Proximal hypospadias defects represent the most challenging aspect of maintaining blood supply to the flap, which eventually leads to a high rate of complications. We modified a sealed Y‐shaped penis foreskin vascular protection technique, which can repair the urethra in a single stage. The inner plate of the foreskin was cut along the coronal sulcus, and both sides of the urethral plate were cut as deep as Buck's fascia. The "Y"‐shaped foreskin flaps on both sides of the mouth that are continuous with the urethral plate were sutured to form a new urethral skin tube. The urethral skin tube was turned to the ventral side, and the foreskin was reshaped and sutured. A total of 89 children had their urinary catheters removed 4 weeks after the operation. All children were evaluated at least once a year for 3 consecutive years. There were 11 patients with urine leakage that occurred after the operation. These children, diagnosed with urine leakage, underwent successful repair after the leakage occurred. There were no urethral strictures after the operation. The one‐time success rate of this operation was 87.6% (78/89), and the incidence of urethral fistula was 12.6% (11/89). The results showed that sealed Y‐shaped penis foreskin vascular protection surgery was safer and had a higher operation rate than the traditional hypospadias repair technique. Modifying Koyanagi repair by our improved Koyanagi hypospadias repair is an excellent technique with relatively low complication rates.


In this paper, we investigate special arrangements of lines in multiprojective spaces. In particular, we characterize codimension 2 arithmetically Cohen–Macaulay (ACM) varieties in [Formula: see text], called varieties of lines. We also describe their ACM property from a combinatorial algebra point of view.


Abstract The syllid genus Anguillosyllis is relatively rare and mainly restricted to deep waters. The phylogenetic position of the genus was only recently inferred, while its reproductive mode, an important trait in the classification of the Syllidae, remains unknown. We describe herein our finding of one specimen of Anguillosyllis lanai with fragile egg capsules dorsally attached to some parapodial lobes, the first observation to date providing information about reproductive aspects of animals of the genus, and discuss possible evolutionary and phylogenetic implications of this finding.


Recommender systems are becoming a widespread technology used to promote cross-selling. Collaborative filtering is one of the main paradigms employed to offer recommendations to users. However, while most collaborative filtering methods require explicit user feedback, such as ratings, it is a well-established fact that users rate only a small portion of all available products. Subsequently, the rating system often acquires insufficient explicit feedback, thus leading to unsatisfactory recommendations. We propose a novel approach in the implicit feedback recommender system domain that combines clustering and matrix factorization to yield good results while using only implicit feedback on users purchase history and without requiring any parameter. We use a high-dimensional, parameter-free, divisive hierarchical clustering technique and, based on the clustering results, create personalized recommendations of high interest for each user. This easy to implement and very effective technique can be applied to any data sets where we can identify users with a purchase history.


This paper introduces new technology that extends the capability of drilling in 15,000-ft. water depth for the purpose of gathering earth science data. The program will be conducted worldwide during the next 14 years utilizing the drillship SEDCO/BP471. Several modifications were performed in order that the ship could effectively use all available technology. A re-entry system is utilized so that the ship can core into the earth's crust approximately 8000 feet. Several types of new scientific and drilling equipment will be utilized in this program. The major thrust of ODP is to gain scientific knowledge of the earth's crust and ocean floor.


CoCrPt alloy thin film is one of the most promising candidates for ultrahigh density magnetic recording media. One of interesting issues for an application of ferromagnetic thin film to high-density magnetic recording media is to investigate growth stress, since stress inevitably generated during thin film fabrication drastically alters magnetic properties as well as mechanical properties due to film fracture and buckling [1]. However, sufficient studies have not been addressed on in situ experimental investigation on stress evolution during film growth of magnetic thin film and its correlation with directly observed film growth structure. We have investigated in situ stress evolution of 400-Å (Co 82 Cr 18 ) 100-x Pt x /1100-Å Ti alloy films with varying Pt concentration by means of an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber equipped with a highly sensitive optical deflection-detecting system [2]. Interestingly enough, the stress evolution patterns during the film deposition are remarkably changed with varying the Pt concentration. CoCrPt alloy films with lower Pt concentration ( 6 ≤ x ≤ 13 ) grow through compressive, tensile, and again compressive stress during film deposition, while CoCrPt alloy films with higher Pt concentration (21 ≤ x ≤ 28 ) develop with compressive and relaxed compressive stress without tensile stress generation. In situ stress-evolution behavior for 400-Å (Co 82 Cr 18 ) 100-x Pt x /1100-Å Ti alloy films with the Pt concentrations of (a) 6, (b) 13, (c) 21, and (d) 28 at.% are demonstrated in Fig.1. Here, the positive slope corresponds to tensile stress, while the negative slope implies compressive stress. The microstructural studies at the stress transition region reveal that film growth structure plays a major role in considerable change of stress evolution pattern in CoCrPt alloy films with the increase of Pt concentration.


ABSTRACT Financial Supervisory Agency (BPKP) is a non-departmental institutions in charge of organizing government in the field of financial supervision countries / regions and development include audit, consulting, assistance, evaluation, the eradication of corruption in the implementation of national development by carrying out its functions stipulated in Presidential Regulation Number 192 2014 on the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency. Five years of the corruption court record by record integrity field per 11 December 2015 at least 169 prosecute corruption cases. 162 of them have been sentenced by the judge, while the seven remaining cases are in the process of the trial. Problems studied were 1) How BPKP role in helping investigations on corruption in the High Court of West Sumatra? 2) What is the procedure BPKP in calculating state losses in the case of corruption in West Sumatra? This study used socio legal approach. Data used include primary data and secondary data. Data were collected through interviews and documentary study. The data were analyzed qualitatively. From the research can be summarized as follows: 1) the role of the BPKP to assist the investigations carried out in accordance jobs of audit data on the use of financial assets and the country / region in the development abused by the perpetrators of corruption. 2) Audit procedures to calculate the loss of assets or financial state caused by a corruption in West Sumatra. Keywords:   Strategy, Financial and Development Supervisory Board, Investigators, Corruption


Following the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) annual conference in 2003 an interactive workshop was held to explore the design monitoring and evaluation of enabler and incentive schemes that seek to improve tuberculosis (TB) control programs by increasing the motivation and performance of patients providers and others engaged in DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy Short-course) programs. This workshop sponsored by Management Sciences for Health's (MSH) Rational Pharmaceutical Management Plus (RPM Plus) Program in conjunction with the Stop TB partnership engaged partners who had results to share from recently designed implemented or evaluated schemes and those seeking to assess whether to pursue such approaches. The workshop emphasized discussion and debate on measuring effectiveness impact control of perverse effects generalizability and feasibility of replication and/or scale-up of approaches. (authors)


The power of mangrove forest can reserve and keep heavy metal in fabric
of body, suck as leaves, trunks, and the roots which allow in their sedimen.
From the analysis of organolaptic it proved that kind of mangrove,
Bruguiera gymnorhiza, can stand from toxic consentrasion. But for another
various like Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata can't against from
toxic consentration.
It proved by the heavy metal analisis that kind of mangrove such as
Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata and Bruguiera gymnorhiza can reserve
heavy metal effectively.
The power of mangrove reserve the heavy metal which has different treath
whent from toxic consentration in every various so that can decrease the level of
land soil at atmosphere, sedimen, and heavy metal until maximum.


Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 1000e101 J Cell Biol Immunol, an open access journal Pesticides can be classified as insecticides, rodenticides, herbicides, fungicides and fumigants [1]. For years, it has been widely known that pesticide use can unfortunately disturb lots of nontarget organisms while killing pests. A number of study revealed the side effects of different pesticides on many organisms. In addition, pesticide not only have negative effects on early life stages but also vital organs of adult organisms. Therefore, this issue turned out an important one in ecosystem.


The abundant cultural accumulation in Yan's Family nourished Yan Zhitui's cultural character,and laid his cultural and academic foundation,which helped him acquire vast academic knowledge and editorial ability to compile the book Yu Lan Temple Xiuwen.His engagement in compiling the book objectively stimulated the cultural exchange between the North and the South as he entered political stratum in Northern Qi Dynasty.His literature stand of assimilating the essence from the ancient and modern,valuing the content and text,applying ideas into practice,and objecting to the popular ostentation writing style had been developed in this era,and he also integrated southern gorgeous style with northern modesty.The new style became easier for both literary worlds to accept,and the integration promoted the dissemination of southern culture in the North,by drawing the northern literati's attention to absorb the characteristics of the southern culture.


Aim: To reduce the fear of falling in an elderly population by teaching 'Tai Chi for Falls Prevention' classes twice a week for 12 weeks. Background & Significance: Falls continue to be the leading cause of injury-related deaths of Arizonans who are 65 years or older well above the national average. It is predicted that by 2030, national medical spending for this population will total over $31 billion, yearly. Tai Chi is revered for being a beneficial form of simple, low-impact exercise, which the CDC endorses for its falls risk reduction benefits. Methods: The intervention consisted of 60-minute classes occurring twice a week for 12 weeks. Participants were English-speaking, between 65-85 years old, and able to ambulate independently. Appropriate pre-screening tools were used before applicants consented. Their Fear of Falling (FoF) was measured using a fall risk perception tool at the beginning, middle, and the end of the project. This ordinal data was analyzed with Friedman ANOVA using SPSS 25 Outcomes/Results: After enrolling five total participants, only three completed the project. This severely limited data analysis of their FoF, resulting in a statistical significance (p = 0.68), deeming the intervention ineffective Despite observable downwards trending FoF scores. Conclusion: The acceptance of the null hypothesis is attributed to the low enrollment and high attrition rate. Also, the only data measured was quantifiable, subjective data. Future projects could add objective data to reinforce the benefits of Tai Chi. This might reinforce the validity of Tai Chi as a practical recommendation due to its cost-effective simple interventional design and effectiveness for prevention of accidental falls. Increased focus on improved recruitment & retainment strategies should be prioritized for similar projects in the future.


UV-induced (from 193 to 380 nm) photochemical processes on H2O2 in solid argon (18 K) are studied by using Fourier transform infrared and luminescence spectroscopy. The major photolysis products were identified as (i) a complex of monomeric water with atomic oxygen and (ii) free OH radicals. A three-component photokinetic scheme H2O⋯O↔H2O2→2 OH describes well all the observed features. The wavelength dependence of the kinetics was measured, which gives the rate constants as a function of excitation wavelength. A novel photoinduced recovery of H2O2 from a water molecule complexed with an oxygen atom is experimentally demonstrated. For the origin of this reaction of importance in various areas, we propose a photoinduced charge transfer between H2O and O with concomitant recombination into H2O2.


Learning from imbalanced data sets is a hot and challenging research topic with many real world applications. Many studies have been conducted on integrating sampling-based techniques and ensemble learning for imbalanced data sets. However, most existing sampling methods suffer from the problems of information loss, over-fitting, and additional bias. Moreover, there is no single model that can be applied to all scenarios. Therefore, a positive enhanced ensemble learning (PEEL) framework is presented in this paper for effective video event detection. The proposed PEEL framework involves a novel sampling technique combined with an ensemble learning mechanism built upon the base learning algorithm (BLA). Exploratory experiments have been conducted to evaluate the related parameters and performance comparisons. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed PEEL framework for video event detection.


A straightforward method to prepare 1,5-benzothiazepines was reported. Catalyzed by a Rh/Zhaophos complex, unsaturated cyclic NH lactams with a medium-size ring were hydrogenated smoothly, giving remarkably high enantioselectivities. The sulfur atom in the substrates did not bring an inhibition which was observed with commercially available bisphosphine ligands. This method was successfully applied in the scale-up synthesis of (R)-(-)-thiazesim.


Objective: To compare the laparoscopassisted vaginal hysterectomy(LAVH) and vaginal total hysterectomy(VTH) in the case of non-prolapsed uterus.Methods: The clinical data of 200 patients who underwent hysterectomy by LAVH and VTH were collected from 2008 to 2012 in our hospiatl.Of 200 patients,there were 108 cases of VTH(Group V) and 92 cases of LAVH(Group L).Uterus size,operative time,intraoperative bleeding,hospital staying time and recovery of the post operation were compared between the two groups.Results: Statistic differences were found in operative time,blood loss,and the size of resected uterus between the two groups(P 0.05),but there was no significant statistic difference in postoperative recovery and hospital stay time between the two groups.Conclusion: LAVH can be performed in those patients with pelvic adhesion or with a large uterus in order to reduce the complications.


In the course of a study on the plastic behaviour of iron containing carbon and/or nitrogen, it was found that the increase in yield stress in the early stage of strain ageing at room temperature varied proportionately to t1/3, but not to t2/3, as is usually accepted(1), where t is the ageing time. It will also be shown that the data in the literature can be re-plotted along this line. A vacuum arc-melted steel of the following chemical composition in weight per cent was used as specimens; C 0.031., N 0.0014, Mn 0.001, Si 0.006, P 0.002, S 0.006 and O 0.0003. Specimens of 1×10×100mm were prepared from a cold-rolled sheet and were annealed for 15 minutes at 950°C and for one hour at 600 °C in argon atmosphere with the subsequent quenching


The present paper outlines the strategic role Human Resource Development (HRD) can play in creating a learning environment for successfully implementing a Knowledge Management (KM) System in an organisation. Its role in creating and sharing of knowledge across all levels of an organisation, which is so vital for its sustenance in the present global scenario, cannot be undermined. Also, the paper makes an attempt to develop a conceptual framework showing the linkage between HRD and KM – how they complement and supplement each other in leveraging the knowledge of intellectual assets of an organisation to maintain sustainable competitive advantage.


It was with this bitter intervention from Thrasymachus, occurring halfway through the first of its ten Books, that that work begins to come urgently alive. For the remainder of Book I the Socrates of the Dialogue asks questions and raises objections, while Thrasymachus keeps urging that in fact the just become through their very justice the victims of exploitation–the suckers!


On the basis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle's development, the paper discussed the theoretical development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in the field of remote sensing application and the application research of meteorological monitoring, resource surveys, aerial survey and dealing with unexpected incidents using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, then summarized existing problems in UAV remote sensing research and prospected the focus of UAV remote sensing research in future.


The study described in this report is concerned with the impact of restraint policies on car use and is geared mainly to needs of local authorities. It is based on a re-analysis of data from household interviews carried out in 1966 and 1976. The policies implemented between the two surveys include parking charges and controls, restrictions on vehicular access, bus-priority schemes and the introduction of park-and-ride services. There appears to have been a general reduction in the extent of travel over the 10-year period, attributable largely to a decline in work trips, because of an increase in the proportions of economically-inactive heads of households and the elderly. Although there has been some re-distribution of trips ends away from the city centre to areas outside the city boundary, this does not appear to have resulted from the traffic restraint measures taken. For car travel to the city centre, the main effect of the policies has been a considerable shift from free public parking (which is now very limited) towards free private parking, which in 1976 was used much more frequently for shopping and social trips, in addition to work, than in 1966. The use of bus over the 10 years has declined appreciably, although the reliability and image of the service seeems to have improved. The concept of car availability is examined in some detail and it seems that, in spite of restraint, when a car is genuinely available for a journey it is rare for another mode to be used. (a) (TRRL)


The temperature variation of the relaxation rate Γ w of the domain walls about their transition at T=T * from the Block to the linear Bulaevskii-Ginzburg structure has been investigated in the uniaxial ferrimagnet SrFe 12 O 19 . The significant suppression of T * below the mean-field approximation (MFA) value along with the speeding up of Γ w (T≤T * ), which is much stronger than that predicted by the MFA, reveals the first evidence for critical fluctuations in a domain wall. The speeding up can be almost quantitatively explained by taking two dimensional fluctuations of the transverse magnetization in the wall into account


were muted in the 1990s is that the contraction of its manufacturing sector dampened the spillover effects. A downside of the structural change that occurred in the US economy in the 1990s was the hollowing out of its manufacturing sector. This was significantly facilitated by a strong US dollar on the back of huge capital inflow associated with financing the dot.com bubble, and by the adoption of free trade agreements that left uncompetitive industries vulnerable. Much of the ICT generated productivity gains were instead enjoyed by China, with its large and growing share of global manufacturing (including in the production of ICT consumer products). Hence, to a considerable extent, the US economy benefited from ICT-generated productivity growth indirectly through the reduction in the prices of imported manufactures, especially durable consumer goods, produced in Asia. Gualerzi's argument about the importance of ICT investment to US growth would have been enhanced by a clarification of how the different sources of demand—such as government expenditure, autonomous consumption (which he mostly ignores) and other non-ICT investment—contribute to demand-led growth. Indeed, these other sources of growth in demand, which depend on longstanding fiscal and monetary policy, are likely to have exerted an influence on the growth of ICT 'innovation' investment. Finally, the argument pays inadequate attention to the role of competition in generating 'innovation' investment and in disseminating new technologies. After all, an important force behind the 1990s dot.com boom that financed the great growth in ICT investment was the expectation of high returns. Notwithstanding these shortcomings, Gualerzi's book makes an important contribution to an understanding of how innovation can play a prominent role in the process of economic growth. I highly recommend it.


Objective To investigate expression ofα-catenin in human cervical cancer and its biological behaviors and patient prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemical S-P staining ofα-cat in 41 cervical carcinomas and 10 normal cervical sampes was performed. Results Abnormal immunoreactivity forα-cat (68.3%) in cervical cancer was observed which was different from normal group (P0.01). Abnormal expression of α-catenin was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation status, lymph node metastasis , the depth of cancer invasion and prognosis(P0.05). No significant association was found between abnormal expression ofα-cat and tumor pathology type, clinical stage, proliferation status and age (P0.05 ).Tumor clinical stage, proliferation status and the expression of α-catenin can all be independent prognosic factors. Conclusion Decreased expression ofα-catenin occur frequently in cervical cancer. Expression of α-cat protein may be a useful marker for assessing differentiation, invasion , metastasis and prognosis of human cervical cancer.


This study determined the efficacy of jatropha plant part extracts against Cordana musae (Zimm) van Hoehnel causing leafspot of Cardava (cooking variety) banana; it was carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 14 treatments replicated three times in vitro and in vivo (protective and eradicative) set-ups. Results of bioassays revealed that of the ten jatropha plant part extracts, jatropha seed extract (JSE), jatropha young fruits + seed extracts (JFE + SE) and jatropha roots + leaves extracts (JR+LE) exhibited very effective (VE) inhibitory effect against C. musae based on diameter zone of inhibition after 72 hr of incubation comparable to the effect of Impatiens balsamina plant part extracts (IBPPE, botanical check) and benomyl (chemical check). Under screen house, jatropha seeds extract (JSE) applied as protectant delayed infection up to 14 days after inoculation (DAI) of C. musae on banana seedlings. JSE and JYF+SE and JR+LE reduced severity infection of Cordana leafspot from 6.70 to 11.07% after 40 days of protective treatment with the highest degree of control that ranged from 64.24 to 82.47%. Moreover, jatropha seeds extract (JSE), jatropha young fruit + seeds extracts (JYF+SE), and jatropha roots + leaves extracts (JR+LE) applied as eradicant exhibited significantly reduced severity of infection of Cordana leaf spot compared to other treatments. Jatropha seeds extract (JSE) and jatropha young fruit +seeds extract (JYF+SE) exhibited the highest degree of control against Cordana leafspot after four eradicative applications at 10-day intervals, comparable to the effect of Impatiens balsamina plant parts extract, IBPPE (botanical check) and benomyl (chemical check). Jatropha seeds extract (JSE) and jatropha young fruit + seeds extract (JYF+SE) thus showed potential as biofungicide against C. musae causing leaf spot of Cardava banana.


Micro heat pipes have been used to cool microelectronic devices, but their heat transfer coefficients are low compared with those of conventional heat pipes. A typical micro heat pipe has a long and narrow cavity of polygonal cross section. A long vapor bubble occupies the center of the cavity, while the liquid fills the rest. As one end of the pipe is heated, the liquid evaporates and increases the vapor pressure. The higher pressure drives the vapor to the cold end where the vapor condenses and releases the latent heat. The condensate moves along the liquid-filled corners of the pipe back to the hot end to complete the cycle. Since the pipe is long, the vapor and liquid flow almost uni-directionally along most part of the pipe. We have developed a finite-difference method to solve for the coupled flows. To validate the numerical code, we modify the flow geometry so that analytic solutions can be obtained for the axial velocity and compared with the numerical results. The analytic solutions and the finite-difference method are described and their results compared. We find good agreement for the volume flow rate and the velocity profile, thus validating the numerical method.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


-During their Antarctic breeding season Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) fast as long as 115 days and walk as far as 200 km from the sea to their rookeries and back. The breeding males stand on the ice incubating a single egg for about 62 days. We examined the thermal exchanges between Emperor Penguins and their environment in an attempt to answer the question: Why do these penguins breed during the winter? Existing physiological data for the temperature regulation of Emperor Penguins were used in conjunction with meteorological data from the Antarctic to model thermal interactions between the animal and its environment. Computer simulations for the energy budget of Emperor Penguins in a variety of microclimatic conditions indicate that the heat load imposed on these birds during the Antarctic summer does not limit their choice of breeding season. We conclude that the physiological and morphological characteristics associated with heat exchange do not constrain Emperor Penguins to winter breeding. In 1902 Edward Wilson, a physician participating in Robert Falcon Scott's first expedition to Antarctica, discovered that Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) breed during the Antarctic winter (Wilson 1907). By contrast, all other Antarctic penguins breed during the summer. In the course of their unique breeding cycle, Emperor Penguins may fast for 115 days (Isenmann 1971) and walk as far as 200 km from the sea to their rookeries and back (Budd 1962). Aspects of the breeding biology of Emperor Penguins have been extensively studied (e.g., Stonehouse 1953, Prevost 1961, Isenmann 1971, Bougaeff 1974), and energetic costs for thermoregulation and locomotion have been quantified (Le Maho et al. 1976, Pinshow et al. 1976). The intriguing question of why Emperor Penguins breed during the winter has not been treated as thoroughly. Stonehouse (1953) suggested that the phenomenon is related to the short time available for chicks to achieve independence. Simpson (1976) and Schmidt-Nielsen (1979) left the question


Article History Published Online: 17 August 2020 This paper evaluates the gains and losses of meat free diet on our health that a successful vegetarian diet means more than saying no to meat. The SRS survey reveals that 71% population in India is non vegetarian while 28.85% is vegetarian. Meat free diet may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and various types of cancer, metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity and type 2 diabetes. As soon as that meal had a 13% lower risk of heart disease than meat eaters. But they had a 20% higher rate of stroke than meat eaters. This study shows that eating more healthy plant foods in place of red meat has benefits for heart health.


Abstract The test facility and measurement system for the investigation of the dynamic characteristics of a damped blade are described. The test results are analyzed, and some important conclusions are drawn. It is found that dry friction between the dampers (or between damper and blade) is a very effective means of reducing the vibration of a blade.The resonance frequency, the response amplitude and the relative damping ratio can all be influenced by dry friction. High harmonic waves on the response of the blade which are caused by dry friction are observed in the test. However, the wave response of the damped blade is still basically harmonic. The normal force acting on the rub surfaces of the damped blade will influence the dynamic characteristics of the blade. Since the damped blade system is non-linear due to dry friction, the external exciting force can also influence the dynamic characteristics of the blade.


The development of medical technology is an integral component of preserving the future generations health, which consists of the prevention and early diseases diagnosis using modern diagnostic measuring instruments. One such instrument is a bio-impedance analyzer (BIA). This article presents the results of modeling and metrological analysis of the BIA electrical circuit, which allowed to minimize the main relative error to 0.1%.


A printer driver for printing a document at a printer. The printer driver is configured to: (i) receive a visual description for the document from a first memory, the visual description describing a graphic impression for printing; (ii) send print data corresponding to the graphic impression to the printer; and (iii) archive the visual description for a page of the document in a second memory.


The article is focused on elaborating essential methodological approaches to constructing an effective system for comprehensive statistical analysis of bank performance. The article's objective is to provide scientific justification of methodological principles for constructing this system. Special importance and significance of such analysis for the effective bank management is emphasized. Besides that, the significance of the analysis is caused by the diversity of banks' links with clients, shareholders, partners, competitions, National Bank and power bodies, population and mass media.
The sound assessment of bank performance and management decision making process is based on an advanced statistical analysis. The statistical toolkit designed for analytical justifications of management decisions needs to be built on the principles underlying statistical support for management: comprehensiveness and consistency. A major part of bank performance indicators are indicators of their financial situation in view of the sufficiency of capital, solvency, liquidity, reliability, profitability. An important background for assessing the financial situation of banks and analysis of management efficiency is a study of the bank system in its relationship with the external environment of its operation, i. e. the national economy.
At the level of an organization, the bank statistics consists of two statistical information modules: external and internal one. A system of indicators can be structured in form of four interlinked modules of financial and economic indicators, with each contributing to problem solutions involved in a study of bank performance. An important condition for applications of the proposed set of indicators is that their computation must be supplemented by an analysis of dynamics intensity. This allows for finding internal patterns of development and tendencies specific for the operation process in bank sector. The proposed scheme for statistical analysis of management efficiency in the bank system allows one to combine the existing methodical approaches, synthesize their essential advantages and detect the drawbacks.


Fig. 19.-As in fig. 18, thle figures at the base represent the number of minutes during which perfusion took place; those in thle per-| pendicular line the nyimber of c.c. passing through. The lightI squares show the flow when normal salt solution passed thlroughI zthe vessels; the dark squares when 1 in 1,000 of propyl nitrite was| used. cry considerably. It continues to fall, and reaches its owest point in thirty to sixty minutes sometimes it is very ow for a longer time than this. Tihe effects of ethyl nitrate on the pulse can often be distinctly seen four or five hours after a dose has been taken. (See Fig. 20A&.) As after nitrites, the pulse is somewhat quickened, but this effect is by no means marked. One minim has a distinct effect on the pulse. Propyl, isobutyl, and amyl nitrates all act in a similar manner, and as far as I have examined their action, they depress the tension for a longer time than the corresponding nitrites. :Fig. 20B shows the effects of isobutyl nitrate on thle man from whom the tracings after amyl nitrite and nitrate were taken. kRM


1.The effects of accelerational swimming and body size on mechanical energy costs of diving were examined by comparing canvasback ( Aythya valisineria Wilson), redhead ( A. americana Eyton) and lesser scaup ( A. affinis Eyton) ducks (mean body mass 1.275, 1.013 and 0.817kg, respectively) in steady versus unsteady models of locomotion. Steady models assume constant speed, whereas unsteady models incorporate acceleration and deceleration with each propulsive stroke. 2.The surface areas of the ducks increased linearly with body mass ( r 2 =0.96), with all species falling on the same curve. 3.Body drag D of frozen ducks towed under water increased with body mass M and speed U according to the relationshipD = −0.946+0.826 M +0.614 U +0.825 U 2 , r 2 =0.95. 4.In kinematic analyses, regression curves of percentage of total stroke distance versus percentage of stroke duration did not vary within individuals, sometimes varied between individuals and always varied between species. In diving ducks, analyses of a single sequence per individual and several individuals per species will usually provide an accurate kinematic description for the species. 5.The degree of acceleration and deceleration during a stroke increased with decreasing body size among species. 6.The power phase lasted for 66–70% of stroke duration, and the ducks accelerated for the first 84% of this phase. During the power phase, work against drag was 10–12%, work against buoyancy was 36–38%, and inertial work in acceleration was 49–54° of the total mechanical work done. 7.Mechanical energy costs of descent, as estimated by the unsteady model, were 47–75% higher than estimates from the steady model. Accelerational stroking had greater effects on descent costs as body size decreased. Note: Present address: Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.


This focus issue of the Journal of The Electrochemical Soci- ety was initiated conceptually a little more than one year ago dur-ing the spring meeting of The Electrochemical Society in Seattle, Washington. The aim of this issue is to showcase research being done by organic and biological electrochemists who, over the years, have participated in numerous symposia sponsored by the Organic & Biological Electrochemistry (O&BE) Division of The Society and who, via their published research, have been major and sus-taining contributors to the body of knowledge in these two very broad areas of electrochemical science. Topics covered by the 28 papers in this issue reflect the diversity of research being done in organic and biological electrochemistry, including organometal-∗ lic electrochemistry, surface-modified electrodes, mechanistic or- ganic electrochemistry, asymmetric electrosynthesis, redox catalysis, novel solvents such as room-temperature ionic liquids, new electrode materials, environmentally benign electroorganic processes, photo-electrochemistry, electron transfer through biomolecules, biomem- branes, biosensors, biofuel cells, electrochemotherapy, and biological nanowires.Bothof us thank friends and colleagues


Objective:To establish the assay method for archen and chrysophanol in Tuberculosis Pill.Method:The contents of archen and chrysophanol in prepared rhubarb were determined with HPLC.Result:Archen in the range of 0.024-0.073 μg showed a good linear ralationship.Regression equation was Y=3 304 098X+1 637,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 97.63%,RSD=1.07%.Chrysophanol with in 0.0086-0.258 ug showed a good linear relationship,regression equation was Y=4 541 679X-1 057,r=0.999 9,the average recovery was 97.45%,RSD=2.03%.Conclusion:The established method is simple and feasible,specific,and reproducible.It can be used for quality control.


The hypothesis of this study was that spring camelina (Camelina sativa L.) could be grown as a high-value crop under the moist, cool conditions of the Maritime Provinces in Canada and seeding date, seeding rate, and type of seeder will modify productivity and oil composition. The objectives were (1) to determine the optimum seeding date and seeding rate for camelina production in the Maritimes; and (2) to evaluate the effect of seeder type (seed drill and forage seeder) on camelina establishment and seed yield. A seeding date and rate experiment and a seeder type and seeding rate experiment were conducted in 2005 and 2006 in Nova Scotia and Prince Edwards Island. Seeding date did not affect camelina emergence, plant height, seed yield and oil content. The earlier seeding date increased the concentration of stearic acid in the oil compared with the later seeding date. Seed yield of camelina was not affected by seeding rate in the seeder type by rate trial but higher yields were observed up to 600 seeds m-2...


BANKS Abstract Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has now been incorporated into mainstream corporate reporting in most sectors. However, there are still differences between countries in the amount and type of CSR reported, and the way in which CSR is understood. This article presents a methodology for comparing CSR reporting which could be used in business communication or business English courses, particularly in the context of project work. The methodology is demonstrated through a comparison of the chairman's letter or statement from all the FTSE-listed UK and IBEX-listed Spanish banks in 2018. Quantitative analysis reveals a more homogeneous and balanced picture across UK banks, suggesting that a broader concept of CSR has been incorporated into reporting conventions, while the Spanish banks show an uneven picture. In particular, UK banks gave greater prominence to issues of accountability and employee welfare than the Spanish banks. Discourse analysis of representative examples brings to light various strategies used in both groups to target different stakeholders with potentially contradictory attitudes to CSR, and to offset potential


In this paper,using 1:1 000 000 soil data set,the soil attribution database in the Wanjiazhai basin of the Yellow River was built through the soil texture conversion and calculating a part of soil parameters by SPAW procedure. Using 1:100 000 land use/cover data,the vegetation type in the study area was divided into nine,which were mixed forest land,pasture,water,residential,residential-low density,industrial,bare land,combining wetland and agriculture.Basing on that,the vegetation type database was built.Using meteorological observed data of 7 meteorological stations from 1977 to 2006 in study area,weather generator were generated by statistical method.Using measured daily runoff data on the hydrological stations of Toudaoguai and Wanjiazhai and meteorological observed data of 7 meteorological stations from 2000 to 2009 in study area,hydrological and meteorological data sets were built,Also Using DEM(digital elevation model) and GIS/RS technology,the data of water cycle space distribution was obtained, 522 HRU(Hydrologic Response Units) were divided at last.On the basis of all these,the hydrological model based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model in the Wanjiazhai basin of the Yellow River was built.Also month and day runoff was simulated by SCS runoff method with the actual measurement data of day runoff on the hydrological stations of Toudaoguai and Wanjiazhai from 2000 to 2009,in which 2000 to 2006 was taken as the calibration time and 2007 to 2009 was taken as the validation time.In the calibration time,47 th sub-basin was chose,namely incoming flow of Wanjiazhai,the systematic sensitive analysis and calibration were taken by LH-OAT algorithm which based on LH(Latin Hypercube) sampling and OAT(One-factor-At-a-Time) sensitivity analysis. Through sensitive analysis and calibration of month scale,10 system parameters were chose,which were Alpha_Bf, Ch_K2,Ch_N,Cn2,Esco,Gw_Delay,Gw_Revap,Gwqmn,Sol_Awc and Sol_K.And through which of day scale,6 system parameters were chose,which were Alpha_Bf,Blai,Ch_K2,Cn2,Esco and Sol_Awc.Also,the simulation system was verified according to measured daily runoff data from 2007 to 2009.Through analysis of simulation,calibration and verification to month/day runoff process in the Wanjiazhai basin of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2009,at the same time,uncertainty of the incoming flow which was induced by the man-made factors such as dam,poling, levees,irrigation,etc was considered,the results showed that this system on the structure was reasonable,the correlation coefficient reaches more than 0.97 and Nash - Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient reached more than 0.96 not only in the calibration time but also in the validation time.The result was good in the simulation process of 2000 to 2009,which could reflect the change of runoff in the study area.And the effect of month runoff simulation is better than that of day runoff simulation.In addition,putting the numerical forecast model and the simulation system coupled, runoff forecast and analysis were done through taking elements forecast of T639 numerical forecast model as inputs of meteorological elements of this simulation system,the result was still good.In general,the simulation system could reflect the inflow runoff process perfectly.Therefore,the simulation result could provide a positive reference of comprehensive utilization of water resources and proper reservoir operation for the Wanjiazhai basin of the Yellow River.


The stability of steel wire cross-wound high density polythene (PE-HD) pipes (PSP) was in- vestigated. Instantaneous and long-term critical buckling pressures-time, deformation-time curves were obtained. For PE-HD pipes with a nominal diameter of 250 mm and a wall thickness of 16.5 mm wound with steel wire of diameter 1.0 mm and volume fraction of 2.9 wt %, the instantaneous critical buckling pressure increased by 33.3 % compared with neat PE-HD pipe with the same wall thickness. The in- stantaneous critical buckling pressures of the PSP decreased with increasing pipe diameters. Because of the time dependence behavior of the matrix, the critical buckling pressure of the PSP also showed the time dependent behavior.


This investigation addresses fundamental aspects of the reliability and stability of both basic cognitive functions and automatic processing components of skills. In the present experiment we investigated the pattern of component skill retention (or decay) exhibited after training on automatic and controlled processing task components. Participants were trained on a hybrid memory/visual, semantic-category search task and received low (720 trials), moderate (2,160 trials) and high (4,320 trials) amounts of consistently mapped (CM) training plus variably mapped (VM) training (720 trials). Retention was tested at five time intervals: one day, 30 days, 90 days, 180 days and 365 days following training. Critical data for this investigation involve the pattern of performance decay across conditions and retention intervals. After an initial decline in the first 30 days following training, performance in CM conditions remained stable from Day 30 to Day 365. VM performance was erratic. The present research has practical and theoretical significance for elucidation of the mechanisms underlying long-term retention of automatic processes. Specification of these mechanisms is essential in the attempt to predict performance after a period of inactivity, to determine what constitutes appropriate refresher training, and to designate which skill components to emphasize during training.


51 year old female presented with high T2 diffuse lesions in grey/white matter of occipital and temporal regions. Neuro-oncology MDT raised possibility of lymphoma, PRES, CNS inflammation, leading to neurology review in October 2015. She travelled to Mexico in May 2015, having few mosquito bites. In June 2015 she reported headaches, memory/behavioural problems and itchy blistering skin rash effecting face, arms and buttocks. ESR was 44 mm/hour, LDH, vasculitic, paraneoplastic antibodies and mitochondrial tests were negative. Full body CT and CSF studies showed no abnormality. There was no focal deficit, though she appeared slightly irritable and disinhibited. Addenbrook's cognitive testing (95/100) showed problems in verbal fluency and memory. NMDAR-antibodies were positive, 1:100 titre. MRI lesions completely resolved without any treatment by November 2015. Zika and endemic viral screening were negative. NMDAR antibody titre persisted at 1:100, ESR reduced to 25 mm/hour. In April NMDAR antibody titre raised to 1:1000 and MRI identified new cortical lesions. She complained of worsening of headache and skin lesions. She was started on immunotherapy, which lead to resolution of radiological and clinical features. NMDAR antibody titre reduced to 1:10 whilst on immunotherapy. It is unusual for NMDAR encephalopathy to spontaneously remit without treatment, captured here by radiological surveillance. Interestingly NMDAR antibody titre rose during radiological relapses.


[Effect of intensive antihypertensive treatment and of aspirin in a lowdose in the hypertensive. The HOT (Hypertension Optimal Treatment) study]


Objective: To explore the general rule and characteristics of adverse drug reaction(ADR) induced by Huangqi injection.Method: 41 ADR cases of Huangqi injection reported in China hospital knowledge database from 1994~2005 were collected and satistically analyzed.Result: The main ADR of Huangqi injection respectively were allergic reactions ,then dermoreaction 9 cases(21.95%),allergic shock 5 cases(12.19%),drug fever 8 cases(19.51%),the respiratory system damage 8 cases(19.51%) and the other system damage 11cases(26.82%).Conclusion: There were many factors related with the occurrence of ADRS to Huangqi injection.So,we should use Huangqi injection rationally and pay attention to the prevention and decreasion of ADR.


The importance of forests, including plantations, for outdoor recreation and human health is being increasingly emphasized in numerous policy and research documents all over Europe. This paper gives a brief overview of, for example, how urban forests (and afforestation in general) can contribute to the health and well-being of the general population. In addition, the paper explores the role of forests in outdoor education and learning, and presents some ideas for the resolution of access problems. Some of the future challenges for forest planning and management are outlined. It is foreseen that more collaboration with other policy sectors is needed, and it is stressed that the many opportunities for physical exercise in (urban) forested landscapes should not be forgotten in today's political context.


Powledge, Tabitha M. The polymerase chain reaction. Adv Physiol Educ 28: 44–50, 2004; 10.1152/advan.00002.2004.—This essay on the polymerase chain reaction is one of a series developed as part of FASEB'S efforts to educate the general public, and the legislators whom it elects, about the benefits of fundamental biomedical research—particularly how investment in such research leads to scientific progress, improved health, and economic well-being. 1


Co-gasification of coal and biomass is an effective way to utilize coal of low rank to alleviate problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution. In order to investigate the product distribution resulting from the co-gasification of coal and biomass in a fluidized-bed reactor, experiments were conducted at varying biomass ratios, oxygen equivalent ratios, steam/carbon ratios, and also gasification temperatures. With an increase of biomass ratio, the amount of CO and CH4 increased while H2 and CO2 contents decreased. The amount of H2 increased obviously with an increase of gasification temperature ranging from 650 to 1000°C, whereas the CO and CO2 amount decreased. An increase of the steam/carbon ratio was beneficial to promote H2 formation and decrease CO and hydrocarbon compounds. With an increase of the gasification temperature, the steam/carbon ratio and oxygen equivalent ratio can promote the elements with low reaction activity in biomass gasification to be useful gas compositions.


Objective  Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, it is important to investigate putative risk factors for increased oxLDL. Evidence suggests that, compared to euthyroid individuals, LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels are lower in individuals with overt hyperthyroidism. Whereas oxidization of LDL‐C into oxLDL is increased in overt hyper‐ and hypothyroidism, it has not been investigated whether subclinical thyroid dysfunction impacts on oxLDL levels in general. We have analysed the association between serum thyrotrophin (TSH) levels and oxLDL in a population‐based study.


(Note that the Budapest Convention is open to the accession of countries that are not parties to the Council of Europe and is the means for international cooperation to tackle cybercrime.) Russia has also been actively trying to physically move current discussions on cybercrime from their home in Vienna, Austria (where decisions are made through consensus) to New York, where a majority vote would seem to give Russia and China a significant advantage in the future proceedings.4 Moreover, Russia and China may parlay such wins at the United Nations to further not just their overarching goals of challenging the existence of universal human rights and the ideals of an open, free, and indivisible Internet, but also the post-World War II world order, which Russia currently, and China more principally, regards to primarily be a Western construction - and thus, in their conception, unjustly benefitting Western states. 6 The system the Kremlin seeks to achieve would be based on a "Convention on International Information Security," with the United Nations and the International Telecommunications Union assigned to play major roles. [...]this Russian conception leans on strong, even absolute, state sovereignty, which undermines and overrides international obligations the state may have or be interpreted to have.7 Russian arguments for the purposes of a so-called sovereign internet (known as RuNet) stress several aspects of security by autonomy. Some Russians have come to justify the ostensible need to maintain Russianto-Russian traffic within territorial borders through the use of financial arguments: by this reckoning, the cost of international routing may, in the future, become too expensive.9 The demand to pre-install Russian software to "track, filter, and reroute internet traffic" 10 can be read in the contexts of information security, critical infrastructure protection, and boosting national research and development markets.11 Obviously, widening the coverage of federal (Roskomnadzor's) enforcement mechanisms from routing traffic to all ITC devices also increases political and informational control over individuals. 4 U.S. Department of State, "State Department Official on Multilateral Cyber Efforts," Special Briefing, Office of the Spokesperson, Press Correspondents Room, December 19, 2019, https://web.archive.org/web/20191220024014/https://www.state.gov/ state-department-official-on-multilateral-cyber-efforts/. 5 United Nations Office for Disarmaments Affairs, "Developments in


» Inadvertent activation of electrosurgical device was more likely to result in patient burns and harm.» There are significant knowledge gaps in the orthopaedic surgery community relating to fire prevention, fire safety, and fire management.» Arthroplasty was the most common procedure with reported fire events.» It is the responsibility of the orthopaedic surgeon to understand the risks of surgical fire in the operating room and implement actions to reduce those risks.


An endogenous sulfur, polysulfide (PS) is generated by oxidation of hydrogen sulfide. We previously reported that PS stimulated nociceptive transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) channel in sensory neurons. TRPA1 is also activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we examined the effect of PS on responses to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), one of ROS, using mouse sensory neurons and heterologously expressed mouse TRPA1 in HEK293 cells (mTRPA1-HEK). In mouse sensory neurons, H 2 O 2 evoked two types of [Ca 2+ ] i responses, an early TRPA1-dependent and a late TRPA1-independent ones. Pretreatment with PS inhibited the H 2 O 2 -induced early responses in a dose-dependent manner. PS also suppressed [Ca 2+ ] i responses to PGJ 2 , another endogenous TRPA1 agonist in mouse sensory neurons. In mTRPA1-HEK, PS inhibited [Ca 2+ ] i responses to not only H 2 O 2 but also PS itself and PGJ 2 . Simultaneous measurement of [Ca 2+ ] i and [PS] i showed that PS did not present in the period of the inhibiting effect of PS. The removal of extracellular Ca 2+ and calmodulin inhibitor diminished the PS-induced suppression of [Ca 2+ ] i responses to H 2 O 2 . When PS was administrated intraplantary prior to H 2 O 2 , pain-related behaviors induced by H 2 O 2 significantly decreased in mouse. The present data suggest that an endogenous sulfur desensitizes TRPA1 resulting in an inhibition of subsequent activation induced by oxidative stresses via Ca 2+ influx through TRPA1. Calmodulin signaling may be involved in PS-induced TRPA1 desensitization.


New tools of strategic management of human resources are being used as a way to capture, valuing and retain human capital in organizations, enabling them to face the growing adversities and market competition. Among these tools, one can cite the management and employee performance evaluation based on their skills, whose conceptualization and exemplification are objectives of this work. The cycle of the program "5 Conversations", applied in a chemical company located in Vale do Paraiba, is an example of a project that includes: design of individual goals tied to corporate objectives; monitoring of results; performance evaluation, whose note is tied to the payment of bonuses and merits; and development of career and succession plan. In General, the study brings a bibliographical review about the concepts of management and performance evaluation, competencies, succession plan and, among others, in addition to the description of all phases of the program "5 Conversations" through exploratory research on materials provided by the company. Relating the concepts defined by various authors and the description of the program, it is possible to deepen the knowledge on the subject and know the example of a program that can be considered benchmarking for other organizations and professionals in the field and conclude on the concern of this company with their human talents.


The present invention relates to the use of anti--NGF antibody in interstitial cystitis and / or painful bladder syndrome and / or bladder pain syndrome treatment or prevention of pain and / or lower urinary tract syndrome associated with (LUTS).


In this work, we introduce a new subclass of univalent functions defined by using q-derivative operator. Moreover, for functions belonging to this class, we establish third Hankel determinant denoted by H3(1).


This paper describes a systems engineering approach to the design of an integrated decision support system, IDES, for the planning and control of ATMA, a Portuguese textile company. The paper presents the overall process emphasizing the methodological framework and the main results. Systems engineering methods were crucial in the development of a methodological framework adapted to the specificities of the Portuguese industry. This framework proved invaluable in the process of mapping a conceptual planning and control architecture based on dynamical optimization onto the design of the IDES according to the recommendations of the strategic plan of ATMA. Concepts and techniques from control systems, dynamic optimization, software engineering, enterprise modeling and anthropocentric systems were used in this process.


ed by Louis Lauro, Ph.D. XLVIII, 2 April – June, 2002 "Free Associations/Associative Links" This issue of the Italian journal Rivista di Psicoanalisi is devoted to the general subject of free association. In discussing various meanings and aspects of free association, many of this issue's authors refer to the psychoanalytic field, a concept that has been developed and widely used by Italian psychoanalytic writers. The field concept is reminiscent of Kurt Lewin's field theory, a cornerstone of American social psychology. However, the psychoanalytic field differs from the Lewinian concept in its emphasis upon the interpersonal, the intrapsychic, and the interplay among interpersonal and intrapsychic forces. Among Italian psychoanalytic writers, the concept of the psychoanalytic field influences the view of psychoanalytic process. Thus, for them, other therapies, including group therapy and certain types of family therapy, are readily included under the psychoanalytic rubric. Bion's theories occupy a special place in Italian psychoanalysis and easily dovetail with the concept of the psychoanalytic field. As Grotstein notes in an article written for this issue of the Rivista (see p. 626 of these abstracts), Bion approached the subject of free association from the standpoints of both the analyst and the analysand; thus, both these viewpoints are part of the psychoanalytic field. As Editor of this issue of the Rivista, Claudio Neri has written an introduction defining the issue's aim of proposing a view of


This article analyzes the horizontal elasticity module of enhanced composite material of fiber by using series and parallel model and thinking of the geometrical shape of fiber.It obtains the calculating method of horizontal elasticity module about the fiber with square and circle cross section and it also analyzes the results.


We prove that if $G$ is a finite primitive permutation group and if $g$ is an element of $G$, then either $g$ has a cycle of length equal to its order, or for some $r$, $m$ and $k$, the group $G \leq \mathrm{Sym}(m) \textrm{wr} \mathrm{Sym}(r)$ preserves the product structure of $r$ direct copies of the natural action of $\mathrm{Sym}(m)$ on $k$-sets. This gives an answer to a question of Siemons and Zalesski and a solution to a conjecture of Giudici, Praeger and the second author.


The net area of mangroves in the Pioneer estuary (Queensland Australia) has declined by 22% (137 ha) since 1948 due to clearing, development, hydrological manipulations, and climate variation. Within the past decade, a severe species-specific dieback has additionally affected over 50% of remnant mangrove cover within the system. We predict this recent, rapid mangrove loss has increased erosion of estuarine sediments and pollutant s to nearshore waters. Quantifying historical mangrove changes in the Pioneer Estuary is the key for understanding potential threats to nearshore water quality. While manual digitization from aerial photography is suitable for mapping broadscale changes in mangrove distribution, this technique underestimates the total loss due to dieback. Regions of mangrove dieback can be mapped more effectively and efficiently by applying the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to Landsat satellite data. In change detection analyses from 1990 to 2000, 44 ha had "lower NDVI" (i.e. reduced canopy density) and 56 ha had "higher NDVI" (i.e. increased canopy density). This study illustrates use of change detection analysis as an important monitoring tool for mangrove habitat s in reg ions of heavy anthropogenic influence; its advantages include rapid processing time (hours), low data costs and high accuracy.


BackgroundIntramyocardial hemorrhage occurs frequently after reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction. However, its significance has not yet been established, mainly because of the lack ofmethods for detecting such hemorrhage. The following ex vivo study was carried out to assess the potential of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging to detect and quantitate postreperfusion intramyocardial hemorrhage. Methods and ResultsSixteen adult mongrel dogs underwent 3 hours of coronary occlusion followed by 1 hour of reperfusion, and three dogs underwent 4 hours of occlusion without reperfusion. Radiolabeled microspheres and 51Cr-labeled red blood cells were used to assess flow and evaluate the extent of hemorrhage. These results were later compared with both NMR and histology. Spin-echo NMR imaging was performed on the excised hearts using a 1.5-T system. Macroscopic assessment of the sliced myocardium revealed the existence of hemorrhage in 14 of the 16 dogs that underwent reperfusion but in none of those with occlusion only. In all 16 dogs with reperfusion, zones of increased signal intensity (SI) ratio (1.68±0.41 compared with control, p<0.05) were seen in regions relating to the distribution of the occluded coronary artery, whereas in 13 of the 16 dogs, areas of decreased SI within the zone of increased SI ratio (0.81±0.16 compared with control, p<0.05) were also seen, corresponding to regions with macroscopic hemorrhage. In contrast, in the three dogs without reperfusion, no macroscopic hemorrhage was observed, and likewise, no NMR zones of reduced SI were detected. Hemorrhage size by NMR (decreased SI zones), correlated well with hemorrhage size calculated from tissue slices (r=0.96, SEE=0.92%, p<0.0l), or by 51Cr labeling (r=0.78, SEE=1.5, p=0.1). In the reperfusion group, T2 relaxation times in the infarcted hemorrhagic zone (58±9 msec) were significantly lower than the infarcted zones without hemorrhage (98±13 msec, p<0.001). In contrast, when compared with control (964±72 msec), T1 relaxation times were significantly increased in both infarct zones, either with (1,284±176 msec) or without (1,266±103 msec) hemorrhage. The selective shortening of T2 relaxation times in the hemorrhagic regions is consistent with the paramagnetic effects of deoxyhemoglobin. ConclusionsNMR imaging may provide a noninvasive approach for the detection and quantitation of intramyocardial hemorrhage. This observation may provide a means to further characterize pathological processes associated with acute myocardial infarction and assess the role of myocardial hemorrhage after reperfusion therapy.


Hard metal castings are widely used in the coal mill pulverizer as construction material for coal crushers. During its operation crushers and mills experience degradation caused by abrasion load. This research dealed with the surface overlaying of similiar material on the surface of white cast iron by mean of gravity casting. The die blank casting was preheated prior to the casting process of outer layer made of Ni-Hard white cast iron to guarantee bonding processes and avoid any crack. The preheating temperature of die blankin ther range of 500C up to 850C was set up to reach the interface temperature in the range of 887°C -1198°C and the flushing time was varied between 10-20 seconds. Studies carried on the microstructure of sample material revealed a formation of metallurgical bonding at the preheating temperature above 625 °C by pouring temperature ranging from 1438 °C to 1468 °C. Metallographical and chemical composition by mean of EDS examination were performed to observed the resut. This research c...


The theory of quantum complexity determines when quantum computers may offer a
computational speed-up over classical computers. At present, there are only a few
general well-known techniques in the field of quantum computing and finding the
problems that are amenable to quantum speedups is a high priority. Nonetheless,
efficient quantum algorithms are very limited in number and scope; no real
breakthrough has yet been achieved in physical implementations. Most importantly,
these algorithms are not still matured adequately to be applied in real quantum
computations.
The Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) is the processor of quantum computer that is
able to do quantum computations. A typical component in QPU is a quantum device
that runs quantum algorithms; namely Quantum Algorithm Processing Unit (QAPU).
The focus of this study is developing a framework of QAPU and hybrid architecture
for classical-quantum algorithms. The framework is used to increase the
implementation performance of quantum algorithms. The framework shows a general plan for the architecture of quantum processor which is capable to run the
quantum algorithms. In particular, QAPU can be used as a quantum node to design a
quantum multicomputer.
A uniform platform was proposed for the QAPU used in the present study. At first,
the hybrid architecture was designed for the quantum algorithms. Then, the
relationship between classical and quantum parts of the hybrid algorithms were
extracted and the main stages of the hybrid algorithm were determined. Next, the
framework of QAPU was designed and developed. For this purpose, some gates and
connections were projected in the framework which could be applied for future
quantum algorithms. Furthermore, the framework was set up, implemented and
simulated for the existing quantum algorithms on a classic computer. The results
were shown that the framework is appropriate for the quantum algorithms and had
been mathematically proven.
Moreover, a quantum algorithm was designed to solve the shortest paths problem
between the two points in a network. Another quantum algorithm for a minimum
weight spanning tree in the graph was also designed. These quantum algorithms can
be applied to solve routing problem in the quantum networks and the quantum
multicomputer. The designed hybrid architecture and framework were tested using
the above quantum algorithms and the existing quantum algorithms. Implementing
and simulating results are then represented based on the probabilistic hybrid
algorithm in the case of linear array, binary heap and quantum search for dense and
sparse graphs.


The need to study the role of the teacher implies the exercise of a leadership style to achieve levels of good relationships, personal satisfaction, professional performance within the educational institution, for this in the study of the purpose of determining the relationship between the style of leadership (authoritarian, democratic and laissezfaire) and the entrepreneurial attitude of the teachers of the Educational Institutions of the RED N ° 8 Puente Piedra Lima, 2017. The research was developed according to parameters of quantitative research, nonexperimental design of the correlation level, with a population of 233 and sample of 145 teachers, the instruments used were two questionnaires with ordinal scale answers that were validated by experts whose reliability was carried out with alpha from cronbach, who gave us acceptable results. The results of the investigation were made through the Rho correlation coefficient of Spearman in the obtained correlation is r = 0.830, therefore it is concluded that there is a high positive relationship between the leadership style variables (authoritarian, democratic and laissez faire) ) and the entrepreneurial attitude of teachers.


Within the study of rock music, religion appears as a racial marker or a biographical attribute. The concept of religion, and its co-produced opposite, the secular, needs critical analysis in popular music studies. To inaugurate this work this article returns to the moment in singer-songwriter Bob Dylan's career that is most unmarked by religion, namely his appearance with an electric guitar at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival. Dylan's going electric became, through subsequent years of narrative attention, a secularizing event. "Secularizing event" is a phrase coined to capture how certain epochal moments become transforming symbols of divestment; here, a commitment writ into rock criticism as one in which rock emerged by giving up something that had been holding it back. Through a study of this 1965 moment, as well as the history of electrification that preceded it and its subsequent commentarial reception, the unreflective secular of rock criticism is exposed.


A Unified Model of Categorical Effects in Consonant and Vowel Perception Yakov Kronrod (firstname.lastname@example.com) Emily Coppess (firstname.lastname@example.com) Naomi H. Feldman (email@example.com) Department of Linguistics, 1401 Marie Mount Hall University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Abstract suggests that differences in the degree to which vowels and consonants are perceived categorically can be explained as parametric variations in a single underlying model. Our paper is organized as follows. First, we review evi- dence concerning categorical effects in consonants and vow- els, giving an overview of the types of explanations that have been proposed to account for these data. We then describe the model from Feldman et al. (2009) in detail, focusing on their results for vowel perception. In the subsequent section, we present simulations testing our extended model on two types of consonants, stop consonants and fricatives, to deter- mine whether a model built for vowels can also account for patterns in consonant perception. We conclude by summariz- ing our findings and discussing implications for theories of speech perception. Consonants and vowels differ in the extent to which they are perceived categorically. We use a Bayesian model of speech perception to explore factors that might cause this difference. Simulations show that perception of vowels, fricatives, and stop consonants can all be captured under a single model in which listeners use their knowledge of phonetic categories to infer the sound that a speaker intended. This suggests that the differences in the way we perceive vowels and consonants, when viewed at the computational level, can be explained as parametric variation within a single framework. Keywords: perceptual magnet effect; categorical perception; Bayesian modeling; computational linguistics Phonetic categories influence perception of speech sounds, with stimuli belonging to different categories being easier to discriminate than stimuli from a single category (Liberman, Harris, Hoffman, & Griffith, 1957; Kuhl, 1991). However, different types of sounds differ in the degree to which they are perceived categorically. At one end of the spectrum, perception of stop consonants is strongly categorical. Dis- crimination is little better than would be expected if listen- ers used only category assignments to distinguish sounds, and between-category differences are extremely pronounced (Liberman et al., 1957). At the other end of the spectrum, vowel perception is much more continuous, with some even arguing that vowels display no categorical effects at all (Fry, Abramson, Eimas, & Liberman, 1962). Researchers have used various mechanisms underlying speech perception to explain these differences. For example, differences have been proposed to stem from the way each type of sound is stored in memory (Pisoni, 1973) and to be re- lated to innate auditory discontinuities that seem to influence stop consonant perception (Pisoni, 1977; Eimas, Siqueland, Jusczyk, & Vigorito, 1971). However, the qualitative sim- ilarity of categorical effects in consonants and vowels sug- gests that in some ways these are also instances of the same phenomenon. This raises the possibility that perceptual dif- ferences among different classes of sounds are quantitative rather than qualitative. In this paper we explore these similarities and differences at Marr's (1982) computational level, looking at the optimal solution to the problem of inferring speakers' intended pro- ductions from the available acoustic information. We adapt a Bayesian model from Feldman, Griffiths, and Morgan (2009), in which listeners use their knowledge of phonetic categories to recover the sound a speaker intended. We show that an ex- tended version of this model can account for perceptual data from stop consonants and fricatives as well as vowels. This Categorical Effects in Speech Perception Categorical perception in stop consonants was first described by Liberman et al. (1957) as consisting of a sharp change in the identification function between different consonants, as well as a peak in the discrimination function at the location of the identification boundary. The authors proposed a model in which participants used only category assignments to deter- mine whether sounds were the same or different. If the sounds belonged to different categories, then participants would re- spond different; otherwise, they would respond same. By examining participants' identification functions, Liberman et al. could use this model to predict the extent to which par- ticipants should be able to discriminate each pair of sounds. Participants' actual discrimination performance exceeded the model's predictions only by a small amount, and the authors took this as evidence of a strong categorical component in stop consonant perception. Liberman et al.'s experiment fo- cused on stop consonants that differed by place of articula- tion, but similar findings have been obtained along the voice onset time (VOT) dimension as well (Wood, 1976). Descriptions of categorical effects in vowels have focused primarily on the perceptual magnet effect (Kuhl, 1991). This effect was originally proposed as a within-category phe- nomenon, characterized by sounds near category centers be- ing more difficult to discriminate than sounds near cate- gory edges, with an accompanying correlation between good- ness ratings and discriminability. There is disagreement over whether categorical perception and the perceptual magnet ef- fect are separate phenomena or different variants of the same phenomenon (e.g. Lotto, Kluender, & Holt, 1998). Some characteristics of the perceptual magnet effect are similar to


Objectives: The mechanism by which tumours escape the immune system has been becoming increasingly clear and is partly explained by the programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) pathway. This study aimed to investigate the prognosticsignificanceofPD-L1expressioninpatientswithsurgicallyresectedpul-monarymetastasesfromheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 28 patients who underwent surgical resection for pulmonary metastasis from HNSCC between January 2000 and December 2016. PD-L1 expression in the tumour cells was evaluated using immunohistochemistry (anti-PD-L1 antibody, clone SP263). High PD-L1 expres- sion was defined as>_50% of tumour cells with positive staining for PD-L1. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multi- variate analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of relevant clinicopathological variables. Results: The median follow-up period was 41 months. The patients were 23 men and 5 women with a median age of 66 years. The site of the primary tumour was the hypopharynx (12 cases), larynx (10), oral cavity (4), and others (2). 5-year overallsurvival (OS) rate metastasectomy and16.7% inthelowandhighPD-L1expres-sion groups, respectively (P ¼ 0.003). Univariate analysis that high PD-L1 expression,olderage(>_65years),andincompleteresectionweresignificantlycor-related with a shorter OS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high PD-L1 expressionwasindependentlycorrelatedwithashorterOS( P <0.001). Conclusions: High PD-L1 expression in pulmonary metastases is an independ- ent predictor of poor outcome in patients undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy of metastatic HNSCC. Disclosure: No significant relationships. Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary lobectomy can be associ- ated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as increased costs. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for AF following lobectomy. Methods: A retrospective study of 883 patients who underwent lobectomy at our institution between April 2010 and November 2016 was performed. The fol- lowing variables were considered in the analysis: age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities (interstitial pneumonia, emphysema, ischaemic heart disease, cerebral infarction, diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, presence of mental disorder), administration of steroid or anticoagulants, respiratory functions, arterial gas analysis, smoking index, ASA performance status, arrhythmia episodes, type of lobectomy, surgical procedure (open thoracotomy vs thoraco- scopic surgery), operating time, and blood loss. We divided our patients into AF group and non-AF group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were per- formed to identify whether any of the recorded parameters served as prognostic variables in the development of AF. Results: Of 883 lobectomies performed, 50 (5.7%) developed AF. Male (6.9% vs 3.5%; P =0.024), preoperative renal dysfunction (16.7% vs 5.2%; P =0.015), emphy- sema (7.9% vs 4.5%; P =0.038), high smoking index (975.2±92.7 vs 701.6±23.4; P =0.006), open thoracotomy (9.0% vs 4.4%; P =0.011), operating time (219.7±14.4 vs 190.6±2.46; P =0.007),and intraoperativebloodloss(476.6±107.8 vs256.9±14.6; P =0.001) were significantly higher in AF group. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative renal dysfunction (odds ratio (OR) = 2.68, 95% CI 1.02–7.34, P =0.0453), blood loss [2.39 (1.01-6.16), P =0.0423] and arrhythmia episodes [3.35 (1.37-8.19), P =0.008]areindependentriskfactors. Conclusions: Preoperative renaldysfunction,bloodlossand arrhythmiaepisodes are independentriskfactorsand a detailedmedical interview isimportant. Disclosure: No significant relationships. biomechanical study was performed in order to solve the enigma of the cause of spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: Free walls of apical lung blebs, removed during lung resection were exposed to focused air pressure of up to 3 bars. Three pressure increase set- tings were studied: inverse parabolic, linear and parabolic patterns with an upper limit of 5.0 secundum. The breaking points on the curves were regis- tered by PC-pressure valve interface. Specimens from 5 consenting patients were tested within 30min of removal. Results: Failures to resist pressure (FRP) values were registered: inverse parabolic: 2.2 SD: 0.2bar under 0.22-1.1 secs linear: 2.8 SD: 1.3 under 0.5-1.7 secs parabolic: 2.5 SD: 0.3bar under 1.9-4.2 secs. Pressure increase patterns did not influence FRP significantly, while extended increase pressure required sig- nificantly longer exposure ( t -test: P =0.05). Conclusions: No wall of pleural bleb was ruptured below 1.9bar (1900 water cm), an exceptionally high value in the context of the pleural space. Pressure-resistance of the bleb is independent of the time of the exposure. Our very basic approach confutes all existing mechanical explanation of pneumothorax aetiol-ogy. Thesenegativefindings leaveopenthe roomfora focal necrosistheory. Disclosure: No significant relationships. as a less invasive alternative of boronchoalvelolar lavage (BAL). We indicated BMS to collect ELF serially, and analysed chronological changes of cytokines in a canine lung transplantation model. Methods: ELF was collected hourly with BMS up to 5h after reperfusion in a canine model of left single lung transplantation. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)- c in ELF were measured by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. The data are presented as means ± standard deviations. Cytokine concentrations were compared between groups using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Serial collection of ELF by BMS in graft lungs was possible without apparent adverse effects, while PaO 2 was markedly decreased due to ischaemia-reperfusion lung injury. Amount of ELF absorbed in probes ranged from 1 to 20ml. Means of IL-1b levels were 931±2819pg/ml in graft lungs ( n =6) and 824±1500pg/ml in the sham group ( n =2), and there was no significant differences between the groups. Means of IL-6 levels were 71.3±116.2pg/ ml in graft lungs, and tended to be higher than that in the sham group (19.6±36.0pg/ml, P =0.16). Means of IFN- c levels were 306±441pg/ml in the graft lungs and 1246±957pg/ml in the sham group, and there was significant difference between the groups ( P <0.001). Conclusions: BMS method could be used to collect ELF serially on graft lungs minimally invasively on a canine lung transplantation model and chronological changes of IL-1b, IL-6, and IFN- c were shown to correspond to ischaemia-reperfusion lung injury. Disclosure: No significant relationships. Objectives: Lung transplantation is currently the only effective therapeutic option to prolong survival in patients suffering from several end-stage respiratory diseases. The ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is among the main causes of graft dysfunction and mortality after lung transplantation. In several animal models of damage, MSC have proved capable of repairing tissue damage by restoring the function. What is the MSC mechanism of action is not yet clear, but MSC may act by delivering biologically active signals to the cells around the injury and these paracrine functions could be mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this context, we hypothesized that the MSC-EVs could play a beneficial role in the ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: MSC-EVs were extensively characterized by electron microscopy, by nanoparticle tracking analysis, by flow citometry and by WB. The content of these microvesicles was assessed and we showed the presence of multi- ple anti-inflammatory and angiogenic transcripts including interleukin-10 and interleukin-6. In addition we developed an animal model of I/R injury. The institutional review board approved the study. After being anaesthe-tized and intubated, Wistar rats underwent posterolateral thoracotomy with subsequent clamping pulmonary hilum for 45min. After this damage, followed by reperfusion, MSC-EVs were administered endotracheally at 0- 24-48h. At 72h the animals were sacrificed. The animals were divided into different groups: sham rats ( n


Education,especiallyhigher education contributes much to the great development of South Korean economy.College students' recruitment system,as the precondition and guarantee for the development of higher-education,undoubtedly is the key to understand South Korea's education.This paper,through probing into the historical development of college students' recruitment system in South Korea after the World War II,tries to analyze the characteristics and development tendency of South Korea higher education and puts forward that those changes and tendencies display the inherent principles of higher education development,and also manifest the distinct political,economic and social characteristics in its development.


Commentary to: A preclinical 188Re tumor therapeutic investigation using MORF/cMORF pretargeting and an antiTAG-72 antibody CC49 Guozheng Liu, Shuping Dou, Stephen Baker, Ali Akalin, Dengfeng Cheng, Ling Chen, Mary Rusckowski and Donald Hnatowich


This study was examined in order to manage diversity by revealing the effect of a diversity climate on job satisfaction. The study was conducted with female participants working as blue-collar workers. In this context, 392 blue-collar female employees were reached. According to the results of the study, diversity climate has a significant effect on job satisfaction in the same direction. To put it more clearly, job satisfaction will increase with the increase in the diversity climate level of blue-collar women. In other words, job satisfaction levels will increase when blue-collar employees are treated more fairly by their companies, have a friendly working environment, and respect the opinions of the company regardless of race, language or religion. According to these results of the study, suggestions were presented to practitioners and academicians. In addition, within the scope of the study, the diversity climate scale was adapted into Turkish. In this implementation study, the cultural compatibility of the scale was analyzed with construct validity and concurrent validity according to scale variance structure and covariance relations. For reliability, internal consistency tests of the questions were made, and the education difference of the scale was calculated. As a result of all analyzes, sufficient evidence has been obtained that the scale is valid and reliable.


The symmetric α -stable (S α S) noise is commonly encountered in a vari-ety of applications such as wireless communications and image processing. In this work, combining the linear prediction property and (cid:3) p -norm minimization, a robust frequency estimator is devised for a complex sinusoid in the presence of the S α S noise. The proposed algorithm, based on the (cid:3) p -norm of the preprocessed linear prediction errors, can be regarded as the outlier-resistant version of the generalized weighted linear prediction frequency estimation approach. Computer simulations are conducted to contrast the performance of the proposed algorithm with three conventional frequency estimators. The results indicate that our method is robust to outliers and nearly optimal compared with Cramér–Rao lower bound.


The pH dependence of CO binding kinetics to Chelidonichthys kumu hemoglobin (Hb) and human adult Hb has been investigated between pH 2.0 and 9.0 at 20°C. For both Hbs, CO binding kinetics is characterized by two proton-linked transitions, with different pKa values for α- and β-chains in C. kumu Hb, leading to a relevant functional kinetic heterogeneity at most pH values. On the other hand, in human adult Hb the CO binding does not display a functional heterogeneity. Lowering the pH from 9 to 6 brings about a decrease of the CO binding rate constants, to a different extent for human adult Hb and the two chains of C. kumu Hb. Further lowering the pH from 6 to 2 induces an enhancement of CO binding rate constants, probably related to the protonation of proximal HisF8 Nε atom and the cleavage (or severe weakening) of the HisF8-Fe bond. The presence of physiological concentrations of ATP (≈3 mM) affects the pH dependence of CO binding kinetics to C. kumu. Moreover, the effect of temperature (between 8°C and 38°C) on CO binding kinetics has been investigated in the absence of ATP at different pH values. These results allow to interpret the functional kinetic heterogeneity of C. kumu Hb on the basis of different regulatory aspects in the α- and β-subunits, as suggested by structural considerations.


Summary form only given. Recently, the market for short wavelength laser diodes attracts many groups to focus on growing the GaN system material. However growing of GaN on GaAs substrates and processing of the devices concerned have to be carried out under the low temperature conditions of less than 800/spl deg/ C. So it's necessary to provide a highly activated nitrogen source for PA-MOCVD. By use of a homemade cavity-coupling ECR plasma generator-MEP to deliver activated nitrogens, excellent cubic GaN epilayers have been grown on [001]GaAs under low temperature(/spl sim/600 degree) and low pressure (/spl sim/1 Pa) by ECR-PAMOCVD. The experiment results showed that the initial nitridation of GaAs substrates and the growth of buffer layer are very important for the combination of the interface and the crystal quality of GaN. So one of the most important growth parameters is the chemical species in the nitrogen plasma,especially nitrogen radicals. The optical emission spectra of nitrogen plasma in MEP were investigated as functions of the operating pressure Po (or N/sub 2/ gas flow rate) and microwave power Pw. It was found that the quantity of nitrogen radicals were increased with Po and Pw, and the MEP plasma generator was a good candidate for growing cubic GaN.


In view of recent measurements of the mixing angle \theta_{13} a possibility to determine the difference of two CP Majorana phases of the neutrino mixing matrix from the study of neutrinoless double-beta decay is investigated. We show that in the case of the inverted hierarchy of neutrino masses it might be possible if neutrinoless double-beta decay will be observed. The required experimental accuracies and uncertainty in the calculated nuclear matrix elements of the process are discussed.


A PVC membrane procaine hydrochloride ion-selective electrode is prepared with ionic associate of procaine hydrochloride being the electroactive material and Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalateand dibutyl phthalate being the plasticizer. The electrode exhibited that the Nerstian response rang is 1.0×10~(-4) ~ 2.5×10~(-2) mol/L procaine hydrochloride concentration.Its slope is 56.6 mV/ΔpC and limits of detection was 3.16×10~(-5) mol/L. The pH of solution doesn′t affect electropotential. The electrode performance characteristics are studied, twenty common ions selectivity coefficients are determined,common negative ion and cation and organic solvent don′t interfere determination obviously .The method has been used to determine procaine hydrochloride sample with satisfactory results. RSD is 0.14%. The relative error of comparing with a normal method is 4.1%.


The large span spatial steel was used in chop manufactory of the Chengdu integrated circuit manufacturing project. Because the steel truss was of great importance and the span of the single one was large, the crane was difficult to cover the aerial platform. Overhead accumulative slip construction scheme was based on construction conditions of engineering site. This paper introduced construction process of slippage of unequal height and the selection of equipment and preparatory work before sliding. At the same time, in view of the special unequal height support of the project, the heavy and difficult points of construction were analyzed. The state of the structure in the sliding process and the possible adverse effects on the slip were analyzed in detail, and some suggestions were put forward. To ensure the safety and reliability of the slip construction scheme, the bending, synchronism and the stress of key member of the structure were monitored during the sliding process.


The article aims to assess the public health system response towards the health scenario of an indigenous community in Kerala in order to draw conclusions on the success level and gaps in the tribal health administration. The study is a qualitative exploration through in-depth interviews of stakeholders. The research highlights progress, strengths, deficiencies and barriers relating to the planning and implementation of health care administration in Attappadi tribal block. The major themes reflect on the healthcare administration in terms of evidence–practice gap, health literacy and participatory planning, status of healthcare interventions, and decentralisation. Various parameters of corrective actions for the improvement in the administration are also discussed. There is a necessity to improvise health interventions with the participation of tribal communities to derive sustainable solutions. Innovative and tailor-made programmes which rely on evidence-based, strength-based and collaborative approaches can improve the healthcare administration among the tribal communities.


Objective To offer the evidence of aircraft display interface design by testing the visual performance of colorful characters on black background.Methods One hundred and twenty subjects accomplished response tasks in choosing different type of the characters displayed on black ground.The response time and choosing accuracy rate were recorded and the effects of different character colors on individual's processing speed of figure,grapheme and Chinese characters were analyzed.Results When target stimulation respectively acted as figures,graphemes and Chinese characters individual's response time showed statistical significant differences on colors (F=8.854,5.330,8.002,P<0.01).Individual showed the fastest response to the light brown,fuchsia and red figures and to the fuchsia,green and skyblue graphemes comparing the fast response to red,skyblue,yellow,aqua,fuchsia and green Chinese characters.But there was no significant difference among the response time to above colors.Individual responded slowly to the blue color no matter to figure,grapheme or Chinese character.Furthermore,rank sum test also indicated the statistical significant differences of individual's response time to different color characters (x2=17.4,P< 0.05).Conclusions Color effects individual's characters processing speed.In order to ensure pilots' visual performance,red,sky blue and fuchsia colored characters on black background are suggested,and the blue,white and light purple characters should be avoided.

Key words:
Reaction time;  Color characters;  Date display;  Pattern recognition, Visual


Objective To investigate the expressions of Foxp3 and mutated p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Foxp3 and mutated p53 in tissues of 83 cases with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.The differences of two proteins were tested using t test for parametric data or using K-W test for nonparametric data. Results Foxp3 and mutated p53 expressions were positive in 59. 0%( 71 /83)and 61. 5%( 51 /83) cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,respectively. The expressions of Foxp3 and mutated p53 were significantly correlated with differentiation,depth of tumor infiltration and lymph node metastasis( P 0. 01),but not correlated with gender and age of patients( P 0. 05).There was negative correlation between the expressions of Foxp3 and mutated p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with a Spearman correlation coefficient of- 0. 474( P 0. 01).Conclusion The expression of Foxp3 and p53 protein is correlated with the poor prognosis and may serve as a prognostic factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.


Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs) of ions allow us to study photonuclear and two-photon interactions at energies above those available at fixed target accelerators. For heavy ions, the couplings are large enough so that multi-photon interactions are possible, and higher order corrections are expected to be significant. In this writeup, I present some recent UPC results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), and discuss some future prospects. I also draw parallels between UPC data and that expected at an electron-ion collider (EIC), and show how UPCs are a useful lead-in to EIC physics. This writeup is based on a talk at "Initial State 2014," (IS2014), with a focus on the newest results. One important result is that comparison of the RHIC (and LHC) results on coherent $\rho^0$ photoproduction show evidence for nuclear suppression, compared to a calculating based on $\gamma p$ cross-sections.


The effects of red (660 nm), blue (450 nm), red and blue mixed (Red : Blue, 3:1) light by illumination of light emitting diodes (LEDs) on growth, antioxidant activities and catalpol contents of in vitro plantlets of foxgloves (Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz) were examined. As a control, plantlets we...


When plants are during low temperature acclimation or under low temperature stress, some changes of membrane lipids in plant cells take place. The changes affect cold resistance and development of H Ⅱ phase. Of these changes, increase of phospholipid and desaturation of membrane lipids are greatly related to high cold resistance in plants. Increase of phosphlipid and decrease of cerebroside(CER) reduce the development of H Ⅱ phase during freezing stress.


To modify engine operation and reduce the tendency of the engine to knock or ping, a knocking signal is gener ated which is representative of knocking intensity and /or frequency of knocking occurrence, and compared with a permissible knocking signal. The result of the comparison is utilized to change an operating parameter of the engine, for example by injecting a fluid, e.g. wa ter, into the engine, changing charge pressure, for ex ample of a turbocharger or the like. The permissible engine knock signal can be modified in accordance with an engine operating parameter, for example at low ten perature, or low speed, the permissible knocking limit can be raised since the damaging effect of knocking at low temperature or low speed is less than under differ ent operating conditions.


Let Omega subset of R-N be an open subset, for a positive integer N, and let L subset of C circle times T Omega be a C-infinity -smooth locally integrable subbundle. We give a proof of the followin ...