Infections caused by Fusarium species are now the second most commonly reported mold infections in immunocompromised patients after Aspergillus species. Disseminated Fusarium infections occur most frequently in patients with hematologic malignancies and are associated with unacceptably high mortality rates. Optimal therapy is not well defined, especially in the setting of refractory neutropenia. Although polyenes are still considered the drugs of choice, they have relatively poor in vitro and in vivo efficacy. We report a case of invasive Fusarium verticillioides of the nasal septum in a gentleman with acute myelogenous leukemia who was successfully treated with posaconazole and review the literature regarding therapeutic options. (Infect Dis Clin Pract 2010;18: 71Y74) Infections caused by Fusarium species are now the second most commonly reported mold infections in immunocompromised patients after Aspergillus species. Disseminated Fusarium infections occur most frequently in patients with hematologic malignancies and are associated with unacceptably high mortality rates. Optimal therapy is not well defined, especially in the setting of refractory neutropenia. Although polyenes are still considered the drugs of choice, they have relatively poor in vitro and in vivo efficacy. We report a case of invasive Fusarium verticillioides infection of the nasal septum in a gentleman with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who was successfully treated with posaconazole and review the literature regarding therapeutic options. CASE A 59-year-old man with a diagnosis of AML, previously treated with 3 courses of decitabine and valproic acid, was admitted to our institution for chemotherapy. Admission laboratory data revealed a blood leukocyte count of 2500 cells/KL, with a differential of 12% neutrophils, 34% lymphocytes, 3% monocytes, 31% myeloblasts, and 20% prolymphs. Absolute neutrophil count was 260 cells/KL. Idarubicin and fludarabine were administered for 5 days followed by 1 dose of gemtuzumab on hospital day 8. The patient was not placed on antifungal prophylaxis. He rapidly became profoundly neutropenic with an absolute neutrophil count of less than 10 cells/KL for 8 days. He developed a temperature of 38.8-C on hospital day 13 associated with frontal sinus tenderness and bloody nasal discharge. Minimal erythema was noted around the peripherally inserted central catheter site. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the chest was unremarkable, and a CT scan of the sinuses revealed mucoperiosteal thickening of the ethmoid air cells bilaterally and a right frontal soft tissue density measuring 1.1 cm 0.6 cm. Vancomycin and ceftazidime were started, with resolution of his fever after 1 day of therapy. Three sets of blood cultures grew coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and the peripherally inserted central catheter was removed. The patient's sinus symptoms improved after 2 days of antibiotic therapy, except for a persistent painful area in the left nares. Examination showed a shallow ulceration of the nasal septum. Two days after this examination, the patient developed a temperature of 37.9-Cwith multiple new painful oral ulcerations on his hard palate and gingivae. The nasal lesion now had a raised mucoid appearance (Fig. 1). The patient's antimicrobial therapy was changed to meropenem, vancomycin, caspofungin, and acyclovir. The otolaryngology service performed a scraping of the nasal lesion that showed sparsely septate hyphae with both acute and right angle branching on potassium hydroxide stain. The culture on Sabouraud agar and potato dextrose agar grew a mold that produced canoe-shaped multicelled conidia characteristic of Fusarium species. Caspofungin was discontinued, and liposomal amphotericin (5 mg/kg every 24 hours) and voriconazole (200 mg twice daily after 2 oral loading doses of 400 mg) were started. Repeat CT scan of the sinuses was unchanged, but repeat CT scan of the chest showed several newly developed nodular densities in bilateral lung fields. Fungal blood cultures were sent. Herpes simplex virus culture of the oral lesions was positive for Herpes simplex virus type 1. The patient underwent surgical debridement of the nasal septum, and the histopathology showed invasive fungal hyphae consistent with Fusarium species. Given the patient's profound neutropenia, sargramostim was started and the neutropenia resolved on hospital day 30. Blood cultures showed no growth. The patient received 12 days of combination antifungal therapy and was discharged on hospital day 34 on oral voriconazole alone. A repeat bone marrow biopsy 5 days after discharge revealed 22% myeloblasts. A repeat CT scan of the chest showed improvement, but inspection of his nasal septum showed an area suggestive of recurrence of his infection. Biopsy of this area again showed hyphae, and Fusarium species grew on potato dextrose agar. The involved nasal septum was excised as well as the inferior nasal turbinate. The voriconazole was discontinued, and the patient was started on high-dose liposomal amphotericin (10 mg/kg every 24 hours) and posaconazole (400 mg twice daily). The patient developed acute renal failure within 3 days, and the liposomal amphotericin was discontinued. The patient was maintained on posaconazole monotherapy along with daily nasal amphotericin irrigation. A second cycle of chemotherapy CASE REPORT Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice & Volume 18, Number 1, January 2010 www.infectdis.com 71 From the *Division of Infectious Diseases, George Washington University Medical Center; and †Division of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC; and ‡Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Reprints: Marc Siegel, MD, Infectious Diseases Section, VA Medical Center (151B), 50 Irving St, NW, Washington, DC 20422. E-mail: marc. email@example.com. The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. Copyright * 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ISSN: 1056-9103 Copyright @ 20 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. 10 was initiated 4 days after readmission, and the patient again developed profound neutropenia lasting 20 days. During this period of neutropenia, there was no evidence of recurrent nasal disease. The patient was discharged home 30 days after admission to continue posaconazole indefinitely. The patient died 5 months later without any evidence of active fusariosis. The identity of the Fusarium isolate was confirmed by using molecular methods. Genomic DNA of the strain was extracted that was then used as a template to amplify the sequence of the ITSI + 5S rRNA + ITSII region of the rDNA by the polymerase chain reaction. Genus-specific primers amplified the 329-bp DNA fragment that is specific for the genus Fusarium. Nucleic acid sequence of the EF-1a gene was 100% match with the reference strain of F. verticillioides. Antifungal susceptibility testing was not performed on the Fusarium isolate. DISCUSSION Fusarium is a saprophytic filamentous fungus that is widely distributed in the environment including in soil, plants, and organic debris. The most common species causing invasive and disseminated infections in humans are Fusarium solani, which accounts for more than 50% of reported infections, followed by Fusarium oxysporum, F. verticillioides, and Fusarium moniliforme. Although infections in humans are assumed to be community acquired, Anaissie et al have shown that hospital water systems can be reservoirs for opportunistic fungi, and this can lead to nosocomial outbreaks of fusariosis, especially among immunocompromised patients. Fusarium verticillioides is among the more angioinvasive species of fusariosis and frequently disseminates. Unlike F. solani, which forms microconidia in wet mucoid masses, F. verticillioides forms microconidia in dry chains, making it more prone to airborne dispersal and infections in the upper respiratory tract. Fusarium species predominantly cause disease in immunosuppressed patients, but infections in an immunocompetent host can occur. These infections tend to be localized, such as keratitis and onychomycosis, but can also rarely cause locally invasive disease, including osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, peritoneal dialysisYassociated peritonitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, endocarditis, and brain abscesses. Among immunocompromised patients, those with hematologic malignancies, especially acute leukemias and those undergoing bone marrow or stem cell transplantation, are at highest risk of infection. Up to 70% of immunocompromised patients with Fusarium infections have disseminated disease with pulmonary, sinus, cutaneous, and hematologic involvement. Pulmonary involvement is reported in more than 80% of patients with disseminated disease, with findings ranging from patchy interstitial disease to nodules and cavities. Sinus disease, which is invasive and predominately affects the maxillary sinuses, is also seen in up to 80% of infected patients. The skin lesions, which are seen in up to 90% of infected patients, are painful and have areas of central necrosis. Unlike other disseminated mold infections, fungemia is present in 40% to 70% of immunosuppressed patients with fusariosis. The mortality rate is 50% to 80% in this population. Treatment of fusariosis involves a combination of aggressive antifungal therapy, immunotherapy, and surgical debridement of infected tissue. However, neutrophil recovery is the most essential element for patient survival, with mortality rates of up to 100% in immunosuppressed patients with persistent neutropenia. Kontoyiannis et al reviewed 42 patients with hematologic malignancies and invasive Fusarium infection of whom 71% failed antifungal therapy. All 19 patients with persistent neutropenia failed antifungal therapy, and all 19 patients died wi


This paper describes the design and implementation of an exoskeleton glove for infants of ages ranging from 12 months to 3 years. The glove is capable of assisting the patient in achieving a pincer grasp in active and passive modes of operation. It can record information about the hand movement, forces exerted by the fingers on the exoskeleton frame, and provide vibration stimuli to the finger tips. The data recorded by the glove can be used in early diagnosis of cerebral palsy among high risk infants. It can also be used as a standalone device for rehabilitation purposes. The hardware, software architecture and experimental validation of the system are outlined in this paper.


Objective:To investigate the association between the α-adducin(ADD1)G460W and eNOS(G894T)polymorphisms in patients with essential hypertension(EH)in mongulia population.Method:The genetypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific reaction enzyme analysis in 100 patients with EH and 50 healthy controls.Result:The frequencies of W allele and WW genotypes in EH were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.05).The frequencies of T allele and TT+TG genotypes in EH were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.05).Combined genotype analysis showed that individual with both WW genotype and TT,TG genotype in EH had a higher frequencies than those in control group(P0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that W allele and WW genotype were associated with EH(OR for W,1.78;95% CI 1.08,P0.05).Conclusion:The ADD1 gene G460W polymorphism and eNOS gene G894T polymorphisms are associated with EH in mongulia and a significant interaction is found between the ADD1 460 WW and eNOS894 TT,TG genotype.


Japan has moved so rapidly in the past 2 years to link islands of information in university and government laboratories that its science networks are now choked with traffic. While plans are in place for upgrades in speed and capacity, it's not clear whether the money available will be enough to keep up with the explosive growth.


Introduction Nitrogen fertilizer is a critical input for crop production and represents a major variable cost for several U.S. crops (especially corn and wheat).1 Farmers represent the end users in the fertilizer supply chain, and the prices they pay for fertilizer depend on a number of factors including local demand, product type, retailer markups, transportation costs, and the economics of fertilizer production.


Biblioteca Queriniana: that's the city library in Brescia, so called after its founder's name, Cardinal Angelo Maria Querini, bishop of Brescia between 1727 and 1755. The library was first opened in 1750 and it has been growing ever since. It is now the centre of a library system consisting of eight interconnected libraries scattered throughout the town. This library is quite well known for its collections of about 4000 manuscripts, as well as incunabula (4000 titles) and ancient books (250,000 titles) altogether. Its main building is part of the history of Brescia and cannot be altered. The more recent part of the complex, instead, has just been renovated and opened officially on 3rd February 2006. The basic idea was the combination of light and space, to remove barriers and improve the level of services to users on the three different floors of the building. Ground floor: first-hand services, such as distribution and on-line main catalogues. First floor: high-level services, such as Bibliographic Refence, both through on-line and printed special catalogues.


In this work, we study electron scale spreading of localized magnetic reconnection in the presence of a guide magnetic field, however, without the influence of ions and cross-scale coupling. These fundamental physics studies will help to understand the coupling of the electron scale spreading with the ion scales in real systems. An electron-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) model is employed to model the physics at electron scales. Three dimensional EMHD simulations and linear eigen mode analysis are performed for different guide field strengths. The simulations show a wave-like bi-directional spreading of magnetic reconnection at electron scales. The electron scale spreading, however, unlike the ion scale spreading by Alfven waves, is caused by the uni- and bi-directional propagation of the dispersive flow induced and whistler wave modes, respectively. The dispersive nature of the two wave modes makes the spreading-speed dependent on the wave numbers of the unstable tearing mode, which depend on the thickness o...


Shell Heavy Oil Fractionator (SHOF), types of distillation columns are often used as models in the application of advanced control, are examples that illustrate the dynamics of real plant from the process industries, especially petroleum refining industry. This thesis research analysis and simulation of control systems Shell Heavy Oil Fractionator column (SHOF) which is a multivariable system with three inputs and three outputs (Multi Input Multi Output). Interaction between subsystems is reduced by applying the method of Relative Gain Array and decoupling, so the system can be transformed into three Single Input Single Output (SISO). Control system uses Proportional Integral control (PI) and Proportional Integral Derivative control (PID). SHOF control system simulation can be concluded that decoupling eliminate the influence of input Top Draw on outputs Side End Point Composition and Bottom Reflux Temperature, influence of input Side Draw on outputs Top End Point Composition and Bottom Reflux Temperature, as well as the influence of inputs Bottom Reflux Duty on outputs Top End Point Composition and Side End Point Composition. The best results were obtained from the Top End Point Composition control using PID control Chien-Regulator 1, Side End Point Composition using PI control Minimum IAE-Murill Regulators, and the Bottom Reflux Temperature using PI control with closed loop time constant (Tcl) for 1.5 minutes. Keyword : Shell Heavy Oil Fractionator (SHOF), Relative Gain Array (RGA) , decoupling, PID control


Antecedents for interrole conflict between the teaching role and coaching role for the high school teacher coach (TC) were examined. It was expected that younger TCs, those in smaller schools, TCs with more coaching jobs, or TCs with an unbalanced role preference will experience more conflict between the teaching and coaching role. Using regression analysis, the results suggest that school size, age, role preference, and number of coaching jobs were significantly related to total interrole conflict. Surprisingly, the relationship between the number of coaching jobs and interrole conflict was negative, when it was hypothesized to be positive. Discussion of the impact of each antecedent is given.?


Abstract We report and review studies of new partially crystalline members of the high-Tc molecule-based magnets family, M(TCNE)2·x(CH2Cl2), (M ˭ Fe, Mn, TCNE ˭ tetracyanoethylene). Remanent magnetization revealed high critical temperatures, Tc = 97 K for M ˭ Fe and 75 K for M ˭ Mn. Hysteresis curves for the Fe compound, for 5 ≤ T ≤ 80 K, have a spin-flop shape, indicating ferrimagnetic behavior. Field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetization reveals magnetic irreversibilities below Tc for both compounds. Static and dynamic scaling analyses of the dc magnetization and ac susceptibility for M ˭ Mn show a transition to a 3D ferrimagnetic state at Tc = 75 K, followed by a reentrant transition, to a spin glass state at Tg = 2.5 K. For M ˭ Fe static scaling analyses are consistent with a high-T transition to a correlated sperimagnet, while below ∼20 K there is a crossover to sperimagnetic behavior.


Purpose
Innovations are vital tasks for modern two-sided platforms to grow and avoid defunct. How these two-sided platforms innovate to impact platform performance remains virtually unexplored in literature. The purpose of this paper is to classify two types of platform innovations – same-side and cross-side – and to hypothesize that their performance is contingent on platform monetization type, growth rate and user acquisition and retention costs.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors collected news announcements of 177 same-side producer-to-producer (P-P), 216 same-side consumer-to-consumer (C-C) and 284 cross-side producer-to-consumer (P-C) innovations from 30 two-sided platforms and used event study and econometric techniques in data analysis.

Findings
The findings reveal that same-side innovations cannot sufficiently lead to an impact on platform performance, while cross-side innovations are always beneficial. Same-side P-P innovations can affect platform performance positively on consumer-monetized platforms, whereas same-side C-C innovations can only do so on producer-monetized platforms. Besides, when platforms grow rapidly (slowly), cross-side (same-side) innovations strengthen platform performance. On platforms that are subject to higher (lower) user acquisition and retention costs, only same-side (cross-side) innovations can enhance platform performance.

Practical implications
This study provides actionable insights for platform practitioners to implement proper strategies to manage same-side and cross-side innovations based on the three platform attributes of platform monetization type, growth rate and user acquisition and retention costs.

Originality/value
This study offers the first systematic and empirical investigation of two-sided platform innovations by classifying them as same-side innovations for building capability in managing users and cross-side innovations for establishing capability in managing exchange, which are the two core capabilities for two-sided platforms to avoid defunct. This study further provides a contingency framework that is unique to the two-sided platform setting to study the performance impact of these innovations.


An electro-optic polymer guest-host system has been constructed and demonstrated. The polymer host is a polyimide (PIQ2200) and the guest chromophores are dimethyl (or diethyl) amino alkyl sulfone stilbenes. The alkylated-NLO moieties as guest chromophores have been modified, yielding new alkylated-NLO moieties. The higher content of alkylated-NLO moieties, compared to unmodified NLO moieties, was doped into a polyimide host system due to the improved solubility of new alkylated-NLO moieties. To the 40 wt%, the new alkylated- NLO moiety has been completely dissolved in the preliminary experiment, leading to the increase of refractive index by 0.0016. These polyimide-based guest-host systems exhibited a significant improvement in the thermal stability at high temperatures exceeding 250 degree(s)C. The electro-optic coefficient reported in the present study is 13 pm/V for the 40 wt% DASS-6- doped polymer system poled at the 135 V/micrometers . However, further increase up to 25 pm/V may easily be achieved by increasing the amount of guest moieties and/or the intensity of the poling field. This work presents new materials for photonic switching devices with low operating voltage.


This article brings attention to the need to introduce social sciences to the Global Environmental Change conversation in order to discuss the notion of the "Anthropocene" postulated by prominent natural scientists (Crutzen & Stoermer 2000; Crutzen 2002). The focus of analysis concentrates on and the way the local and the global are put into friction (Tsing 2005). If natural scientists have achieved to show the dangers Earth currently confronts, what is not yet clear is if they understand how human societies, the main driver of this geological era, work. They tend to consider humans as a specie, so they make a reductionist idea of humans as a compact unity, taking away our knowledge that teaches that they are "social" (Moore 2015). This article starts with a discussion about the apparent common understanding on the "global," by natural and social sciences. This article poses important challenges to social scientists, is critical toward the Anthropocene concept, and aspires to suggest critical thinking contributions on the global and its friction with the local. This article illustrates how, through the idea of the Anthropocene, Geology meets History in ways that are not easy to accept for social scientists because, they are right when they argue that the "anthropos" of the Anthropocene cannot be reduced to a "specie" because he/she is a socio-ecological entity.


Biomimetics offers excellent prospects for design a novel generation of improved biomaterials. Here we explore the controlled integration of graphene oxide (GO) derivatives with a 3D marine spongin (MS) network to nanoengineer novel smart bio-based constructs for bone tissue engineering. Our results point out that 3D MS surfaces can be homogeneously coated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of oppositely charged Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and GO. Notably, the GOPEI@MS bionanocomposites presented a high structural and mechanical stability under compression tests in wet conditions (shape memory). Dynamic mechanically (2 hours of sinusoidal compression cyclic interval (0.5Hz, 0-10% strain)/14 days) stimulated GOPEI@MS seeded with osteoblast (MC3T3-E1), showed a significant improvement in bioactivity, with cell proliferation being two times higher than under static conditions. Besides, the dynamic assays showed that GOPEI@MS bionanocomposites were able to act as mechanical stimulus-responsive scaffolds able to resemble physiological bone extracellular matrix (ECM) requirements by strongly triggering mineralization of the bone matrix. These results prove that the environment created by the system cell-GOPEI@MS is suitable for controlling the mechanisms regulating mechanical stimulation-induced cell proliferation for potential in vivo experimentation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


In view of the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the energy storage system has a delight development prospect. Due to the interference of new energy grid connection and load changes, the power system will present voltage fluctuations and other operating conditions. In order to cope with the complex and changeable power system network, it is necessary to test the operation of the energy storage system under fault conditions. In this paper, the PSCAD platform is used to model and simulate the energy storage system, and the simulation test is conducted for the High voltage ride through (HVRT)/ Low voltage ride through (LVRT) fault. The feasibility and accuracy of the model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the measured results, which provides a new direction for the energy storage system test.


The emerging data traffic demand has caused a massive deployment of network infrastructure, including Base Stations (BSs) and Small Cells (SCs), leading to increased energy consumption and expenditures. However, the network underutilization during low traffic periods enables the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to save energy by having their traffic served by third party SCs, thus being able to switch off their BSs. In this paper, we propose a novel market approach to foster the opportunistic utilization of the unexploited SCs capacity, where the MNOs, instead of requesting the maximum capacity to meet their highest traffic expectations, offer a set of bids requesting different resources from the third party SCs at lower costs. Motivated by the conflicting financial interests of the MNOs and the third party, the restricted capacity of the SCs that is not adequate to carry the whole traffic in multi-operator scenarios, and the necessity for energy efficient solutions, we introduce a combinatorial auction framework, which includes i) a bidding strategy, ii) a resource allocation scheme, and iii) a pricing rule. We propose a multiobjective framework as an energy and cost efficient solution for the resource allocation problem, and we provide extensive analytical and experimental results to estimate the potential energy and cost savings that can be achieved. In addition, we investigate the conditions under which the MNOs and the third party companies should take part in the proposed auction.


Using the data collected by the internal employee questionnaire, this paper innovatively uses the IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) model to construct a financial performance evaluation system for general power companies. In addition, based on some financial data of XX power supply bureau, this paper specifically analyzes its financial performance and operating status, and provide relevant rectification recommendations for its cost, income, assets and liabilities. It is expected to help power enterprise managers to accurately grasp the operation status of the enterprise, optimize the allocation of resources, and improve the management efficiency, so as to provide a useful reference for power enterprises to establish financial delicacy management system.


The present study was conducted to develop the automatic analytical method for determining moisture, nicotine, reducing sugar and total nitrogen contents and color(L, a, b) value in domestic tobacco leaves using near infrared(NIR) spectroscopy. The results of multiple linear regression analysis between chemical and NIR data showed that NIR spectro-scopy can determine those quality components of tobacco samples in 30 seconds, non-destructively. The results using developed calibrations are summarized as follows; The standard error of prediction(SEP) for moisture, nicotine. total nitrogen, reducing sugar contents and color(L, a, b) value in domestic tobacco leaves was 0.28%, 0.25%, 0.07%, 0.75%, 1.25, 0.44 and 1.07, respectively. In addition, The possibility of developing the cheaper filter type NIR instrument, for quality evaluation in the procurement from leaf tobacco cultivators and process control was investigated.


Current research works are majorly focused on the security importance and prevention measures in wireless sensor network (WSN). The survey of existing papers states that there are no efficient protocols for achieving secure and reliable peer authentication that ensures trust and confidentiality of the end‐users, as public administration worldwide invokes many maximized resources demanding transparency with security. Nowadays, a number of nations have started implementing smart city ideas; new technology should be used to safeguard various public administration services against corruption, intruders rendering an active part, and public transparency. By integrating blockchain (BC) technology with wireless‐based public administration process (WBPAP), the challenge of gaining trust, and eliminating corruption can be attained. Auto‐metric graph neural network (AGNN) approach is proposed for eliminating data tampering and malicious attack in the peer network. Trust, confidentiality, and integrity can be achieved using the proposed BC‐AGNN‐WBPAP‐WSN approach. The simulation of this model is activated in MATLAB, and its performance is examined using some performance metrics. Finally, the attained outcomes prove that the proposed method is the first wireless‐based public blockchain experimental method for public administration analyzed with theoretical methods.


A modified in situ oil-shale process, the Oxy process, has both economic and environmental advantages compared with aboveground processing. The Oxy process, which recovers a higher percentage of oil than do aboveground retorting processes, produces sufficient water for its operations, minimizing the effect on agricultural conditions in the semiarid land where the U.S. oil shale is prevalent. The reduction of the mining required will necessitate fewer people than does the equivalent production of shale oil from aboveground retorting processes. After three successful in situ retorting experiments under actual field conditions, Occidental has now constructed a commercial scale in situ retort, which has a cross sectional area approximately 14,400 square feet and a depth of over 250 feet.


Federation In certain categories of patients with end-stage heart failure (HF), short-term mechanical circulatory support (MSC) is successfully used as a mechanical «bridge» to heart transplantation (HTx). In predominantly left-ventricular (LV) dysfunction, the use of isolated coronary artery bypass, especially amidst high pulmonary hypertension (PH), seems to be a more physiological method of short-term MSC.Objective: to present the results of a series of clinical cases of the use of percutaneous left ventricular assist device (pLVAD) before HTx in potential recipients with predominantly LV dysfunction and concomitant high PH.Materials and methods. Three potential heart recipients with predominantly left-sided HF and high pre-transplant PH (pulmonary vascular resistance, PVR, 4.7–6.6 Wood units) who required MSC due to progression of hemodynamic disorders were included in the study. A standard venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannula (26 F) was used for percutaneous left atrial-femoral artery (LA–FA) bypass. The cannula was passed from the transfemoral route through the interatrial septum into the left atrial cavity. A paracorporeal centrifugal pump provided blood injection through a standard arterial ECMO cannula (15 F).Results. pLVAD unloaded the left ventricle effectively (PCWP reduced from 27–32 to 15–20 mmHg), reduced pre-transplant PH (mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) reduced from 45–53 to 28–33 mmHg) and improved systemic hemodynamics (cardiac index (CI) increased from 1.8–1.9 to 2.1–2.6 l/min/m2 and mean arterial pressure (mAP) from 56–59 to 70–75 mmHg). All these created the prerequisites for subsequent successful HTx. Against the background of pLVAD, transpulmonary pressure gradient (TPG) decreased from 15–25 to 13–15 mmHg, and PVR decreased from 4.7–6.6 to 2.7–3.4 Wood units. pLVAD flow rate was 2.9–3.8 L/min or 1.38–1.83 L/min/m2 at 4700–7100 rpm. pLVAD duration ranged from 4 (n = 1) to 7 (n = 2) days. All patients underwent successful HTx.Conclusion. pLVAD is a highly effective method of short-term MSC in potential recipients with predominantly LV dysfunction and concomitant high PH, leading to rapid regression of the dysfunction against the background of left ventricular unloading. This short-term MSC technique can be successfully realized using standard ECMO cannulas and centrifugal pumps of any modification, without requiring additional special equipment.


6 Graduate Student Platform Presentations Experimental inoculation of house flies, Musca domestica L., with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis serovar equi Marta Barba1, Allison J. Stewart1*, Thomas Passler1, Terri Hathcock2, Anne A. Wooldridge1, Manuel Chamorro1, Russell Cattley2, Jerome A. Hogsette3 and Xing Ping Hu4. 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, 2 Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, 3 USDA/ARS/CMAVE, Gainesville, FL, 4 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL *Corresponding author Introduction: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in horses causes three different disease syndromes: external abscesses, internal infection and ulcerative lymphangitis. The route of infection in horses remains undetermined, but transmission by insect vectors is suspected. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of the house fly (Musca domestica L.) as a vector of this disease, by optimizing the inoculation of the house fly with C. pseudotuberculosis biovar equi and determining its post-exposure survival time in the fly. Methods: To determine the optimal method for inoculation, sterile house flies were exposed to C. pseudotuberculosis using 3 different preparations of blood agar supplemented with dextrose for 10 different periods of exposure. The post-exposure survival time of C. pseudotuberculosis was investigated following 30 minutes of exposure of the flies to a blood agar plate colonized with the bacteria and moistened with 10% dextrose. Results: Heavy growth of C. pseudotuberculosis was recovered from fly homogenates after exposure of 10-minutes to 24 hours. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was isolated from homogenates of house flies up to 24 hours after a 30 minute exposure. Conclusions: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was readily transmitted to house flies. The protocol established can be used in experimental models to demonstrate the role of house flies as mechanical vectors in C. pseudotuberculosis infection in horses. The duration of the bacterial survival in the house fly is suggestive of the duration of the transmission period. Acknowledgments: Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. and Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Health and Disease Research Funds.


The objective of the work presented in this paper was to apply a method for handling two-phase reacting flow for prediction of pulverized coal combustion in large-scale boiler furnace and to assess the ability of the model to predict existing power plant data. The paper presents the principal steps and results of the numerical modeling of power boiler furnace with tangential disposition of the burners. The computational fluid dynamics/computational thermal analysis (CFD/CTA) approach is utilized for creation of a three-dimensional model of the boiler furnace, including the platen superheater in the upper part of the furnace. Standard k-e model is employed for description of the turbulent flow. Coal combustion is modeled by the mixture fraction/probability density function approach for the reaction chemistry, with equilibrium assumption applied for description of the system chemistry. Radiation heat transfer is computed by means of the simplified P-N model, based on the expansion of the radiation intensity into an orthogonal series of spherical harmonics. Some distinctive results regarding the examined boiler performance in capacity range between 65 and 95% are presented graphically. Comparing the simulation predictions and available site measurements concerning temperature, heat flux and combustion efficiency, a conclusion can be drawn that the model produces realistic insight into the furnace processes. Qualitative agreement indicates reasonability of the calculations and validates the employed sub-models. After the validation and verification of the model it was used to check the combustion efficiency as a function of coal dust sieve characteristics, as well as the impact of burners modification with introduction of over fire air ports to the appearance of incomplete combustion, including CO concentration, as well as to the NOx concentration. The described case and other experiences with CFD/CTA stress the advantages of numerical modeling and simulation over a purely field data study, such as the ability to quickly analyze a variety of design options without modifying the object and the availability of significantly more data to interpret the results. .


Aiming at the problems that the traditional CNN has many parameters and a large proportion of fully connected parameters, a image classification method is proposed, which based on improved AlexNet. This method adds deconvolution layer to traditional AlexNet and classifies the images by full connection layer. Using Cifar-10 data set to test the classification algorithm. The results indicate that the method not only reduces the number of parameters and parameters proportion of the full connection layer, but also improves the classification accuracy compared with AlexNet.


The harmonic phase (HARP) method provides automatic and rapid analysis of tagged magnetic resonance (MR) images for quantification and visualization of myocardial strain. In this article, the development and implementation of a pulse sequence that acquires HARP images in real time are described. In this pulse sequence, a CINE sequence of images with 1‐1 spatial modulation of magnetization (SPAMM) tags are acquired during each cardiac cycle, alternating between vertical and horizontal tags in successive heartbeats. An incrementing train of imaging RF flip angles is used to compensate for the decay of the harmonic peaks due to both T1 relaxation and the applied imaging pulses. The magnitude images displaying coarse anatomy are automatically reconstructed and displayed in real time after each heartbeat. HARP strain images are generated offline at a rate of four images per second; real‐time processing should be possible with faster algorithms or computers. A comparison of myocardial contractility in non‐breath‐hold and breath‐hold experiments in normal humans is presented. Magn Reson Med 50:154–163, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Tonight, I wish to speak to you about posture. Not posture in the context that we as physical therapists think of it. Instead, I would like to discuss how we as individuals mentally posture ourselves, how we collectively frame the posture of the Association in our efforts to express our mission and purpose to the public, and how the public perceives us and our Association.

Certainly, we and our Association face some pressing issues. Sound strategies must be developed or refined to tackle each of these. The House, the Board, the components, and our appointed groups continue to grapple with the best approaches.

My chosen theme on posture will reflect not the intricacies of our specific strategies, but an overall stance that should influence all that we do. To illustrate how we should mold this stance, let me use examples of two major items from our agenda.…


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to biotechnology and immunology. There are described antibodies and their functional equivalents specifically binding to RSV. Also, the invention refers to nucleotide sequences coding the above antibody, as well as to the cells producing antibodies, and to methods for producing the above antibodies. EFFECT: invention can be used in medicine. 23 cl, 4 dwg, 3 tbl, 4 ex


Abstract History Islamic culture is one of the religious lessons to know the development of Islam in the past. In studying the History of Islamic Culture more memorization. The learning process can affect the final results achieved by students. The singing method is an alternative way so that children quickly memorize and remember the material that has been taught. In the singing method can facilitate the teacher in the delivery of material, singing is a fun activity and loved by children so that children respond more quickly to lessons through singing. singing is a fun activity and is loved by children so that children respond faster to lessons through singing. The purpose of this study is to describe the effectiveness of children's memory in learning the History of Islamic Culture and the effectiveness of the bern method yanyi as an evaluation of students' memory. This study uses a qualitative approach. Procedure for collecting data using the observation method. after being given material with the singing method of Islamic Culture History, 83.88% was obtained. The conclusion of this study is that there is an increase in children's memory of Islamic Culture History subjects using the singing method. Keywords : Islamic Cultural History, Metode Singing, Children's Memory


Lee et al. ( 1 ) recently reported a positive association of heme iron intake and an inverse association of zinc intake with the risk of colon cancer among women who consumed alcohol. To examine these associations further, we analyzed data from the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort of 61 433 women who were aged 40 – 75 years and without cancer at baseline in 1987 – 1990 ( 2 ). Intake of heme iron and zinc was assessed at baseline and in 1997 using self-administered food frequency questionnaires. The data met the proportional hazards assumptions, and we computed rate ratios (RRs) using Cox proportional hazards models stratifi ed on age in months and calendar time. To reduce within-person variation and to best represent long-term diet ( 3 ), we used the baseline and the 1997 dietary intake measurements; in these analyses, the dietary data from the baseline questionnaire were used for follow-up from 1987 through 1997 and the average of dietary intakes from baseline and 1997 was used for the period from 1998 through June 2004. The Ethics Committees at the Karolinska Institutet (Stockholm) and the Uppsala University Hospital approved this study. During a mean of 14.8 years of follow-up, from March 1987 through June 2004, 547 women were diagnosed as having colon cancer. After controlling for potential confounders, we observed a statistically signifi cant positive association between heme iron intake and colon cancer risk ( Table 1 ) among women who consumed at least 20 g/week of alcohol (multivariable RR comparing top and bottom quintiles of heme iron intake = 2.29, 95% confi dence interval [CI] = 1.25 to 4.21). The comparable RR among women who consumed less than 20 g/ week of alcohol was 1.05 (95% CI = 0.74 to 1.48). A test for interaction between heme iron and alcohol in relation to colon cancer risk was statistically signifi cant ( P = .01). High consumption of red meat, the main source of heme iron, was also associated with an increased risk of colon cancer among women with an alcohol consumption of at least 20 g/ week; the multivariable RR adjusted for the same variables as in Table 1 except for heme iron was 2.85 (95% CI = 1.30 to 6.26) for women in the highest quintile compared with those in the lowest quintile of red meat consumption. When we included heme iron and red meat simultaneously in a multivariable model (Spearman correlation coeffi cient = 0.6), the RR comparing extreme quintiles was 1.78 (95% CI = 0.87 to 3.65) for heme iron intake and 1.93 (95% CI = 0.76 to 4.90) for red meat consumption. There were too few cases among women who consumed at least 20 g/week of alcohol to examine subsites in the colon. We found no statistically signifi cant linear association between zinc intake and colon cancer risk ( Table 1 ). Our fi ndings for heme iron and colon cancer are consistent with those from Lee et al. ( 1 ) . In that study, the RR of proximal colon cancer, comparing extreme categories of heme iron intake, was 2.48 (95% CI = 0.94 to 6.58) among women who consumed 1 to 9 g/day of alcohol and 7.20 (95% CI = 1.33 to 38.91) among women who consumed at least 20 g/day of alcohol. Lee et al. ( 1 ) did not control for red meat consumption.


Many image processing applications require fast convolution of an image with one or more 2D filters. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are often used to achieve this goal due to their fine grain parallelism and reconfigurability. However, the heterogeneous nature of modern reconfigurable devices is not usually considered during design optimization. This article proposes an algorithm that explores the space of possible implementation architectures of 2D filters, targeting the minimization of the required area, by optimizing the usage of the different components in a heterogeneous device. This is achieved by exploring the heterogeneous nature of modern reconfigurable devices using a Singular Value Decomposition based algorithm, which provides an efficient mapping of filter's implementation requirements to the heterogeneous components of modern FPGAs. In the case of multiple 2D filters, the proposed algorithm also exploits any redundancy that exists within each filter and between different filters in the set, leading to designs with minimized area. Experiments with real filter sets from computer vision applications demonstrate an average of up to 38% reduction in the required area.


【Objective】 The research is aimed at discussing the effects of SOCS3 on 3T3-L1 Lipoapoptosis.【Method】 With RNA extracted from mice adipose tissue as a template,SOCS3 was amplified to pMD18-T by RT-PCR and recombinant plasmid pMD18-T-SOCS3 was constructed.After sequencing,SOCS3 was amplified to pEGFP-N1 with pMD18-T-SOCS3 as a template and the eukaryotic recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-SOCS3 was contructed,after sequencing the pEGFP-N1-SOCS3.GFP under the fluorescence microscope is expressed and the expressions of SOCS3 mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and Western blotting was used to detect the change of apoptosis.【Result】 The recombinant plasmid pMD18-T-SOCS3 and pEGFP-N1-SOCS3 are qualified to be right by sequence identification in genbank;Lipofectamine group and SOCS3 group show that GFP is expressed under the fluorescence microscopy;SOCS3 mRNA and protein in the cells detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting express significantly(P0.05).The apoptosis of SOCS3 group increased significant after Hoechst 33258 staining;Compared with the control group,SOCS3 group significantly increased apoptosis,the mRNA expression level of Bax and c-myc gene was significantly increased(P0.05),while bcl-2 and mcl-1 was significantly decreased(P0.05).【Conclusion】 SOCS3 can promote fat cell apoptosis.


We conjecture a formula for the spectral form factor of a double-scaled matrix integral in the limit of large time, large density of states, and fixed temperature. The formula has a genus expansion with a nonzero radius of convergence. To understand the origin of this series, we compare to the semiclassical theory of"encounters"in periodic orbits. In Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity, encounters correspond to portions of the moduli space integral that mutually cancel (in the orientable case) but individually grow at low energies. At genus one we show how the full moduli space integral resolves the low energy region and gives a finite nonzero answer.


This is a report on marriages, births, and deaths in Germany in 1995. Comparisons are drawn between the former East and West Germany. A continuing increase in marriage age is noted, as is an increase in the age of mothers. Life expectancy continues to increase as well.


We report transmission electron microscopy studies of dislocation structures in two lattice‐mismatched III‐V systems, InxGa1−xAs (0≤x≤0.53)/GaAs and InxGa1−xP (0≤x≤0.32)/GaP, grown by gas‐source molecular beam epitaxy. Multiple dislocation‐loops, extending from within a linearly graded buffer layer to deep inside the substrate, were observed in both systems. All dislocations in each set of loops consisted of 60° dislocations with the same Burgers vector on a similar {111} glide plane. The density in the graded buffer and the substrate was estimated to be 2×109/cm2, and their appearance was associated with low threading dislocation densities and good optical quality in material grown on top of the buffer layer, InP/In0.53Ga0.47As on GaAs or In0.32Ga0.68P on GaP.


In this paper, an evaluation was made on the performance of two of the most commonly used optimization algorithms, which are the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and the Genetic Algorithm (GA). In this case, average time of execution is compared, executing the algorithm using the original code on the traditional processor against the modified algorithm where certain processes of the algorithm are integrated into the video card. These changes demonstrate a significant improvement in execution time. On the other hand a graphical interface was made for each one of the optimization algorithms to facilitate the process of handling the parameters.


Since Beryx mollis Abe, 1959 was described from Sagami Bay, Honshu Island, Japan, it has been regarded as a junior synonym of B. splendens Lowe. Comparison of specimens of Beryx from Japan revealed that B. mollis is a valid species and distinguished from B. splendens in having the following characters: fewer dorsal fin rays (12-13 vs. 13-15); fewer pyloric caeca (15-20 vs. 27-36); deeper body (39.0-43.2 vs. 33.9-41.0 as*of SL); larger eyes (13.8-15.9 vs. 10.6-14.1 as*of SL); and longer pelvic fins (24.133.2 vs. 19.8-27.8 as*of SL); oval-shaped posterior nostril (vs. slit-like); stronger ctenoid scales. Known distribution of B. mollis is restricted to southern Japan from Sagami Bay to the Ryukyu Islands.


Abstract Mood disorders place substantial clinical, social and economic burdens on individuals with the disorders, as well as on their families and wider society. At the same time, the scarcity of healthcare resources necessitates the efficiency of alternative treatments to be examined. Economic evaluations of the seemingly expensive SSRIs have tended to suggest that they are cost-effective compared with tricyclics due to better clinical outcomes and reduced hospitalizations. However, a third generation of antidepressants may bring new cost concerns. The high cost of psychological therapies may mean that they are only cost-effective for particular sub-groups of patients, as suggested by recent NICE guidelines.


A scheme to achieve all-optical cascaded ion acceleration driven by intense laser pulses is proposed, where a series of segmented tubes are used. First, the high-flux ion beam is produced via collisionless shock acceleration in the first tube segment driven by an intense picosecond laser, and then undergoes successive post-accelerations in a cascaded manner via magnetic vortex acceleration driven by low-power terawatt-femtosecond lasers when it propagates through each subsequent tube segment into the vacuum gaps between them. By controlling the delay of the femtosecond lasers as well as the vacuum gap between the tube segments, not only the maximum energy of the ion beam can be boosted, but also its energy spectrum can be tuned to be quasi-monoenergetic. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that the maximum energy of the primary proton beam, produced by the picosecond laser at intensity 8.8 × 1019 W cm−2, can be boosted from 123 to 181 MeV with only two post-accelerations by using 100 fs lasers at the same intensities.


Atom probe tomography assisted by femtosecond laser pulses has been performed on a Ni(Pt) film on (100)Si. Two phases with different compositions were found to form during deposition at room temperature: a NiSi layer with a relatively constant thickness of approximately 2nm and a particle of Ni2Si. The shape of the Ni2Si particle is in accordance with nucleation followed by lateral growth formation. This confirms the growth model deduced from calorimetric measurement of silicides and intermetallics and from atom probe tomography studies of the Al∕Co system. A nonuniform redistribution of Pt was also observed.


In recent years research in super-resolution imaging has resulted in improved algorithms and efficient implementations for image reconstruction and image registration from multiple low resolution aliased images. However, a number of problems remain with respect to performance measures and models of noise, measurements, and image sources. As the density of pixels in typical commercial cameras has steadily increased, it is no longer safe to assume that the resolution spot size of the optics is significantly smaller than the individual pixel sensor size. In addition, the smaller sized pixel sensors typically have a higher noise level which degrades performance of reconstruction algorithms measured by PSNR or MSE. Other performance measures may be better suited to detection applications in which the source model is sparse. This paper explores the use of steerable sub-imager arrays with controlled overlapping fields-of-view to strategically reduce noise as well as increase resolution for improved detection of structures in a continuous source model.


CH. R. JOHNSON † , J. M. PE˜ NA ‡ , AND T. SZULC § Abstract. In estimating the largest singular value of an n-by-n complex matrix, a prior result (2) shows that it is attained at one of n(n 1) sparse matrices in the equiradial class. Here, circumstances are identified under which the set of possible optimizers can be further narrowed. The results used to show this may be of independent interest.


Abstract: Abstract
The study focused on the perception of farmers on agricultural sub-sidy as a democratic dividends, in Ebonyi State. The area of the study is Ebonyi State of Nigeria. Ebonyi is one of the states in the South-East of Nigeria. The design of the study is descriptive survey design. The population for the study is 673 farmers in Ebonyi State. The sample for the study was one hundred and eighty farmers (180) drawn from five farming areas, (Rice farmers, cassava farmers, piggery farmers, maize farmers, fish farmers). The researchers developed an instrument called democratic dividend in Ebonyi as perceived by farmers in agricultural sub-sidy questionnaire. (DDEPFASSQ). The instrument was validated by three experts, one in measurement and evaluation in the department of science Education and two in technology and vocational education in agricultural Education of the Faculty of Education, Ebonyi State university-Nigeria. The internal consistency of the instrument was tested using crown back Alpha reliability coefficient, which yielded 0.76. That was good enough for the study. The instruments were administered on the farmers with the help of two Research Assistants. The data collected was analyzed using yes and No, simple percentage that expresses the value of yes and No from the responding farmers. The result revealed that agricultural sub-sidy is not given to five farming areas (Rice farmers, cassava farmers, piggery farmers, maize farmers, fish farmers) in Ebonyi State. Majority of the respondents maintain that they have not experienced any of the sub-sidy. It revealed that governments have not been giving enough supports to farmers with the needed sub-sidy for more food production in the state. It was recommended that government should give farmers needed assistant in the area of Agricultural sub-sidy as dividends of democracy to improve their level of production.


Context. Direct detection of exoplanets requires imaging in a highly dynamic range and exquisite image quality and stability. Wavefront error (atmospheric errors, manufacturing errors on optics, cophasing residuals, temperature variations, etc.) will limit the efficiency of this endeavor by creating various flavors of speckles that evolve with different timescales. Active wavefront-error correction using a deformable mirror requires measuring the wavefront aberrations in the science image with high accuracy and in a shorter time than the duration of the dominant speckle lifetime.
Aims. The self-coherent camera (SCC) is a focal plane wavefront sensor exploiting the coherence of light to generate Fizeau fringes in the image plane to spatially encode speckles. The SCC combines a coronagraph and a modified Lyot stop to which a reference channel is added. The conventional SCC is restricted to long-exposure measurements because the light transmitted through the reference channel is limited. The SCC can correct quasi-static aberrations but precludes short-lived atmospheric aberrations from the measurement.
Methods. I propose an alternative to the conventional SCC that I call the fast-modulated SCC. It uses a simplified Lyot stop design and an adequate Fourier filtering algorithm. The theory is established and confirmed by means of numerical simulations.
Results. The SCC theory dictates that the separation between the classical Lyot stop and the reference channel must be larger than 1.5 times the Lyot stop diameter. The fast-modulated SCC allows for the reference channel to be placed anywhere, in particular in the vicinity of the pupil where the maximum of diffracted light is found. This alternative represents a complete game changer for the sensor: full compatibility with any type of coronagraph, easy installation in existing instruments, and versatility by accessing short- and long-time exposure measurements.
Conclusions. While the conventional SCC can almost not be implemented in existing instruments because the optical beam footprint in the instrument must be wide enough to illuminate the reference channel, which is often seen as a significant shortcoming, the fast-modulated SCC does not require any constraint on this. The fast-modulated SCC also relaxes the high sampling requirement to resolve the fringes, which is usually incompatible with the observation of fainter targets because the fringes are larger. The fast-modulated SCC simultaneously counteracts the two original shortcomings of the SCC concept.


The problem of dephasing channel discrimination is addressed for finite-dimensional systems. In particular, the optimization with respect to input states without energy constraint is solved analytically for qubit, qutrit and ququart. Additionally, it is shown that resorting to side entanglement assisted strategy is completely useless in this case.


We investigate ground-state positronium formation cross sections in e C -H2 scattering using simplified second-order perturbative Born series. The second-order angle- integrated capture cross sections are also found to be in very good agreement with the experimental results of Fromme et al and Diana et al in the energy region E> 65 eV. Present second-order differential cross sections show a qualitative difference over the first-order results and agree well with the recent measurement of Tang and Surko at 80 and 100 eV. In the laboratory, the hydrogen molecule, along with a few heavier atoms . 64 Cu; Ar/ ,i s widely used as a target for sources of the positronium (Ps) beam. Positronium, the particle- antiparticle bound state and the isotope of the hydrogen atom, interacts more intimately with matter and is now extensively used as a vital probe in the surface study of solids and ionic crystals (Brookhaven National Laboratory), in the study of transport properties of positrons in tokamak fusion plasma (San Diego group) and in other different branches of physics and chemistry. Angular distribution of Ps formation is an essential parameter in tuning a Ps beam as a probe. A large number of elaborate theoretical calculations have been performed in the study of the capture process in positron-atom scattering vis-` a-vis a large number of experimental studies that have also been performed on positron-atom and positron-molecule scattering (Fornari et al 1983, Griffith 1984, Fromme et al 1988, Diana et al 1986). But the theoretical study of positron-molecule scattering is rare and is restricted to only first-order calculations (Sural and Mukherjee 1970, Ray et al 1980, Bussard et al 1979, Biswas et al 1991a, b). As the capture process is regarded as a multivertex process, at least a second-order theory is needed to have a reliable prediction for the capture parameters in a molecular target. Considering all these facts we investigate Ps formation in e C -H2 scattering using a simplified second-order Born series. Multicentredness of the molecular target is the main stumbling block in performing any quantal calculation on it. In the elastic scattering amplitude for e- diatomic molecule collisions a two-centred integral appears in the amplitude. The inclusion of Ps formation adds one more centre to the problem. Moreover, due to the multicentredness of the molecule, one is required to perform an averaging over the molecular orientations, i.e. integration over two more dimensions. These are the probable reasons for the scarcity of calculations even with the simplest molecule, H2. To the best of our knowledge, this paper will be the first estimate with a second-order term for Ps formation in a molecule. In other words we demonstrate a possible way to incorporate the second-order term for the capture cross sections in positron-diatomic molecule scattering.


Tree spirits are ancient and wise, offering healing magic, wisdom and insight. This introduction explains the types of tree spirits and how to work with tree spirits.


Copyright is a challenging subject area for instructors to ensure compliance with, and discerning it in the fair use of online instruction materials can be daunting. A clear definition of fair use under the Copyright Act and a helpful mnemonic to determine the four factors of it are discussed as well as open educational practices. These contribute to a thought process for instructors to make informed decisions about the use of copyrighted or open education online instruction materials with practical strategies and additional recommended technology tools to help.


There was once a time when major social legislation was usually preceded by a broadly representative commission of inquiry, which conducted careful investigations, presented the arguments on all sides and made balanced recommendations. Some time before the present Government, the blue books began to be replaced by glossy products in which image-makers market government ideology with a highly selective use of facts. These modern products are still curiously called 'White Papers' to distinguish them from the 'Green' or consultative variety. The Report of the Standing Advisory Commission on Human Rights (SACHR) on Fair Employment in Northern Ireland, in its blue covers, is a refreshing return to the Victorian values of objective social inquiry and of seeking a consensus for reform. The SACHR, broadly representative of the Protestant and Catholic communities and (at the time of this Report) including academic experts such as Dr J. C. McCrudden of Lincoln College, Oxford was set up under section 20 of the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973 to advise government on the adequacy and effectiveness of the law in preventing discrimination on the ground of religious belief or political opinion. The present review of the legislation was begun in January 1985 and published in October 1987 after an impressive programme of research and consultation. The SACHR commissioned the Policy Studies Institute (PSI) to examine the extent and nature of the differences between the Protestant and Catholic communities in Northern Ireland, to investigate policies and practices at the workplace, and to research the perceptions and views of the people in Northern Ireland on matters such as inequality and discrimination.2 These showed that, despite ten years of anti-discrimination legislation (in the form of the Fair Employment (Northern Ireland) Act 1976 (FEA 1976)), there were still massive inequalities between the


1
Introduction

2
Preparation of Oligocyclobutanoid Systems

3
From Rigid to Flexible Oligo- and Polymeric Cyclobutanes

Keywords:

oligocyclobutanoid systems and preparation;
cyclobutane ring system and ring-formation processes;
Ladderane annulation;
cubanes, fenestranes, ladderanes, prismanes, staffanes;
oligocyclobutanoid system preparation;
oligocyclobutanoid compounds;
polymers and cyclobutane-containing monomers;
highly fluorinated cyclobutanes - a unique chemistry


The rework process of Ceramic Column Grid Array Component is introduced, and some key attentions to the rework process of CCGA have been put forward. The Canonical rework does little damage to PCB and components,and improves the long term reliability of products.


In laboratory experiments, pigeons (Columba livia) have shown to categorize a variety of visual stimulus classes. Our aim is to investigate which aspects of the class members pigeons employ for successive discrimination. Recently, we found that the pigeons' ability to discriminate between photorealistic frontal images of human faces on the basis of sex, was predominantly based on information contained in the visual texture of the images rather than in their configural properties. The subjects' substantial failure to utilize the shape information contained in human faces was surprising. However, in these experiments we only used static images, so an important attribute of natural stimuli was excluded: parallactic motion. At least in humans motion is one of the most efficient cues for shape perception.


This paper forcasted the supply of processing equipments of scrap steel in 2009,and introduced the equipments' current production scale,sorts,function,relative use and research. It demonstrated the future of the processing equipments and suggested that there would be a large development space for the equipments which are economical,environment-friendly,and adaptive to Chinese demand.


Navane (thiothixene) is a new, potent thioxanthene psychotherapeutic agent with clinical usefulness which parallels or exceeds that of most phenothiazine drugs. It is a major new antipsychotic agent. Navane (thiothixene) is effective in the management of acute or chronic schizophrenic patients either in a hospital or an outpatient setting. Particularly notable is the ability of the drug to improve alertness and increase the degree of purposeful effort and activity in chronically ill, apathetic psychotic patients. Patients in whom prior therapy has failed may respond significantly to Navane (thiothixene).


Introduction . Algae . Macrophytes . Heterotrophic microbes . Invertebrates . Riverine fishes . Food webs and species interactions . Detritus processing . Primary production . The sampling problem . Responses of aquatic biota to hydrological change . Prediction of biological responses.


"DEDICATED - Case Studies in Diffraction Imaging and Interpretation" We apply a diffraction imaging technique based on the Hybrid Radon Transform in the dip-angle domain to the 2D North Viking Graben seismic data set. Diffractions in this case correspond to seismic response from a fault system and rough reflection boundaries. The constructed diffraction image allows us to locate faults which are not clearly visible in the conventional reflection seismic image.


Ways to foster increased study of the early evolution of the Earth, considering the planet as a whole, were explored and recommendations were made to NASA with the intent of exploring optimal ways for integrating Archean studies with problems of planetary evolution. Major themes addressed include: (1) Archean contribution to constraints for modeling planetary evolution; (2) Archean surface conditions and processes as clues to early planetary history; and (3) Archean evidence for physical, chemical and isotopic transfer processes in early planetary crusts. Ten early crustal evolution problems are outlined.


[A] comparative study [shjould not aim at finding 'analogies' and 'parallels', as is done by those engrossed in the currently fashionable enterprise of constructing general schemes of development. The aim should, rather, be precisely the opposite: to identify and define the individuality of each development, the characteristics which made the one conclude in a manner so different from that of the other. This done, one can then determine the causes which led to these differences. Max Weber1


or affection of the nasal nerve or affections o ganglion, are given with great care. i-nnwn nr inflammatory condition of the sinuses, eit'e tcctioii unknown to the patient and often difficu|t drQme by the surgeon is or has been present. T of nasal ganglion neuroses is gone into at great length and Sluder would have us believe that such diverse conditions as writer's cramp, diarrhoea, glossodynia, photophobia, earache due to cancer of the larynx, corneal ulceration, abdominal pain and a host of other conditions may appear as symptoms due in some way to an affection of the nasal ganglion. No satisfactory explanation is, however, given for these various manifestations of disease in this neighbourhood. The ganglion is treated either by painting with 2%_ silver nitrate or by injections of phenol-alcohol. The injection method, however, has its dangers. The internal maxillary artery is in close relationship with the ganglion and a case is recorded where the carotid had to be ligated for bleeding from this source. Apparently trouble from haemorrhage is negligible for Sluder says, " The number of bleedings in my experience has been few." Other dangers appear to arise from the alcohol reaching and paralysing the oculomotor, abducens and even the optic nerves, but as Sluder also tells us that "As is well known the anatomy varies


P1 plasmids segregate into daughter Escherichia coli cells via "a highly dynamic process involving no fixed cellular location," according to Stuart Austin and his colleagues at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in Frederick, Md. Further, it depends on a self-correcting mechanism to assure that each daughter cell receives a full plasmid copy. The research findings are published in the March Journal of Bacteriology (192:1175–1183).


The term "halal tourism" is indeed recognized in Indonesia, nonetheless, its pros and cons are happening. Unlike any other non-Muslim countries such as Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Taiwan, and Thailand, which tend to have less conflict between tourism stakeholders regarding the development of halal tourism, the rejection occurs in Indonesia as a country with a Muslim majority population. The rejection culminated in 2019 as a political year along with the presidential elections. The rejection of halal tourism occurs in tourism destinations such as Bali, Labuan Bajo, Toba, and Toraja known as the Muslim minority population area. Based on those issues, this study uses a qualitative approach to investigate the rejection reasons from the tourism stakeholders, to provide theoretical clarification on the stigma against halal tourism, and to analyze how halal tourism branding policy in tourism destinations. The result shows that the rejection of halal tourism by the tourism stakeholders was due to concerns that there would be a change in the destination's image. To prevent prolonged debate and possible social conflict, the Indonesian government can use another term that sounds more moderate and acceptable for tourism stakeholders in non-Moslem destinations. The use of the halal label as a destination brand should also be made by each local tourism authority so that tourism policies taken are not only top-down but also bottom-up.


The current phenomenon in the world of politics is flooded with families of politicians who run for politics. Where the next cabinet will be dominated by young people. On the other hand, a young politician, although included in the scope of a political dynasty, shows that young people are not politically apathetic. And to continue to exist in the world of politics, personal branding is needed where every candidate for politicians must build a name or reputation which means creating a "brand" or public perception of them. Bobby Nasution as one of the candidates for the mayor of Medan 2020 tries to create positive personal branding among the people of Medan. This study aims to determine how the public opinion on the personal brand of the 2020 Medan Mayor Candidates. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study were the people of Tanjung Selamat Subdistrict, Medan Tuntung District, with 100 people as the sample in the study. Data collection techniques in this study were observations and questionnaires (questionnaires). Data analysis in this research is a single table analysis. This research was conducted in the environment III Tanjung Selamat, Medan Tuntung District. When this research was conducted in July 2020. The results of the study, namely personal branding, aim to obtain perceptions that give rise to a positive reputation for the individual. But in fact, the personal brand Bobby Nasution tends to be less than optimal in the Tanjung Selamat Community. This research concludes that Bobby Nasution's brand as a candidate for Mayor of Medan in 2020 raises public opinion and raises the pros and cons of society.


Because of its typical tropic and subtropical climates,e.g.long-lasting high temperature and various ecological population distributions,there are alga blooming hazards,prevention and predication technologies in this region.In this paper,32 experiments have been done using raw water from subsurface water at Dashahe Reservoir of Guangdong Province.Under the controlled initial conditions,different nutrient concentration,light intensity,water depth and pH values,algae were cultivated within a designed micro-cosmos.Based on the change of the algae population,models of algae growth are established.The results indicate that the growth models all have a similar exponent function style,only parameters varies individually.So,it proposes a meaningful growth model in lag phase and log phase,importantly,which can offer references to construct a comprehensive model afterward.


This paper presents a case report of a patient suffering from seasonal affective disorder, which has been associated with a parallel seasonality of substance use disorder (heroin and alcohol).


Introduction of interface layers can maximize the performance of certain organic solar cells. We demonstrate that high efficiency non-fullerene acceptor based solar cells can be further improved with the insertion of PC70BM as an interlayer between the electron transport layer and the active layer. The combination of ZnO and PC70BM layers between a cathode and a bulk heterojunction active layer appears to serve as a better selective contact by reducing charge transport barrier and recombination. The enhanced short-circuit current density (JSC) is characterized by a low series-resistance (<2 Ω cm2), improved charge collection efficiency, and power conversion efficiency. These features are reflected in impedance spectroscopy and electrical noise measurements and provide a route for large-area organic solar cells.


In recent years, the high rate of conversion of wetlands for agriculture has raised environmental concerns in Uganda. A study was therefore conducted to identify issues that need to be addressed if communities are to continue deriving livelihoods from wetland agriculture, without causing stress to the wetlands of Lake Victoria basin. This was done by conducting household surveys and focus group discussions in two of the districts that border Lake Victoria. Wetland agriculture was found to be a significant source of livelihoods for resource poor communities, contributing over 60% of the household income. Farming was mainly done at a subsistence level. The study found that socio economic factors, poor farming practices and weak policies were contributing to the rapid conversion of wetlands. Concerted efforts need to be made by government institutions to sensitize communities on conservation of wetlands. Some of the policies need to be harmonized to avoid
contradictions. Alternative sources of livelihoods must be created to ensure socio economic benefits and environmental conservation. Keywords : Wetland agriculture; Sustainability; Livelihoods; Uganda. Journal of Agriculture and Social Research Vol. 8 (1) 2008: pp. 78-88


Abstract : The report presents a detailed discussion of the anlytical technique used for the SM-1A core 4 design studies. The report gives background information of core 4, followed by a summary of the results obtained. The nuclear analysis, steady-state thermal-hydraulic behavior and transients accompanying certain types of accident situations are presented in subsequent chapters. (Author)


The rural Electricity Supply Board (ESB) distribution system consists of 5500 km of (arc suppressed) 38 kV network feeding 320 38/10 kV substations ranging in capacity from 2 MVA to 10 MVA. The rural 10 kV network is operated with its neutral isolated from ground and consists of more than 18000 km of three phase, three wire backbone lines which feed a network of more than 54000 km of two phase, two wire lines. A strategic decision has been undertaken to prevent and minimise outages. The author looks at neutral treatment and lightning prevention to prevent outages; prevention of transient faults; and causes and effects of permanent faults. >


includes rail for vehicle seat of the type comprising a male profile (7) and a female profile (6) defining at least a first compartment (8), are arranged in the rolling means to slide along a relative displacement of the male and female profile to allow a longitudinal direction. The track includes, inter alia, at least one runner (10) disposed in the first compartment (9) and slidably mounted relative to one of the male and female profile, the runner comprises at least one first rigid portion (11) having a shape which is substantially complementary to that of the first compartment in order to provide contact zones with the male profile and the female profile when the rail undergoes a first deformation.


The cathodoluminescence of single crystals of CuInSe2 obtained by melt‐grown and iodine chemical transport was studied. As‐grown crystals and crystals annealed in Se, In, or in a vacuum were used. We show the emission intensity decreases when the conductivity changes from n to p and then increases due to the decrease of the number of donors created by Se vacancies. We also show that two donor levels (60 and 80 meV) are introduced by the Se vacancy probably associated with impurities, and that the cation (probably Cu) vacancy causes an acceptor level at 40 meV. Another acceptor level is also determined, having a binding energy ≳80 meV.


Evidence for a proposed structure for the conjugate acid of sydnones has been obtained from n.m.r. spectra of 3-phenyl- and 3,4-diphenyl-sydnone in strong acid media.


Based on the first numerical investigation of Skylon [1] the present analysis deals in
detail with further possibly problematic areas of Skylon. The main focus is in the
detection of shock-shock interactions and their consequences with respect to high
local temperatures on the surface. In this context, different possibilities to reduce the
high thermal loads are analysed. Furthermore, the influence of the corrugated
aeroshell is investigated in order to assess heating rates on the corners for different
flow conditions.


Bio-heat transfer Pennes equation was solved by the finite element method(FEM)realized by Matlab program.Under the simulated condition of vein vessel,temperature response of vein was gained by the effect of 810nm GaAl As semi-conductor laser.Then,the cure effect of laser therapy in varicosity was estimated and the animal experiment was carried on.


A series of Ti-, Ti-Ni-, and Ti-Co-doped spinels were synthesized by sintering the mixture Ti-doped electrolytic manganese dioxides, LiOH·H2O and dopant. In the voltage region of 4.6 to 2.5 V and 1C current, the charge-discharge experiment shows that Ti-doped spinels sintered at 600℃, spinels without doping sintered at 600 ℃ and 750 ℃, exhibit a initial capacity of 205, 189 and 207 mAh/g, respectively. And also exhibit a initial capacity of 175, 135 and 126 mAh/g after cycled and stored for 3 months at charged state and the average capacity attenuation ratio in each cycle of 40-cycle was 0.4 %,1.1 %, 1.3 %, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry experiment shows the titanium dopant obviously improves the reversibility of charge-discharge reaction. Raman analyses show that the Ti dopant enhances Mn-O bond at charged state over the samples without cycling or without doping. XRD data exposure that the Ti doped spinel sintered at 600 ℃ possesses a cubic structure and its a axis is 0.824 2 nm. Therefore,Ti dopant can improve the reversibility of charge-discharge reaction and storage performance.


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to the use as inhibitors of novel benzimidazole, enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) for producing the preparation and pharmaceutical polymerase or PARP (EC 220.127.116.11).


This study attempts to uncover carok, a tradition used as a solution to overcome problems related to the humiliation of a man's honor in the Madurese. This homogenous society believes that dying would be better than living enduring shame. It seems that carokbecomes a socio-cultural fate for the Madurese, which is a means to express their ethnological destiny. Despite several efforts to prevent carok, such tradition keeps existing. It means that the affirmative legal instruments fail to provide a solution. Therefore, reconstructing the legal culture of the Madurese based on Pancasila's values to overcome the problem is proposed to be an alternative. This research has three objectives that are to find out:(1) Why the Madurese choose carok as a final solution (2) What the effects of using carok are (3) How to reconstruct the Madurese legal culture based on Pancasila's values to avoid carok. The study concludes that (1) Carok is chosen because it is a social norm gaining social supports; (2) The effects of using carok are that there are participants who (i) agree, (ii) disagree (iii) agree on carok in the case of humiliation of the wife's honor only (iv) there is a hope to have powerful generations and there are increasing roles of the local elites (3) The construction of the Madurese legal culture can be achieved by (i) emphasizing the roles of parents and the local elites (ii) influencing people's perspective that vigilante justice is harmful (iii) building legal awareness and operating a type of the informal justice systems (IJS) named Lembaga MusyawarahAdat (LMA) to overcome carok and other social problems.


Oil consumption indexes of MTU model Power Generator Units installed in Holguin Province were evaluated. The data was measured using different statistical comparisons, The results provided a useful experimental information to organize and evaluate lubricants consumption. This analysis is also a very important tool for differential diagnosis of the technical state of main parts of internal combustion motors. Units featuring high deviations in oil consumption were detected and the causes of those deviations were investigated


Social governance is the most typical col le ctive behavior in all the human behavior system. Therefore, It is sure to stress and even publicly declare its own values in activities. The domination-oriented mode of social governance stresses the value of order. The management-oriented mode of social governance stress the value of equality and efficiency. Public ad ministration places the value of service at a core position. The value of servic e is subject to the category of the value of ethics and contains scientific cont ents.


The present invention relates to a column assembly for a gas chromatography. Column assemblies for gas chromatography, which is cooled by a fluid and comprising a capillary column, a heating element for heating at least a portion of the capillary column having a cavity and in contact with the conduit at least one capillary column and the heating element. When energized, the heating element to raise the temperature of the capillary column. In order to reduce the temperature of the capillary column, the flow of fluid through the conduit, and heat is transferred from the capillary column into the fluid conduit.


: Uranium, as an important resource for the sustainable development of mankind in the future, is plentiful in reserves. With the deep understanding of the unique electronic structure and properties of uranium, the resourcing and potential applications of uranium have gained extensive attention. This review summarized the application of uranium in organic synthesis and its development tendency, which mainly includes the organic conversion catalyzed by uranium (valence +4 and +6)


Contents Acknowledgments 1. Introduction 2. When: History 3. Who: Identity 4. What: Recognition 5. Why: Rethinking Universals and Particulars 6. Where: Multiple Publics 7. How: Minoritizing and Majoritizing Notes References Index


The standard account of the beginnings of American mass communication research holds that the propaganda critic between the world wars adopted the European concept of the mass audience, treating messages as "magic bullets"; directly and powerfully infused into passive receivers. Such a mythical account overlooks the progressive reformist mission of propaganda analysis to help an essentially competent public against the new co‐option of communication channels by powerful institutions. The magic bullet myth emerged after 1940 when social scientists turned from domestic to extra‐hemispheric threats to democracy and sought a consensus that propaganda was democracy's servant against fascism and communism.


This work was carried out in the framework of my PhD thesis and aims to present the strategic analysis of McDonald's. The thesis is divided into three sections. In the first part, it provides general information about the fast focusing industry. In the second part of the paper are presented data and information about McDonald's. The third part analyzes the strategic analysis of the company both in the external environment and in the interior, and finally, some general conclusions are drawn.Strategic analysis of a company is necessary for itself to make good decisions as well as for an outside investor who wants to decide whether to invest in the company.


(±) 3-(6-Nitro-2-quinolinyl)-[9-methyl-11C]-3,9-diazabicyclo-[4.2.1]-nonane ([11C-methyl]NS 4194), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), was synthesised within 35 min after end of bombardment with a radiochemical purity >98%. It had a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 7% after preparative HPLC, and a specific radioactivity around 37 GBq/μmol (EOS). A typical production starting with 40 GBq [11C]CO2 yielded 800 MBq of radiolabelled [11C-methyl]NS 4194 in a formulated solution. The synthesis of the precursor to [11C-methyl]NS 4194, (±) 9-H-3-[6-nitro-(2-quinolinyl)]-3,9-diazabicyclo-[4.2.1]-nonane, as well as the unlabelled analogue (±) 9-methyl 3-[6-nitro-(2-quinolinyl)]-3,9-diazabicyclo-[4.2.1]-nonane (NS 4194), are also described. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Creeping eruption is a migratory linear cutaneous trail. In addition to hookworm‐related cutaneous larva migrans (HrCLM), other diseases can also be revealed by this sign.


The present study (i.e. the first study in Iraqi waters) identified the causes of reproduction and excessive growth of the jellyfish, which locally known as thagolol, of the type (Catostylus perezi) in the region of Shatt Al-Basrah canal - west of Basrah city. The reproduction and excessive growth of jellyfish occurs in many estuaries and coastal areas in the world, which is a recurring global problem in the context of climate change. The conducted study was included measurements of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, pH, temperature, nitrates, phosphate, quality and quantity of phytoplankton during the dominant of :the northwest winds; the neap tide and during a full tidal periods in October of 2018 and March of 2019. The results showed that there were thrive of jellyfish by huge numbers in Shatt Al-Basrah canal. The physical; chemical and biological causes (i.e., the local causes), were identified, namely: (1) salinity, (2) water column temperature stratification in the context of climate change, (3) an excessive increase in the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate, (4) abundance of phytoplankton (i.e. dinoflagellate), including Protoperidinium sp. and Alexandrium sp.; and (5) overfishing. Hence, the absence of any of these factors will lead to the absence of this type of jellyfish.


The study seeks to understand which elements related to the process of appropriation of information are facilitated and supported by data visualization. Based on the understanding that appropriation of information encompasses the transmission of information and its learning by the user, the visual representation of the data, through graphic resources, assists in this process by synthesizing the information content in a clear manner, thus reducing abstractions. The study is based on a bibliographic survey of an explanatory character, trying to bring reflections on the importance of visualizing data in the process of appropriation of information.


A single nucleotide polymorphic sequence (SNP) in the trnL-F intergenic spacer region of chloroplast DNA that discriminate Musa acuminata (AA) cytoplasm from Musa balbisiana (BB) cytoplasm has been found. This mutation was initially amplified using a pair of universal primers and converted into dCAPS (derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) markers. Using these markers in combination with flow cytometric analysis, 'Pisang Klutuk' (syn. 'Pisang Awak') was found to be a triploid ABB cultivar (not a wild BB accession as previously classified). A 15-bp long deletion was also found within the trnL-F spacer sequence of M. acuminata subspecies banksii. This mutation will be useful as a specific marker for the cytoplasm derived from this subspecies. These maternally inheritable chloroplast DNA mutations discovered in this study are vital for better understanding the origins of banana cytoplasm to clarify the lineage of banana cultivars and the contribution of wild progenitors to cultivated types.


Biological as well as geological research has made very successful use of the qualities that the physicists have detected in radioactive substances. Outstanding examples for the vast new fields opened in this part of the border-land between the disciplines of geology and physics are the "radio-thermal geology" [July, 1909, see 1 of "References" at end of paper] and all that is connected with the use of the radioactive disintegration clock, for the age-determination of rocks and minerals [2].

In structural geology, not unlike to recent biological uses of radioactive material, their "tracer" properties were helpful. Changes in Radon concentration in soil-air, especially accumulations, led to hidden crevices and fault-zones. High contents of Radon in spring-water gave clues as to the types of rocks they had flowed through [3, 4]. One specific application of the small admixtures of radioactive material, however, has only lately found some attention and that is their use in linking beds of sedimentary strata otherwise only poorly identified because of the lack of fossils or other characteristic properties. To be useful for this purpose, two conditions have to be fulfilled; (1) The amount of radioactive material per unit-weight of rock in a given horizon should be uniform over a large area; (2) this same amount should change fairly rapidly in the vertical succession of layers.


There are always bad blocks in NAND Flash, which puts the data reliability at risk, and comes up with a higher requirement for the storage system management. In this paper, a new bad block management algorithm for a spacecraft solid state recorder has been presented with higher reliability and less response time. Software is responsible for the normal address assignment, while hardware allocates the substituted address immediately a bad block appears. TheTriple Modular Redundancy (TMR) is adopted to strengthen the reliability of the Bad Block Table (BBT). There are three copies of the bad block table in the Central Processing Unit (CPU) memory Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), and a simplified copy in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). One simplified copy in the FPGA ram decreased the response time. To further improve system reliability, the address allocation algorithm is optimized and simplified. The algorithm has been tested in a four-pipe-line and 32-bit parallel extended solid state recorder. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, London.


Soil moisture plays a key role in global water cycles. In the study, soil moisture retrievals from airborne microwave radiometer observations using a single-frequency algorithm were presented. The algorithm is based on a simplified radiative transfer (tau-omega) model and the influence of both the roughness and vegetation is combined into a single parameter in the algorithm. The microwave polarization difference index (MPDI) is used to eliminate the effects of temperature. Then soil moisture is obtained through a nonlinear iterative procedure by making the absolute value of the differences between the simulated and observed MPDI minimum. The algorithm was validated with aircraft passive microwave data from the Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR) at the Arizona during the Soil Moisture Experiment 2004 (SMEX04). The results show that the soil moisture retrieved by the algorithm is in good agreement with ground measurements with a small bias and an overall accuracy of 0.037m3m−3.


The characteristics of acidic polysaccharides extracted from Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm were investigated and its hepatoprotective effects on alcoholic liver injury were determined in the mice model. A carrot polysaccharide (CPS‐I: Carrot polysaccharide‐I) with the molecular weight of 3.40×104 kDa was isolated from Daucus carota L. and purified by diethylaminoethyl‐52 and Sephadex G‐150 column chromatography. The components were analyzed by HPLC, which revealed that CPS‐I consisted of galacturonic acid, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, fructose, and galactose at a relative ratio of 1 : 3.16 : 1.13 : 5.53 : 3.45 : 7.76. Structural characterization analysis suggested that CPS‐I was mainly composed of →6)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→ and →5)‐α‐L‐Araf‐(1→. The hepatoprotective effect of CPS‐I was evaluated by alcoholic liver injury mice model.


Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common public health problem and has a significant impact on cardiovascular disease, mortality and increased hospital costs. Also, AKI can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, early diagnosis is very important for AKI. Serum creatinine (SCr) is a well-known biomarker in the diagnosis of AKI. However, changes in SCr levels are insufficient in early diagnosis so, new biomarkers are needed. Because of that, the search for biomarkers for the early detection of AKI is an ongoing process. In recent years, early diagnosis, prognostic and predictive biomarkers have been discovered to replace or support SCr in the diagnosis of AKI. New biomarkers can help early diagnosis and effective management of AKI. Since there are many biomarkers, when and under which condition these biomarkers should be used cause confusion. In this review, we aimed to construct and ease to use classification of these AKI biomarkers and summarize the current literature. We have divided the biomarkers into two main categories: renal and non-renal origin. Then, we have classified the biomarkers of renal origin as glomerular, tubular and unknown renal site. We have also described the clinical use of these biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Biomed Rev 2020; 31:


The article summarizes the results of a long-term study of the aboriginal flora in the Kokmansky Nature Reserve. Most of its territory is covered with forest communities, mainly pine ones. Its flora is not rich and has 408 native species of vascular plants belonging to 220 genera and 74 families. 41 rare species of vascular plants were found in the territory of the Kokmansky Reserve, some of them are included in the regional Red Book (18 species) and one species – Dactylorhiza traunsteineri– is listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. In addition, we have classified as rare the species included in the Appendix in the regional Red Book (14 species) and rarely found in the territory of the republic.


We introduce the notion of balance for directed graphs: a weighted directed graph is α-balanced if for every cut S ⊆ V, the total weight of edges going from S to V∖ S is within factor α of the total weight of edges going from V∖ S to S. Several important families of graphs are nearly balanced, in particular, Eulerian graphs (with α = 1) and residual graphs of (1+є)-approximate undirected maximum flows (with α=O(1/є)). We use the notion of balance to give a more fine-grained understanding of several well-studied routing questions that are considerably harder in directed graphs. We first revisit oblivious routings in directed graphs. Our main algorithmic result is an oblivious routing scheme for single-source instances that achieve an O(α · log3 n / loglogn) competitive ratio. In the process, we make several technical contributions which may be of independent interest. In particular, we give an efficient algorithm for computing low-radius decompositions of directed graphs parameterized by balance. We also define and construct low-stretch arborescences, a generalization of low-stretch spanning trees to directed graphs. On the negative side, we present new lower bounds for oblivious routing problems on directed graphs. We show that the competitive ratio of oblivious routing algorithms for directed graphs is Ω(n) in general; this result improves upon the long-standing best known lower bound of Ω(√n) by Hajiaghayi et al. We also show that our restriction to single-source instances is necessary by showing an Ω(√n) lower bound for multiple-source oblivious routing in Eulerian graphs. We also study the maximum flow problem in balanced directed graphs with arbitrary capacities. We develop an efficient algorithm that finds an (1+є)-approximate maximum flows in α-balanced graphs in time O(m α2 / є2). We show that, using our approximate maximum flow algorithm, we can efficiently determine whether a given directed graph is α-balanced. Additionally, we give an application to the directed sparsest cut problem.