The most common motor disability that is caused due to a progressive brain injury or lesion in childhood is known as Cerebral Palsy (CP). It is primarily an infirmity of posture and muscular tone that occurs as a result of an injury to the developing brain like hypoxia which is non progressive in nature. The history of CP dates back to 1843 where Sir William John Little was credited with its first description. He also coined the term 'cerebral palsy' in 1889. Census from around the world in population-based studies reports that overall birth prevalence of CP is approximately two per 1,000 live births. CP results in impaired motor function thereby affecting the overall oral health. Hence, awareness regarding the care and treatment of these patients amongst dentists is imperative. This review aims at studying the various aspects of CP as well as highlighting the role of the dentist in the treatment of the patients suffering from this condition. It also provides information regarding the implications of CP on dental health.


Nowadays, Wireless communication with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has become extremely popular thanks to their flexible deployment and higher chance of line-of-sight (LoS) links to ground users. Despite the several advantages of using UAVs as flying base stations, still a number of technical challenges arise, including energy limitation. This encourages researchers to investigate the energy optimization challenges. In this paper we consider a finite network of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) acting as base stations and serving a number of ground wireless users that are deployed according to a homogeneous Poisson Point Processes (PPP), each user with infinite buffer storage. We derive the coverage probability expression as well as the arrival rate for each user. We address the activity energy optimization problem aiming to enhance the coverage and rate performance of our proposed scenario. To facilitate simulations for such UAV systems, this article presents a realistic mobility model for a UAV movement emulation. Detailed description of this mobility model and it's associated movement patterns are characterized. Interesting throughput-energy trade-offs have been concluded theoretically and also with some numerical results.


Addresses current issues regarding the restoration and maintenance of historic gardens in England, and in particular the 'skills' crisis that is affecting all levels of the industry. The direct labor system disintegrated in the mid-1990s, resulting in the cancellation of skilled workforces in the public sector as well as their apprenticeship system, adding to already existing difficulties of recruitment and training in this important sector of national heritage. England's main organization responsible for land-based industries (Lantra) has recently identified specialized skills associated with historic gardens, an important first step towards ensuring the future development of the profession along with other fields such as environmental conservation and management. Topics covered include: knowledge and skills specific to historic gardens; training requirements, provisions and recent improvements; and recommendations for the future.


Simple Summary Beef is in great demand in many countries. Consumers are more inclined to buy beef with good tenderness, color, flavor, and healthy fatty acid composition. Beef that has been aged is often more suitable for cooking and processing. A research gap exists regarding the analysis of meat quality during the aging process in Yunling cattle, a new hybrid beef cattle bred by Chinese researchers. This study measured a set of indicators of Yunling beef and other two breeds as controls (Simmental cattle, an excellent beef cattle breed used around the world, and Wenshan cattle, a local beef cattle breed in southern China), including the pH, water loss rate, cooking loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force, myofibrillar fragmentation index, inosine 5′-monophosphate, color, and fatty acid profiles. In addition, some growth performance and carcass characteristics were determined. The results showed that the pH, water holding capacity, growth performance, and carcass traits of Yunling and Simmental cattle were basically the same and better, respectively, than those of Wenshan cattle. Aging time had no effect on beef fatty acid composition, with Yunling beef showing a healthier fatty acid profile versus the other two breeds. With increased aging time, the tenderness and color of Yunling beef became more suitable for cooking and sensory characteristics. Therefore, this study suggests that Yunling beef should be used for cooking and processing after aging. Abstract The beef aging process is essential for compliance with certain major requisites, such as sensory characteristics for cooking and meat processing. Meat quality analysis of Yunling cattle, a new hybrid beef cattle bred by Chinese researchers, during the aging process, represents a major research gap. To explore Yunling beef initially, indicators associated with meat quality during the aging process of Yunling, Simmental, and Wenshan cattle were measured. In addition, some important economic traits were detected in the three breeds, including growth performance and carcass characteristics. The results showed that the growth performance, carcass traits, pH, and water holding capacity of Yunling and Simmental cattle were basically the same and better, respectively, than those of Wenshan cattle. The proportions of individual fatty acids in Yunling beef were healthier than in the other two breeds. Aging time did not affect the fatty acid profiles of the beef (p > 0.05). The contents of certain fatty acids in the three beef types displayed some differences in terms of days of aging (p < 0.05). The tenderness and meat color were better in the Yunling beef as the aging time increased, indicating that Yunling beef aged for 7 days was more suitable for cooking, exhibiting better sensory characteristics. Thus, a 7-day short-term aging process is very effective in improving the quality of Yunling beef. Our study attempted to fill a gap in the Yunling beef quality analysis during aging, providing further evidence for Yunling beef improvement.


In article organizational-legal aspects of mortgage housing crediting in Russia and the basic directions of state regulation of the market of a mortgage in the Russian Federation are considered.


THE BHOPAL DISTRICT COURT of India has ruled that seven former officials of Union Carbide India are guilty of criminal negligence in the chemical leak disaster that killed thousands in December 1984. The court sentenced them to two years in prison, the maximum allowed. The ruling, by Chief Judicial Magistrate Mohan P. Tiwari, concerns a criminal case filed in 1987 by India's Central Bureau of Investigation, the country's equivalent of the FBI. In the course of the 23-year case, India failed to secure the extradition of Warren Anderson, the now-89-year-old former chairman of Union Carbide, who is described as an "absconder" from justice in the ruling. Over the years, the hot-button case has passed from one judge to another more than a dozen times. Those sentenced include Union Carbide India's then-chairman, Keshub Mahindra, and six other former senior officials. They all posted bail and have 30 days to file an appeal. In his 95-page ruling, ...


Most evolutionary and medical textbooks state that the tetrapod fore and hindlimb are serial homologues. Here we show how regenerative studies of axolotls, developmental studies of tetrapods, and comparative and evolutionary studies of all major vertebrate groups, including recent re‐analyses of the appendicular muscles of chondrichthyans, dipnoans and coelacanths contradict this old dogma. The integrative analysis of the data available strongly supports the idea that the similarity of the muscles and bones of the fore and hindlimbs of tetrapods such as salamanders and modern humans is not due to serial homology, but is instead the result of independent evolutionary changes (homoplasy) occurred mainly during the origin of tetrapods due to the co‐option of similar genes for the development of both limbs. It also offers new insights about the ancestral Bauplan and morphogenetic gradients of tetrapod limbs, including the striking similarity of the zeugopodial (forearm/leg) and autopodial (hand/foot) muscles of the two limbs and ventro‐dorsal symmetry of the zeugopodial muscles of a same limb, about the marked differences between pelvic and pectoral girdle structures, the homeotic transformations related to the number/identity of the digits and associated soft tissue changes, and the differences between limb ontogeny and regeneration, and about limb birth defects and their crucial medical implications.


As the uppermost behavioral pattern,the livelihood drives the human-earth system evolution. Therefore,it is the present research hotspot of the human-earth system science to study the interrelationship between human livelihood and ecoenvironment,livelihood analysis have attracted increasing interests as a new perception on explaining and solving the ecoenvironment problems in the eco-fragile region. In order to comprehensively understand research status of the relationship between the peasant' s livelihood and eco-environment,the paper firstly analyzes the key driving factors for the farmer' s livelihood transformation based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework provided by the UK' s Department for International Development( DFID). Then,the paper founds out the analytical framework of the ecological effect of the peasant' s livelihood transformation, teases out the main research fields about impact of the peasant' s livelihood transformation on eco-environment in recent years,the main research fields include impact of the peasant' s livelihood transformation on the arable land utilization model and the rural residential land model,the impact on the rural life energy consumption model and on ecological restoration. Finally,the paper points out that the research on the relationship between the farmer's livelihood and eco-environment in the future should pay close attention to several questions which include the farmer's livelihood evolution rule and its regulatory mechanism,the mechanism of the farmer's livelihood transition on ecoenvironment,evaluation and monitoring the ecological effect of the farmer' s livelihood transition and the sustainable livelihood mode establishment.


Despite Catharine Maria Sedgwick's many personal and professional links to Nathaniel Hawthorne and her international renown as an author in the nineteenth century, few Hawthorne or Sedgwick biographers or literary scholars have considered her possible influence on Hawthorne. Fifteen years Hawthorne's senior, Sedgwick was well established in her career by the time he began publishing in 1830; for the next twenty years the two authors' short works were often published in the same journals and gift-book annuals--including The Token, The U.S. Magazine and Democratic Review, Godey's Lady's Book, and Graham's Magazine--even appearing side by side. (1) By the time Hawthorne's first stories appeared anonymously in The Token and The Salem Gazette, Sedgwick had published five books and eighteen short stories and sketches. Because, like Hawthorne, Sedgwick initially published anonymously, in her case with a "by the author of" byline, readers might mistakenly assume that Hawthorne was unaware of whose work he was reading. But from the outset Sedgwick's authorship was no secret, particularly in Boston and New York City circles, as several sources attest, including the private correspondence of Elizabeth and Mary Peabody in the 1820s. (2) Not only did Hawthorne undoubtedly read Sedgwick, but evidence suggests that his career was, in some part, influenced by hers. Nevertheless, in my incomplete survey of a dozen Hawthorne biographies, from Newton Arvin's of 1929 to Robert Milder's of 2013, only half contain Sedgwick's name, two literally just her name. Of the four others, Robert Cantwell (in 1971) gets Sedgwick's age wrong--by a decade--in his two sentences about her presence in Lenox (433), and Arlin Turner (in 1980) mentions only a tea party (211). James Mellow (in 1980) is the only one to acknowledge Sedgwick's "international reputation"; his four sentences include Hawthorne's "rather feeble" reference to the "most truthful" Sedgwick in A Wonder Book for Girls and Boys (323). Most recently, Brenda Wineapple's three brief mentions (in 2004) culminate in Sedgwick's negative comment (in a private letter to her niece) about The House of the Seven Gables, removed from its largely positive context. (3) In all, that is about ten sentences in 84 years. (4) Only two biographical studies of Sedgwick exist: Mary E. Dewey's 1871 Life and Letters of Catharine M. Sedgwick (excerpted letters with biographical segues, as Dewey knew Sedgwick personally), and Edward Halsey Foster's 1974 Twayne series volume. Neither book is a comprehensive biography. Both include references to Hawthorne but no sustained analysis of the two writers' points of contact. In recent decades, several introductions to works by or about Sedgwick have helped to fill gaps in her biography, but none include an examination of the possible literary connections between Sedgwick and Hawthorne. (5) By retracing the known biographical links between Sedgwick and Hawthorne and exploring a few of their literary connections, I hope to demonstrate the need for further scholarly investigation of both. The evidence I have gathered here suggests that Hawthorne looked to Sedgwick as he figured out how to be a writer. He was part of a social and literary circle that admired her, and he interacted with her both personally and professionally. Commonalities in the two authors' subject matter and publication venues suggest that Sedgwick may have served as a model for Hawthorne as he chose what and where to publish. He thought enough of her to compliment her in print and to "talk back" to her, writing the occasional story in response to her own, revising or arguing her position. Taken together, these points of contact should provoke further comparative study. I. Intersecting Lives Hawthorne's explicit references to Sedgwick in several stories demonstrate his knowledge of her work, but exactly what he read by her, and when, is not known. Marion Kesselring's transcription of Hawthorne's borrowings from the Salem Athenaeum, 1828-1850, reveals that only 24% were works of literature, and that of these very few were by Hawthorne's American contemporaries, aside from fiction published in English and American magazines (8, 11). …


lective hip and knee joint replacement patients at the East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust (ELHT) are required to attend the 'Hip and Knee Joint School'. This is an award-winning patient education programme. Pre-pandemic, it was a day at the hospital dedicated to introducing patients to the specifics of a hip and knee joint replacement surgery. This takes the patient from the process of anaesthesia to post-operative ward care.

 Due to the virulent transmission of COVID-19, strict social distancing rules have been implemented. Therefore, it was decided that converting the joint school into online videos would be the best medium for patient education. Various healthcare professionals contributed to the videos included orthopaedic surgeons, anaesthetists, specialist nurses, healthcare assistants, occupational therapists, and physiotherapists.

 Eleven videos were filmed, edited, and approved by the trust's communications team. These included, 'Introduction to the Joint School', 'You and your surgery', 'Leading up to your operation', 'Your Operation Journey', 'Introducing the Anaesthetist' 'Total Hip Replacement Surgery', 'Total Knee Replacement Surgery', 'Post-op Wound Care', 'Your Safe Discharge Home', 'FAQ's' and 'COVID-19 Green Pathway'.

 The global pandemic has driven innovation and novel ideas in medicine. We have seen similar changes in our trust with the online patient education videos being a prime example. This joint school was originally started in our trust, but now as it had been converted to videos, we believe that it can be modified and used across all trusts in the NHS.


This issue of Technology | Architecture + Design began in one world and will be published in another. Two major health and cultural phenomena have reshaped our understanding of ourselves, how we in...


We examine a potential informational cost of adopting the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Using a difference-in-differences approach, we find that mandatory IFRS adoption leads to a significant decrease in accrual reliability. We also find that this negative relation between IFRS adoption and accrual reliability is more pronounced for firms (a) holding more financial instruments and (b) domiciled in jurisdictions with weak institutional features. The above findings are robust to alternative sampling and an extended sample period. Further analysis shows that reduced accrual reliability reflects a trade-off with increased value relevance and that outside investors fail to understand the IFRS-induced reductions in accrual reliability.


High-field superconducting accelerator magnets store several orders of MJ of energy in their magnetic field. This stored energy poses a risk in case the superconductor is locally heated above its phase transition to the normal-conducting state, i.e., in case of a quench. It is important to study the laws governing local and global variations to the energy state of a magnet in the electromagnetic and thermal domains. In this paper we present results of energy-based modeling by means of bond graphs and the theory of portHamiltonians in an effort to derive a full and consistent formulation of the quench problem in superconducting magnets. The model accounts for the loss of the superconducting state, eddy currents, persistent magnetization as well as the heat balance equation along with the magneto-caloric effect. This approach allows studying the structure of equations representing the inter-domain coupling, lumped and distributed ports as well as the computational causality.


Dehydroabietic acid (DHA, 1 ), a natural occurring diterpene resin acid, is an abundant resin acid in conifers, representing a natural wood protectant. The aim of this study was to use microbial cell cultures as tools for modification of 1 in order to obtain value-added functional derivatives. A scaled-up biotransformation of 1 by filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans , Rhizopus stolonifer , Gibberella fujikuroi , and Cephalosporium aphidicola were conducted for the first time. Three hydroxylated metabolites; 1b-hydroxydehydroabietic acid ( 2 ); 15-hydroxy dehydroabietic acid ( 3 ); and 16-hydroxy dehydroabietic acid ( 4 ). The structure of the hydroxylated metabolites were elucidated by 1-D ( 1 H, 13 C) and 2-D NMR (COSY, HMBC, HMQC, NOESY) techniques and MS analyses. Dehydroabietic acid ( 1 ) and their transformed products 2 - 4 exhibited a promising α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compound 1 showed 38 times more active than the standard α-Glucosidase inhibitor, deoxynojirimycin. Compound 1 and its transformed metabolites 2 - 4 also showed significant antibacterial activities. Keywords: Microbial transformation, Dehydroabietic acid, Antibacterial activities, α-Glucosidase.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Philosophy Alarm and Notification Early Detection Fire Suppression Systems Design Fire Detection Fire Suppression Systems Conclusion


Purpose Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) refer to a cluster of symptoms, such as agitation, irritability, aberrant motor behavior and depression, demonstrated by persons with dementia (Margallo ‐ Lana et al., 2001). The syndrome affects over 70% of institutionalized persons with dementia (Margallo ‐ Lana et al., 2001) and have increased caregiving stress of nurses and care workers (Song & Oh, 2015). This study aims at investigating if engagement with a Cantonese-speaking smart doll could reduce BPSD and improve social communication in persons with dementia. Method The smart doll was a custom-made infant-sized doll consisting of soft rag wrap, cotton filling and a battery-powered, programmed electronic device. It would invite participants for engagement by saying "I am bored" and "Play with me" in a child-like voice in Cantonese. Cognitive training games such as counting numbers, naming familiar places and telling weekdays were included in the doll. Nine female participants with severe dementia were recruited from local elderly homes, with written informed consent obtained from their guardians or family members. The doll was given to the participant 5 days per week during daytime from 9 am to 6 pm. Before intervention, demographics of the participants were recorded (Table 1). Outcome measures, including Observational Measurement of Engagement (OME; Cohen-Mansfield et al., 2009), Social subscale of Verbal and Nonverbal Interaction Scale-CR (VNVIS-CR; Williams et al. 2017), and Cohen ‐ Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI; Cohen-Mansfield, 1991), were carried out by caretakers at the elderly homes. OME was measured once at baseline, while VNVIS-CR and CMAI were measured before and after the 1-month intervention. Results and Discussion The participants spent on average 3.4 ± 3.9 min within the 15 min observation time, with attention score of 2.0 ± 1.1 (out of 1-4), and attitude score of 4.7 ± 0.9 (out of 1-7). This study found no significant improvement/decline in the verbal and nonverbal interaction of the participants (0.78 ± 9.09, p=0.80, paired t-test) (Figure 1a). A statistically significant decrease in agitation of the participants was found after one-month interaction with the smart doll (0.63 ± 0.74, p<0.05, paired t-test) (Figure 1b). Small-numbered and single-gendered participants are two limitations of this study. Further study is needed to verify if the results can be generalized to a larger population with both female and male subjects.


This thesis examines the accuracy of common claims made against the
disposable nappy on environmental grounds. It focuses on the issues of
disposal, fluff pulp manufacture and resource requirements. Selected claims,
which are sourced from newspapers, magazines and publications by
government and non government bodies, are presented and categorized.
The technical and scientific literature relevant to the claims is critically
reviewed. Most of the claims presented were found to be exaggerated,
inaccurate and based on arguments which had very little to do with disposable
nappies.


Twelve batches of Arzua-Ulloa, a short-ripened cheese produced in Galicia (NW Spain), were prepared from pasteurized milk inoculated with lactococci isolated from raw-milk cheese. Each batch was made with Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (1 %) cultures of different acidifying activities and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis var. diacetylactis (0,5%) cultures of different abilities for diacetyl-acetoin production. The studied parameters were: i) total aerobic mesophile bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, micrococci, enterococci, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria spp. counts - ii) pH, A w , fat protein, dry matter, ash, diacetyl-acetoin content, casein degradation, nitrogen soluble fractions in TCA and PTA - iii) organoleptic characteristics. The results showed that the use of blends of selected autochthonous strains of Lc. lactis as starters promote the typical organoleptic characteristics of the cheese.


EXPLORATION for minerals, primarily gold, began in the Copper Basin of Tennessee, Georgia, and North Carolina in the early 1800s. By the mid-1800s commercial mining for copper was underway in this 60,000-acre region of the lower Appalachians. Because transportation of ore was expensive, crude smelting practices were initiated. This early process, called heap-roasting, required large amounts of wood for fuel and produced large amounts of sulfur dioxide fumes.

By 1900 virtually all timber within hauling distance had been cut and all vegetation in the vicinity of the smelters had been destroyed by sulfur dioxide fumes. Even the high smoke stacks on smelting plants of the early 1900s continued to spread noxious fumes; eventually, a 50-square-mile area was largely denuded and subjected to erosion ( 4 ).

Early reclamation efforts

The Copper Basin is drained by the Toccoa River in Georgia, called the Ocoee in Tennessee. Millions of tons of topsoil have been deposited in the river and three downstream lakes. Below the basin, the Tennessee Valley Authority maintains three power-generating facilities on the Ocoee. Each has been filled to varying degrees by sediment. One reservoir has lost about 90 percent of its water storage capacity …


BACKGROUND: The freezing curve currently used for the cryopreservation of peripheral blood stem cell transplants (PBSCTs) has been determined empirically. Although the use of cryopreserved PBSCTs is successful and usually leads to rapid hematopoietic recovery, the freeze‐thawing process is known to induce a significant degree of cell death. Furthermore, the infusion of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), used to protect the cells against damage induced by freezing, can cause morbidity. Therefore, optimizing the current cryopreservation protocol (with 10% DMSO and a slow linear cooling curve) with theoretically optimized freezing curves and a lower DMSO concentration might improve the recovery after transplantation.


31 Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and is currently the leading 32 cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the treatment strategy has been 33 significantly improved, the prognosis of lung cancer patients is still quite poor. 34 RIOK1 has been reported to be highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer 35 (NSCLC), however, its clinical significance and biological function are still largely 36 unknown in lung cancer. Using western blot and immunohistochemistry, we showed 37 that RIOK1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and correlated with advanced 38 stage and poor prognosis. Furthermore, knockdown of RIOK1 could inhibit 39 proliferation, migration, and invasion in NSCLC cells and tumorigenesis in vivo 40 through AKT, Cyclin B1, MMP2, and EMT pathway. Furthermore, cell viability and 41 apoptosis assays demonstrated that RIOK1 maintained NSCLC cell survival and 42 reduced apoptosis rate when cells were treated with cisplatin. Western blot analysis 43 demonstrated that RIOK1 depletion caused up-regulated protein expression of cleaved 44 PARP and Caspase-3 in NSCLC cells. These findings revealed a novel function of 45 RIOK1 in non-small cell lung cancer progression and suggest that RIOK1 might 46 become a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for this disease. 47 Key word: RIOK1, non-small cell lung cancer, proliferation, invasion, chemical 48


This work aimed at evaluating the environmental performances of a coffee decaffeination process driven by carbon dioxide at supercritical conditions, using a Life Cycle Assessment approach (LCA). In the last years, the global decaf coffee market has reached about 10 %, with growing diffusion mainly in developed areas. This increasing trend is mainly due to the preservation of the coffee taste related to a clear improvement in terms of quality of the decaffeination processes. The caffeine extraction stage, core unit operation of the decaffeination process, may be performed in different ways. Among the different processes, the most selective one, for removing just caffeine and no other flavour precursors from coffee, is based on supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The aim of this work is to carry out a LCA analysis to determine the environmental impacts of industrial stages (from gate to gate) of the caffeine extraction process with supercritical carbon dioxide, reporting all the results to the chosen functional unit (1 kg of decaffeinated coffee). The data were analysed using SimaPro 8.0.5 software in order to identify the environmental key performance indicators (KPIs). Primary data and the Ecoinvent database were used for the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), according to the reference standard for LCA (i.e., ISO 14040-14044).


A Ka-band quadrature quintupler fabricated in the 90 nm CMOS process is demonstrated. The multiplier consists of quadrature regenerative frequency dividers, single-balanced mixers, triplers, and buffers. The quadrature regenerative frequency divider and mixer produce a 5fo/3 ( fo, the input signal of the quintupler) signal and the tripler output produces a 5fo signal. This quintupler has a wide frequency range of 22.5–28.5 GHz, high input and output powers of 3.9 and 1.8–2.3 dBm, respectively, and a power consumption of 14.8 mW. The size of the multiplier is 0.99 mm2. This quintupler can be used in Ka-band wireless sensors.


This paper describes a content object and metadata repositories model, which provides an alternative to search and to access repositories developed in Colombia and Latin America. Along with the repositories model, an initial design of a decision support system for repositories is presented. In order to preserve the autonomy of each repository, a common web services interface is considered.


Details are given of the underground contracts in Section 2 of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL) in the UK. The four main bored tunnelling contracts, the London Tunnels and the Thames Tunnel, all used the same precast concrete tunnel lining with an internal diameter of 7.15m. The linings were designed by Rail Link Engineering (RLE) for a 120-year life in saline or aggressive ground conditions. The lining has a 350mm thickness and a lining width of 1.5m. The ring has nine segments and a wedged key. The concrete specified for the precast segments is a durable concrete with a low permeability with granite or limestone aggregate, steel fibres and polypropylene fibres. The manufacture of concrete segments for Contracts 220, 240, 250, 320 and 103 is described.


This paper viewed and interpreted the English phonics from the Korean context. Phonics as a method teaching letter-sound regularities has been built, paradoxically, on the foundation of great letter-sound irregularity in English. Phonics is difficult even for native English learners. It is suggested, therefore, that teachers take phonics not as method teaching how to sound words out correctly, but as a method to provide young learners with clues for recognizing the words they know in sound. In addition, the Korean language has a very different phonetic and phonological system from that of English. It does not allow consonant clusters at the beginning of a word. Most importantly, Korean children do not acquire phonemes as independent ones, but acquire them indirectly through the contrast of syllables. For these reasons, the synthetic phonics instruction and Elkonin Boxes are not recommendable in Korea. And using unfamiliar and nonsense words should be the last resort in phonics instruction in Korea.


The significance of the problem of effective therapy of chronic prostatitis, associated with sexually transmitted infections, is conditioned primarily to the fact that the highest incidence rate of this pathology is registered in individuals not older than 45 years. Thus, men suffer in the most active period of life.1 The patients with 20-45 years old, the reduction of their copulative and reproductive functions, the persistent and prolonged course of the disease not succumbed to the traditional methods of treatment; short periods of remission allow us to consider chronic prostatitis as a serious medical and social problem.2


In this paper, we describe a possible approach for using mobile agents to manage a group of networked devices. Our system goes one step further from the traditional one-to- one device management setting by providing a one-to-many architecture able to perform simple administrative tasks on behalf of the user. We show how the use of mobile agents eases the task of maintaining, monitoring and managing a very large number of devices and consequently, reduces the work load of the people in charge of these devices.


A pricing system receives a request for a price of one or more optional services for a flight. The pricing system determines, for each ATPCO S5 record ("S5 record") associated with each corresponding requested optional service, whether the S5 record comprises a formula table. If the pricing system determines that the S5 record does not comprise a formula table, the pricing system identifies ATPCO S7 records ("S7 record") associated with the S5 record and sequentially evaluates pricing conditions stipulated by each of the S7 records until finding a first S7 record comprising a pricing condition that is satisfied by the flight information, passenger information, or other information. In another example, if the pricing system determines that an S5 record for a requested optional service comprises a formula table, the pricing system identifies one or more S5 record identifiers in the formula table identifying pricing tables comprising an S5 record and its associated list of S7 records. The pricing system extracts the S5 records of pricing tables and the associated list of S7 records for each pricing table identified by the S5 record identifiers and determines a price for each of the pricing tables identified in the formula table by sequentially evaluating pricing conditions stipulated by each of the S7 records until finding a first S7 record comprising a pricing condition that is satisfied by the flight information, passenger information, and/or other information. The pricing system determines a price for the requested service by evaluating the formula in the formula table comprising one or more numerical constants, the determined price for each of the pricing tables, and one or more mathematical operators. The pricing system returns a price or a fail result for each of the requested optional services based on the prices determined either from S5 records and associated S7 records (if applicable) or from S5 records comprising formula tables and associated S5 pricing tables including the associated S7 records. BACKGROUND In the airline industry, optional services are services or products offered by an airline in addition to the principal service of transportation. Examples of optional services comprise seating in an extra-legroom seat, early or priority boarding, access to a lounge at an airport, a special in-flight meal, or an upgrade of cabin class. Conventionally, airlines configure prices 2 Macrakis et al.: Pricing Airline Optional Services Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2016 for optional services by analyzing supply and demand and determining pricing conditions, which list a price for an optional service if a specific combination of factors is satisfied such as an origin, destination, distance of destination from origin, age of passenger, time of departure, time of arrival, duration of flight, type of plane, operating airline, number of passengers travelling together, quantity sold of the requested optional service type, total number of the requested optional service type, and/or other factors. Airlines may transmit lists of thousands of possible pricing conditions for optional services to a pricing system in a standard format, such as a format prescribed by the Airline Tariff Publishing Company ("ATPCO"). The pricing system analyzes, for a requested optional service, each pricing condition in a list of pricing conditions until finding a first particular pricing condition in which all factors are satisfied by flight information, passenger information, or other information associated with the flight with which the optional service request is associated. Conventional pricing systems do not enable an airline to develop simple pricing rules for optional services that are expressed in simple mathematical functions that modify a base price of an optional service that are transparent and understandable to consumers and expressed in simple mathematical functions. Conventional pricing systems also do not allow an airline to develop pricing conditions for optional services that comprise custom factors. OVERVIEW The examples described herein provide computer-implemented techniques to determining prices for optional services related to flights. In an example embodiment, an airline system or airline staff associated with the airline system transmits a list of conditions to a pricing system. In an example embodiment, the airline system generates a sub code services record for each optional service that the airline system provides. In an example, the sub code services record comprises an "S5 record" in accordance with a format prescribed by the Airline Tariff Publishing Company ("ATPCO"). Example optional services comprise being seated in an extra legroom seat, early or priority boarding, extra checked bags, in flight meals, in flight snacks, in flight beverages, other in flight purchases, or other optional services that an airline offers in addition to the service of transportation. The sub code 3 Defensive Publications Series, Art. 362 [2016] http://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series/362 services record may stipulate a name of the optional service, taxes associated with the service, directions for how the optional service is listed on a ticket or boarding pass, and other relevant information. An example sub code services record (S5 record) comprises a list of associated provisions records defining pricing conditions for the optional service associated with the sub code services record. A provisions record may comprise an "S7 record" in accordance with a format prescribed by the ATPCO. The airline system generates provisions records associated with each sub code services record defining pricing conditions for an optional service associated with the sub code services record. In this example, each provision record defines a particular pricing condition for the optional service defined by the sub code services record. In one example, a pricing condition for an optional service comprises a set of sub-conditions and a price associated with the condition if the set of sub-conditions are satisfied. Example sub-conditions within pricing conditions may comprise a time of a flight, an origin of a flight, a flight number range, a day of the week, a destination of a flight, a departure time, an arrival time, a type or model of airplane, an airline carrier name, and any other sub-condition that the airline wants as a requirement for the price in the pricing condition. In conventional pricing systems, a pricing system retrieves a sub code services record (S5 record) for a requested optional service for a flight and then sequentially reviews all provisions records (S7 records) associated with that particular S5 record for the requested optional service until finding a first S7 record comprising an applicable pricing condition. For example, multiple S7 records associated with a particular S5 record may have pricing conditions that are satisfied by the flight information, however, the pricing system selects the first applicable S7 record from the multiple S7 records and determines the price of the requested optional service based on the price stipulated by the pricing condition in the first applicable S7 record. For example, a first S7 record comprising a first pricing condition stipulates, "if origin is Atlanta, departure is after 5:00 a.m., departure is before 11:00 a.m., flight number is in range of 0-600, then price is $50," a second S7 record comprising a second pricing condition stipulates, "if origin is Boston, departure is after 5:00 a.m., departure is before 10:00 a.m., flight number is in range of 0-950, then price is $30" and a third S7 record comprising a third pricing condition stipulates, "if origin is Boston, departure 4 Macrakis et al.: Pricing Airline Optional Services Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2016 is after 8:00 a.m., departure is before 11:00 a.m., flight number is in range of 0-950, then price is $15." In this example, the flight associated with the requested optional service associated with the S5 record departs 9:50 a.m. from Boston and comprises a flight number of 550. In this example, the pricing system first reviews the first S7 record comprising the first pricing condition and finds the first pricing condition inapplicable. In this example, in response to finding the first pricing condition associated with the first S7 record inapplicable, the pricing system then reviews the second S7 record comprising the second pricing condition. In this example, the pricing system determines that the second pricing condition in the second S7 record is applicable based on the flight information and determines the price stipulated in the pricing condition of the second S7 record as the price of the requested optional service. In this example, even though both the second pricing condition and the third pricing condition are applicable to the flight information, the pricing system would review the second S7 record comprising the second pricing condition and would find the second pricing condition of the first S7 record applicable and would then not review any further S7 records, including the third S7 record comprising the third pricing condition. In the present invention, a pricing system receives a request for a price of one or more optional services for a flight. The pricing system determines, for each S5 record associated with each corresponding requested optional service, whether the S5 record comprises a formula table. If the pricing system determines that the S5 record does not comprise a formula table, the pricing system identifies S7 records associated with the S5 record and sequentially evaluates pricing conditions stipulated by each of the S7 records until finding a first S7 record comprising a pricing condition that is satisfied by the flight information, passenger information, or other information associated with the flight. In another example, if the pricing system determines that an S5 record


To observe clinical analysis of primary brain subarachnoid hemorrhage, a retrospective survey was done in 10 patients with primary brain subarachnoid hemorrhage in our hospital from 1993 to 2003. The results showed that among the 10 patients with primary brain subarachnoid hemorrhage, all patients presented headache, blowout headache happened in 5 patients. In 2 patients, the examination of computerized tomography(CT) were negative, but the lumbar-centesis(LP) were positive. 2 patients (20%) were healed, 3 patients(30%) were on the mend, 5 patients(50%) were death. It concluded blowout headache was a common symptom in patients with primary brain subarachnoid hemorrhage. The examination of CT and LP were useful in the diagnosis of the disease.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: transport block, for example, car and/or train, comprises, at least, one plate-shape revolving orientation device 5 to receive and direct automobile 11 from cargo platform 5, automobile length exceeding effective width of transport block 1 and width not exceeding therefrom. Orientation device 5 is located on track of transport block 1 with drop sides 2 whereat track is located. Drop sides 2 support flaps 5a of orientation device 5 in turned position as well. EFFECT: simplified design. 25 cl, 11 dwg


DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the following people for their non-academic contributions: To my mother, father, Mike and Kelly – thank you for your steadfast love, support and encouragement to follow my dreams over the years – whatever they may be. To past and present members of the lab: and growth in my scientific thinking. To my advisor, Mike, for taking me in before the lab was even settled in Austin and for introducing me to the fascinating cerebellum. Thank you for your patience and the opportunities! Finally, to my husband, Drew, thank you for your encouragement, friendship and love. Thank you for your amazing support and understanding. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge the following people for their individual contributions to this work: The cerebellum is a region of the brain responsible for an organism's ability to perform precise, coordinated movements. An abundance of research has characterized the anatomy of the cerebellum, and provides the foundation of current theories regarding the circuitry that supports motor learning. Delay eyelid conditioning is a form of motor learning. It is the learned association of a neutral stimulus and the reflexive response of an eyelid closure resulting in a well-timed eyelid closure in anticipation of the reflexive response. Two aspects of this learning are: different-conditioned stimulus savings and savings of timing. Different-CS savings is a rapid re-learning to a new, different neutral stimulus that occurs more quickly than learning to the original stimulus. Savings of timing is a phenomenon in which the timing of a response is preserved from a prior training experience. This dissertation presents evidence that forebrain input to the cerebellum is required for these aspects of delay eyelid conditioning. We trained animals with electrical stimulation as our neutral stimulus and thereby engaged a specific input pathway to the cerebellum, limiting forebrain inputs. In vii Chapter 2 we implement this technique and eliminate different-CS savings. These data suggest that forebrain input mediates this phenomenon. We then proceeded to investigate if the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the forebrain region involved in supporting this aspect of delay eyelid conditioning. We administered electrolytic lesions to the PFC of animals and found their ability to express different-CS savings was impaired. Evidence from these two chapters suggests the PFC provides input to the cerebellum necessary for different-CS savings. Finally, in Chapter 4 we examine savings of timing. We again limit forebrain input to the …


Phenomenological evidence suggests the existence of non-trivial background fields in the QCD vacuum. On the other hand SU(3) gauge theory possessses three different classes of both non-generic and non-trivial strata that may be used as classical backgrounds. It is suggested that this three-fold multiplicity of non-trivial vacua may be related to the existence of particle generations, which would then find an explanation in the framework of the standard model.


This paper mainly introduces the important role of surveying and mapping and problems it is facing in the new countryside construction.Surveying and mapping is an important basic guarantee of scientific development in rural areas,the first- hand basis of scientific planning and construction in the new countryside construction,and an important basic guarantee to improve the ecological environment in rural areas,practise precision agriculture and beautify the countryside.


*† An MLPG method that uses radial basis functions (RBF) in the study of thick beams governed by the Timoshenko beam theory is presented. The weak form of the governing differential equations is derived such that the locking phenomenon observed in the finite element method is avoided. A cubic RBF is chosen to approximate both the deflections and the independent shear rotations. The radial basis MLPG (RPG) method for thick beams successfully recovers Euler-Bernoulli solutions in the thin beam limit. The present RPG method is applied to several thick beam problems for which exact or accurate solutions are available. The method yields accurate results for all of the problems considered.


Embodiments of the invention disclose a game control method and apparatus and a mobile terminal. The method comprises: identifying a gesture action of a user through an ultrasonic sensor in the mobile terminal; and converting the gesture action into a game control instruction according to a preset rule, and performing a corresponding game control operation according to the game control instruction. With the adoption of the technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the invention, the gesture action can be determined according to the ultrasonic sensor, and a game is controlled according to the gesture action, so that the user cost does not need to be increased, the user health is not influenced, and the same control effect can be achieved.


The Fifth Edition Of This Concise, Organized, Portable Reference Guide Has Been Carefully Updated, With Multiple Entirely New Sections Including Bioterrorism Exposure, Fracture Classifications & Treatment And ECG Analysis!The Tarascon Pediatric Emergency Pocketbook, Fifth Edition Provides The Most Commonly Needed Reference Material For Those Caring For Acutely Ill Or Injured Children Together With Expert Commentary And Numerous Journal References.The Newly Revised Fifth Edition Adds Evidence-Based Expert Practice Guidelines For: Management Of Asthma Bronchitis Trauma Imaging Head Injuries Gastroenteritis Otitis Media & Sinusitis Fever & Neutropenia HIV Exposure (Patient And Health Care Worker) Afebrile Seizures Convenient Reference Tables Include: Pediatric Resuscitation Antibiotic Therapy Rapid-Sequence Intubation Toxicology Trauma Care Sedation & Analgesia Burn Care Rehydration Solutions Infant Formulas And Much More!


In this paper, we propose simple protocols for enabling two communicating agents that may have never met before to extract common knowledge out of any initial knowledge that each of them possesses. The initial knowledge from which the agents start, may even be independent of each other, implying that the two agents need not have had previous access to common information sources. In addition, the common knowledge extracted upon the termination of the protocols depends, in a fair way, on the (possibly independent) information items initially known, separately, by the two agents. It is fair in the sense that there is a negotiation between the two agents instead of one agent forcing the other to conform to its own knowledge. These protocols, may be extended in order to support security applications where the establishment of a common knowledge is required. Moreover, the implementation of the protocols leads to reasonably small code that can also fit within resource limited devices involved in any communication network while, at the same time, it is efficient as simulation results demonstrate.


Wind power has increased in recent years to meet the growing energy demand. Accurate short term wind energy forecast is important for optimal scheduling of the wind farms. Increasing the accuracy can help the power system operators to increase the reliability of energy supply. A Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Inputs (NARX) Network is applied to predict hourly wind speed and power. Meteorological variables are taken as exogenous variables for wind speed prediction. Geographical area under study is Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. Wind data is obtained for this location from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for one year. Comparison of the wind speed prediction of NARX model with linear regression and persistence model is also carried out. The performance of the test results is done using statistical error measurements like MAE, RMSE and MAPE. The results obtained with NARX network are found to be promising.


The Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) is a long-standing initiative that provides coordinated paleoclimate modeling and data activities to facilitate valuable discoveries on the mechanisms of climate change. At its recent workshop in Colorado, sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and International Geosphere-Biosphere Program Past Global Changes, more than 70 scientists met to review past successes and discuss future efforts. Participants included atmospheric scientists, oceanographers, and paleoclimatologists from the data and modeling communities.


The 1-50 GHz GBT PRIMOS data contains ~50 molecular absorption lines observed in diffuse and translucent clouds located in the Galactic Center, Bar, and spiral arms in the line-of-sight to Sgr B2(N). We measure the column densities and estimate abundances, relative to H2, of 11 molecules and additional isotopologues. We use absorption by optically thin transitions of c-C3H2 to estimate the N(H2), and argue that this method is preferable to more commonly used methods. We discuss the kinematic structure and abundance patterns of small molecules including the sulfur-bearing species CS, SO, CCS, H2CS, and HCS+; oxygen-bearing molecules OH, SiO, and H2CO; and simple hydrocarbon molecules c-C3H2, l-C3H, and l-C3H+. We discuss the implications of the observed chemistry for the structure of the gas and dust in the ISM.
Highlighted results include the following. First, whereas gas in the disk has a molecular hydrogen fraction of 0.65, clouds on the outer edge of the Galactic Bar and in or near the Galactic Center have molecular fractions of 0.85 and >0.9, respectively. Second, we observe trends in isotope ratios with Galactocentric distance; while carbon and silicon show enhancement of the rare isotopes at low Galactocentric distances, sulfur exhibits no trend with Galactocentric distance; the ratio of c-C3H2/c-H13CCCH provides a good estimate of the 12C:13C ratio, whereas H2CO/H2^13CO exhibits fractionation. Third, we report the presence of l-C3H+ in diffuse clouds for the first time. Finally, we suggest that CS has an enhanced abundance within higher density clumps of material in the disk, and therefore may be diagnostic of cloud conditions. If this holds, the diffuse clouds in the Galactic disk contain multiple embedded hyperdensities in a clumpy structure, and the density profile is not a simple function of A_V.


Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund (DREDF) Preface Introduction Part I: Disability Anti-Discrimination Law-The State of the World Part II: Foundational Issues in the Use of Anti-Discrimination Law Part III: Focus on the Operation of Laws Part IV: Real Life-Needing, Getting and Living With Disability Anti-Discrimination Law Disability Rights Law and Policy Afterword Table of International Laws and Instruments About the Authors Table of Cases Index


Objective To compare health service cost and length of stay between a traditional and an accelerated diagnostic approach to assess acute coronary syndromes (ACS) among patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) of a large tertiary hospital in Australia. Design, setting and participants This historically controlled study analysed data collected from two independent patient cohorts presenting to the ED with potential ACS. The first cohort of 938 patients was recruited in 2008–2010, and these patients were assessed using the traditional diagnostic approach detailed in the national guideline. The second cohort of 921 patients was recruited in 2011–2013 and was assessed with the accelerated diagnostic approach named the Brisbane protocol. The Brisbane protocol applied early serial troponin testing for patients at 0 and 2 h after presentation to ED, in comparison with 0 and 6 h testing in traditional assessment process. The Brisbane protocol also defined a low-risk group of patients in whom no objective testing was performed. A decision tree model was used to compare the expected cost and length of stay in hospital between two approaches. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to account for model uncertainty. Results Compared with the traditional diagnostic approach, the Brisbane protocol was associated with reduced expected cost of $1229 (95% CI −$1266 to $5122) and reduced expected length of stay of 26 h (95% CI −14 to 136 h). The Brisbane protocol allowed physicians to discharge a higher proportion of low-risk and intermediate-risk patients from ED within 4 h (72% vs 51%). Results from sensitivity analysis suggested the Brisbane protocol had a high chance of being cost-saving and time-saving. Conclusions This study provides some evidence of cost savings from a decision to adopt the Brisbane protocol. Benefits would arise for the hospital and for patients and their families.


Functional contextualism is a new perspective emerging in psychology, which has potential contributions to instructional design. The philosophical worldview known as contextualism is reviewed and the science it supports, behavior analysis, is described. Implications of functional contextualism for theoretical foundation, practical activities and research methodology in instructional design are then explored.


The therapy endpoint most commonly used in MR‐guided high intensity focused ultrasound is the thermal dose. Although namely correlated with nonviable tissue, it does not account for changes in mechanical properties of tissue during ablation. This study presents a new acquisition sequence for multislice, subsecond and simultaneous imaging of tissue temperature and displacement during ablation.


During the winter season of 2005, Southern California was besieged by a series of heavy precipitation events that caused widespread flash flooding, mud slides, debris flows, and significant damage. The first event began in December (28 December 2004 to 4 January 2005), triggered mudflows and flooding in the San Bernardino Mountains, and produced a record daily rainfall total for the city of Los Angeles.

The second period of heavy rainfall occurred in January (7–12 January 2005) and was widespread, extending from west of Santa Barbara to the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino County and to the south including San Diego County. The peak rainfall total during the January 2005 event exceeded 700 millimeters (30 inches) over the six-day period. Impacts included the disastrous La Conchita landslide in Ventura County, which killed 10 people and destroyed or damaged over 35 homes.


To understand material degradation of RC structures under acid rain environment in Kunming,Yunnan province,a field investigation was carried out.The structures involved in the investigation covered the concrete buildings,bridges,power stations and telegraph poles.The results show that these structures had been decayed by acid rain to some extent and some of them are in poor condition,of which a considerable mount had only serviced about ten years.Based on comparison of large mount of degradation parts of concrete elements,the appearance features of acid rain attacking were generalized.These appearance features affected by the attacking mode of natural acid rain and take on erosion,forming crystallized product and stalactite on surface.Some effective measures to prevent acid rain erosion were also reported in the investigation.


This paper presents a new self-adaptive current controller based on hysteresis control and predictive control.The rapid implementing current control system is composed of DSP chip TMS320F240 as its key component.Experiment results show that the operation performance is good.


The antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) is a prothrombotic state, the clinical features of which include arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent spontaneous abortion and thrombocytopenia in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. It can be described as primary APLS in the absence of associated disease or as secondary APLS when found in association with other disorders, for example, connective tissue disease, infection or malignancy. Antiphospholipid antibodies include anticardiolipin antibodies and the lupus anticoagulant.1 Cutaneous manifestations may be the presenting feature of the syndrome; these include livedo reticularis, thrombophlebitis, ulceration, subungual splinter haemorrhages and widespread cutaneous necrosis.2 We report on a patient with primary APLS whose presenting feature was a recalcitrant skin ulcer at a young age.


Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the profitability of poultry and pig investment projects in Meru TownMethodology: This study adopted a descriptive survey design. The study targeted a population of all the farmers located at Meru town.  According to the Meru town statistics, there are 210 farmers in Meru town. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 20% from the population. Therefore, 42 farmers i.e. 20% of 210 were picked at random. The researcher used a questionnaire which was administered to the selected sample population respondents on a drop and pick basis. The data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. In particular, frequency tables, averages and percentages were used. The data analysis actually involved simple tabulation and presentation of report generated form spreadsheets i.e. excel. The data was then presented using tables, graphs and charts.Results: The study concluded that the success rate of poultry and pig farming projects was low as evidenced by a maturation rate of 51 to 60 percent of the stock. The rest of the stock either died or didn't lay eggs. In addition, the study concluded that despite the low success rate; poultry and pig farming were described as profitable compared to other investments. However, several challenges related to cost of production, infrastructural factors as well as market oriented factors posed a serious challenge to poultry and pig farming. These factors ranged from high cost of feeds to poor selling prices and shrinking markets as well as competition from subsidized imports.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:  The study recommended that the bottlenecks associated with the poultry and pig projects be eliminated through a committed effort from the government to subsidize the cost of inputs, establishment of marketing associations and the elimination of middlemen in the sale of produce, improvement in extension services, and the provision of good infrastructure. While the challenges outlined in the study relate primarily to infrastructural and institutional bottlenecks, it might be interesting to study the role of entrepreneurial/management skills and general education on the success or otherwise of poultry and pig farming.


In order to fill the vacancy in the design and construction of pile-pillared supporting in the deep excavation Lanzhou subway,its test section is taken as an example,to study the pile-pillar supporting design and the deformation pattern of the protective structure during the construction of the pile-pillared supporting.The investigation result shows that in the initial stage of excavation,the pile deformed toward the interior of the pit as a forward curve.As the excavation goes on and the prestress is applied,the deformation curve of pile is gradually changing into the shape")",and the position of the maximum horizontal displacement is also moving downwards.In the process of the excavation,the pile maximum displacement takes place above the foundation pit excavation level surface within the range of 4~10mat the middle of the pile,and there is still a little displacement near the bottom of the pile,illustrating that it is not completely reasonable to reinforce uniformly the outer side and inner side of the pile.and the design method stipulated by the standard available,where the embedded section is taken as the fixed end,needs to be perfected.


6,8a-deoxy derivatives of avermectins produced by a mutant strain of Streptomyces avermitilis K20571} derived by mutation from strain K2038 producing avermectins B l a and B2a selectively2). The parent strain K2038 carries two types of mutations, C-5 0-methylation (aveD) and the selective incorporation of branched-chain fatty acid into the avermectin molecule (X). The mutant strain K2057 has an additional mutation (aveE) affecting furan ring formation at C-6 and C-8a positions besides both mutations aveDand X. Wecould not detect methylated 6,8a-seco-6,8a-deoxy derivatives of avermectins from mutant K2057 because the mutant lacks functions


The present study aims to measure the concentration of vanadium in 73 sediment samples collected along the coastal area of the Egyptian seas (Mediterranean and Red Seas). The results indicated that the mean value of vanadium in Red Sea sediments (52.61 µg/g) was higher than the mean value of the Mediterranean (40.58 µg/g) and the variation between the two means was insignificant (p = 0.241). This result could be attributed to the high petroleum activities of the Red Sea. Along the Mediterranean coast, the sector in front of Port Said area exhibited the highest mean value of vanadium (103.9 µg/g) than other sectors, which suffers from many sources of pollution. While the highest mean value along the Red Sea coast (73.20 µg/g) was found at the sector of Red Sea proper. ANOVA analysis showed that the differences in vanadium levels at the Mediterranean sectors were mostly significant at p < 0.05. While for Red Sea sectors, the differences were insignificant except that between Red Sea proper and Aqaba Gulf. Station M10 (at Mediterranean – Port Said sector) and station S2 (at Red Sea – Suez Bay) recorded values of vanadium higher than the typical concentration in sediments (20 – 150 µg/g). These two stations receive huge amount of wastes as industrial and agricultural effluents, sewage discharge, in addition to shipping activities, fishing ports and ship waiting areas; in particular, station S2 (Suez Bay) is characterized by petroleum activities.


Soft soil subgrade construction technology is the key to subgrade quality assurance,and is one of the difficulties in construction.There are many treatment ways of soft soil subgrade,we must consider from ground conditions,processing requirements,progress,material equipment and so on to determine the appropriate treatment.


An efficient and convenient diastereoselective synthesis of 3-amino-2(1H)-pyridinones by CeCl 3 ·7H 2 O/NaI-promoted [3+2+1] three-component coupling reactions of chalcones, 2-phenyl-1,3-oxazolon-5-one, and amines is reported. The protocol involves sequential Michael addition, condensation, ring transformation, and acid hydrolysis. Operational simplicity, ambient temperature, high yields, and diastereoselectivity are the key features of the present synthetic protocol. The reaction is an excellent illustration ofCe(III)-catalyzed C-C and C-N bond formations in a one-pot procedure.


This paper attempts to state the de facto transport plan which results from the UK Government's new objectives for transport policy, and suggests how to achieve these objectives in London. Reasons for the shift in transport policy include: (1) the failure of road capacity to meet demand; (2) increasing concern for the local environment; and (3) growing pressure to reduce public expenditure. The new policy framework includes measures for changing the demand for transport and the supply of transport, and has developed the concept of transport packages. The authors' proposed sustainable transport package for London includes the following elements: (1) an integrated transport strategy for London; (2) a strategic approach to reducing road capacity, to discourage car trips through and around London; (3) a new strategy for land use; (4) parking restraint to reduce car use; (5) expansion of programmes to develop automatic enforcement of bus priorities and better provision of passenger information; (6) a new approach to transport modelling; (7) implementing and enforcing bus priorities throughout London; (8) improved public transport; (9) taxes to achieve environmental goals; and (10) a new strategic transport authority for London. For the covering abstract see IRRD 870251.


Abstract Electrical activity of boron implanted silicon layers has been extensively studied by many authors.1-7 Ionization is known to affect the transformation processes of simple lattice defects8,9 and similar influence was also observed for silicon implanted layers being annealed with ionization generated by uv light, laser beams or high energy electrons.10-13 In all these experiments a substantial increase in a recrystallization rate was observed.


Significance The thermal properties of crystalline solids follow universal laws that are explained by theories based on phonons. Amorphous solids are also characterized by universal laws that are, however, anomalous with respect to their crystalline counterparts. These anomalies begin to emerge at very low temperatures, suggesting that the vibrational properties of amorphous solids differ from phonons, even in the continuum limit. In this work, we reveal that phonons coexist with soft localized modes in the continuum limit of amorphous solids. Importantly, we discover that the phonons follow the Debye law, whereas the soft localized modes follow another universal non-Debye law. Our findings provide a firm theoretical basis for explaining the thermal anomalies of amorphous solids. The low-frequency vibrational and low-temperature thermal properties of amorphous solids are markedly different from those of crystalline solids. This situation is counterintuitive because all solid materials are expected to behave as a homogeneous elastic body in the continuum limit, in which vibrational modes are phonons that follow the Debye law. A number of phenomenological explanations for this situation have been proposed, which assume elastic heterogeneities, soft localized vibrations, and so on. Microscopic mean-field theories have recently been developed to predict the universal non-Debye scaling law. Considering these theoretical arguments, it is absolutely necessary to directly observe the nature of the low-frequency vibrations of amorphous solids and determine the laws that such vibrations obey. Herein, we perform an extremely large-scale vibrational mode analysis of a model amorphous solid. We find that the scaling law predicted by the mean-field theory is violated at low frequency, and in the continuum limit, the vibrational modes converge to a mixture of phonon modes that follow the Debye law and soft localized modes that follow another universal non-Debye scaling law.


Several decades have passed since the civil rights movement began. The movement achieved historic success owing to the efforts of so many who dedicated their lives to the call of justice and equality. This remarkable success has led to an improved society that accords the legal protection of equal rights among different races, genders, and ethnic groups. Despite this important achievement, we still have a long way to fulfilling the full promise of the civil rights movement, which at its core lies the protection and promotion of equity and dignity of all people. The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., in one of his last speeches before his assassination, stated: "Now our struggle is for genuine equality, which means economic equality." Growing economic disparities that exist along racial lines and across the country indeed pull us away from the ideals of the civil rights movement. Structural economic problems in the United States, such as chronic employment issues persisting in many regions and deepening economic polarization across the country, have exacerbated inequalities and social problems that divide the country. A fundamental change of paradigm is required to meet this challenge. These economic problems can no longer be overcome solely by individual efforts and self-reliance. The governments, including the federal, state, and local, must address them by facilitating economic development in our communities, in cooperation with the private sector, as has been successfully implemented elsewhere. Successful economic development that vitalizes economically depressed regions and bridges the economic gaps must be achieved before we can fully meet the objectives of the civil rights movement.<br>


It is generally recognized by informed scholarship that the discovery at Ras Shamra of so much of the literature of Canaan on the eve of the Hebrew settlement in Palestine inaugurated a new era in Old Testament study. To say nothing of the elucidation of the sociology of the ancient Near East by the administrative texts and the literary texts Krt and Aqht, and the illustration of religious practices such as seasonal rites and sacrifices, the longer mythological texts are of great value in helping us to a new appraisal of the poetry of the Old Testament. In the Psalms, Prophets, and the Book of Job the legacy of Canaan is particularly apparent especially in poetic structure, vocabulary, and imagery. Even the mythology of polytheistic Canaan was used to enrich orthodox Hebrew poetry as late as the post-Exilic period when the writer of the Book of Job refers to God's triumph over 'the primeval serpent' 1) which we know from the passage in Isaiah (xxvii 1) to have been 'Leviathan the primeval serpent..., Leviathan the tortuous serpent' 2), the same monster the death of which is celebrated in the Ras Shamra texts 3). If one reckoned all instances of form, style, and imagery common to Canaanite and Hebrew poets there is no doubt that one could not sufficiently emphasize the significance of the former for the study of the latter, and that is what ALBRIGHT has done repeatedly. MoWINCKEL, however, in his magisterial Offersang og Sangoffer is less


While 5G Edge Computing along with IoT technology has transformed the future of healthcare data transmission, it presents security vulnerabilities and risks when transmitting patients' confidential information. Currently, there are very few reliable security solutions available for healthcare data that routes through SDN routers in 5G Edge Computing. These solutions do not provide cryptographic security from IoT sensor devices. In this paper, we studied how 5G edge computing integrated with IoT network helps healthcare data transmission for remote medical treatment, explored security risks associated with unsecured data transmission, and finally proposed a cryptographic end-to-end security solution initiated at IoT sensor devices and routed through SDN routers. Our proposed solution with cryptographic security initiated at IoT sensor goes through SDN control plane and data plane in 5G edge computing and provides an end-to-end secured communication from IoT device to doctor's office. A prototype built with two-layer encrypted communication has been lab tested with promising results. This analysis will help future security implementation for eHealth in 5G and beyond networks.


Complex fragments with atomic numbers Z=4-25 were observed from the 6.4, 7.2, 8.0, 8.0, 9.6, 10.6, 11.5, and 12.4 MeV/u {sup 78,82,86}Kr + {sup 12}C reactions. Fragments were detected in two position-sensitive {Delta}E(gas)-E(Si) quad telescopes placed on either side of the beam. Charge and angular distributions, and source and emission velocities were measured for each Z-value. At each bombarding energy and for each Z-value the isotropic component of the angular distribution was integrated to obtain excitation functions for the compound nuclei, {sup 90,94,98}Mo. At a given bombarding energy and for given Z-value, the cross section decreases with increasing mass of the Mo isotopes. The experimental cross sections will be compared to statistical model calculations.


The general thesis that economic development and fertility decline are interrelated is substantiated in literature that discusses the successes of the newly industrialized countries of Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. When countries are developing rapidly, family planning accelerates the rate of fertility change, particularly among the poor uneducated rural population. Relying on economic and social development is not enough. National policy in Hong Kong, Singapore, Korea, and Taiwan recognized that population growth drains resources and the family planning programs operating since the 1960s contributed to a drop from 5 children/woman to 2 by 1988, and 70% of married couples used contraception. Coupled with this, age at marriage rose, contraception became more available, and educational and employment opportunities increased. Economically, the growth rate in the 1980's was 6-10% annually, with growth in the manufacturing and service sectors and export trade. Close economic ties evolved between governments and private sectors. Social development programs had been fully funded and gains evident in education, living standards, health care and nutrition, and life expectancy. The success of family planning is attributed to encouraging contraceptive awareness and use. Fertility reduction may occur with social and economic development, but no developing countries have reduced fertility without family planning. The relative importance of family planning may change over time, and reducing the cost through government sponsored family planning programs and encouraging the acceptability of contraceptive usage.


Objective To evaluate Swedish pharmacists' attitudes towards ePrescribing, including the transfer of ePrescriptions, electronic storing of prescriptions and mail‐order prescriptions.


The third edition of Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Control presents an updated compendium of contributions from a diverse group of public health professionals with expertise in chronic disease causation, prevention, and intervention. The book targets varied readers, from those in academia to those in public health practice. It provides a well-organized overview of the life course of major chronic diseases. Matthew McKenna and Janet Collins set the foundation for the importance of the topic by stressing that "the course of a chronic disease can be viewed as a continuum from the 'upstream' social and environmental determinants, to behavioral risk factors, chronic conditions, chronic diseases, and, finally, impairment, disability and ultimately death."


This paper describes effects of changing parameters of arc root model on arc behavior in arc gas flow analysis.Fuji Electric has developed arc simulation technology that couples thermal fluid analysis with electromagnetic field analysis to predict the behavior of arc generated by contact switching. The arc simulation technology has been applied to the development of our many products.At the surface where the arc is in contact with the electrode (arc root), temperature and electric potential change rapidly and complicated non-equilibrium phenomena occur, such as electron emission or absorption. To simplify these phenomena and to simulate with less computing power, we have been adopted the arc root model which is the voltage drop of arc root defined as a function of current density.It is known that electrode materials (e.g., Cu, Ag, Cu-W alloy) affect the behavior of arc root immobility, which has the strong relationship with the arc root model in our study. The effects of the arc root model parameters on arc behavior is shown with the result of arc simulations under various parameters. This study is the first step to reproduce changes of immobility behaviors by electrode materials with the arc simulation.


This invention is directed to diphenyl ethers having in the 3' position a radical of the formula: The products are prepared by reacting a 3'-halocarbonyl compound with an appropriate substituted hydroxyl amine. These compounds and their agronomically acceptable salts and compositions containing these compounds as active ingredients are selective herbicides.


We deal with the Tykhonov well-posedness of a time-dependent variational inequality defined on the unbounded interval of time ℝ+= [0, +∞ ), governed by a history-dependent operator. To this end we introduce the concept of Tykhonov triple, provide three relevant examples, then we state and prove the corresponding well-posedness results. This allows us to deduce various corollaries which illustrate the continuous dependence of the solution with respect to the data. Our results provide mathematical tools in the analysis of a large number of history-dependent problems which arise in Mechanics, Physics and Engineering Sciences. To give an example, we consider a mathematical model which describes the equilibrium of a viscoelastic body in frictionless contact with a rigid foundation.


The invention discloses a full-automatic production line for coating mortar on the surface of a vacuum heat-insulated heat preserving board by rolling. The full-automatic production line comprises a control cabinet, a conveying belt, a first mortar feeder, a first flattening roller, a first drying chamber, a turnover machine, a second mortar feeder, a second flattening roller, a second drying chamber and a curing chamber, wherein the conveying belt is supported on conveying wheels at the two ends of a frame; the conveying wheel at one end is in transmission connection with a motor; the first mortar feeder, the first flattening roller, the first drying chamber, the turnover machine, the second mortar feeder, the second flattening roller and the second drying chamber are arranged in sequence from a head end to a tail end above the conveying belt; and the curing chamber is formed outside the tail end of the conveying belt. The full-automatic production line has the advantages of capability of completing a mortar coating process on the two faces of the vacuum heat-insulated heat preserving board in a full automatic way, time and labor saving, high working efficiency and good product quality.


An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CXC chemokine receptor 2 antagonist AZD5069 directly binds to CXCR2 and inhibits its activation. This inhibits CXCR2-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in CXCR2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD5069 reduces both neutrophil recruitment and migration from the systemic circulation into sites of inflammation, including the lung mucosa; it may also prevent neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This results in the reduction of inflammation, mucus production, and neutrophil proteinase-mediated tissue destruction in the lung. CXCR2, a G protein-coupled receptor protein also known as IL-8 receptor B (IL-8RB), is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and progression; it is known to be elevated in several inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and fibrotic pulmonary disorders.


— The aim of this study is to determine the spine muscle activities of the driver. The AnyBody software was used to simulate the human body movements during the drive and to determine the spine muscle activities. To validate the simulation result a temographical experiment was made to register the back muscle activities. The simulation and the termographical experiment proved to be useful tools to determine spine musculoskeletal affections among drivers, and also can be used in the human-based ergonomic design of the vehicle's interior.


Polarization properties of radar waves that are scattered from atmospheric objects are of great interest in meteorological studies. However, polarimetric radar measurements are often not sufficiently accurate for retrieving physical properties of targets. To compensate for errors, radar polarimetric calibration is applied. Typical calibrations are performed based on measurements of point targets with known scattering matrices located in the boresight of the antenna. Such calibration takes into account the polarization state of the antenna pattern only at one point. Since radar measurements of atmospheric phenomena involve distributed targets that fill the full antenna beam, point target radar calibrations are inadequate for meteorological studies. This paper explains in detail the effects of the complete antenna patterns on weather echoes. It is shown that the conventional polarimetric calibration can be significantly improved by incorporating light-rain (,20 dBZ) zenith-pointing measurements into the calibration procedure. As a result, the sensitivity of cross-polar measurements can be improved by 7 dB on average. Also it is shown that the bias in co-cross-polar correlation coefficient can be reduced.


Incorporating
structural-coupling constraint, known as the cross-gradients criterion, helps
to improve the focussing trend in cross-plot of multiple physical properties.
Based on this feature, a post-processing
technique is studied to characterize the lithological types of subsurface
geological materials after joint inversion. A simple domain transform, which
converts two kinds of participant physical properties into an artificial
complex array, is adopted to extract anomalies manually from homogenous host
rock. A synthetic example shows that structure-coupled joint inverted results
tend to concentrate on the feature trends in the cross-plot, and the main
geological targets are recovered well by a radius-azimuth plot. In a field data
example, the lithological characterization reveals
that the main rock types interpreted in the study area agree with the
geological information, thus demonstrating the feasibility of this technique.


INTRODUCTION
Using the National Cancer Database, we assessed the relationship between facility overall esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) case volume and survival.

METHODS
We categorized facilities into volume quintiles based on annual EAC patient volume and performed a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression between facility patient volume and survival.

RESULTS
In a cohort of 116,675 patients, facilities with higher vs lower (≥25 vs 1-4 cases) annual EAC patient volume demonstrated improved survival (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.80. 95% confidence interval: 0.70-0.91).

DISCUSSION
This robust volume-outcome effect calls for centralization of care for EAC patients at high annual case volume facilities.


Leisure activities of students are considered in the article from the point of view of the activity approach. The article reveals the role of leisure in the development of the personality of a student of a higher pedagogical educational institution. Leisure needs of students are analyzed


The authors report the fabrication of ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet junction devices using a ramp-edge geometry based on (La{sub 0.7}Sr{sub 0.3})MnO{sub 3} ferromagnetic electrodes and a SrTiO{sub 3} insulator. The multilayer thin films were deposited using pulsed laser deposition and the devices were patterned using photolithography and ion milling. As expected from the spin-dependent tunneling, the junction magnetoresistance depends on the relative orientation of the magnetization in the electrodes. The maximum junction magnetoresistance (JMR) of 30% is observed below 300 Oe at low temperatures (T < 100 K).


Climatic and ecological environmental factors constitute the objective and subjective sides of life quality. The influence of weather and climate for health is very important. As the complex system is consi- dered a model of 3-dimensional phase space, a box, inside of this is a quasi-attractor behavior parameters of me- teo environment. The paper deals with the comparative analysis of the dynamics of meteorological factors of environment in the phase space of states in the framework of the theory of chaos and stochastic laws. The au- thors used their own program on the example of two territorial zones - an average strip of Russia and the North- ern territory (n. Nizhnesortymsky Khanty-Ugra). It is important to note that the air temperature as an essential feature, it is practically not manifested itself in assessing the importance of parameters for Samara in contrast to Nizhnesortymsk. The used method allowed to determine the parameters of the order and to their ranking and to identify the most important characteristics in a comparative perspective the two territorial zones. It was post- ulated the equality between weather a climate parameters and cardio-vascular system parameter. It is postulated that the dynamics of meteorological parameters is similar to the dynamics of the cardiovascular system.


The present invention, as will become worktable and horizontally, the rotary body is placed by a specified distance spaced apart vertically; is placed at the center of the rotating body, designated motion rotating body is driven by a first driver rotary shaft rotates at a speed; and, installed at one side end of the rotary member, the rotation angle of the rotating body, the speed change rate based on the processing size of the motion velocity and the workpiece, the laser beam of the workpiece characterized in that it comprises a scanner for irradiating the machined portion, to provide an electrode foil cutting device and method. .The


Acknowledgments The authors sincerely thank the seven anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, criticism and suggestions. its technical staff is appreciated.


Abstract 3177 Background: Patients with Beta-thalassemia major develop progressive iron overload in various organs. Cardiac siderosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients, and also poses a significant treatment challenge. Methods: We have reviewed 101 beta-thalassemia major patients 39 Male (M) 62 Female (F) with a mean age of 27.9 (range: 2 to 60 years). All received regular transfusions to maintain pre transfusion Hb levels of 9 to10 gm/dl and all received iron chelation initially with deferoxamine (DFO) and subsequently treated with deferasirox (DFX) or deferiprone (DFP) in combination with DFO. Each patient was monitored yearly for iron excess by hepatic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2*. They were also assessed with monthly evaluations for liver and renal function (Bili, AST, ALT, BUN, Creatinine), serum ferritin, CBC (or weekly if on DFP), and urinalysis. Annual EKG, ECHO, hearing and vision testing and endocrine evaluations were also performed. The patients were grouped according to the severity of cardiac siderosis. Mild to moderate cardiac siderosis was defined as a T2* 12–20 msec and severe cardiac siderosis T2*≤ 11 msec. Annual studies were compared using paired student T test and repeated measures Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) when necessary. Patient population: Twenty one of the 101 patients (7M and 14F) with a mean age of 30.6 yr, age range 15 to 56 yr, had abnormal cardiac T2* of Data analysis: At the time of their first annual MRI study (baseline), 8 patients were on DFO of which 6 were switched to DFX, 13 patients were on DFX, 11 patients were dose escalated on DFX, and 4 patients were switched to combination chelation with DFO and DFP. At baseline, patients with severe cardiac siderosis had a mean cardiac T2* level = 7.4 ± 0.47 SEM (range: 4.6 to 11msec). Over the treatment course of 6 years annual cardiac T2* levels consistently improved and by 6 years cardiac T2* reached a mean level =14.3 ±1.5 SEM (range: 12 to 17 ms) (Fig 1). Those patients who at baseline had a mild to moderate cardiac siderosis with mean cardiac T2* of 14.6 ± 1.02 SEM (range: 12 to 19 msec) improved by 3 years of treatment when they achieved a mean cardiac T2* of 26.3 ± 3.4 SEM (range of 16 to 42 msec) (Fig 2). Liver iron concentration (LIC) was measured annually by MRI. Initially the majority, 16 out of 21 of patients, had hepatic iron overload LIC ≤ 10 mg/ gm dw of whom 56% (9 of the 16) had severe cardiac siderosis. 5 of 21 patients had a LIC > 15 mg/ gm dw of whom 80% (4 out of 5) patients had severe cardiac siderosis (Fig 3). Patients with LIC ≤10 mg/ gm dw had ferritin levels ranging from 166 to 3240 μg/ dl and patients with LIC >15 mg/ gm dw had elevated serum ferritin levels of 1180 to 17,000 μg/ dl. Patients with severe cardiac siderosis had mean MRI ejection fraction (EF)= 55.8% (range: 31 to 70%) while patients with mild to moderate cardiac siderosis had mean MRI EF= 60% (range: 53 to 66%). One patient with severe cardiac siderosis was recovering from symptomatic congestive heart failure. Conclusion: Cardiac siderosis can be noninvasively diagnosed utilizing MRI T2* techniques and subsequently to monitor treatment. The majority of patients improve cardiac T2* over time with optimal chelation therapy. Severe cardiac siderosis occurs even with mild to moderate hepatic iron overload. Left ventricular EF may not predict severe cardiac siderosis. Therefore it is important to annually monitor cardiac siderosis with MRI T2*. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


PURPOSE: A method for changing a standby screen of a mobile phone is provided to variously change a standby screen of a mobile phone according to an inclination of the mobile phone without operating buttons, thereby realizing various standby screens. CONSTITUTION: A system receives a command for changing a standby screen from a mobile phone user(S1). The system outputs a signal including the size of a posture change of a mobile phone and direction information showing the posture change through a posture change sensor, which is mounted on the mobile phone by responding to the command(S2). The system accesses a standby screen provider where standby screens corresponding to the outputted signal are stored, and extracts a standby screen corresponding to a signal showing a predetermined mobile phone posture change(S3). The system changes a standby screen of the mobile phone into the extracted standby screen, and displays the changed standby screen on a display(S4).


Matrix exponential discriminant analysis (EDA) is a generalized discriminant analysis method based on matrix exponential. It can essentially overcome the intrinsic difficulty of small sample size problem that exists in the classical linear discriminant analysis (LDA). However, for data with high dimension, one has to solve a large matrix exponential eigenproblem in this method, and the time complexity is dominated by the computation of exponential of large matrices. In this paper, we propose two inexact Krylov subspace algorithms for solving the large matrix exponential eigenproblem effectively. The contribution of this work is threefold. First, we consider how to compute matrix exponential-vector products efficiently, which is the key step in the Krylov subspace method. Second, we compare the discriminant analysis criterion of EDA and that of LDA from a theoretical point of view. Third, we establish a relationship between the accuracy of the approximate eigenvectors and the distance to nearest neighbour classifier, and show why the matrix exponential eigenproblem can be solved approximately in practice. Numerical experiments on some real-world databases show superiority of our new algorithms over many state-of-the-art algorithms for face recognition.


Compared to other approaches to improving digital image correlation (DIC) measurement accuracy, improving image quality is becoming increasingly effective. Image noise level, which is the main indicator of image quality, is very sensitive to the configurations of an imaging system and affects DIC measurement accuracy. However, the mechanism by which the imaging configurations affect accuracy is unclear. In this study, the influence of imaging configuration on DIC measurement accuracy was investigated using the common factor of noise. Firstly, the type and levels of noise introduced into actual images by different imaging system configurations were investigated. Next, the effect of noise on DIC measurement accuracy was determined using simulated images. Finally, the effects of imaging configuration on DIC measurement accuracy were experimentally investigated using actual measurements. The results show that both camera-related and lens-related configurations affect DIC measurement accuracy. In particular, lengthening the exposure time and reducing the f-number of the lens achieve similar improvement in DIC measurement accuracy, and a prime lens with high light transmittance is recommended for full-field optical measurements. In contrast, the imaging gain does not affect the accuracy of DIC measurements.


Objective To study the effects of nursing interference on transient ischemic attack(TIA) and prevent the cerebral stroke for old patients after leaving the hospital.Methods 30 cases of TIA were advised with psychology,diet,drug,sport and regular life.Results 6 cases of (20%) relapsed TIA and 1 case(3.33%) suffered from cerebral infarction.Conclusions Keeping nursing interference of TIA old patients after leaving the hospital can reduce TIA and cerebral stroke attack.


Considerable evidence supports the notion that higher job stress is associated with lower quality of life (QOL), which is an increasingly common indicator to assess an individual's general health status, mental health and well-being. Those with higher emotional intelligence (EI) levels are more aware of their emotions and have more effective coping strategies to deal with stress-related emotions, all of which lead to higher levels of well-being. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to explore the relationships between EI, job stress and QOL among tour guides, who significantly influence tourists' impressions of a destination. The obtained results indicated that EI was inversely correlated with occupational stress and positively associated with QOL, and a negative link was seen between job stress and QOL. In practice, the results can provide information for developing interventions to enhance tour guides' competencies of EI and stress management, which result in higher levels of QOL.


Oil spill accidents from ship or oil platform cause damage to marine and coastal environment and ecosystems. To monitor such spill events from space, fully polarimetric (Pol-SAR) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been greatly used in improving oil spill observation. Aiming to promote ocean oil spill classification accuracy, we developed a new oil spill identification method by combining multiple fully polarimetric SAR features data with an optimized wavelet neural network classifier (WNN). Two sets of RADARSAT-2 fully polarimetric SAR data are applied to test the validity of the developed method. The experimental results show that: (1) the convergence ability of optimized WNN can be enhanced, improving overall classification accuracy of ocean oil spill, in comparison to the classification results based on a common un-optimized WNN classifier; and (2) the joint use of the multiple fully Pol-SAR features as the inputs of the classifier can achieve better classification result than that only with single fully Pol-SAR feature. The developed method can improve classification accuracy by 4.96% and 7.75%, compared with the classification results with un-optimized WNN and only with one single fully polarimetric SAR feature. The classification overall accuracy based on the proposed approach can reach 97.67%. Experimental results have proven that the proposed approach is effective and applicable to classify the ocean oil spill.