Preliminary designs of the Mars Science Laboratory required it to be attached through its aeroshell to the main spacecraft bus, thereby producing cavities in the heat shield. Several configurations were considered experimentally for the Mars Science Laboratory, which have a Viking aeroshell heritage and provide the lift to drag required for precision landing. To study the effects of the cavities and control surfaces on the heating levels experienced by the heat shield, an experimental aeroheating investigation was performed at the NASA Langley Research Center in the 20-Inch Mach 6 Air Tunnel. Three configurations were studied experimentally. The first configuration was the baseline without any control surface. The last two include a blended tab control surface and a blended shelf control surface. The effects of Reynolds number, angle of attack, and cavity size and location on aeroheating levels and distributions were determined for each configuration and are presented. To aid the interpretation of the effects of the cavities, laminar, thin-layer Navier-Stokes flowfield solutions were performed for the baseline configuration and were then postprocessed to calculate relevant boundary-layer properties. It was found that the effect of the cavities varied with angle of attack, freestream Reynolds number, and cavity size and location. The presence of a cavity raised local heating rates by as much as 250% and the downstream heating rates by as much as 325% as a result of boundary-layer transition. Forebody cavities had no effect on afterbody heating, and the presence of control surfaces decreased leeward afterbody heating slightly.


Irradiation of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone (2) (Emorfazone) with ultraviolet (UV)-visible light in the presence of 1, 3, 7, 9-tetrabutyl-2, 4, 6, 8(1H, 3H, 7H, 9H)-pyrimido-[5, 4-g]pteridinetetrone 5-oxide (1a), followed by chromatography of the reaction mixture, resulted in the isolation of 5-(2, 3-dihydro-1, 4-oxazin-4-yl)-4-ethoxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone (3), 4-ethoxy-5-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-2-methyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone (4), 4-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-4-morpholino-3(2H)-pyrazolone (5), 4, 4'-bi[4-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3(2H)-pyrazolone] (6) and 1, 3, 7, 9-tetrabutyl-2, 4, 6, 8(1H, 3H, 7H, 9H)-pyrimido[5, 4-g]pteridinetetrone (1b). The product 3 is produced as a result of photochemical dehydrogenation of 2 by 1a. The formation of the morpholine-ring-opening product 4, one of the metabolites of 2, was proved to occur via the autoxidation of 3 and subsequent stepwise ring cleavage in the presence of oxygen and moisture. The formation of the novel ring-contracted product 5 involves oxygen-atom transfer from 1a to 2 in an excited state. The dimer 6 was shown to be a secondary product formed by further photolysis of 5.


We derive the chlorophyll a concentration (Chla) for three main phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) – diatoms, coccolithophores and cyanobacteria – by combining satellite multispectral-based information, being of a high spatial and temporal resolution, with retrievals based on high resolution of PFT absorption properties derived from hyperspectral satellite measurements. The multispectral-based PFT Chla retrievals are based on a revised version of the empirical OC-PFT algorithm applied to the Ocean Color Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) total Chla product. The PhytoDOAS analytical algorithm is used with some modifications to derive PFT Chla from SCIAMACHY hyperspectral measurements. To combine synergistically these two PFT products (OC-PFT and PhytoDOAS), an optimal interpolation is performed for each PFT in every OC-PFT sub-pixel within a PhytoDOAS pixel, given its Chla and its a priori error statistics. The synergistic product (SynSenPFT) is presented for the period of August 2002 March 2012 and evaluated against PFT Chla data obtained from in situ marker pigment data and the NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model simulations and satellite information on phytoplankton size. The most challenging aspects of the SynSenPFT algorithm implementation are discussed. Perspectives on SynSenPFT product improvements and prolongation of the time series over the next decades by adaptation to Sentinel multi- and hyperspectral instruments are highlighted.


We present results on dijet and W+dijet production at hadron colliders obtained by supplementing the leading log BFKL resummation with energy and momentum conservation. For pure dijet production, the inclusion of the BFKL radiation in the energy conservation leads to a decrease in the parton flux sufficient to counter-act the expected exponential increase in the cross section obtained for the partonic cross section. Other BFKL signatures such as the dijet azimuthal angle decorrelation do still survive.


Although Pakistani leaders often describe the dispute over Kashmir as the "core issue" between India and Pakistan, Pakistani policy is driven by a deeper fear of India and about Pakistan's national identity. Pakistan's approach to the resolution of the Kashmir dispute has been characterized by a series of tactical moves, lacking a coherent strategy or a planned end game. Only a sustained peace process can address the multiple factors that give rise to Indian and Pakistani suspicions about each other's intentions and Pakistani tactics designed to prolong the conflict in the hope of eventually altering the status quo. Pakistan does not have a clearly thought out endgame in Kashmir and attending to its insecurities could be one of way of ensuring the emergence of a realistic endgame without violence.


Handicraft activity (craft) is a holistic professional activity aimed at the production of goods and services for individual orders, in small batches and to meet the utilitarian, aesthetic, everyday needs of citizens and economic objects. Craftsman – a skilled worker, the head of a craft enterprise directly involved in the production of products and the provision of services of recognized quality for individual orders in small, medium-sized enterprises or the process of individual entrepreneurial activity At the present stage of economic development, an important role is played by small and medium-sized enterprises, most of which are handicrafts. Such enterprises need highly qualified artisan workers who possess not only technical skills but also issues of organizing production, economic and legal knowledge.


The electrochemical migration (ECM) mechanism occurs at the presence of moisture in the case of operating circuits and resulted in shorts (dendrites) between adjacent conductor traces. Dendrite growth occurs as a result of metal ions being dissolved into a solution from the anode and deposited at the cathode, thereby growing in tree-like formations. In this study the water condensation process and ECM behavior of Ni, Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) and Cu (as reference) was investigated using Thermal-Humidity-Bias (THB) test. Preliminary results shows that Ni and ENIG surface finishes have lower MTTF values than Cu.


The invention part of the tomato, tomato lycopene-containing material, a derivative thereof or tomato extracts sheath by a heat treatment extending in a solvent in the solvent to a method of preparing a stable composition which is lycopene (Z isomers) thick. Lycopene, tomatoes


In this work, we reported an efficient and universal method to fabricate perovskite quantum dot (PQD) solar cells with enhanced efficiency. Through dissolving an optimal amount of conjugated polymers in a PQD matrix solution to fabricate a polymer-QD bulk heterojunction hybrid layer located at PQD/hole transporting layer (HTL) interfaces, the resultant solar cell devices exhibit significantly enhanced short-circuit current density and efficiency. In-depth characterization indicates that adding an optimal amount of conjugated polymers to the PQD film can effectively reduce pin-holes, resulting in more efficient interfacial charge transfer and decreased carrier recombination loss. More importantly, it shows that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the conjugated polymer is crucial for achieving improved carrier transport at the PQD/HTL interfaces. Through rational selection of conjugated polymers, we achieved the best power conversion efficiency of ∼14% and 13.2% for CsPbI3 and FAPbI3 PQD based solar cells respectively, placing them at the forefront of all reported PQD solar cells. These findings will provide insights into well controlling organic–inorganic interfaces to improve current PQD based photovoltaic (PV) devices.


THE ART OF THE GROTESQUE is developed by Eugene Ionesco in Amedee or How to Get Rid of It in the growing corpse, a dramatically effective image which along with the proliferating, giant mushrooms contributes elements of both the macabre and burlesque, and in the overall chaotic situation of the dehumanized couple Amedee and Madeleine. A corpse with the ability to grow is not an overused literary subject, but such a corpse is introduced in the first section of T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land: "That corpse you planted last year in your garden. / Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year?" While the corpse may express the idea that the past cannot be interred, it may also suggest that death must precede rebirth. On a lighter side, Robert Service's "The Cremation of Sam McGee" describes a seemingly growing corpse in the lines, "With a corpse half hid that I couldn't get rid .... / And every day that quiet clay seemed to heavy and heavier grow." In spite of a macabre subject, Service develops a humorous poem.


The new automated iterative Hirshfeld atom refinement method is explained and validated through comparison of structural models of Gly–l-Ala obtained from synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction data at 12, 50, 150 and 295 K. Structural parameters involving hydrogen atoms are determined with comparable precision from both experiments and agree mostly to within two combined standard uncertainties.


The potential usefulness of nutrition research involving problems of public health importance is once more being recognized in Britain. During the Second World War the relevance of nutrition to national planning and the war economy ensured its priority status. The newly acquired understanding of vitamin deficiencies also led many scientists to turn their attention to nutrition research. The apparent improvement in health during the Second World War with the changes in the national diet was taken as a vindication of previous research efforts and the new Understanding of nutritional requirements for health. As a consequence many scientists left for the more exotic fields of biochemistry and genetics and recruitment to Nutrition flagged. Most of the interesting opportunities for Nutrition research seemed to be in University Departments or Research Units involved with nutrition work overseas where problems of widespread malnutrition had just been recognized. This emphasis on malnutrition was not misplaced for the Medical Research Council units in both Jamaica and Uganda made substantial contributions to understanding malnutrition both at a metabolic level and in terms of the patterns of diet and intercurrent diseases that lead to infantile malnutrition in tropical communities. Nevertheless during the late 1960's and early 1970's prospects for aspiring nutritional scientists deteriorated further as three of the four nutrition research units supported by the Medical Research Council were closed. Nutrition seemed to be entering the doldrums at a time when the public and the Government were demanding more control of scientists and a greater emphasis on "applied" and "relevant" research. Fortunately the Agricultural and Medical Research Councils, who were reassessing their policies at this time, took the unusual step of asking a joint committee to formulate recommendations for Nutrition Research. The "Neuberger report", an erudite document, emerged and was immediately criticized for both its academic presentation and for its bias towards basic rather than social and applied aspects of nutrition.


It seems that 25 years ago plant cell walls were different than they are now. I don't mean physically different, of course—they were made of the same old stuff—I mean conceptually different. Let me try to explain. Much of the plant body (and in large plants the bulk of it) is comprised of cell


Two mercury(II) complexes [(bmppa)Hg(ClO4)]ClO4 {1, bmppa = N,N-bis(2-methylthio)ethyl-N-[(6-pivaloylamido-2-pyridyl)methyl]amine} and [(beppa)Hg(ClO4)]ClO4 {2, beppa = N,N-bis(2-ethylthio)ethyl-N-[(6-pivaloylamido-2-pyridyl)-methyl]amine} of N2S2(thioether)O(amide)-donor chelate ligands have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography and/or spectroscopic methods. In the solid state, the HgII ion of 2 exhibits an overall coordination number of six and strong amide oxygen coordination. Comprehensive multinuclear NMR studies of 1 and 2 have yielded the first J and J coupling constants associated with a Hg–RSCH3 methyl group. In the presence of one equivalent of Me4NOH·5H2O in methanol/acetonitrile solution, theamide appendages of 1 and 2 undergo alcoholysis. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)


Eye movements are an important aspect of human visual behavior. The temporal and space-variant nature of sampling a visual scenes requires frequent attentional gaze shifts, saccades, to fixate onto different parts of an image. Fixations are often directed towards the most informative regions in the visual scene. We introduce a model and its simulation that can select such regions based on prior knowledge of similar scenes. Having representations of scene categories as probabilistic combination of hypothetical objects, i.e., prototypical regions with certain properties, it is possible to assess the likely contribution of each image region to the successive recognition process. The regions are obtained by segmenting low-resolution images using the normalized cut algorithm. Based on low-level features, such as average color, size, position, regions are clustered into a small set of hypothetical objects. Using conditions probabilities for each object given the scene category, the model can then predict the informative value of the corresponding region and initiate a sequential spatial information-gathering algorithm analogous to an eye movement saccade to a new fixation. The article demonstrates how the initial hypothesis determines the next region of interest to visit and how these scene hypotheses are affected by sequentially visiting each new image region.


In Sweden social work with homeless people is dominated by "Treatment First" (or the staircase model). The Treatment First models weak results in combating homelessness has increased the interest for Housing First. In 2015 we started a participatory design-oriented research project in the City of Helsingborg in Sweden that aims to implement principles of Housing First in a social housing programme which previously was based on the Treatment First model. The programme includes about 500 social housing apartments and about 50 social workers. Treatment First and Housing First is built on two different perspectives on treatment and social work. The Treatment First model housing is based on control and requirements. Housing First is based on an emphasis on the relationship between the social worker and the client. The professional social workers have to manage these competing logics.


This paper discusses control of seeded batch cooling crystallizers by supersaturation tracking control. Batch crystallization is characterized by nonlinear behavior throughout the complete batch period. In this paper, state feedback linearization is used to create a linear input-output mapping for the absolute supersaturation. It is shown that by implementation of a nominal state feedback law, the nonlinear model can be represented by an uncertain linear model with an input disturbance. This method can be used to account for parametric model uncertainty in the design of a robust ℋ∞-controller. Simulation results of control with an ℋ∞-controller and a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) in combination with state feedback linearization reported.


+ Clarke, M T; + Lee, P T H; + Rushton, N. + University of Cambridge, England. Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition of synovial joints involving the destruction of articular hyaline cartilage. In the 1970's, 'viscosupplementation' with hyaluronan was proposed as a potential treatment for OA with the idea that it would improve joint lubrication. However, despite studies showing its ability to reduce pain, the fact that the resident time within a joint (48 hours) is much less than its clinical effect (often several months) along with pharmacological effects on chondroctyes and synoviocytes has confirmed that injected hyaluronan acts as a pharmaceutical rather than as a lubricant as originally thought [1,2]. For this reason, the effects of artificially lubricating an arthritic joint have not previously been adequately investigated. This study examines the effect of injecting an inert, synthetic lubricant on the development of OA in a surgically induced model of osteoarthritis in the adult guinea pig [3]. Our initial hypothesis was that totally synthetic, highly inert, perfluoroalkylethers (PFAE) with appropriate viscosities (3,000-30,000 centistokes) could perform optimally as mechanical joint lubricants to prevent OA. These nonimmunogenic long chain polymers are based on inert fluorine polymer chemistry and contain only carbon, oxygen and fluorine in their molecule and are highly resistant to all forms of chemical interaction.


The AGU journal Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists is changing its aims and scope, removing its by-invitation requirement and adding several new community-serving article formats.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Serum tumor markers have emerged as an effective tool to determine prognosis and treatment efficiency in different cancer types. This study aimed to explore the chemotherapy monitoring efficiency and prognostic sensitivity of tumor-associated cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in early (II) and late (IV) clinical stage breast cancer. Methods: CA 15-3 and CEA serum levels were assessed in 56 breast cancer patients at early (n = 26) and late (n = 30) clinical stages with these primary inclusion criteria: those who received adjuvant chemotherapy AC (adriamycin and cyclophosphamide) or AC-T (adriamycin and cyclophosphamide followed by taxane) regimens and possessed tumors negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) based on a particle-enhanced turbidimetric assay. Results: CA 15-3 had a higher elevation than CEA in the pretreatment group of breast cancer patients when compared to healthy controls. Late-stage patients showed higher positive serum levels than early-stage patients for both markers, with a preference for CA 15-3 over CEA. AC-T chemotherapy regimen treatment in both clinical stages revealed a significantly higher level of both markers as compared to the AC regime, with a preference for CA 15-3 over CEA in late stage. Both markers were significantly higher in the late-stage group as compared to early-stage groups for both chemotherapy regimens. Conclusions: CA 15-3 is more efficient as a prognostic monitoring marker than CEA and reveals a positive connection between chemotherapy regimen system and staging, with increased observability in late-stage patients.


The classified file management control state at present was analyzed at first in the paper. Then, according to improve the security and the management capability of the inside network information, the classified file management and control system was designed, which consists of three modules: the management control platform, the electronic file examine and approve system, and the classified moving flash disk. The functions of each module were designed in detail. Through the design, the system was given the functions, which are collectively storage, unified management and monitoring control in the whole course for the classified file, so as to achieve the aim of prevention in advance, trail afterwards under the classified file use course, and control the channel of revealing the classified information from the mobile medium effectively.


ASTM D3363 of less than about HB in scale, or ASTM D2134 golf ball having a soft outer surface coating having a hardness of less than about 40 at scale. Soft outer surface coating, polyurethane may contain a hydroxyl functional silicone material or hydroxyl functional fluoro material. The method of manufacturing a golf ball. Golf balls having a soft outer surface coating, without degrading the performance in essentially driver shots compared to the performance of the golf ball of the uncoated, shows a high spin rate in a short shot.


Frat proteins are potent activators of canonical Wnt-signal transduction. By binding to GSK3, Frat prevents the phosphorylation and concomitant degradation of β-catenin and allows the activation of downstream target genes by β-catenin/TCF complexes. The identification of the Xenopus Frat homologue GBP as an essential component of the maternal Wnt-pathway during embryonic axis formation suggested that Frat might fulfill a similar role in higher vertebrates. As a result most, if not all, studies addressing Frat function have focused on its ability to bind GSK3 and to induce signaling through β-catenin/TCF. Consequently, Frat has been advocated as the "missing link" that bridged signaling from Dishevelled to GSK3 in the canonical Wntpathway. Here we will review the studies that have been conducted on Frat proteins to date, with a specific focus on those that implicate a role for Frat in Wnt-signal transduction. In addition, we will discuss potential alternatives for the endogenous function of Frat. 1 Adapted from: van Amerongen R. and Berns A. (2005) Re-evaluating the role of Frat in Wnt-signal transduction Cell Cycle 4(8): 1065-1072


The aid and right protection for orphan and handicapped children is an important part of the people's livelihood and it plays an important role in the social aid career.At the same time,it arouses a lot of concern in all walks of our society.With economic and social development and progress these years,the aid and right protection for orphan and handicapped children has gone into a good future with its level and quality improving year by year.But due to the influence of the regional economic development,policy conditions,aid proportion,aid standard,etc.,the aid and right protection for orphan and handicapped children in some places still lags behind,which has affected the overall level of orphan and disabled children's aid.The article took a further research about the life assurance and welfare service of the orphan and handicapped children in Chongqing,point out the problems in the aid and right protection for orphan and handicapped children.


Competition policy is often viewed as an area where maximising economic efficiency is the exclusive aim. Dealing with broader policy concerns, such as redistribution or environmental protection, is the job of the legislator, not the competition enforcer. In this thesis, it is argued that, in the case of EC competition policy, this approach is wrong. In reaching this conclusion, legal, governance and economic arguments are relied upon. It is argued that environmental factors have not, in general, been given sufficient weight in the application of EC competition law to date. This is true for the competition rules applicable to private undertakings (particularly Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty) as well as those applicable to the state (particularly Article 87 of the EC Treaty)


The difference between Chinese proverbs and English culture will have big influence on cross cultural communication if dealt with improperly. This article tried to analyze such elements as social culture, historical culture and religious culture which should be paid attention to when translating. Depending on different circumstances, this article put forward three translation strategies like literal translation, free translation, and corresponding translation. Besides, it also came up with some suggestion to the translation of Chinese proverbs: to describe colloquially, to maintain Chinese specific features, and not to misinterpret words' meaning. Therefore, translators can be qualified for the job only after the master of both English culture and Chinese culture.


SUMMARY. Statistical analysis of the men in two auxiliaries of the Massachusetts Society for the Suppression of Intemperance revealed a surprisingly broad and heterogeneous membership and complex attitudes toward total abstinence, drunkards, and law enforcement.


The invention relates to provide a demisting or anti-icing systems for optical apparatus equipped with the protective case (1). The device according to The invention: - porthole (2) by thermal conduction film disposed on the edge of the effective area (7) is at least a portion of the surface is covered, and portholes (2) mounted in a protective case (1), - heating element is placed in contact with the thermally conductive film to heat the heat conductive film (8), - the electrical supply circuit for these heating elements (8) (9, 10), Characterized in that it comprises a. .FIELD 1


Rapid ascent to altitude in susceptible persons may result in severe hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, and even pulmonary edema. This life-threatening syndrome affects approximately 1% of climbers...


Fernando Solanas' 1992 film El viaje (The Journey), released in time for the Columbus Quincentennial, tells the tale of a teenage boy, Martin, who crosses Latin America in search of his father, himself, and his American continental identity: topics deemed eminent for this world-wide "celebration." As Martin proceeds on bicycle beginning in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina and travelling northward to Oaxaca, Mexico, he uncovers a 500-year-old already once discovered America. In addition to the scenic wonders of the continent that readily entrance the spectator, Martin's journey weaves in and out of history and myth, past and present, a comic strip invented by his father, and several metaphorical depictions of the territory and its people. Still images taken from the comics meld into the fantastic reality of the diegetic space, where events, people and legends become the target of a humorous yet ideologically pointed criticism. Set in the near future, the plot predicts the ultimate continental doom, induced by neo-liberal political figures in office at the time of the release of the film, in particular Presidents Carlos Saul Menem of Argentina and Fernando Collor de Melo of Brazil. During their presidencies, Menem (1989-1999) and Collor de Mello (1990-1992), both implemented harsh neo-liberal policies of cutbacks and privatization. Succeeding transitional governments Raul Alfonsin (1983-1989) in Argentina and Jose Sarey (1985-1990) in Brazil, Menem and Collor de Mello attained massive support with their modernizing platforms and anti-corruption discourses. More so than their predecessors, these two political figures were notorious for cultivating a flamboyant image vis-a-vis the press, and consequently becoming media products themselves. Both were key in implementing policies detrimental to the support of the national cinema and/or audiovisual industries. Collor de Mello directly undermined national filmmaking by eliminating governmentally established bodies such as the Conselho Nacional de Cinema (Concine) and Empresa Brasileira de Filmes S.A. (Embrafilme), before being impeached in 1992 for a public works scandal. Menem, on the other hand, won re-election in 1995 and spent 10 years in office. Once in power, one of the first things that Menem privatized,


1 Ankara University School of Medicine , Department of Cardiology Central vein catheterization is a common procedure but it has potential fatal complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax or arterial injury. We present a 74 year old female who was suffered a subclavien artery pseudoaneurysm because of accidental arterial puncture during the subclavien venous catheterizations. The patient was treated by stent graft by percutaneously due to high surgical risk.


Tight profit margins have downstream companies picking up the pieces merely to survive. The strategic combinations that companies are finding for those pieces will determine success in the fairly depressed market.


CONGESTION (STOP-AND-GO DRIVING) OCCURS REGULARLY DURING PEAKS ON CERTAIN SECTIONS OF THE FREEWAY SYSTEM. IT IS CAUSED BY TRAFFIC DEMANDS EXCEEDING CAPACITY AT A FEW BOTTLENECK SECTIONS. FLOW THROUGH THE BOTTLENECK IS SMOOTH: UP-STREAM OF THE BOTTLENECK, THERE ARE QUEUES WHICH CAUSE THE STOP-AND-GO NATURE OF THE STREAM. SOME THEORY OF TRAFFIC FLOW IS GIVEN (VERY QUALITATIVELY) TO SHOW HOW CERTAIN FIGURES OF MERIT ARE IMPROVED. THE MOST IMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS WITH REGARD TO RAMP CONTROL ARE: (1) CAPACITY OF A BOTTLENECK DOES NOT INCREASE WITH RAMP CONTROL. (2) SLIGHT SACRIFICES IN OPTIMUM FREEWAY CONTROL THAT SOMETIMES ARE MADE TO INSURE GOOD STREET OPERATION ARE NOT CRITICAL. (3) RANDOM MERGING OF SINGLE VEHICLES OR SMALL PLATOONS IS SATISFACTORY AT USUAL RAMPS. (4) IT IS BETTER TO OPERATE AT SLIGHTLY BELOW CAPACITY TO ALLOW FOR RECOVERY FROM INCIDENTS WHICH ALWAYS OCCUR. (5) SHARP REDUCTIONS IN METERING RATES THAT WOULD BE REQUIRED TO DISSIPATE CONGESTION ARE USUALLY NOT POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF THE SEVERE CONGESTION THAT WOULD RESULT ON SURFACE STREETS. (6) UNLESS GOOD INFORMATION CAN BE GIVEN TO DRIVERS APPROACHING METERED RAMPS, SHARP FLUCTUATIONS OF METERING RATES ARE NOT ADVISABLE. /BPR/


The present study was carried out to examine the performance of two high-resolution mesoscale/regional atmospheric models to provide real time short range forecast during the GSLV-F01 launch on 20 September 2004. The main objective was to provide vertical shear of horizontal wind, which is very important for launch operations. The models are integrated to provide forecasts 36 h in advance. The model predictions are compared with observations and their performances are evaluated in terms of statistical skill scores. The mesoscale model of Pennsylvania State University (PSU)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) MM5 was found to perform better than the High-resolution Regional Model (HRM) though marginally. Performance of MM5 model was further investigated after improvement of model initial condition with insertion of conventional observations into the large-scale global analysis to perform reanalysis at high resolution (horizontal resolution of 9 km). Results indicate significant improvement in model performance with improvement in initial condition.


The Bamenda Health District has frequently been hit by vaccine-preventable diseases, which are sometimes either not well reported or even neglected. This was the motivation behind the research topic "Health Care Attitude and Behaviour Regarding Vaccination Campaigns and Challenges encountered in the Bamenda Health District (BHD), Cameroon". The main objective of the study was to carry out a survey of the health care attitude and behaviour regarding vaccination campaigns, as well as challenges encountered in the Bamenda Health District (BHD) by the population and public health actors and stakeholders. We carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional and explorative survey in which multistage random sampling was done to obtain a sample size of 414 participants. Key findings revealed negative attitude with regards to vaccination campaigns; mistrust of government information sources; adherence to rumours and negative campaign messages about vaccination programmes; inefficient cold chain system characterized by poor VVM monitoring; a precarious socio-political climate with accompanying insecurity; and Poor vaccination organization. There are massive flaws in the organization of vaccination campaigns in the BHD that need prompt attention. Every public health actor, stakeholder, and the government should therefore redouble their efforts to right the flaws and lapses, both in vaccinations and health promotion strategies. The government should create an enabling and safe environment for efficient and effective vaccination campaigns.


Objective To investigate the anticoagulant factor from the venom o Agkistuodon acutus Methods Using ammonia sulfate sedimentation,anion exchange chromatography (DEAE Sephadex A 50),followed by cation exchange chromatography (CM Sephadex C 50) and anion exchange chromatography (POROS 20 PI) to purifying the anticoagulant factor from the venom of Agkistuodon acutus Results The fraction was homogeneous detemined by SDS polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,which was of apparent molecular weight of about 25 4kD under nonreduced conditions,and could be reduced to about 15 0kD and 16 0kD residues respectively by mercaptoethanol In vitro,it remarkably prolonged the plasma recalcification time and the plasma prothrombin time(PPT),but did not dissolve fibrin and could not inhibit bovine thrombin Furthermore,it did not show both the phospholipase A 2 activity and the hemorrhagic antivity Conclusions There were a new anticoagulant factor in the venom of Agkistuodon acutus


The Squamish River discharges into the head of Howe Sound in British Columbia. The submerged section of the delta (the prodelta) extends from the low water line to over 200m depth. On average, the delta front progrades ~ 4m per year and the upper prodelta accretes 50cm to 1m each year. Superimposed on the long term accretion is very localized slumping and bedform translation in channels on the prodelta front. Repetitive surveys conducted 6 to 24 months apart over the past 6 years, have clearly indicated that certain sections of the prodelta are intermittently active and inactive over such timescales. In order to better understand the short period evolution of the prodelta, a new program has been initiated which will use monthly surveys over the less active winter months, followed by semi-weekly surveys during the peak river discharge period. While any gross change is easy to resolve, much of the scale of natural seabed change on the Squamish prodelta is close to the limits of the total propagated error in the integrated system. It is thus hard to distinguish real change from artefacts due to implementation biases. Therefore any experiment aimed at assessing seabed change must be able to quantify the nature of typical resulting errors (systematic biases and/or random errors).


BACKGROUND
Soft tissue attenuation artifacts are the most common cause of misinterpretation in myocardial perfusion Imaging (MPI). Few studies assessing the value of prone imaging in women have been published. Breast attenuation artifacts can be present in up to 40% of the MPI studies in women.

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed at evaluating the potential impact of prone MPI on breast attenuation, with a critical analysis of activity optimization and breast size influence.

METHODS
MPI of an Anthropomorphic Torso Phantom with silicone breast prostheses and equivalent adipose tissue was compared to a standard MPI database.

RESULTS
A medical qualitative and semiquantitative analysis demonstrated higher uptake in the LV anterior segments in the prone position for all injected activities. An artificial myocardium lesion was diagnosable in the right segment in all images, which shows that prone positioning would not mask a true lesion and it assists the cardiologist with a more accurate analysis. These results showed that it is possible to optimize the activity to be injected by up to 55.6% when using combined supine-prone images.

CONCLUSION
Prone position has a high impact on the interpretation of MPI in female patients since it reduces the breast attenuation artifacts, and optimizes the radiation protection of the patient and all staff involved in the procedure, making it more cost-effective.


According to the existing problems on the construction of beef cattle basement of Shuicheng county in recent years,the paper proposed the corresponding countermeasures.The problems were that the developmental capital was not put in the right place timely,offside administrative measures were intervened,the utilization and management of grass land were unreasonable,technical service was not in seat,and the institutions were unsound,the management of demonstration farms were incomplete,which caused the sharp decrease of the number of beef cattle.


BACKGROUND
Internal carotid artery (ICA) injury during the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for ventral cranial base tumors is rare but fatal.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between ventral cranial base tumors and corresponding ICA using quantitative means to improve the safety of surgery.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this retrospective study, a total of 46 patients with ventral cranial base tumors undergoing surgery with the EEA were enrolled. Preoperative imaging features and clinical data were recorded. The influencing factors of the gross total resection (GTR) rate were analyzed. A new grading system and security strategy were developed.

RESULTS
Postoperative enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a GTR of 61.7%. There was a significant correlation between the GTR rate and tumors surrounding the ICA, the tumor site, the involved ICA segment, and the blood supply (P < 0.05). We included preoperative radiotherapy as supplementary data in the grading system. Each variable involved the letter "S"; (surround, site, segment, blood supply, supplementary data); hence, the system was named the 5S ICA grading scale.

CONCLUSION
We recommend a safety assessment through the 5S ICA grading scale and the ICA grading strategy to obtain the maximum total resection rate while ensuring patient safety.


Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-0292 / The correlation beween diffusion weighted imaging at 3.0T MR and histopathology for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma" by: "K. Liu1, P. Xie1, Z. Zhou2; 1Suzhou/CN, 2Shanghai/CN"


Abstarct: The present study was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of Cichorium intybus (Kasni) leaf extract on paracetamol (acetaminophen) induced liver damage (hepatotoxicity) in albino rats. Total 32 albino rats were included in the present study and divided into four groups A, B, C and D, each group consisting of 8 rats. Group A served as a control group. Hepatotoxicity was induced in Group B, C and D by administering paracetamol at a dose of 640mg/kg body weight. After the induction of liver damage as evidenced by significant increase in serum liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and decrease in level of total proteins (TP), Group C and Group D were treated with Cichorium intybus extract at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg body weight. Both drugs showed protective activity against hepatic damage but Cichorium intybus leaf extract at a dose of 400mg/kg body weight exhibited remarkable anti-hepatotoxic activity. Results of this study clearly demonstrate that Cichorium intybus holds hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen induced liver damage in rats. Hepatic disease is a major health problem worldwide.


Dampers of vehicle suspension systems usually show unsymmetrical nonlinear hysteresis characteristics, which affects the control accuracy of suspension system. Automatic recognition hysteresis features of unknown vehicle dampers can reduce the burden for developing efficient control strategies for suspension systems. According to the Duhem hysteresis model, a model-based unsupervised classification approach is proposed in this paper for recognizing hysteresis features of vehicle dampers. Through constructing Duhem models for different force-displacement hysteresis loops of the same sample, significant hysteresis features are extracted for multivariate time series of vehicle dampers. In terms of model parameters of samples, the clustering method is used to group dampers into different classes. Clustering results of 700 samples show that model-based features can efficiently describe the hysteresis features of vehicle dampers. K-means and Fuzzy-C Mean (FCM) are more appropriate for clustering the damper model feature data than hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC).


Multi-media technology has been in creasingy applied to the instructions in the higher education institutions.However,some problems haue appeared,such as neglect of students participating in class activities,too much use and reliance on the computer-assisted instructions and ready-made teaching plans,and getling rid of traditional blackboard writing and iustruction.Therefore,the paper suggerts that colleges and universities renew educational principles,encourage instructors to deuelop multimedia instruction aids,enhance teachers trachers training,and establish scientific instructing supervision and evaluating mechanism so as to take full advantage of the multirnedia instructions.


Mobile services have evolved into an important business area and many companies in various industries are offering mobile services. However, formal classifications or user-centric categorizations of mobile services are still scarce. This chapter develops a conceptual classification for mobile services that il lustrates the characteristics of mobile services and gives indications on how to describe mobile business opportunities and categorize services from a customer-centric perspective. The classification scheme, grounded in previous research, is based on the type of consumption, context, social setting, and customer relationship with the service provider. The explorative classification is illustrated with two case studies of existing mobile services in the European market. The theoretical contribution to service management research involves how to describe mobile services from a customer perspective. Managerially, the classification helps marketers, service developers, and stakeholders to evaluate, differentiate, group, and market mobile service offerings more effectively.


A new technique for the monochromatic detection of ${10}^{12}$-Hz phonons is applied to the study of 20-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ phonons in ruby. The resolution of the phonon detector in space and time allows the observation of the local imprisonment of 29-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ phonons in a ruby crystal that contains variable concentrations of ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ ions in the excited $\overline{E}(^{2}E)$ state. The application for the determination of the lifetime of ${10}^{12}$-Hz phonons is discussed.


A task. To systematize the EC (EU) experience in terms of obtaining rights and obligations akin to those enjoyed by the WCO members, including highlighting the actions and stages in connection with the consideration of the EC application for membership in the World Customs Organization. Conclusions. The research article is devoted to the issues of the EC (EU) legal status of in the WCO and the use of the EC precedent for the implementation of the Strategic Directions for the Development of Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025 (Strategic Directions) in terms of joint actions with Member States aimed at obtaining the Union's membership status in the WCO. The subject of the study is the activities and stages passed by the EC in the framework of interaction with the WCO to change the legal status from an observer to akin to the WCO membership. The research paper presents in abstract form the legal instruments and legal structures that have been developed at the expert level to satisfy the EC application. The identified activities, by analogy, can be used to develop an action plan (roadmap) for the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) to obtain the WCO member status. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and recommendations were formed within the framework of cooperation between the Eurasian Economic Commission and the WCO. Social consequences. Conducting a study of the legal status of customs and economic unions in the WCO is associated with the implementation of paragraph 11.7.5. of Strategic Directions [6] in terms of cooperation with this international organization. Practical value. The results of the study are of interest to the customs cooperation block of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and can be used by specialists from customs and other executive authorities in the EEU member states, EEC experts to organize and implement mutually beneficial customs cooperation between the EEC and the WCO. The article is recommended to researchers, teachers, students, graduate students and other categories of students in the Russian Customs Academy, in other universities and the WCO regional training centers in the specialties "Customs" and "Jurisprudence". Originality/value. The research material is based on an analysis of the practical aspects of the activities of the EEC, the WCO and is the result of a comprehensive study of the issue of the legal and organizational basis for obtaining the WCO member status by economic and customs unions.


In 1523, the veedor del oro Gonzalo Fern?ndez de Oviedo returned to Spain to report to the Crown regarding the situation in Panama in the wake of the infamous Pedradas D?vila. Oviedo, who had failed twice in the previous years to obtain an interview with Charles V, received this time a surprising yet gratifying command: the Emperor wanted him to write a report on the peoples and nature of the Indies. Oviedo was certain that this was a task befitting him. After more than twelve years investigating the nature of the New World, he had already begun to write a complete natural and general history of America. But the Emperor's request took him by surprise: he had traveled to Spain leaving behind all his notes in Santo Domingo. Despite this setback, Oviedo tried to fulfill the Emperor's wishes, and hastily arranged for publication whatever he could remember on these matters, a fact he admitted in the resulting Sumario de la natural historia (1526): "aqu? no traje ni hay de esta escritura m?s de lo que en la memoria est? y puedo de ella aqu? recoger" (56). Modern commentators have taken this claim at face value, relegating it to a mere biographical curiosity with little bearing on their readings of the text (Francisco Esteve Barba 79; Alberto Salas 59; Antonello Gerbi 214-15; Stephanie Merrim 170). In part, this situation is derived from the fact that the Sumario has attracted very little critical interest,


The Network for Evaluating Structural Components (NESC) was set up over 10 years ago to address the verification of advanced structural integrity assessment techniques for safetycritical reactor components. Through its self-funded activities and associated projects, partly funded by the European Commission's DG-RTD, it has developed a significant body of benchmark R&D data, in particular for large-scale tests performed under closely monitored conditions. Key developments are described in three areas a) fracture assessment for reactor pressure vessels; b) fracture assessment of dissimilar metal welds in primary piping and c) thermal fatigue damage in class 1 and class 2 piping. The added value of combining the efforts of utilities, manufacturers and R&D organisations is stressed.


OBJECTIVE
To appraise the level of school-children's dental health after five years in operation of the buccal-dental health programme, in which children received fortnightly rinses of sodium fluoride at 0.2%.

DESIGN
A crossover study. School survey of the 1993-4 academic year.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 1,674 school-children belonging to the first (6 years old), third (8), fifth (10) and eighth (13) years of EGB (basic) in the thirteen schools in this city.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Two odontologists checked the children according to the W.H.O. norms. The Index of individuals free of caries and the prevalence of caries were calculated. The first index showed its highest value at 10 (78.4%) and its lowest at 8 (53.34%). CAOD showed its lowest level at 6 years old (0.02%) and progressively rose to 13 (1.41). COD went up from 6 (0.96) to 8 (1.09) and afterwards went down till 13 years old (0.05). The restoration index was low in worn out teeth and particularly high in permanent ones (68.08%) at 13.

CONCLUSIONS
The caries indexes are lower than in the majority of studies carried out in Spain, being most similar to a study carried out in the county of Mayorga de Campos (Valladolid) in 1988, where fluoridated water exists in a natural form (0.67-0.87 mg/litre), as well as to other areas in Catalonia where the same fluoride rinses were performed.


Abstract. A methodology to estimate residential irrigation using monthly metered total water use and metered irrigation data is presented here in a case study in central Florida. The objective of this article was to determine the most accurate method of indoor/outdoor water use separation for single-family homes. In this study, 1781 homes located in Orlando, Florida, were analyzed. The analysis was based on monthly billing records for the January 2006-June 2009 period where total metered water use and separately metered irrigation data were available. Residential irrigation was estimated based on minimum month and per capita methods to derive indoor use, and by assuming three different irrigable areas for each home. Average total water use was 70.4 m 3 month -1 and average observed irrigation was 45.8 m 3 month -1 . This method was calibrated and validated using metered irrigation data. Metered irrigation data indicated that irrigation accounted for 64% of the total water use. Observed indoor water use was fairly constant across the year with an average of 24.6 ± 1.3 m 3 month -1 , and values were compared to those estimated by the minimum month method and the per capita method. The minimum month method over-estimated indoor water use as 61.3 m 3 month -1 whereas the per capita method estimated the value as 16.9 m 3 month -1 . Observed annual cumulative irrigation was 60% higher than the gross irrigation requirement and this excess irrigation varied from 10% to more than 300% depending on month with most excess in the winter months. The calibration and validation demonstrated that around 60% to 99% of the variability of the observed data can be reproduced by this proposed method. However, this approach maintains a limited area of potential application just for central Florida.


Implementing business simulation games (BSG) to empower people is becoming a highly sought-after teaching strategy for universities; however, real-time monitoring and analysis of aspects related to learning and its relationship with elements provided by the game during its use still need to be studied. This work aims to present a proposed methodology for monitoring these simulators of organizational environments based on analyzing the player's experience supported by biometric devices. The proposed experimental model, called PBP, considers an analysis from three perspectives (Physiological, Behavioral and Psychological), a combined way to offer usability information that occurs in real-time. With the application of the method, it is expected to explore to the maximum the potentialities and main resources that are significant for the players, collaborating with insights so that the developers can improve these educational support tools to prepare and motivate the professionals with the best skills and competencies needed to stand out in the labor market.


In recent years, financial institutions, especially those in the banking industry, have experienced a dynamic and competitive environment. The banking industry is one of the most knowledge-intensive industries. Intellectual Capital (IC) is generally one of the critical resources in developing the banks' performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the relation between the intellectual capital and firms' financial performance by capturing its perception in the banking industry and identifying perceived value of this organizational variable in the commercial banks. Further, it is aimed to confirm that the existence of Intellectual Capital enhance the productivity in the Banking Industry in Thailand. In the intellectual capital measurement model, elements of intellectual capital are defined in such dimensions as human capital and structural capital. Using data drawn from Bank of Thailand and the Stock Exchange of Thailand, the Pulic's Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC ) are employed as the efficiency measure of capital employed and intellectual capital. The focus is on the used human capital (HC), structural capital (SC) and physical capital (CA) of the selected Thai commercial banks The study estimates and compares cost efficiency of domestic and foreign banks in Thailand by using bank-panel data on quarterly financial statements of the selected Thai commercial banks between 2000 and 2007. The stochastic frontier (SFA) model is used for the reason that it allows for measurement error, which is an important feature in light of the fact that measuring bank production can be difficult due to data availability and the choice of a. set of inputs and outputs. In addition, it generates firmspecific efficiency estimates, which is able to test for differences in efficiency among banks. It is found that incomes from bank products including loans, fees and commission and labor costs are significant as factors determining the cost efficiency. In addition, the VAIC and Ownership coefficient are significantly negative, which supports the effects of Intellectual Coefficient and the different ownership structure.


The truth of King Mu Biography needs to be discussed in two aspects: the truth of King Mu's West Cruise recorded in King Mu Biography and that of King Mu Biography as the record of West-Zhou.The author argues that King Mu Biography based on the narration of Zhoumu officials and it got fixed and perfect later.In the history of nearly 2000 years,some parts of the text might have been reduced or added.The narrative characteristics combined truth and fakeness correspond to the logic of "myth history.The study of King Mu Biography needs new perspectives and methods.


To improve the time performance of hyperspectral imagery anomaly detection, this paper proposes the conception of spectral function. Using the features of spectral function such as the area under spectral profile (AUSP), potential target pixels can be separated from background pixels. Then use the data of background area to carry out anomaly detection. In this way can we save time, increase algorithm running speed, and increase the performance of original detection algorithm. At last experiment is carried to verifying the efficiency of the method proposed in this paper.


This Outlook discusses the finding by Liu et al. that disruption of paracrine Hedgehog signaling via genetic ablation of Smoothened (Smo) in stromal fibroblasts in a KrasG12D mouse model increases acinar-to-ductal metaplasia.


ABSTRACT: One of several key elements of the Project Integration Architecture (PIA) is the intention to formulateparameter objects which convey meaningful semantic information. In so doing, it is expected that a level of automationcan be achieved in the consumption of information content by PIA-consuming clients outside the programmatic boundaryofapresentingPIA-wrappedapplication. Thispaperdiscussesthestepsthathavebeenrecentlytakeninformulatingsuchsemantically-meaningful parameters. 1 Introduction The analysis of the whole of an engineering system fre-quently involves a number of cooperating analyses, eachfocusing on a particular discipline of analysis relevant tothe whole. Each of these analyses, in turn, deals with anumber of parameters characterizing the particulars of theanalysis. Traditionally, the meaning of these parametersis 'understood' only within the application code in whichthey are found. This understanding is in the form of pro-gram statements which consume each particular parameteras an input to a computation, or generate the parameter asa result of a computation.To another analysis, such a parameter is only a numberwithout meaning, at least until such time as a user of thatother analysis supplies the parameter as an input in someparticular spot. By so doing, semantic meaning is attachedto the number, but that understanding is, again, by the na-ture of the coding in which the input is used. The consum-ing analysis is not able to look at the number and say "Ah,a viscosity. Just what I need.", but is instead told "Here is anumber. Use it as the viscosity number in the program."The natureof this traditional method for establishingthese-mantic meaningof aparameter results in thepersistent needfor something (usually a person) to arrange things. It is thisneed that so often hampers the arrangement of cooperat-ing analysis codes into, well, cooperating analysis codes. Itis often the case that the cooperation is between the peopletending the codes rather than between the application codesthemselves. Not infrequently this cooperation devolves tothe most cumbersome, error prone, manual forms imagine-able.Of course, many worthy attempts have been made to treatthe topic of code cooperation, usually through the vehicleof awell-known file format to beacceptedandsupported byall of the codes of a cooperating suite. In such approaches,the semantic meaning of a parameter is established by itslocation within the file structure. For instance, in a simplefile structure, it might be declared that the sixteenth num-ber in the file is always the exit total pressure of the flowfield described by the file, whateverthat flow field might be.Such a solution to the problem is, of course, entirely valid,but for mechanical reasons the approach has not achievedwidespread acceptance.In dealing with this area, the Project Integration Architec-ture (PIA) [1] takes a different approach by capitalizingupon the object technology with which it is implemented.Objects are, to begin with the abstract, programming en-tities that have functionality and state. That is, objectshave data and they will do things to and based on that data.Objects, further, are of distinct kinds which can be distin-guished as a programming act.Given this first basis of object technology, it is then a natu-ral extension to consider object kinds as being or represent-ing particular things; this kind of object is a printing devicewhile that kind of object is a bank account. By this sim-ple step, semantic meaning is now attached to the objectbased upon its distinguishable kind. Objects of this partic-ular kind are understood as bank accounts and the numberthey yield up is, obviously, the current balance in the ac-count.It is precisely this capacity of objects which PIA uses toestablish the semantic nature of parameters. An object ofthis particular kind is understood to be a gas total pressureNASA/TM—2005-213614 1


Carolyn adams' poetry and art have appeared in Pangolin Review, Willawaw Journal, Topology, Hawaii Pacific Review, and Beatnik Cowboy, among others. She has been nominated for a Pushcart Prize, as well as for Best of the Net, and was a finalist for 2013 Poet Laureate of the city of Houston, Texas. She is currently a staff editor for Mojave River Review. Having relocated from Houston, she lives in Beaverton, Oregon.


The article deals with the problematic issues of teaching the Ukrainian language as state language in general educational institutions with the Hungarian language of instruction Transcarpathia from the point of view of integration, assimilation and segregation of the Hungarian national minority. Before the proclamation of Ukraine's independence in the schools of Transcarpathia with Hungarian language of instruction obligatorily taught the Russian language, but did not teach Ukrainian at all. After 1991, the teaching of Ukrainian as a state language became compulsory in all general educational institutions. During the 25 years of Ukraine's independence (since 1991), the state has not created the necessary conditions for studying the state language in schools of national minorities. Teachers, educational programs, textbooks, dictionaries, and teaching aids are not adequately prepared. Significant proportions of students who study in schools with minority languages of instruction do not properly master the state language at school. The right to study the state language is an important linguistic human right. Thousands of Hungarian children in the Transcarpathian region for eleven years, that is, from the 1st to the 11th grade, study the discipline «Ukrainian language», but do not demonstrate high results during external independent testing. This testifies to the fact that education is poorly functioning. It is necessary to decide what the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine expects from students of schools with Hungarian language of instruction: perfect knowledge of the grammar system of the Ukrainian language or the ability to successfully communicate in Ukrainian. Successful social integration of national minorities helps not knowing the rules of declension of verbs and nouns, but what they understand when they are treated or spoken in Ukrainian and if they are able to express their opinion verbally and in writing in the state language. They should be able to understand, speak, read and write in Ukrainian according to their daily needs; they need not abstract theoretical but useful functional knowledge. It is also important that they keep their language and culture, and, if possible, have learned at least one foreign language. To change this situation for the better, strategic reforms are needed. Improvements in the study of the Ukrainian language in general education institutions with instruction in the languages of national minorities should be addressed in the system of language education, where the language of instruction is the mother language of students, and the state language is taught at a high level by specialists specially trained for such work.


-In this paper the performance analysis of association rules discovering is evaluated and investigated by a novel text association rule mining approach SARM algorithm. The previous paper proposed work is implemented in this paper. Association rules are mined from the textual data using SVM Classification based association rule mining algorithm. Based on the high confidence value, a new text data is classified into one of the predefined classes. There are four types of datasets used in this experiment are Food dataset, IBM dataset, Symbolic dataset and Medical dataset in which Food and Symbolic datasets are synthetic datasets and IBM and Medical datasets are real world datasets. The experimental results shows that, this method improve the performance by significantly reducing the elapsed time required to obtain the association rules. Keywords--SVM Classification based Association Rule Mining (SARM), Association rule mining, Classification algorithm, Support Vector Machine (SVM) based Classifier.


A new invariant to the target Doppler spectrum algorithm of an acoustic signal detection and target localization is suggested. Statistical synthesis of the signal detection algorithm has been carried out under the assumption of a normal signal and noise probability density function for the case of a spatially distributed multi element acoustic antenna. The method developed can be used for both passive and active target localizations. Experimental results are presented.


Legal case retrieval is a special Information Retrieval (IR) task focusing on legal case documents. Depending on the downstream tasks of the retrieved case documents, users' information needs in legal case retrieval could be significantly different from those in Web search and traditional ad-hoc retrieval tasks. While there are several studies that retrieve legal cases based on text similarity, the underlying search intents of legal retrieval users, as shown in this paper, are more complicated than that yet mostly unexplored. To this end, we present a novel hierarchical intent taxonomy of legal case retrieval. It consists of five intent types categorized by three criteria, i.e., search for Particular Case(s), Characterization, Penalty, Procedure, and Interest. The taxonomy was constructed transparently and evaluated extensively through interviews, editorial user studies, and query log analysis. Through a laboratory user study, we reveal significant differences in user behavior and satisfaction under different search intents in legal case retrieval. Furthermore, we apply the proposed taxonomy to various downstream legal retrieval tasks, e.g., result ranking and satisfaction prediction, and demonstrate its effectiveness. Our work provides important insights into the understanding of user intents in legal case retrieval and potentially leads to better retrieval techniques in the legal domain, such as intent-aware ranking strategies and evaluation methodologies.


This paper describes a digital theater installation called Buzz. Buzz consists of virtual actors who express the collective voice generated by weblogs (blogs). These actors find compelling stories from blogs and perform them. In this paper, we explore what it means for a story to be compelling and describe a set of techniques for retrieving compelling stories. We also outline an architecture for high level direction of a performance using Adaptive Retrieval Charts (ARCs), allowing a director-level of interaction with the performance system. Our overall goal in this work is to build a model of human behavior on a new foundation of query formation, information retrieval and filtering.


Position tracking in the four-bar linkage mechanism is an important task in several high precision automation processes in the industry. Accuracy may decrease due to uncertainties, but an adaptive control approach can handle them. In this work, an adaptive control strategy for the trajectory tracking of the four-bar linkage mechanism is presented. This strategy includes an adaptive mechanism based on a dynamic optimization process. In this process, a dynamic optimization problem is stated and solved on-line using a meta-heuristic optimizer to find the best set of control parameters which are used in a PID-computed-torque controller. Differential Evolution is chosen as the optimizer and a variant with an optimum tracking mechanism which allows to maintain the diversity of solutions is proposed in order to handle the changing best solution of the dynamic optimization problem. A full statistical analysis is used to prove the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.


We report on our IR–IR double resonance experiment study of the excited stretching state of silane involving two or three vibrational quanta, and on the interpretation of our results by using the local mode model. The DR spectra were recorded by means of two separately tunable IR beams, one of which was used to pump selected lines inside the υ3 or 2υ3 IR bands, and the other (the probe) to observe transitions from the pumped vibration–rotation states. We characterized 7 out of the 14 vibrational states belonging to these manifolds for the first time, and the A1+F2 diad localized previously at 6362 cm−1 has been studied with much higher accuracy than before. Only the two highest states of the N=3 manifold are still unknown. The vibrational energies are very well reproduced by the local mode model (≂1 cm−1 rms deviation), and the harmonic interbond couplings have been determined more precisely than before. The rotational structures of the excited states are also well accounted for by Champion's theory of vi...


While people have talked about collective intelligence for decades, new communication technologies - especially the Internet - now allow huge numbers of people all over the planet to work together in new ways. The recent successes of systems like Google and Wikipedia suggest that the time is now ripe for many more such systems, and this talk will examine ways to take advantage of these possibilities. Using examples from business, government, and other areas, the talk will address the fundamental question: How can people and computers be connected so that - collectively - they act more intelligently than any individuals, groups, or computers have ever done before?


We consider the supercritical bond percolation on $\mathbb Z^d$ and study the graph distance on the percolation graph called the chemical distance. It is well-known that there exists a deterministic constant $\mu(x)$ such that the chemical distance $\mathcal D(0,nx)$ between two connected points $0$ and $nx$ grows like $n\mu(x)$. Garet and Marchand (Ann. Prob., 2007) proved that the probability of the upper tail large deviation event $\left\{n\mu(x)(1+\varepsilon)<\mathcal D(0,nx)<\infty\right\} $ decays exponentially with respect to $n$. In this paper, we prove the existence of the rate function for upper tail large deviation when $d\ge 3$ and $\varepsilon>0$ is small enough. Moreover, we show that for any $\varepsilon>0$, the upper tail large deviation event is created by space-time cut-points (points that all paths from $0$ to $nx$ must cross after a given time) that force the geodesics to consume more time by going in a non-optimal direction or by wiggling considerably. This enables us to express the rate function in regards to space-time cut-points.


Abstract Within the profession of occupational therapy there has been a long‐standing tendency to classify a person's occupations according to set and concrete categories. Such perception is typical of the modern era. This article addresses the validity of categorizing occupation according to performance areas, in the world of the elderly. The story of an elderly lady's visit to the supermarket provides the backdrop for a theoretical discussion regarding the multiple levels of function and meaning of occupation, particularly for the elderly. The story is examined in relation to concepts of classification according to performance areas. On this basis, the relevance and therefore the validity of such classification in the world of elders' occupations is questioned. In their conclusion, the authors suggest that readers approach the issue of occupations and the elderly in the spirit of postmodernism, a framework more suitable


Oral semaglutide (sema) is the first oral GLP-1 receptor agonist (RA). Flexible dose adjustment of oral sema (3, 7, and 14 mg) once daily (N=253) was tested vs. sitagliptin (sita, 100 mg; N=251) in a 52-week (week), randomized, open-label phase 3a trial in patients (pts) with T2D uncontrolled on 1-2 oral glucose-lowering drugs (NCT02849080). Oral sema dose could be adjusted every 8 weeks based on HbA1c (escalated if ≥7.0%) and tolerability. Endpoints at week 52: HbA1c In conclusion, flexible dose adjustment with oral sema provided superior glycemic control and weight loss at week 52 vs. sita, and was well tolerated with safety consistent with the GLP-1RA class. Disclosure J.B. Buse: Consultant; Self; Neurimmune AG. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi, vTv Therapeutics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Mellitus Health, PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Stability Health. Other Relationship; Self; ADOCIA, AstraZeneca, Dance Biopharm Holdings Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, MannKind Corporation, NovaTarg, Novo Nordisk A/S, Senseonics, vTv Therapeutics, Zafgen, Inc. B.W. Bode: Consultant; Self; ADOCIA, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc. Research Support; Self; Becton, Dickinson and Company, Dexcom, Inc., Diasome Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Eyenuk Inc., Insulet Corporation, National Institutes of Health, Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi Research & Development, Senseonics, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Speaker9s Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi US, Senseonics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; AgaMatrix, Glytec, LLC. Y. Cho: Consultant; Self; Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis. E. Christiansen: None. C.L. Hertz: Employee; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. A. Mertens: None. S.O. Wallenstein: None. T.R. Pieber: Advisory Panel; Self; ADOCIA, Arecor Limited, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Speaker9s Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. Funding Novo Nordisk A/S


In this paper, the structure of spatial stiffness is inves- tigated by evaluating the stiffness matrix "primitives"—the rank-1 matrices that compose a spatial stiffness matrix. Although the decomposition of a rank-2 or higher stiffness ma- trix into the sum of rank-1 matrices is not unique, one property of the set of matrices is conserved. This property, defined as the stiffness-coupling index, identifies how the translational and rota- tional components of the stiffness are related. Here, we investigate the stiffness-coupling index of the rank-1 matrices that compose a spatial stiffness matrix. We develop a matrix decomposition that yields a set of rank-1 stiffness matrices that identifies the bounds on the stiffness-coupling index for any decomposition. This decompo- sition, referred to as the eigenscrew decomposition, is shown to be invariant in coordinate transformation. With this decomposition, we provide some physical insight into the behavior associated with a general spatial stiffness matrix.


ABSTRACT Cheating detection models in the online games can be divided in to two parts. The one is on client based model, which is designed to detect malicious programs not to be run while playi ng the games. The other one is server based model, which distinguishes the difference between benign users and cheaters by the server log analysis. The client based model provides various features to prevent games from cheating, For instance, Anti-reversing, memory manipulation and so on. However, being deployed and operated on the client side is a huge weak point a s cheaters can analyze and bypass the detection features. That Is why the server based model is an emerging way to detect chea ting users in online games. But the simple log data such as FPS's one can be hard to find validate difference between two o f them. In this paper, In order to compensate for the disadvantages of the two detection model above, We use the existing game security solution log as well as the server one to bring high performance as well as detection ratio compared to t he existing detection models in the market.Keywords: Online game security solution, FPS Online game security, FPS S erver log analysis


Power transformers are one of the critical points in the renewable energies networks for the transport and distribution of the electric energy. As a result, the diagnosis of transformers is necessary to ensure the reliability and service life. The frequency behavior of the transformer winding is generally studied using a high-frequency model to diagnose the various damages of the winding. For this purpose, this paper discusses the application of the finite element method (FEM) to construct a lumped parameters ladder network of an actual transformer winding. The investigated coil is discretized in five (05) identical sections that includes 30 turns for each. In addition, after the experimental validation of the adopted model, a diagnostic study to the axial deformations of the transformer winding was made using the parameters analysis of the detailed model and the transfer function obtained from the FRA test.


Abstract : This study addresses the formulation effects of carbon black type and carbon black loading on the physical properties of electrospun butyl rubber nonwoven membranes. These membranes are envisioned as a potential breathable barrier layer in chemical and biological (CB) protective garments. The advantages of an electrospun crosslinked elastomer system, when compared to similarly prepared thermoplastics, are increased flexibility, durability, and chemical resistance. The porosity and surface area of these membranes are directly related to the water vapor transmission, air flow resistance, aerosol resistance, and the transport of chemical vapors. The barrier properties will be affected by the ability to control pore sizes, fiber diameter, permeability, and physical properties through formulation and process variables. Experimental results reveal that fiber diameter decreased with decreasing carbon black particle size and increasing carbon black structure. Density of the electrospun mats decreased with smaller particle size and higher structure. Decreasing carbon black particle size and increasing structure showed increased stress at break, ultimate elongation and modulus of the membranes. Good dispersion of smaller carbon black size and higher carbon black structure lead to decreased electrical resistance and increased ultimate strength.


Slavoj Žižek, Giorgio Agamben and Bruno Latour, amongst others, responded as public intellectuals to the political implications of the coronavirus crisis. Žižek and Agamben both took polemical posi...


From the stoichiometry of reaction (1), a maximum production of 7 moles of H2/mole of consumed glycerol should be observed if no side reactions occur. Thermodynamic studies on different hybrid reactor configurations that combine GSR and CO2 [1] or H2 [2] or both products [3] removal allowed concluding that such processes enhance the H2 production by shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium, being that only in the case of removal of both products the maximum (theoretical) H2 yield has been reached. On the other hand, a previous modeling study of GSR under realistic conditions in a packed bed reactor has shown that besides the H2 yield keeping far from such limit, the glycerol conversion itself is limited (below 100%), unless very drastic conditions are employed [4]. Therefore, several reactor concepts will be experimentally tested: traditional packed bed reactor (PBR), sorption-enhanced reactor (SER) using a CO2-selective sorbent, membrane reactor (MR) with and H2-permselective membrane, and sorption-enhanced membrane reactor (SEMR) combining the previous ones. The main goal of this work is to experimentally assess the actual impact that the removal of CO2 and/or H2 from the reaction medium has on both glycerol conversion (total and into gaseous products) and H2 yield.


After the breakout of the Second Opium War, the envoys from Britain, France, Russia and US took the joint action to demand the Qing government to revise the treaties with them. The countermeasure taken by the Qinggovernment changed from trying to split up the four powers to resorting to Russian and American mediation. This process based on the traditonal diplomatic practice of the Qing government showed its ignorance of the aggressive nature of the Western powers and its incompetency to deal with them. As a result it had to pay dearly.


In the following I shall try to explain a phenomenon which seems paradoxical: an Orthodox monastery with its ancient tradition is gaining popularity as a "spiritual alternative" in a 90 per cent Protestant cultural environment. After a brief historical account I shall describe my own encounter with the monastery. Although personal, the story is not unique, and through it I shall try to discuss some reasons for the popularity of the monastery as well as the missionary tasks that seem important in the prevailing cultural conditions.


Author analyzed the structure of the younger generation of media consumption on the example of enrollees and students of the faculty of journalism of the Belarusian State University. Features of media consumption of the first representatives of generation Z.


A new methodology for automatic field bound- ary detection based on multi-temporal SAR data will be pre- sented. A method was developed with the consideration of operational usability while applying on ERS-ZSAR-SLC data of a region north of Munich. The aim of this work Is to de- velop a technique that combines the advantages of high pre- cision GIS with weather independence and fast availability of remotely sensed radar data. High precision coreferencing of SAR-SLC data as used for interferometric techniques enables the application of eigenvector based methods, such as princi- pal component transformation and singular value decomposi- tion. These have been applied in an adaptive way for better results on scenes including different geographical regions. The application of a non-linear Gaussian filter on transformed data is applied to reduce speckle and increase perceptibility of field boundaries. This enabled fast segment based classification tak- ing regional aspects out of GIS into account. This enables the application of filter methods that require the assumption of limited noise amplitudes.


Recent studies on seafloor mapping have presented different modelling methods for the automatic classification of seafloor sediments. However, most of these studies have applied these models to seafloor data with appropriate numbers of ground-truth samples and without consideration of the imbalances in the ground-truth datasets. In this study, we aim to address these issues by conducting class-specific predictions using ensemble modelling to map seafloor sediment distributions with minimal ground-truth data combined with hydroacoustic datasets. The resulting class-specific maps were then assembled into a sediment classification map, in which the most probable class was assigned to the appropriate location. Our approach was able to predict sediment classes without bias to the class with more ground-truth data and produced reliable seafloor sediment distributions maps that can be used for seafloor monitoring. The methods presented can also be used for other underwater exploration studies with minimal ground-truth data. Sediment shifts of a heterogenous seafloor in the Sylt Outer Reef, German North Sea were also assessed to understand the sediment dynamics in the marine conservation area during two different short timescales: 2016–2018 (17 months) and 2018–2019 (4 months). The analyses of the sediment shifts showed that the western area of the Sylt Outer Reef experienced sediment fluctuations but the morphology of the bedform features was relatively stable. The results provided information on the seafloor dynamics, which can assist in the management of the marine conservation area.


Micromanufacturing has attracted great attention as micro-components/products such as micro-displays, micro-sensors, micro-batteries, etc. are becoming established in all major areas of our daily life and can already been found across the broad spectrum of application areas especially in sectors such as automotive, aerospace, photonics, renewable energy and medical instruments. These micro-components/products are usually made of multi-materials (may include hard-to-machine materials) and possess complex shaped micro-structures but demand sub-micron machining accuracy. A number of micro-machining processes is therefore, needed to deliver such components/products. The talk introduces the concept of hybrid micro-machining process which involves integration of various micro-machining processes with the purpose of improving machinability, geometrical accuracy, tool life, surface integrity, machining rate and reducing the process forces. It uses three typical hybrid micromachining processes to demonstrate the effectiveness of hybrid micromachining process in terms of machining performance and productivity. Development a new 6-axis hybrid micro machine tool and material handling system to implement the hybrid micromachining processes is also introduced. The talk concludes with the future research focus and challenges of hybrid micromachining in the new era of smart manufacturing.


The present invention, the riser is a compact riser separation system for the fluidized catalytic cracking reactor having an external riser system entering the reaction furnace from the outside of the reactor vessel.


In this paper we want to present the result of a teaching innovation project awarded from the "Vicerectorat de Docencia" at the University of Lleida. The University of Lleida in its "Pla Director de la Docencia" states that students practice in enterprises is compulsory. For this reason we saw the need for a proposed assessment of competency through a rubric. The aim is to ensure a comprehensive education of students according to academic and professional profile of each qualification. The main contribution of our team has been designing a practice and complete rubric. This rubric allows us to evaluate the practicum competency, including different stages of evaluation, several evaluator agents. Also it simplifies the obtaining of the final mark of the matter practicum.


Quartz crystal tuning forks (QTFs) resonators are key components for timing and frequency measurements, due to their high stability, high-quality factors and low power consumptions. Thanks to their piezoelectric properties, QTFs are employed as sensitive element in many fields and systems such as atomic force microscopy, near-field and microwave microscopy, and mass/viscosity sensor. Since 2002, QTFs are also widely used as a sharply resonant acoustic transducer to detect weak photoacoustic excitation for Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS). Among most sensitive optical techniques, QEPAS was demonstrated as the leading-edge technology for addressing these application requirements, providing also modularity, ruggedness, portability and allowing the use of extremely small volumes. QEPAS technique does not require an optical detector, it is wavelength independent, it is immune to environmental noise and can operate in a wide range of temperature and pressure. These factors, together with its proven reliability and ruggedness, represent the main distinct advantages with respect to other laser-based techniques for environmental monitoring and in situ detection. Starting from the basic physical principles governing the QTF physics, I will review the main results achieved by exploiting custom QTFs for QEPAS sensing and as photodetector in LITES setup, with a main focus on real-world applications.


The objective of this research is to formulate a model of empowerment of Yu Siti manual weaving machine (ATBM = alat tenun bukan mesin ) micro business in Burikan village, Klaten regency, Indonesia. This action research used 10 subject participants chosen purposively. The data of the research were collected by means of in-depth interview, participatory observation, and focus group discussion. The data were analyzed by using interactive model of analysis. The empowerment model developed for the Yu Siti manual weaving machine micro business consists of three phases, namely: (1) conducting needs analysis to identify the problems and real needs of the business unit; (2) arranging action plans to solve the problems by conducting a comparative study, production process training, and capital support; and (3) implementing the program plans, including motivating the entrepreneurs and workers, developing " lurik" motif designs, and growing the capacity of the sekir operator, engineering the weaving tools, diversifying the weaving motifs and techniques, granting capital support, developing promotional media, and applying work contract. Keywords : Empowerment, micro-business, ATBM weaving, development, and design.


Adult and continuing educators can enhance competencies for practice and deepen understanding of the mission of adult education through knowledge of the literature.


We analyze the gravitational waves propagation in metric $f(R)$ theories of gravity. In particular, adopting a gauge invariant formalism we clearly determine the exact propagating degrees of freedom. Then, investigating their effects on test masses via geodesic deviation equation, we show that the additional dynamical degree contained in such extended formulations is actually responsible for two distinguished polarizations, corresponding to a breathing and a longitudinal mode, respectively.


In this paper, effective magnetic of an arrangement of periodically close-packed conducting square rings have been studied theoretically. A non-resonant model has been introduced in order to determine the magnetic permeability of the structure from the microscopic quantities. The core of this work covers the analysis of the lattice ordering and magnetic interactions between the building blocks, i.e. a collective feature has been considered. Finally, corresponding suggestions for obtaining the lowest possible values of the magnetic permeability have been made.


We report on kinematic observations of Hα emission from four late-type galaxies of Hickson Compact Group 16 (H16a, b, c, d) obtained with a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer and samplings of 16 km s-1 and 1''. The velocity fields show kinematic peculiarities for three of the four galaxies: H16b, H16c, and H16d. Misalignments between the kinematic and photometric axes of gas and stellar components (H16b-H16d), double gas systems (H16c) and severe warping of the kinematic major axis (H16b and H16c) were some of the peculiarities detected. We conclude that major merger events have taken place in at least two of the galaxies of the group, H16c and H16d, based on their significant kinematic peculiarities, their double nuclei, and their high infrared luminosities. Their Hα gas content is strongly spatially concentrated; H16d contains a peculiar barlike structure confined to the inner ~1 h-1 kpc region. These observations are in agreement with predictions of simulations, namely, that the gas flows toward the galaxy nucleus during mergers, forms bars, and fuels the central activity. Galaxy H16b, an Sb galaxy, also presents some of the kinematic evidence for past accretion events. Its gas content, however, is very sparse, limiting our ability to find other kinematic merging indicators, if they are present. We find that the merger remnants in the compact group HCG 16 have significantly smoother optical profiles than isolated mergers, i.e., they show an amorphous morphology and no signs of tidal tails. Tidal arms and tails formed during the mergers may have been stripped by the group potential, or, alternatively, they may have never been formed. The velocity field of the galaxy H16a shows grand-design isovelocity lines with no signs of disturbances inside a radius of ~R25. This result is contrary to expectations given that the galaxy has a high infrared luminosity, central activity, tidal tails at large radii, and is embedded in a common group envelope observed in H I and X-rays. The normality of the velocity field suggests that this galaxy may be a fairly recent acquisition of the compact group. Our observations suggest that HCG 16 may be a young compact group in formation through the merging of close-by objects in a dense environment.


According to prior work on the interpretation of anaphoric elements, the form of linguistic expression used for reference to a discourse entity reflects the entity's degree of salience. When both fully specified and underspecified forms of reference are available the most underspecified forms are used for reference to the most salient entity. In this paper, we present sentence completion data from Greek, a language whose range of anaphoric expressions includes null subjects and cliticized object pronouns (weak pronominals) as well as demonstrative expressions (strong pronominals). The results of our studies cast doubt on the currently assumed mapping between salience and form of linguistic expression. We found that discourse salience does not warrant the use of the most underspecified form (null subject) in Greek. Semantic focusing (Stevenson et al., 2000) may bring into focus an entity in an object (or other non-subject) position but the choice of antecedent for null or overt forms is senstive to syntactic properties of the antecedent. We argue that discourse salience and choice of referring expression can be sensitive to different properties of discourse entities which may or may not converge depending on the language.


Packet forwarding is the foundation of network communications. Internet routers forward packets by matching the packet destination address against the prefixes in the forwarding information base. Due to the emergence of cloud computing and network function virtualization, more and more applications require high-bandwidth low-latency IPv6 networks. However, most of the current IP lookup algorithms in practice are designed for IPv4 addresses and hard to scale to IPv6 addresses. In this paper, we first propose a novel data structure called hierarchical-balanced search tree (Hi-BST). The compact and scalable data structure built can be stored in on-chip memory. On the basis of Hi-BST, we present a fast IPv6 lookup algorithm and prefix update algorithms. In the worst case, our algorithm can achieve fast lookup and update with the time that is proportional to the logarithm of the number of prefixes. Experiments using real FIBs give an integrated evaluation. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms, our algorithm achieves a fast lookup with real-time updates, which is 1.33~6.78 times that of the comparison algorithms respectively. Moreover, Hi-BST saves 4.3%~79.0% memory footprint of the comparison algorithms respectively.


Deployment of carbon capture and utilization (CCU) requires strategic decisions, such as the selection of emission sources and CCU technologies, and tactical decisions, such as the determination of the extent of capture and utilization at each planning period, as they depend on time-varying factors like source characteristics, capture targets, and products demands. Previous works have developed portfolio optimization models that can assist only some of these decisions. This paper introduces a comprehensive multiperiod optimization model, deterministic mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model, for CCU planning by 1) selecting the emission sources and capture technologies, 2) implementing capture facilities for the sources, determining capture extent at each period and allowing capacity expansions for these facilities to account for variations in sources and capture requirements over time, and 3) selecting the utilization technologies and determining the utilization extent based on product demand at each planning period. The nonlinearities in the cost models make the model intractable for large-size problems with multiple CCU technologies for longer planning horizons. The developed two-step iterative solution approach first relaxes the MINLP using piecewise linear relaxation to a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model, which is solved to obtain a lower bound. The MILP solution is used to generate binary cuts and as an initial guess to solve the MINLP model and obtain an upper bound. The steps are employed iteratively with an increasing number of segments to generate tight bounds. The approach solved a problem with 10 emission sources for 10 year planning period to 0.015 % gap in 139000 seconds.


A substantial percentage of accidents are caused by drivers falling asleep at wheel. HRV indices were derived using the main technics for outliers detection and spectral transformation. Opposite to spectral transformation methods, outliers detection methods showed low influence on HRV indices. The outlier detection and spectral transformation method does not influence the capability of HRV indices of discriminating between morning, afternoon and night


Abstract : To improve care by supporting clinical decision-making by identifying design requirements for computer-based decision support and communication tools, we can describe the Burn ICU (BICU) as a work domain and account for cognitive activities to identify design requirements for a decision support and communication tools using Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE) methodologies. This project is divided into three phases: foundation research, prototype development, and prototype assessment. In phase I, we conduct one-week data collection visits in a BICU followed by data analysis sessions. Each visit includes: 1)Direct observation of clinical teams providing patient care. Probe questions enable researchers torequest background and clarifying information situated in context to better understand motivations, information use, and decision making; 2) Structured interviews elicit knowledge from clinicians about their background, perspectives, work activity, information sources, and challenges they face; 3) Collection of computer-based and hard copy artifacts that clinicians use in their work. These include sign out sheets, personal notes, status boards, and equipment displays, among others. Through data analysis, we develop descriptive models of the BICU work domain and features of clinician decision-making and patient care. These models describe the content and flow of information that the project s prototype decision support and communication system will help to manage.


Mental health in adolescence is a major concern but clear strategies for measurement in general population samples are lacking. This meta-review focused on the content and psychometric properties of self-report measures to inform judicious selection of indicators and measures. We identified 22 brief measures from 19 systematic reviews, under the following domains: general mental health (positive and negative aspects together), life satisfaction, quality of life (mental health subscales only), symptoms, and wellbeing. Measures were often classified inconsistently within these appearing under multiple constructs. While overlap between measures within and between domains was generally low, only 25 unique indicators were found. Several indicators were found across the majority, and measures also consistently tapped mostly emotional content. Psychometric quality was generally low. Findings suggest well-developed measures are lacking. We provide guidance on existing measures, how better measures might be developed, and the implications for research considering general mental health in adolescence.


We propose a scalable method to find a low dimensional subspace of spatially varying blur operators, given a set of noisy observations. This aims to improve the identifiability in blind inverse problems. We then show how to use this subspace estimator to train deep learning architectures for solving super-resolution problems in single molecule localization microscope.