There are several determining factors to analyze this research. Among others are religious factors, attitudes, purchase intentions, personal norms, and halal purchase behavior. Methodology – Using hypothesis testing carried out using the structural equation model (SEM) method with the help of AMOS software. This study used 237 respondents using the purposive random sampling method. The sample used in this study were customers who had purchased halal cosmetic products in the last 6 (six) months. Results - Variables that influence in this research are Personal Norm variable on Attitude, Personal Norm variable on Purchase Intention, Personal Norm variable on Halal Purchasing Behavior, Attitude variable on Purchase Intention, Purchase Intention variable on Halal Purchasing Behavior and the Influence of Religion on Purchase Intention, there is an influence of Personal Norms on Purchase Intention, when mediated by Attitude, there is an effect of Attitude on Halal Buying Behavior when mediated by Purchase Intention. Implications - Users of halal cosmetic products must pay more attention to how to improve religion, personal norms, attitudes, purchase intentions, and halal purchasing behavior in purchasing halal cosmetic products so that consumers feel satisfied after purchasing halal cosmetic products. For further research, you can also add and analyze additional factors that affect the quality of halal products, experience, and image of products.


Lacustrine sediment accumulation provides meaningful and diverse long-term records of environmental change. This overview highlights the usefulness of the paleolimnological approach in evaluating the magnitude and direction of human-induced environmental change in lakes and their catchments. Because of the services they provide, freshwater ecosystems have always been significantly affected by human activities. However, the rate and extent of human-induced change in continental freshwaters and their catchments has considerably increased since the beginning of industrialization (mid-18th century), and are even more pronounced since the advent of the "Great Acceleration" (since the mid-20th century). Global change, including climate and landscape changes, loss of biodiversity, species introductions and the spread of pollutants, leave traces in lake sediment archives that provide valuable long-term information with which to evaluate and quantify past environmental changes. This paper outlines how the knowledge gleaned from an interdisciplinary paleolimnological approach can benefit the development of mitigation and adaptation measures to current global change at various latitudes.


Points out that the current building fire code can′t meet the need of the fire protection design of the Olympic gymnasium.Many foreign countries have permitted the co-existence of the performance-based fire code and prescriptive fire code.The article compares the similarities of the construction and the requirements of the fire protection codes of China and some other foreign countries and analyzes the differences in the design methodologies.Then the conclusion is reached that the Olympic gymnasium should be designed with performance-based method.


I am obsessed quite irrationally by the notion of love ..." writes Edna O'Brien. "It's an obsession and I know it's very limiting. At the same time it's what I feel truest and most persistently about, and therefore it's the thing that I have to write about" (Rafroidi and Harmon 272). And write about it she does - the obsession, that is, perhaps more than the love. A reading of O'Brien's stories, beginning with the 1969 collection, The Love Object, reveals that several of her characters share their author's obsession with "the notion of love." Yet between these women and their love objects there is so little real connection, so little love. For them, obsession with love seems to stand in the way of its attainment. That O'Brien's protagonists should find themselves in this bind is perhaps not surprising. Obsession - a "persistent or inescapable preoccupation with an idea or emotion" - seems to involve not only compulsion but insatiability. A person obsessed, whether with an idee fixe or a person, seems disinclined, or perhaps unable, to feed her obsession to the point of satiation. Obsession, like addiction, sets in motion a self-fueling and potentially endless cycle. Love and obsession are, in a sense, opposites. Obsession feeds on itself, is self-absorbed, while love reaches beyond the self toward authentic contact with another. In the stories considered here there are moments of genuine love and compassion. But these occur only as their protagonists free themselves, or are torn, from the grip of their obsession. "Irish Revel," one of O'Brien's early stories from The Love Object, pictures what might be called the birth of the obsession. It opens with a young country girl, Mary, making her way by bicycle to town. She has been invited to a party at the home of Mrs. Rogers, one of her "betters," and welcomes the ride as an opportunity to entertain in solitude her treasured memories of John Roland, the young painter she met two years earlier, also while visiting Mrs. Rogers's house. Perhaps, magically, he will be there again. Soon after her arrival at the party, she realizes not only that her dream of seeing John is a groundless fantasy, but also that she has only been invited to serve guests, clean up, and add color to the affair. She takes shelter in daydreaming again of John and remembers a ride she took with him on his bicycle: "They did not talk for miles; she had his stomach encased in the delicate and frantic grasp of a girl in love and no matter how far they rode they seemed always to be riding into a golden haze" (O'Brien, Love Objects 96). She then recalls his calling her "Sweet Mary" and remembers his explanation that "he could not love her, because he already loved his wife and children ..." (97). At the close of "Irish Revel," Mary returns home burdened with her fruitless hopes and crushed by the ordinariness and crudity of the party. She stops briefly for a view of the countryside from a hill above her home and surveys it in a way that clearly echoes Joyce's language in "The Dead" (Eckley 81). However, instead of the falling snow that Gabriel Conroy views from his hotel window, a snow that softens the harsh outlines of the physical world and suggests gentle acceptance, Mary witnesses an unforgiving frost: The poor birds could get no food, as the ground was frozen hard. Frost was general all over Ireland; frost like a weird blossom on the branches, on the riverbank from which Long John Salmon leaped in his great, hairy nakedness, on the plough left out all winter; frost on the stony fields, and on all the slime and ugliness of the world. (O'Brien, Love Object 113) Despair surrounds her on all sides, from the frozen, unyielding landscape to the equally grim vista of her family's cottage, evoking as it does the specter of a dead-end life: "She was at the top of the hill now, and could see her own house, like a little white box at the end of the world, waiting to receive her" (114). …


The solvatochromic shift of the lowest singlet p ! p* electronic transition in the all-trans, cis-13, cis-11, cis-9, and cis-7 retinal isomers were computed under the influence of water, methanol, and benzene solvents. Excitation energies were calculated in gas phase and in solution. The calculations in solution were performed considering the sequential Monte Carlo (MC) /Quantum Mechanical approach. The MC simulations were performed considering the full retinal isomer molecules and 900 water molecules, 900 methanol, or 400 benzene ones. The OPLS/AA parametrization was chosen for retinal, methanol, and benzene molecules and the SPC model was used for water one. From the MC calculations 100 independent configurations were selected, with 100 solvent molecules in thermodynamical equilibrium at T ¼ 298.15 K. Average point-charges were obtained from those independent configurations for water, methanol, and benzene solvent. TDDFT and CASSCF//CASPT2 methodologies were used to compute the vertical excitation energy of the retinal isomers in different environment. V C 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110: 2076-2087, 2010


Radiotherapy not only acts as an important local treatment of cancer, but also plays a key role in regulation of immune function. Radiotherapy regulates anti-tumor immune responses by promoting the generation of neoantigens, regulating the release of cytokine, and enhancing the sensitivity of tumor to cell-mediated immunity. Recently, several studies and clinical practice reported the abscopal effect in some patients undergoing radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy, which showed partial or complete response of metastases outside the irradiation field, suggesting the combination therapy as a promising strategy. However, further studies are needed for the understanding of the mechanism and influencing factors for immunity such as radiation dose and fractionation scheme. This paper reviews the research advances in the mechanism of radiotherapy-immunotherapy interaction and the combination therapy for cancer.

Key words:
Neoplasms/radiotherapy; Neoplasms/immunotherapy; Progress


2-Benzoyl-3-phenacyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans are synthesized by the reaction between 2-hydroxychalcones and 2-bromoaceto- phenones with potassium carbonate in boiling acetone in good yield. and pesticidal 2 . Synthesis of 2-aryl-3-methyl-2,3- dihydrobenzofurans, 2-aryl-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro- benzofurans and 2,2-dialkyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans are well documented 3 . In this communication, we report a sleek synthesis of 2-benzoyl-3-phenacyl-2,3- dihydrobenzofurans starting from �,�-unsaturated- ketones and bromoketones under mild conditions. These �,�-unsaturatedketones are referred to as reterochalcones in literature that have scanty references 4 , while bromoketones are widely known and their several procedures are documented 5 . temperature 6 . These �,�-unsaturatedketones were used in the synthesis for 2-benzoyl-3-phenacyl-2,3-di- hydrobenzofurans by reacting with bromoketones, which are prepared by reacting bromine with methyl- arylketones at ambient temperature using literature method 5f , in boiling acetone in the presence of excess potassium carbonate with equimolar concentration of bromoketone and �,�-unsaturatedketone (Scheme I). The reaction was monitored by TLC till the starting materials disappeared and the resulting solution was distilled at reduced pressure. The crude formed was quenched in crushed ice, filtered under vacuum, dried and recrystallised from methanol/acetone to yield 2- benzoyl-3-phenacyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran as neat crystals. The dihydrobenzofurans were formed in excellent yields and quality with electron rich and electron deficient substitutions. The reaction proceed smoothly without any identifiable side products and products were characterised by spectral and analytical data. As a representative case the spectral analysis of compound 2-benzoyl-3-phenacyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo- furan 3a is discussed herein. The IR spectrum showed peaks at 1694, 1674, 1606, 1475 and 1128 cm -1 which


Manners of death from firearm postmortem autopsy in other countries may not be applied in Thailand.  Thissurvey was done to study manners of death in firearm fatalities by reviewing the postmortem autopsy records offirearm-related deaths in Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine during January, 2004 to December,2006. A total of 202 cases were studied, 183 males. Age range of victims was 21-40 years.  One hundred and fiftycases were homicide and 30 were suicide. The most common weapon used in both groups was pistol, followedby shotguns (p=0.102). There were 1-19 wounds in homicide and there were 1 wound in the most of suicide(p<0.001). The most common range of suicide was contact range fire, but of homicide was far range fire(p<0.001). The most common site of gunshot wound on the head in suicide found at right temple site, while inhomicide found at occipital. In homicide, the direction of gunshot wound on the head commonly found in front toback direction, but in suicide from right to left direction. There were few differences from former studies withregard to the type of weapons used, site and direction of gunshot wound on the head.


The use of HF-EPR to determine large zero-field splittings in distorted octahedral, high-spin d5 ions is demonstrated with two Mn(II) coordination polymers, giving detail on both electronic and geometric structure.


Quantitative knowledge of external climate forcing is required for accurately attributing past climatic changes. Information on volcanic activity over the past millennium has primarily been drawn from high‐latitude ice cores. A few large events with distinct signatures in the ice are well known and they are commonly used as marker events to synchronize time scales in individual ice cores. Over the past decade different efforts have been undertaken to systematically identify lesser known eruptions and to develop time series of past volcanic forcing. Here we mathematically quantify the distribution of the magnitude of volcanic events that have a climatic relevance during the past millennium. Volcanic sulfate magnitudes of such events clearly exhibit a "heavy tailed" extreme value distribution. Indeed, the climatically relevant eruptions are only the extremes of global volcanic activity. This characterization of volcanic amplitude is a fundamental step in detection and attribution studies of past natural forcing and of its effects on climate.


After the establishment of the Free City of Danzig, the process of the renovation and inventory of arcaded houses (Vorlaubenhäuser) and timber -framed churches in the vicinity of Gdańsk began, along with the increasing scientific interest in them. At the same time, in numerous projects from the 1930s, the interest of architects in traditional rural construction, related to the orders of the Nationalist Socialist Party for certain types of structures, can be observed. In the suburbs of Gdańsk and Sopot, standard, posed as idyllic workers' housing estates were founded, which were to combine the advantages of living in the countryside and in the city. The network of kindergartens of the National Socialist People's Welfare (Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt) as well as youth hostels used by the Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend) and the League of German Girls (Bund Deutscher Mädel) was expanded. According to the Blut -und -Boden ideology, a network of camps for the Land Service (Landdienst) for the Hitlerjugend, community houses for members of the NSDAP Party, and exemplary farms were also founded.
The repertoire of local materials, traditional architectural details, as well as references in interior design were intended as manifestations of the regional identity, used by the National Socialist authorities to serve the purposes of the Party propaganda, which was creating the myth of an idyllic, strong, homogeneous national community and proving the uninterrupted continuity of German culture in the Free City of Danzig, despite its separation from the German Reich.


The invention discloses a phase detecting and controlling device for a variable valve timing system of an automobile engine. The phase detecting and controlling device comprises a variable-frequency motor and an engine driven by the variable-frequency motor through a coupling; a phase shifter is arranged at one end of an air inlet camshaft of the engine and is communicated with a machine oil channel of the camshaft; a solenoid valve arranged on an air cylinder cover of the engine controls the oil channel and the direction communicated to the phase shifter; and the detection of the phase shifter and OCV (Oil Control Valve) solenoid valves for engines with different model numbers is realized by a data acquisition device, an analogue controller and an industrial controller.


We discuss women physicists in Albania, their problems, their achievements, the work done by Women in Physics Group in Albania, difficulties in attracting more girls into the field of physics, and plans and projects for the future.


An efficient and cost effective method for obtaining good quality DNA from composts containing high levels of organic matter has been developed.The protocol consisted of sample washing with sodium phosphate and EDTA,cell wall disruption using combined chemical and enzyme treatment prior to extraction,removal of humic acid and other inhibitors in high salt buffer containing polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP),and precipitation of DNA with polyethylene glycol (PEG-8000).The method was used to extract 16S ribosomal DNA from four samples taken at different stages in the preparation of PhaseⅡcompost used for Agaricus bisporus cultivation.Extracted DNA was sufficiently free of contaminants to allow PCR amplification of products derived from bacteria,actinomycetes and fungi.Purified products derived from PCR amplification of the extracted 16S rDNA using primers F27 and R1498 were used to construct 16S rDNA libraries.PCR amplification of ten randomly selected positive clones using primer M13 revealed that the 16S rDNA insertion rate was higher than 90%.


Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-0285 / Determination of the clinical usefulness of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in the evaluation of cerebral aneurysms." by: "D. G. Qirinxhi1, G. Vreto2, E. Enesi2, A. Rroji2; 1Tirane, Albania/AL, 2Tirana/AL"


A new hornet-kinin, "Vespakinin-M", was isolated from the venom of Vespa mandarinia which contained hydroxyprolyl residue in the sequence. The amount of the peptide in one venom sac was approximately 15 nmole which was much higher in concentration than other wasp venom.


Total Quality Management (TQM for short) is the latest hot button management and organization design approach to come down the pike. It turns out it's really not very new when one considers all of its conceptual parts separately. However, taken in combination and, more importantly, taken seriously rather than being treated as a "quick fix" remedy for organiza tional problems, it can be a very powerful approach to organization and man agement. Its payoffs are in the currency of organizational performance and human happiness for employees — two perennial categories of concern of or ganizations in general. Another thing that is new is its application to the pub lic service at all governmental levels, where it is also being taken seriously.


wherein a patient table-side output device (12), in particular a user interface, is used method comprising operating a a movable patient support plate (6) patient table (4) for a medical imaging device (1), wherein upon the occurrence of an error and / or a carried out calibration indicating instruction issue criterion is used to determine a comprehensive least an instruction to an operator, to be output instruction sequence and output to the output device (12).


Herein, we present a stretchable and highly conductive silver nanoparticles/styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers (AgNPs/SBS) composite film with wrinkled Ag conductive layers by pre-stretching and in-situ chemical reduction (ISCR) methods. The wrinkled Ag conductive layer is tightly embedded in the surface of the polymer and greatly enhances the stability of conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of the composite film while stretching. The winkled AgNPs/SBS composite film possesses a highly electrical conductivity of 1.5 × 104 S/m and a remarkable EMI SE of 88.3 dB at thickness of ~400 μm in the X-band. Even the winkled AgNPs/SBS composite film still achieves a high EMI SE of 51.5 dB at 100% tensile strain.


ABSTRACT The North and South China Block collision in Triassic resulted in the Qinling orogeny with massif batholith intrusion. In this study, we investigated the deformation structures of the Foping domal zone, the Ningshan bedding-parallel shear zone, and the Yangtian-Tongchewan strike-slip shear zone in East Qinling, aiming at unravelling orogen-parallel mid-lower crustal ductile flow during this late-stage orogeny. Field measurements of foliated felsic migmatites in the Foping domal zone show a subhorizontal stretching lineation associated with top-to-east shearing, and the quartz c-axis fabrics of rock samples from leucosome display characteristic prism  slip system (>650°C), consistent with granulite-facies metamorphic condition. The ductile fabrics observed along the W-E extending Yangtian-Tongchewan mylonitic zone along the southern Foping domal zone indicate dextral strike-slip shearing. The Ningshan bedding-parallel shear zone was mapped in the Palaeozoic sedimentary strata along the southern rim of the Foping domal zone and it exhibits subhorizontal stretching lineation. Zircon U-Pb dating results of migmatite from the Foping domal zone, mylonite from the Yangtian-Tongchewan shear zone and syntectonic granitic dyke from the Ningshan bedding-parallel shear zone, together with mica 40Ar/39Ar dating results, allow to constrain the timing of coeval development of these structures in Late Triassic at 220–208 Ma, broadly consistent with the pluton intrusion. The overall pattern is interpreted to result from a local indentation of the Hannan Massif with a salient boundary geometry, which possibly controlled the lateral extrusion of the orogenic wedge, orogen-parallel crustal ductile flow as well as the Late Triassic plutonic emplacements in East Qinling. Graphical Abstract


Ideology and Interaction In Internet Action Video Games by Marshall David Smith Dr. Andrea Fontana, Examination Committee Co-Chair Professor of Sociology University of Nevada, Las Vegas Dr. Matt Wray, Examination Committee Co-Chair Assistant Professor of Sociology University of Nevada, Las Vegas This thesis is an analysis of how the play mechanics of the Return to Castle Wolfenstein videogame influence player cooperation and competition during play as well as an analysis of player chat as indication of cooperation and competition. While the premise of the game is competition the play mechanics of the game were found to induce intricate and extensive cooperation among players. In this study, player communication was primarily focused on achieving game goals, however there was also communication for cooperative efforts. The play mechanics of the game significantly influences the experience of players. Further research must be conducted to refine methods of analyzing play mechanics and to facilitate comparison among video games and between video games and other similar computer-modeled environments.


A more complete list of the birds in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park is given, including the results of three and a half years of observations. A total of 214 species have now been identified for the Park, among which 75 are resident throughout the year, 37 are migrants, 14 are nomads and 88 are vagrants.


In this paper some classes of ternary algebraic structures (semi-heaps, heaps) are considered. The connection between heaps (laterally commutative heaps) and corresponding algebraic and geometric structures is presented. The equivalence of heap existence and the Desargues system on the same set is directly proved. It is the starting point for an analogous result about a laterally commutative heap and a parallelogram space.


Head-tail instabilities are expected to be one of the main limitations of the high-intensity operation in the future SIS100 synchrotron of the FAIR facility [1], especially for the heavy-ion bunches [2]. This instability is already beginning to limit the operation at the highest intensities in the ISIS spallation neutron source [3] at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK. General ISIS bunch parameters, especially the space-charge conditions, are similar to the expected heavy-ionbeams in SIS100, thus it might be possible to use the physical insight and the experience from the ISIS studies for anticipating the transverse stability in the SIS100 high-intensity bunches. Of particular interest is the dependence of unstable beam modes on the configuration of the RF system (single or dual harmonic), the influence of high space charge levels, the key role of the betatron tune and the determination of driving beam impedances.


The sodium salt of poly(dG-dC) is known to exhibit a B \rightarrow Z transition in the presence of various previous termcationsnext term and 60% alcohol. We here show that the lithium salt of poly(dG-dC) does not undergo B \rightarrow Z transition in the presence of 60% alcohol since $Li^+$ with its large hydration shell cannot stabilize the Z-form. On the other hand, high concentrations of $Mg^{2+}$ or micromolar concentrations of the cobalt hexamine complex which are known to stabilize the Z-form can compete with $Li^+$ for charge neutralization and hence bring about a B \rightarrow Z transition in the same polymer. From the model building studies the mode of action of the cobalt—hexamine complex in stabilizing the Z-form is postulated.


This study was developed to compare the behavior and the ability of polymer foam composites towards sound absorption test of Shorea leprosula wood (SL) of acid hydrolysis treatment with particle size <355μm. Three different weight ratio of polyol to wood particle has been selected which are 10wt%, 15wt% and 20wt%. The acid hydrolysis treatment is to optimize the surface interaction of wood particle with polymer foam matrix. In addition, the acoustic characteristic of sound absorption coefficient (α) was determined. Further treatment is to expose the polymer composite in UV irradiation by using UV-Weatherometer. Polymer foam composite of untreated Shorea leprosula particle (SL-B) with respective percentage loading shows uniform pore structure as compared with treated wood particle (SL-A). As the filler percentage loading in polymer foam increases, the α value approaching 1 for both samples. Furthermore, SL-A shows better α value at 3500-4500 frequency absorption level (Hz), meanwhile α value for SL-B is maximum at 4000-5000 Hz. The frequencies absorption level for both SL-B and SL-A after UV exposure was increased with the increasing of exposure time from 0-1000 hours. It is therefore, concluded that the α for each sound absorbing material, with or without acid hydrolysis treatment of wood particles and it's percentages loading in polymer matrix effect the sound absorption behavior. Keywords—Polymer foam composite, sound absorption coefficient, UV-irradiation, wood.


Fuel in the Homogeneous Reactor Test (HRT) is to be a solution of UO/sub 2/(NO/sub 3/)/sub 2/ in heavy water. When maintenance of the reactor or an auxiliary is necessary, the tank containing the reactor and process lines will be filled with light water for the purpose of shielding. Some method must be devised to prevent light water from entering the system when equipment is removed for repairs. The method studied in this investigation was the freezing of ice plugs in the pipe lines before flanges are disconnected. (W.L.H.)


In order to enhance quality education of the postgraduates,the following measures must be taken: reinforce the ideological and political education and promote their political and ideological quality;pay attention to the role of tutors and promote the cultivation of students' innovative ability;improve the mode of management and let efficient management work for the talent cultivation; enrich students' leisure life and protect their physical and mental health.


Tyre/road noise is the main source of excessive noise from road traffic. This problem applies to both cement and asphalt pavements. This paper presents the results noisiness evaluation of exposed aggregate cement concrete (EACC) in comparison to portland cement concrete (PCC) textured by other methods and SMA asphalt pavement. Studies conducted in Poland, have shown that EACC8 is characterised by a similar noise level to wearing course made of SMA11. Macrotexture plays an important role in the tyre/road noise on EACC. In the case of passenger cars, the optimal solution is a pavement characterised by a macrotexture with the MPD value lower than 0.8 mm, while in the case of multi-axle heavy vehicles the MPD value should close to 1.2 mm. The EACC can be characterised by an acoustic heterogeneity and one of the reasons for this can be mistakes made at the stage of exposing the aggregate.


Although the probabilistic model checking tool called PRISM had been applied in many communication systems, such as wireless local area network, Bluetooth, and ZigBee, the technique is not used in a controller area network (CAN). In this paper, we use PRISM to model the mechanism of priority messages for CAN because the mechanism lets CAN as leader in serial communication for automobile and industry control. Through modeling CAN, it is easy to analysis the characteristic of CAN for helping the development of security and efficiency for automobile. The Markov chain model helps us to model the behaviour of priority messages. According to the results of analysis and simulation, the high-priority messages have better throughput performance while low-priority messages have the potential to lose transmission when CAN traffic is higher.


We argue that the extent to which a firm faces takeover threats affects its knowledge structure. In particular, takeover threats may lead to managers' reluctance to adopt a strategy toward firm-specific knowledge accumulation, because implementing this strategy requires them to acquire specialized skills, which are at risk under takeover threats. Conversely, takeover protection leads to an increase in firm-specific knowledge. Further, the relationship between takeover protection and firm-specific knowledge is positively moderated by managerial ownership, which helps align managerial interests with those of shareholders. But the relationship is negatively moderated by managerial tenure, as long-tenured managers have already committed to their firms. Using a differences-in-differences method with Delaware antitakeover rulings in mid-1990s as an exogenous shock, we found results supporting these arguments.


Virtually all of the literature concerning the politics of South Africa analyzes the dynamics of that system within the frameworks of racism, authoritarianism, and repression. Yet, strangely, the political institution which is necessarily the bulwark of such a system—the military—has attracted scant attention except in terms of strategy and armaments.


It is noted that the fundamentals of Geotechnics are load-bearing capacity of soil and the quality of the concrete. Offered analogue-discrete model of soil and concrete based on a fragile body KR (Kulachkin-Radkevich). Quality concrete are investigated using acoustic methods. The critical analysis of methods of testing piles is done. Dynamic methods, Dynamic Load Test, Statnamic and Gersevanov method are effective. Osterberg method (static method) has significant limitations. Plate test after drilling wells to piles are effective for assessing the bearing capacity of piles with consideration of lateral friction when applying the casing. Combination of Ultrasonic and Load Strain Test (Seismoacoustics) increases the information content of acoustic research and can be used for piles, diaphragm walls, walling, and others. The dependence of the acoustic wave velocity (SPL) on the strength of concrete has linear character, used for Low Strain Test as part of a one-dimensional wave theory. Visual inspection and analysis of geotechnical engineering research within the Observation Method (observation method) is of practical importance, particularly for linear structures, allowing make necessary changes to the project during cobstruction.


This paper considers a FIFO single-server queue with service interruptions and multiple batch Markovian arrival streams. The server state (on and o), the type of arriving customers and their batch size are assumed to be governed by a continuous-time Markov chain with finite states. To put it more concretely, the marginal process of the server state is a phase-type alternating Markov renewal process, the marginal arrival process is a batch marked Markovian arrival process, and they may be correlated. Further, service times of arriving customers are allowed to depend on both their arrival stream and the server state on arrival. For such a queue, we derive the vector joint generating function of the numbers of customers from respective arrival streams. Further assuming discrete phase-type batch size distributions, we establish a numerical algorithm to compute the joint queue length distribution at a random point in time. Finally, we show some numerical examples and examine the impact of system parameters on the queue length distribution.


"Returning to Marx" is Absolutely a fashionable slogan in our times,Marxist philosophy is the unsurmountable philosophy.It is necessary to return to Marx,to approach Marx.But what matters is"What and How we can return to Marx?" This article is intended to clarify the misunderstanding to Marxist philosophy,and the two dimensions in Marxist philosophy.


Request for Treatment (RFT); the patient completes a form saying what they understand are the intended benefits and risks of treatment.


Objective:To evaluate the correlation between fine linear calcification or fine linear branching calcifications on mammography and histo-pathological findings and molecular expression in breast cancer,and further,to evaluate the feasibility of predicting pathological type and molecular subtype.Methods:150cases with breast cancer(non-mass)accompanied with calcification who underwent mammography were included in this study.Of this 150 cases,there were 94 cases with invasive ductal cancer(IDC),56 cases with ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS).The images were divided into two groups[fine linear or fine linear branching calcificaion(FLBC)group and non-FLBC group]based on the morphology of microcalcification by two senior radiologists to analyze the correlation of microcalcification morphology with pathological type(DCIS with or without focal micro-invasion and IDC with or without DCIS)and molecular expression(including PR,ER and HER2).Results:DCIS associated with micro-invasion was found more in FLBC group than in non-fine linear or non-FLBC group(27/37 vs 9/22,P0.05),and the patients in FLBC group had lower ER expression than the non-FLBC group(8/22vs22/34,P0.05).Fine linear or fine linear branching calcifications were associated with overexpression of HER2(17/39vs12/17,P0.05).Conclusion:Fine linear or fine linear branching calcifications of breast cancer are significantly correlated with pathological type and molecular expression.This finding may be useful for planning therapeutic strategy and predicting prognosis of breast cancer.


Chinese blockbuster works have come to the fore in the Chinese film field in recent years.However,the present Chinese blockbusters have some problems in the pursuit of commercial aesthetics——unbalance in the configuration of artistic elements and commercial elements;imperfect aspects in popular aesthetics,genre-oriented development,and digital aesthetics.The Chinese blockbuster will become a good kind with its development and mature.


The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of improvement work of man-made tide pool at Tannowa-Hakotsukuri artificial rocky coast on marine organisms. This work fills the tide pool with gravel and cuts off a part of upper edge of the side walls in tide pools. Then, the field observations on marine organisms arecarried out in the man-made tide pools. As a result, the number of species of marine organisms increases as compared with the number before the improvement work. Especially, the diversity of marine organisms is improved at the tide pool which is far from the low water shoreline. Moreover, porous concrete, concrete with slits in surface and covered with porous mats are recommended for the construction material of man-made tide pool.


Volume 116| Number 11/12 November/December 2020 Research Article https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7914 © 2020. The Author(s). Published under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Establishment of Beauveria bassiana isolates as endophytes in rice cultivars and their biocontrol efficacy against rice stem borer, Sesamia calamistis AUTHORS: Wonroo B.A. Bancole1 Mark D. Laing1 Kwasi S. Yobo1 Abou Togola2


Submitted for the DAMOP09 Meeting of The American Physical Society Nano-gratings and the atom-surface Van der Waals interaction1 VINCENT LONIJ, WILL HOLMGREN, BEN MCMORRAN, ALEX CRONIN, University of Arizona — Nano-gratings are used in several atomand electroninterferometers as coherent beamsplitters. Diffraction from these nano-gratings can be studied to observe the effect of the Van der Waals atom-surface interaction. In addition, these gratings have recently been used in atom-interferometers to detect a velocity dependent VdW induced phase shift. Determination of the VdW potential strength C3 from these studies, is limited by a lack of knowledge of the geometric parameters of the grating. Measurements of these parameters by conventional methods are plagued with several systematic errors. By studying diffraction of a beam of Na atoms at different angles of incidence, we are able to determine the geometric parameters with a precision that is competitive with conventional imaging methods. The precision is great enough to be able to notice the effect of atoms deposited on the gratings by the atom-beam. 1This work was supported by the NSF Vincent Lonij University of Arizona Date submitted: 23 Jan 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


Model-checking is one of the most successful automatic verification techniques over the last 20 years, and the development of model-checking tools is the bridge that connects theories in this field and applications. In order to efficiently model-check value-passing current systems which involve non-trivial data structures. An extended symbolic transition graph with assignment (STGA) is introduced as the semantic model of concurrent systems, and a modal graph is used as the semantic model of logic formulae. And then following an on-the-fly algorithm, a prototype tool is implemented to model-check concurrent systems. In this paper model-checking is summarized by introducing non-trivial data structures into value-passing process specification language and STGA. A practical case is also presented to justify the tool's efficiency.


A mild haemophilia A (factor VIII [FVIII] 10%) was discovered in a 73‐year‐old man during the preoperative haemostasis tests before a total knee arthroplasty for treatment of degenerative senile arthropathy. No history of previous abnormal bleeding was noted in spite of several previous challenging surgical procedures. Acquired haemophilia was ruled out and no other cases of haemophilia were found in the family. The surgery was successfully performed under recombinant FVIII aimed at achieving an FVIII level above 60%. This therapy induced the transient appearance of low‐titre FVIII antibodies. A still unpublished mutation within the exon 3 (Gly73Ala) was found with molecular studies. This case report underlines the importance of haemostasis tests before high‐risk bleeding surgical procedures even in elderly patients without a past history of haemorrhagic tendency.


Objective To explore the protective effects of Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides on oxidative stress activated P38MAPK to induce apoptosis of dorsal root ganglion(DRG) in type 2 diabetic rats and its mechanism.Methods SD rats fed with high-sucrose-high-fat diet for 8 weeks,and peritoneally injected with a low dose of STZ(35mg/kg) to induce hyperglycemia.The diabetic rats were randomly divided into the model group,low and high doses of LBP groups and α-Lipoic acid group.The course of treatment lasted for 10 weeks,the expression of pP38MAPK,Bcl-2,Bax and Caspase-3 protein were detected in DRG by immunohistochemisty.Results By image analysis,the expression level of Bcl-2 protein was higher and pP38MAPK,Bax and Caspase-3 protein was lower in high doses of LBP group.Its average level of light density was significantly different compared with model group(P0.05).Conclusion LBP may up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2,inhibiting expression of Bax,pP38MAPK and Caspase-3 by controlling P38MAPK,and decreases apoptosis may be through adjusting the oxidative stress state of organism.This may be one of the function mechanisms of protective effects of LBP on diabetic peripheral neuropathy.


The emphasis of this note is placed on finding out whether dynamic snap-through will occur when a shallow arch resting on an elastic foundation with elastic constant β is stretched or compressed with constant speed. It is found that for β>8/7 no dynamic snap-through will occur when the arch is stretched. However, as long as β<4, dynamic snap-through is still possible when the arch is compressed.


Although riparian zones are well known to reduce nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff to streams, they also have the potential to affect greenhouse gas (CO2, N2O, and CH4) fluxes to the atmosphere. Following large storms, soil biogeochemical conditions often become more reduced, especially in oxbow depressions and side channels, which can lead to hot moments of greenhouse gas production. Here, we investigate the impact of the remnants of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee on riparian zone hydrology (water table: WT), and biogeochemistry (oxidation‐reduction potential [ORP], dissolved oxygen [DO], NO3−, PO43−, CO2, N2O, CH4). Results indicate that large storms have the potential to reset WT levels for weeks to months. Overbank flooding at our site following Irene and Lee led to the infiltration of well‐oxygenated water at depth (higher DO and ORP) while promoting the development of anoxic conditions within soil aggregates near the soil surface (increased N2O and CH4 fluxes). A short‐term increase in CO2 emission was observed following Irene at our site where aerobic respiration was water‐limited. Over a 2‐year period, an oxbow depression exhibited higher WT, higher N2O and CH4 fluxes (hot moment), higher CO2 fluxes (seasonal), and lower NO3− concentrations (seasonal) than the rest of the riparian zone. However, neither Irene, nor Lee, nor the oxbow depression significantly impacted PO43−. Dissolved organic carbon, ORP, and DO data illustrate the time‐lag (>20 years) between the creation of an oxbow depression and the development of reducing conditions despite clear differences in riparian zone and oxbow WT dynamics.

publisher-specific, author manuscript: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions


The utility model provides a gas burner with low NOx exhaustion. The utility model adopts two methods to inhibit the content of NOx in fume, wherein, one method adopts two-section combustion, the first section combustion adopts premixing type high combustion, and the second section combustion adopts diffusion type low combustion. In the first section combustion, fume reflux is introduced to lower combustion temperature. The utility model successfully inhibits the content of NOx in the combustion products by lowering the combustion temperature and the oxygen content.


INTRODUCTION: Among the existing issues related to the health and quality of life of Russian adolescents, suicidal behavior is being actively discussed; however, the available comprehensive measures for prevention of suicide and attempts at suicide at this age do not provide an adequate solution. This is due to the fact that suicide is an integrative phenomenon, and the act of suicide itself is interpreted, in essence, as the "tip of the iceberg". What is especially clearly manifested in adolescence is the fact that the readiness to commit suicide is associated not so much with the level of severity of mental pathology and personality dysfunction, but with the general social context lack of well-being of total trouble. Therefore, suicide prevention cannot be based purely on the timely identi fi cation of persons at risk for mental pathology. PURPOSE: The purpose of this work .


Introduction: Seismic waves generated by shallow underground explosions propagate differently from those generated by surface explosions. Thus, an accurate understanding of the propagation laws of seismic waves generated by explosions at various burial depths and TNT equivalent amounts is significant in assessing the destructive power of munitions and establishing guidelines for their application.Methods: In this study, we conducted several ground vibration velocity tests of shallow underground chemical explosion seismic waves for various TNT equivalent amounts and burial depths in a shooting range and analyzed the propagation of the seismic waves. Using the explosion similarity theory and dimensional analysis, we derived an equation for the estimation of the particle vibration velocity of shallow underground chemical explosion seismic waves. This equation calculation results have a very high degree of agreement with the measured data, measured data verify that the accuracy of the calculation model is better than 90.2%.Results and discussion: This equation calculation results have a very high degree of agreement with the measured data, measured data verify that the accuracy of the calculation model is better than 90.2%, which greatly improves the calculation accuracy of the shallow underground chemical explosion seismic wave particle vibration velocity, and thus provide effective theoretical support for analyzing explosion seismic waves in engineering tests.


The article deals with the theoretical basis and technique of technical design of municipal boundaries in a heterogeneous geospatial environment.
The scientific hypothesis of the work is that the use of technical approximation in the design of the boundaries of municipalities will take into account the heterogeneity of the original geospatial data and scientifically justified to install them on the local.
It is noted that the existing methods of technical design of the boundaries of municipal formations do not allow to take into account the heterogeneity of the original geospatial data on objects in the field of design, and the functionality of software for the preparation of land management documentation has a low level of automation of geometric design. The consequence of this is significant labor costs and the influence of the subjective factor on the design decisions. There is also no single approach to the implementation of technical and geometric design of the boundaries of the municipal formations. At the same time, the establishment of the Institute of local self-government in Russia requires reliable and relevant data on the state of the territory, including the boundaries of municipalities. To solve this problem, a methodology has been developed, which includes principles, additional requirements, algorithm and software module. The theoretical basis of technical design is based on the General formulation of the dynamic programming problem, and the geometric design algorithm – on the mathematical model of the weight moving average.
It is proved that the use of technical approximation using a weight sliding average in geometric design allows to take into account the heterogeneity of the current geospatial data on objects in the field of design, to exclude the subjective factor and to increase the level of automation of design work. As a result, it allows to obtain the relevant boundaries of municipalities and, as a result, to minimize the costs of resolving territorial disputes and increase the efficiency of managerial decision-making.


Automatic marking scores is the inevitable choice of large-scale computer test,but the computing symbols,operation step,and solving method of mathematics subjective problem are diversity,which always restrict the development of examination system. Mathematical logic is a branch of mathematics,and propositional logic is a part of mathematical logic. The same scheme of formal deducibility in propositional logic can have different formal proof,which means one problem has different solving methods. But it has a strict procedure,so we can make use of this characteristic to develop an automatic scoring system for itself by using C#. Application shows that,the system has friendly interface and it can greatly improve the efficiency of the teacher.


For the development of a kinetic model of the reactions occurring during refining processes, the MPS method that can easily calculate the large deformations in free surfaces and interfaces was used as a simulation tool for a high temperature fluid flow. A two-dimensional simulation of the impingement of a liquid jet on a liquid bath was performed for a slag–metal system, and the interfacial area between a slag and a metal was estimated. The possibilities and problems encountered in the application of the MPS method to the simulation of practical steelmaking processes are discussed.


We report observation of strong phonon-pair oscillations in CdZnTe multiple quantum wells and cubic ZnTe(001). Using femtosecond laser pulses with photon energies far below the bandgap, the coherent phonon-pair oscillations are generated via the impulsive stimulated Raman scattering of the second order. Polarization- and phase-sensitive measurements allow us to resolve both relative Raman polarizabilities of various symmetry modes and their initial phases, simultaneously.


21 Appl. No.: 787,683 The invention relates to a method for the production of 22 Filed: Oct. 15, 1985 a wood veneer resistant to, amongst other things, mi 9 cro-organisms and insects which is suitable for use in 51) Int. Cl.' ......................... B05D 1/18; B05D 1/28; constructions intended for joinery, construction, pack 52 U.S. Cl stians;5. aging and installation applications. Vi s-ass sow a on 8 as a spees vs27/37,427/428,428S. In accordance with one rational embodiment of the 58) Field of Search ................ logist, invention raw veneer is impregnated before it has dried, 427/428; 428/541 whereupon it is dried by heating. The impregnation medium is incorporated in this way after diffusion of the 56) References Cited ring pores of the veneer once its cell walls have been U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS sealed.


Cretaceous cyclic sedimentation in the southern Benue trough, together with unconformities, provide a tripartite subdivision of the sedimentary succession into (1) the Albian Asu River Group, (2) the late Cenomanian to early Santonian Cross River Group (new name) comprising the marine Nkalagu Formation (new name) and interfingering marginal marine sandstones, and (3) the post-Santonian coal measures sequence. Most of the Albian to Eocene marine shales in the Benue trough and the Turonian shales in the southern Chad basin contain well over 0.5% total organic carbon, with values of up to 7.4% in Turonian anaerobic shales. Based on the high content of soluble organic matter, thermal maturity, and the predominantly terrigenous character of the Late Cretaceous shales, mostly natural gas was probably generated in both basins. The late Santonian folding and uplift would have disrupted petroleum reservoirs. Also, crude oil accumulations which were not dissipated by tectonism would be relocated at relatively shallow depths and hence become accessible to invading meteoric waters.


We present a new scheme based on multiple-cue integration for visual tracking within a Gaussian particle filter framework. The proposed method integrates the color, shape, and texture cues of an object to construct a hybrid likelihood model. During the measurement step, the likelihood model can be switched adaptively according to environmental changes, which improves the object representation to deal with the complex disturbances, such as appearance changes, partial occlusions, and significant clutter. Moreover, the confidence weights of the cues are adjusted online through the estimation using a particle filter, which ensures the tracking accuracy and reliability. Experiments are conducted on several real video sequences, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively track objects in complex scenarios. Compared with previous similar approaches through some quantitative and qualitative evaluations, the proposed method performs better in terms of tracking robustness and precision.


Antioxidants are being used extensively to
prevent rancidity in fats and fatty foods. Precise
data on the amount of food rejected owing to the
development of rancidity are not available, but
it is known that the use of antioxidants has
materially helped to reduce this loss. The
development of rancidity in foods besides
lowering their palatability results in a decrease in
their nutritive value, through destruction of
important nutrients like vitamins and essential
fatty acids. Rancidity is not confined to foods
of high fat content but it may occur even in
cereals and other foods of relatively low fat
content and under conditions like refrigeration,
dehydration and salting which prevent microbial
spoilage. The use of antioxidants has been on
the increase during recent years. Bose and
Subrahmanyan1 reviewed the general uses of
antioxidants in science and industry. The
present review deals with the more recent developments
in the use of antioxidants in the stabilization
of fats and fatty foods.


An advanced model is proposed for grid connectivity
of an interconnected network consisting of a charging station for
electric automobiles. To automate the discharge procedure of
charging/ the battery energy storing system, a wind network, the
photovoltaic system, and the battery energy storing system is
developed to efficiently increase the consumption degree of solar
and wind energy sources and create renewable inner-city capacity.
On the basis of DC bus architecture, the power design was
planned such that buffered storage systems and renewable energy
resources can be incorporated. The proposed optimal control
algorithm uses the Swarm Optimization Algorithm consists of
Multi-Objective Particle, developed for electric vehicles charging
or discharge behaviors to minimize the overall actual energy loss
and increase the integration of EVs with power networks due to
the efficiency and economy of network activity, taking into
account the economic issue and the satisfaction of consumers, the
voltage limits and the parking availability pattern. To test the
proposed EV charging strategy, simulation studies based on
efficiency, and assessed major energy fluxes within the device.
Energy management approaches have also been developed to
optimize the power requirements and charging times of various
electric vehicles. Results suggest that proposed model will
substantially reduce the power grid's operational costs while
meeting the charging criteria of the customer. Improved
performance on global search capabilities is also checked, as is
the desired outcome of enhanced particle swarm optimization
algorithm. The findings show that the new approach is in a
position to prepare EV charging times optimally, taking into
account electronic knowledge and uncertainty.


The Rad50‐Mre11 complex (MR complex) is implicated in the initial processing of DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs). Mre11 is a nuclease and Rad50 is an ATPase belonging to the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) protein superfamily. Rad50 forms a dimer at two interfaces: the pair of ATP binding sites that are formed in trans between two Rad50 subunits, and the zinc‐hook motif (CXXC) at the apex of an intramolecular coiled‐coil. T4 phage contains functionally equivalent orthologs of Rad50 and Mre11, gp46 and gp47 respectively. These orthologs are well expressed and easily purified from a bacterial system. The function of the zinc‐hook motif was investigated in this model system by mutating the conserved cysteines to serine (Rad502CS). The mutant was evaluated in vitro for DNA and Mre11 binding, ATP hydrolysis activity, and the activation of Mre11 nuclease activity. The results demonstrate that although Rad502CS binds Mre11 and DNA normally, the inability of the zinc‐hook to bind Zn2+ broadly affects both the ATP hydrolysis and nuclease activity of the complex. These data indicate a high degree of allosteric communication between the zinc‐hook and the active sites of both Rad50 and Mre11.


This paper discusses the theme of augmenting a knowledge workshop. The first part of the paper describes the concept and framework of the knowledge workshop. The second part describes aspects of a prototype knowledge workshop being developed within this framework. The importance and implications of the idea of knowledge work have been described by Drucker.Considering knowledge to be the systematic organization of information and concepts, he defines the knowledge worker as the person who creates and applies knowledge to productive ends, in contrast to an "intellectual" for whom information and concepts may only have importance because they interest him, or to the manual worker who applies manual skills or brawn. In those two books Drucker brings out many significant facts and considerations highly relevant to the theme here, one among them (paraphrased below) being the accelerating rate at which knowledge and knowledge work are coming to dominate the working activity of our society:


Social workers have always provided services for children or youth with serious mental illness and their families. We have not, however, always included neuroscience findings as part of our treatment frameworks. Nor have we maximized the incorporation of biological theories into our daily practice. The social work role is often unclear when mental illness is framed as a brain disease rather than solely as a social-environmental problem. This article offers a treatment model and suggestions for working with children and youths who have neuropsychiatric disorders. Specific suggestions are offered for working with these children and their families, supporting biological and medication interventions, and functioning as a professional member of a multidisciplinary team. Social workers need accessible, easily applicable information that translates research into practice guidelines. These guidelines must form a coherent, flexible treatment model that meets the needs of children and their families. This article begins to meet this need by translating ecological theory and neurobiological concepts into a clinical framework.


The utility model discloses a cylinder applied to a valve needle hot runner system, which comprises a cylinder body provided with an inner cavity, a cylinder cover covering an upper opening of the cylinder body, a cylinder core connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body in a sealing mode and capable of axially sliding along the cylinder body, a press block fixedly connected with the upper portion of the cylinder body, and a valve needle installed at the lower end of the cylinder core. An upper through hole is arranged on the upper portion of the periphery of the cylinder core on the lateral wall of the cylinder body, and a lower through hole is arranged on the lower portion of the periphery of the cylinder core on the lateral wall of the cylinder body. The cylinder is simple in structure and convenient to assemble and disassemble and saves cost. The cylinder is evenly stressed, and the valve needle can run stably under the drive of the cylinder core to achieve good glue sealing effect.


The right selection of cutting parameters for machining operations plays a crucial role in achieving the desired economical and quality goals. A key issue of the optimization models developed as a solution of this problem is the reliable prediction of tool life, which is strongly related to the identification of the functional relationship between the tool life and its main influential factors, i.e. the cutting speed and the feed rate.


RANZCO Fellows can claim CPD points by reading the following two articles which appear in this issue, and answering the five questions. One point is awarded for each set of five questions answered. Please remember to claim your points. Kong GYX, Henderson RH, Sandhu SS, Essex RW, Allen PJ, Cam WG. Wound-related complications and clinical outcomes following open globe injury repair (pp. 508–13). 1. What is a perforating eye injury? 2. Which factors were identified in this study that increase the risk of postoperative wound leak following open eye injury repair? (a) Early return to theatre, stellate-shaped wound (b) Stellate-shaped wound, delayed presentation ≥ 24 h. (c) Microbial keratitis, dirty wound (d) Early return to theatre, delayed presentation ≥24 h. 3. What are some conservative methods of managing postoperative wound leak from open eye injury? 4. What factors were found in this study that increase the risk of poor visual outcome from open eye injury? 5. What factors were found in this study that increase the risk of endophthalmitis from open eye injury?


In our case study, reaching an agreement on stewardship was complicated by co-ownership of land by new Englishspeaking immigrants and a traditional Afrikaans farmer. This was resolved by through independent mediation and clear communication in the mother tongues of all parties. The cultural landscape in South Africa is as varied as its biodiversity. This diversity of peoples and values has a profound impact on landowner attitude to conservation and therefore to stewardship. Stewardship extension officers need to establish a relationship which reveals and transcends these differences. This case study explores the differences in landowner attitudes towards conservation in the Little Karoo, and discusses the impact of these differences on conservation work.


Abstract– The identification of adenine by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on different mineral phases of a Martian meteorite Dar al Gani (DaG) 670 has been adopted as a test to verify the capability of this technique to detect trace amounts of organic or biological substances deposited over, or contained in, extraterrestrial materials. Raman spectra of different phases of meteorite (olivine, pyroxene, and ilmenite), representative of Martian basaltic rocks, have been measured by three laser sources with wavelengths at 785, 632.8, and 514.5 nm, coupled to a confocal micro‐Raman apparatus. Adenine deposited on the Martian meteorite cannot be observed in the normal Raman spectra; when, instead, meteorite is treated with silver colloidal nanoparticles, the SERS bands of adenine are strongly enhanced, allowing an easy and simple identification of this nucleobase at subpicogram level.


Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma is relatively a rare mixed odontogenic tumour, which is composed of ameloblastic fibroma and a complex or compound odontoma, characterized clinically as an asymptomatic growth in the posterior mandibular region with male preponderance and a mean age of incidence 11.5 yrs. Two such cases reported in the Department of Orall pathology, college of Dental Surgery, manipal has been presented in this paper with a review of literature.


Introduction: Vaccination is the most efficient and cost-effective way to prevent infectious diseases. In recent years, despite the proven positive role of vaccination, there has been an ambiguous attitude towards ongoing vaccination campaigns in the world.
Objective: To test and validate the proprietary method of establishing personal levels of vaccination adherence.
Materials and methods: The authors have elaborated a method of assessing vaccination adherence using a specially developed questionnaire consisting of four groups (scales) and including 36 both direct and indirect statements related to immunization and serving as indicators. In April–June 2023, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey of 300 people aged 19 to 75 years. The respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement with the statements using the Likert scale. Each indicator was a value calculated for a particular respondent, expressed in points. The scoring was done manually or automatically. The data were then analyzed in SPSS Statistics 23.0 using methods of correlation analysis and descriptive statistics.
Results: The vaccination adherence level was moderate in 179 (59.7 %), low in 9 (3.0 %), and high in 112 (37.3 %) respondents. The Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between the responses and the actual level of commitment to vaccination. Our method has demonstrated compliance with standard requirements for internal consistency, factor validity of scales, and statistical significance of test parts (Cronbach's α-coefficient = 0.830; the factor analysis allowed us to distinguish four components).
Conclusion: Testing and subsequent validation of the own method have made it possible to determine the level of vaccination adherence as moderate as the questionnaire scales correspond to significant factors influencing the choice of a behavioral strategy. This method can be recommended both for research purposes and for practical application in healthcare institutions.


Introduction Pain of the nerve root is one of the major symptoms of the lumbar disc herniation.. In terms of the pathogenesis of this pain, the role of various kinds of biochemical mediators are focused in addition to the direct mechanical compression to the nerve root though the precise pathomechanism remains still elusive. It is well established that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a strong mediator to induce the pain in inflammatory conditions including lumbar disc herniation. Recently, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the inducible isoform of COX, has been identified as the key enzyme to regulate PGE2 synthesis in inflammatory conditions. There are many reports concerning the induction of COX-2 by stimulation with inflammatory cytokines to many kinds of cells. However, the role of COX-2 in pathogenesis of lumbar disc herniation has not been fully discussed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the role of COX-2 and the inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of lumbar disc herniation by using immunohistological and molecular biological methods.


An introduction to the use of the empirical methods for the prediction of the molecular rotation [1i]and linkage rotation [_A_] of carbohydrates is given. From knowledge of conformations the major factors determining the sign of the optical rotatory dispersion (cored.) curves and the first circular dicbroisrn (c.do) band of unsubstituted sugars are considered. The o.r0d. and c.d. of polysaccharides and polysaccharide derivatives containing accessible chromophore s are discussed. In Section A of this Thesis the variation with temperature of the compensated molecular rotation (corner.) of a series of monosaccharide methyl glycosides has been rneasuredin water, dimethyl sulphoxide and dioxan and compared with Reeves' earlier measurements in N NaOH. The change in the c.m.z'. values with temperature and solvent cannot be rationalised solely by changes in the conformational equilibria around the C(5) C(6) and C(i) 00H3 bonds. An explanation is given in terms of changes in the empirical parameters used to estimate monosaccharide molecular rotations. The change in the c.m.r. values on replacing water by any other simple solvent are greater than those obsErved on interchanging other simple solvents. A possible explanation for this is given in terms of the theoretical description of dilute aqueous solutions of simple carbohydrates. The variation of []D with temperature has been measured for several disaccharides in the solvents mentioned. For a—linked disaccharides in water it is suggested that the molecules spend considerable time in "folded" conformations where the hydrophobic glucose surfaces are screened from solvent. This is not possible for 3—linked disaccharides. The anomalous [tQbslD for cyclohexaamylose is explained by an "intramolecular inclusion complex" in which one linkage approaches a folded conformation. The consequences of these suggestions on the conformations of —l 14—linked oligosaccharides and amylose are also discussed. In Section B of this Thesis it is shown that c.d. has great scope for alginate characterisation. A rapid, sensitive, non—destructive method for the estimation of alginate composition is given. Moreover both guluronate and manriu.ronate residues can occur in the chains between two like or two unlike residues and this has predictable second order influences on the spectra. By mixing the "canonical spectra" of the three types of block found in alginates, using a computer, alginate spectra can be accurately reproduced giving a direct 'index of block structure. Using calcium alginate as a model the use of c.d. to characterise the specific interactions between polysaccharide polyelectrolytes and inorganic cations has been explored. Alginate gelation has been studied by diffusing divalent metal ions directly into a c.d. cell filled with alginate solution. The striking spectral changes which occur elucidate the cooperative mechanism for the formation of the gel network by association of like regions of the chains into ordered bundles. An explicit chemical structure is also proposed for these "microcyrstallite" regions which is in very good agreement with other experimental evidence.


The Green function for an oscillator with anticommuting degrees of freedom is obtained by extending two operator methods to the case of a Grassmann algebra: the dynamical-group approach and the Dirac-Schwinger method. In both methods, we verify that the canonical anticommutation relations are responsible for the fact that this system has a negative-dimensional behaviour.


3020 Background: Pharmacodynamic (PD) studies, using either surrogate or tumor tissues, are frequently incorporated in Phase I trials. However, it has been less common to base dose selection, the primary endpoint in Phase I trials, in PD effects. We conducted a PD-based dose selection study with rapamycin (Rap).

METHODS
We used the modified continuous reassessment method (mCRM), a computer-based dose escalation algorithm, and adapted the logit function from its classic toxicity-based input data to a PD-based input. We coupled this design to a Phase I trial of Rap with 2 parts: a dose estimation phase where PD endpoints are measured in normal tissues and a confirmation phase where tumor tissue is assessed. Patients (pts) had solid tumors refractory to standard therapy. Rap was given starting at 2 mg/day continuously in 3-pt cohorts. The PD endpoint was pP70S6K in skin and tumor. Biopsies were done on days 0 and 28 of cycle 1, and a PD effect was defined as ≥ 80% inhibition from baseline. The first 2 dose levels (2 and 3 mgs) were evaluated before implementing the mCRM. The data was then fed to the computer that based on the PD effect calculated the next dose level. The mCRM was set so escalation continued until a dose level elicited a PD effect and the mCRM assigned the same dose to 8 consecutive pts, at which point the effect of that dose will be confirmed in tumor biopsies. Other correlates were PET-CT and pharmacokinetics.

RESULTS
Ten pts were enrolled at doses of 2 mg (n = 4), 3 mg (n = 3) and 6 mg (n = 3). Toxicity was anemia (4 G1, 1 G2), leucopenia (1 G1, 2 G2), low ANC (2 G2), hyperglycemia (2 G1, 1 G2), hyperlipidemia (4 G1), and mucositis (1 G1, 1 G2). PD responses were seen in 2 and 1 pt at 2 and 3 mg dose levels. Input of data to the mCRM selected a dose of 6 mg for the third cohort, where PD effect was seen in 1 pt, and thus a fourth dose around 9 mg will be tested. No responses by RECIST occurred, but 2 pts had a response by PET. The PK was consistent with prior data (t1/2 24.6 ± 10.2 h, CL 31.4 ± 12.0 L/h, vol of distribution 235 ± 65 L), and exposure increased with dose. Steady-state concentration were in the 5-20 nM range.

CONCLUSIONS
mCRM-based dose escalation based on real-time PD assessment is feasible and permits the exploitation of PD effects for dose selection in a rational manner. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Ononis tridentata L., a new host plant for Tychius striatulus Gyllenhal, 1836 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Abstract: Ononis tridentata L. is recorded as host plant of Tychius striatulus Gyllenhal, 1836 in both larval and imaginal states. The length of the pupal stage is recorded as taking 13 days under laboratory conditions.


This paper presents the thrust loss suppression algorithm in the electric propulsion ship. The thrust loss due to cavitation can be regarded as the disturbance torque. The disturbance torque is estimated by means of the disturbance observer. Considering the estimated disturbance torque. the speed reference of the propeller is modified to suppress the thrust loss. The experimental results which performed in the cavitation tunnel with electric machine operating system and its controller will be shown to verify the proposed algorithm.


Privatising public services shifts control rights and contractual obligations to providers. This paper shows that privatisation can (1) demotivate the government from investigating and responding to public demands because privatisation allows the provider to hold up the government's service adaptations, (2) demotivate the public from mobilising to pressure for service adaptations through an indirect holdup — when the government pays an insated price for an adaptation, this reduces public funds. Furthermore, public mobilisation and government receptiveness are complementary, so these demotivation effects are mutually reinforcing. Privatisation can also (3) reduce the degree of government involvement in service provision and therefore shift the attribution of responsibility for outcomes from the government onto the provider. A fourth negative effect on accountability (for contractually unanticipated service adaptations) arises when outsourcing contracts span an election, because this deters service quality commitment by opposition parties who would risk facing an extreme inherited holdup.


In high quality industrial processes, the control chart is design based on cumulative count of conforming (CCC) items is very useful. In this paper, the performance of CCC-r chart with variable sampling intervals (CCC-rVSI chart) in the presence ofinspectionerrors isinvestigated. The efficiency of CCC-rVSI chart is compared with CCC-r chart with fixed sampling interval (CCC-rFSI chart). The comparison results show thatthe VSI scheme can performs better than the FSI scheme. In addition, analysis and discussion of the results are presented to illustrate the effect of input parameters on the performance of CCC-rVSI chart.


A controlled clinical trial was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of small doses of furazolidone for the treatment of duodenal ulcer and the clearance of Helicobacter pylori. In a course of 6 weeks, 25 patients of Group Ⅰ were given furazolidone 10 mg 7 times/day, and 20 patients of Group Ⅱ took bismuth subcitrate with the trade of Denol 110 mg qid. The findings were as follows: (1) Relief of epigastric pains occurred in 88% of Group Ⅰ patients and in all the Group Ⅱ patients; (2) Gastroscopy revealed that the ulcer healed in 64% of Group Ⅰ patients and 80%. of Group Ⅱ ones and the ulcer area was reduced in 85.6% of Group Ⅰ patients and 89.3% of Group Ⅰ ones (P>0.05); (3) The clearance rate of H. pylori was 48% in Group Ⅰ and 55% in Group Ⅱ (P>0.05). It is concluded that furazolidone in small doses is as efficacious as Denol in the treatment of duodenal ulcer and the clearance of H. pylori, and it be a safe substitute for the routine dose of furazolidone for the treatment of duodenal ulcer.


Products currently being obtained by means of microorganisms range from bulk chemicals to food additives to biologically active agents such as enzymes, hormones, and antibiotics. Increased knowledge of biochemistry and molecular biology now promises a whole new spectrum of products in quantities greater than ever before possible. To realize the full benefits of this technology, however, processes must be developed for mass production at reasonable costs. An important consideration for such a process is its productivity, which is defined as the overall rate of formation of the desired product per unit volume of the system. Productivity of a microbial system is a function of the number of active cells present, as well as the specific activity of each individual cell. In several processes, it is desirable to suppress the formation of the desired product until a suitable high density is achieved, and then to turn on the mechanism of product formation.'.' The objective of this paper is to discuss control of a bacterial fermentation to high densities in this light. A number of recombinant-DNA products have been expressed in bacteria that are characterized by the capability to grow rapidly, as well as to excrete a number of often undesirable by-products. Hence, one of the objectives of control is to minimize the formation of undesirables. Due to the high specific growth rates of these microorganisms, oxygen demand of the culture broth may easily outstrip its supply, which must occur through gas-liquid mass transfer. Because partially oxidized products are formed under the conditions of oxygen-limited growth, oxygen demand of the culture must also be controlled within the limits of oxygen-transfer capacity of the fermentor.


Objective:To explore the role of CD44v6 in the development and prognosis of invasive squamous cell cervical carcinoma (ISCC) and the relationship between CD44v6 and the pathological parameters of ISCC. Methods:SP immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of CD44v6 in 20 cases of normal cervical squamous epithelia (NSCE) and in 51 cases of ISCC who had been operated. Results:Expression rates of CD44v6 in NSCE and ISCC are 100% and 72.6% respectively, they are obviously decreased in patients with ISCC, especially the late stage of carcinoma, poor cell differentiation, macrostructural tumor, deep invasion and with metastasis of lymph node. Conclusion:CD44v6 may predict the prognosis of ISCC. [


OBJECTIVE:To develop drug E-commerce,so as to reform the hospital drug purchasing management pattern METHODS:To probe into the necessity and existing problems in centralized drug purchasing by way of bidding through E-commerce RESULTS CONCLUSION:The adoption of centralized drug purchasing by way of bidding through E-commerce could ensure drug quality,shorten drug purchasing cycle period,reduce purchasing cost as well as drug price,decrease irrational drug use and promote the formation of new drug marketing


This article analyzes the interpretation of competence and the implementation of competence approach in Russian education, which is regarded as a student-centered educational paradigm associated with the real socio-economic context.


The paper presents an epitomizing analysis and a comprehensive assessing discussion on the construction and system build up of 600 MW supercritical power sets in oversea countries,accompanied by a discussion on the development of large supercritical units in this country.The paper may serve as a reference for the development of this type of power sets.Table 6\;


Femtosecond laser processing of silicon has shown effective material removal, but with heat-induced formation of raised surface features. The surface heating phenomenon was simulated to optimize laser parameters for mitigating thermal effects in femtosecond processing.


The Spitzer Science Center's (SSC) evolutionary development
approach, coupled with a flexible, scaleable hardware and software architecture has been key in Spitzer's ability to handle an explosion of data products, evolving data definitions, and changing data quality requirements. Spitzer is generating (depending on the campaign and instrument) about 10 TB of pre-archive data every 14 to 20 days. This generally reduces to between 3 TB and 6 TB of
standard products, again depending on the campaign and instrument. This paper will discuss (1) the Spitzer Science Center's responses to evolving data, quality, and processing requirements and (2) how robust or not was the original architecture to allow Spitzer to accommodate on-going change.


• Cost saving The gun turret drive on a combat vehicle presents a very complex design challenge. When the vehicle travels over rough terrain, the gun turret drive compensates for the vehicle's motion and keeps the gun pointed precisely at its target with 99.5% accuracy. In the past, General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) engineers used separate simulations to evaluate different aspects of the gun turret drive design, such as the rigid body structures, flexible bodies and control system. But engineers were not able to evaluate the performance of the gun turret drive as a complete system until they built and tested prototypes.


Dynamic load model and its parameter identification are important factors in stability analysis of power system.A suitable load model can be obtained by parameter identification based on the measurement data in a specific station.In this paper,the denoising process of measurement signals is studied.Mean filter,medial filter and wavelet methods are used in denoising of measurement signals using in dynamic load model.By analyzing of denoising curves and comparing with the simulation results,the application value of wavelet denoising is shown such as smoothing of original signal,following of signal's changes and approach feature of dynamic load model simulating curves.


We describe a thermal conductivity cell for the measurements of the composition of binary gas mixtures. The main advantage of the cell is that its response is pressure independent in the range 20–100 Torr. The apparatus, of the parallel plate type, uses a very thin printed circuit film as the hot plate in order to achieve a fast response time. The cell was designed and operated to determine the ortho‐para‐composition of hydrogen gas samples but it also works reliably as an analyser of 3He–4He gas mixtures. In both cases the precision of the instrument is better than 10−2 for the mole fraction.


Russia forms a key element in many interpretations of the Gog prophecy and this is based on the identity of Rosh in Ezekiel 39.1. This article will investigate the term and conduct a short survey of scholarly interpretations. In order to establish that Russia is named in Ezekiel 39.1 it is important to demonstrate three things (1) That Rosh is the correct reading (2) That Rosh refers to Russia (3) That the geographical and historical location of Rosh is the Russian state.


This paper put some related countermeasures and the suggestion to solve these problems by studying some problem about administrative enforcement regional protectionism、ambiguity and irregularity in the subjects of administrative enforcement ect.in recent years in some cites.


If G is a bipartite graph with bipartition A, B then let Gm,n(A, B) be obtained from G by replacing each vertex a of A by an independent set a1, …, am, each vertex b of B by an independent set b1,…, bn, and each edge ab of G by the complete bipartite graph with edges aibj (1 ≤ i ≤ m and 1 ≤ j ≤ n). Whenever G has certain types of spanning forests, then cellular embeddings of G in surfaces S may be lifted to embeddings of Gm,n(A, B) having faces of the same sizes as those of G in S. These results are proved by the technique of "excess-current graphs." They include new genus embeddings for a large class of bipartite graphs.


Printed pamphlet with Matthew Drennan's letter of application including his curriculum vitae, lists of prizes, bursaries and honours. Included are testimonials from the University of Edinburgh faculty presented as part of his application.


With the popularization of Internet,XML acts as a more and more important role on E-commerce and data exchange.However,PHP has been used widely in dynamic Web-page design in a long time.Their combination becomes significant now.Discussed the XML support in PHP,and analyzed the working of Expat-an XML parser in PHP.Then put forward the using of expand DOM class on XML-parse in PHP5.The example in this paper also shows the flexibility of PHP in XML application support.


Multi-task parallel processor arrays are a common machine architecture in which, typically, the tasks running in parallel occupy disjoint subarrays of the machine. On dynamically and partially reconfigurable processor arrays the tasks can be changed during run time. This is useful for online scenarios when the relative importance of tasks might change and therefore the assignment of computational resources to the tasks should be changed. Examples are optimization tasks in an online scenario in which the results of some tasks are needed earlier than expected at initialization. For such tasks the size of their subarrays must be increased because they need more computational resources to speed up. In this paper we design flexible particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms for 2-dimensional reconfigurable processor arrays where the algorithms can change their size and have good optimization behaviour. Since PSO is an iterative, individual-based optimization algorithm that relies upon interactions of neighbouring particles suitable for fine-grained parallel architectures. We propose a dynamic 2-dimensional hierarchical ordering of the particles within a tasks subarray so that the best particles are concentrated in the center. This gives the best particles the strongest influence on the swarm. A further advantage is that size reductions of the tasks can easily be done by cutting off the outer parts of the swarm which contain mainly the less good particles. It is experimentally shown that the proposed algorithms perform better than standard PSO algorithms under conditions with varying supply of computing resources that are available for the tasks. Moreover, also for conditions with constant supply of processing resources and no need for size changes the proposed algorithms perform well.


[Objective] The aim was to research the effects of Cr(Ⅵ) and the factors of removing dissolved Cr(Ⅵ) with nanoscale zero valent iron.[Method] With Cr(Ⅵ) as the material,nanoscale zero-valent iron was synthesized in aqueous solutions by reduction of Fe3+ with NaBH4.The effects on removal ratio were analysed under the initial concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) were 10.0、20.0、30.0、50.0、70.0 mg/L,temperatures were 15、20、25、30、40 ℃,the pH were 3、5、7、8、9 for the NZVI dosage were 0.01、0.03、0.04、0.05、0.07 g.[Result] Cr(Ⅵ) could be removed effectively with NZVI and the removal ratio was more than 90% with an initial pH of 5 at 25 ℃,and 0.05g/100 ml NZVI when the Cr(Ⅵ) concentration was 20.0 mg/L.[Conclusion] Cr(Ⅵ) could be removed by NZVI,the pH,Cr(Ⅵ) initial concentration,temperature and the NZVI dosage were the main factors of effecting Cr(Ⅵ) removal.


The air source heat pump hot water unit because of highly effective energy conservation,the security environmental protection,is widely used in the institution,the school,the industrial and mining establishment,the residential district,the hospital,each kind of recreation area and so on.The type of direct heating and circulation heat pump,because of the different heating way,they are many difference in energy efficiency and the efficient.These two types of heat pump unit,which is better in the performance of the actual project and the quality,has been the topics which the present people pay attention.


The "e-Competitions" bulletin has reported on a number of occasions on the aftermath of the takeover bid announced on 5 September 2005 by Gas Natural, the most important Spanish gas provider, for…


Abstract This paper reports on studies of biology and life history of the Zimmerman pine moth, Dioryctria zimmermani (Grote), in southern Michigan. Adults emerged during the last 3 weeks of August and eggs hatched through mid-September. Eggs were laid almost entirely on the main stem and, upon hatching, the larvae entered recesses in the bark and spun hibernacula, ostensibly without feeding. Studies on the vertical distribution of larvae and pupae showed a fairly uniform distribution over the main stem in spring and early summer. In late summer, a larger percentage was found in middle whorls. Based on head capsule measurements, it is tentatively proposed that there are six larval stadia. Occurrence of parasitism in the last larval stadia is discussed, and a new egg parasite is reported. The presence of D. abietivorella Grote in the study areas is noted, and discussed briefly.


Damage to coral reefs on Tegal Island has an impact on reducing coral reef habitats, so monitoring needs to be done. Monitoring is done by analyzing the extent and changes by utilizing remote sensing technology to map the existing conditions. The data used are Landsat imagery in 1998, 2008, 2015 and 2018. Digital image processing is done starting from image correction, lyzenga algorithm calculation, image interpretation and field validation, and accuracy testing of coral reef habitats using a confusion matrix. The results showed that there was a change in the area of coral reefs from 1998 to 2018. The coral reef class experienced a reduction of 11.22 ha. Coral classes that changed into sand classes were 9.13 ha (29.49%) and seagrasses were 4.38 ha (14.15%). The class of sand that turned into coral reefs was 2.08 ha (13.52%) and seagrass classes that turned into coral reefs were 0.21 ha (0.25%). The biggest change is the change in the coral reef to sand covering an area of 9.13 ha (29.49%), while the smallest change is the change in seagrass into a coral reef covering an area of 0.21 ha (0.25%). In the other classes, the biggest change in area was seagrass change into sand covering an area of 5.76 ha (6.96%), while the smallest change was the change in the sand to seagrass covering an area of 2.67 ha (17.35%).


Dementia is, probably, one of the most fearful diseases for aging and worse-managed from the clinical point of view, which aggravates still more its prognosis, not only for the patient but also for the society in which he or she lives. 250 patients suffering from no curable senile dementia (vascular, degenerative or mixed etiology), received daily ozone by rectal application (20 sessions) in doses according to the enzymatic status of each patient. They were evaluated by clinical examination, psychometric tests, Hachinsky scale, Katz index, Hamilton test and Minimental test, at the beginning and the end of the treatment. An important improvement was attained in the medical (75 %) and mental conditions (75 %), and in the daily life activities (76 %), for all kind of dementia, with an enhancement in the vascular dementia. No side effects was observed. This therapy is recommended in the treatment of no curable senile dementia.


Because of increasing environmental demands, especially on dealing with products end of life phase, product manufacturers and designers must consider the future disposal of their products. For conventional materials like steel and aluminium well-functioning recycling methods exists. This is not the case for structures of polymer composites, which are used more extensively, especially for structures like vehicles and vessels. Several techniques do exist but they are not yet commercially available. The current disposal methods of polymer composites are landfill and incineration.
Polymer composites are materials, which consist of several materials like fibre, matrix, and additives. This circumstance complicates the waste treatment of composite materials. Therefore, it is necessary to develop adequate waste treatment techniques for polymer composites including sandwich structures. Recommendations for waste treatment have been formed for a number of polymer composites. These recommendations are based on the analysis of costs and environmental effects and they compare different scenarios for mechanical material recycling and energy recovery by waste incineration. Recycling of the polymer materials largely depends on the type of polymer matrix. Incineration is one of the methods for waste treatment of polymer composite materials, because it can be used for energy recovery. However, waste incineration will always result in a additional cost for the waste producer.
Many investigations have pointed out recycling of polymer composite materials as the best alternative considering environmental effects. Since recycling of polymer composites is a complicated process, especially recycling thermoset composite it is important to acquire comprehensive information about the constituents of these materials.


where IMP = imports, EXP = exports, Y= income, ER = exchange rate, and P = prices. The Keynesian (income) approach to the balance of payments uses income, which is represented primarily by gross domestic product, as the major explanatory variable to explain import and export development, in conjunction with a variable expressing product price competitiveness; the import equation expresses price competitiveness as a ratio of the domestic price index to the import price index;' the export equation uses the real effective exchange


The usability group at RISE Research Institute of Sweden primarily perform usability evaluations for their clients. Usability evaluations are performed on launched products as well as early prototy ...


High strength 7xxx series Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys are widely used in the aerospace Industry due to their high strength to weight ratios. The high yield strength of alloys such as AA7075 or AA7074 is achieved through precipitation hardening, the highest of which can be in excess of 600MPa and are achieved through the addition of Cu. There is however a medium strength group of alloys in the 7xxx series which are characterised by their low copper levels maintained below 0.3wt% in order to prevent liquation cracking and hence allow them to be welded.
These medium strength Al-Zn-Mg(-Cu) alloys are mostly found in light weight armoured vehicles due to their weldability, low density and good ballistic performance. There is however very little published on the corrosion characteristics of these alloys and the little that exists is confined to studies of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and weld fatigue. This work will attempt to understand the general corrosion characteristics of this alloy under free corrosion conditions and to establish in the literature the microstructure, particularly with regard the nature of the coarse intermetallics.


This study aims to examine the justice toward women in Islamic inheritance system with a historical-sociological approach. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research as an effort to understand the concepts found in a research process, using content analysis techniques and library research. From this research, it is found that according to the sociological-historical approach, the inheritance of women in Islam is not initially regulated and only applies based on customs. In pre-Islamic times, women did not have inheritance rights, even as inheritance for their closest men. that the revelation of the verse regarding Islamic inheritance did not just appear, but as a response to traditions and problems in pre-Islamic Arab society. The provision for the distribution of inheritance 2:1 is not a courtesy and universal provision. This provision cannot justify that the text is clear. The right or wrong of this provision must be measured to what extent it reflects the value of justice and equality as muhkam and universal principle. The inheritance verse makes the Arab community aware that women are not objects of inheritance; but, instead inheritance subjects like men who have the right to inherit and be inherited. So that the verse about inheritance in Q.S. An Nisa (4): 11-12, this is an effort to improve the position of women in society by adjusting the sosial conditions of society according to the era so that the distribution of inheritance 2:1 is not justice, if, it is synchronized with the current sosial phenomena.


This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and the maladaptive behavior of the youth and examined the moderating effects of father attachment and mother attachment in the relationship of self-esteem and maladaptive behavior. Utilizing SPSS win18.0 program for data analysis, after carrying out descriptive statistics analysis and a simple correlation analysis, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the interaction model, the primary purpose of this study. The results of this study are as follows. First, the relationship of both self-esteem and maladaptive behaviors of adolescents was significant in the negative direction. Second, father attachment showed no moderation effect in the relationship between self-esteem and maladaptive behavior of adolescents. Third, mother attachment played a quantitative moderating role in the relationship of self-esteem and maladaptive behaviors of adolescents. This study suggested the implication to reduce youth maladaptive behavior in the base of these results.


The presentation of the normal mature human EEG and its basic features has a dual purpose. These are to promote knowledge of the boundaries befween normality and abnormality in clinical EEG work and to enhance the understanding of the EEG as a phenomenon with important psychophysiological implications. Both purposes are evident in Berger's pioneering work, from the first report with its strong emphasis on psychophysiology and the discovery of the alpha rhythm (Berger, 1929) to his fourteenth report (Berger, 1938) of predominantly clinical interest. The question of how the EEG works remains to be answered by the experimental neurophysiologist. The nature of thenorrnal EEG, how itreflects humanbehaviorandmental functions, and the boundaries of normality are most legitimate guidelines for a chapter on the normal adult EEG.


Spectral measurements have been made on scattered radiation in a perspex phantom in various depths from a kilocurie 60Co unit and a 6 MeV linear accelerator using a NaI crystal spectrometer. The measurements are compared to Monte Carlo calculations and a good agreement is obtained. The measured total photon distributions make the basis for calculations of absorbed dose and track length distributions in LET and their average values for the different depths and fields.


I have received a number of requests for more information about IFIP activities that might be related to the interests of the HCI community. To help present a picture of some of what is going on within IFIP, I asked Gordon Davis from the University of Minnesota to provide me with a brief description of the activities of the Technical committee that he chairs. I think that his picture of the activities and history of TC8 will be of interest to many in the SIGCHI community. I want to thank Gordon and Jack Rosenfeld (Editor of the IFIP Newsletter) for providing me with this information.