Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a result of urogenital aging. Recent studies suggest that an age‐related impairment of the blood supply to the lower urinary tract plays a role in the development of BPH and thus may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of BPH. The canine prostate is a model for understanding abnormal growth of the human prostate gland. We studied the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) in dogs to modify prostate blood flow and evaluated its effect on BPH.


This article shows as a strategic approach in a company on watch projects the organization based on the client. Identify the areas you criticize so that by means of the elements: moments really, cycle and triangle of the service the interrelations necessary are generated to design strategies that entail to reach the awaited results.


The reduction of the duration of running-in is most strongly influenced by the speed-power and technological factors. It was experimentally established that at specific loads of 0.15 – 3 MPa and tribopair velocities of 6 – 40 m/min (0.1 - 0.66 m/sec) and methods of surface hardening and surface hardening, nitrocementation and ion-plasma thermocyclic nitriding, a combination of speed, power and technological factors can reduce the running-in process by 1.5 - 2 times.A mathematical model has been developed that combines the components of these factors for the running-in process in relation to the reduction of the latter.The stand for experimental research of the tribotechnical system, which consists of an automatic gearbox with a magnetic brake, a power supply, a control panel and a PC, has been upgraded. The firmware is written in the Python programming language.For further research in the chosen direction, the application of wear-resistant coatings with a thickness of 3 … 10 μm by PVD methods containing nitrides and carbides is promising.


We report the physical properties of Co 2 CrAl Heusler alloy epitaxial thin films grown on single crystalline MgO(001) substrate using pulsed laser deposition technique. The x-ray diffraction pattern in θ -2 θ mode showed the film growth in single phase B2-type ordered cubic structure with the presence of (002) and (004) peaks, and the film oriented along the MgO(001) direction. The φ scan along the (220) plane confirms the four-fold symmetry and the epitaxial growth relation found to be Co 2 CrAl(001)[100] || MgO(001)[110]. The thickness of about 12 nm is extracted through the analysis of x-ray reflectivity data. The isothermal magnetization (M–H) curves confirm the ferromagnetic (FM) nature of the thin film having significant hysteresis at 5 and 300 K. From the in-plane M–H curves, the saturation magnetization values are determined to be 2.1 µ B /f.u. at 5 K and 1.6 µ B /f.u. at 300 K, which suggests the soft FM behavior in the film having the coercive field ≈ 522 Oe at 5 K. The thermo-magnetization measurements at 500 Oe magnetic field show the bifurcation between field-cooled and zero-field-cooled curves below about 100 K. The normalized field-cooled magnetization curve follows the T 2 dependency, and the analysis reveal the Curie temperature around 335 ± 11 K. Moreover, the low-temperature resistivity indicates semiconducting behavior with the temperature, and we find a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity (5.2 × 10 − 4 /K).


As a traditional agricultural area,Dezhou municipality faces with many contradictions and problems such as serious drain of labor force,lack of and wasting of farmland,restriction of agricultural production and operation by information transmission condition and out of proportion in input and output in the production of the farmers'households under the big background of new countryside construction.In order to make clear of the production and operation situation of the farmers'households in the traditional agricultural area in Dezhou municipality and guide the farmers of the traditional agricultural area to produce and operate correctly and promote the construction of new countryside.We made a survey and investigation in Dezhou municipality's rural areas with the methods of distributing questionnaires,on-the-spot visiting and investigating and contrastive description.We made an analysis on the factors restricting the development of the agriculture,the land circulation and farmland non-food conversion in Dezhou municipality.The results show that the labor forces of Dezhou municipality are transferring from countryside to city,the agriculture,industry and service are out of phase,and the out of proportion of the input and output leads to the decrease of the farmer production enthusiasm.The government should increase the input to agriculture.


This paper describes a new biosensor to detect an enzyme reaction in liquid using surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices fabricated on 36°-rotated Y-cut, X-propagating LiTaO3. The sensing wave on the substrate is a predominantly shear-horizontal-mode SAW (SH-SAW) and is affected by a strong acoustoelectric interaction between the piezoelectric potential and electrical properties of the materials in the adjacent liquid. As an example of an electrical property, pH change associated with an enzyme reaction leads to measurable perturbation in the wave-propagation characteristic. Taking advantage of this phenomenon we realized a SAW biosensor which consists of an immobilized urease membrane on the surface. Also, highly sensitive detection for the urea solution was obtained in our preliminary experiments.


Problem definition: A large proportion of the world's population has no access to electricity and so relies on noxious kerosene for their lighting needs. Solar-based solutions require a large up-front investment and are often unaffordable in this market owing to consumers' tight liquidity constraints. As an alternative, there are business models relying on rechargeable light bulbs that are sold at a subsidized price (which renders them affordable) and require regular micropayments for recharges (which eases liquidity constraints). These bulbs provide a cheaper and healthier light source than kerosene, yet their adoption is lower than expected, and some consumers continue to use kerosene. This paper explores the potential drivers of such preferences and proposes strategies to alter them. Academic/practical relevance: Unlike most of the existing operations management literature, which focuses on the problems in developed economies, our paper studies a problem specific to the poor population. Our novel model...


Single crystals of the title compound are prepared for the first time by annealing a mixture of Li2O, NaO0.5, and α-Rh2O3 (Li:Na:Rh = 1.15:2.18:1, Pd-cylinder, 950 °C, 18 d).


A method of assembling a multi-walled carbon-nanotube field effect transistor (CNT-FET) was presented in this paper. A nanorobotic manipulation system with 11 positioning degrees of freedom (DOFs) was used for the real time nanomanipulation. The nanorobotic manipulation system was constructed inside the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) specimen chamber to pick up a single MWCNT from MWCNT bulk without any other bounding except van der Waals force and assemble a CNT-FET with three AFM cantilevers, which were applied as gate, drain, source of CNT-FET respectively. An AFM cantilever (Olympus, OMCL-TR400PB-1) was etched to a gate electrode with a width of 2.00 μm and a length of 8.30 μm by a focused ion beam (FIB) process. A single multi-walled carbon-nanotube field (MWCNT), 51 nm in diameter, was used as conductive channel to accomplish the transport process of charge carriers between Source and Drain. Finally, a novel structure of CNT-FET was constructed in our experiments.


Hemoderivative materials are used to treat different diseases. These derivatives include platelet‐rich plasma, serum, platelet gel, and platelet lysate (PL). Among them, PL contains more growth factors than the others and its production is inexpensive and easy. PL is one of the proper sources of platelet release factors. It is used in cells growth and proliferation and is a good alternative to fetal bovine serum. In recent years, the clinical use of PL has gained more appeal by scientists. PL is a solution saturated by growth factors, proteins, cytokines, and chemokines and is administered to treat different diseases such as wound healing, bone regeneration, alopecia, oral mucositis, radicular pain, osteoarthritis, and ocular diseases. In addition, it can be used in cell culture for cell therapy and tissue transplantation purposes. Platelet‐derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, insulin‐like growth factor, transforming growth factor β, and vascular endothelial growth factor are key PL growth factors playing a major role in cell proliferation, wound healing, and angiogenesis. In this paper, we scrutinized recent advances in using PL and PL‐derived growth factors to treat diseases and in regenerative medicine, and the ability to replace PL with other hemoderivative materials.


An analysis that intersects the work of Borges with legal affairs is offered. This approach puts two first themes of crossroads; on the idea of law in Borges and, through the metaphor of the maps, about the legal dogmatic. Since this approach it then diverges to problems related to survival and gradual depletion of categories and concepts in legal science and the accumulation of waste, trash or any other refuse material or outdated old laws, considering the environmental response of Luhmann, and the current lack of subsequent legislative processes of purification, absorption, recycling, and hygienic treatment.


This study aims to describe: The types of tests in the final exams of the first semester, the quality of the tests, and the reasons why teachers do not carry out this test analysis. The sample of this study was students majoring in Arabic using purposive sampling using the percentage formula for validity, Cronbach Alpha for reliability, difficulty formula, and differentiation formula. The results of this study were: (1) the forms of the tests were achievement tests (learning objectives), teacher-made tests (writers), summative tests (test time), written tests (implementation), and subjective tests (how-to scores according to point of view. (2) The quality of a test is: (a) The validity of the test is good because it fulfills content validity, although the test items in the first-semester test are based on language structure 41.67% and vocabulary aspects 25% and reading skills 33.35 (b) Reliability of the test was higher at 5.87 (c) The level of difficulty of the very easy test is 0.57%. (d) The differential power test is not good enough by 0.52%. (3) The reason the teacher does not carry out an analytical test is (a) Lack of understanding of problem analysis, (b) They did not experiment in carrying out analytical tests, (c) They did not understand the ins and outs of revaluation, (d) They did not understand problem analysis and, (e) There were teachers who had not received training or seminars in the field of evaluation and analysis.


Epithelial Protein Lost in Neoplasm (EPLIN) is a cytoskeletal associated protein implicated in regulating actin dynamoics and cellular motility and whose expression is frequently downregulated in a number of human cancers. The current study examined the expression levels of EPLIN-α in a pulmonary cancer cohort and its association with clinical pathological factors using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, EPLIN-α was over-expressed in the SKMES-1 pulmonary cancer cell line through transfection with a plasmid containing the expression sequence for EPLIN-α. The role of EPLIN-α was subsequently examined using a variety of in vitro functional assays. Decreased levels of EPLIN-α were seen in cancerous tissues compared to normal background tissue. Lower levels of EPLIN-α were also associated with higher TNM stage and nodal involvement. In vitro over-expression of EPLIN-α inhibited SKMES-1 growth rates (p = 0.05 vs. plasmid control) and motility (p = 0.002 vs. plasmid control), though did not have any significant effects on cell-matrix adhesion or cell invasion. Taken together, the current study indicates that lower levels of EPLIN-α may be associated with poorer prognosis and more advanced pulmonary cancer, where this molecule appears to play a suppressive role on cell growth and migration.


For decades, theta rhythms (5–10 Hz) have been thought to play a critical role in memory processing in the entorhinal– hippocampal network. However, recent evidence suggests that successful memory performance also requires coupling of 30–100 Hz gamma rhythms to particular phases of the theta cycle. Recent insights imply ways in which theta–gamma coupling may facilitate transfer of information throughout the entorhinal–hippocampal network. Activating gamma-modulated cell assemblies at a particular theta phase may allow the network to produce a more powerful output by ensuring that distributed cells fire closely in time. I hypothesize that such a mechanism would serve to facilitate either memory encoding or memory retrieval, depending on which type of gamma rhythms are recruited. Introduction Theta rhythms occur prominently in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex during active behaviors [1] and play a key role in memory processing [2,3]. Within each hippocampal theta cycle, bursts of gamma oscillations emerge [4,5], raising the possibility that such theta– gamma interactions are a critical component of mnemonic operations. Theta-nested gamma oscillations may allow the hippocampal–entorhinal network to temporally organize sequences of events within each theta cycle [6,7,8 ,9]. Interactions between theta and gamma oscillations can be assessed by measuring theta–gamma 'coupling'. The most commonly studied form of theta–gamma coupling is theta phase–gamma amplitude coupling, which is defined as a reliable emergence of gamma oscillations at a particular phase of the underlying theta rhythms. Such coupling could arise because gamma-generating circuitry gets activated at a particular theta phase or because interneurons that fire at a particular theta phase disrupt mechanisms of gamma generation. Here I review recent studies that indicate that coupling between theta and gamma oscillations plays an important role in functions of the entorhinal–hippocampal network. I will first describe recent studies suggesting that theta– gamma coupling enhances memory processing. I will then discuss recent results that shed light on the question of how theta–gamma coupling arises. Finally, I will present possible ways in which theta–gamma coupling may promote effective memory processing in the entorhinal– hippocampal network. Theta–gamma coupling and memory operations in the entorhinal–hippocampal network A relatively early study investigating the link between hippocampal theta–gamma coupling and memory performance was performed in humans implanted with depth electrodes for treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy [10]. In a word recognition paradigm, coupling between theta phase and 45 Hz gamma power was selectively enhanced when patients successfully remembered previously presented words. This finding suggested that …


It is a frequent boast of politicians that the 'reformed' National Health Service is treating more patients in fewer beds. This increase in patient throughput attracted the interest of BBC 1's Here and Now team. How can these figures be explained, they wanted to know, and what are the knock-on effects for patients and professionals?


This paper forms a theory of optimal scheme of casting concrete into the bearing arch based on analysis of relationship between age of concrete and behavior n mechanics of composite material of concrete-filled steel tubes, which sets an aim at minimizing energy of the composite bearing arc generated by moments to make the arch axis approach the pressure line.


Objective To investigate the factors influencing hemolytic activity of venom from the jellyfish Cyanea capillata.Methods The HU50 of Cyanea capillata full venom(CFV) was obtained by dose-response curve of hemolytic activity,then some factors such as pH,temperature,time and different animals erythrocytes were given to observe the hemolytic activity changes of CFV.Results The HU50 of CFV against SD rat erythrocytes was 5.82 μg·mL-1.CFV had maximum hemolytic activity at the pH 8.0 and the hemolytic ratio was 0.93.Hemolytic activity was temperature-sensitive and reduced sharply when CFV was pre-incubated at temperature over 40 ℃.With the passage of time,the hemolytic activity of CFV reduced in 25 ℃ and 37 ℃.Hemolytic activity displayed obvious changes with different animal erythrocytes and CFV had maximum hemolytic activity to the dog erythrocytes.Conclusion CFV displayed remarkable hemolytic activity in erythrocytes.


The present paper brings together for inter-comparison the results of two previously reported acoustical studies of vocal pitch in the speech of children. In one of these investigations Fairbanks, Wiley, and Lassman (3) employed two groups of boys at ages seven and eight chronological years. In the other investigation Fairbanks, Herbert, and Hammond (2) were concerned with comparable female subjects. While both studies focused primarily on age comparisons, their design permitted combination of the data for four-group statistical analysis bearing on sex as well as age differences. The following summary of the basic investigations is presented as background.


This paper describes tests which aim at improving an asphalt mix design, which has already once been optimized according to the Marshall criteria, by means of a Gyratory Compactor as well as performance based on NAT (Nottingham Asphalt Test) testing. Moreover, the Gyratory Compactor is rated as compacting method as compared to Marshall compacting and in situ compacting methods. The optimization of recipes is in this context carried out by means of Gyratory compacting of pre-set variations of a GAB-S (as base course asphalt mix) recipe. The compacting has been performed according to SHRP specifications. To assess the properties of the asphalt the stiffness ratio and permanent deformation are measured by a dynamic creep test. The rating of the Gyratory Compacting compared to the Marshall compacting and in-situ compacting methods is carried out by examining plane sections of cores which have been compacted according to all three methods. The results show that it is possible to obtain a better correlation between density and creep rate for cores compacted by the Gyratory Compactor than is the case for cores compacted according to the Marshall method. The peak density attainable does not necessarily appear to provide maximum stiffness ratio. The plane section shows that the Gyratory Compacting is comparable to in-situ compacting. This is not the case for the Marshall ramming method. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 885061.


The non-invasive depth-resolved imaging of pictorial layers in paintings by means of linear optical techniques represents a challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). The presence of opaque and/or highly-scattering materials may obstruct the penetration of the radiation probe, thus impeding the visualization of the stratigraphy of paintings. Nonlinear Optical Microscopy (NLOM), which makes use of tightly-focused femtosecond pulsed lasers as illumination sources, is an emerging technique for the analysis of painted objects enabling micrometric three-dimensional (3D) resolution with good penetration capability in semi-transparent materials. In this work, we evaluated the potential of NLOM, specifically in the modality of Multi-Photon Excitation Fluorescence (MPEF), to probe the stratigraphy of egg-tempera mock-up paintings. A multi-analytical non-invasive approach, involving ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy, Vis-NIR photoluminescence, and Laser Induced Fluorescence, yielded key-information for the characterization of the constituting materials and for the interpretation of the nonlinear results. Furthermore, the use of three nonlinear optical systems allowed evaluation of the response of the analyzed paints to different excitation wavelengths and photon doses, which proved useful for the definition of the most suitable measurement conditions. The micrometric thickness of the paint layers, which was not measurable by means of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), was instead assessed by MPEF, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of this nonlinear modality in probing highly-scattering media, while ensuring the minimal photochemical disturbance to the examined materials.


This paper starts from the development journey and the current problems of small town,and studies the opportunities and challenges that urban-rural integration has brought.Against the background of urban-rural integration,this paper puts forward some measures with planning as guide,economy as foundation,system as safeguard,to make small town play a positive role of a carrier and promote the healthy growth of urbanization.


The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) is a high throughput Fabry-Perot facility developed specifically to detect and explore the warm, ionized component of the interstellar medium at high spectral resolution. It began operating at Kitt Peak, Arizona in 1997 and has recently completed the WHAM Northern Sky Survey (WHAM-NSS), providing the first global view of the distribution and kinematics of the warm, diffuse H II in the Milky Way. This H-alpha survey reveals a complex spatial and kinematic structure in the warm ionized medium and provides a foundation for studies of the temperature and ionization state of the gas, the spectrum and strength of the ionizing radiation, and its relationship to other components of the interstellar medium and sources of ionization and heating within the Galactic disk and halo. More information about WHAM and the Survey can be found at this http URL


New Zealand was the first self-ruling country in the world to grant women's franchise. This was achieved largely by an enormous petition signed by approximately a quarter of New Zealand's female population in 1893. This paper deals with the documentation and treatment of the Women's Suffrage Petition of 1893 and the problems and issues faced in the process.


This paper reviews the most common approach to the proof of Szemerédi's regularity lemma, as presented by R. Diestel [1]. 1 We only consider simple graphs in this paper. A graph G = (V,E) is a relational structure with the non-empty vertex set V and the edge set E ⊆ V . |G| is the order or the number of vertices in G. ‖G‖ is the total number of edges in G. For disjoint vertex sets C and D, ‖C,D‖ is the number of edges between C and D. A partition P = {V1, V2, · · · , Vk} of V is the set of nonempty subsets in V such that ⋃ i Vi = V , and Vi ∩ Vj = ∅ for all i 6= j. Any partition P ′ of V is a refinement of P if every element of P ′ is a subset of some element of P. 2 Szemerédi's regularity lemma is an immensely powerful tool in extremal graph theory. Endre Szemerédi introduced the weaker version of the lemma to prove the Erdös-Turán conjecture (1936) that any sequence of natural numbers with positive density contains a (long) arithmetic progression. He proved the full lemma in his later paper (1978). Roughly speaking, regularity lemma states that the vertex set of any (large) graph can be divided into subsets of equal size such that edges between the subsets are distributed randomly; we expect to find an edge connecting two such subsets with some probabilty p, just as in a randomly generated graph. The lemma thereby lets us apply some well-known properties of the random graph to all classes of graph. In order to precisely state the regularity lemma, we require the following definitions. For two disjoint sets of vertices, C and D, define d(C,D) := ‖C,D‖ |C||D| as the density of (C,D). The notion of regularity extends from here. For some > 0, a pair of sets (C,D) is -regular if for all subsets X ⊆ C and Y ⊆ D with |X| > |C|, |Y | > |D|, we have |d(C,D)− d(X,Y )| 6 A partition P = {V0, V1, · · · , Vk} of V is -regular if the following holds: (1) |V0| < |V | (2) |V1| = |V2| = · · · = |Vk| (3) All but at most k pairs (Vi, Vj), 1 ≤ i < j ≤ k, are -regular. 1


State of the practice in navigation toward and around small celestial bodies heavily relies on ground support and human skill, in particular for perception-based operations such as optical navigation and mapping. This leads to longer and more complex mission operations and subsequently higher cost. Furthermore, it imposes limitations for certain missions such as fast fly-bys or multi-agent operations. In this work, we present an autonomous navigation strategy for approaching unexplored small bodies. During the approach, we estimate the body's physical properties as well as the spacecraft relative trajectory and associated uncertainties. This strategy, which is solely based on optical measurements, begins as soon as the body becomes resolved in the navigation camera and terminates at the start of proximity operations, when the spacecraft makes its first trajectory correction to stay in the vicinity of the body. Our multi-phased approach uses light curve analysis for estimating the body's rotation rate, Shape-from-Silhouette techniques to reconstruct its 3D shape and estimate its rotation pole, and feature tracking tailored to small-body images for estimating relative navigation parameters. We used the Mission Analysis, Operations, and Navigation Toolkit Environment (MONTE), developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and synthetic images to evaluate the feasibility and performance of the algorithms. As a case study, we reproduce the approach phase of the Rosetta mission. This work is based on the assumption that the spacecraft attitude is known, the body rotates about its principal axis of inertia and a-priori estimates of ephemerides and body size are available. Preliminary results show orbit determination performance on par with ground-based navigation from the Rosetta mission; albeit a bias in spacecraft position estimate is observed. This systematic error is likely due to the correlation between surface feature detection and fast-changing lighting and perspective conditions.


The article addresses this question via a brief survey of the development of New Testament scholarship during the 20th century. Mainstream historical criticism is criticized for relying - more or less subconsciously- on a problematic combination of two ideas: the need to analyse the New Testament texts imaginatively in their historical, distancing context (right) and the normative status of the same texts, even as historically understood (wrong). Instead, a three-level hermeneutical approach is proposed, which combines (1) historical analysis (basic criticism) with (2) a hermeneutically self-conscious analysis (higher criticism) that begins from some modern, methodological perspective and seeks to understand and explain the New Testament text or phenomenon from the outside through comparison with other relevant phenomena - and finally with (3) an analysis (highest criticism) based on an equally modern perpective taht seeks for answers to the normative question of how human beings may live good lives now and in the future. The article further sketches the potential fruitfulness of such a reconceived way of studying the New Testament in relation to (a) the moral and social sciences in the Academy outside theology, (b) the other theological disciplines, and (c) the church. Finally, it briefly discusses a number of fruitful approaches in recent and current Pauline scholarship that seem, though rarely explicitly, to apply the proposed three-level hermeneutical approach.


McBrearty and Brooks (2000) provide us with a very important review of the African archaeological evidence. Two core claims are offered from that review: (1) modern behavior emerges gradually, not abruptly; and (2) it emerges in Africa, not in Europe. According to both claims, McBrearty and Brooks criticize the "human revolution" model. My paper aims at showing that the second claim is not denied by any of the proponents of such a model. In fact, all of them consider modern behaviour to have emerged in Africa, not in Europe.


Electromagnetic tracking systems (EMTSs) are widely employed in medical instruments, virtual reality, game control, etc. An EMTS mainly consists of three parts:magnetic field generator connected with transmitting coils, control unit, and sensing and computing unit. In general, the transmitting coils and the induction coils of an EMTS are connected to the same control unit to determine an induced electromotive force resulted from transmitting coil. In this article, a novel EMTS is presented, whose induction coils are separated from the control unit; hence, the wireless pose tracking can be achieved. To improve the tracking speed and determine an induced electromotive force resulted from transmitting coil, the transmitting coils are simultaneously excited by nine-channel sinusoidal signals with different frequencies, instead of the switching channels in the chronological order. Thus, five-degree-of-freedom tracking of the miniature induction coil is implemented. The experimental results show that the average position and the orientation errors are less than 2.3 mm and 0.2°, respectively, which indicates that the proposed EMTS has potential prospects for both medical and industrial applications, especially for the magnetically controlled capsule robot.


Guyon (Guyon J. Limit theorems for bifurcating Markov chains. Application to the detection of cellular aging. Ann Appl Probab, 2007, 17: 1538-1569) introduced an important model for homogeneous bifurcating Markov chains indexed by a binary tree taking values in general state space and studied their limit theorems. The results were applied to detect cellular aging. In this paper, we define a discrete form of nonhomogeneous bifurcating Markov chains indexed by a binary tree and discuss the equivalent properties for them. The strong law of large numbers and the entropy ergodic theorem are studied for these Markov chains with finite state space. In contrast to previous work, we use a new approach to prove the main results of this paper.


New approach to identify different lifetime stages of rolling element bearings, to improve early bearing fault detection, is presented. We extract characteristic features from vibration signals generated by rolling element bearings. This data is first pre-labelled with an unsupervised clustering method. Then, supervised methods are used to improve the labelling. Moreover, we assess feature importance with each classifier. From the practical point of view, the classifiers are compared on how early emergence of a bearing fault is being suggested. The results show that all of the classifiers are usable for bearing fault detection and the importance of the features was consistent.


We describe the introduction of innovative methods of teaching and assessment into a second level " Information Systems " module. The motivation for these changes was to introduce students to some ideas, processes, and concepts that many of them will meet when they enter employment in the IT industry, and the skills that they will require in consequence. This is an area of student development that is often ignored in more traditional " academic " teaching, but is one that is becoming more and more important to graduate employers and hence the students themselves. These issues are often compartmentalised in the curriculum; we present an approach whereby they can be integrated. The process of introducing changes to address these skills is considered, and the experience is evaluated using feedback and comments from staff and students. The module concerned is entitled " Commercial Systems Development ". The stated aim is to acquaint the students with the process of, and problems in, developing computer-based information systems in the " real world ". Traditionally, the module has followed the pattern of most other modules in the School of Computer Studies at Leeds; a series of twenty lectures is assessed by a small amount of coursework and a formal written examination. Approximately half the lectures were replaced with participative classes using elements of problem-based learning. The cornerstone of this change was an attempt to remove the traditional teacher-student relationship. Rather, the focus is on encouraging the students to apply their learning from the first half of their degree and to bring their skills to practical " real world " problems. Examples of the exercises used are costing and tendering, recruitment, and localisation issues. Coursework has been introduced that attempts to mirror the stages that the students may encounter in the IT industry. The students were involved in practical sales, marketing, and recruitment as well as software development activities, and were asked to prepare a " professional " demonstration of their projects. The most important evaluation of any changes in the structure, presentation, or assessment of a module comes from the students themselves. We will present a summary of the opinions of the students on both the change in assessment and on the change in presentation. The majority of the students are enthusiastic for both changes, but there remain some dissenting voices. We believe, however, that our approach to the teaching of information systems is …


In Helm and Miller (2003, Section 8), the authors posed the problem of which faces of a saturated affine semigroup Q correspond to prime ideals associated to the local cohomology module where ω R is the canonical module of the semigroup ring R = 𝕜[Q], 𝕜 a field, and I is a monomial ideal in R. In this article we will give a solution in the case that Q is simplicial. We will also consider a similar problem for attached primes of the local cohomology module where M is a squarefree module (in sense of Definition 2.7) and 𝔪 is the homogeneous maximal ideal of R. As a result, we will show that for a squarefree monomial ideal I in a normal simplicial semigroup ring R and each integer i ≥ 0, we have where d = dim R.


The rise of sports dance in China is still short, but it has a strong influence, and it has gradually become the first choice for mass fitness. The value of sports dance is gradually integrated with the field of education. The article cuts in from the perspective of the use of the competition method in college sports dances, starting from the application advantages of the competition method, clarifying the specific application practice strategy, starting from the teaching objectives, teaching methods and teaching evaluation and other angles, and proposing specific feasible strategies and suggestions. Finally, the application of the competition method is used to test the application effect of the method in the sports dance course, which provides ideas for the innovation of college sports dance course.


[Purpose] To investigate the efficacy, quality of life and adverse effects of lentinas combined with FOLFOX4 regimen for advanced stomach cancer. [Methods] Sixty-eight patients with advanced stomach cancer were divided into two groups randomly. The patients received lenti- nas combined with FOLFOX4 regimen in test group (n=34), FOLFOX4 regimen alone in control group (n=34). The efficacy was evaluated after 2 cycles. [Results] There were none of CR and 21 of PR in test group, with response rate 61.7%. In control group, there were none of CR and 11 of PR, with response rate 32.4%. Response rate was significantly different between the two groups (P=0.0288). The Karnofsky score in test group was superior to that in control group(P=0.0149). The toxicity of blood and digestive tract in test group were milder than that in control group with significant difference. [Conclusion] Lentinas combined with FOLFOX4 treatment for advanced stomach cancer can improve therapeutic efficacy and increace quality of life.


Purpose
Academics and practitioners have long acknowledged the potential of multiagent systems (MAS) to automate and autonomize decision-making in logistics and supply chain networks. Despite the manifold promises of MAS, industry adoption is lagging behind, and the exact benefits of these systems remain unclear. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing 11 specific MAS use cases, highlighting their benefits, clarifying how they can help enhance logistics network resilience and identifying existing barriers.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-stage Delphi study was conducted with 18 industry experts. In the first round, these experts identified 11 use cases of MAS and their potential benefits, as well as any barriers that could hinder their adoption. In the second round, they assessed the identified use cases with regard to their potential to enhance logistics network resilience and improve organizational productivity. Furthermore, they estimated the complexity of MAS implementation. In the third round, the experts reassessed their evaluations in light of the evaluations of the other study participants.

Findings
This study proposes 11 specific MAS use cases and illustrates their potential for increasing logistics network resilience and enhancing organizational performance due to autonomous decision-making in informational processes. Furthermore, this study discusses important barriers for MAS, such as lack of standardization, insufficient technological maturity, soaring costs, complex change management and a lack of existing use cases. From a theoretical perspective, it is shown how MAS can contribute to resilience research in supply chain management.

Practical implications
The identification and assessment of diverse MAS use cases informs managers about the potential of this technology and the barriers that need to be overcome.

Originality/value
This study fills a gap in the literature by providing a thorough and up-to-date assessment of the potential of MAS for logistics and supply chain management. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relevance of MAS for logistics network resilience using the Delphi method.


The invention relates to an anode material for a lithium ion accumulator and a double-alloyage preparation process. The synthetic process comprises: according to Li[Ni (0.72-E) Co (0.16-E) Mn (0.12-E) R3E]O2, R represents rare-earth elements La, Ce, Y and Nd; and E is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.03. Raw materials are mixed, are pre-sintered at a temperature of 460 DEG C, are sintered for 23 hours at high temperature of 960 DEG C and are cooled to room temperature in a furnace to obtain Li[Ni (0.72-E) Co (0.16-E) Mn (0.12-E) R3E]O2 with a serial number A1. Li[Ni0.45-XMn0.40-yCo0.15-XAl2XSiy]O2 is synthesized at a temperature of between 740 and 780 DEG C and has a serial number A2; Al(OH)3, A1 and A2 are evenly mixed according to proportion, are sintered for 2 to 8 hours at a temperature of between 400 and 600 DEG C and are cooled to room temperature to obtain the good anode material. The material has higher thermal stability, circulating stability, rate performance and specific capacity than the similar anode material for the lithium ion accumulator.


The utility model discloses an air conditioner with shock absorption and noise reduction functions. The air conditioner comprises a casing, wherein an air condition compressor is mounted in the casing and fixedly connected with a bottom plate of the casing through a shock-absorbing seat; and noise reduction plates used for reducing noise in the casing are fixedly connected onto the inner wall of the casing. With the adoption of the technical scheme, the air condition compressor is fixed in the casing through the shock-absorbing seat, and the noise reduction plates are fixedly connected onto the inner wall of the casing, so that the structure is reasonable; vibration generated by the air condition compressor can be effectively reduced by means of the arranged shock-absorbing seat, casing vibration caused by vibration of the air condition compressor is reduced further, and noise can be effectively reduced; and the noise reduction plates are fixed on the inner wall of the casing, can effectively absorb noise, have large noise absorption frequency ranges and can absorb both high-frequency noise and low-frequency noise, so that noise can be reduced greatly, and the noise reduction effect is good.


Assessed children's worries about the behaviors of significant people in the family with a new measure that focused on both the target of the worry and the types of behavior that worry the child. One hundred twenty-one 7- to 12-year-old children in families with and without domestic violence rated, on a 4-point scale ranging from I (not a lot) to 4 (a lot) how much they worried about 20 behaviors concerning five people in the family: mother, father, brother, sister, and self Varimax analyses provided two factors-Vulnerable and Harmful-that indicate worry about the vulnerable and harmful behavior of each family member. The measure has acceptable internal and test-retest reliability, as well as known-groups validity. Children in the domestic violence families were significantly more worried about the vulnerability of their mothers, brothers, and sisters, and they tended to worry more about the harmful behavior of their fathers than did children in the comparison group. Significant associations were found, f...


In this paper we consider a semi-linear, energy-critical, shifted wave equation on the hyperbolic space ${\mathbb H}^n$ with $3 \leq n \leq 5$:
\[
\partial_t^2 u - (\Delta_{{\mathbb H}^n} + \rho^2) u = \zeta |u|^{4/(n-2)} u, \quad (x,t)\in {\mathbb H}^n \times {\mathbb R}.
\]
Here $\zeta = \pm 1$ and $\rho = (n-1)/2$ are constants. We introduce a family of Strichartz estimates compatible with initial data in the energy space $H^{0,1} \times L^2 ({\mathbb H}^n)$ and then establish a local theory with these initial data. In addition, we prove a Morawetz-type inequality
\[
\int_{-T_-}^{T_+} \int_{{\mathbb H}^n} \frac{\rho (\cosh |x|) |u(x,t)|^{2n/(n-2)}}{\sinh |x|} d\mu(x) dt \leq n {\mathcal E},
\]
in the defocusing case $\zeta = -1$, where ${\mathcal E}$ is the energy. Moreover, if the initial data are also radial, we can prove the scattering of the corresponding solutions by combining the Morawetz-type inequality, the local theory and a pointwise estimate on radial $H^{0,1}({\mathbb H}^n)$ functions.


There is a growing international consensus on the International Financial Reporting Standards as acceptable standards for assessment of the financial health of a company across the globe. For entities that are globally active, the differences in financial reporting requirements create extra complications in terms of preparing, consolidating, auditing, and interpreting financial statements. Against this backdrop, the prime objective of the present work is to study the rationale behind introducing IFRS, comparative analysis of Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS, challenges involved in IFRS while adopting it in India, impact and consequences on financial statement due to IFRS adoption of WIPRO Ltd. It has been found from our study that there is not much deviations and fluctuations in the net income position as disclosed by financial statement of Wipro Ltd in IFRS reporting and Indian GAAP. But deviation is rather prominent when observing the total liability and equity position which is mainly because of reclassification between equity and total liability. In true generalized sense, the return on equity, return on asset, total asset turnover and net profit ration are not significantly affected by converging to IFRS but the leverage ratio shows significant change on converging with IFRS.


The recently developed method designed to perform calculations for the double electron attached (DEA) states has been applied to study potential energy curves (PECs) for the ground and excited states of the NaLi molecule. The method is based on the multireference coupled cluster scheme formulated in the Fock space (FS) formalism for the (2,0) sector. To avoid the intruder state problems, the FS approach is realised within the framework of the intermediate Hamiltonian which generates an efficient size-extensive computational scheme. The DEA calculations can be applied to the double ionised system and then they provide results describing the neutral molecule. This is particularly advantageous in the studies of the PECs for the cases when the closed-shell molecule dissociates into open-shell fragments, but its double positive ion generates closed-shell parts. We used this strategy in the current work to generate the PECs for the ground and excited states of the NaLi molecule. In all cases, we were able to compute the smooth PECs for the whole range of interatomic distances from the equilibrium to the dissociation limit. In addition, spectroscopic characteristics of various electronic states are presented.


Preface Changes in the Fourth Edition Acknowledgments About the Author 1. How Teaching Changes Lives 2. How Students Learn 3. Learning Environment 4. Lesson Planning With the Standards 5. Learner Differences 6. Assessment for Learning 7. Super Mind-Sets 8. They All Have Special Needs 9. Poverty's Influence on Kids 10. Critical Connections 11. Learning to Remember 12. Listening Secrets 13. Engagement and Motivation Strategies 14. Fine-Tuning Your Presentation 15. The Productive Nature of Using Rituals 16. Managing Students' Emotional States With Music and Energizers 17. Running Your Class Successfully 18. Ways to Create a Thriving Self References Index


The present paper studied the transformations of reserve lipids (RLs) of the species Nephelium lappaceum Linn (N. Lappaceum). The triacylglycerols (TAGs) in this species are composed of C18:1, C20:...


Talise Valangguni and Tanamodindi Village are among the areas that affected by 28 September 2018 earthquake. This fact-based on our findings about ground surface deformation, the liquefaction and normal fault surface rupture effect. We then make further observations to record the existing hazard characteristics and delineate the affected area to see the hazards configuration to geological factors. The results showed there were 5 liquefaction areas with about 0.13-1.29 km2. The liquefaction effect characteristics that we found are fracture, downlift-uplift, wavy surface, sudden stagnant water, and lateral spreading. Liquefaction sites in this area are identical in seasonal river routes and strongly influenced by lithological, hydrogeological, and earthquake. The sediment deposits are dominated by saturated sand, which can experience significant infiltration, worsening the soil strength size. As a result, this area is susceptible to liquefaction effects when strong earthquakes occur. Meanwhile, normal faults are ± 1.5 km long, oriented west-east, where the southern block has decreased between 5-30 cm. We suspect that this fault existed before the earthquake and appear on the surface after the quake, contributed by shocks and gravity. We hope that this information can be used as a reference for spatial planning for Palu City in disaster mitigation.


This article deals with issue of fluid heat sinks for power electronics. In the introduction there are listed different kinds of heat sinks depending on the complexity of heat sink structure. From this split the group of fluid heat sinks is selected. Chapter of cooling media is based on this chapter. The proposal of special liquid heat sink has been implemented from previous chapters. This heat sink is designed to create turbulent flow of fluid in cooling duct. The thermal simulations are subsequently carried out in this heat sink. Individual simulations are conducted for constant power loss. The simulation of one part of the heat sink is carried out and the whole simulation of heat sink with 3 capacity modules consisting of six IGBT transistors is conducted. Further the simulations of currently accessible fluid heat sinks WP16 and KL494 are provided. All results of simulations are shown in tables.


The utility model relates to a front drilling-resistant bracket assembly of a bumper for a heavy-type truck, comprising a beam. Side plate assemblies are connected at two ends of the beam respectively, the other ends of the two side plate assemblies are respectively connected with pulling plate assemblies; bracket assemblies, bumper front bracket assemblies, bumper lower brackets and front get-on pedal brackets are systematically arranged on the beam respectively, and get-on pedal bracket assemblies are arranged on the side plate assemblies. In the utility model, the structure is simple and artistic, the weight is light, the installation is firm, assembling and disassembling are easy, stress and deformation can be calculated by adopting CAE (computer aided engineering) technology in the design process, thus being effectively reducing the weight and processing difficulty and ensuring the rigidity and the intensity to meet using conditions and national laws and regulations for the automobiles. The front drilling-resistant bracket assembly can be in common use by adjusting the size of a lower pulling board aiming at the requirements of different chassis heights and heights of the chassis above ground, interchangeability is realized and the cost is reduced.


Inter-community forest associations play an important role in the community forestry sector in many countries, providing benefits such as political representation, technical forestry services, and production cooperation. They face challenges related to collective action, representation and legitimacy among their heterogeneous memberships. In Mexico, despite the vast research on common-property forest systems, no systematic study has been done on forest associations. This paper analyzes the role and evolution of forest associations among Mexican forest communities within the context of changing national policies in the last 50 years. First, we trace the changes in a historical perspective, complemented with field survey data from communities in the states of Durango and Michoacan. The historical overview supported by the empirical data illustrate how forest associations emerge and evolve to meet changing community objectives and challenges, often shifting from political organizations to self-production or service-oriented organizations. In addition, we discuss an apparent reversal from 'bottoms-up' to 'top-down' origins of recent associations. Second, using the data, we characterize associations in terms of the different services provided, and evaluate the impact that these services have on related measures of effectiveness, comparing members versus non-member communities in the sample. Measures include community-level indicators of market access and power, investment patterns, effectiveness in production, social capital, and forest conservation. We also look at how the services within a similar category of associations may vary according to an association's characteristics, such as its origins and its size, and how perceptions of services differ among members of the same association. The analysis provides insights into the cross-scale linkages between community institutions and higher-level institutions at the regional level, in this case, forest associations, and the impacts that policy changes have in these linkages. We conclude by discussing the challenges with which associations currently grapple and possible policy implications.


Microgreens, the young seedlings of herbs, vegetables, beans, seeds, and grains, contain four to six times the vitamins and phytochemicals found in mature leaves of the same plants. The content of vitamins and other compounds in microgreens very beneficial for your health, because it can prevent the emergence of dangerous diseases, such as cancer. Microgreens cultivation technique is very easy and can be harvested from the age of 7-14 days. The manner of presentation is also very easy because it can be consumed without cooking first. To enjoy vegetable salad microgreens can be used as a breakfast menu or any other menu. It is very precise serve as one of the menu healthy food in hotels and restaurants, especially in Yogyakarta. Keywords: Mcrogreens, healthy food, hotel and resto.


Radiant heating/cooling systems are being important and preferable due to their extensive usage area and energy saving status. Many kinds of energy generation systems can be utilized to supply energy for heating systems, such as renewable energy systems. As a result of these advantages, research over radiant heating and cooling in various sub-areas have remarkably increased in last decades, particularly with regard to obtaining the most suitable heat transfer characteristics for the use in building simulation programs, dimensioning, and designing. This study presents the heat transfer characteristics over a radiant cooled floor under the experimental conditions as of 3 different supply water temperatures of 10C, 15 C, and 20C with supply water flow rates as 0.056 and 0,125 kg/s. The experimental results are compared with relevant literature and heat transfer coefficients are recommended.


European countries use microfinance as an instrument of development cooperation in three separate forms, which differ in the financial flow. in the first type, the government transfers grant money to their non-government organizations (ngos), which then distribute the funds directly to the local microfinance institutions (MFis) (eg. Finland). in the second form, the funds are sent through to the branch-offices of the ngos located in the developed country to developing countries (eg. norway, Sweden). The third type allows for a direct relationship between a donor country development cooperation agency and a local microfinance institution in a developing country without intermediation of the developed country ngos (eg. great Britain, germany). The czech republic currently does not support microfinance by the direct/ indirect transfer of funds, but it promotes the awareness of the czech ngos and the public of microfinance as a tool for the economic development.


Ethanol catabolism is thought to produce metabolic disorders resulting in alcoholic liver disease. To investigate the mutual effects of ethanol catabolism and cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation on the activities of carboxylesterase, we have determined the enzyme activities in rat hepatic (cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal) preparations as well as in rat serum using ten animal models: normal rats (group 1), sham-operated rats (group 2), common bile duct-ligated rats (group 3), ethanol-intoxicated rats (group 4), sham-operation plus chronic ethanol-intoxicated rats (group 5), common bile duct-ligated plus chronic ethanol-intoxicated rats at 1.5h and 24h (groups 7A and 7B), and duct-ligated and acute ethanol intoxicated rats at 1.5 h and 24 h (groups 8A and 8B). The and values of carboxylesterase from these hepatic preparations of cholestatic rat liver combined with chronic ethanol intoxication were also measured by using ethyl valerate as the substrate from the 14th day post-ligation. Carboxylesterase activities of all hepatic preparations and rat serum (group 3) showed significant decreases compared to the activities from the sham-operated control (group 2). Enzyme kinetic parameters indicated that of carboxylesterase from all the hepatic preparations in cholestatic rats (group 3) decreased significantly, although the values were about the same as in the sham-operated control (group 2). When cholestasis was combined with chronic ethanol intoxication (group 6), carboxylesterase activities showed further decrease in all the hepatic preparations and serum compared to the control activity (group 5). The also decreased significantly, although values did not change. When common bile duct ligation was combined with acute ethanol intoxication (group 8), the enzyme activities in the rat liver and serum showed significant decrease compared to the activity from acute ethanol-intoxicated rats (group 7). However, quite contrary to this, the activities of serum from acute ethanol intoxication 1.5 h (group 7A) increased significantly compared to the activities in the normal control (group 1). These results, therefore, suggest that the biosynthesis of hepatic carboxyl-esterase seems to decrease when cholestasis is combined with chronic and acute ethanol intoxication, and the decrease in activity is more significant than from cholestasis alone.


This paper presents a new attainability technique based on a polyhedral approach for hybrid systems. The main aim of the proposed technique is to obtain a robust-control closed loop system with attainable behavior under all possible and allowable disturbances. Moreover, and in contrast to existed approaches, this technique considers a new switching mechanism that allows the exploration of all different sub-models of piecewise affine systems that represent the interaction between continuous and discrete parts in the hybrid systems. The proposed technique is applied to a temperature control system to examine its ability in providing a reliable attainability.


In the paper, a previously proposed black-box modelling approach is applied for the large-signal performance prediction of microwave silicon bipolar transistors. Experimental and simulation results confirming the accuracy of the model are provided. Preliminary considerations concerning parasitic de-embedding, which can improve the range of validity of the model, are also discussed.


Understanding community attitudes towards urban forests is of great importance since these attitudes are inherently linked to the long-term sustainability of urban forests management and conservation. We analysed the attitudes of the local community towards the Njiro forest (Arusha, Tanzania) which is managed and used as an experimental beekeeping area by TAWIRI (Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute). Data collection was done between September-October 2018 involving a sample of 163 randomly selected respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Quantitative data were analysed through Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS). Chi-square tests and contingency tables were used to determine whether there was a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories. Possible influences coming from sociological and demographic factors such as age, gender, education level, occupation were assessed. The majority of the respondents declared to gain ecological benefits from the forest. A significantly larger group of older respondents in comparison with the younger ones (p<0.05) declared to face problems coming from the forest (stray dogs, robbers, illegal waste disposal). Males showed to be more interested in practising beekeeping than females (p<0.05). Respondents with a primary education level were more prone to express agreement with the adopted management strategies in comparison with respondents with higher education (p<0.001). In conclusion, the great majority of respondents declared to support the conservation of Njiro forest, however, employed respondents and females were more positive regarding the hypothesis of abolishing the forest (p<0.05). In order to improve management strategies and support the long-term conservation of the forest, respondents recommended strengthening the protection of the forest by fencing it, providing environmental education to the surrounding community, reinforcing the cooperation with the local community and planting new trees to improve the health of the forest ecosystem.


INTERCULTURAL CONTACT AND THE CREATION OF ALBANY'S NEW DIPLOMATIC LANDSCAPE, 1647-1680 by Holly Anne Rine University of New Hampshire, September, 2004 This dissertation analyzes the process of Albany's rise to the center o f American Indian-European relations on the northeast coast o f North America between the years 1647-1680. By the year 1677 the Albany courthouse served as the meeting place for the negotiations that formed the Covenant Chain between the Five Nations of the Iroquois and the English colonies of North America. To reach this important development, however, took years of political, military, economic and cultural struggle. Moreover, these struggles were not merely between the Iroquois and the English who would eventually negotiate the Covenant Chain, but within them as well. Moreover, this dissertation focuses on analyzing how the actions of the Dutch and smaller Indian tribes such as the Esopus, Wappingers, and Hackensacks were imperative in establishing Albany as the center of the new diplomatic landscape of Indian and European affairs in northeast North America. In analyzing these developments this study explores how knowledge of specific lands and spaces such as woods, rivers, towns, forts and courthouses led to greater control of those places and spaces. As knowledge and control of these areas changed, new places would serve as centers of power and others


In-cell DEER (in-cell double electron electron resonance) is applied to investigate quadruplex formation of the human telomeric repeat d[AGGG(TTAGGG)(3)]. The initially unfolded DNA sequence forms a mixture of different quadruplex topologies upon injection into living cells. In addition, time-dependent distance measurements are carried out to monitor quadruplex folding.


This review covers the following research being carried out at ORNL: (1) confinement experiments such as ATF, EBT, and STX, (2) theory, (3) atomic physics, (4) shielding, (5) technology developments on superconducting magnets, pellet injection, rf plasma heating, and materials, and (6) fusion engineering design center. (MOW)


Emerging technology,with its uncertainty and creative ruin,is challenging traditional management and its management of emerging technology is becoming a new research field of management science.It is of great significance and value in the theory and practice,by the combination of common characters of emerging technology with Chinese facts,to study the strategic plans of emerging technology and their implement,market exploration,organization innovation,knowledge management,investment management and etc.,with the help of the thoughts and methods.


The invention relates to a method for Abachsen a roll of material from a roll changer of a web-processing machine, wherein the roll changer has at least two roll arms each having a stub axle on which the roll is rotatably mounted, and wherein each axle journal is assigned a stripping device, with which the roll of material in the direction of its longitudinal axis can be stripped from the axle journal. Here, the first stripping device is first pushed with a first stripping force against the roll of material then the roller arms are moved apart so far that the first side of the roll of material is stripped from the first axle journal. Thereafter, the second stripping device is pressed with a second pull-off force against the material roll and the roller arms are moved apart so far, in addition, to the second side of the roll of material is stripped from the second axle journal.


Utilizing microorganism carrying on straw pole indicate that VFA is too dense to suppress the formulation of CH4 but just one rest period, straw pole of soaking 10 days produces peak value fast. Straw pole of soaking 30 days reach peak value slowly, due to produce too much ethanol and need some time to transform acetic acid. Tame mud being fungus source, methane activation is better so as to produce cycle fast.


In order to make a more concrete evaluation of the cotton ginning sector, it is necessary to determine the structural characteristics of the factories, costs and profitability, the level of technical efficiency, and the potential for improvement in the industry. It is felt that this study enables such an evaluation by setting out the costs, profitability and efficiency of the cotton ginning industry in Turkey and other major cotton-producing countries. The results obtained from the study show that unit production costs of ginning factories are high and that they have low operating profits. In particular, it was found that ginning factories do not operate efficiently with regard to the labour force employed and the amount of capital invested. At the same time, some suggestions have been made for the improvement of ginning factories. In this regard, attention was drawn to measures to increase the capacity of ginning factories and to raise the level of technology used, and ways of getting government supports, and to the topic of education.


Through the observation and analysis of the humanism spirits in universities, we are quite anxious. There are two factors, tradition and reality, which are responsible for it . Thus, we should view the humanism spirits construction as the key issue of Chinese higher education. Here are approaches: to establish the new higher education value , to advocate the all-round higher education ways, to conduct the higher education mode of "subject penetration".


Introduction and purpose: Hip fractures are a significant cause of morbidity/mortality in the elderly. The increase of their prevalence has been related to a decrease in physical activity and malnutrition. Furthermore, malnutrition could be an significant factor leading to complications in these fractures. In spite of this, these patients rarely receive a complete nutritional assessment. Our aim in this study was to describe the subjects' nutritional status, to assess the effect of malnutrition on complications, hospital stay and mortality and to establish a protocol for nutritional intervention.

Materials and methods: We carried out a complete nutritional evaluation of 45 patients over 65 years of age with hip fracture that were hospitalized during the first quarter of 2006. All malnourished patients were treated according to our protocol, and any complications were assessed during a 3 months follow-up.

Results: On admission, 94.3% of patients suffered from malnutrition (51.4% had severe malnutrition), and 31.5% had an unfavorable clinical evolution. The most frequently reported complications were bedsores and delirium/agitation. Severely malnourished patients had a greater number of complications. A significant increase in complications was seen in patients with albumin >3 g/dL, lymphocytes < 1500 cells/ml and total cholesterol < 130 mg/dL.

Conclusions: Elderly patients with hip fractures are frequently malnourished at the moment of hospitalization, and this may adversely affect clinical results. In our opinion, it is extremely important to identify patients suffering from malnutrition or at risk of suffering from malnutrition to be able to provide them with appropriate nutritional support as early as possible.


This study examines the testamentary waqf of Aḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ghūl (1853-1919), a prominent merchant and communal leader in the cosmopolitan Red Sea port town of Massawa in Eritrea during the period of Italian colonial rule (1885-1941). We provide an annotated translation of the document and a detailed socio-legal analysis of its features. We argue that the testamentary waqf was a vehicle for ensuring the family's integration in Eritrea in perpetuity. We also consider how the testamentary waqf was used as a strategy to sustain the al-Ghūl family as a corporate unit by preserving the integrity of its real estate assets and by upholding the family's internal hierarchy of authority. Finally, by endowing properties to mosques and wells, the testator-founder sought to establish the family's role as a patron of the Muslim community.


Prologue: The Changing Paradigms in Clinical Practice. Part I: Overview Of Cross-Cultural Treatment Considerations. Views from the 1950s to the 1990s. Conceptions of Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice for the 2000s. Part II: The Beginning Phase Of The Treatment Process. Referral, Assessment, and Diagnosis. Engagement and Therapeutic Alliance. Part III: The Middle Phase Of The Treatment Process. The Treatment Relationship: Transference, Countertransference, and the Real Relationship. Resistance. Fixation, Regression, and Defense. Part IV: The End Phase Of The Treatment Process. Working Through. Termination. Epilogue.


Among the tourism customer satisfaction field of study, is emerging a new area which focuses on emotional tourism experiences' features. Emotion and satisfaction are closely related construct. The idea is to consider emotional variables when modelling consumers' satisfaction processes (Bigne et al., 2005; Bigne et al., 2008a; Liljander and Strandvik, 1997; Prayag et al., 2013). Using this idea, several researchers found that visitor's satisfaction at cultural site (Caldwell, 2002; Martin-Ruiz et al., 2010) is not merely influenced by the technical aspect of the product itself, but also by the emotional, cognitive and social values associated with it. Tourism experiences are influenced by various dimensions of emotions: for instance, Hosany et al. (2014) identify joy, love, and positive surprise as the three key dimensions of emotional experiences. Kim and Ritchie (2014) adopt dimensions such as social interaction and local culture, meaningfulness, involvement, happiness, novelty, etc., to conceptualize the construct domains of memorable tourism experiences in which emotions play an essential role. In our contribution we explore the emotions as the backbone of satisfactory tourists experience in the Rosas Mining Village, a Sardinian UNESCO geo-park, which offers mining museum attractions and tourist facilities. Our main research question investigates how emotions generated by the tourism experience of cultural site consumption positively influence visitors' satisfaction. Considering a previous study about the Rosas Mining Village (Cannas, 2015) we hypothesize that positive tourists emotions are shaped by and related to the interactions with the local community. The study methodology is based on a quantitative approach, and a survey analysis conducted by a questionnaire. The questionnaire groups three main items: 1) sociodemographic profile; 2) emotional dimensions such as joy/love/surprise; 3) social interaction and involvement with local community' dimensions. The study aims at providing empirical insights to determine emotional associations tourists attach to cultural and community-based destinations.


Djarlgarra Koolunger (Canning River kids) is a culturally centred outdoor learning project referred to as 'On Country Learning' or OCL. The project explores Aboriginal connectedness to the spiritual, social, cultural, environmental and geographic dimensions of particular outdoor spaces. This allows Indigenous and non- Indigenous students and their educators to connect at what Nakata (2007) terms the 'cultural interface'. OCL offers opportunities to transform the ways in which schools engage with Aboriginal perspectives whilst facilitating deep learning through what we describe as culturally responsive pedagogies. This paper stories the journey of Aboriginal students and their teachers, engaging in learning that is situated on Country. We examine the involvement of children when learning on Country and provide analysis using the Leuven Involvement Scales (1994). The analysis compares this group of children in a classroom context and an on Country context over a period of six months and provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy of this approach.


is widely used in adult medicine as a diagnostic aid in ascertaining the presence of malignancy or of endocrine disturbances and in studying the response of the genital tract to hormonal stimulation. Although this method of examination has been of limited use in childhood, several simple modifica tions permit the study of the urinary cy tology to be carried out in children of any age. The results obtained from examination of the urinary sediment are comparable to those derived from studies of cells obtained from the vaginal mucosa. This paper de scribes the method of preparing and exam ining cells of urinary sediment for the de termination of estrogenic stimulation. The results of such examination are presented for a group of normal children of both sexes of various ages.


Introduction. The article considers the features of the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women with drug addiction.Aim. To study the features of the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women with drug addiction using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS and SWLS Life Satisfaction Scales.Materials and methods. The study included 156 pregnant women, including 96 women with drug addiction (main group). The control group included 60 pregnant women.Results. A higher frequency of subclinically expressed anxiety and depression in pregnant women with drug addiction 62.5% (60 women) compared with women of the control group 8.3% (5 women). Life satisfaction in women the main group was at a low level, namely almost dissatisfied with life 40.6% (39 women) or dissatisfied with life 50% (48 women).Conclusions. The study showed the presence of psycho-emotional changes areas in the form of increased anxiety and depression, as well as decreased levels life satisfaction in pregnant women with drug addiction.


The business of companies in modern conditions is exposed to major changes related to systematic and systematic investment in employee education, especially management, which is an attempt to maximize productivity and improve individual and organizational knowledge. An important premise is the acceptance and understanding of the fact that systematic investment in employees is an opportunity to improve various business processes within the business company. Management has the task of achieving product quality and overall business of its own company based on a quality educational approach. Therefore, it is necessary to adequately design, implement, monitor and evaluate the process of education and training. Thus, the choice of quality methodology of the educational process is a complementary part of establishing a continuous model of training, which is the competitive strength of modern organizations. A systematic approach to the choice of training methodology allows organizations to connect the planned activity with the real business needs of both individuals and organizations. At the end of each training process, the results of the training are obtained as the end result of changing and shaping the skills, abilities, attitudes and behavior of employees according to the needs of organizational goals. The implications of training should be visible in various activities of employees, such as: job satisfaction, increased productivity, ability to manage complex processes and other functions that explicitly affect the competitiveness of the organization. The paper presents the management of the educational process for achieving high results and goals that are closely related to organizational goals.


The electron spin resonance of defects formed in high‐resistivity Czochralski silicon crystals annealed at 470 °C were observed. Defects with C2v symmetry in nitrogen in‐diffused crystals annealed for less than about 50 h were observed. With annealing for more than about 50 h, new electron‐spin‐resonance (ESR) spectra made up of C2v and nearly isotropic defects were evident. Only nearly isotropic defects were observed in non‐nitrogen‐doped crystals. It is believed that defects with C2v symmetry are oxygen‐nitrogen complexes. Strong similarities between oxygen‐nitrogen complex and previously reported NL10, in terms of C2v symmetry, g values, the dependence of g values on annealing time, the temperatures at which complexes are formed, the absence of hyperfine interactions in ESR measurement, and the character of shallow energy levels suggest that they may be the same defect.


Background: Pharmacoeconomics (PE) is a useful tool that aid decision makers in evaluating the affordability of and access to rational drug use. Despite the potential value of PE there are several challenges with the application of this concept. In this article we enlisted various stakeholders involved in pharmaceutical expenditure decision making at various levels of the healthcare sector to identify the challenges associated with PE application and help with recommendations to overcome these challenges at the hospital level. Methods: A team of experts with extensive clinical, administrative and PE experience was assembled. A framework analysis method was used to identify the challenges. The panelist discussed and categorized the involved areas into specific groups. Potential action steps for each group were listed and grouped into categories. Results: The panelists identified and categorized the challenges and the potential actions for each stakeholder. Conclusions: Panelists recommendations are a guide for individuals and entities approaching PE application. Considering the role of each stakeholder listed in this article will assure better utilization of these recommendations.


The frequency dependence of permeability has been calculated for soft magnetic thin films which have a uniaxial anisotropy with both amplitude and angular dispersion. These calculations have been performed for amorphous Co-Nb films, whose anisotropy dispersion has been determined by low-frequency FMR measurements. Comparison of the measured permeability with calculations suggests that the effective uniaxial anisotropy is dispersed more widely and with a smaller amplitude than is indicated by FMR measurements. The magnetization ripple is inferred to be one of the causes of the low value for the effective field.


Bootstrap current is regarded as a good candidate to sustain a large fraction of the plasma current, in the so-called "advanced" regimes of a tokamak reactor. It is thus important to study the stability of such discharges and to control them. By means of fast wave electron heating (FWEH, up to 9.5 MW), stationary high bootstrap discharges (during 5 seconds, ≈40%) were routinely obtained on Tore Supra. The bootstrap profile is computed with a matrix formulation (1,2) and is directly compared to the experimental determination of the non-inductive current. The simulation of the loop voltage either with the code CRONOS (1D current diffusion code) using the profile of bootstrap current, or with the knowledge of the resistivity, allows also a self consistent determination of the bootstrap current. The bootstrap induced by the FWEH is mainly due to the central pressure electron gradient (the central power deposition strongly peaks the electronic temperature). A 0D study shows that the bootstrap current (Ibs) var...


Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) is researched widely and applied to various fields.However,RFID still confronts many problems such as consumers' security and privacy.This paper presents the advantage and deficiency of current solutions to RFID.A new encrypted authentication approach is proposed,which employs the one-way hash function and a symmetric key.Compared with current protocols,it achieves in distinguish ability,forward security,replay attack,and spoofing attack.As a result,the protocol can be used in low-cost,limited computation system,and ubiquitous computing environment.


Objective To evaluate the value of esophageal replacement with colon(ERC) combined with three-field(cervical,thoracic and abdominal) lymphadenectomy for treating esophageal cancer.Method 120 thoracic esophageal carcinoma cases were regarded as group A,who underwent ERC and extended three-field lymphadenectomy(group A);110 patients treated by right thoracotomy and ventrotomy were served as a control(group B).Results The resection rate of group A was higher than that of group B(98.3% vs.91.8%,P0.05),and positive rate of stump was lower than that of group B(5.0% vs.12.7%,P0.05).There was statistic difference in complication rate between group A and B(36.7% vs.24.5%,P0.05).The total number and metastasis rate of dissected lymph node was 2 151 and 9.6% respectively in group A,and 920 and 8.2% respectively in group B.The 1-,3-,5-year survival rate was 86.4%,69.1% and 39.1% respectively in group A,and 83.2%,43.0% and 26.2% respectively in group B.Both 3-and 5-year survival rate of group A were obviously higher than those of group B(P0.05).Conclusion ERC combined with three-field lymphadenectomy can procure a higher lymph node clearance rate,and prolong the survival period for thoracic esophageal cancer patients.


Wang Chuan-shan was a confucianism thinker of last phase of Ming Dynasty.He inherited the theory of Zhangzai,who was a scholar in Northern Song Dynasty.And Wang Chuan Shan brought into play the quintessence of change which combines "constantly strive to become stronger in learning "and "the gentleman moves every day".He expressed his national thoughts and personal chastity with his ideal personality sustained by the spirit of "constantly strive to become stronger in learning ".He reached the famous historical conclusions to save the nation people must be first saved;"first destroy the old and establish the new",and educate people's souls and temper personality.Only we have a new bright generation who get all-round development,can the Chinese nation meet a bright future.


The plague that afflicts humans is terrible and very vicious. Few people who are affected as carriers and who are affected by the outbreak quarantine themselves during the outbreak of the disease. In this regard, Allah has explained in the Qur'an regarding it. The scholars of interpretation in understanding the relationship between quarantine and epidemics can be studied to describe the view of commentators in understanding the relationship between quarantine and disease outbreaks, as well as the relevance of the relationship between quarantine and epidemics in the Qur'an and science to gain a strong understanding in the Qur'an. and science. The relationship between health quarantine and disease outbreaks can be seen in 2 ways: first, through an interpretation which tells about quarantine and epidemics that can become ibrah, and second, through Asbab an-Nuzul Verse in which there is iradah kawniyah which can be understood by Allah commanding us. to self-quarantine. The relevance of the interpretation of the quarantine relationship and the epidemic can be viewed from the purpose of quarantine and quarantine techniques and quarantine history, after observing and spreading the disease, quarantine can be carried out with several types of quarantine.


Milk is one very important farm products as compared with other beverage ingredients, milk is a drink that is close to perfection. Milk contains nutritionally complete, ie; lactose, vitamins and minerals that our bodies need. In addition it contains glycerol fatty acid is more easily digested by the body. As a source of animal protein is very good for making milk is not easy to be replaced by other foods, especially for vulnerable groups such as infant nutrition, the elderly and pregnant or lactating women.This study aims to determine the level of preference, the melting power, protein content, total sugars and to determine the nutritional composition of the ice cream produced. The method used in this study is completely randomized design (CRD). The data were obtained and analyzed through organoleptic and proximate analysis.The results showed that the level of preference panelists for the best formulation is E2 with a value that is a sense of (4.0), aroma (3.7), texture (3.2) and colors (3.2). Results of the quality of the ice cream is melting power in all 3 treatment is in the range from 3.35 to 5.77 (m), protein content and high sugar content is E3. Based on the results of this study concluded that the overall A level of 3 treatments of ice cream are on a scale from 2.8 to 4.0 or in the standard up to the level of love. The best treatment resulting from the treatment of E2.


Our conviction that there is need for improved services in the local government system provided an impetus for assessing the attitude of local government workers towards the application of institutional mechanisms of public accountability and the effect on performance. 205 local government functionaries completed a questionnaire. The mean age, qualification and length of service of the respondent were 2.5, 2.60 and 2.58 respectively. The hypothesis was tested at 0.5 significant levels using contingency coefficient. The study established that attitude of local government functionaries towards the application of these mechanisms significantly correlate with performance. Implications of these findings are discussed. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5p403


The aim of our research was to evaluate whether rapeseed and linseed oils used as feed addi - tives to ewe's diets allow to achieve the higher secretion of unsaturated fatty acids into milk with extended emphasis on the conjugated linoleic acid concentration. Two experiments were carried out on 6 lactating ewes in two independent 3 × 3 Latin square designs. In each feeding cycle the animals were subjected to one of the treatments: (1) without oil supplementation, (2) with 3.5% of rapeseed oil (RS) or linseed oil (LS), (3) with 7.0% of rapeseed oil or linseed oil. Feeding diets rich in mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids to lactating ewes under our experimental conditions resulted in demanded changes in milk fatty acid content without causing milk fat depression or modification of other milk constituents. Milk fat was improved in unsaturated fatty acids including C18:2 c9 t11 CLA isomer without changing the milk fat concentration. The C18:2 c9 t11 concentration increased from 0.03 (FAME, %) in the control group to 0.21 and 0.12 (FAME, %) in groups receiving 3.5 and 7% RS, respectively. The diet with 7% LS also elevated the C18:2 c9 t11 level in milk from 0.04 (FAME, %) in the control group to 0.11 (FAME, %). Hence a conclusion is drawn that plant oils may be an important source of monoenic and also polyenic fatty acids in milk, however, our research and analysis of literature data indicate that results are strictly dietary and supplement-dependent.


This article discusses the role of the citizen in the production of their habitat and their relationship with public housing and neighborhood policy in Chile. Taking three case studies, we analyze the deployed capabilities; experience and knowledge accumulated by the people in the production and management of their habitat. The results show where settlers' are today in order to contribute and take part in decisions on housing and urban policy.


Italian foreign policy has often been dismissed for 'punching below its weight', forbeing too idiosyncratic and inconsistent. The aim of this workshop is to encourage abetter understanding of Italy's foreign policy since the turn of the century. Those invited to contribute include academics, policy researchers, specialists from the defence industry and from the wider community involved in foreign policy diplomacy at both the national and European levels.


Three series of transition metal carbonyls compounds namely: X2Sn{n-CSHSFe(CO)212 (X= CI, Br, I, CH3, C2HS' C3H7, C4H9, CSHS and C6HS)' M(CO) n= M(CO) n= 2,3 X=CI, Br) and (PPh3)2 CI.Br (M= Mo,W) ,have been 2,3 studied. The compounds were prepared either using literature methods or modification of methods for similar compounds. All these compounds were found to be air-sensitive especially in solution and were synthesized in an inert atmosphere or on a vacuum line which was constructed for this work. The vacuum line was also used for recrystallisation of the compounds and also ...•.~ ,. for cold-finger sublimation . . , Samples of the carbonyl derivatives of the first series X2Sn{n-CSHSFe(CO)212 were obtained in reasonable yield and purity with exception of the methyl derivative. Group VI metal derivatives M(CO)n= 2,3(PPh3)2X2 and M(CO)n= 2,3(PPh3)2CI Br were obtained in low yields but the crystals were reasonably pure. Characterisation of the compounds was done by elemental analysis of the metal, carbon and


Translational research aims to move knowledge generated from basic science and apply it to the clinical setting. As orthodontists, we continually strive for faster, safer and alternative clinical therapies in our goal to improve our patient outcomes and experiences. Our clinical questions may be answered by benchtop research and the ensuing translational research involving relevant animal models and robust clinical trials.


: Perovskite solar cells have become a research hotspot in the field of new energy due to the excellent performance and potential in application, but it still displays some disadvantages such as high defect density and poor stability. In this study, L- arginine, a small molecule of organic matter, was doped into the perovskite precursor solution by comparing the doping effects of various amino acids, and the perovskite solar cells were prepared by the two-element and two-step preparation method. The test results show that L- arginine doping improves the photoelectric performance of the device, and the photoelectric efficiency increases from 18.81% to 21.86%. L- arginine reduces the nonradiative recombination of carriers and increases the average carrier life by reducing the defect density of perovskite layer from 4.83 × 10 16 cm -1 to 3.45 × 10 16 cm -1 . In addition, the perovskite grain size increases, grain boundaries decrease, the light absorption ability and stability of the film are enhanced, and the hysteresis effect was also suppressed. Improvement of the photovoltaic performance is due to the passivation of defects by the interaction of various groups of L- arginine with perovskite materials. This study provides a reference method of the optimization of perovskite solar cells.


October 27, 2011  Subcommittee Chairman Burton, ranking member Meeks, members of the Subcommittee on Europe and Eurasia, it is a pleasure to testify before you today on the origin, and current status of European and US responses to the euro area crisis. In my written testimony, I will address three issues; the origins of the four principal aspects of the euro area crisis, the recent crises responses by European and US leaders, and the impact of the euro area crisis on US political and economic interests.  The Origin of the Euro Area's Four Different Crises, their Overlaps, and Mutual Reinforcement  The euro area crisis has gradually since May 2010 taken center place in an increasingly volatile global economy. It has become evident that the crisis consists of four distinct, though frequently overlapping and mutually reinforcing crises; (1) A design crisis, as the euro area from its creation in the 1990s has lacked crucial institutions to ensure financial stability during a crisis; (2) A fiscal crisis centered in Greece, but present across the southern euro area and Ireland; (3) A competitiveness crisis manifest in large and persistent pre‐crisis current account deficits in the euro area periphery and even larger intra‐euro‐area current account imbalances; and (4) A banking crisis first visible in Ireland, but spreading throughout the euro area via accelerating concerns over sovereign solvencies.  Before proceeding to discuss each crisis in more detail, it is immediately important to note how each of the four simultaneous crises currently raging in the euro area would pose a significant challenge for policymakers in any individual country, and that none of the four can credibly be solved in isolation. The current euro area economic and political situation is characterized by an unusual degree of complexity, frustrating attempts at a single expeditious comprehensive solution. No silver bullet answer to the euro area's current travails is available to EU policymakers, and the drawn‐out inconclusive crisis containment efforts witnessed in Europe since early 2010 is set to continue for a while yet.  The Euro Area Design Challenge  The concrete thinking about an economic and monetary union (EMU) in Europe goes back to 1970, when the Werner Report laid out a detailed three stage plan for the establishment of EMU in Europe by 1980. Members of the European Community would gradually increase coordination of economic and fiscal policies, while reducing exchange rate fluctuations and finally fixing these irrevocably. The collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the first oil crisis in the early 1970s caused the Werner Report proposals to be abandoned.  By the mid‐1980s, following the 1979 creation of the European Monetary System and the initiation of Europe's internal market, European policymakers again took up the idea of an EMU. The Delors Report from 1989 envisioned the achievement of EMU by 1999, moving gradually (again in three stages) towards closer economic coordination among the EU members, with binding constraints on member states' national budgets, and a single currency with an independent European Central Bank (ECB).


The management and conservation of threatened animal populations require accurate knowledge on their distribution and abundance. At the same time, knowledge on the factors driving changes and fluctuation in distribution and abundance is also critical. Nevertheless, gaining such insight is especially challenging for species living in patchy and fragmented landscapes, as is the case for most mammals in tropical forests. This thesis addressed these issues by developing and validating analytical frameworks that allow to make robust spatial inference on population abundance, and ultimately aimed at gaining knowledge on the conservation status of selected mammal species in the rainforest of the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania, with emphasis on arboreal primates. This area is an outstanding hotspot for biodiversity and endemism at continental level and it is especially important for primates. Results of the research project were used to provide management recommendations for the conservation of target species and of the environment these inhabit, which is undergoing rapid and critical modifications through habitat depletion and fragmentation.


We have developed a new type AFM (Atomic force microscopy) for semiconductor wafer testing with coarse-fine movement mechanisms, coarse XY stage and fine xy scanner. XY scanner was used both sample positioning and AFM scanning, A unique birds-beak type z-scanner was designed to be constructed with an optical microscope. Firstly we examined basic characteristics of each positioning mechanisms, 20 mm positioning with coarse-fine control in 0.25 s, 2 nm step moving with xy scanner. Secondary the resolution of the AFM system with 0.3 nm and the frequency response with 1 kHz in AFM operation were measured. Finally as AFM observations, a compact disc surface and bare-Si surface of 0.19 nm Ra were clearly measured. We confirmed the usefulness of the new AFM mechanism.


Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is recognized as essential for the successful implementation of smart grids, and information communication technology is enabling technology for VPP implementation. However, finding the most appropriate technology that can satisfy their future communication needs is still an unsolving issue for VPP. Focusing on the hierarchial VPP control model, and utilizing Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) network technology, this paper has presented an EPON-based communication architecture for virtual power plant.


In this paper, a microcomputer based traffic controller and simulator for an actual stretch of road has been discussed. The control strategy for the controller is vehicle actuated, ie both the cycle and phase times on number of vehicles entering the junction in the previous cycle. Thus, a real time control of the traffic signal timings is possible. The control is of closed loop type, and it is possible to detect traffic congestion. A back-up fixed time based plan is also available. 'Green wave' progression [1,2] is considered for implementation. This ensures that the last vehicle crossing the junction prior to main junction is able to pass through this junction with minimum delay.An important feature is development of a software simulator. This helps to thoroughly test and implement the traffic scheme developed. This software package can also be used as a tool in the simulation of any other control strategy involving vehicle intersections. This software simulator is capable of simulating the traffic statu...


This study was conducted to examine the effect of working capital management to company profitability Food and Beverage listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Ie working capital management as indicated by Turnover Cash, Accounts Receivable Turnover and Inventory Turnover With Profitability as indicated by Return On Investment (ROI).The data used in this research is secondary data. The study population was firm Food and Beverage Industrylisted on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2009-2014. The sampling method used is purposive sampling as many as six companies during the six years of observation in order to get as much data as the company's financial statements 36 food and beverage industry listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2009-2014 period. Classic assumption test in this study include normality test, multikoliniearitas, heterocedasticity test, test autokolerasi. Analisisis data analysis using multiple linear regression, t-test, f and the coefficient of determination test. Analysis of data using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 16.The analysis showed that the variables of cash and accounts receivable turnover perputaraan partially (t test) significant negative effect on ROI while variable inventory turnover no significant effect on ROI. Results simultaneous (f test) shows that all independent variables significant positive effect on ROI. Adjusted R squre of 0.350 indicating that 35.0% ROI can be explained by the independent variable cash turnover, accounts receivable turnover and inventory turnover. While the rest of 65.0% is explained by other variables.