The accurate prediction of the transaction volume of the core accounting system is of great significance to the stable operation of commercial banks. After fully investigating the transaction volume history of the core accounting system and discovering the unique time-series attributes of the data, this study proposes a transaction volume prediction model of the core accounting system of commercial banks based on the improved bat algorithm and the optimized gating loop unit neural network. The chaos algorithm, reverse learning, evolution, and search mechanisms are implemented to improve the search efficiency of solving the global optimization problem, to overcome the shortcomings of the original bat algorithm, such as early maturation and easily falling into the trap of a local optimal solution, and to enhance the algorithm's optimization ability and precision. Moreover, the bat algorithm's optimization ability is fully utilized, and the optimal parameters of the GRU model, such as network layers and neural units, are determined. Finally, the effectiveness of the combination model is evaluated using historical transaction data from the core accounting system stored in a bank data warehouse. The experimental results show that the improved combined GRU model performs well in mean squared error, root mean squared error, and mean absolute error, which is superior to the original GRU model and the traditional time-series forecasting ARMA model. The proposed combined model can be effectively applied to the transaction volume prediction of the core accounting system of commercial banks.


Otosclerosis is a common form of progressive hearing loss in adults, which characterized by alternating phases of bone resorption and formation [1]. The activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts plays an important role in the disease process [2]. Its aetiology remains poorly understood with a number of possible factors implicated in its development, including genetics, autoimmunity, viruses, inflammation, and hormones [3]. Hormone factors, especially estrogen, have long been considered to involve in the pathogenesis of otosclerosis due to the observations that increased occurrence or aggravation of the hearing loss in women during or shortly after pregnancy [4, 5]. However, a retrospective study by Lippy et al., on 128 women does not support this belief [6]. Moreover, despite the well-established participation of estrogen in osteoblastic function [7], hormonal influence of oral contraceptives does not predispose the female population to an increase in otosclerosis [8]. Therefore, based on the current evidence, the definitive conclusions, in terms of the association of otosclerosis and pregnancy, cannot be drawn.


1-[(4-Amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-2-methylpyridinium chloride hydrochloride, C14H19Na+.C1-.HC1, M , = 3 1 5 . 2 , triclinic, P1, a = 11.327 (2), b = 13.842 (2), c = 10.959 (2) A, a = 90.68 (2), / 3 = 110.13 (1), y = 99.10 (2) °, V = 1588.9 (4) A 3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.318 g cm -3, A(Cu Ka) * To whom correspondence should be addressed. 0108-2701/93/020282-04506.00 = 1 . 5 4 1 8 A , ~ = 3 5 . 7 c m -1, F ( 0 0 0 ) = 6 6 4 , T = 297 K, R = 0.054 for 3680 reflections with F>_ 6~r(F). The two independent divalent amprol ium molecular ions are interconnected by four N(4 'a )mH-. -C1 (amino group) hydrogen bonds forming a dimeric unit which has a pseudo center of symmetry, discounting the propyl side chains. There are only van der Waals interactions between these dimeric units. © 1993 International Union of Crystallography W H A N C H U L SHIN AND D O N G G W E O N OH 283 The conformation of amprolium is very similar to the F form of thiamin in that an H atom sits on top of the pyrimidine ring. Table 1. Atomic coordinates (× 10 4) and thermal parameters (A 2) Introduction. Thiamin (vitamin B,), in the form of pyrophosphate ester, is a coenzyme in a number of Molecule A N(1) 4321 (2) enzyme systems that catalyze the decarboxylation of c(2) 3139 (3) a-keto acids and the transfer of aldehyde or acyl c(3) 2529 (3) C(4) 3114 (4) groups. Although the Breslow mechanism depicts the c(5) 4331 (4) C(6) 4923 (3) essential features of thiamin catalysis, many details c(2~) 2546 (4) of the enzymatic reaction, such as the role of the c(1,5,) 4960(3) N(I') 7405 (3) 4'-amino group and the binding mode of the coc(2,) 8495 (3) enzyme, have yet to be elucidated (Kluger, 1987). N(3') 8533(2) C(4') 7410 (3) Knowledge of the structural characteristics of the c(5,) 6218(3) antagonists of thiamin may help in understanding c(6,) 6266 (3) C(2"a) 9709 (4) some aspects of these problems. There are two major c(2'e) 10689 (4) C(2'y) 11477 (4) types of potent thiamin antagonists: oxythiamin has N(4'a) 7482 (3) an intact thiazolium ring but contains a 4'-oxopyriMolecule B midine instead of a 4'-aminopyrimidine moiety, N(1) 10743(2) while the other antagonists, pyrithiamin and amproc(2) 11937 (3) C(3) 12346 (4) lium, have the 4'-aminopyrimidine moiety but conc(4) 11545(6) tain a pyridine moiety instead of the thiazolium ring c~5) 10337 (5) C(6) 9960 (3) and thus lack the active site. The former acts as an c(2~) 12751 (4) C(1,5') 10308 (3) inhibitor to thiamin pyrophosphate-requiring N(I") 7808 (3) enzymes while the latter inhibit thiamin kinase which c(2,) 6740 (3) is involved in thiamin transport (Rogers, 1970). C(4' )N(Y) 78616734(2)(3) X-ray analyses revealed that oxythiamin assumes the c(5,) 9036 (3) C(6') 8944 (3) V conformation which is different from the characc(2',o 5517 (4) teristic F or S form of thiamin (Shin, Pletcher, Sax & c(2"t~) 4448 (5) C(2'y) 3718 (5) Blank, 1979; Shin, Pletcher & Sax, 1981). The crystal N(4'a) 7784 (3) structure of pyrithiamin has not been reported and 0(1) 7078 (1) our efforts to obtain a crystal have, thus far, been in o(2) 7797 (1) C1(3) 5277 (1) vain. Instead we obtained the crystal of amprolium, 0(4) 9942 (1) which is conformationally homologous to pyrithiamin and used as a poultry coccidiostat, and determined its crystal structure. Experimental. Colorless plate-like crystals obtained from a methanol solution by slow evaporation; crystal ca 0.3 x 0.2 x 0.2 mm; Rigaku AFC diffractometer; graphite-monochromated Cu Ka radiation; 28 ___ 120 °, to-28 scan, scan speed 2 ° mini in 20, to-scan width (1.5 + 0.5tanS)°; background measured for 10 s on either side of the peak; cell parameters by least-squares fit to observed 20 values for 25 centered reflections with 25---20-<60°; intensity checks for three standard reflections showed little (_+ 3%) variations; 4733 independent reflections (h 0 to 12, k 1 5 to 15, l 1 2 to 12), 3680 (77.8%) observed with F_> 6tr(F) and used in refinement; Lp corrections, no absorption or extinction correction. Structure solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least squares on F with anisotropic thermal parameters using SHELX76 (Sheldrick, 1976); H atoms identified in the difference map and refined isotropically; Y,w(IFolIFcl) 2 minimized, with w = k/[tr2(Fo) + gFo2], tr(F) from counting statisUeq = (113)~.i ~.j Uij a ,*a j*a , . . a j .


Article history: Received 19 September 2009 Received in revised form 22 November 2009 Accepted 6 January 2010 Available online 12 January 2010 Communicated by A.R. Bishop


While the idea of countering 'violent extremist' narratives is a matter of considerable policy interest, particularly in relation to beliefs associated with the wider Al-Qaeda movement, little has been written on the specific dynamics of arguments between supporters and critics of AlQaeda on the Internet. In this exploratory article, I attempt, based broadly on the pragmadialectic perspective of argumentation theory, a detailed analysis of one set of arguments between supporters and critics of Al-Qaeda in a debate which took place on an Arabic language Web Forum in late 2009 and early 2010.


—Chairman Alan Greenspan It has been almost three years since Chairman Greenspan posed the foregoing question and thereby launched the phrase "irrational exuberance" into the economic idiom. Since then, of course, some stock-price indexes have doubled, and the question still remains unanswered. Over the same period, favorable U.S. economic performance continued to surprise even some of the more optimistic prognosticators. Because stock prices are presumably forward looking, earlier exuberance appears, at least up to this point, to have been validated by experience.


Abstract This article develops some theory of balanced 2m fractional factorial designs which permit estimation of main effects orthogonally to two-factor interactions and the general mean, whose size N is desirably small and which are optimal with respect to the three standard criteria namely, the trace, determinant and the largest root of the variance-covariance matrix of the estimates. The equivalence of these criteria is established for certain situations. For various practical values of m and N, balanced designs are obtained, some of which are also shown to be optimal.


The double charge exchange of mesons(Ti/sup +/) was detected on emulsion nuclei. The value of the cross section for the process was found to be (5 plus or minus 1) 10/sup -28/ cm/sup 2/at energies of 30 to 80 Mev. (auth)


The electron affinity (EA) of OSCs and the ionization energy (IE) of dopant radicals (D˙s) are two molecular descriptors for the n-doping reaction with DMBI-H derivatives, and EA(OSC) − IE(D·) > 1.0 eV is proposed as a criterion for efficient doping.


Why do we size software? For many reasons. To estimate effort. To estimate memory requirements. To estimate processing or execution speed. This paper considers size measures that help us predict the effort needed to design, build and test computer software using object-oriented methods. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is emerging as an industry standard for recording the results of object-oriented analysis and design. We focus specifically on the use of the products of the UML as early reliable measures of software size. These products include use cases, class diagrams, state diagrams, event trace diagrams, etc. There are too many UML products to use them all. Thus, we identified a subset suitable for early estimation of effort by examining the development process. The process determines the activities performed by the development staff, and so the sequence in which the products are generated. This enabled us to identify which products will be available early in a project. We estimate the size by combining estimates for the three aspects of software: data, control behavior, and function, as identified by [DeMarco, 19821. We examined the elements of UML notation, and the activities of the Object-Oriented Systems Analysis (OOSA) method. This method is similar to Object Management Technique (OMT) which has been absorbed into UML. The Class Diagram (essentially an Entity Relationship Diagrilm) and the Event List or, better, the Statechart (a State Transition Diagram) seem to suffice to determine most of the development effort. The only activity we think is not covered is the development of complex operations (algorithms, methods). We recommend an approach to help the estimator identify these and estimate the additional effort. We attempted to estimate the size in Unadjusted Feature Points. We also surveyed other relevant approaches mentioned in the literature. We conclude by identifying some questions that need to be addressed in the future.


. The development ir diffraction studies of 2-dimensional mono-atomic films physisorbed on graphite over the past decade is described. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies represent a break-through in this field and future possibilities are mentioned. Abstract The development in diffraction studies of 2-dimensional mono-atomic films physisorbed on graphite over the past decade is described. Synchrctron X-r^y diffraction studies represent a break-through in this field and future possi bilities are mentioned.


An in-line control method used for continuous annealing oven features that on the basis of heat transfer theory, a dynamic mathematical model of temp for whole annealing over is created and a mixed intelligent control system is constructured based on both quantitative calculation by mathematical model and qalitative reasoning by human experience. The optimized control based on quantitative calculation, presetting based on variables separation and closed-loop feedback intelligent correction based on human experience are combined to find out total control amount of temp for each section. Through temp distribution and intelligent coordination, each control signals are obtained. The control is implemented by basic automatizing apparatus.


We give an explicit formula for the power-sum expansion of Jack polynomials. We deduce it from a more general formula, which we provide here, that interprets Jack characters in terms of bipartite maps. We prove Lassalle's conjecture from 2008 on integrality and positivity of Jack characters in Stanley's coordinates and give a new formula for Jack polynomials using creation operators.


We study large-time asymptotic behavior of solutions to the Cauchy problem for a model of nonlinear dissipative evolution equation. The linear part is a pseudodifferential operator and the nonlinearity is a cubic pseudodifferential operator defined by means of the inverse Fourier transformation and represented by bilinear and trilinear forms with respect to the direct Fourier transform of the dependent variable. We consider nonconvective type nonlinearity, that is, we suppose that the total mass of the nonlinear term does not vanish. We consider the initial data, which have a nonzero total mass and belong to the weighted Sobolev space with a sufficiently small norm. Then we give the main term of the large-time asymptotics of solutions in the critical case. The time decay rate have an additional logarithmic correction in comparison with the corresponding linear case.


Chemical Fractionation and Solubility of Phosphorus in Dairy Manure-Amended Soils as a Predictor of Phosphorus Concentration in Runoff. (December 2005) Laura Elizabeth Harstad, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. S. E. Feagley Nutrient over-loading in many dairy manure-amended soils in the dairy producing areas of Texas has led to environmental problems as such eutrophication of local surface water bodies. One of the nutrients contributing to eutrophication problems is phosphorus (P). This project focused on fractionation and solubility of selected P forms in an effort to determine a relationship with P found in runoff from dairy manureamend soils. Ten soils (5 calcareous, 5 noncalcareous) were collected from the dairy producing areas of Texas. Triplicate soil samples were analyzed for 0-5 cm and 5-15 cm depths. An acid-base extraction method was used to determine total P (TP), inorganic P, and organic P. Sequential extractions were used to determine the loosely-bound P, iron (Fe) phosphates, aluminum (Al) phosphates, reductant soluble P, occluded apatite P, and calcium (Ca) phosphates for calcareous and noncalcareous samples. The ammonium oxalate method was used to determine extractable Fe, Al, and silicon (Si). Potassium chloride extraction was used to determine soluble Ca, Al, Fe, Mg, and P. A weak NaOH extract was used to determined the amount of bioavalible P. Dissolved P in runoff events and soil pH were collected in a previous study.


Density is one of the important physical parameters of materials. The paper introduces research work concerned with a novel sensor for measuring liquid density. Different from the traditional instruments used today, such as vibrating tubes, ultrasonic based sensors, the new one based on Lamb wave possesses many advantages, such as high sensitivity, fast response, little sample required, etc. This paper presents a basic principle of the sensor and the phase shift measuring method used in this project. The measuring system and satisfactory experiment results are shown.


Group Decisions
How do groups of animals, including humans, make decisions that affect the entire group? Evidence collected from schooling animals suggests that the process is somewhat democratic, with nearest neighbors and the majority shaping overall collective behavior. In animals with


This review essay addresses first the author's own assessment of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) and second the structure and contribution of the book edited by Andreas Rasche and Georg Kell on The United Nations Global Compact: Achievements, Trends and Challenges (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2010). The book brings together contributions by academics and practitioners from business, civil society, and the UNGC office.


Polar angle x-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) curves are presented for the Ir(001) 5p 3/2 , 4 7/2 , 4d 5/2 , 4p 3/2 , and 4s 1/2 core levels, as well as for the valence band. The core-level XPD intensity enhancements along the [001] and [011] crystallographic directions show a substantial dependence on the initial-state orbital angular momentum l i . XPD from regions within the IR valence band correlate well with core-level XPD of the same l i


Proton therapy uses proton beams with energies of 70 – 230 MeV to treat cancerous tumours very effectively, while preserving surrounding healthy tissues as much as possible. During nuclear interactions of these protons with matter, secondary neutrons can be produced. These neutrons can have energies ranging up to the maximum energy of the protons and can thus be particularly difficult to attenuate. In fact, the rooms of a proton therapy facility are generally surrounded by concrete walls of at least ~2 m in thickness, in order to protect the members of the staff and the public from the stray radiation. Today, the design of the shielding walls is generally based on Monte Carlo simulations. Amongst the numerous parameters on which these simulations depend, some are difficult to control and are therefore selected in a conservative manner. Despite these conservative choices, it remains important to carry out accurate neutron dose measurements inside proton therapy facilities, in order to assess the effectiveness of the shielding and the conservativeness of the simulations. There are, however, very few studies in literature which focus on the comparison of such simulations with neutron measurements performed outside the shielding in proton therapy facilities. Moreover, the published measurements were not necessarily acquired with detectors that possess a good sensitivity to neutrons with energies above 20 MeV, while these neutrons actually give an important contribution to the total dose outside the shielding. A first part of this work was dedicated to the study of the energy response function of the WENDI-2, a rem meter that possesses a good sensitivity to neutrons of more than 20 MeV. The WENDI-2 response function was simulated using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX and validation measurements were carried out with 252Cf and AmBe sources as well as high-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams. Then, WENDI-2 measurements were acquired inside and outside four rooms of the proton therapy facility of Essen (Germany). MCNPX simulations, based on the same conservative choices as the original shielding design simulations, were carried out to calculate the neutron spectra and WENDI-2 responses in the measurement positions. A relatively good agreement between the simulations and the measurements was obtained in front of the shielding, whereas overestimates by at least a factor of 2 were obtained for the simulated responses outside the shielding. This confirmed the conservativeness of the simulations with respect to the neutron fluxes transmitted through the walls. Two studies were then carried out to assess the sensitivity of the MCNPX simulations to the defined concrete composition and the selected physics models for proton and neutron interactions above 150 MeV. Both aspects were found to have a significant impact on the simulated neutron doses outside the shielding. Finally, the WENDI-2 responses measured outside the fixed-beam treatment room were also compared to measurements acquired with an extended-range Bonner Sphere Spectrometer and a tissue-equivalent proportional counter. A satisfactory agreement was obtained between the results of the three measurement techniques.


The problem of symmetric private information retrieval (SPIR) from a coded database which is distributively stored among colluding servers is studied. Specifically, the database comprises K files, which are stored among N servers using an (N, M)-MDS storage code. A user wants to retrieve one file from the database by communicating with the N servers, without revealing the identity of the desired file to any server. Furthermore, the user shall learn nothing about the other K − 1 files in the database. In the T-colluding SPIR problem (hence called TSPIR), any T out of N servers may collude, that is, they may communicate their interactions with the user to guess the identity of the requested file. We show that for linear schemes, the information-theoretic capacity of the MDS-TSPIR problem, defined as the maximum number of information bits of the desired file retrieved per downloaded bit, equals 1 − M+T−1/N, if the servers share common randomness (unavailable at the user) with amount at least M+T−1/N−M−T+1 times the file size. Otherwise, the capacity equals zero.


A study of 14 residential facilities operating schools for children with disabilities in Virginia gathered information on the following topics: (1) nature of operation, profit versus nonprofit, fund-raising activities, plans for future expansion, and affiliations with national chains; (2) student profiles including disabilities served, number of males, placements classified by placing agency, average stay, and average cost per year; (3) number of staff and staff/student ratio; (4) agencies involved in licensing/monitoring the facility; (5) perceptions of state's monitoring different aspects of the schools; (6) distinct programs offered, availability of group/individual counseling, vocational programming, parent involvement, student community involvement, work opportuniticz, and after-care follow up; and (7) strengths and weaknesses of programming. Findings indicated that a wide range of services was provided by residential facilities, that there was a trend toward more specialized treatment, and there was an emphasis on family involvement in treatment of the residents and after-care follow-up activities. The study concluded that community-based programming, parent involvement, and effective transitioning are being emphasized to enhance the lasting therapeutic effects of educational programs, and that residential facilities are likely to continue engaging in fund-raising activities for capital improvement and for meeting increasing costs, along with states' continuing efforts to expand interagency collaboration and explore more cost-efficient programming. (Contains 20 references.) (JDD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OP EDUCATION Offc or Educatonal Research and improvement Residential Placements for Students With Disabilities: Practice Trends and the Case of Virginia


ABSTRACT Uncertainty is a prevalent and influential experience for people managing chronic illness. People living with diabetes experience individual, relational, and illness-related uncertainty across the illness trajectory, yet scholars know little about the lived experience of diabetes uncertainty. To fill this gap, our study examined interpersonal exchanges in 22 US-based online forums geared toward people with diabetes. Our results revealed four sources of diabetes uncertainty: using tools, experiencing complications, negotiating multiple health issues, and affording care. This uncertainty prompted two mutually influential responses: worrying/fearing and controlling diabetes. Support-seeking emerged as a primary communicative goal for people with diabetes, as they managed uncertainty through navigating finances, choosing tools to manage the disease, establishing norms, and crowdsourcing care. The results have pragmatic value for informing diabetes self-management education.


This article describes three points about Pesantren modernization development. First : pesantren as Islamic educational institution that has an old tradition in Indonesia has more diversification and differentiation today.  One of the forms of that diversification is pesantren becoming academic sub-culture that supports scientific works. Second : this category is very affecting the Kyai role as the leader of pesantren and having academic capacity and reputation at the same time at University in some certain discipline of science. The author takes Pesantren Baitul Hikmah in Yogyakarta as the sample. In this part, the author gives the description of Pesantren Baitul Hikmah's educational process, advantages, and its curriculum. Pesantren Baitul Hikmah has the advance in the field of interpretation of the Qur'an and Hermeneutic as its device. Third , the author attempts to use the significance of hermeneutic analysis as developed at the pesantren for developing interpretative religious research. Keywords: Pesantren; Academic Sub-culture; Hermeneutics; Kyai


Arsenic (As) an environmental toxicant constitutes a serious hazard to human health while selenium (Se), although a trace element recognized for its protective properties can be toxic depending on its chemical form and dose administered. This present study investigated the effects of co-exposure to As in form of sodium arsenite (As III) and Se as sodium selenite (Se IV) on the lipid profile of male albino rats. Thirty animals were divided into six; group I (control) received distilled water; groups 2 and 3 were exposed to 20 and 40 ppm arsenic as sodium arsenite respectively; in addition to 20 and 40 ppm arsenite, groups 4 and 5 were also administered 0.25 mg/kg b.wt selenite while group 6 was exposed to only 0.25 mg/kg/ b.wt selenite for five weeks. Hepatic, renal and splenic cholesterol (CHOL) concentrations increased significantly in animals co-exposed to 40 ppm (the higher As dose) + 0.25 mg/kg b.wt Se while a reduced CHOL resulted with the lower dose except in the lungs when compared to the control. Similarly, while an increased hepatic, splenic and plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations ensued on co-exposure to the higher dose, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference on co-exposure to the lower dose except in the plasma where a 24 % decrease was observed. The lipoproteins (HDL-CHOL and HDL-TAG) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in groups exposed to only As whereas LDL+VLDL concentrations of both CHOL and TAG increased in co-exposed groups in a dose-dependent manner. This study revealed the dyslipidemic potential of the sub-chronic exposure to both arsenite and selenite in male wistar rats.


Fuzzy controllers are now part of the common control tools, and several different approaches for their design have been proposed in the literature. This paper presents a direct adaptive fuzzy controller for unknown nonlinear systems. Starting from the single step ahead direct adaptive control approach, a multiple steps ahead direct adaptive control scheme is presented. These approaches have been both developed at IRIDIA in the framework of the FAMIMO Esprit project. The strength of the second method is to overcome the problems related with the first approach, such as its inability to control nonminimum phase systems, at the price of increased computational load, and a deeper knowledge of the model of the system.


This text studies the culture building of Shanxi universities,problems and put forward their understanding of and recommendations.Universities culture in the building should reflect a long history of Shanxi Province,local cultural and schools characteristics,reform the old system of management,and actively develop the economic and cultural integration Shanxi province.


We sequenced the genome of a global collection (40 isolates) of the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), a major foliar pathogen of wheat and model for the evolution of necrotrophic pathogens. Ptr exhibited an open-pangenome, with 43% of genes in the core set and 57% defined as accessory (present in only a subset of isolates), of which 56% were singleton genes (present in only one isolate). A clear distinction between pathogenic and non-pathogenic genomes was observed in size, gene content, and phylogenetic relatedness. Chromosomal rearrangements and structural organization, specifically around the effector coding genes, were explored further using the annotated genomes of two isolates sequenced by PacBio RS II and Illumina HiSeq. The Ptr genome exhibited major chromosomal rearrangements, including chromosomal fusion, translocation, and segment duplications. An intraspecies translocation of ToxA, the necrosis-inducing effector-coding gene, was facilitated within Ptr via a 143 kb 'Starship' transposon (dubbed 'Horizon'). Additionally, ToxB, the gene encoding the chlorosis-inducing effector, was clustered as three copies on a 294 kb transposable element in a ToxB-producing isolate. ToxB and its carrying transposon were missing from the ToxB non-coding reference isolate, but the homolog toxb and the transposon were both present in another non-coding isolate. The Ptr genome also appears to exhibit a 'one-compartment' organization, but may still possess a 'two-speed genome' that is facilitated by copy-number variation as reported in other fungal pathosystems. IMPORTANCE Ptr is one of the most destructive wheat pathogens worldwide. Its genome is a mosaic of present and absent effectors, and serves as a model for examining the evolutionary processes behind the acquisition of virulence in necrotrophs and disease emergence. In this work, we took advantage of a diverse collection of pathogenic Ptr isolates with different global origins and applied short- and long-read sequencing technologies to dissect the Ptr genome. This study provides comprehensive insights into the Ptr genome and highlights its structural organization as an open pangenome with 'one-compartment'. In addition, we identified the potential involvement of transposable elements in genome expansion and the movement of virulence factors. The ability of effector-coding genes to shuffle across chromosomes on large transposons was illustrated by the intraspecies translocation of ToxA and the multi-copy ToxB. In terms of gene contents, the Ptr genome exhibits a large percentage of orphan genes, particularly in non-pathogenic or weakly-virulent isolates.


The concept of light-handed regulation, including light-handed approaches to the regulation of airport services, is discussed. The rationale for the economic regulation of airport services and the traditional approaches used for economic regulation of airport charges are summarized. The evolution of international practice of light-handed regulation is outlined, including the experience with minimal regulation across monopoly industries in New Zealand and the acceptance of "negotiated settlements" in utility industries in North America. General reasons for moving to light-handed regulation of airports include the disadvantages of the price cap approach in practice and the benefits of facilitating greater negotiation between airports and users. Comparisons are made between alternative approaches to light-handed regulation of airport services, including price and quality of service monitoring, information disclosure regulation and negotiate-arbitrate regulation, approaches that have been applied to airport services in Australia and New Zealand. The role and nature of the incentives under each approach are discussed. The chapter concludes that whether light-handed regulation provides a suitable alternative approach to direct regulation depends on the market circumstances and the design characteristics of the light-handed approach.


Summary Intact vascular endothelium provides several anticoagulant mechanisms for the maintenance of blood fluidity and the prevention of thrombosis. High-affinity binding of proteolytic active thrombin to thrombomodulin at the cell surface effectively facilitates the activation of the potent anticoagulant protein C (PC). Rapid inactivation of cell-bound thrombin by antithrombin III (AT III) accelerated by heparin-like structures represents another anticoagulant mechanism. In the present investigation the interference of these two events has been studied. Inhibition of thrombin bound to cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) by AT III and the effect of the inhibitor on the activation of PC has been studied using purified components of bovine origin. Exposure of thrombin (45 nM) with prewashed confluent BAEC-monolayers for 10 min resulted in the binding of 12% thrombin. The subsequent incubation with various concentrations (0.3-2.4 μM) of ATIII revealed no acceleration of the inhibition of thrombin by ATIII at the endothelial cell surface when compared with the uncatalyzed fluid phase reaction. However, heparin added to the reaction mixture substantially increased the inactivation of cell-bound thrombin. Modified ATIII that did not possess heparin cofactor activity presented a comparable inactivation pattern for endothelial cell bound-thrombin as native ATIII indicating that heparin-like structures did not accelerate the interaction. When PC (32 nM) and ATIII (1.8 μM) competed for thrombin bound to BAEC, activation of PC was demonstrated within the initial 6 min of the incubation amounting to 62% of the activated PC formation in the absence of ATIII. Preincubation of BAEC with blocking antibodies against ATIII excluded a possible influence of BAEC-bound ATIII on the capacity of cell-bound thrombin to activate PC. The results suggest that an enhancing mechanism for the inactivation of thrombin by ATIII was not operative at the surfaces of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells, but instead, appreciable amounts of activated PC become generated in the presence of an excess of ATIII.


BETWEEN THE EIGHT SHORT STORIES that William Morris wrote in 1856 and the series of book-length romances begun in 1886 and continued until his death stretches a thirty-year gap. The two groups of fiction exhibit both an idiosyncratic continuity in style and setting and a radical transformation in values and emotional atmosphere, so that to juxtapose them challenges us to measure the imaginative development of a lifetime. While Morris's return to a genre he had apparently experimented with and abandoned is intriguing, even more so is his continuing preoccupation with the problem of reconciling erotic love between individuals with the "fellowship" that unites them to the larger community. The early fiction demonstrates a Romantic conception of erotic love as timeless, transcendent, and essentially private, and expresses a tragic sense of its incompatibility with the material and social conditions of earthly life. But the seeds of change, already perceptible in the tensions within Morris's earliest work, were fostered by the marital, political, and aesthetic experiences of Morris's turbulent middle years. The last romances redefine eros itself as a marriage of natural passion and social commitment, both


AbstractRestoring tidal flow to anthropogenically flow-restricted waterways provides ecological benefits while also changing the flood risk of adjacent lands. Our research evaluated the flooding ri...


Tōru Takemitsu (1930–96), dean of Japanese composers, wrote scores for 100 films. In many cases, he faced the task of giving presence to an unseen, suprahuman force or being. This article deploys musical semiotics and topic theory to examine a gesture I call "distorted iconism," in which an aural resemblance is altered so as to suggest transcendence. I analyze distorted iconism in Takemitsu's film work, looking initially at Kwaidan, Hi-Matsuri, and Woman in the Dunes. In these films, Takemitsu needed to indicate that what we see is insufficient, and used such devices as delayed sonic cues, distorted instrumental sound, and strongly marked static music to create a sacred space in which the unseen and transcendent manifests. I use these examples to set up a close investigation of Ran, in which Takemitsu effects complex layers of meaning that both enrich and subtly contradict the director's vision.


Maintaining a normal competitive environment is the basis of competition policy. The process of identification, analysis and sanctioning of law breaches is very complex. During this process, there are identified the particularities of parties involved and the global situation of the relevant market. Impact factors for the analysis of infringement cases are the effects they produce on the competitive environment as well as on the final consumer. At the same time, the legislation provides for the anticipation of violations through rules for the coordination of actions that could raise the concerns of the competition authorities, before their implementation. Usually, the frequently encountered infringements of competition law regulations are those relating to mergers. This easy way to increase market power is seen as a method of developing competitiveness by companies. Moreover, achieve performance on market is the main objective of companies in business. In this context, often, the economic concentrations made by economical agents infringe the law due to the danger of their effects on the competitive environment, but also because they are not coordinated with the competition authorities before their implementation. The paper presents an analysis of the application of the provisions of the competition law particular to the economic concentrations, their analysis, as Address of the author: Anatolie Caraganciu  firstname.lastname@example.com MENADŽMENT 2018 – MANAGEMENT 2018 Published: May 2018 15 well as the impact of the effects of the economic concentrations on the facilitation or worsening of the sanctions. The case study presents real cases on the Moldovan market.


Newly developed quantum cascade laser spectroscopic instrumentation allows high precision measurements of atmospheric trace gases, including measurements of small fractional (<10-3) changes in stable gases (e.g. N2O), and isotopic ratios (e.g.13CO2/12CO2,13CH4/12CH4).


To solve the imperfect description about commodity's knowledge in e-commerce, this paper focus on the fine grained feature of commodity, proposes fine grained knowledge of commodity including its attributes and attribute categories, and then designs an e-commerce oriented fine-grained commodity ontology meta-model. It turns out that this model meets the practical demands better in the realm of e-commerce.


Mechanical attrition of intermetallic compound TiNi powder was carried out in two different ball mills and as a function of milling temperature. The microstructural changes with milling time were followed by x-ray diffraction, TEM, and DSC. The more energetic Spex shaker mill provided a higher degree of lattice strain and rapidly refined the grain size to the nanometer size regime. Amorphization was observed in the Spex mill with a linear increase in the milling time for amorphization with increasing milling temperature. No amorphization was observed in the less energetic vibratory mill, and the grain size saturated to a constant value of 15 nm after ≥60 h of milling. A critical grain size for the amorphization of 4-5 nm was estimated from the temperature dependent studies in the Spex mill. The grain boundary energy (706 mJ/m^2), estimated from the vibratory mill experiments, and the above critical grain sizes (5 nm) for amorphization were used to calculate the enthalpy supplied by the nanocrystalline grain boundaries. The calculated value of 4.1 kJ/mol was comparable to the measured enthalpy of crystallization of 3.2 kJ/mol. It is concluded that the nanocrystalline grain boundary energy is responsible for driving the crystalline-to-amorphous phase transformation induced by mechanical attrition in TiNi.


The invention concerns a lighting device for creating dynamic atmospheres, said lighting device comprising: at least one light source; the light source being adapted to operate in a plurality of color states, the light source emitting differing colors for each color state; a controller for controlling the color state of the light source; the controller further comprising a random generator to provide a transition between a previous and a subsequent state the controller is adapted to provide the transition based on probabilistic output provided by the random generator implementing a stochastic model, the probabilistic output dependent on at least the previous color state. In addition, a method is provided for generating the stochastic model; and a method for creating dynamic atmospheres based on probabilistic output provided by the stochastic model.


Cation exchange resin was prepared by phosphorylation of cotton linters. The effect of different treatments (alkali or acid) of cotton linters on phosphorylation process was studied. This treatment increases the efficiency of the produced resin toward metal ions uptake (Cu, Fe, Mn. Ni, Pb, Zn). The effect of pH value of metal ion solution on the efficiency of ion exchanger was investigated. The efficiency of the resin toward metal ion uptake was affected by soaking time and weight of resin. Infrared spectroscopy of the cotton linters and its modification was investigated. A new band was seen at wave number 980 cm - 1 and 1194 cm - 1 due to the C-O-P band.


ABSTRACT Purpose: The primary objective of this case series was to get electroretinographic data insubjects with sickle cell disease. The secondary purpose was to identify ocular changes,their frequency and stage of evolution.Methods: 90 patients aged between 8 and 75 years were evaluated. They weresubjected to complete ophthalmological examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy,retinography, angiography and electroretinography. Electroretinograms with ampli-tude of wave b less than 400 mW were considered subnormal. Prevalence study wasconducted using the Chi-square test, P<0.001.Results: The electroretinogram was subnormal in 27 (30%) of 90 patients, but of these,only 4 (4.4%) had proliferative retinopathy. The sign of comma in 95% of individuals, theretinal vascular tortuosity in 36.6% and black sunburst in 24.4% were the mostfrequent changes.Conclusion: No correlation between sickle cell disease and electroretinographics changes,as described in other studies, were noted. On the other hand, the ocular findings corroboratethe previous researches.Keywords: Hemoglobin SC disease; Retina; Retinal diseases; Retinal vessels; Electrore-tinography


Introduction I would like to thank Mike Mele of J. Andrew Lange for arranging my appearance before you, and thanks also to Tony Ziccardo, Rich Lyons and Gary Robinson for the courtesy and hospitality extended to all of us here today. I would also like to thank Dave Redmon of Redmon Engineering in Milwaukee Wisconsin, Gerry Shell of GSEE, Inc in LaVergne Tennessee, and Richard Brenner of the EPA who assisted me with data for this presentation.


(1) LATMOS/IPSL/UVSQ, Velizy, France (firstname.lastname@example.com), (2) LPP, Velizy, France, (3) Institute for Astronomy and Space Physics – IAFE, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina, (4) IRF-Uppsala, Box 537, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden, (5) Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, 715 Van Allen Hall, IA 52242, USA, (6) Space and Atmospheric Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK


In this contribution, a transition-antenna is introduced, which enables the symmetric radiation of dielectric waveguides in the mmWave range. Design considerations as well as the split-block manufacturing technique that utilizes 3D printing and a two step metalization process are presented. Finally, simulation and measurement results, which reveal the component's performance, are discussed in detail.


Aims  To define the number of people in Tayside, Scotland (population 349 303) with Type 2 diabetes who use metformin, the incidence of contraindications to its continued use in these people and the proportion that discontinued metformin treatment following the development of a contraindication.


This research discusses about capital human needs in Central Java Province. The data used involving population number, poor people nutritious index, regional minimum wage, manpower age, income and education with the time range 1995-2001. To analyze capital human needs it. Used Amartye K. Sen formulation model, and to see human resource quality it was used structural similarity approach. The research shows that central Java Province still has serious weakness in capital human needs. This case is shows with capital need and human capital need who has worked whereas; human resource quality is badly influenced by education they have got.


In this paper, we describe our submission to the English-German APE shared task at WMT 2019. We utilize and adapt an NMT architecture originally developed for exploiting context information to APE, implement this in our own transformer model and explore joint training of the APE task with a de-noising encoder.


Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Sustainabilityand Environment, 123 Brown Street, Heidelberg, Vic. 3084, Australia.Email: firstname.lastname@example.com keywords: Australia, climate, estuaries, fish, fisheries, freshwater, impacts, Indo-Pacific, marine.IntroductionThereareworldwideconcernsovertheeffectsofclimatechangeon both environments and human communities, with a need tobetter understand the range of existing and potential impacts.TheEarth'sclimatehaschangedrapidlyinthepastfewdecades(Steffen2009),largelycausedbyhumanactivities(IPCC2007).Climate change is a global problem that will require globalsolutions, and these will take time both to achieve and takeeffect. Until then, there is a need for prioritised managementactionsintheformofspecies-and/orsite-specificadaptationstochanged climatic conditions. Although there is a recognisedneedtousethebestavailablesciencetosupportevidence-basedpolicy and management (Ryder


Aim  The nestedness temperature of presence–absence matrices is currently calculated with the nestedness temperature calculator (NTC). In the algorithm implemented by the NTC: (1) the line of perfect order is not uniquely defined, (2) rows and columns are reordered in such a way that the packed matrix is not the one with the lowest temperature, and (3) the null model used to determine the probabilities of finding random matrices with the same or lower temperature is not adequate for most applications. We develop a new algorithm, BINMATNEST (binary matrix nestedness temperature calculator), that overcomes these difficulties.


Specialty luxury label papers mainly are results from the search for all that stimulates our creativity and senses. They are from papers that awaken the desire to create, as a magnificent mix of texture and colours that elevates luxury packaging to the category of art and a brilliant collection that ultimately shows that luxury packaging really is. In order to achieve the desired complex effect on the customer with its combined impact through the texture, colour of the paper and graphic design for each manufacturer of luxury labels, it is undoubtedly essential to be familiar with the printability of the paper used. The aim of the present work was to study the main properties of the commonly used papers for printing of self-adhesive labels, in view of their printability. It is especially important for the production, as well as for the awareness of the designers working in this field, to know the specifics of these papers, to know the main indicators influencing their printability, to know all the facts allowing the right choice of printing technology and finishing processes. To achieve this goal, various properties of five types of paper have been determined: structural-dimensional, physical-mechanical, capillary-hygroscopic and optical. In addition, with all paper analysis, a printing sample have been made with different types of printing (offset UV, flexo UV, screen, cold foil, hot foil, silk foil) and converting (emboss, laser cutting, laser engraving) techniques. Based on the obtained results, new designer labels for wine have been printed. The results show that there is a clear dependence between the paper composition, its main and specific properties and the quality of the different printing and finishing processes, as well as the overall appearance of the produced labels. The printing and finishing processes have been carried out in Rotoprint Printing House, Bulgaria and the obtained results could give a valuable information not only for the particular printing house, but for other specialists in the field of labels production.


The purpose of this research on Henry David Thoreau's "Walden", discusses its core concept and its educational implications. Thoreau is a well-known 19th century American philosopher and writer. His ideology was greatly influenced by Ralph Waldo Emerson, who represented the founder of Transcendentalists. This ideology believes that people possess the power of self-growth, the potential to raise one's spirit; furthermore, awaken one's individual free will. It seeks ways to overcome a materialized capitalist society, where people pursuit material goods, in the meantime neglected the importance of self-enlightenment and growth. "Walden" is one of Thoreau's most importantly representative works. The content began with Thoreau's departure from his hometown. He then came to Walden Pond where he experienced two years of self-sufficient living. Apart from the description of his daily self-sufficient life in the forest next to the pond, a much more important intention is to awaken his neighbors' (the readers) sleeping souls from their busy life by the posture as a small cock. Thoreau wishes to uses himself as an example to remind the world the possibility of mind regeneration, and face one's life with optimistic and responsible attitude. This research attempts to probe into the study of philosophical education by using Thoreau's literary works. The reason for this is that, the current situation present or the idea convey by literature is vivid and closer to reality, which possesses philosophical values and educational significances worth for future generation to further study. The thinking that implies in Thoreau's "Walden" possesses inspiration towards education, which includes a vision of uncommon school education that breaks the scale of spatial and temporal learning, emphasized the learning goal of self-achievement. It stressed the importance of self-education by teachers and learners; along with diversify alternative education that calls upon a more open educational concept. Through analyzing the core concept of Thoreau's "Walden" and extracting its educational implications, we hope for a vision to broaden the diversification of philosophical education, creating a possible road for a literary based educational research.


In the context of heterogeneous networks and diverse communication devices, real person-to-person communications can be achieved with a universal personal identification (UPI) that uniquely identifies an individual and is independent of the access networks and communication devices. Hierarchical mobility management techniques (MMT) have been proposed to support UPI. Previously proposed profile replication algorithms for improving the performance of such MMT are either threshold-based or off-line. In contrast to an off-line algorithm that assumes perfect knowledge of user calling and mobility statistics, we propose in this paper on-line replication algorithms that decide whether to distribute new replicas or delete existing replicas after serving each request, all based on the input sequence seen so far. The performance of our on-line profile replication algorithms is studied via large scale network simulations.


SOME YEARS AGO, a young American historian undertook the somewhat ghoulish task of unearthing all of the presidential addresses delivered before the American Historical Association during the first fifty years of its existence.' His purpose, in addition to earning the doctorate, was to discover the kinds of issues that confronted the profession during that half century-or, at least, the issues that presidents of the association thought to be of central importance. Occasionally these addresses created a mild stir of interest, and even some discussion; a few endured to be read and reread by later generations, as milestones or monuments of the historiographical enterprise. More commonly, they inspired such comments as that of Carl Becker shortly after the 1936 convention: "I went to Providence for the meeting of the A.H.A.-a terrible crush of about IOOO registrations: difficult to see anyone except by accident.... Mcllwain didn't do himself justice in the Pres. Ad.: but then very few do."2 The history of this particular ritual thus offers at least one warning: those who practice it might do well not to take their pronouncements as the voice of God or the crystallized wisdom of the ages. It may be significant that AHA custom calls on the president to speak ex cathedra not at the outset of his term of office but at the very end, only forty-eight hours before he "passes into history," as the saying goes. By that time it is much too late for him to make promises, to influence the association's future course, or even to be held to answer for his stewardship or for such sophistries as his swan song may contain. He is allowed one Parthian shot-a gesture that no doubt has symbolic value, but that wins few battles, and rarely creates enduring legends. How, then, should one perform this ritual most expeditiously and constructively? Seeking guidance from past practice, I find that presidential addresses seem to fall into one of three broad categories: those that reminisce, in the fashion of "forty years on"; those that embody the fruits of specialized scholarship; and those that seek to advance a cause or convey a message. T he first sort possesses a nostalgic charm and provides the audience with a


PURPOSE: A connection structure of blades is provided to supply an improved connection structure of blades in combining the blades to a rotor disc of a gas turbine, to reduce stress concentration, and to increase the rotational velocity of the gas turbine machine and the temperature of fluid. CONSTITUTION: An improved connection of blades on a rotor disc of a gas turbine includes a root(10) of each blade inserted in a seat of the disc which is complementary to the blade, wherein the root is in the shape of an overturned isosceles triangle, with two sides which converge at a base each having a grooved profile to form a series of teeth(14) and a lower end(16) of the root which is formed by the joined connection of the two lower teeth of the two sides of the root, and the teeth of the root corresponding to grooves in the seat and the lower end of the root corresponding to an end groove in the seat. The series of grooves extends along a line which is inclined relative to an axis of the seat by an angle beta 1 of between 17 and 23 degrees, and the grooves have straight sides with inclinations relative to the axis of the seat of the angle alpha 1 and alpha 2, wherein alpha 1 is between 42 and 48 degrees, whereas alpha 2 is between 94 and 100 degrees.


Fatigue damage and subsequent failure account for the majority of crane structural failure. In this paper, the fatigue damage evolution behavior of low carbon alloy steel Q355B under multi-axial proportional and non-proportional loading is studied. Using the strain field nephogram obtained by digital image correlation, and the indirect damage variable characterized by the unloading stiffness recorded by the tension-torsion composite extensometer, the fatigue damage evolution process is analyzed qualitatively. The fatigue failure process under different loading conditions is uniformly divided into three stages: meso-crack initiation stage, meso-crack propagation (macro-crack initiation) stage, and macro crack propagation stage. According to the damage mechanics, the corresponding turning points at different stages are quantitatively analyzed, and it is found that the damage threshold values corresponding to different loading conditions are different, that is, under the same strain control, the damage threshold values required for non-proportional loading are less than that for proportional loading, and there are differences under different strain control. Based on the damage evolution model and the shear damage model, combined with the test results, it is proved that the damage evolution mode caused by multi-axial non-proportional loading is different from that caused by proportional loading.


ed from the world; mental life has been abstracted from the body and the world; cognitive processes have been modularized and dissociated from one another; brain regions have been dissociated from the complexity of network activity. Through analysis the life, the dynamics of the system, has been frozen to facilitate dissection. We have of course gained a great deal from this approach, but a great deal has also been lost, or at least neglected. The interface of phenomenology and the cognitive sciences, as it manifests in embodied and situated approaches to the study of cognition, addresses those aspects of experience neglected by traditional cognitive sciences. The shift in perspective facilitated by this interface, and the correlative shift in theoretical orientation, draws attention to the neglected aspects of the mind-body-world system. The insights of


Our previous investigations evidently show that synchronous observation of global atmosphere and lithosphere disturbances by means of 130-1,600 km spatially distributed precise instruments is the effective method of detecting precursors of large seismic events and other dangerous natural phenomena. This study expands the spatial range of our search up to 7,000-8,000 km and allows regional and global disturbances to be shared.


CAR-T technology as a kind of immunotherapy,from the earliest generation of the first to the current fourth generation,its cytotoxic,anti-tumor immune effect greatly enhanced,but also challenged by safety issues.It shows a certain advantage in the therapy of Hepatocellular carcinoma.It indicates that the era of precise individualized liver cancer treatment,immune therapy,especially CAR-T technology combined with surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,local treatment and other comprehensive treatment will play a more powerful role.


The invention relates to a method for preparing a copper-indium-gallium-selenium thin film. The method is characterized in that: a copper-indium-gallium-selenium single-target magnetron sputtering and selenized annealing process is used. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a Mo target and a CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2 target in a magnetron sputtering cavity; sputtering double-layer Mo by using a direct-current power supply; sputtering a copper-indium-gallium-selenium prearranged layer by using a radio frequency power supply; and performing selenized annealing on the prearranged layer in a tubular furnace by using an elemental Se source in an Ar airflow so as to obtain the copper-indium-gallium-selenium thin film. The copper-indium-gallium-selenium thin film has a chalcopyrite phase structure and can be used as a light absorbing layer of a thin film solar cell. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process and low cost, contributes to environmental friendliness and is suitable for large-area preparation.


The commonly used cuing agent for the poor subgrade soil in highway engineering is cement. This article analyzes the improvement mechanism of stabilized soil and change of physical and mechanical property and points out the defect of cement curing agent.It suggests to research and develop new and effective soil improvement material and discusses its improvement mechanism in depth.


Carbon dioxide sequestration is crucial for targets limiting global warming could be achieved. This paper discloses results of an investigation concerning the performance of fly ash/waste glass alkaline-based mortars with two additives and recycled aggregates exposed to accelerated carbon dioxide curing. Mechanical properties as well as water absorption, drying shrinkage and carbon sequestration potential were studied on it. The results show that the mixtures with calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide concentration of 8 M leads to the highest compressive strength (10 MPa) which is high enough for the production of masonry blocks. Significant correlations between the flexural strength and the compressive strength were noticed. The mixtures show a low water absorption by immersion (9%) as well as by capillary (1.4 kg/m H). The results of the modulus of elasticity show that increasing the sodium hydroxide molarity increased the stiffness of the mixtures. The results of drying shrinkage are in line with the results of the capillary water absorption and of the elastic modulus. A maximum CO2 sequestration (164 kgCO2eq/m) is noticed for the mixture with a sodium concentration of 8 M based on the additive calcium hydroxide.


In recent years, under the influence of the upsurge of rural tourism, some Jiarong Tibetan villages are facing the dilemma of losing the color of environmental characteristics. In order to maintain the regional color personality of Jiarong Tibetan village and deepen the local understanding of the environmental color of Jiarong Tibetan village, this paper expounds the impression of environmental color of Jiarong Tibetan village, and taking Ganbao Tibetan Village in Lixian County as an example, deeply analyzes the causes of the environmental color of Ganbao Tibetan village from three dimensions: the influence of natural conditions, the gestation of local materials and the expression of inner belief. On this basis, it quantitatively analyzes the main color tone of Ganbao Tibetan village and the color attribute values of Riyue Square.


With the reform and development of information technology, new media has been widely used in various fields, the impact on people's daily lives is more and more big, the current application of Chinese universities in the information communication technology began a period of rapid development, new media constantly in class management in Colleges and universities in the dominant position, the traditional college class management mode has a great impact. Therefore, based on the analysis of existing class management under the background of new media in the problems, puts forward corresponding solving strategies on how to correctly use the new media technology in class management, hoping to provide a reference for the further improvement of class management level.


Study was Initiated to evaluate the effects of removal of Chir pine needles from the forest floor of 57 years old Pinus roxburghii plantation at the Champion Block. F.R I, Dehra Dun. Data collected for the first year reveal that maximum (83%) needle fall did occur during pre-monsoon period followed by monsoon months (12%), dry months (4%) and post monsoon months (1%). The moisture content in the needles, recorded was 5.5% for pre-monsoon needle fall, 6.0% for monsoon fall, 27.3% for dry period and 39.9% for post monsoon fall. Approximately 10.79% metric ton/ha of needles were shed during the year. This litter fall contained about 113 kg/ha of N., 15 kg/ha of P, 35 kg/ha of K, 65 Kr/ha of Ca, 22 kg/ha of Mg and 338 kg of ash/ha. No significant change in soil properties has been noticed at present due to removal of needles. The observation in this regard is continuing.


The solvent 1,4-dioxane behaves like a polar solvent even though its dielectric constant is small. This excess polarity is referred to as the "dioxane anomaly". Several explanations of this anomaly have been offered in the literature including hydrogen bonding, conformational polarity, and quadrupolar interactions. We have investigated the origins of this anomaly by employing the unique photochemical properties of the ADMA (1-(9-anthryl)-3-(4-dimethylaniline) propane) molecule. ADMA forms an intramolecular exciplex in the excited state. Solvent polarity governs the mechanism of exciplex formation. In nonpolar solvents the decay of the locally excited-state population is monoexponential, while in polar solvents (e > 5.4) the decay of the locally excited-state population is biexponential. Although dioxane has a dielectric constant of 2.2, ADMA dissolved in dioxane exhibits biexponential kinetics. From this result and from the solvatochromic shift of the ADMA exciplex peak in dioxane, we have concluded that ...


Abstract Marine mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) coatings show excellent hydrophilicity and substrate-independent adhesion ability, but low stability, especially in a harsh environment such as strong acid or strong base, significantly restricts their applications. In this work, we prepare a novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic coating based on a modified PDA. Diglycidyl resorcinol ether (DGRE) polyethyleneimine (PEI) and iron ions were incorporated into PDA to strengthen the cross-linking and coating durability. By using three chemically inert hydrophobic membranes, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly(vinylidene fluoride), and polypropylene, as substrates, we showed that PDA/PEI/DGRE-coated membranes had a water contact angle (CA) of 0° and underwater oil CA above 157°, and their underwater oil SAs were <7°. The coating is durable against both physical and chemical damages including ultrasound and heat treatments, as well as acid/alkaline etching. After ultrasound treatment in water for 60 min, and heating treatment for 3 h, or acid/alkaline etching for 3 h, the coated PTFE membrane still showed water CAs of ∼0° in air and underwater oil CAs of ∼150°. The coated membranes can efficiently separate oil-in-water emulsions, even in strong acid and base environments. The water flux was above 1500 L m−2 h−1, and the oil rejection was above 99%.


We present a phase-space formulation of quantum cosmology in terms of theWigner distribution functions, which are useful for statistical descriptions ofthe quantum states of the Universe. Using a conformal formulation of fieldtheory in curved space we derive a set of Wheeler-DeWitt-Vlasov equations and ageneralized mass-shell condition satisfied by the Wigner functions up to thesecond adiabatic order. For minisuperspaces with diagonal metric and potentialsof one variable, we find approximate solutions to these equations and exactsolutions for the Bianchi type-II universe as an example. They all possess thecorrect classical limits.


Infrastructure‐as‐a‐Service cloud providers always charge users in 2 ways: on‐demand billing and reservation billing with different discounts. On‐demand billing is more flexible for short‐term use but with higher cost, while reservation billing is much cheaper for long renting period but may cause inefficiency because of underutilized capacity. As middle agent, cloud broker always tries to reserve a large number of virtual machine (VM) instances from cloud providers to meet the requirement of all users, while making high profit through reducing its cost by leveraging long‐term reservations and time‐multiplexing of instances. Different from existing work, we believe that the rental time of each user's request should be served consecutively in one VM instance, rather than partitioned into different VM instances by cloud broker to enhance time‐multiplexing ratio. In this paper, we first try to smooth users' unordered and time‐overlapping requests using demand graph, based on which we propose two reservation algorithms for cloud broker, one for off‐line and the other for online. We also consider cloud broker with multiple service providers, finding that much more cost can be saved by leveraging the various reservation discounts of those providers. Extensive simulations have been done on the traces from real cloud platforms. Experiment results show that the broker cost can be substantially saved using our off‐line and online algorithms.


Renewable Energies (RE) are considered as an important alternative sources of energy for the generation of electricity such as hydrogen and photovoltaic energies. To ensure an efficient photovoltaic energy conversion several Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been developed to incite the PV field to deliver maximum power. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative study of two classical MPPT algorithms against the Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based one under hypothetical and realistic atmospheric conditions. The suggested algorithms are Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, Incremental of Conductance (IC) algorithm and Fuzzy Logic based Incremental Conductance (FL-IC). After the PV verification under hypothetical conditions such as slow and fast irradiance variations, the effectiveness of those numerous methods are evaluated in terms of stability, robustness and rapidity considering one-year realistic atmospheric irradiance data for Bouzareah region. Through MatlabTM-simulation results, the superiority of the FL-IC over other both classical algorithms is highlighted.


We use a recently developed technique, which allows to perfo rm ew Lanczos steps on a given wavefunction even for large system sizes, to investigate the t−J model in the physical parameter region and to check the stabi lity of the BCS d-wave variational wavefunction [1]. Our statistical L anczos algorithm, which extends and improves the one Lanczos step proposed in R ef. [2], has been extensively tested on the small L = 18 sites cluster where many Lanczos iterations can be performed exactly. In this case, at doping δ ∼ 10% the BCS wavefunction represents a very good initial state to ach ieve extremely accurate energies and correlation functions with few Lancz os iterations. For large sizes ( L ≤ 98) the behavior is similar: the low-energy d-wave order parameterPd is weakly affected by a couple of Lanczos iterations in the lo w doping δ ∼ 10% region, whereas the energy is considerably lowered. As a further test of our calculation we have computed the varianc e of the Hamiltonian ∆Ep = (〈Ĥ 〉− 〈Ĥ〉)/L on the BCS wavefunction with p = 0, 1, 2 Lanczos steps. For largep, when the Lanczos algorithm converges to the exact ground state, the variance vanishes exponentially with increasin g p. The remarkable reduction of the variance, observed for p = 1, 2 Lanczos steps even for the largest lattice size considered, suggests a smooth and rapi convergence to the exact ground state. These results support the existence of o ff-diagonal long-range d-wave superconducting order in the two-dimensional t−J model.


This report summarizes the observing activities at the Sheshan station (SESHAN25) in 2012. It includes international VLBI observations for astrometry, geodesy, and astrophysics and domestic observations for satellite tracking. We also report on updates and on development of the facilities at the station.


A literature review shows a serious lack of information on the use of shelterbelts for wood production, but there is widespread historical evidence that, in several countries, they have been either mismanaged, or unmanaged, and have thus tended to fall into disrepute. What evidence there is indicates that timber can be produced from shelterbelts without detriment to their shelter value and that yields in both volume and value can exceed those from forest stands, provided that proper management is applied and that the produce is efficiently marketed. In view of the potential importance of this source of timber in New Zealand (estimates of likely areas for the whole country lie between 300 OOO and 740 OOO ha) there is clearly a need for further research: first, to determine volume yields and timber values; secondly, to confirm silvicultural practices; and thirdly, to elucidate the whole question of shelter on hilly pastoral land, where firm information is almost totally lacking.


The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron, CS, is an isochronous 3-sector compact machine with a wide massenergy range of heavy ions: beams from protons to lead from 10 to 80 AMeV have been delivered for the past 20 years. However, the extracted current density does not exceed the tenth of enA, corresponding to a beam power of 100 W. Recently, the demand to increase the beam intensity of light ion of a factor 10 to 100 was posed by nuclear physicists. A feasibility study proved a new mode of extraction by stripping would allow for an extraction efficiency of 99% and consequently a high intensity provided by the cyclotron. Here the design of the actual central region as well as the feasibility study of the new extraction for this range of ions is presented. It emerges that the present cryostat is not compatible with the new extraction geometry; therefore, a new cryostat has to replace the present one.


Abstract Stabilization treatment of soil is considered a cost-effective option for reducing the mobility and availability of heavy metal contaminants. To date, only a few studies have focused on si...


Although not a well-known figure either in educational or South Carolina history, John Eldred Swearingen had a profound impact on the schools of the Palmetto State. Guiding the schools to transition from 19th-century academies to 20th-century schools, Swearingen held office from 1907–1922. During these years, Swearingen oversaw unprecedented legislation impacting attendance, funding, and curriculum. Swearingen's stance on African American education was unlike many of his contemporaries—he used a variety of methods to improve education and raiseconsciousness amongst his White politician counterparts. All of these facts would make him a worthy subject of biographical study; however, that he achieved all these things while blind makes his life and career all the more worthy. Almost as overlooked as Swearingen's contributions to South Carolina is the role the state played in the Brown v. Board of Education decision via the Briggs v. Eliott case. Drawing from Swearingen's own words, the papers of his contemporaries, and both legal and historical analysis of the involved legal cases to present an overview of both Swearingen and Briggs, this article argues that without Swearingen's visionary leadership—or if he had not been undone politically—the road to Briggs would have been quite different—if it existed at all.


This work reports the synthesis of lead molybdate (PMO) nanoparticles via simple facile microwave assisted method and their characterization. The prepared product was characterized using different characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction, FT-Raman, SEM, UV–vis spectrophotometer. Also, the dielectric and electrical properties of synthesized nanoparticles studied by electrical characterization unit. The grown nanoparticles showed the scheelite type tetragonal structure along (112) plane with single phase and space group I41/a. Raman spectrum of grown PMO nanoparticles shows 6 vibrational peaks which confirm the formation of structurally ordered material. Absorbance spectra shows high absorbance in visible region and value of direct and indirect band gaps are estimated to be ∼2.87 and 2.69 eV, respectively. Dielectric constant and loss is decreases with increase in frequency. The ac conductivity increases with the increase in frequency. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared sample was investigated in decolourization reaction of methyl green as a model compound under the illumination of visible light. Results show that PMO is a promising photocatalyst compared to the commercially available semiconductors and the photocatalytic activity is about 12 times higher than commercial semiconductors.


A method of increasing the useful dynamic range of an ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) or an IMS-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) device is provided. The method includes accumulating a first sample of ions over a first time interval 5311 and providing the first sample of ions to an ion detector to provide a first frame. Accumulating a second sample of ions over a second time interval, where the second time interval is different than the first time interval, and providing the second sample of ions to the ion detector to provide a second frame. First data points of the first frame 5317 are selectively combined with second data points of the second frame to provide an accumulation frame of the first and second samples of ions.


The Upper Ziz basin located in the southeast of Morocco, has a total area of 4,351 km 2 . The surface water feeds El Hassan Addakhil dam, which insures water supply for the downstream cities of Errachidia, Rissani, Erfoud and others along the Ziz valley. This study aimed to evaluate the availability of water resources in this basin known by its arid climate and strong climatic changes. Several global hydrological models at different times were used to simulate the discharge at the outlet. The Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) method has been used to reduce the average rainfall and the temperature to predict future climate change related to various Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios such as RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The results of the hydrologic models are available, with an NSE of 0.8 for the monthly model during calibration and 0.77 at validation. Future precipitation shows an increasing trend in both scenarios. As for future mean temperature, it will recognize great seasonal variability, such as warming winter and spring and cooling summer and autumn. As a result, simulated future discharge will decrease by 26% under RCP 4.5 and by 24% under RCP 8.5 in the near future.


The aim of the present research is to assess the developmental pattern of the metacognitive knowledge of attention in Italian primary school students. Data were collected from 95 pupils divided into two age groups: the first (6–8 years) and second primary school cycles (8–10 years). The children were asked to perform two specific thematic drawings on attention vs inattention in the school context. The drawings were coded on the basis of the Children's Awareness of Attention through Drawing, consisting of five scales which explore the behavioural, pragmatic, cognitive, emotional and social awareness of attention. The analysis of the thematic drawings reveals that from the early years of primary school, children are aware of some components of attention: behavioural awareness, pragmatic awareness and social awareness. Other components are instead acquired as of the age of eight.


Theoretical stability derivatives are determined for a slender missile through use of the concept of inertia coefficients of its cross section. The inertia coefficients are determined by the velocity potentials for two-dimensional motion of the cross section in two mutually perpendicular directions and for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the cross section. The inertia coefficients are derived for the cross section of a configuration consisting of a slender body of revolution with low aspect ratio wings and unequal vertical tails.


The most frequently used molecular biology methods are described in this work. PCR method is the most common used method in this field. The aim of the practical part was to optimise the PCR method for the detection of Salmonella and E. coli. The effect of annealing temperature on PCR was observed. Parallel detection of Salmonella and E. coli was carried out by multiplex PCR method. Based on these results the multiplex PCR method was applied to chicken meat and chicken skin samples. DNA was recovered from artificially inoculated samples by boiling in PCR buffer. Use of this procedure in combination with multiplex PCR method is suitable method for parallel detection of Salmonella and E. coli.


Flaxseed has been consumed by people for a very long time due to its nutritional value and medicinal applications. In India, flaxseed is used for both culinary and medicinal reasons. About 45% of alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA), 28%–30% protein, and 35% fiber are present in flaxseeds. The finest source of omega‐3 fatty acids for those who do not consume seafood is flaxseed. Flaxseeds have lignin, of which primary lignan is secoisolariciresinol diglycoside, with low amounts of isolariciresinol, lariciresinol, pinoresinol, and matairesinol. Flaxseed is probably safe for most grown‐ups. The daily number of bowel movements may increase if flaxseed is included in the diet. Additionally, it may result in side effects such as gas, bloating, stomach pain, and nausea. Higher dosages are probably going to cause more secondary effects. Due to the nutritional profile of flaxseeds, they exhibit various health benefits which include; improving cardiac health, improving brain development, improving skin health, improving gut health, maintaining blood sugar level, reducing the risk of renal diseases, and several types of cancers. The purpose of this study is to provide a general overview of the nutritional profile, health benefits, value‐added products, and toxicity of flaxseeds.


of this problem, "animal models in psychiatry" is included in the section on "Biology of Depression," a review of animal models is absent from the section on "Biology of Schizophrenia," and two of the four chapters in the "Biology of Anxiety" section review animal models. Also, the quality of the chapters varies noticeably in this book. In contrast to many chapters written with depth and clarity, others appear sketchy or even poorly written. Although generally skeptical about the utility of purchasing expensive scientific books that rapidly become outdated, I wanted to own this text in order to insure continued access to the many useful reviews that it contains. In addition, it is one of very few books that I recommend to psychiatry residents interested in clinical neuroscience. Despite its flaws, Psychopharmacology: The Third Generation of Progress is clearly an important contribution to neuroscience and psychiatry.


Objective: To develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines. Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase C18 column Inertsil ODS C18 column (250X4.6 mm×5µ) mobile phase consisting of mixed phosphate buffer (pH 4.5; KH 2 PO 4 +K 2 HPO 4 ):methanol: acetonitrile in the proportion of 30:50:20 v/v. The mobile phase was set at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and the volume injected was 20μl for every injection. The detection wavelength was set at 271 nm. Results: The developed method resulted in Metronidazole eluting at 2.92 min and Nalidixic acid at 3.99 min. Metronidazole exhibited linearity in the range 30-70μg/ml, while Nalidixic acid exhibited linearity in the range 45-105μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviations of 0.714% for Metronidazole and 0.398% for Nalidixic acid. Percentage Mean recoveries were found to be in the range of 98‐102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) for Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid were found to be 2.48µg/ml and 2.24µg/ml respectively, while limit of quantitiation (LOQ) for Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid were found to be 7.51µg/ml and 6.79µg/ml respectively. Conclusion : A simple, accurate, precise, linear and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets and validated as per ICH guidelines. Hence it can be used for the routine analysis of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets in various pharmaceutical industries.


In order to improve the recognition rate of face,a new face recognition method is proposed based on histogram oriented gradient and discriminative multi-manifold.Firstly,the face image is divided into several patches and the patches are processed by histogram oriented gradient to form an image set.Secondly,discriminative multi-manifold is used to select the features,and least squares support vector machine is used to establish the classifier to recognized the face.Finally,the simulation experiments are carried out to test the performance on Yale and AR face data set.The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the recognition rate and recognition speed compared with traditional face recognition methods,and has well robust for face recognition in illumination and pose conditions.


The exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control schemes have been proven to be very effective at monitoring random shifts or disturbances in a given process. However, EWMA is somewhat insensitive to the shifts at the process startup. Consequently, fast initial response feature (FIR) or headstart has often been used to increase the sensitivity of EWMA at the process startup. Although FIR feature significantly increases the sensitivity of the EWMA at the startup, its effects diminished after few observations thereby making FIR‐based schemes less sensitive compared to the classical EWMA at the process post‐startup. In this paper, we proposed the dynamic generalized fast initial response for the EWMA control schemes for monitoring processes with startup and post‐startup problems. The proposed scheme is highly sensitive at the startup and has a sensitivity equal to that of the classical EWMA at the process post‐startup. The average run length based performance comparisons of the proposed chart and its counterparts are presented. Real‐life examples are offered to demonstrate the applications of the proposed scheme.


Concurrent 20 (ENG) – Multisensory learning strategies for children with Dyslexia
This presentation will focus on the theoretical underpinnings of the multisensory brain and why multisensory learning strategies work for children with dyslexia. A hands-on session will then focus on the multisensory learning strategies (best practices) for children with dyslexia.

Interactive 5 – Membantu kanak-kanak Disleksia
English - In this interactive session, a presentation will be made during the Q & A session about the importance of advocacy, early identification and intervention, and methods for helping children with disleksia.


Objectives: The present study was carried out in order to examine the efficacy of schema therapy in the treatment of women with Generalized Anxiety disorder (GAD). Method: Three women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) were selected using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) based on disorders axis I. Subjects were selected using purposeful sampling, and underwent the treatment process subsequent to obtaining treatment requirements. Multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. The treatment program was carried out for 20 weekly sessions, with a follow-up period of 3 months subsequent to treatment termination. Subjects completed Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Worry Domain Questionnaire (WDQ) and Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ). Results: Results showed that schema therapy is significantly efficient on treatment's target. Conclusion: Schema therapy has appropriate efficacy in the treatment of women suffering


Egyptian women who have been beaten by their spouse are less likely than other women to use modern contraceptives or to have received professional prenatal care during their last pregnancy according to an analysis of data from the 1995 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). When compared with women who reported no domestic violence those reporting that they had ever been beaten by their husband were significantly less likely to have received prenatal care when pregnant with their last child (odds ratio 0.2). Moreover women reporting three or more incidents of abuse in the past year were significantly less likely than those reporting one or two incidents to be current users of female contraceptives (0.5). Analyses were based on 6566 currently married women aged 15-49 who completed the womens status module of the DHS as well as the main questionnaire. Participants provided data on their socioeconomic and demographic characteristics; knowledge attitudes and practice regarding family planning; access to health information and services; and attitudes related to domestic violence and family planning. Information was also collected on their husbands and on couple dynamics. In addition women were asked whether they had been beaten since they were married who had perpetrated the violence and how many times they had been beaten in the past year. The researchers examined whether women had received prenatal care for the last child born in the past 12 months; the average number of prenatal visits during that pregnancy (1-3 vs. four or more); and current use of female contraceptives. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify relationships between womens experience of domestic violence and use of prenatal care and contraceptives. (excerpt)


We use successive datasets from the U.K. Family Expenditure Survey to estimate a closed form consumption function for households facing uncertain future income. The closed form is derived from a model of absolute risk aversion modified to reflect differences in consumers' circumstances (quasi-relative risk aversion). Proper adjustment is made for demographic effects. Plausible estimates for the intertemporal substitution parameter are found. However an encompassing test shows that a naive Keynesian model has some residual explanatory power.


A graph spanner is a fundamental graph structure that faithfully preserves the pairwise distances in the input graph up to a small multiplicative stretch. The common objective in the computation of spanners is to achieve the best-known existential size-stretch trade-off efficiently.
Classical models and algorithmic analysis of graph spanners essentially assume that the algorithm can read the input graph, construct the desired spanner, and write the answer to the output tape. However, when considering massive graphs containing millions or even billions of nodes not only the input graph, but also the output spanner might be too large for a single processor to store.
To tackle this challenge, we initiate the study of local computation algorithms (LCAs) for graph spanners in general graphs, where the algorithm should locally decide whether a given edge $(u,v) \in E$ belongs to the output spanner. Such LCAs give the user the `illusion' that a specific sparse spanner for the graph is maintained, without ever fully computing it. We present the following results:
-For general $n$-vertex graphs and $r \in \{2,3\}$, there exists an LCA for $(2r-1)$-spanners with $\widetilde{O}(n^{1+1/r})$ edges and sublinear probe complexity of $\widetilde{O}(n^{1-1/2r})$. These size/stretch tradeoffs are best possible (up to polylogarithmic factors).
-For every $k \geq 1$ and $n$-vertex graph with maximum degree $\Delta$, there exists an LCA for $O(k^2)$ spanners with $\widetilde{O}(n^{1+1/k})$ edges, probe complexity of $\widetilde{O}(\Delta^4 n^{2/3})$, and random seed of size $\mathrm{polylog}(n)$. This improves upon, and extends the work of [Lenzen-Levi, 2018].
We also complement our results by providing a polynomial lower bound on the probe complexity of LCAs for graph spanners that holds even for the simpler task of computing a sparse connected subgraph with $o(m)$ edges.


Figure 2: Average z-score of the top 5 correlation coeff. in left motor cortex, right motor cortex used as the seed region a) The constant-time experiment with 5 combinations of (TR, Ntp). Solid line is the fit to the equation y=c√Ntp, c is a constant). b) The constant Ntp experiment with 5 combinations of (TR, Acq. time). Temporal Resolution in Resting State Time-series Acquisitions for Functional Connectivity Mapping


Differential interactions between six crisphead cultivars of lettuce and five isolates of lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) have identified a novel resistance factor in the cultivar Ithaca. The LMV isolates could be grouped into three pathotypes, two of which have not been identified previously. One of these, pathotype III represented by an isolate from Spain, was virulent on all of the cultivars. There were differences in aggressiveness between isolates of the same pathotype.


The utilization of 4351 bp from five gene regions (nrDNA, petNpsbM, trnD-trnT, trnL-trnF, trnS-trnG) was sufficient to accurately identify an unknown juniper species from Duval County, TX as J. pinchotii. Bayesian, Maximum Likelihood, Parsimony, and NJ analyses were equally adept in identifying the juniper, but UPGMA was barely able to identify it and Minimum Linkage was equivocal. A robust phylogeny of the serrate-leaf junipers of North America is presented as a consequence of the study. Phytologia 93(2): 146-154 (August 1, 2011).


We applied deep UV attenuated phase shift masks (PSMs) to the quarter micron level contact hole pattern layer of a DRAM. There were two different hole sizes: 0.26 micrometer hole in the memory cell region, and 0.35 micrometer in the peripheral circuit region. We examined two methods to reduce the side lobe effects in the peripheral circuit region. The first method was a chrome (Cr) shield method: the peripheral circuit region was covered by Cr. The second method was a mask bias method: large mask bias was added to contact hole patterns in memory cells. Both methods sufficiently reduced the side lobe effect in the peripheral circuit region.


Free-running means for starting devices of internal combustion engines, associated with one of the starter device, cup-shaped follower which has a pot edge and a pot bottom, said pot edge by means of clamping pieces with one of the internal combustion engine cooperates associated hub, characterized in that the pot edge (16) at least in the region of the clamping pieces (25) having no mechanical connection to the pot base (14, 14 ').


The environmental issues became very important to the organizations, influencing the business image perceived by the consumers and the society. Thus, the world class enterprises must not only accomplish the environmental laws but also to face the environmental preservation as a competitive advantage. This is true because most of the new international trade restrictions regard the quantity of waste generated in the manufacture process of an end product. At the same time, it is very hard to a business company to evaluate by the traditional economic models the benefits brought by a "correct" environmental policy adopted by the enterprise. The traditional economic models try to measure every data in terms of money, and this approach, sometimes, is not the most adequate to deal with certain complex issues. The Operational Research is an example of these traditional approaches that fail in the handling in issues where human component is essential, like the environmental problems. This dissertation intends to use a Multicriteria Decision Aid Methodology to support the decision of the choice of a combustible to feed boilers taking account not only economical issues but also environmental ones. The model showed in this dissertation was developed in a Textile Enterprise that concerns with the atmospheric emissions generated by the boilers operation. Then, the combustible alternative that will be chosen must reduce the company atmospheric emissions.


The 9.5-hour decay of Ga and the 5.1-minute decay of Cu/sup 66/ were studied by a variety of techniques including gamma-ray spectroscopy, internal conversion measurements, and angular correlation studies. All but one of the 18 gamma rays observed were ordered into a structure of 11 levels and the spins and parities of all but one of these levels were determined. It is shown that Ga/sup 66/ has spin zero and even parity and that its 4.168-Mev ore resistant t spectrum is a pure Fermi transition. The energy of the internal conversion line of the 4.300 combination rat 0.005 Mev transition was measured with great care and this line may be useful for spectrometer calibration. The second excited state of Zn/sup 66/, at 1.875 Mev, has 2+ spin and parity. The stopover transition from this state contains at least 10% M1 radiation: the stopover to crossover ratio is greater than 100 to 1. (auth)


Mobile teamwork has become an emerging requirement in the daily business of large enterprises. Employees collaborate across locations and need support while they are on the move. Business documents (artifacts) and expertise need to be shared independent of the actual location or connectivity (e.g., access through a mobile phone, laptop, Personal Digital Assistant, etc.) of employees. Although many collaboration tools and systems exist, most do not deal with new requirements such as locating artifacts and experts through distributed searches, advanced information subscription and notification, and mobile information sharing and access. The MOTION service architecture that we have developed supports mobile teamwork by taking into account the different connectivity modes of users, provides access support for various devices such as laptop computers and mobile phones, and uses XML meta-data and the XML Query Language (XQL) for distributed searches and subscriptions. In this paper, we describe the architecture and the components of our generic MOTION service platform for building collaborative applications. The MOTION Teamwork Services Components are currently being evaluated in two industry case-studies.