Experimental amplification of 10-ns pulses to energy of 1 J at repetition rate of 10-100 Hz in cryogenic multipass total-reflection active-mirror (TRAM) amplifier is reported for the first time. By using a monolithic multi-TRAM, which is a YAG ceramic composite with three thin Yb:YAG active layers, efficient energy extraction was achieved without parasitic lasing. A detailed measurement of output characteristics of the laser amplifier is presented; results are discussed and compared with numerical calculations.


The volume small-sized elements for the erection of bearing and enclosing walls of buildings are described. A feature of the proposed products is the possibility of their laying in a dry way without the use of mortars. The variants of the arrangement of the elements are given in the case of abutting the transverse walls, as well as in the corners of the building.


This arlicle introduces the commissioning and operation of cooling box and expander in China Blue Chemical Ltd. Some transformation measures are proposed.


METHODOLOGY Every two years, RI high school students participate in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). The YRBS is a sample survey examining the major causes of disease and injury morbidity and mortality. The YRBS asks the following question: "Which of the following best describes you? 1) heterosexual; 2) lesbian or gay; 3) bisexual, or 4) not sure." Student responses are parsed into two categories, those indicating either #1 (heterosexual), or #s 2 or 3 (lesbian, gay or bisexual). Fourteen risk measures are examined, relating to mental health, violence, tobacco, drugs and alcohol, and sexual activity. Each measure is a negative indicator, so lower values are preferred. As the YRBS is a sample survey, two years of data (2011 and 2013) are combined to yield samples of sufficient size (>100) to be statistically representative of the LGB cohort. All the differences in values presented here (between LGB and heterosexual students) are statistically significant at the 95% confidence level.


For keeping salt safe,this paper presents a tracking and traceability system.It achieves the system with Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) technology,and RFID is used to collect data for tracking and tracing function.The system can automatically collect,store data,and display in a good way.Experimental results show that this system can manage salt efficiently,conveniently and stably and keep salt product safety.


ABSTRACT The progression from prescription opioid (RXO) abuse to RXO addiction is not well understood in adolescents, nor is the progression from RXO addiction to heroin abuse. The purpose of this pilot study was to characterize the development of RXO drug abuse, RXO drug addiction, and heroin abuse in a small cohort of adolescents recovering from opioid addiction at Massachusetts Recovery High Schools (RHS). A self-report questionnaire was administered to 31 adolescent, former RXO abusers across two Massachusetts RHS. RXO abuse was primarily initiated due to curiosity; RXOs were initially obtained through illicit and licit methods. Fifty-eight percent (N = 18) of the RXO abusers became addicted to RXOs. Many addicted adolescents initiated RXO abuse under the influence of marijuana, yet believed that they became addicted due to the stress from difficult life situations. A subgroup indicated they abused and became addicted to RXOs that had been obtained from legitimate prescriptions due to their pain. Sixteen percent (N = 5) of the sample abused heroin. Most heroin abusers (4/5) were addicted to RXOs prior to onset of heroin use. Heroin abusers indicated that they considered using heroin after they began tampering with RXOs. A portion of the sample felt that abuse deterrent formulations (ADFs) would have reduced their RXO use. This pilot study discovered areas where further research could be targeted, such as drug combinations, adolescent coping mechanisms, adolescent pain management, and the use of ADFs to disrupt the transition from RXO addiction to heroin use.


We report here on an experiment in which picosecond electron pulses, produced by a compact radiation frequency (rf) electron gun, were used to excite a rectangular waveguide, generating 5 ps pulses of radiation with a bandwidth of ∼200 GHz. The interaction of the electron pulses with the waveguide can be modeled quite simply by performing a harmonic expansion of the pulse train produced by the electron gun and employing Poynting's theorem to compute the power coupled into the modes of the waveguide by each harmonic. The resulting model for the distribution of spectral power yields good agreement with the observed spectrum.


Introduction: the body in philosophy and theories of representation. The rim and the abject shielding and sprawling garments the collective body - fashion, history, commodites surface/depth - dress and the mask clothes in art - painting in and out of the frame.


The linear textual displays of printed dictionaries and their unimaginative translations to electronic form limit the use of modern visualisation techniques on dictionary content. This problem is made worse by the disembodied nature of computer interfaces. This project has attempted to not only store the lexical database with an improved structure, but to make this information accessible to the user in an interactive, customisable way. In the creation of a computer interface, this research has investigated various aspects of delivering information about a language via a dictionary, these include: multimedia; hypertext linkages; note-taking facilities; advanced search capabilities for effective information access and illustrating the network of words and their interrelationships with an animated, laid out graph. This broad ranging functionality had particular importance for the electronic dictionary's development for the Warlpiri language – an Aboriginal language of Central Australia. While the focus has been on the user interface, a well-structured dictionary, supplemented by corpus-processing techniques facilitates this functionality. By making this representation interactive and letting user adjust the amount of information and customise its display, an understanding of other words in the language is encouraged. Such a synthesis of a rich lexical database and its visual representation better facilitates an enjoyable and more importantly, an informative dictionary experience. I have been fortunate to have two very dedicated supervisors working with me this year. I would like to sincerely thank Dr. Chris Manning for his enthusiasm, advice and inspiration throughout this thesis. His efforts in converting the format of the Warlpiri dictionary saved me a lot of time to progress with other areas. I am also grateful to Dr. Nitin Indurkhya for his continued encouragement and feedback from the time he suggested this thesis topic to me, to the printing of this final draft. Thank you, also to the researchers in the 'dictionaries' group in the linguistics Department, for their assistance with Warlpiri and their creative suggestions for the software. Finally, sincere thanks to my family for their support, including my Mother Christine, for proofreading my writing and my younger Brother Matthew for eagerly testing my code.


Any multinational seeking to build a strong base in China will inevitably confront the question of how 'local' an approach to adopt, particularly when it comes to management. Foreign firms active in Asia's biggest market have pursued a wide variety of strategies, from flying in supervisors from head office for a transition period to train up local staff, to instituting a permanent expatriate management layer.


Abstract : The substantial use of database technology in the collection and dissemination of information for naval tactical systems requires extensive data administration support. The Naval Warfare Tactical Data Base (NWDTB), which is the Navy's authoritative reference for tactical database format and structure, currently lacks sufficient data administration tools to provide an adequate level of data management and control. The feasibility of converting the NWTDB to an Information Resource Dictionary System (IRDS), which will yield an enhanced dictionary capability, is investigated. An analysis of the enhancements generated by the conversion of a passive to active IRDS was also discussed. This research concludes that an IRDS implementation can produce extensive benefits for the NWTDB as well as for other tactical databases in use by the Navy. Keywords: Active dictionary, Passive dictionary, Data dictionary, Military thesis.


Abstract : System integration of the remote control console operated satisfactorily. Preliminary acceptance tests were performed. Power output and pulse break-up problems were encountered with the use of the GFE magnetrons. This was attributed to the shelf life of the tubes. Opearting the tubes at reduced ratings improved their performance but not to the extent that was expected. The K band frequency portion of the study was deleted. (Author)


The six units at TVA's New Johnsonville steam plant have been in operation for more than 25 years, but when they were constructed, allowances were made in the mechanical structure for 25 tons each for electrostatic precipitators in case they should be installed later. The oil embargo of 1973 hampered the delivery of some equipment when installation of ESPs was required by EPA. The retrofitting of the buildings (the actual design loading is 125 tons) was begun and ESPs were installed; those at the New Johnsonville units called for efficiency rates of 99.2%. The first series of efficiency-performance tests have been completed for Units 1-6 at New Johnsonville and after correction for temperature, sulfur content, etc. the units show an efficiency rating of 99.6%. Results on a second series of efficiency performance tests shown that ESPs are capable of dependable, efficient, long-term operation. (MCW)


Microholes have crucial applications in aerospace, the automotive industry, and other industries. In this study, the microhole processing technology based on the femtosecond-laser spiral trepanning method was investigated. By adjusting the spiral scanning path, laser power distribution, and defocusing amount to control laser energy distribution, an inverted cone hole, straight hole, and normal cone hole were obtained finally. The morphology and element of the microhole were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The experimental results of the femtosecond-laser spiral trepanning method could achieve fewer impurities. Finally, the formation mechanisms of different microholes are explained in detail. The method is simpler and more efficient than the traditional microhole processing technology. The femtosecond-laser spiral trepanning method with controllable hole roundness, accuracy, and taper has important practical significance in microhole processing.


Vibrothermography is a Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) technique which is particularly well suited for locating discontinuities, such as cracks and sub-surface delaminations within composite structures. The Vibrothermographic method relies on high-amplitude vibrational excitations within a structure to cause frictional rubbing along flaw surfaces. Frictional heat energy dissipated between flaw surfaces diffuses through the material of the structure to a surface where heat signatures are monitored using infrared thermographic camera technologies. Vibrothermographic testing methods, developed in the late 1970's with the advent of improved IR camera technologies, have been somewhat slow to develop, due in part to a lack of understanding of the physics surrounding damaged areas of structures. The focus of this research is on the use of Finite Element (FE) Analysis, using ANSYS ® software, to simulate the Vibrothermographic method. One goal of the research is to produce algorithms predicting the likely-hood of thermal detection of numerous delamination flaws within a fiberglass/epoxy composite plate. The FE modeling attempts accurately characterize harmonic responses surrounding the "damaged" regions (flaw areas) of the plate. Harmonic response analyses are performed on the FE plate model, and nodal harmonic displacement data is subsequently utilized within transient analysis sub-modeling procedures. Each of the nine delamination flaws are analyzed within these sub-modeling procedures and the rates at which frictional heat energy dissipation, due rubbing, occur at the flaw faces are derived. Each delamination sub-model is subjected to a high-resolution frequency sweep analysis, where frequency dependent heat generation data is collected over a frequency bandwidth of 800-30000Hz. The latter portion of the paper discusses the use of a novel finite element approach to estimating the likely hood of thermal detections for the flaws. The approach uses generic finite element model to predict thermal detection times for an expansive set of flaw and testing parameters. A response surface method of curve-fitting is applied to the collected detection time data, and the resulting equation is subsequently used to predict the heat-signature detectability for each flaw. The results of this method are ultimately compared to empirical vibrothermographic frequency-sweep data, and a preliminary assessment of the viability of the approach is made. 1 THE VIBROTHERMOGRAPHIC METHOD Introduction to the Vibrothermographic Method Vibrothermography is a non-destructive examination (NDE) technique used in locating areas of discontinuity, such as cracks or delaminations, within a material, based on the detection of vibration-induce frictional heating. The technique is particularly useful in identifying sub-surface flaws, such as debondings/delaminations, within composite material structures. During the vibrothermographic method, an electromechanical transducer is typically used to induce relatively high frequency harmonic excitations within a structure. The goal of inducing harmonic excitations within the structure is to cause areas of de-bonding, such as cracks or delaminations, to rub together in frictional contact, thus facilitating frictional heat energy dissipation. Any heat that is produced diffuses throughout the material over time. Once heat diffuses to a viewable surface, a portion of the heat energy is radiated as electro-magnetic energy within the infra-red frequency band. Infra-red (IR) thermal camera technology is utilized in an attempt to detect any heat signatures produced within the material of the structure, in hopes of identifying these hard to detect failures or manufacturing flaws. The vibrothermographic equipment utilized is represented in the schematic shown in Figure 1.


This review examines the nature and application of decentralisation as an
organisational model for health care in England. The study reviews the
relevant theoretical literature from a range of disciplines relating to different
public- and private-sector contexts of decentralisation and centralisation. It
examines empirical evidence about decentralisation and centralisation in
public and private organisations and explores the relationship between
decentralisation and different incentive structures, which, in turn affect
organisational performance.


This thesis work focuses on the design and production of nanoparticle based contrast agents for signal enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three different synthesis routes are explored ...


A 66year-old male was admitted to our hospital with chest pain. The white blood cell count was 15.8 x 10/ L and hemoglobin was 12.0 g/ dL. A peripheral blood smear revealed 22.0% mature monocytes and 0.5% promonocytes. A bone marrow examination revealed increased mature monocytes (18.4%) without an increase in immature cells (monoblast : 0.4%, promonocyte : 0.4%). Chromosome analysis using bone marrow blood revealed a normal karyotype. Chest computed tomography and X-ray photography showed right pleural effusion with the following features : cell count, 2.0 x 10 / L (mature monocytes : 56.5%, immature monocytes 1.0%) ; protein, 4.9 g/ dL ; LDH, 54 U/ L and glucose 142 mg/ dL, which suggested exudates. The phenotypes of the monocytes in the peripheral blood, the bone marrow, and the pleural effusion were identical ; cells were positive for CD13, CD14, CD33, and HLA-DR and negative for CD2, CD10, CD19, and CD34. The patient was diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and leukemic cell infiltration seemed to have caused the pleural effusion. Because immediately life-threatening symptoms were absent, the patient was followed up as an outpatient without chemotherapy. The pleural effusion decreased after 6 months and then disappeared within one year, but monocytosis and mild anemia persisted. The French-American-British (FAB) classification has categorized CMML as a subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) . The 1990 WHO classification recategorized CMML as myelodysplastic/ myeloproliferative disease (MDS/MPD) and classified it into CMML1 and CMML2 according to the blast ratio. One report indicated that MPD-like CMML was associated with increased blasts in the peripheral blood, manifested as dysplasia, and was frequently associated with hepatosplenomegaly and adenopathy. Furthermore, leukemic cell invasion could be combined pleural effusion, ascites, and pericardiac effusion in this type of CMML. Such pleural effusion usually occurs in aggravated CMML, 5 but is extremely rare at the onset of CMML as in our patient. Although treatments with hydroxyurea, 6-mercaptopurine and low dose cutaneous cytosine arabinoside have been met with some success, the most effective agent remains obscure and an optimal management strategy for CMML has not been established. Asymptomatic CMML patients with slight monocytosis should remain under observation without treatment. As to pleural effusion of CMML, steroid pulse therapy and low doses of etoposide are effective. However, when should we start chemotherapy for CMML if the pleural effusion is accumulated? In our case, the monocytes, which manifest the same phenotype, were observed in the pleural effusion as well as in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. These results suggest the pleural effusion which we observed in this case might be associated with the involvement of CMML, whereas the pleural effusion spontaneously disappeared in the space of a year without undergoing chemotherapy. Controlling pleural effusion and/or ascites does not necessarily improve the prognosis. Prognostic factors of CMML have not been clearly delineated, but Fenaux et al. reported that prognosis could be anticipated from standard parameters at diagnosis : namely, bone marrow blasts, hemoglobin and blood monocytosis. Actually, almost all patients


Abstract– Castellated beam is formed by modifying a standard rolled beam through creating a regular pattern of holes in the web. The main goal of manufacturing these beams is to increase the moment of inertia and section modulus, which results in greater strength and rigidity. In this study, the charged system search algorithm is used for obtaining the solution of the design problem. Here, castellated beams with hexagonal and circular openings are considered as design problems. The minimum cost is taken as the design objective function. The design methods used in this study are consistent with BS5950 part 1 and 3 and Euro code 3. A number of design examples are considered to demonstrate the efficiency of the presented algorithm. It is observed that optimization results obtained by the ECSS algorithm for three castellated beams with hexagonal openings have less cost in comparison to the cellular beams. Also, the results of these examples illustrate the capability of the ECSS algorithm in finding the optimum solution in less number of iterations.


INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL Quality! As the United States economy becomes part of a global economy, we hear this word spoken by management in all types of industries. Product manufacturers and service industries have realized that competition in a global market will require a continual and committed effort towards the improvement of product and service quality. No organization can succeed in providing a quality product without an overall effort from its members. Throughout this book, there are references to process improvement teams. The process improvement (PI) team is a group of individuals contributing their knowledge to the improvement of the process. The PI team consists of individuals at all levels of management whose jobs affect or are affected by the process. Their knowledge of the process and how it interacts with the overall goals of the company is essential if the process is to be improved. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) Cycle, developed by quality expert W. Edwards Deming, is the blueprint through which teams of employees improve processes. Figure 1.1 illustrates the PDCA cycle.


The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and is affecting all civilizations. At present, there is an availability of minimum data highlighting the occurrence of thromboembolism in patients infected with COVID-19. Here, we report a rare case involving a 49-year-old female patient with thrombotic occlusion of the infrapopliteal artery and venous systems associated with COVID-19.


Aims Exotic plant invasion has been a global eco-environmental issue, which declines biodiversity and influences ecosystem structure and function. Over the past decades, more and more studies showed that influences of exotic plant invasion on soil nitrogen (N) cycles, and soil N availabilities can facilitate the success and aggravation of invading plants. Based on differences in soil N between at the study sites, this study explored magnitudes and ecophysiological novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the success and aggravation of plant invasion and into the relationships between soil N dynamics and plant functional traits in ecosystems under exotic plant invasion.


This thesis explores the experience of Traveller women in adult and community education. It focuses on a particular group of women in a particular community centre. It was my intention to use the insights gained to develop education programmes that would be congruent of Irish Traveller culture, traditions and needs. The study shows that these women have a specific experience within the Irish education system and that this experience has been shaped and informed by the dominant culture and the discourse disseminated through government policy and found in education practise. It found that the experience of Traveller women in adult and community education was varied and complex. Four key themes emerged; Travellers are not a homogenous group, Education, Gender Roles and Discrimination. These themes are entwined and constantly overlap as they inform, reinforce and maintain the customs and traditions that are part of Traveller culture. The findings support the notion that the Traveller community is not homogenous. They also indicate that while basic education skills are seen as essential there is a clash between what the State and members of the Traveller community regard as progression during the teenage years. The teenage years are a crucial period for laying the foundations for further study or employment while Traveller teenagers are preparing for marriage a step which signifies their entry into adulthood. Bridging the gap between the States perception of progression and the Traveller community's perception of progression is necessary if we are to ensure education provision for the Traveller community meets the needs and wants of the community itself rather than those of the State.


The topic of my Final work is "Cyber-bullying in primary schools in the city of Brno. I decided to investigate this area because it's a very current phenomenon, which is not known only abroad, but also in the Czech Republic. With the influx of new information and communication technologies there are also negative aspects of these technologies. In the theoretical part the term cyber-bullying was defined and it was put into the overall issue of bullying.The practical part was focused mostly on research and giving solution to prevent cyber bullying. In my research the influence influence of awareness of safe Internet use on the creation of cyber-bullying was examined. I have chosen the quantitative research and as an appropriate method of data collection, I used a questionnaire. Then I analyzed the data and came to the conclusion. The result therefore was that the level of awareness of safe Internet use has a large influence on the creation and development of cyber-bullying.


The utility model discloses a milling device for wood chip forming. The milling device for the wood chip forming comprises a working table, a longitudinal guiding device and a horizontal guiding device and two first sliding tables, wherein the longitudinal guiding device and the horizontal guiding device are arranged on the working table, the two first sliding tables can move on the horizontal guiding device and are distributed on two sides of the longitudinal device. Each first sliding table is provided with a milling component. Each milling component comprises a main shaft, a milling cutter arranged on the main shaft and a driving device which drives the main shaft to rotate. The milling device for the wood chip forming further comprises fastening devices and second sliding tables, wherein the fastening devices are used for positioning of the first sliding tables and the second sliding tables can move on the longitudinal guiding device. Each second sliding table is provided with a clamp, wherein the clamp can deliver a wood chip to be machined between two milling cutters and is used for clamping the upper end face and the lower end face of the wood chip to be machined. The milling device for the wood chip forming can effectively solve the problems that the wood chip can easily move away from the milling cutters in a wood chip forming milling machining process, machining quality is influenced and the working efficiency is low.


This article objectived to understand the living of men with homosexual orientation and the construction of meanings about homosexuality in their own families, through participant narratives. The participants this research were fi ve male persons with homosexual orientation, resident and domiciled at Sao


The authors present in this paper the opportunities offered by the use of software platforms (MULTISIM) in the validation of informational systems for optimizing economical consumption. So after some research (based on identification methodology system type) a physical-mathematical model can be developed that offers the possibility to optimize fuel consumption in the economy pole depending on specific correlations of operating regimes. Resulted relationships allow designing of information systems by proposing solutions which acquire information on movement speed, engine RPM in load (by determining the actual torque through correlations of exhaust gas temperature, moment and torque).Having these relationships we can design, for example, system version with discrete components or with digital system for surveillance engine operation.


THE upper jaw was excised on November 30, 1910, for malignant disease of the antrum following polypi of many years' duration and antral empyema. The notes and history of the case were published in December, 1910,1 and a specimen of the growth invading the antral walls was also exhibited. The patient is now shown: it will be seen that oedema of the lower eyelid persists. Mr. Bishop Harman excised the lachrymal sac three weeks ago and inserted setons subcutaneously to drain the lid. The growth involving the antrum was a sarcoma; an obturator remains to be fitted to fill the gap. The patient is well, and has rapidly put on weight.


On the high-level waste tanks on the Hanford Site, 23 tanks have been identified as having a potential to generate and release hydrogen gases in a episodic manner. Efforts were initiated in 1990 to ensure safe operation of the tanks, to conduct a characterization of the waste, and to develop approaches for mitigating the release of hydrogen containing gases. The focus of the efforts has been on Tank 241-SY-101 because it has been shown to be the most active tank for the cyclic release of gases. This tank vents gases about every 100 days, and the major components have been determined to be hydrogen (fuel), nitrous oxide (oxidizer) and nitrogen in about equal portions. In some cases, the venting has resulted in mixtures that are above the lower flammability limit. This paper will describe monitoring and characterization data obtained during the most recent gas release events and the results from the analysis of a full core sample taken from Tank 241-SY-101. Summary details of changes in temperature profiles for the tank and other instrument observations during release, gas composition, and volume data are reported. The paper will provide information on the results of synthetic waste studies aimed at defining themore » mechanisms of flammable gas generation, storage, and release. The new data obtained from characterization, monitoring, tank behavior modeling, and research studies on waste have provided sufficient understanding of the tank behavior that the Waste Tank Safety program is exploring remediation and mitigation alternatives. Finally, the presentation will summarize preliminary steps taken to define mitigation and remediation strategies for Tank 241-SY-101 and to close out the safety issue.« less


This paper deals with an analytic solution of spectrum changes that appear in nonlinear discrete systems without memory whose transfer characteristics can be approximated via piecewise linear function. The paper also deals with relations between the mutual harmonics ratio and the approximation parameters. Furthermore, the dependence of the harmonics ratio on the amplitude of a harmonic input signal is presented for the most common systems whose transfer characteristics are approximated via piecewise linear function.


The anti-B antibody was obtained from egg yolk of hens immunized with human B red cells. The IgY fraction which contained the anti-B antibody was isolated from egg yolk with polyethylene glycol and ethanol. The antibody was a sequential immunoadsorbants to which were bound. The purified antibody agglutinated B and AB red cells but not A or O red cells, and its hemagglutination activity was inhibited not only by saliva samples from B and AB secretors but also by Synsorb beads bearing B trisaccharide and B-like disaccharide


— Transient shape variation of a rotating liquid dropletis simulated numerically. The three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations were solved by using the level set method. The shape variation from the sphere to the rotating ellipsoid, and to the two-robed shapeare simulated, and the elongation of the two-robed droplet is discussed. The two-robed shape after the initial transient is found to be stable and the elongation is almost the same for the cases with different initial rotation rate. The relationship between the elongation and the rotation rate is obtained by averaging the transient shape variation. It is shown that the elongation of two-robed shape is in good agreement with the existing experimental data. It is found that the transient numerical simulation is necessary for analyzing the largely elongated two-robed shape of rotating droplet.


The news genre presupposes an ideal audience type-the ''informed citizen." Here, I will address what it means to ''be informed." How should audiences be addressed to enable them to become informed citizens, compared to addressing them as consumers? I will argue that when going beyond the official status attributed to news, one might find that viewers have contradictory feelings regarding the genre. I will provide examples of such news-related ambivalences and frustrations from my own research.


At present every job done will be assessed. Performance evaluation system has always been the focus of academics to assess its efficiency in learning. Similarly, lecturers who teach in the polytechnic in Malaysia will be assessed. Along with the development of information technology progress, there are problems in the conventional system it is file-based systems can be overcome. At each assessment time lecturers do often have difficulty in managing the questions that will be given to students. In addition, the time frame for completion of the evaluation takes a long time and interferes with learning and teaching time students and lecturers. At present, the assessment carried out using specific forms provided by the faculty. Use of the form is too much difficult for lecturers to store and update data for a long period. Lecturers Performance Evaluation System 'e-prestasi pensyarah' is a system developed for the convenience of lecturers, students and heads of departments. This system is the idea of the existing system. The main goal of this project is to create an alternative system to the existing system while increasing the effectiveness of staff performance evaluation process Polytechnic Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin. Lecturers Performance Evaluation System incorporates some of the latest technology using Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004, as a programming language PHP5 and MySQL 4.1.12 as the database. "System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)" was chosen as the methodology with contact diagram and data flow diagram as a methodology in the development of this system. The system is also combined with the convenience of a short message system where after completing an evaluation of the lecturer will receive a report of their assessment scores directly to their mobile phone by text message. In general, this system can help lecturers and administrators to manage documents in a systematic performance evaluation of lecturers. In addition, it can be used to assess the performance of the particular academic staff work throughout the year.


In 1975 the number of breeding colonies of the Cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis, has increased from 2 to 6: Kopacki rit, Jelas polje, mouth of th reiver Bojana, Prespa Lake, Skadar lake and Hutovo blato, and the number of breeding pairs amounted to 1.923. The Yugoslav population of Cormorant visits Baltic area and migrates to northern Africa for wintering. Cormorants from Denmark, GDR, Poland, Sweden, Norway, The Nethferalnds, Czechoslovakia and USSR migrate through or winter in Yugoslavia. The presence of Cormorants from Norway indicate that individulas belonging to Phalacrocorax carbo carbo migrate to Yugoslavia as well.


One of the biggest natural energy sources in renewable energy is undoubtedly wind energy. Huge-sized wind turbine towers are used for wind energy. In some cases, tribune towers of 10 meters can be used to meet smaller needs. These towers can be composed of structures such as steel, hybrid and reinforced concrete. Within the scope of this study, three different types of wind turbine towers was selected using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (BAHS) method which is one of the multi-criteria decision making methods. In addition to the analysis of installation and maintenance costs, criteria such as recycling rates and economic life are taken into account in this study. According to these criteria, different most suitable wind turbine was analyzed with BAHS method and the most suitable tower type was selected. As a result of the study, the hybrid type tower came to the fore in terms of recycling, maintenance, operation and installation convenience, as well as displacement and stress values.


Objective:To obtain the genetic polymorphism data and the distribution by testing drunkenness CYP2E1 gene.Methods:The PCR-RFLP was used to analyze genetic polymorphism of CYP2E1 gene and test the genotype and gene frequencies in 154 cases.Results:Two alleles were detected in the CYP2E1 gene of 154 drunkenness samples:alleles c1 and c2,including three genotypes c1/c1、c1/c2 and c2/c2,the total of which were the 68.8%,29.2% and 1.9%,respectively.Conclusion:The results of the statistical analysis of this experiment and previous studies(alcohol dependence and healthy control group CYP2EI polymorphism)suggest:there is no different CYP2E1 gene distribution between drunkenness group and alcohol dependence group but significant difference exists when compared with the healthy control group(P0.05).The results of the statistical analysis by alcohol consumption and genotype indicate no statistical significance.


Abstract
Asymmetry of sacroiliac mobility is discussed as it relates to the pathogenesis of pain overlying the supracristal and sacroiliac areas of the low back. The necessity for complete biomechanical isolation of a spinal lesion is stressed before corrective spinal manipulative therapy is applied. Presentation of a case illustrates a representative clinical decision analysis and therapeutic management.


Summary.  This is the case of a 28‐year‐old man with severe congenital haemophilia A, who had a relatively mild bleeding course during early childhood, with limited factor VIII (FVIII) exposure. He was infected with HIV before the age of 7 years, and demonstrated profound immunodeficiency from childhood, with very low CD4+ cell counts for more than a decade. Following initiation of highly active anti‐retroviral therapy (HAART) and gradually increasing CD4+ cells, he presented for the first time with a high‐titre inhibitor at age 26, despite over 1000 previous FVIII exposures. Subsequently, his inhibitor was successfully eradicated with a standard immune tolerance protocol. It is likely that the effects of chronic HIV infection on T‐lymphocyte pathways, and the partial immune reconstitution resulting from HAART, led to this patient's unusual inhibitor course. Such a case serves to augment knowledge gained in animal studies about the immunobiology of FVIII inhibitors.


Recent results of Hanlon, Stanley, and Stembridge give the expected values of certain functions of matrices of normal variables in the real and complex cases. They point out that in both cases the results are equivalent to combinatonal results and suggest further that these results may have purely combinatonal proofs, in this way avoiding the use of the theory of spherical functions. Such proofs are given in this paper. In the complex case we use the familiar cycle decomposition for permutations. In the real case we introduce an analogous decomposition into cyclically ordered sequences, called chains, which makes the real and complex cases strikingly similar.


The chapter examines the reasons for, and two dominant responses to, the diversity of world views that underpin contemporary international relations (IR) theory. The first response, conquest, opposes diversity and seeks to privilege one particular worldview. The second response, coexistence, is one that finds no good reason to privilege a particular worldview, and attributes a positive value to diversity and pluralism. The chapter distinguishes between two dimensions of a worldview and distinguishes between worldviews and theories. It also provides an historical overview to account for the proliferation of worldviews in the field and the lack of consensus regarding the appropriate criteria for comparing and evaluating the merits of competing worldviews. Finally, the chapter sets out the main arguments associated with conquest and coexistence between worldviews, and defends the case for the latter.


The present invention provides a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, its preparation method and catalyst. Said catalyst component includes at least one magnesium halide, at least one alcohol compound, at least one electron donor, at least one organic metal aluminium compound and reaction product of at least one titanium compound. Said catalyst has good hydrogen regulation property and higher polymerization activity, specially is applicable to series-connected reactor to prepare the wide molecular weight distribution or double-peak type polyvinyl resin.


This work presents a study of the impact of the biconic horn, sectored and adaptive antennas on mobile broadband radio communications in indoor environments. The main parameters that characterise the radio propagation channel are introduced, such as, received power and time dispersion, as well us conventional and smart techniques to improve the system performance. All proposed solutions are confirmed via computer simulation. (...) Keywords: mobile communications; millimetre-waves; ray tracing; antennas; sectorisation; adaptive antennas M.S., 1995 more info. http://opac.ua.pt/F/?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&REQUEST=000086959


"An Inquiry into Communal Authority in the Ancient Church with Particular Emphasis Upon the Laity." By Charles Jarvis Speel 2nd (Monmouth College, Monmouth, Illinois). Harvard University, 1955. Director: George H. Williams. There were four principal sources of authority in the ancient church: 1. the Holy Spirit, 2. conciliar decisions, 3. tradition, 4. Scripture. Of these, the Holy Spirit was the principal or ultimate source. There were four principal types of authority: 1. teaching authority, 2. legislative authority, 3. liturgical authority, 4. the authority of consentient testimony. All were working authorities, but the fourth was also the ultimate or de facto authority and was primarily exercised by the laity. Eight distinguishable channels of authority existed in the ancient church: 1. the laity (laos tou Theou), 2. apostles, prophets and teachers, 3. individual believers, 4. councils, 5. clergy in general, 6. bishops in particular, 7. the bishop of Rome, 8. emperors and magistrates (in this order chronologically).


Instead of the old myths of death and resurrection, of victory and twilight of the gods, which the Enlightenment removed from people's consciousness, the nineteenth century has justified the barren idea that life moves like some sort of transportation on a straight road, and that one can increase speed or change direction. However, life never advances one-dimensionally, neither forwards nor backwards; neither upwards nor downwards – it rather breathes in space. – Georg Götsch, 'Die Jugendbewegung als Volksgewissen'


Based on the precipitation data of six meteorological stations from 1957 to 2006 in Huaibei Plain of Anhui Province,the characteristics of variation of annual precipitation,three months precipitation from June to August and rainstorm days were analyzed by using statistical and trend fitting analysis method.The results showed that the increment of annual precipitation and precipitation during the flood period from June to August was not significant,but the inter-annual variations of these parameters were significant.The mean coefficient of variation for the annual precipitation was by 0.26.The difference between the maximum and the minimum annual precipitation was over 1150mm.The mean coefficient of variation of the precipitation during the flood period from June to August was with 0.39,while the ratio of the maximum and the minimum was with 5.07.Both rainy and rare rain years showed an increased trend since 1990s,same as for the rainstorm days.The floods and droughts were still the main factors which strained the local agricultural production.


The forms and constant terms of heat transfer correlations can be determined simultaneously with symbolic regression with prescribed precision. In this paper, a genetic programming (GP) technique developed by Silva is adopted as the tool of symbolic regression. However, the test results indicate that when the undetermined functions contain constant terms, symbolic regression results based on the code of Silva usually have increasing sizes. It is difficult to employ them for practical applications when the correlations are not concisely enough. In order to solve this problem, some new function modules are inserted into the GP of Silva, including (a) a function structure simplification module, (b) a constants optimization module, (c) an expansion rate reduction module with "self-swap" genetic operator, and (d) a small term search intensity enhancement module with "intro-new" genetic operator. The statistical performance demonstrates that all of these four new modules are beneficial to improve performance of symbolic regression, especially when the constants optimization module is added. Furthermore, when different modules are added simultaneously, the improvements are more remarkable. Finally, applications of deriving heat transfer correlations for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with continuous helical baffles and a single-row heat exchanger with helically finned tubes are performed. The results indicate that heat transfer correlations obtained in this paper are proven to be better than the power-law-based correlations.


The newest generation of legged robots is showing good dynamic behaviors and parkour-like maneuvers [1, 2]. Legged robots with active impedance or virtual spring leg control use quasi-direct actuation, with full control authority on all actuators. These robots also rely on high-frequency control loops with communication/control delays of a few milliseconds and less [3]. The actuation principle's choice comes at a second cost: the robot consumes energy for simple tasks such as standing. Observing what kind of dynamics legged animals are capable of, it is somewhat surprising that their neuro-muscular control shows comparatively large sensorimotor delays [4]. Animals differ in multiple, significant aspects; compared to their robotic counterparts, they benefit from passive and active compliant elements in their leg actuation mechanism [5]. We believe that compliant structures might allow animals to save energy during locomotion and provide robust behavior in the presence of neuro-communication delay. Bio-inspired robots equipped with passive, compliant parts similar to animals can drastically reduce control effort and increase robustness against external disturbances. Legged robots with in-series and parallel joint elasticity can locomote purely driven by feed-forward control, and no feedback information from touch-down, leg angle, or joint loading [6, 7]. However, robots with pronounced compliant leg mechanics often suffer from lower controllability because mounted springs lead to under-actuation. Adding actuators in parallel to springs leads to antagonistic actuation, which can also be limiting the accuracy and maneuverability of the robot. In teleoperated systems, time-delay can occur due to the communication distance [8]. Force feedback works well in minimal-delay systems, but large feedback delays will eventually cause control instabilities. Thus, the communication delay is a significant challenge for legged robots and teleoperation scenarios. In legged robots, communication delays are effectively all occurrences where feedback is transmitted well beyond the expected time-frame, which also happens during step-down or push-like perturbations. In this research, we start with the knowledge that fully passively, spring-loaded legged robots work well with openloop control, i.e., without any control feedback. On the


In history,many ancient cities and place of historic interests were inundated by lades expanding and migrating because of crust rising and reducing.


Some of the problems traditionally associated with design-for-testability are the complexity of integrating the needed hardware, the verification and execution of this hardware, and the area overhead required for such an integration. A VLSI CAD tool that generates a layout for such hardware for any CMOS chip is presented. A method for verifying fault-free operation and an execution protocol procedure for the hardware are also presented.<<ETX>>


The utility model relates to a pipeline detecting device. The pipeline detecting device comprises a framework, a plurality of cameras, an image processing system, a detecting platform, at least one light source and a dodging plate for dodging the at least one light source. The cameras, the at least one light source and the dodging plate are all arranged at the top of the framework, the plurality of cameras and the at least one light source are all arranged between the dodging plate and the top of the framework, the detecting platform is arranged at the bottom of the framework and used for bearing pipelines to be detected, and the plurality of cameras are in electrical connection with the image processing system. The pipeline detecting device has the advantages of utilizing three dimensional vision imaging principle, being capable of quickly detecting pipelines with different models, utilizing the dodging plate to dodging light rays emitted by the at least one light source, and accordingly reducing interference from the light rays to image capturing quality.


In recent years interconnecting devices have become primary limits on the performance, energy dissipation, signal integrity, and productivity of gigascale integration (GSI). Opportunities to address the interconnect problem include new materials and processes, reverse scaling, novel microarchitectures, three-dimensional integration, input/output interconnect enhancements, RF wireless interconnects and microphotonics.


This paper proposed game theory for dynamic spectrum allocation in cognitive radio network.It proposed the spectrum allocation model in cognitive radio based on game theory and proposed a distributed spectrum assignment algorithms based on potential game theory,and obtained Nash equilibrium of the game.The simulation result shows that the algorithm converges to be steady state in a relatively short time,the potential function value achieves maximum,the total interference level of the system achieves minimum,the level of the user's SIR is significantly improved,Nash equilibrium of potential game can be obtained by channel allocation and achieved to improve the purpose of the spectral efficiency.


Passive macromodeling of microwave components, high-speed packages and interconnect modules characterized by simulated/measured data has generated immense interest during the recent years. This paper presents an efficient algorithm for addressing the passivity of macromodels from simulated/measured data, based on a linear formulation. Also one of the critical issues involved in such macromodels is the passivity check and compensation. For this purpose, a new theorem and an efficient algorithm are presented. Examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.


Based on the freshmen enrollment information in a western university of China, this study explored the effects of individual background and family background on the major choice of higher school students in China. The study found that gender is an important factor influencing the choice of students in S&T majors, male high school graduates prefer to choose S&T majors. College entrance examination achievement also affects the choice of students, the higher the achievement, the greater the possibility of high school graduates to choose S&T majors. Census register can also predict the choice of students in S&T majors, urban students are more inclined to choose S&T majors.


The cortical distalnephron is committed to the fine regulation of electrolytes and water balance. Several investigations have addressed the molecular mechanisms implicated in this process. The paper by Belge et al. [1] demonstrates the emerging role of parvalbumin (PV) on distal tubule NaCl reabsorption. PV is a divalent cation buffering protein, exclusively expressed in the early distal convoluted tubule (DCT1). The authors show solid data suggesting a functional relationship between PV and the thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl− cotransporter (NCC), the main entry step for Na+ and Cl− through the apical membrane at this nephron site. PV−/− mice exhibit a salt-losing phenotype characterized by increased diuresis, kaliuresis and high aldosterone levels, a phenotype very similar, although not identical, to the NCC knock-out mice. Accordingly, PV−/− mice manifest decreased expression of NCC, paralleled by no significant diuretic response to hydrochlorothiazide. Furthermore, in vitro studies performed on DCT cells show that PV may regulate NCC expression by modulating the Ca2+-dependent signalling pathway.


FIELD: electronics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio electronics and can be used in production of printed circuit boards, used in radio-electronic equipment designing. Achieved by using unpackaged hardware components mounting into substrate body by creating on substrate of rectangular holes, corresponding to IC crystals permissible increase, mounted in these holes. Topological relations layout between chips is performed by vacuum deposition, when on substrate with crystals through mask forming current-conducting paths from copper and nickel, protective layer, wherein, without using soldering and welding, forming connection of IC contact pads with board current-conductive paths. EFFECT: technical result is increasing of degree of IC chips integration and reduced weight and size. 1 cl, 7 dwg


The present invention relates to a case to perform the phone call within a vehicle during traveling, the vehicle noise reduction of the running when the mobile communication terminal to remove the noise generated in a pattern, to perform a clean call within a vehicle method, a user the step of measuring the background noise in the vehicle interior and use; Separating the noise characteristic of each through a predetermined noise detection algorithm from the measured background and noise; Storing in a database of each of the separated noise characteristics; When to perform the phone call from the database stored in the noise condition, the method comprising: loading a reference noise by comparison to the sample in the noise database, and the input of the call confirm the current noise level; Generating a signal having an inverted phase of the identified noise, it may be accomplished by yirueojim including the step of canceling noise which is mixed with the input of the call.


Since they were born, digital natives coexist with smartphones, tablets, laptops or videogames, and it is considered normal that from the first years of life they take an interest in how these work and they learn how to operate them from early childhood. In spite of the spectacular boom in the videogame industry, the educational systems in general, still resist to systemically use these platforms of interactive leisure in curricular development, ignoring their enormous creative and teaching possibilities. A possible reason for this situation is the insufficient training of teachers in the basic competences needed for the efficient use of videogames in the classroom. In this work, we have carried out a bibliographical revision of the different experiences and research on the use of videogames in Spanish classrooms in order to situate the present day reality of their implementation.


This final project focuses on the analysis of the strategy to achieve coherence applied by the tenth-grade students of SMA Negeri 8 Semarang in writing recount texts. Coherence itself is the interrelatedness among the discourse elements of a text and the connection between the elements and the reader's knowledge which makes the text hang together so that it can be understood as a whole.
This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The data in this research is in the form of the texts written by the students. The data which have been collected are analyzed using two frameworks of analysis: cohesion, which is developed by Halliday and Hasan (1976), and topical structure analysis, which is suggested by Lautamatti (1978). Cohesion theory is used to reveal the textual relation between a sentence to the other, while topical structure analysis is applied to uncover the development of the topics and comments and the relation of those elements to a main discourse topic.
The result of cohesion analysis shows that cohesive devices have not been used optimally in writing recount texts. Two cohesive devices, ellipsis and substitution, are rarely used in the students' texts. The result of topical structure analysis suggests that there are two progressions which can be used for writing recount text: parallel and extended parallel. From six texts written in parallel progression, five of them are coherent. The other fourteen texts are written in extended parallel progression, but only five of them are coherent. This fact shows that extended parallel progression is more difficult than the parallel one. Furthermore, there are many problems encountered when the students write in extended parallel progression, such as the difficulty of creating relation between each topic and comment and the whole topics and comments to the main topic.
Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that the students have not mastered all aspects of cohesion. In addition, they still have difficulty in creating relation between each contextual element of the texts.


An epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated squamous cell carcinoma was xenografted to a SCID mouse, and the resultant tumor was transplanted through mice for 10 generations. Histological and virological features, with replication of about a thousand copies of the papillomavirus DNA, were the same in both the original carcinoma and the transplanted tumors.


Taking the high slope in PZ2 contract section of Pingyao-Yushe expressway as an example,this paper clearly shows the angular relations among various structural planes,slope and route using rose-pattern graph projection principle,in order to offer effective evidence to analyze the stability of bedrock slope,and proves by practices that rose-pattern graphical method is simple,effect and feasible,and is worthy to be popularized.


The fundamental concept of towed underground imaging is the determination of the electrical resistivity of the ground to assess the composition and utilities present underneath. However, the challenge of using this technology is the establishment of the system's isolation from vibrations caused by antenna oscillation on uneven terrain. With that, this study modified a novel design of a passive-type isolator from a previous study and named it as the ModVI. This aims to attain a quasi-zero stiffness condition to shield the system from extremely low-frequency vibrations affecting data gathering. It is necessary that the passive or structural design of the employed vibration isolator be tailored for its identified function. Motion analysis simulation was used to prove the modification of the design in terms of its stability mechanism and isolation. An arch shape linkage and variation in spring position were employed as performed modifications and were compared with the straight linkage design of the reference. Based on the results, the arch-shaped link has the best performance in terms of stress, displacement, and factor of safety. Thus, the maximum top displacement of ModVI is 0.142 mm only compared to 0.27 mm of the reference design conveying more effective and efficient vibration isolation.


The ideal engine mount system should isolate engine vibration caused by engine disturbance force in engine speed range and prevent engine bounce from shock excitation. This implies that the dynamic stiffness and damping of the engine mount should be frequency-and amplitude-dependent. The development of engine mounting systems has mostly concentrated on improvement of frequency and amplitude dependent properties. The conventional electrometric mounts do not meet all the requirements and can only offer a trade-off between static deflection and vibration isolation. Passive hydraulic mounts can provide a better performance than electrometric mounts especially in the low frequency range. Semi-active techniques are usually used to further improve performance of hydraulic mounts by making them more tunable. The active engine mounting system can be very stiff at low frequency and be tuned to be very soft at the higher frequency range to isolate the vibration. The active engine mounts have been considered as the next generation of engine mounts. The optimization of engine mounting systems is quite desirable. The current work on the optimization of the engine mount systems shows some limitations. The paper mainly introduced the present situation of internal and aboard of shock alleviation technique of automobile engine and their trend of development.


In this article the author discusses the predicted state of road construction contracts in the U.S. in 2007. Although the volume for such work is anticipated to be constant, higher materials prices will mitigate any major gains. One contractor explains that he anticipates a drop in demand for materials that require hot-mix asphalt overlays such as cold milling and cold in-place asphalt recycling. The market in the Midwest is expected to remain constant for concrete paving, with paving projects in Missouri and Oklahoma keeping contractors optimistic about available work. States that are expected to maintain increases in contract volume include California, Texas, Florida, and Georgia while weak markets are expected in Tennessee and Virginia. The same source expects volume to be level in Illinois, Wisconsin, the southern states, and both North and South Carolina.


Poster Presentation Background Suspected group A sepsis should be regarded as an obstetric emergency given the high mortality associated with the condition. Case We describe the anonymous case of a woman who survived puerperal sepsis following a 16‐day hospital course, including obstetric history and birth summary, and review of atypical subjective symptoms of group A strep (GAS) sepsis. Clinical findings are presented, including vital signs, lab abnormalities (leukopenia), diagnostic testing, and the major goals of sepsis management. We discuss GAS as pathogen and associated virulence factors that enable it to evade phagocytosis and increase the ability to multiple in blood and cause disease. Group A strep is the leading pathogen linked to maternal mortality, and when associated with sepsis there is a 30% to 50% mortality rate; once shock develops the mortality rate approaches 60%. Conclusion The occurrence of GAS sepsis remains low. However, given the combination of relative rarity and atypical presentation, recognition is frequently a stumbling block to treatment. Therefore, special attention to the identification of the atypical symptoms associated with GAS sepsis is important due to the high risk of associated mortality. It is recommended that pregnant and postpartum women who present with atypical symptoms be evaluated with consideration of eliminating GAS infection from the differential before seeking other causes. Nurses are the front‐line staff caring for childbearing women and need to be aware of the threat of GAS sepsis. If we improve awareness, early recognition, and rapid treatment, lives can be saved.


Despite being the largest nucleus in the thalamus, the pulvinar has remained relatively unexplored, owing to an emphasis on cortical areas and networks involved in perception and cognition, as well as technical difficulties in obtaining high-quality neural signals from deep brain structures. Pulvinar neurons have been mainly probed for, and have been shown to be responsive to basic visual stimuli such as oriented bars, moving gratings, shapes, and color (Bender, 1982; Felsten et al., 1983; Petersen et al., 1985; Merabet et al., 1998). Although human functional magnetic resonance imaging and pulvinar lesion studies suggest a pulvinar role in processing fearful facial expressions (Vuilleumier et al., 2003; Ward et al., 2007), the underlying neural substrate of face processing in the pulvinar is unclear. In this issue, Nguyen et al. (2012) report that a subpopulation of neurons located mainly in the lateral region (and, to a lesser degree, the medial region) of the pulvinar responded selectively to face-like stimuli, and a number of these neurons were sensitive to facial cues that play an important role in social cognition, such as gaze direction and face orientation (Emery, 2000). What might be the source of face-related information for these pulvinar neurons? There are a number of possibilities that need to be considered, and, importantly, they are not mutually exclusive. The lateral pulvinar has extensive connections with the visual cortex, including the inferotemporal (IT) cortex (Shipp, 2003), where face-selective neurons have often been found clustered together, with functionally similar neural response characteristics for processing of facial aspects such as gaze direction, facial expressions, and face orientation (Bruce et al., 1981; Perrett et al., 1982; Desimone et al., 1984; Pinsk et al., 2005; Tsao et al., 2006). Thus, the IT cortex is a likely source of face-related information for these pulvinar neurons. However, although face-related information in pulvinar responses peaked at 50–100 ms in the majority of neurons, and they thus had similar response times to those of some IT cortex neurons, the response latencies of a number of these pulvinar neurons were short, the responses occurring as early as 30 ms, and the spike rate in the first 50 ms after stimulus onset provided significant information about face-like stimuli. Although it is possible that these fast pulvinar responses derive from the visual cortex, an alternative consideration is that these neurons receive input from an extrageniculate source of face-related information, such as the superior colliculus (SC). The pulvinar and the SC have been implicated in a fast subcortical route of face processing that provides the amygdala with input from the SC via the pulvinar, thereby circumventing cortical processing (LeDoux, 2000). Consistent with this proposal, some of the face-related pulvinar neurons were found to be located in the medial pulvinar, the origin of pulvinar projections to the amygdala (Jones & Burton, 1976; Romanski et al., 1997). It will be interesting to explore these particular parts of the pulvinar in greater detail in future studies, and to probe aspects of face processing related to emotional valence such as fear and threat. However, others have argued against the necessity of the pulvinar providing a fast input to the amygdala, instead emphasizing a possible contribution of the pulvinar to face processing at the cortical level (Pessoa & Adolphs, 2010). Such a route may originate from the SC as well, as a disynaptic colliculo-pulvinar-cortical pathway has been shown to project to cortical areas V3 and MT (Berman & Wurtz, 2010; Lyon et al., 2010). This route may rapidly provide low spatial frequency information to the dorsal visual cortical pathway, which is useful for orienting to faces or for context to generate social predictions (Bar, 2007), although it is unclear how many face-related neurons contribute to the fast colliculo-pulvinar-cortical pathways, which incorporate predominantly inferior pulvinar neurons (Berman & Wurtz, 2010; Lyon et al., 2010). Recently, it has been shown that the pulvinar regulates information transmission between different cortical areas according to behavioral demands (Saalmann et al., 2012). The neural mechanism involves the pulvinar controlling the degree of synchrony between the activities of groups of cortical neurons, thereby increasing the efficacy of their information exchange. In light of such a pulvino-cortical mechanism (and regardless of whether the pulvinar receives face-related input from either the visual cortex or the SC, or both), it may well be that the pulvinar facilitates the processing of faces by selectively routing the relevant face-like information across the cortex. The fast pulvinar responses may allow very early modulation of feed-forward cortico-cortical transmission of social information, possibly by setting up oscillation patterns between groups of cortical neurons before the majority of detailed content from the geniculo-striate path arrives. Importantly, the current study sets the stage for exploring these different possibilities in order to firmly establish a functional role of the pulvinar in face processing and social cognition.


Sequential recommendation aims at predicting users' preferences based on their historical behaviors. However, this recommendation strategy may not perform well in practice due to the sparsity of the real-world data. In this paper, we propose a novel counterfactual data augmentation framework to mitigate the impact of the imperfect training data and empower sequential recommendation models. Our framework is composed of a sampler model and an anchor model. The sampler model aims to generate new user behavior sequences based on the observed ones, while the anchor model is leveraged to provide the final recommendation list, which is trained based on both observed and generated sequences. We design the sampler model to answer the key counterfactual question: "what would a user like to buy if her previously purchased items had been different?". Beyond heuristic intervention methods, we leverage two learning-based methods to implement the sampler model, and thus, improve the quality of the generated sequences when training the anchor model. Additionally, we analyze the influence of the generated sequences on the anchor model in theory and achieve a trade-off between the information and the noise introduced by the generated sequences. Experiments on nine real-world datasets demonstrate our framework's effectiveness and generality.


The paper, summarizing studies presented in seven journal papers using the method of continuous analysis, is written to honor Professor Y.H. Pao of the Institute of Applied Mechanics at the National Taiwan University on his seventieth birthday for his many significant contributions and leadership in the field of mechanics. These seven papers contain investigations concerning stress, buckling, and vibration analyses of beams and plates having disbonds. The authors feel privileged to have this opportunity to join with Professor Pao's many friends, colleagues and students to participate in this joyous occasion. Being able to appear in this prestigious special issue of the Chinese Journal of Mechanics, the authors believe that the spread of each of the seven papers in the structural mechanics community must at least be increased by ten fold. Hence, the numbering of the reference papers is amplified by a factor of ten which amounts to a total number of seventy as being used in the listing of papers under References. We use this number of seventy to wish Professor Y.H. Pao to have many happy returns on his seventieth birthday.


Abstract This paper is a case study chronicling and analyzing the strategic considerations given to industrial relations in a proposal to upgrade and renew a major production unit in a UK oil refinery. The study is based on interviews and substantial internal documents provided by the case study managers. This represents a unique illustration as to the extent a company goes through in considering the way in which a major capital project needs to consider industrial relations issues before being considered acceptable to the Corporate-level audience and its decision-makers. In particular, the context is interesting – that of an American multinational taking up a national agreement from a process of sector-wide multi-employer bargaining.


Objective To study the epidemiological status of diabetes of residents older than 15 years old in Xuanwu district of Beijing city.Methods 6 950 subjects were selected by multi-stage sampling and then surveyed for the prevalence of diabetes.Results A large portion of people were aware of the health knowledge about the harmfulness,prevention and care of diabetes.The prevalence for diabetes was 8.79%,which is relatively higher in the retired people,the empty nest elderly and old cadres than others.Conclusion The health education and intervention of diabetes should be enhanced,particularly in high risk population.


Modelling a smart city has been the focus of interest from researchers and practitioners since it allows to measure and benchmark smart city performance. The literature has provided plenty of examples of smart city models and key performance indicators. However, the interaction among the domains of these models and its implications for policies recommendation have received limited attention. Based on secondary data this study elaborates a smart city model for Ecuador and applies a fuzzy-set QCA analysis to evaluate how a city can achieve high smart city performance through several combinations of conditions. The results shows that high levels of ICT access, human capital, infrastructure and environmental conditions are determinants for a city to achieve better quality of life and economic development. Additionally, this study offers policies recommendations for smart cities planning.


Positron annihilation non-collinearity is one physical factor that constraints the achievable spatial resolution in PET. The quadHIDAC is a high resolution small animal PET scanner with a unique detection principle, relying on multi-wire proportional chamber detectors. In a comparison of simulation and measurement of a 22Na point source, slight discrepancies are observed, which are addressed to an inappropriateness of the used non-collinearity model. Hence, a new simple model for non-collinearity is developed and adjusted to the observed data. It will be presented that the exclusive properties of the quadHIDAC, i.e., high 3D spatial resolution for single photon interactions measured on large radial offsets, offer a perfect environment to separate positron range and detector resolution influences from the measurements and simulations. This allows the investigation of the pure spatial resolution degradation induced by the annihilation non-collinearity of positron emitting sources. Furthermore, simulations, including the proposed non-collinearity implementation, for a possible improved HIDAC setup on an illustrative zebrafish emission model are performed, where associated reconstructed images for the different setups are compared.


The effect of rotation with bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) on soybean (Glycine max) yields and end-of-season (2 weeks before soybean harvest) soil populations of root-knot (Meloidogyne arenaria) and cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines, race 4) was studied in a field in Baldwin county, Alabama. Soybean cvs. Braxton, Centennial, Gordon, Kirby, Leflore, Ransom, and Stonewall were planted in plots that had been planted to 'Pensacola' bahiagrass for the previous 2 years and in others that had been in monoculture with soybean. In each of the two cropping systems each cultivar was planted in plots treated at planting with the 15G formulation of aldicarb (41.4 g a.i./100 m of row in a 20-cm-wide band) and without a nematicide. For all cultivars the nematicide treatment did not increase yield or affect second-stage juvenile populations of either M. arenaria or H. glycines. Yields of all cultivars were higher in the bahiagrass-soybean plots than in those in the soybean monoculture. Yield respons


An alignment jig for an optical lens array is furnished on an optical alignment apparatus. The alignment machine is for performing active optical alignment operations of a sensor chip located on a circuit board and a lens socket plugged with a fiber plug. The alignment jig includes a support arm, a pick-up mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The support arm is fixed to the optical alignment apparatus for supporting the alignment jig. The pick-up mechanism is furnished on the support arm for picking-up and holding the lens socket in a detachable manner at a predetermined position corresponding to the sensor chip. The pushing mechanism holds the plugging status when the fiber plug is plugged into the lens socket and provides a pushing force, such that the fiber plug has a tendency to be pushed toward and engage the lens socket tightly.


In 4 neonatally-coarcted dogs and 4 normal littermates, all males from an inbred colony, angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitor (CEI: MK421) was given chronically (3 mg/kg po q 12h) from age 16±2 days (48h post-aortic banding) through 4-6 months of age. Clinically apparent substandard weight (wt) gain in all dogs prompted comparison of growth rates (linear regression of wt in kg on age in days) in the 8 CEI-treated dogs with those of 13 male historic controls (Cont-H) from the same inbred colony: 6 coarcted and 7 littermates studied over the same age range in prior years. Also, body wt in CEI-treated dogs at 6 months of age was compared with 6-month wt in a second group of concurrent controls (Cont-C): 8 normal male inbred-colony dogs born in the same year as CEI-treated dogs. Growth rates (slope of growth curve) and 6-month wt were compared by T-test. Results (mean ± SD) are:Both growth rate (p<.01) and 6-month wt (p<.001) were significantly lower in CEI-treated pups. Since the study was not designed to test MK-421 effects on growth, results cannot fully exclude litter-dependent factors. However, given the potential relevance to the use of CEI in pediatric populations, the possibility of growth impairment warrants further study.


The demonstration of muscle involvement using the MRI in four patients with dermatomyositis is reported from the Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, MI.


Objective To investigate the value of endoscopic titanium clip placement in the treatment of profuse hemorrhage complicated by peptic ulcer.Methods Endoscopic titanium clip placement was performed in 40 patients with severe hemorrhage complicated by peptic ulcers.As a control group,a proton pump inhibitors,omeprazole was used for other 40 patients with severe bleeding complicated by peptic ulcers.Results Hemostasis within 12h after admission accounted for 90%(36/40) and surgical operation was needed in 1(2 5%) of 40 patients in the endoscopic therapy group.Blood transfusion of 400~1 500ml with an average of 800 ml was needed in the endoscopy group.In the pharmacotherapy group,bleeding was stopped in 9(22 5%) of 40 patients within 12h after admission and surgical management was required in 26(65%) of 40 patients.Blood transfusion of 600~3 000ml with an average of 1 500ml was given in the pharmacotherapy group.There was very significantly difference between the endoscopic therapy group and the pharmacotherapy group in numbers of patients with hemostasis and following surgical operation,and in average blood transfusion amount.Conclusions Endoscopic titanium clip placement is a safe and effective method for severe hemorrhage complicated by peptic ulcers.


Objective To study the efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) in the treatment of radiotherapy wounds in skin or mucous membrane.Methods 88 patients with Ⅲ state radiotherapy wounds were equally divided into the rhEGF′s treatment group and control group which inculded 54 cases of mucous membrane wounds and 34 cases skin wounds,to compare with their pain relief and repairing time.Results The time of pain relief and healing in the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group.No side effects were observed.Conclusion rhEGF has a significant action in relieving pain and promoting radiotherapy wounds healing.


An overview of the science and technological aspects of Si-based nanodevices relevant to n+4 technology node and beyond is presented in this paper. Nanoscale CMOS and beyond-CMOS devices, based on innovative concepts, technologies and device architectures, are addressed.


Objective: To observe the effect of betaloc on patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and to explore the corresponding predictors of treatment effect. Methods:Effect of betaloc on 86 CHF patients was observed and clinical data of 20 patients with good effect and another 20 with bad effect were analyzed. Results: Heart function of all the 86 patients improved (P0. 05). Patients with higher serum Na+level before treatment got more improvement, while those with lower systolic blood pressure and higher serum K+got less impovement. Conclusion: Betaloc possesses good effect on chronic heart failure, and levels of systolic blood pressure, serum Na + and K + can be used as predictors of treatment effect.


Objective:To detect the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1、the activity of interleukin-1β and myeloperoxidase during Spinal Cord Ischemic/Reperfusion injury via Tanshinone-IIA in order for its involved mechanism.Methods:Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham-operated,ischemia,Danshen and Tanshinone-IIA groups(n=35).Abdomianal aorta occlusion was performed along the right renal arterial root to induce spinal cord ischemia.Blood flow was recoverd 30 minutes following occlusion to establish models of spinal cord ischemia/referfusion injury.Abdominal aorta occlusion was not performed in the sham operation group.Thirty minutes prior to ischemia,rats of the Danshen group were intraperitoneally injected with Danshen and rats of the Tanshinone-IIA group were intraperitoneally injected with sulfo Tanshinone-IIA.The expression of ICAM-1 and the activity of IL-1β,MPO were observed at hour 0.5h,1h,4h,8h,12h following perfusion.Results:There was no significantly changes in the sham-operated group.All rats in ischemia,Danshen and Tanshinone-IIA group,IL-1β together with ICAM-1 increased at 0.5h after reperfusion,and keep increasing gradually following 12 hours.The activity of IL-1β and ICAM-1in the Danshen and Tanshinone-IIA group was significantly reduced than sham-operated group at 4h,8h and 12h after reperfusion(P0.05).It significantly decreased in the Tanshinone-IIA group than the Danshen group at 8h and 12h after reperfusion(P0.05,P0.01).There were ICAM-1-positive blood vessels 4hours after reperfusion,and keep increasing till reperfusion 12 hours in either Danshen or Tanshinone-IIA group and significantly reduced than sham-operated group at 4,8 and 12h after reperfusion(P0.05).ICAM-1 of the Tanshinone-IIA group was especially less than Danshen group at 8 and 12h after reperfusion(P0.05,P0.01).MPO were increased at 0.5h after reperfusion,and keep increasing in 12h in Danshen and Tanshinone-IIA group.Conclusions:Spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury involves various neurobiochemical mechanisms,either Danshen or Tanshinone-IIA can reduce neutrophil infiltration of spinal cord,delayed neuronal apoptosis,and action between inflammatory factors and cell adhesion molecules in ischemia-reperfusion injury.Tanshinone-IIA might be more effective than Danshen.


The objective of this study is to identify high-risk areas of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in South Korea using nationwide data collected for the disease cases that occurred during the period from December 2014 to April 2015. High-risk areas of FMD occurrence are defined as local clusters or hot spots, where the frequency of disease occurrence is higher than expected. An issue in the FMD detection study is in identifying a spatial pattern deviated significantly from the expected value under the null hypothesis that no spatial process is investigated. While identifying geographic clusters is challenging to reveal the causes of disease outbreak, it is most useful to detect and monitor potential areas of risk occurrence and suggest a further in-depth investigation. This study extended a traditional score statistic (SC) that has limited to identify the spatial pattern by proposing a spatiotemporal score statistic (STSC) that incorporates a temporal component into the SC approach. STSC, a local spatial statistic, was utilized to detect clusters around the known foci with a latent period. This study demonstrated STSC could better exploit the advantage of the original SC and improve the cluster detection due to the latent time component. The empirical results of STSC are expected to provide more useful policy implications with agencies in charge of preventing and controlling the spread of epidemics when deciding where to concentrate the limited resources available.


Aberrant expression of B-tubulin isotypes is frequently described in tumor tissues and tubulin-binding agent (TBA)–resistant cell lines. There is limited understanding of the role of specific B-tubulin isotypes in cellular sensitivity to TBAs, and to gain insights into the functional role of BIIand BIVb-tubulin, we examined these isotypes in lung cancer cell lines NCI-H460 (H460) and Calu-6. Drug-treated clonogenic assays revealed that small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of either BIIor BIVb-tubulin hypersensitized the lung cancer cell lines to Vinca alkaloids, with the effects more pronounced following BIVb-tubulin knockdown. In contrast, there was no change in paclitaxel sensitivity following knockdown of either isotype. Cell cycle analysis revealed a greater propensity for the BIIand BIVb-tubulin knockdown cells to undergo G2-M cell cycle block following 5 nmol/L vincristine treatment, with the BIVb knockdown cells being more sensitive than the BII-tubulin knockdown cells compared with control. In contrast to BII-tubulin knockdown, BIVb-tubulin knockdown cells showed a significant increase in the sub-G1 population (cell death) following treatment with both 5 and 40 nmol/L of vincristine compared with controls. Importantly, BIVb-tubulin knockdown in H460 cells caused a significant dose-dependent increase in Annexin V staining in response to vincristine but not paclitaxel. Therefore, increased sensitivity to induction of apoptosis is one mechanism underlying the Vinca alkaloid hypersensitivity. This study provides direct evidence that BIIor BIVb-tubulins have functionally distinct roles and expression of these isotypes may serve as strong predictors of Vinca alkaloid response and resistance. [Cancer Res 2008;68(23):9817–24]


The title of this chapter is inspired to some extent by the view presented in the latest edition of O. Kaiser's commentary on Isaiah. According to this book, the kernel of the book of Proto-Isaiah was "a smaller collection of prophetic sayings, presumably first made at the beginning of the fifth century, and influenced by the theology of the Deuteronomistic History". The prophetic legends found in the pre-Deuteronomistic material picture the prophets as miracle-workers, who have very little to do with the type of prophets presupposed by the prophetical books. The period of classical prophecy in Israel could very well have been such a time of crisis. The next source of information is the prophetic literature itself. Isaiah's ideas of kingship are certainly not Deuteronomic; they contain so many features of sacral kingship ideology that they make sense only in the context of a functioning monarchy. Keywords: Deuteronomistic history; Israelite prophecy; pre-Deuteronomistic material; sacral kingship ideology


Highly [111]-oriented rhombohedral lead zirconate titanate [Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3;PZT] thin films were prepared on Pt(111)∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrates by suitably combining pulsed laser deposition with sol-gel coating. Two distinctive types of the backscattering geometry were employed for the polarized Raman scattering study: (i) normal backscattering in which the propagation direction of relevant phonons is parallel to the principal [111] polar axis of the rhombohedral 3m(C3v) point group for observing E(TO) phonons, and (ii) side-view backscattering in which the phonon-propagation direction is normal to the [111] direction for isolating A1(TO) phonons. Room-temperature Raman spectra of the [111]-oriented PZT60∕40 film (with Zr∕Ti=60∕40) having the high-temperature rhombohedral form were examined and compared with those of the [111]-oriented low-temperature rhombohedral PZT90∕10 film which is characterized by the tilting of oxygen octahedra about the principal [111] direction. Similarities and differences in the obse...


The effects of educational programs in post-operative pain were analyzed. The bibliographic review, covering the period between 1995 and 2005, was carried out in Medline, Ovid, Lilacs and Dedalus databases. The descriptors used were post-operative pain and education program, pain and education, pain and education program, educative and pain, postoperative and education, information and postoperative pain, dor and pos-operatorio, dor and educacao e dor and informacao. Twelve clinical trials written in English, Spanish and Portuguese were analyzed. The length of the educational programs ranged between 12 minutes to 24 hours, and most were developed by a multidisciplinary team. The content of the programs included post-operative pain and pain treatment, and the teaching strategies included classes, videos, folders and website. The outcome variables differed in the studies. There was improvement in pain intensity (7/11), in anxiety level (3/5), in daily activities (2/2), in sleep (1/2), in stress (1/1) and in nurse records about pain (1/1); there were decreases in the consume of opioids (3/4) and in the fear of opioids (1/1). The educational programs were able to improve post-operative pain, except in length of hospitalization, perception of well-being and mood changes.


The complete third-order elasticity tensors of cubic NaCN and KCN have been determined from stressshifted resonance frequencies of thick plates at 293 K. The two cyanides exhibit quite similar nonlinear elastic properties which, however, differ strongly from those of comparable alkali halides such as NaC1 and KC1. The 'longitudinal' constants Ca~ I are ca five times smaller °and the 'transverse' constants ell 2 and C123 ca eight times larger than those in NaC1 and KCI. The Cauchy relations are strongly violated, as is already known for the second-order elastic constants. The critical shear resistance c44, which is connected with the phase transitions observed at 283 K (NaCN) and 168 K (KCN), exhibits a considerable dependence on hydrostatic pressure only in the case of NaCN: c44 drops rapidly with increasing pressure. The absolute change of C44 per hydrostatic pressure unit, however, is comparable to that in alkali halides. The nonlinear elastic behaviour of NaCN and KCN is qualitatively interpreted by interactions of volume-conserving type (as existing in fluids).


This study was conducted to determine fertilization rate and embryo development using the Beltsville Sperm Sexing Technology with two different laser power outputs, 25 and 125 milliwatts (mW). Freshly ejaculated boar semen was diluted; one aliquot was not stained or sorted (nonsort) and a second aliquot was stained with Hoechst 33342 and sorted as a complete population, not separated into X and Y populations (all‐sort). Ovulation controlled gilts were surgically inseminated with 2 × 105 spermatozoa (44–46 hr after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)) into the isthmus of each oviduct, one oviduct receiving nonsort and the other all‐sort at 25 or 125 mW. A total of 426 embryos were flushed from oviducts at slaughter 43 hr after laparotomy and prepared for determination of fertilization and cleavage rates using confocal laser microscopy for analysis of actin cytoskeleton and chromatin configuration. The percentage of fertilized eggs and embryos was less for the 25 mW all‐sort compared to nonsort or the 125 mW all‐sort (77.9 vs. 96.3 and 96.2%, P < 0.05). The percentage of fragmented embryos was greater for the 25 mW all‐sort than the nonsort (15.2 vs. 4.5%, P < 0.05), but did not differ significantly from 125 mW all‐sort mean (7.2%). The percentage of normal embryos (80.4% overall) did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatments. However, the rate of embryo development was slower (P < 0.05) after insemination with the 25 mW all‐sort spermatozoa compared to nonsort spermatozoa. Embryos in the 3–4 and 5–9 cell stages for the 25‐mW all‐sort and nonsort were 78 and 20% vs. 49 and 50%, respectively. The embryo percentages for the 125 mW (3–4 and 5–9 cell stages, 59 and 35%) did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) from the nonsort or 25 mW all‐sort. We conclude that the use of 125 mW laser power for sorting boar spermatozoa is advantageous to maintain high resolution separation and has no detrimental effect on embryo development compared to 25 mW. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61: 87–92, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this work,the research progress in HCl removal technology using Ca-based sorbents was summarized.The dechlorination characteristics of various Ca-based sorbents and different methods to improve sorbent performance were introduced.The influence of Ca/Cl molar ratio,reaction temperature,particle size,reaction atmosphere on the dechlorination of Ca-based sorbents was also discussed.The research emphases should be focused on the mechanism of dechlorination reactions and the solutions to key problems,such as low dechlorination efficiency.In addition,the necessity of HCl removal was discussed in the process of biomass gasification reforming for the hydrogen production coupling with CO2 capture using Ca-based sorbents.The possible effect of HCl on cyclic CO2 capture by Ca-based sorbents was proposed.Furthermore,the competitive reaction rules and interaction mechanisms between HCl and CO2with Ca-based sorbents and their cooperative control method should be investigated.It is significantly important to simultaneously capture CO2 and HCl in the biomass gasification reforming for hydrogen production.


We revisit dust placed near the Earth–Sun L1 Lagrange point as a possible climate-change mitigation measure. Our calculations include variations in grain properties and orbit solutions with lunar and planetary perturbations. To achieve sunlight attenuation of 1.8%, equivalent to about 6 days per year of an obscured Sun, the mass of dust in the scenarios we consider must exceed 1010 kg. The more promising approaches include using high-porosity, fluffy grains to increase the extinction efficiency per unit mass, and launching this material in directed jets from a platform orbiting at L1. A simpler approach is to ballistically eject dust grains from the Moon's surface on a free trajectory toward L1, providing sun shade for several days or more. Advantages compared to an Earth launch include a ready reservoir of dust on the lunar surface and less kinetic energy required to achieve a sun-shielding orbit.


According to the difference in rock chemical property, the redbeds from E s 4 to Mesozoic in Dongying Depression which have not been divided for a long time because of lack of fossil are best divided by use of the "best division" numerical calculation in petrostratigraphy. Combining the palaeontologic fossil information from a few stratum and rock property from standard stratigraphic profile, the divided stratum is determined for a standard stratum, and the sub\|stratum is also divided. The scientific and rational method has been proved by following exploration. Meantime, the method has been applied to stratigraphic devision of the deepest exploration well-Haoke 1 in Dongying Depression. The method is a new thought for dividing a barren\|bed which lacks fossil information.


A 55-year-old woman with no significant medical history presented with a self-palpated mass in her breast. Physical examination revealed a 2-cm firm, mobile mass in her left breast. Imaging studies showed an irregular 1.7-cm hypoechoic solid mass with angular margins and no associated calcifications. Prior annual screening mammograms were negative. An ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy revealed a malignant spindle cell neoplasm with extensive chronromyxoid differentiation and a minor invasive ductal component, consistent with a metaplastic breast carcinoma (Figure 1). A proliferation of small, round glands with open lumina and eosinophilic secretions was present adjacent to the metaplastic carcinoma. These glands were lined by a single layer of uniform epithelial cells with clear to vacuolated cytoplasm (Figure 2). An immunohistochemical stain for p63 confirmed the absence of myoepithelial cells around the small glands while demonstrating scattered expression in the spindle cell component of the metaplastic carcinoma (Figure 3A and B). S100 showed strong and diffuse nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in the glandular epithelium, and moderate expression throughout the metaplastic carcinoma, specifically in the chondroid elements (Figure 3C and D). Taken together, a diagnosis of metaplastic carcinoma with associated microglandular adenosis (MGA) was rendered. All components of the tumor, including the MGA, were negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER-2/neu. MGA, a rare finding in the breast, is histologically characterized by an infiltrative proliferation of uniform small round glands with open lumina, eosinophilic secretions, and lack of a myoepithelial cell layer within normal breast stroma. MGA has a distinct immunophenotype of diffuse cytokeratin and S100 expression, lack of myoepithelial cells, and lack of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu expression. MGA may mimic well-differentiated invasive breast carcinoma; however, clues to MGA include the lack of 697822 IJSXXX10.1177/1066896917697822International Journal of Surgical PathologyMuller and Jorns research-article2017


The dimensions and forms of precise machined parts are different to kinds of machine. It will be variant according to machine wear, tool form, cutting method and cutting condition at the same machine. At that time, the most important things are controlled and measured by appropriate measuring instruments. This paper aims to contribute to improving measurement accuracy through evaluation and consideration about various roundness in the machining company.


The traditional way of enhance picture quantity has many problems.Tubbs used Beta function B(α,β) to enhance function of picture.,but how to determine the Beta parameters is still a complex issue.This paper describes the use of quantum genetic algorithm for nonlinear transformation parameters α and β,which adaptive to achieve gray-scale image enhancement.Finally,through simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of genetic algorithms to enhance image.