Various important issues in the theory of multivariate splines lead to the following problem. Given some family of commuting endomorphismsLx,x?X, on some vector spaceS, determine the dimension of the intersection of null spaces of certain products ?v?VL?vv,V?X, of these endomorphisms. In this paper we reinterpret such problems in the general framework of homological algebra. This allows us not only to rederive the results by Dahmen and Micchelli (Adv. in Math.76,1989, 33?93), as well as some related recent results by de Boor and Ron, Shen, Jia, and Riemenschneider, but also to extend them in various directions that are not accessible by the techniques employed in these papers.


Nitrogen‐doped carbon inverse opal (CIO‐N) is synthesized by a two‐step process involving the infiltration of carbon‐nitrogen precursors within opals followed by the thermolysis and removal of the opal structure in hydrofluoric acid (HF). Undoped samples exhibit a reflection peak in the red region of the spectrum whereas N‐doped samples display shifts to the blue region of the spectrum as the nitrogen content is increased. The degree of crystallinity of CIO‐N strongly depends upon the nitrogen content and on the size of the precursor silica particles used to prepare the inverted opals. In addition, the introduction of nitrogen into the samples is able to increase the electrical conductivity by one order of magnitude from 2 to 30 S cm‐1 (at room temperature). All samples are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity measurements. It is envisaged that CIO‐N could have important applications in the fabrication of photonic crystals, photoconducting materials, molecular sensors, field emission devices, capacitors, batteries, among many others.


In this paper, we propose a novel codebook design scheme for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) to improve system performance. The optimization process can be implemented efficiently by the lexicographic ordering principle. By applying the proposed codebook design, all subcarrier activation patterns with a fixed number of active subcarriers will be explored. Furthermore, as the number of active subcarriers is fixed, the computational complexity for estimation at the receiver is reduced and the zero-active subcarrier dilemma is solved without involving complex higher layer transmission protocols. It is found that the codebook design can potentially provide a tradeoff between diversity and transmission rate. We investigate the diversity mechanism and formulate three diversity-rate optimization problems for the proposed OFDM-IM system. Based on the genetic algorithm, the method of solving these formulated optimization problems is provided and verified to be effective. Then, we analyze the average block error rate and bit error rate of the OFDM-IM systems applying the codebook design. Finally, all analyses are numerically verified by the Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, a series of comparisons are provided, by which the superiority of the codebook design is confirmed.


The article forms the rationale for using the regression algorithms to detect and recognize the non-stationary non-centered signals and noise taking into account the specifics of the short-range autonomous information systems (SRAIS) under conditions of unknown mathematical expectations of informative parameters of signals. When representing each sample realization of the non-stationary processes, subordinated to the normal law of distribution of probabilities, in discrete time, based on the approximate Kotelnikov theorem to solve the problems of signal detection and recognition on the background of band white noise were obtained the expressions for the coefficients of private plausibility of the respective hypotheses. The resulting algorithms require computation of quadratic forms and knowledge of the expectations of selected informative parameters. It is shown that taking into consideration the specific SRAIS – equality relations of mathematical expectation to the RMS values in the samples and high correlation coefficients of the parameter estimates of informative parameters – it is possible to proceed from calculating the quadratic forms in the signal processing algorithms to calculating the modules of errors of multiple initial regression representations for linear correlation. The article justifies the regression algorithms to form the areas of decision-making in which relative distances from the initial regression line are restricted, that is, the algorithms have a clear geometric meaning. Such algorithms can be applied regardless of the probability distribution of estimated random parameters of the signals (for unimodal distributions), since a priori information about the coefficients of the initial regression is obtained when investigating the correlations curves of the random parameters of the signal in the entire area of their change in linear correlation. In non-linear correlation in the SRAIS, using the information on the application conditions it is possible to make alterations of parameters of decision-making algorithms. The article investigates the performance and decision-making regression algorithm to detect the correlated two-dimensional non-centered random vectors for the normal distributions of signal and noise with different primary regression specifications. The considered regression algorithms can be applied in SRAIS to improve noise immunity when solving the tasks of detection and recognition of signals and noise.


As stated in the preface, finding a suitable and satisfactory model to explain the underlying patterns in ecological data is always a big challenge. The book tackles this difficulty and provides a 'down to earth' guide to various data analysis techniques, which will address the statistical needs of the great majority of contemporary ecological and environmental researchers. The authors' enthusiasm for their subjects shines through this book. Across a wide diversity of ecological disciplines, traditional statistical methods blended with interesting examples are used to illustrate problems and analytical approaches to practical data sets. The book aims to give readers sufficient information to apply statistical methodology in a correct and useful way. The book contains 37 chapters, and can be broadly divided into two parts. Part I presents a collection of applied statistical techniques mainly of interest to ecologists. The progression of topics in Part I can generally be segregated into four categories. (1) The first four chapters provide essential background material for data management and exploration. (2) The regression chapters (5 to 9) start with the fundamentals of simple regression and clearly describe the meaning and application of the technique, then progressing naturally through to advanced regressions, such as generalised linear modelling, generalised additive modelling and mixed modelling. The issues related to the whole modelling framework are also presented, with emphasis on deciding on the amount of complexity to allow in the model and on selecting a suitable number of predictors. (3) Chapters 10–15 concentrate largely on what might loosely be described as multivariate analysis. It covers the most important multivariate methods in terms of current use, including principal component and redundancy analysis, correspondence analysis, discriminant analysis and principal coordinate analysis. (4) Chapters 16–19 give general discussion of time series analysis and spatial statistics. In general, each chapter deals with a particular technique by presenting the objectives and problems behind it, some definitions, a short overview of the method, technical aspects and illustrative examples. Part II (the remaining chapters) presents 18 case studies covering a wide variety of ecological subjects. The data sets for most case studies are available on the web (www.highstat.com). This is not an overly technical part as the more technical details are mostly presented in Part I, so they can be referred to when required. Each case study is not only related to a single method, but also requires the use of various methods. Each case study generally provides a discussion of the pros and cons of a given type of analysis and furnishes the reader with pertinent information concerning the conditions under which a method is preferred, mentioning alternatives. These case studies are very nicely done, although at times they make the text a little disjointed, they are generally very helpful and are interesting in their own right.


Objective:A HPLC method was established for the determination of meloxicam and its related substances.Methods:The separation was performed on a Alltech Alltima C\-\{18\} column (250 mm×46 mm).The mobile phase was composed of 025% sodium n-octyl sulfonate in acetonitrile-phosphate salt solution (65∶35).The detection was carried out with a dinode array detector at 355 nm and 271 nm respectively.Results:The calibration curves were linear between 9~110 μg·mL -1(r=0999 8).Conclusion:This method is simple,rapid,accurate and is suitable for the determination of meloxicam and its related substances.


One of the striking features of modern globalization is the rising prominence of
multi-stakeholder organizations in international economic relations. This rising prominence can be attributed to the quest by States for recognition by international donor institution. Cameroon's adherence to the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiativeould safely be attributed to this motive. The EITI is an initiative whose main objective is to promote transparency and accountability in the extractive industry's resources management. EITI's main objective when it was first created was to tackle the intractable problem known as the "resource curse", by encouraging resource-rich but governance-poor developing countries such as Cameroon, to create domestic systems to improve transparency and social participation in their natural resource sectors. Only resource-rich developing countries were expected to implement EITI, while all other stakeholders –including developed countries –were expected to support the initiative and participate in compliance verification. This article seeks to find out whether by adhering to this initiative, the government has abandoned her sovereign right of governance in favour of collective governance so as to achieve transparency. After examining the concept of State sovereignty and the importance of transparency in the management of oil revenue in Cameroon, this article concludes that adherence to the EITI is merely a smokescreen not intended to affect the sovereign right of governance in any way.


This study examines what the Indonesian government has done after the declaration of the COVID-19 outbreak as PHEIC by WHO in terms of regulations and regulations. This research legal philosophical in the analysis of quietus politic theory concludes that the element of urgency in the determination of health emergencies is non-negotiable in its handling.


In this paper, in order to improve the comprehensive reliability of the ship and improve its maintenance engineering, the domestic anti-rear device of a marine ship in China is taken as the research.The system structure and working principle of the anti-rear device of the naval gun are analyzed. Compared with the previous FMECA method, which is difficult to obtain quantitative results after partial fuzzy description, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to improve the FMECA method to form a fuzzy FMECA method in this paper. The selection principle of reliability key parts and the quantitative risk analysis of process failure mode are given. The functional FMECA table is obtained through fault mode data analysis. The results show that the highest damage in the manufacture of the control rod is the roughness in the grinding process.It also shows that the fuzzy FMECA is effective and has a positive effect on improving the reliability of the system. Improvement measures are proposed for this failure mode,at the same time, the maintenance engineering of the anti-rear device of the naval gun is also given.


In this paper, through empirical and analytical evidences, we show that manufacturing system design does have an impact on product quality. We suggest several research opportunities addressing the quality implications in manufacturing system design from the automotive industry perspective. Finally, we present application studies to model and analyze the impact of manufacturing system design on quality.


Three new complexes, [Eu(2-IBA)3 · H2O] n (1), [Eu(2-IBA)3 · 2,2′-bpy]2 (2), and [Eu(2-IBA)3 ·phen]2 (3) (2-IBA = 2-iodobenzoato; 2,2′-bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized, and their crystal structures determined by X-ray diffraction. In complex 1, Eu3+ ions are linked through carboxylate groups via bridging – chelating – bridging coordination modes to form a one-dimensional polymeric chain. The carboxylate groups are tetradentate-bridged. Complex 2 is binuclear with an inversion center, in which europium is nine-coordinated with seven oxygen atoms from five 2-IBA ligands and two nitrogen atoms from one 2,2′-bpy molecule in a distorted monocapped square antiprism. The crystal structure of 3 is similar to that of 2. These complexes emit red light luminescence. The 5 D 0 → 7 F j (j = 1–4) transition emission of Eu3+ ion has been observed.


Fecundity of Pachycheles haigae Rodrigues da Costa, 1960 (Crustacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae) in Ubatuba (SP), Brazil A population of Pachycheles haigae was sampled in July (N=38), September (N=46) and November/1990 (N=73) in the intertidal rocky coast of Praia Grande in Ubatuba, SP, to estimate its potential and seasonal fecundity. A regression analysis for number of eggs (NO) versus carapace length (CC) relationship was applied to ovigerous females in each month and to the total population (N=157). The best fit equation to represent each group of data was the power function. The number of eggs of this species ranged from 2 to 775 (average of 157 eggs) and Recebido em 24 de setembro de 1993 Aceito em 5 de abril de 1995 Distribuido em I de novembro de 1995 Correspondencia para: M. A. A. Pinheiro Rev. Brasil. Biol., 55 (4):623-631 624 MARCELO ANTONIO AMARO PINHEIRO e ADILSON FRANSOZO the fecundity was represented by the equation NO =4.94.10-.CC.. The data showed a sazonality in the P. haigae fecundity indicating a possible negative influence of warmes water temperatures. The comparative fecundity analysis of this species with others of the same family was analyzed to verify inter-specific variations in this taxonomic category.


a thorough and up-to-date bibliography, and it underlines the wealth and diversity of British contributions to the field of fluvial geomorphology. The book offers, in addition, nationwide information (generally in map form) and summaries which in many cases provide the very first national perspectives on our river systems. The volume also enables the discerning reader to chart the diffusion of research initiatives from the few 'heartlands' of fluvial geomorphology in Britain in the early 1970s (such as Bristol, Cambridge, Exeter and Liverpool). Any book, particularly a multiauthor compilation, will have its weaknesses. In this volume the standard of production and presentation is extremely high, which enhances the attraction of the volume but accounts in part for the high price; weaknesses relate more to personal views on important omissions and imbalances. Some readers might be surprised at the lack of more detailed review of the plethora of British studies of drainage basin morphometry and channel networks, and there is no allusion to important contributions to the literature by such workers as, for example, Gardiner and Werritty. Perhaps also the dearth of commentary on the relevance of contemporary measurements for reconstructing past river systems, and of the significance of inherited fluvial features (although both themes are explored a little), will disappoint some readers. In addition, whilst each individual chapter is rounded off with a brief conclusion, all except that by Newson offer few predictions or guidelines to what might be the most important research questions of the future, and there is little overall resolution of fundamental gaps in our understanding of British rivers.


David S. Paul THE EFFECTS OF ARSENIC ON GLUCOSE METABOLISM IN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO MODELS (Under the direction of Miroslav Stýblo) Epidemiologic studies have reported an increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in populations exposed to high levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in drinking-water. Laboratory research suggests that arsenicals may interfere with processes related to glucose metabolism. This dissertation describes research that: 1) Examines the mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (ISGU) in cultured adipocytes and 2) Establishes an in vivo model for arsenic-induced diabetes using C57BL/6 mice. We examined the effects of arsenite (iAs) and its trivalent metabolites, methylarsonous acid (MAs), and dimethylarsinous acid (DMAs) on components of the insulin-activated signal transduction pathway that regulate ISGU in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We demonstrated that subtoxic concentrations of iAs and MAs inhibit ISGU in adipocytes through a mechanism that involves the inhibition of phosphoinositide dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1) catalyzed phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt). The mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of ISGU by DMAs were found to be independent of PKB/Akt activation.


The invention relates to novel amino acid derivatives compounds of formula (I) as well as cosmetic or dermatological compositions containing them and their use as treatment agent of human perspiration in a cosmetic composition. The invention also relates to a cosmetic process for treating perspiration and optionally body odors related to perspiration particular human axillary odors.


The American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) has been formally debating taking an official position on the death penalty since at least 1998. It is clear that there are divergent views on the appropriateness of capital punishment, the involvement of psychiatrists in various stages of death penalty proceedings, the propriety of AAPL's taking a stand on this (or any) sociopolitical issue, and even the most effective and democratic methodology for assessing the views of the membership on such matters. Twice since 1998, the organization has used a referendum to solicit opinion on this subject. Debate in AAPL's Council following the first referendum resulted in AAPL's taking a position calling for a moratorium on the use of the death penalty.


The interpretation of The Book of Poetry contributes a great deal to the formation of early Confucian philosophy.This observation is strongly supported by the commentary texts in the excavated materials.One important feature of these texts is that in commenting on The Book of Poetry the author invokes nothing but The Book of Poetry itself.In the formula "the Master says: '…' …according to The Book of Poetry…." found in Black Garment on bamboo slips,one can detect a real logical structure,that is,"the Master says" is in conjunction with "according to the Book of Poetry." This indicates that the author,well cultivated in the tradition of learning of The Book of Poetry,successfully developed a discourse that makes the teachings of Confucius and The Book of Poetry mutually interpretive.The author of Five Elements on the unearthed bamboo slips and silk interprets the doctrine of five elements from the Confucian perspective by alluding to The Book of Poetry.The Confucian political philosophy developed in People's Parents revolves around a number of important subject matters.The author was quite strategic in that he deliberately presented these subject matters with quotations from The Book of Poetry.This formula can be seen in various materials handed down to us and it set up a good example of constructing a philosophical argument by interpreting The Book of Poetry.The excavation of Confucius on the Book of Poetry,the earliest Confucian text on The Book of Poetry ever known to us,brought to light "the Learning of The Book of Poetry" at the early stage of the canonization of Confucian Classics.These four documents represent the typical form of the interpretation of The Book of Poetry by early Confucian thinkers.This kind of interpretation plays a constructive role for early Confucian philosophy.


Aamir R. Mufti's Enlightenment in the Colony: The Jewish Question and the Crisis of Postcolonial Culture is an extremely important and original contribution to contemporary debates on postcolonial culture and politics. At the same time, because of its remarkable mastery over a large and varied body of texts and histories, it should be an essential read for anyone interested in subjects as diverse as imperial culture, the 'Jewish Question' in modern Europe, modern Urdu literature, postcolonial novels and so on. Mufti's book is a critical probing of what is described as the 'crisis' of modern, and more specifically postcolonial, secularism and the way this crisis is made visible by the 'terrorized and terrifying figures of minority' (2). The central problematic is explored through the contested figure of the Muslim minority in modern India indeed, the book is written under the long shadow of the destruction of the Babri Mosque at Ayodhya in December 1992 and how this minority figure forces one to rethink the liberal notions of secularism, nation-state, citizenship or even democracy. The argument he puts forward is manifold, but the fundamental claim is that the 'crisis of Muslim identity must be understood in terms of the problematic of secularization and minority in post-Enlightenment liberal culture as a whole and therefore cannot be understood in isolation from the history of the so called Jewish Question in modern Europe' (2). Drawing on a vast body of theoretical works from the Frankfurt School to subaltern studies, from Lukács to Said Mufti suggests


This paper introduces a sports day for programming, a one-day workshop, that includes ideation, design, implementation, peer review, and a Eurovision style finale. It is a summative assessment introduced to an introductory programming course for the degree Creative Technology. While the course includes both formative and summative assessment in tutorials as is common programming courses, both students and teaching team felt that students lacked programming experience to be properly prepared for their final project. Rather than adding another assessment or projects, we developed the sports day. The term sports day stresses the competitive element, the team aspect, and also that it includes different disciplines, namely ideation, design, implementation, code review and presentation. This paper explains how this setup was developed to suit the educational philosophy of the degree, how it is implemented, and reports on experiences and evaluations of this annual event.


Concerned with computing utilizing mini computers, this book presents basic building blocks first, working up to higher level languages. A carefully graded set of problems allows the reader to learn by doing. And the text contains a unique set of problems that can be done easily on small machines. Complete and unusual programs are given in full in printout form. Necessary parallels between mini and larger machines are drawn and contraints of mini computers are pointed out. All material in the text has been tested. Varian 620 is the reference machine but material applies to any of approximately 14 mini computers now on the market.


Classroom action recognition is a hot research in educational teaching environment combined with artificial intelligence technology, through which action recognition can quantify students' concentration in classroom. In this study, we propose an advanced 3D and 2D branching fusion action recognition model for recognizing students' actions in the classroom environment. The experimental results show that the classroom action recognition model has high accuracy and speed, and can accurately and quickly identify specific high-frequency classroom actions, which can then be effectively used for students' classroom concentration analysis. Accurate identification of students' classroom actions and quantification of their classroom attention can not only provide reference for teachers of relevant courses, but also provide data support for teaching quality assessment at school level, ultimately helping to improve the quality of classroom teaching.


HIV-associated dementia is the most common neuropsychiatric problem found among persons infected with HIV. The authors review the research findings on HIV-associated dementia and discuss the pattern of cognitive changes characteristic of this disorder. An overview of the various organic mental disorders found in HIV-infected individuals and how they can be detected and differentiated from other neuropsychiatric illnesses, specifically HIV-associated dementia, is provided. This article provides the clinician with information necessary to detect HIV-associated dementia early, make a correct differential diagnosis, and provide the most effective mental health treatment services for this patient population.


Until the current moment, mankind is not realized that there is a diverse population of intelligent civilizations living in our universe. In the current article we will deduce the occurrence/existence of extraterrestrial life by mathematical proof. I would show you that even inside our galaxy, the Milky Way, a sufficient number of alien creatures are living. The first section includes an algebraic probabilistic proof when the event of life is not highly biased and the second section includes a proof by contradiction that describes the event fundamentally. It's a mathematical proof for the extraterrestrial life debate, for the first time in mankind's history.


We are numerically investigating the performances of surface plasmon sensors based on transition metal nitrides instead of noble metals, such as silver and gold. These alternative metal presents improved thermal and mechanical properties that support the design of better sensors for harsh environment. The result show that titanium nitride and zirconium nitride are viable alternative to silver as the sensitivity of sensors using these metals is better than sensors using silver. Keywords—Transition metal nitrides, SPR sensors


The electrochemical behaviour of sodium dithionite at a platinum electrode has been investigated in this paper. Two oxidation waves of sodium dithionite were observed with formation of sulfite as a stable intermediate species. It has been found that the oxidation of sodium dithionite to sulfite, according to the first wave, is controlled by the rate of mass transport, the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate, however, is not purely controlled by transport phenomena. Using the ratio of the limiting currents of both oxidation waves it was possible to determine the diffusion coefficient of sodium dithionite by extrapolation to the small rotation rate of the platinum electrode. From the obtained results it is also advisable to make use of the first oxidation reaction for analytical purposes.


Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of the quantitative assessment of enhancement on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for diagnosing solid hypo-echoic thyroid nodules (SHTNs). Methods: A total of 87 SHTNs were imaged by both conventional ultrasound (CUS) and CEUS. The sonographic features, enhancement pattern, and dynamic perfusion changes of the thyroid lesion were evaluated and compared. The final diagnosis was based on histological findings. Results: Of all nodes, 32 were benign, and 55 were malignant. The benign thyroid nodules mainly exhibited diffuse enhancement. The 55 malignant nodules mainly exhibited absent or faint dotted enhancement patterns. Quantitative analysis of CEUS revealed that the Peak enhancement and area under the curve (AUC) of malignant nodules were markedly reduced compared to those of benign nodules. Significant differences between CEUS and CUS were noted with respect to the sensitivity, negative predictive value, false negative rate and accuracy. Conclusions: CEUS is a promising imaging-based approach that can assist in the differential diagnosis of solid hypo-echoic thyroid nodules.


SUMMARY Suicidal behavior, in its different manifestations, represents an international public health problem, being one of the ten main causes of general mortality and one of the three top main causes of death in adolescence and young adulthood. The statistics of suicidal attempts are also very worrying, even more if it is considered that for each case of suicide attempt attended in a health-care center, it is estimated that there are four non-reported and non-attended cases. Several studies report the importance of considering the role of some risk factors such as a family loss, a family history of suicidal behaviors, severe mental health problems in the family, economic problems, personality disorders, non-stable mood state, aggressiveness, impulsiveness and social alienation. When those problems are combined with alcohol or drug abuse, the suicide risk is higher. The presence of suicidal behaviors in Latin-Americans high school and university students has been reported by different papers in which the suicidal ideation indicators range from 8% to 25% and the suicide attempts vary from 8% to 12%. In these papers the difference between women and men is highlighted, given that the first group has a higher propensity of suicidal attempts and men group is in full risk of comitted suicide. There are no statistics that confirm the differences between high school and university students. Some studies have confirmed the importance of stressful life events in the suicide phenomenon during adolescents, especially of interpersonal and emotional stressors. Few studies have inquired about the characteristics of suicidal behaviors in student population in Colombia. For this reason, health promotion and suicide prevention actions have not reached the expected effects. The purpose of this study is to know the prevalence and the characteristics of suicidal behavior in high school and college students in the city of San Juan de Pasto. A descriptive study was developed with 463 students belonging to six high schools and two universities, which ensures equal proportions regarding level (high school or university), gender and type of education (public or private). Their ages range from 9 to 30 years old. The Parasuicide Indicators Schedule (CIP-Cédula de Indicadores Parasuicidas) was applied; it was part of a battery of tests of the «Adaptation and validation of psychological instruments in students of San Juan de Pasto» project, which was approved by the ethical committee of the University of Nariño. The stressful life events questionnaire for adolescents (Cuestionario de Eventos …


AbstractThis paper presents the results of experimental research on the fire response of steel beams and their end-plate connections in column-tree moment-resisting frames (CMRFs). Using subframe a...


This policy exists "to establish eligibility criteria to regulate the participation of transgender and 46 XY DSD (differences of sex development) athletes in the men's and women's categories in aquatic sports," FINA says.1 To fulfil this, however, the policy requires that all athletes undergo a test to "certify their chromosomal sex."1 Additionally, FINA reserves the right to undertake further medical assessment for the purposes of category eligibility where the federation deems it necessary.


Abstract The observed thermal and current structures in the coastal waters off Bombay during summer monsoon are presented. The thermal structure was characterized by a sharp thermocline (2·5 °C in 10 m) sandwiched between upper and bottom isothermal layers. Pre-monsoonal heating in the surface layers and strong monsoonal vertical mixing over the remnants of the winter water caused the formation of the three layer structure. Residual flow within the upper isothermal layer was 90° to the right of the prevailing southwesterly surface wind; whereas it was easterly within and below the thermocline. Currents at different levels exhibited rotary nature and the change in the direction of flow between all levels was in phase. FFT analysis revealed the dominance of semi-diurnal tidal frequency over the diurnal frequency. The mixed layer characteristics were simulated using the one dimensional numerical models of Miller (1976) and Niiler and Kraus (1977). Minimum departure between observed and simulated mixed layer depth (r.m.s. error ± 5 m) and mixed layer temperature (r.m.s. error ± 0·1 °C) was obtained with the model of Niiler and Kraus (1977). The cooler and deeper mixed layer simulated by the model of Miller (1976) was attributed to improper parameterizations of convective efficiency and solar radiation absorption.


Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-0507 / Experience and Expertise: Core pillars to the successful performance of lung biopsies, minimizing procedure related complications and enhancing patient wellbeing." by: "B. Jankharia, P. Lathi Somani, N. Burute; Mumbai/IN"


Although an extensive literature is available concerning the design of travel surveys, fewer research initiatives have been carried out to determine the content of the survey itself. The objective of the present work is to identify such minimum set through a survey (MTSQ - Mini-Travel Survey Questionnaire) targeted to experts in this field. Moreover, it is investigated whether unanimity exists in the experts' opinions concerning the importance of various types of questions and whether regional and/or professional differences exist. The MTSQ survey was successfully completed by 81 respondents in October-November 2012, mainly from Europe and North America. The study identified the most important questions, which should form the core of any National Household Travel Survey (NHTS). This list is especially useful for countries which do not yet have implemented a NHTS, and for defining the set of questions in case a harmonized household travel survey spanning across different countries will be initialized. Our analyses also clearly pinpointed different evaluations according to the experts' characteristics, thus it could be concluded that unanimity is certainly not complete. Thus, whenever developing standards for travel surveys, these differences should be taken into account, according to both the prospective data users the intended data usages. Especially the differences with respect to the regional context (North-American versus European), and involvement with the NHTS implementation process were found to be significant


The effect of the Thinking Skills Programme (TSP) on prison behaviour and psychometric outcomes was evaluated. Different factors were evaluated to assess if they had an impact on the outcomesPrison behaviour was analysed for those who had completed TSP at a Young Offenders Institute (N=199). Offence type, sentence type, risk level, need for the programme and treatment readiness were assessed to identify their impact. Psychometrics were analysed to assess for clinically significant change and the factors above were also considered. Findings of behaviour analysis were compared to findings for psychometric analysis to check for correlations.Behaviour significantly improved six months after completion of TSP. Behaviour at the end of the course and sentence type significantly contributed towards this. The most clinically significant change was found on the impulsivity measure. Three of the measures had factors which significantly contributed towards change. There were small correlations between behaviour change and clinically significant change.The results demonstrate that prison behaviour in Young Offenders is improved six months after completing TSP and that some clinically significant change is shown.


To optimize the Sabatier process, quaternary supported catalyst materials are synthesized and tested. The syntheses are performed by the industrially established, reproducible and automated methods of impregnation and sol–gel synthesis. The screening of the 588 quaternary catalysts is carried out in a specially designed 10-fold parallel gas flow micro-structured reactor as wall catalysts in sequential operation mode at a temperature of T = 573 K and a pressure of p = 15 bar. For the description of the activity, the reaction parameters CO2 conversion, CH4 yield, and CH4/CO2 selectivity are used. These are determined by analyses of the gas phase composition using µGC-FID. The catalysts with the highest activities are validated in a micro-structured reactor with similar characteristics as the screening reactor in the temperature range between T = 573–673 K and a pressure of p = 15 bar. Characterization by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, and scanning transmission electron microscopic images data on the phase and element distribution after calcination and reduction was conducted.


The main intentions of this thesis are to study the existing camera-based motion sensing techniques and to propose an efficient camera-based motion sensing technique for mobile phones user interaction design.


This paper considers the problem of performing classification by model-averaging over a class of discrete Bayesian network structures consistent with a partial ordering and with bounded in-degree k. We show that for N nodes this class contains in the worst-case at least Ω( ( N/2 k )N/2 ) distinct network structures, but we show that this summation can be performed in O( ( N k ) · N) time. We use this fact to show that it is possible to efficiently construct a single directed acyclic graph (DAG) whose predictions approximate those of exact model-averaging over this class, allowing approximate model-averaged predictions to be performed in O(N) time. We evaluate the procedure in a supervised classification context, and show empirically that this technique can be beneficial for classification even when the generating distribution is not a member of the class being averaged over, and we characterize the performance over several parameters on simulated and real-world data.


Since contemporary views of learning and teaching place learners in the center of learning process, most of the researchers and practitioners have directed their attention to understanding what goes on in the mind of the learners during the process of learning and teaching. In the area of English language learning and teaching this perspective have also been adopted and for more than three decades one of the main concerns of the researchers and practitioners have been on exploring the factors influencing the language learners in the learning and teaching process. 'Learner beliefs' have been identified as one of the main the sources of learners' actions and decisions in this process. Therefore, in this study the researcher aimed to explore the English language learning beliefs of the students studying in the Guidance and Counseling Department at one of the Universities in Northern Cyprus. It also explored if the participants' perceptions about English language learning showed differences according to gender and age. 132 first year student teachers studying in the Department of Guidance and Counseling Department at a University in North Cyprus were the participants of the study. 65 female and 67 male student teachers participated in this investigation. In order to collect data about the student teachers' perceptions regarding English language learning "English Language Learning Beliefs Inventory (BALLI)" version 2 was utilized. The questionnaire consisted of 44 items and the responses were given according to the 5-point Likert Scale. The findings revealed significant differences between the male and female participants' perceptions about English language learning beliefs. The participant student teachers' perceptions about language learning beliefs differed significantly in relation to age.


Smart technology, like wearable sensors or biochips, presents a vast capacity for monitoring vital signs, assess patients' behaviour and context, and simultaneously provide feedback with a significant effect in diagnosis, treatment, and control of diseases. Many chronic disease, in particular Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), patients need to monitor their behaviour and register their disease history (e.g. symptoms, medication intake), as well as collect their physiological data, in order to control the disease, find correlations between their behaviour and the disease progress and help doctors to adjust treatment and promote patients behaviour changes. We have been working in the use of m-health applications by chronic disease patients to facilitate self-management of their diseases and increase their autonomy. We are now studying the use of wearable devices and biochips to automatically collect patients' data and empower them in managing their own health conditions.


The number of vehicle navigation devices has increased tremendously during the last years. The digital maps of these systems contain a lot of valuable information that provides benefit for other features besides route guidance as well. The area of potential applications reaches from driver information and warning up-to comfort and active safety applications, so-called ADAS1. Since built-in sensors are limited to a relatively short range, digital map data can be used to "look" much further into the direction of the vehicle's path. The map data, e.g. road geometry, number of lanes, speed limits, etc. is provided on a vehicle bus system as the so-called Electronic Horizon. European automotive industry has teamed up in the ADASIS Forum to develop a common standardized interface to access the Electronic Horizon. Ford Research & Advanced Engineering Europe has developed a prototype system for Lane Keeping Assistance as one application example.


We report the case of a 49‐year‐old woman suffering from a malignant neoplasm of Langerhans cells (LC), documented by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis, and review the literature to examine and characterize the clinical and laboratory features, therapy, and prognosis of malignant neoplasms of LC. Langerhans cell histiocytosis is now regarded as a disorder of immune regulation or an inflammatory process, rather than as a malignant neoplasm. Although LC share certain features in common with ordinary histiocytes or interdigitating dendritic cells, they also differ significantly from these cells in other respects. Therefore, we propose designating a malignant neoplasm of LC 'malignant Langerhans cell tumour' and that it should be considered as a separate entity from Langerhans cell histiocytosis or other malignant histiocytoses.


This paper describes a grade/study-performance contract that was designed to increase student retention while maintaining academic performance levels in undergraduate organic chemistry. The experimental course included enhanced communication using electronic mail, and cooperative learning in addition to grade/study-performance contracts. The objective of the grade/study-performance contract was the development of learning skills with creation of a basis for unobtrusive auditing of performance. The retention rate in the experimental course was 0.82 for the first term and 0.93 for the second term. The overall retention was 0.76. This value was 3.8 times the average retention for the same sequence in the previous five years at the same institution. It was seven standard deviations away from the previous mean. The ACS Organic Chemistry Examination percentile score for the control section was 46+25 (n=117). The corresponding data for the experimental section was 53+23 (n=143). When the course was offered with ...


Microfinance is experiencing an unprecedented investment boom. The microfinance industry continues to grow at a rate of more than 30 percent a year, and the supply of funds for growth is only one-fifth of total demand. To meet this demand there has been an increase in international investors in microfinance institutions (MFIs).


Non-coding RNA is a kind of RNA, without protein coding function, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies show that long non-coding RNA, circRNA and pseudogenes play tumor-promoting and anti-tumor effects in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, which can regulate all kinds of malignant biological behaviors of gastric cancer such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis through internal competitive RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. In addition, studies show that small interfering RNA and Piwi-interacting RNA may also be related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.

Key words:
Stomach neoplasms; Non-coding RNA


Publisher: Scolari, 2455 Teller Rd, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320; phone: (805) 499-3325; fax: (805) 499-0871; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Web site: www. scolari.com Year of publication: 1998 Version reviewed: Multimedia version Requirements: Windows 95/98 or NT. Pentium with 16 MB RAM, SVGA display, sound card, speakers for audio. Materials: CD with online printable tutorials. 18-page printed program overview Price: $315, $555 educational users Summary: Designed by a psychotherapist for transcribing, coding, and analyzing dialogues between doctor and patient, Code-A-Text is at its best when the therapist simply adds new information to an ongoing record of previous dialogues that have already been analyzed. The program is not primarily a system for the analysis of textual content. Rather, it is a tool for clinicians to use in managing and tracking analytic observations. The system helps the analyst's record observations, code their occurrences, and link these directly to assigned locations in transcripts and recordings of clinical sessions. Code-A-Text can then be useful for further analysis when clinicians wish to review or reanalyze observations made during a number of different sessions. This is not a production research system. We ran the program on a small sample of 500 lines of text with one interview topic from 30 different respondents—parsing required about 20 seconds to complete on a 133-megahertz laptop with plenty of RAM. As a production research house, we regularly process 500 pages of verbatim transcripts from 500 respondents with 10 to 15 different topics or segments in each interview. Using a Pentium 450 with high-speed drives, each topic might require 2 to 3 hours or more of parsing before analysis could begin.


The fact that generalized Appell sequences of monogenic polynomials in the setting of hypercomplex function theory also satisfy a corresponding binomial type theorem allows to obtain their explicit structure. Recently it has been obtained a complete characterization in the case of paravector valued homogeneous polynomials of three real variables. The aim of this contribution is the study of paravector valued homogeneous polynomials of four real variables, where new types of generalized Appell sequences could be detected.


The surface of low density polyethylene film was modified using low temperature O2 plasma under the condition of working pressure of 20 Pa and treatment power of 30 W. The results were analyzed with water contact angle measurement, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), dif- ferential scanning calorimetry(DSC), scanned electron microscopy(SEM), atomic force microscopy(AFM), etc.. The results showed that the weight loss rate of per unit area was improved as linearity with the increase of the treatment time of 10 s∼300 s; the water contact angle was gradually decreased in the 0∼20 s and theirs values did not change obviously during the 40 s∼300 s treatment time; the evolution of water contact angle was gradually increased with the aging time; the surface of low density polyethylene could form some polar species such as carbonyl, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups and the thermal behaviors (mainly crystallinity) were changed after treatment by low temperature O2 plasma.


AbstractThis paper examines the short-term resistance ability of two different cementitious systems prepared using silty clay as a major component against 5 wt% sodium sulfate and 5 wt% magnesium sulfate solutions. The two cementitious systems are clay–portland cement and clay-high calcium fly ash (FA) geopolymer. The 28-day strength of the clay-FA geopolymer is up to 1.2 times higher than that of clay-cement. The results show that the physical performance of clay-FA geopolymer when exposed to sulfate solution is better than that of clay-cement. While the geopolymer phase is prominent in the clay-FA geopolymer system, gypsum, and ettringite phases are present in both systems especially in the clay-cement system. The strength reduction in clay-cement with duration of sulfate exposure is caused by the formation of ettringite and crystallization of gypsum (observed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction) as well as the decalcification of CSH phases. There is no major change in the microstructu...


Objectives A preterm boy was born with multiple anomalies including cleft palate and ventricular septal defect. Chromosome analysis on a blood sample identified additional material within the long arm of chromosome 2. Setting The newborn was in the neonatal intensive care unit requiring tertiary care during his 22 days of life. Results A supplementary fluorescent in situ hybridization test was performed to confirm the extra chromosomal material was chromosome 2. Parents' chromosomes were normal, indicating a de novo duplication of 2q13q23. Conclusion Comparison of this case with those in the literature suggests involvement of cleft palate of cases with duplication of 2q13.


Carbon nanomaterials, and especially graphene (a 2D carbon allotrope), possess unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties and allow access to both new physical phenomena and reinventions of familiar technologies. In the first part of this thesis (chapter 2), the low carrier density and high conductivity of graphene are used to repurpose the electric field effect (used for many decades in transistors) into a universally-applicable doping method for electrically-contacted semiconductors. This method, referred to as screening-engineered field-effect photovoltaics as the electric field doping is enabled by a carefully-designed poorly-screening electrode (e.g. graphene), is shown to open up many new low-cost and abundant semiconductors for use in high efficiency solar cells. We extend this method beyond ultrathin materials such as graphene and show that 1D nanowire electrodes made of any material also allow penetration of applied electric fields. The next part of this thesis (chapter 3) focuses on the fundamental properties of graphene -- its structure, synthesis, characterization, and manipulation -- and on using graphene as a building block for other nanostructures: grafold, graphene sandwiches and veils, and graphritos. In chapter 4, various graphene electronics are constructed and tested. Graphene field-effect transistors (FETs) and p-n junctions are fabricated to study the influence of the substrate on graphene carrier mobility and doping. Graphene nanoribbons and grafold FETs are made to investigate the effects of additional confinement on electronic transport. Chapter 5 summarizes synthesis methods and additional experiments with other nanomaterials, including dichalcogenides and chalcogenides (magnesium diboride, gallium selenide, and tin sulfide), carbon nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes and graphene), and copper oxide. Additional measurement and fabrication methods are discussed in appendix A.


The statistical‐energy method of analysis is appropriate for many sound‐transmission problems. Continued research and usage have led to improved accuracy, especially for cylindrical structures.


This is a book review of "Abortion Across Borders: Transnational Travel and Access to Abortion Services" by Christabell Sethna and Gayle Davis (2019). Although "Abortion across Borders" makes many important points, there is one noticeable shortcoming: "Abortion across Borders" lacks an explicit discussion of rural women throughout most of the book. This book review draws common rural-based themes out of the essays and posits that rurality matters when discussing abortion travel. In summarizing the book, the editors make the intersectional argument that "un-even access to abortion services in local healthcare jurisdictions reinforces or exacerbates discrimination by gender, race, class, sexuality, age, and region." I agree with that statement, but argue that the authors should have included rurality on this list. Missing from much of the book is the fact that rural women face particular barriers in accessing abortion, particularly when travel is involved.


The possibility of a new class of gravitationally lensed objects in clusters of galaxies is discussed: faint pairs of highly magnified images, which are on the same side of the cluster and close together. We calculate that there could be several such pairs in every lensing cluster if the number counts of faint galaxies continued to rise up to B=29-30, with the same slope as for brighter sources, reaching values of order 1000 arcmin −2 . Such faint sources should also have small angular sizes, ∼0″.1, in order for the two magnified images to remain separate, rather than merging into an arc


The analysis of case records of 130 patients by hemorrhagic fever with nephritic syndrome, taking place in infectious hospitals of Primorsky Krai is done. At the analysis of a degree of incidence of an infection in 2005—2007 there were no easy forms of disease that, probably, is connected to small vigilance of doctors of a primary link. Clinical current of disease has classical signs at the hemorrhagic fever with nephritic syndrome, caused by serotypes Hantaan and Amur . For hemorrhagic fever with nephritic syndrome, associated with virus Seoul , cyclicity is less peculiar and polymorphism of clinical signs, including symptoms of lung and liver insufficiency is more often.


The automotive industry is the world's largest single economic activity providing 5.5, 6.5 and 7.9% of employment in the manufacturing sector in EU countries, the USA and Japan respectively (IMP 1).


In the given article the requirements to be fulfilled within the journalist's work in the conditions of the development of the information of the Internet-environment is considered. The conclusion is made that the authors of web-materials have to choose between the universalization and the narrow specialization of the profession. In the first case, journalists and bloggers need legal and editorial support.


There is described an enclosure for a standard loudspeaker mechanism which provides a compact sound source or artificial voice. With a size slightly larger than a human head, the frequency range is 100 to 7000 cps. A simple and reproducible arrangement of damping felt gives unusual flatness.This artificial voice can either be used in free space or with a small chamber arranged as an acoustic labyrinth, for testing microphones and hearing aids. In the chamber, calibrating microphone is mounted opposite the test microphone for continuous monitoring. Simple rc compensating networks are utilized to equalize the sound source for either free‐space or labyrinth measurements.


Aquaculture is a sector set up in order to fill the gap left by depleting natural fish stocks. Despite management strategies for develop this sector; consumer's preferences and opinion on farmed fish supplies are little known what may hinder the highlight of products aquaculture. This study aims to determine preferences and perceptions on farmed fish consumption and to identify its determinants in three areas namely Mefou-Et-Afamba, Nyong-Et-So'o and Mfoundi, within the Center Region of Cameroon. Structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to interview consumers. A total of 307 respondents aged 31 ± 10 years on average were included in the study and were mainly consisted of females (57.0%), attended secondary level (59.9%), worked in formal sector (52.1%) and of the ethnic group "Beti" (76.5%). Our data suggested that mean perception scores were in favor of wild fish because of its better taste and best quality than farmed fish particularly in rural areas (P = 0.0004). Most of consumers were not able to distinguish between wild fish and farmed fish. The study area (OR = 0.20; P = 0.01), age of participants (OR = 5.47; P = 0.01) and awareness on the benefits from fish consumption (OR = 3.56; P = 0.03) influenced consumption of farmed fish. These findings provide valuable information for the improvement of the quality of farmed fish in response of consumer's request in order to promote products stem from aquaculture sector.


Field test was conducted on a natural draft wet cooling tower of a 135 MW generating set.Airflow field was measured under different wind conditions so as to insight crosswind effect on inlet flow around the tower.The deflection angle and inlet air uniformity coefficient were highlighted to evaluate the degree of local deflection and global deterioration of inlet flow respectively.Moreover,airflow rate,drag coefficient and number of transfer unit(NTU) were calculated to accomplish comprehensive investigation of ventilation performance and its relationship with thermal performance.In the end,numerical simulation and field test results were compared.It is shown that crosswinds mainly deteriorate inlet flow at lateral side and even induce outflow at rear area.The rate of leeward inlet flow,though the degree of its deflection is relatively lower,is much smaller than that of windward.As wind velocity comes up,the degree of deflection of inlet flow increases at all test points except the windward one,inlet air uniformity coefficient(ψ),goes down,and the disturbance effect of cross flow against radial suction effect is getting closer to the inlet of tower,What is more,drag coefficient of ventilation increases and air flow rate decreases,all of which deteriorate ventilation performance of the tower and damage the thermal performance accordingly.Specially,as the outflow also participates in heat and mass transfer of rain zone,calculated airflow rate increases,which ameliorates the thermal performance.


According to injection molding's movement,establishes the mathematical model,and def-inites the objective function,then uses the Matlab language programming to obtain the optimal solution.In the end,using Matlab toolbox's SimMechanics to design the parameter,and simulate the animation,so that the mold setting could be more vivid,and it is advantage to observe the design results.


Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) fail to mature in female patients compared with male patients, leading to inferior outcomes and decreased utilization. As our mouse AVF model recapitulates sex differences in human AVF maturation, we hypothesized that sex hormones mediate these differences during AVF maturation. C57Bl/6 mice (9-11 week) underwent aortocaval AVF surgery and gonadectomy. AVF hemodynamics were measured via ultrasound (days 0-21). Blood was collected for FACS, and tissue for immunofluorescence and ELISA (days 3,7); wall thickness was assessed using histology (day 21). Inferior vena cava (IVC) shear stress was higher in male mice (p=0.0028) after gonadectomy, and they had increased wall thickness (22.0 ± 1.8 um vs. 12.7 ± 1.2; p<0.0001). Conversely, females had decreased thickness (6.8 ± 0.6 um vs. 15.3 ± 0.9; p=0.0002). Intact females had higher proportions of circulating CD3+ T cells on day 3 (p=0.0043), CD4+ (p=0.0003) and CD8+ T cells (p=0.005) on day 7, and CD11b+ monocytes on day 3 (p = 0.0046). After gonadectomy, these differences disappeared. In the fistula wall of intact female mice, CD3+ T cells (p=0.025), CD4+ T cells (p=0.0178), CD8+ T cells (p=0.0571), and CD68+ macrophages (p=0.0078) increased in the fistula wall on day 3 and 7. This disappeared after gonadectomy. Further, female mice had higher IL-10 (p=0.0217) and TNF-α levels (p=0.0417) in their AVF walls than males. Sex hormones mediate AVF maturation and suggest that hormone receptor signaling may be a target to improve AVF maturation.


The Theatre Royal Liverpool opened in the newly built Williamson Square on 5th June 1772 to great acclaim. The distinguished playwright and manager, George Colman (the elder) had written a proud and spirited prologue to mark the occasion and Liverpool's economic prosperity was thriving. A Royal Patent appeared to be, so to speak, the cherry on the top of the cake that was a profitable period for the town. Yet the national reaction to the town's endeavours to achieve such an honour and the spirited debate that ensued did not echo the proud, upbeat sentiments of Liverpool's residents. Just over two hundred years later Liverpool found itself again at the centre of a heated national debate following the 2003 announcement of the town's successful bid to be the European Capital of Culture for 2008. For the most part the city and its residents were immensely proud, recognising this international award as the boost they had needed not only to improve its appearance, tourism and employment opportunities, but also to renew a feeling of self-confidence and regional worth that had been lost during the city's decline in the late twentieth century. But the success of Liverpool over five other British hopefuls (namely Bristol, Birmingham, Cardiff, Newcastle-Gateshead and Oxford) also sparked a more negative series of queries and concerns--exactly what culture did this stereotypically rough and dreary northern port have? Liverpool faced a tough battle to gain national approval over this decision and it was, I think, only grudgingly given at the end of an undeniably successful and vibrant year as Capital of Culture. As Andy Burnham noted in an article in The Guardian, the city "has done the country Proud--and silenced those many critics who never normally miss a chance to take a sideswipe at all things scouse" (12 January 2009). But why did Liverpool have to fight so hard to prove its cultural worth in the eyes of the nation? I believe that the disparaging modern attitude towards the city's cultural status finds its roots in the complex and divided eighteenth-century opinions on a small northern town that had suddenly emerged as a prosperous port and taken the nation, and the world, by storm. The national reaction to Liverpool's application to build a Theatre Royal under the honour of a Royal Patent emphasises the strength of feeling about the town and begins a debate over Liverpool's cultural worth that would re-emerge nearly three centuries later. Seeking a Royal Patent A Royal Patent was the eighteenth-century theatrical Holy Grail. Following the 1737 Licensing Act, London's Theatre Royal Covent Garden and Theatre Royal Drury Lane technically held the monopoly over legitimate theatre and all proposed drama was put through the rigorous political and social censorship of the Lord Chamberlain's office. By 1760 Members of Parliament had begun to review their opinions on granting Royal Patents, influenced later in the decade by the successful petition of the actor and playwright Samuel Foote for a patent for the Haymarket Theatre in London in 1766 and by the growing numbers of provincial towns eager to stage drama in theatres honoured by royal decree. Edinburgh was the first provincial theatre to gain royal approval in 1767, signalling a gradual acknowledgement that, as Jane Moody notes, "provincial theatres served a purpose in bringing all levels of society together in one cultural, united and controlled space ("Dramatizing the Nation" 1). The main practical advantage to achieving a Royal Patent was that it provided insurance and security for theatrical buildings and materials. However, ideologically, the coup of being awarded a Royal Patent was a symbolic source of pride that marked a community's coming of age. With Edinburgh's successful petition swiftly followed by Bath and Norwich in 1768, Liverpool was keen to demonstrate its new prosperity and leave its unsophisticated and illegitimate theatre behind. When looking at the cultural aspirations of Liverpool nearly three centuries ago, it is helpful to place it in its mid eighteenth-century context. …


A bstractThe effective Lagrangian expansion provides a framework to study effects of new physics at the electroweak scale. To make full use of LHC data in constraining higher-dimensional operators we need to include both the Higgs and the electroweak gauge sector in our study. We first present an analysis of the relevant di-boson production LHC results to update constraints on triple gauge boson couplings. Our bounds are several times stronger than those obtained from LEP data. Next, we show how in combination with Higgs measurements the triple gauge vertices lead to a significant improvement in the entire set of operators, including operators describing Higgs couplings.


Scores of a sample of Australian medical students on the Profile of Nonverbal Sensitivity are compared with the normative data. The comparison suggests that these medical students' scores are generally slightly higher than those of the normative group but comparable to those of USA college and medical student samples. A comparison of 4th and 6th Year medical student samples indicated no differences between measures. These data will be further used in a longitudinal study of the effects of traditional medical education on students' consulting skills.


Background: Intra‐articular (IA) morphine has given good and prolonged pain relief in some studies when given at the end of arthroscopic procedures in the knee joint. However, similar studies have not been able to document any local analgesic effect of morphine. A large number of the negative studies have not demonstrated any assay sensitivity. We have documented that around 40% of patients have only very mild or no pain after arthroscopic procedures in the knee joint. This obviously is a confounding factor, reducing assay sensitivity when all patients are included in IA morphine studies.


An image denoising method was presented based on local statistical models in wavelet domain.This method was adaptive to the wavelet subbands corresponding to three orientations in the image and took into account inter-scale and intra-scale dependencies between wavelet coefficients.An anisotropic Markov Random Field(MRF) model was used to represent prior knowledge about the intra-scale dependencies between the wavelet coefficients.The inter-scale dependencies between the wavelet coefficients were measured from the local singularity,which appeared as a conditional model.Based on these models in a Bayesian framework,an adaptive Bayesian shrinkage function was obtained and each modified coefficient was decided separately.Experimental results demonstrate that this method improves the denoising performance and preserves the details of the image.


Power system is subjected to an extensive variety of little or bigger disturbance to the system during the operation. The power system that designed as one of the main requirement is to survive from the larger type of disturbances like faults. The power swing in certain system is the variation in three phase power flow in the power system. This paper mainly discussed the power swing and distance relay and the effect of the power swing on the distance relay and demonstrate about the basic power system stability and power swing phenomena. Moreover, out of step protection and detection applications are revised as well. At the end, the paper also demonstrated the past study of out of step application of TNB 275 KV network.


Weaning an infant from breast-feeding to complementary food is a common practice followed, which plays a vital role in the child's milestones for growth and development. Child's mother needs to know the right practice about weaning and should have adequate knowledge about various weaning practices to improve child health and to prevent various diseases. Hence we carried out a descriptive study to assess the level of knowledge on weaning practice among the mothers of under five children in pooncheri village, Kanchepuram district, Tamilnadu, India. with the objectives: 1) To assess the level of knowledge on weaning practice among mothers of under five children, 2) To associate the level of knowledge on weaning practice among mothers of under five children with selected demographic . Non-experimental, descriptive study was conducted with sample 50 mothers of under five children. Findings revealed that the number of mothers of   under five children having moderate knowledge was 28(56%), Inadequate knowledge was 14(28%) and adequate knowledge was 8(16%). The mean value of the adequate knowledge of under five mothers is (17.25) and standard deviation(SD) (1.09), Moderate knowledge of under five mothers is (12.03) and standard deviation (SD) (1.14) and The Mean value of Inadequate knowledge of under five mothers is (7.85) and standard deviation (SD) (2.1). Overall Mean knowledge aspect of mothers found to be (11.7) and Mean% (23.4%) with standard deviation (SD) (3.36). The maximum score of the knowledge was   moderate level 28(56%).


Evidence for Intercellular Lipid Sequestration: Because of its loosely organized appearance in tissues subjected to routine fixation, dehydration, and embedding, the stratum corneum was not considered to be important for normal permeability barrier formation until about 35 years ago. Yet, when epidermis is frozen sectioned and the cornified envelopes of corneocytes are either swollen at alkaline pH or stained with fluorescent, lipophilic dyes, the stratum corneum appears as a compact structure with geometric, polyhedral squames arranged in vertical columns that interdigitate at their lateralmargins (1, 2). Moreover, isolated sheets of stratum corneum possess both unusually great tensile strength, and very low rates of water permeability (3). The stratum corneum is viewed currently as a layer of protein-enriched corneocytes embedded in a lipid-enriched, intercellular matrix in (4), the so-called bricks-and-mortar model (5). The evidence for such protein-lipid sequestration is based upon freeze-fracture replication, histochemical, biochemical, cell fractionation, cell separation, and physical-chemical studies (rev. in 6). Freeze-fracture reveals stacks of intercellular bilayers in the intercellular spaces, where transmission electron microscopy previously had revealed only empty spaces. Moreover, histochemical stains also display the membrane domains of the stratum corneum as enriched in neutral lipids, but only when these stains are applied to frozen sec-


Due to the broad band requirement of PLC, the OFDM modulation technology is brought forward in this paper. Combined with the complex characteristics of the PLC channel, an available engineering framework is constructed after elaborating the OFDM modulation principle and analyzing the broad band performance of OFDM technology. Based on this OFDM PC model, the result of the MATLAB simulation gives the idiograph method to reduce downlink of high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) and difficult synchronization. A broad band power line USB port Modem using OFDM technology is designed with the application of INT5130 chip.[KH2D]


Inscription by John William Draper (1811-1882) in his book: "Scientific memoirs: being experimental contributions to a knowledge of radiant energy" New York : Harper & Brothers, 1878. To Astronomer Royal, Sir George Biddell Airy.


Studies on the electronic structure of organo-lead halide perovskites have been much investigated in the last few years, as solar cells based on this novel materials exhibit high power conversion efficiency. In order to improve the chemical stability and vary the bandgap, for developing a solar cell with bulk heterojunction, the modification of this perovskite with hetero halide ions structure has also been investigated. We report here the electronic structure of Methylammonium lead bromide/iodide or MAPb(BrxI3-x)3 at different contents of bromide ions investigated by an ab-initio computation based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) using Quantum Espresso. The calculated results show the increment of bands gap with increasing bromide ion concentration. The obtained Densities of States show that the addition of bromide ions plays an important role in constructing their valence band, where it is predominated by the electrons at the outermost orbital of these halide (Br- and I-) ions. On the other hand, the conduction band is still predominated by the 6p orbitals of the Pb2+ ions, in agreement with some reports elsewhere. The organic molecule orbitals, however, seems to give insignificant influence to those valence and conduction bands.


We are continuing to study the suitability of modified thermal-battery technology as a potential power source for geothermal borehole applications. Previous work focused on the LiSi/FeS{sub 2} couple over a temperature range of 350 C to 400 C with the LiBr-KBr-LiF eutectic, which melts at 324.5 C. In this work, the discharge processes that take place in LiSi/CsBr-LiBr-KBr eutectic/FeS{sub 2} thermal cells were studied at temperatures between 250 C and 400 C using pelletized cells with immobilized electrolyte. The CsBr-LiBr-KBr eutectic was selected because of its lower melting point (228.5 C). Incorporation of a quasi-reference electrode allowed the determination of the relative contribution of each electrode to the overall cell polarization. The results of single-cell tests and limited battery tests are presented, along with preliminary data for battery stacks tested in a simulated geothermal borehole environment.


Although the outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, it is possible to isolate nuclei both intact and free from endoplasmic reticulum contaminants. The outer and the inner nuclear membranes can be purified free from cross-contamination. Evidence in support of autonomous regulation of nuclear calcium signaling relies upon the investigations with isolated nuclei. Mechanisms for generating calcium signaling in the nucleus have been identified. Two calcium transporting systems, an ATP-dependant nuclear Ca2+-ATPase and an IP4-mediated inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate receptor, are located on the outer nuclear membrane. Thus, ATP and IP4, depending on external free calcium concentrations, are responsible for filling the nuclear envelope calcium pool. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor is located on the inner nuclear membrane with its ligand binding domain facing toward the nucleoplasm. Likewise, the ryanodine receptor is located on the inner nuclear membrane and its ligand ...


The purpose of this paper is to study earnings management likely to be associated with audit quality, agency costs and corporate governance mechanisms in the Tunisian context. The hypotheses  proposed  explain  management  with  audit  quality,  political  costs,  debt  covenants, ownership structure, characteristics of a board of directors and institutional investment. To detect earnings management, we estimate discretionary accruals using a sample of 93 Tunisian companies over the 1997-2000 period. The findings show that neither Big Four auditors neither the length of the  relation  'auditor-audited'  reduce  earnings  management.  However,  we  find  that  Large  Local Audit  Firms  are  conservative  with  regard  to  aggressive  and  opportunistic  reporting.  Finally, ownership  structure  and  the  size  of  the  board  have  a  significant  influence  on  this  managerial questionable accounting practices.


Teacher Education Institutions were established in
a gradual manner to cater to the needs of teachers
in the state. The first Teacher Education Institution
under the Theological College was started by
the Welsh Mission at Cherrapunjee for training
of teachers at the primary level. In 1861, the
Government decided to amalgamate the Training
School section of the Cherrapunjee Normal School
from Nongsawlia to Shillong and attached to the
Welsh Mission High School at Mawkhar Shillong. By
1946, the Training School functioned in the same
building. In 1947, after Independence, the then
Government of India requested the Welsh Mission
to extend the facility in giving training to the Lower
Primary School teachers. The training school later
came to be known as Cherra Teachers" Training
Centre under the management of the Presbyterian
Church.
Long before the establishments of BTCs, the
Government in 1906 started the Guru Training
School (GTS) at Tura with an intake capacity of
30 trainees. It catered to the training needs of
primary teachers in Garo Hills, however, due to
administrative problem, it ceased to function few
years back after nine decades of its existence.


Reliable anchoring of carbon reinforcement elements into the body of the structure is one of the most important aspects when designing the strengthening of reinforced concrete structures with the system of external reinforcement based on composite materials. The use of carbon fiber anchoring elements in this case is confirmed by numerous tests, but there are no methodological provisions for the calculation and design of these anchors at the moment. Special experimental studies of the parameters of anchors and their effect on the bearing capacity of the anchorage have been conducted for this purpose. The tests were carried out in two stages, during the experiments the breaking load, the size of the concrete pull-out cone, as well as the nature of the destruction of the anchor were recorded. In addition, the length of the anchorage in the concrete body, the pull-out forces, the maximum deformations of the anchor and the length of the anchorage when introducing the anchor fibers in the external reinforcement system have been defined. According to the results of the experiments, the analysis of the results, in particular, various schemes of destruction of anchors and the impact of the depth of the anchor on them, its diameter, as well as the type of binders was carried out.