This report is based on 80 cascs of sudden deafness in patients with vertigo treated in the Department of Otolaryngology, Kanazawa University, from 1975 through 1984.There were 32 males and 48 females. The incidence was highest in the fourth decade. The hearing loss was severe more than 90dB in 53.8% of, indicating a parallel relationship between the degree of hearing loss and sudden deafhess in this groups of patients. About 60% of the patients complained of a whirling sensation. Spontaneous nystagmus and positional nystagmus were found in 37.5% of the patients.In 40% sudden deafness was accompanied by complaints of vertigo, and the prognosis in these cases was poor. There was a significant difference between the prognosis of sudden deafness with or without vertigo, especially in cases of severe hearing loss and fresh cases treated within 7 days after the onset of disease.These data indicate that the etiology and pathology of sudden deafness are different in patients with and without vertigo.


In 1H–2H exchange by PtII, cyclobutane shows a remarkably large multiple exchange factor, attributed to interaction between PtII and the C–C bond; tetraphenylcyclobutane is cleaved by PtII to give trans-stilbene while norbornane shows preferential exo exchange.


The steam heating experiments are carried out with using the handsheet. Effects of suction pressure and permeability of paper on condensation heat transfer characteristics are studied. We measure temperature distribution in the direction of paper thickness and energy absorption in the paper is estimated. Experimental results show that suction pressure enhances the energy absorption in the paper and decreases temperature difference in the paper-thickness direction, and effects of the suction pressure strongly appear in high permeability paper. Experiments also indicate that the absorbed energy rate is decreased with increasing in the steam heating time. In the case of low permeability paper, influence of internal condensation disappears immediately and the conduction dominates the heat transfer in the paper, which indicates that increasing in moisture content prevents steam flow into the paper. On the other hand, in the case of large suction pressure and high permeability paper, results show that the paper is heated rapidly due to the internal condensation.


A position detection system comprising a position component and a positioning device, the positional element comprises a synchronizing signal is a sequence of acoustic wave and at least two synchronization packets are continuously modulated acoustic waveform, respectively is continuously modulated carrying timing data for. Further, the synchronization signal supports simultaneous measurement of a plurality of positional element using time hopping. .BACKGROUND 9


A field experiment was conducted during khariff 1984 in sandy clay loam soil under irrigated condition at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, with a view (i) to find out the possibility of introducing short duration dwarf variety of sorghum CO 22 as an intercrop with pigeonpea genotypes, (ii) to study the effect of different plant population levels and intercropping of sorghum CO 22 on pigeonpea genotypes, and (iii) to find out compatible pigeonpea genotypes and plant population level for pigeonpea based intercropping system with sorghum CO 22.

It was observed that increased plant density significantly increased the dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) during early stages and reduced the net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and CCR during later part of the growth. Intercropping of sorghum CO 22 significantly reduced the dry matter production LAI, CGR, NAR and RGR. Plants in the intercropped stands recorded higher CGR, NAR and RGR during later part of the growth. Among pigeonpea genotypes CO 5 was much affected due to intercropping with sorghum CO 22.


Abstract : A method is described of extracting linear features from images. The approach is to construct a series of lower-resolution versions of the original image (a pyramid), and to look for lines in these images. A line in a low- resolution image corresponds to a thicker linear feature in a high-resolution image. The position and extent of this linear feature is calculated from the low-resolution image, and a threshold is found which, when applied in the neighborhood of the feature in the high-resolution image, segments the linear feature from its background. Advantages of the method are that only the parts of the image in the neighborhood of linear features need be thresholded, and that different thresholds may be used to extract the various linear features in the image.


The wine sample was digested by hydrochloric acid and HNO3.The metals as Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Pb and Cd were determinated by atomic absorption spectrometry continuously.Good linear,high sensitivity,low detection limit,were obtainted with less interference.The method recovery was 93.5%—103.6%.The relative standard deviation was less than 5.0%,with satisfactory results.The method is rapid,simple and its sensitivity and accuracy can meet requirement of intermediate products in the enterprise.


A cold model of two-passage swirl bumer with innerstable-flame-body is studied through experiment and measurement results of its cold aerodynamic flow field are given. In this paper these results are discussed, and the research achievement are useful for improving the burner


A new revolution in clinical education: is it time to move on from Oslerian bedside teaching? Une nouvelle révolution dans la formation clinique : le moment serait-il venu d'abandonner la méthode oslérienne d'enseignement au chevet du patient? Joe Li Zhou Ting,1 Yao Kang Shuy,1 Lavisha S Punjabi2 1Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore; 2Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore Correspondence to: Joe Li Zhou Ting, email: email@example.com Published ahead of issue: March 10, 2022; published on July 6, 2022. CMEJ 2022, 13(3). Available at https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.74098 © 2022 Ting, Shuy, Punjabi; licensee Synergies Partners. This is an Open Journal Systems article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is cited. The introduction of bedside teaching in the early 20th century by Sir William Osler incited a landmark revolution in clinical education, driving a shift from science-based curricula to patient-centred teaching. This has since become the time-honored foundation of medical education. However, the dawn of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed challenges to conventional methods of teaching and learning. Under the banner of safety and isolation, medical students have been denied or restricted opportunities to participate in clinical learning.1 Yet, all hope is not lost. Advancements in technology have pushed the boundaries of what is possible, equipping educators with a vast repertoire of tools that allows them to surmount these challenges.2 In this correspondence, we discuss the strengths and limitations of technology in two aspects of clinical education, namely clinical skills and global health.


Abstract The present study emphasizes on joints two industrially important materials AISI 304 with AISI 1021steels, produced by friction welding have been investigated. Samples were welded under different axial pressures ranging from 75MPa to 135MPa, at constant speed of 920rpm. The tensile strength, torsional strength, impact strength and micro hardness values of the weldments were determined and evaluated. Simultaneously the fractrography of the tensile tested specimens were carried out, so as to understand the failure analysis. It was observed that improved mechanical properties were noticed at higher axial pressures. Ductile failures of weldments were also observed at 120MPa and 135MPa axial pressures during fractography analysis.


Significance Intergroup conflicts are among the world's most imminent problems, particularly with the shift of battlefields into the heart of civilian locations and the participation of increasingly younger adolescents in intergroup conflict. We found that Israeli and Palestinian adolescents reared in a climate of long-standing strife shut down the brain's automatic response to outgroup pain. This neural modulation characterized a top-down process superimposed upon an automatic response to the pain of all and was sensitive to hostile behavior toward outgroup, uncompromising worldviews, and brain-to-brain synchrony among group members. Findings pinpoint adolescents' sociocognitive top-down processes as targets for intervention. Adolescents' participation in intergroup conflicts comprises an imminent global risk, and understanding its neural underpinnings may open new perspectives. We assessed Jewish-Israeli and Arab-Palestinian adolescents for brain response to the pain of ingroup/outgroup protagonists using magnetoencephalography (MEG), one-on-one positive and conflictual interactions with an outgroup member, attitudes toward the regional conflict, and oxytocin levels. A neural marker of ingroup bias emerged, expressed via alpha modulations in the somatosensory cortex (S1) that characterized an automatic response to the pain of all protagonists followed by rebound/enhancement to ingroup pain only. Adolescents' hostile social interactions with outgroup members and uncompromising attitudes toward the conflict influenced this neural marker. Furthermore, higher oxytocin levels in the Jewish-Israeli majority and tighter brain-to-brain synchrony among group members in the Arab-Palestinian minority enhanced the neural ingroup bias. Findings suggest that in cases of intractable intergroup conflict, top-down control mechanisms may block the brain's evolutionary-ancient resonance to outgroup pain, pinpointing adolescents' interpersonal and sociocognitive processes as potential targets for intervention.


A robust Backstepping control strategy is proposed for a class of uncertain nonaffine nonlinear systems. Firstly, a global approximation method is given for uncertain nonaffine nonlinear systems, aiming to design the controller by using affine nonlinear methods. Then, a fast convergence nonlinear differentiator is designed in order to get the differential value of virtual signal and approximate unknown compound disturbances in the uncertain systems. Furthermove, the composite controller structure based on the above design is proposed, in which the robust terms and nonlinear damping term can offset the impact of the approximation errors. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Disclosed is a custom television program list generation method and device. The method includes: receiving a generation request for custom program lists, including program names corresponding to the custom program lists; searching at least one type of system program lists for programs matching with the program names, and acquiring sequence identifiers and playback addresses of the searched programs; ranking the searched programs according to the sequence identifiers, and correspondingly recording the playback addresses to generate the custom program lists. According to the technical scheme, the custom television program list generation method and device is provided to provide users with complete-program lists simple to operate, users can easily play the programs in the program lists, and user experience on digital television receiving terminals is improved.


An algorithm for solving fundamental matrix based on accumulated sequence correspondence probability is proposed,which has no rigorous requirement on inputting images.It can solve F-matrix based on random image sequences,so its realization is very easy.The idea is that,the accumulated probability chart corresponding to maximum entropy point is plotted.Epipolar line is fitted by RANSAC and weighted least square method,and the outlier epipolar lines are removed according to the epipole solved by statistical classifier.And the correspondent epipole and epipolar line is gained in the same way.


ABSTRACT The relationship between the relative humidity and the moisture content of a material (for relative humidity levels close to 100%) can be studied using the pressure plate technique. However, this method is designed for desorption experiments and modifications are necessary in order to perform absorption experiments. This article presents a method to condition samples to a uniform moisture content by absorption with the pressure plate technique. The specimens were suspended in magnetic clamps until the ceramic plate had equilibrated with the applied pressure and modifications were made so that water could circulate through the pressure plate cell.


ABSTRACT This paper explores how Lucy Hutchinson used alchemical imagery to illustrate her evolving grief in her Elegies. An early form of chemistry, alchemy was thought to be not only purifying and healing but also deceptive and harmful. Hutchinson's grief is similarly mutable, she suggests, as she traces her fluctuating emotions in the wake of her husband's death. Even as she stresses the isolating nature of her mourning, her alchemical language highlights her engagement with other writers, including John Donne. She adapts Donne's lyrics to suit her own poetic aims, echoing his alchemical language to add nuance to her depictions of her grief.


Objective: To investigate the association between the clinical severity of childhood asthma and serum leptin levels. Method: Subjects were distributed into three groups according to the severity of asthma,including mild intermittent group( group A),mild persistent group( group B),moderate persistent group( group C). Serum leptin levels were detected before and after treatment,then intragroup comparisons and comparisons between groups were analyzed. Correlations of leptin with body mass index( BMI) were analyzed. Result: Leptin levels in group A had no significant changes before and after treatment( P 0. 05); leptin levels in group B and group C after treatment were lower than these before treatment( P 0. 05); leptin levels measured before treatment gradually reduced according to the sequence of group C,B and group A( P 0. 05); leptin levels measured after treatment in three groups had no significant changes. Serum leptin levels before treatment showed no obvious correlations with BMI. Conclusion: Leptin levels correlated with the clinical severity of asthma and this was suggested to be associated with the severity of inflammation in asthma. More studies are required to evaluate leptin levels in predicting asthma severity and estimating treatment effect.


We discuss the results of an experimental study of coherent bremsstrahlung of electrons in thin diamond crystals in the 2-GeV linear accelerator. The choice of optimal orientation of the target in combination with strong collimation of the photons from a single crystal of thickness 80 ..mu.. has permitted the degree of polarization of the ..gamma.. rays to be increased to 92% with a 15% monochromaticity of the spectrum.


This project attempts to create a mechanism for automatic configuration of network parameters depending on the current network load in order to avoid packetloss. The system should be accommodated for transmission of real-time video streams through switched Ethernet networks. Investigation of the problem incorporated a real-time video test with a netANALYSER card to capture in/out going network traffic, determining the packet loss point for each of the network configurations. The same test was replicated by using traffic generating cards and the software tool TCN TimeAnalyzer. The tests showed the possibility of predicting network behaviour without involving real streams but rather managing the network before the real transmission has begun. A packet capture software tool and a switch simulator was developed and integrated into the packet loss prediction mechanism. The packet capturing software produced the statistics of the network traffic for later offline simulations. The switch simulator mimicked the real network switching behaviour. It estimated the time and amount of traffic when the buffer memory was full. A solution is proposed for independent offline control of the network behaviour. It can later be applied to an online version and incorporated into numerous real-time systems for in-vehicle or video communications.


Tarini Shankar Ghosh and Ana Maria Valdes evaluate the evidence for clinical effects of microbiome altering interventions on cardiometabolic traits


In this paper, frequency selective fabrics (FSFs) with narrow-band transmission characteristics were proposed. The square-ring FSF was taken as an instance to illustrate the design principle. Based on the existing theoretical basis and by means of software simulation and optimization, the optimum structures with ideal narrow-band band-stop or band-pass characteristics were obtained. Then, the practical specimens were manufactured through a computer-based carving process and measured using the transmission method in an anechoic chamber. Two structural models were respectively simulated using two different algorithms and the results showed very small differences, primarily verifying the effectiveness of the design methods and reasonability of the model simplification. The measured and simulated transmission characteristics of square-ring FSFs were compared and showed a high consistency, which further verified the validation of the design method. The other two kinds of FSFs, namely Jerusalem-shaped and circle/ring hybrid FSFs, were designed and measured, which showed the narrow-band frequency selective characteristics were quite ideal. This indicates that the proposed design method using simulation software may be applied to many different structures and has directive sense in the related product design and development process.


Education for Sustainable Development as principle and concept is actually discussed as point of reference for all educational sectors. Particularly the first years are suspected to be most important to develop sensibility and competencies for behaviour and acting according to the demands of sustainable development. This study gives evidence that Education for Sustainable Development is not yet established adequately in early childhood education. Basis of this conclusion are on the one hand the analysis of "Bildungspläne der Länder" for elementary education and the programs of the most important kindergarten-organisations as well as examples of good practice, on the other hand the academic discourse about innovative approaches in the field of elementary education.


Background&Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and has a strong heritable component. The aim of this study was to identify new genes involved in NAFLD pathogenesis.

Methods: We examined rare variants captured by whole-exome sequencing in individuals with severe fibrosis or hepatocellular carcinoma due to NAFLD (severe NAFLD, n=301) after variant prioritization.  We replicated the results in the UK Biobank and the Liver biopsy cohort (n=2268).

Results: We observed an enrichment of the p.P426L variant (rs143545741 C>T; OR=7.2, 2.3-17.3; p C; MAF=0.060 vs. 0.035; OR=1.7, 1.2-2.5; p=0.003). In the UK Biobank cohort, the p.V471A variant was associated with NAFLD (p=0.009) and liver disorders (p=0.004). In the Liver biopsy cohort, the p.V471A variant was linked with severe fibrosis, particularly in those with severe steatosis (p=0.002). Moreover, p.V471A was an independent predictor of hepatocellular ballooning (p=0.007).  Hepatic  ATG7  expression correlated with suppression of the TNFα pathway, which was conversely upregulated in p.V471A carriers (n=125 with available transcriptomic). ATG7 protein localized to non-parenchymal cells and predominantly in periportal hepatocytes, more so in the presence of ballooning. Finally, we confirmed that in vitro the p.P426L and p.V471A variants result in a protein loss-of-function.

Conclusion: We identified novel rare and low-frequency ATG7 variants contributing to severe NAFLD. The underlying mechanism may involve impairment of autophagy and facilitation of hepatocellular ballooning degeneration.


With the partial or global target positions unknown, mobile robot detects the environment information by laser radar when it can not feel infrared of some frequency. The combination of the resolution-changed time-varying potential field algorithm and the traditional method of fuzzy logic control makes the robot quickly get out of the local environment. Having felt the infrared from outside, the robot will trace the infrared and reach the target positions accurately. Fuzzy control solves the problem of the oscillation before and after infrared tracking. An answer to the issue of the indoor mobile robot's path planning is proposed.


This paper aims at developing a new enhanced algorithm for mapping semi-arid areas based on fusion techniques of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) datasets. Firstly, both datasets are preprocessed to remove geometric and radiometric errors; then features of interest are extracted from SAR and LiDAR products to build masks and identify meaningful classes. Finally, classification results are refined with morphological filters. The new algorithm has been tested on data acquired by TerraSAR-X and an airborne LiDAR sensor over the Natural Reserve of Maspalomas in Canary Islands. Results show an overall classification accuracy of 85% with an absolute increment of more than 14% compared to a classification in which only LiDAR data are used.


Tape having a backing comprising an oriented thermoplastic film and a coating of a solvent-free produced pressure-sensitive adhesive composition based on non-thermoplastic elastomers such as natural rubber and adhesive resins, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive contains a thermally labile crosslinking system.


In states that expanded Medicaid, uninsured hospital stays decreased sharply and Medicaid stays increased sharply in the first two quarters of 2014. There was no change in payer mix in states that ...


Breast cancer cells were treated with different kinds of retinoic acids(RA):RAR selective retinoids and RXR selective retinoids. The result indicated that RAR selective retinoids can inhibit the growth of hormone dependent breast cancer cells effectively, while RXR selective retinoids inhibit that of hormone independent breast cancer cells. The effects of retinoic acids mainly mediated by their receptors RAR s and RXR s.It was showed by Northern blot that RAR α and RAR β may involved in the effect of retinoic acid.Furthermore, we showed that RAR β can be highly expressed after introduction of RAR α gene in hormone independent breast cancer cells,which induced cells from RA resistant to RA sensitive. Thus,the expression of RAR β induced by RA correlates with the growth inhibitory effect of RA.


Giovanni Amici was an Italian microscopist, astronomer, optical instrument designer, and botanist who is best known as the achromatic lens inventor. He also designed reflecting telescopes and introduced a lens for the inspection of an objective's rear focal plane, termed the Amici-Bertrand lens. Aditionally, in 1850 he invented the water immersion lens.


On the basis of soil physical index determination of expansive soil,bare land soil and five forest land types of Yuanmou dry and hot valley in dry season,the soil infiltration characteristics of these forest land types were studied.The results showed that there were differences on soil bulk density,water content,soil porosity,initial soil water infiltration rate and stable soil water infiltration rate.The soil water infiltration rate of soil at surface layer(0 ~ 15 cm) was higher than that of underground soil.Among different stands,the initial soil water infiltration rates were in the order of Pinus caribaea×Dodonaea viscose standPinus caribaea pure standAlbizzia kalkora pure standEucalyptus pure standTephrosia candida× Dodonaea viscose stand bare land expansive soil.


This broad review provides some insights into the vast field of Autonomous Systems in the context of Defence applications and C2 in particular. There are significant challenges in the areas of human-computer interaction and the legalities of war that may trump technical issues in terms of impediments to automation. Many technical areas are also covered and the paper recommends developing or adopting strong engineering processes for building Autonomous Systems, research into human factors and strong engagement with the international community with respect to the Laws of Armed Conflict. APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE


A comprehensive model is presented of the internal photoemission in MOS systems, at low electric fields (| | < 104 V/cm) in the dielectric. Model equations are separately solved for the case of zero photocurrent (J = 0) and for nonzero photocurrent (J ≠ 0), allowing calculation of various photoelectric characteristics of MOS structures. These calculated characteristics are shown to remain in excellent agreement with the experimental ones, taken for a range of different MOS structures, which strongly supports the validity of the model. It is also shown that based on this model new, highly precise MOS structure photoelectric measurement methods can be developed.


Developing robust web services is a difficult task. Field studies show that a large number of web services are deployed with robustness problems (i.e., presenting unexpected behaviors in the presence of invalid inputs). Several techniques for the identification of robustness problems have been proposed in the past. This paper proposes a mechanism that automatically fixes the problems detected. The approach consists of using robustness testing to detect robustness issues and then mitigate those issues by applying inputs verification based on well-defined parameter domains, including domain dependencies between different parameters. This integrated and fully automatable methodology has been used to improve three different implementations of the TPC-App web services. Results show that this tool can be easily used by developers to improve the robustness of web services implementations.


The World Wide Web (WWW) can be used as a platform to build Decision Support Systems (DSS) to solve problems for a wide range of users. Web-based DSS (WDSS) are interactive computerised system, which utilise Web browsers to interact with users and Web servers to access and integrate components such as data, models, solvers, visualisations, and scenario across the Web to solve mainly semi-structured and un-structured problems. On a network system, the design of a Web-based DSS imposes greater demands than the design of a traditional DSS. The design and implementation of a WDSS Generator (WDSSG) raises many issues and problems. This paper proposes a framework for the architecture of a WDSSG utilising different software agents to enhance the functionalities of existing DSS. Scenarios and Visualisation are incorporated into the DSS for additional functionalities.


Chiral phosphoric acids have received considerable attention because of their excellent performance in many asymmetric catalytic reactions. However, the full breadth of means by which the stereosel...


Objective To optimize the preparation of bevacizumab-mediated,doxorubicin-loaded albumin nanoparticles with Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology.Methods Based on the preparation of doxorubicin-loaded albumin nanoparticles,hetero-bifunctional crosslinker NHS-PEG3500-MAL was employed to couple bevacizumab with drug-loaded albumin nanoparticles.The amount of 2-iminothiolane,weight-ratio of drug-loaded albumin nanoparticles and bevacizumab,and the amount of crosslinker were used as influencing factors,and mean particle size,drug-loading,entrapment efficiency as response variables.A design of 3 factors at 3 levels was made with the aid of Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology.The conservation ratio and the storage ability of prepared immuno-nanoparticles were also investigated.Results In the optimized formulation for immuno-nanoparticles,the amount of 2-iminothiolane was 50 μg,the weight-ratio of drug-loaded albumin nanoparticles was 27.5 mg·mg-1 and bevacizumab,and the amount of NHS-PEG3500-MAL was 8.8 mg.The prepared immuno-nanoparticles had a mean particle size of 216.1±2.31 nm,drug loading of(28.93±0.94)% and entrapment efficiency(80.39±2.83)%,with a minor predicted error.Conclusion It is feasible to optimize the preparation of doxorubicin-loaded albumin immuno-nanoparticles through Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology.


Estimation of forest stem volume in large area using remotely sensed data has remains difficult due to poor understanding relationships of forest stand parameters and remote-sensing spectral response. Recent studies have show that SAR can be used to investigate forest attribute, especially in tropic forest where there is so much cloud that good quality optic remote sensing is not easily available. The goal of this research was to assess the efficiency of SAR data for forest plantation management and the sensitivity of stem volume to RADARSAT-SAR data. Based on field survey data of the large managed plantation and GIS, the ability of RADARSAT-SAR data in extracting forest stock volume was analyzed in this paper. Results show that RADARSAT-SAR Backscatter coefficient has a relatively good logarithmic correlation with forest stock volume, tree height and diameter at breast height for the six species. The investigation of response of tree height and diameter at breast height to backscatter also shows that backscatter coefficient is affected by tree height much more than by diameter at breast height for Eucalypt, but for pine trees, backscatter coefficient is affected by diameter at breast height much more than by tree height. Inversion results of stem volume show that stem volume can be estimated for such plantation but had limitations. The estimation results obtained are not accurate enough for forest management purposes at the forest stand level. However, the approximate volume estimates derived by the method can be useful in areas where no other forest information is available.


The curriculum stays in core position in the principal training. However, what decides the curriculum of the training? The article tries to start from the occupation role of principals as the original basis, derive the principals'professional standards from it and thus construct the theoretical principal training curriculum. Besides, the article advises to use the curriculum theory as a guide, to make value choice and policy of the curriculum, and to develop practical training curriculum according to the specific situation of the training.


Abstract Eriobotrya laoshanica, a new species of Rosaceae from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is easily distinguished from the most similar species E. malipoensis K. C. Kuan by its longer petioles (2–5 vs. 0.5–1 cm); indumentum on the lower leaf surfaces (densely tomentose vs. glabrous); much fewer flowers (15- to 30-flowered vs. 50- to 100-flowered) on the panicle; larger flowers (2.5–3 vs. 1.5–2 cm in diameter); and non-angulated (vs. angulated) young fruits.


This paper presents single event effect(SEE) characteristics of UC1845 AJ pulse width modulators(PWMs) by laser testing. In combination with analysis to map PWM circuitry in the microchip dies, the typical SEE response waveforms for laser pulses located in different circuit blocks of UC1845 AJ are obtained and the SEE mechanisms are analyzed. The laser SEE test results show that there are some differences in the SEE mechanisms of different circuit blocks, and phase shifts or changes in the duty cycles of few output pulses are the main SEE behaviors for UC1845 AJ. In addition, a new SEE behavior which manifests as changes in the duty cycles of many output pulses is revealed. This means that an SEE hardened design should be considered.


The HSLA (High-Strength Low Alloy) steels are used in the production of pipes, flanges and connectors to build ducts for ore, oil and gas transport. The conventional processes are the rolling or forging. In the transport of ore and heavy oil, the abrasive particles impair the surfaces and reduce the pipelines lifetime. Therefore, besides the mechanical properties as API 5L, it is important to verify the wear resistance of these steels. In this context, two microalloyed steels were forged in the form of square bars. Thereafter, specimens of these bars were annealed at 930 oC, quenched at 900 oC and tempered at 600 oC. Tensile and wear tests were performed. The results show that molybdenum and niobium present similar effects on phase transformation of steels, promoting a desired acicular ferrite/bainite microstructure and fulfill the mechanical strength of API 5L-X70 standard. The molybdenum has dominating effect in the hardenability when in solid solution, however, after tempering, thermodynamic simulation by FactSage software indicates that niobium probably promotes secondary hardening.Keywords:


The effective action research requests and involves innovative and sturdy strategies to discover and to understand social life. Visual methodologies (as Photovoice) can provide the novelty and the engagement to support the effectiveness of the research, to support the interpretative phenomenological analysis and to enable it for deeper understanding and a foundation for appropriate interventions also. As a participatory method, Photovoice is considered an innovative approach and its use in Republic of Moldova is unique, as it is the context: a community development and educational reform project happened in rural communities with various socio-economic profiles, with different degrees and on different levels of marginality, vulnerability, social and economic under-development. We have chosen individuals from four of the communities involved to find out how they see their role and the collective participation to support education. As the projects which is related to, the study gives insights on the functions of education and about how the things can be done. In all cases, for all the communities, the education (and the school also) seems to value the bond with the community, with its past (in terms of elders, customs and the habitat: nature, wildlife etc.), with the local identity. The emergence of community mechanisms to rediscover local identity creates the premises for a more consistent support from the community in future community development efforts or educational reforms.


Methods: This methodological research followed Vigostky's social-constructivist theory as a theoretical framework and the Child-Centered Game Development (CCGD) as a methodological framework. We carried out the study between February/2016 and July/2017 and followed these phases: analysis, concept, design, implementation, and evaluation. In the phases that we had children's participation, we included those who were between 8 to 12 years old and diagnosed with cancer. During the development of the game, we analyzed the collected data according to the objective of each phase. The Research Ethics Committee from a Higher Education Institute approved the research (Protocol number: 1.387.962/2014).


I. British postwar problems of adjustment, 368. — Possible avenues of escape from lower living standards, 372. — II. The government's double mandate, 374. — Comparison with the current American situation, 376. — Prospective capital shortage, 377. — III. Basic needs, 381. — Conflicting objectives, 383. — Resulting dangers: effect on exports, 386; on business incentives and voluntary savmgs, 388. — New outlooks, 390. — IV. The dilemma in terms of the balance of payments, 392. — Compromises inevitable, 393. — Conclusion, 395.


The ITU's (International Telecommunication Union's) man-made noise levels are based on measurements performed in the 1970s. Some measurements have been carried out since then, showing that noise caused by automotive ignition systems has been reduced, but manmade noise in business areas and city centers increased, especially due to the widespread use of electronic systems. The interference scenario also changed, from analog communication systems in relatively free-space conditions, to digital systems in living areas, often semi-enclosed such as offi ces, industrial production plants, and even inside cars and trains. Several measurements have therefore been carried out to estimate the level of man-made noise in these semi-enclosed environments.


Spermidine (SPD) delays age-related pathologies in various organisms. SPD supplementation overcame the impaired immunotherapy against tumors in aged mice by increasing mitochondrial function and activating CD8+ T cells. Treatment of naïve CD8+ T cells with SPD acutely enhanced fatty acid oxidation. SPD conjugated to beads bound to the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP). In the MTP complex, synthesized and purified from Escherichia coli, SPD bound to the α and β subunits of MTP with strong affinity and allosterically enhanced their enzymatic activities. T cell–specific deletion of the MTP α subunit abolished enhancement of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade immunotherapy by SPD, indicating that MTP is required for SPD-dependent T cell activation. Description Spermidine fights cancer in aging mice Abundance of the polyamine spermidine decreases in aging mice, and supplementation can have restorative effects and extend life span. Al-Habsi et al. explored whether loss of spermidine might contribute to loss of antitumor immunity in aged mice. Restoration of spermidine concentrations enhanced antitumor responses stimulated by programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody therapy. Spermidine appeared to directly affect T cell function by increasing fatty acid oxidation. Tagged spermidine bound to components of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein complex, thus increasing fatty acid oxidation and the production of ATP. The authors propose that these effects may contribute to the effects of spermidine in promoting longevity. —LBR Spermidine helps to restore antitumor immunity in older mice. INTRODUCTION In mammals, the power of the immune system decreases with age. This is because of multiple factors, including a decrease in the output and diversity of the antigenic repertoire of T cells caused by thymus involution; changes in the cellular metabolism caused by inflammation; and defective proliferative, differentiation, or survival capacities of the immune cells. Aged individuals frequently suffer from severe infections and cancers, and often the therapies applied, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade in cancer immunotherapy, are ineffective when compared with results in young patients. A biogenic polyamine, spermidine (SPD), decreases with age, and SPD supplementation was shown to improve or delay several age-related pathologies, including those of the immune system. Among the proposed mechanisms responsible for rejuvenation of the immune system by SPD were enhanced autophagy, translational activity, and mitochondrial metabolism. SPD supplementation has previously been shown to enhance the antitumor immunity in animal models. However, it remains largely unknown how SPD deficiency relates to the T cell immune suppression induced by aging. RATIONALE Because CD8+ T cells are key players in tumor immunity, we investigated how aging would affect the metabolic and functional characteristics of CD8+ T cells. We asked whether SPD insufficiency could be a factor contributing to nonresponsiveness to PD-1 antibody therapy in aged mice. We sought to characterize the CD8+ T cell population changes induced by SPD supplementation in aged mice and to identify the molecular mechanisms for the SPD action. RESULTS We found that the total and free intracellular concentrations of SPD in CD8+ T cells from aged mice were about half as much as the concentrations found in young mice. Bioenergetically, aged CD8+ T cells showed impaired mitochondrial activity with lower oxygen consumption rate, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) production, and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) activity compared with young CD8+ T cells. We show that SPD supplementation enhanced the antitumor activity of PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in aged mice. SPD supplementation proved to also be effective in young mice with tumors unresponsive to single anti–programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody therapy. SPD and anti–PD-L1 antibody combination treatment enhanced the proliferation, cytokine production, and mitochondrial ATP production of CD8+ T cells in vivo. In vitro, SPD effectively enhanced mitochondrial functions and metabolized palmitate into tricarboxylic acid cycle components within 1 hour, which suggests the possibility of direct SPD binding to mitochondria-related proteins. Biochemical analysis identified SPD binding to mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP), which is the central enzyme of fatty acid β-oxidation. MTP is composed of α and β subunits, both of which bind SPD. Several assays using the MTP synthesized and purified from Escherichia coli revealed that SPD bound with strong affinity [binding affinity (dissociation constant, Kd) = 0.1 μM] and allosterically enhanced their enzymatic FAO activities. Furthermore, we found that spermine, another polyamine derived from SPD with important cellular protective functions, also directly binds to MTP and competitively inhibits FAO activity of SPD, which suggests the importance of SPD and spermine balance for FAO evaluation in aged cells. T cell–specific deletion of the MTP α subunit abolished enhancement of PD-1 blockade immunotherapy by SPD, indicating that MTP is required for SPD-dependent T cell activation. CONCLUSION SPD enhances FAO by directly binding and activating the MTP. SPD supplementation enhances the FAO activity and boosts the mitochondrial activities and cytotoxic functions of CD8+ T cells. We provide new insights into the properties of SPD that may facilitate the development of strategies to prevent and improve outcomes of age-related immune pathologies and combat unresponsiveness to PD-1 blockade therapy in cancers, regardless of age. SPD binds to MTP and activates FAO in T cells. SPD directly activates MTP, which plays a central role in FAO. SPD concentration is decreased in aged T cells, leading to low FAO activity and ATP production compared with those in young T cells. SPD supplementation activates FAO in aged and young T cells, which enhances the efficacy of PD-1 blockade cancer immunotherapy. CoA, coenzyme A; TCA, tricarboxylic acid; ETC, electron transport chain. [Figure created by Biorender]


Author(s): Shao, Meiyue; Yang, Chao | Abstract: This is the user manual for the software package BSEPACK (Bethe--Salpeter Eigenvalue Solver Package).


Mold releasing forces are experimentally measured in various exposure dosages for UV nanoimprint resist. PAK01 resist is examined to evaluate the chemical conversion by FTIR. Time dependent conversion ratio is measured under UV exposure and the conversion ratio of the UV resin versus exposed dosages is verified. Also, releasing forces for various exposure dosages are mechanically measured for flat mold. The results show the measured releasing force is not stabilized until the conversion is completed up to over around 90 %. Based on these results, the minimums exposure dosage is known for successful releasing.


The laboratory compaction method influences the design and performance testing of asphalt mixes. For a performance test to yield reliable mechanical properties, it is necessary to ensure that laboratory specimens are fabricated in a manner that adequately simulates field compaction. The simulation is based on the distribution of aggregates and air voids inside the mix, which is referred to in this study as the internal structure. This study evaluated the ability of the Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) to simulate the internal structure of asphalt pavements, and the influence of different field compaction patterns on the produced internal structure. Computer automated image analysis techniques and X-ray computed tomography were used to capture and quantify the internal structure distribution. Three field test sections were constructed using different compaction patterns. SGC specimens were prepared using different values for the angle of gyration, applied pressure, specimen height, and temperature of base plates and mold in order to determine the best combination of gyratory internal variables that would simulate field compaction. In addition, the study evaluated the sensitivity of the compaction curve characteristics to changes in the SGC variables. The results indicated that the different field compaction patterns used in this study produced similar internal structure in asphalt pavements. However, changing the compaction variables in the SGC (angle, pressure, height, and temperature) influenced the internal structure in laboratory specimens. It was possible to simulate the internal structure of asphalt pavements by changing the angle of gyration and specimen height in the SGC. Increasing the temperature of base plates and mold of the gyratory compactor assisted in developing more random distribution of air voids within a specimen. Graduate Research Assistant, Washington State University Assistant professor, Washington State University 3 Asphalt Materials Engineer, Asphalt Institute 4 Research Scientist, NDE Validation Center, Federal Highway Administration The influence of improving the simulation of SGC specimens to asphalt pavement internal structure on performance testing was evaluated


With a 2.9-mM concentration of unlabelled bovine serum albumin (BSA), the FITC-albumin transport (2 mg included) across the omental monolayer (0.48 +/- 0.16 mg/ml/30 min) was found to be significantly reduced as compared with the interstitial BSA concentration (290 microM) as it is the case, e.g., in peritonitis (0.79 +/- 0.09 mg/ml/30 min). Adding 10 micrograms lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ml from Escherichia coli, serotype 0128:B12, we did not see any differences from the control. Cultured mesothelial cells took up double the amount of FITC-albumin (4.2 +/- 0.13 micrograms/10(5) cells/30 min) and in the presence of LPS the uptake of FITC-albumin was reduced to half the control (2.15 +/- 0.47 micrograms/10(5) cells/30 min). The results reveal the active participation of the mesothelium because high concentrations of BSA reduced exocytosis and stimulated endocytosis. Applying 10 micrograms/ml of LPS turned out to influence endocytosis and to reduce it at a high BSA concentration.


Electrohydraulic expansion joining has great potential for joining the light weight and high strength thin-walled pipes due to its high strain rate. Based on the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology, multiple experiments of electrohydraulic expansion joining process were performed. The multivariate quadratic nonlinear regression model between process parameters (discharge voltage, wire length, and wire diameter) and the ultimate pull-out load of the joints was established. The results revealed that discharge voltage, wire length and wire diameter all had a significant effect on the ultimate pull-out load. The discharge voltage had the most significant effect. The interaction between the discharge voltage and the wire diameter had a significant effect on the ultimate pull-out load. The optimal parameter combination (discharge voltage = 6 kV, wire length = 10 mm, wire diameter = 0.833 mm) was obtained and verified through the experiments. This study would provide guidance for the choice of the process parameters in real applications.


[Objective] The study aimed to research the application effect of grey situation decision of mono-target in variety distribution of wheat.[Method] With production test data of wheat in 2006 in Henan Province as reference,the grey situation decision of mono-target was taken to comprehensively analyze the yield,freezing injury,lodging and diseases of 8 wheat varieties such as Xinmai 19,Pumai 10,Pingan 3,Zhengmai 3634,Yunong 201,Zhengnong 17,Huapei 1 and Zhoumai 20,the measure-value on comprehensive effects of 8 wheat varieties were compared.[Result] In different ecological districts,the optimum variety distribution was all planting Yunong 201,and the following were planting Zhoumai 20 and Zhengnong 17,which indicated that the Yunong 201 had best adaptability in each area.Because more factors were considered in the method of grey situation decision of mono-target,so the results with this method were more scientific.[Conclusion] Using the principle and method of gray arrangement could guide variety distribution,which could make out the more objective and reasonable decision.


This paper presents a solution to the /spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// control problem for an extended strictly positive real plant subject to the constraint that the controller is positive real. Under a fixed order approximation of an /spl Rscr//spl Hscr//sub /spl infin// parameter, a necessary and sufficient condition is given in terms of a system of linear matrix inequalities. A flexible beam example is included to illustrate the design methodology.


The aim of the study is to establish the current distribution оf Balkan endemics Moehringia jankae Griseb. ex Janka and Moehringia grisebachii Janka in Bulgaria. The routing method was used. All areas which the species inhabit according to literary sources were visited. Established were 12 populations of M. jankae and 32 populations of M. grisebachii. All established populations of M. jankae were from the Eastern Balkan Range on the territory of Sinite Kamani Natural Park. Three of the registered populations of M. grisebachii were from North-Eastern Bulgaria (Shumen region, near village Madara). Thirteen were from Sredna Gora Mts (nine on the territory of village Rozovets, two between village Rozovets and Bratan peak, two on peak Orlite and one between peak Orlite and the megalith Popova turla, rock formation along the road from village Rozovets to the rock formation Pravite kamani, the rock formation Pravite kamani, rock formations west of the megalith Pravite kamani, and one above village Pesnopoy in the area Usoykata). Nineteen were from the Eastern Balkan Range on the territory of Sinite Kamani Natural Park. Each population was assessed and the factors with negative influence were indicated.


A widely recognized paper by Colin Mayer (1988) has led to a profound revision of academic thinking about financing patterns of corporations in different countries. Using flow-of-funds data instead of balance sheet data, Mayer and others who followed his lead found that internal financing is the dominant mode of financing in all countries, that therefore financial patterns do not differ very much between countries and that those differences which still seem to exist are not at all consistent with the common conviction that financial systems can be classified as being either bank-based or capital market-based. This leads to a puzzle insofar as it calls into question the empirical foundation of the widely held belief that there is a correspondence between the financing patterns of corporations on the one side, and the structure of the financial sector and the prevailing corporate governance system in a given country on the other side. The present paper addresses this puzzle on a methodological and an empirical basis. It starts by demonstrating that the surprising empirical results found by Mayer et al. are due to a hidden assumption underlying their methodology. It then derives an alternative method of measuring financing patterns, which also uses flow-of-funds data, but avoids the questionable assumption. This measurement concept is then applied to patterns of corporate financing in Germany, Japan and the United States. The empirical results are very much in line with the commonly held belief prior to Mayer's influential contribution and indicate that the financial systems of the three countries do indeed differ from one another in a substantial way. JEL-Classification: G20, G32


The use of exclusionary fencing is not a new practice. Exclusionary fencing has been tested and used across the nation to keep wildlife off of state highways to minimize wildlife / vehicle collisions. For the Washington State Department of Transportation's I-90 Snoqualmie Pass East project, meeting exclusionary fencing goals was challenged by the highaltitude project area's extreme weather conditions. Not only did the project team need to find a suitable fence design that excluded wildlife, but also one that would withstand 140 inches (or more) of snow and rain each winter, require low maintenance and costs, and look aesthetically pleasing. To find a fence design that would meet all these requirements, the design team embarked on a three-year wildlife exclusionary test fence performance study. During the fall of 2007, 2008, and 2009, the team constructed (and repaired) test fences with many different types and combinations of materials. The design team initially examined three fence types – metal posts and chain link fabric (Alaskan Moose Fence), wood posts and eight-foot fabric (Canadian Wildlife Fence), and wood posts and two rows of four-foot fabric (WSDOT Fence). Each test fence was approximately 300 feet long and placed within 30 feet from the edge of the highway pavement. The teams' primary study objective was to assess how well each fence component held up to the harsh weather conditions of the pass, including direct impact from snow thrown from passing snowplows. The design team inspected each fence in the spring, after the snow melted. After assessing performance in the spring of 2008, the team added two additional modified fence designs and eliminated two of the original designs. The three remaining modified fences were: Fence C: Canada Wildlife Fence (Modified), Fence D: Combination Steel Pipe and Cable Fence, and Fence E: Combination Steel "C-post" and ElectroBraid® Fence. After three years of study, the design team determined that all three remaining fence designs could withstand the harsh environment of Snoqualmie Pass with varying degrees of repair issues and design modifications. Fence C showed the fewest component failures and did not appear to need significant modifications. Fence D suffered from a significant number of fabric-to-post wire tie failures. Fence E suffered from shearing of the fabric-to-post bolts on most of the posts, but simple modifications would eliminate downward translation of the fabric. The team worked with fence contractors and WSDOT maintenance personnel to develop a final recommendation package. The group evaluated how well fence materials and construction methods held up during each year's evaluation period. The team also considered construction, maintenance requirements, and costs. The design team then selected the final fence design based off of the recommendation package, physical engineering and practical performance, and aesthetics that fit into the overall landscape architecture "theme" for the project. Most importantly, the final fence design was selected to ensure WSDOT's investments promote safety for the traveling public and wildlife.


Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antagonist is widely used for the treatment of a variety of tumors. In the present study, the possible protective effect of aqueous green tea extract (AGTE) in methotrexate-induced haematotoxicity was investigated.Four main groups of white Albino rats were used: control group, (MTX) group, following a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) saline was administered for 5 days. (AGTE) group, was treated with 1.25% concentration of AGTE only for 12 days and the (MTX+AGTE) group, in thism group rats received different concentrations of AGTE (0.625, 1.25 and 2.5%), as their sole source of drinking water, 7days before and 5 days after MTX treatment. MTX induced significant decreases in RBC, Hb, Hct, WBC and platelets. Whereas increased MCV and MCH. Moreover, the concentrations of AGTE play a major role.The best protective effects of AGTE treatment were observed at the concentration 1.25% While 0.625% and 2.5% AGTE had no protective effects on haematological parameters.


Social security is by definition a combination of public and private responsibilities. The result is a mixture of public and private legal systems and instruments, aiming to serve certain public interests. The mixture of both private instruments is expected to provide more efficient, tailor-made solutions that still meet the public interests of reliability, solidarity and equality. This article provides an exploration of the thin line between the public and private in Germany and the Netherlands for social security with regard to income protection for employees who fall ill or who become disabled. The comparison focuses on the distribution of responsibility between employee-employer (private) and employee-government (public), the criteria determining incapacity for work, the thresholds for public coverage and finally on institutions that decide on claims for social security. The descriptions of the German and the Dutch systems illustrate the mixture of public and private instruments and the reasons behind opting for a more public or more private influence. Despite the differences between the two systems they are similar in the way in which they search for corrective measures to remedy the negative effects of both public and private regu-lation.


The planning process of hilton hotel and its construction within the ruins of a monastery in the historic centre of budapest are discussed.


Knee and hip problems account for up to 40% of injuries in classical ballet. Despite apparent flexibility, many dancers appeared to have tight iliotibial bands that contributed to lower limb problems. Thirty senior female ballet dancers were contrasted with thirty age-matched active volunteers for hip and knee range of motion, and the information derived was correlated with their ortho paedic medical histories. Dancers spent a reasonable period of time warming up, but it was usually with an unbalanced routine that emphasized hip abduction and external rotation to the exclusion of adduction work. This was reflected in the significantly lower range of passive hip adduction and internal rotation compared to the controls. Furthermore, the older and more ex perienced the dancer, the more this trend was exag gerated. This unbalanced flexibility may play a role in the production of lateral knee pain (30% of the dancers) and anterior hip pain (33% of the dancers). It is sug gested that more attention should be given to a bal anced stretching regimen as part of the dancers' war mup in an effort to reduce the frequency of some of the chronic hip and knee complaints.


This paper reviewed the advances of polystyrene modification by blending .The main routes of polystyene are blending with polyolefin(PE, PP), some engineering plastics and elastomers. And the paper indicated that the reactive extrusion blending and nano-inorganic filler reinforcing are the good operations for polystyrene modification.


This paper answers criticisms recently leveled at the Quota Method for congressional apportionment, and reconsiders the relative merits of various axioms and methods.


Soil surface crusting is a common but unfavorable process in Mediterranean environments. Soil surface crusts hamper infiltration of water into the soil and stimulate surface runoff, erosion and flooding downstream. Furthermore, crusts hinder germination of seeds and settlement of plants. Surface crusts develop within minutes during high intensity rainfall typical for arid and semi-arid environments. The raindrops destroy the soil aggregates and the aggregates disintegrate into the basic particles clay, silt and sand. Crusts are formed at the surface by compaction or by infilling of the inter-aggregate pore space. The objective of this study was to determine the spectral and physical properties of surface crusts in the field and to investigate the possibilities of hyperspectral airborne imagery to map soil crusts and to identify crusts types. Results show that the differences in some physical properties between crusted and non-crusted surfaces are significant while others show only marginal variation. Infiltration capacity is largely reduced by crusting. Spectral differences are small. Crusted versus non-crusted spectra differ mainly in albedo values (8 to 40%). No consistent changes are found in absorption features in the spectra of crusts and non-crusted surfaces. Some of the crusts show stronger absorption features in the clay mineral absorption bands at 2200nm. Spectral feature fitting and linear spectral unmixing algorithms were applied to HyMap images to evaluate the mapping of surface crusts. The presence of crusts could be mapped for fallow, agricultural lots but in case of natural badland areas the spectral response of the fragmented landscape was too complex to map the presence of crusts.


Some achievements studied on optical information processing in our laboratory is summarized in this paper.It emphasize the damping projection non mode algorithm for the inversion of particle size distribution,and,the morphological scale space transform for moving objects tracing.The experiment results for demonstrating are given.


The macrocyclic tetra-amino-tetra-phenolate ligand L4–, from 2, obtained by borohydride reduction of the corresponding tetra-Schiff's base macrocycle 1, gives a tetra-zinc derivative, [LZn4(OH)(MeCO2)3(MeOH)]·1.5MeOH, Whose X-ray crystal structure is described.


Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an LDL-like molecule composed of a part of apolipoprotein(a) bounding covalently to apolipoprotein B-100. High plasma Lp(a) levels were associated with MACE in stable CAD patients. Recent research shows contradictory results in stable CAD patients with high Lp(a) plasmatic levels and impaired glucose metabolism in MACE occurrence.

 Investigate whether high Lp(a) levels were associated with MACE in CAD patients with impaired glucose metabolism, at an extended follow-up.

 A prospective cohort of 1,127 CAD patients with impaired glucose metabolism (pre-diabetes and diabetes) was observed during 4.9±3.4 years. Pre-diabetes was considered when fasting plasma glucose ranged from 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L, or hemoglobin A1c levels ranging from 5.7 to 6.4%. Lp(a) levels ≥30 mg/dL were considered high. Bivariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis evaluated the risk of Lp(a) ≥30 mg/dL for MACE occurrence. Kaplan-Meier curves estimated the survival probability for high and low Lp(a) levels.

 Of the patients with Lp(a) levels ≥30, 44.4% presented MACE and 32.0% had no MACE (p<0.0001). Cox regression analysis with smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity and kidney failure (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min) showed that high Lp(a) remained in the equation as an independent risk factor for MACE (HR=1.24; p=0.031). The Kaplan-Meier showed, at 10-year' follow-up, a better survival in the group with lower Lp(a) levels (p=0.023).

 Our study demonstrated that high Lp(a) levels were an independent predictor of MACE and cardiovascular mortality in a CAD population with impaired glucose metabolism. Lp(a) measurement may help further risk stratification for diabetes and pre-diabetes patients suffering CAD. With the recent development of drugs that selectively lower Lp(a) levels, this marker can become a clinical target for reducing CVD risk.

 Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): SESARAM EPERAM


Community-based tourism may contribute to the sustainable development of a community but may also have negative impact. The relationships residents have with their own communities affect their perceived impact from tourism and, in turn, their participation and support. This study examines the correlation between residents' place relationship and perceived tourism impact in order to inform the development of community tourism. The study was conducted in Greater Tainan, Taiwan. A total of 393 valid questionnaires were collected. Through factor analysis, factors for place relationship and perceived tourism impact were extracted. Regression analysis was then applied to understand the influence of these factors. Analysis reveals significant correlation between place relationship and perceived tourism impact. Two factors were extracted for place relationship: "community participation" and "place attachment". Three factors were extracted for perceived tourism impact: "economic impact", "environmental impact" and "socio-cultural impact". The relationship between the factors is as follows: "community participation" significantly affects "economic impact" and "socio-cultural impact"; "place attachment" significantly affects "environmental impact" and "socio-cultural impact". Evidently, the different place relationships residents have with their communities also affect their perception differently. Both types of residents are concerned with the socio-cultural impact. However, residents active in community participation are more sensitive to the economic impact, while those with strong place attachment demonstrate stronger feelings about environmental change. Residents may be assigned to deal with different types of tourism impactrelated problems according to their types of place relationship for optimal effectiveness. © 2017 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


System safety is the property of the system that characterizes its ability to prevent from hazards, which may lead to accidents or losses. Traditionally, system developers are not familiar with system safety analysis processes which are performed by safety engineers. One reason for this is the gap that exists between the traditional development processes, methodologies, notations and tools and the ones used in safety engineering. This gap makes the development of safety aware systems a very complicated task. Several approaches based on UML have been proposed to address this gap. In this paper, an approach to integrate safety engineering with a SysML based development process that is expressed in the form of the V-model, is presented. Preliminary hazard analysis is adopted and applied to a SysML based requirements specification of the mechatronic system that exploits essential use cases. A case study from the railway domain is used to illustrate the proposed approach.


Abstract. Granitoids and related rocks of eastern Australia can be classified according to their metallogenic potential using a scheme based on compositional character, degree of compositional evolution, degree of fractionation, and oxidation state. The scheme is based on empirical and theoretical considerations and satisfactorily describes the known distribution of granite‐related mineralisation.


Endothelin (ET) receptors on chondrocytes were demonstrated using cultured rabbit costal chondrocytes. After crosslinking the receptors on the cells with 125 I‐ET‐1, two major bands of 43 kDa and 46 kDa were separated by SDS‐PAGE. Scatchard analysis demonstrated two classes of ET receptors with Kd values of 1 × 10−10 M and 5 × 10−9 M. The numbers of high‐ and low‐ affinity receptors were 1 × 104 and 2 × 105 per cell, respectively. The binding of ET‐1 to chondrocytes was increased by treatment with PTH, DBcAMP, TGF‐β1, IL‐1β, RA and EGF. ET‐1 stimulated DNA synthesis in cultured rabbit chondrocytes. ET‐1 also stimulated calcium incorporation through the cell membrane of chondrocytes. These findings indicate that ET‐1 has a physiological effect on chondrocytes via its receptors on the cells.


[Objective] The aim was to analyze the sequence of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers(ITS) of Atrina pectinta.[Method] The ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequence fragments of A.pectinta were amplified and sequenced by specific primers,then their base sequence features was analyzed.[Result] The ITS-1 sequence length of A.pectinta was 570 bp(including 20.2%T,30.0%C,22.3%A,27.5%G),the ITS-2 was 618 bp(including 22.3%T,27.3%C,23.5%A,26.9%G);the similarity of A.pectinta ITS-1 with Scapharca broughtonii,Chlamys farrei,Crassostrea virginica,Ruditapes philippinarum was between 25.6% and 38.1%,while the ITS-2 was from 24.5% to 38.9%,it showed that the A.pectinta had highly divergent in genetic distance with the other four kinds of shelf and could be used for genetic diversity study at A.pectinta population level.[Conclusion] It provided important molecular information for the protection and utilization of A.pectinta resources of China.


Xie Zhaozhe is one of the representatives of Min School on Late Ming Dynasty.There are mainly two kinds of evaluations on his poem theory from the posterity.One is that Xie Zhaozhe advocated Former and Latter Seven-Master Schools very much.The other is that Xie Zhaozhe consciously estranged from Gongan School and JingLing School.But those two evaluations are very superficial.The purpose of this article is to show the distinctive regional characteristic of his poem theory by thoroughly analyzing the main idea of his poem theory.


Tamoxifen (TAM) has emerged as the most effective drug and acts as a first-line therapy in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer in the past four decades. Moreover, it can reduce the recurrence rate and the mortality of patients with ER-positive breast cancer. However, clinical studies have reported that approximately 50% of ER-positive breast cancer has a de novo resistance to TAM, and 30% to 40% of the remaining responsive patients will acquire resistance to TAM. This review focuses on ERα36, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) and amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1), which were correlated with ERα and ERα-related singal pathway, to explain the mechanism of TAM resistance and discuss their possible clinical roles. DOI:10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2015.55.314


Social policies are central to regional social integration. This article addresses this with the European Union (EU) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It considers the part that access to social security, social assistance, health and education services play in facilitating free movement within regions. The article shows that in the EU the formal reality of free movement is substantially curtailed by problems with the portability of and access to social benefits. In SADC migrants' access to social protection and social services show remarkable similarity to the EU. Access to social assistance is missing in both regions for some movers. Given the symbolic nature of the �no recourse to public funds for migrants� mantra of national social policies in both regions the article concludes that a policy and funding response at the regional or even global level is required if regional social integration is to be enhanced through social policy.


The attempted murder of Mrs Maria Korp in the State of Victoria in Australia in 2005 hit the headlines in Australian newspapers.1 The guilty mistress, the attempted murder of the wife ('choked and left for dead in the boot of her family car'),2 the 'swinger's website', the prolonged coma in a persistent vegetative state, the husband's 'grief', the wife's death after withdrawal of life support, the husband's apparent suicide, all played out in the tabloid press; ghoulish and ghastly. Mrs Korp disappeared on 9 February 2005. On 13 February she was found strangled and left for dead in the boot of her car. She remained in a coma until her life support was terminated and she died on 5 August. Her husband's mistress, Tania Lee-Ann Herman, was found guilty of her attempted murder. Maria's husband, Joe, was also charged with the attempted murder of his wife, but died in an apparent suicide on the day after his wife's funeral. From the succession law point of view, however, there was a fascinating subplot: the power of the court to make a will for a person—the statutory will. Maria Korp had left her whole estate to her husband if he survived her, but if he predeceased her, she gave the whole of her estate to her two children. The Victorian Supreme Court made a new will for her—one that removed her husband as executor and beneficiary.3 A statutory will is not the same thing as a state distribution of the assets of a person without capacity as occurs, for example, on intestacy. It works through the guise of will-making and, in so doing, raises some interesting questions about the nature of testamentary freedom—the freedom to make wills—in Anglo-Australian law today and, in particular, the role of the testator's intention.


ABSTRACT Since the implementation of China's reform policies, the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone has emerged as an important window to the outside, as well as a strategic gate allowing tourists from the Asia-Pacific region to enter China via Hong Kong, one of China's major points of entry. This study aims to measure the level of satisfaction of cross border travelers with hotel services in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (SSEZ). A total of 148 travelers were interviewed. The cross border travelers' perceptions of 34 hotel attributes were factor-analyzed by using principal component analysis with orthogonal VARIMAX rotation. Five dimensions, representing 65.9% of the explained variance, were extracted from the original variables. The five dimensions (factors) were 'room quality,' 'staff service quality,' 'facilities,' 'food and beverage quality,' and 'value.' The results indicated that there was a significant difference between cross border travelers' overall perceived importance levels and the overall levels of satisfaction. Of the five hotel factors, four factors emerged as significant independent variables. The 'staff service quality' was the most important determinant of cross border travelers' overall satisfaction and followed by 'food and beverage quality,' 'value,' and 'room quality.' Implications of the findings for hotel operators in the SSEZ were discussed.


In 1997, the Copenhagen Stroke Study revealed that stroke was recurrent in 23% of patients admitted with a stroke. Predictors of recurrence were history of transient ischaemic attack, atrial fibrillation, male gender and hypertension. In 2011, the Danish recurrence rate was 25%. With the aim of preventing recurrent stroke, a preventive clinic was established in 2014 at the Department of Neurology, Herlev Hospital. Data from the preventive clinic are analysed in the present study.


A multilevel scheme is presented that explores the possibility of quadrupling flash EEPROM storage density. Sixteen levels (4 bits/cell) of charge are stored in existing NOR stacked gate devices. A distinction is made between logical threshold voltages (as seen by the sense amplifier) and transistor threshold voltages (as defined by the gate characteristics), and precise programming gives distinct logical threshold voltage distributions, whereas transistor threshold voltage distributions are contained in a small 2.5 V range and kept low so that logical distributions survive a ten-year equivalent data retention bake.


In the present specification discloses a compound or salt or prodrug combination comprising a pharmaceutically, having the formula. [Formula 1] Y, A and B are as described herein. Further, a method associated with these compounds, also disclosed are compositions and medicaments.


Summary: In the CSAMT ore exploration in mountainous areas, terrain and local electrical static effects cannot be surely corrected by simply using various filtering and phase integral method. It is important to develop a new method for eliminating static effect, so as to improve the CSAMT data processing and interpretation. By taking eliminating terrain effect as a main consideration and with the 2D earth models in undulated terrain environment concerned. A cross-symmetrical triangular gridding has been used to model a complex geo-electrical earth with terrain involved for forward calculation of 2D CSAMT data acquired with the equatorial dipole array. On the basis of the 2D forward modeling, a 2D inversion technique has been developed based on OCCAM method. And a set of 2D inversion techniques suitable to deal with undulated terrains have also been developed. It has been proved by measured data processing that the terrain and static effects can be effectively corrected by the techniques. In mineral explorations, terrian and static effects can thus be mostly eliminated in so inversed resistivity sections, with geo-electrical features and ore anomalies clearly shown up.


Emission standards have become increasingly stringent, which has generated more interest in problems related to environmental pollution. However, the EV driving range suffers from A/C (air conditioning) for the comfort of the occupants, especially in very hot or cold climates. Therefore, the dimensioning of the A/C system is more important than the case of the conventional vehicle with internal combustion engine. Specifically, EV consumes electric power from the battery pack to control the comfort of the passenger compartment due not only to the absence of rejection of engine heat for internal heating, but to the lack of operating power of the engine compressor for cooling inside. Subsequently, the energy utilization for the cooling/warming of the lodge should be enhanced for the energy effectiveness of EV. In this document, we focus on the size of the cooling system because the temperature of the indoor air in hot climates is more sensitive to the thermal comfort of the passenger.


Recovering the architecture of existing software systems remains a challenge and an active research field in software engineering. In this paper, we propose an approach to recover the layered architecture of object oriented software systems. To do so, our approach first recovers clusters corresponding to the various responsibilities of the system; the challenge in this context is to find the appropriate level of granularity of these responsibilities. Then the recovered clusters are assigned to layers using an optimization algorithm that exploits the principles of the layering architectural style. The approach was validated on five Java open source systems.


To promote direct air capture technology in practical application, the effects of the moisture in air on dilute carbon dioxide (CO2) separation should be considered. Though much researches have been done from the view of adsorption equilibrium and mechanism, more attention should be paid on the dynamic adsorption performance at wet dilute CO2 source for process design. In this paper, we performed single component CO2, H2O and binary CO2/H2O adsorption experiments using both static and dynamic methods. It was found that the moisture adsorption/desorption isotherm affects the mass transfer greatly. The dynamic performance from wet air differs quite from the wet flue gas carbon capture. For further process simulation, more kinetics information under high humid condition is needed.


With the rapid technological development in various walks of life, Information Technology (IT) resources play an exceptional and key role in the advancement of the field of scientific research, as data sources and electronic content E-Data & E-Content transfer scientific and research resources in a digital (electronic) format to achieve communication and understanding.  Among the researchers, the sources of the containers of storing electronic content in its various capacities and forms are indispensable for any researcher to save the research material in the short or long term, while the sources of software from operating systems, software and various applications play an essential role to help the researcher to collect the research material and see the continuous updates in the field of his research and facilitate his work whether before or during the writing of the research or even after writing the research and publishing and tracking its impact and impact, and these facilities provided to the researcher are more evident in the resources of electronics Microelectronics, which are represented by the size of the  memory RAM & ROM and  also CPU, and the researcher can only do the above through the  sources of computers Computer HW of  various sizes and types, network  sources and communication technology (CT) systems, and all of the above sources of information technology are transmitted between users  of End Users  Information systems specialists, which represent the seventh source of information technology, namely the sources of specialized human resources for the system.


A wire (10) guide for insertion into a lumen, said guidewire comprising: a flexible wire (25) having an outer diameter, an inner diameter, a proximal end and a distal end; a wire (50) rotatable generally solid core having an outer diameter, a proximal end and a distal end, said distal end slidably inserting said wire core rotatable in said proximal end of said flexible wire; a tip (45) attached to said distal end of said rotatable core wire guide, wherein said guide tip comprises a boring surface; a sheath (30) having an outer diameter and an inner diameter, a proximal end and a distal end, said distal end of said sheath slidably insertable through said proximal end of said flexible wire; and at least one device (35, 40) centering made of an alloy having superelastic properties attached to said flexible distal end of said wire (25), said at least one device (35, 40) centering a proximal end and a distal end, a smaller first diameter for insertion into said lumen, and a second larger diameter for centering said flexible wire (25) in said lumen, said at least one device (35, 40) centering said first smaller diameter when said sleeve 30 is slidably inserted through said flexible wire (25) and said device (35, 40) centering until said distal end of said sheath (30) is substantially in contact with said tip (45) guide and bearing said at least one device (35, 40) centering said second larger diameter when said sheath (30) is retracted slidably said tip (45) guided to said distal end of said sheath (30) is no longer in contact with said at least one device (35, 40) centering; and wherein said wire (10) guide is configured such that, in use, can be advanced more interventional devices over the wire (10) guide.


This new edition of the best-selling book gives a complete overview of the electronic commerce environment. It has been revised and completely updated to reflect the most recent trends in security, EDI, B2B, dotcoms, and online trading. Covering everything from fundamental encryption issues to future trends, this comprehensive guide provides a thorough study of electronic commerce and the tools needed to conduct business on the Internet.


In the present study, molecular pathologies of 8 patients from unrelated 4 consanguineous and one non-consanguineous families were characterized; 4 novel and 1 previously reported homozygous mutations were identified in the P5N-1 gene. 1) A frameshift 700–701InsA mutation in exon 9 was identified in a 40 years old patient who has been followed as hereditary spherocytosis (HS) for many years because of marked spherocytes and highly increased osmotic fragility. He underwent splenectomy (11yr) and cholecystectomy (26yr). Afterwards, Hb level stayed between 8.5–11g/dl. Co-existence of Gilbert syndrome 7/7 TATA repeat genotype accounts for very high serum bilirubin level (18–28mg/dl). 2) A splicing mutation (IVS8+1 G>A) was found in a 30 years old patient who was followed as HS due to associated spherocytosis and slightly increased osmotic fragility. She received blood transfusions regularly, underwent splenectomy and cholecystectomy (14yr). Afterwards Hb stayed at 9.6–10.5 g/dl. Co-existence of Gilbert 7/7 genotype accounts for the high bilirubin (15mg/dl). 3) A splicing (IVS7+1 G>A) and a silent (T275C in exon 6) mutations were detected in 2 siblings. Despite non-consanguinity, identification of two homozygous mutations indicated the presence of a common ancestor. The girl received transfusion several times, underwent splenectomy and cholecystectomy(18yr). The boy, diagnosed in family survey (2yr) and underwent splenectomy (10yr), currently has highly increased osmotic fragility. Both had few acanthocytic spherocytes. After splenectomy Hb stayed around 11 gr/dl, bilirubin around 5–6 gr/dl in both. 4) A missense T220C mutation in exon 5 (C74R) was identified in 24 and 21 years old sisters. The elder had iron deficiency anemia and the younger diagnosed in a family survey had retinitis pigmentosa. Hb were around 10g/dl, bilirubin around 2.5–6 mg/dl, few acontocytic spherocytes observed in both. 5) A nonsense T543G mutation (Y181X) in exon 8 was detected in 14 and 7 years old brothers. The mutation was reported previously in another Turkish family, however, haplotype analysis failed to indicate founder effect. The older required blood transfusions while hospitalized several times due to recurrent attacks of cerebral infarcts. Hb fluctuated between 6.5–10 g/dl, bilirubin was around 3 mg/dl. He underwent splenectomy recently (17yr). The younger had iron deficiency anemia, Hb was between 7.2–9.9 gr/dl. Few aconthocytic spherocytes were observed in both. All mutations were screened in at least 100 individuals from a healthy Turkish population and no mutation was detected. In conclusion: 1- The mutation spectrum of P5N-1 gene is quite heterogeneous in Turkish population (7 different mutations in 9 unrelated families so far). 2- P5N-1 deficiency is classified as non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia, however, all patients of this study more or less had spherocyte in the peripheral blood smear. In addition, some patients even had increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility emerging as confounding factor in diagnosis. Taken together, there is a reason to suggest that the possibility of P5N-1 deficiency should be considered in at least some of the patients diagnosed as HS. 3- The co-existence of Gilbert disease could modify the clinical presentation of the disease. This study was supported by Hacettepe University Research Fund (02G116).


The agriculture in China is faced with high weather risk.The current measures for managing and transferring the risk are not efficient due to their own defects.However,weather derivatives market is an efficient mechanism to detract and transfer the risk.It's necessary to develop this market in China with GDD(Growth-Degree-Day) temperature future contract as the trial product,then following with other derivatives till the market becomes mature.


The radiative mean lifetime of the upper electronic state (B2Σ) of the violet system of CN has been measured to be (8.5±1.)10—8 sec, corresponding to an oscillator strength f=(2.7±0.3)10—2. These results include contributions, of undetermined weights, from the (0, 0) through (4, 4) vibrational transitions.


The invention discloses a dendritic cell targeted peptide, a coding gene and an application. The dendritic cell targeted peptide is named NP. The amino acid sequence of the dendritic cell targeted peptide is shown in SEQ ID NO.1 in a sequence table. One efficiently targeted dendritic cell targeted peptide is screened out of numerous short peptides by using a dendritic cell as the target cell and reducing and screening phage random peptide libraries in a subtractive manner. The antigen presenting capacity of the dendritic cell and the capacity of the dendritic cell in killing most tumors, such as cervical cancers and breast cancers are obviously improved through fusion of the dendritic cell targeted peptide and a tumor-associated antigen MUC1. The dendritic cell targeted peptide has wide application value in diagnosis and treatment of most cancers.


This paper discusses a new model of disambiguation based on BCG(Binary Combinatorial Grammar).It first presents some concepts and main ideas of BCG,studies the limitations of the probabilistic context-free grammar, combines PCFG with context-sensitive probabilistic context information,and proposes a new disambiguation model.The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the correctness of syntactic disambiguation.


The article presents the milestones of the educational policy of Russia in the sphere of lawyers' training beginning with the pre-October period and over the 20th century.


A 60-year-old nonsmoking woman presented with hemoptysis. Chest radiograph showed a diffuse reticulonodular shadow (Picture 1), and thoracic computed tomography demonstrated diffuse thin-walled cysts, with multiple nodular shadows and ground glass opacities, in both lung fields (Picture 2). Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography revealed an 8-cm tumor in the left iliac bone (Picture 3), which was histologically diagnosed as angiosarcoma. The uptake of FDG was also observed in multiple lung nodules (Picture 4). Diffuse cystic lung diseases can be


PMD has become the main impediment to the high-speed long-distance optical communication systems. The methods for suppressing PMD are analyzed from three aspects: making craftwork, selecting of optical apparatus and transmission of signal. The feasibility of the methods are discussed.


The mechanical sorting process of granular and vegetal materials is a complex technological process influenced by a series of factors from which we remind: mechanical vibratory motion, geometrical measures of the sorting equipment and technological factors. Based on correlations between the presented elements one can establish the technological parameters of the sorting process so that to realize a quality separation.In the paper we present a method for determination of mechanical oscillations influence on the quality of the sorting process with planar sieves. The experiments performed on a dimensional sorter with planar sieves aimed at identification of an optimum working set-up in terms of frequency and amplitude of the sorter's vibrators, for a quality separation degree.


A NEW TRIBE of organisms, the Mimeae, was proposed by DeBord 1 in 1939; this tribe, composed of short, gram-negative rods or diplococci, nonmotile, nonspore-forming, and growing well on simple media, is noted especially for its ability to mimic neisseriae. Mima polymorpha , the only species of the genus, shows no fermentation of sugars, but some strains are oxidase positive. The clinical importance of this organism has become increasingly apparent in recent years. It has been incriminated in a variety of conditions including fulminating septicemia, 2 subacute bacterial endocarditis, 3,4 dermatitis, 5 urethritis and other urinary tract infections, 6,7 infection of brain substance secondary to head trauma, 8 and meningitis. Inadequate differentiation from Neisseria is possibly a basis for current reports of penicillin-resistant gonorrhea diagnosed by smears.9,10 Since the appearance in 1948 of the first reported case of meningitis caused by this organism, 11 6 other cases have been reported in


Supplier relationship management is an important challenge for shippers in logistics outsourcing. This paper attempts to understand the factors which affect inter organizational relationships performance in third party logistics and proposes a conceptual framework specifically for inter organizational relationship performance in third party logistics. We also draw a set of propositions from published research and exploratory inter-views with practitioners to explain inter organizational relationships performance in third party logistic net-works. Five main dimensions of inter organizational relationships are identified which affect performance in third party logistics: commitment, supplier adaptation, conflict resolution, partner fit and communication. In order to assess the validity of our conceptual model we include a case study in this paper. The case study is based on Shell Chemicals Europe and their portfolio of seventeen third party logistic service suppliers.


Elliptic Curve Cryptography is one of the most interested research topic in VLSI. Network security is becoming more and more crucial as the volume of data being exchanged on the Internet increases. ECC offers high security for networking and communication. FPGA based architecture for elliptic curve cryptography coprocessor ,which has promising performance in terms of both Space Complexity and Time Complexity is proposed in this paper. The coprocessor consists of three levels of operations, which are elements operations over binary finite field, point adding and doubling operations on elliptic curve and scalar multiplication.


Background The CGEAN, the professional nursing organization dedicated to the academic preparation of nurse leaders, administrators, and leadership and administrative research, has been providing funding for research for several years. In the process of its recent strategic planning, CGEAN identified a need for increased efforts on the part of nurse administrators and educators in the areas of research (www.cgean.org/aboutcgean.php). As part of the increased emphasis, the CGEAN Board made 3 strategic decisions. The 1st was to fund research every year instead of every other year. The 2nd was to expect those who had received funding through CGEAN to report at the biennial International Nursing Administration Research Conference (INARC) so that their research was assured of dissemination. The 3rd was to create an organizational focus on the future of nursing administration research in an era of healthcare reform. To accomplish this last endeavor, a series of engagement approaches were designed, culminating at the INARC meeting in November 2013. In support of an organizational focus on research, CGEAN developed and implemented 2 webinars, which are the focus of this article.


One of the major challenges in health care today is to ensure optimum outcomes for patients presenting with similar problems no matter where or from whom they receive their treatment. One of our objectives as clinicians, and as a profession, should be to capture and systemize the practices that lead to the best outcomes and eliminate those that result in less than optimal results. Fortunately, there are methods to assist us in achieving this goal. This article reviews these methods through examining how we can use outcome measures and evidence-based practice principles to establish best clinical practices in audiology. Although the focus of this review is on hearing aid–related intervention, the principles discussed are applicable to all aspects of audiologic diagnostics and treatment.


A new measurement technique based on a two-color pyrometry and modulated LⅡ signals to measure local soot particle temperatures has been proposed and examined experimentally. The theoretical review suggests that modulated LⅡ signals of soot particles is suitable for a two-color pyrometry as long as the temperature increase due to laser heating remains relatively small. The modulated LⅡ signals from ethylene and propylene diffusion flames were simultaneously measured at 550 and 750 ㎚ by a dual measurement system that consists of optical fibers, PMT and lock-in amps. The local soot particle temperatures of diffusion flames could be obtained using a two-color pyrometry and modulated LⅡ signal based new technique.


: The duplex helical method is an advanced manufacturing method of face milling spiral bevel and hypoid gears for its characteristics of higher machining efficiency and power dry cutting. In order to reveal the generalized theory of the duplex helical method, the cutting mathematical model on three reference points is established and the basic machine settings of the formate spiral bevel and hypoid gears generated by the duplex helical method are determined with the vector method according to principle of gearing and differential geometry and the relative position and motion among head-cutter, machine and workpiece. Then, the hypoid gear dimensions are modified based on the root angle of the pinion obtained by the midpoint of the point width for the pinion as the reference point. In addition, and a novel method for calculating ease-off is presented utilizing the pinion generating surface instead of its conjugate surface, which can gain the same simulation results and greatly simplify the process of calculation compared to the traditional methods. Finally, a hypoid gear drive 7 × 43, designed and manufactured using the duplex helical method, is performed and validated, the results of the tooth contact analysis and rolling tests show that the proposed theory of the duplex helical method is correct, and new spiral bevel and hypoid gear software has been developed using the new approach, which provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the promotion of the duplex helical method at home.


A number of iterative learning control algorithms have been developed in a stochastic setting in recent years. The results currently available are in the form of algorithm derivation and the establishment of various fundamental systems theoretic properties. As the crucial, in terms of eventual use in applications, next stage this paper compares their performance when implemented on a gantry robot system.


This chapter introduces the overall methodology and theoretical approach taken in the book, explaining the significance of the idea of the outsider in modernism. It then outlines the idea of the geographical emotions of modernism (drawing upon a term first coined by the writer Bryher). This is articulated by combining theories of literary geography with work on affect theory, mood, and emotion. Theorists drawn upon here include Silvan Tomkins, Henri Lefebvre, Raymond Williams, and Martin Heidegger. It argues for an understanding of modernism in these four European cities in terms of a regional transnationalism, situating this approach within current debates on global modernism. The chapter illustrates these arguments by a reading of Mulk Raj Anand's Conversations in Bloomsbury.