This study aims to determine the effect of some concentration of Lusi mud (Sidoarjo mud) as a medium to grow mangrove plants on the growth of Rhizophora apiculuta seedlings. A total of 24 experimental units arranged in a randomized block design with treatment were Lusi mud concentration on planting medium, ie: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The variables observed were plant height, stem diameter, long root leaf area and wet weight and dry weight of plant. Data obtained were analyzed statistically by an analysis of variance and HSD test were used to indicate the significant differences between the mean values (p<0.05). The results showed that the 10% Lusi mud concentration responded to the growth of canopy, root length, and wet weight and dry weight of R. apiculuta plants similar to those in the control treatment. At concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40%, up to 50% of Lusi mud, plants are able to grow well despite lower growth rates comparedwith no Lusi mud


In 2008, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte (UNC Charlotte) joined in a community initiative with the Urban Ministry Center to provide shelter to the homeless during the winter months. A student organization was formed to sustain university support. The author created a service-learning project as part of a Citizenship and Service Practicum course. Three semesters of end-of-course student evaluations indicate that the service-learning experience had an impact on the students in three ways. It raised awareness of homelessness; helped dispel negative stereotypes and foster more positive attitudes; and promoted positive civic attitudes and desire to "make a difference."


Naila Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought

Margaret Snyder and Mary Tadesse, African Women and Development: A History

Marianne Marchand and Jane Parpart (eds) Feminism, Postmodernism, Development

Nabil F. Khoury and Valentine Moghadam (eds) Gender and Development in the Arab World. Women's Economic Participation: Patterns and Policies


Dc'lurt./t~~~trf of'Slrt.gct:~. trtrd Hetrrr Rc~.~c~rrrc~lr 11l.stirrrtc~. Scorrl Nlrtio~lrrl l'tli~~or.si~~. C'ollcgc~ of' 2~rlcrlic~itrr~. Seoul 110- 744. k'orc~~r = Abstract = Vascular proliferative lesion is one of the most important causes of sten- osis and late thrombosis in arterial reconstructions. We studied the effect of cyclosporine and dexamethasone on decreasing the hyperplastic response after exper- imental arterial injury in rats. Ninety female rats were assigned to one of four groups, each receiving daily subcutaneous injections of either (1) saline (control), or (2) cyclosporine(CYA) 5mg/Kg/D, or (3) dexamethasone (DEXA) 0. 1 mg/Kg/D, or (4) CYA 5mg/kg/D and DEXA 0. lmg/kg/D. Injections were started 1 day before the intimal injury and continued daily for 6 weeks. Arterial injury was created in 90 rats by rotating a lmm coronary dilator in the right common iliac artery. The vessels were harvested 1,4,6 weeks after injury and the thickness of the tunica media was measured. In the control group the injured iliac artery had significant medial thickening when compared to the noninjured (P(0. 0001) 1 week after injury. Injured arteries treated with CYA or DEXA or CYA and DEXA showed significantly less medial thickening when compared to that of control (P(0. 001) but no significant difference was noted among drug treated groups for 1 and 4 weeks of treatment. At 6 weeks, however, me- dial thickness in the CYA and DEXA group was significantly less than that of the CYA or DEXA group(P( 0. 05). These data suggest that CYA and DEXA are effective in suppressing the hyperplatic myointimal reaction to an intimal injury. In addition, these data also pro- vide the evidence that immunological mechanisms may modulate vascular proliferative lesions. Itl~l~~~rt~o.s~rl~~,r.c.s.si~~~~ rr,qc)rlt.s. ('j-c~lo.c;l,o~.iw, t~~~


The dependance of light progagation in dentin and enamel on their microstructures is investigated using a 4π-goniometer and a collimated transmittance apparatus. A pronounced anisotropic light scattering pattern caused from cylindric structures is found.


The difficulties in teaching English grammar, particularly the Present Perfect Tense, which does not exist in the Tajik language, are considered in the given article. The task of a teacher is to equip the students with the skill to recognize a complicated grammatical structure is thrown light upon. The advantages of teaching the Present Perfect tense to TajiK students by means of communicative interactive methods in comparison with the traditional way are defined. The analysis of structural errors in the third person singular form and practical advice in the use of the most effective methods of teaching are suggested. Teaching the affirmative, interactive and negative forms of Present Perfect is presented. The stages of the lesson with brainstorming, tests, didactic games and other kinds of tasks are recommended allowing the use of efficient activities by means of teaching techniques, the conclusion is made on the problem.


The paper is based on the analysis of the original source of the 19th century, "Story about travelling through Russia, Moldova, Turkey and the Holy Land of the Athos monk Parthenii" (1855). Parthenii as a representative of the Orthodoxy, who strongly believed in his religion, and resting upon his travel impressions, described his trip in his book. Thus in the book one could find different cultural image of "Other" – that one of the Turk, his religion and the policy of Ottoman Empire towards ChristiansThe paper is based on the analysis of the original source of the 19th century, "Story about travelling through Russia, Moldova, Turkey and the Holy Land of the Athos monk Parthenii" (1855). Parthenii as a representative of the Orthodoxy, who strongly believed in his religion, and resting upon his travel impressions, described his trip in his book. Thus in the book one could find different cultural image of "Other" – that one of the Turk, his religion and the policy of Ottoman Empire towards Christians


The invention relates to the technical field of LEDs (light emitting diode), in particular to a production process of a strong-light LED light source module. The production process comprises the following steps of a. manufacturing an integral LED wafer, and plating a high-refractory thin film on a large-size surface, where a electrode is not located, of the LED wafer; b. dividing the LED wafer plated with the high-refractory thin film into an LED wafer single body; c. die bonding the LED single body on a surface of a substrate with the surface plated with the high-refractory thin film contacted with the substrate, and connecting the LED wafer single body through wire welding; d. plating one layer of high-refractory thin film on each of the other five surfaces of the LED wafer single body; e. assembling and packaging to form the complete LED light source module according to requirements. The beneficial effects of the strong-light LED light source module and the production process are mainly reflected in that before the light emitted by the LED wafer single body enters packaging material, as the peripheries of the LED wafer single body are all plated with the high-refractory thin films, and an angle of 90 degrees is formed between every two adjacent surfaces, so that the effect of multiplying the light-emitting surface is realized, the total reflection rate is greatly reduced, the light-exiting efficiency is improved, and the effect of increasing light intensity is realized.


Micro- and mini-chemical and thermal reactors are devices that possess small internal features (<500μm high), which allow for increased heat and mass transfer rates between fluids. One method for manufacturing these devices is through Foil Lamination, which is the diffusion bonding of metallic sheets that have been precision machined to produce the internal architecture. This study investigated the influence of diffusion bonding temperature, pressure, and time on the bond strength between metallic sheets and the integrity of the embedded feature. Tensile strength, pressure drop and metallgraphic measurements were made as a function of diffusion bonding condition on test coupons which contained a double lap joint tensile bar and an embedded channel. The results revealed that those conditions that produced good metallurgical joints between the sheets resulted in high back pressures of fluid flowing through the channel. Conversely, those conditions that resulted in poor metallurgical joints resulted in low back pressures. These results were used to select a combination of diffusion bonding conditions for producing devices with optimal performance characteristics.


On December 19, 1995, President Clinton vetoed the Private Securities Litigation Reform Bill because he disapproved of certain provisions in the bill, which restrict the ability of private litigants to sue for securities fraud. This study shows that the stock price reaction to the veto is positively correlated with proxies for probability of a firm being sued, namely, market model beta and membership in high technology industries. It further shows that the stock price reaction to the veto reverses when Congress overrides the veto. This evidence suggests that the shareholders of firms with high litigation risk approved of the veto. We consider several reasons for the stock price reaction to the veto and conclude the following: the shareholders' primary concern was that the restrictions to sue proposed in the bill would reduce the deterrence effect of securities litigation and weaken the financial disclosure system.


The present study compares the near-field and far-field sensitivities of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors. To put into evidence the difference between far-field and near-field sensors, optical extinction measurements have been performed on gold nanoparticle gratings coated with dielectric superstrates of varying thicknesses. The potential of LSPR sensors is usually considered to lie in the near-field regime. Therefore, a comparison of the near-field sensitivities for gold nanoparticle gratings and continuous gold films of 50 nm in thickness is provided. The difference in refractive index sensitivities of both sensors is discussed in relation with the decay length of the evanescent near-field. SPRs sensors are usually considered more sensitive than LSPRs in terms of the m factor, refractive index sensitivity. We argue that the m factor sensitivity can only be defined for thick (15–100 nm) superstrates; for thin superstrates (d < 15 nm), the decay length of the evanescent field must be tak...


Based on the analyses of the advantages and disadvantages of the asset management and resource management of mineral resources,as well as international experience of resource management ,the characteristics of mineral resources and the conditions of Chian,this paper holds the effective combination of the two management models can lead to the effective management of mineral nesourcse The paper also presents the suggestions on reforming the present management system of mineral resources in China.


Research is humanistic that addresses questions raised by considering people as agents who can act in a purposeful and meaningful manner. The logic of experimentation as well as the logic of structures can be used to clarify and extend our understanding of people as self-directing agents.


In this paper, a control design methodology for the new class of modular robots so-called "unidrive modular robots" is introduced. Unidrive modular robots because of employing only a single drive for operating all the joints have a substantial advantage over regular modular robots in terms of the mass of each module. The drive is mounted at the robot base and all joints tap power from the single drive using clutches. By controlling the engagement time of the clutches, the position and velocity of the joints are regulated. In this work, a general state space model of the robot is first developed and then based on the theory of variable structure systems and sliding mode control a design methodology for local controllers is introduced. The control design technique is validated by experimental results.


Following ELMy H-mode experiments with liquid metal divertor target on the COMPASS tokamak, we predict the behavior of a similar target on COMPASS Upgrade, where it will be exposed to surface heat fluxes even higher than those expected in the future EU DEMO attached divertor. We simulate the heat conduction, sputtering, evaporation, excitation and radiation of lithium and tin in the divertor area. Measured high-resolution data from COMPASS tokamak were rescaled towards the Upgrade based on many established scalings. Our simulation then yields the amount of released metal which ranges from 4 mg s−1 upto 12 g s−1 depending mainly on the geometry and Li/Sn choice, quite independently from active cooling or strike point sweeping.


Objective To approach relative of increased levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) to pathological changes of lunges in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). Methods The patients with diagnosed AIDS admitted on the basis of illness in department of respiratory medicine of our hospital(general hospital) from Jan 2008 to Dec 2011 were prospectively observed, in which 68 cases of patients(male 54, female 14, age range 26-78 years old, means 51.10 years old) with serum CEA data and CT detections of thorax were selected, and the relevance among clinical expressions, symptoms, CT image changes of thorax and the leves of serum CEA were analyzed comparatively. Results The results were showed over 5 ng/ml serum levers of CEA(raised serum CEA) were 44.12% in 68 cases of patients with AIDS, there were not significant difference about mean age, the cases of fever and cough between raised serum CEA group and normal serum CEA group, but mean age were the eldest 3.22 year older in higher CEA group than normal groups, there were significant difference in the cases with raised serum CEA levers of chief complaint of short breath and complicating fungal infection, which were double to normal CEA groups, the cases of raised serum CEA of other chief complaints, as anergy, night sweat and chest discomfort were about moiety(a half)(47.83%) to normal CEA group, the mean levers of normal CEA group were(2.04 ± 1.34) ng/ml, but the levers of higher CEA group were(8.28 ± 4.54) ng/ml(P 0.001), the probability of GGO in lungs of patients suffer from AIDS with raised serum CEA were 4 times of patients with normal CEA groups. The mean CEA levers of AIDS were showed that there were homologus difference with different range and density of chest eikonic GGO in patients with AIDS, but the mean levers of lung glaebule shadow, mediastinum enlargement and fiber item shadow were 0.00-10.93 ng/ml about, there were significant deviation than lungs GGO(P 0.001). Conclusions There are correlation in the serum heighterned CEA levels with lungs GGO range and density, it is non-tumorous charactenistics, could associate with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.


As Internet is changing from network of data into network of functionalities, a federated Internet of applications, that every application can cooperate with each other smoothly, is a natural trending topic. However, existing integration techniques did not pay enough attention to multiple control domains for participants, i.e. application providers and end-users. In this study, we advocate a global cooperation model for all the participants counts. In particular, we propose a hybrid model to manage the cooperation among applications to achieve more optimized allocation of efforts, which means users perform lighter actions and application providers concerning less uncontrollable information. In addition, we implement the required system and show a case study which demonstrates the effectiveness of this model.


The simulation of the instruments based on the cascade multiplication of electrons has always been an important and challenging subject in no matter high energy physics, astrophysics, radiography and other fields. In this work, a generic simulation toolkit is developed based on Geant4, ROOT and CADMesh toolkits for the electron multipliers based on the emission process of secondary electrons, especially for Microchannel Plate (MCP). Geometry of instruments can be directly imported by standard CAD files and multiple kinds of electromagnetic fields are supported. MCPSim is capable for simulating the general hadronic, weak and electromagnetic processes together with secondary electron emission, which provides a wider range of applications. Users are able to configure the simulation and define the output information by a simple textfile. By comparing with experimental measurements, good agreement is found. MCPSim is expected to guide the design and optimization of such electron multipliers and will be continuously developed and maintained to better satisfy the present and future requirements.


Using the extreme difference of self-similarity and kurtosis at large level scale of wavelet transform approximation between the PTFM (Pulse Trains of Frequency Modulated) signals and its reverberation, a feature-based matched filter method using the classify-before-detect paragriam is proposed to improve the detection performance in reverberation and multipath environments. Processing the data of lake-trails showed that the processing gain of the proposed method is bigger than that of matched filter about 10 dB. In multipath environments, detection performance of matched filter become badly poorer, while that of the proposed method is improved better. It shows that the method is much more robust with the effect of multipath.


Through the establishment of an Outreach, Admissions, Scholarship and Inclusion Services (OASIS) team, the University of Iowa College of Engineering has greatly expanded the activities of faculty, staff and students to benefit the broader community. A key activity of the OASIS group is the connection of researchers, student organizations and academic programs, with programs that engage special populations to expand the reach of the academic community and to advance the broader impacts of research for the benefit of society. Partnerships with institutional programs such as Upward Bound, regional community organizations such as the Boys and Girls Clubs and the municipal partnerships with corporations and school districts have enabled innovative programs. Activities across these partnerships increased 200% over a period of three years. Program assessments align with results reported by the Iowa Governor's STEM Advisory Council, which has revealed increased STEM learning and STEM interest among a variety of K-12 participants. Efforts to continue the collaboration culture of researchers, diversity professionals, corporations and community organizations continue. The result has been a community of scholars willing to "share their STEM stories" with diverse groups. These outreach and community engagement activities provide "cradle to career" service to students and their mentors; training for teachers who implement new practices in K-12 classes, and access to educational and career opportunities for learners across the state.


Based on Duncan-Zhang soil mechanics model,a finite element analysis model of a reservoir embankment dam was established and the stress analysis was made on the dam in the dead water level,half of water level and the highest water level.The dam samples were collected for shear test.Through comparison of simulative analysis results and the measured results,the body of the dam is safe,under the current situation.


As vehicular communication becomes a widespread phenomenon, there will be an increase in spectrum scarcity. Cognitive radio provides an effective solution but requires a robust sensing mechanism that entails a large overhead; this additional sensing data could be detrimental to a system already lacking in bandwidth. This paper proposes novel ways of limiting sensing overhead by improving upon current methods which use cooperative mechanisms and adjustable double thresholds (DTHs). Based on a sliding variable, the proposed thresholds can react to changes in the environment, providing the required primary user detection and false alarm probabilities while limiting the number of vehicles reporting sensing data. Three new DTHs have been proposed: detection-based DTH, decision-based DTH, and independent-threshold DTH. Each has unique properties that make it suited for different environments. Simulations were run on all proposed thresholds to test their validity and endurance under environmental changes. The results indicate that the DTHs would greatly benefit high-contention, dense vehicular networks.


As it is well known, in Wireless Sensor Networks, the sensor nodes will be either mobile or static. When mobility is concerned, on the whole network performance could be degraded, since the sensor nodes are furnished with restricted battery power, restricted memory, less computational ability and lower range of communication. So, a mechanism which is effective is needed there for forwarding the data packets with efficient energy management and coverage. With that note, the principle target of this work is to propose systematic method of CH selection based on the factors such as low mobility, density of the nodes and their remaining energy. Moreover, an innovative method called Node-Grade Based Clustering (NGBC) is proposed in this paper so as to select the CHs, studying the node's energy and position regarding to their Base Station (BS), which will act as a sink for collected information. The CHs are replaced in every round based on its duty cycle on sensor nodes and Threshold Energy Rate (TER). Since the BS evaluates the quantity of every round a CH (Cluster Head) can sustain, it minimizes the quantity of energy consumed and increases the WSN's lifetime. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the proposed algorithm attains higher coverage, efficiency in energy and network lifetime. Furthermore, the performance results in the work which is proposed, are distinguished with the algorithms proposed previously such as LEACH and HEED using some evaluation metrics like packet delivery ratio, throughput, energy consumption and end-to-end delay to prove the efficiency of energy efficient NGBC.


System for treating a tissue site of a patient by vacuum devices, and methods are provided. In one example, reduced pressure treatment apparatus for treating a tissue site with reduced pressure, the collection unit may include a pump control unit that is fluidly isolated. Pump energy by the pump control unit is provided, thereby bending the one or more diaphragms in the collection unit may generate a reduced pressure. Other systems, devices, and methods are provided. .FIELD 1


The people living in the present Bangladesh have got their distinctively different cultural identity, language and also Architecture. When the land was under Indian subcontinent (up to 1947) and then, Pakistan (1947-1971) there was no scope for the development of its distinctively different Architectural style. Now, it is high time for this independent country to think of its own Architectural style.


This dissertation examines the dynamics of Urban Geospatial Digital Neighborhood Areas (Urban GeoDNA) and their impacts on local information discovery. It analyzes the demand and supply sides of information from a community perspective to understand how variations in local boundary definitions condition the quantity and quality of informational resources users can discover through digital libraries to plan urban neighborhood environments. Primary data obtained through interviews with bottom-up participants from local Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and libraries are combined with secondary data gathered from a variety of top-down sources including federal, state and city agencies. These datasets are analyzed using a series of Geographic Information System (GIS) processes and results are loaded into a final GeoDNA database developed according to current Geospatial Information and Mapping Policies (GIPMs). Using a selected set of seven neighborhoods in Bronx County, NY, the study integrates top-down and bottom-up boundary definitions to test the role urban GeoDNA plays for discovering local information by online users to conduct community development and environmental planning activities. Specifically, the research compares three different neighborhood boundary versions to assess their effects on the quality and quantity of local information users can discover through digital libraries geospatially. In addition, a group of socio-demographic variables at the census tract level are examined to determine if such boundary variations are related not only to information discoverability but also to the characteristics found within different types of neighborhoods. Finally, the study evaluates the use of combining top-down with bottom-up geospatial information by appending the different neighborhood boundary files gathered for the research and testing their aggregate usability to discover relevant resources with which to conduct planning activities at the local level. Results from the study suggest that, by combining geospatial definitions from top-down and bottom-up sources, new and extended neighborhood boundaries can be created and used to georeference local resources without altering the ranking of materials found through geospatial searches. Therefore, an aggregate boundary approach can be used to enrich the fundamental essence of urban GeoDNA materials to allow users to discover information that carries both geographical and ontological knowledge about local neighborhoods simultaneously. The study also provides insights for community users to become more proactively involved in the dissemination of local knowledge because, by publishing metadata about their studies, reports and other resources with aggregate geospatial definitions, the chances for their discovery are increased. Moreover, the study contributes to the growing body of literature on Public Participatory GIS (PPGIS) by expanding the opportunities community participants have to send local information from the ground up to make them discoverable in a geolibrary environment.


This paper is motivated by the tremendous energy consumption of streaming video servers and the energy-economic nature of solid-state drives. An energy-aware data placement strategy with its associated scheduling policy is proposed for streaming video servers equipped with solid-state drives (SSDs). A skewed energy-aware load over SSDs and disks is adopted with a duplication policy to deal with popular and unpopular video files so that disks could spin down as much as possible. With the concepts of batch processing and patching integrated with the scheduling policy, the proposed strategy could further reduce the bandwidth load and minimize the number of active disks.


In the framework of the method of field correlators the mechanism of confinement is studied in terms of effective fields defined in a gauge invariant way using the Wilson loop. At small distances the gluodynamics in terms of effective fields in the leading order of perturbation theory is described by Maxwell equations, and in particular the color-Coulomb potential of one-gluon exchange is reproduced. Taking into account of three-point correlators of gluon fields leads to the picture of confinement appearing in sqeezing the effective field by the effective "magnetic" currents and screening the color-Coulomb part of the field.


In this paper we give a characterization of the optimal cost of a stopping time problem (resp. impulse control problem) as the solution of a variational (resp. quasi-variational) inequality without assuming coercivity. The evolution case under Neumann boundary conditions is treated by combining the analytic and probabilistic methods.


The mathematical modelling of a pandemic with prevention, mutation and infection parameters to justify the natural properties of the diseases with a view in controlling it. Strength of the virus strain, population density gradient, cyclic healthcare potentials (with vaccination and cure) along with 2 WAVES (generalized upto 'n' waves with dual and anti-dual factors) interpreted over periodic cycles of odd and even permutations to illuminate the necessary conditions for natural and artificial immunization thereby emanating the potential for cures over (−3, ±1, +3) instigation factors as interpreted over a Bell curve.


The purpose of this paper is to present a unified theory of several differentneural networks that have been proposed for solving various computation, pattern recog-nition, imaging, optimization, and other problems. The functioning of these networks ischaracterized by Lyapunov energy functions. The relationship between the deterministicand stochastic neural networks is examined. The simulated annealing methods for findingthe global optimum of an objective function as well as their generalization by injectingnoise into deterministic neural networks are discussed. A statistical interpretation of thedynamic evolution of the different neural networks is presented. The problem of trainingdifferent neural networks is investigated in this general framework. It is shown how thisapproach can be used not only for analyzing various neural networks, but also for the choiceof the proper neural network for solving any given problem and the design of a trainingalgorithm for the particular neural network.


The technical process of manufacturing injection mold using arc spraying craft was introduced.The features and process and structure designing of spray mold were described.Against the features of multi product type and product type fast refreshing about acoustics,it was approved that the acoustics loudspeaker's spray mold has the feature of simple technology and short manufacturing period and low cost.It suits for new products development and small-lot or multi-type products.It meets the necessity of the more and more drastic market competition.


A study of biological filtration on granular activated carbon GAC has been performed at the Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) treatment plant using experimental pilot filters. Bacterial colonization of GAC was monitored in three carbon filters having varying depths and filtration velocities, but similar empty bed contact time (EBCT). About three months were required to colonize the GAC in the filters and a steady state bacterial biomass of around 2 μgC/cm³ GAC was reached. During the colonization period, removal of nonbiodegradable organic carbon (NBDOC) by filtration decreased from 50% to less than 10% showing a gradual saturation of GAC adsorption capacity. However, biological processes take turn with adsorption to ensure a significant removal of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) during the study period (more than 200 days). Filters operating under different conditions did not show any difference in the BDOC removal. This indicates that biological removal of organic matter in GAC filters having a given EBCT is independent of filtration rate (in the range 6 m/h–18 m/h). The maximum bacterial density in the filter effluent water was 1.5 x 10\u5 bacteria/mL during the colonization phase; this seemed to be linked to a lag in establishing a protozoan population, which, at equilibrium, efficiently removed bacterial biomass produced within the filters. Once established, the efficiency of this complex microbial assemblage was remarkable; the removal of about 0.25 mgC/L of BDOC resulted in the release of less than 0.5 x 10\u5 bacteria per milliliter, around 0.0015 mgC/L as bacterial biomass in the effluent.


~Non-lmear transition shift (NLTS) of side core composite (SCC) MIG head was investigated by changing head and media parameters. It was found that deep gap depth and high Bs metal fdm on the trailing side of a core gives steep gradient of magnetic field from head gap, which helps to improve the NLTS. With the combination of high Hc and small BrS media and SCC MIG head, the possibility of achieving the recording density of 1Gbit/in2 with SCC MIG head was demonstrated.


This article is written in the mainstream of Linguistic and Cultural Studies and describes the main linguistic characteristics of the Russian and Chinese folk tales. The author starts with the fact that fairy tales as the folklore genre reflect socio-cultural values of a nation, forming the national language picture of the world. The author regards several traditional images expressing the national specificity. The following means of artistic expressivity actively used in fairly tales are analysed: constant epithets and stereotype units (formulae of the beginning and ending). The comparative aspect of studying linguistic (more widely general philological) characteristics of the Russian and Chinese fairly tales gives novelty and actuality to the study.


As social work is an international profession, it is necessary to establish the validity of assessment of the field practicum of students for the purpose of professional accreditation. This study calibrates an indigenous assessment tool, the Social Work Practicum Assessment (SWPA), developed in Hong Kong with a competency-based evaluation (CBE) tool popularized in North America, using data collected from 171 social work final-year undergraduates. The results demonstrate convergence between the SWPA and CBE when rated by field instructors and were greater when the student-assessed CBE was higher. Alternatively, the student-assessed CBE displayed greater convergence with the instructor-rated CBE when the indigenous assessment was higher. The positive results imply the generalizability of the assessments across places.


Cunninghamia lanceolata superior clones from Hunan,Guizhou,Guangdong and Zhejiang were collected by Yangkou National Forest Farm of Fujian Province.18 superior clones were selected from them through variance analysis and genetic parameter estimation.The 18 clones not only have excellent growth display in former areas, but also have very strong growth potency and great increase benefit in yield in Fujian Province.


Lampung Province is one of the regions with the highest cocoa production, but many factors can interfere with cocoa production. One of them is the factor of pests and diseases of cocoa that cannot be identified and prevented beforehand. An expert system is a system that adopts expert knowledge or experts in a particular field. However, the diagnosis usually contains uncertainty in the form of answers and statements used. Certainty Factor (CF) algorithm, is one of the algorithms that is able to overcome uncertainty by providing a value for the level of trust from experts and users. However, because the CF value is based on the level of confidence in the symptoms experienced by the user, it creates a problem, namely the consistency of the user's answers. So, it is necessary to make improvements to the CF algorithm, to overcome the inconsistency of user answers through the use of Consistency Ratio (CR). Through the use of CR, inconsistencies are overcome through comparisons between the consistency index and the random index. Based on the results of the accuracy test, the proposed model is able to produce an accuracy rate of 86.67% in the diagnosis of pests and diseases on cocoa plants.


We propose a mathematical procedure for finding informed trader activities in European-style options and their underlying asset. The regression model (9) with moving average component was written. Being added to it ARMA-process for log-price differences of underlying asset, the generalized model is written as Vector ARMA, stable at abs(ro)


The advent of DNA recombinant technology and the possibility of gene transfer between organisms have opened a wide range of possibilities for improvement of livestock production and human health care products. The recent advances in gene transfer, animal cloning, and assisted reproductive techniques have partly fulfilled the expectation in the field of livestock transgenesis. This paper reviews the recent advances and applications of transgenesis in livestock and their derivative products. Typical agricultural applications include improved carcass composition, wool production, and lactation performance which is enhanced disease resistance and reduced environmental impact. Transgenic farm animals have also become important in human medicine as sources of biologically active proteins, as donors in xenotransplantation, for research in cell and gene therapy and for human disease. modeling. Until recently, pronuclear microinjection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was the standard method for producing transgenic animals. This technique is now being replaced by more efficient protocols based on somatic nuclear transfer that also permit targeted genetic modifications. Lentiviral vectors and small interfering ribonucleic acid technology are also becoming important tools for transgenesis.


Utilization of industrial waste or secondary materials has encouraged in construction industry for the production of concrete because it contribute to reducing the consumption of natural resources. Copper slag is one of the materials that is considered as a industrial waste which can be used in construction Industry. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete using copper slag as partial replacement of fine aggregate.


Background The high recurrence rate of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after tumor resection brings huge physical and financial burdens for patients. Several predictive models that predict the recurrence of patients with NMIBC have drawbacks in clinical practice. With the rapid development of therapeutic methods, more factors should be taken into consideration when constructing predictive model. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 90 patients who were diagnosed as intermediate- or high-risk NMIBC and received a Thulium laser resection of bladder tumor (TmLRBT) or transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by BCG instillation. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to screen out the independent prognostic factors of recurrence free survival (RFS). A nomogram and risk index were constructed using these prognostic factors. Results In this study, 22 patients suffered recurrence; 37 patients (41%) received TmLRBT, and over 90% patients completed intravesical BCG instillation for one year. The univariate Cox regression showed that surgery (TURBT vs TmLRBT), previous bladder tumor, tumor number, pathological stage, post-operative catheterization and number of BCG therapy were associated with RFS. The multivariate Cox regression revealed that surgery (TURBT vs TmLRBT) (HR = 3.16, 95%CI [1.02 – 9.83]); previous bladder tumor (HR = 4.03, 95%CI [1.41 – 11.54]); number of BCG therapy (HR = 0.89, 95%CI [0.84 – 0.95]) were independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was constructed and exhibited excellent capability in predicting the RFS with an AUC of 0.789, 0.848, 0.806 at 6-, 12- and 24-months respectively and a c-index of 0.822. Also, the calibration curve and decision curve analysis were performed to verify the predictive efficacy. The risk index was derived from the nomogram and also exhibited favorable capability in predicting the progression free survival (PFS) of patients. Conclusions Patients who received TmLRBT, without previous bladder tumor history and had more intravesical BCG instillations are likely to have better RFS. The nomogram and the risk index which were constructed to predict the RFS and PFS of patients may help urologists to make clinical decisions and aid in precision medicine.


Of all the Nordic countries, only two have ratified the ILO convention 169 on indigenous peoples on behalf of a minority group: Norway in 1990, and Denmark in 1996. The minorities in question are the Norwegian Sámi and the Greenlandic Inuit. These two peoples share a history of cultural and political discrimination, but also a growing awareness of their cultural and indigenous identity from the 1970s onwards. Cultural historical museums were established in both areas during the following decades, yet the oldest and largest collections of Sámi and Greenlandic material were to be found in the institutions of their former suppressors. This paper compares Norwegian/Sámi repatriation processes to those of Denmark/Greenland. In 1981, a huge collection of watercolours was handed over to the Greenlandic Home Rule Government as a first step in the process of repatriating 35 000 items from the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen to Greenland's National Museum in Nuuk. The process was completed in 2001 and is acknowledged by UNESCO as an exemplary one, providing general guidelines for cooperation on the subject of repatriation. The earlier and more conflictual cases of reacquisition of Icelandic and Faroese cultural heritage, demonstrates however that successful Danish repatriation strategies have developed only gradually. Repatriation of Sámi heritage from Norwegian institutions has not been an equally smooth process as the Greenlandic one, and is mainly connected to human remains. The return of the skulls of two beheaded leaders of a socialreligious revolt taking place in Kautokeino in 1852 became a symbolic victory. The Norwegian Museum of Cultural History (Norsk Folkemuseum) is in these days about to transfer half of its collection to Sámi museum institutions, and in 2011 a delegation of Norwegian and Sámi museum professionals went to Nuuk in search of inspiration for the work that lies ahead.


This paper presents a new two stage hybrid domain decomposition algorithm that aims to accelerate the analysis and dynamic simulations of power systems with high levels of renewables, which can be computationally intensive. The algorithm employs a Schwarz-based technique on the first level of the decomposition to break down the problem to several sub-systems using relaxation on the variables of the boundaries. next, each sub system is for the second time divided to sub-domains which can be calculated independently utilizing the Schur complement technique. Convergence will be confirmed at both levels to check the parallelized implementation of the sub-systems produces same outcomes as the original problem. To assess the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method for implementation of large scale and very large scale power systems, it is performed on an IEEE9bus system while a solar PV farm replaces one synchronous generator connected by a grid-forming inverter with an admittance-control method. As traditional dual loop grid-forming inverter are not stable when connected to a stronger grid with a small grid inductance, a virtual inductance approach is used to increase the equivalent inductance which is connected to the grid and improve stability.


The effect of eight encapsulant materials on bipolar device total dose response, at low (0.01 rads s/sup -1/[Si]) dose rates was studied. Each material was applied to devices with and without their passivation layer. Gain degradation was studied.


Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP) is less common in adults and has been linked with a more severe clinical syndrome as well as a higher frequency of renal disease and internal malignancy. Renal involvement in adult HSP has been significantly associated with antecedent infections, pyrexia at time of first presentation, and purpura above the waist. We aim to evaluate the frequency of cutaneous and extra‐cutaneous features and identify the predictive factors for renal involvement in Asian adults with HSP.


After analyzing the injection process of the shell component,the overall structure and the design keys of its injection mold were introduced.The positioning procedure of the mold and the structural characteristics of the positioning mechanism were studied.Rational parting surface was designed.The technical holes could serve as not only positioning holes but also injection gates.A unique positioning mechanism was presented,in which positioning and ejecting functions were combined.By the new mechanism,the shell component could be produced smoothly,the problem of shell positioning was tackled,and the production efficiency was improved.


The main objective of this article is to procure the notion of single-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic minimal structure space (SVQNMSS) and introduce the notion of single-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic minimal open set and single-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic minimal continuous function in it. Further, we study several fundamental properties of continuity in SVQNMSS, such as the composition of single-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic minimal continuous functions and the product of single-valued quadripartitioned neutrosophic minimal functions in product SVQNMSS.


We report high resolution transmission electron microscopy and ab initio calculation results for the defect formation in Pt nanocontacts (NCs). Our results show that there is a size limit to the existence of twins (extended structural defects). Defects are always present but blocked away from the tip axes. The twins may act as scattering plane, influencing contact electron transmission for Pt NC at room temperature and Ag/Au NC at low temperature.


The objectives of this paper consists in the analysis in time-frequency (TF) domain of asynchronous motors control with inverter switching at zero voltage. Analysis of nonstationary signals is of great interest in many areas, but it can be extremely useful for power electronics. The study of these phenomena typically involves the analysis in time-frequency because it can give an overview of the behavior of nonstationary signals through so-called time variant spectrum P(t, f). Key-Words: Switching at zero voltage, Asynchronous motors, Gabor representation


Based on the analysis of the geological environment condition and the current situation of Zhaogezhuang Dump in Tangshan,the pollution features of soil,soil water and groundwater around the dump were studied.The results showed that the pollution features of point pollution sources were influenced not only by the formation lithology,stratum structure,groundwater runoff and pollution time,but also by the degradation and adsorption mechanism and contents of various pollution components.The concentrations of most pollution components in soil,soil water and groundwater decreased gradually with the increase of the distance from the dump.The pollution range was less than 20 meters.With the increase of the distance,the concentration of some individual increased and then decreased.The blocking action of cohesive soil was obviously more than that of sandy soil.This research provided an important basis for the control of point pollution sources,which was of great significance in the prevention of groundwater pollution and protection of groundwater sources.


Euro area economic recovery is starting to create the conditions for reducing monetary stimulus. We create a predictive model in order to forecast the probability of Ecb moving interest rates, based on consumers' confidence index, expected inflation and an index of systemics stress in the Euro area. The model shows that the probability of an Ecb interest rate rise has gone up to 36% while it was only 4% at the beginning of 2017


This brief survey article examines the strategies to cope with plague in early modern Italy, often hailed at the time and by historians as the country that provided the model for public health policies in other parts of Europe and even formed the basis for policies in subsequent centuries The study is organised according to three mains themes that are familiar today, containment, mitigation, quarantine, which also lay at the heart of plague strategies in early modern Europe The starting point will be to determine which measures contemporaries believed were particularly efficacious, through the lens of their own understanding of disease Then, by juxtaposing recent historical and demographic studies, I examine the application and effectiveness of public health measures in a country that was comprised of a series of larger and smaller states In the process, I seek to raise wider questions about whether it was human intervention or non-human factors, in particular regional ecology, that determined the impact of plague in particular areas


A bone from a raven's wing carved with regularly spaced notches is the best evidence yet that Neanderthals, too, had an eye for aesthetics. Francesco d'Errico at the University of Bordeaux, France, and colleagues examined a 38,000 to 43,000 year old raven bone from a Neanderthal site in Crimea. Five of its seven carved notches are parallel, with a similar depth and shape, suggesting they were cut with the same tool


To examine the influence of stimulus significance on the shin conductance response (SCR) a 21 sec. 1000-Hz tone was sounded variously In one car or the other. A click occurred during many tones, and a light signal always followed offset by 9 sec. Four groups were studied: one was told In press a pedal immediately on hearing any click; another only on hearing the click during a tone in a specified ear: a third was also to respond only to the specified ear, but was to withhold the press until the light following tone-offset; a fourth group simply listened without and response. Each of a series of predictions regarding the incremental effect of stimulus significance on the SCR was confirmed, at each point at which information was delivered on any trial - i.e., tone-onset, click, tone-offset, light-onset. This was true for both independent as well us for within-.S (between ear) comparisons. The presence of verbally-induced "significance" as well as the complex nature of its influence indicated the presence of central mediation in the elicitation of "peripheral" SCRs. Was identified which correlated uniquel with motor reaction time, did not habituate, and did not correlate with SCRs elicited by other signals in this task. The execute SCRs did not simply reflect judgments of "significance" rather, it was qualitatively distinguished from other SCRs which, in general, were associated with stimulus "significance" There was some evidence of an alerting SCR too, hut this was less sharply defined.


Objective To determine the effect of individualized oral hygiene instruction(OHI) on volatile sulfur compounds(VSCs) level in mouth air of patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods The individualized oral hygiene instruction was provided for 31 patients with chronic periodontitis(Organoleptic score was over two points) . The VSCs and plaque index(PLI) were evaluated pre-OHI and post-OHI. Results The score of PLI decreased from 3.09±0.44 to 2.63±0.46 significantly(P0.05) . The organoleptic score(OS) decreased from 2.68±0.70 to 2.35±0.75 significantly(P0.05) . While there was no significant differ-ence on the VSCs level pre-OHI and post-OHI(P0.05) . Conclusions Individualized oral hygiene instruction is helpful to remove plaque and improve oral hygiene. But the effect of OHI on VSCs level in mouth air is limited.


The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) first appeared in Wuhan province of China and spread quickly around the globe and became a pandemic. The gold standard for confirming COVID-19 infection is through Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The lack of sufficient RT-PCR testing capacity, false negative results of RT-PCR, time to get back the results and other logistical constraints enabled the epidemic to continue to spread albeit interventions like regional or complete country lockdowns. Therefore, chest radiographs such as CT and X-ray can be used to supplement PCR in combating the virus from spreading. In this work, we focus on proposing a deep learning tool that can be used by radiologists or healthcare professionals to diagnose COVID-19 cases in a quick and accurate manner. However, the lack of a publicly available dataset of X-ray and CT images makes the design of such AI tools a challenging task. To this end, this study aims to build a comprehensive dataset of X-rays and CT scan images from multiple sources as well as provides a simple but an effective COVID-19 detection technique using deep learning and transfer learning algorithms. In this vein, a simple convolution neural network (CNN) and modified pre-trained AlexNet model are applied on the prepared X-rays and CT scan images. The result of the experiments shows that the utilized models can provide accuracy up to 98% via pre-trained network and 94.1% accuracy by using the modified CNN.


For given positive integers $d$ and $m$, consider the projective klt pairs $(X,B)$ of dimension $d$, of Cartier index $m$, and with semi-ample $K_X+B$ defining a contraction $\pi\colon X\to Z$. We prove that it is not possible in general to write $n(K_X+B)\sim\pi^*A_Z$ for some $n$ depending only on $d$ and $m$, and some Cartier divisor $A_Z$ on $Z$.


The synthesis and pharmacological properties of a series of aroylmethyl derivatives of tricyclic benzimidazole systems containing hydroxy groups in aroyl radical are described. It is established that most of the synthesized compounds exhibit a high antioxidant activity, possess pronounced hemorheological properties, and influence the blood glucose level.


This study addresses the mechanisms that distress a flat-faced thrust washer bearing system. This washer bearing system separates a helical gear and its carrier within a gearset. It was found that the bearing can experience distress by the combination of rotational speed, axial load, and the sequence and rate of their application. Distress is defined as a sudden rise in the real-time frictional torque and temperature. The various tests suggest the presence of hydrodynamic effects at certain rotational speeds and axial load combinations marked by decreases in the calculated effective coefficient of friction with decreases in velocity. In the tested cases, a distinct increase in the coefficient of friction occurs at the instant of distress. Presented at the 56th Annual Meeting Orlando, Florida May 20–24, 2001


The main objective of this research was to establish the effect of store branding on the brands sales performance of consumer goods in the retail stores in Nakuru Town, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive case study research design. The target population for this study was the 60 top managers working in the retail shops in Nakuru Town which included; Nakumartt, Taskys, Woolmatt, Ukwala, Naivas, Stage Matt, Quick Matt, Revanas, Ereto and Uchumi. The study adopted structured questionnaire as the main data collection instrument with the following major attributes; elements of market mavens, functional risks, value conscious, smart shopping reinforcement and sales performance. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics more especially central tendencies; mean and standard deviation. The study used Pearson Correlation to establish the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variables. In order to establish the independent variables that affected the sales performance most, Regression Analysis was used. The study found out that market mavens and the brands reinforcement of smart shopping to the customers had positive effect on the brands sales performance.


As a result of wide and irrational antibiotics using the problem of AAC has become an issue. According to medical sources Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) is not registered and its clinical diagnostics is unsatisfactory. The purpose of the research is to study the pseudomembranous colitis incidence on autopsy material in a multi-type hospital and to give its clinical and morphological characteristics. Methods and materials: the medical records (autopsy protocols, patients' histories) of the deceased with pseudomembranous colitis diagnosed on autopsy for the period of 2008–2013 yy were analyzed. The macroscopic changes of small and large bowel (size and pseudomembrane location, lesion focus, other colonic wall variations) were assessed on autopsy. The stainings by hematoxylin-eozin, azur, PAS-reaction were used for histological diagnostics. The bacteriological testing was conducted in 2 cases. The results. The growing tendency of the pseudomembranous colitis frequency as well as its parts in the autopsy structures were revealed. Six cases of pseudomembranous colitis are detected on autopsy (0,28% of all performed autopsies in Irkutsk hospital №1) for 2008–2010 y.y. Twenty cases of pseudomembranous colitis were registered for 2011–2013 y.y., that was 1,52% in the autopsy structure. The risk factors of pseudomembranous colitis development, its clinical and morphological presentations were identified. Low lifetime diagnostics of this disease was remarked and its causes were analyzed. Conclusion. The problem of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with pseudomembranous colitis development is an issue because of the growing incidence of this disease and its unsatisfactory clinical diagnostics.


Abstract. An analytical model of optical gain is developed for three types of surface plasmon nano-oscillators: (i) a metal film with a gain medium nanostrip, (ii) a metal film, with nanohole, deposited on a layer of gain medium, and (iii) a nanoparticle coated with a gain medium. The operating frequency of the plasmon laser is close to surface plasmon resonance, hence the cavity size is strongly reduced. The evanescent field of the oscillator stimulates the electron–hole recombination in the gain medium, amplifying the cavity field. With electron–hole occupation probabilities in the relevant energy states in the gain medium just exceeding 50% each, the growth rate exceeds 1013  s−1. The excited cavity mode acts as an oscillatory dipole to emit optical radiation.


Innovation is imperative for the survival and outstanding of Chinese state-owned enterprises under the circumstances of imperfect-market economy. By analyzing and studying the internal and external dynamics of technological innovation in Chinese state-owned enterprises, it reveals market mechanism could not stimulate them to innovate effectively, and the impetus of technological innovation is mainly from the internal innovation entrepreneurship and innovation culture. Moreover, it establishes a technological innovation framework with innovation entrepreneurship and innovation culture, which is an effective way for large and medium-sized Chinese state-owned enterprises to achieve innovations. Furthermore, it takes advantage of Baosteel as a case study for the analysis and validation of the work.


A method for estimating spins of highly excited nuclear states based on their gamma decay branching ratios is examined for sd and fp shell nuclei. Measures of similarity between emitting states have been made and a number of nuclei examined. Clear spin selectivity is observed in the spectrum similarities for resonant proton capture states in fp shell nuclei. In sd shell nuclei, the selectivity is weaker. The method of multidimensional scaling has been used to study the effect of spin on similarity using a large number of states of known spin in two test nuclei, 19F and 59Cu. Spin assignments are proposed for several resonances in 59Cu. Monte Carlo simulations were used to study factors influencing similarities and scaling configurations.


intervention. Post surgery, '[t]he body must learn a new language' (96). Surface Tensions tells the stories of 'modern cyborgs', learning the new language of their bodies, making sense of themselves, their bodies and in some cases the particular assistive technologies that they are now interacting with on a daily basis. The 'modern cyborgs' who populate the pages of Surface Tensions are those who reject the wearing of prostheses and those who wear prostheses in innovative ways. These performances of identity are understood as a tactic of resistance, against the social illusion of a healthy society. The book weaves material from the creative arts, humanities and the biomedical and social science alongside the results of the qualitative interviews. For instance, an account is provided of the English artist Ju Gosling's art practice. Gosling adapted a body brace, which she had been advised to wear, integrating the brace into her ongoing performance art. She then worked with a costume designer drawing upon surf, cyberpunk and BDSM cultures to redesign the brace to further facilitate her art practice. The author deploys this example to argue that those who shape their own 'cyborg' subjectivities resist the hegemonic values of a society fixated on a normal body. Misgivings about the character and widespread use of the 'cyborg' and its derivatives in social and cultural theory aside, the descriptions of art practices such as this are the highlight of the book. Manderson sees the production of art as allowing people to find a voice and vocabulary to articulate the tensions they are dealing with when learning to understand the new boundaries of their body post surgery. This is undoubtedly a good book. It is theoretically sophisticated, written in engaged and lively prose. The diverse and lively array of sources that are deployed throughout certainly makes for an engaging read. Surface Tensions should be a welcome addition into the literature on the anthropology of medicine and cultural autobiographical narratives of the body. Whilst the book draws frequently on literature from the more cultural studies wing of disability studies, it is my perception that disability is more of an afterthought in the construction of the argument, which is otherwise primarily concerned with surgery, medicine and embodiment. I expect the book will be useful to writers within disability studies, and that it could become a frequent reference to theorists concerned with the body. I would therefore see this book as piece on the anthropology of the body or the anthropology of illness, which attempts to show a strong sensitivity to disability studies, rather than a study primarily concerned with the disabling society.


The initial stūpas of pre-ancient Nepal were erected using earthen mounds. However, the Pāli and Sanskrit Buddhist texts do not mention that stūpas have to be earthen mounds. Only the Pāli Jātaka story Sujāta mentions the presence of earthen mound stupa containing the relics of a deceased person. The earthen mound stūpas were initially made in the Indian sub-continent after Buddha's Mahāparinibbāna. There were ten preliminary stūpas that were erected containing the Buddha's relics, a vessel and ashes. One of them, Rāmagrāma stūpa, is still in existence in its original form. When Emperor Asoka converted to Buddhism, he erected 84,000 stūpas with small relics of the Buddha, extracting those relics from the seven original stūpas. Not only that, he also went on to enlarge the size of a few original stūpas using bricks in the construction process. Piprahavā stūpa of Kapilvastu, Nibbāna stūpas of Kanakamuni and Krakuchhanda, twin stūpas of Dhamnihavā were renovated by enclosing the earthen mound with bricks. The Bhishvā stūpa of Birgunj and three stūpas of Pātan and a stūpa of kothuvahī are still in existence in their original form. However, all these stūpas are enclosed by walls built in the later part of the centuries to preserve them. The Chārumatī stūpa and the Yampi stūpa were built in Vajrayāna tradition. However, in recent times the infrastructure developments in the cities have led to the use of modern materials like cement and white plaster and altering even the architectural styles of some of the stupas. The north-east section of Chārumatī stūpa and the Yampi stūpa have suffered this impact.


A model of optimal daily operation of single adjustable-blade pump unit in the large pumping station along Yangtze River is established with the consideration of tidal influence.The minimum cost of energy consumption of single pump unit is set as the objective function,the periods are defined as stage variables,the blade angle is expressed as a decision variable and the daily quantity of pumping water is considered as the constraint.With the case of No.4 Jiangdu Pumping Station,the influence of tidal changes of Yangtze River on the result of optimal operation of single pump unit is determined under the condition of different constraints of water quantity,average pumping heads and daily average amplitude of tidal ranges.The results show the effect of optimal operation of adjustable blades pump unit in the pumping station along Yangtze River is getting more obvious with the decrease of average pumping heads and increase of average tidal ranges.


Mapping the interaction between Rydberg excitations onto photons enables the realization of optical nonlinearities on the single-photon level. We present a single-photon transistor, where one gate photon controls the transmission of many source photons.


In comparative terms, constitutionalism should be based on the relationship between the citizenry and the government. The doctrines and practices of constitutionalism do govern the socio-political and economic relationship within a given nation with a particular distribution of state power settings. Many experts of constitutionalism argue that a high degree of consensus among the organs and institutions of governance can provide a more transparent system to avoid a power struggle. There is so much power struggle in most nations of the world sometimes due to bad constitutions and to a larger extent inept leadership to govern the affairs of any given nation is a major contributing factor to the many failed governance systems in the world today. A predictable and stable constitution process is an important yardstick to good governance and democracy.Constitutionalism is at the core of good governance and democracy in the world today as it can provide the necessary checks and balances on the use of excessive state power of the different organs of government. The protection of individual liberties and rights within the dictates of constitutionalism is fundamentally essential to developing countries where sometimes excessive abuse of state power is normally the order of the day. Often the rampant abuse of state power is done with impunity even when certain portions of constitution are very clear. Most of the developing countries fail to uphold the rule of law as guaranteed by the constitution in order to promote governance and democracy for a just and fair society because of greed for power. However, a notion of the constitutionalism forms a good practice of democracy and constitutional government which important to achieving development for all.


Abstract : Intermolecular forces govern many physical, chemical and biological processes. It is now possible to model such forces on computers using theoretical quantum mechanical methods developed by our group. Recent advances in computer hardware and software allow investigations of typical molecules found in explosives, propellants and solvents. The AASERT grant supported graduate students involved in this research. Their work helped to obtain state of the art potential energy hypersurfaces for various molecules relevant for the defense mission.


DEAR EDITOR, A skin biopsy of a 28-year-old woman with fever and a papular-petechial periflexural rash (Fig. a–c) showed superficial mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate (Fig. d). An immunohistochemical study of parvovirus (PV)B19 VP2 (Fig. e) detected viral protein within the cytoplasm of dermal endothelial cells. IgM antibodies to PVB19 were identified in serum. She recovered from mild pancytopenia without incident. The rash that accompanies PVB19 primary infection is attributed to an immunological reaction, but because endothelial cells contain the virus receptor (globoside or P antigen), this could well be the mechanism of entrance (possibly through antibodymediated enhancement, which is common in other viruses including Ebola, HIV-1 and dengue viruses).


The authors examined whether 2 nondeclarative tasks, simple eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC) and rotary pursuit (RP), would interfere with each other when performed simultaneously. In Experiment 1,100 participants were assigned to 1 of 5 groups: paired EBCC/RP, unpaired EBCC/RP, paired EBCC as a single task, unpaired EBCC as a single task, and RP as a single task. Participants in the paired EBCC/RP group showed significantly greater acquisition of conditioned responses than did participants in the unpaired EBCC/RP group, and the unconditioned eyeblink response was similar in both groups. Comparisons of the paired EBCC/RP and paired EBCC-as-a-single-task groups indicated no differences in trials to criterion, but on some measures the single-task group conditioned better. Controls introduced in Experiment 2 did not change this pattern. Results provide some evidence for the lack of interference between EBCC and RP.


The D limonene is considered as a substitute of various toxic and harmful products to humans and the environment. For this reason it has a significant market acceptance. (Quiminet, 2012) This product is currently used for the production of hand degreasers, cleaning chemicals, etc. In Ecuador are 250 companies dedicated to the production of chemicals, 79 of these companies are in Pichincha. Most companies produce products based on D'limonene but only a Company dedicated to the distribution of the raw material, they imported this product from countries like Mexico and the United States and the price is raised because the import costs, it is only sold in one type of package. The business idea is to provide feedstock product to potential customers and they can perform the range of processed products they do and sell them in the market. For this reason I decided to do this project, because I believe that the potential to develop this product in this country is possible, its a financially profitable project and finally bring a positive social aspect in terms of employment and environmental care with a biodegradable product


To determine the role of putrescine synthesis in adaptive hyperplasia of the ileum and colon, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the enzyme controlling putrescine biosynthesis, was fed to rats after excision of the proximal half of the small bowel. A rise in ODC activity (280% in the proximal ileum, 62% in the proximal colon) and a rise in putrescine content (220% in the proximal ileum, 250% in the proximal colon) normally accompanied characteristic cytochemical adaptive increases in the ileum and colon at day 6. Inclusion of 1% DFMO (2.1 gm/kg/day) in drinking water for 12 hours before operation and for 14 days thereafter decreased ODC activity by 85% to 96%, reduced levels of putrescine and spermidine and measurements of the adaptive response by 50% in the ileum, and abolished the adaptive response in the colon. During the first 10 days of DFMO feeding, villous atrophy and other hypoplastic changes occurred in control rats, but by 14 days of DFMO feeding atrophy and hypoplasia were no longer present. Although DFMO inhibits adaptive hyperplasia occurring in the ileum and colon of rats after resection of the proximal half of the small bowel, spontaneous recovery of villous atrophy occurs during further DFMO feeding and may protect the host during chemotherapy.


Real-time motion tracking and compensation in surgeries has been investigated by various researchers using different methods. We look at the problem from control point of view and try to solve it using a simple mechanical prototype of the treatment couch and an electronic circuitry to feed the signal from the sensor to correct for the random movements of the tumor. Our physical model shows stable response under the given conditions. We also present a simple mathematical model of the lung-tumor system needed to guide the control system at intermediate points. The project was developed as an undergraduate design project.


The conductivity ratio of diluted and concentrated standard seawater has been measured very accurately in a salinity range from 0 to 42\permil and at temperature from -1 to 30\deg C. All the data have been fitted into polynomials which are compared with previous data. The specific conductance of seawater is deduced and a polynomial for the full range of salinity and temperature is proposed. Data presented in this paper have been used, with those of Dauphinee presented in this issue, to elaborate the new "Practical Salinity Scale 1978."


With the reform and opening-up process,foundations emerged in China and are gradually rising in social life.They not only play an active role in social development and transformation of government functions but also bring new problems of social administration.This paper tries to sort out the historical background and development stages of US' foundations and analyze foundations' influence on modern social development so as to provide for standardizing the development of China's foundations and dealing correctly with the relation with foreign foundations.


Calculations of certain atomic quantities were carried out, using our accurate analytical self-consistent-field (SCF) wave functions for the ground and excited states. The total weighted electric dipole oscillator strength for certain optical multiplets of Al, Cr3+, Cr, and Mn3+, and Fe3+, was calculated with the determinantal wave functions, while comparing various approximations. Orientational calculations of the electric quadrupole multiplet strength were carried out for some transitions in Cr3+, Cr, and Fe3+. Our SCF wave functions were also used for the calculation of the estimates of the electronic density at the nucleus, considered in the Mossbauer isomer shift studies.


Objective To explore the clinical characters of elderly patients with tuberculous pleurisy.Methods Retrospective analysis was used on the Clinical characters,laboratory examination.Results of tuberculous pleurisy in 123 patients in Beijing Geriatric Hospital,In that 60 patients are elder,63 patients are young.Result The clinical symptom of elder patients with tuberculous pleurisy such as wasting、night sweat、hypodynamia、bad appetite are less than cough、expectoration、apena、chest pain;The complication with lung pathology are more;Laboratory and supplementary examination are undistinctive;The intense postive cases of PPD is lower;Blood pleural fluid is more;The cure rate cases are lower,The rate of pleural thicken and embracing pleural fluid are more.The rate of adverse drug reactions are more.Conclusion A better results of treatment can be achieved by mastering the characteristics of tuberculous pleurisy,comprehensive analysis,early diagnosis and regular therapy.


The influence of ion‐irradiation damage on the electrical properties of Hg0.79Cd0.21Te has been investigated. A large damage‐induced n‐type conductivity with sheet carrier concentration up to approximately 1014 cm−2 and sheet resistance up to 10 Ω/square at 77 K was found for doses of 1×1015 ions/cm2 at 150 keV. The observed n‐type conductivity is produced by various implanted ions regardless of whether they are donors or acceptors. The implanted n‐type layer maintains its properties when subjected to temperatures as high as 120 °C. The damage is slightly annealed for this moderate treatment: the conductivity increases slightly, the sheet electron concentration decreases, and the effective mobility increases. The results also show that the implanted layer can be utilized for surface passivation of n‐type photoconductors and for making Ohmic contacts to n‐type material.


The Junior Doctors Committee of the BMA is set to elect a new chair.

The committee will meet on Saturday 24 …


Riikka Pelo's interactive installation Marina's Garden is presented in this article as an example of a practice-based research case focusing on narrative, poetic and dramatic aspects of interactive scriptwriting. Marina's Garden is a multilayered narrative space following an associative poetic structure representing the inner landscape of an emigrant poet, Marina. The garden of memories also challenges the participant viewer to become a subject of dreaming, remembering and responsibility in an intimate relationship with the poet. Emmanuel Levinas's philosophy of dialogue, Sigmund Freud's early psychoanalytic metaphors of mind and Friedrich Hölderlin's notions of the concept 'caesura' are presented in this short artist's point-of-view as the conceptual tools creating the conditions for the narrative experience.


An explicit solution is provided for the scattering of flexural and membrane-coupled gravity waves in deep water against a complete vertical porous barrier by employing certain mode-coupling relations. The floating structure is considered to be attached with the vertical porous barrier in three different ways, giving rise to edge conditions: (i) free edge, (ii) simply supported edge, (iii) clamped or built-in edge in the case of a floating ice-sheet and to fixed or clamped edge condition in the case of a floating membrane. The effect of the porous barrier on these structure-coupled gravity waves is discussed numerically by plotting reflection coefficient against a wave parameter. Also, important physical quantities such as strain in the ice-sheet, shear force in the ice-sheet and ice-sheet deflections are computed and plotted against relevant parameters. The effect of compressive force on flexural gravity wave scattering is also included in the numerical study.


Chalcones are useful intermediates in organic synthesis and exhibit a large number of different biological activities. Chalcones have been synthesized in high yields by Claisen–Schmidt condensation...


The dominant bounce frequency of a metal particle has been proposed as a means of studying its motion. Measurements of the acoustic emission due to the particle motion in a SF/sub 6/ gas-insulated system are reported. Analysis of the data shows that there are two types of particles. For one type the bounce frequency increased with increasing voltage, whereas for the other type it decreases. Aluminium particles yield higher acoustic amplitudes than copper particles, and there is a relationship between the maximum amplitude and the mass of the particle.<<ETX>>


The article deals with the main problems of teaching ESP vocabulary by means of information technology. The definition of the term "lexical competence" has been given in the article. The process of lexical competence development has its own characteristics which have been discussed in the paper. Particular attention has been given to the term "professionally oriented lexical competence" which is an integral part of a foreign language teaching process to the future specialists of different fields. Information technology plays important role in teaching new vocabulary. It allows teachers to optimize and make learning new vocabulary partially automatic. The use of information technology ensures that a student is actively involved in learning new material and acquires new knowledge and skills. The principles of information technology use in teaching ESP are heavily emphasized in the article. Among them are integrative, personalized and interactive learning principles as well as the principle of lexical guidelines and computerized testing of the gained lexical knowledge and skills.


The US has operated nuclear fuels reprocessing plants at Hanford, Idaho Falls, and Savannah River in its definse programs and at West Valley in its commercial program. Other commercial plants have been proposed and some constructed but not operated. The liquid high-level wastes at Hanford and Savannah River have, for nearly 40 years, been conditioned for storage by adding NaOH, a process which precipitates most of the radionuclides except Cs in an insoluble sludge. Mechanical separation of this sludge coupled with decontamination of the supernate by ion exchange and/or precipitation gives a waste concentrate for immobilization. The Defense Waste Processing Facility at Savannah River is under construction to immobilize this concentrate in borosilicate glass. Idaho is just placing a new calciner in operation to treat their acid wastes directly. Techniques have also been developed to remove Cs, Sr, and noble metals from the liquid wastes for defense purposes and commercial uses. Except at West Valley, the US technique to date has been to dissolve the fuel clad rather than shear-leach it. However, because shear-leach is the expected future process, the US has also developed techniques both for immobilizing leached clad in concrete and for decontaminating it by melting. As regardmore » to gaseous waste, the current US reprocessing plants treat their off-gas mainly to remove iodine and particulates. Idaho also has a small facility for recovery of /sup 85/Kr for beneficial use. By US Environmental Protection Agency rules on the nuclear fuel cycle, it may be necessary to remove T, /sup 14/C, and Kr if a large commercial reprocessing industry matures. Oak Ridge has developed a voloxidation process as a first step in such removal. Finally, the US has the decontamination, assay, sorting, incineration and burial technologies and facilities for treating the low-level liquid and solid wastes from reprocessing.« less


The CADE ATP System Competition (CASC) is an annual evaluation of fully automatic, first order Automated Theorem Proving systems. CASC-J3 was the eleventh competition in the CASC series. Twenty ATP systems and system variants competed in the various competition and demonstration divisions. An outline of the competition design, and a commentated summary of the results, are presented.


A newly recovered inscription of Maništūšu records the building of a temple of Ninhursaa at a city whose name is written HA.A KI. The text is inscribed on a stone door-socket (now in private hands) found in situ and excavated, probably in the 1930s, at Kharā'ib Ghḍairīfe. Ghḍairīfe is a large mound on the right bank of the 'Aḍaim close to its confluence with the Tigris. There are several other tells in the immediate vicinity, such as Tell al-Dhuhūbe and Tell 'Uṣaimī, and it is likely that together these form the remains of one ancient site. The locations can be identified in the Atlas of the archaeological sites in Iraq, map 21: sites nos. 2 Kharā'ib Ghḍairīfe 3 Tell al-Dhuhūbe 4 Tell 'Uṣaimī A nineteenth-century map of the Turkish Empire marks 'ruin' at exactly this spot. Information about the sites in the immediate vicinity is currently limited to the details recorded in Archaeological sites in Iraq, pp. 76f., which gives all of them as Islamic in date, with the exception of site 1, Tell Abū Ḫalīj (Hassuna and Isin-Larsa/Old Babylonian), and site 9, Khirbet Shahāb al-Aḫmad (Neo-Babylonian). However, there are indications of earlier periods at Ghḍairīfe also, especially Akkadian ceramic remains and small metal figurines. Also found there were several silver Islamic coins, including an Umayyad coin dated 16 A.H.


Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has become a major research topic in medical imaging, and one of the most important CAD applications is the detection of lung nodules. The paper is to develop a CAD system for automatically detecting lung nodules in computed tomography (CT) images. The system includes three parts: pulmonary parenchyma segmentation, ROI extraction, and nodule prediction of ROI based on ADE-Co-Forest. At the beginning, we proposed the new pulmonary parenchyma segmentation method; In the stage of ROI extraction, circle shape descriptor is exploited to reduce the false positives; Although the samples can be easily collected from routine medical examinations, it is usually impossible for medical experts to make a diagnosis for each of the collected samples. So we use the semi-supervised learning method ADE-Co-Forest to predict the nodules. Thus, in the predicting stage, we can use a few of labeled samples and a lot of unlabeled samples to learn a well-performed classifier. The experimental results demonstrate that the CAD system gets high sensitivity and low false-positive.


India's industrial protection and promotion policies for small-scale enterprises have figured prominently in the literature on industrialization policies in developing countries. These size dependent tax incentives could encourage fragmentation of production and prevent natural up-scaling of firm sizes. The author presents a new empirical application of the idea of threshold burden of tax incentives in India. The study is based on a large unbalanced panel of manufacturing factories in the formal sector spanning the period 1999-2008 and a panel of manufacturing companies covering the period 1990-2010. Average subcontracting intensity was found to be significantly higher in manufacturing factories and firms with sales turnover below the ceiling level set by the tax rules. Econometric tests based on Fixed Effect models supported the hypothesis that firms take advantage of tax incentives by staying below the threshold sales turnover. This is consistent with the idea of threshold effects of size dependent tax incentives.


A popular online doctor rating site misinterpreted my limited license as a licensing board censure. As a result, the rating site "red-flagged" me. Here's how I was able to finally set the record straight and clear my name.


This paper describes the accuracy of FEM analysis for the estimation of local strain at the notch root in creep-fatigue conditions, comparing the local strain calculated by FEM with the measured strain using high temperature strain gages. The specimens are commercial pure aluminum notched plates with both side grooves whose elastic stress concentration factors are 0.5 and 2.0. The test was made at 473 K in air. The following results are obtained. In no-hold time fatigue tents, FEM analysis accurately estimates the local strains at the notch root. In no-hold time fatigue tents, FEM analysis accurately estimates the local strains at the notch root. In the hold time test, on the other hand, FEM analysis estimates a smaller strain range compared with the actual strain range occurring at the notch root. The reason for the disagreement between FEM analysis and the actual strain results from the change in material response due to creep loading. In the creep-fatigue condition, so-called plastic-creep interaction, the FEM analysis does not take account of, occurs. The local strain calculated from conventional methods, Neuber's rule, Stowell-Hardrath-Ohman, Koe's methods are also compared with the strain measurement for no-hold time tents. All the methods overestimate the strain concentration at the notch root.


The Ozer Tukmens are Turkmen who are members of Bozok and Ucok Oguz clans that have been immigrated to Anatolia since the eleventh century. The Turkmen group who have maintained the migratory life style have been settled in Iskenderun, Payas, Dortyol and Arsuz zones. After the zone has being taken over by Ottomans, the Uzeyr principality has been founded bared on The Ozer Turkmen and the clan came from the Ozer family have been appointed as flagmen The Ozer Turkmen consist of Aleaddinlu, Cogun, Ordu-yi Ahmed Bey, Mikayillu and independet communities have some similar in the aspect of financial and clan structure to Turkmen groups in which Cukurova, Tarsus and Haleb.


A definition of the effective stress emerges naturally from mixture theory for a fluid saturated porous solid. The effective stress definition suggested by the mixture theory arises before any particular behavior for the matrix has been stipulated. In contrast, many definitions in common usage are tied to specific constitutive models and are thus extraneous to the theory of stress. This difference is illustrated by specializing the mixture theory to the case of a linear elastic solid matrix, for which the well-established consolidation, or poroelasticity, theory of Biot is recovered exactly.


Abstract : Between 1978 and 1980 The Aircraft Research and Development Unit (ARDU) and ARL carried out a series of flight trials in order to determine typical load histories for a CT4 Airtrainer. These supplied representative flight data which provided the basis of load sequences used in the full scale fatigue test. This report describes the parameters measured and lists the transcripts of the pilots voice records.


The conversion (dehydration/dehydrogenation) of alcohols in {alpha}-methylated series (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and tert-butanol) on AlPO{sub 4} catalysts differently prepared has been studied by microcatalytic pulse reactor technique at different temperatures and flow rates. The kinetic parameters have been obtained by analysis of the data through the Bassett-Habgood equation. Dehydration to ether and/or olefin is the major reaction process. Dehydrogenation product was only scarcely found in 2-propanol conversion. The influence of the reaction temperature upon the conversion of alcohols and the selectivities of the products was investigated. Activity increases as a function of surface acidity of the AlPO{sub 4} catalyst as well as with the {alpha}-substitution in the alcohol. Moreover, selectivity studies indicated that ethanol and 2-propanol dehydration follows a combination pathway of parallel and consecutive reactions. A good correlation between the results of dehydration conversion and acid properties, gas-chromatographically measured through the irreversible adsorption of pyridine (473 and 573 K) and 2,6-dimethylpyridine (573 K), is observed. Also, activity poisoning results indicated that Broensted acid sites of AlPO{sub 4} catalyst participated in dehydradation processes, thus strengthening the carbenium ion reaction pathway in AlPO{sub 4} catalysts. 49 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs.


Based on the chiral perturbation theory and vector meson dominant model,we developed a Monte Carlo event generator for η→γπ+π-decay. The Monte Carlo simulation shows that the angular distributions of the final states are consistent with the theoretical predictions and the energy distribution of the photon is in good agreement with experimental data,which indicates that this event generator could describe the decay of η→γπ+π-very well. Comparing to the generator of phase space events,the significant improvement on the consistency between data and Monte Carlo simulation further proves the correctness of this generator,which is very useful to the study of eta decays at BESⅢ experiment in the near future.


This paper describes innovation from the viewpoint of biologic evolution, a complex adaptive system. First, three characteristics of complex adaptive systems - variation, interaction and selection - are explained. Second, we propose that variation in R&D activities is brought about by innovation seeds, which can be subdivided into reproduction and mutation types. Third, taking into account the concept of an innovation seed, we propose our innovation creation process model. Finally, our proposed concept is validated through case studies of (i) a mass analyser business by Shimadzu and (ii) a carbon nanotube business by NEC. Copyright 2004 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd


In India, today, we are witness to the quiet rise of the figure of Mahar Sidnak, iconized and lionized as a warrior of the oppressed from the early nineteenth century. This is electrifying the anticaste struggle and energizing the militant youth, a source of inspiration as historical as it is mythical. Are material issues, or "real struggle," really so opposed to the question of the "mythical past"?


The teaching English vocabulary in Elementary School was different from teaching in Junior High School or Senior High School. The teacher needs some audiovisual and visual aids to catch the students' attention. This study is aimed at describing the procedures of teaching vocabulary using audiovisual aids, its result to the students and for explaining the advantages and disadvantages of teaching English using audiovisual aids. The teaching learning process was conducted by using Classroom Action Research (CAR). The result of teaching English vocabulary using audiovisual aids for the first grade students of SDN 2 Sawahan improved. The entire student showed with their participation in learning English, their score was also better and the class became happy and fun. The advantages of teaching English using audiovisual aids are: 1) the teacher could control the classroom situation easily; 2) the teacher could teach the students easily; 3) the students could be interested in learning English; 4) the students could know how to spell the words correctly; 5) the teaching-learning process became funny and happy, and 6) the students became active. The disadvantages of teaching English vocabulary using audiovisual aids are: 1) the teacher took more time to prepare the projector; 2) the teacher could not teach using audiovisual everyday; 3) the teaching-leaning process could not run well if the electrical power went down, and 4) the teaching-learning could not run well if the teacher didn't understand how to use the audiovisual aids.


The electrical properties of thin films obtained by deposition in vacuum of the pair of PbTe on the substrates of polyamide tape and PbTe:Bi on fresh cleavages of (0001) mica-muscovite under different processing conditions, as well as at their subsequent exposure to air, were studied. The high temporal stability of the films on air was revealed.


In this paper, we analyzed Daoist icons depicted in the murals of Koguryo s old tombs. The conculusion is as follows; First, the Koguryo' s old tombs represent strong Daoist elements in its architectual ways as well as contents of the murals. Second, we can ascertain some contents of Koguryo s Daoism has influenced to the Korean culture in tile later periods. For example, worship of Seven stars (七星) Third, tile murals of Koguryo s old tombs show us tile coexistence of my til and Daoism, or appropriating myth by Daoism. Furthermore we need to study on outer elixir(外丹) of Koguryo's Daoism, the relation with Shangqing Daoism(上淸波). We can say Koguryo's Daoism bas abundant materials to wait interpretation.


The selectivity of tea aphid on fourteen tea cultivars was elevated,and the relationship between Tea Leaf Structure and selectivity of tea aphids on tea germplasms was analyzed.Our results showed that:① Aphid shoot rate(%),aphid number ratio,aphid sentiment index are feasible to measure the selectivity of tea aphid on different cultivars.② Aphid shoot rate(%),aphid number ratio,aphid sentiment index have a strong positive correlation with the stoma density while negative with the thickness of subepidermis,the thickness of cuticular layer on subepidermis,the thickness of palisade tissue of tea leaf,and no significant correlation with the pubescence length and density,the leaf thickness,the thickness of spongy tissue of tea leaf.③ The stoma density,the thickness of subepidermis,the thickness of the cuticular layer on subepidermis,the thickness of palisade tissue is significant factors on the selectivity of tea aphids on tea germplasms.


This study determined the influence of pupils' trait emotional intelligence and life satisfaction on the academic achievement in the new normal of Grade six pupils in San Ildefonso South District, San Ildefonso, Bulacan during the School Year 2021-2022. With explanatory sequential method as research design and 297 pupils as respondents of the study, findings showed that the public elementary school pupils' trait emotional intelligence in terms of well-being, self-control, and emotionality was described as "above average." On the other hand, their trait emotional intelligence in terms of sociability was described as "average." Meanwhile, the public elementary school pupils strongly agreed that they are satisfied with their family. On the other hand, these respondents agreed that they are satisfied with their friends, self, school and living environment. The academic achievement of the public elementary school pupils was described as "very satisfactory." Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: There is a significant relationship between the public elementary school pupils' trait emotional intelligence in terms of well-being and their academic achievement. There is a significant relationship between the public elementary school pupils' life satisfaction and their academic achievement in the new normal.


PURPOSE: To provide a spreading code for optimizing the performance of a rake receiver under the existence of multi-user interference and inter-code interference. CONSTITUTION: The method for constructing a spreading code related to a user of a direct sequence code division multiple access digital transmission system is provided. The method includes at least one step for connecting plural different subcodes 4, i.e., at least two reference subcodes 1, especially circularly different, and belonging to the same reference subcode sequence and at least one secondary subcode 2 obtained by the circular substitution of the reference subcodes 1.


This article examines the goals and consequences of an educational reform introduced in all Japanese schools beginning in 2002. The Integrated Studies (IS) programme was designed to increase teacher autonomy and to augment student interest in learning. The reform has the potential to alter significantly the way education is organised and delivered in Japan, yet outside the country very little is known about it. This preliminary study of IS provides valuable insights into the effects of the programme at the local level, teachers' views about educational reform, and the Ministry of Education's ability to facilitate change in the schools.


Disclosed is a positive electrode containing a sulfur-based positive electrode active substance and capable of increasing discharge rate characteristics and the cycle characteristics of lithium ion secondary batteries. The positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries contains a sulfur-based positive electrode active substance which contains carbon (C) and sulfur (S), and a conductive material which contains sulfur (S), wherein at least one part of said conductive material is a sulfide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the fourth-period metals, fifth-period metals, sixth-period metals, and rare earth elements.