The velocitics of both fragments from the spontaneous fission of Cf/sup 252/ were measured by the time-of-flight method. The pulse-height spectrum produced by the prompt gamma rays in a large NaI(Tl) crystal was recorded simultaneously with the velocity data. The average total kinetic energy of the fragments before neutron emission was found to be 181.9 plus or minus 5 Mev. The full width at half maximum of the kinetic-energy distributions decreases from 22 Mev near symmetric fission to 17 Mev at the most probable mass ratio of 1.33 then increases to 20 Mev for the more asymmetric modes. The widths of the kinetic-energy distributions were corrected for neutron recoil and tae average total kinetic energy for the effect of the angular dispersion of the fragments by the prompt neutrons. The corrected width of the kinetic-energy distribution at the most probable mass ratio (17 Mev) is in agreement with the corresponding fluctuation in fragment excitation energy that is required to explain the known prompt-neutronnumber distribution. The yield of gamma rays shows a pronounced dip in the region where the mass of one of the fragments is close to that of the doubly-magic nucleus /sub 50/Sn/sup 132/. There is some evidence thatmore » the average gamma-ray energy is higher in this region. A similar but less pronounced trend is indicated in the region where the light fragment is near the 50-neutron shell. The influence of the /sub 50/Sn/sup 132/ core is also seen in the kinetic- energy distribution. (auth)« less


Person re-identification (Re-ID) is an essential task in computer vision, which aims to match a person of interest across multiple non-overlapping camera views. It is a fundamental challenging task because of the conflicts between large variations of samples and the limited scale of training sets. Data augmentation method based on generative adversarial network (GAN) is an efficient way to relieve this dilemma. However, existing methods do not consider how to keep identity information and filter the noise of the generated auxiliary samples during Re-ID training. In this paper, we propose object quality guided feature fusion network for person re-identification, which consists of a self-supervised object quality estimation module and a feature fusion module. Specifically, the former evaluates the quality of the auxiliary data to filter the noise and the disturbing features, while the later accomplishes the feature fusion based on object quality estimation in the collection-to-collection recognition manner to make full use of auxiliary data. Extensive performance analysis and experiments are conducted on two benchmark datasets (Market-1501 and DukeMTMC-reID) to show that our proposed approach outperforms or shows comparable results to the existing best performed methods.


Aluminum dross results from the re-melting of used aluminum cans, and is a valuable resource containing alumina. In general, aluminum dross contains oxides of Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Si and Ti and some salts. As a continuation of the previous work to recover pure alumina from the dross, the effect of employing ultrasound wave in the NaOH solution was investigated to improve the leaching percentage of alumina from the mechanically activated dross. The use of ultrasound improved the leaching percentage of alumina from 35% to 60% and resulted in a leaching solution where the purity of aluminate ion was 99%. Among the optimum conditions (5 M NaOH, 50 C, 4 h, pulp density of 100 g/L and ultrasonic power 100 W), leaching time had a remarkable effect on the dissolution of alumina in the presence of ultrasound. The combined effect of ultrasound and the addition of CaCl2 and organic acids to the NaOH solution was also investigated. Roasting of the black dross with CaCl2 followed by ultrasound leaching did not improve the leaching percentage of alumina. The presence of organic acids in the NaOH solution increased the leaching percentage of alumina as well as silica, and thus was not favorable for recovering pure aluminate solution from the black dross. (Received December 4, 2018; Accepted January 18, 2019)


The nuclear envelope segregates the genome of eukaryota from the cytoplasm. Within nucleus chromatin is further compartmentalized into architectures that change throughout lifetime of the cell. Epigenetic patterns along the chromatin polymer strongly correlate with chromatin compartmentalization and, accordingly, also change during cell life cycle and at differentiation. Recently, it has been suggested that sub-nuclear chromatin compartmentalization might result from a process of liquidliquid phase separation orchestrated by the epigenetic marking and operated by proteins that bind to chromatin. Here, we translate these observations into a diffuse interface model of chromatin, which we named Mesoscale Liquid mOdel of Nucleus (MELON). Using this streamlined continuum model of the genome, we study the large-scale rearrangements of chromatin that happen at different stages of the growth and senescence of the cell, and during nuclear inversion events. Particularly, we investigate the role of droplet diffusion, fluctuations, and heterochromatin-lamina interactions during nuclear remodeling. Our results indicate that the physical process of liquidliquid phase separation, together with surface effects is sufficient to recapitulate much of the large-scale morphology and dynamics of chromatin along the life cycle of cells. Chromatin| Eukaryotic Nucleus | Meso-scale modeling | phase separation | Correspondence: email@example.com Introduction Functional compartmentalization is a ubiquitous hallmark of life; by segregating bio-molecules and their interactions cells achieve specialization and improved efficiency of many of their functions (1, 2). In eukaryotic cells, the genetic material is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear membrane within the few cubic micrometers of nuclear space. Within the nuclear boundary, we find further compartmentalization which, however, exists in the absence of membranes (3). The structural organization of chromosomes changes with the cell type and phase of life, chromosomal loci have been observed to move across genomic compartments during cell differentiation. As a consequence, chromatin compartmentalization is believed to play a role in gene regulation and in the definition of cellular phenotypes (4, 5). The first evidence of chromatin sub-nuclear organization in interphase was the discovery of the nucleolus in the early nineteenth century, followed by the discovery of regions in the nucleus with distinct optical properties, which were named heterochromatin and euchromatin (6). Heterochromatin appears dense and slow diffusing, containing regions of chromosomes corresponding to mostly silenced genes. Euchromatin, on the other hand, appear less dense and more mobile, composed of mostly active genes (7, 8). The latest electron microscopy tomography experiments have confirmed the DNA density variations between heterochromatic and euchromatic regions without, however, finding any structural difference between the two types of chromatin (9). Clear evidence of hierarchical compartmentalization in chromatin at multiple scales have emerged through studies employing DNA-DNA proximity ligation assays. First, two genomic compartments were observed (3), named A and B which were then refined through higher resolution experiments to reveal the existence of even smaller subcompartments (5). The A and B compartments appear to be enriched in epigenetic markings correlating with transcriptional activation and silencing respectively. Several studies have suggested that chromatin compartmentalization might results from a process of liquid-liquid phase separation orchestrated by the epigenetic marking and operated by proteins that bind along the DNA polymer (10–15). Chromatin compartmentalization is also consistent with recent experiments that have revealed the remarkable ability of intrinsically disordered proteins to phase separate and form liquid-like protein-rich droplets (16–19). Akin to oil droplets in a well shaken bottle of vinaigrette the protein rich droplets can appear and disappear according to external triggers, can divide and undergo fusion forming larger droplets (20–22). Most importantly, in the latest series of experiments, members of the family of HP1 proteins (Heterochromatin protein 1) known for regulation of heterochromatin content in the nucleus have been shown to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation both in vivo and in vitro under variety of conditions (23, 24). Consequently, protein-induced phase separation of chromosomal domains might constitute a direct physical mechanism for regulating genetic processes in space and time in the nucleus (16, 25). Henriques et al. | bioRχiv | May 10, 2019 | 1–8 DR AF T The global architecture of chromosomes appears indeed to be determined by the interplay between chromatin phase separation and motor activity (10–12, 26, 27). Besides chromatin compartmentalization, the other prominent feature of genome three-dimensional architecture, the topologically associated domains (TADs), also appear to arise through either or both the processes of phase separation and DNA extrusion (28). Theoretical models based on polymer dynamics have been successfully used to connect one-dimesional epigenetic information to the three-dimensional architecture of the genome. Indeed, it is possible to predict the structural ensembles of human chromosomes with high accuracy based exclusively on information extracted from chromatin immuno-precipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) (11). The same theoretical framework, composed exclusively of polymer connectivity, motor activity and micro-phase separation was shown to successfully explains a wide range of experimental observations about the dynamics of chromosomal loci (12). The subdiffusive behavior of chromatin together with the heterogeneity of the individual diffusing trajectories (29), the viscoelasticity of the nuclear environment (30) , and the coherent motion of DNA observed by correlation spectroscopy (31) were all naturally predicted through theoretical and computational modelling. Here we set out to investigate the specific contribution of liquid-liquid phase separation to genome architecture and separate its effects from those of polymer connectivity and motor activity. To gain insights into the roles of phase separation and surface effects in chromatin compartmentalization, we introduce the MEsoscale Liquid mOdel of Nucleus (MELON), a physical model of nuclear organization which is rooted in the theory of complex fluids. We use diffuse interface finite element simulations to model the evolution of nuclear chromatin compartments under various developmental processes including growth and inversion/senescence. Our approach draws inspiration and integrates elements of several mesoscopic cellular models such as the two-fluid hydrodynamic model of chromatin (32), the multi-cellular growth model (33, 34), the polymer models with epigenetic coloring already mentioned and active cellular mechanics (35–37). We apply MELON framework for modeling liquid-liquid phase separation driven reorganization of chromatin compartments in Drosophila melanogaster nucleus under wide variety of conditions including both equilibrium and nonequilibrium nuclear remodeling. The generic nature of the MELON model and the minimal assumptions that we have built into it, however, allow us to draw conclusion on the physical nature of chromatin reorganization which should be generally applicable for wide variety of eukaryotic nuclei beyond the specific case of Drosophila. The meso-scale liquid model of the nucleus (MELON) In this section, we present the basic physics and motivating biology behind the MEsoscale Liquid mOdel of Nucleus (MELON). More details about the mathematical formulation and computational implementation of MELON can be found in the Supporting Information. The MELON is set up to model the micron scale liquid dynamics and epigenetically orchestrated liquid-liquid phase separation of chromatin compartments in the nucleus. To this end, we construct the global free energy functional based on essential physical features: phase separation, surface tension, volume constraints and specific interaction of chromatin types. The nuclear chromatin morphology is defined through fluctuating order parameters which resolve (i) Nuclear membrane φ0(r, t) (ii) Global i = 1, ...,N chromosome territories φi(r, t) and (iii) Epigenetic states of chromatin ψ(r, t) which smoothly varies from 0 to 1 corresponding to A and B chromatin types respectively (Fig 1). The time evolution of all the order parameters is governed by a global free energy functional. The specific forms of the free energy functional terms are motivated either by basic experimental facts about the chromosomal organization (existence of territories and types) or polymeric physics of chromosomes (excluded volume, de-mixing of types). The mesoscale resolution of chromatin naturally addresses the questions of epigenetically driven liquid-liquid phase separation, surface effects of chromatin compartment formation as well as diffusion and fluctuations of chromocenters and liquid chromatin droplets within the nucleus.


A new approach for real time digital feedback control of PWM inverter is proposed, in which a quasi multi-rate deadbeat control combined with variable sampling method using FPGA based hardware controller. It was reported that the deadbeat control method with FPGA based hardware controller had the very good transient response for various loads, but these reports were mainly focused on a few KW class PWM inverter system, so the high carrier frequency were adopted. But in MW class PWM inverter system, the carrier frequency is limited up to 2 kHz range, because of the performance of the switching devices and the trade off against the efficiency of the inverter. In this condition, the controllability of the PWM inverter is not so much expected. In the proposed method, to ensure the tracking accuracy of the output voltage to the reference voltage, more than two sampled data is used while one carrier interval. The control characteristics of the proposed variable sampling deadbeat control is verified through simulations and experiments.


Through the lens of the communication theory of identity (e.g., Hecht, Collier, & Ribeau, 1993), this study examines how immigrants living in the United States negotiate multiple dimensions of their identities. A thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 17 immigrants from 16 countries explores what identity gaps exist for immigrants in the contemporary United States. Findings suggest that several identity gaps permeate immigrants' lived experience, including personal-enacted, personal-relational, enacted-relational, communal-relational, personal-communal, and enacted-communal gaps. Specific attention is paid to how these gaps are expressed differently by different immigrants.


Abstract Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by erosion of joints and surrounding tissues. RA not only causes the decline of patients' physical function and quality of life, but also brings huge economic burden to patients' families and society. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) is commonly used in treating RA in China. At present, there are many clinical reports about this medicine, but these reports have their own flaws. Therefore, there is an urgent need for systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing clinical evidence. Methods and analysis: Literature search will be carried out in 6 databases, and the literatures will be screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The clinical effective rate will be taken as primary outcome. Serum rheumatoid factor, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Western Ontario and McMaster before and after treatment and adverse effects will be secondary outcomes. The heterogeneity of the study will be examined by χ2 and I2 test. To identify the source of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis will be carried out. The sensitivity test will be conducted investigate the stability of results. Funnel plot and Egger test will be used to evaluate publication bias. Finally, the quality of evidence will be summarized. Results: The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions: This study will systematically evaluate the efficacy of TGP in the treatment of RA. The results of this study can better guide clinical practice. OSF registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/85QVF.


Sometimes, melodrama is necessary. At these times, dialogue sounds like a bad made-for-TV movie, like something you've heard before while watching actors play a role: hackneyed, yes, and clich-filled, certainly. From This isn't a minor problem, sir, this is life or death. Without treatment, you will die. (Did I really say that?) Mr. B. was a 62-year-old African American, with a history of hypertension and diabetes. According to the triage note, he presented to the emergency department because his feet hurt, and he thought he was having an attack of gout. We physicians are sometimes an unsuspecting lot. We pick up charts with rather benign complaints, only to fall into a vortex of trouble. As it turned out, Mr. B.'s legs were rather edematous, and gout did not seem to be the culprit. How long have your legs been this swollen? I asked. Pretty long now. Dr. S. said they're getting worse, Mr. B. said. Dr. S.? He was a nephrologist. Why do you see Dr. S.? I asked. He told me I need the dialysis, but I don't want it, Mr. B. said. When I first met Mr. B., he seemed affable and cooperative. He wore a T-shirt with one of those sayings, something like World's Greatest Grandpa. Once the subject turned to dialysis, his face hardened, and a steely reserve rose to the surface. You need dialysis? I asked him. Might need. But I'm not going to do it, ever. I'd rather die, he said. At that point, Mrs. B. uttered words of frustration, and a longstanding argument was about to be rehashed. We decided to check some blood tests before the words became too heated. The results were not good. Mr. B. was in renal failure, with a blood urea nitrogen level over 100 and a creatinine level of 11. His potassium level was over 6. A call to the on-call nephrologist followed, with plans for emergency dialysis. The physician covering for his nephrologist suggested we get a surgeon to put in a Quinton catheter that night. By serendipity, the on-call surgeon happened to be sitting in the emergency department after finishing a consult. All the pieces were in place. Nowto talk with Mr. B. Oftentimes complex treatment strategies are developed by making multiple phone calls, cajoling and pleading with consultants, and making logistic arrangements. An elaborate scheme of care gets constructed, and the patient is the last to be informed. So many things need to be set up in such little time that informing the patient becomes a last step, a formality. When the patient doesn't go along with this well-constructed scheme, all plans go for naught, and it's certainly a rude awakening. Mr. B. was informed he was in renal failure, his potassium was dangerously elevated, and he needed emergency dialysis. He refused (but surely he would see the wisdom of my treatment plan). Affability had become defensive resistance, and the battle began. The facts about indications and risks were explained again. He refused again. The appeal to sentimentality then ensuedthink of your family, your grandkids, and how they need you alive and well. He refused. His wife, who cannot be described without resorting to the clich long-suffering, pitched her case as well. Her pleading began with an appeal to reason, then shifted into an angry monologue. She told me about their many visits to different medical centers. Each time Mr. B. was told he needed dialysis. Each time he refused, and she had reached her limit. Disgusted with his stubbornness, she walked out of his room repeatedly to collect her thoughts. But why, we asked, why do you refuse? Everyone knows the black people and poor people get put on dialysis, and the white patients get transplants, he answered. I can be naive. I'd like to believe the doctorpatient relationship exists in some pristine universe where the two work together to help the patient recover or maintain health. Shades of skin do not matter, money in the pocket does not matter, gender does not matter. Idealism has a way of crashing head-on with reality, and this was one of those moments. Mr. B. most likely saw me not as a physician caring for him but as a shade of white, a voice of institutional racismthe enemy. The notorious history of racism in medicine cannot be denied. There was some epidemiologic truth to Mr. B.'s assertion. But this was not the time for a public health forum. His wife quickly shot down his argument, in a way that had more moral authority than the words of a white emergency physician. You need dialysis now, she urged, even if you get a transplant later. By now the surgeon had decided to leave. The on-call nephrologist arrived, a woman of Indian descent. He would have nothing to do with dialysis, he said, no matter what she advised. We decided to treat him best as we could with Kayexelate and changed his anti-hypertensives. He refused dialysis and admission. Mr. B. appeared to have decision-making capacity, despite his uremia. He signed out against medical advice, not much better than when he came to the emergency department. Several weeks later, I spoke to the nephrologist about a different patient. Remember Mr. B.? she asked. She said she saw him up in the intensive care unit last weekon dialysis. How in the world did they get him to consent? She told me Mr. B's nephrologist put him on the telephone with an African-American nephrologist in Washington, DC. It was only after speaking to that nephrologist that he consented. How did he look? I asked. Miserable, but he was alive, she answered.


The virtual instruments (VI) technology and its characters were discussed in this paper. We present a software developed on graphical programming language LabVIEW that can communicate with the 1286 electrochemical interface (EI) which is made by Solartran and allow users control the e-quipment efficiently. By means of serial port or GPIB port, there by the software can control the instrument. The VIis designed using the LabVIEW and is capable of performing on - line measurement functions, including data acquisition, display, and analyses, as well as data archiving. Taking advantage of some other software, the corrosion electrochemical parameters can be calculated easily.


Plant biodiversity data are prerequisites for the sustainable management of a forest. We used quantitative ecological tools to determine the species composition, diversity (richness and evenness), population structure, distribution patterns, and regeneration status of trees in a Tropical Moist Sal Forest of Eastern Ghats, India. For this purpose, a field inventory was conducted during 2020–2022 in sixteen 1.0 ha forest stands along a human-induced disturbance gradient. A total of 161 species (61 trees, 40 shrubs, 60 herbs) belonging to 77 families and 143 genera were recorded in the 16.0 ha of forest area. The results revealed a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in the tree and shrub species density, basal area, species richness, and diversity along the gradient of disturbance. However, in the case of herbs, the Shannon–Weiner diversity index increased significantly (p < 0.01) with increasing disturbance levels. Irrespective of forest types and disturbance levels, the tree diameter class (10–30 cm) accounted for the highest stem density in the forest. A mixed trend was found in the case of the basal area; the >41 cm diameter class constituted the highest basal area in the Pure Sal Forest while the 10–30 cm class was in the Moist Deciduous Forest without Sal. Tree species richness was found higher in lower diameter classes. Disturbances impacted the distribution pattern of trees; in the Pure Sal Forest, the contagious distribution of trees were 61.54%, 40%, and 12.5% in undisturbed, low-disturbed, and moderately disturbed sites, respectively. The percent of trees showing random and regular distribution increased with the increased level of disturbance in all forest types. The number of tree species having good regeneration decreased with the increased disturbance intensity in all forest types. Frequent grazing, repeated forest fires, and poor soil seed banks at the Moderately Disturbed site were the main reasons for the poor/no regeneration of Pterocarpus marsupium, Adina cordifolia, Terminalia bellerica, and some other economical species. Significant changes in structural attributes of the tree community revealed the impact of human-induced disturbances in the Moist Sal Forests of Eastern Ghats. The disturbance mosaics promoted the growth of many invasive weed species and lianas, depleting the number of valuable species in the forest. This study suggests the adaption of sustainable biodiversity conservation approaches through the active participation of the tribal so that the remnants the Moist Sal Forests of Eastern Ghats can be controlled to prevent further degradation.


We show that the vacuum state functional for both open and closed string field theory can be reconstructed from the vacuum expectation values it must generate. The method also applies to quantum field theory and as an application we give a diagrammatic description of the equivalence between Shr¨odinger and covariant representations of field theory.


Police are often called to address concerns about people experiencing homelessness, with arrests often resulting from low-level, nonviolent crimes, and violations of minor nuisance ordinances. In Portland, Oregon, advocates lobbied for a new model of emergency response for 911 calls involving unhoused community members and people experiencing behavioral health crises. To ensure the program reflected the needs and perspectives of people experiencing homelessness, teams of researchers, community volunteers, and people with lived experience interviewed 184 people in camps, shelters, and parks. Teams asked unhoused people how the program should be designed, including who the first responders should be, how they should approach individuals in crisis, what resources they should provide, and how they should be trained. This article describes the methods, findings, and recommendations from our collaborative survey process aimed at ensuring that the voices of people experiencing homelessness informed the development of the Portland Street Response pilot program.


SUMMARY Mulberry plants from in vitro culture and developed in semisolid media culture, temporary immersion and control under field conditions in two sites with differences in soil type and watering method were evaluated. A factorial arrangement 2x3 was used with 4 repetitions for treatment. It was determined the survival (%), height of plant, leaves number and shafts, accumulation of dry matter and growth rate. A better behavior of the plants was observed in the site 1 with 97.51%, 106.79 cm, 230.05 leaves, 7.97 shafts, 1256.4 kg ha. -1 and 9.62 kg MS ha. -1 day -1 , respectively for the evaluated variables, respect to the site 2; also, the in


The central goal of this thesis focuses on two critical issues: First, it examines what triggers market takeoff and explores what role, if any, product characteristics have on market acceptance and diffusion. Second, it examines why some incumbents miss opportunities despite significant effort, resources and capabilities, and historical experience with customers in the same value networks. I study this issue from the perspective of how firms are able to "see" and "create" game changing product innovations, while some incumbent firms miss opportunities that turn out to be important. I am trying to understand what happens during the early stage of a really new innovation. I am especially interested in why incumbents miss opportunities and why small firms or larger firms who are not incumbents recognize opportunities.
This thesis introduces the idea of a beacon product, a new construct that suggests that outstanding new products, particularly dramatic and visible innovations, can have an important impact on the development and diffusion of a product category. These innovative products hit the sweet spot in the market and help make the transition from early adopters to the early majority envisioned by the traditional diffusion literature.
This thesis asserts that beacon products trigger market takeoff, inducing a surge in adoption, demonstrating to consumers and firms alike that there is a large potential market for the product category. The thesis presents data that clearly substantiates that beacon products send a strong signal to firms and help reduce market uncertainty as they demonstrate what product characteristics are appreciated by a sizeable market. The concept helps fill a gap in the existing literature and shows a possible mechanism for the convergence of a product category around a dominant design.
I show how paradigm shifts in product use, rather than different value networks or exotic technology, may play a role in incumbent's myopia. I demonstrate how lead user affinity groups' members are advantaged in understanding the potential of an innovation at its early stage of development.


Several types of dike rock can be found in the Hiroshima granite as follows: dolerite, pyroxene-porphyrite and hornblende-porphyrite, lamprophyre, hornblende-quartz-porphyrite, hornblende-biotite-granite-porphyry, biotite-granite-porphyry, fluidal micro-aplitic rock, coarse-grained quartz-porphyry, granophyre, felsite and felsitic quartz-porphry, plagiophyre, and pitchstone. In the broadly-distributed normal Hiroshima granite these dike rocks have sharp contacts . In the Yashiro granite which is a coarse-grained biotite-granite bearing porphyritic potash-feldspars, the dikes of spessartite and granite-porphyry are often invaded by aplite and quartz veins, and slightly granitized. The genetical history of the Yashiro granite is divided into the stage of magmatic intrusion of main body and later metasomatic replacement. The above-mentioned dikes must have intruded in the later metasomatic stage. The origin of these dikes are quitely unknown, but their original magma would be unrelated with the granite magma.


Hydatid cyst involving the urinary tract is relatively uncommon, we report a case of isolated hydatid cyst of the left kidney in a 55year old female presented with the left flank pain and passage of whitish grape like structures in urine (Hydatidurea).Clinical features mimic renal tumour, Diagnosis made by ultrasound and Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomograpgy (CECT) of the abdomen, patient underwent left nephrectomy after giving a course of Albendazole. Post -operative period was uneventful and patient is in good health.


The probable sequence of the comprehension of written English prepositions by hearing-impaired adolescents is predicted through the use of Clark's (1973) scheme for predicting the acquisition of prepositions by normal hearing children. Clark predicted the acquisition sequence on the basis of a featural analysis of the semantics of the prepositions and the application of generalized principles of language acquisition. According to this scheme, normal hearing children first acquire locative prepositions, then temporal, and finally manner prepositions. Multiple choice tests of preposition usage were given to 206 severely to profoundly hearing-impaired adolescents. In general, the deaf adolescents followed the predicted sequence but showed a greater ability to comprehend the manner or "grammatical" prepositions than would be expected. Three general principles for preposition comprehension by deaf adolescents are proposed.


The invention discloses a load bearing multiplexing method and a system of a Un interface, which are used for achieving the effect that EPS bearer of the same UE is multiplexed on EPS bearer of the same RN. The technical scheme is that a relay node/ donor base station manages multiplexing relation between the EPS bearer of the UE and the EPS bearer of the RN, wherein the relay node (or the donor base station) transmits S1 signaling carrying the multiplexing relation or radio resource control (RRC) signaling to the donor base station (or the relay node). The multiplexing relation is indicated commonly through the EPS bearer identification of the UE and the EPS bearer identification of the RN. The load bearing multiplexing method and the system of the Un interface can achieve the effect that the EPS bearer of the same UE is multiplexed on the EPS bearer of the same RN, and the multiplexing mode is flexible.


The supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process has been used to produce submicronic Bronze Red particles. Among the process parameters, the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the solution were studied. Two different solvents, ethanol and acetone, were also studied. The concentration of the liquid solution was kept unchanged in all of the experiments. The size and morphology of particles were affected by the temperature, pressure, and flow rate when ethanol was used as the solvent. Nevertheless, the size and morphology of the crystals precipitated from acetone were little sensitive to temperature and pressure but were influenced only by the flow rate. It was indicated that the interaction between the solute and the solvent played an important role in controlling the morphology and size of the crystals of Bronze Red under the same concentration.


Recent studies on top of line corrosion and protection in wet gas environments are reviewed.The regions and conditions causing top of line corrosion,as well as the methods to control the top of line corrosion are introduced.


Objective:To investigate the morphology and growth kinetics of the cells derived from the adult normal and herniated nucleus pulposus tissues.Methods: The cells derived from the adult normal and herniated nucleus pulposus were cultured in vitro.Passage 1,3,5 cells were chosen for light microscope and electron microscope observation.The cell growth rate,MTT value,maximal growth density,cellular mitotic index,cloning efficiency,and other parameters were observed in normal and herniated nucleus pulposus and the results were compared.Results: Compared with adult normal nucleus pulposus cells,the cells isolated from herniated nucleus pulposus were irregularly arranged and lost polarization,with rough endoplasmic reticulum slightly dilated.Under the same cellular density and culture conditions,the growth rate of passage 1 cells from adult normal and herinated nucleus pulposus had no significant difference,but the differences of passage 3 cells(P0.01) and passage 5 cells((P)(0.05)) were statistically significant.The maximal growth density,MTT value,cellular mitotic index,and cloning efficiency of passage 1 cells of adult normal and herinated nucleus pulposus were respectively 7.28±0.23 and 7.41±0.17,0.186±(0.015) and 0.173±0.008,(25.36±2.14)‰ and(23.13±2.55)‰,and(52.4±2.8)% and(47.7±2.6)%(all P(0.05);) those of passage 3 cells were respectively 6.96±0.19 and 5.48±0.22,0.154±0.018 and 0.110±0.009,(22.52±(2.16)‰) and((16.68±)(2.35)‰,) and(48.7±3.3)% and(40.7±2.5)%;and of passage 5 cells were respectively 2.42±0.13 and 0.98±(0.14,) 0.085±0.006 and 0.050±0.007,(15.61±1.96)‰ and(9.34±2.12)‰,and(40.2±2.3)% and(28.34±(2.9)%.) There were significant differences between the parameters of passage 3 and 5 cells(P0.05).Conclusion: The adult normal and herinated nucleus pulposus cells are different in cellular morphology when cultured in vitro.The continuous proliferation ability of the herniated nucleus pulposus cells is obviously decreased than that of the adult normal control group,and aging is more easily seen in the herniated ones.


With the continuous prevalence of cyber-attacks, information safety has become very important to governments and organizations all over the world. Individuals, organizations and government suffers from financial and reputational damages consequent to cyber-attacks. Hence development of good cyber security technique became very important in the literature. Generally, traditional IDS are passive in such a way that they detect and report attacks based on predefined rules. Traditional IDS focus on how to detect attacks base on a given rule, i.e. either assigned or abnormality (Muhammad 2010). Other traditional securityy detection strategies such as firewall and CAPTCHA intrusion detection systems (IDS) have been invented to protect the system's security, but there are still many critical issues which are reported every day (Salem et al 2008; Hauwa 2020). The situation worsens with the development of Internet technologies (Huang et al., 2019). Hence, cyber criminals continue to develop attack techniques against every cyber defense policy (Bukhari, S.et al,.2020). Therefore developed different cyber-attack methods such as phishing, image forgery, identity theft etc. On the other hand, academics and practitioners of cyber security are also developing cyber security measures. Hence, there is need for development of advanced security measures to curtail issues of cyber-attacks. This work proposes a framework that leverages on machine learning for same Key words: Machine Learning, Enhanceed Framework, Honeypot, CAPTCHA Intrusion Detection


The presence of a large, sharp resonance at 1 ev in Pu/sup 240/ results in the effective pile cross section for this isotope being very much larger than the true thermal cross section. Furthermore, the narrowness of this resonance causes the absorption of epithermal neutrons in Pu/sup 240/ to be strongly self- shielded. Consequently, the effective cross section of Pu/sup 210/ will be a junction of reactor spectrum and of the Pu/sup 210/ concentration at any given time. The significance of this effect can be appreciated by noting that the effective cross section of this isotope is frequently more than twice the effective thermal value. An approximate method of calculation was applied to long term reactivity problems. The importance of the resonance augmentation and concentration dependence of the Ar/sup 210/ cross section is particularly evident in the first few thousand Mwd/t and causes significant changes in the reactivity required to reach any longer burnout. Sample calculations are presented and comparisons with the Canadian experimental determinations of the effective Pu/sup 210/ cross section are made. An effective constant Pu/sup 210/ cross section is presented which will yield approximately correct burnout results when used in conventional irradiation studies. (auth)


In this work we present the epitaxial and device results of AlInN/GaN HEMTs grown on SiC by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. High quality AlInN/GaN HEMT structures with sub‐10 nm AlInN barrier were grown with very low Ga background level (<1%). The low Rsh of 215 Ω/sq was obtained with an excellent standard deviation of 1.1% across 3″ wafers. Lehighton RT contactless Hall tests show a high mobility of 1617 cm2/V s and sheet charge density of 1.76 × 1013/cm2. DC characteristics of an AlInN/GaN HEMT with a gate length of 0.1 µm and 25 nm Al2O3 passivation show maximum drain current (IDS,max) of 2.36 A/mm at VGS = 2 V. Gate recessed devices with 0.15 µm gate length and 25 nm Al2O3 passivation resulted in maximum transconductance (gm) of 675 mS/mm, the highest value ever reported in AlInN transistors. Excellent frequency response was obtained. The maximum fT is 86 GHz and fmax is 91.7 GHz.


The present article has the objective to argue on questions related to the health and the poverty, using given of the research of quantitative nature and to interdisciplinar, involving professional of the areas of Social Work and Nutrition, carried through during the formation in service in the Residence in Primary Care in Collective Health, in the condition of Resident of Social Work of the Center of Murialdo Health-School for the Program of Residence Integrated in Health of the School of Public/RS Health. Key words – Health. Social Work. Poverty.


The utility model discloses an HIT solar battery. The HIT solar battery comprises an N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film on the front side of the N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer, a P-type heavily-doped amorphous silicon film deposited on the intrinsic amorphous silicon film on the front side, a front-side transparent conductive film plated on the P-type heavily-doped amorphous silicon film, an Ag gate line positive electrode printed on the front-side transparent conductive film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film on the back side of the N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer, an N-type heavily-doped amorphous silicon film deposited on the intrinsic amorphous silicon film on the back side, a back-side transparent conductive film plated on the N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer and an Ag gate line back electrode printed on the back-side transparent conductive film. The HIT solar battery also includes at least one intrinsic amorphous silicon layer with a thickness of 0.5 nm to 10 nm. The HIT solar battery can reduce defect recombination center, lower the dark current, and improve open circuit voltage and fill factor of the battery.


The carrying capacity of hydrostatic turntable was influenced by the profile error. A direct method to solve the static equilibrium was proposed to obtain the axial motion error and the angular motion error components of the turntable based on the structural characteristic of the heavy duty CNC hydrostatic turntable and under the assumption that the turntable is a rigid body and has no deformation. Thus the working state was achieved. The guide way of a hydrostatic turntable was analyzed with the method, and the influence of the profile error component on the variation of the axial motion error and angular motion error components with wavelength was obtained. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the turntable guide way, this paper investigates the relationship between the supporting force of a single hydrostatic pad with the wavelength. The results show that the profile error of hydrostatic turntable has a great influence on bearing characteristics, and the axial motion error and the supporting force show similar performance with the profile error and increase with the increasing of the profile error amplitude.


Plasticity in body centered cubic (bcc) refractory metals are largely due to the stress tensor induced either by solute or thermal activation. The mechanism of the solute atom(s) residence causes instability in such metals. Earlier research have considered the mechanism of oxygen (O) or carbon (C) in tungsten (W), even though the major component of the environment is nitrogen (N). In this article, the density functional theory (DFT) was employed to investigate the thermodynamic stable site for an interstitial solute (N or O) in the bcc refractory metals (Mo and Nb) by calculating the equilibrium and structural parameters, dissolution energetics and volumetric strain. The dissolution mechanism of all the relaxed solid solution structures were predicted to be an exothermic reaction from the supersaturated cell to the low concentration (1.82 at.%) except for Mo-N solid solution. Convergence of volumetric strain was observed at the low concentration of the solute. At this point, the solid solution of Mo-N and Mo-O had a less measure of global stress (less distortion) at the octahedral (o) site while that of Nb-N and Nb-O were at the tetrahedral (t) site. This certainly shows why this two bcc-refractory metals in groups VB (Nb) and VIB ∗Peter Amoako-Yirenkyi Email address: email@example.comfirstname.lastname@example.com (Peter Amoako-Yirenkyi ) Preprint submitted to Physica B: Condensed Matter July 23, 2021 ar X iv :2 10 7. 10 30 7v 1 [ co nd -m at .m tr lsc i] 2 1 Ju l 2 02 1 (Mo) of the periodic table exhibit different deformation behaviours giving their difference in site preference stability.


Gene targeting is an in situ manipulation of an endogenous gene in a precise manner by the introduction of exogenous DNA. The process of gene targeting involves a homologous recombination reaction between the targeted genomic sequence and an exogenous targeting vector. In elucidating the function of many genes, gene targeting has become the most important method of choice. Conventional gene targeting has been achieved through the use of embryonic stem cells. However, such a procedure is often long, tedious, and expensive and has been limited in the mouse only due to a lack of usable embryonic stem cells in other species. This study was carried out to develop a much simplified procedure of gene targeting using E. coli recombinase recA and modified single-stranded oligonucleotides. The new procedure was attempted to modify X-linked hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene. The single-stranded oligonucleotide to target exon 3 of HPRT was 74 bases in length and included three phosphorothioate linkages at each terminus (also known as S-oligo) so as to be resistant against exonucleases when introduced into zygotes. The oligonucleotide sequence was homologous to the target gene except for a single nucleotide that induces a mismatch between the introduced oligonucleotide and endogenous HPRT gene. Although the exact mechanism is yet unknown, endogenous repairing of such a mismatch would give rise to the conversion of TAT to TAG stop codon, thereby losing the function of the target gene. Prior to an introduction into zygotes, modified single-stranded oligonucleotides were preincubated with recA recombinase to enhance the homologous recombination. The recA-oligonucleotide complex was microinjected into the pronuclei of zygotes. Individual microinjected embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage were analyzed for the expected nucleotide conversion using PCR and subsequent sequencing. The conversion of TAT to TAG stop codon was confirmed in two embryos among forty tested blastocysts, so that the frequency of gene targeting was approximately 5%. The result suggests that the gene targeting was feasible by this relatively easier direct method. Subsequent transfer of gene-targeted embryos to recipients to obtain transgenic mice missing the function of HPRT gene is underway. Further technical refinement and enhancement of homologous recombination frequency will be required for the practical use of this new approach for gene targeting in mice.


The mucous membrane of a stomach and duodenum of the patients with the complicated peptic ulcer after the correctional operations have been examined by the modern complex of morphological, morphometric and hystochemical analyses. Mor-pho-hystochemical parameters typical of each stage of after operated period have been practically distinguished and proved.


Learning is important for everyone in order to open their minds to be able to face various kinds of changes and challenges in the future, learning is also important for everyone, both children and adults. For children, learning may be something they think is boring, because at that age they have not found the motivation related to the importance of learning and because this lack of motivation causes their basic ability to learn to be low, they need to strengthen special motivation in order to grow their enthusiasm for learning. This is what happened to one of the children in Sanggar Pelita, the child needed to strengthen his motivation to have enthusiasm and interest in learning, the strengthening process was also carried out in the Practicum I mini project activity, using the casework intervention method by Skidmore who consists of several stages such as assessment (Assessment Phase), Program Planning, Intervention, Evaluation, and Termination. From the results of this research or practicum, it is hoped that it will have an impact in the form of increasing both interest and ability in children's learning.


On the classification or proper nouns. Are they more like regular nouns or more like 3 personal definite pronouns? It is arguen d that ought to be regarded as a part of speech of their own


On the basis of triplet and its properties, a class of triple-mode and triple-band narrow-band bandpass filters is presented and designed by simultaneously exploiting the three resonant modes in a single rectangular cavity: TE101, TE011, and TM110 modes. The input/output ports of the proposed filter are formed by coupling a waveguide feed to a slot on the side wall of a rectangular cavity. These resonant modes are excited by making use of the position and shape of the slots at input/output of the rectangular cavity without any intra-cavity coupling structure. Besides three poles within the desired passband, a pair of transmission zeros (TZs) can be produced and controlled to appear at the inner or outer sides of this passband. Due to emergence of the three resonant modes and realization of a pair of TZs, a highly attenuated and sharpened filtering selectivity is achieved. In order to verify the proposed approach, two filter prototypes are in final fabricated and measured.


The invention relates to the technical field of harmlessness treatment of smelting wastes, and especially relates to a ceramsite prepared by using smelting wastes, and a preparation method thereof. The ceramsite comprises 10-90% of smelting waste powder, 5-40% of municipal sludge, 4-20% of fly ash, 0-20% of gangue and 0.1-10% of a curing agent. The preparation method of the ceramsite comprises the following steps: 1, crushing the smelting wastes by using a crusher to prepare the smelting waste powder; 2, weighing the smelting waste powder, the municipal sludge, the fly ash, gangue and the curing agent, mixing, and uniformly stirring to prepare ceramsite powder; 3, conveying the ceramsite powder to a ball forming granulation machine, and carrying out granulation molding to prepare ceramsite balls; 4, drying the ceramsite balls; and 5, calcining he dried ceramsite balls to prepare the finished ceramsite. The ceramsite prepared in the invention has the advantages of light weight, environmental protection and wide uses; and the preparation method recycles the smelting wastes, and has good economic and social benefits.


We study Ricci solitons in (ϵ)-trans-Sasakian manifolds. It is shown that a symmetric parallel second order covariant tensor in a (ϵ)-trans-Sasakian manifold is a constant multiple of the metric tensor. Using this it is shown that if LV g + 2S is parallel where V is a given vector field, then (g, V ) is Ricci soliton. Further, by virtue of this result, Ricci solitons for n-dimensional (ϵ)- trans-Sasakian Manifolds are obtained. Next, Ricci solitons for 3-dimensional (ϵ)-trans-Sasakian Manifolds of type (α, β) are discussed.


From 1785 to 1815 David Ramsay, a Maryland-born, Princeton-educated, Philadelphia-trained physician living in South Carolina, was one of the most prolific chroniclers of the American Revolution. He wrote three histories of the American struggle for independence and, at the time of his death, had almost completed a fourth. The South Carolinian's ambition in writing history was to craft a new identity for the people of the United States: one that was rooted in a common past that could pave the way for a republican future. The evolution of Ramsay's histories provides a valuable insight into the changing relationship between the Revolution and the nation it created. Although his goal did not change from the first to the fourth histories, the specifics of his account and the place he accorded to the new nation's struggle for independence in it certainly did. In his early histories Ramsay portrayed the Revolution as a catalyst for a larger process of social, political, and moral improvement that would create a new nation, but by his last he saw it as a vindication of a pre-existing set of values and beliefs that defined what it meant to be an American.1 The evolution of Ramsay's interpretation of history reflected a larger process of social and political change in the years following independence in which many in the new nation sought to contain the radical impulses of the American Revolution. If the Revolution began at the moment in which politicized Americans took to the streets in defense of their rights and liberties, that tradition was considered problematic from the start, and conservative critics steadily stepped up their efforts to reign it in following independence. The Continental Congress slowly turned its back on crowds of women seeking to control the price of food in the name of sound republican principles. The Whiskey Rebellion convinced ardent Federalists and Jeffersonians alike of the dangers of too much popular agitation in the name of liberty. Even the triumph of Thomas Jefferson over John Adams in the election of 1800 did not reverse this trend. As Alan Taylor has pointed out, the Jeffersonians championed an active citizenry involved in the political life of the nation, but they sought to confine those impulses within the electoral process and to direct popular political energy to supporting existing political and economic institutions. Although Americans may not have abandoned the promise of a new, more democratic political order that many had identified with the Revolution, by the early nineteenth century they had made every effort to regularize politics in a way that preserved rather than challenged the status quo.2 The evolution of history-writing in the early republic offers a vital starting point for understanding the changing attitudes that Americans had toward their revolution and its implications for present and future generations. Eighteenth-century Americans believed that history provided a valuable guide that could, if studied closely, offer effective solutions to the nation's myriad problems. As one writer in the Universal Asylum observed, "history ought, in a peculiar manner, to be the study of every one, who would attain a liberal education" as it offered readers "two sorts of examples, the one to be imitated, and the other to be avoided." The problem of creating a nation in the wake of the Revolution made history even more important. As Gordon Wood has noted, the economic, social, and political turmoil of the years following independence had convinced the people of the United States that "to be an American could not be a matter of blood; it had to be a matter of common belief and behavior. And the source of that common belief and behavior was the American Revolution: it was the Revolution, and only the Revolution, that made them one people." In this context, how Americans understood the history of the colonies, the struggle for independence, and the subsequent efforts to establish a viable republican government took on tremendous significance. …


BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor of the head and neck with distinct regional characteristics and radiosensitivity. Because of occult lesions and lymph node metastasis, it is mostly found in the moderate and advanced stage. Incomplete treatment makes it easy to relapse, which is the main reason for poor prognosis. With the continuous development of stem cell research, nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells have received increasing attention in recent years. Post‐treatment residue is most likely to be responsible for the recurrence and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in the isolation, identification, related signaling pathways and targeted therapies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells. METHODS: The first author searched PubMed and CNKI between 2003 and 2017 using the keywords of "nasopharyngeal carcinoma, stem cell, cancer stem cells, side population cells, selection, signaling pathway, therapy" in English and Chinese, respectively. Seventy‐six eligible articles were finally chosen for review, after excluding unrelated or repetitive articles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The included studies in this review provide useful information, based on which we certainly understand the causes for susceptible recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. As a great progress is being made by studies regarding surface markers, related signaling pathways, pathogenic molecules and regulatory mechanisms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells involved, breakthroughs will be achieved both in the clarification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma initiation and development and in searching new therapies targeting nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells.


Method and computer implemented for managing virtual machines in storage environments cloud networking system. # The method comprises in particular managing the lifecycle of a service by monitoring inbound events using an adaptive mechanism based rule that allows the transformation of services for a change in response to information from predefined application of a user, it checks this set of rules regarding a set of policies predefined adaptation and implements actions required to develop new software elements or Virtual machines; loading said rule set in a controller of rules; and executes a monitoring of incoming events that trigger a change of state by executing said loaded set of rules in the rules controller. The system is arranged to implement the method.


In the summer of 1720, in the ghetto of Ferrara, the members of the devotional confraternity Ḥadashim la-bekarim (Daily Renewal) organized and staged public readings of Moses Zacuto's dramatic poem Tofteh 'arukh (Hell Arrayed). The readings, which were held after midnight and included musical accompaniment by an instrumental ensemble, afforded the opportunity for the entire community to channel religious and aesthetical impulses into a public ritual of devotion, while supplying the members of the confraternity a platform from which to popularize both their rites and the underlying learned culture. The Ferrara readings were by no means an isolated phenomenon. Marking the observance of liturgical feasts with the organization of sometimes elaborate events, in which ritual enactment and entertainment were combined, was a staple of Jewish confraternal life in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Italy. These performances, most of which were at the semi-professional or amateur level, went from dramatized readings to cantatas, to small oratorios, and often involved purportedly composed Hebrew poetry of considerable literary merit. By reconstructing the commissioning, performance, and audience reception of some of these works, this essay explores the ways in which devotional confraternities and akin groups used dramatic and music poetry to promote confraternal rituals and gain new visibility, thus also contributing to reshape the public sphere inside the ghetto.
Keywords: Early Modern Italy; Jewish devotional confraternities; Hebrew poetry for music; Hebrew dramatic poetry; Immanuel Frances; Moses Zacuto


Objective There is increasing evidence that the intestinal microflora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. In the present study, we investigate the role of probiotics especially bifidobacterium (BIF) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Furthermore, to in- vestigate the changes of activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Methods Subacute colitis was induced in BALB/c mice with 7% DSS in their drinking water for 10 days. Controls received normal tap water. Before and during DSS exposure, different medications were given orally as following: (1) Pre-BIF: administration of BIF 10 days before and during DSS exposure; (2) PRED: administration of prednisone during DSS exposure; (3) BIF: administration of BIF during DSS exposure; (4) PRED + BIF: administration both prednisone and BIF during DSS exposure; (5) NS: administration normal saline during DSS exposure. Colitis was quantified by a clinical damage score, body weight, colon length. Inflammatory response was assessed by neutrophil infiltra- tion, determined by histology and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. In addition, activation of NF-κB in colon mucosa was further studied by immunohistochemistry. Results Macroscopic score, histological score, MPO activity in Pre-BIF and BIF groups were significantly lower than NS (P 0.01, P 0.05 respectively). Acti- vated NF-κB score in Pre-BIF, BIF and PRED + BIF were significantly lower than NS (P 0.01). Conclu- sion Bifidobacterium have protective effect on intestinal mucosa of DSS-induced murine colitis, especially before DSS exposure. Our results therefore suggest that inhibition of NF-κB activation may be involved in the therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects of Bifidobactrium.


[Objective]To investigate the relationship between severity of pulmonary fibrosis due to silicosis and the range of lymphadenectasis. [Methods]A total of 114 inpatients in Shenyang Nineth People's Hospital from 2009-2010 were selected to analyze the relationship between severity of pulmonary fibrosis due to silicosis and the range of lymphadenectasis;Lymph node size and number of 81 out of 114 patients were compared after 5 years by CT. [Results]The severity of pulmonary fibrosis correlated with the range of lymphadenectasis,showing linear relationship(P0.05).Lymph node size and number of silicosis inpatients did not change after 5 years. [Conclusion]The severity of pulmonary fibrosis showed negative linear relationship with the range of lymphadenectasis.


The lattice vibrations of 1,2-C2H4Br2 and 1,2-C2D4Br2 were measured by means of Raman spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the frequencies and the half widths of the lattice vibrations indicates that the phase transition of the crystal is associated with the rotation of the molecule around the Br–Br axis.


This chapter outlines basic gene structure and how gene structure is related to promoter structure in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their transcription machinery. An in-depth discussion is given on variations types of the promoters among both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and as well as among three prokaryotic organisms namely, E.coli, B.subtilis and Mycobacteria with emphasis on M.tuberculosis. 1.0. What is a Promoter?


The present invention relates to a lightweight insulation composite block. The present invention is an intermediate structure is aerated concrete blocks, on both sides of the aerated concrete blocks are special concrete. The present invention solves the problems of the prior art hollow block and aerated concrete blocks heavy in weight, convenient masonry, thermal insulation, thermal insulation performance difference, it is difficult to meet the energy requirements of the building, and also lifetime prevalence material not synchronized, infiltration defects interior and exterior wall cracking. The present invention both impermeable and heat, shrinkage is small, and lightweight, easy to masonry; low cost; the production process may utilize conventional aerated concrete block production process, the use of an intermediate light aerated concrete guarantee , using both sides of the special concrete realization impermeable insulation.


Water samples from Hadejia River in the north eastern part of Nigeria were studied in order to ascertain the suitability and radiological safety of water from the river for human consumption. Radioactive measurements, using a lead shielded sodium iodide detector coupled to a multichannel analyzer were used to estimate eight radiological parameters of water samples from Hadejia River. The results show that the values of all the parameters fall within the minimum universal standard, indicating that consuming the water pose no serious radiological hazard, especially for adults. The values of the Absorbed Dose Rate (50.10511 nGyh-1) and AEDE (12.458 mSvy-1) for the infant however portend that infant consumer could be susceptible to radiation hazard on consuming water from the River. It is however recommended that activities that are capable of enhancing the radiological content of the River be avoided within the area.


The necessity to build a comprehensive simulation training system for the regional power network is put forward in this paper on the basis of an analysis on the development situation of simulation training system for the power network and the current problems. Combining with the development of Nanjing Electric Power Company's comprehensive simulation training system, the technical considerations for realizing this system, main features and practical applications of this system are introduced in this paper.


We give a detailed introduction to the classical Chern–Simons gauge theory, including the mathematical preliminaries. We then explain the perturbative quantization of gauge theories via the Batalin–Vilkovisky (BV) formalism. We then define the perturbative Chern–Simons partition function at any (possibly non-acylic) reference flat connection using the BV formalism, using a Riemannian metric for gauge fixing. We show that it exhibits an anomaly known as the "framing anomaly" when the Riemannian metric is changed, that is, it fails to be gauge invariant. We explain how one can deal with this anomaly to obtain a topological invariant of framed manifolds.


Music style is tightly connected with listeners' emotional processes and neural activities. However, it remains unclear how the brain works when different music styles are processed emotionally. The current study analyzed the neural activation associated with five music styles during emotion-evoking. Twenty non-musicians participated in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning and the emotional ratings of pleasure and arousal evoked by pop, rock, jazz, folk, and classical music. Results showed that classical music was associated with the highest pleasure rating and deactivation of the corpus callosum. Rock music was associated with the highest arousal rating and deactivation of the cingulate gyrus. Pop music activated the bilateral supplementary motor areas (SMA) and the superior temporal gyrus (STG) with moderate pleasure and arousal. As the first fMRI experiment investigating the relationship between the music style and emotion, it provides neural correlates of different music styles during emotion-evoking.


The antiferromagnet Mn${}_{3}$Ge has been recently shown to exhibit a large spontaneous anomalous Hall effect, which can be switched by a small magnetic field and which has been attributed to topologically protected Weyl nodes. Up till now, the true ground-state magnetic structure of the compound has eluded countless experimental studies, which began some fifty years ago. Here, the authors report the use of an advanced polarized neutron scattering technique to resolve unambiguously the magnetic structure of this compound.


Data pertaining to the pre-weaning body weights and average daily gains of 2909 piglets belonging to two crossbred (50% and 75% LWY-Desi) genetic groups were analyzed. Genetic group, period and season of birth and LSB in general, affected all the body weights highly significantly. The overall least-squares mean body weights were 1.11 ± 0.01, 2.16 ± 0.01, 3.20 ± 0.02, 4.32 ± 0.02, 5.44 ± 0.03, 6.52 ± 0.04, 7.65 ± 0.04, 8.79 ± 0.05 and 10.13 ± 0.06 kg at birth, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 weeks age, respectively. The overall least squares mean ADGs during 0 and 1, 1 and 2, 2 and 3, 3 and 4, 4 and 5, 5 and 6, 6 and 7, 7 and 8 and birth and 8 weeks were 0.149 ± 0.002, 0.148 ± 0.002, 0.158 ± 0.002, 0.161 ± 0.002, 0.154 ± 0.002, 0.161 ± 0.002, 0.165 ± 0.003, 0.191 ± 0.003 and 0.161 ± 0.001 kg, respectively. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among body weights were mostly positive and medium to high. Correlations among average daily gains were very low and without any trend.


In the present work, we deal with the quadratic decomposition of symmetric semi-classical polynomial sequences of even class. An example from class 2 is settled. We give an integral representation of the considered symmetric form.


This paper created a temperature control network by using the PLC's PWM and PID instruction,which was constituted of PC,CPU312-2-DP and CPU224 together,and based on Profibus field bus,discussed temperature test algorithm and PID control algorithm in detail.The software diagram was provided,and the design of temperature Supervisory Control system was introduced as well.Experiment conducted indicates that the system has high reliability and stability while the control precision is within 1℃.The system has practical application value.


The study of traffic is fundamental in the quantitative of vehicles that transit in a highway, for a certain period. This article presents the BR 415 km 14 traffic study, Jorge Armado Highway, analyzing the current highway capacity and future demand for ten years, identifying the service level and the functional class, the average daily volume, to determine the demand of the highway. The Highway Capacity Method - HCM - was used for single lane highways. The method consists in classifying the level of service by the percentage of time spent following and the average speed of travel of the highway under analysis. The volume of traffic on the highway was high, over 10,000 vehicles per day. The highway operates at the limit of its capacity, there are difficulties of maneuvers, reduced speeds and the volume of traffic is unstable, sometimes causing congestion.


This paper,based on the present situation of the library and from the idea of humanism,puts forward some ideas on humanistic management and ways to implement the scientific management.


A practical real-time guidance algorithm has been developed for aerobraking vehicles which nearly minimizes the maximum heating rate, the maximum structural loads, and the post-aeropass delta V requirement for orbit insertion. The algorithm is general and reusable in the sense that a minimum of assumptions are made, thus greatly reducing the number of parameters that must be determined prior to a given mission. A particularly interesting feature is that in-plane guidance performance is tuned by adjusting one mission-dependent, the bank margin; similarly, the out-of-plane guidance performance is tuned by adjusting a plane controller time constant. Other features of the algorithm are simplicity, efficiency and ease of use. The trimmed vehicle with bank angle modulation as the method of trajectory control. Performance of this guidance algorithm is examined by its use in an aerobraking testbed program. The performance inquiry extends to a wide range of entry speeds covering a number of potential mission applications. Favorable results have been obtained with a minimum of development effort, and directions for improvement of performance are indicated.


Purpose: To establish typical normal values for the optic disc area (DA), neuroretinal rim area (NRA), cup area (CA) and peripapillary crescent area (PCA) over a wide range of ametropia, and to investigate whether any of these optic disc parameters are related to axial length and/or ocular refraction.


Physical Layer Authentication (PLA) in wireless systems has drawn much attention because it can provide information-theoretic security. However, the performance of the prior PLA schemes significantly declines under a frequency selective fading channel and the theoretical analysis of a PLA scheme becomes extremely challenging under a frequency selective fading channel as compared to that under a frequency flat fading channel. This paper addresses the problem of authenticating transmitters at the physical layer under a frequency selective fading channel. We propose two tag-based PLA schemes under a frequency selective fading channel. The first scheme is the Generalized Tag-based PLA (GT-PLA) scheme, where the negative effect caused by a frequency selective fading channel is compensated for. If the channel reciprocity holds, we will propose the second scheme to further improve the performance of the GT-PLA scheme, named the Adaptive Generalized Tag-based PLA (AGT-PLA) scheme. We provide the theoretical analysis of both proposed schemes over wireless fading channels in terms of robustness, security, and compatibility, and derive their closed-form expressions. Moreover, we implement the proposed schemes and conduct extensive performance comparisons. Our experimental results demonstrate that the GT-PLA scheme achieves higher robustness over the prior PLA schemes while the AGT-PLA scheme can further improve the performance of the GT-PLA scheme in terms of robustness, security, and compatibility.


Due to the methane-contained air leakage flow existing in a high gassy goaf,an experimental system on coal sample's oxidation in low temperature under the condition of methane-contained airflow was designed.Model experiments simulating spontaneous combustion were carried out according to the gas distributing scheme.The formation of the oxidation products CO was studied.The result shows that the temperature for initial production is suppressed and the amount of products produced decreases with the decrease of oxygen volume fraction or increase of methane volume fraction.When fresh air is used to predict the state of coal spontaneous combustion in high gassy goaf,a delayed prediction is caused.Finally,based on the principle of gas-solid chemical reaction kinetics,the variation of reaction rate was analyzed,and the experimental results were reasonably explained.


The paper deals with an overview regarding the implementation of individual urban transportation using reluctant motor driven electric bicycles. A particular case of Cluj- Napoca city is taken as reference. Study of opportunity, state of the art in the field of electrical driven bikes and a proposed solution for electric motorizing in this field are presented. Preliminary calculus and results are given.


In this study, the potential distribution ranges for three different Asian Cerambycid beetles, Aeolesthes sarta (Solsky), Tetropium gracilicorne (Reitter) and Xylotrechus altaicus (Gebler), were simulated using the climatic modeling program CLIMEX. This program calculates an ecoclimatic index based on the life cycle requirements of a species and thus represents the probability of a viable population existing at a certain location. Simulations show that all of the studied species have a potential distribution in Europe according to climatic factors. Also, potential hosts for these species grow in much of Europe, making the potential establishment of these species possible. Simulation with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) climate change scenario A1B resulted in changes of 200 to 1100 km at the northern and southern edges of the distribution range for the studied species.


Several American introductory human geography textbooks are analyzed in details from the contents, structure, representation style, map using and internet support. The textbooks choosed for evaluation by the author include: Human Geography: Culture, Society and Space (de Blij and Murphy. 7th ed. John Wily and Sons, 2003), The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography (Rubenstein. 7th ed. Prentice Hall, 2002), Human Geography: Landscapes of Human Activities (Fellman, Getis, and Getis. 6th ed. WCB/McGraw-Hill, 1999), Places and Regions in Global Context: Human Geography (Knox and Marston. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, 2001), The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography (Jordan-Bychkov and Domosh. 6th ed. HarperColins College, 1994). Based on the analysis of the above textbooks, together with the published related papers, several characteristics of the American introductory human geography textbooks are summarized as followings: 1) the differences lie mainly on the textbook structure and the organization of the materials instead of the contents; 2) the compile of the textbooks are based on the published works, showing the authors' special respect to other scholars, so the textbooks are informative; 3) every textbook mentioned above uses a lot of maps and photos, and is plenty of tables and cases, which makes it attractive, readable and vivid; 4) paying much attention to cultural analysis, which reflects the revive of cultural analysis; 5) the textbooks are full of landscape analysis, so they are attractive; 6) the updating of the American human geography textbooks is rapid, and they are reflective of times. A new edition of the textbook will appear in about three years, and the discussion of the hot issues will make them keep up to date. These characteristics can be reference to compile our similar textbooks. We can take account of and should make full use of the American experience in editing the textbooks when we modify or compile our related textbooks.


The two control methods, namely the general-control and the quadrature-control modes for HRG under force-rebalance mode were introduced firstly. Then the azimuth of antinode on the hemispherical resonator was deduced. The dynamics equations of resonator under the nonuniformity of density distribution were established by way of Bubonov-Galerkin method which is commonly used for solution of differential equations, and the state equation was established through the dynamics equations. The analytic solutions of the vibration displacement and the velocity were achieved by solving the state equation, and then the ratio of rebalance excitation to primary excitation was derived under the two working modes, thus the estimation of input angular rate of HRG were obtained. By comparing and calculating these two modes, the error caused by resonator's machining defects can be greatly inhibited under quadrature-control, and the fourth harmonic density error's tolerance were calculated to ensure the accuracy of HRG under these two modes.


ABSTRACT Greyfield infill has been widely pursued as a neoliberally guided consolidation policy favouring high amenity, higher density redevelopments in existing residential areas. In the context of rapidly transforming inner-city suburbs, the question becomes whether consolidation can be achieved through laissez faire zoning combined with strong market incentives for both large- and small-scale developers. This study draws upon an empirical analysis of property boundary change in Brisbane, Australia to demonstrate that without adequate specification, consolidation policy encouraging infill of greyfield inner-city sites can create perverse outcomes that fragment, rather than consolidate, the existing lot structure. The creation of 'backyard subdivisions' is one outcome in which additional dwellings are built alongside existing houses protected by preservationist statutes. Despite best intentions to retain dwelling character whilst consolidating growth, redevelopment outcomes do not achieve the purported benefits of consolidation. Clear planning controls are required if greyfield infill is to play a role in halting peripheral urban expansion.


Like many other patriarchal societies, Australia is marked by entrenched patterns of gendered violence. Central to the New South Wales legislative reforms that commenced in the 1980s with the aim of redressing this was the introduction of civil protection orders that gave police the authority to respond to domestic violence incidents through protection and/or prosecution proceedings. In 2005, following other jurisdictions, the New South Wales Government piloted the integrated Domestic Violence Intervention Court Model (DVICM). The selection of the inland rural town of Wagga Wagga and the metropolitan Campbelltown site provided the opportunity to conduct research comparing the commencement, processes, outcomes and effectiveness of civil and criminal justice interventions across major city and rural locations, through time and for different cultural groups, the focus of this article.


A 32-year-old woman with a history of nephrolithiasis presented to the emergency department with left costovertebral angle tenderness and fevers to 38.8°C. At presentation, the patient had no dysuria, urgency, or increased frequency of urination. A computed tomography (CT) kidney and urinary bladder (KUB) was ordered that demonstrated a 5-mm ureteropelvic junction stone and mild proximal hydronephrosis. During initial evaluation in the emergency department, the patient had a white blood cell count of 46.1 × 10/L and was tachycardic with a heart rate into the 140s. Her tachycardia initially responded to a 5-L bolus of normal saline. Urinalysis performed in the emergency department demonstrated many bacteria, positive leukocyte esterase, and nitrites. The patient was started on ceftriaxone and levofloxacin in the emergency department and admitted to the intensive care unit prior to urgent percutaneous nephrostomy placement. Given the patient's fevers and tachycardia, anesthesia was consulted to provide hemodynamic support and intubation during the interventional radiology procedure. After placing the patient prone, a posterior calyxwas accessed under direct ultrasound guidance using a 21-gauge ultrasound-scored Chiba needle (Cook Medical, Inc., Bloomington, IN) (►Fig. 1). A small amount of contrast was injected to confirm placement, and following placement of a 0.018-inch wire, an AccuStick transitional dilator was placed (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA). The 0.018-inch wire was exchanged for an Amplatz wire (Cook), the tract was dilated to 8F, and an 8F percutaneous nephrostomy tube was placed. A gentle diagnostic nephrostogram was performed prior to suturing the tube to the skin and placing the bag to gravity drainage. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit for close monitoring and a diagnosis of urosepsis. In the first 24 hours, the patient had 1875mL of urine output but only 5mL of urine output via the percutaneous nephrostomy tube. The patient was brought back to interventional radiology for a nephrostogram and tube upsizing to 10F to facilitate drainage. Nephrostogram done at that time was suggestive of thrombus within the collecting system (►Fig. 2). In the next 24 hours, urine output through the nephrostomy tube did not increase, and a repeat CT KUB was ordered. Repeat CT KUB demonstrated the nephrostomy tube completely traversing the kidney, with the pigtail ventral to the renal cortex and some of the sidehole within the collecting system. The patient again returned to interventional radiology, and an unsuccessful attempt was made to salvage the original tract. Using ultrasound guidance, the collecting system was accessed, and using standard technique a new tube was placed in the renal pelvis (►Fig. 3). In the 24 hours after replacement, the new nephrostomy tube drained 1475 mL The offending stone and nephrostomy tube were ultimately removed by urology 20 days later.


The negative effects of thermal stress on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) ' symptoms have long been known. However, the underlying mechanisms of MS heat and cold intolerance remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate body temperatures, thermal comfort, and neuropsychological responses to air temperatures between 12 and 39 ◦ C in people with MS compared to healthy controls (CTR). Twelve MS (5 males/7 females; age: 48.3 ± 10.8 years; EDSS range: 1 – 7) and 11 CTR participants (4 males /7 females; age: 47.5 ± 11.3 years) underwent two 50- min trials in a climatic chamber. Air temperature was ramped from 24 ◦ C to either 39 ◦ C (HEAT) or 12 ◦ C (COLD) and we continuously monitored participants ' mean skin (T sk ) and rectal temperatures (T rec ), heart rate and mean arterial pressure. We recorded participants ' self-reported thermal sensation and comfort, mental and physical fatigue, and we assessed their cognitive performance (information processing). Changes in mean T sk and T rec did not differ between MS and CTR neither during HEAT nor COLD. However, at the end of the HEAT trial, 83% of MS participants and 36% of CTR participants reported being " uncomfortable " . Furthermore, self-reports of mental and physical fatigue increased significantly in MS but not CTR ( p < 0.05), during both HEAT and COLD. Information processing was lower in MS vs. CTR ( p < 0.05); yet this cognitive impairment was not exacerbated by HEAT nor COLD ( p > 0.05). Our findings indicate that neuropsychological factors (i.e


Three‐dimensional (3D) field programmable gate array (FPGA) has evoked significant interest in wire‐length reduction for routing requirement. However, the complex design of the 3D switch boxes will limit the performance improvement and suffer from the area efficiency problems. This paper proposed a systematic graph model (SGM) for 3D switch boxes design to simplify the design process and reduce the storage memory for path programming. An interlaced 3D switch boxes and two‐dimensional (2D) switch boxes placement topology is also presented in this paper to design the 3D FPGA architecture for area efficiency purpose. The 3D place and route tool and TSMC 0.18‐µm CMOS process parameters are used to support building the experimental flow for verification. Performance evaluation shows that about 50% storage memory reduction can be obtained by using the proposed SGM‐based switch design approach. Additionally, compared with conventional architectures of 2D FPGA, the proposed scheme based on interlaced switch boxes placement approach can approximately achieve 20% delay‐power product improvement and 43% area‐delay product reduction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Detailed clinical history, complete hematologic evaluation along with newer ancillary techniques including High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), when used systematically can achieve laboratory diagnosis of thalassemia syndromes and hemoglobinopathies. With this background knowledge we framed the present scientific study to assess prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies by HPLC among antenatal cases and their family members and transfusion requiring children and adults, according to clinical findings in a newly developing government run medical college in Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal. The study was carried out from May,2018 to April,2019 i,e, for twelve month period. HbA2 value of 3.3% to 3.8% was considered as borderline and a cut-off of over 3.9% was taken for diagnosis of β-thalassemia trait. we have found that a total 15.8% cases were within the age group of 2 yrs, who presented for HPLC screening. Also seen, 24.29 % cases were within the age group of >2-15 yrs and 41.12 % cases were within the age group of >15-25 yrs.18.69 % cases were within the age group of >25-60 years. Out of 107 cases studied in the first 12 month of development of a new medical college in a rural district of West Bengal,0.93% cases came out to be B thal major,4.67% cases came out to be B thal trait, Thal E homozygous/EB thal cases constituted 37.38% of total cases. E thal trait constituted 8.41% of all cases and 43.92% cases came out with normal HPLC study. The present findings show HPLC as an excellent, powerful diagnostic tool for the direct identification of haemoglobin variants with a high degree of precision in the quantification of normal and abnormal haemoglobin fractions.


The method of orthogonalization [16, 17] is used to derive a general expression for the element matrix used in bending problems of thin isotropic plates solved by means of the mixed finite element model. The plate is divided into elements. The method is illustrated by the example of a triangular with constant moments (Herrmann [5], Hellan [6]) and of a rectangular element with linearly variable moments mx, tny and constant mxy (Backlund [7]). Short review of various elements is presented.


A new imaging method is proposed for multi-aperture wide-swath Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) in this paper. The imaging algorithm is proved theoretically, and the weighting matrix is proved to be in good condition. The computational complexity of the imaging algorithm is analyzed. The Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of this kind of multi-aperture wide-swath SAR is discussed. Finally, the simulation result is presented.


The spatial association of intracontinental thrusting and inverted metamorphism, recognized in the Himalaya more than a century ago, has inspired continuing efforts to identify their causal relationship. Perhaps the best known sequence of inverted metamorphism is that found immediately beneath the Himalayan Main Central Thrust (MCT), generally thought to have been active during the Early Miocene. It has been widely assumed that the pattern of inverted metamorphism also developed at that time. Using a new approach, in situ Th-Pb dating of monazite included in garnet, we have discovered that the peak metamorphic recrystallization recorded in the footwall of the MCT fault occurred at ca. 5 Ma. The apparent inverted metamorphism resulted from activation of a broad shear zone beneath the MCT zone which juxtaposed two right-way-up metamorphic sequences. Recognition of this remarkably youthful phase of metamorphism resolves outstanding problems in Himalayan tectonics, such as why the MCT (and not the more recently initiated thrusts) marks the break in slope of the present day mountain range, and transcends others, such as the need for exceptional conditions to explain Himalayan anatexis.


Thermal resistance of SiGe HBTs and Si BJTs on bulk silicon, SOI, and glass is investigated. The analysis includes self- and mutual heating. It is shown that a "floating" 10 /spl mu/m thick Cu island in close proximity to the device is already very effective to reduce the thermal resistance. A comprehensive method of thermal resistance extraction is presented.


The reactions systems are studied according to the Boundary Conditions Method. The scattering of a low-energy particle on two scatterers is described by a system of two coupled equations; the corresponding single channel interactions are described by one-channel scattering lengths. The problem of two-channel scattering could be described also in terms of one-channel scattering by means of Reduced Scattering Length. The Reduced Scattering Length takes into account the effect of eliminated channel via its scattering length as well as by multiple scattering of incident particle on two scatterers. One demonstrates that a virtual two-body state becomes bound in a three-body system, provided all scattering lengths are negative.


Conservatory measures in the matter of John Lukca and J. Lukca & Associes inc. given to the Bank of Montreal (July 18, 2016).


In this study,three strains identified as Brochothrix thermosphacta based on their individual and colony morphology features,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic analyses were isolated from tray-packaged chilled pork by repeated plate streaking on STAA solid medium plate.In order to explore the spoilage characteristics,these three B.thermosphacta strains were inoculated to the chilled pork at 4 ℃.Then B.thermosphacta count,pH and sensory evaluation scores were determined at 0,2,6 d and 8 d,respectively.The results of this study showed that B.thermosphacta possessed significantly stronger spoilage capability.An obvious difference in the growth capability among the strains was observed,which led to a difference among their spoilage capabilities.Based on the above findings,the fastest growing strains at low temperatures are useful to establish predictive models for the growth of B.thermosphacta and further predict the shelf life of chilled pork.


Historically, the transfer of training has been treated as a predominantly cross-sectional outcome of organizational training interventions. Although we intuitively know that transfer occurs over t...


Abstract : Eight nude resting male subjects were immersed in water. The temperature of the bath was varied cyclically from -5 to 42C. Similar experiments were performed in air with temperatures varying from -5 to 120C. Skin temperatures oscillated sinusoidally with amplitudes varying from 1 to 10C and periods varying from 3.75 to 30 minutes. Variations in skin temperature below 30C did not affect the oesophageal temperature. Sinusoidal variations in skin temperature above 34C were reflected in nearly sinusoidal alterations in the oesophageal temperature. Sinusoidal variations in oesophageal temperature were accompanied by nearly sinusoidal alterations in rectal, sublingual and tympanic membrane temperatures, with damping characteristics and phase shifts typical for each site of measurement. (Author)


The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in body composition by age group when women combine caffeine intake, nutritional restrictions, caffeine intake and nutritional restrictions while doing aerobic and resistance exercises. As a result, women in their 40s and 50s lost more weight, fat free mass, body fat, and BMI than women in their 30s. However, in the analysis of variance, there was no significant difference for each variable 12 weeks before exercise and 12 weeks after exercise. In addition, as a result of examining the interaction effects of caffeine intake and nutritional restriction groups 12 weeks before exercise and 12 weeks after exercise, respectively, significant interaction effects were found in weight and fat free mass, respectively. This study suggests that women in their 50s should measure the exercise effect according to the standards and characteristics of individual body types and determine how to consume caffeine and how to limit nutrition based on the results.


This research was designed to study teaching activities for speaking in an EFL refugee class at Immigration Detention Center in Balikpapan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the speaking activities that the teacher conducted, as well as how the teacher worked those activities and the challenges that appeared when the teacher performed teaching activities for teaching speaking. The research was done in Immigration Detention Centre, Lamaru, Balikpapan, in December 2019. The research sample in this study was one teacher of an EFL class of refugees in IDC Balikpapan. The study was based on qualitative case study research. Data were collected by using two instruments, classroom observation, and interview. The result indicated that various activities were conducted by the English teacher for teaching speaking in this class. It showed that the teacher taught ten exercises: discussion, roleplay, brainstorming, storytelling, interview, picture describing, game, presentation, field trip, and cooking activity. The teacher used the real-life situation as the topics for speaking activities in EFL class, applied pair or group learning, motivated the learners, used students centered method to encourage learners to be free to talk, and made only principal corrections when the learners were doing speaking activities. The challenges that the teacher faced while applying speaking activities in this EFL class learning process include language barriers, different educational backgrounds and life experiences, the psychological condition of the learners, and uncomfortable classroom situations. A professional teacher's certificate and training must be needed for teaching EFL refugee classes. So, it is necessary to create a particular course or class for learning to teach EFL classes for refugees in the English Education programs. EFL teacher of refugees is not only teaching language. The teacher is a facilitator, a guide, and a motivator to the EFL learners.


Freedom of operation in cyberspace has become an object of contestation between nation states. Cyber warfare is emerging as a realistic threat. This talk will explore the implications of the development of cyberspace as a domain of warfare and how military theory developed for the other domains of war may be applicable to cyberspace. Far from being a completely different domain, the talk will demonstrate that cyberspace is simply an obvious evolution in conflict theory.


This research is aimed at describing the students' tag question mastery
and the most difficult items of tag question mastered by the students.
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The writer collects the
data by conducting a test. The subject of the data is 46 students who joined the
test. The test consists of fifty items; 20 completions, and 30 multiple choices.
Based on the result of the data analysis that has been done, the writer
knows that the students can correctly answer the test 60,87% from the total correct
answer, there is a student (2,17%) in good category, 27 students (58,70%) in fair
category, 4 students (8,70%) in poor category, and 14 students (30,43%) in very
poor category. It is known that the students' tag question mastery belongs to the
fair category. It means that the students' tag question mastery of the third year of
SMP N 1 Gubug Purwodadi is fair (60,87%). The students have difficulties in
learning the tag question. There are confused in using past tense with to be "was",
the words "hardly", present tense, using "there", and the subject "everyone,
anyone, someone".


In this paper, a Pipeline ADC applied in medical image sensor was designed, and the analog / digital operating voltage was 3.3/1.2V respectively, the area was 0.326mm2. Because the gain bootstrap op-amp structure has been improved and the dynamic comparator was used, which reduced the overall power consumption of the ADC. The simulation results showed that in the normal working mode, the total current of ADC was about 6.5 mA; when the sampling rate was lower than 17.5 MHz, the working mode was switched to the LP (low power) mode, and the total current was 4.5 mA. In addition, the tapeout test results showed that the other performance parameters of ADC were good, the sampling rate was 35 M/s, and SNR was 58dB.


ABSTRACT This research aim to to analysis the leadership influence Lead the Countryside to performance of countryside peripheral District of Kalijambe of Sub-Province Sragen, analysis leadership influence Lead the Countryside, cultural organization which moderate motivate the job to performance of countryside peripheral District of Kalijambe of Sub-Province Sragen Population research Countryside peripheral Kalijambe of Sub-Province Sragen amounting to 153 people. Sum up the sampel in this research counted 55 people. technique of Intake sampel use the proporsional random sampling. Result analyse the regression that organization culture which dimoderating motivate the have an effect on to performance of countryside peripheral District of Kalijambe of Sub-Province Sragen, from result this is can be said that the quality of leadership lead countryside District of Kalijambe of Sub-Province Sragen pickaback performance of countryside peripheral can improve the quality of and service to better society progressively To challenge global leader require to push the existence of countryside peripheral to powered human resource the interest development, education and practice also often study to compare in other area to increase resource of countryside peripheral so that can improve the quality of job and service to society. Keywords : organization culture, performance, leadership, motivastion