htmlabstractThe Hamiltonian particle-mesh (HPM) method is used to
solve the Quasi-Geostrophic model generalized to a sphere, using
the Spherepack modeling package to solve the Helmholtz
equation on a colatitude-longitude grid with spherical harmonics.
The predicted energy conservation of a Poisson system is
shown to be approximately retained and statistical mean-eld
theory is veried.


The invention provides an automobile radiator leakage comprehensive test bed and an automobile radiator leakage comprehensive test method, which have high accuracy and can prevent qualified products from being mixed with disqualified products. The radiator leakage comprehensive test bed comprises a leakage detector, and a positive pressure air source and a negative pressure air source which are connected with the leakage detector by a pipeline and a pressure regulating valve respectively. The key point is that: the test bed also comprises a frame, wherein the leakage detector is arranged on the frame; a clamping apparatus used for clamping a radiator to be tested, a printer for printing labels, and a control unit are also arranged on the frame; and the control unit is connected with the clamping apparatus, the leakage detector and the printer respectively and controls the clamping apparatus, the leakage detector and the printer to work. After every test is finished, a label is instantly printed according to a test result, so that a disqualified product is prevented from being mixed with a qualified product, the disqualified product is ensured to be trapped to prevent the qualified product from being mixed with the disqualified product, thus the requirement of a company on product quality is met.


The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) developed a knowledge-based system for resolving fabrication errors in steel highway bridges. The system--Bridge Fabrication Error Solution Expert System (BFX)--focuses on errors occurring with relative frequency, but not resolved by standard actions prescribed by KDOT specifications or guidelines. The authors of this paper collected example cases from fabrication shops, state inspectors' field notes, and bridge-project documents. Panel meetings and interviews were conducted with multiple-domain experts. These cases became the foundation for constructing the knowledge representation space and testing of the system. Although an ID3-based learning tool for knowledge acquisition was attempted, it was unsuccessful, leaving knowledge acquisition based primarily on explicit domain extraction. Findings revealed that BFX offered proper repair solutions two-thirds of the time and correctly reported that no solution could be properly generated using the existing knowledge base for the remaining one-third of test cases.


Explanations for the hesitation to share bad news (i.e., the MUM effect) have emerged largely absent of an organizing theoretical framework. The current article aims to recast these explanations in terms of the face-related concerns senders anticipate when sharing bad news. Specifically, we questioned whether face-related concerns mediate the link between the valence of the news and the psychological reluctance and behavioral hesitation that are subsequently triggered in senders. Two samples (Ns = 138, 229) using different experimental methodologies revealed data consistent with mediation for two different concerns (fear of distressing the target, desire to avoid a negative mood). Implications for MUM effect research and limitations are discussed.


The naturally occurring insecticides, haedoxans A and D, as well as the artificial congener, haedoxan E, and nine of their stereoisomers were synthesized in racemic form.


Speciality fibres are generaJly used in blend with other fibres. The blending of speciality fibres imparts exceJlent effect to the product, which is otherwise difficult to attain. Special machinery is recommended to process these fibres, since they have slippery surface with c1os.elyoverlapping scales 1. Keeping these aspects in view, 25/75 rabbit hair-wool blend was prepared for processing on the wooJlen system. The fibre length of rabbit hair was not adequate for its processing on worsted system. In the present study, the performance of yarns and shawls made out of rabbit hair-wool blend and pure wool has been compared.


The 8{pi} {gamma}-ray spectrometer has been used to resolve high-spin states in the nucleus {sup 56}Fe following the reaction {sup 48}Ca({sup 13}C,5n){sup 56}Fe at a beam energy of 65 MeV. This study has extended the known decay scheme of {sup 56}Fe to J{sup {pi}}=(13{sup +}){Dirac_h}. The experimental decay scheme is compared with theoretical shell model calculations within the pf shell valence space.


This report describes over 20 novel techniques for preserving agricultural land. Using a survey of various literatures, phone interviews with program managers, and original policy design, these techniques are explained and categorized. A conceptual framework is offered that distinguishes the various roles governments can assume in order to affect outcomes in agricultural land markets. These roles are regulatory, incentive-based, and governmental participatory. Also, a fourth category of hybrid techniques are presented. For each novel technique, likely fiscal impacts are assessed and the acceptability of each technique to various stakeholders is discussed. In general, the findings demonstrate that novel regulatory techniques tend to be the least expensive to governments, but also are the least acceptable to agricultural landowners. Incentive-based and governmental participatory techniques are often more expensive, and thus may have limited acceptability to taxpayers. The conceptual framework also suggests that when governments select multiple techniques, attention should be paid to the implied allocation of property rights so as to maintain a coherent land-use policy. Conclusions from a comparative financial analysis suggest that some techniques seem to be superior to others under almost all conditions. This should help policy makers design programs that even more effectively allocate preservation dollars.


The article discusses information models for describing the typical elements and software tools used for development of agent-based simulation models, including the inference and the simulation engine. Step-by-step specification formation method of the agent model driven by the domain ontology is proposed. A web-oriented software system was developed to approbate the method. It is provided implementation of that specification based on an extensible toolkit, for example Jess and Madkit.


Metropolitan universities must forge partnerships with other educational institutions and utilize the latest technologies to provide equality in educational access for nontraditional learners. The University of South Florida uses varied types and combinations of distance learning technologies to provide access to quality educational programs for its diverse student population.


Objective To investigate the expression of collagen type Ⅳ in bovine lens epithelial cells (LECs) in vitro.Methods Bovine lens epithelial cells were planted and cultured in vitro.After passing two times,the collagen type Ⅳ expression was detected by Streptavidinbiotin peroxidase complex(SABC) immunohistochemical methods.Results The primary cultured cells could be passage cultured after forming cells monolayer in about 2~3 weeks.The passage cultured cells reached wall easily and could be passaged again 9~10 days later.Mass collage type Ⅳ,element of cytoskeleton,were found in cytoplasm with immunohistochemical method.Conclusion The proliferation of bovine LECs showes close relations with expression of collagen type IV,which play a role in development of posterior capsular opacification after cataract surgery.


ABSTRACT Organic contaminants such as Bisphenol A are classified as Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs). The inability of conventional water and wastewater treatments to remove CECs has made Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) attractive for their removal from water sources. Oxidation species such as hydroxyl radicals are produced by AOPs that degrades and mineralize CECs found in water and wastewater. The present study focuses on using heterogeneous nano-metallic oxide embedded activated carbon (AC) for degrading Bisphenol-A (BPA) present in the water. The catalytic ozonation process was carried out using AC/Cu2O/ZnO as the catalyst. The bimetallic catalyst was characterized using BET, XRD, FESEM, Raman Spectra, and DLS. Total organic carbon (TOC) removal was 19% higher for catalytic ozonation when compared with non-catalytic ozonation. HPLC studies found that BPA was removed by 98%. The optimal conditions for degradation were 650 µg/L, pH 8 and 60 minutes. LC-MS/LC-Q-TOF was utilized to find the degradation pathway.


ASVO Seminar • Viticultural Best Practice gation applied, and is expressed as a percentage. 4. Return per megalitre (Figure 4) was calculated by assigning a standardised value to the yield at each site, and dividing this by irrigation volume. 5. Yield per volume of drainage (Figure 5), expressed in t/ML, relates the yield to the estimated volume of drainage produced in the course of the growing season. A high score for yield per drainage volume indicates both high yield and low drainage volume, both of which are desirable. Figures 1–5 present the performance of all sites in relation to the indicators discussed above. Two sites have been highlighted, the two best performing sites overall. These two sites, along with one other, were used as case studies for development of best management practices. Even the most cursory glance at the graphs immediately reveals that there is an enormous range in performance across the sites. Some sites containing young vines were included in the sample, to assess performance during vineyard development. Yields from mature vines varied from 4 to 48.8 t/ha (Figure 1). Water use efficiency for mature vines within the sample ranged from 2.2 to 10.2 t/ML (Figure 2). This reflects the variation in the volume of water used over a season to produce the different yields of grapes. Sites 1 and 2 produced the highest yields, but they also did so using relatively little water, which made them efficient with respect to both land and water usage. Irrigation efficiency in the sample varied between 43 and 95% (Figure 3), indicating that a small percentage of sites were creating very significant drainage volumes. Irrigation efficiency, whilst an important indicator, does not of itself Benchmarking Irrigation Performance


The Chinese media industry faces three kinds of transformations:first,industry gravity centre,is ex- periencing the transformation,which from the creation of core product to the creation of formal product and ex- tension product;second,marketing philosophy,transformation from"sell"to"sharing";third,newspaper In- ternet interaction,transformation from traditional newspaper to digital newspaper,The realistic development of Chinese media industry is decided by whether the transformation of these aspects in 2007 is effective or not.


The absorption coefficient of various substances for y-rays from ThC" filtered through 6.8 cm. of lead is given in table B. The lead absorber is of 0.682 cm. thick, and the thickness of other absorbers is approximately equivalent to this. From the above table, it is seen that the value ue obtained by dividing the absorption coefficient . by the number of external electrons per cc., increases with the atomic number, while according to the theoretical formulae it should be constant. This might be explained by the following alternatives. (1) A part of the scattering may be due to electrons inside the nucleus as suggested by Professor Millikan in a report made to the National Academy in Nov., 1929, in which cosmic rays were shown to exhibit this same effect in still greater degree. (2) The scattering of a tightly bound electron of the atoms of high atomic numbers may be greater than that of a loosely bound electron. (3) There may still be some true absorption due to the photo-electric effect. At present, an investigation of the process of scattering is being carried on which might possibly throw some light on these questions. I should like to express my gratitude to Professor R. A. Millikan and Professor I. S. Bowen for the suggestion of this experiment and their help in carrying it through, and also to Dr. H. N. McCoy who helped with the preparation of the Radio-Thorium. * Research fellow of The China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture.


In the introduction to this special issue, we discuss recent trends in anthropological research on and in theorizing the state. We show how these have given rise to an analytical gap between state images, on the one hand, and practices, on the other. Based on this analysis, we propose a relational approach that we call 'stategraphy' as a way to tie together state practices and representations. This ethno- graphically grounded approach focuses on relational modalities, bound- ary work, and forms of embeddedness of actors as constitutive factors. These avenues of analyses enable a nuanced understanding and com- parative investigation of change and continuity as well as of mecha- nisms of inclusion and exclusion.


Bungo Pasang Village is one of the areas in Padang City. This area has densely populated settlements and houses with limited land. These settlements produce waste in the form of abundant organic or inorganic waste, which will impact environmental pollution. The activity objectives are to increase public knowledge and understanding of using used plastic bottles as a medium for planting flowers and environmentally friendly living pharmacies. Methods of activity: 1). lecture, 2). demonstration/training of using used plastic bottles as planting media. This activity's target audience is women in the Salingka Bungo Permai 1 Complex, Bungoasang Village, Koto Tangah District, Padang City, with about 30 members. Participants were also taught practice: punching plastic bottles, tying plastic bottles, mixing soil and fertilizer, planting flower plants in plastic bottles, and arranging plants vertically. The results of the activity obtained can increase public knowledge and awareness about using used plastic bottles as a planting medium. Furthermore, the community understands using used plastic bottles as an environmentally friendly planting medium in a little yard to the application stage of using used plastic bottles as an environmentally friendly planting medium. It is hoped that this activity can be carried out by the community in a sustainable manner to benefit people who have narrow yardlands. Furthermore, better management is needed to manage inorganic waste, such as using used bottles as planting media.


Author(s): Chintapalli, M; Higa, K; Chen, XC; Srinivasan, V; Balsara, NP | Abstract: © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. A method is presented to relate local morphology and ionic conductivity in a solid, lamellar block copolymer electrolyte for lithium batteries, by simulating conductivity through transmission electron micrographs. The electrolyte consists of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) mixed with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt (SEO/LiTFSI), where the polystyrene phase is structural phase and the poly(ethylene oxide)/LiTFSI phase is ionically conductive. The electric potential distribution is simulated in binarized micrographs by solving the Laplace equation with constant potential boundary conditions. A morphology factor, f, is reported for each image by calculating the effective conductivity relative to a homogenous conductor. Images from two samples are examined, one annealed with large lamellar grains and one unannealed with small grains. The average value of f is 0.45 ± 0.04 for the annealed sample, and 0.37 ± 0.03 for the unannealed sample, both close to the value predicted by effective medium theory, 1/2. Simulated conductivities are compared to published experimental conductivities. The value of fUnannealed/fAnnealed is 0.82 for simulations and 6.2 for experiments. Simulation results correspond well to predictions by effective medium theory but do not explain the experimental measurements. Observation of nanoscale morphology over length scales greater than the size of the micrographs (∼1 μm) may be required to explain the experimental results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 266–274.


Ab initio SCF MO calculations of the minimal and double-zeta level have been made for nitromethane, its aci tautomers and for planar and pyramidal forms of the nitromethyl anion. Calculations at the double-zeta level suggest that the most stable form of the ion is planar or near planar. Potential energy contours for the ion show that the planar form is expected to protonate on the oxygen (the observed fast reaction) whereas the pyramidal form would protonate on the carbon. This conclusion is not obvious by a comparison of the net atom charges alone. The p.e. spectrum of nitromethane has been re-assigned on the basis of our calculations; the first p.e. band is due to π ionization and the second is a combination of the two oxygen lone-pair ionizations.


Direct numerical simulations of temporally evolving plane mixing layers undergoing as many as three pairings have been examined for evidence of spanwise scale change. All simulations were begun from a few low-wavenumber disturbances, usually derived from linear stability theory, in addition to the mean velocity. The amplitude of the initial three-dimensional disturbances varied from infinitesimal to large enough to trigger a rapid transition to turbulence. The time required for a change of characteristic spanwise scale with infinitesimal three-dimensional disturbances was found to be very long, requiring three or more pairings to complete a doubling of the spanwise scale. Stronger three-dimensionality can produce more rapid scale changes, but it is also likely to trigger transition to turbulence. No evidence was found for a change from an organized array of rib vortices at one spanwise scale to a similar array at a larger spanwise scale.


The consequences of colonialism and coloniality on indigenous social, political, and economic establishment are at present a grave concern. The call to decolonise theological education curricular, intellectual setting, and infrastructures has become the norm. This article posits a framework to evaluate nuances of missionary education at the United Theological College using Grosfoguel's conceptual lens of coloniality of knowledge. The article introduces the theoretical lens that undergirds this study and describes the aforesaid scope. The essay further presents an analysis of the endeavours of the United Theological College as an example of an ecumenical college in Zimbabwe. The aim of this article is to show how the United Theological College used education to racialize and how the indigenous people are put in hierarchies and how, in this process, of coloniality of knowledge, indigenous clergy were undermined. The argument for this article is that the economic, political, or social control of indigenous clergy could not have been complete or effective without mental control. In conclusion, the essay proposes how power structures and colonised knowledge systems could be decolonised.


Diagnosis: Pulmonary mucormycosis due to Rhizopus species. A CT-guided aspiration of a right lung cavitary lesion was performed. Cytological examination revealed inflammatory cells and rare fungal hyphae. Growth on fungal medium along with characteristic microscopic features (Figure 2) confirmed Rhizopus species. Mucorales is a diverse order of fungi recently reclassified under the subphylum Mucormycotina, replacing the prior designation under Zygomycota [1]. The order is identified by the formation of zygospores for sexual reproduction and ribbon-like, aseptate hyphae [2]. Mucorales contains several genera that can cause human disease, with a comprehensive literature review identifying Rhizopus species as the most commonly recovered organism [2, 3]. Rhinocerebral and pulmonary disease are the most common presentations of this relatively rare infection [3]. Although disease can occur in a normal host, well-defined predisposing risk factors include diabetes mellitus, hematologic malignancies, renal insufficiency, organ transplantation, and the use of the iron chelator, deferoxamine [4]. The common denominators to these risk factors appear to be impaired neutrophil function and the availability of iron, which the organism uses as a growth factor [4]. More specifically, acidosis increases iron availability by decreasing its binding to transferrin, and deferoxamine acts as a siderophore to deliver usable iron to the fungi [2]. Pulmonary mucormycosis often presents with acute onset of fever (64%), cough (61%), and chest pain (37%) [4]. Less commonly, patients present with hemoptysis, which can be a cause of mortality from this known angioinvasive organism [4]. Radiologic studies reveal a predilection for the upper lobes (43%) in either a consolidative or cavitary pattern; effusions are rare [4]. An air-crescent sign may be seen on radiological examination and appears to be associated with pulmonary infarction and hemoptysis [4]. Sputum


Epidemiological data point to hepatitis as infectious deseases to public health, considering the alarming rates of the disease in Brazil. Between these, Hepatitis B(HB) stands outra for it's high prevalence and ease of infecction by the parenteral duct, needing meticulous attention during the screening made by the blood banks, which use tests to detect serological markers, such as the HBsAg and the anti-HBc. As from the year 2015, the NAT (Nucleic Acid Test) began to be used alongside sorological tests by the HEMOPA Foundation, with the purpose of improve the transfusional security for the HB. Taking this into account, this work aims to expose the prevalence of the different kinds of Viral Hepatitis in the region, using the screening from HEMOPA, in addition to investigating the impact of the acquisition of new technologies in improving transfusion safety. From the tabulation of data provided by the Marabá/PA Hemocenter and the elaboration of graphics, It was connected the number of screening tests made for HB with the number of positive tests from the studied period, comparing the periods before and after the implemantation of the NAThb. It was observed that the hepatitis were the third larger cause of the donor refusal from the infectious diseases searched for donation. Furthermore, from the total of detections, 1553 occurred before the implementation of the NAThb and 725 after this period. It concludes that HB it's very prevalent in the region, being an important factor among the refusal of donations. In addition, there was no increase in the total number of detections after the implementation of NAThb.


El Niño tiac alrvady b r o u ^ t lo ti of rain , and this sum m er it's fpoinn to bnn^ the hum of m os quitoes and other insects C ounty Sup ervising E n v iron m en tal H ealth Specialist Mike Doherty said he anticipates an increase in m os quito activity this sum m er. 'B e c a u s e of all th e w ater resid u e from all th e heavyra in s. th ere a re a lot m ore breediiq; ftrounds.'' Doherty said He said , however, th a t hom eowners can do a lot to limit th e num ber of m osquitoes Em ptyinc out con tain ers th at hold w ater, cleaning out bird b ath s and d rain in g eacese w ater are all w ays to pce«-ent mosquitoes from frowinir in your home. Doherty said Mosquitoes breed in street drains, and m reservoirs and creeks, especially in th e w et lands of north and south San Luis Obispo county. D oherty said he h asn 't received m ore reports of insect in festation th an u su al, but a n tic ip a te s m ore com p lain ts when the w eather s ta rts to hotter. The in serts and El Niño are already ha^-iiu; a large im pact on Cal Poly agricu lture David H eadrick, crop science departm ent lecturer, said it's a mixed effect. 'P p rseam ites 'w hich h arm a%'ocado tre e s ! w ere wiped out by the rain , which was a great benefit of pest control by n atu ral resources.'' H eadrick said He said El NiAo is responsi ble for the increase of insects because plant m aterial, which inserts feed on. has increased along with the am ount of w a ter He said crop science has been ready for a while for any prob lems th at might aríae 'K n ow in g th e re would be m ore rain , we prepared for more insect activity.* H eadrick said 'I t 's exactly w hat we expected, and one thing th at's im portant is th ere will be no long-term effects * H eadrick said th e d e p a rt m ent has increased th e am ount of p esticid es it p u ts on th e plants and applied some doses earlier than usual According to H eadrick, more dam age has com e from the rain than th e insects 'L o ts of things are behind because of th e heavy rain .* he said 'A lot of farm ers a re h u rt ing big tim e The prices will go u p * S an L u is f>bispo C ounty A ssista n t A gricu ltu re C om m issioner Bob Lilley agreed rain has hurt farm ers "\'egetable grow ers have been hurt pretty badly.* he said *Spring crops are usually plant-


Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 activity is controlled by the balance between MMP‐9 and its major tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We hypothesised whether Candida proteinases may affect local tissue inflammatory processes by modifying these molecules. The effects of sonicated cells and concentrated growth media of six Candida species on MMP‐9, TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 were tested. Incubated samples were analysed by Western blot and detected by enhanced chemoluminescence techniques. The residual activity of degraded TIMP‐1 was evaluated by a casein degradation assay. The proteinase activity of the microbial strains was also assessed by a fluorimetric assay, and the action of inhibitors on MMP‐14 and Candida parapsilosis Cp2 was demonstrated. Cell fractions of both strains of C. parapsilosis exerted a weak ability to convert 92‐kDa proMMP‐9 to 86‐kDa active form. Cell fractions of both strains of Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis Cp2, Candida glabrata reference strain, and both strains of Candida krusei fragmented TIMP‐1 (28 kDa) to a 24‐kDa species, which associated with reduced inhibitory activity on MMP‐9 caseinolysis. Our findings indicate that Candida can participate in tissue inflammation by modifying the host's MMP‐9 and their inhibitors. A rapid fluorimetric assay can be adapted for Candida proteinases.


2 sheets 7.5 x 10.5 inch letterhead. Handwritten and inscribed in blue ink. Rust mark from the paperclip does not obscure content.


The times demand a restatement of the nature and office of the Ohristian ministry, not that the times are any more out of joint than past times have been. By no means. This is a glorious epoch for Christian service; but the demands on the preacher are now so many and so many sided, there is danger that the emphasis of duty may be misplaced. In every age and in every place God's messengers, consciously or unconsciously, owe all true success to those elements of power that, during the Theocracy, made the prophets the noblest interpreters of the Lord. It is this prophetic side of the preacher's calling that needs to be made more conspicuous, for in our pulpits to-day it is the prophetic note that is most wanting. What amazing men those old prophets were. Standing with naked souls in the pure fire of heaven's Shekinah they seem enshrouded in a vast and awful solitude. The high loneliness of the chief elect is theirs: What to common men are necessities to them are as nothing. Little reck they of the favor of kings or the fettered tyranny of priestly power. We men looking back upon them after the lapse of the centuries think of these burning and shining lights as beings of another world, and yet they were to their generation what 'every true herald of the Gospel of .Jesus Christ must be to his, for the prophet was essentially a preacher, just as the preacher, to be divinely successful, must be at the heart of things a prophet.


In this paper the author explores Susan Bassnett's view on theatre translation.Before 1985 Bassnett following the research of theatre semiotics holds that performability should be a prerequisite for theatre translator.However,after 1985,she refutes her former view and puts forward that theatre translator should focus more on linguistic and paralinguistic aspects of theatre text instead of the "loose and woolly concept" of performability.Based on the exploration,the author advances her own view on performability.


The utility model discloses an air conditioner air flue component and a vertical air conditioner indoor unit. The air conditioner air file component comprises a volute element and a first volute tongue. The volute element comprises a first air flue and a second air flue, wherein the first air flue and the second air flue correspond to two cross flow wind wheels respectively and are symmetrically arranged. The first volute tongue is arranged in the first air flue and is connected with the volute element in a buckled mode, and a volute tongue face is used as a part of the first air flue. According to the air conditioner air flue component and the vertical air conditioner indoor unit, the volute tongue only needs to be independently machined and then is assembled with the volute element, so that die cost is reduced, the machining precision of the volute tongue face and the accurate gap between the volute tongue and the cross flow wind wheels are ensured, the assembly precision among the volute, the volute tongue and the cross flow wind wheels is improved, and the air outlet effect of the air conditioner is improved.


The present work describes two novel magnetic composite catalysts, synthesized by functionalizing the silica/iron oxide composite surface with sulfaguanidine and sulfadiazine. The sulfaguanidine functionalized catalyst was found to be very efficient for multicomponent coupling reactions of phenylacetylene with various aldehydes and amines. The sulfadiazine functionalized catalyst was successfully applied in the synthesis of various 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes in water. Both the sulfaguanidine and sulfadiazine functionalized catalysts were very active and selective in the alkylation of toluene with benzyl chloride.


The invention provides a crane, a method for controlling the tension of a steel wire rope and a hydraulic system, and the crane, the method and the system can be used for solving the problems of low stability and low work efficiency of the conventional stretchable arm type crane with a super-lifting winding mechanism during stretching of a lifting arm in the prior art. The hydraulic system comprises a master reversing valve, a switching valve, a check valve, a backpressure valve and a hydraulic motor, wherein the master reversing valve is used for leading hydraulic oil into or out of the hydraulic system; the hydraulic motor is used for outputting power to a traction device of the steel wire rope; a first end of the switching valve is communicated with a first oil outlet of the master reversing valve; the inlet of the check valve is communicated with the outlet of the backpressure valve; a second end of the switching valve is communicated with the second oil outlet of the master reversing valve and a first end of the hydraulic motor; and the inlet of the backpressure valve is communicated with the outlet of the check valve and a second end of the hydraulic motor.


The complex relationality between inheritance of the socialist past, the socioeconomic transitional present characterised by extractivist capitalism, and a future marked by species extinction, produces post-socialist necroecologies. On one hand, relationally devastating resource extraction produces necroecological non-becoming through its meontopolitics; on the other hand, there are mass movements calling for the cessation of that extraction and for an ontopolitics of becoming other than those causing environmental destruction.
This article concerns the non-philosophical reduction of the metaphysical presuppositions of these environmental material-semiotic practices in contemporary Serbia, showing that they are grounded in ontological pairs of non-becoming and becoming. To think about the post-socialist necroecological material-semiotic condition in a non-philosophical key means thinking about it neither relationally nor non-relationally, neither through non-becoming or becoming, but unilaterally, through heno-humaneity and beyond Western metaphysics.


Alpha Centauri, a three-star system just 4 light-years away that is the sun9s nearest neighbor, ought to be a great place to look for Earth-like planets. But last week, at a meeting of the European Astronomical Society here, astronomers lamented that the system has so far thwarted discovery efforts—and announced new schemes to probe it. The two sunlike stars, Alpha Centauri A and B, orbit each other closely while Proxima Centauri, a tempestuous red dwarf, hangs onto the system tenuously in a much more distant orbit. In 2016, astronomers discovered an Earth-mass planet around Proxima Centauri, but few think the planet, blasted by radiation and fierce stellar winds, is habitable. Astrobiologists believe the other two stars are more likely to host temperate, Earth-like worlds.


Nylon 6 has been toughened by rubber particles that were dispersed within the matrix via additives that physically interact with the elastomer phase but chemically react with the polyamide phase. To disperse a core-shell impact modifier having a poly(methyl methacrylate) or PMMA shell, most of the work presented is based on the use of a styrene/acrylic acid copolymer containing 8 wt% acrylic acid, SAA8. SAA8 is miscible with PMMA and should located in the PMMA grafted chains of the impact modifier while chemically reacting with the nylon 6 matrix; hence, it should aid in both the dispersal and strenghtening the modifier-matrix interface. Microscopy and mechnical properties confirm that SAA8 does function in this way but less effectively than styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers, which are also miscible with PMMA but evidently react more effectively with the polyamides. The use of ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer for dispersal of the coreshell impact modifier and a styrene/ethylene-butene/styrene block copolymer in nylon 6 was also briefly considered. Low-temperature toughness of the blends proved to be a much more critical test of the effectiveness of such additives than room temperature impact strenght.


For a positive integer r and graphs G and H, we denote by G + H the disjoint union of G and H, and by rH the union of r mutually disjoint copies of H. Also, we say G is H-free if H is not isomorphic to an induced subgraph of G. We use Pt to denote the path on t vertices. For a fixed positive integer k, the List-k-Coloring Problem is to decide, given a graph G and a list L(v) ⊆ {1, . . . , k} of colors assigned to each vertex v of G, whether G admits a proper coloring φ with φ(v) ∈ L(v) for every vertex v of G, and the k-Coloring Problem is the List-k-Coloring Problem restricted to instances with L(v) = {1, . . . , k} for every vertex v of G. We prove that for every positive integer r, the List-5-Coloring Problem restricted to rP3-free graphs can be solved in polynomial time. Together with known results, this gives a complete dichotomy for the complexity of the List-5-Coloring Problem restricted to H-free graphs: For every graph H, assuming P 6=NP, the List-5-Coloring Problem restricted to Hfree graphs can be solved in polynomial time if and only if H is an induced subgraph of either rP3 or P5 + rP1 for some positive integer r. As a hardness counterpart, we also show that the k-Coloring Problem restricted to rP4-free graphs is NP-complete for all k ≥ 5 and r ≥ 2.


Eppley Laboratory, Inc., pyranometers and pyrgeometers have built-in temperature compensation circuitry designed to limit relative errors in the measurement of radiation to +2% for a temperature range of -20°C to +40°C. A procedure developed to verify this specification and to determine the relative sensitivity to temperatures below -20°C is described. Results of this calibration and application to data correction are also presented.


MIMO radar is a new concept that has recently been proposed as an extension to the multi-static radar concept. In the following paper we apply the concept of direct position determination (DPD) to MIMO radar in order to explore the effect of the transmit diversity on the target position determination accuracy. It is shown that under low signal to noise ratio (SNR) conditions the results of the MIMO radar DPD improve the estimation accuracy by more than an order of magnitude with respect to conventional, geolocation method.


As autonomous vehicles are going to find their ways on streets in near future, they will have a significant impact on dynamics of urban areas. For instance, reducing streets' lane width, increasing public spaces, sidewalk and bike lane width, restrictions on roads based on real-time demand, managing traffic gaps, setting lower speed limits and assuring pedestrians and bikes safety with the ability to detect them, are some of the possible changes in future urban areas [1]. Various researchers have studied the technology, adaption rate, demands, etc. of autonomous vehicles. However, according to a survey for recognizing the barriers to cities' AV efforts, the unclarity of issues that require city action has still remained as one of the biggest obstacles for preparing cities for autonomous vehicles [2]. This proposed study aims to concentrate on features of future streets and autonomous vehicles' traffic parameters that relate to pedestrians. We quantify the effects of specific AV traffic parameters and future streets' geometric designs on pedestrians' walking behaviour. To do so a virtual Reality based experimental design is generated. To observe the effects of multiple attribute simultaneously, an optimal design will be designed. In optimal designs, an efficient combination of attribute levels to be tested in the experiment is defined. After generating an experimental design, it is important to implement the design in a way that participants fully understand and realistically take part in the experiment. To improve realism of experiments, visual information can be used. Virtual Reality (VR) tools have made it possible to create an immersive and controlled environment. Scenarios used in experiments may be difficult or impossible to apply on real roads, due to reasons such as dangerous implementations or lack of infrastructures. VR simulator allows running such


The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of non-Filipino majors on out-of-field teaching. Employing phenomenological research design, in-depth interview and focus group discussion, this study revealed that out-of-field teaching is present among all schools. The findings revealed that out-of-field teachers had diverse experiences such as: compliance and submission, lack of aptitude for the language, lack of administrative and logistics support, inability to muster enthusiasm and establish rapport, and frustration and insecurity. In order to cope with the challenges posed by out-of-field teaching, the participants employed different mechanisms: being resourceful and creative, being diligent and conscientious, making instruction stimulating for students, and being calm and collected. It was found out that proper teacher placement is essential to counter problems with out-of-field teaching. Student learning can be seriously compromised with out-of-field teaching. However, teaching the subject out of expertise broadened the horizon of teachers. When assigned to teach in a school, teachers have a calling to be flexible and versatile.


The current status of the experimental knowledge of $\Bs$ meson physics is reviewed. Results from LEP and CDF on the width difference $\dgs$ are presented, the corresponding average is found to be in good agreement with the present theoretical estimation. The $\Bs$ oscillations have not yet been resolved, despite the progress recently achieved by SLD and ALEPH. The world combination, including results from the LEP experiments, SLD and CDF, is presented, together with the expected and observed lower limit on the $\Bs$ oscillation frequency. A tantalizing hint of an oscillation is observed around $\dms\sim17 \psin$, near future results could increase the significance of this hint.


First-generation college students often experience greater social alienation and marginalization due to a mismatch of their cultural values compared to those of their university and often report lower academic satisfaction and sense of belonging. The effects on sense of belonging and satisfaction are intensified when first-generation college students have identities that intersect with other stigmatized social and cultural identities, like low socioeconomic status, Black or Latinx racial identities or religious identities, specifically for STEM majors. Students' holistic health and well-being, including their sense of belonging, is highly correlated to their academic achievement, persistence, and overall student success, especially for underrepresented minority groups. However, there has been limited consideration for the nuanced experiences of first-generation college students with multiple stigmatized identities, and for how the academic STEM environment shapes student's perceptions of inclusivity considering their social identities. To address these concerns, we used the Bioecological Systems theory to contextualize drivers of sense of belonging for students with stigmatized social and cultural identities by allowing space to explicitly consider institutional, departmental, classroom and societal-level phenomena that may operate to erode or fortify belonging for some individuals over others. Findings were organized contextually first, revealing how broader societal and familial values shaped their perceptions of their first-generation identity. Next, we reported how various forms of engagement and interactions with institutional agents impacted their perceptions of support at the institutional level. We then documented behavioral patterns within STEM departments that culminated to reveal how first-generation college students' sense of belonging was impacted by perceived departmental culture. Last, we revealed interactions within STEM classrooms that signaled inclusivity through humanizing and intentional pedagogical practices. Infused throughout all findings are instances where student experiences were mediated through their multiple identities and were shaped by dual global pandemics of 2020, that being COVID-19 and the racial unrest resurfaced by the murder of George Floyd. Implications for this work have the potential to restructure how institutions provide support for first-generation college students given the salience of their intersecting stigmatized identities in shaping their institutional, disciplinary, and classroom belonging.


We investigate the instantaneous impact phenomenon due to the collision between the manipulator and the environment for kinematically redundant manipulators. First, we define a normalized impact geometry in the viewpoint of normalized velocity change. We then reduce the impulsive effects under uncertain environment for redundant manipulators. A new impact performance index based on velocity direction is proposed. Finally, the performance of the proposed index is demonstrated by numerical examples and experiments.


For the past three decades, bulk niobium has been the material of choice for SRF cavities applications. In recent years, RF cavity performance has approached the theoretical limit for bulk niobium. To further improve RF cavity performance for future accelerator projects an interesting alternative has been recently proposed by A. Gurevich, a Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor multilayer. This approach uses the benefit of the higher critical field Hc2 of higher-Tc superconductors without being limited with their lower Hc1 thereby avoiding early flux penetration. JLab is pursuing this approach with the development of multilayer structures based on NbTiN via magnetron sputtering and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS). Insulators such as, AlN, Al2O3 and MgO are being investigated as candidates for the insulator layers. This paper presents the preliminary results on the characteristics of NbTiN and insulator layers and a first attempt of a NbTiN-based multilayer structure on bulk Nb and thick Nb films.


Ionic liquid-based poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) proton-conducting polymer electrolytes are prepared using solution casting technique. The effect of adding 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (BmImI) ionic liquid into PVA-ammonium acetate polymer system is investigated in this work. Ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes is increased by two orders of magnitude upon inclusion of 70 wt% of BmImI. Addition of ionic liquid reduces the glass transition temperature and crystallinity of polymer electrolytes. Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are assembled using dip-coating technique. The electrochemical properties of fabricated EDLCs are analysed using cyclic voltammetry.


According to the features of the PLG filling stations,combining with the accumulative experence in the factural work,the paper analyzes the hidden dangers of the safety management at the PLG filling stations and their problems in the factual work,and points out some respective inspection measures,so as to ensure the safety.


This paper deals with the mathematical modeling and availability analysis of crystallization system of a sugar plant. The crystallization system of sugar plant consists of three subsystems with three possible states: full working, reduced capacity working and failure. Failure and Repair rates for all the subsystems are assumed to be constant. Formulation of the problem is carried out using Markov Birth-Death process using probabilistic approach and a transition diagram represents the operational behavior of the system. Interrelationship among the full working and reduced working states has been developed. A probabilistic model has been developed, considering some assumptions. Data in feasible range has been selected from a survey of sugar plant and the effect of each subsystem on the system availability is tabulated in the form of availability matrices, which provides various availability levels for different combinations of failure and repair rates of all subsystems.


Reconstruction of 3D scenes from digital holograms is an important task in different areas of science, such as biology, medicine, ecology, etc. A lot of parameters, such as the object's shape, number, position, rate and density, can be extracted. However, reconstruction of off-axis and especially inline holograms can be challenging due to the presence of optical noise, zero-order image and twin image. We have used a deep-multibranch neural network model, which we call HoloForkNet, to reconstruct different 2D sections of a 3D scene from a single inline hologram. This paper describes the proposed method and analyzes its performance for different types of objects. Both computer-generated and optically registered digital holograms with resolutions up to 2048 × 2048 pixels were reconstructed. High-quality image reconstruction for scenes consisting of up to eight planes was achieved. The average structural similarity index (SSIM) for 3D test scenes with eight object planes was 0.94. The HoloForkNet can be used to reconstruct 3D scenes consisting of micro- and macro-objects.


The HeI photoelectron spectra of fluoroacetone, 1,1,1‐trifluoroacetone, 1,1,1‐trichlorotrifluoroacetone, 1,1,3‐trichlorotrifluoroacetone, 1,1,3,3‐tetrafluoroacetone, 1‐chloro‐1,1,3,3‐tetrafluoroacetone, chloropentafluoroacetone, chloroacetone, and 3‐bromo‐1,1,1‐trifluoroacetone have been determined and the vertical ionization energies measured. They have been compared with ionization energies calculated by CNDO/2 and MO assignments of the bands have been made on this basis. A correlation between the oxygen lone pair ionization energy and the number of fluorines substituted was observed. This paralleled a correlation between the width at half‐peak height of the lone pair band and the lone pair ionization energy. The carbonyl stretching frequencies were determined and also found to correlate with the oxygen lone pair ionization energy. The linear plot suggested that the oxygen lone pair ionization energies are related to the sum of the effective electronegativities of the substituents. The first chlorine lo...


Aim at describing the method of making the NAND FLASH work by coding.Firstly the architecture of NAND FLASH is talked.Then the programming process,which is the difference between NAND FLASH and other storage media,is discussed.In the same time,the erase operation is also introduced.After aclear image of the whole frame of NAND FLASH is built,concepts and details will meet at the coding progress to support NAND FLASH is accounted for specifically.It is complicated to support NAND FLASH by coding,however it is not so difficult as long as know the work style of NAND FLASH.


With use of the coherent-state formalism, general expressions are presented for arbitrary massless quark and gluon jet cross sections. Also, normalized probability distributions are given for the jet transverse momentum which take due account of correlations imposed by the momentum conservation. These results are used to discuss successfully the SPEAR data of Hanson et al. between 3 and 7.8 GeV.


Quantum key distribution (QKD) has emerged as a revolutionary technique that can ensure unconditionally secure communication between two distant parties, referred to as Alice and Bob, by exploiting the fundamental principles of quantum physics. Here, we report experimental demonstration of a fully automated QKD system based on the BB84 protocol. A weak coherent pulse source is developed to generate stream of polarization encoded single photons. Our QKD system demonstrates a low QBER of ∼1.2% with sifted key generation rate of ∼70 Kbps at an average photon number per pulse of $\mu=0.11$. The final secure key rate of ∼33 Kbps is achieved after performing post processing procedures viz. error correction and privacy amplification. The quantum communication link is established continuously for several hours and the performance is evaluated iteratively. The developed QKD system is shown to have the capability of distributing cryptographic keys securely and seamlessly, under practical operating conditions. Furthermore, we have successfully demonstrated unconditionally secure transmission and reception of an image between Alice and Bob connected over an unsecured public channel by utilizing quantum cryptography.


The low temperature in the storage processes can vary in the range of +4°C to -80°C and even lower, using liquid nitrogen. Depending on this, the time for which we expect the microbial culture to remain viable also changes. Agar slant culture, covered with oil, stab culture, saline suspension, glycerol and DMSO preservation, drying on silica gel, drying on soil, sterile water, lyophilization, cryopreservation, etc. are methods employed for the preservation of microorganisms. However, the choice of method to be used depends on the type of microorganism, the purpose of storage, and duration of preservation. The aim of the study is to compare storage techniques using semisolid agar and cultivation at 4°C and using BHI broth with glycerol and cultivation at -20°C. These are two commonly used and accessible methods for bacteria and yeast preservation. After performing the storage procedure for a total of 18 strains of S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans, we re-cultivated them after two and six months of preservation. From the obtained results, we can conclude that the storage of bacteria at 4°C on semisolid agar for up to 8 weeks is successful, in C. albicans, one of the tested six strains did not survive. After 6 months, another strain of the yeasts did not show growth, as well as one of the sixth E. coli strains. Storing microbes at -20°C with a cryoprotectant has proven to be a more successful method. This was an expected result, and other authors commented that lower storage temperatures provide longer life for microorganisms.


1. Rabeya Y, Rapiaah M, Rosline H, Ahmed SA, Zaidah WA, Roshan TM. Blood pre-donation deferrals – A teaching hospital experience. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2008;39:571-4. 2. Bahadur S, Jain S, Goel RK, Pahuja S, Jain M. Analysis of blood donor deferral characteristics in Delhi, India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2009;40:1087-91. 3. Chander A, Pahwa VK. Status of infectious disease markers among blood donors in a teaching hospital, Bhairahawa, Western Nepal. J Commun Dis 2003;35:188-97. 4. Dipta TF, Kamrojjaman M, Rahman SM, Akhter P, Jahan N, Sultan M, et al. ABO and rhesus D blood grouping prevalence and polymorphism among blood donors in a tertiary specialized diabetic hospital in Dhaka city. Banglad J Transfus Med 2012;3:4-10. Status of Deferred Donors During Fasting Month in Bangladesh


A detection kit of multiindex protein for diagnosing cardiovascular disease is prepared as having base plate and reaction holes on it set on reaction hole plate; including 12-200 sample holes and 5-8 standard piece holes in said reaction holes as each reaction hole bottom being set with solid phase carrier; enveloping micro lattice of eight antibody as anti-CRP, anti-Myoglobin, anti-cTnI, anti-cTnT, anti-NT-proBNP, anti-CK-MB, anti-H-FABP and anti-GPBB on said carrier for accurately diagnose said disease in multiple man-share.


Objective To study the relationship of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) with renal function and abnormality of circadian rhythm of blood pressure in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods 108 CKD patients and 18 hypertensive controls were selected.The CKD patients were divided into three groups:CKDⅠ-Ⅱstage group 21 patients,CKDⅢstage group 42 patients and CKDⅣ-Ⅴstage group 45 patients according to the different glomerular filtration rates(GFR).Fluorescence immunoassay was used to detect the plasma BNP in the two groups.Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed with a portable hemadynamometer (CB-1804-B),WABP180B software was used to analyze the 24-hour data.The relationship of BNP level to renal function and circadian rhythm of blood pressure was analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,GFR,proportion of dipper-type blood pressure significantly decreased, while BNP level,nocturnal systolic pressure,diastolic pressure and proportion of non-dipper-type blood pressure increased significantly in patients of CKD group.Multivariate regression analysis showed that GFR and abnormality of circadian rhythm of bood pressure were the risk factors influencing BNP.Conclusion The decline of GFR level independently elevates the BNP level in CKD patients.Although renal dysfunction itself may affect the BNP concentration,abnormality of circadian rhythm of blood pressure is a risk factor influencing rise of BNP level.


The episode of the legendary Hercules who, in an attack of blind passion, destroyed what were considered the founding principles of the social tie, introduces the issue of treatment of aff ectivity in anthropology. The article notes that the interest in aff ectivity in the human sciences implies not only the emergence of a new analytic fi eld about an important aspect of social activity, but also a refl ection on the modalities of knowledge in these disciplines. In fact, to propose the aff ective dimension as an analytic object has consequences in terms of how to approach knowledge, because the very existence of an aff ective dimension obliges us to rethink the cognitive dimension inherent in the act of knowledge. In this paper I propose some methodological elements for refl ection derived from these ideas.


A modifi ed subcranial approach based upon the procedure fi rst described by Joram Raveh is a viable alternative to standard craniofacial resection for treating pathology of the anterior skull base. It is basically an extradural approach providing wide exposure to the anterior skull base with minimal brain retraction; thus decreasing signifi cantly the morbidity. We present here two cases of a rare benign pathology of anterior skull base— naso-orbito-ethmoid encephalocele wherein this technique was used successfully.


on p. 37 and in a footnote on p. 35 the statement made by the Chairman of Council at the end of the S.R.M. giving hzs understanding of what the R.B.'s decision meant. We invited three doctors to take part in a discussion on the implications of Chambers for the profession. Dr. W. G. A. Riddle (left of photograph), a general practitioner from Newcastle, is secretary to the North of England Branch, a member of the G.M.S. Committee and the Organization Committee: he is also deputy treasurer to the G.M.S. Defence Trust. Mr. R. W. Hiles (centre) comes from Bristol, where he is a consultant in plastic


Harmonic Prym differentials and their periods classes play the big role in contemporary theory functions on compact Riemann surfaces. In this paper is investigated harmonic Prym bundle, whose fibre is space of harmonic Prym differentials on variable compact Riemann surfaces. Proven that cohomology Gunning bundle, which connect with periods classes, are real analytically isomorphic harmonic Prym bundle over product Teichmueller space and a space of nontrivial normalized characters.


Objective To investigate in vivo the expression of Bcl-2 of a drug-resistant cell line of choriocarci-noma transfected by human tumor necrosis factor-α(hTNF-α) gene via the establishment of its nude mice model.Methods 18 nude mice were injected subcutaneously with choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3,drag-resistant choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3/VP2,and hTNF-α-transfected drug-resistant choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3/ VP2/hTNF-α,respectively.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Hematoxylin-eosine(H-E) strain and immunohistochemistry method were applied in order to study apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 in said choriocarcinoma plant tumor cells.Results Expression of hTNF-α gene was observed in plant tumor tissue implanted with JEG-3/VP2 /hTNF-α cell line.The number of Bcl-2(+) cells in JEG-3/VP2/hTNF-α group were significantly less than in JEG-3/VP2 group,and the number of apoptosis cells in JEG-3/VP2/hTNF-α group were significantly more than in JEG-3/VP2 group.The numbers of Bcl-2(+) cells and apoptosis cells in JEG-3/VP2/ hTNF-α group were close to those in JEG-3 group.Conclusion Production of Bcl-2 of drug-resistant choriocar-cinoma cell line JEG-3/VP2 with transfection of hTNF-α gene was decreased,and it may be promoted apoptosis of drug-resistant choriocarcinoma cells.


Abstract Limit state design was introduced into some standards in the early 1970s followed by expansion of limit state design into all our structural standards. With pad footings, limit state design is only applied to the structural design components such as thickness of the footing, size and distribution of reinforcement required to resist moments and shear forces. However, the size, ie. contact area of the footing required to transmit column loads is determined by working strength techniques whereby a predetermined allowable soil bearing pressureqa is used to transmit the applied permanent action (dead) loads(G) and superimposed action (live) loads (Q). There appears to be a contradiction in two different approaches applied concurrently in footing design. This article considers the application of limit state design method for determining size of rectangular pad footings.


The subjectivity of translators has been ignored due to traditional linguistic translation theories;thereby the horizon of translation study has been quite limited.But thanks to the theoretical basis provided by modern schools of thought,the subjectivity of translators is set free,especially in the following three respects: translators' subjective choice of source texts,translators' interpretation of source texts and translators' creation of target texts.


Summary Arterial compliance as a term has been known in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system since the beginning of the 17th century. For many years it has been underrated because of the predominant view that the development of arterial hypertension is determined by the systemic resistance, which is reflected in diastolic blood pressure level, the main factor for cardiovascular complications. This view has been modified in the recent decade after the publication of the results of large randomized trials in patients with isolated systolic hypertension. In patients over 55 years of age blood pressure, an indirect marker of arterial stiffness has been found to be the strongest risk factor. For this reason the focus of interest has been shifted from vascular resistance to elastic properties of the arteries. The present paper discusses the basics of morphology and pathophysiology of changes in the elastic properties of the arteries (stiffening), defines basic indices of arterial compliance and mathematical background. A chapter will be devoted to the effects of increased arterial stiffness on heart pathology and clinical implications of measuring this parameter. A state-of-the-art section will describe the relationship between arterial compliance and several physiological and pathological factors (sex, ageing, arterial hypertension, endocrine and metabolic dysfunction) as well as therapeutic interference with arterial compliance.


Although information system (IS) is perceived as a tool to enhance and leverage productivity in organizations and improve the quality of health services, its effectiveness and efficiencies are still unproven in health organizations. This paper proposes a conceptual model to study the impacts of Clinical Information Systems (CIS) on the practices of the nurses using the system. Moreover, it aims to explore the influence of such changes and impacts on healthcare service quality provided by them to patients. The model improves our knowledge that what features of a CIS will influence nurses' practices in a hospital and what are these impacts. Moreover, this research will improve our understanding of the influences of such impacts on the healthcare service quality. The paper assists practitioners to design CIS and e-health systems in such a way that they meet the requirements of health professionals in their daily practices and operations.


Background and Purpose— It is not known whether cerebral vasoprotective mechanisms in females include increased function of arterial K+ channels. We hypothesized that vasodilator responses mediated by activation of inwardly rectifying K+ (KIR) channels are greater in cerebral arteries of female versus male rats and that this is due to the effects of estrogen. Methods— Changes in basilar artery diameter were measured with a cranial window preparation in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Results— K+ (5 and 10 mmol/L) caused greater vasodilatation in females (percent maximum, 21±3% and 58±7%, respectively) versus males (11±1% and 37±4%, respectively; P <0.05). In contrast, vasodilator responses to aprikalim (1 and 3 &mgr;mol/L) or acetylcholine (ACh, 1 and 10 &mgr;mol/L) did not differ between the genders. The selective KIR channel inhibitor barium ion (30 &mgr;mol/L) decreased basilar artery diameter in males but not females (−7±1% versus −2±1%, P <0.05) and selectively inhibited K+-induced vasodilatation by ≈50% in both groups. Ovariectomy of female rats resulted in smaller vasodilator effects of K+, and chronic treatment of these rats with 17&bgr;-estradiol (0.01 mg/kg per day for 7 days) normalized K+-induced vasodilatation. Furthermore, the selective M2 muscarinic ACh receptor antagonist methoctramine (1 &mgr;mol/L) increased responses to K+ in males to levels equivalent to responses in females but had no effect on responses to K+ in females. Conclusions— K+ is a more powerful vasodilator in the female versus male cerebral circulation. This difference is estrogen dependent and could be due to a lack of M2 muscarinic ACh receptor–induced inhibition of KIR channel activation by K+ in female cerebral arteries.


Although a major part of marine microplastic (MP) pollution originates from rivers and streams, the mechanistic behavior of MP in fluvial systems is only poorly understood. MP enter fluvial systems from e.g. waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, sewer overflows during heavy rain events, agricultural runoff, aerial input/atmospheric fallout, road runoff or via fragmentation of plastic litter. As part of this project we want to investigate the hydrodynamic transport mechanisms that control the behavior and re-distribution of MP in open channel flow and the streambed sediments. Hydrodynamic conditions in open channel flow are represented in an experimental flume environment.  Different porous media materials (e.g. aqua beads, glass beads and sand) are used in the flume experiments to shape typical bed form structures such as riffle-pool sequences, ripples and dunes. The aim of this experimental setup is to create hydrodynamic flow conditions such as hydraulic jumps, low and high flow velocity environments for which the transport and sedimentation behavior of MP can be investigated under realistic conditions. Hydrodynamic flow conditions in the flume are characterized using a Laser-Doppler-Anemometry (LDA) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Detection and tracking of fluorescent MP-particles in open channel flow and in porous media will be achieved with a fluorescence-camera-system.


it is clear that the frontiersman's approach to the frontier environment is anything but adaptive. We now know from new settlers' practical experiences that the Amazon basin is particularly unsuited for large-scale sedentary (as distinct from shifting or long-fallow) agriculture as well as for ranching. Yet these nonetheless remain the predominant economic orientations of Amazonian colonization efforts. The "cake of custom" is not broken by the frontiering experience. Rather, colonization entails the bull-headed pursuit of land use strategies traditional in the metropolis, no matter how counterproductive they are in the new environment. This is further demonstrated by the Dust Bowl disaster in U.S. history, which originated when the myth that "rain follows the plow" was used to promote sedentary agricultural colonization of arid lands. The colonist remains the recognizable product of the society from which he springs, and the society he creates in a new place will approximate the original as closely as is possible (see Opie in Nichols's American Frontier and Western Issues, as well as Baker and Kopytoff). The volumes examined here obviously do not exhaust the possibilities for testing the Turner thesis, but they clearly suggest that the Turnerian approach is not very useful. Kopytoff remarks that the findings of the studies in his collection, The African Frontier, stand Turner on his head. I would suggest that they do more than that, as do those of Baker, Hemming, Schmink and Wood, Cayton, and Marshall— they suggest that we should drop Turnerian buzzwords and strike out anew. One impression generated by the studies reviewed here is that frontier intrusion can be both humanly and environmentally destructive. The expansion of civilized society into forested frontiers has always entailed the destruction or massive disruption of forest ecosystems. Civilized societies tend to regard nature as a thing to be used; "wild" or unsettled forest is a hostile realm pending its economic development. The Amazonian case aptly illustrates this point, and with a particular poignancy, as the region's "development" is contemporary and continuing, even though the deleterious consequences of development are now understood both within the country and worldwide. This was not the case with earlier frontiers. The Amazonian texts reviewed here do an admirable job of detailing the impact of intrusion on ecosystems, and revealing the sociopolitical context in which intrusion takes place (Schmink and Wood, and Hemming). The destruction of Amazonia does not reflect merely the greed of South American nations claiming a share of the region, but also the international economy that makes such destruction profitable, and even imperative, if the affected nations are to obtain credit in the international market (Hemming). Moreover, to justify their actions, the Amazonian nations may reasonably point to the abysmal record of ecological destruction amassed by every other modern nation. The problem is one of human civilization per se, rather than of local intransigence, or of industrialization (as suggested by Mendes in Hemming, vol. 1). The processes now going on in the Amazon have already gone on elsewhere (see Baker on India). The concept of a frontier is an artifact of civilization. Civilized people define the frontier— as an undeveloped, uninhabited, wild zone — in opposition to the way they define themselves. All the various definitions of both civilization and its opposites are advanced by people calling themselves civilized, who therefore see civilization as fundamentally positive. Yet the history of forested frontiers suggests that such uniformly favorable views of civilization may not always be useful in dealing conceptually and practically with the problems to which civilized life gives rise. Whatever else civilization may be, it is a system by which an elite minority extorts wealth, labor, and talent from a less-privileged majority to support the elite's leisured life-style, the political structures keeping the elite in power, and, if necessary, even to pay the costs of coercing and policing the majority into economic performance and political submission. In other words, civilization is a system of exploitation. Because elites are costly to maintain, and because crude exploitation is inefficient and destructive, a civilization can survive only by expanding, either in crude territorial terms or in the subtle terms of the international economy. In expanding, it deputizes others to exploit new populations and lands. In short, the exploitation of nature by the most apparently efficient and profitable methods, at least for the short term, is inherent in civilized practice and is complementary to the exploitation of human beings. In this system, diminishing returns in one region merely encourage a new destructive intrusion into a farther region. Frontier peoples who cannot be profitably subjugated and exploited, or who refuse to submit, become mere objects to be removed from the path of progress. Hence the tragedy of indigenous peoples on every frontier. But a civilization's own population is similarly victimized. The land scarcity that induces poorer colonists to penetrate a frontier is usually only relative. Land is scarce because the best land has already been engrossed by elites (Marshal, Cayton, Baker, Schmink and Wood, and Hemming). Poor settlers have access only to new land that elites do not care immediately to take for themselves. Once the pioneer has developed the new land, i.e., initiated its ecological degradation, he often loses control through elite financial mechanisms and must then either sink into the group of poorly paid landless laborers or move to a farther frontier (see Marshall, Cayton, Schmink and Wood). Apparently civilized humanity by its very nature must expand demographically and geographically. As civilized economies are generally wasteful, owing to the inefficiency of exploitation, their geographic expansion is also inefficient and destructive. The frontier zone becomes a focal point for this destrUctive inefficiency. On the frontier, inefficiency is made recalcitrant by innate cultural conservatism.


Purpose – Despite evidence that exposure to traumatic events can be an important antecedent to a range of serious and chronic mental health problems – it appears that within the British National Health Service at least, this is still not fully understood nor acted upon. This paper aims to examine this evidence and asks why these findings have not been fully implemented in terms of updating practice.Design/methodology/approach – A literature search was undertaken alongside relevant British DH policy. This resulted in a subsequent policy analysis.Findings – Although there have recently been changes in recommendation in clinical practice (e.g. CPA guidance) and policy (No Health without Mental Health) it appears that although some knowledge in this area has been changed into policy, its implementation remains "patchy".Practical implications – This short paper outlines some of the evidence, examines current issues and highlights a possible pathway which might be of value in addressing this.Originality/value –...


External beam radiation therapy is widely used by doctors around the world as one of the most common form of cancer treatment. The radiotherapy can help reduce the treatment aggression as compared with the surgical intervention in a large number of clinical situations, which ensures that the patient's quality of life will be decreased to a lesser extent in the after-treatment period. However, like the vast majority of anticancer treatments, the radiation therapy has a number of side effects, which are classified into acute radiation reactions and post-radiation injuries. Among them is radiation dermatitis, which is one of the most common adverse reactions to the radiotherapy. This complication manifests as erythema, as well as hyperpigmentation, dry and itchy skin, hair loss. In addition to the obvious negative impact on the patient's quality of life, some of the above factors can result in the development of a secondary skin infection. As one of the most frequent post-radiation complications, radiation dermatitis places radiotherapists before a challenge to reduce the incidence rates of this side effect, as well as to decrease the intensity of its clinical manifestations if it occurs. This challenge suggests the search for targeted drugs aimed to prevent and treat clinical symptoms. To date, dermatocosmetic products that are used to relieve skin manifestations of radiation treatment complications is an alternate option of the effective solution to the problem of radiation dermatitis. In the described clinical case, we assess the experience of using some of the dermatocosmetic products in a patient with a florid form of radiation dermatitis.


The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising PD-1 antagonist and an EGFR Inhibitor. The present combination can be administered independently or separately, in a quantity which is jointly therapeutically effective for the treatment of cancer. The invention also provides the use of such a combination for the manufacture of a medicament; the use of such a combination as amedicine; a kit of part comprising such a combination; and a method of treatment of such a combination.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a nutrition education and personalized lunch service program in a senior welfare center. A total of 30 elderly (14 males, 16 females) aged 62~89 years participated in this study. Nutrition education lessons (2 hour/lesson/week) were provided for 4 weeks. Also, ten weeks from week 3rd to week 12th, personalized lunch providing 1/3 personal needed energy was served 5 times for a week. After the nutrition intervention program, we compared anthropometric characteristics, blood biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary intake using 24 hr recall with those before the intervention. The body weight (p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) were decreased. There were significant increases in score of nutrition knowledge (p < 0.01) and consumption of milk & milk products for snacks. There was a positive effect on fasting blood sugar (FBS) showing significant decreases in portion of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.05). Also, serum triglyceride (TG) was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In evaluation of nutrient intake by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), riboflavin (p < 0.01), vitamin C (p < 0.001), calcium (p < 0.05) were positively improved. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) and intakes of vitamin C (p < 0.001), riboflavin (p < 0.05), Ca (p < 0.01) and Fe (p < 0.05) were increased. In conclusion, this nutrition education and lunch service program providing 1/3 personal needed energy can be used to develop and implement a tailored nutritional intervention programs in the setting of a community senior welfare center to improve health and nutritional status of Korean elderly. (Korean J Community Nutr 18(1) : 65~76, 2013)


Different ground-coupled earth-to-air heat exchangers have been constructed in many residential and occupational buildings in Switzerland to precool or preheat the incoming air. Many technical and energetic facts favour such systems. The objective of this study was to determine if microbial growth occurs within these tubes and if adverse health effects must be considered. The results show large reductions in viable bacteria and spore concentrations along the tubes and very low concentrations in the supply air compared to the outdoor air. Fungal allergens however, could still be detected in the supply air even if no or only very small amounts of spores were determined with the viable sampling techniques. Based on the results from this study the operation of ground-coupled earth-to-air heat exchangers is acceptable. Regular controls and cleaning of the facilities should be undertaken.


In this paper,the expression of fibroin heavy chain gene(fib-H),fibroin light chain gene(fib-L) and P25 gene in different tissues and different developmental stages was investigated at the mRNA level using quantitative real-time RT-PCR method.The results indicated that the expression of three fibroin genes was very high in the posterior silk gland during the fifth larval stage.Except for the posterior silk gland,there was a certain degree of expression in other tissues,such as fat body and middle silk gland.At the fourth molting stage,there also existed the expression of fibroin genes,of which the expression of L-chain gene was much higher than that of the other two fibroin genes.At the same time,we found that molar ratios of the three fibroin genes′ expression in the posterior silk gland at day 3 and day 5 of fifth instar were 9:18:1 and 19:32:1 respectively at the level of mRNA.These results indicate that the regulatory mechanism on expression of fibroin genes is more delicate than what we ever knew.


Folate Anaemia is common after partial gastrectomy affecting some half of the untreated patients followed for 20 years after operation (Hines, Hoffbrand and Mollin, 1967). The fall in the haemoglobin concentration is most marked in women of child-bearing age (Baird, Blackburn and Wilson, 1959). Iron deficiency is the common cause of anaemia and megaloblastic anaemia appears in a significant minority (Table I). The latter is usually due to vitamin B,, deficiency, and only occasionally to folate deficiency. Subclinical deficiencies of iron, vitamin B,, and folate are even more common than overt anaemia (Table I), Post-gastrectomy patients therefore require regular haematological supervision and the investigations which may prove helpful are set out in Table 11. These are aimed at detecting the early onset of anaemia and of subclinical deficiency of iron, vitamin B,, and folate.


1 Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Leipzig, Germany 2 Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA * Corresponding author: Niculina Musat, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 8 9 10


Engineers and architects have to master the knowledge and the skills of their own field of science. Furthermore also interactional skills and the ability to work in an interdisciplinary group are needed to evolve into expert. It is increasingly important that students have an opportunity to practise all these skills during their studies. This paper describes the development of the project based course "Integrated Interior Wooden Surfaces" for Master's level students of wood technology and wood architecture at Aalto University in Finland.


The research intends to identify, evaluate and confirm the effects of classroom environment on the achievement of students taking Advanced Grammar of the Foreign Language Department, School of Arts and Sciences of the University of El Salvador on participants' groups 3, 4, and 6, semester II, 2019. Groups were observed and shortly interviewed while investigating the topic. For the present research three data collection instruments were used as observation guide, checklist, interview, and short interviews. Those instruments were very helpful to gather valuable information about several variables identity along with the investigation: a) Course Schedule, b) Course location, c) Students' perception and d) students' performance. As this is mixed research, qualitative and quantity data had been integrated and analyzed. Once analyzed the data, conclusion, and recommendations are shared. As the topic had been studied by experts around the world on years ago, researches demonstrate the impact of the effect taking place at the University of El Salvador on students' academic performance taking Advance Grammar by the end-setting some conclusion and recommendations for the University to improve students well-being along with the career.


The high-speed drives can be supplied by the wideband-gap (WBG) power devices such as SiC-MOSFETs, as they offer the possibility to increase efficiency and reduce the size of passive components. Nontheless, HF operation of the SiC devices emphasizes the effect of parasitics generating reflected waves phoenomena across the interconnection cables and transient overvoltage on motor terminals, reducing the life time and the reliability of electric drives. In this paper, the two solutions for the overvoltage mitigation of SiC-MOSFET based 2L inverter have been compared: the solution with an active gate driver based on digital control and the solution with an output dv/dt filter. The filter has been designed in order to meet the NEMA standard on voltage stress. The complete parasitic model of SiC-MOSFET based inverter has been developed in the LTspice simulation tool, as resulting from the experimental prototype pcb board and tested with the high frequency models of the motor in order to determine the overvoltages on the motor terminals. The two solutions have been compared in terms of efficiency, cost and volume, in order to have the clearest picture possible when comes to the judicious choice that practitioners in the motor drive industry have to make. These comparisons were carried out by realistic dynamic models of power devices obtained from the manufacturer's experimental tests and verified both in the LTspice and PLECS simulation tools.


The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) wherein the variables are defined in the description and claims, their preparation and uses thereof.


Several highly technical skills are required to design and develop a self-propelled vehicle. One such skill is to design or select the appropriate size drive train. The more accurately this can be accomplished, the more significant will be the savings in development cost. Various references are available on the theoretical approach; however, a significant unknown is the relationship to practical applications. Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen AG has over many years of experience developed a computer program that can reliably assess the service life of power train designs. The reliability of this approach has been proven by both vehicle manufacturers and end users.


Unlike Mozart or Beethoven, in whose case almost everything they composed for one or two musical instruments was shaped into sonata, the new generation of Romantic composers no longer considered this form to hold such importance. Mendelssohn confined himself to 13 sonatas, Schumannn stopped at 8 (including Fantasia in C Major); Chopin made his first attempt at 18 years old, thereafter he created two more sonatas of great significance for the pianistic literature and at the end of his life he added the Sonata for Cello and Piano. One cannot however state that Romantics lost interest in the sonata genre. It still was the most prestigious instrumental genre, an obsession for many composers who endeavoured to demonstrate they could cope with such complex structures. This respect for the sonata genre may be compared to the one for the fugue during the Classical period.


Filtration technology based on a three stage process where a ceramic foam filter is operated in cake mode in the first stage; grain refiner added in a second chamber and a further filtration means is used in the third stage to remove oxide inclusions or agglomerates originating from the grain refiner addition has been developed along two directions. In one case, the XC Filter uses a small deep bed filter (DBF) in the third chamber, whereas in the second case a cyclone is employed. The most recent results with both are reported.


Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is a common method used to collect tissue for diagnosis of different chest diseases and for staging lung cancer, but the procedure has technical limitations. These limitations are mostly related to the difficulty of accurately placing the biopsy needles into the target mass. Currently, pulmonologists plan TBNA by examining a number of Computed Tomography (CT) scan slices before the operation. Then, they manipulate the bronchoscope down the respiratory track and blindly direct the biopsy. Thus, the biopsy success rate is low. The diagnostic yield of TBNA is approximately 70 percent. To enhance the accuracy of TBNA, we developed a TBNA needle with a tip position that can be electromagnetically tracked. The needle was used to estimate the bronchoscope's tip position and enable the creation of corresponding virtual bronchoscopic images from a preoperative CT scan. The TBNA needle was made with a flexible catheter embedding Wang Transbronchial Histology Needle and a sensor tracked by electromagnetic field generator. We used Aurora system for electromagnetic tracking. We also constructed an image-guided research prototype system incorporating the needle and providing a user-friendly interface to assist the pulmonologist in targeting lesions. To test the feasibility of the accuracy of the newly developed electromagnetically-tracked needle, a phantom study was conducted in the interventional suite at Georgetown University Hospital. Five TBNA simulations with a custom-made phantom with a bronchial tree were performed. The experimental results show that our device has potential to enhance the accuracy of TBNA.


The length of they chromosome has been measured for 50 male criminals in a psychiatric security hospital and for 50 non criminal control men. The distribution was normal for the 2 populations and there was no significant difference between the mean Y/F, Yf/Y values and the number of brightly fluorescent segments. For criminal psychopaths, there was no close correlation between the size of the Y chromosome and the psychiatric or criminal background.


Southwest Florida contains extensive beaches, barrier islands, estuaries, and wetlands. It has experienced rapid population growth and urbanization which have been in conflict with the natural systems of the region. This paper discusses conflicts between development and the environment, reviews selected legislation, and gives a review of four cases of conflict: Rookery Bay, the Florida Keys, and Big Cypress Area, and Charlotte Harbor. Common to all cases are valuable ecosystems tied to the quantity and quality of land and water resources, but which have experienced rapid urbanization and depletion of those resources. Several important state and federal laws are reviewed which provide management approaches for controlling development and protecting resources and the environment. The paper emphasizes the role of engineers and planners in balancing the economy and the environment, and suggests that they should play a major role in further strengthening legislation to protect environmental values.


With the remarkable advances in remote sensing technology, remote sensing data collected by satellites play an important role in many application domains, in particular the smart city. The service quality of satellite data distribution systems (SDDS) is vital for both administrators and end users. Therefore, it is of practical significance to fully understand the factors that affect the satellite data distribution service. Based on prior studies of e‐service quality evaluation and the characteristics of the satellite data, a multidimensional and multi‐level service quality evaluation model of the SDDS is proposed. A questionnaire was designed based on the proposed model to collect users' evaluation data. Backpropagation neural network was employed to examine whether and how factors in the proposed model affect the overall service quality. The results were interpreted using importance and performance analysis to assess the relationship between the keys of service quality of the SDDS and the overall service quality. Findings have important managerial implications for the quality management of the SDDS.


Objective  To compare obstetric outcomes in the pregnancy subsequent to intrauterine death with that following live birth in first pregnancy.


The COVID-19 crisis is driving countries to rebuild and strengthen their economies. Sino-Russian relations have shown resistance to external challenges. This article will focus on cooperation in the field of development. The technological excellence of Chinese construction companies and the capabilities of the Russian market determine the potential for possible interaction. However, the specifics of national markets and ways of doing business can become a significant obstacle to effective cooperation. The purpose of this work is to study the strategies for positioning Chinese companies in the Russian construction market using the example of Norinco International Cooperation Ltd. The research methods were a secondary analysis of statistical data from official sources, works of international experts on the study of the state of the Russian development market, as well as the use of snowball-technic to study the specifics of the activities of Chinese construction companies. The work resulted in recommendations for Norinco International Cooperation Ltd to improve the positioning strategy, taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian development market. The novelty of the work lies in the adaptation of the management tools of Chinese construction companies to the conditions of doing business on the territory of the Russian Federation.


Summary form only given. Borosilicate glass (BSG) films were deposited in an atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. The best step coverage capabilities of BSG films were obtained for a 5% boron concentration and an oxygen/hydride ratio of 70/1. In these process conditions, various BSG film thicknesses were deposited on test structures composed of metal lines with different spacings, thicknesses, and sidewall profiles. The step coverage results are plotted on dimensionless diagrams. The limit curve of void formation and abacus of equal lateral step coverage are shown for two metal profiles. The planarization of the BSG films, realized by etchback with a spin-on-glass (SOG) layer, was studied on test structures. With any BSG thicknesses or etchback quantities, a planarization with a total SOG sacrificial layer without void formation is possible only when the aspect ratio is lower than the previous limit. A BSG interlevel dielectric (ILD) was determined for a 1- mu m DLM process by using the dimensionless diagrams and considering the highest aspect ratios of the technology. Electrical characterization results confirm the good planarization capability of the BSG ILD.<<ETX>>


Complex Event Processing (CEP) is a computer-based technique used to track, analyse and process data in real-time (as an event happens). It establishes correlations between streams of information and matches to defined behaviours


Turbo code is a new class of error correcting and achieves almost reliable commu-nication when SNR is very close to the Shannon-Limit. Turbo encoder consists of a parallel concatenation of two or more convolutional codes and interleaver. A new parameter effective free distance d2 was proposed by S. Benedetto and G. Montorsi(1996) and two upper bounds on d2 were stated without proof by D. Divsalar and R. J. McEliece (1996). This paper proofs the two upper bounds on d2.


BackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend rules for stopping nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, but off-therapy relapse is still high. This study aimed to identify predictors of off-therapy relapse and improve existing stopping rules.MethodsThis retrospective study included 488 CHB patients (262 HBeAg-positive and 226 HBeAg-negative) who discontinued NAs Lack of SARS-CoV2 neutralization by antibodies to seasonal coronaviruses: making sense of the COVID-19 pandemic 08 Jan 2021 The duration of protection from azithromycin against malaria, acute respiratory, gastro-intestinal and skin infections when given alongside seasonal malaria chemoprevention: secondary analyses of data from a clinical trial in Houndé, Burkina Faso and Bougouni, Mali 08 Jan 2021 AbstractBackgroundMass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin (AZ) is being considered as a strategy to promote child survival in sub-Saharan Africa, but the mechanism by which AZ reduces mortality is unclearBackgroundMass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin (AZ) is being considered as a strategy to promote child survival in sub-Saharan Africa, but the mechanism by which AZ reduces mortality is unclear Rates of Aspergillus Co-infection in COVID patients in ICU not as high as previously reported 08 Jan 2021 Association Between Chronic Use of Immunosuppresive Drugs and Clinical Outcomes From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Large US Health System 07 Jan 2021 AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs worsens or improves the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with plausible mechanisms for both.MethodsRetrospective cohort study in 2121 consecutive adults with acute inpatient hospital admission between 4 March and 29 August 2020 with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 in a large academic health system, with Evolution of Cefiderocol Non-Susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Patient Without Previous Exposure to the Antibiotic 07 Jan 2021 AbstractWe report the emergence of non-susceptibility to cefiderocol from a subpopulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from a patient without history of cefiderocol exposure. Whole genome sequencing identified mutations in major iron transport pathways previously associated with cefiderocol uptake. Susceptibility testing should be performed before therapy with siderophore cephalosporins.We report the emergence of non-susceptibility to cefiderocol from a subpopulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from a patient without history of cefiderocol exposure. Whole genome sequencing identified mutations in major iron transport pathways previously associated with cefiderocol uptake. Susceptibility testing should be performed before therapy with siderophore cephalosporins. Ten years of population-level genomic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype surveillance informs vaccine development for invasive infections 07 Jan 2021 AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasing, with substantial associated morbidity, mortality and antimicrobial resistance. Unbiased serotyping studies to guide vaccine target selection are limited.MethodsWe conducted unselected, population-level genomic surveillance of bloodstream E Letter to the Editor 07 Jan 2021 Does partner treatment impact on BV cure? 07 Jan 2021 Use of an electronic medical record alert


Some of the engineering problems encountered in pressure-tube reactors are outlined. Studies were focused on horizontal pressure-tube reactors, fuelled with natural uranium, moderated with heavy water at 38 to 93 deg C, and producing 400 to 600 Mw(t) at about 100 atmospheres and 270 deg C in the heavy-water coolant which flows through the pressure tubes. Comparisons with other pressure- tube systems are made. (W.D.M.)


When monitoring the proximal composition of ground beef on a conveyor belt with a near infrared reflectance sensor, interference by signals from the belt itself proved to be a serious problem. A soft independent modelling of class analogies classification method proved useful in identifying spectra with belt components which, consequently, were removed to yield pure meat spectra. Partial lease squares regression on the basis of the corrected spectra yielded improved models for proximal analysis of the ground beef.


According to a prognosis of the International Energy Agency the worldwide energy demand will reach more than 18.000 MTOE (Million Tons of Oil Equivalent) in the year 2030 which corresponds to a 50 % increase from today ́s energy consumption. In respect of narrowing fossil energy resources and potential side effects of climate warming carbon dioxide emissions it becomes obvious that for a sustained longterm economical prosperity a fundamental renewal of the energy sector will be necessary. As a key and cross-sectional technology, nanotechnology has the potential to facilitate vital technological breakthroughs in the energy sector and, in this way, to make substantial contributions to a sustainable energy supply. The spectrum of possible applications for nanotechnologies ranges from continuous short and medium-term improvements in the use of conventional and regenerative energy sources to entirely new approaches to energy supply and utilisation in the long term. Nanotechnological innovations have an impact on the whole added value chain in the energy sector. Increases in efficiency and process innovations are possible in all subsectors, from primary energy production to energy transformation, transmission and storage and its utilisation by the end customer.