Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Objective: To compare the adverse event profile and patient comorbidity profile of lower extremity orthopaedic trauma patients admitted via interfacility transfer (IT) to direct admission (DA) patients from home. Methods: A total of 39,497 patients from 2012 to 2019 were identified in the American College of Surgeon National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. DA patients were compared with IT patients for differences in preoperative comorbidities, adverse events, length of stay, and readmissions in the 30-day postoperative period. Student t tests were used to assess continuous variables. Pearson χ2 test and odds ratios (ORs) were used for categorical variables. Results: The IT group comprised 7167 patients, and the DA group comprised 32,330 patients. IT patients were on average older (65.5 vs. 58.8 years, P < 0.01), more likely to be American Society of Anesthesiologists Status >2 (P < 0.01), and had a worse comorbidity profile for numerous preoperative risk factors. IT patients had significantly higher rates of mortality [3.3% vs. 1.4%; odds ratio (OR) 2.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.96–2.77], major complications (10.2% vs. 6.1%; OR 1.74; 95% CI, 1.60–1.91), significantly higher readmission rates (5.8% vs. 4.8%, P < 0.01, OR 1.22 95% CI, 1.09–1.36), and more infectious complications (7% vs. 4.7%; OR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.38–1.71) than DA patients. Transfer remained a significant factor predicting major adverse events in regression analysis controlling for patient characteristics and fracture type (P < 0.01; B 1.197; 95% CI, 1.09–1.32). Conclusions: This study revealed that IT patients undergoing operative management of pelvic, acetabular, and lower extremity fractures are at a significantly increased risk of major complications, readmission, and have a higher morbidity burden than DA patients. As healthcare transitions to value-based care and bundled payments, hospitals that accept a high volume of ITs will face exposure to added risk and financial penalties without adequate policy protections. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


Abstract. Millions of people have an inadequate intake of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), and foliar biofortification may minimise these problems. To evaluate the efficacy of combined foliar Se and Zn fertilisation in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grains, foliar Se and Zn applications were tested individually and in all combinations (0, 0.03% or 0.06% (w/v) NaSeO4, and 0, 0.25% or 0.5% (w/v) ZnSO4.7H2O) at early grain filling. Plant growth was not influenced by any of the treatments. There was a positive relationship between total Se or Zn concentration in raw or cooked grains and respective Se or Zn application dose. Grain Zn accumulation was positively influenced by the combined application of Se and Zn. Grain cooking caused a slight decrease in grain Se (by 7.4%) and Zn concentrations (by 19%); however, cooking enhanced Zn bioavailability. The consumption of 100 g of cooked, biofortified field peas would provide ∼50% of recommended daily intake of Zn and 45% of Se. The present study successfully biofortified field peas with Se and Zn, with the combined foliar application of Se and Zn being the best option.


In this paper,the wind field provided by a meso-scale tropical cyclone numerical model is employed.When main physical processes,including wave-current interactions,are considered,the latest version of the third generation wave model SWAN is applied to simulate the typhoon wave generated by Typhoon Winnie(1997).The model results are compared with the TOPEX/POSEIDON and ERS-2 satellite altimeter data and analyzed in details.Then the distribution of wave fields are analyzed,with the results showing that applying SWAN to simulate large-scale domain can also fairly reproduce the observed features of waves and preferably reflect the distribution of typhoon waves.


Nonlinear dynamic models have been used to study the characteristic seismicity of fault zones in this paper. Each segment of faults modeled by a basic nonlinear element, consists of an Maxwell model in series with a rigid sliding block, the constitutive relation of dynamic and static frictional strengths is assigned to the sliding block. In the modeling, the spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes appears random in a short time scale, but in a time long enough, the overall behavior of the system show sort of regularities. Most actually observed precursors also appear in these nonlinear dynamic models.The concept of transition probability have been proposed to calibrate the transfer among the faults and segments. The model predicts that there are conditional safe islands in seismic activity zone 'may be of practical importance in earthquake forecasting.


A vector quantization method using statistics, i.e., mean and covariance, of neighboring input vectors (or linear transform of those) is proposed. In the proposed method, the distance between the input vector and the codeword is measured by the output probability defined by the statistics, and the output vector sequence is determined so that the output probability of the output vector sequence is maximized. The codebook can be trained by a conventional training procedure based on the statistically defined distance or a simplified distance. The value of the output vector sequence is determined by a high‐order set of equations. Fortunately, it can be shown that the set of equations can be solved by a fast algorithm. In the conventional vector quantization methods, adjoining output vectors can change discontinuously; quantizing speech spectral parameter vectors causes perceivable glitches in the synthesized speech, whereas, in the proposed method, the change of adjoining output vectors is controlled appropri...


Potentiometric investigation on {H2O+NaNO3+PEG1500} mixtures were made at T=308.15K, using electrochemical cells with two ion-selective electrodes, (Na glass) as the cation ion-selective electrode against (NO3 solvent-polymer PVC) as the anion ion-selective electrode. The mean ionic activity coefficients of NaNO3 were measured at different concentrations of NaNO3 and PEG. Maximum concentration of electrolyte and PEG were 1 mol/kg and 0.12 mol/kg, respectively. The experimental data was modeled by utilizing the modified Pitzer equation and the activity coefficient ratio of PEG was evaluated by using Maxwell's cross differential relation.


This paper discussed the mechanism of the diet in human body in six aspects,such as the relation between diet nutrition and life,the influence of diet nutrition on immunity function and growth,etc.It also suggested that the diet department in universities should provide diet scientifically according to the characteristics of university students in age,study and phisiology,in order to ensure that university studebts can absorb rich nourishment and plentiful energy from the diet.


A distributed system consists of many interacting components, each controlled by a local control agent. Agents can communicate in order to solve a common goal. The aim of this paper is to analyse the coordination control of simple interacting components, interconnected in a network, that form distributed system. A good example of such systems are the urban traffic networks, with local agents setting the switching time of traffic lights.


This research is about an analysis toward ATM link between Syariah bank, especially Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) and conventional bank in Islamic point of view. As an Islamic bank, BMI had perform Islamic values in its overall operation. The innovation made by BMI, ATM link between BMI and BCA, makes many inquiries from the society, especially academician wheter the product of this ATM link compliance to Syariah's rules or not. It is a qualitative research used library as source of datas. It applies content analysis as method of analysis. The research found that the ATM link product between BMI and BCA is compliance to Syariah's rules. BMI cooperate with two switching corporation, namely PT Artajasa and PT Rintis Sejahtera. The cooperation is based on ijarah contract, and contract of ijarah is lawful in Islam. The aim of cooperation among them is to secure benefit for human being and repell the evil. Keywords: ATM, bank syariah, bank konvensional


BACKGROUND
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare type of breast cancer (0.20-1.00% of all cases). With a more aggressive clinical course, MBC frequently presents as a triple-negative subtype.

OBJECTIVE
To describe a case series, analyzing patients survival in four MBC cases.

METHODS
The cases were obtained from 532 medical records of breast cancer patients (0.7% of the total).

RESULTS
All patients were female. Mean patient age was 49 years (range: 38-60 years). Mean tumor size was 8.9 cm (range: 3.0-15.5 cm). Mastectomy was performed in three cases. One patient had axillary nodal metastasis. All underwent chemotherapy and three received radiation therapy after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
With a mean follow-up of 36 months (range: 10-60 months), one case had a tumor recurrence (25%). Three patients (75%) died from metastatic disease and one (25%) is still alive and free of disease.


Until recently, achievements in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) could only be obtained with an increased risk of bleeding. Though long considered an unavoidable consequence of the treatment of ACS, recent data demonstrate that major bleeding has a serious impact on subsequent outcomes. These findings have brought a paradigm change to risk stratification that takes into account not only ischaemic risk, but also bleeding risk in the selection of an optimal management strategy. Strategies to reduce bleeding include assessment of the bleeding risk in each individual patient, appropriate dosing of antithrombotic drugs, and the use of drugs with proven reduced risk of bleeding in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.


The semiconductor industry will continue to be a significant driver in the modern global economy as society becomes increasingly dependent on mobile devices, the Internet of Things (IoT) emerges, massive quantities of data generated need to be stored and analyzed, and high-performance computing develops to support vital national interests in science, medicine, engineering, technology, and industry. These applications will be enabled, in part, with ever-increasing miniaturization of semiconductor-based information processing and memory devices. Continuing to shrink device dimensions is important in order to further improve chip and system performance and reduce manufacturing cost per bit. As the physical length scales of devices approach atomic dimensions, continued miniaturization is limited by the fundamental physics of current approaches. Innovation in nanoelectronics will carry complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology to its physical limits and provide new methods and architectures to store and manipulate information into the future.


Abstract. This investigation was undertaken to examine the influence of intravenously administered glucose and amino acids on serum isoamylase activities. Significantly decreased serum pancreatic isoamylase was observed during administration of 20% glucose and 8% amino acid solutions intravenously for 2 h as compared with physiological saline solution (P< 0·005). A significant negative correlation was found between mean values of pancreatic isoamylase (P‐isoamylase) in serum and glucose in plasma (r= 0·91, P<0·01). We propose that glucose may block the flux of pancreatic amylase across the basola‐teral membrane of the acinar cell into the blood stream. The mechanisms by which amino acids may decrease P‐isoamylase activity in serum are not quite clear. Amino acid stimulated release of pancreatic glucagon which has an inhibitory effect on amylase secretion is highly probable.


Aquaculture is the process of cultivating organisms with a predominantly aquatic habitat, being today an important activity in human food production. Despite its importance, there are still several activities that are carried out almost exclusively manually. Among them, it is possible to highlight the counting of animals. Therefore, this study presents a set of solutions to support the activity of counting aquatic animals using computer vision and machine learning techniques, through deep learning, with the differential that the end user will be able to access the solutions via a smartphone. Currently, the model is 99% accurate. A counting model based on YOLOv4 was also developed, which reached 98.50% of mAP and 98.70% of accuracy, thus obtaining an excellent result.


assume some familiarity with acoustical terminology since the symposium was quite specialized. The experimental papers are of a very high standard, as is the subsequent discussion of each. Experimental issues such as jitter detection, after-effects, central masking, diplacusis, and the duration-dependence of frequency-sensitivity are thrashed out by the respective experts. Fourcin's crucial experiments on pitch generation by interaural delays of white noise are now conveniently available. Plomp's lucid exposition of experimental definitions of timbre can be taken along with the official review papers which include Schouten and Ritsma on periodicity pitch, Zwicker on frequency analysis and masking, as well as physiological summaries of mechanical, single fibre, and central functions in audition. This book marks the solid reinstatement of the periodicity principle ("volley theory" of 20 years ago) as an important aspect of the hearing process and depicts progress towards descriptions that integrate the contribution of place and periodicity mechanisms to auditory sensation. M. P. HAGGARD No sensory psychologist should be without it.


Microgrid is an effective way to improve the utilization rate of renewable energy and is an indispensable part of recent power networks. In microgrids, the deployment of energy management systems (EMS) ensures stable operation and maximizes energy efficiency. Due to the uncertainty of non-steerable generation and non-flexible consumption in the microgrid, it is challenging to design an energy management algorithm to schedule the steerable generators and storage. To address this problem, energy management system is modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) with continuous action space in this paper. Then an off-line reinforcement learning algorithm is leveraged to help EMS make scheduling decisions. Compared with other EMS schemes based on deep reinforcement learning, our method can effectively utilize the optimal decision data generated by mathematical programming, i.e., expert knowledge, to improve learning efficiency and decision-making ability. Simulation based on real world data verifies that the proposed algorithm has better performance than other reinforcement learning algorithms.


The Real Estate Acquisition Tax and its predecessor, the Real Estate Transfer Tax, are no longer part of the Czech tax system. The aim of the article is to evaluate the theoretical classification of these taxes within the Czech tax system, in terms of the division of taxes into direct and indirect taxes. The author concludes that the Real Estate Acquisition Tax and the Real Estate Transfer Tax were indirect taxes.


Studing a family of Osmidrosis which includes 202 members through 5 generations, the author came to the conclusion that the character is typically a mendelian dominant.


(1947). The Influence of Schopenhauer on Wagner's Concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk. The Germanic Review: Literature, Culture, Theory: Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 92-105.


This paper addresses a speech coder which uses a text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis system to achieve very low bit rates (sub 1 kbps). The main issue of the work is the accurate coding of the pitch (f/sub 0/) and gain contours which are principle components of prosody. This is of paramount interest since the correct prosody will increase naturalness and an efficient coding scheme will provide high coding gain. Together with the phonetic transcription, the f/sub 0/ and gain contour constitute the parameters that are necessary for the TTS system to synthesize the speech signal. Piecewise linear approximation is used to code the f/sub 0/ parameter. A technique which minimizes the bit rate while maintaining f/sub 0/ error below a given threshold are described. To obtain both high compression and smoothly changing gain contours, the variance of the signal is averaged over each half phoneme length is transmitted as gain information. With single speaker stimuli, and a priori text transcription information, we obtained natural sounding speech at an average bit rate of about 300 bps.


OBJECTIVE To explore the comprehensive endoscopic management to prevent hospital infection and reduce the incidence of infection in hospitals. METHODS According to the characteristics of the endoscopy,the quatitative evaluation of endoscopic examination management was included in the inspection and implementation system. RESULTS During quantitative evaluation in the past three years,there were no outbreaks of epidemics and the quantitative evaluation improved year by year. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopy management,leadership attention and support are the keys to ensure effective measures of co-management and quantitative evaluation.


INTRODUCTION. TN 1905 I published in this JOURNAL a series of articles on "New methods of studying affections of the heart."' Tlle articles were the outcome of a researclh in wlhich I had been engaged for nearly twenty years. A basis was laid for the differentiation of abnormal rhythms, and thle practical importance of the research was illustrated by the action of digitalis. The varied and seemingly capricious effect of digitalis on the lhuman heart was demonstrated to be due to tlle fact that digitalis may act in one way on a diseased heart and anotlher on a normal heart, and that the drug may act differently in different diseases. Althouglh the methods lhave been greatly improved, especially since the introduction of tlle ink polygraplh and the electro-cardiograplh, and a great deal of lightlhas been tlhrown upon the mechanism of ab. normal rlhytllms, little real advancelhas beenmade in the understanding of matters essential for the intelliaent practice of medicine, suclh as the significance of symptoms and the effects of remedies. It haslong been evident that a new concept was needed if these essentials were to be acquired. At the Institute for Clinical Researcll at St. Andrews we lhave given particular attention to tlhis aspect of the subject, and we have been able to recoanize some of the fundamental principles concerned in tlle production of the symptoms of, disease. The application ofthese principles totlle interpretationi of cardiac phenomenahas slhed freslh liglht uponthe subject wllich enables us to present the symptoms of cardiac affections in a way that brings out their peculiar significance and opens up new fields for exploration.


Authorizes and requests the President to call on the people to observe May 26, 1990, as the bicentennial of An Act for the government of the territory of the United States, south of the river Ohio (from which Tennessee was formed).


The increasing complexity of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total coronary occlusions (CTO) leads to a significant increase of radiation exposure for both patient and operator.


This article deals with the study of toponyms of Kazakh and English toponymy in the context of cognitive linguistics and the mechanism of interpretation of representation and perception of color names in toponyms and the principles of construction of these mechanisms. Toponyms are analyzed as a speech expression processed in the consciousness of the linguistic image of the world-the relationship of man and the environment. The modern stage of place names in cognitive research includes the consideration of language as one of the cognitive subsystems and onomastic vocabulary in the formulation of surrounding truths. The composition of the national toponymic picture of the world determines the motivation of the land-water names made in relation to the color names. Studying the combination of onym appellation, nominated from the attributes of the colors used in both languages. The color designation in toponyms is considered in connection with the peculiarities of geographical objects and their perception by human visual organs. Due to the fact that the external world is transmitted to different peoples in the form of specific idioethnic patterns, in place names of different ethnic groups, color symbols are recognized by new facets. The article discusses the color characteristics of the space in the names earth-water, given as a sample. Various approaches to the nature of the color components of geographical names are analyzed, and the possibility of symbolic and orientational interpretation of color is shown. The fact that the color in toponyms can serve as an orientation function, and not just as an indicator of the horizon side, also does not go unnoticed. The toponyms also present the results of research related to the nature of the object in which the symbolism of color orientation is nominated.


How do Jewish communities cope with sexual violence? What does the way of coping, or lack of it, tell us regarding the resilience and values of the community? The article addressees these questions while discussing Jewish legal and cultural approaches to sexual violence, as well as communal dynamics in a globalized context.


As a retrospective exploration of China's central–local relations over the past four decades of the reform era, this paper argues that since the mid-1990s, relations have evolved with a growing lik...


1/1 Summary € cable œconjunto, phasic layer management system, and transceiver "€ plugavelâ optical arrangements described in this document £ the sound directed to a cable assembly comprising at least a first fiber a³ptica extending from a first end ATA © a second end and an active a³ptico Module (AOM) fixed to the first end of the first fiber and a³ptica including a first storage device that estai electrically connected to the connector eland © knitting. The cable assembly tamba © m a³ptico connector includes a passive terminating the second end of the first a³ptica fiber and including a second storage device. the first storage device includes a aom identifier stored therein identifying the active a³ptico Module and the second storage device includes a first informaa§a £ stored therein indicating that the first end of the first fiber a³ptica estai associated with the identifier of aom.


We present an automated procedure for the derivation of atmospheric parameters (T eff , log g, [M/H]) and individual chemical abundances from stellar spectra. The MATrix Inversion for Spectral SynthEsis (MATISSE) algorithm determines a basis, B θ (λ), allowing the derivation of a particular stellar parameter θ by projection of an observed spectrum. The Be(>.) function is determined from an optimal linear combination of theoretical spectra and it relates, in a quantitative way, the variations in the spectrum flux with variations in 6. An application of this method to the Gaia Radial Velocity Spectrograph spectral range is described, together with its performances for different types of stars of various metallicities. Blind tests with synthetic spectra of randomly selected parameters and observed input spectra are also presented. The method gives rapid, accurate and stable results and it can be efficiently applied to the study of stellar populations through the analysis of large spectral data sets, including moderate to low signal-to-noise ratio spectra.


Crowd counting and density estimation are crucial functionalities in intelligent video surveillance systems but are also very challenging computer vision tasks in scenarios characterised by dense crowds, due to scale and perspective variations, overlapping and occlusions. Regression-based crowd counting models are used for dense crowd scenes, where pedestrian detection is infeasible. We focus on real-world, cross-scene application scenarios where no manually annotated images of the target scene are available for training regression models, but only images with different backgrounds and camera views can be used (e.g., from publicly available data sets), which can lead to low accuracy. To overcome this issue, we propose to build the training set using synthetic images of the target scene, which can be automatically annotated with no manual effort. This work provides a preliminary empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of the above solution. To this aim, we carry out experiments using real data sets as the target scenes (testing set) and using different kinds of synthetically generated crowd images of the target scenes as training data. Our results show that synthetic training images can be effective, provided that also their background, beside their perspective, closely reproduces the one of


This paper is the third part of a study dealing with the mechanical and fracture mechanical characterization of Medium Density Fiberboards (MDF). In the first part, an analysis of internal bond strength testing was performed and in the second part MDF was analyzed by means of the wedge splitting experiment; this part deals with the double cantilever I beam test, which is designed for measuring the fracture energy as well as stress intensity factor in Mode I. For a comparison of isotropic and orthotropic material behavior, finite element modeling was performed. In addition to the calculation of fracture energy the stress intensity factor was analyzed by means of finite elements simulation and calculation. In order to analyze strain deformations and the process zone, electronic speckle pattern interferometry measurements were performed. The results revealed an elongated process zone and lower results for KIC if compared to the wedge splitting experiment. The Gf numbers are higher compared to the wedge splitting results and can be explained by the thicker process zone formed during the crack propagation. The process zone width on its part is influenced by the stiff reinforcements and yields a similar crack surface as with the internal bond test.


MathCode is a package that translates a subset of Mathematica into a compiled language like Fortran or C++. The chief goal of the design of MathCode is to add extra performance and portability to the symbolic prototyping capabilities offered by Mathematica. This article discusses several important features of MathCode, such as adding type declarations, examples of functions that can be translated, ways to extend the compilable subset, and generating a stand-alone executable, and presents a few application examples.


A new approach for fault analysis and the evaluation of fault tolerance (FT) schemes of telecommunication systems is described. In particular mobile base stations are considered as an example for such systems. It is shown that standard metrics for availability and reliability are in general not suitable. A new model is proposed that leads to three different metrics which measure reliability and availability from either the system or the user point of view. These metrics are used to discover the current weak spots of unreliability and unavailability and to improve them accordingly. The approach also helps to identify and to evaluate new redundancy schemes for FT improvement. Finally the metrics give the basis for selecting these schemes according to a benefit-effort ratio.


The assumption of relaxation to uniformity for the electron drift Lagrangian invariant ne/B results in a voltage–current characteristic U(ji) of an ion diode. The effect of the electric field screening at the magnetic Debye scale rB=B/4πene causes the existence of a maximum in the U(ji) curve at a certain threshold ion current density ji=jcrit. The diode can be stable only at the rising part of the U(ji) curve (ji<jcrit). The theoretical threshold ion current density jcrit is in very good agreement with the ion current density at which the slow two-fluid mode arises in the three-dimensional, particle-in-cell (3D PIC) simulations. This can be an important key to suppression of this mode, which is the main source of the beam divergence.


Let $A=\boldsymbol{k}[x_1,x_2,\dots ,x_n]/I$ be a commutative algebra where $\boldsymbol{k}$ is a field, $\operatorname{char}(\boldsymbol{k})=0$, and $I\subseteq S:=\boldsymbol{k}[x_1,x_2,\dots , x_n]$ a Poisson ideal. It is well known that $[\textrm{d} x_i,\textrm{d} x_j]:=\textrm{d}\{x_i,x_j\}$ defines a Lie bracket on the $A$-module $\Omega _{A|\boldsymbol{k}}$ of Kähler differentials, making $(A,\Omega _{A|\boldsymbol k})$ a Lie–Rinehart pair. If $A$ is not regular, that is, $\Omega _{A|\boldsymbol{k}}$ is not projective, the cotangent complex $\mathbb{L}_{A|\boldsymbol{k}}$ serves as a replacement for $\Omega _{A|\boldsymbol k}$. We prove that $\mathbb{L}_{A|\boldsymbol{k}}$ is an $L_\infty $-algebroid compatible with the Lie–Rinehart pair $(A,\Omega _{A|\boldsymbol{k}})$. The $L_\infty $-algebroid structure comes from a $P_\infty $-algebra structure on the resolvent of the morphism $S\to A$. We identify examples when this $L_\infty $-algebroid simplifies to a dg Lie algebroid, concentrating on cases where $S$ is $\mathbb{Z}_{\ge 0}$-graded and $I$ and $\{\:,\:\}$ are homogeneous.


We discuss the possibility of using Stitching Interferometry for the surface shape metrology of X-ray Mirros. Indeed, Stitching Interferometry combines a large field of measurement with a high lateral resolution. In other words, it provides large-scale and medium-scale measurements in a single instrument. Small-scale deformations is considered here to be roughness, and will not be dealt with in this article. The only potential problem in Stitching Interferometry is large-scale fluctuation. This is not due to the Stitching Process itself, but to small measurement errors which get amplified by the long dimension of the typical X-ray Mirror. This will be addressed, and it will be shown that it need not be a problem. As we have not completed our series of experimental measurements, we will illustrate our article with stitching measurements performed in large MegaJoule components (800 x 400 mm), and show an example of Mixed Stitching, involving measurement files of different origin.


During the closing years of the nineteenth century electric vehicles (EV) outsold every other type of vehicle. Yet within ten years the electric automobile was no more and the internal combustion engined car predominated. Could EVs have succeeded or was the technology - in particular the batteries - simply not good enough? As EVs make a comeback in the early 21st century some of the same problems persist. Only one manufacturer (Tesla) has built an electric automobile capable of approaching the range of an internal combustion engined vehicle. Most modern EVs have a range of approximately 160 kilometres, which decreases their usability in longer trips. This paper compares the introduction of electric vehicles in the USA in the late 19th century with the early 21st century from a socio-technical transition perspective. It discusses similarities and differences in market innovation patterns and concludes on the chances for a successful revenge today.


Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic condition that is usually treated medically. Adolescents form a unique population in which AR-associated symptoms are greater than those in adults or children, and are closely related to sleep and mental disorders. In the current study, a retrospective analysis was performed to illustrate the surgical effects of AR symptoms on sleep and mental disorders in adolescents. In 81 adolescents with AR symptoms refractory to medical management, the severity of the AR symptoms was correlated with that of sleep or mental disorders. As a standard surgical procedure, submucosal bony resection of inferior turbinates with posterior nasal neurectomy was performed and half of the subjects underwent septoplasty due to severe deviation of the nasal septum. The degree of improvement in AR-associated symptoms by surgical treatment was correlated with that of mental disorders in adolescent patients who had sleep and mental disorders preoperatively. Considering the impact of AR symptoms on the quality of life of adolescents, surgical treatment can be a potent option for the treatment of AR refractory to medical management in this population.


Soil heat flux is an important component of surface energy balance,and harmonic analysis can be used to estimate soil heat flux based on the surface temperature.However,it is necessary to know the daily change in surface temperature to estimate the soil heat flux through harmonic analysis.In this study,a simplified method of harmonic analysis for simulation of the daily change in surface temperature that uses satellite data obtained twice a day and the time when the daily maximum surface temperature occurs is proposed.Evaluation of the simulated results using field data from Monsoon'90 revealed that the precision of the model was high.Moreover,the harmonic analysis was simplified because of its complex calculation.Furthermore,the simulated soil heat flux generated using the simplified method was found to be quite similar to the observed heat flux,as well as those simulated using the original harmonic analysis;therefore,the simplified method is applicable.


This paper shows that the optimized motors for a low-speed high-torque drive system with SPWM inverter power supply are the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMS motors), the key points of the PMS motor design is to make the interior potential in the armature windings become a sinusoidal waveform. The paper poses an argument of the design principles of the PMS motors and reports the experiment results.


Objective To investigate the effective methods of the microsurgical treatment for severe open leg injury by traffic trauma.Methods 73 cases of severe open leg injury(ⅢB and ⅢC type) induced by traffic accident were treated by complete debridement,body blood rebuild,external fracture fixation and surgical flaps(myocutaneous flap and skeletal flap) in order to repair the single or compound injury.Results All limbs of the patients were survived after the surgery.Four cases occurred partial necroses in the remote part of the flap and being healed by changing surgical dressing or performing skin graft,and all the other flaps were survived.Sixteen cases of bone defect were repaired successfully.After followed up for 6 months to 5 years the satisfactory appearance and function recovery were achieved.Conclusion Complete drbridement,body blood rebuild,proper external faracture fixation and repair of skin,soft tissue and bone defect at early stage can achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy and markedly reduces the deformity rates and complications.


Lanthanide fluoride LnF3 (Ln = La to Lu) nano-/microcrystals with multiform crystal structures (hexagonal and orthorhombic) and morphologies (separated elongated nanoparticles, aggregated nanoparticles, polyhedral microcrystals) were successfully synthesized by a facile, effective, and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectra were used to characterize the samples. The experimental results indicated that the use of NaBF4 is indispensable for obtaining LnF3 crystal structures. Furthermore, the organic additive trisodium citrate (Cit3-) has an obvious impact on the morphologies of the products to some degree. The possible formation mechanisms for LnF3 nano-/microcrystals are presented in detail. Additionally, we systematically investigated the luminescence properties of the LnF3:Eu3+ (Ln = La, Gd, and L...


The significance of genetic factors in the 0 cases was discussed in the previous chapter. If the birth weight were a t least partially dependent on those genes which are assumed to influence the body weight later in life, then under normal conditions the 0 cases should have a higher birth weight than the average in the population. Since i t is evident from the historical section that previous investigators have arrived a t contradictory results in this respect, further investigations are required.


A parametric study of primary breakup of turbulent liquid jets in crossflow is performed using detailed numerical simulations. Specifically, the role of crossflow and liquid Weber number in determining the size and shape of the liquid structures that separate from the liquid column is quantified. To quantify the size and shape of the liquid structures, a methodology derived from differential geometry that characterizes three-dimensional structures based on the shape index, curvedness and stretching parameter is applied to the liquid jet. For the range of parameters considered in this study, it is observed that the liquid Weber number determines the shape and number of separated structures, while the crossflow Weber number determines their characteristic thickness. Implications of this study in modeling primary breakup of liquid jets are discussed.


P086 "CRAFTY" TECHNIQUES FOR POPULATING GEOMODELS WITH SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES DATA Abstract 1 Lithoseismic techniques applied on good quality seismic data leads to very detailed seismic attributes with dense and useful information. However due to several difficulties (software incompatibilities upscaling techniques incorrect time-depth conversion…) the complete seismic information is seldom used for filling the geomodel. In this paper we present accurate techniques allowing seismic integration inside the geomodel. Based on sophisticated deterministic cell infilling they allow better conservation of heterogeneity inside the geomodel. Furthermore the stratigraphic grid geometry is warped with adjusting techniques including reservoir grid deformation in order to fit


Traditionally, caring for children has been principally women's work. The claim is frequently heard that men, especially younger men living in the major cities, are increasingly sharing this load equally with their wives. It is argued that for this claim to be proven, it is necessary to show that men not only assist but share responsibility for most of the more demanding tasks. When the findings from a study of a Victorian community (married couples) made in the 1980s were compared with those from a Melbourne study made in 1998, it showed that the Melbourne men were doing more of the particularly demanding tasks than men in the earlier study. However, in both contexts women had major responsibility, and men typically acted as wives' assistants. These patterns held even when their wives were engaged in full-time paid work. It is also demonstrated that in both the urban and rural contexts, men and women believed that women, rather than men, should give children primacy. These beliefs were shown to be common among Australians generally. It is argued that traditional values such as these are likely to impede the responsibility for child care being shared equally in the future. Study limitations mean that findings may lack generalisability. However, the major thrust of these findings has been shown to be corroborated by national surveys using representative samples.


Simultaneous time and space resolved measurements of CO2, O2, CO, N2, H2O mole fractions and temperature are performed by using Raman and Rayleigh scattering. The investigated system is a turbulent jet of CO injected into the coflowing hot exhaust of a lean CH4/N2/O2-flame. Mean values, joint one-point 6D-pdfs and characteristic statistic quantities are determined. The results for mean values agree well with measurements from independent methods. Determined joint one-point pdfs resemble more-dimensional normal distributions. The pdfs are non-symmetric in the reaction zone with positive or negative correlation coefficients for the reactants. This indicates that the low Damkohler number system under investigation is not diffusion controlled. A quantification for this is given by the calculation of correlation coefficients and turbulence intensities. The measurements are suitable to verify models for transport equations of pdfs in turbulent reacting flows at low Damkohler numbers.


In animal models, carbohydrates increase β‐amyloid aggregation, tau phosphorylation and hippocampal atrophy which lead to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In epidemiological studies, cross‐sectional analyses on the impact of carbohydrate consumption on cognition are inconsistent. Besides, the long‐term effects of high carbohydrate intake on the risk of dementia and AD are poorly described. Here, we investigated i) the association between glycaemic load (GL) and cognition ii) the longitudinal association between GL and the onset of dementias (AD and others dementias) and iii) the associations between GL and plasma β‐amyloid peptides (Aβ) (possible biomarkers of AD pathology).


We have investigated the performance of a EXOGAM-Segmented-Clover with 16 segments as a Compton polarimeter to measure the linear polarization of gamma rays.The polarization sensitivity of the Clover detector has been measured at the energy of 1332keV through the coincidence measurements of cascade gamma-rays from ~(60)Co. Experimental values were in good accord with our expectation.


The cross section for the reaction 127I(neutrino,electron)127Xe_(bound states) has been measured for electron neutrinos from the decay of stopped muons to be [2.84 +/- 0.91 (stat) +/- 0.25 (syst)] x 10^(-40) cm^2. A tank containing 1540 kg of 127I in the form of NaI solution was placed 8.53 m from the LAMPF beamstop where it received a typical flux of 5 x 10^7 neutrinos/(cm^2 s). The 127Xe atoms produced by neutrino capture were extracted from the target solution, placed in miniature proportional counters, and their number was determined by counting. This is the first measurement of a neutrino capture cross section for an I nucleus and is in good agreement with a recent calculation.


As part of the measurement of the current distribution on a bent wire antenna with a shielded loop, the electromotive force (EMF) induced on the loop is theoretically formulated, and the relation between the current distribution and the measured values is investigated. The EMF is expressed as a summation of terms involving the current and the derivative of the current with coefficients depending on the measurement point. The calculated EMF agrees well with the measured value. At points away from the antenna ends and bend, the EMF is proportional to the current, but near the ends and bend the difference between EMF and current increases. It is shown that the current distribution is easily estimated from the measured data. The authors also present the measurement of charge distribution using a small dipole. The expression for the open-circuit voltage of the dipole is formulated and compared with measured values. >


The 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New York issued two important rulings within a week on the extent to which the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regulates insurance practices. [Name removed] v. Allstate Life Insurance Co. was a plaintiff-friendly decision, finding that the insurance company illegally refused to sell life insurance to a married couple because of their mental disability, major depression. [Name removed]. v. Israel Discount Bank of New York was more defendant friendly and tackled the issue of whether the ADA permits different benefit caps for mental and physical disabilities.


This paper presents an approach to software pipelining of nested loops. While several papers have addressed software pipelining of inner loops, little work has been done in the area of extending it to nested loops. This paper solves the problem of nding the minimum iteration initiation interval (in the absence of resource constraints) for each level of a nested loop. The problem is formulated as one of nding a rational quasi-aane schedule for each statement in the body of a perfectly nested loop which is then solved using linear programming. This allows us to treat iteration-dependent statement reordering and multidimensional loop unrolling in the same framework. Unlike most work in scheduling nested loops, we treat each statement in the body as a unit of scheduling. Thus, the schedules derived allow for instances of statements from diierent iterations to be scheduled at the same time. Optimal schedules derived here subsume extant work on software pipelining of inner loops, in the absence of resource constraints.


The wearable technology market is consistently growing, and many of these devices being developed for commercial applications and individual use are already incorporating sensors that measure vital information such as heart rate, blood oxygen, temperature, quality of sleep, and physical information such as calories burned, gait, or steps taken. It is very challenging for a small research team to have access to the custom integrated circuits (ICs) and software algorithms these systems demand. These wearables are wireless sensors and not monitors with user displays and controls. Typical sensing devices consist of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), temperature sensors, heart rate (HR) sensors, and blood SPO2 sensors along with wireless communication and a rechargeable battery. The key objective is to develop a custom wrist-mounted wearable with optimal hardware and software design for measurement and power efficiency for battery lifetimes up to 1 month.


The comments on Chinese ancient novels are rich in critical evaluation on the characters.The critics have done patient and profound researches into not only the character's representative social images and aesthetic values but also the authors' way of configuring the characters and the feel of the readers.And they have especially dug into two aspects-the collective awareness of the characters and the individual awareness of the authors,which is worth the notice of the concerned researchers.


The present invention provides a stabilized fine textured metal micro-structure which forms a durable activated surface 310 which is useful for bonding a 3D stacked chip. A fine grained layer which resists the self-healing, enables a bonding metal to metal in moderate time and temperature and with a higher process flexibility.


When querying incomplete databases, the possibility of optionally obtaining information -when availableis a distinctive feature. In particular, this feature is present in SPARQL, the language recommended by the W3C for querying Semantic Web data. Unfortunately, its implementation has been shown to have adverse consequences. Two of the most notable are an increase in evaluation complexity and the possibility of creating negative queries (queries for which there can be a loss of answers when adding new data to a dataset). Many approaches for settling these issues have been presented, being that of restricting SPARQL to well-designed graph patterns [2] the most widely adopted. Welldesigned graph patterns are indeed positive and their evaluation complexity is lower, but they are not capable of expressing disjunction. Moreover, it is hard to prove properties concerning expressibility due to the syntactic-based definition of well-designedness. It remains an open problem whether well-designed patterns are capable of expressing every disjunction-free (UNION-free) positive pattern. In 2007, Polleres presented an extension of the previous fragment aiming to allow disjunction [4]. However, under his notion there are some natural positive graph patterns which become not well-designed. In this paper we present an introduction to our ongoing project on restricting SPARQL to positive patterns while maintaining desired properties concerning expressibility and evaluation complexity.


Of all the terrestrial habitats in the UK, peatlands are perhaps the most invisible. This
invisibility is all the more remarkable when one considers that peatlands are the world's
most extensive type of wetland, being found on all continents and ranging from the arctic to
the tropics. So often they are defined as something other than peatland – usually dry heath,
wet heath or moorland – but closer investigation, as was undertaken during negotiations by
the former Nature Conservancy Council to purchase Fenn's and Whixall Moss on the
Clwyd/Shropshire border, reveals that areas thought of as heathland on thin peat, or as dry
moorland, are in fact damaged examples of very deep peat. Managing such areas as
anything other than peatland is likely to be un‐sustainable and lead to a steady degradation
of all those ecosystems services which are provided by peatlands, such as long‐term carbon
storage, flood storage, water quality‐control and a distinctive range of biodiversity.


Fruit properties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) that determine the flow characteristics of the concentrated product were associated mainly with water-insoluble solids content and serum viscosity. Levels of total (mostly soluble) solids had much less effect on product flowability. Soluble and total solids levels fluctuated widely between and within seasons, increasing during periods of low rainfall and vice versa. Water-insoluble solids content appeared to be mainly cultivar-dependent, and only minimally influenced by moisture and other climatic conditions. Levels of all three solids fractions and serum viscosity differed characteristically from one cultivar to another. Cultivars also differed with respect to apparent loss of water-insoluble solids and serum viscosity during the concentration process.Key words: Tomato, product, consistency, viscosity, solids, serum


This paper considers periodic selector-linear differential inclusions with asymptotically stable sets. The criterium of asymptotic stability is obtained by means of the variational technique and the equivalence of the properties of uniform asymptotic stability and uniform exponential stability for the considered class of inclusions is proved.


With respect to the upbringing of children, customs have advanced significantly. In ancient times it was conceived that children should be ignored and that they did not begin to be taken into account until very late in childhood; gradually society has evolved and with it the approaches to a humanized relationship between adults and children. It is becoming more and more constant and at the same time relevant the actions that lead to enjoy the child-adult relationship. Propitiating a pertinent emotional and social development, not only in the family environment but also in the educational spaces; spaces where specific cultural and social pillars are cemented that effectively contribute to a better progress in the individual. The games strengthen the roles and position the individual in the most characteristic aspects of his personality.


Abstract does not appear. First page follows.
 Introduction
 In harmony with the suggestion of Lipman,(5) O'Gara(7) reported in 1917 that the application of elemental sulfur reduced the carbonate content
 of black-alkali soils. The results of laboratory and pot-culture tests by Hibbard(1) indicated that sulfur would be effective in the reclamation of such soils. Rudolfs,(8) and Waksman et al.(10) found that certain microorganisms produce active oxidation of sulfur in black-alkali
 soils. MacIntire., Gray, and Shaw(6) found that to a limited extent nonbiological oxidation of sulfur also takes place
 in soil. Kelley and Thomas(3) showed that elemental sulfur underwent oxidation in several black-alkali soils. The
 soils used contained soluble normal carbonate (CO3) varying from 0.7 to 4.0 milliequivalents per 100 grams and chloride (Cl) varying
 from 0.3 to 12.6 milliequivalents per 100 grams. Kelley and Thomas(4) also obtained satisfactory practical results by applying elemental sulfur to the
 black-alkali soil near Fresno, California. Samuels(9) reported that the application of sulfur inoculated with a certain oxidizing bacterium
 (Thiobacillus thiodxidans) gave good results in alkali-reclamation experiments at Fresno.
 Kinds of Sulfur Used
 Five different kinds of sulfur were used in the laboratory experiments and four in
 the field experiments here reported. These were: (1) sulfur inoculated with the oxidizing
 bacterium, Thiobacillus thiodxidans; (2) uninoculated, finely ground elemental sulfur; (3) uninoculated coarse sulfur;
 (4) uninoculated colloidal sulfur; (5) uninoculated sulfur concentrate.


We re-examine the exponentially improved expansion for log ( z), first considered in Paris and Wood in 1991, to point out that the recent treatment by Kowalenko [Exactification of Stirling's approximation for the logarithm of the gamma function, arXiv:1404.2705] using his procedure of regularisation produces an equivalent result. In addition, we point out an error in his definition of the Stokes multiplier that leads him to make the incorrect statement that the Stokes phenomenon is a jump discontinuity, rather than a smooth transition. We supply a numerical example that clearly demonstrates the smooth transition of the leading subdominant exponential e 2�iz across the Stokes line arg z = 1 �. Mathematics Subject Classification: 34E05, 30C15, 30E15, 34E05, 41A60


Constitution of crimes is the core of the theory of the criminal law. The scientific theory of constitution of crimes is the guarantee of the Nullum Crimen Nulla Poena Sine Lege. There was severe deficiency in the present constitution of crimes of China. According to the provision of the Criminal Code of China, constitution of crimes is not the exclusive criterion by which the crimes and the non-crimes were distinguished. Consequently, constitution of crimes can not to fulfill it's peculiar and important function that making the Nullum Crimen Nulla Poena Sine Lege possible and guard the human rights. Therefore, it must be re-constructed. The guideline of the re-construction should be the standpoint of the civil criminal law with the character of the formal reasonability and the throughout implementing of the Nullum Crimen Nulla Poena Sine Lege.


The best ebooks about Reflex that you can get for free here by download this Reflex and save to your desktop. This ebooks is under topic such as neonatal reflexes umass amherst primitive reflexes eagle canyon wellness & sensory the reflex arc asu chap 6 reflexes los angeles mission college home trihealth laboratories reflex testing reflex physiology los angeles mission college reflex® wall series/model rfx (wall) reflex herbicide-24c special local need label within michigan assessment of infant reflexes essay the primitive reflexes: considerations in the infant reflex: a flexible smartphone with active haptic feedback reflex sight sightmark reflexes collin college reflex herbicide cdms school administrator guide reflex : math fact fluency reflex lab advanced overview 1 inch 3 inches alphabet viscerosomatic reflexes: a review liberation mobile, al reflexes definition of reflexes collin college reflex physiology los angeles mission college skeletal muscle function and reflexes infant reflexes and adult development sensory integration reflex sight sightmark 256 relationship between primitive reflexes in stroke reflex testing indiana university health nervous system and reflexes introduction reflex teacher guide reflex : math fact fluency spinal reflexes university of california, berkeley reflex® rubber expansion joint the j d russell company pap and hpv testing home | uw health reflexes and brain sinoe medical association tm title: i definition-reflex testing complex regional pain syndrome/ reflex sympathetic chapter 2: development of infant feeding skills acoustic reflex threshold tenth percentiles and functional "reflexes and signs― carleton university canada's 15 the peripheral nervous system and reflexes experiment hn-2: stretch receptors and reflexes mnri dynamic & postural reflex integration reflex® herbicide cdms reflex sympathetic dystrophy (pdf) veterans health library the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and somatic reflexes the importance of integrating reflexes move play thrive reflex® floor series/model rfx (floor) cs herbicide crop protection products syngenta the nature of reflexes, muscle spindles, and muscle reflexes voluntary and reflex motor physiology reflex broadening public awareness on fluoride


This paper proposes a new phoneme recognition method based on the Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ2) algorithm proposed by Kohonen. We propose three versions of a modified training algorithm to overcome a shortcoming of the LVQ2 method. In the modified LVQ2 algorithm, p reference vectors are modified at the same time if the correct class is within the N-th rank where N is set to some constant. Using this al-gorithm, the phoneme recognition scores obtained by the modified LVQ2 algorithm were higher than those obtained by the original LVQ2 algorithm. Furthermore, we propose a segmentation and recognition method for phonemes in continuous speech. At first a likelihood matrix is computed using the reference vectors, where each row indicates the likelihood sequence of each phoneme and each column indicates the likeli-hood of all phonemes for each 10-ms unit. The optimum phoneme sequence is com-puted from the likelihood matrix using the DP with duration constraints. We applied this method to a multi-speaker-dependent phoneme recognition task for continuous speech uttered Bunsetsu by Bunsetsu. The phoneme recognition score was 85.5% for the speech samples in continuous speech.


Purpose: To examine referral source to cancer genetic services; communication of results of genetic evaluation to clinicians; role of clinicians in postcounseling management; and use of alternative information sources after cancer genetic risk assessment/counseling in the community setting.Methods: Retrospective telephone survey. Setting: A community/private hospital-based cancer genetic counseling service.Patients: Women, at least 21 years of age, who had undergone cancer genetic counseling with (1) at least a 10% predicted likelihood of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation or (2) a documented BRCA1/2 mutation.Intervention: A 121-item telephone survey. Main outcome measure: (1) initial referral source to cancer genetic services; (2) women's communication of results of cancer genetic assessment to primary and (nongenetic) specialist clinician(s); (3) education and support role played by subjects' physician(s); and (4) use of other hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) information resources.Results: Of 225 women eligible for study, 69 (31%) completed the survey. Sixty-two percent were referred by their medical oncologist; 13% by their primary care physician, and fewer by their surgeon (6%) or gynecologist (4%). Results of the cancer genetic assessment were not shared with 19% of primary care clinicians, 26% of primary gynecologists, 12% of oncologists, and 36% of surgeons. Twenty-six percent of participants noted that their primary care clinician had not been involved in their HBOC-related, cancer prevention decisions, 16% had not included their gynecologist, 2% had not involved their oncologist, and 20% replied that their surgeon had not been involved in these decisions. Overall, clinicians were perceived as supportive when it came to a participants' information and decision support needs. One exception was that 21% of respondents reported the use by clinicians of medical terms, without definition. Over two-thirds had sought alternative "self-help" HBOC-related materials, most Internet based.Conclusions: These results have implications for interdisciplinary communication and decision support for those with or at risk for HBOC, cared for in the community setting.


reagents (whether assisted by Lis or not2') from that hemisphere about the dimer which does not enclose the bulkier groups?2 Even the poorer enantioselectivity of the Z-(CaCg) imine anionsS may be explained withoutz0 recourse to de~hela t ion ,~ because Cp substituents in cis relation to the nitrogen alkyl substituents would force the face-differentiating groups further away from the reacting C g atom.


We have read with great interest the article by Dr. Tsougos and co-authors, "The contribution of diffusion tensor imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the differentiation of breast lesions at 3 T" (1), which was published in the February 2014 issue of Acta Radiologica. In that study, the sensitivity and specificity of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) were 93.5% and 80%, respectively. Those results indicated that the combination of H-MRS and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) achieved higher levels of accuracy and specificity in discriminating malignant from benign lesions over H-MRS or fractional anisotropy alone. Unfortunately, we found a question about the sensitivity and specificity of H-MRS after reading the article carefully. In the study, the H-MRS was used for the differentiation of malignant and benign breast lesions by detecting the level of choline-containing compounds at 3.2 ppm in the breast tissue samples. The resonance of choline-containing compounds in breast spectra was qualitatively determined and the criteria for determining the presence of choline-containing compounds was that a peak should be clearly identifiable at 3.2 ppm within the lesion. The lesions with the presence of choline-containing compounds were regarded as malignant lesions. Otherwise, the lesions were considered as benign lesions. A total of 51 lesions were included in the study; of them, 33 were malignant and 18 were benign, confirmed by surgically excised specimens or by core needle biopsy and follow-up. H-MRS for the detection of choline-containing compounds was positive at 31 lesions and negative at 20 lesions. From the 31 positive lesions, 29 were malignant and two proved benign. The 20 negative lesions consisted of 16 benign lesions and four malignant lesions. Therefore, the sensitivity and the specificity of H-MRS should be 87.9% (29/33) and 88.9% (16/18), respectively, and the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 93.5% (29/31) and 80% (16/20), respectively. Although the correction might not affect the conclusion, we believe it would improve the accuracy of the results of this study.


The invention discloses a smart vacuum cleaner. The smart vacuum cleaner comprises a vacuum cleaner body, one or more collision detecting devices and a controller, wherein the one or more collision detecting devices are arranged on the vacuum cleaner body and correspond to one or more directions, and the corresponding collision detecting devices generate collision signals when the smart vacuum cleaner collides with an obstacle in one or more directions; the controller is respectively connected with the vacuum cleaner body and the one or more collision detecting devices and used for determining the collision directions and collision strength of the smart vacuum cleaner and the obstacle according to the collision signals and controlling the vacuum cleaner body to execute corresponding movements according to the collision directions and collision strength. The invention further provides a collision detecting system. The smart vacuum cleaner can identify whether the smart vacuum cleaner collides with the obstacle or not and detects collision impact force.


This article discussed the status of today's children's products, and the necessity for children's products sustainable system design.Based on the concept of sustainability, it proposed sustainable system design approach for children's products; Meanwhile demonstrated the process and importance of sustainable system design approach in the design of children's products through specific examples.


We've read the script. The one in which an apparently crazed man with an arbitrarily lethal arsenal (semiautomatic rifles, pump-action, twelve-gauge shotguns, and 9 or 10mm handguns) enters a place of learning with little to nothing standing in his way. The man proceeds to shoot with reckless abandon at anything that's moving. Men, women, and children prove no match for the barrage of bullets. Dozens die.What follows is also predictable. The country is shaken to its core. The media runs with the story. Tales of heroic acts are profiled as mourning ensues. A shadow of grief lingers hauntingly for weeks. Politicians nationwide offer statements of condolence. Talking heads and citizens alike debate gun laws on the books and the germaneness of the right to bear arms in modern society and whether that right as written in the Constitution was intended as it is enforced today. Panicstricken citizens go out in droves and buy guns at a rapid clip.Hoav did Ave get here? As Avith any attempt to solve a societal problem, it would behoove of us to have, at the very least, an understanding of our nation's history involving the firearm. Succinctly put, the Second Amendment, over the course of the past two centuries, has grown to be interpreted to mean the right for each individual in society to wield a weapon for the purposes of self-defense. But this was not always the case. The amendment reads as follows: "A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed." While these words might seem ambiguous in a A^acuum, it is quite clear, upon examining the context in which they were made, what they meant.The pioneers of the American project understood the importance of an armed people, with "people" understood here-just as it is in the rest of the Constitution-as a collective noun referring to those who make up the citizenry, for the purposes of, as the U.S. Constitution states, "suppressing Insurrections and repelling Invasions" at once at the indiAUdual state and national levels. While it is true that a 1792 federal law mandated that all eligible persons (those who swore allegiance to the Revolution and were not Black) purchase a military-style firearm, the mandate was for the express purpose of serving in a citizen militia, and the arms would be registered and checked upon frequently (Winkler 2011). It was, at first, not interpreted to mean an individual person's right to own or carry a weapon of lethal force for self-defense or recreation (never mind the fact that firearms, at the time, were long arms that could let off one round before having to be reloaded, which would take quite a while to do relative to the alacrity of the pump-action weapons legal today).Essentially, firearms belonged to the military. What's more, throughout the nineteenth century, a series of laws banned the carrying of concealed firearms in the country (Lepore 2012). Such laws were passed at the state level in: Kentucky and Louisiana in 1813; Indiana in 1820; Tennessee and Virginia in 1838; Alabama in 1839; and Ohio in 1859. In states such as Texas, Florida, and Alabama, similar laws were passed. Carrying a concealed weapon at that time was not something politicians were advocating for.These laws, however, were often thinly veiled assaults on the rights of African Americans. Blacks were often the target, especially in the South-before and after the Civil War-of racist gun policies that prohibited them from the right to own firearms, later referred to in this article as "Black Codes" (Winkler 2011). That reality compounded with the gross abuse of and discrimination against Blacks in the United States helped to inculcate in the Black community a sense of profound mistrust of the state that exists to this day.The stark contrast between the language of the Constitution and the treatment of Blacks (freed and otherwise) presented a moral quandary for Americans of conscious. …


Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) Gx strain with high pathogenicity was attenuated through replicating in SPF embryo and CEF. The change pattern of VP2 nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequences were obtained from this strain of vvIBDV,during the process of attenuation. The results of sequencing , analyzing of every generation viruses showed that there was no changes on VP2 gene before 7th generation, there was a few changes in VP2 gene but not on amino acid at 8th generation , the homology of amino acid sequence with European reference vvIBDV strain was up to 100%;The virus of 9th generation was an intermediate with complex changes. 10th generation had become cell_adapted strain, the homology of amino acid sequence with European reference IBDV attenuated strain Cu_1 was up to 97%. VP2 gene did not changed any more from 10th to 20th generation. The results of pathogenicity tests showed that the original (Gx) was typical vvIBDV with the mortality up to 64%, the virus of 5th generation was still vvIBDV with the mortality up to 60% in 4_week_old SPF chickens, while the virus of 20th generation was no pathogenicity and could not atavistic after propagated 6 generation in SPF chickens.


EDITORS, We appreciate the interest in our article and comments by Sun et al1,2 We have performed the additional analysis including aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio (APRI) and albuminbilirubin (ALBI) score. In the univariable analysis, hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of APRI (per 1 point increase) for hepatocellular carcinoma development (HCC), decompensation and mortality were 1.42 (1.31.6), 1.24 (1.21.3) and 1.22 (1.21.3), respectively, and APRI was significantly associated with HCC, decompensation and mortality. Similarly, HRs (95% CI) of ALBI score (per 1 point increase) for HCC, decompensation and mortality were 2.45 (1.83.4), 4.44 (3.75.4) and 3.81 (3.24.6), respectively, and ALBI score was also associated with complication development and mortality. In the multivariable analysis, including age, gender, aetiology of liver disease, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, history of complications (only for mortality), APRI and ALBI, adjusted HRs of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)associated liver stiffness (per 1 kPa) for HCC, decompensation and mortality were 1.26 (1.11.4, P < 0.001), 1.24 (1.21.3, P < 0.001) and 1.07 (1.01.1, P = 0.03) respectively. MREassociated liver stiffness was the significant factor for HCC, decompensation and mortality even after adjusting APRI and ALBI. Furthermore, adjusted HRs (95% CI) of MREbased cirrhosis (>4.7 kPa) for HCC, decompensation and mortality compared with minimal fibrosis (<3.0 kPa) were 3.34 (1.76.7, P < 0.001), 43.4 (5.8326, P < 0.001) and 1.65 (0.93.1, P = 0.1) respectively. Therefore, MRE was the significant prognostic factor especially for HCC and decompensation even after adjusting serumbased prognostic markers. Emerging data suggest that magnetic resonance imagingproton density fat fraction (MRIPDFF) is better than histology to assess clinical changes.3,4 Change in MRIPDFF is associated with change in fibrosis5 and, furthermore, changes in MRE are associated with changes in fibrosis.6 As a prognostic factor, MRE may be better than liver biopsy, because MRE can evaluate fibrosis status from minimal fibrosis through to decompensation.7 Therefore, repeated MRIbased assessment can evaluate histological change and even complication development and mortality risk. Given the obvious challenges of using repeated liver biopsy, establishing noninvasive assessment for liver fibrosis, complication development and mortality is pivotal, especially for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease clinical trials.8 We believe that our study results strengthen the evidence for MRE as a prognostic tool for complications and mortality. Liver fibrosis heterogeneity in the liver is interesting9 and we are planning to investigate the association between liver fibrosis heterogeneity and complication development.


The purpose of this Model Report is to document two models for drift-scale radionuclide transport. This has been developed in accordance with ''Technical Work Plan for: Performance Assessment Unsaturated Zone'' (Bechtel SAIC Company, LLC (BSC) 2002 [160819]), which includes planning documents for the technical work scope, content, and management of this Model Report in Section 1.15, Work Package AUZM11, ''Drift-Scale Radionuclide Transport.'' The technical work scope for this Model Report calls for development of a process-level model and an abstraction model representing diffusive release from the invert to the rocks, partitioned between fracture and matrix, as compared to the fracture-release approach used in the Site Recommendation. The invert is the structure constructed in a drift to provide the floor of that drift. The plan for validation of the models documented in this Model Report is given in Section I-5 of Attachment I in BSC (2002 [160819]). Note that the model validation presented in Section 7 deviates from the technical work plan (BSC 2002 [160819], Section I-5) in that an independent technical review specifically for model validation has not been conducted, nor publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Model validation presented in Section 7 is based on corroboration with alternative mathematical models,more » which is also called out by the technical work plan (BSC 2002 [160819], Section I-5), and is sufficient based on the requirements of AP-SIII.10Q for model validation. See Section 7 for additional discussion. The phenomenon of flow and transport in the vicinity of the waste emplacement drift are evaluated in this model report under ambient thermal, chemical, and mechanical conditions. This includes the effects of water diversion around an emplacement drift and the flow and transport behavior expected in a fractured rock below the drift. The reason for a separate assessment of drift-scale transport is that the effects of waste emplacement drifts on flow are not captured in the flow fields used for radionuclide transport at the mountain scale (''UZ Flow Models and Submodels'', BSC 2003 [163045]).« less


Objective To explore the efficacy and safety role of UrinaryKallidinogenase joint butylphthalide in treatment of acute cerebral infarction.Methods Eighty patients with acute cerebral infarction within 72 hours of the onset were randomLy divided into Urinary Kallidin-ogenase group and routine treatment group,40 patients in each.The basically treatment of two groups were the same,including control blood pressure / glucose / LDL-C,anticoagulant drugs and given nutrition of brain cells.Urinary Kallidinogenase group was administered intravenous drip once daily for 7 days or 14 days with 0.15 PNA Urinary Kallidinogenase on the basis of routine treatment.The neurologic function deficits and ability of daily life of patients with acute cerebral infarctionand safety were evaluated before and after thetreatment.Results The difference of neurologic function deficits and ability of dailylife after treatment in two groups were improved,which compared with before treatmentwas statistically significant(P 0.05).Urinary Kallidino-genase group improved more remarkably,compared with the routine treatment group was statist-ically different significance(P 0.05).The treatment group than in the routine treatment group no remarkable increase in adverse reaction.Conclusion Urinary Kallidinogenase group can decrease the incidenceof acute cerebral infarction.and improve neurologic function deficit and ability of daily life and safety in acute cerebral infarction.


Objective:To investigate the roles of TLR4 in anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ-induced tissue factor expression on THP-1 cells.Methods:TF expression in THP-1 cells was detected by Real-time PCR or TF activity kit after stimulating with anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ complex.The binding of TLR4 to β2GPⅠ was analyzed with β2GPⅠ-Affi-Gel columns.The TLR4,MyD88,MD-2 expression induced by anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ complex was investigated by Real-time PCR and Western blot.Whether TLR4 pathway inhibitor(paclitaxel) could inhibit the effects of anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ on THP-1 cells was also evaluated.Results:TF expression(both mRNA and protein) in THP-1 cells could be significantly increased with treatment of anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ complex(100 μg/ml).The TLR4 on THP-1 cell membrane could bind to β2GPⅠ-Affi-Gel columns.After THP-1 cells was stimulated with anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ complex,the TLR4,MD-2 and MyD88 expression(both mRNA and protein) on THP-1 cells was significantly increased by stimulation of anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ complex.All the stimulating effects of anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ on THP-1 cells could be inhibited by paclitaxel(1 μmol/L).Conclusion:TLR4 and some molecules of the pathway play an important role in anti-β2GPⅠ/β2GPⅠ-induced TF expression on THP-1 cells.


In order to solve the contradiction between high torque below base speed and the wide expanding-speed range above base speed, this paper focuses on this kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor with the different winding connections. This motor can change PM flux, so motor efficiency is even higher. Firstly, design principle of windings-changing is studied in detail. The winding connections are researched to realize maximization of PM flux at low speed and minimization of PM flux at high speed. High efficiency of WC-PMSM is also researched. Then, motor performances in no-load and on load are analyzed by FE. Small stator current produces the equivalent electromagnetic torque by alternately using MTPA and FWC. Critical speed of switching MTPA and FWC is determined. Unlike the traditional method of flux weakening by increasing the bigger negative d-axis current, the negative d-axis current is always small and stator current is almost used to produce torque in this paper. It is proven that efficiency of WC-PMSM is even higher in the entire speed range. A 15-kW prototype for test is manufactured. The experimental results show that PMSM with the different winding connections can obtain high performance.


To quickly evaluate power system static stability under single branch contingency, based on vulnerability theory of complex network, a complementary vulnerability index set and an integrated vulnerability index are presented to assess the vulnerability of transmission branches under edge attacking from the aspect of active power and reactive power using global and local indexes. The complementary index set is composed of the global and local indexes. Firstly, a global index, the average transmission distance, is introduced to estimate the active power transmitting efficiency. Secondly, the local variation indexes are proposed to estimate the reactive power balances of power systems. The integrated vulnerability index is defined as the weighted sum of the complementary index set. Simulation results on IEEE 30 testing system indicate the effectiveness of the proposed vulnerability assessment method.


With the increasing downward pressure on the economy, the contradiction between development and protection has become more prominent, the stability and service function of ecosystems in some areas have declined, and the awareness of ecological and environmental protection in some areas is weakening, which further increases the difficulty of promoting environmental governance and quality improvement as a whole. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, ecological and environmental protection faces important strategic opportunities; the construction of ecological civilization has become a national strategy. Therefore, the improvement of ecological environment should be combined with eco-tourism, so as to strengthen the protection of ecological environment, enhance the function of ecological security barrier, build ecological product supply area, improve the efficiency of environmental resources utilization, accelerate the industrial upgrading, and realize the win-win combination of ecological environment improvement and natural scenery resources development. Keywords—Methods of ecological environment renovation; The development of nature's landscape resources


Introduction: Pneumonia is an inflammation of the parenchyma of the lungs. Most cases of pneumonia are caused by microorganisms, but there are several non-infectious causes accordingly. Pneumonia is a considerable cause of mortality in childhood, throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. This study, according to this important matter, evaluated & inspected all of the patients with diagnosis of pneumonia who were bedridden in Razi hospital in Kermanshah. Materials and Methods: All of the patients with diagnosis of pneumonia, who were admitted in pediatric wards of Razi hospital in Kermanshah in 2008, were 107 cases that were chosen on the base of CDC criteria. Then the data were collected from medical records including Age, sex, underlying diseases (cardiac, deficiency of immunity, GE reflux, and disturbance of gag reflex) duration of bedridden, a need to be bedridden in ICU and a need for ventilation. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Proportional frequency of pneumonia was 6.39%, Frequency of pneumonia in males was 60.74% and in females 39.25%. Mortality rate was 60% in males and 40% in females. The common season of pneumonia was 35.51% in winter, and the most common mortality rate was 46.66% in autumn. pneumonia in underlying diseases was 36.44%, mortality rate in this group was 66.6% and the most common age of mortality was under one year old 66.6%, the need for ICU was 29.9% and the need for ventilation was 15.88%. The most common ordered antibiotics were ceftriaxine 50.46% & chloramephenicol  0.93% repectively. Conclusion: In this study remarkable numbers of patients who were admitted to the hospital due to pneumonia had at least one underlying disease, but mortality due to pneumonia was the most common rate in this group particularly in cardiac underlying diseases. For this reason prophylaxis of pneumonia especially in patients with underlying diseases and usage of vaccination in this group is highly recommended


The doctrine of exhaustion of rights or "first sale" is usually applied to prohibit a proprietor from imposing restrictions regarding the onward sale of an article that is the subject of a patent or registered design, where a party has purchased that article lawfully from the proprietor or his authorised agent. The basis of the doctrine is that the sale of an article does not grant the purchaser any rights in the intellectual property related to the article but rather extinguishes the proprietor's entitlement to control the movement of an article embodying that intellectual property, after the article is first sold.


Between the years 1992 - 1996, 16 patients with 33 syndactyly webs had undergone surgery at our institution. The digits seperated by multiple zig-zag incisions. For web reconstruction, Bauer's dorsal rectanguler flap is used. Mean follow-up period was 15,3 months for these cases. There were no neurologic and vascular complications . The cases showed no recurrence and all of the cases had good functional and cosmetical results.


All wars are fought twice, the fi rst time on the battlefi eld, the second time in memory. So it is with what Americans call the "Vietnam War," and what Vietnamese call the "American War." The signifi cance of this war for the United States and the way it would be remembered is expressed succinctly in Martin Luther King, Jr.'s prophecy of 1967, in which he said that "if America's soul becomes totally poisoned, part of the autopsy must read 'Vietnam'" (Carson 144). From the perspectives of many artists working on the war, the American soul was indeed poisoned, but not fatally. It would be art's task to perform both the diagnosis and to provide the treatment for the American body politic, wounded and staggered by its failures in Southeast Asia. The fact that this treatment would hardly be a cure is borne out by the current symptoms displayed by the American body politic, its wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, which are telling indicators of a persistent and ongoing American syndrome, the bellicose urge for violence and domination. Faced with this syndrome, writers who have remembered the war have explicitly insisted, or have implicitly shown their readers, that some of the tools of the literary trade are the very same habits of the spirit that the American body politic needs to temper its aggressive disposition. These tools and


Abstract 'One pot' organometallic addition and subsequent ring opening of α,β-aziridine aldehydes is reported to afford anti–syn 3-bromo-1,2-amino alcohols in high chemical yield and stereoselectivity. The sequence allows the stereoselective preparation of syn 1,2-amino alcohols.


Rod-like complexes [AuCl(CNC6H4C6H4OCnH2n+1-p)](n= 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) have been prepared by reaction of [AuCl(tht)](tht= tetrahydrothiophene) with the isonitriles CNC6H4C6H4OCnH2n+1-p. Metathetical reactions with KBr or KI afford the corresponding [AuX(CNC6H4C6H4OCnH2n+1-p)](X = Br, I). While the free isonitriles are liquid crystals displaying nematic and (some of them) smectic A phases with a short range of existence at moderate temperatures (40–85 °C), their coordination to AuX (X = Cl, Br, I) produces a marked increase in the melting points of the materials, and also an enormous expansion of the range of existence of the mesophase. The order in the mesophase also increases and only the smectic A phase is formed in most of the complexes (for X = Cl, Br and n= 4 a nematic phase is also formed). All the biphenyl halogold(I) derivatives are mesogenic (except for X = I and n= 4) and their melting points decrease in the order I > Br > Cl. Ranges of mesophase of nearly 140 °C are attained. Most of the complexes decompose to the isotropic state (above 220 °C), but seem thermally stable below 200 °C.


In the past two decades, there has been a drastic shift in the mindset of Indian youth, which has led to strong Economic growth in India. The news startups are focusing on significant issues faced by the people in the country and trying to develop solutions with the help of technology or service. The increase in startups has also created several job opportunities for the youth. The latest reports indicate that there are around 55,00 startups registered in India, which is 100% more than the number of startups in 2015. Along with the increase in the number of startups, there has been a significant increase in investors and investments. The key investors are Angel Investors, Venture Capitalists, and Private Equity Firms. Since Venture Capitalists are shifting their focus to larger deals and mature startups, a significant gap is being created for early-stage startups. Angel investors are contributing significantly to the void left by Venture capitalists for early startups. The Angel investors have closed over 1600 deals and invested around 1.2 billion dollars from 2010 to 2019.


Background: measurement of spleen stiffness (SS) by ARFI may predict the presence of EVs. Aim: To assess the correlation of SS measured by ARFI as noninvasive assessment with HVPG in the prediction of presence and grades of EVs in cirrhotic patients. Methods: 30 patients with post HCV liver cirrhosis who underwent biochemical tests, abdominal ultrasound (US) , Doppler , Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE), liver stiffness (LS) and spleen stiffness (SS) measurements using ARFI elastography and HVPG. Results: statistically significant difference was found between EVs presence and grades in relation to HVPG. In contrary no statistically significant difference was found between EVs presence and grades in relation to SS. Conclusion: HVPG had good significant positive correlation with presence and grades of EVs. There was no significant correlation between non-invasive parameters including the SS and LS (by ARFI) and presence or grades of EVs. There was no significant correlation between HVPG and SS and LS (by ARFI).


A cold fluid model is used to investigate instabilities associated with a velocity shear dueto the eigenfields of a relativistic electron beam [1] inside the beam tunnel of a gyrotron.Results are used to supplement the information provided by a stationary particle-in-cellcode in order to simulate time dependent effects. General statements concerning thestability of such an electron beam system are possible.


The notion of digital ecosystems has become a fruitful metaphor for examining the effects of digitalization across boundaries of organization, industry, lifeworld, mind, and body. In business-economic terms, the metaphor has inspired IS research into new business models, while in engineering terms, it has led to important insights into the design and governance of digital platforms. Studying digital ecosystems in these terms, however, makes it difficult to trace and explain those effects of digitalization, which do not materialize predominantly in economic and engineering patterns. Important relationships and their effects may therefore go unnoticed. In response, I draw on the ecological epistemology of Gregory Bateson and others to contribute an ecological approach to digital ecosystems. Such an understanding, I argue, expands the possibilities for tracing and explaining the wide-reaching, boundary-crossing effects of digitalization and the runaway dynamics they may lead to. I suggest to do this based on three principles: (1) part-of-ness—phenomena are to be observed as always part of a larger ecosystem; (2) systemic wisdom—ecosystems have limits, which need to be respected; and (3) information ecology—ecosystems are not mechanical but informed, cognitive systems. As my contribution, I propose six avenues for future IS research into digital ecology.


Objective: To study the perinatal outcome in patients with abnormal umbilical artery blood flow and the relationship between the perinatal outcome and the efficacy of intrautery therapy. Methods: Patients whose umbilical artery blood flow exanlined before 34 gestational weeks during 2001.6 - 2003.12 were reviewed and analyzed. Results: (1)The rate of poor perinatal outcomes, especially the rate of fetal distress, in abnormal umbilical artery blood flow group was significantly hyigher than those in control groups (P0. 01).(2)The incidence of poor perinatal outcomes in patients whose umbilical artery blood flow turned to normal after intrautery therapy was signihcantly lower than those still abnormal. Conclusion: Umbilical artery blood flow examination can find fetal distress early in order to deal with in time to improve fetal well being. It can also observe the efficacy of the intrautery therapy


The following article is based upon a report delivered by Mr. Greenaway before the Conference of Man power & Training Needs of the Food Service Industry, held b y the U.S. Department of Labor in Washington, D.C. on April 22, 1964.-Ed.


From April to December 2012, one study was conducted in a coffee plantation where pacas variety was planted, in order to determine the growth curves, dry weight and nutrient accumulation (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in the coffee berries. The experiment was established in 2000 at Botanic Garden or the National Center for Cooperatives (CENECCOP) Masatepe, Nicaragua. This experiment consisted in four large plots with combination of shade trees and a fifth plot in an open sun was added. The treatment were a) Inga laurina and Simaruba glauca, b) Samanea saman and Tabebuia rosea, c) Samanea saman and Inga laurina d) Tabebuia rosea and Simaruba glauca and e) a coffee plot under open sun were added. A randomized Block Design was used. The measured variables in the coffee berries were polar diameter, equatorial diameter and dry weight. The coffee berries were oven dried at 70°C and milled to obtain a thin sample using a Foss Tecator Cyclotec mill. The thin sample was sent to UNA lab to measure the percentages of N, P, K, Ca and Mg. The data were collected every 30 days. The program used was Statistical Analysis System (SAS vs 9.1). A correlation between polar and equatorial diameter was run given one r of 98% (Pr>F= 0.0001). The curves of growth and dry weight accumulation were adjusted using single and double exponential non-linear regressions. The dry weight accumulation curve was adjusted using a normal Probity model. The highest coffee berry growth occurred during the first 90 days and the nutrient accumulation was from 90 to 210 days. The dry weight accumulation was low during the first three months and increased slowly later on. The coffee berries under leguminous trees showed the highest growth. Also the dry matter accumulation in the fruit was the highest in the leguminous trees.Revista Cientifica Vol. 15. No 24, p. 6-12 mayo 2015


Approximately eight years have elapsed since stem canker (Phomopsis phaseoli f. sp. meridionalis/Diaporthe phaseolorum f. sp. meridionalis) became a limiting factor in soybean production in areas where this disease has spread. The most economical means of control is by the use of resistant cultivars. In an experiment conducted in greenhouse at Campinas, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, with the objective of studying the effect of levels of potassium on the control of stem canker, two plants of soybean cultivar IAS-5 showed to be free from this disease. The seeds of these two plants were increased and plants were further inoculated with D. phaseolorum f. sp. meridionalis. After three generations all the inoculated plants showed to be highly resistent and were designated as IAC/IAS-5. It will replace IAS-5 which is moderately tolerant to stem canker and is the most grown in the State of Sao Paulo.


Michigan is the only state developing a model for work-related hearing loss; therefore it is imperative that Michigan's hearing health professionals report any cases of known or suspected work-related hearing loss to the state so that the most accurate picture of the true nature of the disease can be described and effective intervention efforts geared toward preventing hearing loss can be designed.


We report a clinical case series of five patients with choledocholithiasis and ana-tomic abnormalities that made biliary access by endoscopic retrograde cholan-giography (ERCP) impossible. In three patients, we were unsuccessful in acces-sing the biliary tract by single-balloon enteroscopy because of surgically altered anatomy with biliodigestive anas-tomosis. In two patients, a large diver-ticulum prevented intubation of the common bile duct. All of the patients presented with signs of cholestasis in-cluding elevated bilirubin levels. Mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI


Experiments were carried out to measure the wall shear stress(WSS) of air-water bubbly flow in the entrance region in a horizontal tube I.D.35 mm with TSI-1268W hot-film probes, and the wall shear stress data at different points in different sections were obtained and used to determine the development length.It was found that the discrete degree of WSS data increased due to introducing bubbles into the liquid.The development length was 52D—65D and increased with increasing liquid Reynolds number and void fraction.Due to the asymmetric distribution of bubbles in the horizontal tube, introducing bubbles made the wall shear stress change differently at different measuring points.


The state-of-health (SOH) estimation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is of great importance to the safety of systems. In this article, a novel ensemble learning method is proposed to accurately estimate the SOH of LIBs. A feature defined as the duration of the same charging voltage range (DSCVR) is extracted as the key health indicator for the LIB. The Pearson correlation analysis is performed to select four optimal indicators that are used as inputs of the prediction model. A random learning algorithm named extreme learning machine (ELM) is applied to extract the mapping knowledge relationship between the health indicators and the SOH due to its fast learning speed and efficient tuning mechanism. Moreover, an ensemble learning structure is proposed to reduce the prediction error of the single ELM models. A reliable decision-making rule is then designed to evaluate the credibility of the output of each single ELM model and remove the unreliable outputs, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the estimation results. The testing results on two public data sets show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the SOH in 1 ms and is robust to the operating temperature and load profile. The average root-mean-square error (RMSE) is as low as 0.78%. The proposed method does not require any additional hardware or downtime of the system, which makes the method suitable for online practical applications.


The reliable strength and buoyancy potentials of a special armored vehicle body under complicated load conditions are required simultaneously.In order to achieve this design target,the finite element method(FEM) is a quick and economical approach.In consideration of the simplified contact condition of moving parts and their shapes,the 3D FE-simulation model of the vehicle body structure was established.The displacement boundary conditions and the representation of the weight of functional parts,the emission impact force of an exploder and the engine centrifugal force were discussed.The state of the deformation and the distribution of the stress in the body under different load combinations were computed.The reason leading to the stresses that exceed the material yield limit was analyzed.Based on the results,the strength and stiffness weak positions are discovered,and the modified design schemes are proposed and verified by FE-simulation.


The question of the affinity of language and mind has been already discussed in Ancient Greece by philosophers. Later works show that there is a close relationship between cultures and languages. This paper discusses the particular features of national character, the ones that define a nation. The dynamics of change in contemporary society is highly significant. This is because the changes produced in the languages directly affect consciousness by projecting them on then mind and therefore transformations are made on the structures and linguistic symbols. These transformations are able to form new symbols which in turn is reflected in the linguistic structure. The modification level of consciousness is directly dependent on the flexibility of the language concerned. In cultures where the symbols are complex and polysemantics, changes in mental structures are negligible. The Russian language is a metaphorical language and its symbols have a rather diffuse meaning. These conditions cause an action resistant to external changes produced by society itself.