The purpose of my research was to develop an understanding of the roles of a Centre for Teaching and Learning (CTL) within higher education institutions, nationally and internationally. Also of significant interest was the role that the CTL played within the University of Durban Westville, particularly in its transformation from Resource Centre to a Centre for Teaching and Learning and how it was perceived by academic staff. I reviewed national and international literature on CTLs, how they were established, its structure, staffing, what it offered and how it functioned as a body within the institute. Most recent literature focused on international universities. It was clearly evident that CTLs in first world countries like the United States and the United Kingdom were well established. These CTLs are fully engaged within their institutions. This however was not the case in many of the South African institutions. CTLs are a fairly new concept nationally and in most cases, like that of the University of Durban Westville, the centres are not wholly integrated into the structure of the institute. In the case of the University of Durban Westville, the Faculty of Education attempted to transform its long existing Resource Centre into a CTL, somewhat unsuccessfully compared to the standards set abroad. The data for my study was gathered mainly from questionnaires that were sent to 300 academic staff at the University of Durban Westville. Additional data was collected via interviews with staff at the existing CTL and correspondence with other national institutes that housed a CTL. Analysis of the data revealed that the CTL was not properly launched and marketed within the university. Staff that worked at the CTL felt that the introduction of the CTL demanded new roles


This chapter is concerned with the analysis of finances and commerce developed by the Jacobite historian Thomas Carte in his General History (1744–51). Economic arguments, it is shown were at the heart of Carte's work; indeed, underpinning his commentary on England's history was a desire to demonstrate that the sort of absolutism practiced by the Stuart Kings had the capacity to bring both order and commercial wealth to the nation. The discussion traces the origins of this approach to Carte's work as a pamphleteer in the early 1740s, before examining the ways in which it shaped his analyses of both ancient and modern history.


Introduction: Obesity and dyslipidemia are emerging as major public health challenges in South Asian countries. The prevalence of obesity is more in urban areas than rural. Increasing obesity and dyslipidemia in South Asians is primarily driven by nutrition, lifestyle and demographic transitions, increasingly faulty diets and physical inactivity, in the background of genetic predisposition. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the glycaemic status with BMI and lipid profile in a group of official population of Bangladesh. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in BIRDEM General Hospital during a period of one year from January 2013 to December 2013. 599 Working officials of 50 years of age and above were studied during their yearly health checkup. Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to assess the general obesity. This population group was also assessed for Metabolic Derangement by Fasting Blood Glucose, 2 Hours after Breakfast Blood Glucose, HbA1C and fasting Lipid Profile. Results: 470 out of 599 study populations had some form of glycaemic abnormality. Diabetes Mellitus Type-2 were found in 238 (39.73%), 113 (18.86%) had IGT and 119 (19.86%) had IFG. It was revealed from BMI assessment that 48.4% of the study population was overweight and 12.8% had obesity of different grades. All patients were evaluated for lipid status in fasting state. 326 (54.4%) had raised LDL, 361 (61.3%) low HDL and 289 (48.2%) had raised Triglycerides. Conclusion: This study reflects the high incidence of overweight subjects with more tendency to have lower HDL, high LDL and Triglyceride cholesterol. There was also high incidence of abnormal Glycaemic status in this specific small group of population focusing the future needs of thorough assessment at multicentre level in different groups of population to estimate the real scenario of the nation. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2017; 5(1): 42-47


Since Emsley (1963, Copeia No. 3. Sept. 25. pp. 576-577) published "A Consideration of the List of Snakes Recorded from Trinidad" a complete listing of the Snakes of Trinidad with literature references has not heen made. Herewith is given such a list, based on the most recent available literature. Wherever necessary, notes have been added.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Fddd structure of SI diblock copolymer melts in PS-rich region MIKIHITO TAKENAKA, MYUNG IM KIM, KUNIAKI MATSUDA, HIROKAZU HASEGAWA, Kyoto Uinversity, KYOTO UNIVERSITY TEAM — We previously confirmed Fddd structure exists as an equilibrium structure in polystyrene-blockpolyisoprene (SI) diblock copolymer melts in polyisoprene (PI) rich region. The, we determined the stable region of Fddd structure in the phase diagram of SI diblock copolymers. In this study, we investigated whether Fddd structure is formed in polystyrene (PS) rich region by using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy. We found the Fddd region in PS-rich region and the region exists as an equilibrium phase. As found in Fddd structure in PI-rich region, the ratio of unit cell parameters (a:b:c) estimated from the peak positions of the scattering function agrees with the result of the theoretical calculation by Tyler et al., and the higher order reflections 022, and 004 overlaps with the reflection 111 at the first order peak. Mikihito Takenaka Kyoto Uinversity Date submitted: 20 Nov 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


A general model for spatial databases is considered, which extends the relational model by allowing as tuple components not only atomic values but also geometrical figures. The model, which is inspired by the work of Kanellakis, Kuper and Revesz on constraint query languages, includes a calculus and an algebra which are equivalent. Given this framework, the concept of spatial database query is investigated. Thereto, Chandra and Harel's well-known consistency criterion for classical relational queries is adapted. Various adaptations are proposed, depending on the kinds of geometry in which the spatial information in the database is to be interpreted. The consistency problem for calculus queries is studied. Expressiveness issues are examined. The main purpose of the paper is to open up new grounds for theoretical research in the area of spatial database systems. Consequently, many open problems are indicated.


PURPOSE: A method for providing an analysis service of a real estate to investigate possibility of a project is provided to predict a request and limits according to statutes and regulations of a local government in advance, thereby providing possibility by a project for a plan target place or a business target place. CONSTITUTION: A target place is inputted from a user terminal. Analysis and determination of possibility by business for the target place are performed based on a selection item(S150). A database is constructed(S160). A prediction result is offered to the user terminal(S170).


International Studies in the Philosophy of Science received 46 unsolicited article manuscripts in 2011. The editor rejected 5 manuscripts without seeking further advice, on the grounds that they fell outside the scope of the journal or failed to meet minimum standards of scholarship. The editor sent the other 41 manuscripts to referees. We rejected 17 manuscripts in the light of the referees' comments, and invited the author to send a revised manuscript in 20 cases. We have received 13 revised manuscripts so far, and we have accepted all of these for publication. In the case of 4 manuscripts, our refereeing process is not yet complete. Refereeing is shared by members of the editorial board, listed on the inside front cover of each issue, in the title pages of each volume of the journal, and on the journal website, and by external referees. The external referees who worked for us in 2011 are listed below. Referees have two main responsibilities: to judge the contribution that a manuscript could make to debates in its area, and to offer suggestions for improvements. We thank all our referees for providing this service to the profession. As every year, the editor reviewed the state of the journal in April 2011 with editorial board members attending the Annual Philosophy of Science Conference, InterUniversity Centre, Dubrovnik, the forum in which ISPS was founded in 1986. We are grateful to all members of the editorial board for representing the journal and scouting for promising manuscripts. In the European Science Foundation's European Reference Index for the Humanities (ERIH), ISPS was placed in category INT1 in the Revised List 2011 for the discipline Philosophy of Science. The ERIH defines category INT1 as covering international publications with high visibility and influence among researchers in the various research domains in different countries, regularly cited all over the world. It is a pleasure to thank everyone at Taylor & Francis Ltd. who worked on ISPS in 2011: Atalanta Willcox, production editor; Loren Diclaudio, managing editor; Meredith Carroll, Lynn Degele, and Katherine Jopling, publishing editors; and Katharine Brown and Mark Robinson, marketing executives. We again look forward to presenting to subscribers and readers the best contributions to philosophy of science offered to us in the coming year.


The integral equation method of smoothing (IEMS) is applied to the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE) weighted by the exponential \exp (jk_{1}\zeta) where \zeta is the stochastic surface height. An integral equation in coordinate space for the average of the product of the surface current and the exponential factor is developed. The exact closed-form solution of this integral equation is obtained based on the specularity of the average scattered field. The complex amplitude of the average scattered field is thus determined by an algebraic equation which clearly shows the effects of multiple scattering on the surface. In addition, it is shown how the incoherent scattered power can be obtained using this method. Comparisons with the Kirchhoff approximation and the dishonest approach are presented, and the first-order smoothing result is shown to be superior to both.


The paper presents a reliable control design strategy for a cable-stayed bridge benchmark using two disjoint subsystems and a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) design. Reliability with regard to controller failures is considered. The control design includes two stages. Local controllers are designed for reduced-order subsystems of expanded system in the design stage. They are implemented and evaluated on the original overall systems model in the consequent working stage. Two different sets of numerical experiments of reliable control design for 2 parallel controllers supposing that any one may fail. It is known as 1-out-2 controller failure structure. Reliable controllers have been systematically tested using a SIMULINK scheme and compared to the benchmark sample centralized LQG design. The performance of the reliable control design has been assessed by means of given benchmark evaluation criteria, eigenvalue analysis and time responses. The dynamics of the closed-loop benchmark model with this multiple controller exhibits an acceptable behavior though slightly worse than in the centralized case. The main result is a practical well working 1-out-2 reliable controller designed for the benchmark cable-stayed bridge.


Evaluating the QoE of video streaming and its influence factors has become paramount for streaming providers, as they want to maintain high satisfaction for their customers. In this context, crowdsourced user studies became a valuable tool to evaluate different factors which can affect the perceived user experience on a large scale.In general, we observed that most of these crowdsourcing studies either use an in vivo or an in vitro design. In vivo design means that the study participant has to rate the QoE of a video that is embedded in an application similar to a real streaming service, e.g., YouTube or Netflix. In vitro design refers to a setting, in which the video stream is separated from a specific service and thus, the video plays on a plain background. Although these designs vary widely, the results are often compared and generalized.Therefore, in this work, we investigate the influence of these two study design alternatives on the perceived QoE. In crowdsourced user studies, participants rate the video streaming with respect to different stalling patterns (no stalling, different positions) and study designs (in vivo or in vitro). Contrary to our expectations, the results indicate that there is statistically no significant influence of the study design on the perceived video QoE and acceptance. In addition, we found that the in vivo design does not reduce the test takers' attentiveness.


The author raises a number of issues related to the Philippines' participation in APEC. First is the issue of whether the country's economic interests are consistent with the objectives of APEC. The author surveys the policy goals and current initiatives towards economic liberalization in the country and notes the "attitudinal shift" among business leaders, both of which appear to be consistent with the APEC vision of creating a free and open trade and investment regime in the Asia-Pacific region. The second issue addressed is whether the country needs APEC. Finally, the author presents some of the expectations as well as apprehensions of a developing country like the Philippines, given the requirements of membership in APEC.


A model predictive current control (MPCC) method that does not employ a cost function is proposed. The MPCC method can decrease common-mode voltages in loads fed by three-phase voltage-source inverters. Only non-zero-voltage vectors are considered as finite control elements to regulate load currents and decrease common-mode voltages. Furthermore, the three-phase future reference voltage vector is calculated on the basis of an inverse dynamics model, and the location of the one-step future voltage vector is determined at every sampling period. Given this location, a non-zero optimal future voltage vector is directly determined without repeatedly calculating the cost values obtained by each voltage vector through a cost function. Without utilizing the zero-voltage vectors, the proposed MPCC method can restrict the common-mode voltage within ± Vdc/6, whereas the common-mode voltages of the conventional MPCC method vary within ± Vdc/2. The performance of the proposed method with the reduced common-mode voltage and no cost function is evaluated in terms of the total harmonic distortions and current errors of the load currents. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method operated without a cost function, which can reduce the common-mode voltage.


The John E. Skinner Delta Fish Protective Facility (Skinner Fish Facility) diverts entrained fish from the State Water Project's pumping facilities in the southern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (the Delta) and transports them via tanker trucks away from the immediate influence of the export pumps. During this process, the fish are counted and released back into the Delta, generally known as fish salvage. Since fish are caught and released back into the Delta, this whole process involves various points that can be stressful to fish, such as the Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), a state and federally listed species. To understand this process and improve fish facilities function, an investigation was conducted in 2005–2006, in which we evaluated sublethal stress associated with the terminal portion of the fish salvage process. This study included fish collection, handling, transportation, and release (CHTR) away from the export facilities. Physiological stress parameters for Delta Smelt were measured in the Skinner Fish Facility. We inserted wild and cultured adult Delta Smelt into the CHTR process and later sampled for plasma cortisol, glucose, and lactate, which typically respond to acute and cumulative stress in fish. To help identify the source of overall stress response, we partitioned CHTR into three test phases: collection and handling, trucking and release, and uninterrupted CHTR. Differences in the delayed stress response between the different phases of CHTR were evaluated. Delta Smelt experienced stress in all phases of the CHTR process and in experimental handling controls indicated by higher plasma cortisol concentrations compared to their pre-experiment levels. Wild Delta Smelt experienced higher levels of cortisol response and took longer to recover than did cultured Delta Smelt.


Spontaneous intrathyroidal hemorrhage is a rare phenomenon in medicine. Previous reports have described precipitating factors that lead to the condition; however, there is no prior report of the condition in a patient with a hypertensive emergency. The authors presented a case of a deceased 59-year-old male brought to the hospital with loss of consciousness in an episode of hypertensive emergency. The subsequent autopsy revealed hemorrhagic stroke as the cause of death and an incidental finding of intrathyroidal hemorrhage in a thyroid nodule. Further literature review revealed the demographic data as well as the presentation and progression of the patients with the condition. No cases of intrathyroidal hemorrhage and hypertensive emergency have been reported. Airway compression in thyroid hemorrhage can be rapid and fatal. In most cases, surgical intervention is usually required. In cases of spontaneous hemorrhage, there were always thyroid lesions. The present case is an early report of spontaneous intrath roidal hemorrhage in a hypertensive emergency. Airway protection should be prioritized in case of intrathyroidal hemorrhage. Furthermore, attempt should be made to identify the underlying thyroid pathology. Extensive history taking can also guide attending physicians and pathologists to distinguish between spontaneous and traumatic hemorrhage. In addition, to prevent a fatal consequence, neck examination should also be performed in patients with hypertensive emergency.

Keywords: Thyroid; Hemorrhage; Hypertensive emergency; Hemorrhagic stroke; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Autopsy


"Farmer Producer Companies are emerging as an innovative model to transform agriculture into a profitable business venture by leveraging the collectives of small and marginal farmers through economies of scale with better bargaining power, better value addition facilities, better access to farming technologies, better input supply, and better market accessibility. Financial performance indicates the financial health and resource utilization efficiency of a business organization or a company over a certain period. In the present study, a comparative analysis of balance sheets and income statements was made for five different Farmer Producer Companies of Eastern Uttar Pradesh to identify the pattern of change in various financial components from 2019-20 to 2020-21. Based on the analysis, the important findings were that reserve and surpluses were significantly increased for most of the FPCs for future business expansion, three FPCs reported increased total liabilities, and all of the FPCs managed to grow their total assets compared to the previous year. The revenue growth rate for three FPCs was below par. The performance of the FPCs in respective to net profit after tax was asymmetric. Out of five, only four FPCs were able to meet all the operational expenses from the revenue generated out of business activities and hence, considered profit-making. Moreover, the overall financial performance of the FPCs was disrupted due to the wrath of the Covid-19 pandemic."


The Genus Sanctanus was erected by Ball[2][1] in 1932 to include a small group of species formerly placed in Scaphoideus . He cited Scaphoideus sanctus Say as the genotype. In addition he placed fasciatus Osb., cruciatus Osb., orbiculatus Ball, aestaurium DeL. & S., limnicolus Osb., eburneus DeL. and fusconotatus Osb. in the Genus Sanctanus . Later Oman,[3][2] 1934, made a key to the species of the genus in which he included tectus which he described at that time. In 1938 Beamer[4][3] described balli as closely related to sanctus . This previous work included largely North American species. Recently the writers have been studying a large amount of material belonging to this genus, which was collected in Mexico. As a result it has been found that five new species, similarus, pallidens, galbus, apicalis and elongates are closely related to sanctus and balli . One other, elegans , is more closely related to orbiculatus . In the fasciatus group there are apparently five species occurring in Mexico, four of which, virgatus, marginellus, sonorus and dampfi , are apparently new and closely related to fasciatus and cruciatus . In color pattern many of these species could scarcely be distinguished from closely related forms unless the male genital characters are used. In the sanctus group the aedeagus is quite similar in type in several of the species but the character of the style will distinguish them very easily. In the fasciatus group the aedeagus and styles are similar in type but the characters of the plates will separate these into species and the color patterns are of assistance in a few cases. The male genitalia of fusconotatus and aestuarium are very similar and unique. The color pattern of the head will distinguish these species and the vertex in fusconotatus is apparently more produced than in aestuarium .

 [1]: #fn-1
 [2]: #fn-2
 [3]: #fn-3


Abstract In this paper, authors propose an efficient system for the segmentation of lesions in digital mammograms. The proposed detection system comprises three steps. In the first step, efficient pre-processing technique is developed using top-hat morphological transform, wavelet transform, and morphological opening–closing reconstruction filter followed by median filter. In the second step, threshold selection procedure is developed using a combination of Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering and Otsu global thresholding method. Finally, computed threshold is used to binarize the pre-processed image thereby yielding the suspicious mass regions from it. The free response operating characteristics (FROC) curve is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Proposed system achieved the sensitivity of 94% at the rate of 1.30 false positives per image.


Tongue diagnosis is an important method in TCM. Teeth marks are objective indexes of the diagnosis of qi deficiency. One method on teeth marks recognition is based on detecting the size of concave regions. The concave regions are caused by the bending of the tip and margin of the tongue, and the lip shades are easy to be misjudged into teeth marks. The pose and asymmetry of the tongue body also affect the judgment. Another method to identify teeth marks is to calculate concavity and convexity of the margin of the tongue. The narrow and long concave regions whose concavity is not deep are easy to be misjudged into teeth marks. Accordingly, this paper proposed a new method to extract teeth marks by calculating the slope of the margin of the tongue and the length and degree of the concave regions. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.


In this papaer the authors make a revision of the genus Rhopalias Stiles & Hassall, 1898, confirm four species and invalidate two. So, under this genus, we have: R. coronatus (Rud., 1819), R. horridus (Diesing, 1850) R. baculifer Braun, 1901 and R. macracanthus Chandler, 1932. All of them are well described by means of comparative tables and drawings.


The present invention relates to a fuel quantity is determined on how the rest of the fuel cell system and a cartridge for applying the cartridge, the liquid fuel stored. The fuel cell system of the present invention the fuel cell stack, a fuel pump for sucking fuel stored in the fuel cartridge, a coupler and the fuel of the fuel cartridge for generating power by the fuel cartridge, the electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxygen for storing fuel and from the pressure change in the pressure sensor, a pressure sensor which is located in between the fuel pump comprising a fuel inlet is determined to determine the closest point of the fuel exhaustion in the fuel cartridge. According to the present invention, it is possible to pre-detect the exhaustion of the fuel cartridge at a low manufacturing cost, it is possible to prevent damage to the fuel cell MEA, it is possible to prevent the user to which the damage or inconvenience unexpected. The fuel cartridge, a pouch, determining the amount of fuel, the fuel cell, DMFC


Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) promoted eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and reduced ejection fraction (EF) in a large animal model of PVC‐induced cardiomyopathy (PVC‐CM), but the molecular mechanisms and markers of this hypertrophic remodeling remain unexplored. Healthy mongrel canines were implanted with pacemakers to deliver bigeminal PVCs (50% burden with 200–220 ms coupling interval). After 12 weeks, left ventricular (LV) free wall samples were studied from PVC‐CM and Sham groups. In addition to reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF), the PVC‐CM group showed larger cardiac myocytes without evident ultrastructural alterations compared to the Sham group. Biochemical markers of pathological hypertrophy, such as store‐operated Ca2+ entry, calcineurin/NFAT pathway, β‐myosin heavy chain, and skeletal type α‐actin were unaltered in the PVC‐CM group. In contrast, pro‐hypertrophic and antiapoptotic pathways including ERK1/2 and AKT/mTOR were activated and/or overexpressed in the PVC‐CM group, which appeared counterbalanced by an overexpression of protein phosphatase 1 and a borderline elevation of the anti‐hypertrophic factor atrial natriuretic peptide. Moreover, the potent angiogenic and pro‐hypertrophic factor VEGF‐A and its receptor VEGFR2 were significantly elevated in the PVC‐CM group. In conclusion, a molecular program is in place to keep this structural remodeling associated with frequent PVCs as an adaptive pathological hypertrophy.


We derive the kinetic equation for fermions and antifermions interacting with a planar Higgs bubble wall during the electroweak phase transition using the 'evenization' procedure. Equations of motion in a relativistic quantum theory do not mirror classical relations unless one uses evenized operators. We give a brief introduction to evenization and then use the evenized Heisenberg equations of motion to obtain the velocity and force for the particles in the presence of the Higgs bubble wall. Keeping quantum contributions to O(({Dirac_h}/2{pi})) in the equations of motion, we obtain the semiclassical force obtained earlier by other techniques.


Abstract : For the shock-induced unsteady boundary layers over a flat plate installed in a shock tube, the effect of velocity profile, not of surface cooling and compressibility, on the transition into turbulence is estimated by using Wazzan's relation. The locus of the points of instability are drawn on the x-t diagram, where the lowering of instability points is found in the unsteady interaction region. The limiting case that the shock waves become weak correspond to that which the incompressible fluid starts to move impulsively. This flow is achieved in an intermittent liquid tunnel. And the transition of unsteady flat plate boundary layer is observed to take place earlier than the time predicted from the linearized theory.


The Pteraichnus trackmaker is usually hypothesized to be either a pterosaur or a crocodilian. Though the latter interpretation is recently not widely accepted, more experimental work on trackways of extant crocodilians is necessary to settle the debate. Here, the trackways of three species of modern crocodiles (Paleosuchus trigonatus, Crocodylus porosus, and Tomistoma schlegelii) in all major gaits and postures, namely sprawling, walking and running, were compared with Pteraichnus trackways. In all experimentally generated crocodilian trackways pentadactyl manus tracks are recognized, the external width between pes tracks is wider than the corresponding internal width between manus tracks, and tail marks are usually present. All crocodilian trackways collected in the present study revealed significant differences from Pteraichnus, which strongly suggests a non-crocodilian origin of Pteraichnus.


There are a device and a method is known in which the voltage of a paper roll during the winding of the paper is selectively changeable. The process should allow an economic change of properties of the paper machine clothing. According to the invention the paper machine clothing is specifically for the purpose of bringing about uniformed properties of the fabric, especially in sieve-transverse direction, ie limited in spatial and temporal terms, processed. Such processing can, by changing the voltage in a part of the fabric and / or cleaning at least a part of the screen and / or by applying a layer of low fluid permeability on at least a part of the covering and / or cooling or heating a portion of the Tension done. Change the properties of a paper machine clothing, especially a dryer screen in a paper machine.


In modern society, "energy saving and emission reduction" has become a hot issue in scientific research nowadays. In this paper, the emission reduction of CO2 and adjustment scheme on energy consumption structure of the major industries are studied. We conclude that carbondioxide emission of every industry should be reduced. Among them, mining industry has to reduce up to 30.79%. From the adjustment scheme, it is clear that consumptions of electricity power should be controlled because of its low economic efficiency. And the energy consumption structure of transportation industry has higher energy consumption efficiency than other industries. What's more, the energy consumption structure of water and electricity supply industry needs further adjustments.


Objective To compare the difference of patients' survival time,disease progressionfree survival,drug susceptibility,drug safety between pemetrexed and single symptomatic supportive treatment in patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma.Methods Twenty patients with relapsing malignant pleural mesothelioma were randomly divided into two groups,11 cases were treated with pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 was administered to patients on day 1 cycle of a 3-weeks,15 cases were treated only with single symptomatic supportive treatment.Results There was no significantly difference in median survival time between treatment group and control group(8.land 7.6 months ; P =0.775).Median progression-free survival time was respectively 3.2 months and 1.7 months (P < 0.005).Partial response rate was 18.2% and 0% and the disease control rate was 63.6% and 13.3%.7% patients had modest grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities,the chemotherapy was well tolerated.Conclusions The effect of pemetrexed on patients with advanced malignant pleural mosethelioma is good.

Key words:
Pemetrexed;  Malignant pleural mesothelioma;  Symptomatic and supportive treatment


of evidence about the moral and interpersonal dimension of the patient's disorder, and is as relevant as a feeling about the dangerousness of a patient in a forensic assessment. In so far as the PD patient can control aspects of his or her behaviour, feedback about suffering or discomfort the patient's behaviour, feedback about suffering or discomfort the patient's behaviour causes others is a necessary part of the therapeutic process (the therapist stands in symbolically for †̃¿ others' here). Under standing the PD patient's dilemma involves making an appropriate and helpful response which may or may not involve †̃¿ sympathy' at a given point in time. I would argue that PD is a valid clinical diagnosis when a developmental perspective is adopted. The aim in a diagnostic assessment of PD would be not to elicit symptoms but to trace a developmental path way "¿ with the particular pathway followed always being determined by the interaction of the person ality as it has so far developed and the environment in which it then finds itself―(Bowlby, 1988). By viewing the PD patient's present state as a part of a process of complex interactions it is no surprise to perceive control and dyscontrol, healthy and unhealthy responses. Neither is it then a surprise to find the PD patient eliciting a variety of responses in the diagnostician. It seems more useful to view PD as a maladaptive trajectory which the therapist meets (or does not!) side on and has first to reconstruct back wards through a dialogue with the patient in order to negotiate a change of direction forwards. While we continue to view PD through the polarity of ill or not-ill, we are surely unlikely to progress in this under-conceptualised and under-researched area of mental disorder. That PD is a clinical reality which urgently requires a more appropriate conceptual and therapeutic framework is underlined in a recent study of 50465 conscripts, which found that PD carrieda threefold riskofsubsequentsuicide relative to controls (Allebeck eta!, 1988).


The poultry industry has required effective nutritional programs to obtain the exact supply of nutrients to animals, to reduce costs, and to minimize the environmental impacts arising from excreta from animal production. Among such nutrients, there are vitamins and minerals, essential for animal development, since they participate in numerous physiological processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and yield of carcass and noble cuts yield of female broilers fed diets supplemented with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ) and reduced levels of calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (P av ). A randomized block design was used, with six treatments (0.0; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 and 5.0 µg of active vitamin D 3 /kg of diet), and six repetitions with 17 birds each (n=612). The active vitamin D 3 studied (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -glycoside) was of herbal origin, derived from Solanum glaucophyllum . The supplementary use up to 5 µg 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 /kg of feed associated with suboptimal levels of Ca and P av , there was a linear decrease in feed consumption (p<0.05), improvement in feed conversion (p<0.05), and satisfactory results of carcass yields and commercial noble cuts (breast and thigh + drumstick)  of female broilers at 42 days of age.


The urban transit railway is facing the challenge to increase the social demand for metro, to satisfy the rapid and punctual movement, and to operate economically enhanced security and safety train. This paper discusses upgrading new train control system with ATC/ATO for low costs and effective operations in Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit through Driverless train operation test in the Seoul 8 line. This paper also presents the best operability and availability of driverless operation(UTO/DTO) with ATC/ATO in view of onboard and wayside systems.


Results are presented for the Ukrainian laboratory testing of the battery of bioassays designed within the program WaterTox, including Allium cepa, Lactuca sativa, Daphnia magna, Hydra attenuata, Panagrellus redivivus, and Salmonella typhimurium, for toxicity and mutagenicity assessment of given organic and inorganic substances in water samples. Each of the bioassays was characterized with respect to its practical use. Experiments were carried out over the period of 1 year with six series of four blind samples each, for a total of 24 samples analyzed. In the results, test organisms were ranked according to their sensitivity to toxic impact as follows: nematode


Background: The present study was undertaken to study the histopathological features of leprosy in skin punch biopsies and to categories them in to various type based on microscopy and bacterial index. The aim of study was to know the role of histopathology in diagnosis of Hansen's disease and to study the clinicohistopathological correlations of suspected cases of Hansen's disease. Materials and methods: A retrospective hospital-based study of clinically diagnosed leprosy cases was conducted over a period of one year (April 2021 to March 2022). Lesional skin biopsies obtained were fixed, processed and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) followed by Fite-Faraco staining. The lesions were classified on microscopy as per Ridley-Jopling classification. Results: 63 Skin biopsies were obtained from patients with age range of 14-72 years. Highest incidence was in age group of 31 – 50 years. There was male predominance with male to female ratio of 2:1. Clinically borderline Hansen's (BB) (25.40%) was the most frequent subtype observed followed by borderline lepromatous (BLH) (19.04%) and lepromatous Hansen's (LL) (19.04%). On histopathology we found tuberculoid Hansen's (TT) (28.57%) was the most frequently observed subtype followed by borderline tuberculoid Hansen's (BT) (19.04%). Fite stain revealed lepromatous bacilli in all cases of LL, BL, histoid and indeterminate Hansen's; whereas bacilli could be demonstrated in six cases of BB, eight cases of BT and two cases of TT. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of leprosy is clinically difficult as patient present in different clinicopathological form, depending on host immune status. Therefore combined clinical, histopathological and bacteriological features are required for accurate diagnosis and classification.


This paper mainly introduces the research and development process of tea bud identification. Identification of tea bud is one of the key technologies of automatic tea picking. In this paper, RGB analysis was carried out on the collected images of tea bud, and it was found that the method of displaying each component of the image and histogram could not directly find the bud. After using HSI color transformation, it was found that the characteristics of young buds were relatively obvious. In order to compare and analyze the results of color space transformation, HSV space transformation is used and the picture is segmented. The method of combining three channel components by setting threshold value could obtain the image of young buds, and the practical application effect was good.


The point-to-point destination (P2D) system is a robot motion system to reach the destination position by providing cartesian input coordinates for the initial and destination places. Confined areas such as airports can use this system to make it easier for users to carry goods from one point to another. This study aims to design a semi-autonomous mobile robot based on linear odometry using four E18-D80NK infrared proximity sensors. The mobile robot's initial position and destination position is initiated by providing input (initial cartesian axis) and output (end cartesian axis) values on the gadget device connected to the mobile robot wirelessly via Bluetooth communication. The results of the infrared-based heading angle reading test result in an average measurement error of 1.90%. Then, the results of the infrared-based distance test produce an average measurement error of 1.83%. The results of testing the point-to-point destination system have an average error of reading the destination coordinates as follows in quadrant I of 2.25%, in quadrant II of 1.34%, in quadrant III of 5.01 %, and quadrant IV of 4.87%.


Check box can accomplish the function of multiple choice in VB.In practical work,we frequently use check box to complete the function of complex query.This paper gives example to discuss the methods of use check box to achieve complex query.


The Hoffman Process (HP) is a unique intensive, psycho-emotional education program in which 90,000 people have participated worldwide over the past 40-plus years. The Hoffman Process is currently offered in 11 countries. A review of existing research from 1985 to 2013 shows that participating in the week-long program has a positive and lasting effect on overall psychological adjustment, in particular reducing negative affect while improving positive affect, health and wellbeing. The relationship with oneself and with family members has also been found to benefit from the HP, along with professional performance and emotional competence in the work environment. The Process is in line with recent and mainstream scientific disciplines, and its techniques concur with various evidence-based methods in a structured and practiceoriented manner. Several renowned scientists have provided testimonials on their own experience and appraisals of the HP.


Purpose: To make a proposal for the analysis of attitudes of the local resident towards the visitor through a critical reconstruction of the Doxey Irritation Index. Methodological design: A literature search was first conducted to test the Doxey model empirically identifying its virtues and limitations in order to generate a proposal. Results: The irritation index helps to identify the attitudes of the local community with respect to tourism; however, it has been criticized for its heterogeneous vision of attitudes, the linear and sequential process of its stages, and finally, the temporality of its short-term vision. Research limitations: Since it is a proposal, an empirical test is necessary in different tourist destinations. Findings: The proposal tries to mitigate the limitations of the irritation index with the integration of different elements by recommending a new possibility to explain and analyze the impact of tourist activity and the attitudes of residents.


How does one indicate objects in a drawn map while they are traveling to a specific destination? How are these notations, which are frequently anecdotal in nature, understood by those who are not familiar with the environment? This twophase study examines qualities of hand-drawn maps drawn by subjects while en-route towards a specific destination. Next, another participant (who is unfamiliar with the geographic area drawn on the map) tests the accuracy of the map and its notations as the participant navigates the route drawn on the map. Using categorical coding and content analysis of the items noted on the map, statistical analysis is used to find correlations of activities and landmarks along one's path in a Midwestern university campus and community. viii


NEW DRUG FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Doclofenac sodium (Voltarolv , Geigy-a nonhormonal, non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent) is described as a new antirheumatic but in fact it was first released abroad in 1974 as Voltaren and is already used in 110 countries overseas . Since that time it has steadily climbed the popularity charts until it is now No. 1 in four European countries. There have been some 360 publications on the drug, including reports of controlled double-blind comparative clinical trials against placebo, ibuprofen and indomethacin in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis as well, so its launch in the UK this year can hardly be described as precipitate. In efficacy Voltarol stands comparison with other powerful antirheumatics. In terms of relief of earlymorning stiffness, pain and inflammation, it was roughly on a par (dose for dose) with indomethacin, but had the advantage of greater freedom from withdrawal necessitated by side effects (3.48% as against 8.1070). The commonest side effects are gastrointestinal, usually mild, and usually disappearing after a few days without any need to reduce the dose, which is generally of the order of 100 mg/day (two 25mg tablets twice daily) taken with a meal. Although toxicity testing of new drugs is extremely stringent nowadays, and takes two years , the good drug houses keep up their vigilance. Geigy report that, at a time when ten million patients had been treated with Voltaren, the following noteworthy adverse effects had been reported: 18 cases of haematological disturbance of one sort or another, including two of aplastic anaemia (but factors other than treatment with Voltaren were clearly present here); six cases of jaundice; and some skin conditions. It is of course difficult to know how much importance to attach to these figures without knowing, for comparison, what the incidence of these conditions would be in ten million persons not taking Voltaren, in whom the cause could not be ascribed with certainty.


In this paper, we study the solution of a certain non-smooth eigenvalue problem, using operator-splitting methods to solve an equivalent, constrained minimization problem. We present the Marchuk–Yanenko and Peaceman–Rachford schemes for solving the problem and compare their performance numerically on some model problems. The Peaceman–Rachford scheme turns out to be superior to the Marchuk–Yanenko scheme in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. Dedicated to J. Douglas, G. Marchuk, D. Peaceman, H. Rachford, and G. Strang for their contributions to operator-splitting methods.


Aberrant glycosylation occurs in essentially all types of experimental and human cancers, as has been observed for over 35 years, and many glycosyl epitopes constitute tumor-associated antigens. A long-standing debate is whether aberrant glycosylation is a result or a cause of cancer. Many recent studies indicate that some, if not all, aberrant glycosylation is a result of initial oncogenic transformation, as well as a key event in induction of invasion and metastasis. Glycosylation promoting or inhibiting tumor cell invasion and metastasis is of crucial importance in current cancer research. Nevertheless, this area of study has received little attention from most cell biologists involved in cancer research, mainly because structural and functional concepts of glycosylation in cancer are more difficult to understand than the functional role of certain proteins and their genes in defining cancer cell phenotypes. Glycosylation appears to be considered "in the shade" of more popular topics such as oncogenes and antioncogenes, apoptosis, angiogenesis, growth factor receptors, integrin and caderin function, etc., despite the fact that aberrant glycosylation profoundly affects all of these processes. The apoptotic signaling triggered by glycosylation presents an immense challenge for future study.

The concept of glycosylation-dependent promotion or inhibition of tumor progression has developed in conjunction with clinicopathological studies. High expression of some glycosyl epitopes promotes invasion and metastasis, leading to shorter 5–10 year survival rates of patients, whereas expression of some other glycosyl epitopes suppresses tumor progression, leading to higher postoperative survival rates (for review see refs. 1 and 38). The former category of epitopes includes β6GlcNAc branching in N -linked structure; sialyl-Tn in O -linked structure; sialyl-Lex, sialyl-Lea, and Ley in either N -linked, O -linked, or lipid-linked structure; GM2, GD3, and sialyl-Gb5 in lipid-linked structure. The latter category includes β4GlcNAc competitive with β6GlcNAc; histo-blood group A …


This case examines a freshman on her high school swim team who broke her neck diving into shallow water during a swim meet. The court heard arguments based on negligence and who is responsible for the accident.


UNLABELLED
•

PREMISE OF THE STUDY
An association between polyploidy and gender dimorphism has been noted in several plant lineages. Whereas the majority of Lycium species are diploid and have hermaphroditic flowers in cosexual populations, gender dimorphism (gynodioecy, dioecy) has been shown to be uniformly associated with polyploidy in previous studies. Preliminary field observations suggested that some populations of Lycium carolinianum were dimorphic, providing a test of this association.•

METHODS
We assessed sexual systems and cytotype variation (to infer ploidy) across 17 populations of L. carolinianum. Comparison of flowers in cosexual and dimorphic populations were used to infer changes in reproductive morphology associated with the evolution of gynodioecy.•

KEY RESULTS
The majority of populations were cosexual in gender expression, but dimorphism was present in the Yucatán and in some populations in Hawaii. Populations varied in ploidy and were either diploid or tetraploid. Floral sexual dimorphism was present in all gynodioecious populations, though the magnitude differed and was cryptic in some cases. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that following the evolution of gynodioecy, flowers on hermaphrodites increased in size.•

CONCLUSIONS
Dimorphic sexual systems have likely evolved convergently in L. carolinianum. In contrast to previous studies, dimorphism is not perfectly associated with polyploidy. Although our sample from the Yucatán was both tetraploid and dimorphic, all populations in Hawaii were diploid regardless of sexual system. Ongoing phylogeographic and mating system studies will contribute to our understanding of reproductive evolution in this widespread, polymorphic species.


P. 1 3 3 : I should perhaps have drawn together what can be said about the history of the manuscripts and books in Berlin and Oxford that belonged to Heinsius. The history of those in Oxford is straightforward: they were bought at the auction in 1683 by Ed. Bernard, Savilian Professor of Astronomy, and sold to the Bodleian by his widow after his death in 1697. Cf. Tho. Smith, Vita clarissimi et doctissimi viri Edwardi Bernardi (London 1704) 42-3, and Wood, Athenae Oxonienses IV (ed. Bliss, London 1820) 707-10. Those that were left by H.F.Diez in 18 17 to the Royal Library in Berlin (now the Deutsche Staatsbibliothek) had not all been together since 1683, and their history, when it is not revealed by signatures of ownership, must be traced through the auction catalogues of Santen (Leyden 1800), the younger Burman (Leyden 1779), Joh. de Witt (Amsterdam 1736 and Dordrecht 1701), Broukhusius (Amsterdam 1708), Francius (Amsterdam 1705), and others (the signature of Hadr. Relandus, for instance, appears in some of the manuscripts, but I have not seen an auction catalogue of his library). Santen certainly owned all of them, and probably Burman before him (a laborious comparison of the two catalogues with Bibliotheca Heinsiana would decide), but no-one else. From the library of Joh. de Witt some of Heinsius's manuscripts also reached the Bodleian: at least one from the catalogue of 1701 is in the Rawlinson collection (Tho. Rawlinson visited the continent in 1705)1), and at least


In recent years, Services of General Economic Interest (SGEI)1 have gained importance in fields such as transport or postal services as they open a valuable possibility to derogate from the strict dictate of EC internal market and competition law. Yet there are two crucial problems with this concept. In the first place, neither legislation nor case law currently provide a clear-cut definition.2 Secondly, an academic and judicial battlefield exists as to the limits within which such services can actually be financed by the state.3 It is problematic that governments, and especially local municipalities, have to decide which service they can bring under this concept. This also effects how much funding they can give to a market operator for rendering services. If a mistake is made, and a competitor brings the case to court, the market operator will have to repay the money. This can cause financial problems for companies, both during and beyond the current economic crisis.4 In the 2003 Altmark judgment, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) developed a simple four step test under Article 107(1) TFEU (ex Article 87(1) TEC).5 If it is fulfilled,


The ZEV (zero emission vehicle) requirement mandated by the State of California has generated renewed interest in the development of electric vehicles (EVs). The impact of an eventual transition to EVs on the Canada transportation system, the energy sector, the urban infrastructure, and the economy as a whole cannot be ignored. Natural Resources Canada, Environment Canada, and Transport Canada have set up a cooperative long-term program to evaluate EV technologies. This three-phase program, covering EVs, HEVs (hybrids), and EV infrastructures, is described, as well as the status of the testing and evaluation of a Ford ECOSTAR EV, a Chrysler TEVAN EV, and an ESCORT HEV. Energy efficiency, range, cold weather sensitivity, and driver acceptance, are discussed.


In this paper the elastic plastic wave theory of one dimensional strain fluid is used to analyze the propagation of the shock wave,the dynamic response of the charge to the shock wave,and the condition of the charge prematurity during the SAP impacts to target plates in the high velocity.Based on this analysis,the calculating model of the critical thickness of the target plates and the critical impacting velocity is constructed.An example is given to check the accuracy of the model.


The Senate's consideration in 2007 of U.S. accession to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea has elicited, as it did when the Senate last considered the Convention in 2004, an amazing array of opposition arguments. As happened four years ago, critics predict near-apocalyptic doom for the United States if it accedes to the Law of the Sea Convention. In particular, they argue that the Law of the Sea (LOS) Convention will cripple the U.S. Navy's ability to perform maritime missions necessary for national security, including collecting intelligence, conducting submerged transits with submarines, and preventing actions by terrorists. I feel compelled to speak out, as I did then, against these misguided and incorrect beliefs and to set the record straight. The Convention's opponents were successful in preventing a floor vote in 2004, during the second session of the 108th Congress. It was almost unprecedented that a treaty unanimously reported out of committee had failed to go to the full Senate for a vote. As the 110th Senate considers the Convention, a number of items have appeared in the press and online asserting that the Convention is contrary to American interests. Nevertheless, on 31 October 2007 the Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted seventeen to four in favor of ratifying the treaty. Its report has now been sent to the full Senate for consideration. This time, it is expected to be voted on. The strongest supporters of the Convention are those directly affected by it. The arguments made by Convention opponents and the administration's Admiral Schachte served in many capacities related to ocean policy during his thirty-year naval career. In addition to being a member of the U.S. delegation to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea negotiations during the Reagan administration, he served as the Acting Judge Advocate General of the Navy, the Department of Defense Representative for Ocean Policy Affairs, and the Deputy Assistant Judge Advocate General (International Law). As a line officer, he was a Vietnam volunteer and served in combat (in Swift boats) from January to December 1968.


In this paper,ability training of research-baded clinical medical postgraduate was explored and analyzed.It points out that establishment of the correct scientific research objectives for excellent research-based clinical medical postgraduate is the prerequisite for strengthening scientific research ability,especially the innovative consciousness and innovative ability.At the same time,we should not ignore the comprehensive quality improvement including noble professional and medical ethics,excellent medical knowledge and clinical skills,humanitics quality,as well as teaching ability.To meet the new situation,training graduates with balanced development and combined talents may be the training objectives of research-based clinical medical postgraduate and development trends in the future.

Key words:
Medical postgraduate;  Science degree;  Ability training


Frond lineages of Lemna perpusilla Torr. (strain 6746) show handedness with respect to frond emergence sequence and flowering that is related to the pocket of origin on a double flowering mother frond. Flower position is a fundamental manifestation of frond asymmetry.


High temperature fuel cell system features high efficiency, environmental friendliness and enormous potential of exhaust gas waste heat utilization. The combination of this system with a gas turbine to form a hybrid power plant can well be regarded as a very promising scheme of future distributed power generation. A brief description is given of the high temperature fuel cell and the hybrid cycle system consisting of the fuel cell and a gas turbine. This is followed by a performance analysis of two typical hybrid systems (topping cycle and bottoming one). The above work can provide some informative materials and data for the development of the high temperature fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid cycle system in China.


ADL are particularly well suited for component-based model frameworks that support hierarchical composition, such as DEVS with coupled models. In this paper we present some features found in the ADL of another hierarchical component model, namely the Fractal Component Model (FCM). To our best knowledge, these features are not yet available in most of the current DEVS implementations. Using a few examples coming from our experience, we demonstrate the usefulness of these features for Modeling & Simulation and their potential relevance for inclusion in a future DEVS implementation standard.


Objective To examine the association of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk with sleep factors, genetic risk, and their combination effects. Design Large prospective population-based cohort study. Methods This population-based prospective cohort study included 360 403 (mean [SD] age: 56.6 [8.0] years) participants without T2D at baseline from the UK Biobank. Genetic risk was categorized as high (highest quintile), intermediate (quintiles 2 to 4), and low (lowest quintile) based on a polygenic risk score for T2D. Sleep scores, including long or short sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, late chronotype, and excessive daytime sleepiness, were categorized as an unfavourable, intermediate, or favourable sleep and circadian pattern. Results During a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 13 120 incident T2D cases were recorded. Among the participants with an unfavourable sleep and circadian pattern, 6.96% (95% CI, 6.68%-7.24%) developed T2D versus 2.37% (95% CI, 2.28%-2.46%) of participants with a favourable sleep and circadian pattern (adjusted HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.45-1.62). Of participants with a high genetic risk, 5.53% (95% CI, 5.36%-5.69%) developed T2D versus 2.01% (95% CI, 1.91%-2.11%) of participants with a low genetic risk (adjusted HR: 2.89, 95% CI: 2.72-3.07). The association with sleep and circadian patterns was independent of genetic risk strata. Participants in the lowest quintile with an unfavourable sleep and circadian pattern were 3.97-fold more likely to develop T2D than those in the lowest quintile with a favourable sleep and circadian pattern. Conclusions Sleep and circadian patterns and genetic risk were independently associated with incident T2D. These results indicate the benefits of adhering to a healthy sleep and circadian pattern in entire populations, independent of genetic risk.


Objective
To investigate the expression of Notch receptors and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis in gastric cancer tissues.

Methods
Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression levels of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3 and Notch4 corresponding receptors in 45 patients with gastric cancer from January 2014 to May 2015 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The correlation between expression levels of Notch receptors and lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.

Results
Notch1, Notch2, Notch3 and Notch4 corresponding receptors were mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, and the positive expression rates in gastric cancer tissues were 93.3% (42/45), 86.7% (39/45), 80.0% (36/45), and 77.8% (35/45), which were higher than those in adjacent tissues [31.1% (14/45), 24.4% (11/45), 40.0% (18/45), and 46.7% (21/45)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P 0.05).

Conclusion
Notch receptors are highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, and have no correlation with lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, DFS and OS of patients after surgery.

Key words:
Gastric neoplasms; Notch receptors; Immunohistochemistry


The correspondence (unstable particle) \ensuremath{\rightarrow} (pole of the $S$ matrix) is discussed. In particular, it is explicitly shown that $S$ matrices, satisfying all requirements of analyticity, unitarity, and threshold and asymptotic behavior in energy, can be constructed in such a way that a sharp isolated resonance is produced without an accompanying pole in the unphysical sheet. As a matter of fact, in two of the examples which we consider, no singularities, except kinematical and dynamical branch lines, are found in any sheet of the energy Riemann surface.


Acknowledgements 1. The US Fleet Ballistic Missile system: technology and nuclear war 2. Theoretical models of weapons development 3. Heterogeneous engineering and the origins of the fleet ballistic missile 4. Building Polaris 5. Success and successors 6. Poseidon 7. Strat-X, ULMS and Trident I 8. The improved accuracy programme and Trident II 9. Understanding technical change in weaponry 10. Appendix: list of interviewees Notes Index.


Anoutbreak ofinfluenza-like disease caused illness among48percentof173female military recruits, 35 percentofwhomsmokedcigarettes. Therisk ofinfluenza- like illness wasgreater insmokers (60.0 percent) thanin nonsmokers (41.6 percent), witharisk ratio of1.44 (95per centCL 1.03-2.01). Amongthose ill, asignificantly greater proportion ofsmokers visited theclinic thannonsmokers. Thiscouldhavebeenduetomoresevere illness among smokers, ortoagreater tendency tovisit thephysician. The proportion ofinfluenza-like disease attributable tosmoking inthis population was13percent. (AmJPublic Health 1981; 71:530-532.) Introduc tion Several studies haveshownanassociation between cigarette smoking andreported orrecorded acute respiratory disease inyoungpeople (predominantly male), '-5while only onereport hasdealt specifically withyoungfemales.6 Afew studies (again mostly inmales) haveexamined therelation- shipbetween smoking andepidemic influenza.7-9 These havetended toshowexcess influenza morbidity orsero- conversion insmokers. Within theframework ofanongoing influenza surveil- lance program intheIsrael Defense Forces (IDF), asharp outbreak ofinfluenza-like illness inafemale recruit basein February 1979afforded anopportunity toinvestigate the smoking-influenza relationship.


Abstract We perform a detailed simulation analysis of the operational and financial performance of a hypothetical reservation-based car-sharing system that allows users to make one-way journeys. The system is characterised by a fixed set of stations; a fixed number of cars; a limited number of parking spaces at each station; and an online reservation system that makes vehicle relocations unnecessary except in the case of a cancelled reservation. A discrete event simulation model of the system is developed using C++. The model tracks the state of the online reservation system in continuous time and provides a full animation of vehicle pick-ups, journeys, and returns. Five experiments show how system performance is affected by (i) the total number of vehicles, (ii) the total number of parking spaces, (iii) the allocation of parking spaces among stations, (iv) reservations which include extra parking time, and (v) the distribution of demand among O-D pairs.


Type 4 cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase(PDE4)is one of the most popular drug targets.PDE4 inhibitors exhibit efficacy for several inflammatory diseases including asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.In the animal models,the inhibitors show indication for arthritis and sepsis,etc.Clinical development of the first generation PDE4 inhibitors(such as rolipram and piclamilast)has been discontinued due to the side-effects such as emesis and vomiting.Several of the second generation PDE4 inhibitors(such as cilomailast and roflumilast)are currently under development.However,they are still not devoid of the emetic side-effect.As a result,their doses sizes are stricitly limited.Although PDE4 family comprises four subtypes,current PDE4 inhibitors in general do not distinguish between various subtypes.Recently,there has been a significant progress in the understanding of the action of the PDE4 subtypes.Inhibitors of specific PDE4 subtype(s) may have reduced side-effect potential while maintaining the anti-inflammatory activity,and hence providing significant improvement over current PDE4 inhibitors.


In many nonlinear situations in general and in metal forming processes in particular, the deformations can be so large that the initial finite element mesh gets completely distorted if one uses the classical Lagrangian formulation. This leads to inaccuracies in the computational process. In order to overcome that problem, there exist two main remedies. The first one is to use the ALE or Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation, which allows uncoupling material movement from mesh displacement while keeping the same mesh topology. In such a formulation, the mesh distortions can be, at least to a certain extent, minimized and reliable computations can be carried out, either for stationary or non-stationary processes. However, sometimes, even ALE cannot prevent mesh distortions and a complete remeshing operation, with a new completely independent mesh, has to be carried out.


The utility model relates to a molding board of an injection mould. The molding board comprises a cavity plate, a fixed mould seat plate and a sprue bush, wherein a first through hole is formed in the center of the fixed mould seat plate; a tapered step hole is formed in the center of the cavity plate; the tapered step hole consists of a tapered hole and a stepped through hole; a cavity insert is arranged on the lower part of the stepped through hole of the cavity plate, a second through hole is formed in the center of the cavity insert; the sprue bush is in the shape of a step; the diameter of the head part of the sprue bush is greater than the diameter of the second through hole; the head part of the sprue bush is placed in a straight hole of the tapered step hole in a spaced manner; the lower end of the sprue bush is assembled in the second through hole of the cavity insert in a transition fit manner; a third through hole is formed in the center of the sprue bush; and the third through hole is communicated with a spray nozzle of an injector to form a main runner of a gating system. The molding board of the injection mould can be used for effectively reducing the material consumption of the sprue bush mould and the aggregate waste of the gating system, quickening the filling speed and the flow rate of the plastics, and shortening the molding period.


How global and local forces play out in affecting youths in different places is a most intriguing question for researchers concerned with youths in an era of globalization. The challenge is to develop systematic conceptions to compare and understand the agencies and meanings of global and local practices by young people. This special issue, titled "Youths and varieties of globalism in Asia", can be seen as an endeavor to fulfill this goal. Four articles collected herein offer new empirical findings and explore new frontiers across Japan, Taiwan and Australia. They together represent a feast of innovative ways to examine the links between young people and globalization.


In the process of proof on criminal case classification of proofs has a special value. «Mandatory» evidence in a criminal case has an evidential significance. In particular, the performance of expert examination allows us to talk about the special significance of the expert's opinion that is the most convincing evidence for certain categories of criminal cases in their proceedings in a court.


Takes CNC Machining of ellipsoid parts for an example,this paper has explained the CNC Machining Technology of the non-circular curve parts with approaching way.As the general programming of numerical control machine code only has a straight line interpolation and circular interpolation function,so the CNC machining of non-circular curve used mostly short line or short arc to close the outline curve and complete CNC programming.


In INDOCRYPT 2006, Chatterjee and Sarkar suggested a multi-receiver identity-based key encapsulation mechanism that is secure in the full model without random oracles. Until now, it has been believed that their scheme is the only one to provide such a security feature, while achieving sub-linear size ciphertext. In this letter, we show that their scheme is insecure in the sense that any revoked user can retrieve a message encryption key, even without colluding with other revoked users. Our attack comes from an analysis of a publicly computable surjective function used in the scheme.


As the practitioners of "˜AR interventions' have been exploring different ways to make their AR experiences impactful without being dependent on modifications in the physical space, what are the strategies they use to overcome the intrinsic invisible nature of GPS-based augmented reality? Is there a future for the phenomenon of the AR Intervention and if so what kinds of future interventions are to be expected?


Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the effect of body awareness therapy (BAT) on pain and body image in patients with tension-type headache and migraine. Twenty eight patients were included in the study. Socio-demographic and clinical features of the patients were recorded. Visual Analogue Scale and Body Image Questionnaire was used in order to evaluate severity of pain and body image, respectively. After initial assessments, the patients received BAT for 6 weeks each being 60 min in 3 sessions every week. Patients were re-evaluated at the end of 6 weeks of intervention. There was no relation between severity of pain and body image, occupation, participation to physical activity, use of analgesic and existence of headache. The results of the study showed that BAT is an alternative treatment method that can be securely used in order to decrease pain in patients with chronic headache and to increase body image.


The responsibility of the founder of an individual company for the loss of third parties in the activities of running a business will have legal consequences. This study aims to discuss the Analysis of the Founder of an Individual Company on Third Party Loss Liability, so that no one party is harmed. The research method used is doctrinal in nature or uses all existing regulations regarding Individual Limited Liability Companies. The results of the study show that the responsibilities of the founders of a limited liability company can be obtained by the Shareholders of an Individual Limited Liability Company limited to the paid-up capital. And the existence of caution for companies is also written in Government Regulation in Lieu of Law number 2 of 2023 Concerning Job Creation, making individual limited liability companies even more perfect.
Keyword: Responsibility; Sole Proprietorship; Third Parties


The ribosome is a ribozyme. However, in bacterial ribosomes, the N‐terminus of L27 is located within the peptidyl transfer center. The roles of this protein in real time remain unclear. We present single‐molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies of tRNA dynamics at the peptidyl transfer center in ribosomes containing either wild type (WT) L27, or L27 mutants with A2H3, A2H3K4 or nine N‐terminal residues removed. Removing L27's first three N‐terminal residues or mutating a single residue, K4, reduces the formation of a stable peptidyl tRNA after translocation. These results imply that L27 stabilizes the peptidyl tRNA and residue K4 contributes significantly to the stabilization.


VOLUME NUMBER JULY J OURNAL OF C LINICAL O NCOLOGY T H E A R T O F O N C O L O G Y: When the Tumor Is Not the Target Talking to a Patient Frank L. Meyskens Jr, Pa¨ivi Hietanen, and Ian F. Tannock From the Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA; the Finnish Medical Journal, Helsinki, Finland; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Submitted October 24, 2004; accepted March 11, 2005. Authors' disclosures of potential con- flicts of interest are found at the end of this article. Address reprint requests to Frank L. Meyskens Jr, Professor of Medicine and Biological Chemistry Director, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, 101 The City Drive, Route 81, Building 56, Room 210, Orange, CA 92868; e-mail: email@example.com. © 2005 by American Society of Clinical Oncology 0732-183X/05/2319-4463/$20.00 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.002 SEND AND RECEIVE "It's only a little spot." I have cancer. "We can get it all out" They're going to crack my chest. "The radiation only produces a little sunburn." My neighbor got fried. "The chemotherapy isn't bad" My mom barfed for days. "It's just a small shadow on your spine" I'm going to be paralyzed, I'm going to have pain. "It seems to have spread to your liver but there is this new drug. . . .." I'm going to be a guinea pig, I'm going to die. One fact, one reality. Two truths. One sent, one received. Frank Meyskens, MD COMMENTARY In this simple but poignant poem, the doc- tor tells the patient bad news using euphe- misms, belittling the seriousness of the message. The patient reacts to this by inter- preting the words in a most gloomy way. Neither the words of the doctor nor those of the patient represent reality. Those of the doctor reflect the well-intentioned, but mis- guided, policy of trying to protect patients by describing the effects of cancer and its treatment in gentler terms than are likely to be experienced; the patient responds with an exaggerated response that also misinterprets the effects of the disease and its treatment. Suppose that the words of the doctor and the patient were reversed. The doctor would then be seen as sadistic, because "truth" without empathy is cruel. Words form a limited part of the com- munication between doctor and patient. Here the interpretation and reaction of the patient suggest that the doctor's words are thrown in the air lightly, creating anger in the patient. The content of the words might become more acceptable if qualified by ex- planation and delivered in a sensitive and serious tone that invited discussion of their meaning. The doctor must encourage rather than block the response of the patient, an- swer their questions and respond to them in realistic and understandable terms. It is im- portant for the doctor to express feelings and emotions, and also to recognize and acknowl- edge those of the patient, which may include anxiety, disappointment, grief, and anger. The patient needs information about their disease but also needs time and space for shaping thoughts about their situation. Per Salander interviewed patients with ter- minal cancer and, on the basis of his studies, introduced a concept called "creative illu- sion." 1,2 This means that even patients with incurable disease who are aware of the seri- ousness of their illness need the possibility of dreaming and fantasizing about their future. This is not denial, but coping with the vicin- ity of giving up one's life. It is possible for the doctor to tell the facts in a sensitive way and at the same time leave room for hope and illusion. Patients like doctors who are able to find words of hope in difficult situations. "Your mind and body are so strong despite Information downloaded from jco.ascopubs.org and provided by at UNIV OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE on December 22, 2014 Copyright © 2005 American from Society of Clinical Oncology. All rights reserved.


Desnatui river is a tributary of the Danube on the first order Oltean and is part of the small rivers, with a length of 53 km and a basin area of 325 km2. On the whole hidrological basin has two second order tributaries with the springs of Desnatui river in the high Balacita field and tributaries on the lower piedmont hills. The confluence is in the complex of ponds, called Carna-Bistret. In the making of this paper we have used data from the hydrometric stations in the Desnățui basin (Dragoia and Afumați) and meteorological station (Craiova and Băilești), data obtained in forty-four years time. The processing of this data was made using classic methods like analysis and synthesis from mathematical statistics. The aim of the study is to examine of the rainfall variability and fluid flow to establish a relationship between these two elements. In an attempt to determine the rapport between rainfall variability and leakage of Desnățui hydrographical basin, by various analysis of flow and precipitation, we observed that the variation of these parameters reflects the action of other physical and geographical factors than ones studied. Keyword: flow, precipitation, Desnăţui hydrographical basin, trendlines, Lang Index, SPA.


The thesis is focused on searching an approximate minimum of functions, for which it is not possible to find a minimal analytical path. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, inspired by the analogy of bird behaviour, is used to find the minimum. The main goal of the thesis is to create a program that can be used for calculating the extreme using the PSO algorithm.


The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a public health emergency of international concern for the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). This study aimed to review the findings of recent published literature to provide researchers with information regarding the current biggest global health threat of 2019-nCoV pandemic on the basis of previous coronaviruses. To do so, this study attempted to review the available online data on biological nature of 2019-nCoV compared to previous coronaviruses. Additionally, the epidemiology, susceptible population, transmission routes, clinical characteristics, and medications for 2019-nCoV were reviewed. In this article, after an introduction to the subject and characterization of coronavirus, we considered the experiences and lessons learned from previous outbreaks to review the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, prevention, and medications of 2019-nCov disease. There are three main routes for transmission of 2019-nCoV including close contact to infected cases, aerosol, and touch transmissions. This newfound virus can be transmitted from asymptomatic patients or from infected cases with symptoms ranging from a flu-like to severe respiratory syndrome. Currently, there are no 100% approved therapeutic drugs and vaccination for this disease. In conclusion, given that development of vaccine for 2019-nCoV requires close collaboration of vaccine manufacturers and biotechnology companies, which takes a long period for production of vaccine, implementation of prevention and controlling measures based on the current available information about the subject is the best measure to control the spread of the virus.


extensively participated in by rural women. The peasant women who first articulated the demands of this protest against nationally sponsored county-level fiscal and administrative reforms were unmarried cotton weavers who belonged to a lay Buddhist Vegetarian sect. Their protest, which eventually mobilized the support of other villagers adversely affected by the reforms, was designed to protect the women Vegetarians' economic and residential independence during a period of state-building when political reform encouraged county-elite encroachment on the resources of politically less influential social groups. The following discussion uses the Chuansha case with its focus on rural conditions in the final years of China's last imperial dynasty to


The purpose of this article is to give a constructive proposal of how to understand the role of Christian affections for theological reflection and work with systematic theology. The last decades have seen an increased interest within different academic disciplines, including theology, in the topic of emotions, feelings and affections, and their significance for human rationality. In a Norwegian theological context, the question of the significance of Christian affections is accentuated by the 250th anniversary of the revivalist and social reformer Hans Nielsen Hauge (1771-1824). Within Pentecostal theology, a consensus has emerged that Christian affections are necessary for right doctrine and right practice to be sustained coherently. However, more work to spell out their relationship in detail is needed. In the first part of the article, I will present a theological understanding of Christian affections, based on the work of Steven Land and Simeon Zahl, exemplified and illuminated by the historical testimonies of Hans Nielsen Hauge and the Thomas Ball Barratt. In the second part, I will give my constructive proposal where I employ «the somatic marker hypothesis» of Antonio Damasio to explain how Christian affections and their positive significance for theological reflection can be understood, in that the bodily conditioned emotional markings of mental images function more properly, which enables the theologian to make more rational choices in her theological work.


Ahyi is a fully submerged arc volcano in the Northern Mariana Islands, northwestern Pacific Ocean. In April and May 2014, the volcano erupted over a period of 15 days. Results from direction‐of‐arrival calculations show that underwater sound phases associated with the episode were recorded as far as Wake Island, where a hydrophone triplet array is operated as part of the International Monitoring System. After a 3.5‐hr‐long sequence of hydroacoustic precursory events, explosive volcanic activity occurred in two distinct, several‐days‐long bursts, accompanied by a notable decrease in low‐frequency arrivals that may indicate a shift in signal source parameters. Acoustic resolution of the hydrophone data supersedes broadband networks by almost 1 order of magnitude, successfully identifying seismic events at Ahyi as low as 2.5 mb. Total radiated acoustic energy of the eruption is estimated at 6.4 1017 J, which suggests that submarine volcanic activity contributed significantly to the ocean soundscape.


Hybrid neural network (HNN) has received great attention especially for modeling a nonlinear system. Hence, HNN for modeling and optimization for determining optimum temperature profiles with maximal biogas production was studied basing on mathematical models initially describing the anaerobic digestion in biogas production process. The experiment of a 30-day process was conducted using sediments from shrimp ponds to simulate the daily performance of the HNN consisting of two-hidden layers with 7 and 9 nodes and the optimization of ambient temperature with satisfactory results obtained: a significant higher yield at 3.30 times compared with conventional methods.


There is general agreement across the scientific communities about an unmet need for a high-resolution, landscape modelling. It has not been possible to construct such models from long-time existing sources. Identification and mapping of landforms in geomorphology are based on geological and geomorphological survey and interpretation of topographic maps and aerial photos. These traditionally techniques are affected by a high degree of uncertainty. Considerable enhancement for morphometric interpretation can be obtained through generation of a synthetic stereo pair, by means of the integration of spectral data with Digital Elevation Model. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data set presents a unique opportunity to obtain a cloud-transparent instantaneous snapshot of imagery in different areas, together with collocated topographic information, which can be used to visualize and characterize different landforms in geomorphology and generally in earth sciences.


The history of agricultural intervention in the extensive area currently called the "Cerrado biome" reflects the confluence of several projects involving public and private agencies, which brought together knowledge from agronomy, economics, environmental sciences and other areas over decades. The biggest challenge for this venture revolved around converting large areas of "naturally" infertile soils into arable land for large-scale agriculture. A decisive point in the "conquest of the Cerrado", as advocates of large-scale agribusiness refer to this historic process, was the creation of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária-Embrapa) and its specific unit for this area, the Cerrado Agricultural Research Center (Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados-CPAC). The institution has coordinated the research on cerrado soil fertility since the mid-1970s, promoting important scientific advances in agricultural productivity in Brazil. This article observes from a historiographical perspective how the Embrapa reports from 1975 to 1995 produced an important range of knowledge about cerrado soils and ecology, which ultimately led to the conceptualization and construction of the "Cerrado Biome".


The paper uses a new micro-simulation model to estimate the impact of repealing the employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) exclusion on ESI coverage given two alternative scenarios: a non-group market that is fully underwritten and a modified community-rated market where the low income population receives premium subsidies. When the alternative to ESI is the underwritten market, repeal of the exclusion reduces ESI coverage by 14 percent both overall and for those over 400 percent FPL. In contrast, individuals over 400 percent FPL are less likely to leave ESI when the alternative is a subsidized modified community-rated market.


We report on new form of multivariate granulometries based on rectangles of varying size and aspect ratio. These granulometries are used for describing visual similarity between document images. Rectangular granulometries are used to probe the layout structure of document images, and the rectangular size distributions derived from them are used as descriptors for each image. Feature selection is used to reduce the dimensionality and redundancy of the size distributions, while preserving the essence of the visual appearance of a document. Experimental results indicate that rectangular size distributions are an effective way to characterize visual similarity of document images, and provide insightful interpretation of classification results in the original image space.


and Key Points 1. Radiology is important in the detection, diagnosis and staging of cancer. Diagnostic imaging is integral to guide treatment planning, assess for residual disease and response to the treatment, and monitor recurrence and progression of most malignancies.


Today; with both RF and digital devices using the same voltage source on a PCB, power filtering is needed more than ever to isolate the noise between these two types of devices for proper operation. Especially the power/ground planes in packages or boards can be a major factor for noise coupling. Simultaneously switching drivers cause supply voltage fluctuations which can propagate both horizontally and vertically between the power/ground planes. The sensitive RF/analog signals have to be isolated from this digital switching noise, which gets coupled through the shared power distribution system. Hence, accurate estimation and improvement of the performance of power/ground planes is critical in a mixed-signal system. This paper introduces a new methodology to minimize the transfer impedance of the power distribution system. This will be achieved by a new design methodology, which we will call the virtual ground fence. At its basic level, the virtual ground fence consists of quarter-wave transmission-line stubs that act as short circuits between power and ground planes at their design frequency. An array of such stubs can then be considered as a ground fence. Power filtering is currently achieved mainly by using discrete decoupling capacitors at low frequencies. The virtual ground fence design is the distributed analog of this methodology at GHz frequency regime.


To order the complete compilation report, use: ADA399082 The component part is provided here to allow users access to individually authored sections f proceedings, annals, symposia, etc. However, the component should be considered within [he context of the overall compilation report and not as a stand-alone technical report. ABSTRACT A thin ferroelectric interferometer (TFI) structure for light modulating devices is presented. It was fabricated entirely with thin film techniques on sapphire and silicon substrates. The ferroelectric layer in this structure was the lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) electrooptic material, deposited from a chemical precursor solution onto an ITO-coated dielectric mirror stack. Light intensity modulation in both transmission and reflection modes, and phase modulation in the reflection mode were demonstrated. Experimental and simulation data show that TFI devices can be fast switching with a low driving voltage. Variations of the basic TFI structure can be used for phase tunable spatial light modulators (SLM's) and laser beam steering devices. Design principles, fabrication procedure and the preliminary performance of the devices are described.


This paper is primarily concerned with the short-term rapid fading of 10-cm waves in the scatter region. For a 100-mile path over the Bristol Channel measured results of the fading rate and amplitude, together. with the correlation of the fading pattern of signals from the same source received by two spaced aerials are presented. The lack of correlation is illustrated by photographs of a particular type of c.r.t. presentation of the signals. Fading rates of the order of 1?5 c / s over periods of a few minutes were measured, with amplitudes in excess of 25 db. Measured results of the amplitude of the slower mean-level fades which occur with periods of the order of an hour and greater are given from observations in the North Sea for the limited time of three weeks. In this time mean-level variations of 18 db were recorded during the winter of 1955.


Non-woven fiber assembly contains one or more fibers containing adhesive component, an elastomeric component and a hydrophilic component. Method of making a non-woven fiber assembly, the adhesive component, one or more fiber-forming material comprising an elastomeric component and a hydrophilic component is prepared, and the formation in at least one of the fibers the one or more fiber-forming materials It encompasses. Method of treating a patient encompasses a dressing comprising a fibrous assembly of the present invention applied to the patient. Apparatus for forming a nonwoven fibrous assembly has a plurality of reservoirs for containing more than one type of fiber-forming material, respectively, a plurality of valves in communication with the reservoir independently, and the spinneret, NGJ nozzle, and an electric field It is selected from the group consisting of spinning devices, including fiber-forming apparatus that communicates with the valve.


Information systems have become necessary component of the modern world. They encompass all areas of the human activities. Each area imposes its own, individual specifics, which leads to solve a number of unique problems to each of the system. Fuzzy methods allow an optimal way to overcome the difficulties that arise in any information system.


Sm2Co17 magnets have high thermal resistivity and corrosion resistance with over 240 kJ/m3 of (BH)max, which are well balanced ones. But as NdFeB magnets are superior to both magnetic properties and costs, the Sm2Co17 magnets are used in severe circumstance such as automobile applications. The magnetic property of Sm2Co17 magnets are reviewed at first and its coercive force mechanism is discussed. As follow, some applications are introduced.


In no time, three years and change, J.A. Tyler earned himself a place in small-press paradise. His ticket was Mud Luscious Press, which balanced on its shoestring just long enough to bring a few remarkable titles into print. My favorite remains Matt Bell's Cataclysm Baby (2012), an alphabetic improvisation on the theme of apocalypse, though others prefer Alligators of Abraham (2013) by Robert Kloss. Alas, Tyler wasn't much of a businessman, as he admitted in a May interview (on the Melville House website). He came to publishing as a writer, with several books on his own, and his latest is Colony Collapse (2013), a novella for lack of a better word. It appeared shortly after Mud Luscious folded and proves the value of experience from both sides of an editor's desk. A forest ghost story, it manipulates an animal's point of view in a hair-raising perversion of Bambi (1942), sustaining a twilit wilderness tension while its reiterations toll like a funeral bell across the woods. And what I admire most is the conceptual control. Such control might be termed "setup and pacing" in a more ordinary text. Tyler's reiterations extend even to his chapter titles, which, though tricky typographically, build on each other: "[the first house]... [the second house]...[the first fox///rebuilt]...[the second fox]." The titles also underscore the limited set of elements in play. Most brief chapters sketch, amid abundant white space, the lifecycle of another rustic dwelling. The hut goes up, with "a chimney for the snow and gutters for the rain," and then goes to pieces, and that rise and fall always entails killing some animal, a fox or bear or fish. Indeed, the sacrificial creatures usually include the homebuilder, our narrator. A deer in search of his runaway "deer-brother," he succumbs with each house, only to come back to life at the start of the next chapter, and start his search anew. The reading experience, in short, feels unified even in its like of reader-friendly signposts, such as names or dialog. The internal consistency holds even when, towards the end, two or three blocks of prose suggest the subject may be, at bottom, familiar human passions. That too remains only a suggestion, as from first to last Colony Collapse keeps its materials sparse. It might be some ancient quest-tale ("only always the moving on") come down to us in fragments. Few elements contribute so much to this fairytale quality as the insubstantiality of death. Colony collapse fits the cycle of endless return, as house after surreal house goes down and takes the narrator with it. Another chapter ends, but the death in it become just another part of the chorus. The line most often repeated begins "In these woods" and concludes with dying or its metaphoric equivalent. Yet this refrain itself creates a paradoxical vitality. It turns up in poetic variations like: "In these woods, where fire is truth to trees, where I burn down." More than that, the memento mori always appears in a line off by itself, a pause in the experience, gathering up motifs that chapter has put coLonY coLLapse


Till' drug is claiuu-d 10 II(' a sii npl« appelitl'depn'ssa II t. withou t serious sidl'-dkcts, 1l01l-St imulan t and non-hvpcrtensivo. Chronic toxicily Il'sts L\lTil'd out hy rlu manufactun-rs Itan' shown tltal doses t hirtv tinx-s tlte therapeutic dose given daily for tlmx1111 HItIts produced 110 h.u-rua tologirul 1101' Itistological changt-s ill t lutreated animals. Tlte followillg report desnihes a t lu-rapcutic trial of t lusubstance ill :n p.u ir-nts witlt simpie olll'sity. Their agl's rangr-d from 1:~ to ti~l vr-ars alld all I'X('('pt two wI'n' Icmah-s. h'llflura;Ililll' is ma rkcu-cl ill tahlc ts cOlltaillillg 2(l!ug, of IIll' drug.


An 81-year-old woman, long-term non-progressor HIV infected, asymptomatic, not using ART, with a seven-year clinical follow-up in a reference unit, TCD4+ cell count values ranged from 719 to 1151 cells/µl, TCD8+ from 579 to 897 cells/µl and a viral load with higher value of 51 viral copies/ml but with undetectable results in most of the tests performed. The report of the long-term non-progressor HIV carrier aged over 80 years is somewhat unusual, considering the physiological/immunological changes that occur with the aging process concomitantly with HIV infection.


Being a schools of literature with far - reaching influence and remarkable achievement, the rise and development of the 20th century China native novel demonstrates profound cultural background. This article especially analyses the unique choice of cultural value for native novel in terms of homesickness feeling, sentiments of a man traveling or residing far away from home and faith crisis at the end of the century.


The degree of the dispersion of PdO was highly dependent on the Al content of HZSM-5. This is due to the strong interaction between Bronsted acid sites and PdO as demonstrated by the reversible transformation from aggregated metal Pd to highly dispersed PdO upon the successive reduction and oxidation treatments. The role of Bronsted acid sites was considered to keep the dispersed state of PdO.


Summary Airway management in the neurosurgical patient with a multitude of medical problems connotes a difficult task with the various physiological ramifications. In this article, we reviewed some specific clinical situations frequently encountered in clinical neuroanesthesia practice. Focus was placed on the specific disease processes of these patients, airway requirements as they relate to the patient positioning, stereotactic neurosurgery, and conscious sedation techniques. Although there are many alternative airway devices, it is imperative that proper planning and advance preparation be at hand before approaching any of these scenarios. A conservative approach to the airway management is recommended, with awake approach a primary thought if there is any doubt regarding the safety of laryngoscopy in the asleep patient. We would like to emphasize that for any awake approach to be optimal and successful, optimal topicalization needs to be performed. Expertise in the techniques of securing the airway along with an understanding of the patient's physiological requirements, plus a knowledge of the surgical requirements, are critical to meet the demands for airway management in neuroanesthesia.