Jonathan Birch proposes a criterion for the subjective scope of animal protection legislation. He says nothing about its material scope: which harmful practices it should regulate. I argue, first, that most moral views would agree that the worst forms of animal exploitation should be legally forbidden, even if there will inevitably be disagreement about some cases of animal experimentation. I also argue that, when feasible, there should be legal provisions to help wild animals. Eze Paez is a postdoctoral researcher at the Centre for Ethics, Politics and Society, University of Minho, and a member of Animal Ethics. He studies normative and applied ethics, especially ontological and normative aspects of abortion and the moral consideration of nonhuman animals. uminho.academia.edu/EzePaez Jonathan Birch (2017) claims that when there is adequate evidence about the sentience of a nonhuman animal species, it should be brought under the scope of animal protection legislation. In that sense, Birch's Animal Sentience Precautionary Principle (ASPP) functions as the criterion for determining the subjective scope of such legislation: to which individuals it applies. Nevertheless, as Birch (2017) himself admits (p. 8), his proposal needs to be further specified regarding the material scope of that legislation. It is necessary to develop a criterion to identify which harmful practices must be covered by its provisions. In that regard, I will defend two claims: (a) because only morally unjustified harmful practices should be restricted, there will inevitably be some disagreement about which ones fall within the law's scope; (b) animals should also be protected against unjustified harmful omissions. 1. Not all harmful practices. In a wide sense, all possible harmful practices towards animals fall under the scope of animal protection legislation. This is because even with those for whom there need be no specific provision, their legal status can be inferred from the general legal principle that everything that is not forbidden is allowed. Here, however, I am concerned with the material scope of animal law in a narrow sense: which harmful practices should be restricted, either by permitting them only under some circumstances or by completely prohibiting them. According to Birch, the purpose of animal protection legislation is to prevent "serious, negative animal welfare outcomes." It must deal with practices that may, on aggregate, result in predictably high negative well-being for the animals concerned. If they are to be restricted, that is presumably because there is a risk that they are not morally justified. Thus, only practices that are morally unjustified should fall under the purview of these laws. Animal Sentience 2017.061: Paez on Birch on Precautionary Principle 2 Nevertheless, whether a harmful practice is morally justified depends, on most views, on the size of the expectable positive well-being that may be derived from it. For example, on the basis of utilitarianism, it suffices that the result of causing serious harm to nonhuman animals is, on aggregate, net positive. Other moral views, both consequentialist and nonconsequentialist, will require larger benefits (sometimes, much larger) for a harmful practice to be justified. Inevitably, then, when determining the material scope of animal protection legislation, we will find reasonable disagreement about which practices fall under it, and whether they should be prohibited or, alternatively, permitted, provided that certain conditions are met. A case in point is animal experimentation for biomedical purposes, which Birch frequently uses to illustrate his principle. From a utilitarian perspective, if the expected results are net positive, taking into account the benefits for both humans and nonhumans, such experiments would be justified (e.g., de Lazari-Radek & Singer, 2014). Other views, however, would oppose using animals for such experiments unless the benefits are much greater. On some deontological accounts, even, the constraint not to harm a sentient individual may never be overridden, or only in order to prevent some moral catastrophe (Regan, 2004; Korsgaard, 2005). However, it is worth noting that such disparate moral theories can agree about the need to establish strict legal requirements to minimise the pain and deprivation suffered by these animals. That would include a preference to use those individuals whose sentience is more uncertain. These are indeed the kinds of legislative measures Birch seems to have in mind (Birch, 2017, pp. 8 and 12). It is important, however, not to overstate the disagreement among different moral views. Although the justifiability of animal experimentation may be, in this sense, controversial, that is not the case regarding those human practices which are most harmful to animals. Animal exploitation in the food industry, including factory farming and aquaculture, is much worse, because of the larger number of animals subjected to it and the seriousness of the harms the animals suffer. Provided that they reject speciesism, most moral theories would agree that these forms of exploitation are morally unjustified, because the marginal benefit human beings derive from them is minimal. For similar reasons, most moral theories would agree that animal exploitation for other trivial purposes (clothing, entertainment, manufacture and testing of cosmetic or household products) is likewise unjustified. There is widespread agreement, then, that animal protection law should forbid practices such as those involving nonhuman animals who meet Birch's ASPP standard. 2. Serious harm by omission and a legal requirement of assistance. Harmful practices affecting nonhuman individuals do not consist solely of human-bred animal exploitation or experimentation. Wild animals are also harmed by human action. This is sometimes done for sport, but on many occasions, by human interference in the wild for conservationist purposes. An example of these negative interventions is killing individuals of 'invasive' species to preserve autochthonous ones or as a method of population control. An animal protection law which fully considered the interests of these animals would never condone harmful practices of environmental management except to promote the overall well-being of the nonhuman animals affected, and only insofar as less harmful methods were not available. On the other hand, human non-interference with wild animals can be, arguably, even more harmful for them. Life in nature is not idyllic. Because of the natural harms nonhuman animals undergo, most of them have lives of net suffering (Ng, 1995; Horta, 2010; Tomasik, 2015; Faria, 2016). Presently, there is little that human beings can do about wild animal Animal Sentience 2017.061: Paez on Birch on Precautionary Principle 3 suffering on a large scale. In that respect, other pieces of legislation may incentivise research on this issue. Yet many smalland medium-scale positive interventions on behalf of wild animals are currently possible. These include providing them with some medical care against injuries, as well as vaccination and feeding campaigns. It may eventually be possible technically to extend to other animals welfare-state institutions we now take for granted for humans in many countries. From an antispeciesist standpoint, such assistance should be legally required.


A when holding rigidity without articles such as tubular garment, device capable of providing a substantially uniform and flat surface for printing is desired. The present invention provides a customized system for tubular garment (300), tubular clothing and (300) printing system for printing an image onto (506), for printing an image clothing and a cylinder (110) for holding goods (300). It increased in thickness on the clothing (300) (T2, T3) in order to accommodate one or more regions, the cylinder (110), one or more recesses (210, 212) the outer surface (200) It is formed in. [Effect] By forming the increased thickness (T2, T3) recess of the cylinder corresponding to the region (210, 212), when printing an image on clothing, providing a substantially uniform print plane can do. .FIELD 6


1.

Due to upsetting the coplanarity, 2, 3-bis(trifiuoromethyl)perfluoro-l, 3-butadiene is hydrated in the 1,2 position.

2.

Perfluoroisopropenyl(trifluoromethyl)ketene and 2-hydrohexafluoroisopropyl(trifluoromethyl) ketene were obtained by the respective treatment of 1-perfluoroisopropenyl-2, 2, 2-trifluoropropionic aeid and l,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3, 3, 3-trifluorobutyric acid with P2O5.

3.

The dehydrofluorination of the esters of the 1-perfluoroisopropeny1-2, 2, 2-trifluoropropionic and 1, 2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3, 3, 3-trifluorobutyric acids gave the esters of the 1-perfluoroisopropenyl-2, 2-difluoroacrylic and 1-(2-hydrohexafluoroisopropyl)-2, 2-difluoroacrylic acids.


In general the ultrasonic testing is used for flaw detection and localization in tested materials. The flaws in materials are commonly characterized in measured ultrasonic signals by faults echoes. In the case of materials with coarse-grained structure the ultrasonic signal contains undesirable echoes caused by the scattering from these grains considered as noise. Another source of noise is caused by the electronic circuitry which is called electronic noise. These sources of noise make the flaw detection more difficult. The efficient methods for noise reduction have to be used. This paper evaluates different filtering methods used for noise reduction. Methods based on Wiener filtering, stationary wavelet transform, neural networks in 2D space are compared with conventional mathematical filtering methods based on median filter and mean value. The goal of this paper is to determine efficient method for noise reduction in B-scan for the exact flaw shape characterization. Filtered B-scans are used for the construction of 3D-volume visualization of flaws in the tested materials. Final 3D-volume visualization represents the flaw shape and is useful in the case of characterization of the flaw visualization


H-V interval in left bundle-branch block (LBBB) reflects conduction time in the His bundle and right bundle branch. H-V intervals were measured in 57 patients with LBBB, allowing definition of three groups of patients. Group A consisted of 14 patients with normal H-V (less than 50 msec), group B consisted of 21 patients with intermediate H-V (50-60 msec), and group C consisted of 22 patients with prolonged H-V (greater than 60 msec).Arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) was most frequent in group A (P < 0.02), while hypertension was most frequent in group C (P < 0.15). Mean P-R interval ± SEM was 0.172 ± 0.013 sec in group A, 0.185 ± 0.007 sec in group B, and 0.225 ± 0.014 sec in group C (P < 0.05). Mean QRS duration was 0.138 ± 0.004 sec in group A, 0.144 ± 0.004 sec in group B, and 0.157 ± 0.003 sec in group C (P < 0.01). Mean frontal axis was −8° ± 12° in group A, −16° ± 12° in group B, and −28° ± 8° in group C (NS).The frequent association of LBBB, normal H-V, and ASHD suggested the presence of isolated ischemic disease of the left bundle branch. In contrast, the frequent association of LBBB, prolonged H-V, and absence of ASHD was suggestive of sclerodegenerative bilateral bundle-branch disease. In a patient with LBBB, the occurrence of both first-degree A-V block and a QRS duration of 0.16 sec or greater strongly suggested the likelihood of H-V prolongation.


Present address: 1Departement m6dicochirurgical de N6phrologie Dialyse et Transplantation, C.U.B. H6pital Erasme, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium Abstract Anti-CD3 antibodies induce a quick and profound depletion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that is not well understood. We studied the effect of OKT3, a mouse monoclonal antibody against the human CD3 complex, on the in vitro adhesion of human PBMCs to monolayers of fresh and fixed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). OKT3 induced an increased adhesiveness of PBMCs. This phenomenon was blocked with anti-CD18 antibodies, indicating the participation of/32 integrins. As this increased adhesiveness could explain the lymphopenia by adhesion of PBMCs to endothelial cells and their sequestration in some peripheral vascular beds, we studied the effect of antiCD18 antibodies in vivo on mice injected with 145/2Cll, a hamster monoclonal antibody against murine CD3. Mice treated with 145/2Cll presented with a transient granulocytopenia and a sustained reduction in PBMCs. A monoclonal anti-CD18 antibody prevented the granulocytopenia but had no effect on the drop in PBMCs. Consequently, the in vivo depletion of PBMCs after administration of an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody involves CD18-independent mechanisms, while the transient drop in polymorphonuclear cells appears to be CD18-dependent.


Purpose
This paper aims to understand the behaviors and attitudes of emerging decision-makers, who we refer to as the BETAs.

Design/methodology/approach
GWI, LinkedIn B2B Institute and Light Years research.

Findings
The research findings from 17,000 professionals across 10 markets characterizes the BETA population as individuals that have: Blurred work–life boundaries, an Evolving mindset, are Tech natives but are time poor, and have raised levels of Activism.

Originality/value
Original research.


This article examines the intricate dialectics between colonialism, Salafism, and the first glimpses of an Algerian nation throughout the interwar period. Founded in 1931, the Association of the Muslim Algerian Ulama (AMAU) embarked on defining the French dominated ummah [nation] on cultural and religious terms. By the same token, it aspired to reform the intellectual conditions of the Sunni populace via schools and weekly journals for the steadily growing Arabic-speaking readership. It is against such backdrop, that an old/new fault line was brought in the foreground of the Algerian salafī/iṣlāḥī discourse: the "authenticity" of the scripts as opposed to the "heterodox" ritualism and superstitions of Sufism. By applying the lens of postcolonial theory, it is suggested that the anti-Sufi content of the Association's journals reflected the cultural re - codifications of the French "Mission Civilisatrice," albeit in the shape of a restored Islamic orthodoxy coupled with the ambitious ethnoreligious reconstruction of Algeria.


The optical response functions and band structures of LiCoO$_2$ are studied at different levels of approximation, from density functional theory (DFT) in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to quasiparticle self-consistent QS$GW$ (with $G$ for Green's function and $W$ for screened Coulomb interaction) without and with ladder diagrams (QS$G\hat W$) and the Bethe Salpeter Equation (BSE) approach. The QS$GW$ method is found to strongly overestimate the band gap and electron-hole or excitonic effects are found to be important. They lower the quasiparticle gap by only about 11~\% but the lowest energy peaks in absorption are found to be excitonic in nature. The contributions from different band to band transitions and the relation of excitons to band-to-band transitions are analyzed. The excitons are found to be strongly localized. A comparison to experimental data is presented.


The long-term operation of high-speed railway leads to remarkable issues in ballast mechanical degradation and track irregularity. Particularly, in mainline of rail structure, the required time for ballast layer maintenance is strictly short. To systematically cope with this problem, a comprehensive study was proposed to develop a new cement asphalt mortar (CAM) stabilized ballast method. This solution is expected to improve the ballast structural durability with fast application time. However, the engineer properties of CAM paste with different level of initial mixing water as well as the influencing mechanisms are not clearly understood. In this work, the effects of initial mixing water and emulsifier on the mechanical performance of CAM are mainly discussed. The characteristics of the mortar were determined by conducting the flowability test, mixing stability test, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test. The test results revealed that the initial mixing water plays an important role in both fresh and hardened stage of CAM, especially the demulsification process of asphalt emulsion. Meanwhile, the emulsifier imposed a critical effect on the strength development of CAM mixture.


Where's My Bus? real-time tracking on mobile and web LoboBrainBar walk-up support for help with UNM technology StudentInfo self-help answers to common student questions LoboMobile campus events and services on your mobile device Campus Computing map of all campus computing and resource centers LoboMail mobile access, 25gb storage, scan the codes or visit the sites for more information:


The reliability on renewable energy sources will bring environmental benefits as well as overall energy security by diversifying energy supply. The major focus of this book is using polycrystalline Cu1.8Se1-xSx thin films as an alternative absorber layer to conventional Cu2-xSe for solar cell. This material will introduce an improvement in the performance of copper selenide- based solar cell which will be achieved by increasing band gap to match solar cell spectrum which in turn increasing the absorption and finally result in increasing efficiency. The other concentration of this book is using a new method, Inert gas condensation,as an original simply physical method to prepare a new material in the form of nanocrystalline thin films, which characterized by different properties other than polycrystalline films. By controlling the size of grains, we can obtain a different properties and consequently using nanocrystalline thin films in other applications such as field-effect transistors, quantum electronics, optoelectronics and sensors.


Oil-in-Oil (O/O) type emulsions are dispersed systems consisting of two or more mutually insoluble or sparingly soluble organic liquids. The O/O type emulsions have gathered significant attentions with a view to applications for ink, cosmetics, and so on [1]. However, preparation of the O/O type emulsions with high dispersibility has been kept difficult because the adsorption efficiency of amphiphilic molecules to the O/O interface is generally low. In this study, we studied the preparation of highly stable O/O type emulsions using an ion complex formation between an amine-type emulsifier and a phosphoric acid type co-emulsifier at the interface. O/O type emulsions were prepared using isoparaffin or normal paraffin added by the amine type emulsifier as a continuous phase, and methanol or ethanol added by the phosphoric acid type emulsifier as a dispersed phase. The dispersed phase was added to the continuous phase at various compositions and dispersed by ultrasonic treatment. Methanol / isoparaffin type emulsions with 20 wt% dispersed phase content were prepared in the presence of 10 wt% amine type emulsifier added to the continuous phase. However, obtained emulsions were phaseseparated after few hours. Then the phosphoric acid type co-emulsifier was added to inner dispersed phase (methanol) with various concentrations. Highly stable (about three months) methanol / isoparaffin type emulsions with about 150 nm in size were able to be obtained at the following composition; isoparaffin:methanol = 8:2 wt%, 10 wt% amine type emulsifier, and 20wt% phosphoric acid type co-emulsifier (Figure 1). We also examined the effect of chemical nature of continuous and dispersed phases on the dispersion stability of O/O emulsions. When ethanol was used as a disperse phase, the emulsion was destabilized as compared with that prepared with methanol. This instability was caused by the increased solubility of ethanol in isoparaffin. On the other hand, the emulsion using normal paraffin as a continuous phase showed higher dispersion stability than that using isoparaffin. Highly stable O/O emulsions were shown to be obtained by using oils with low mutual solubility and also by adding the co-emulsifier to dispersed phase which interacts with the emulsifier at the O/O interface. In addition, PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) microcapsules with the size less ca. 100 nm and the dispersion stability higher than a year were also successfully prepared in normal paraffin by the solvent evaporation method using the present O/O emulsions.


This database contains information compiled for the Guide to Oral History Collections in Canada/Guide aux collections d'histoire orale au Canada (1993), comp. by Normand Fortier, Archivist, Library and Archives of Canada. The Guide was published originally as Volume 13 of Oral History Forum d'histoire orale and the Oral History Centre at the University of Winnipeg now hosts it as a searchable database. Please note that neither the Oral History Centre nor the Canadian Oral History Association hold any of the archival documents. Please contact the archives that hold the records. Each record entry provides information about the archive holding the records. Note that this information, including addresses of archives, has not been updated since 1993. [ access the database here ]


Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a malignant soft-tissue sarcoma derived from vascular or lymphatic endothelial cells. It is very rare, and mostly affects the scalp and face of the elderly, while cutaneous angiosarcoma occurring in other sites is usually associated with radiotherapy or chronic lymphoedema. Cutaneous angiosarcoma usually has various clinical manifestations and histological features, and is easily misdiagnosed. In addition, it is highly aggressive with high risks of recurrence and metastasis. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, and effective therapeutic approaches are unavailable currently. For patients with early cutaneous angiosarcoma, surgery combined with radiotherapy is the main treatment method. For patients with locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous angiosarcoma, cytotoxic chemotherapy is usually adopted at present. However, the long-term prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Recently, some scholars have started to study the molecular pathogenesis of cutaneous angiosarcoma, and explore related targeted therapy.

Key words:
Skin diseases; Hemangiosarcoma; Diagnosis; Treatment outcome; Prognosis


The Astrophysics and Cosmology of the 21st Century -- Active Galactic Nuclei * The X-Ray Background and the Space Distribution of QSOs * Relativistic Outflow in Quasars and AGN * The Circumnuclear Environment and Early Evolution of AGN * Advances in the Study of the IGM at High Redshifts with the VLT High Resolution Spectrograph UVES * The Evolution of Quasars and Their Relation to Galaxies-. Why We Need Larger Radiotelescopes: The Atacama Large Millimeter Array * AGN's Central Machine Physics from Space VLBI-. Non-Cosmological Redshifts * Supermassive Black Holes * Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei * X-Ray Studies of Active Galactic Nuclei * The Role of Ground-Based Infrared Astronomy * What May We Learn from Multi-Wavelength Observations of Active Galactic Nuclei * The Relationship Between Supernova Remnants and Neutron Stars * The Future of Ground-Based Optical Interferometry * Science and Technology of a 100m Telescope: the OWL Concept * The Next Generation Space Telescope * etc


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high anticrystallization properties by forming a color layer of combined infrared absorbing materials and adding a disazo cyan color to an image color. SOLUTION: A color layer contains a combination of infrared absorbing materials. In addition, an image color contains a disazo cyan color shown by formula (R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are independently nitro, hydroxy, alkyl, aryl (condensed, condensed hetero) acryl, carboxy, (alkyl, aryl) carbonyl, hydrogen, alkenyl, (cyclo, halo, cyano, hydroxy) alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, aryloxyalkyl, alkenylcarbonyl, amino, (alkyl, aryl) amino, halogen, sulfoneamido or arylazo; R 3 , R 4 can form a diaminoalkylene group by mutually bonding together at the 4th and the 5th position of a ring; R 2 is hydroxy, hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; m is an integer of 1-5; n is an integer of 1-3; and x is an integer of 1-4). COPYRIGHT: (C)1997,JPO


better understood, thanks to the almost continuous scrutiny of the two lakes by scientists. Lakes Nyos and Monoun occupy the crater of a supposedly extinct volcano, in a region known by geologists for its numerous soda (not thermal) water springs, a common feature of old volcanic areas.The region belongs to the so-called volcanic chain of Cameroon, which culminates and ends 300 km further southwest at the still-active Mount Cameroon (4000 m asl.). Accumulated evidence strengthens the early hypothesis that the Monoun gas burst originated in the release of huge amounts of


Rarely are communications networks point-to-point. In most cases, transceiver relay stations exist between transmitter and receiver end-points. These relay stations, while essential for controlling cost and adding flexibility to network architectures, reduce the overall security of the respective network. In an effort to quantify that reduction, we extend the Quality of Secure Service (QoSS) model to these complex networks, specifically multi-hop networks. In this approach, the quantification of security is based upon probabilities that adversarial listeners and disruptors gain access to or manipulate transmitted data on one or more of these multi-hop channels. Message fragmentation and duplication across available channels provides a security performance trade-space, with its consequent QoSS. This work explores that trade-space and the corresponding QoSS model to describe it.


Gross rainfall, throughfall, stemflow and interception losses were determined and studied for seven years (1996 – 2002) in an evergreen schlyrophylous species (maquis) stand of eastern Mediterranean region and specifically of southern – western Greece. The data were collected on a weekly basis and are presented and analysed on annual time scale. The seven years mean annual values of throughfall, stemflow and interception losses were 61.2%, 6.8% and 32% of the corresponding gross rainfall (1134 mm), respectively. The annual values were compared and discussed with those of studies carried out in the western Mediterranean region and partially in southern California. Key-Words:schlyrophylous species, annual scale analysis, hydrological measurements.


The invention relates to a carbon nano tube array sensor. The carbon nano tube array sensor comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a carbon nano tube array, at least one first conduction metal layer and at least one second conduction metal layer, wherein the carbon nano tube array is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the carbon nano tube array comprises a plurality of carbon nano tubes, a first end and a second end which is opposite to the first end; the first electrode is electrically connected with the first end of the carbon nano tube array by thefirst conduction metal layer; the second electrode is electrically connected with the second end of the carbon nano tube array by the second conduction metal layer; and a first metal-philic layer is deposited at the first end of the carbon nano tube array, the first metal-philic layer is in contact with and is electrically connected with the first conduction metal layer, a second metal-philic layer is deposited at the second end of the carbon nano tube array, and the second metal-philic layer is in contact with and is electrically connected with the second conduction metal layer.


ABS TRACT Objective: There is'nt any study giving information about profiles of upper gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in Somalia; this study has reported the analysis of upper endoscopic results from Mogadishu for the first time. In this study we aimed to evaluate the distributions of the upper gastrointestinal diseases in Mogadishu. Material and Methods: Three hundred six patients who underwent upper GI endoscopy between 01.01.2015 and 20.04.2017 at Mogadishu Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Somalia-Turkey Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. Patients grouped according to the age, gender and diagnoses and assessed. Results: Ninety-seven patients were female (31.7%), 209 patients were male (68.3%). Age range was 16-97 years (mean age 47.9 years). The rates of upper GI were 18.0% (55 cases) esophageal cancer (nearly all patients had adenocarcinoma, squamous type was very rare), 2.3% (7 cases) gastric adenocarcinoma, 44.1% (135) endoscopic gastritis, 10.1% (31cases) peptic esophagitis, 4.3% (13 cases) duodenal ulcer, 4.3% (13 cases) bulbitis, 3.0% (9 cases) hiatal hernia, and 1.3% (4 cases) candidial esophagitis. 24 patients (7.8%) had normal endoscopic appearance. Conclusion: In our study we showed that the prevalence of esophagial cancer was higher in Mogadishu than in those of western countries. We think that the high rate of esophagus cancers due to the use of "khat" named an anxiolytic plant, too hot rice eating, poor nutrition from fresh vegetables and fruits, and the meals cooked in coal fire. Reduction the khat chewing and the improvements in eating habits are mandatory in order to reduce esophageal cancer cases.


Virtual Reality (VR) is gaining ground in the robotics and teleoperation industry, opening new prospects as a novel computerized methodology to make humans interact with robots. In contrast with more conventional button-based teleoperations, VR allows users to use their physical movements to drive robotic systems in the virtual environment. The latest VR devices are also equipped with integrated eye-tracking, which constitutes an exceptional opportunity for monitoring users' workload online. However, such devices are fairly recent, and human factors have been consistently marginalized so far in telerobotics research. We thus covered these aspects by analyzing extensive behavioral data generated by 24 participants driving a simulated industrial robot in VR through a pick-and-place task. Users drove the robot via button-based and action-based controls and under low (single-task) and high (dual-task) mental demands. We collected self-reports, performance and eye-tracking data. Specifically, we asked i) how the interactive features of VR affect users' performance and workload, and additionally tested ii) the sensibility of diverse eye parameters in monitoring users' vigilance and workload throughout the task. Users performed faster and more accurately, while also showing a lower mental workload, when using an action-based VR control. Among the eye parameters, pupil size was the most resilient indicator of workload, as it was highly correlated with the self-reports and was not affected by the user's degree of physical motion in VR. Our results thus bring a fresh human-centric overview of human-robot interactions in VR, and systematically demonstrate the potential of VR devices for monitoring human factors in telerobotics contexts.


In case 1, a 14 - month - old male child with sickle cell dis ease (SCD) was referred for eval u a tion for an allo ge neic hema to poietic stem cell trans plant (HCT). The patient had a his tory of dactylitis 3 times in his fi rst year of life and febrile epi sodes twice at the con sult. His 4 - year - old sis ter was found to be human leu ko cyte anti gen (HLA) iden ti cal. The patient was started on hydroxy urea (HU) at 2.5 years of age. His parents again sought con sul ta tion when he was 5 years old because of con cerns about his med i cal con di tion. At the time, the patient had expe ri enced 2 vaso - occlu sive pain epi sodes (VOEs) requir ing hos pi tal i za tion dur ing the pre vi ous 2 years. He had also expe ri enced inter mit tent pain cri ses requir ing rest at home for 2 to 3 days. The child has not attended school in per son due to the COVID - 19 pan demic. The fam ily is con sid er ing HCT but is ambiv a lent about it because of poten tial tox ic ity. In case 2, an 8 - year - old female child is 3 years out from HCT for SCD from her HLA - iden ti cal sib ling. Before HCT, despite receiv ing HU, she had expe ri enced > 5 VOEs requir ing hos pi tal-i


The industrialization in Wuxi belonged to the first rank in China in the Northern Warlords Period. The fast development owed much to the appropriate local management measures. At that time, local elite who were in control of many social autonomous social groups, played an important role in local management and infrastructure construction. In sharp contrast, the local government was weak in local management.


The physical, electrical and acoustic properties of subsurface lithology are widely used in the identification and exact determination of the coal bed thickness and depth. Recently, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are widely being used in various branches of engineering for solving complex problems. In contrast to the known classical methods, the purpose of this study is to estimate the presence of a coal layer with the help of artificial neural networks. In addition to ANN, it is also supported by Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). In this article, neutron, gamma ray, and density are used as input parameters. The data used in the research was collected in a coal research field called Soma Coal Basin in Turkey. The geophysical well log parameters of ten mechanically opened drilling wells at Soma Coal Basin are used. By using the geophysical well log parameters of ten drilling wells, a high volume of data has been obtained to enable accurate approximation and with help of ANN ANFIS. When the obtained results from different wells in the area evaluated on the basis of geophysical log data of the wells located in the same area the coal assets can be estimated with varying accuracy between 94.9% and 86.4% .When the tested wells are considered together, the accuracy can increased up to 91.6%. Considering costs of potential drillings, these types of studies that are carried out with ANN ANFIS will bring about a lot of advantages in terms of labor and cost.


The inhibitory effect of chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae on pathogens from crop seeds, fruits orvegetables was studied and the main factors influencing the antimicrobial activity of chitooligosaccharides were alsoinvestigated. It was found that chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae had wide spectrum fungistasis. It can stronglyinhibit the development of 31 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi such as Corticium rolfsii Saccardo. The results indicated thatthe degree of deacelylation (DD) or the average molecular weight (MW) of chitooligosaccharides were related to theantimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity increased with the rising of DD or the declining of MW. Pot culture resultsshowed that chitooligosaccharide could enhance the rate of the germination and emergence of the seeds of maize, wheatand cotton. It was also found that chitooligosaccharide had certain effect on corn southern leaf blight caussed byHelminthosporium maydis.


T. W. was admitted to hospital in January, 1944, with an acute suppurative otitis media. He had no history of previous illness of any sort. He was put on to sulphadiazine in the usual dosage, and started to improve immediately, the condition having cleared up by the 10th day, although he was still on the drug. On the next day he developed a painful swollen and tender right sternoclavicular joint which lasted for about 48 hours. During the following week he developed pain, swelling, and tenderness successively in the left shoulder and knee and the right shoulder, with a temperature of 102" and malaise and sweating. The blood sedimentation rate was 46 mm. in 1 hour, and there was a trace of albumin in the urine.


Although minority and immigrant entrepreneurs in the U.S. have clearly chosen to concentrate in highly competitive low-profit retail and service lines of business clustered geographically in urban minority neighborhoods, their reasons for doing so are unclear. We investigate their motivations by analyzing viability among urban small businesses; specifically, we compare the longevity of firms targeting clients in minority neighborhoods to those serving clients in nonminority-white residential areas. Our broader concern is to understand why the entrepreneurial occupational choice has been embraced and, given this choice, why the inner-city minority-market has been targeted. While some claim this market offers attractive opportunities, others stress that the predominance of minority- and immigrant-owned firms in this sector reflects the fact that only the least desirable market niches are accessible to them. We find that serving local clienteles in minority neighborhoods is strongly related to firm closure and low profitability. Attractive business opportunities were not apparent.


—Governments and publicly-funded research organisations increasingly make research data available openly. Researchers can use this data in Virtual Research Environments (VREs) to conduct multidisciplinary data-driven research and to obtain new insights potentially for governmental policy-making. However, the requirements for such a VRE are not yet clear. The objective of this study is to elicit and define requirements for a multidisciplinary VRE that integrates Open Government Data (OGD) and open research data for public policy making. Based on a VRE case study, we elicit 13 VRE requirements related to data storage, data accessing, data curation and other aspects, and describe a use case of open data for governmental policy-making. Meeting the requirements results in a VRE that 1) overlays the existing e-Research Infrastructures to provide researchers with integrated open data from different domains, 2) offers OGD in combination with data from publicly-funded research, and 3) stimulates innovation and research collaboration. and collaboration. Our study shows that the combination of OGD and open research data might be used for public policy-making, yet using this data to improve public policy-making is accompanied by many barriers. All the challenges found in the VRE literature were also found in our case study. In addition, we found that the VRE needs to integrate multidisciplinary data and provide access to OGD and open research data in an integrated and direct way. The user should be able to fetch the data immediately from the e-Research Infrastructures, having functions to filter and select it. While multidisciplinary research is required for public policy making, most existing so-called VREs do not combine data from multiple disciplines and many of them just harvest and redirect the user to the data source, without providing any services and software to analyse the and without dealing with heterogeneity The interviews also showed that VREs need to have a sustainable business model for long-term operation. Moreover, the use case showed that policy makers are not interested in the data itself, but in the information that can be derived from the data. They need either data products (analysis of data, maps, bulletins describing the results of a complex scientific analysis) or simple tools for data analysis. Collaborations with other researchers and community support plays an essential role in deriving useful information for governmental policy making.


A three-dimensional nonlinear theory is being used to design and optimize the performance of a four cavity, 95 GHz harmonic gyroklystron amplifier. An efficiency of 19% with a gain of 37 dB was achieved for interaction between the pi mode of the vaned magnetron cavities and the fourth cyclotron harmonic of a 25 kV, 5 A axis encircling electron beam. The space charge forces in the beam and the losses in the cavity were neglected. A uniform magnetic field was assumed along the length of the device. It is expected that the magnetic field profiling will improve the efficiency to 21 to 24%.<<ETX>>


By using the GM (1, 1) model in Grey System Theory, we forecast the future trend of the economy development and analysis the current economy problems which existing in Liaoning province. Then we select the date of gross domestic product from 2005 to 2012 in Liaoning province as sample data, build the mathematical model of the economy and get 2013 to 2016 prediction of gross domestic product. The result shows: the economic growth in Liaoning province is strong, and economic growth will not slow in next five years, but the In-depth analysis found that the current industrial structure in Liaoning province exist the trend of economic imbalance and productivity levels is lower. In order to solve these problems, the paper points out that should be expand domestic demand and export, focus on solving the aspects of environmental protection and the people's livelihood, and improve the first and third industry to contribution rate of economic growth so that the development of economy in Liaoning province is sustainable.


Nowadays numerous industrial robots are increasingly applied to complicated and precise operations such as assembly. So precise estimation of performance characteristics of a robot, such as positioning accuracy, orientating accuracy, path accuracy and soon, is being necessary for both users and manufacturers of robots. However it is difficult to measure the position and orientation of a robot moving in wide 3-D (three dimensional) space without contact, in real time and with high accuracy. In this paper a system using ultrasonic waves is proposed. The principle is a triangulation using distances between transmitters attached to a robot arm and receivers placed around the work space of the robot. An electric spark which works as a non-directional point source of ultrasound is used as a transmitter. This system is simple and economical compared with that using laser beams or LED. Moreover the accuracy is good because it measures distances directly from the time-of-flight of an ultrasonic pulse. In this first report the principle and a trial manufacture are dealt with.


A Lesson Study about length measurement in Early Childhood Education was developed collaboratively by students in initial Early Childhood Teacher Education as part of their practicum. The students from the Master's Degree in Early Childhood and Primary Education developed a "Lesson" for three settings and data was collected so it could be discussed in terms of: a) children's knowledge about measurement revealed in actions and discourse, and b) features of the planning that were aligned with ECE Pedagogy. The planning was based on listening to children as well as on valuing play as a means to understand children's knowledge and experiences. We present results from the data recorded in the reports prepared by the students: participant observation records of the 125 children during the activities. Children focused primarily on measuring as finding a result and measuring as an action associated with jobs or professionals. Most children mentioned home as the context where the tools were familiar. The diversity of experiences highlights the importance of home-school communication for mathematics and the relevance of play as an arena for children's complex understandings to be shared. Strict didactical sequences for measuring were perceived as disregarding that complexity.


Juice of fresh celery solution will be given to domestic cats and normal cases of human to achieve the purposes of this project. Dosages given three times a day/one weeks in a mount of one cup 250 ml for human 143 lb, and cats 10 lb in amount of one spoon 15 ml for each. Later, blood O2, CO2 and alkalinity Evaluated to get results. Our study conclusion were proves the high ability of the celery juice's antioxidants compounds to relieve the high acidity of blood resulted from viral infections like covid 19 and influenza, in a way to curing and strengthening the immune system against those viral infecions.


Local, or area-based partnerships between different development actors, be they private or public in their nature, attached to voluntary and community-based organisations, the business sector or others, with the aim of designing and implementing a local development agenda are an integral part of local development. The term "partnership" is used with different notions and often defining lines seem to be blurred between contractual arrangements in service and programme delivery and consistency in the objectives and activities of partners, resulting from a shift of boundaries and responsibilities in addressing social and economic development challenges. Local partnerships can be formal on informal in their nature.


A concept of diagnostic accuracy progression for embedded coding of medical images was presented. Implementation of JPEG2000 encoder with a modified PCRD optimization algorithm was realized and initially verified as a tool for accurate medical image streaming. Mean square error as a distortion measure was replaced by other numerical measures to revise quality progression according to diagnostic importance of successively encoded image information. A faster increment of image diagnostic importance during reconstruction of initial packets of code stream was reached. Modified Jasper code was initially tested on a set of mammograms containing clusters of microcalcifications and malignant masses, and other radiograms. Teleradiologic applications were considered as the first area of interests.


The present invention relates to a portable nanofiltration water purification cup. The cup comprises a cup body, a cup lid and an internal detachable water purification structure. The cup consists of four layers, namely a raw water storage layer 5, an active carbon adsorbing impurity layer 6, a hollow fiber nanofiltration layer 7 and a purified water storage layer 8. A water outlet 9 is formed in the side part of the cup body, a small manual pump 1, pressurizing the water storage layer to improve the filtration velocity, is connected on the cup lid through a screw and a pipe, and the cup lid is provided with a sealing ring to ensure the good air-tightness of the water storage layer and the filtration layer during pressurization. The cup is arranged in a compact portable structure, and field water such as river water, lake water and brackish water can be filtered into direct drinking water, so that the cup is good in practicality, simple in structure, easy to operate, convenient to carry, free of electrical energy, energy-saving, environmental-friendly, delicate and attractive.


The paper describes a new approach to ZIP code recognition using a word recognition algorithm, where a numeral string is recognized as a word. The paper also describes an end to end ZIP code recognition system consisting of tilt/slant correction, line segmentation, word segmentation, ZIP code location, as well as the ZIP code recognition. Evaluation tests are performed using address block image samples collected from United States mail pieces. The results of isolated numeral recognition, manually extracted ZIP code recognition, and end to end ZIP code recognition are presented to show and discuss the advantage of the word recognition based numeral string recognition.


This paper deals with a method of designing a dynamic damper with a preview action. It is the purpose of this investigation to achieve an optimal design of the dynamic damper with a preview action, which is applied to a vibratory system with damping. First, in order to attain a systematic design of the dynamic damper system, a modern control theory is used, and two kinds of design equations are derived; one for optimal design parameters and the other for optimal preview action. Then, from the viewpoint of nonlinear programming, these equations are solved, presenting design charts of the dynamic damper with a preview action. Furthermore, a dominant factor on the control effect is investigated. Finally, the design procedure proposed in the present paper is applied to the conventional dynamic damper, and the control effect for the suppression of the impact vibration is discussed.


Musa (sect. Musa) ochracea Shepherd, sp. nov. Plantae robustae, dense stoloniferae, usque 3 m. altae, non cereae, virides ochraceo-suffusae. Margines petioli inferne late scarioso-alati. Inflorescentia in parte feminea sub-pendula. Gemma mascula pendula, anguste ovoidea vel (ambitu) hastata, acuta, convoluta, purpurea, bracteis apertis revolutis. Flores masculae fulvae. Ovula quadriseriata. Fructus longe pedicellati. Semina minima. (Fig. I, p. 462). Plant densely stooling; pseudostems up to 3 m., robust, waxless, ochreous yellow-green. Petioles slender, up to 70 cm., margins erect above, spreading below with broad scarious transversely wrinkled wing; leaf lamina to 2 m. by one-third as wide, markedly truncate-elliptic. Peduncle subpendulous or nearly horizontal, slender, shortly and densely pubescent. Female hands basal, 5-8, subtending bracts lanceolate, about 30 cm. long, brownish red-purple outside, becoming brownish yellow at the tip, paler and streaky within. Female flowers 15-20 in two rows, with pedicel 1-5 cm., ovary 4 cm. and perianth 4 cm. long; ovary faintly tinged with anthocyanin at the apex, with ovules in four rows in each loculus; compound tepal pale orange-yellow; free tepal 3-3 cm. long, faintly yellow, with apex naviculate, transversely corrugated, shortly apiculate; staminodes 1-5-2-0 cm.; style slender with stigma dorsiventrally compressed and protruding beyond the perianth. Fruits oblanceolate-cylindrical, 6 cm. x 2 cm., borne on stalks 3 cm. long and sharply tapered above to slender, truncate bottlenecks about I cm. long. Seeds rounded-angular, smooth, light brown, perhaps the smallest in the


Conjugative transfer is a major threat to global health since it contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors among commensal and pathogenic bacteria. To allow their transfer, mobile genetic elements including Integrative and Conjugative Elements (ICEs) use a specialized conjugative apparatus related to Type IV secretion systems (Conj-T4SS). Therefore, Conj-T4SSs are excellent targets for strategies that aim to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we combined structural, biochemical and biophysical approaches to study OrfG, a protein that belongs to Conj-T4SS of ICESt3 from Streptococcus thermophilus. Structural analysis of OrfG by X-ray crystallography revealed that OrfG central domain is similar to VirB8-like proteins but displays a different quaternary structure in the crystal. To understand, at a structural level, the common and the diverse features between VirB8-like proteins from both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, we used an in silico structural alignment method that allowed us to identify different structural classes of VirB8-like proteins. Biochemical and biophysical characterizations of purified OrfG soluble domain and its central and C-terminal subdomains indicated that they are mainly monomeric in solution but able to form an unprecedented 6-mer oligomers. Our study provides new insights into the structural and assembly mode of VirB8-like proteins, a component essential for conjugative transfer and improves our understanding on these under-examined bacterial nanomachines.


of politics and administration, i.e., politicized administration, yet the &dquo; politicization &dquo; concept is only partly outlined and its genesis under different conditions, largely ignored. Politicization is, moreover, treated as a single phenomenon. These weaknesses inherent in the theoretical framework point to a positive relationship between politicization and bureaucratic corruption which is not necessarily correct.


We propose a theory of quantum gravity which formulates the quantum theory as a nonperturbative path integral, where each space–time history appears with the weight exp(iSEH), with SEH the Einstein–Hilbert action of the corresponding causal geometry. The path integral is diffeomorphism-invariant (only geometries appear) and background-independent. The theory can be investigated by computer simulations, which show that a de Sitter universe emerges on large scales. This emergence is of an entropic, self-organizing nature, with the weight of the Einstein–Hilbert action playing a minor role. Also, the quantum fluctuations around this de Sitter universe can be studied quantitatively and remain small until one gets close to the Planck scale. The structures found to describe Planck-scale gravity are reminiscent of certain aspects of condensed-matter systems.


Let $X_1,X_2,...$ be independent identically distributed random variables with values in $\C$. Denote by $\mu$ the probability distribution of $X_1$. Consider a random polynomial $P_n(z)=(z-X_1)...(z-X_n)$. We prove a conjecture of Pemantle and Rivin [arXiv:1109.5975] that the empirical measure $\mu_n:=\frac 1{n-1}\sum_{P_n'(z)=0} \delta_z$ counting the complex zeros of the derivative $P_n'$ converges in probability to $\mu$, as $n\to\infty$.


Enterprises are urged to continue implementing the sustainable development strategy in their business operations as "carbon neutrality" and "carbon peak" gradually become the current stage's worldwide targets. High-tech businesses (HTE) need to be better equipped to manage financial risks and avoid financial crises in the face of severe market competition. The most popular machine learning models—logistic regression, XGBoost, and BP neural networks—are chosen as the base models in this study. The three models are combined using the stacking method to train and forecast the fusion models while offering other researchers some basic model research ideas. The financial crisis early warning (FCEW) of HTE is built concurrently by contrasting the fusion of various quantitative basis models and the fusion procedures of voting and averaging. The outcomes demonstrate that the fusion model outperforms the single model in terms of performance, and the stacked fusion model has the best early warning impact. By comparing and comparing the effect of three fusion models on financial crisis warnings of high-tech enterprises, it makes up for the defect of low accuracy of traditional forecasting methods. It improves the sustainable development path of enterprises.


Ontologies are becoming so large in their coverage that no single person or a small group of people can develop them effectively and ontology development becomes a community-based enterprise. We present Collaborative Protege--an extension of the Protege ontology editor that we have designed specifically to support the collaboration process for a community of users. During the ontology-development process, Collaborative Protege allows users to hold discussions about the ontology components and changes using typed annotations; it tracks the change history of the ontology entities; it provides a chat and search functionality. Users edit simultaneously an ontology stored in a common repository. All changes made by a user are seen immediately by other users. Collaborative Protege is open source and distributed with the full installation of Protege.


T tell jokes on themselves: "What's a large orange monster from the deep that smells like a hog farm on a hot summer evening? No, it's not the Loch Ness monster. It's just another EPA Region 4 diver completing a routine operation." Or, "That photo looks overexposed because it's solid black, but it really shows EPA divers at work." Translated, the first "joke" describes an EPA scientist wearing a dry suit and full face gear who has just emerged from a 60-foot, zero-visibility descent into a six-foot bed of bypassed sewage sludge during a sediment oxygen demand study. The second reflects the fact that over 70 percent of the dives made by EPA's underwater teams take them into poor visibility or total darkness created by sediments, underwater growth, and pollutants. From the "Flower Garden" in the Gulf of Mexico to the polluted bottom of Boston harbor and Seattle's Puget Sound and the site of the "Delaware Wreck" in the Atlantic Ocean, EPA divers are doing a job that is far from the glamour of a Cousteau film or a Barbados TV commercial. They don't find sunken treasure or the remains of privateers, but they do find evidence of illegal dumping, the impacts of on-shore pollution, and, in many ways, a scientific treasure trove. EPA's divers are not a separate organzational unit, although their role has been formally recognized for at least 10 years. There are a formal certification and training program, "dive masters" in a number of locations, and a diving chapter in the Agency Safety Manual.


Abstract The role of the professional accountant has evolved with the development of accounting science. During this process, the professional accountant should not limit his training to only university courses, as his performance is linked to the continuous development of his skills and knowledge in the field. The current economic context outlines the necessity for a new type of professional accountant, one who is constantly up to date with legislative changes, always ready to implement aid schemes offered by the state, always able to support the business environment affected by the crisis. Considering all these aspects, the objectives of this article are directed towards answering the following questions: Can professional development and coordination by professional bodies prepare the accounting profession for the future? What are the conditions for professional evolution and professional revolution, considering extreme changes? Does personal responsibility for lifelong learning and career development represent necessary conditions for professional evolution? How can the professional evolution of the accountant be supported by professional associations? The methodology of the research is based on approaching the problem both theoretically and practically by studying the literature and analysing the legislation and the application of international standards in the field. A possible result of this article would be the estimation of the extent to which a coordinated professional development should be based on professional training, which triggers the challenges that professional accountants must face, and how professional bodies could intervene in the processes by updating the regulations, determining, thus, successful coordination within uncertain future scenarios.


A New Synthesis of Thymosin α1

Thymosin α1, an N-acetylated octacosa thymus peptide, isolated first from thymosin fraction 5, is synthesized by the solid phase method using the p-benzyloxybenzyl alcohol/polystyrene/divinylbenzene resin, Nα -Fmoc-amino acids and those with tert-butyl or Boc side chain protection. All couplings are performed with the Bop reagent. The peptide is purified by a combination of gel chromatography and preparative HPLC, its purity checked by amino acid analysis and analytical HPLC, and the biological activity tested by the E-rosette assay.


An effective Hamiltonian including current-current coupling from the global color symmetry model is derived. Retardation effects are introduced by the factor , instead of in the correlation kernel, from which the retardation gap equation with coupling in the vacuum is obtained, condensations of different retardation parameters with or without the term are calculated. The results show the effects of retardation,and indicate that the typical value of is about at reasonable value of condensation. And while taking typical value of of, the condensation is about 13% larger than that with no retardation effect. With the terms, the condensation is about 17% larger than that without it for all values of the parameter . This shows that the retardation effects and the terms are important for further studying in the Iow-energy region.


In a little more detail, if coordinates of nodes in the network are algebraically independent, we call the positions generic. A generic property of a graph is a property that is true of "most" configurations of a graph, namely ones whose positions are generic. As we'll see later, for many graph properties we are interested in, the configurations for which the properties hold form an open dense set in R.


We study geometric duality and use modi ed de nitions to obtain good complexity upper bounds on and algorithms dealing with the convex hull of piecewise smooth manifolds in E Speci cally we show that the convex hull of a collection of N smooth algebraic surface patches of bounded degree with bounded number of similarly constrained subfaces in E has complexity O N for all and can be constructed in randomized expected time of the same complexity The dual construction also produces an O N logN algorithm for constructing the convex hull of an unordered collection of N algebraic curve segments and points in E From a practical point of view the duality arguments enable us to give a simple characterization of the convex hull of quadratic surface patches bor dered by an arbitrary number of segments of conic sections In this case it is shown how to obtain closed form parameterizations of the new surfaces which arise in the construction of the convex hull Algebraic overhead is reasonable involving only numerical computations and existing simpler algorithms for CSG Constructive Solid Geometry intersection may be employed in place of the asymptotically e cient yet more complicated al gorithm Point classi cation against the hull may be performed in time O N logN log N using a simple algorithm without explicit construction of the hull


Elementary introduction to the application of Mathematica 3.0 to the solution of bound-state problems in quantum theory by standard variational procedures, with particular emphasis on the computation of precise upper bounds on energy levels of the system under consideration.


TWO things are essential to the proper treatment of any diseased organ: first, examination of the organ to determine the indications for treatment; second, treatment of the diseased organ according to the indications discovered by the examination. No practitioner would think of treating a suspected pneumonia without percussion and auscultation of the chest; but many able physicians will treat an acute middle ear trouble without once examining the tympanic membrane, the auditory canal, the mastoid process or the upper respiratory tract. Yet, a direct inspection of these parts and that daily, is as essential to the proper treatment of an otitis media, as it is to auscultate the chest in pneumonia. In olden times, otitis media was not treated; at present, it is cared for but often badly treated. Dirty dressings of the auditory canal with soothing ointments, warm oils or laudanum are useless. More progressive men prescribe profuse injections of boracic acid and other solutions, or installations of carbolic acid and glycerine, which are perfectly proper if they are discontinued when other steps become indicated. Some general practitioners will tell us that we are over anxious because we see only the severe cases. They state that discharging ears are only insignificant troubles, especially in children, which cure themselves.


Plasma emission intensity as a function of laser fluence exhibited a role transition of grain size effect on plasma emission with laser fluence and indicated that there exists a size effect stemming from mechanical properties of granular materials.


Objective To explore of combination of Tetra methylpyrazine(TMP),BanZhen No.1 and 5-Fu effect on obtains control gene Bcl-2,Bax mRNA of human gastric cancer cells Line SGC-7901 /ADR.M ethod SGC-7901/ADR cells regarded as target cells,Not dosing for the negative control group,Semi-quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction(RTPCR) was used for comparison of Bcl-2、Bax mRNA expression for Cell Line SGC-7901/ADR in group of 5-FU group,Banzhen No.1 group,BanZhen No.1 and 5-Fu group,BanZhen No.1 and 5-Fu and TMP group.Results The expression of Bcl-2 、Bax mRNA between the 5-FU group and the control group,there was no significant differences(P0.05),Bax mRNA was rising gradually and Bcl-2/Bax mRNA was reduced trend(P0.05).There were significantly difference in combination of modern medicine and traditional chinese medicine group,negative group and other groups.Conclusion It is possible that apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells Line SGC-7901/ADR correlated with combination of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine.This apoptosis may be controled by the high expression of Bax mRNA and low Bcl-2 mRNA,which reverse human gastric cancer cells to 5FU drug resistance.


The invention discloses a disk-shaped roller cutter ring with high hardness, good toughness and excellent comprehensive performance. The disk-shaped roller cutter ring comprises the following ingredients of: 0.46-0.56% of C, 0.80-1.20% of Si, 0.20-0.65% of Mn, 5.00-5.80% of Cr, 1.15%-1.55% of Mo, 0.85-1.40% of V and the balance Fe and impurities, wherein the content of P is no more than 0.02%, and the content of S is no more than 0.01%; and the overall hardness of the cutter ring is HRC55-61 (Rockwell Hardness C55-61), or the hardness is of graded distribution, i.e. the hardness of a working edge area is HRC55-61, the hardness of a transition surface area is HRC50-57, and the hardness of a step assembly surface area and an inner ring is HRC44-51. A preparation method of the disk-shaped roller cutter ring comprises the following steps of: smelting the raw materials in an electric furnace; carrying out electroslag remelting; preforging; carrying out die forging; carrying out slow cooling; annealing; carrying out rough machining to obtain a disk-shaped roller cutter ring rough blank; carrying out high-temperature vacuum hardening and two-time high-temperature tempering on the cutter ring rough blank; carrying out low-temperature destressing treatment; carrying out fine finishing to obtain the cutter ring with the overall hardness of HRC55-61, wherein the cutter ring with the overall hardness of HRC55-61 is applicable to the tunneling of a hard rock formation by a shield tunneling machine; or carrying out medium-frequency induction tempering treatment prior to the low-temperature destressing treatment to obtain the cutter ring with graded-distribution hardness, wherein the cutter ring with the graded-distribution hardness is applicable to the tunneling of a rock formation with an upper soft part and a lower hard part.


This article presents a formulation of information acquisition that uses search theory to evaluate the value of information. The value of information is the added utility from being able to choose from the available travel alternatives after having received the information. There are three main advantages to the formulation: first, it results in a parsimonious model of information acquisition and travel choice. Second, it enables the use of observed information acquisition behavior for the estimation of travel related parameters (e.g., value of time). Third, its parameters are easily interpretable. The formulation is tested using data from a multimodal travel simulator with information provision. Estimation results provide face validity to the formulation. Results indicate that travelers on non–business trips attach particular importance to mean travel times, whereas during business trips travel time variability also plays an important role. Also, it is found that travelers prefer information that adds previously unknown alternatives to their choice set over information that provides estimates for uncertain attributes of known alternatives. A substantial heterogeneity exists with respect to travelers' valuation of the costs and benefits of travel information.


Construction industry involves laborious and hazard work because of its demands it requires energetic and enthusiastic people and this are the attributes that in most cases young people poses. Construction industry stakeholder should shift their attention and prioritize the motivation of its workers since the industry has a way of cubing poverty and uplifting the county's economy. This study used data from both primary and secondary sources a special focus on leadership and human resource management context. A survey was conducted with managers and employees regarding motivation on construction site were conducted at different parts of Gauteng. Furthermore, employees work because they obtain something that they need from work and that something obtained from work impacts morale, employee motivation, and the quality of life. Workforce motivation affects productivity. Because most of the activities are done under difficult conditions including harsh weather conditions, to make it attractive employees should be motivated to carry out different activities. Motivators should be in place to improve the chances of the industry's competitiveness both locally and internationally.


Mainly for the heuristic purpose, I will propose a use of a"linear"version of the Edgeworth Box Diagram, and demonstrate a straightforward proof of convexity of the production set.


Some data into combined and sanitary sewer system were collected in order to find out the characteristics of discharge from first flush rainfall inflow. The inflow ratios of combined and sanitary sewer system were 0.46 and 0.27 during rains from various survey data. The average inflow ratio 0.31 was appropriate for general application because many watersheds were not classified clearly as combined or sanitary sewage treatment areas. The percentage of first flush loads in the whole BOD load was about 10%. This result was thought some meaningful, comparing with similarity of first flush pollution load contribution previous surveyed by KECO (2004).


In this paper a novel control strategy presented to grid integration of wind farms using squirrel-cage induction generators (SCIG) by unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) based on Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The interaction between wind generators and grid cause increasing short circuit current level , instability, fault ride-through (FRT) or low voltage ridethrough (LVRT) capability problem during fault condition. A new control strategy established for generation refrence signals of series converter (SERC) and shunt converter (SHUC) considering Spanish grid code. This control scheme can fulfill compensate all types of voltage sags. Also the proposed controller supplements the phase jump recovery. This control scheme deal with a dual control of real and reactive power transaction between wind energy conversion system based SCIG (WECSSCIG) and grid. As well as, FLC makes a fast dynamic response to any changes in speed, voltage and other important parameters of SCIG facing of short circuit and instability of wind farm.The simulation results can verified the high efficiency of proposed FLC-UPQC strategy to enhancement of Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capability of wind farm. Keywords—UPQC; Wind Farm; LVRT; Fuzzy Controller; Grid Code


Advances in the recognition of asymptomatic patients with Wilson's disease have made available biopsy material from livers at various stages of the pathologic process associated with chronic copper toxicity.' In a recent study of hepatocellular changes in such patients a striking reduction in acid phosphatase activity was reported to be "characteristic of the disorder." 2 The "absence of acid phosphatase activity" in cells with increased numbers of lysosomes was also described.2 The diagnostic significance of these observations prompted this histochemical study of liver biopsy specimens from 5 consecutive patients with Wilson's disease. All 5 exhibited the characteristic biochemical changes of Wilson's disease and varying degrees of liver involvement. Abundant hepatocellular lysosomal acid phosphatase activity was present in each patient. In 2 cases the acid phosphatase reaction product was also examined by electron microscopy.


It has been reported that the number of podocytes is significantly reduced in diabetic patients and animal models. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we found that high glucose induced apoptosis in control podocytes which express TRPC6 channels, but not in TRPC6− podocytes in which TRPC6 was knocked down by its shRNA. This effect was reproduced by treatment of the podocytes with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), one form of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Single‐channel data from cell‐attached patch‐clamp experiments showed that high glucose activated the TRPC6 channel, which was mimicked by exposure of podocytes to H2O2. Confocal microscopy data showed that high glucose elevated ROS in podocytes and H2O2 elevated intracellular Ca2+ via activation of TRPC6. These data together suggest that high glucose induces apoptosis in podocytes by inducing TRPC6 activity and subsequently increasing intracellular Ca2+ via elevation of ROS.


Abstract Background Clostridoides difficile infection is the second most common healthcare acquired infection (HAI) and the most common gastrointestinal HAI, with an estimated 365,200 cases reported by the CDC in 2017. CDI continues to remain a major cause of inpatient admission and utilization of healthcare resources. The exact incidence of peri-procedural CDI with cystectomy is unknown, and reported incidence of CDI in literature vary widely Methods We conducted an analysis of patients undergoing cystectomy between 2015 and 2017 using the ACS National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) to study the incidence, risk factors and 30-day post-surgical outcomes associated with CDI following cystectomy. Developed by the American College of Surgery, this is a nationally validated, risk-adjusted, outcomes-based program designed to determine and improve the quality of surgical and post-surgical care. Results The incidence of CDI following cystectomy was 3.6% in our patient cohort. 18.8% of patients developed CDI following hospital discharge. Non-elective surgeries, and complete cystectomy procedures had higher rate of CDI. 48.4% of patients with CDI had a preceding post-operative infection. Post-operative organ space infections (OR 1.95), post-operative renal failure (OR 2.38), post-operative sepsis (OR 2.49) and septic shock (OR 2.33) were independently associated with development of CDI, (all p values < 0.05). Patients who developed post-operative CDI during hospitalization had lengthier hospital admissions than those who did not develop a CDI (OR 2.29) and had a higher risk of DVT formation (2.48), and were also more likely to have unplanned readmissions (OR 7.8) Conclusion This is the first nationwide study looking at inpatient and 30-day post-operative CDI after cystectomy in the US. A sizable number of patients experience CDIs after cystectomy procedures, and CDI development is associated with an increase in length of stay and unplanned readmissions. This study lends further evidence to the need for continued interventions and initiatives to reduce this burden of post-operative CDI. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures


This rejoinder summarises the two main questions which Catholic Identity and the Revolt of the Netherlands, 1520-1635 seeks to address, and explains the way in which the author approached these before engaging with the points raised by the three reviewers. Noting the reviewers' appreciation for the book's emphasis on the experience of the laity and their role in the Catholic revival, the rejoinder discusses the points of criticism they raised, as well as the potential for further research. Encouraging the reader not to be deceived by the smokescreen of uniformity and hierarchy which the post-Tridentine Catholic Church has drawn up, the author suggests that we can account much more satisfactorily for the curious changes in fortune of the Catholic Church by looking beyond institutional sources, by appreciating the virtues of fragmentation and by broadening our scope to the whole of the religious landscape.


This paper is aimed at presenting a quantitative analysis on the ecoenvironmental security situation at Wuyishan Scenery District based on the net primeval productivity model of natural vegetation.It has given an analysis and assessment over the eco-environmental features and capacities as well as the landscape patterns and bio-diversities of the District.As is well known,the Wuyishan Scenery District is the world-class natural and cultural heritage.Therefore, it is of historical and realistic significance to fulfill the responsibility for effective preservation and protection of the natural and humanistic resources to guarantee its eco-environmental security and sustainable development.The results of our investigation and analysis indicate the truthfulness of the following statistical data and quantitative facts:(1) Its net primeval productivity of natural vegetation is 15.609 9(T/(hm~2·a),) which implies that the District remains in a comparatively higher stable balanced state;(2) Its natural system has higher typical productive capacity of subtropical features in a range of more advanced productive grades;(3) The capacity of eco-environment of the whole year is D_y=(4 947 000) people/a,which has larger environmental capacity space favorable for the protection of the natural resources and beauties in the District and also helps to maintain the available infrastructure and facilities with lower landscape fragmentation index;(4) The overall current scenery prospects remain satisfactory with pleasant eco-environmental looks;(5) Its abundant bio-diversify of vegetation keeps well-preserved,indicating it has been under proper protection. Thus,it can be said that the overall eco-environmental safety and security of the District is under good order.However,more attention is still to be paid to the control of the interference of the busy tourist and business activities of human beings while timely allergy of the fragile sustainable nature of the flora and fauna diversity is to be kept in mind.


We propose a tool-use model that makes robots choose and use tools to carry out tasks. In these days, researches on the tool-use by robots have been done aiming at robots that are useful in daily life. However, conventional researches have two problems, (1)experimenters need to label tools or environment, (2)it is impossible to perform a series of operation from tool selection to task execution. In this research, we propose a model which does not require labeling, and can use tools in consideration of selection. In order to construct a model which can solve the two problems, we let a robot select a tool, hold it and perform the task, and have a series of experiences. Then, train the sensory-motor data that acquired during the experience and task command with deep learning. At last, to evaluate the model, we confirmed ability of motion generation in the untrained situation.


To describe neurodevelopmental outcomes during early childhood among infants born very preterm and define the relationships between neurobehaviour of very preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 4 years.


In recent decades, a significant increase in the share of renewable energy sources in power grids at various voltage levels has been observed. A number of articles have been published highlighting emerging problems in low-voltage grids with a large share of prosumers and in medium- and high-voltage grids to which photovoltaic (PV) plants are connected. The article analyzes the medium-voltage grid in terms of the possibility of connecting maximum PV power to it, while maintaining the criterion of the proper voltage level in the whole grid. The selection of suitable locations for PV power plants is analyzed, as well as the expected effect of the possible modernization of the grid - replacement of the main line with lines having a larger cross-section. As a result of the analysis, the percentage profits from both presented solutions (PV power plants optimal locations and main power line modernization) have been compared.


Background selection describes the reduction in neutral diversity caused by selection against deleterious alleles at other loci. It is typically assumed that the purging of deleterious alleles affects linked neutral variants, and indeed simulations typically only treat a genomic window. However, background selection at unlinked loci also depresses neutral diversity. In agreement with previous analytical approximations, in our simulations of a human-like genome with a realistically high genome-wide deleterious mutation rate, the effects of unlinked background selection exceed those of linked background selection. Background selection reduces neutral genetic diversity by a factor that is independent of census population size. Outside of genic regions, the strength of background selection increases with the mean selection coefficient, contradicting the linked theory but in agreement with the unlinked theory. Neutral diversity within genic regions is fairly independent of the strength of selection. Deleterious genetic load among haploid individuals is underdispersed, indicating non-independent evolution of deleterious mutations. Empirical evidence for underdispersion was previously interpreted as evidence for global epistasis, but we recover it from a non-epistatic model. SIGNIFICANCE As individuals bearing deleterious alleles are removed from a population, other alleles are removed with them, some that are tightly linked near the deleterious allele on a chromosome and some that aren't linked at all. When the deleterious mutation rate is realistically high, unlinked pairs of loci are a more important influence on the removal of genetic variation. Simulations that assume independent evolution cannot capture removal just by using a lower "effective population size", because the probabilities of having deleterious alleles on different chromosomes are negatively correlated rather than independent.


Inhibition control is an essential executive function and the cornerstone of important skills during children's development, like self-regulation and the development of social and language abilities. Better inhibition control is associated with higher academic achievement (e.g., reasoning skills, mathematics, and science). Music training requires inhibition control when learning new motor skills of an instrument, synchronized group training, monitoring performance, and auditory stream prioritization. This meta-analysis examined for the first time whether music-based training improves inhibition control in children. A rigorous search of the literature from 1980 to 2022 yielded 2182 records (N = 1528). Twenty studies had longitudinal designs, of which eight were randomized-clinical trials (RCTs) with an active control condition. Inhibition control measures included the flanker, go/no-go, and Stroop tests or similar preschool adaptations. A random-effects meta-analysis of these studies showed a moderate-to-large effect size for improvement in inhibition control after music training compared to control programs in the eight RCTs (SMD = 0.63, CI= 0.41 to 0.85, p < .0001). The full set of twenty longitudinal studies that included quasi-experimental designs and passive control groups showed a small-to-moderate effect size (SMD = 0.36, CI = 0.21 to 0.50, p < .0001). These findings highlight that music training, probably owing to its time-bound multisensory and multimodal demands fostering brain plasticity, plays a privileged role in improving executive functioning in children, especially inhibition control. We recommend further validation of music training to complement education and as a therapeutic tool for clinical populations with inhibition control difficulties (e.g., Autism, ADHD). Public Significance Statement This meta-analysis is the first to show that music training in children specifically improves inhibition control, a critical executive function for self-regulation. Children generally enjoy music training, a complex multimodal activity that engages cognitive and speech abilities. Our results demonstrate that music training is an effective approach for strengthening cognition and highlight its potential to complement the rehabilitation of certain clinical disorders that involve inhibition control deficits. This review also identifies some limitations of current research and provides recommendations for future work.


Modern trends in the development of Russian oil and gas infrastructure are examined. The important role of the Far East in the transportation and export of oil is revealed. The main threats in the operation of pipelines are described. The integrated protection technology of pipeline surfaces is proposed. The structure and properties of local silicate raw material – diatomite – are studied. The technology of obtaining glass enamel coating is designed to protect the internal surface of the pipe. The phase composition, microstructure and properties of the coating are compared with analogues. The technology of foam glass production is designed to protect the external surface of the pipe. The foaming processes are studied; the properties and structure of the material are examined. The optimum ratio of raw materials is revealed. Recommendations on the application of the developed technology for integrated pipeline protection are given.


Objective: To study the best molding process of Yimaikang Dropping Pills.Methods: The coefficient of variation pill weight,dissolution time and the quality of appearance for the evaluation of quality indicators,the type of matrix,the ratio of drug and matrix,the dropping temperature,and the temperature of cooling liquid were served as the study factors for the orthogona experiment.Results: The optimum molding process for the drug and matrix ratio was 1∶6,matrix is the PEG6000,dropping temperature was 70~80 ℃,the cooling fluid temperature was 10~15 ℃.Conclusion: The Optimization of the molding process is simple,of high yield product,and good reproducibility and operability.


Robin Rabec looks at the worldwide problem of bird strikes and how the dogs of the ACSA Bird and Wildlife Control Unit Play their part.


This paper briefly described in the declaration and freight forwarding Training,the pilot "to promote the teaching method".Guide students through the learning stimulate students interest in mining the inherent potential of students with creative thinking so that students in the simulation of a large number of customs and freight forwarding in the realization of the role of teaching scenarios and teaching theory and practice of docking,the achievement of teaching methods by teachers led to the students as the main changes in teaching methods by the one-way to impart style to the more interactive change from passive acceptance of students to explore the changes in style.


The present research work was determined the pharmacognostic characteristics and the yield of the essential oil of the leaves of Minthostachys mollis "muna", whose sample was collected from Cochapampa Alta, Santa Cruz de Chuca of district, Santiago de Chuco of province, region La Libertad. Method: The pharmacognostic characteristics of the leaves of Minthostachys mollis "muna" included the determination of macromorphological characteristics; presenting a type of ovate leaf with irregularly serrated edge, with dark green color, with a similar smell to menthol, with a soft texture, size was 1.99 cm ± 0.28 in width, 2.90 cm ± 0.22 in length; Physicochemical parameters were 1.13% ± 0.07 foreign matter, 13.8% ± 0.29 residual moisture, 7.58% ± 0.04 total ash, 0.9% ± 0.02 acid insoluble ash, 4.89% ± 0.05 water-soluble ashes, water-soluble substances, ethanol at 50 ° GL, at 70 ° GL, and at 96 ° GL were 14.06% ± 0.06, 17.06% ± 0.08, 12.62% ± 0.06 and 18.07% ± 0.05 respectively; which agree with permissible ranges in pharmacopoeias; the preliminary phytochemical screening of Miranda and Cuellar, where phytoconstituents such as lactones, triterpenes, reducing sugars, tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and amino acids were identified. The yield of the essential oil was 0.6% ± 0.15 using the clevenger equipment


This paper looks at the recent history of East Asian exchange rate regimes in the context of the wider international discussion of exchange rates. It examines whether the exchange rate regimes were a cause of the crisis, or whether the crisis would have emerged under alternative exchange rate regimes. It focuses on the relationship between the exchange rate regime and the recovery process. It then asks whether exchange controls can help in maintenance of exchange rate and economic stability. The article concludes with a discussion of how the recent experience may affect future choice of exchange rate regimes. The sense of crisis in East Asia in the third quarter of 1997 was generated by the successive collapse of several Southeast Asian currencies, followed by the Korean won in the fourth quarter. The problems were later felt more generally as a financial and an economic crisis. There is a consensus amongst economists and policy makers that the exchange rate regimes that were applied in Southeast Asia and Korea immediately prior to the crisis were flawed, and contributed substantially to the catastrophic decline in economic output in the year or so from mid-1997. There is as yet no consensus on the exchange rate regimes that are most suited to the restoration of sustained growth through East Asia. By the mid-1990s, most East Asian economies had settled into de facto pegging of their currencies against the U.S. dollar. The pegs were articulated with varying degrees of commitment by the monetary authorities and sometimes but not always were accompanied by deliberately complementary domestic demand policies. A few of the pegs were supported by intrusive exchange controls. The main exception to the de facto peg was Japan, which had floated the yen ever since the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system of firmly fixed (but adjustable) exchange rates in the early 1970s. All currencies in the region had been through periods of floating rates or major changes of parity over the preceding two decades, before sliding into a de facto peg against the U.S. dollar. The shift to the de facto peg had occurred early in Hong Kong (in 1983, after a period of great volatility of a floating rate), and was most recent for Taiwan. The de facto pegs were mostly blown apart by the crisis, and succeeded by floating currencies. The floating rates were widely seen as being temporary, but the monetary authorities so far have had little to say about their likely longevity, or about the regimes that are likely to succeed them. The exceptions to the shift to floating rates are Hong Kong and China, which have staunchly and so far successfully defended the 1997 parities against the U.S. dollar; Vietnam, which has devalued its currency but moved to a lower, fixed rate; and Malaysia, which returned to a fixed parity, at a lower rate, in the third quarter of 1998, after a little over a year of major depreciation within a floating rate. This article looks at the recent history of East Asian exchange rate regimes in the context of the wider international discussion of exchange rates. It examines whether the exchange rate regimes were a cause of crisis, or whether the crisis would have emerged under alternative exchange rate regimes. It focuses on the relationship between the exchange rate regime and the recovery process. It then asks whether exchange controls can help in maintenance of exchange rate and economic stability. The article concludes with discussion of how the recent experience may affect future choice of exchange rate regimes. Exchange Rates: Evolving Regimes in International Perspective Most East Asian economies were members of the global system of fixed exchange rates until the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the early 1970s. Some were comfortable members, while others had great difficulty in reconciling a fixed exchange rate against major world currencies with its implications for domestic demand management. …


Conductivity (reciprocal resistivity) is an intrinsic property of seawater from which salinity and density may be derived. Oceanographic sensors cannot measure conductivity directly; instead they measure conductance, i.e. the voltage produced in response to the flow of a known electrical current. Conductivity is calculated from the conductance measured by the sensor using a scale factor or "cell constant" that reflects the ratio of length and cross-sectional area of the sampled water volume in which the electrical current actually flows. In certain types of cells, the length/area ratio corresponds very closely to the physical dimensions of the cell's "hard parts". However, in most cases, the sample volume cannot be directly measured to the necessary accuracy. The determination of conductivity derives from the familiar relationship:


AIDS support and prevention programs are poorly developed in developing nations. The difficulties of increasing AIDS awareness are compounded by illiteracy and lack of access of large numbers of people to formal education. These facts make community-based AIDS education, counselling and information service an essential alternative. One such system is the Family AIDS Caring Trust (FACT) based in Mutare, Zimbabwe. FACT is a volunteer organization with most of manpower initially coming from Christian religious organizations. Volunteers were trained as AIDS counselors, and over the first 18 months, 120 meetings were organized through FACT with 12,000 people in attendance. Doctors were counselled to refer patients with HIV/AIDS to have a FACT nurse visit and counsel their patients at home. FACT volunteers organize their own meetings after their training and they organize their own financial assistance. FACT produced a training booklet, but literature used by volunteers during their meetings was prepared by the volunteers. Information handed out or mass media campaigns were generally disbelieved by the people in favor of traditional beliefs, but a discussion with another community member trained by FACT was highly effective. The FACT organization is an inexpensive effective alternative providing a community-based AIDS education and awareness program.


This assessment describes the potential Year 2000 (Y2K) problems and describes the methods for achieving Y2K Compliance for Project W-420, Ventilation Stack Monitoring Systems Upgrades. The purpose of this assessment is to give an overview of the project. This document will not be updated and any dates contained in this document are estimates and may change. The project work scope includes upgrades to ventilation stacks and generic effluent monitoring systems (GEMS) at the 244-A Double Contained Receiver Tank (DCRT), the 244-BX DCRT, the 244-CR Vault, tanks 241-C-105 and 241-C-106, the 244-S DCRT, and the 244-TX DCRT. A detailed description of system dates, functions, interfaces, potential Y2K problems, and date resolutions can not be described since the project is in the definitive design phase, This assessment will describe the methods, protocols, and practices to ensure that equipment and systems do not have Y2K problems.


The state-of-the-art techniques create adversarial examples with a very low-intensity noise making the detection very hard. In the proposed work, we explore adding extra noise and filtering operations to differentiate between benign and adversarial examples. We hypothesize that adding lightweight noise affects the classification probability of adversarial examples more than benign ones. The proposed architecture uses them as features to train a binary classifier and detect adversarial examples in high-resolution, real-world images. Specifically, we look at beneficial noise generated through targeted adversarial attacks and noise from JPEG compression to perturb adversarial examples. Our standard classifier was able to distinguish benign and adversarial for BIM, PGD, and DeepFool in, approximately, 96.5%, 97%, and 85% of the cases, respectively, on high-resolution images from the ImageNet dataset.


The paper demonstrates suspended rectangular and circular patch antennas with eletromagnetically coupled inverted microstrip feed for linear as well as dual linear polarization/frequency applications. The measured results include the return loss and the impedance bandwidth of the antennas.


This research program overview focuses on the role of perceived understanding in interpersonal relationships. This overview (1) explains the theoretical rationale for the program; (2) details the progress to date; and (3) describes ongoing research efforts.


thereof a smart window, and a manufacturing method using glass beads, which are made of a glass material, instead of a polymer matrix of the conventional smart window. This causes the liquid crystal is in the size, shape and arrangement by placing the liquid crystal outside the glass beads constant, whereby a high stability and chemical resistance are ensured, a haze is avoided, a low operating voltage is possible and an improved appearance provided is, for example, a large variable range of the light transmission between an OFF (lichtimpermeabelen) and an oN (lichtpermeabelen) state.


The effect of ionizing radiation on the change in the composition of the free lipid fraction of various plant species, such as bean, pea, and barley, was studied. The results show an appreciable increase in the lipid peroxide content in the leaves of the shoots irradiated with relatively low doses (1000 r). Chnnges in the composition of unsaturated fatty acids of the free lipid fraction were found within the first hours following exposure to ionizinng radiation. Linoleic, oleic, and other unsaturated acids diasappear completely from this fraction. Oxidation of plant lipids is caused by the in vivo effect of enzymes since no such increase in lipid peroxides has been noted upon irradiation of the substrates of lipid metabolism (such as linoleic acid, carotene, and lipoxidase), and of leaves in which lipoxidase has been inactivated by steam. (auth)


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