Soon I after I arrived back in Oecussi the people of its coastal fringe
 were told to prepare for the mass expropriation of their land by the
 state. Jake's family was one of these households. Through the story of
 how Jake's grandmother, Marta, came down from the mountains as a
 girl and made a life by the sea, I show how resettled mountain folk have
 continued to engage with the land largely through spiritually mediated
 frameworks and understandings traceable to their highland origins.
 Through my own experience of an illness attributed by one of Mahata's
 resident mediums (ahinet) to these spirits I grapple with the ways in
 which these understandings are manifested in somatic experience as
 well as readily articulated belief.


Two mechanical models of pattern collapse, one by capillarity for wet process and the other by van de Waals under dry condition, have been analyzed for 7nm BEOL fine patterns. The effects of the dielectric materials and pattern geometries have been investigated and predictions have been made for future BEOL technology nodes.


Vibrational wavenumber assignments and geometrical parameters of single layer graphene (SLG) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with the basis set of 6-31G (d,p). The scaled vibrational assignments are found to be in good agreement with experimental values. The excitation energy, oscillator strength and wavelength were calculated using time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and compared with the experimental UV-Vis spectra. The total density of states (TDOS) and partial density of states (PDOS) of the molecules were studied. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and molecular electrostatic potential mapping also analysed.


Using a cost-benefit framework for financial planning services and proprietary data collected in the summer of 2008, the client characteristics that are associated with the likelihood of paying for professional financial advice, as well as the type of financial services purchased, are identified. Results indicate that respondents who pay for financial advice are more likely to be female, relatively older, wealthier, and college educated but do not have a high level of self-reported knowledge about financial issues. Of the respondents who purchase financial advice, those who are comprehensively-managed are more likely to be under 65, wealthy, and have high self-reported knowledge about financial issues. This study reveals important differences between the decision to pay for finan- cial advice and the type of financial services purchased.


The experience of one regional team within a large home health agency demonstrates that it is possible to provide comprehensive, patient-specific integrated care successfully under prospective pay and under managed care. This article describes the need-driven concept of a multidisciplinary care team model and follows its development over 3 years. It demonstrates that this approach can be fiscally successful with excellent outcomes for the patients, the clinicians, and the organization. The description takes the reader through the 3 years of development of this integrated care delivery model named for its originator.


Previous results haveshownthat chemotaxis andtheexpression ofseveral classes ofgenes inDictyostelium discoideum areregulated through acell surface cAMPreceptor interacting withguanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Gpro- teins). We nowdescribe cloning andsequencing ofcDNAs encoding twoGaprotein subunits fromDictyostelium. The derived amino acid sequences showthat they are45%identical toeachother andtoG.protein subunits frommammalsand yeast. BothcDNAsarecomplementary tomultiple mRNAsthat aredifferentially expressed during development. This evidence andanalysis ofmutants presented elsewhere suggest that they havedistinct physiological functions. Whendeprived ofnutrients, Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae cease growth andinitiate adevelopmental program. Within afewhours cells, guided bychemotaxis andinter- cellular signaling, spontaneously aggregate andformamul- ticellular organism. Cells inspecific positions ofthemulti- cellular structure differentiate into thestalk andspore cells of amature fruiting body. Thesignal molecule isextracellular cAMPthatinteracts withacell surface receptor. Present evidence indicates thatthecAMPreceptor alsoregulates aggregation stage andcell-type-specif ic geneexpression, cell patterning inthemigrating pseudoplasmodium,


Figure 1. Cumulative proportion of tuberculosis (TB) cases in relation to start of anti-TNF treatment. Each symbol represents a case reported to the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from January 1998 through March 2003. The 2 curves differed by KaplanMeier analysis ( ). The inflection in the curve at 90 days of infliximab therapy is consistent P p .00028 with a shift in etiology at that time from reactivation of disease to rapid progression of new infection.


This paper describes an algorithm for partitioning a behavioral hardware description written in the ISPS computer hardware description language. The partitioning is done before the actual registers, processing elements, and interconnections have been chosen, so that the partitioning information can be used to guide the design of the data path structure. An experiment was conducted in which a partition produced by the algorithm was compared to partitions done by human designers. The automatic partition was found to be in close agreement with those done by the designers.


Daohugoidae fam. n. with a single genus and species Daohugoa tobiasi gen. et sp. n. is described from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou in China. Daohugoidae is hypothesised to be a sister group of the clade comprising Siricidae, Myrmiciidae, Xiphydriidae and Apocrita.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the commonest endocrine disorder that affects more than 100 million people worldwide (6% of the population). It is caused by the deficiency or ineffective production of insulin by pancreas which results in increase or decrease in concentrations of glucose in the blood. It is found to damage many of the body systems, particularly the blood vessels and nerves. Many herbal plants with hypoglycemic properties are known from across the world. In India, diabetes has been known for a long time, but its incidence is not of the same magnitude across the subcontinent. The wide range of structures of the plant constituents, which appear to be the active hypoglycemic principles, suggests different sites of action within the body. Whether these plants truly possess hypoglycemic properties needs to be investigated for those plants that are commonly used in the management of diabetes. Researches conducted in the last few decades on plants, mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for diabetes, have shown anti diabetic property. Among them, 30 plants and their products (active natural principles and crude extracts) that have been mentioned used in the Indian traditional system of medicine have shown experimental or clinical anti diabetic activity. Trigonella foenumgraecum, Momor-dica charantia, Tinospora cordifolia, Enicostema littorae, Gymnema sylvestre, Azadiracta indica, Syzigium cumini are some of the most effective and the most commonly studied Indian plants in relation to diabetes.


The article analyzes the philosophical foundations of professional personnel training and development, the main ways of forming the intellectual meaning of students and the concept of development. The conceptual foundations of the studied phenomenon include clarification of the process of development of students' intellectual culture as a socio-pedagogical system. Socio-pedagogical system for the development of intellectual culture of students in the educational process, components of the social-pedagogical system for the development of intellectual culture of students in the process of social and humanitarian education, humanitarian direction of professional university training, social development of intellectual culture of students - the pedagogical system is analyzed. The article also reflects the clarification of the process of development of the intellectual culture of students as a socio-pedagogical and cultural system of the philosophical basis of the studied topic. At the same time, the main structural components of the philosophical system of intellectual culture of students in the educational process are characterized: need-motivation, cognitive, organizational-activity and ergonomic. The content aspect of students' intellectual culture was analyzed. Here, the main approaches of its formation, development system and functioning are considered in determining the essence of the concept of "intellectual culture".


To improve the effectiveness of dose distributions in radiotherapy planning and treatment, we investigated a robust image registration algorithm based on control volumes. It auto-mapps control volumes into Thin Plate Spline deformable transformation. The control volumes are introduced to increase the accuracy for the deformable registration. We also developed a bi-directional mapping method to choose the effective control volumes, which furthermore increase the registration accuracy. The clinical images are simulated using our two-step image registration algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the registration algorithm is robust and universal, even in great deformation cases. The algorithm provides a more convenient and robust resolution as compared to manual landmark based methods. The proposed method will help towards realizing the goal of automatic image registration in radiation therapy.


The advanced invention of information technology overcomes the limitations of traditional teaching methods. The English-oriented online teaching system not only has rich course resources, but also provides technical support for students' personalized learning. Therefore, using big data mining techniques may help to analyze students deeply and develop personalized study plans and content. Aiming at the deficiencies of online English teaching platform in the task of knowledge level diagnosis, an Exercise-correlated Knowledge Proficiency Tracing (EKPT) model that integrates multi-objective learning factors is proposed. The learning model maps students and practice information into meaningful knowledge space through practice and knowledge-related information, and quantifies students' knowledge learning process through forgetting curve theory and learning curve theory. The experimental test results show that the EKPT model has the best performance in knowledge ability prediction and learning performance prediction. The mean absolute error (MAE) values of the EKPT model in the English1 dataset, English2 dataset, written auxiliary dataset and adaptive dataset are 0.32, 0.25, 0.39 and 0.34, respectively, with the smallest error. Therefore, the proposed EKPT model meets the requirements of English online learning. The research content has important reference value for the construction of online English teaching platform.


Amulti-decade exploration into the theoretical foundations of artificial and natural general intelligence, which has been expressed in a series of books and papers and used to guide a series of practical and research-prototype software systems, is reviewed at a moderate level of detail. The review covers underlying philosophies (patternist philosophy of mind, foundational phenomenological and logical ontology), formalizations of the concept of intelligence, and a proposed high level architecture for AGI systems partly driven by these formalizations and philosophies. The implementation of specific cognitive processes such as logical reasoning, program learning, clustering and attention allocation in the context and language of this high level architecture is considered, as is the importance of a common (e.g. typedmetagraph based) knowledge representation for enabling "cognitive synergy" between the various processes. The specifics of human-like cognitive architecture are presented as manifestations of these general principles, and key aspects of machine consciousness and machine ethics are also treated in this context. Lessons for practical implementation of advanced AGI in frameworks such as OpenCog Hyperon are briefly considered.


Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationships between process innovation, human resources practices and the competitive advantage of organizations, through seven research hypotheses.
Design/methodology/approach: The methodology used is a descriptive, quantitative study applied to 207 human resources professionals from companies in the south of Brazil, analyzed by the modeling of structural equations.
Findings: The hypotheses predicted that process innovation and human resources practices would be positively related to competitive advantage, as well as process innovation would be positively correlated with human resources practices. The results confirmed the direct relationships supported by the hypotheses.
Practical implications: Regarding the managerial contributions, the present study brought important information to direct the strategic actions of the companies, integrating process innovation and human resources practices to generate competitive advantage, having human resources management as an important vector for the company strategy, guiding individuals towards the companies' objectives.
Originality/value: The originality of the study consists in the construction of a theoretical framework on the relationships between process innovation, human resources practices and the competitive advantage of organizations, which can be used by other researches and thus advance in the Theory of Administration.


Although the Oracle-bone inscription belongs to the divination in nature, the content is rich, including all aspects of social life at that time. This thesis is intended to study climate of the Shang-dynasty by analyzing the shapes of Chinese character and related to climatic condition revealed with oracle bone inscriptions. Eventually approximately 3,300 years ago, the weather of the Shang-dynasty was hot and humid climate more than today. Of course, because this text was collected and analyzed through the climate of the Shang-dynasty, it was never complete understanding of the situation. However, If you use these research methods and analyze many Oracle-bone inscription, you can research more specific and accurate information about the ancient Chinese life, including Shang-dynasty.


The mail community partition and the property of the mail community were discussed,an algorithm called ACCD was proposed to partition mail communities based on adjusting community center dynamically.A method of cosine measure was adopted to evaluate the similarity between two mailboxes based on the characteristics of mailboxes' communication behavior,and mail communities were partitioned by the way of adjusting the community centers dynamically.The experiments carried on real dataset show that the behavior of sending and receiving mails between mailboxes within a large LAN shows itself remarkable characteristics of small world network.Simultaneously,the experiment results also show that the algorithm of mail community partition in the paper is reasonable.


The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (I) having histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity, provides methods useful for treating pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, and by using this compound disease . In another embodiment, the method comprising the step of administering a compound described in a therapeutically effective amount of one or more herein to a subject, inhibiting or treating a disease resulting from abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation to. Other methods involve combination therapy by administering one or more of these compounds with other anti-cancer agents.


Introduction - Elie Kedourie as teacher. Part 1 Philosophy, political thought and ideology: Schiller's theory of aesthetic semblance, Patrick Murray notes on the concept of the "civil condition", David H. Sandiford the role of education in the development of Arab nationalism in the fertile crescent during the 1920s, Yoram Kahati Islam "vis-a-vis" communism and socialism, Rami Ginat Sun Yat-Sen's influence on Mu'ammar Qadhdhafi, Audrey Wells. Part 2 History and politics: Vorontsov's campaign of 1845 - a reconstruction and reinterpretation, Moshe Gammer dating the past - C.J. Edmonds and the invention of modern Iraq, Liora Lukitz Nahhas, the Arab league and the postwar order - a reinterpretation, Eran Lerman the causes of the failure of democracy in Iran, 1941-1953, Massoumeh Torfeh Arab strategy towards the Arab-Israeli conflict, January 1964 to June 1967, Moshe Shemesh Elie Kedourie's teaching of Middle Eastern history.


Abstract : This is a summary report of the four previous reports which concerned itself with examining the feasibility of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI) as an embedded, individualized training program. This training program is to be used in instructing operational users of the TACFIRE Tactical Data System. The TACFIRE courseware has been developed and produced in five functional areas consisting of independent modular blocks of instruction containing 44 PLANIT lessons and 10 performance based module pretests and posttests totaling approximately 3,600 PLANIT frames.


This paper proposes a novel procedure for generating parametric scalable functions with diverse properties to strengthen numerical evaluation of niching methods. It combines three simple basic functions to form a composite multimodal function, in which the function parameter controls the number of global minima. The resultant composite function may show a variety of challenges in global optimization such as high condition, correlation, and presence of many undesirable local minima, as well as those peculiar to multimodal optimization, such as nonuniformly distributed global minima with dissimilar basin sizes. Moreover, the proposed procedure results in computationally inexpensive composite functions, when compared to those generated by available methods. This allows for benchmarking long-term success of niching methods on problems with many global minima. Six parametric benchmark functions are proposed in which the function parameter controls the number of global minima. Detailed analysis on distribution, basin shapes and sizes of the global minima is provided. One of the proposed test problems involve constraints, a matter which did not receive much attention in the past. These test functions are employed to compare some of the most successful niching methods in the literature. The numerical results disclose a drastic disparity between the performance of different niching methods on the composite functions and the existing test problems, demonstrating that the proposed composite functions simulate distinct challenges. Our findings highlight importance of the core search algorithm and challenge suitability of many niching strategies in more complicated landscapes and higher dimensions.


This is a translation study related to translation shifts occurrence in the Indonesian translation of Novel Little Women written by Louisa May Alcott. The purposes of this study are to find out what types of category shifts found in the Indonesian translation of Little Women and to find out the dominant category shift found in the translation. The method which is used by the researcher is the combination of descriptive qualitative and quantitative method. The result of the research shows that all types of category shifts which are structure shift, class shift, unit shift and-system shifts, found in the translation. It also shows that the dominant category shift found in the translation is structure shift . Keywords : Translation, Translation shifts, Category shifts.


The union of formal method technology and object-oriented programming technology can eliminate software's descriptive interpretations in development earlier that may arose difference or incorrectness. Specially, this method is adapt to develop the software that reliability requrencment is very high. Therefore, we can exert their each excellence and develop high quality software better.


Cyanobacteria (blur-green algae) are interest member of a group known as eubacteria, they are photosynthetic prokaryotes, that were originally classified as microalgae and distributed worldwide from polar to equatorial latitudes. They have very specialized cells (heterocyst, Akinetes) that are able to fix nitrogen and serve at high temperature or drought. Synthesis of toxin by many cyanobacterial bloom an also be viewed as giving a selective advantage to these groups and become an increasing worldwide problem in aquatic habitats. Species of cyanobacteria are sometimes difficult to identify mainly because of high phenotypic plasticity. Recently, molecular studies suggest that the taxonomic validity of numerous species and genera to identify and classify cyanobacterial strains rather than the morphological and physiological properties which are not appropriate markers for the study of cyanobacterial taxonomy. The present study proposed a new technique as a model for studying of cyanobacterial strains called Whole Genome Amplification (WGA) that propagates substantially scarce quantities of DNA into thousand folds more of like DNA. WGA used to amplify the cyanobacterial DNA for further genotyping and sequencing. Thus, the specific goals of the present study involving optimizing the use of WGA by different primers for genomic amplification and identifying the cyanobacteria species to evaluate phylogenetic diversity of species included Saudi Arabia strains. The identification based on the molecular techniques such as 16SrRNA, phycocyanin intergenic spacer (PCIGS) and nitrogenase (nifH) amplification. In addition, the differentiation between all cyanobacterial strains applying short tandemly repeated repetitive (STRR), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing the gene produced. Detection and quantitative analysis of the cyanobacterial toxins were done by molecular techniques such as Microcystin, Nodularin,


Large socioeconomic impact of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) extremes motivated numerous attempts at its long range prediction over the past century. However, a rather low potential predictability (PP) of the seasonal ISM, contributed significantly by "internal," interannual variability was considered insurmountable. Here we show that the internal variability contributed by the ISM subseasonal (synoptic + intraseasonal) fluctuations, so far considered chaotic, is partly predictable as found to be tied to slowly varying forcing (e.g., El Niño and Southern Oscillation). This provides a scientific basis for predictability of the ISM rainfall beyond the conventional estimates of PP. We establish a much higher actual limit of PP (r∼0.82) through an extensive reforecast experiment (1,920 years of simulation) by improving two major physics in a global coupled climate model, which raises a hope for a very reliable dynamical seasonal ISM forecasting in the near future.


A biotic interaction between fungi from soil within and outside the rhizosphere of potato and fungi responsible for black scurf – Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and silver scurf – Helminthosporium solani (Dur., Mont.). It was found that fungi population connected with crop environment under investigation promoted the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, thus indicating no resistance of this environment to this pathogen. These fungi, however, inhibited the growth of Helminthosporium solani.


This paper examining the perception on the judicial system and the lawenforcement associated to the banks' probability to default. Credit institutions mustcontinuously update and undertake a satisfactory legal analysis, which is to confirm thepossibility of signing collateral contracts in all relevant jurisdictions. If necessary theanalysis must be updated in order to assure, at any moment, the enforcing of those contracts.


Early modern letters have long been utilized for the light they shed on the religious consciences of women. In his seminal work, Patrick Collinson outlined the 'confessional' nature of women's correspondence with reformation preachers such as John Knox, Edward Dering, Thomas Cartwright and Thomas Wilcox. Traditional studies have approached letters as historical documents, reliable depositories of facts there to be picked clean by the assiduous scholar. Approached as 'literary' texts, however, reading letters from the perspectives of genre, rhetoric and epistolary conventions, erodes (but does not entirely erase) simple notions of individual subjectivity, and letters as 'windows on men's souls': religious self‐representation instead appears as conscious, strategic, fluctuating and contested. Perhaps surprisingly given the religious turmoil of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, women's everyday correspondence, by its very nature pragmatic, registers little concerning religion. The epistolary representation of religious conscience it will, therefore, be argued in this essay most clearly emerges through situations of conflict or social negotiation. The essay will seek to explore the ways in which women constructed religious selves in correspondence by examining letters produced in a range of situations and performing a variety of functions. These include letters from women writing to extricate themselves or husbands and family from accusations of recusancy; letters of maternal rebuke chiding sons for lack of piety or irreligious behaviour; letters of religious nonconformists which were 'scribally' published or printed for posterity; and women's correspondence with male confessors.


Total quality management (TQM) programs are more likely to succeed if the prevailing organizational culture is compatible with the values and basic assumptions proposed by the total quality management discipline. Organizations looking to implement TQM practices need to have an organizational culture that considers learning fundamental for the survival of the organization. Only with the proper organizational culture and environment, can TQM initiatives be successfully implemented. Organizational culture has long been acknowledged to be important to the success of an organization. It is increasingly evident that top management must have an explicit focus on the development and maintenance of their organizationpsilas culture. By using the relevant literature on organizational culture and total quality management (TQM) including books and journal articles and Web sites, this paper explore the impact of organizational culture on the implementation of total quality management (TQM) in the organization.


Summary Accurate neuronal and vascular growth during development is critical for an organism's function and survival. Neurons, however, would not grow into a spinal cord, nor would endothelial cells form vascular tissue, if not for molecular guidance signals. These cells are blind to the fate of their growth. Two decades ago, my lab, with numerous collaborators, began the process of elucidating multiple chemotropic proteins expressed in mouse models of the developing nervous system. Their presence selectively attracts and repels axons to guide their growth. These chemotropic factors play dual roles depending on the receptor to which they bind and the interactions between these receptors. In tracking the unique growth pathway of commissural axons, we characterized the activity of five receptor-ligand complexes. We showed neuron attraction was mediated by DCC-Netrin and Rig-1-Slit complexes, and repulsion was mediated by Unc5-Netrin, Robo-Slit, and NeuropilinSemaphorin complexes. Additionally, we learned that classical morphogens, such as Wnt and Shh, also function as chemoattractants. Most recently, we have found that several of these chemotropic factors, such as Netrin and Semaphorin, play parallel roles in guiding vascular growth. My current research aims to expose the extent of this parallel and apply this knowledge to design therapies promoting neural regeneration after injury, as well as inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.


The development of actively cooled plasma-facing components (PFC) represents one of fusion's most challenging engineering efforts. In this frame, a high-quality bonding between the refractory armour and the heat sink is essential to ensure the heat removal capability and the thermal performances of PFC. Experience gained during manufacturing of Tore Supra actively cooled PFC led to the establishment of a qualification methodology and provided a large experience of acceptance criteria using an active infrared thermography (système d'acquisition de traitement infra-rouge, SATIR). This paper presents the application of this qualification process to the W7-X pre-series components, with the objective of assessing and defining workable acceptance criteria that enable reliable predictions of performance at the nominal heat flux requirements in W7-X. Finally, to check the reliability of the non-destructive examination (NDE) method by transient infrared thermography, the newly defined acceptance criteria were applied to W7-X pre-series target elements (batch #3). The SATIR results, benchmarked with HHF tests performed on the GLADIS ion beam facility were discussed to assess the ability to detect critical defects at the interface between tiles and heat sink.


Definition and Importance. Electrochemical Mechanisms. Corrosion Tendency and Electrode Potentials. Polarization and Corrosion Rates. Passivity. Iron and Steel. Effect of Stress. Atmospheric Corrosion of Iron and Other Metals. Corrosion of Iron and Other Metals in Soil. Oxidation and Tarnish. Stray--Current Corrosion. Cathodic Protection. Metallic Coatings. Inorganic Coatings. Organic Coatings. Inhibitors and Passivators. Treatment of Water and Steam Systems. Alloying for Corrosion Resistance. Stainless Steels. Copper and Copper Alloys. Aluminum and Magnesium. Lead. Nickel and Nickel Alloys. Cobalt and Cobalt Alloys. Titanium, Zirconium, and Tantalum. Silicon--Iron and Silicon--Nickel Alloys. Problems. Appendix. Index.


A randomization test (RndT) is a statistical significance test for which the validity is based on the random assignment of experimental units in a designed experiment. In a random sampling setting, it can also be applied in a very general way because its validity does not rely on distributional assumptions, homogeneity of variances, or independence of errors. However, the use of RndTs did not receive much attention in applied research because RndTs rely on computationally intensive algorithms and most popular and common statistical software packages do not provide facilities to easily perform randomization tests. In order to fill this gap, we present a software package, RT4Win. Unlike most stand-alone software and programs for RndTs, RT4Win is a fast Windows-based program with a user-friendly interface. It provides a facility to carry out RndTs in a series of experimental designs, for both systematic and Monte Carlo data partition methods. The program is free of charge and available upon request from the authors.


The density functional theory (DFT) in electronic structure calculations can be formulated as either a nonlinear eigenvalue or a direct minimization problem. The most widely used approach for solving the former is the so-called self-consistent field (SCF) iteration. A common observation is that the convergence of SCF is not clear theoretically, while approaches with convergence guarantees for solving the latter are often not competitive with SCF numerically. In this paper, we study gradient type methods for solving the direct minimization problem by constructing new iterations along the gradient on the Stiefel manifold. Global convergence rate (i.e., convergence to a stationary point from any initial solution) as well as local convergence rate can be obtained from the standard theory for gradient methods on manifold directly. A major computational advantage is that the computation of linear eigenvalue problems is no longer needed. The main costs of our approaches arise from the assembling of the total ene...


We use synchrotron x-ray and precision electron diffraction techniques to determine accurately the structure factors of selected reflections that are sensitive to the valence electron distribution in the superconductor MgB2. These values deviate significantly from calculated structure factors using the scattering factors of free atoms, but agree well with our calculated structure factors based on density functional theory. Having experimentally established the reliability of our firstprinciple calculated structure factors, we present electron density maps of the redistribution of the valence electrons that takes place when hypothetical free atoms of Mg and B in MgB2 interact to form the real crystal.


Radio relics are synchrotron emission found on the periphery of galaxy clusters. From the position and the morphology, it is often believed that the relics are generated by cosmic-ray (CR) electrons accelerated at shocks through a diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism. However, some radio relics have harder spectra than the prediction of the standard DSA model. One example is observed in the cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214, which is often called the "Toothbrush Cluster." Interestingly, the position of the relic is shifted from that of a possible shock. In this study, we show that these discrepancies in the spectrum and the position can be solved if turbulent (re)acceleration is very effective behind the shock. This means that for some relics turbulent reacceleration may be the main mechanism to produce high-energy electrons, contrary to the common belief that it is the DSA. Moreover, we show that for efficient reacceleration, the effective mean free path of the electrons has to be much smaller than their Coulomb mean free path. We also study the merging cluster 1E 0657−56, or the "Bullet Cluster," in which a radio relic has not been found at the position of the prominent shock ahead of the bullet. We indicate that a possible relic at the shock is obscured by the observed large radio halo that is generated by strong turbulence behind the shock. We propose a simple explanation of the morphological differences of radio emission among the Toothbrush, the Bullet, and the Sausage (CIZA J2242.8+5301) Clusters.


Transdisciplinarity is a challenge. Science removed emotion from knowledge, isolated man from life and created closed systems devoid of ethics. One major consequence of this fragmented worldview is the destruction of the environment. Someone who deals with the law faces human drama, and increasingly has to give answers to extremely complex issues for which there is, for the most part, no safe answers. This article brings considerations about scientific bias in transdisciplinarity, and concludes by providing some perspectives from Conscientiology, specifically the consciential paradigm and the disbelief principle, which are seen to assist when considering the paradigmatic crisis raised here.


Summary Rapid rise in population has caused serious problem in economic growth and human development. Family planning has been promoted through several methods of contraception, but due to serious adverse effects, such as hormonal imbalance, hypertension, and increased risk of cancer and weight gain, the search for new antifertility molecule with minimum side effects continues. Hydroalcoholic extract of Melia azedarach Linn roots were evaluated for antiimplantation, estrogenic /antiestrogenic and progestational/antiprogestational activity. It was found that the extract has very significant antiimplantation and antiprogestational activity and devoid of estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity.


The proliferation of underutilized, derelict, and contaminated properties following a nationwide decline of industrial production has created a unique policy problem. Powerful liability schemes under Superfund made property owners, developers, and lenders hesitant to engage in transactions involving real estate that is contaminated or perceived as contaminated. Adoption of Federal and state policy to address these "Brownfields" in the 1990s and 2000s has attempted to promote redevelopment by limiting liability of involved parties and providing grant funding. This research hypothesizes that "environmental justice communities" have significantly lower likelihood of receiving benefit-maximizing redevelopment projects under both Federal and state-level voluntary cleanup programs. A multinomial logistic regression model considering past use of the site, socioeconomic status of the surrounding census tract and its composite urban sprawl score, and Republican control of the district containing the brownfield were used to assess the probability of a hierarchy of redevelopment outcomes.


This article reviews the use of DeConcini-Procesi wonderful models in renormalization of ultraviolet divergences in position space as introduced by Bergbauer, Brunetti and Kreimer. In contrast to the exposition there we employ a slightly different approach; instead of the subspaces in the arrangement of divergent loci, we use the poset of divergent subgraphs as the main tool to describe the whole renormalization process. This is based on an article by Feichtner, where wonderful models were studied from a purely combinatorial viewpoint. The main motivation for this approach is the fact that both, renormalization and the model construction, are governed by the combinatorics of this poset. Not only simplifies this the exposition considerably, but also allows to study the renormalization operators in more detail. Moreover, we explore the renormalization group in this setting by studying how the renormalized distributions behave under a change of renormalization points.


This article explores the concept of the 'Holy Land' as reflected in a Palestinian seventeenth-century manuscript: A String of Pearls in Praise of al-Sham, by Muhammad Habib, and in light of the considerable output of works on the 'virtues of the Holy Land' by Muslim writers in Palestine and Syria. Although these writers composed their works using materials from traditional sources (religious, historical, geographical), the key issue explored here is the use of Palestinian oral and local traditions which were not always consistent with official or orthodox Islamic thought and thus local traditions which remained outside the bounds of official hadith compilations. This study explore the role played by local or oral traditions in highlighting the sanctity of a city or a site in Palestine and Syria.


The study examined the internalization of core-values of New Public Management (NPM) among Local Government Units (LGUs) in the Philippines in their effort to reform the management and operation of public markets.  Using Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as a framework of NPM for infrastructure development and service delivery, the study assessed the performance of PPP/BOT Public Markets in addressing the perennial problems of public markets in the Philippines. It inquired whether or not PPP as an instrument of reform has improved the management and operation of public markets.To substantiate the assessment, five pioneering PPP public markets in the country were examined, namely; Mandaluyong Public Market in Mandaluyong City, Carmen and Cogon Public Markets in Cagayan de Oro City, Suki Market in Quezon City, and Bocaue Public Market in Bocaue, Bulacan. It used organization and management, the scope of facilities and services, LGU-revenue income and expenditures, and income of market vendors, and client satisfaction on the quality of facilities and services as performance indicators. The data of the study were obtained through combined research methodologies such as case study, content analysis, ocular inspection, and interviews with the city and municipal administrators, market administrators, market vendors, and officers of market vendors associations.The study shows that while PPP has improved the performance of public markets during the early years of operation, these gains and all advances were not sustained by the LGUs when management and operation of public markets were turned over to them from the private project proponent-operators. The study argued that in order to sustain public-private partnerships in the operation of the public market, it is imperative to institutionalize reforms in the structure, processes, mindsets of the leaders, and stakeholders. The institutionalization of NPM's core values can be carried out effectively through localization of PPP as a policy so that the necessary legal and institutional frameworks for PPP will be anchored based on the need, strength, and weaknesses of the LGU concerned.The study makes a positive contribution to the on-going discourse on public sector reform in the Philippines particularly at the local level using PPP as a model. It enriches not only the literature of Public Administration but also provides valuable lessons in the praxis of governance.


The interconectivity of language in the analysis of ideological schemas of gender and power is remarkable. In every piece of texts, language is employed as an expression of ideology. Hence, there is no linguistic expression that is ideologically empty. Language is inspirable from the gender and power preoccupations of Chinua Achebe's There Was a Country and Chimamanda Adiche's Half of a Yellow Sun. In this paper, it is made succinct that both Achebe and Adichie deploy their English linguistic prowess with their traditional Igbo language colorations as an expression of power and gender discourses. Indeed, while it is deduced that Achebe, through the use of rhetorical and proverbial expressions, pursued a somewhat patriarchal gender and power ideological inclination in his memoir; Adichie, in her use of sublime language, exhibited her feminine gender belief in a rather subtle manner. Evidently, the two authors' use of the English language with a heavy Igbo language influence is an index to the fact that language, apart from being a powerful means of expression of a writer's ideological idiosyncrasy, is a source of power on its own; an instrument which both Achebe and Adichie deployed to show their different gender inclinations and power discourses in the selected texts.


This thesis deals with the competitiveness of banks by grating consumers credits on the Czech market. The theoretical part focuses on the description of the banking sector and its functioning. The practical part is dedicated to finding indicators of competitiveness of banks and their comparison to determine the most competitive bank in the Czech market.


During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, large-scale corpora of vernacular song begin to be preserved in writing for the first time. Song can be found in many different forms and manuscript contexts: interpolated into narrative works, tucked into large miscellanies, and gathered into carefully ordered songbooks. In her monograph, Songbook: How Lyrics Became Poetry in Medieval Europe, Marisa Galvez focuses on the nature and purpose of the songbook and the ways in which medieval songbooks work to establish expectations about the poets and lyrics within their pages. Her aim is to view these songbooks as living entities and communal objects that establish a system of values for lyric that is rhetorical, biographical, and phenomenological. In her words, ''Songbooks embody the beginnings of these great lyric traditions, and the choices made in gathering them into codices undoubtedly shaped the history of later poetry in these languages. And yet it has never been asked, in a comprehensive study, whether songbooks of different national traditions have common properties, or how songbooks enable us to understand the process that sees a song made permanent in manuscript or print, allows a series of songs to tell a story in a book, and creates productive tensions within these changes'' (1). Songbook builds on a variety of studies that have considered questions of compilatio and ordinatio in the context of vernacular culture, emphasizing the collaborative ways in which medieval songbooks were most likely produced, the agency of their scribes and compilers, and the ways in which they work to re-create (or perhaps even create whole-cloth) authorial personae for the songs they contain. Influential studies by Sylvia Huot, as well as by Olivia Holmes, Stephen Nichols, and William Burgwinkle, among others, have illuminated these issues in the context of medieval Occitan, Old French, and Italian lyric tra-


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Rates of overweight and obesity in emerging adults are rapidly increasing and associated with many chronic illnesses, quality of life concerns, and increased health care spending. Effective weight management interventions are needed for this population. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of a text-messaging weight loss intervention on motivation, stage of change for weight loss, and BMI.

METHODS
Overweight and obese emerging adults were enrolled (n = 188) and randomized to control or intervention groups. Weight loss information was delivered via a website to both groups. The intervention group also received daily weight loss-related text messages. Motivation, stage of change, and BMI were assessed online, via self-report at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS
Ninety-five participants were included in the final data analysis. There was a significant increase in motivation and stage of change and decrease in BMI over the study duration, with no significant differences between groups.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Nurse practitioners are well positioned to provide innovative weight loss interventions in a variety of settings. These results provide important insights for the design of effective weight loss treatment for emerging adults and support the use of web-based and text message-based interventions.


These data represent the first shot point for each line of data acquired with various seismic-reflection systems utilized during U.S. Geological Survey geophysical research cruises.


Germ cells are the precursors of the mature gametes, making their status as stem cells apparently unassailable. The fusion of the gametes to produce a totipotent zygote initiates the whole program of embryonic development, leading to the formation of the stem cells of all adult tissues as well as the next generation of germ cells. Focusing on mammals, in this review, I examine how germ cells arise and whether their precursors are stem cells in their own right. I also discuss how the study of germ cells and their precursors sheds light on the important questions of what controls pluripotency and how genomes are reprogrammed. For the purposes of this review, I define stem cells as a cell population that has the capacity both to self-renew and to give rise to at least one kind of nondividing, fully differentiated descendant. The germ cell lineage usually originates as a very small founding population that is segregated from somatic cells early in development, at least in organisms where the overall body plan is also established early (Dixon 1994). Perhaps the physical separation of germ cells from organizing centers helps to protect them from the influence of potent signaling factors and morphogenetic movements. In vertebrates and Drosophila, there is considerable proliferation of the founding population as it moves from its site of origin to the gonads. The term primordial germ cells (PGCs) is strictly applied to the diploid germ cell precursors that transiently exist in the embryo before they enter into close association...


Some fundamental issues in the formulation of constitutive theories of material response based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient are reviewed, with focus on finite deformation thermoelasticity, elastoplasticity, and biomechanics. The constitutive theory of isotropic thermoelasticity is first considered. The stress response and the entropy expression are derived in the case of quadratic dependence of the elastic strain energy on the finite elastic strain. Basic kinematic and kinetic aspects of the phenomenological and single crystal elastoplasticity within the framework of the multiplicative decomposition are presented. Attention is given to additive decompositions of the stress and strain rates into their elastic and plastic parts. The constitutive analysis of the stress-modulated growth of pseudo-elastic soft tissues is then presented. The elastic and growth parts of the deformation gradient and the rate of deformation tensor are defined and used to construct the corresponding rate-type biomechanic theory. The structure of the evolution equation for growth-induced stretch ratio is discussed. There are 112 references cited in this review article. DOI: 10.1115/1.1591000 The objective of this survey is to give an overview of the application of the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient in constitutive theories of finite deformation thermoelasticity, elastoplasticity, and biomechanics. The multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient is based on an intermediate material configuration, which is obtained by a conceptual destressing of the currently deformed material configuration to zero stress. The significance of such configuration for material modeling was pointed out ˙


In static laboratory experiments there are determined quantities influencing the adsorption of selected metal ions on different surfaces (base metals, glass of instruments, quartz glass, plastic materials, precious metals). A great dependence on pH, ionic species, ionic concentration, material as well as temperature and presence of complexing agents is observed. Processes are proposed or confirmed by which the losses of material during the trace analysis are reduced.


We sought to provide clinical insights on the usage rate, indications, and in‐hospital outcomes of the revived directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) catheter (Atherocut™) in a Japanese nationwide percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) registry.


In this work, we propose a combined approach based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) for solving the real-time optimization problem appearing in the hybrid predictive control of systems with continuous and discrete inputs. The conventional PSO for continuous problems is mixed with binary PSO for handling discrete variables, and after iterations of the algorithm have ended, SQP is applied for refining the continuous variables. This new method (PSO+SQP) is favorably compared with a conventional non-linear optimization techniques (based on Branch and Bound and Explicit Enumeration) and PSO. Also, a multi-objective approach is considered as a tuning method for the population size and number of iterations for PSO. All these algorithms are applied for the temperature control of a Batch Reactor.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one-year water storage and surface treatments on shear bond strength (SBS) of two resin cements to resin-based CAD/CAM materials (RC) and evaluate the mechanical properties elastic modulus (EM) and flexural strength (FS) of RCs. Additionally, the compositions and microstructures of RCs were analyzed. Three RC materials (Enamic, Lava Ultimate, Cerasmart) and one conventional indirect composite (Epricord) were tested. For each material sixty plates (14 x 7 x 1 mm) were prepared for SBS test and submitted to three different surface treatments: manufacturer's instructions (MI), non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) application for 30 s and NTAP + bonding agent (BA). Two resin cements were tested: RelyX Ultimate (RX) and Panavia V5 (V5). Two resin cylinders (1.5 mm diameter x 1.5 mm height) were bonded to each plate (n = 10), one tested after 24-h in distilled water-storage and the other after one year. Twenty rectangular bars (12 x 2 x 1 mm) of each indirect material were prepared and submitted to 3-point flexural test after 24-h or one-year water storage to obtain EM and FS values (n = 10). Fractured samples were examined under energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SBS data were analyzed by four-way ANOVA, and EM and FS data by two-way ANOVA, followed by post-hoc Tukey's test (a=0.05). MI groups obtained higher SBS values than NTAP and NTAP + BA for all indirect materials, resin cements and storage periods tested. In general, RX displayed higher SBS means than V5, except for some groups of Epricord MI. After one year, all groups presented significant reduction of SBS, except for some MI groups. Epricord showed the lowest values of EM and FS. Among CAD/CAM materials, Cerasmart had the lowest EM and highest FS means, while Enamic had the highest EM and lowest FS means, for both storage periods. SEM images and EDS analyses showed that the RCs presented different compositions and microstructures. Some indirect materials tested showed alterations in resin cement adhesion according to surface treatment and storage time, which also influenced EM and FS. Compositional and structural differences were determinant on the performance of properties studied.


The paper presents an overview of the work of the Student Scientific Conference "Topical Modern Time Issues Concerning Environmental Protection", which was held at Moscow University for the Humanities on 11 th April 2017.


West Siberia peatlands store at least 70.2 Pg C and cover ca. 600,000 km2. These peatlands receive large attention in last decades primarily because of their great potential for carbon release to the atmosphere through enhanced CO2 and/or CH4 gas emissions (Peregon et al., 2009). On another hand, the release of dissolved organic carbon to streams and rivers has emerged as an additional and crucial negative term in the carbon balance of peatlands (Frey and Smith, 2003). The Ob' and Yenisey Rivers, draining Western Siberia Lowland en route to the Kara Sea, transport more dissolved organic carbon (DOC) than any other river of the Arctic Ocean basin (Holmes et al., 2011). Thus, to predict the response of West Siberia peatlands to climate warming requires also exploring riverine element fluxes in the sense of (i) terrestrial sources and (ii) controlling mechanisms.


Abstract Background Verigene Blood Culture Gram-Negative (VBC-GN) is a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) that can detect key GNs and resistance within hours from Gram-stain. Numerous studies have shown that RDTs in BSIs improve clinical outcomes, particularly with active antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) intervention. Little is known regarding outcomes in GN BSI without vs. with AMS intervention. Methods A retrospective three-part quasi-experimental study of adult patients with GN BSI from December 2014 to April 2018. VBC-GN was introduced September 2015 and AMS review was implemented October 2017. Antibiotics were appropriate if active in vitro against isolated GN. Optimal antibiotics were not overly broad, accounted for resistance, source of infection, and other infecting organisms. Comparisons were made using Chi-squared for nominal variables and Kaplan–Meier with log-rank for time to event analysis. Results In total, 772 patients met inclusion. The most common source was urinary (30.1%) and E. coli was the most common GN (37.9%). Infectious Disease consults increased with each group (50.6% vs. 67.9% vs. 81.8%, P < 0.001). More patients pre-RDT (37.36%) and RDT+AMS (35.6%) compared with RDT only (24.6%) were critically ill, P = 0.001. Optimal therapy was achieved in more patients in RDT-only (79%) and RDT+AMS (86%) groups compared with pre-RDT (66%), P < 0.001. More patients in the pre-RDT group (44.7%) were appropriately de-escalated compared with RDT only (31.6%) and RDT + AMS (38.7%), P = 0.026. Appropriate escalation occurred most often in the RDT-only group (39.3%) vs. pre-RDT (15.2%) and RDT + AMS (14.2%), P = 0.019. Median post-BSI length of stay (8.2 vs. 7.1 vs. 8.5 days, P = 0.226) and inpatient mortality (10.8% vs. 14.3% vs. 11.4%, P = 0.493) were similar. Conclusion With the implementation of VBC-GN RDT there was a significantly decreased time to optimal therapy, mainly based on necessary antibiotic escalation. Antibiotic de-escalation remained a challenge, even with active AMS review. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


The head and flow rate of a pump characterize the pump performance, which help determine whether maintenance is needed. In the proposed method, instead of a traditional flowmeter and manometer, the operating points are identified using data collected from accelerometers and microphones. The dataset is created from a test rig consisting of a standard centrifugal water pump and measurement system. After implementing preprocessing techniques and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), the trained models are obtained and evaluated. The influence of the sensor location and the performance of different signals or signal combinations are investigated. The proposed method achieves a mean relative error of 7.23% for flow rate and 2.37% for head with the best model. By employing two data augmentation techniques, performance is further improved, resulting in a mean relative error of 3.55% for flow rate and 1.35% for head with the sliding window technique.


Today a large number of storage tanks for petroleum products, steam generators thermal power plants, construction of bridges, are operated. Their walls are made of structural steel. All are subject to corrosion, which reduces their mechanical strength and can lead to accidents. In connection with this important task is to conduct early diagnosis of corrosion of such structures. Measuring the thickness of steel sheet constructions of eddy currents method can be such diagnosis. However, the using eddy current method for measuring the thickness of the ferromagnetic material is associated with certain problems. Solution some of them discussed in this report. The report briefly describes features of the proposed combination (hybrid) eddy current sensor (ECS), specially designed for use at low frequencies, considers replacement scheme "eddy current sensor – research object" (ECS,RO) with approximate estimation of its parameters, gives the vector diagram to explain the principles of diagnosis and considers some approaches to reduce the influence of flicker,noise on the measurement result. Besides the general structure of high accuracy low,frequency channel of thickness meter for corrosion diagnostics computerized system is proposed, the expressions for the error estimates in this channel are given. 1. Entry


Kanji (sour rice gruel) is an acidic fermented preparation mentioned in many of the Ayurveda classics for various purpose like therapeutic use, pharmaceutical processes etc. A special method of kanji preparation is mentioned in Rasaratnasamuchchaya commentary by Acharya Dattatreya Anant Kulkarni and similar preparation is also mentioned in Rasayansara book recommended for the Parada samskara (mercurial processes) with some difference in ingredients. Kshara (alkaline preparation/ alkali) is an important preparation mentioned in classics. In Rasayansara text, Acharya Shyamsundar Vaishyaji has described a unique method of Kshara nirmana out of the leftover material of the Kanji. This kind of innovative methods should be adopted to recycle the leftover waste matters. It will help in regenerate the new pharmaceutical product. Here an attempt has been done by preparing the kanji and the kshara out of its residue material as mentioned in Rasayansara. First Kanji was prepared as per the reference of Rasayansara book and the leftover after filtration was dried. The kshara was prepared out of this dried leftover. Organoleptic and physicochemical analysis of the prepared kshara was done. The average yield of obtained kshara was 4.88%. The moisture content of the final product found very less while total ash value found on higher side. The pH value suggests its alkaline nature. It shows good solubility in various solvents and good water-soluble extractive value. Exploration of such innovative procedures where waste stuff is been recycled should be increased in present time.


The success of artificial intelligence (and particularly data-driven machine learning) in classifying and making predictions from large bodies of data has led to an expectation that autonomous AI systems can be deployed in cybersecurity applications. In this position paper we outline some of the problems facing machine learning in cybersecurity and argue for a collaborative approach where humans contribute insight and understanding, whilst machines are used to gather, filter and process data into a convenient and understandable form. In turn this requires a convenient representation for exchanging information between machine and human, and we argue that graded concepts are suitable, allowing summarisation at multiple levels of discernibility (granularity). We conclude with some suggestions for developing a hierarchical and graded representation.


Investigations has been made concerning the development of the effect of shell structure on neutron induced cross section, evaluations for Actinides elements in the energy range of 0-30 MeV. The EXIFON code, which is based on the analytical model for statistical multistep direct and multistep compound reactions, was used for the calculation of the cross section for (n-2n), (n-p) and (n-α) reaction channels. Results are compared with data from the experimental database, EXFOR from the IAEA nuclear data bank to deduce the shell effect. An empirical relation for the reaction cross section has been established for magic numbers nucleus in the (n-2n) reaction channel in the energy range. Results shows that the odd-even effect has also been observed as the cross section for odd-even nuclei are higher than their neighbouring even-even nuclei and with comparison in term of Shell correction, the cross section is higher when the Shell correction is not considered.


Research in a mental hospital suggests that low inmate pride, the avoidance of identification with inmate status, underlies dimensions of collective behavior and customary social relations among mental patients. It is found that personnel turnover is depriving, retards succession of informal leaders, prevents organized collective behavior and aggression against staff members, decreases rates of inmate interaction, increases assertions of friendship with non-inmates and alienation from inmates, and hampers the growth of an inmate code. Mental hospitals are compared with prisons. Differential inmate pride is used to explain the differential forms of collective behavior and custom found in the two total institutions.


Since the reform and opening-up, China's socialist economy has made comprehensive progress, its economic strength has risen sharply, science and technology have developed rapidly, mobile Internet technology and various Internet platforms have become increasingly popular, and it has become a necessity for people's daily lives. In this context, China's traditional learning model should also be changed accordingly to adapt to the changing situation of Internet mobile terminals, and further stimulate the enthusiasm of students in China to improve their learning ability and learning efficiency. Based on WeChat, a social and media giant, this paper focuses on the mobile learning model of college English in the new era, and explains its advantages to promote the improvement of English autonomous learning ability of college students in China.


(57) Abstract: [Purpose] without the need for multiple motor unit, and the arms of the mechanism is simple, thus achieving excellent rope type articulated Manipi Yu aerator economical and functional. [Configuration] with successively pivoted a lower end of one of the top and the other arm of each adjacent arm, the joint member having one end and the other end is secured to the upper end of one arm above is loosely fitted to the lower end of the other arm the horizontal axis 15 of the idler 7 and 12, which are respectively loosely fitted to a horizontal axis 5, 10 of the uppermost end of the joint member Winding with a fixed pulley 17 secured to the lower end of the uppermost arm, the drive pulley 2 after the upper end has the lower end fixed to the respective fixed pulleys 17 are Roll the cell culture subjected to the respective same directions in sequence to the lower idler 12,7 is equipped with first wire 21 to be wound, and a second wire 21 which the lower end is wound sequentially driven pulley 2 wound after being Roll the cell culture subjected to a direction opposite to the first wire 21 respectively to the lower idler 12,7 about.


Frontline demonstrations were conducted in ten villeges of three blocks in Surguja District for four consecutive kharif season during 2006-07 to 2009-10 on upland crop Niger, Variety, JNC-6. The average yield were obtained from improved practive 4.30, 3.95, 3.10, 3.82 Qtl./ha. and from farmers practice were 1.80, 2.18, 1.65, and 1.62 QtI./ha. respectively, which was on an average 52.21 % lower than improved practice.


Bayesianism has the following two principles. (B1) Any rational belief state can be represented by a probability function. (B2) Any rational belief change can be represented by conditionalisation. Besides (B1) and (B2), Bayesian confirmation theory has the following principle. (B3) Evidence E confirms a theory T •Ì the probability of T under the condition E is greater than the probability of T. Glymour argues about what he believes is a counterexample to (B3). When we represent by P the belief state of Einstein at a certain time in November 1915 and consider E to be old evidence for the general theory of relativity (GTR), we obtain P(E)=1. Then we obtain (1) P(GTR|E)=P(GTR). On the other hand, according to (B3), we obtain (2) P(GTR|E)>P(GTR). (2) contradicts (1). This is called the old evidence problem. Howson handles it as follows. The belief state of each agent at each time is relativised to the stock of background information which he has at the time. The reason why the old evidence problem arises is that we relativise the belief state of Einstein to the unsuitable stock of background information. Let K be the stock of background information which Einstein had at that time and let P be the probability function which represents the belief state relativised to the stock. When we choose this P in applying (B3), the old evidence problem arises. Let K•_{(E)} be the result of deleting from K every thing in K dependent on E and let P•L be the probability function which represents the belief state relativised to K•_{(E)}. Because P•L(E)•'1, the old evidence prob lem does not arise. But as Chihara criticises, it is not clear what K•_{(E)} and P•L are like. I handle Chihara's criticism in terms of a probabilistic version of AGM theory. AGM theory can describe such types of belief changes as expansion, contraction and revision. I handle the old evidence problem by means of retaining (B1) and (B3) and relaxing (B2) so as to admit the type of belief change which can be represented by the change from P to P•L, that is, contraction. Following this line of thought, I show that we can consider P•L to be the contraction of P with respect to E. Relying mainly on the writings of Gardenfors and Spohn, I show that we can construct a probabilistic contraction function which generates the contraction of P with respect to E.


It is more difficult and sophisticated to analyze the humanoid kinematics than the common industrial serial manipulator's because its DOF is high and it has not a fixed base.Taking the advantages of the characteristics in the configuration of leg's joints,based on the screw theory,according to the trajectories of the center of mass and the feet,a method is proposed to solve the kinematics of humanoid's legs using Paden-Kahan subproblems approach.The solving process implies that the mathematical modeling is of simpleness and briefness,while it is of convenience to solve the inverse kinematics.


The transformation intermediates of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including the oxygenated PAHs in photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) processes has seldom been reported. In this study, anthracene (Ant), a typical PAH, was selected as the target compound. The main transformation intermediates including anthranone (AT) and anthraquinone (AQ) were analyzed in a PEC process using TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) as a photoanode with simulated solar light irradiation and a bias potential. AT and AQ were demonstrated to be formed from Ant in the PEC process. However, the elimination of AT and AQ was hardly observed when Ant was mostly eliminated. The PEC process efficiently enhanced the elimination of Ant, as well as the total molar concentration of Ant, AT and AQ, compared with the photocatalysis and electrochemical oxidation process. The PEC process achieved a best elimination efficiency at 1.0 V bias and pH 2.0. The elimination efficiency decreased with the increase of the Ant initial concentration. The effect of humic acid was explored. It was concluded that the ˙O2− radical was more effective than ˙OH for the transformation of Ant to AT and AQ. Furthermore, compared with the UV light photocatalysis (PC), the PEC process could save much energy in the aspect of Ant elimination.


We obtain upper bounds on the number of irreducible and extended irreducible Goppa codes over $GF(p)$ of length $q$ and $q+1$, respectively defined by polynomials of degree $r$, where $q=p^t$ and $r\geq 3$ is a positive integer.


We use intraday data to compute weekly realized moments for equity returns and study their time-series and cross-sectional properties. Buying stocks in the lowest realized skewness decile and selling stocks in the highest realized skewness decile generates an average return of 19 basis points the following week with a t-statistic of 3.70. This result is robust across a wide variety of implementations and is not captured by the Fama-French and Carhart factors. The relation between realized kurtosis and next week׳s stock returns is positive but not always significant. We do not find a strong relation between realized volatility and next week׳s stock returns.


Protein synthesis and degradation in a cell is very important for the cell's functionalities and its chances to survive. Because a higher amount of a certain protein results in more activity, regulation by outer factors such as receptor binding or temperature and pH shifts are necessary to attain the most optimal equilibrium of protein concentrations. Knowledge about this protein regulation is essential for medicine development, because it helps to understand how the cell reacts on external influences. In this research project, a start towards this ultimate goal is introduced. Because the protein composition of a living cell is too complex to analyze directly by mass spectrometry, a method is being developed for the simplification of protein mixtures. This method, called 'Fluorous Solid Phase Extraction' (FSPE) is used to selectively sequester cysteine and azidohomoalanine (azhal) containing peptides from complex mixtures. By tagging these peptides selectively with a large fluorous molecule, the method can be used to separate them from non-fluorous peptides. For this reason, two different fluorous compounds were designed, being able to react selectively with either the thiol group of cysteine or the azide group of azhal and containing a cleavable group to remove the fluorous tag afterwards to enable further analysis. The synthetic route towards these fluorous molecules has been optimized in this project. Secondly, the report describes the successful labeling of two cysteine containing model peptides and the protein Bovine Serum Albumine, containing 35 cysteine residues. The labeling of the azhal containing model peptide pan016 was more difficult to perform, showing the formation of a side product in most of the reaction conditions used. A Photoactive Yellow Protein analogue with 6 azhal residues was also tested for labeling, but in this single experiment, no product formation was observed. Fluorous Solid Phase Extraction was carried out with two new practical methods: NuTip and TopTip FSPE. Although NuTip FSPE was in some cases successful for enriching the samples with fluorous labeled peptides, most of the results found with NuTip FSPE are discouraging, showing aspecific binding of non-fluorous peptides, low binding capacity and no reproducible results. This in contrast to the preliminary results on TopTip FSPE, showing high binding capacity, less aspecific binding and most importantly: reproducible experiments. Considering the facts mentioned above, a lot of research is needed before the FSPE method can be useful for peptide purification, or, ultimately, to study protein synthesis and degradation in the azhal labeled bacteria E. coli on a proteome wide scale.


To explore the relationship between community composition and physicochemical factors in an artificial lake,plankton communities from the lake for transgenic fish culture were studied by PCR-DGGE fingerprinting.The results as follows:(1) a total of 104 distinct OTUs were identified in the PCR-DGGE analysis,of which 58 were bacterial OTUs and 46 were eukaryotic OTUs,the polymorphism sites were 87.9% and 82.6% respectively;(2) the content of TP at station Ⅰ was the highest(0.10mg/L),while station Ⅲ consisted of the most TN(0.34mg/L) and station Ⅴ had the lowest transparency(63.00 cm);the discrepancy of other measured factors were not obvious in different stations.Cluster analysis based on bacterial OTUs and the principal component analysis of physicochemical factors showed that the similarity of Ⅵ and Ⅶ,Ⅳ andⅤ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were higher,station Ⅰ was a single cluster;cluster analysis based on eukaryotic OTUs revealed that the seven stations could be grouped into two clusters: the cluster one contained the station Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and another cluster consists of the other stations.In conclusion,the DNA fingerprinting of plankton community was closely related to the environmental physicochemical factors,and the data of such kind accumulated will play an important role in constructing a forecast system for water quality,and provide a basis to evaluate the ecological safety of transgenic fish.


The problem of periodical surveillance of multiple moving targets using multiple drones in a decentralized manner is addressed in this paper. The strategy proposes a traverse order generation scheme by which the sequence in which targets are tracked can be determined. To cover all the targets by visiting them sequentially, the predicted targets' future position is used in path planning. The proposed algorithm takes care of drones' assignment to targets and eventual hand-off to neighboring drones as targets move from one region to another. The proposed strategy is used for a crowd monitoring system, and it attempts to detect the anomalous activity of a crowd via target trajectories. Complete surveillance architecture is validated using simulation for tracking of multiple walking agents using multi drones.


Purpose
This paper aims to empirically test the influence of brand characteristics on brand addiction, as well as the consumers' behaviors caused by this construct.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper adopts a Web-based self-completion survey by achieving a total of 529 completed surveys. Then, structural equation modeling has been employed by using SPSS AMOS.

Findings
Results highlighted how the brand characteristics of self-expressiveness, innovativeness and authenticity have a positive influence on brand addiction; brand addiction leads consumers to feel emotions of irritability and to adopt obsessive and compulsive behaviors toward the brand.

Research limitations/implications
Even if the choice of using a survey's sample composed of students attending an Italian University ensures good internal validity of research (owing to the homogeneous character), the results are not generalizable (except for this population group).

Practical implications
The study identified two different spheres of brand addiction (one connected to the brand's characteristics and the other to the consumers' psychological-behavioral outcomes), along with possible strategies firms could adopt to strengthen the possibilities to transform their customers into addicted ones and to avoid/reduce the negative consequences deriving from brand addiction.

Originality/value
The paper provides a response to the call for more studies into the brand addiction analysis by empirically testing possible antecedents and outcomes, thus enriching the existing quantitative research focused on this concept.


In the study, quality of carcass (SEuROP), meat (musc.long.dorsi - MLd) and occurrence of the qualitative deviation in meat dark cutting beef (dCB) were compared with slaughter cows at the age to 4 years (3.03) and at the age over 4 years (6.59). Better meat contents in carcass (1.40) and larger MLd area (68.10 m 2 ) was noted in older cows (B). In fattiness of carcass there were no statisti cally significant differences between groups (A-1.88, B-1.93). Chemical analysis of MLD showed that older cows had less water (73.88 and 75.72 g.100 g -1 , resp.) but more proteins (20.57 and 19.98 g.100 g -1 , resp.) and intramuscular fat (4.50 and 3.30 g.100 g -1 , resp.) in the muscular substance. There were no statistically significant differences among age groups of cows in physico-techno logical parameters and sensorial evaluation of grilled meat. However, the trends suggest that there is darker meat and higher values of shear force in grilled meat of older cows. Occurrence of dCB deviation was balanced in both groups and it was about 6.50 %.


The progress in recent years on the speciation analysis of inorganic Chromium has been reviewed.The state of the art and the prospect of method are discussed by the way.


In this paper we expand on how to improve upon some problems that can occur with marking and optic al identification systems used in production chains. Optical code reading systems are often influenced by the quality of the code background and obstructions such as dust, dirt and ice that can cover the code. We discuss how to overcome the problems using novel luminescent materials that allow us to choose wavel engths of light where the vision system will operate. In rece nt years there have appeared novel pigment materials that can be t uned to specific excitation and emission spectra and can co nvert the energy from one level to other. This can be used to tune the vision system to the specific band and filter noise more effectively. In addition we discuss what region of usable wavelengths could be the most appealing to be used in order to enhance the performance of code reading application s.


A kind of human-machine interface of intelligent-controlled switch used to control low-voltage electric equipments in coal mines is introduced. It's hardware and software design is given. IR remote-controller is used in keyboard and LCD to realize human-machine interface function. A singlechip is used to decode IR remote-controller's remote control information. Keyboard with intelligent controlled switch's control function is designed in this way. This kind of human-machine interface has been debugged and run well in laboratory.


Summary form only given. A study was made of viscoelastic changes in the limb in the presence of the compartment syndrome, which can occur when muscle tissues swell following trauma. Measurements were made of the applied pressure-volume displacement curves with a 1.4-cm/sup 2/ indenter placed on the limb surface above the compartment. The noninvasively measured viscoelastic departure from purely elastic behavior at mid-pressure-cycle (60 mm Hg) dropped from 156 to 32 mm/sup 3/ as compartment pressure increased from 6 to 63 mm Hg. Measurements were also taken in a study of ten normal human subjects. The use of matched sites was found to provide compensation for differences in fat content and muscle tone among subjects. In continuing studies of patents with the compartment syndrome, matched differences in A2 have been observed to correlate well with differences in compartment pressure. The noninvasive test provides an easy-to-use approach for diagnosing the compartment syndrome and for evaluating the time course of pressure changes in the limb.<<ETX>>


This keynote address for the symposium session on efficient, safe, and acceptable truck designs and configurations addresses four topics: (a) operating performance, (b) environmental awareness, (c) improved safety, and (d) a North American free trade environment.


The absorption spectrum of ethane was measured by frequency-stabilized cavity ringdown spectroscopy over the wave number range 5950–5967 cm . Spectra are reported for both pure ethane acquired at pressures near 3 Pa and mixtures of ethane in air at pressures ranging from 666 Pa to 101.3 kPa. Absorption cross sections are reported with a spectrum sampling period of 109 MHz and frequency resolution of 200 kHz. Atmospheric pressure cross sections agree fairly well with existing cross sections determined by FTS in nitrogen, but there are significant variations in cross sections at lower pressures. Source identification of fugitive methane emissions using spectroscopic measurements of the atmospheric ethane-to-methane ratio is also discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.


Analysis of the detected Fe ion charge states from laser-assisted field evaporation of magnetite (Fe3O4) reveals unexpected trends as a function of laser pulse energy that break from conventional post-ionization theory for metals. For Fe ions evaporated from magnetite, the effects of post-ionization are partially offset by the increased prevalence of direct evaporation into higher charge states with increasing laser pulse energy. Therefore, the final charge state is related to both the field strength and the laser pulse energy, despite those variables themselves being intertwined when analyzing at a constant detection rate. Comparison of data collected at different base temperatures also shows that the increased prevalence of Fe2+ at higher laser energies is possibly not a direct thermal effect. Conversely, the ratio of 16O+:(16O2+ + 16O+) is well correlated with field strength and unaffected by laser pulse energy on its own, making it a better overall indicator of the field evaporation conditions. Plotti...


The intensive culture system of white shrimp with high stocking density leads to slow shrimp growth performance. An alternative way to increase the growth performance of white shrimp is using a prebiotic. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of honey as a prebiotic through commercial feed to improve the growth performance of white shrimp. The white shrimp were reared with comercial feed that have been enriched with honey. This study consisted of four treatments, which were: control (without prebiotic), and the giving of honey at dosages of (A) 0.2%; (B) 0.4%; (C) 0.6%, each treatment with three replications. The average weight of vaname shrimp used was 0.44±0.11 g, maintained with a density of 270 shrimp/m-3 with an aquarium size of (60×30×30 cm3). The results of this study indicate that honey with a dosage of 0.6% results in the best growth performance with a growth rate of 0.14±0.002 g/day, specific growth rate of 4.70±0.02%/day, and feed conversion ratio of 1.53±0.02.


Sputum induction has been used to study asthma in children since the first description of the technique in 1992 1. Since then, >20 reports (five reviews) have appeared in the literature describing sputum induction in children with airways disease. In general, sputum induction in children of >6 yrs is safe and has a satisfactory success rate.

Approximately 500 children have been studied by sputum induction. The diagnoses of the studied children include stable asthma (n=308), acute asthma (n=18) and healthy control subjects (n=185). Studies have included children aged 5–18 yrs, with a mean age of 11.2 yrs. Most studies have included children of >6 yrs. Studies of children with asthma have included subjects across the spectrum of severity.

The following issues regarding sputum induction in children are reviewed in the present article: 1) protocols used in children; 2) safety of induction; 3) management of airway obstruction during sputum induction; 4) sputum processing; 5) normal values in children; 6) findings in asthmatic children; 7) effect of treatment on induced sputum parameters; and 8) clinical applications.

A wide variety of sputum induction protocols have been reported successful in children (table 1⇓). There is great variation as to the brands of nebuliser used. All of the studies have used ultrasonic nebulisers, but these were either high or lowoutput devices. Hypertonic saline has been used either at 4.5% (in four studies) or by increasing concentrations from 3 to 4 and then …


The main goal of this dissertation is to present an interpretation of what it should mean for a society to fulfil the ideals of freedom and equality. I argue that society should equalise levels of individual freedom. I defend this thesis in three stages, which are associated to the three parts of the dissertation. Part (A) is devoted to the elaboration of a new conception of freedom. The objective is to rehabilitate the intuitive idea that associates individual freedom with the ability to do or be what one wants. In chapter 1, I engage with the analytical literature on freedom and develop a conception of freedom according to which individuals are free overall to the extent that they have the specific freedoms they authentically prefer, where a specific freedom is defined by the probability that the agent will realise a phenomenon. The extent of one's freedom is thus made to depend on how reality relates to what one authentically wants it to be. In chapter 2, I offer a method for the measurement of freedom so conceived. According to this method, a person's level of overall freedom is obtained by multiplying the physical extent of her actual specific freedoms by the evaluative extent to which these actual specific freedoms correspond to her authentically preferred ones. In part (B), I defend the claim that a strictly and continuously equal distribution of this individual freedom is the best embodiment of moral equality. Firstly, in chapter 3, I argue that freedom is a better egalitarian currency than welfare, resources, capabilities and pluralist alternatives because freedom's anti-perfectionism, anti-fetishism and flexibility make it an optimal tool for the pursuit of any life plan. Freedom supports equally moral persons regardless of the ends they require, the means they need or the relative value they assign to these means. Secondly, in chapter 4, I defend strict and continuous equality as a distributive criterion over time. I show that efficiency-based and responsibility-based arguments in favour of inequalities are incompatible with the equal respect owed to moral persons. As long as individuals qualify as moral persons, they are owed equal respect and hence equal amounts of overall freedom. Thirdly, I address the famous claim according to which freedom and equality are conflicting ideals. I argue that this claim either stems from mistaking a conceptual distinction between a currency and a distributive criterion as a conflict of ideals, or expresses deeper disagreement over the meaning of freedom or the role of aggregative considerations in moral distributions. In any case, the claim is seriously weakened if not entirely destroyed. Parts (A) and (B) form the ideal theory of Equal Freedom. In part (C), which is constituted by chapter 5, I try to show how this ideal theory can guide us in nonideal circumstances. Firstly, I suggest a model to understand the relation between ideal and nonideal theory. I argue that nonideal theory is best understood as involving the maximisation of the realisation of the ideal under feasibility constraints and moral constraints imposed by the very nature of the ideal. Secondly, I apply this model to Equal Freedom. The main result is a radically egalitarian balance between concerns for feasibility, relative and absolute levels of overall freedom. Thirdly, I discuss in more detail policy strategies and proposals to equalise freedom in nonideal circumstances. As an example, I assess the desirability and feasibility of a 'right to be heard', which is an enforceable right given to employees that provides them with a capacity to alter their workplace environment in accordance with their life plans. This evaluation concludes my defence of Equal Freedom as the core of a theory of social justice.


Organ's organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) model implies that aggregate citizenship behaviors improve organizational effectiveness. This study investigated relationships between OCBs and organizational effectiveness indicators in limited-menu restaurants. Citizenship behaviors were associated with lower food cost percentages, increased revenue to full-time equivalent, perceived company quality, operating efficiency, customer satisfaction, and fewer customer complaints. Developing a work environment that promotes OCB performance may enhance a manager's personal productivity and success as well as the organization's effectiveness.


The handbook provides a quick reference guide for reading ASPAM point analysis products. It provides format and definitions for paragraph outputs and examples of output data for each paragraph included in point analysis products.


The article states the experience from the visual angle of"standing in another's shoes"in serving the readers,and demonstrates the usefulness of the mode of service by the good result of practice.


A considerable amount of research effort has, and continues to be invested into technologies and algorithms for capabilities which are forecast to be needed in future uninhabited vehicles. Much of this research is conducted with the aim of increasing the


Non Performing Assets (NPAs) is one of the critical problems that have shaken the banking sector in India. There are many studies on internal and external factors affecting NPAs level, but this study attempts to specifically analyze impact of Key Financial Heads on NPA of Scheduled Commercial Banks of India to suggest banks on effective management of NPAs. For this Multiple Regression Modeling was used. Secondary data was taken from four representative banks for a period of 10 years starting from year 2002-03 to 2012-13. Among Key Financial Heads, Total Assets and Total Deposits had significant impact of NPA level. Further, Total Deposits was found to be contributing most to the NPA level. Banking sector is an indispensable financial service sector where threat of increase in NPAs affects the liquidity and profitability of banks. Thus this study made important implications to banks on effective management of NPAs.


Newly discovered specimens of Costitachys inusitatus Erwin provide characters of the male, heretofore unknown, and extend the range beyond the type locality into two biogeographic regions of South America, the "North Atlantic Coast" and "Lower Amazon• Mid-Atlantic Coast." Male characters provide little additional information useful in establishing relationships of this remarkably distinctive species, although they affirm its position among the higher Tachyina. Costitachys inusitatus Erwin was described in 1974 on the basis of a single female from Santarem, Para, Brazil. This beetle's distinctive form (see Erwin 1974, fig. 1), striking among Tachyina worldwide, warranted its description as both a new species and new genus. Since then, only two additional specimens, one male and one female, have been found among the unsorted carabid beetles of the California Academy of Sciences (CASC) and Museo Goeldi (MGBB). Unfortunately, neither of these specimens is accompanied by data that indicate anything about the habitat in which adults live, whether they are arboreal or terrestrial, markedly seasonal in occurrence or not, or anything else about their natural history. However, they do extend the known geographical range of this species, and the acquisition of the first known male provides the opportunity to describe its sexually unique attributes. The purpose of this paper is to present this new information. Methods and Material The two specimens reported here are labelled as follows "Trinidad, Cocos Bay, 11-1-1969, L. & C. W. O'Brien" [ a female in CASC], and "Brazil, Para, Santa Isabel, VI-6-1962, J. & B. Bechyne, [a male, in MGBB]. The male specimen was dissected as previously described (Erwin and Kavanaugh 1981) and the aedeagus and parameres were drawn using a camera lucida mounted on a Leitz compound microscope.


The sixty-ninth World Health Assembly (WHA) convened in Geneva this year covered a record number of agenda items (76 items in 6 days, from 23 to 28 May), and adopted several important resolutions addressing vital public health issues. The work of the World Health Organization (WHO) got a thorough review at the WHA, with the setting of new goals and the updating of existing priorities. Discussions at the WHA highlighted the issue of health emergencies – this theme was one of the first to be considered, in part as a response to many critics and the global media outcry due to the initially slow multilateral response to Zika virus, as well as the difficulties in containing the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. The recently initiated programme of the World Health Organization on health emergencies, which is seen as a direct result of this major problem, got substantial support from the delegates; the WHO was asked to lead and coordinate the response to health emergencies so as to ensure that the response to global health threats is much swifter and more robust. The programme was adopted as part of the wide-ranging reforms implemented within the organization after reviews by different independent committees discovered weaknesses in the agency's current processes.


Actually,AC power system is a closed loop auto-control syetem,in which the reference and feedback are the key parts of the AC power system.Two familiar references which are sine wave and volts DC that used in AC power system are introduced.At the same time,two familiar feedback circuits which are peak value feedback and average value feedback are discussed,then the difference between them are compared.The auto-control theory is used to analyze the influence for AC power system due to the inappropriately design for the reference and feedback.In the end,the solutions for eliminating the static error by applying RMS convert circuit are presented.


This paper proposes an approach to finger detection for a type of camera based interactive board. In this approach, finger finding is confined within a stripe that is the projection of the edge of the board on the image plane with respect to a camera instead of using global search. The region where a finger intersects with the stripe is first detected and segmented from the background. A region growing algorithm is then applied to the region to segment the whole finger. This approach can detect multi-targets and be implemented efficiently, processing 30 or more 640×120 images per second even in a cheap DSP.


With the development of automation and high-quality manufacturing techniques, on-line process monitoring system has become essential for enterprises to ensure product quality and reduce cost. This paper presents an on-line process monitoring system, which provides the users with different charting methods to monitor time-between-events data, and detect process shifts. Some advanced time-between-events control charts, such as cumulative quantity control (CQC) chart, CQC-r chart, exponential EWMA and exponential CUSUM chart are discussed. Comparisons of their performance are carried out based on average time to signal (ATS). The design of an on-line SPC system is described, followed by an application example. The approaches presented in this paper complement other on-line systems and can be integrated into existing systems easily.


In this paper, a method for measuring gas absorption coefficient, which is simple
and easy to operate, is reported. The absorption coefficient of C_3H_6 is measured by the
optoacoustic method for the first time. New results in the measurement of NH_3 absorp-
tion coefficient are discussed.


The phenomenon of domestic violence, quite common in the countries of Eastern Europe, including Romania, can be perceived as a consequence of shortcomings in the education of person, or a faulty education. The aims of current study is to present and analyze the legal instruments designed in the area of civil law due to combat and prevent domestic violence, with a special regard to the protective order governed by the law No. 217/ 2003, as amended and republished. Legal provisions are analyzed with regarded to the person who may apply for order of protection, the conditions for the admissibility of the petition for the issuance of the protective order, the measures which may be imposed by an protection order, the duration of these measures, the conditions for revocation of the protective order etc. The study reveals the practical application of analyzed legal provisions, by referring to the decisions given by Romania courts in cases involving the "protective order". Finally are exposed the advantages and shortcomings of normative framework already existing, as well as the effectiveness of the legal provisions in practice.


Preliminary high-level waste canister size criteria are presented which will be used in the conceptual design studies (currently in progress) for the initial phase geological repositories. Two such repositories, located in deep salt formations, are planned by the Office of Waste Isolation for fiscal year 1985 operations. The preliminary canister size criteria define the high-level waste canister as being cylindrical in shape with a convex bottom. The canister diameter lies in the range 6.625-in. O.D. to 24-in. O.D. The maximum active length will be 16 ft with an additional 1-ft. in length allowed for a lifting attachment and the maximum allowable weight will be 12,000 pounds. Presently known constraints on canister size and weight are identified and discussed. Additional work required to further define waste canister acceptance criteria are identified.