In our recent work we observed that the microstructure of the osteocyte lacunar-canalicular system is quite extensive, raising the possibility that the interstitial fluid porosity might have been previously underestimated. In this study we employed an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model to determine the effect of osteoporosis on interstitial fluid porosity. Bone sections were visualized using confocal and electron microscopy. Even though no statistical difference was found between the OVX and normal bone porosities, the total cortical porosity measured (~ 20%) was greater than values previously reported (~ 9%), the difference due to the complexity of the lacunar-canalicular network. Moreover, the analysis of tibial sections using electron microscopy revealed a pattern of higher mineralization in areas of low lacunar-canalicular porosity. More extensive studies involving the quantification of porosity in different cortical bone locations and especially of cancellous bone porosity are necessary to further investigate the effect of osteoporosis on bone's interstitial fluid pathway.


Corresponding author: Prof. Doina Anca Pleşca, MD, PhD, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infections in childhood. It is considered the main cause of prescribing antibiotics in pediatrics. Physicians tend to overdiagnose this disease leading to an unnecessary antibiotics prescription which exposes the child to an unwanted side effects, mainly diarrhea. Diagnosis is routinely based on symptoms and otoscopy findings. A diagnosis of AOM should be considered in any young child who presents with irritability, lethargy, otorrhoea and fever with or without localized ear pain. Distinguishing between AOM and otitis media with effusion (OME) is important. OME is more common than AOM. Primary treatment is aimed at reducing pain. Symptoms in isolated, unilateral AOM usually resolves after 2 days without antibiotic treatment. Always consider the possibility of sepsis in an ill child with fever.


In order to discuss the relationship between linear density of yarn and weft insertion flight state on Dornier air-jet loom and provide technological base to optimize the process of weft insertion,this paper used a Dornier AWV8/S air-jet loom as the experimental platform and the actual state of weft flight across the shed was taken using a high-speed camera system.Then the professional image analysis software-Image Pro-Plus 6.20 was used to analyze the images of the weft insertion flight state and average speed,acceleration and vertical fluctuation distance of wefts with different linear densities were obtained.The results show that the speed and acceleration of the yarns with the same material increase with the decreasing of yarn linear density under the same weft insertion condition.And less the linear density of yarn,more stable the flight state of the yarn.Besides,when 10 tex cotton yarns were used for weaving,the weft possessed high flight speed and small fluctuations.So this air-jet loom has good weft motion state in such situation.


In the phylogeny of LA, Structuralism and Minimalism have a great sense of innovation. The common characteristics and different can be known through comparing the consciousness and method in works of Dan Kiley and Peter Walker who are the pioneer of their own style.


A 10 year old girl with a rheumatoid arthritis was treated with ACTH. At first a marked clinical improvement was seen as well as a decrease of the sedimentation rate to the normal. The treatment was continued with very small doses (2 mg daily) for a month. The sedimentation rate soon rose to the initial value, but a clinical relapse was not seen before the end of this period. A new treatment with high doses (but with another batch of ACTH) had only poor effect, and there was no decrease of the sedimentation rate.


This paper presents the design and results of a statistical and visual analysis of a dynamic signed network. In addition to prevalent approaches to longitudinal networks, which analyze series of cross-sectional data, this paper focuses on network data measured in continuous time in order to explain the signs of lines rather than their occurrence. As a consequence, current stochastic actor-oriented models for network change cannot be applied. Instead, multilevel logistic regression analysis is used for uncovering the main statistical regularities of network evolution. Visualization by means of animated Scalable Vector Graphics with several options for interaction allows for in-depth inspection of network evolution and offers detailed information on the people involved in the network. The substantive focus of the paper is on the evaluations and complex labeling process among literary authors and critics illustrating the interplay between identity (literary style) and structure. It is hypothesized that actors do not just evaluate their immediate ego-network; they also try to survey and interpret the overall structure of the network and derive part of their identity from it. The latter, however, is a collective process involving communication, e.g., publicly labeling groups of actors in the network and adapting behavior to labels that have previously been assigned to actors. Including perceptions of overall network structure and classifications in dynamic network models would extend current actor-oriented models.


The interplay of synchronization and topological band structures with symmetry protected midgap states under the influence of driving and dissipation is largely unexplored. Here we consider a trimer chain of electron shuttles, each consisting of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a quantum dot positioned between two electronic leads. Each shuttle is subject to thermal dissipation and undergoes a bifurcation towards self-oscillation with a stable limit cycle if driven by a bias voltage between the leads. By mechanically coupling the oscillators together, we observe synchronized motion at the ends of the chain, which can be explained using a linear stability analysis. Due to the inversion symmetry of the trimer chain, these synchronized states are topologically protected against local disorder. Furthermore, with current experimental feasibility, the synchronized motion can be observed by measuring the dot occupation of each shuttle. Our results open a new avenue to enhance the robustness of synchronized motion by exploiting topology.


Aspects of ion transport in rat submandibular gland acinar cells at the subcellular level, and the regulation of chloride secretion and calcium mobilization in cultured pig tracheal gland acinar ce ...


Although when is demonstrated the effectiveness of the modelling of Petri nets as a formal method of design automation with PLCs, with a strong interest in both teaching professionals such as engineering, their use in industrial solutions is not widespread, mainly given fact by the complexity of application that sometimes involves, as well as the limitations that still exist in the correspondence model-code program PLC. This paper discusses the use of a formal design methodology, which uses the extended hierarchical network GHENeSys IEC-1131 Compatible, to particular case of automation with PLCs of Discrete Event Systems. This has among its purposes to contribute to the solution of the above limitations.


Background—We previously reported beneficial effects of pentoxifylline, a xanthine-derived agent known to inhibit the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy treated with diuretics, digoxin, and ACE inhibitors. Since then, 3 large clinical trials showed important clinical benefits of β-blockers in this population. Therefore, we designed the present study to establish whether in patients with heart failure already receiving treatment with ACE inhibitors and β-blockers, the addition of pentoxifylline would have an additive beneficial effect. Methods and Results—In a single-center, prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 39 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were randomized to pentoxifylline 400 mg TID (n=20) or placebo (n=19) if they had a left ventricular ejection fraction <40% after 3 months of therapy with digoxin, ACE inhibitors, and carvedilol. Primary end points were New York Heart Association functional class, exe...


Ion- and electron-temperature fluctuations in a resistive plasma are analyzed in the two-fluid slab approximation, allowing for the self-consistently stationary system parameters. In the weakly collisional region, ion-temperature fluctuations which propagate in the direction of electron diamagnetic drifts can be excited, whereas electron-temperature fluctuations are considerably smaller in comparison with ion-temperature fluctuations and are out of phase with them. The modes are more stable when the electron drift (which produces magnetic shear, satisfying Ampere's law) flows in the opposite direction to the mode propagations. The negative electron-temperature gradient is found to be stabilizing, while the ion-temperature gradient is irrelevant to this stability. The density response exhibits Boltzmann-like behavior. In the strongly collisional region, both ionan propagate in the ion diamagnetic drift direction. The negative ion-temperature gradient is destabilizing, whereas the negative electron-temperature gradient is stabilizing. The density response exhibits non-Boltzmann-like behavior.


The well-known discussion on an engine consisting of a ratchet and a pawl in R.9] is shown to contain some misguided aspects: since the engine is simultaneously in contact with reservoirs at diierent temperatures , it can never work in a reversible way. As a consequence, the engine can never achieve the eeciency of a Carnot cycle, not even in the limit of zero power (innnitely slow motion), in contradiction with the conclusion reached in the Lectures.


Meteor-radar observation of neutral winds in the lower thermosphere near Sheffield (52.5°N, 2.0°W) have been used to investigate the short-term variability of the amplitude of the semidiurnal tide. Considerable variability is found on time scales of about 2-15 days, similar to the periods associated with planetary waves. Modulation of the tidal amplitudes with a period near two days is demonstrated for two episodes in 1992. In both of these cases there is coincident planetary-wave activity of similar period suggesting a non-linear wave-wave interaction is responsible.


Abstract— LaPaz Icefield (LAP) 02205, 02226, and 02224 are paired stones of a crystalline basaltic lunar meteorite with a low‐Ti (3.21–3.43% TiO2) low‐Al (9.93–10.45% Al2O3), and low‐K (0.11–0.12% K2O) composition. They consist mainly of zoned pyroxene and plagioclase grains, with minor ilmenite, spinel, and mesostasis regions. Large, possibly xenocrystic, forsteritic olivine grains (<3% by mode) contain small trapped multiphase melt inclusions. Accessory mineral and mesostasis composition shows that the samples have experienced residual melt crystallization with silica oversaturation and late‐stage liquid immiscibility. Our section of LAP 02224 has a vesicular fusion crust, implying that it was at one time located sufficiently close to the lunar surface environment to have accumulated solar‐wind‐implanted gases.


We study the hadronic coupling constants in the two-body strong decays of the fully-charm tetraquark states with the $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, $1^{+-}$ and $2^{++}$ via the QCD sum rules based on rigorous quark-hadron duality. Then we obtain the hadronic coupling constants and partial decay widths therefore total decay widths, which support assigning the $X(6552)$ as the first radial excitation of the scalar tetraquark state. And other predictions can be used to diagnose exotic states in the future.


In this paper, we report on a case study conducted with the MASTRO-I system at SELEX Sistemi Integrati, a world's leading company in the provision of integrated defence and air traffic systems. MASTRO-I is a tool for ontology-based data integration that combines advanced services for reasoning over ontologies with the capabilities provided by relational data federation tools, used for wrapping physical data sources. In our case study, we focused on the Configuration and Data Management (C&DM) domain, where data concerning the design and the production of components of complex systems are combined with data pertaining customer support and obsolescence monitoring services. At the current stage, C&DM data in SELEX-SI are fragmented over various and autonomous sources, managed by different systems under heterogeneous data models, and data integration is conducted manually by domain experts. To simplify and automatize this process, we developed an ontology for the C&DM domain and customized the MASTRO-I system to integrate C&DM data through such ontology. The effectiveness of the ontology representation, combined with the efficiency of the integration features of MASTRO-I, compared with the current manual integration process, evidenced the benefits achieved by SELEX-SI from this solution.


Using orthogonal experiment method, the semi-solid slurry of LY12 wrought aluminum alloy was prepared by the cooling-slope-tube process. The effects of main processing parameters on the semi-solid microstructures were studied and the best process parameters were obtained. The results show that inclined angle, pouring temperature, pouring length, and crucible preheating temperature have great influence on the microstructure. For the present process, the suggested parameters are pouring temperature 660 ℃, pouring length 500 mm, inclined angle 60° and crucible preheating temperature 500 ℃.


A 3-yr study was conducted to compare the performance of several herbicides applied alone and in mixtures under three flooding conditions in dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L. 'Labelle'). When the soil remained moist during the 2-week unflooded periods (1979 and 1981), weed emergence was slowed and no advantage with respect to enhanced weed control and increased rice yields could be demonstrated over that of the standard sequential propanil (3′,4′-dichloropropionanilide) application. However, in 1980 when drought stress may have reduced initial postemergence activity and weeds emerged during the 14-day unflooded periods, differences in weed control between herbicides were obtained. Results of this study also indicate that yield losses from weed competition resulted primarily from early season competition, and that the principal advantage of the residual herbicides in dry-seeded rice may be to eliminate the need for retreatment with propanil when flooding is delayed or fields are drained.


e13547Background: Improved scalability and affordability of next generation sequencing (NGS) has pivoted cancer care toward genomics-driven treatment decisions. Particularly in advanced-stage or re...


CONTEXT
Fluid restriction (FR) is the recommended first-line treatment for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), despite the lack of prospective data to support its efficacy.

DESIGN
A prospective non-blinded randomised controlled trial of FR versus no treatment in chronic SIAD.

INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOME
46 patients with chronic asymptomatic SIAD were randomised to either FR (1 liter/day) or no specific hyponatremia treatment (NoTx) for one month. The primary endpoints were change in plasma sodium concentration (pNa) at days 4 and 30.

RESULTS
Median baseline pNa was similar in the two groups [127 mmol/L (IQR 126-129) FR and 128 mmol/L (IQR 126-129) NoTx, p=0.36]. pNa rose by 3 mmol/L (IQR 2-4) after three days FR, compared with 1 mmol/L (IQR 0-3) NoTx, p=0.005. There was minimal additional rise in pNa by day 30; median pNa increased from baseline by 4 mmol/L (IQR 2-6) in FR, compared with 1 mmol/L (IQR 0-1) NoTx, p=0.04. 17% of FR had a rise in pNa of ≥5 mmol/L after three days, compared with 4% NoTx, RR 4.0 (95% CI 0.66-25.69), p=0.35. 61% of FR corrected pNa to ≥130 mmol/L after three days, compared with 39% of NoTx, RR 1.56 (95% CI 0.87-2.94), p=0.24.

CONCLUSION
FR induces a modest early rise in pNa in patients with chronic SIAD, with minimal additional rise thereafter, and is well-tolerated. More than one third of patients fail to reach a pNa ≥130 mmol/L after three days of FR, emphasising the clinical need for additional therapies for SIAD, in some patients.


Although the formation of any Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System (VCMS), as a flexible layout, does not have any restriction regarding the current arrangement of machines, its performance is affected by different layout In this paper, Capability Based form of Virtual Cellular Manufacturing Systems (CBVCMSs) are generated through considering machines as the main constraining resource by a new multiobjective mathematical model and their effectiveness is evaluated over functional and distributed layouts. To find an optimum or near-to-optimum solution without any size-limitation of the problem, a multi-objective Tabu Search (TS) algorithm is proposed. The validity of the model and performance analyses of CBVCMSs over basic layouts is tested through benchmarking a numerical example. At the end, the efficacy of distributed layout for generating CBVCMS is illustrated because of its flexibility, minimizing the objective function of the developed mathematical model, less traveled distance by components of family groups, and acceptable capacity utilization. Moreover, the results illustrate the priority of CBVCMS in comparison to the original classical Cellular Manufacturing Systems (CMSs) from the capacity utilization point of view.


The natural filtrations of hamiltonian superalgebras of formal vector fields are proved to be invariant under their automorphism group, by determining the set of ad-quasi-nilpotent elements. Thereby, the automorphism group of these Lie superalgebras are determined.


A concept of a modular system architecture for plant phenotyping with an autonomous robot has been developed and realized. The system takes into account the inclusion of several sensors - placed at different positions - with a broad range of data volume and data rates. The database confirms the online data storage of sensor data including position and times steps with RTK-DGPS accuracy, thereby allowing single plant analysis. Moreover the configuration of the gateways and sensors and the error handling are other tasks of the database. The human-machine interface allows a flexible setting of parameters and the inclusion of additional sensors. The data of the spectral and morphological sensor and positioning information can be accessed by standard software tools for plant phenotyping analysis. Moreover, as part of the architecture for an autonomous field robot the system has a high potential for further applications in this field.


Objective:To summarize the clinical experience of living relative donor Kidney transplantation.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 10 cases of kidney transplantation with living relative donor from Feb.2002 through Jan.2004 was carried out.Results:No serious complication occurred in 10 donors after operation. They were discharged at 7~10 days postoperatively. The transplantation operations were performed uneventfully in all the 10 recipients. Long-term follow-up revealed that 9 recipients recovered well and acute rejection occurred in 1 recipient postoperatively. The survival rate for patient/kidney was 100%.Conclusions:Living relative donor renal transplantation is safe and practable. Living relative kidney donation is a better source of donor kidneys.


This paper focuses on the benefits of constellations for maritime monitoring applications. The Strait of Malacca has been selected as an example area, as in the past, it has been subject to pirate attacks on merchant ships. SAR Missions are already contributing to maritime surveillance worldwide, and the constellation approach offers the opportunity for more frequent observations. With the TerraSAR-X / PAZ constellation significant improvements concerning revisit time, capacity and coverage of area can be achieved. The paper also introduces the new TerraSAR-X Wide ScanSAR mode in terms of ship detection capabilities.


Purpose: Accumulating evidence has shown that allergic diseases are caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) existing in high-affinity IgE receptor β chain (FcεRIβ) are potential risk factors for allergic diseases. However, the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive due to the limited statistical power in individual study. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the association between FcεRIβ SNPs and allergic diseases risk. Methods: Eligible studies were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases. Pooled odd ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the relationships between five polymorphisms (E237G, -109 C/T, RsaI_in2, RsaI_ex7, and I181L) and the risk of allergic diseases by using five genetic models. In addition, the stability of our analysis was evaluated by publication bias, sensitivity, and heterogeneity analysis. Results: Overall, a total of 29 case–control studies were included in this meta-analysis. We found that E237G (B vs. A: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06–1.53, P<0.001, I2 = 63.1%) and -109 C/T (BB vs. AA + AB: OR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.26–1.98, P<0.001, I2 = 66.4%) were risk factors for allergic diseases. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that polymorphisms in FcεRIβ may be associated with the development of allergic diseases.


The University of Wisconsin-Madison Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) made high altitude observations coincident with the NASA Aqua satellite during two validation campaigns ADRIEX and EAQUATE in Italy and the United Kingdom during September 2004.


Introduction: in some Districts of the Sverdlovsk and Perm Oblasts, the words nyur, nyurka, nyurovka, nyrka and some others similar words with the meaning 'small pike' (sometimes 'small fish') are fixed. The etymological solutions earlier proposed for this lexical nest do not sufficiently take into account the form, semantics and areal of the Russian dialect words. In the article, version about the Mansi origin of the analyzed lexemes is suggested. Objective: to identify the origin of the Russian dialect words nyurka, nyur and others words with the meaning 'small pike' (sometimes 'small fish'). Research materials: published monographs, articles and dictionaries, as well as unpublished manuscript monuments of the Mansi writing system of the late XVIII century. Results and novelty of the research: for the first time, a consistent version of the origin of the Russian dialect words nyurka, nyur and others words with the meaning 'small pike' (sometimes 'small fish') from the Mansi language is proposed. It is identified that some Russian lexemes can reflect the phonetics of the substrate Mansi dialects of the Western Urals. The results of the study introduce into scientific circulation the new data about the substrate Mansi dialects that existed in the Middle Urals, and about the vocalism of the first syllable in the Mansi dialects.


The field of informatics is the domain that emerged by applying the mathematical logic on electronic devices called computers in order to simplify many tasks for humans. The application of informatics in all economic and scientific areas is the most important factor that made our civilization reach our current phase of development. Nowadays, the experts and even the beginners of informatics are eager to use quantum computers. However, there is still an unsolved problem of classical theoretical informatics in ordinary electronic computers. It is the famous philosophical problem of the "Millenium Prize" of the Clay Mathematics Institute concerning the complexity of problems that has been treated by many other researchers but without acceptable sufficient answers. A solution to this problem can make all the fields based on informatics make huge progress. And thus, thanks to my short studies about informatics, I present to you this mathematical proof that deals with the sets of P problems, NP-Complete problems and NP-Hard problems in the field of classical electronic computers in order to prove new formulas about the cardinals of each group of complexity problems and about the intersections of each one of these sets. The aim is to contribute to an acceptable solution for this Millenium Problem and the methodology is purely logical and mathematical. The readers won't need any complicated notions from the background of previous informatics or mathematics research in order to understand the demonstrations of this article since the proof is based only on notions of sets by starting with easy logical considerations. Furthermore, you will find in this work a proof of an interesting theorem about the complexity of problems that allows us to identify NP-problems even if their algorithms have infinite time of execution. This paper ends by proving that the set of NP-Problems is definitely bigger than the set of PProblems. Hence, all the readers are invited to understand and develop this work by inspecting the applied logical considerations in order to succeed in finding a sufficient solution to the interesting Millenium Problem of complexity.


The synthesis and physical properties of the double perovskite (DP) compound Ba2CdReO6 with the 5d 1 electronic configuration are reported. Three successive phases originating from a spin–orbit-entangled J eff = 3/2 state, confirmed by a reduced effective magnetic moment of 0.72 μ B, were observed upon cooling. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed a structural transition from a high-temperature cubic structure to a low-temperature tetragonal structure at T s = 170 K, below which the J eff = 3/2 state was preserved. Magnetization, heat capacity, and thermal expansion measurements showed two more electronic transitions to a possible quadrupole ordered state at T q = 25 K and an antiferromagnetic order of dipoles with a ferromagnetic moment of ∼0.2 μ B at T m = 12 K. These properties were compared with those of the DP's sister compounds Ba2 BReO6 (B = Mg, Zn, and Ca) and the chemical trend is discussed in terms of the mean-field theory for spin–orbit-coupled 5d electrons (2010 Chen et al Phys. Rev. B 82 174440). The DP Ba2 BReO6 compounds provide a unique opportunity for a systematic investigation of symmetry breaking in the presence of multipolar degrees of freedom.


This article tries to answer how the leaders of the industrial sector interpret the terms related to technology and its relations with society. As a methodology, it was used the application of the instrument adapted from Verazsto (2009) for managers of an industry in the civil construction sector of the state of Paraná. The questionnaire had its reliability validated through the analysis of Cronbach's Alpha, applied in IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software. From the questionnaires answered, analyzes of the responses collected in the sample were carried out, where one can observe the influence that society and technological development have among themselves and how significant the participation of society in scientific decisions.


Although the previously reported (1,2) chemical reduction of 2,3-dihydro-3-(6-nitroveratry-lidene)-4H-benzopyran-4-one with stannous chloride occurred with cyclization to the 6H-[1]-benzopyrano [4,3-b]quinoline ring system, the present study of the catalytic (palladium/carbon) reduction of 2,3-dihydro-6-methoxy-3-(6-nitroveratrylidene)-4H-benzopyran-4-one (1) (3) has indicated that other products in addition to the expected benzopyranoquinoline (3) may be isolated, depending upon the conditions of the reduction. The products of the reduction of 1, isolated and structurally determined, include 2,9,10-trimethoxy-6H-[1]benzopyrano-[4,3-b]quinoline(3),2,9,10-trimethoxy-6a,7,12,12a-tetrahydro-6H-[1]benzopyrano[4,3-b]-quinoline (2), the N-oxide of 3 (6), and 6-hydroxy-2,9,10-trimethoxy-6H-[l]benzopyrano-[4,3-b Jquinoline (8).


The objective of the research was to study the possible competition between roots of apple-trees and grass under the influence of applied moisture regulation methods. No analogical research has been performed in Latvia so far. The investigation was done on the base of an existing trial planted in 1997 with cultivar `Melba` at 1.5 × 4 m planting distances. Three different treatments of soil moisture management were compared: control, sawdust mulch and fertigation. Inter-row strips were covered by grass vegetation (Lolium perenne and Poa pratensis, in proportion 1:3). The horizontal and vertical spacing of the main root mass was determined, as well as the distance and depth of the spread of grass roots from the inter- row strip into the tree strip. The results of the research show that mulching and fertigation have significant influence on the horizontal and vertical root spacing of grass grown in the inter-row strip, which can be an evidence of competition between apple-trees and grass for water and nutrients.


Serious coking and ash depositions,that occurred in the high temperature superheater zone of a certain 220 t/h high pressure boiler,are being analyzed,showing that the main causes are: low melting point of the coal ash,too low a feed water temperature as well as soot-blower service defaults.After having adopted means of prevention,remarkable effects have been obtained.


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Leaves and branches of Ocimum Basilicum were dried, reduced to coarse powder and extracted in aqueous metanol and aqueous hexane. This paper discusses the X‐ray diffraction and FT‐Raman spectra measured at room temperature. The data obtained have been used to propose a general assignment of the vibrational fundamentals on the base of frequencies assigned in other related single crystals. From the results we can conclude that the crystal has a high symmetry. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The 4 hot peppers from India 'Pant C-1', 'KAU Cluster' (Capsicum annuum L.), 'White Khandari', and 'Chuna' (C. frutescens L.) were evaluated along with 6 United States cultivars for their reaction to Pseudomonas solanacearum E.F. Smith (races 1 and 2), Phytophthora capsici Leonian, and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood. The Indian 'Pant C-1' was resistant to 4 Pseudomonas solanacearum isolates and moderately resistant to Phytophthora root rot and root-knot nematode. The breeding line 'White Khandari' was resistant to 3 isolates of the bacterium and root-knot nematode and moderately resistant to Phytophthora root rot. These Indian pepper lines could be an additional source in multiple disease-resistant breeding programs. Multiple disease resistance and good horticultural characteristics make 'Pant C-1' an excellent source of these resistances.


The new intermetallic cerium compound Ce2RuZn4 was synthesized from the elements in a sealed tantalum tube in a water-cooled sample chamber of an induction furnace. Ce2RuZn4 crystallizes with a new structure type: P4/nmm, Z = 2, a = 719.6(1), c = 520.2(1) pm, wR2 = 0.0816, 273 F2 values and 15 variables. The structure contains two crystallographically independent cerium atoms: Ce1 with CN 16 (12 Zn + 4 Ce) and Ce2 with CN 14 (2 Ru + 8 Zn + 4 Ce). Based on the interatomic distances the two sites can be assigned to trivalent Ce1 and intermediate valent Ce2. The trivalent-intermediate valent cerium ordering is underlined by magnetic susceptibility measurements. Ce2RuZn4 shows modified Curie-Weiss behaviour in the temperature range 10–290 K with an experimental magnetic moment of 2.57(1) μB per formula unit. Thus only half of the cerium atoms are trivalent in Ce2RuZn4. A remarkable feature of the Ce2RuZn4 structure are short Ce2–Ru distances of 260 pm. The crystal chemistry of Ce2RuZn4 is discussed.


Abstract : Many programs of organizational change, while initially successful, do not persist. Persistence or institutionalization has been conceived as occurring by degrees, ranging from knowledge about the behaviors associated with the program to values supporting these behaviors. Five processes which affect the degree of institutionalization have been identified, and aspects of the structure of the change and organizational characteristics which affect the processes were also examined. Finally, recommendations, based on our findings, were enumerated as to what managers can do to facilitate persistence of change in their organization.


This year's Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Bertil Ohlin of the Stockholm School of Economics and James E. Meade of Cambridge University. This is the first recognition of the specialization of international economics since the award was established in 1968. This is gratifying, since international trade used to be the central focus of classical economics in the tradition of David Hume, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and John Stuart Mill. Ohlin's award, given for his pioneering Interregional and International Trade, published in 1933, was based on his contribution to the theory of comparative advantage, originally propounded by Ricardo on the basis of the labor theory of value. The labor theory of value survives today only in Marxian economics. The mainstream of the profession of economics has long since rejected the notion that output is the work of man alone, and even the Soviet Union has had to modify the theory in order to be able effectively to allocate capital among various uses. Opposed to the labor theory is the law of variable proportions that asserts that factors of production-labor, land, capital, sometimes business enterprise-are combined in the production of given goods in varying mixes depending on the relative prices of such factors. The prices of factors determine their incomes, in the first instance at least. Eli F. Heckscher, the Swedish economic historian of mercantilism, in a pioneering article in 1919, observed that international trade altered factor prices and therefore redistributed income within a country. He failed, however, to break out of the labor theory mold. His student, Ohlin, went much further in his 1924 thesis, Handelns teori, which was rewritten as Interregional and International Trade while he was visiting the classic school of Frank W. Taussig at Harvard. The labor theory of value had had difficulty explaining why costs of production for given goods were different in different countries. Ohlin stated that different commodities were typically produced with disproportionate inputs of particular factors-wheat especially with land, for example, and machinery especially with labor. A country's comparative advantage lay in the production of those goods produced with the intensive use of factors which that country had in particular abundance. Following Heckscher, he found that trade tended to raise the price of the abundant factor as exports increased the demand for it, and


In an epoxy/layered silicate nanocomposite containing different organically modified layered silicats, the effect of various organic modifications and the layered silicate content on the layer distances are investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and 1H solid-state NMR. TEM micrographs were evaluated using a semi-quantitative method. The effect of paramagnetic impurities present in the clay is used to obtain overall sample information related to the degree of exfoliation by 1H solid-state NMR. A new model for determination of the degree of exfoliation by proton longitudinal relaxation rate measurements is developed.


This paper offers the consideration and method of the design of acupuncture prescription retrieval software. This software can input and retrive the ancient acupuncture prescriptions, which greatly faclitate s acupuncture teaching, practice and scientific researches. This paper presents the steps of creating the database, designing the interface of the main program and the input/query windows. It gives the detail approaches of how to use its po werful query function to sequence or query any word of ancient Chinese acupunctu re prescriptions and let users find needed data quickly


Medical research has recently prioritized the need to ensure patient-centered and patient-participatory approaches to education, clinical care, and research (Moretz & Black, 2007; Silow-Carroll, Alteras, & Stepnick, 2006). The purpose of the Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Youth Empowerment Project was to involve youth with SCD in a program that would empower them, educate the community at large about SCD, and decrease stigma and misperceptions about the disease.


Drawing on Deleuze's work about cinema (the 'movement-image' and the 'time-image'), this article explores formal and aesthetic resonances with sound-based music, distinguishing between aesthetics of energy, articulation and montage, and aesthetics of contemplation, space and virtual relations. A second perspective is given, focusing on how listening behaviours may impose a 'movement-image' or a 'time-image' lens through which we could experience and remember a work's form. This is exemplified with a short analysis of the first section of Chat Noir (1998–2000) by Elizabeth Anderson.


The concentrations of zinc protoporphyrine (ZPP) in the blood of 252 workers from a printshop were studied and the lead concentration in blood (PbH) in 52 workers was measured. Twenty-two workers had blood levels higher than 70 mgldL. Only one worker had a slightly high blood-lead level (39 mg/dl; cut-off point 38 mg/dL). Even though these workers were not really exposed to lead in their daily work, there was little use of personal protection equipment. Analysis found a low rate of ZPP false negatives 0.3%) and high negative predictive values for a threshold of 38 mg Pb/dL. Using this ZPP screening, it is calculated that a 69.7% saving of the blood-lead analysis cost can be made. The use of ZPP is thus recommended as being an economical screening process and usetul for the determination of lead in blood (PhB) for levels higher than 70 mg ZPP/dL.


The reactivity and surface chemistry of charcoal determine its combustion behavior, and these properties depend on the source of the original wood, production conditions, and treatment. Here we studied the properties of charcoal derived from lilac (Syringa vulgaris). Its reactivity was tested by isothermal and nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry in air and nitrogen. The free radical concentration was determined by measuring the electron spin resonance of fresh charcoal, after washing with HCl, and after degassing in air with or without nitrogen. We found that lilac is highly reactive, igniting at 250–300 °C with peak combustion at 320–520 °C. The quantity of oxygen consumed and heat released during oxidation increased with temperature. The free radical concentration in the untreated charcoal was 5.29 × 1018 spins/g, compared to 3.49 × 1019 spins/g after acid washing, 7.06 × 1019 spins/g after exposure to air, and 3.75 × 1017 spins/g after degassing with nitrogen ...


Several free boundary problems (including saturated-unsaturated flow through porous dams, elastic-plastic torsion and cavitating journal bearings) can be formulated as linear complementarity problems of the following type: Find a nonnegative function u which satisfies prescribed boundary conditions on a given domain and which, furthermore, satisfies a linear elliptic equation at each point of the domain where u is greater than zero. We show that the multigrid FAS algorithm, which was developed by Brandt to solve boundary value problems for elliptic partial differential equations, can easily be adapted to handle linear complementarity problems. For large problems, the resulting algorithm, PFAS (projected full approximation scheme) is significantly faster than previous single-grid algorithms, since the computation time is proportional to the number of grid points on the finest grid.We then introduce two further multigrid algorithms, PFASMD and PFMG. PFASMD is a modification of PFAS which is considerably faster than PFAS. Using PFMG (projected full multigrid) it is possible to solve a linear complementarity problem to within truncation error using less work than the equivalent of seven Gauss–Seidel sweeps on the finest grid.


Heavy fouling of a reboiler occurred in a solvent recovery tower of a polyolefin plant. By chemical analysis of the fouling deposits, it was found that the foulant was derived from organic carbonate (OC) which diluted the solvent in order to lower the viscosity of high boiling material in the tower. Also by plant operation condition analysis, it was found that the reboiler operation conditions were not appropriate. To solve this fouling problem, Alcor's HLPS (Hot Liquid Process Simulator) and tube fouling unit (tube diameter: 10 mm) were used. A C8 alcohol was selected as the best dilution solvent from the view points of boiling point, solubility for high boiling point materials, fouling rate and corrosion rate. In terms of reboiler operation conditions, the effect of linear velocity of the fluid was investigated and was found to be too low. The new dilution solvent (additive) and the high linear velocity operation conditions for the plant will be used in the next process development.


ABSTRACT Zhuang, L., 2019. Design of vibration signal data acquisition system for ship mechanical and electrical equipment. In: Hoang, A.T. and Aqeel Ashraf, M. (eds.), Research, Monitoring, and Engineering of Coastal, Port, and Marine Systems. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 97, pp. 254–260. The acquisition and transmission of vibration signal data of ship electromechanical equipment is affected by the multi-path interference factors, which leads to the limited bandwidth of data acquisition and the poor continuous readout performance of data. In order to improve the stability of ship electromechanical equipment operating conditions, a design method of ship electromechanical equipment vibration signal data acquisition system based on wireless sensor network is proposed. The sensor distributed array design of remote data monitoring for ship electromechanical equipment is carried out by using wireless sensor network information acquisition technology, and the vibration signal data of ship electromechanical equipment collected by sensors are quantitatively integrated and processed. The vibration signal data acquisition of ship electromechanical equipment is carried out by using vibration sensor, the interface of vibration signal data acquisition channel of ship electromechanical equipment is designed with PCI global bus control technology, the human-computer interactive control of data acquisition is carried out by using SCSI bus controller, and the hardware integration design of vibration signal data acquisition system of ship electromechanical equipment is carried out. The test results show that the system can collect multi-channel monitoring data in real time and accurately, the fidelity of data output is high, the balance of acquisition and output channel is good, and the accurate detection and analysis ability of vibration signal data of ship electromechanical equipment is improved.


An experiment was conducted to assess the growth in Gir calves at different planes of nutrition. Weaned Gir calves (18 of equal sex, 352.7±17 d old of 143.5±10.8 kg BW) divided in to three equal groups were offered ration containing DCP either 90,100 or 110% of ICAR feeding standard (1985) for 26 wks. DMI (kg/d) was higher (P<0.05) in T3 than in T2 and T1, DMI (% BW) was higher (P<0.01) in T3 and T1 than in T2. Water consumption/kg DM was higher (P<0.01) on low plane of nutrition (T2). Calves under T3 gained higher (P<0.01) body weight than T2 and T1 groups. Treatment and sex had highly significant (P<0.01) influence on average body weight gain. Treatment effect on biometry of claves was non-significant, except for height at withers. Feed conversion efficiency and cost of feed per kg live weight gain were not affected due to treatment. The results indicated that Gir calves responded better in terms of growth on higher plane of DCP.


Hydrostatic bearing with contant oil blow is a hydrostatic system without restrictor. This system has a good dynamic characteristic, but has not an excellent static characteristic. Hydrostatic bearing without restrictor is very similar to the hydrostatic bearing with capillary restrictor about the static and dynamic characterestics. Hydrostatic bearing without restrictor is a very simple system, but also has a small defect i.e. many stiffness oil tube between pumps to the oil pocket of bearings. These tubes were fit together in difficulties. According to this, the system is unsuitable not only for high accurate spindle and slide way,but also for the middle precision and small maching tools.


A method for optimal reduction of data taken with multifiber spectrographs is described, based on global correction of their geometrical distortion. Though it was specifically developed for reducing observations performed at Palomar Mountain using the Norris fiber spectrograph, this method can be adapted to other types of multiobject spectrographs such as the multislit ones. Combined with a two‐dimensional analytical interpolation of sky background that accounts for nonuniform spectral resolution, the Norris software package achieves very high accuracy in airglow subtraction, even in the near‐infrared (7000–9000 Å) where molecular band emissions commonly induce strong artifacts that preclude clean sky subtraction whenever standard image processing techniques are used. Correlatively, an improvement by a factor of 2 on the precision of radial velocities is achievable. Throughout the paper possible improvements to the method are suggested for those devising similar packages for other instruments.


Objective:To explore the intervention skills in instant text-based online counseling condition.Methods:By using qualitative research method,5 counselors' online counseling texts of five cases were analyzed to know the characteristics of intervention skills in online counseling.Results:In online counseling condition,the counselors used intervention skills included open question,closed question,focusing,reflection of meaning,interpretation,logical consequences,self-disclosure,immediacy,feedback,providing information,directives,advanced level of empathy,influencing summarizing,confrontation,behavior words and symbol using.In online counseling condition,the counselors used open question,closed question,and feedback the most.There were many differences of intervention skills using between the counselors.In each counseling phase,open question,feedback and closed question were the counselors mainly used,but the proportion of the three skills was different in every phase.The counselors used immediacy,advanced level of empathy in every phase on average,and used behavior words,focusing,directives,providing information more and more depending on the counseling progress.The behavior words and symbol using were the special skills in online counseling.Conclusions:It suggests that most the intervention skills in face-to-face counseling could be used in online counseling,maybe the counselor could adjust the intervention skills using in every counseling phase to adapt online conditions,and also could choose some special techniques according to characteristic of the network and communication by text.


Natural and Cultural Heritage preservation is an important issue toward sustainable development. This paper is focused on Kelmend - a region lying in Northern Albania in the cross border area with Montenegro. Its beauty and greatness is because of the natural heritage which constitutes the main advantage for its future development. Kelmend Region represents a typical alpine landscape with high peaks and deep valleys and with a rich biodiversity. The environment protection and the preservation of natural heritage is the most important aspect toward the sustainable development of the area, but cultural heritage is also as much important. It reflects an authentic complexity which is at risk. The article tries to explore this second issue: the socio-economic sustainability based on cultural heritage. Despite the rich and unspoiled natural and cultural heritage certain factors limits the effective management of the area. The tangible and intangible culture is not protected and is adapting everyday to the consumers' needs being so under the threat of standardization. Through qualitative methodology we argue the possibility of using the past as a resource for the future in this specific area. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n3s1p481


Today`s distribution market has many structures such as department stores, large discount stores, traditional markets, and internet shopping malls, and the choice variety of the consumers` purchase behavior increased. For this, this study conducted research about consumer choice criteria about department stores among many distribution market structures and consumer satisfaction in Yong-In and Bun-Dang area. The degree of importance about choice criteria for department stores in general was analyzed, and for the degree of importance items, degree of preference about the actual department stores in Yong-In and Bun-Dang area was additionally analyzed. The selection of factors for department store choice criteria was ultimately done by consulting with researchers of the previous studies and distribution specialists, and the survey was conducted from an outside survey institute, and the relative importance was evaluated by AHP method. Also, additional research was conducted on the actual consumer preference of department stores located in Bun-Dang and Yong-In area about each choice criteria item. From the analysis results, the factors that are considered in priority in choosing a department stores and actual preference of department stores were analyzed, and the consumer characteristics and new perception standard were identified.


The construction of learning-oriented catering enterprises is of great significance for shaping the core competitiveness of enterprises.It is necessary for enterprises to create deep cultural environment and conditions for learning.The construction of learning-oriented catering enterprises,with its unique features,is the foundation for building learning-oriented society.Therefore,in catering enterprises,all staff-learning,lifelong learning,construction of learning-oriented enterprises should be encouraged;the function of informationization and information technology should be stressed,and more efforts should be made on enterprises information construction and investment so as to provide good environment and resources for E-learning.


Abstract A number of synthetic protocols for the synthesis of symmetrical dipyridyl chalcogenides/dichalcogenides have successfully been developed by employing cheap, economically viable and eco-friendly reagents. The reductive cleavage of Se–Se and Te–Te bond in these versatile compounds conveniently have been achieved and a number of hitherto unknown chelating seleno/telluro ethers with varying back bones have been prepared employing appropriate alkylating agents.


The study investigated the effect of 5Es constructivist instructional approach on senior secondary students' achievement and retention in chemistry in Benue State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The quasi experimental design was used for the study. A sample of 132 senior secondary two students from six secondary schools was selected using purposive and random sampling techniques. Two instruments, Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) and Chemistry Retention Test (CRT) were developed by the researcher. The instruments were validated by five experts. Upon successful validation, the instruments were trial-tested in a pilot study. Kuder-Richardson (K-R21) formula was used to find the reliability coefficient of the CAT which was found to be 0.71. Data were collected at various intervals using the CAT and CRT. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviations to answer the research questions while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The analysis of the data revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female students taught Chemistry using constructivist instructional strategy. In terms of retention there is a significant difference in the mean retention scores of male and female students with female students having the highest mean retention scores. It is concluded in this study that the use of constructivist instructional strategy enhance students' achievement and retention in Chemistry. It was recommended that Chemistry teachers should use constructivist instructional strategy which provides students opportunity to interact with materials,


In this paper, a comparative analysis between concentrated and distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output channels (C-mMIMO and D-mMIMO respectively), in an indoor environment using ray-tracing (RT) in the 26 GHz band is presented. The comparison is carried out in a realistic scenario consisting of a floor of a large building. The simulations emulated the up-link channel in an indoor cell in the framework of a time division duplex (TDD) - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDD-OFDM) system. Both base stations, concentrated and distributed, were equipped with an array consisting of 100 antennas, and the maximum number of 20 simultaneously active users is considered. The channels are simulated using a well-tested and rigorous RT software. Using RT channel modeling, this work characterizes the up-link channels with both technologies, estimating the coherence bandwidth of the channels and analyzing the achievable capacity, assuming perfect channel state information (CSI). The results show that the D-mMIMO channel outperforms the C-mMIMO one from the point of view of their behavior in broadband as well as in terms of the obtainable capacity.


Abstract Proteus bacteria are important human opportunistic pathogens which frequently cause urinary tract infections. According to Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology,1 this genus includes three species: P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, and P. myxofaciens. A novel species of P. penneri has been recently proposed2,3 for strains formerly called P. vulgaris biogroup I. Proteus is an antigenically heterogeneous group of bacteria, and this is mainly associated with diverse composition and structures of O-specific polysaccharide chains of outer-membrane lipopolysaccharides (O-antigens). The Kauffman-Perch serological classification4 of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris includes 49 O-serogroups. However, a number of S-strains remain unclassified,5 including strains of P. penneri.


Pullout tests on single and double soil nails were conducted in a model sandbox. The test parameters included variations in the surface roughness, the ratio of nail length to nail diameter, the overburden pressure, and the distance between two nails. The characteristic of a single asperity, the asperity number per unit length, and the ratio of the thread depth to the soil particle size were used to define the surface roughness factor. The test results showed that the apparent friction coefficients at the soil–nail interface were dependent upon the surface roughness of the nail. Group efficiency was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a nail when installed within a group. The test results showed that the group efficiency of a double-nail system was dependent upon the surface roughness factor and has a linear relationship with the nail distance until 100% efficiency is reached. The minimum required distance for 100% efficiency also varied with the surface roughness factor.Key words: apparent friction coef...


Abstract Poster session 2, September 22, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Objectives Entomophthorales, including genus Basidiobolus, and Conidiobolus are a well-recognized cause of subcutaneous infections in immunocompetent hosts. Genus Basidiobolus is ubiquitous. All human infections except one reported so far have been due to B.ranarum. Here we present a case of an immunocompetent 5-year-old girl with a soft tissue swelling on the right upper buttock caused by B. meristosporus. Methods Tissue biopsy samples from swelling over right buttock were sent for microbiological and histopathological examination. In microbiology, the samples were subjected to microscopy with Gram stain and KOH-calcofluor, aerobic, anaerobic, and fungal culture. Additionally, CBNAAT was done to rule out Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Growth on fungal culture was identified by slide culture and microscopy. The isolate was sent to PGIMER, Chandigarh for characterization using whole genome sequencing. Environmental surveillance included surveillance of soil samples from in and around the patient's house was attempted to identify the source of infection. Results On physical examination, an indurated mass was noted on the right lower back with a scar of a previously attempted drainage. The surface over the lesion was erythematous, the skin was scaly with no discharging sinuses. Gram stain of the biopsy sample revealed few polymorphonuclear leukocytes and no microorganisms. KOH-calcofluor revealed broad, partially septate, hyaline fungal hyphae. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures did not yield any pathogen. CBNAAT was negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fungal culture on SDA yielded growth of waxy, expanding colonies with cerebriform center, without aerial mycelium after 72 h of incubation, at both 25°C and 37°C. LPCB mount was prepared from the primary tubes and slide culture was performed. Preliminary identification was established as B. ranarum. VITEK MS (MALDI-TOF) did not identify the isolate as this is not available in the database. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis were done and the isolate was identified as B. meristosporus. Soil samples from in and around the house did not yield fungal growth morphologically resembling Basidiobolus species. Histopathological examination of the sample revealed Splendore Hoeppli phenomenon with occasional broad, aseptate hyphae. The child was initially treated with oral potassium iodide and later initiated on oral nitroimidazole. The response was dramatic with 70% resolution of the lesion within 3 weeks of therapy and almost complete resolution after 6 weeks. The child is on regular follow-up since then and is doing well. Conclusion Subcutaneous entomophthoramycosis in children are rare tropical infections that can mimic malignancy and hence are often misdiagnosed resulting in unnecessary pharmacotherapy or mutilating surgery. Diagnosis is established by isolation and correct identification of fungal species. To the best of our knowledge, only one clinical case of B. meristosporus has been reported so far. Identification of species is vital to understand factors governing pathogenicity, to establish epidemiological data, and probably revise current controversial opinions on the pathogenic species of genus Basidiobolus. Speciation based on morphology alone is unreliable and molecular methods prove useful for confirmation of species. Therefore, it is imperative that all Basidiobolus isolates are sent to referral centers for speciation to build a strong reliable database.


【Objective】 To investigate dexametona influence on T helper 17 (Th17) cells in asthmatic mice.【Methods】36 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups,normal control group,asthma group and dexametona group,with 12 in each group.The asthmatic mouse models were established.The airway resistance (Re) of the murine were measured by animal lung function meter.The lung tissue immunity development was observed.The numbers of total cells,eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted.The level of IL-17,IL-23 in lung homogenates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The ratio of Th17 in the mice spleens mononuclear cells were detected by flow cytometry.【Results】Re and airway inflammation in dexamethasone group were significantly different from asthmatic group.The percentage of IL-17,IL-23 cells in asthmatic group was significantly higher than that of normal control group,dexametona group were significantly lower than that of asthmatic group.The level of Th17 in asthma mice was significantly higher than that of normal control,dexametona can descent the number of Th17,which showed statistic significance compared to asthmatic group.【Conclusion】The study showed that dexametona can suppress the quantity of Th17 cells and the level of related cytokine IL-17,IL-23 in asthma murine,to relieve airway inflammation.


A radiation resonance effect observed in the reflection spectra from overdense plasmas illuminated by femtosecond laser pulses at normal incidence is reported from particle‐in‐cell simulations. Harmonic emission at multiple orders of the fundamental is found to exhibit resonance phenomena, with the number of resonances and power emitted depending on the electron plasma density. For relatively low laser intensities the reflected light at the laser frequency shows prominent resonant emission at specific values of the plasma density, mainly at 4, 16 and 36 times critical. For increasing laser intensities, strong harmonic emission at 4 and 16 times critical dominates the reflection spectra. In the case of the third laser harmonic, the emission is found to be resonant at 4 and 36 times critical and presents, additionally, a distinctive resonant region around 9 times critical. For higher harmonic numbers, weak radiation resonances persist in the emission spectra, with their number increasing with order. The res...


This document is deliverable D3.2 "Interface design prototypes and/or mock ups" and presents tools and prototypes to show new interface and interaction design.


The production of slender plastic pipe bar stock and cleaning incense was manual loading and unloading.An automatic loading and unloading device for tube bar packing was designed and developed to solve the problems of low automation degree,high labor intensity,large manpower consumption,and unable to form stable automatic production. The device can realize quantitative,timing,direct transmission of tube bar from material feeder to packaging molding service location. The structure characteristics,working principle,structure design,and control scheme was expounded. The prototype was applied to the automatic cross-section shape packaging production practice for the tube rods such as incense stick and realized automatic packaging production.


Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering Master in Space Engineering Preliminary design of a small-scale liquid-propellant rocket engine testing platform


In this thesis, we present a robust adaptive control law that enables a team of robots to generate locally optimal closed path persistent sensing trajectories through information rich areas of a dynamic, unknown environment. This controller is novel in that it allows the robots to combine their global sensor estimates of the environment using a mixing function to opt for either: (1) minimum variance (probabilistic), (2) Voronoi approximation, or (3) Voronoi (geometric) sensing interpretations and resulting coverage strategies. As the robots travel along their paths, they continuously sample the environment and reshape their paths according to one of these three control strategies so that ultimately, they only travel through regions where sensory information is nonzero. This approach builds on previous work that used a Voronoi-based control strategy to generate coverage paths [32]. Unlike the Voronoi-based coverage controller, the mixing-function-based coverage controller captures the intuition that globally integrated sensor measurements more thoroughly capture information about an environment than a collection of independent, localized measurements. Using a non-linear Lyapunov function candidate, we prove that the robots' coverage path configurations converge to a locally optimal equilibrium between minimizing sensing error and path length. A path satisfying this equilibrium is called an informative path. We extend the informative path controller to include a stability margin and to be used in conjunction with a speed controller so that a robot or a group of robots equipped with a finite sensing footprint can stabilize a persistent task by maintaining all growing fields within the environment bounded for all time. Finally, we leverage our informative persistent paths to generate a dynamic patrolling policy that minimizes the distance between instantaneous vehicle position and incident customer demand for a large fleet of service vehicles operating in an urban transportation network. We evaluate the performance of the policy by conducting large-scale simulations to show global stability of the model and by comparing it against a greedy service policy and historical data from a fleet of 16,000 vehicles. Thesis Supervisor: Daniela Rus Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science


Objective To study the effect of rosiglitazone on cholesterol,ox-LDL and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents in THP-1-derived foam cells and explore the probable mechanism of rosiglitazone on atherosclerosis(AS).Methods THP-1 cells were cultured.Macrophages were induced from THP-1 cell by PMA.Model of foam cells were built by incubating macrophages with ox-LDL.Foam cells were incubated with 10 μmol/L rosiglitazone for 48 h.MDA was measured by TBARS,ox-LDL was detected by ELSIA and cholesterol was measured by fluorescence spectrophotometric method.Results Macrophages incubated with ox-LDL formed into foam cells successfully.The intracellular total cholesterol(TC),free cholesterol(FC), cholesteryl ester(CE),ox-LDL and MDA were increased(all P0.05) and these changes were significantly attenuated by rosiglitazone(P0.05).Conclusions The anti-AS effects of rosiglitazone are related to reducing cholesterol and oxidation.


In this course, we will: • learn about the history and formal strategies of documentary film and photodocumentary books concerning the U.S. South; • examine how documentary strategies have been used in diverse media in order to chronicle southern economic and political problems, explore their causes, and promote strategies for managing or alleviating them; • consider how documentaries of southern U.S. spaces configure broader socioeconomic forces, particularly the Great Depression and the New Deal, post-Civil Rights race relations in the U.S., and the emergence of the neoliberal state; • discuss how debates concerning southern documentary reflect issues in cultural practice/cultural studies more generally; and • practice collaborative and independent research and analysis.


We describe connections of Voronoi's results with hypermetrics. Denote by PSDn and HY COn the cones in R ( 2 ) consisting of real symmetric matrices (aij) n i,j=1 such that PSDn = {a ∈ R( n+1 2 ) : ∑ 1≤i,j≤n aijxixj ≥ 0 for all integral xi}, HY COn = {a ∈ R( n+1 2 ) : ∑


The clinician must first determine whether the molar intrusion should be performed in the mandible, the maxilla, or, in severe cases, both. This article illustrates cases using all three options.


AbstractFe MoncloaTeaching and Learning Participation: Latino Youth Civic Engagement in a High SchoolCivically and politically engaged Latino youth are the future for bolstering American democracy because Latinos are the fastest growing ethnic group in this nation, and they constitute more than half of the youth population in California. To support Latino youth civic participation, this study aims to understand high school organizational programs, practices, and policies that influence Latino youth civic engagement. This investigation is a comparative case study of the institutional factors that foster or impede high school Latino youth civic engagement. In this study I adopted Ogawa, Crain, Loomis, and Ball (2008) conceptualization of cultural-historical activity theory and institutional theory as an integrated framework and as a lens to describe and analyze four participation learning spaces, defined as spaces where youth have voice, influence and shared decision making. My observations and interviews were informed by an interpretivist and constructivist epistemology (Lincoln & Guba, 2000) and utilized ethnographic approaches . Data sources were comprised of 320 hours of participant observation field notes from October 2012 until November 2013, artifacts and interviews. I collected artifacts from the school and the school district. I conducted focused participant observation in two elective classes and two student clubs, and conducted formal interviews with 12 Latino youth from low-income families, 10 teachers, and two school administrators. I analyzed participant structures, goal mediated activity, and social interactions among teachers and youth, as well as youth peer processes that supported civic engagement.The findings of this study indicate that institutional pressures such as increased graduation rates and a focus on discipline, contributed to an absence of administrator leadership for civic engagement. Teachers who supported participation learning spaces had autonomy for the instruction and content of these spaces, and they exhibited organizational citizenship by giving the limited free time they had to support students' civic engagement. Teachers' style and choices, which were shaped by their training and personal experiences, influenced classroom or club climate, peer interaction, and pedagogy. This analysis is relevant to educators and administrators who wish to support Latino and diverse youth civic engagement in high schools, and for researchers interested in elective participatory learning environments.


Nonlinear interaction between highly oblique whistler wave and ion acoustic wave pertinent to magnetopause has been investigated. The density perturbation in whistler wave is supposed to be originated due to the presence of ion acoustic wave in the background. The ponderomotive force components arising due to the high amplitude pump wave, viz., whistler wave are constituted in the nonlinear dynamics of low frequency ion acoustic wave. The coupled nonlinear dynamical equations are then modelled in the form of modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation by considering adiabatic response of low frequency ion acoustic wave. The numerical simulation of this coupled nonlinear equation is performed to study the temporal evolution of nonlinear whistler wave. The obtained simulation results show that the temporal evolution also leads to the cascade of broadband turbulence spectrum at smaller wavelengths. The relevance of the obtained results with the observations of THEMIS spacecraft in the magnetopause region has bee...


The increasing popularity of the recovery movement suggests that movement ideology is serving a function for many individuals. This article examines how the understandings available through popular recovery movement literature and programs are regarded as empowering by those engaged in what they define as a process of recovery. Through ethnographic investigation and interviews, the common communicative elements of the process are examined, and aspects of recovery that hover above popular notions are delineated. An example of this is the paradox of powerlessness on which many recovery programs are based. The understandings allow for a change in the communicative stance in the world of the recovering person, and provide a means for the reconstruction of both personal identity and personal history. Furthermore, it ties these processes of personal change to processes of social change.


Introduction Principles of economic development in each country need to invest in various economic sectors and activities. Without investment in infrastructure and superstructure projects, it cannot be expected to expand production, employment and economic welfare. To understand this, we can see many countries today have found a strong tendency to attract investment. Investment in tourism infrastructure and use of power potential of a region is a good way to attract tourists. Understanding the circumstances and events of Environmental and Tourism Development Planning plays an outstanding impact to raise our awareness and insights of planning process and policies of Tourism development. Therefore, these are the most important issues for successful planning of this industry. This can identify characteristics of different regions and environmental conditions and appropriate planning with their capacity. Tourism industry includes a range of sectors and different services and features. Thus, development and management of tourism should be executed in a controlled, integrated and sustainable manner and based on a rationally program. By adopting such approach, tourists can benefit from many interests in tourism destination without creation of the most serious environmental, social and cultural problems. The purpose of this study is to provide an Environmental Analysis Model With systems approach to Tourism Planning in Maku Township.


Hot and warm forging processes subject the dies to severe cyclic thermal and mechanical fatigue subsequently resulting in die failure primarily through wear, plastic deformation and heat checking. This ongoing study aims to reduce die wear through application of proprietary hot-work tool steels and ceramic-based materials through combination of computational analysis and shop floor experimentation. As part of this initiative guidelines will be developed for a) die design under hot and warm forging conditions, and b) selection of optimum lubrication systems for increased die life. The goals of this FIERF-sponsored study will be achieved through active cooperation with a number of FIA member companies involved in forging, lubrication and tooling.


Methylamine1 is taken up rapidly by disks cut from fronds of Ulva rigida CU Iva lactuca') and can be accumulated at concentrations several hundred times greater than those in the bathing medium. At pH 8-0 (the pH of sea-water) the relationship between influx and concentration is normally linear up to 0-1-0-3 mM, followed by a second, less steep linear phase, the slope of which decreases or increases with decreasing or increasing external pH. When pH is greater than 9-0, however, net uptake soon ceases. Methylamine influx is greatly reduced at low temperature, by low concentrations of ammonia and, depending on the length of storage of the material, by darkness. Influx is also greatly reduced when disks are pretreated in solutions containing ammonia and to a much lesser extent when they are pretreated in methylamine, imidazol or nitrate. Methylamine influx lowers intracellular K+, increases Cl~ and has no effect on Na+. We suggest that the first linear phase of influx versus concentration reflects the operation of an amine cation porter that is rate-limited by diffusion of CH3NH3" through the external unstirred layer, and that the second phase is due to diffusion of CH3NH2 into the tissue.


PURPOSE: A bicycle pedal, footwear and a device for combining the pedal and the footwear is provided to easily combine the footwear with the pedal and easily separate the footwear from the pedal. CONSTITUTION: A bicycle pedal(100) comprises a pedal body(110), a retaining part(120), a first elastic member, and a second elastic member. The pedal body is combined with a bicycle pedal shaft. The retaining part is installed in the pedal body in a direction parallel with the pedal shaft direction or a direction intersecting the pedal shaft at a predetermined angle. The retaining part is exposed to the top face or bottom face of the pedal body. The retaining part includes a plurality of retaining pieces. The first elastic member elastically biases a retaining piece relatively close to the pedal shaft to a retaining position. The second elastic member elastically biases a retaining piece relatively distant from the pedal shaft to the retaining position. The coefficient of elasticity of the first elastic member is smaller than the coefficient of elasticity of the second elastic member.


Abstract : To become a viable state, Afghanistan will need a functional, credible defense apparatus that can secure the country and protect the Afghan population. Senior Afghan political and military leaders will soon find themselves working without the current levels of nurturing from the international community. The accelerated Coalition force drawdown and the goal of having the Afghanistan National Security Forces (ANSF) assume the lead for security by end-2014, possibly to shift to end-2013, adds urgency to the relevance examination of International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) structure, roles, visions, essential tasks, and resource prioritization. The COIN-centric ISAF Campaign Design as of February 2011 contains six lines of effort (LOE): Protect the Population, Support Development of ANSF, Neutralize Insurgent Networks, Neutralize Criminal Patronage Networks, Support Development of Legitimate Governance, and Support Sustainable Socio-Economic Development. Each LOE has an associated strategic objective intended for accomplishment by 2014. The purpose of the design is to synchronize ISAF efforts across the LOEs so that the combined effects of these activities apply pressure on the insurgency. Protect the Population is the ISAF Main Effort LOE, while the Governance LOE is the key supporting effort. As progress toward Afghans assuming lead for security moves apace, ISAF should consider adjusting its campaign design by shifting the main effort to Supporting ANSF Development. ISAF transition to ANSF-lead for Afghan security and population protection would create the opportunity for ISAF to transform to a leaner, more specialized organization. A smaller ISAF must include an adjusted campaign design as part of its transformation. As part of its new campaign design, ISAF should shift priorities of effort and resources from an operational and security endeavor to one that reinforces progress made in developing enduring capabilities within the ANSF.


This article aims to explore the process of the regulation of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools project, through digesting and absorbing foreign vocational education system, and construct the corresponding teaching ideas, teaching methods and materials, seek to strengthen professional competence of students of higher vocational training.

Key words:
Regulation of Sino-foreign cooperative school; Vocational education; Curriculum building; Medical student


The Fenland Research Committee, founded in 1932, guided research in the low wetlands north of Cambridge in east England. Its work marked a turning-point in the developing prehistory of Sir Grahame Clark, a change so profound it is here called a 'new archaeology'. A leading approach now as 'ecological archaeology', it is here shown to have its conception in certain goals, definitions, concepts, and assumptions — and in the field circumstances which promoted a then-new approach to prehistoric materials.


PURPOSE: A carbon nano-tube-metal thermal conductive composite material is provided to improve the physical and mechanical property of the material by implementing a sintering or die casting process. CONSTITUTION: A carbon nano-tube-metal thermal conductive composite material includes carbon nano-tube-metal complex and metal. The carbon nano-tube-metal complex is composed of spherical metal particles and carbon nano-tube. Carbon nano-tube is dispersed in a reduction solvent to prepare a dispersion solution. A metal precursor is supplied to the dispersion solution to obtain a mixed solution. The metal precursor is reduced by thermally treating the mixed solution. The metal is one or more selected from silver, copper, aluminum, tin, bismuth, and antimony.


To study effects of fertilization on yield and active components of Chrysanthemum morifolium,pig manure,chicken manure,rape cake,inorganic fertilizer were applied in the pot experiment as the doses as in planting base of Chinese medical herbs in Jiangsu Province.The results showed that all the fertilizers applied could improve the botanical characteristics,the biomass of Chrysanthemum morifolium was increased significantly.Pig manure,chicken manure and rape cake could improve effectively total flavonoid,chlorogenic acid of Chrysanthemum morifolium,among them the rape cake was dramatically increased total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid of Chrysanthemum morifolium,and the pig manure was in the second place.


The interface elements such as joint elements are widely used in common practice to analyze the stresses and deformations of a concrete gravity dam with joints. However such models cannot authentically simulate the actual dynamic behavior of joints and interface between different media subjected to earthquake-induced irregular loading. In this paper, the new mechanical model together with mathematical formulations for analyzing discontinuous deformation system developed by the authors in recent years is briefly presented. It is based on the generalized finite elements and contact-force elements. In this method, both the yielding conditions on stresses in continuous media and interaction forces along the discontinuous interface and deformation constraints on the sliding and debonding of interface are taken into consideration. Then this method is applied to dynamic analyses of nonlinear seismic responses of the concrete gravity dam with joints to earthquake shaking. Numerical computations for a practical dam as an illustrative example are performed and meaningful results associated with the normal and shear stresses along the interfaces and along the dam-foundation interface are presented together with the stresses and deformations of dam. It has been shown that the computational results of the model are reasonable. Thus it is shown that the discontinuous deformation mechanics model is not only suited to static analyses, but also can be adapted to dynamic simulations of nonlinear behavior of multi-body with material surfaces and joints. The model can predict stresses and deformations of the continuous media and as well as the interaction forces and displacements of contact surfaces.


The slips titled Jiahe limin Tianjia bie include the names of nearly two thousand members of the Tian family, but all have single-character given names. Many people have identical surnames and given names as well as many southern ethnic names. The fact that Tian clan members had single-character given names hints at changes in naming practices in the Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period, and does not been to have been a labour-saving convention followed by scribes. Regardless of social position, the sharing of graves, surnames, given names and the lack of gender distinction seems to have been a common phenomenon. The slips also show a unique characteristic of the inhabitants of the Changsha prefecture at that time was the tendency of their names to reflect social life and the environment, while some names also reflect Daoist beliefs and naming taboos.


We propose a computational alternative photographic process that integrates computer processing with the conventional printing method, particularly cyanotype. Cyanotype is a non-silver-halide process that has a lower environmental impact and is known for its availability to produce tri-color prints; however, the tri-color process is complex and time-consuming. To simplify this heavy printing process, our framework provides a user interface for image editing and optimization based on color simulation within a printable color gamut. We demonstrate image editing and tri-color cyanotype printing using our framework, indicating that it can reduce the number of user trials and errors.


The impact of coarse aggregate gradation and strength,fineness modulus of sand and sand ratio on research C80~C90 high-strength concrete was studied.The result of the experiment showed that coarse aggregate gradation to achieve lower voidage help to improve the strength of concrete,the effect of coarse aggregate strength to concrete strength closed to its strength of mortar.Fineness modulus of sand within 2.6~2.9 had little effect on the the performance of concrete.There is an optimum value of the sand ratio,when it's about 41% the comprehensive performance of concrete was better.


Recent geophysical surveys of different marine slopes show distinct figures corresponding to sliding, slumping, and creeping processes. The comparison of these phenomena is made on the basis of a seismic interpretation of gravity events in distinct margins and basins such as Indian Ocean, China Sea, Tasman Sea, and Mediterranean Sea. The distinction between such phenomena is sometimes difficult, but some features seem characteristic of a slow movement of the sedimentary cover on low-angle slopes. This distinction is important, considering the reservoir potential of the sedimentary cover involved in the phenomena. In instantaneous events such as sliding, the successive processes following this first step lead in a final stage to a potential reservoir (such as the Bouma sequence). However, slow mass movement on slopes destroys the internal structure to finalize into chaotic or transparent layers that can be misinterpreted as sedimentary reservoirs.


While freight railroads do not carry numerous passengers, they do transport almost 2 million carloads of hazardous materials annually that terrorists could use as weapons of mass destruction. While rail is the safest mode of hazmat transport, with 16 times less accidents than trucks, there remains a widespread concern about security, following the September 11 attacks. This article reviews what has been and is being done to protect the rail industry against potential terrorist attacks, either by the industry or government agencies, specifically the Department of Homeland Security.


Educational, learning and research organizations are faced with challenging situation of managing knowledge. The paper highlights different approaches of knowledge management through knowledge sharing that can be followed in educational institutions.


The problem of simultaneously estimating and selecting important variables is challenging in the high-dimensional generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) with longitudinal data because of the correlation structures. We give a penalized estimation strategy for efficient variable selection when the number of variables in the linear part and number of components in the non-linear part can grow with the sample size. A Monte Carlo Newton-Raphson algorithm is developed where a Metropolis step for generating random effects is used to apply the proposed double-penalization technique in the high-dimensional GAMM. In addition, to improve efficiency for regression coefficients, the estimation of the working covariance matrix is involved in the proposed iterative algorithm. We further study the asymptotic performance of the resulting estimators and establish the oracle properties. We conduct extensive numerical studies to assess the performance of our proposed estimation strategy and numerically illustrate how efficient it is in selecting significant variables.


Abstract We report the synthesis of a novel poly(p-phenylene-vinylene) derivative bearing dodecanoylsulfanyl side-groups (12COS-PPV). Good solubility in organic solvents was achieved. The average molecular weight was around 30 000, the energy gap 2.8 eV and the thermal stability up to 130°C. Doping with iodine vapours rose conductivity to 2·10-6 S/cm. Gas sensors made from FeCl3-doped 12COS-PPV showed an unusual behaviour responding to only four of the eight different organic solvent vapours tested. Recoveries from the responses are not complete, but are reproducible and can be used to discriminate between the four solvents. Quantitative analyses are also possible since there is a good linear correlation between relative response and concentration.


This report was written on behalf of the British Philosophical Association and Society for Women in Philosophy UK's Women in Philosophy Committee.


especially into mainland China in the next few years, and the probable vulnerability of such a large and long-living reef fish to overfishing, the fall in population was projected to continue or worsen. Declines in catches and sightings of the fish were reported from countries and territories such as American Samoa, Malaysia, Indonesia, French Polynesia and Palau. In Fiji the species has virtually disappeared from some places. In other places there were records of declining catches, and in some areas there has not been a recorded catch of humphead wrasse for the last 10–15 years.


The human capacity for communication is both stunningly innovative and resilient. These points are illustrated most effectively by the literature on homesign systems created by deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children in the absence of usable language input. Goldin-Meadow (2012) specifies that "homesign systems arise when a deaf child is unable to acquire spoken language" due to the inability to hear speech "and is not exposed to sign language" because their hearing family does not know or use any sign language (Goldin-Meadow 2012:602). Homesigns are invariably described as gestural systems built (in part) on the gestural component of the language(s) used by DHH children's hearing families. However, among the estimated ∼95% of DHH children who grow up in hearing families (Mitchell and Karchmer, 2004), it is likely that some are also able to access elements of the spoken language that are potentially usable for acquisition. The totality of this received spoken language input does not constitute a full, natural language, but it may nevertheless contribute to the child's initial communication system. If so, questions arise as to what exactly this system is, which is neither homesign (at least in the way it has been typically described) nor a natural language (in the way linguists and layfolk typically understand the term), and how such a system influences subsequent acquisition. These questions form the main focus for this article. We consider here the initial communicative systems created by all DHH children with adverse childhood communication experiences (ACCE, Kushalnagar et al. 2020), who have also been termed "language-deprived" (Hall 2017), before they acquire an established natural signed, written or spoken language. For the sake of simplified exposition, we refer collectively to these systems as simply the "initial system," a deliberately broad label that encompasses the full range of communicative mechanisms innovated by DHH people in contexts of degraded, restricted and/or delayed language input. Although such initial systems include homesign systems, the two designations are not interchangeable, as the existing literature is unclear on the extent to which all ACCE/language-deprived individuals develop the grammatical mechanisms described by homesign researchers (Goldin-Meadow, 2020). A clear understanding of the initial system and its impact on subsequent acquisition is critical, given the many disadvantages and highly variable outcomes documented for language-deprived DHH people in the literature dedicated to "late acquisition of first language." Those studies conclude that initial systems do not provide learners with the foundation necessary for "typical" acquisition of the firstor second/subsequent language (L1 or L2/Ln) (e.g., Mayberry et al., 2018). However, it is worth noting that many of the tasks used to illustrate language and processing disadvantages for ACCE/language-deprived DHH people are highly decontextualized from actual language use. This contrasts with the heavily interactive and contextualized communication styles observed for many Edited by: Erin Wilkinson, University of New Mexico, United States


Report discusses cost effectiveness of high-temperature thermal storage system for representative parabolic dish solar powerplant. Economic viability of thermal storage system assesses; cost and performance projections made; cost of electricity generated by solar power plant also calculated.


In the Brazilian economic scenario there is a great dispute regarding the taxation charged, mainly the ICMS. This movement, also called the fiscal war, causes states to lose their revenues in search of business investment. The refrigeration industries are some of the beneficiaries in the State of Rio Grande do Sul through the fiscal credit incentive program AGREGAR / RS. The objective was to identify the fiscal incentive for the appropriation by refrigerating units belonging to the same economic group, as well as the fulfillment of the agreement made with the State regarding investments and job creation.


As a result of the different instruments on-board Gaia and their various spatial or time resolutions, millions of Double and Multiple Stars (DMS) will be detected, of almost every kind. Accordingly, the data processing of DMS will undoubtedly be complex. This processing can be described in broad categories: resolved doubles and multiple stars, astrometric, spectroscopic, photometric or eclipsing binaries and classification task; in total, not less than 32 algorithms may be needed, which also call for adapted simulations.


Removable dentures aim to improve masticatory function, esthetics and phonetics. Different materials have been used as denture base materials but poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is most frequently used in most countries. Surface related properties of denture base materials (roughness, surface free energy, wettability, hydrophobicity, etc.) are of clinical importance since they affect plaque accumulation and staining. Surface roughness specifically influences the adhesion and retention of Candida Albicaans, which has a particular importance in denture-induced stomatitis pathogenesis. Bacterial plaque retention directly affects oral hygiene even if the patient achieves an appropriate cleaning of the denture. Ideally, denture base materials should be smooth so plaque adherence is reduced or even avoided. Test specimens of four heat polymerized materials were obtained by a classical press-pack dough molding technique of 1.5 mm thick wax-plate flasked in class III Moldano followed by the recommended polymerization regime. One of the materials was processed through a fast polymerization cycle. Injection-type materials were automatically produced using a dedicated injection unit. All plates were sectioned in 10 mm x 10 mm samples. No finishing protocol was applied. The selected specimens were examined under field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). A large variation of surface topography was recorded between materials. There were visual differences between the four heat polymerized resins but also between the two injection-type materials. Surface topography was also influenced by the polymerization regime. Within the limitations of our study, we found that surface topography is influenced by the chemical composition of each material, the heat cure cycle and the processing method.


As the reform of college English teaching develops,the Internet-based CET-4/6 spreads in China.It is possible that we get started to have Internet-based college English terminal test,to go on well with the Internet-based CET-4/6.The Internet-based college English terminal test is superior to the traditional paper test and feasible.To ensure that the Internet-based college English terminal test goes smoothly,colleges should invest in the hardware,build up the test corpus,urge students to improve computer skills and form the reading habit on screen to get good results in the Internet-based CET-4/6.


A new algorithm to convert interlaced video sequences to a progressive format is proposed. The algorithm is based on motion detection and adaptive weighted median filtering. The weights are adapted to emphasize temporal information in stationary areas and spatial information in moving areas. Compensation of commonly occuring horizontal motion is used to improve the performance without adding the extra complexity of full motion compensation. A novel improvement to direction dependent processing is used to enhance the interpolation result on diagonal edges. The main motivation for this work has been the production of high quality still images from interlaced sources for, e.g., printing purposes. The proposed method is also directly applicable in advanced television receivers.


Sentiment analysis has gained much attention from both academics and industry in the last years. The increasing availability of data on the opinion of users in social platforms such as Twitter, Facebook and others have enabled the development of artificial intelligence to uncover hidden knowledge in social media and perform strategical business decisions. In this way, due to the impact on business strategic decisions, the research advancements in the field of sentiment analysis has quickly grown, and consequently 5293 documents have been published in the last five years, making an impossible task to stay up to date on these advancements. Therefore, given the implications of the new techniques and approaches in the field, in this contribution, we performed a science mapping analysis to uncover the conceptual structure of the area, showing the noteworthy techniques and detecting the possible applications of them. Results show how the sentiment analysis research field paid great attention to topics related to the pandemic (COVID-19, vaccinations) and mental health. Also, advanced artificial techniques such as deep-learning and transfer learning have been widely used in the last years.


The richness of the internet owes much to the diversity of its content, the hosting of which is made possible by content hosts. Yet, not all that is diverse is legal. Given that copyright subsists in creative content, the digitisation of content has made its duplication, adaptation and publication on the internet extremely easy-resulting in a substantial proportion of illegal content infringing copyright. In the circumstances, copyright owners have increasingly turned to internet intermediaries, including content hosts, to protect their rights on the internet. While the provisions in the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) that impute liability for authorising another s infringement provides the basis for the liability of content hosts for hosting third-party content that irifringe copyright, the various defences and safe harbour provisions available therein do not provide any "additional" protection to content hosts. This may have implications in the way content hosts operate, undermining/air use and free speech doctrines.