1. Named Information Information has always been named, but the naming mechanism usually involved a location, for instance, the domain name of the server publishing the information. There is a lot of research a the moment in the area of Named-Information systems: Information-Centric Networks (ICN), ContentCentric Networks (CCN), Named-Data Networks (NDN), as well is into Content-Delivery Networks (CDNs) that looks into using the name of an object to map it to a nearby cached copy, plus, of course, the algorithms for deciding just what information to cache and where to do that. The research mentioned could be described as research that attempts to integrate information communicationand storage. In this position paper, we plead to integrate this with information creation or generationas well and to apply it not only to distributed systems in general but to exascale systems in particular. Searching for web pages with certain keywords in them can only be done by servers in the network. But information that is expensive to generate (a weather forecast, for example), tends to be generated once, proactively, and then to be distributed by CDNs. In other words, we either have distributed applications for generating information, or CDNs for delivering pre-generated information. The integration of the two, for information that can either be delivered from storage or generated on demand (depending on the cost of fetching it vs. the cost of generating it) has scarcely been investigated.


3´-Phoaphoadenosine 5´-Phosphosulfate (PAPS) synthase (PAPSS) of human is comprised of two domains [ATP sulfurylase (ATPS)] and [APS kinase (APSK)]. ATP sulfurylase binds ATP and allows the sulfate anion to attack the alpha-phosphoryl by nucleophilic attack. This allows the elimination of pyrophosphate (PPi) and the formation of phospho-sulfate anhydride bond of APS which is energetically higher (~19 kcal/mol) compared to phospho-phosphate (~7.6 kcal/ mol) nucleotide. However, nature chose to have sulfur as well as phosphorous nucleotide, one serving as a universal cellular energy currency, as well as a donor for phosphorylation. In contrast, PAPS was chosen as a universal donor of sulfuryl group for molecule/ macromolecule modifications and not chosen as an energy source. PPi the eliminated product of ATPS is cleaved into two inorganic phosphates by the ubiquitous pyrophosphatase, a process that can drive the whole reaction of APS formation, to certain degree in the forward direction? with the help of substrate concentration gradient. The energy of ~4 kcal must be invested in balance, to at least reach the equilibrium on the ATPS reaction.


Determination of the benchmark interest rate is the core under the marketization of the interest rate. Shibor is established for cultivating the standard rate in our country. It is essential to see whether Shibor can be the standard rate in our monetary market. In this paper, we will get solutions to this issue and make further suggestions by researching the relationship between Shibor and other market interest rates.


Molecular motors such as kinesin‐1 work in small teams to actively shuttle cargos in cells, for example in polarized transport in axons. Here, we examined the potential regulatory role of the nucleotide state of tubulin on the run length of cargos carried by multiple kinesin motors, using an optical trapping‐based in vitro assay. Based on a previous report that kinesin binds preferentially to GTP‐tubulin‐rich microtubules, we anticipated that multiple‐kinesin cargos would run substantially greater distances along GMPCPP microtubules than along GDP microtubules. Surprisingly, we did not uncover any significant differences in run length between microtubule types. A combination of single‐molecule experiments, comparison with previous theory, and classic microtubule affinity pulldown assays revealed that native kinesin‐1 does not bind preferentially to GTP‐tubulin‐rich microtubules. The apparent discrepancy between our observations and the previous report likely reflects differences in post‐translational modifications between the native motors used here and the recombinant motors examined previously. Future investigations will help shed light on the interplay between the motor's post‐translational modification and the microtubule's nucleotide‐binding state for transport regulation in vivo.


Hard hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a‐C:H) films were coated on amorphous silicon photoreceptors by the plasma decomposition of acetylene (C2H2). This overlayer proved to be a much better protective layer for the adsorption of external species compared to an a‐SiNx or a‐Si1−xCx overcoating layer, and the image degradation induced by such adsorption was considerably reduced. The highly protective properties were attributed to the hydrophobic nature of C–Hn (n=1–3) and C–C bonds contained in the a‐C:H film. The optical properties of the a‐C:H films are also described.


Objective :To evaluate the effect of 131I in the postoperative treatment of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Forty cases with well-differentiated advanced thyroid carcinoma were treated with radioactive 131I after total thyroidectomy and resection of cervical metastatic mass of lymph nodes. After the first dosage of 131l 33 cases revealed remains or metastatic mass in neck (20cases), lungs (11cases), bone (8cases),mediastinum(9cases),and others (8cases) .The patients were given I3II 3.76GBq or7.46GBq (100mCi or 200mCi)for one course and 1 - 15 times accordingly. Results: A follow-up of 3 months to 7 years showed 28 patients were cured while 8 improved, 1 worsened and 3 dead in clinical and 20 masses were disappeared while 22 reduced and 5 unchanged by 131l Conclusion : It was pointed out that 131l is helpful in the treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The indications and factors affecting therapeutic effect of 131l and management and significance of total thyroidectomy were also discussed.


Big data in agriculture is defined as massive volumes of data with a wide variety of sources and types which can be captured using internet of things sensors (soil and crops sensors, drones, and meteorological stations), analyzed and used for decision-making. In the era of internet of things (IoT) tools, connected agriculture has appeared. Big data outputs can be exploited by the future connected agriculture in order to reduce cost and time production, improve yield, develop new products, offer optimization and smart decision-making. In this article, we propose a functional framework to model the decision-making process in digital and connected agriculture.


Background: Family members play a major role in providing care giving assistance to patients with mentally illness and while providing care they may experience considerable amount of distress and may have a poor quality of life, if they are unable to cope with the stress associated with the process of caregiving. The effect of stressors on family members caring for a patient with mentally illness in the family has been referred to as caregiver's burden. Caregiver burden in mental illness can either be objective or subjective. Numerous studies have demonstrated that family caregivers of persons with a mental illness suffer from significant stresses, experience high levels of burden, and often receive inadequate assistance from mental health professionals. So this study was carried out to review the literature and to describe the psychosocial issues facing by family members of patients with mental illness. Method: An electronic search of articles from Google was conducted for articles published. The purpose of this article was to present a review of the literature related to families of persons with mental illness. There is general agreement in the literature that a multitude of psychosocial variables affect families of persons with mental illness. Therefore, this literature review examined the most frequently investigated variables such as family burden, stigma, stereotypes and prejudices, quality of Life, disability and dysfunction in family life and psychological distress as they are related to families and mental illness. Results: A systematization of information revealed the existence of significant stresses, experience high levels of burden, stigma, poor quality of life and various psychological strains while providing care to their ill relatives. Conclusions: The findings of this study urges the mental health care professionals to actively work with the caregivers of patients with psychiatric illness to decide suitable psychosocial intervention strategies to address their burden associated with mental illness, to improve their quality of life and enhance their coping skills which will in turn provide good quality of care to their mentally ill patients.


Background:Over the last decades, clinicians have aimed to design non-invasive, clinically useful instruments, to accurately measure and monitor disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To-date, multiple indices exist, some of which have been validated. In fact, researchers have been moving away from the Crohn's Disease Activity Index more towards patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and objective measures of disease, such as findings from endoscopy. PROs can be assessed for example by the SIBDQ, the short form of the IBDQ, a quality of life measure. It correlates well with disease activity indices. A lesser known tool for symptom assessment is the Dudley IBD Symptom Questionnaire (DISQ), a brief questionnaire which asks the patient to grade the severity of fifteen common symptoms on a 5 point scale. The DISQ is fast to complete without physicians input and was designed in 1994 for point-of-care symptom monitoring in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients. The DISQ is known to correlate well with the CDAI and has recently been validated for monitoring bowel symptoms in patients with spondyloarthropathies. The aim of this prospective study was therefore to evaluate the correlation between the DISQ and the SIBDQ, in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, as part of a larger project, entitled ALIVE: Adherence and Long-term IBD Value-added Effectiveness. Methods:For this prospective observational assessment, patients with a confirmed diagnosis of either Crohn's Disease or ulcerative colitis were recruited consecutively from the outpatient IBD clinic at a large Mid-Atlantic Tertiary referral center. Following consent, the patients were given the relevant questionnaires for completion- the SIBDQ and DISQ. The DISQ lists 15 IBD symptoms which the patients rate the severity of, from 1 (not present) to 5 (most severe). The SIBDQ consists of 10 questions that ask patients to rate how bothersome symptoms are, as a result of their IBD, from 1 (all of the time) to 7 (no trouble). The DISQ range is 15 to 75, whereby a lower score indicates better symptom control, and the SIBDQ range is 10 to 70, where higher scores indicate better symptom control. Data were analysed using SPSS v 17.0. A Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used for the analysis. Results:To date, a total of 78 subjects have enrolled, and are included in this analysis. The population is mostly young (mean age of 39), females (68%) with equal numbers of subjects with Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. The average SIBDQ score is 45.8, with an average DISQ of score of 26. A spearman rho correlation between the DISQ and SIBDQ scores was found to be −0.292, P = 0.005. Conclusions:The association between the 2 PRO measures, the DISQ and SIBDQ, was found to be a moderate negative association. The negative association was predicted as one instrument a low score reflects fewer symptoms (DISQ), whereas on the other instrument a high score reflects fewer symptoms. Both instruments are quick and simple point-of-care instruments to assess severity of symptoms by the patient. Further testing of both instruments is warranted.


Sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2) and SCP-x are ubiquitous proteins found in all mammalian tissues. Although both proteins interact with fatty acids, their relative contributions to the uptake, oxidation, and esterification of straight-chain (palmitic) and branched-chain (phytanic) fatty acids in living cells has not been resolved. Therefore, the effects of each gene product on fatty acid metabolism was individually examined. Based on the following, SCP-2 and SCP-x did not enhance the uptake/translocation of fatty acids across the plasma membrane into the cell: i) a 2-fold increase in phytanic and palmitic acid uptake was observed at long incubation times in SCP-2-and SCP-x-expressing cells, but no differences were observed at initial time points; ii) uptake of 2-bromo-palmitate, a nonoxidizable, poorly me-tabolizable fatty acid analog, was unaffected by SCP-2 or SCP-x overexpression; and iii) SCP-2 and SCP-x expression did not increase targeting of radiolabeled phytanic and palmitic acid to the unesterified fatty acid pool. Moreover, SCP-2 and SCP-x expression enhanced fatty acid uptake by stimulating the intracellular metabolism via fatty acid oxidation and esterification. In summary, these data showed for the first time that SCP-2 and SCP-x stimulate oxidation and esterification of branched-chain as well as straight-chain fatty acids in intact cells. —Atshaves, B. Sterol carrier protein-2/sterol carrier protein-x expression differentially alters fatty acid metabolism in L cell fibroblasts. Supplementary key words phytanic acid • palmitic acid • 2-bro-mopalmitate • fatty acid oxidation • fatty acid uptake Sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2) gene products (SCP-2 and SCP-x) have long been identified as sterol transport proteins [reviewed in ref. (1)]. More recent studies indicate that SCP-2 also functions in the uptake and esterifica-tion of straight-chain (e.g., oleic acid) fatty acids (FAs) (2), while SCP-x participates in the oxidation of branched-chain (e.g., phytanic acid) FAs (3, 4). However, almost nothing is known about the function of SCP-x in FA uptake or esterification. Likewise, the relative roles of SCP-2 versus SCP-x in straight-chain or branched-chain FA oxidation remain unresolved. Despite the lack of conclusive evidence, several observations point to an important role for SCP-2 and SCP-x in functioning in these capacities, including FA binding affinities where SCP-2 binds straight-chain FAs (5–11) and their metabolically active fatty acyl CoA derivatives (9, 12) to a high degree, as exhibited by K d s in the submicromolar and nM range, respectively. In addition, SCP-2 also binds branched-chain FAs such as phytanic or pristanic acid (9), as well as their respective acyl …


Introduction: The third wave of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is rising due to high-risk sexual behaviours in Iran. In spite of launching programs to combat HIV in Iran, condom use frequency has not yet reached the optimal level, especially in high-risk groups. The aim of this study was to assess the sexual protection behaviours and awareness among HIV-positive women. Material and methods: This descriptive study was performed on 100 HIV-positive women who referred to the Voluntary and Counselling Centre (VCT) in Tehran and were recruited using a purposive sampling method. Data collection was carried out using HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) awareness and sexual protection behaviour questionnaires. Results: Condom use was practiced only by 22.2% in all their vaginal and anal sexual intercourse during the three months, and 77.8% of the women never used condoms or failed to use them continuously. Their sexual partners were HIV-positive in 71% of cases. The mean ± SD of awareness score about HIV/AIDS was 7.60 ± 3.31, indicating average awareness of the subjects in the study. A total of 49.1% of the participants stated that their sexual partners' reluctance was the most important reason for non-use of condoms, while women were not willing to use condoms in 18.2% of cases. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated poor sexual protection behaviours in HIV-positive women. As a result, gender-based harm reduction programs to promote safe sexual behaviour, awareness level, and negotiation power for condom use in HIV-positive women is more important than ever. HIV AIDS Rev 2019; 18, 3: 215-221 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2019.88269


Numerous studies have shown that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) reduce cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke [1]. However, there also looms large, a residual risk in patients with and without cardiovascular disease in spite of the great benefit of statin therapy. Lower levels of HDL cholesterol are a strong independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies targeting HDL cholesterol in patients on statin therapy with Niacin therapy have shown to result in benefit, with regards to carotid atherosclerosis [intima media thickness (IMT)] [2]. However, other strategies are evolving with regards to targeting HDL cholesterol. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) basically transports cholesterol from HDL cholesterol to Apo B carrying particles and thus, inhibition of this protein would result in an increase in HDL cholesterol. The most recent is a class of drugs called CETP inhibitors.


Media portrayals of mental health services in the UK have focussed on the perceived inability of professionals to measure and manage risk. Policy makers have responded to public concern by making risk assessment a key component of mental health care. Research into risk and trust within mental health services has examined the way in which these discourses affect trust between service users and professionals. A common theme within the literature has been the notion that bureaucratic governance structures undermine trust between these groups. This paper will focus on the experiences of mentally disordered offenders subject to Ministry of Justice restrictions in the UK. This group of offenders have been identified by the courts as posing a high risk of harm to the public. Whilst mental health professionals are responsible for supervising the day to day care of this group; the Ministry of Justice retains overall responsibility for their management. This paper examines offenders' experiences of risk management procedures and their impact on their levels of trust toward both the Ministry of Justice and mental health professionals. In doing so it questions the extent to which governance structures undermine trust. The paper demonstrates that whilst offenders had no direct contact with the Ministry of Justice, they perceived the role of the Ministry in a number of ways. A first group of offenders believed that the Ministry of Justice had no role in the management of their case. A second group of offenders believed that their impact was significant, but perceived them as bureaucrats, concerned primarily with minimising offending risk. A third group of offenders viewed the Ministry as caring individuals, who were concerned to protect their welfare. In these cases, participants demonstrated trust towards Ministry of Justice staff at times seeing them as regulators of untrustworthy mental health professionals.


INTRODUCTION One of the most conspicuous changes in judicial policy toward the end of Xiao Yang's two terms (1999–2008) as president of the Supreme People's Court (SPC) was the retreat from a concerted period of civil justice reform, the origins of which can be traced back to 1979 and which was at its most intense during the decade prior to 2006. The hallmark of this recent change in approach has been a shift of priority from adjudicatory to mediatory justice. By 2006, the SPC had openly conceded the failure of judicial reform programs aimed at enhancing judicial professionalism. The SPC had also issued a series of judicial interpretations to steer the judiciary toward settlement of disputes through court-based mediation. Because of this policy change, local courts are revising their incentive mechanisms to encourage judges to privilege mediation in resolving disputes and to reward them for doing so. Judges and legal scholars are rediscovering the virtues of court-based mediation, including its efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and humanity. This chapter, in seven parts, studies this transition by examining the rise, demise, and partial resurgence of court mediation in Chinese justice. Section I details the development of the civil justice system of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and explains how its political marginalization helped create the space for its subsequent reform. Section II analyzes what might be termed phase one of the reform process, including the factors driving the striking shift from mediatory toward adjudicatory justice.


The necessity for the utmost reduction in the cost of their product is being pressed more determinedly upon the electric generating companies located in the smaller cities of the central west as the use of the electric current becomes more generalized. The extension and generalization of the use of current also goes hand in hand with, and is encouraged by reduction in the cost of the plant output, since a generating company may obviously increase its sales at a rapidly accelerating rate as the price of its product falls.


Establishing a sensitive and selective method to measure tryptophan in situ with good spatiotemporal resolution is invaluable to understanding its biological role and activity in nutrition, health, brain disorders, and the gut-brain axis. Here, we report on a sensitive and selective method to measure tryptophan over its main interfering species tyrosine. Specifically, we achieve this using fast scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes via the application of an optimized multi-scan rate sawhorse waveform. We report over four-fold increase in sensitivity over previously reported methods and a six-fold selectivity of tryptophan quantitation over that of tyrosine. We demonstrate the utility of our method via measuring extracellular Trp in cultured PC-12 cells and PC-12 cells with overexpressed tryptophan hydroxylase 2.


This effort describes laboratory evaluations of six alternative (nonpetroleum) jet fuel candidates derived from coal, natural gas, camelina, and animal fat. Three of the fuels were produced via Fischer−Tropsch (FT) synthesis, while the other three were produced via extensive hydroprocessing. The thermal stability, elastomer swell capability, and combustion emissions of the alternative jet fuels were assessed. In addition, detailed chemical analysis was performed to provide insight into their performance and to infer potential behavior of these fuels if implemented. The fuels were supplied by Sasol, Shell, Rentech, UOP, and Syntroleum Corporation. Chemical analyses show that the alternative fuels were comprised of mostly paraffinic compounds at varying relative concentrations, contained negligible heteroatom species, and were mostly aromatic-free. The six paraffinic fuels demonstrated superior thermal oxidative stability compared to JP-8, and therefore, have increased resistance to carbon formation when he...


Ground motions at sites close to a fault are sometimes affected by forward directivity, where the rupture energy arrives at the site in a form of a very short duration pulse. These pulses impose a heavy demand on structures located in the vicinity of the fault. In this research a probabilistic seismic demand analysis (PSDA) for a self-centering bridge is carried out. The bridge columns consisted of unbonded post-tensioned concrete filled fiber reinforced polymer tubes. A bridge model was developed and non-linear time history analyses were performed. Three different methodologies that use spectral accelerations to predict structural response was used and a time domain approach was used for PSDA. In addition to the three approaches, a time domain PSDA methodology was also used. The results of the PSDA from the four approaches are compared, and the advantages of using the time domain methodology are discussed. The results of the PSDA showed that for a site located very close to the fault (6 km in this study) even the smaller magnitude earthquakes can have significant contribution to the hazard because the periods of pulses generated by small magnitude earthquake coincide with the period of the bridge. Since the small magnitude events occur with greater frequency than large magnitude events they can have high contribution to the hazard. 1 PhD Candidate, The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech., firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Professor, Civil, Arch. and Environmental Eng. Dept., Missouri University S&T, Rolla, MO, United States, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com (Corresponding Author) 3 Professor, The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 17 September 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0311.v1 © 2018 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. 2


Chemistry![Figure][1]

CREDIT: NASA

Hydration of sulfur trioxide (SO3) to sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in Earth's atmosphere gives rise to acid rain as well as particle formation. A sound mechanistic understanding of this reaction is thus central to the chemistry of climate and pollution mitigation


Abstract The largest hailstone to strike a hailpad is often smaller than the largest hailstone observed in the immediate vicinity. This has given rise to some comment in the literature, but the apparent anomaly is only a trivial consequence of the observation process. However, relationships between these two types of maxima can be utilized via extreme value theory to make inferences concerning the largest hailstones beyond the immediate observation area.


The semi-blind LSCM-SUB(SB-LSCM-SUB) algorithm applied in the semi-blind MUD(Multi-user detection) of CDMA is studied.Compared to the blind CM algorithm and the decorrelation algorithm,the proposed semi-blind LSCM-SUB algorithm exhibits better SIR and BER performance,and is more robust when the system is heavily loaded.


Abstract Examination of the cross-section of the film on aluminum and its alloys, while attached to the metal, reveals that the second phase particles play an important part in the corrosion pattern. The 2S aluminum contains at least two types of second phase particles, one of which corrodes more rapidly while the other corrodes more slowly than the surrounding aluminum. The majority of second phase particles in the 157 alloy corrode more slowly than the surrounding aluminum. 6.4.2, 4.6.5, 3.2.3


The possibility of hydroxylamine electrochemical determination over a CoO(OH)-modified electrode, accompanied by complex-formation, has been studied from the theoretical point of view. The correspondent mathematical model has been developed and analyzed by means of linear stability theory and bifurcation analysis. It was shown that CoO(OH) may be applied as an efficient electrode modifier in the detection of hydroxylamine in neutral and slightly alkaline media. The electrochemical response has to be clear and easy to interpret. The possibility of the oscillatory and monotonic instabilities has also been verified.


ABSTRACT Ward and Keenan (1999, Child molesters' implicit theories. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(8), 821–838. doi: 10.1177/088626099014008003) hypothesised that some individuals who sexually offend against children have belief systems through which they perceive the world as an inherently dangerous place – labelled a dangerous world implicit theory (DWIT). Individuals with a DWIT are hypothesised to either (1) believe it is necessary to punish women and/or children who are perceived as threatening, or (2) see children as more accepting than adults, and as capable of understanding and gratifying the individual's needs and desires. In two online studies (N = 113 and N = 123) we examined the possible overlap between the DWIT and four other constructs: hostile attribution bias, hostile sexism, emotional congruence with children, and a 'children as sexual beings' implicit theory. Results suggest that identifying with an individual holding DWIT overlaps considerably with some of the other constructs, but not with hostile attribution bias – a finding that ran counter to our hypotheses.


Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring, $N$ a finitely generated $R$-module and $I$ an ideal of $R$. The set $\bar{Q^*}(I, N)$, the quintasymptotic primes of $I$ with respect to $N$, was originally introduced by McAdam \cite{Mc2}. Also, the ideal $I_a^{(N)}$, the integral closure of $I$ with respect to $N$, was introduced by R.Y. Sharp et al. in \cite{STY}. The purpose of this paper is to show that, whenever $S$ is a multiplicatively closed subset of $R$ then the topologies defined by $\{(I^n)_a^{(N)}\}_{n\geq1}$ and $\{S((I^n)_a^{(N)})\}_{n\geq1}$ are equivalent if and only if $S$ is disjoint from the quintasymptotic primes of $I$ with respect to $N$. In addition, using this result, we also show that, if $(R, \mathfrak{m})$ is local and $N$ is quasi-unmixed, then the local cohomology module $H^{\dim N}_I(N)$ vanishes if and only if there exists a multiplicatively closed subset $S$ of $R$ such that $\mathfrak{m} \cap S \neq \emptyset$ and the topologies induced by $\{(I^n)_a^{(N)}\}_{n\geq1}$ and $\{S((I^n)_a^{(N)})\}_{n\geq1}$ are equivalent. As a special of this characterization we obtain the main result of Marti-Farre \cite{MF}.


The high expression of somatostatin receptors in many tumours, have made receptor scintigraphy with 111In-DTPA-Octreotide a widly used procedure in nuclear medicine. Despite its clinical success, some limitation and drawbacks of radiolabelling with 111In remain, especially those concerned with the cost, availability and physical decay properties of this radionuclide. 99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-Tyr3-TOC was studied as a new agent with the potential to replace Octreoscan in somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. This hydrazinonicotinic acid derivatized somatostatin complex contains ethylenediamine N,N diacetic acid ( EDDA ) as a co-ligand resulting in a high in vitro and in vivo stability. High labeling yields ( >90% ) were achieved at high specific activities. Charactrization via HPLC, biodistribution and receptor binding of the resulting complex are described. The formulation developed enables rapid and simple labeling of 99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-TOC in a manner suitable for clinical setting.


The oncogenic cells require ionizing radiation for radio-therapeutics because it forms electrically charged particles or ions. These ions remove electrons from the atom and molecules which in turn either causes cell death or genetic changes that curbs cell growth. For deeper penetration into the tissues greater energy in needed. A neutron mostly has no charge. Neutron beam radiation can sometimes help when other forms of radiation therapy don't work. Neutrons have high biological effectiveness so it requires about one third dose as compare to photons, electrons and proton. Neutron beams are produced by a large and expensive particle accelerator that is known as cyclotron. Cyclotron accelerator produces the protons. The powerful magnets bend and aim the beam to strike a beryllium target, this interaction produces neutrons. The neutron beam radiotherapy is powerful, specialized and highly effective form of external beam radiotherapy that can control the large tumours because unlike low Linear Energy Transfer (LET) radiation, it does not depend upon the presence of oxygen to kill the malignant cells. This review highlights the principle mechanism of action of neutron beam therapy (NBT), advantages, limitations and it's amazing application in the management of malignancies.


Abstract: We report a rare case of granular cell tumor of the stomach resected endoscopically. The patient was a 53‐year‐old man who visited our clinic because of a protruding lesion incidentally found by X‐ray examination of the stomach at a mass screening. Endoscopic examination revealed an apparent submucosal tumor at the anterior wall of the upper body of the stomach. An endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) study showed that the tumor was a hypoechoic lesion localized in the third layer (submucosal layer). On resection, a lesion measuring 6X5X3 mm was found to be localized in the submucosa. It was histologically diagnosed as granular cell tumor, which is quite uncommon in the stomach with only 44 cases having been reported to date.


The objective of this work was to study the in vitro organogenesis of Citrullus lanatus, by the induction of adventitious buds in cotyledon segments cultured in medium supplemented with cytokinin. Explants were collected from one, three and five-day-old in vitro germinated seedlings, considering the distal and proximal cotyledon regions. The data obtained showed that in vitro organogenesis of watermelon occurred with higher efficiency, when cotyledon segments from the proximal region collected from three-day-old seedlings were cultivated in medium MS, supplemented with BAP (1 mg L-1) and coconut water (10%). The histological study showed that the organogenesis occurs directly, without callus formation, on epidermal and subepidermal layers of the explants. Adventitious shoots were characterized by the development of shoot apical meristem and leaf primordia. The formation of protuberances, that do not develop into adventitious buds, was also observed.


The author defines the election process as a criterial amount of people power. Its development is possible only with consideration of pre-election and post-election technologies in total.


In the present study, the transverse free vibration of intermediately supported nanobeams is investigated in the framework of size-dependent nonlocal strain gradient theory. Unlike the classical elasticity theory, nonlocal strain gradient theory considers the micro/nano scale effects in mechanical analysis of size-dependent structures. The potential and kinetic energies have been derived for the nanobeam model and the Ritz method has been used to determine the natural frequencies of intermediately supported nanobeams. A cantilever nanobeam model with intermediate support is considered in the analysis. By changing the position of the intermediate support, dimensionless vibration frequencies of the nanobeam model have been obtained. Obtained results from the present nonlocal strain gradient theory showed that hardening or softening material responses have been observed according to the classical elasticity theory depending on the magnitude of the material length scale parameter and nonlocal scale parameter. This mechanical behavior can provide an advantage to designers while modeling the micro/nanostructures. Present results can be used for the design of nano-sensors, nanotube-based resonators, and oscillators.


This written report deals with the elaboration and applicability of a Public Archeology Program associated to Patrimonial Education actions in the communities that are in the surroundings of the Seridó Parelhas / Carnaúba dos Dantas RN adductor system. The Seridó Area has high archaeological potential, although the region is the second in the Northeast in terms of the number of sites with paintings and rock engravings, the category of National Park of permanent preservation has not yet been elevated. Thus, the Applied Project intends to recognize the belonging of the local community in relation to that Patrimony, since its valorization is one of the guarantees of safeguard of the sites. The activities were carried out in Elementary and Middle schools of the respective localities, as well as in the Quilombola Community of Boa Vista dos Negros, having as a guiding thread the valuation and identification of the students with the local patrimony. It was possible to verify that the sense of belonging and appreciation of the local patrimony was emphasized in the students, professors and members of the communities, through lectures, workshops and exhibition of archaeological artifacts, where an interaction was verified between the target public and the multidisciplinary team. The result of Patrimonial Education was obtained through its continuity, permeated by an exchange of knowledge between the spectators and their relatives, in order to become guardians in the protection of the local cultural patrimony.


The most important and worldwide utilized nanomaterial is silver metal nanoparticle which after synthesis changed to colloidal or powdered form. After successful characterization different sizes of these particles measured if intermixed and confirmed to different size ranges. Different sizes segregates into various size groups. Specific small or large size silver in powder form also readily available in market for various applications and experiments after biological or herbal synthesis and characterization. 1 to 20 nm size ranges are grouped under inconsiderable or smaller size range whereas 20 to 100 nm size ranges or above sizes are grouped under considerable or bigger size range. Following serial oral ingestion for experiment, aqueous and magnetic stirred synthesized AgNps of less than 20 nm of null account size accumulate in mature and developing kidneys of pregnant Swiss Albino mice and their freshly born fetuses after passing through blood vessels of pregnant mice and after absorption from gastro intestinal tract and accumulate in mature kidney due to trap inside. These particles also crosses blood placental barrier reaches fetus body in womb and accumulate in developing kidney due to same mechanism. These particles also surprisingly execute sex specific corrosive manifestation. We have examined the corrosive and hazardous effect of 10 gestational days (5 to 15 gestational days) serial oral bolus ingestion of 2.75 to 18.5 nm size range AgNps colloidal solution in a lower dose of 0.35 (1), 0.55 (2) mg/kg. b.w, in an in between dose of 4 (3), 8 (4) mg/ kg. b.w. and in a higher dose of 12 (5) and 16 (6) mg/kg. b.w. treatment on mature and developing right and left kidneys of pregnant mice and fetuses. Groups were designated as 1(Control); 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 (Treated). At lower dose we report negligible histological findings and at higher bolus dose we report marked histological findings. This particular size range group silver nano particles (AgNps) treatment turns into insignificant reduction in kidney weight and height at higher dose, with some hemorrhagic focuses along with histological alterations. Predominantly agenesis and severe atrophy of renal corpuscles, increase of urinary space, generalized anasarca of podocytes, degeneration and dysmorphology with congestion of proximal convoluted tubules and distal convoluted tubules, loss of brush border membranes and damage of squamous epithelium of loop of Henley with severe congestion in medullary rays and collecting ducts are observed in routine histology. The in between dose demonstrated in between results. These manifestations are found quite same to chronic and acute renal failure with hematuria. All these alterations, in prolong sustain, could land up to beginning of apoptosis and progress of cell necrosis in these vital organs.


Space resolved Stark spectroscopy is introduced as a non invasive optical technique for imaging electric field distribution in organic semiconductors. Stark spectroscopy relies on the electric field induced change in the absorption/reflection. It is shown that local monitoring of Stark shift with confocal spatial resolution provides quantitative information on the strength of the local field as well as charge distribution within the transport channel.


The utility model discloses a high-pressure fine water mist closed-type spray head. An ejector rod (3) is located in a spray head body (1); one end of the ejector rod (3) is placed against one end of a temperature sensing glass ball (2); the other end of the temperature sensing glass ball (2) is located in a temperature sensing hole (1-1); a joint (5) is mounted at one end of the spray head body (1); a water flow channel (5-1) is arranged on the joint (5); the other end of the ejector rod (3) is located in the water flow channel (5-1); the two ends of the spring (4) are respectively placed against an annular boss (3-1) of the ejector rod (3) and one end of the joint (5); and a group of nozzles (6) is respectively mounted in a group of nozzle mounting holes and located at a group of water flow branch channels (1-2). The high-pressure fine water mist closed-type spray head disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and good atomization effect, realizes fine particle size of the sprayed waster mist, and can improve the fire extinguishing effect of a fine water mist fire extinguishing system and save the fire extinguishing water.


Short-circuit faults in windings due to the deterioration of insulation is one of the most common faults in motor drive systems. An easy and effective fault diagnosis method is urgently required to ensure a highly reliable operation. This paper proposes a new means of identifying a stator slot in which a short-circuit fault has occurred. This study first analyzed the phenomenon after the occurrence of a short-circuit fault in winding. As the result, the magnetic field in the stator of motor was found to have changed after the occurrence of the short-circuit fault and it was clear that a change of magnetic field was affected by the frequency of voltage applied to the winding. Based on this phenomenon, a new method of identifying slots in which a short-circuit fault has occurred is proposed. Next, in order to measure the magnetic flux density emanating from windings inserted each slot, a small magnetic flux density sensor is prototyped. Finally, by using this sensor, magnetic flux density of each slot directly above are measured, the effectiveness of proposed method is verified.


Global warming caused by carbon emissions is a central concern across the world. Given the immense contribution of Northeast China to total carbon dioxide emissions, this study explores the driving forces of carbon emissions in that region from the perspective of investment-related factors, applying a logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) model. We assess the driving forces on carbon emissions using a temporal LMDI model and explore interregional differences using a spatial LMDI model. The main findings are as follows. First, the trajectory of investment evolution is consistent with the mitigation of carbon emissions, which indicates that investment-related factors have a significant impact on carbon emissions. Second, the region's carbon emissions are mainly generated by industry in Inner Mongolia and Liaoning, which suggests that the industry structure in Inner Mongolia should be adjusted to improve its coal-based energy consumption. In Liaoning, in contrast, the investment efficiency effect is a major driving force, which suggests that the regional investment structure should be adjusted to generate a more significant and orderly momentum. Lastly, although the impact of industry structure on carbon emission mitigation has significantly increased over time in Northeast China, local policy needs to be updated regularly. In line with these findings, several potential suggestions are offered for the formulation of practical and appropriate guidelines by the regional government.


In this paper, we study and compare three different but related types of metadata about Web documents: social annotations provided by readers of Web documents, hyperlink anchor text provided by authors of Web documents, and search queries of users trying to find Web documents. We introduce a large research data set called CABS120k, which we have created for this study from a variety of information sources such as AOL500k, the Open Directory Project, del.icio.us/Yahoo!, Google and the WWW in general. We use this data set to investigate several characteristics of said metadata including length, novelty, diversity, and similarity and discuss theoretical and practical implications.


Plant growth is impressed by biotic and abiotic stress inversely. There are many reports about proteins change level in salinity stress. Leaves fill up more soluble sugar of glucose, fructose and proline with treatment of salicylic acid. In this study, Citrullus lanatus seeds planted in pots containing perlite were put in a growth chamber under controlled conditions of 30 ±2 °Cand 14 ±2 °Ctemperature, 14h lightness and 10h darkness; NaCl concentration of 0,4,8,12 ds/m and salicylic acid concentration of 0,1,2,4 mM were used in the form of factorial experiment in a complete randomized design (CRD). The results demonstrated that increasing of proline and sugars due to osmotic slope in plants lead to increasing of tolerance against dehydrations of leave content and acceleration of plant developments in stress conditions.


This webinar explains what BPM is, how it links to your existing continuous improvement strategy and how to successfully deploy it. Please join us for this exciting new webinar brought to you by the ASQ Six Sigma Forum.


This research paper aims to determine the trend and growth performance of commodity-wise export and import over the last two decades. At first, the trends of import, export and trade balance over 2007-2012 are shown graphically and discussed , then the major trading partners of Bangladesh in the FY 2011-2012 are shown graphically and then trends and patterns of commodity-wise exports and imports from 1990-2011 are shown graphically and discussed. After that the growth performances of commodity-wise imports and exports over the whole period 1990-2011 are found out and discussed and then the growth performances of commodity-wise imports and exports in phase I (1990 to 2000) are compared with that of phase II (2001-2011), using exponential growth model. At last, using dummy variable technique it is found out in which phase tD-e growth performances of the commodity imported and exported were better.


The study relates to brown coals from the Kansk-Achinsk Coalfield which were extracted with a mixture of ethylene-diamine and dimethylformamide. This mixture was found to fractionate the organic substance of the brown coals into typical extracts and residues in terms of chemical composition and properties. The paper demonstrates how the yields of extracts and the composition of the separated fractions are distinctively related to the behaviour of the initial coal during hydrogenation.


The paper presented in 1898 by F. W. Lockwood (a) provided a detailed description of the many and varied factors contributing to the health and welfare of the population of Belfast, and (b) took a forward look as to where improvements could be foreseen. This paper considers the issues which were raised almost a hundred years ago and assesses the changes and developments in the fields of politics, legislation, demography, topography, water, sewerage, environmental health, public health, waste management and housing. It is likely that Lockwood would be satisfied by the overall improvement to people's general health and their environment, although the utopia he wished for is still some way off.


To evaluate the usefulness of the contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) in diagnosing focal liver lesions (FLLs) by inexperienced radiologists.


In order to determine uranium concentrations in limestone sediments selected for geologic dating by the thermoluminescence method, a new procedure for uranium analysis by neutron activation was developed. The 5.27-day Xe/sup 133/, formed by the thermal neutron fission of U/sup 235/, is isolated from most fission product contamination by combustion of the limestone with tantalum. It is then separated from other noble gases by gas chromatography, and assayed by gas proportional counting. This technique, suitable for general application to uranium in most materials, is sensitive to approximately 10/sup -10/ gram with a precision of plus or minus 4%. The technique can be adapted readily for other neutron activation analyses which involve measurement of noble gas radioactivities. (auth)


Abstract Understand the behavior of Fuzzy Rule-based Systems (FRBSs) at inference level is a complex task that allows the designer to produce simpler and powerful systems. The fuzzy inference-grams –known as fingrams– establish a novel and mighty tool for understanding the structure and behavior of fuzzy systems. Fingrams represent FRBSs as social networks made of nodes representing fuzzy rules and edges representing the degree of interaction between pairs of rules at inference level (no edge means no significant interaction). We can analyze fingrams obtaining helpful information such as detecting potential conflicts between rules, unused rules and redundant ones. This paper introduces a new module for fingram generation and analysis included in the free software tool GUAJE. This tool aims to design, analyze and evaluate fuzzy systems with good interpretability-accuracy trade-off. In addition, GUAJE includes several intuitive and interactive tutorials to uncover the possibilities it offers. One of them ge...


With the rapid development of society, traditional teaching models can no longer adapt to the modern social demand, and the online teaching is widely applied in all disciplines as an emerging model, which has completely changed the traditional teaching structure and obtained significant effects. Meanwhile, the cloud computing plays an important role in the educational teaching through its extensive application in various fields. In this article, influencing factors are firstly explained on the online mathematics teaching system of colleges and universities; then, characteristics of cloud computing are analyzed; next, from 2 aspects – cloud computing-aided teaching to enrich in-class teaching content and micro-class teaching to motivate students in learning, a design path is proposed to the online mathematics teaching system of colleges and universities and an evaluation system is offered to be set up for the cloud computing-based online mathematics teaching system of colleges and universities. In this way, the learning efficiency of students and the teaching quality by teachers will be both improved.


The increase in labor force participation of women, and particularly of mothers from two-parent families, has been accompanied by significant changes in family structures. Although the traditional family is no tong =. the norm, many social perspectives and policies reflect the beliethat it is and do not meet the needs of dual-employed families. Dual-employed couples experience problems of work and role overload, identity and normative stressors stemming from traditional sex-role stereotypes, and difficulties in coordinating daily schedules. Societal changes which would increase the quantity and quality of all kinds of services (educational, domestic, child care, etc.) would strengthen dual-employed family living. Institutional changes which would increase the flexibility of the occupational structure would also aid significantly in reducing stress in dual-employed families. Flexible scheduling, increased availability of part-time employment, on-site day care, and parental leaves are some of the occupational changes which would enable individuals to combine work and family roles with less strain. Social changes which would benefit dual-employed families involve a re-evaluation of the traditional career path model, nondiscriminatory employment opportunities, comparable worth legislation, and a change in marriage tax laws. (NRB) *******************************************************************k*** Reproductions supplie0 by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************M**********A


We examine the entanglement dynamics of two initially entangled qubits coupled to independent photon reservoirs and undergoing continuous matter-state–photon population transitions. We represent the decay and replenishment of matter-based bit states via photons by time-dependent generalized conversion functions. For the specific case of a sinusoidal function, we show that sudden death events in qubit–qubit entanglement anti-correlate (correlate) exactly with sudden birth events in photon–photon entanglement for the symmetric (anti-symmetric) mode of quantum conversions. We show the invariance in dynamics of all possible bipartite concurrences for various configurations of qubit–reservoir systems and highlight its crucial role in identifying a global concurrence of the multipartite system. We study the coherently driven quantum dot-cavity system as a specific application of our approach, including an analysis of evolution of its Meyer–Wallach measure with time.


Double vanadium atoms doped silicon clusters V2Sin (n ≤ 12) and their anionic species were investigated using the Perdew–Burke–Enzerhof (PBE) method combined with the ABCluster algorithm. The growth patterns of the most stable structures of neutral V2Sin and their anions are seen to derive from V2Sin-1 by absorbing a silicon atom. Their simulated photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), vertical detachment energy (VDE), adiabatic electron affinity (AEA), relative stability, and charge transfer were also calculated. With the exception of V2Si3, the average absolute errors of VDE and AEA are 0.12 and 0.165 eV compared with the available experimental values. Both neutral and anionic V2Si10 clusters possessed high stability and low chemical reactivity. Compared with neutral molecules, the 3d orbital of negatively charged ions had fewer electrons due to the arrangement of extra-nuclear electrons in anionic clusters belonging to the open-shell. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The present investigation was focused on the effects and interactions of media components on the production of β-carotene by Rhodotorula graminis. Mannitol, potassium nitrate, yeast extract, monopotassium hydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate medium components were screened using Plackett Burman Design to identify critical factors. Initial pH of 5.5 of the medium was found to be optimum for β-carotene production. Results suggest that higher amounts of mannitol, yeast extract, potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate would positively affect both biomass and β-carotene accumulation. Yeast extract was critical for both β-carotene and biomass accumulation. Central composite design was used to study the impact of interaction of mannitol and yeast extract on biomass accumulation and β-carotene production. Concentration of yeast extract was found more significant than mannitol for β-carotene production. From predicted values obtained using fitted binomial equations, it was seen that mannitol should be used in the range of 10 to 20 g/L and yeast extract in the range of 9.5 to 10 g/L to achieve a biomass of 3.8 to 4.3 g/L and a β-carotene content of 190 to 220 µg/L. Key words : Mannitol, yeast extract, Plackett Burman Design (PBD), central composite design, response surface methodology, yeast, β-carotene.


The performance of A Life for the Tsar at the Teatro Dal Verme in Milan (20th May 1874) coincided with another very important event in the history of music: the first performance of the Messa da Requiem by Giuseppe Verdi on 22nd May 1874 in the Church of San Marco in Milan. The clamour about the two Milanese events was huge and the critics did not miss the chance to either support or reject Verdi's and Glinka's compositions. According to the German reviewer and composer, Hans von Bulow, the Italian public paid very little attention to the extraordinary performance of Glinka's opera, a real example of "culture", instead of that they preferred the Latin "barbarity" of Verdi's Requiem. However, it is clear that Bulow's debate and his predilection for Glinka's opera are biased and aim to justify the "anxiety" of certain German critics felt about Verdi's personality. Furthermore it is interesting to note that Russian opera is accepted as an aesthetic and ideological canon, and is thus viewed as an alternative to the Western culture and in particular to Wagnerian Musikdrama. The aim of this paper is to explore key aspects of the first Italian performance of Glinka's A Life for the Tsar, in particular the role of the Baroness Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Gorchakova, who sponsored the stage production and the libretto's translation, the impact of this opera on the Italian public and the historical and political background in combination with the problems in post-unification Italy.


795 establish initial convergence, the primary control system was engaged and a series of inputs was applied to demonstrate the performance of the adaptation logic. The pilot was not given an indication of angle of bank during the r u n , This resulted in a rolling supersonic dive (M = 1.03). The altitude transition during the run was from 20 OOO to So00 ft. As in the longitudinal case, the performance of the adaptive system can be observed during the time intervals when the system is engaged. The uniformity of the roll rate response during engagement can be observed by comparing the steady-state roll rate at 20, 60, 80, and 1 0 0 s. Note the variability of the steady-state roll rate during time intervals where the primary control system is not engaged (e.%. at 5, 40, and 120 s). Note also that the surface commands required to realize the uniform roll rate responses vary considerably during the run. During the run, inputs were also made in rudder to examine the dutch roll adaptation characteristics. The dutch roll mode is observed to maintain a 0.7 damping ratio by examining the sideslip angle response to rudder inputs at times of 30,63, 83, and 110 s. These can be compared with the unaugmented responses at 10 and 50 s. This paper describes the moving window adaptive control concept whch has been developed as a candidate for flight test on the NASA FI-DFBW aircraft. Included are studies of the effects of auxiliary dither inputs to aid identification, data base size, measurement noise, and other design considerations. Results were presented indating the performance of the system in a nonlinear six-degee-of-freedom simulation of an F-8C aircraft. This study has shown that when there is sufficient motion of the aircraft, the adaptive algorithm converges to a h e a r mathematical model of the aircraft. Furthermore, it was shown that once these parameters have passed specified convergence criteria they may be used in an algebraic calculation of feedback and feedforward gains which satisfy certain flying quality requirements. Extensive simulation studies must be made before the moving window parameter adaptive control system can be recommended for flight test; however, results presented here indicate that the system is promising and should be evaluated further. One item requiring further evaluation and possible modification is the suitability of the mode of operation of the process without dither. Design of …


Arabic teaching-learning is essential for social communication needs as well. It is a language in which al-Qur'an and Hadith became the primary source of all knowledge. Reading skill mastery included reading Arabic text, which is compulsory because it contributes to improving receptive skills that need adequate vocabulary and syntactic comprehension for good reading. This research proposed to elaborate teaching implementation of Arabic text reading using 'linguistic analysis' to conduct it using a descriptive method. The study resulted that the teaching Arabic text reading at the University of Darussalam Gontor used taught in five steps as follows: Short explanation about three features of Arabic linguistic analysis (I'rab): function (mauqi'), declension (hukm), and the sign of declension ('alāmah), Determining kind of sentence (nominal or verbal) to determine functions of each word of the sentence, Determining and organizing those functions into a subject, predicate and complement to determine their declension, Determining signs of declension based on their declensions and word category (shinfu'l kalimah), Determining attachment of reduction (muta'allaq al-jarr al-ashli) and declension in place (I'rab mahalli).


In this study, we investigated and compared the total phenolic, alkaloid content and i n-vitro antioxidant activity of Leucas aspera collected from four different regions; Tirupathi (Southern zone), Lam (Krishna river region), Jagityala (Northern Telangana) and Hyderabad (Southern Telangana) of Andhra Pradesh, India. Quantitative regional variation was observed in total phenolic content, and alkaloid content in methanolic extracts of Leucas aspera from above four regions of Andhra Pradesh. Concentration dependent antioxidant activity was observed for all these extracts and also observed regional variation for scavenging of Superoxide, Hydroxyl and DPPH radicals. Among the four regions, Leucas aspera from Jagityala region contains more phenolic content (48.06±0.4µg/100 µg), Tirupathi region contains good alkaloid content (58.6±0.1µg/mg) and Hyderabad zone showed better free radical scavenging activity (IC 50 value for superoxide radical 156.34µg, Hydroxyl radical 122.34µg and DPPH radical 57.12µg respectively).


Abstract : The AFGROW COM Server allows users to perform automated crack growth life analyses using Microsoft Component Object Model (COM) technology. AFGROW may be called by any Windows software that is COM aware (Microsoft Office using Visual BASIC for Applications, Visual BASIC, Visual C++, Borland C++, and many others). This manual describes the use of the COM capabilities currently included in the crack growth life prediction software, AFGROW.


The goal of D 3.08 to which this paper contributes, is to examine whether financialisation has tended to increase price instability in international energy markets, generating 'price bubbles', and whether these markets have been significant transmitters of the effects of the financial crisis. The paper starts by briefly outlining the evolution of energy markets' regulation (oil, natural gas, coal and electricity) in Europe and in OECD countries, from the late 1990 to now, with the aim of establishing whether liberalization has led to 1) price reductions, and 2) increased price (?) volatility. Empirical evidence suggest that in all energy markets, since the 2000s, prices rose dramatically and volatility increased slightly However, the most remarkable result is that in the 21st century, prices of energy commodities began to be locked to the price of oil, showing a level of correlation not seen in previous decades. A possible explanation for the synchronization of energy prices with oil price lies in the "commodity bubble" in futures markets that occurred in the second half of the 2000s. Nevertheless, according to most of the existing literature, oil markets in the long run still seem to be dominated by spot markets rather than future markets, indicating that fundamentals are pivotal in determining the price of oil. In order to test this, we performed an analysis of the dynamical Hurst exponent of two crude oil (WTI and Brent) prices, spot and futures, from the 1980s to now, on a daily basis, aimed at assessing the long memory (autocorrelation) of returns.


Abstract The three major French Romantic poets — Lamartine, Vigny, and Hugo — suggested as well as proclaimed humanitarian ideals. They framed their messages with the familiar doctrines of Catholicism, adapting these beliefs to a post-Christian message in which the visionary poet rather than Jesus implicitly served as the chief mediator for justifying God. They implied social values by contrasting leitmotifs of persecution and innocence, and by featuring innocence more prominently. In a century of political and religious turmoil, both the monarchy and the Church had failed to ensure justice. Lamartine's Jocelyn and La Chute d'un ange, Vigny's Journal d'un Poète, and Hugo's La Légende des Siècles and L'Art d'être grand-père depict suffering victims to make readers uneasy with the status quo. Lamartine aims mainly to elicit sympathy. Vigny at times suggests, in addition, that readers may risk incurring the characters' fate. But it is Hugo who most richly integrates his personal experience with universal appeals to empathy, culminating in the successful life review and reminiscence of his neglected final masterpiece, L'Art d'être grand-père (1877).


. In this paper, we prove the existence and regularity results of positive solutions for anisotropic elliptic problems with variable exponents and a singular nonlinearity having also a variable exponent. The functional setting involves anisotropic Sobolev spaces with variable exponents.


The study will present contributions at several levels: literature and practice. It makes contributions to the literature on relationships between sustainability practices and sustainability report and the regulation and institutionalization of sustainability practices and reporting for SDGs. Also, our study contributes to a better understanding of the role of Iberian Foundations as partners in achieving the Global Goals and their contribution to the effective, responsible and transparent development of institutions for United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.


Although many matching algorithms have been proposed to improve the matching efficiency of the content-based publish/subscribe system, existing work seldom consider the real-time of event dissemination from the perspective of event matching. On the basis of two existing matching algorithms, in this paper, we propose a subscription-classifying and structure-layering (SCSL) optimization method for matching algorithms, aiming to improve real-time by shortening the determining time of matching subscriptions. The basic idea of SCSL is that subscriptions with high matching probabilities should be processed first in the process of event matching and their storage positions in the data structure should be adjusted in line with changing probabilities. One challenge of SCSL is the trade-off that needs to be made between the gains of improving real-time performance by identifying matching subscriptions earlier and the cost of increasing matching time due to subscription classification and adjustment. We design a concise scheme to classify subscriptions, establish a lightweight adjustment mechanism to deal with dynamics and propose an efficient greedy algorithm to compute the adjustment solution, which alleviates the impact of SCSL on matching performance. The experiment results show that the 95th percentile of the determining time of matching subscriptions is improved by about 70%. Furthermore, we integrate SCSL into Apache Kafka to augment it as a content-based publish/subscribe system and test the effect of SCSL based on real-world stock trace data, which witnesses about 40% improvement on the average event transfer latency and confirms that SCSL can effectively improve the real-time performance of content-based publish/subscribe systems.


Interest in multilevel modeling has exploded over the past two decades, and research applying these statistical models has become more common in educational measurement contexts. Several textbooks have emerged that introduce both the theory and application of these models and are quite useful for providing a broad overview of the model and estimation techniques as well as illustrating applications to educational research (Goldstein, 2002; Hox, 2002; Kreft & de Leeuw, 1998; Raudenbush & Bryk, 2001; Snijders & Bosker, 1999). Many of these introductory texts tend to focus on linear models (e.g., Kreft & de Leeuw, 1998; Raudenbush & Bryk, 2001) and illustrate the concept of model building with linear models. Nonlinear models and novel applications of multilevel models are addressed in these books, but these topics are typically not explored to the extent of linear multilevel models. This book augments these introductory texts by providing a collection of works outlining the recent statistical advances, methodological issues, and applications that have been identified in multilevel modeling. The topic of multilevel modeling is considered more broadly, including topics in structural equation modeling, latent trait models, meta-analysis, and growth models. Furthermore, the methodological topics treated are diverse and cover such areas as missing data, Bayesian data analysis, the EM algorithm, and detection and treatment of outliers. The book is composed of 13 chapters that are written by internationally recognized researchers. Each chapter provides a description of the problem considered as well as helpful examples that illustrate each application. As the preface states, many of the book chapters involve discussions that would necessitate the reader to have a fairly sophisticated level of knowledge of not only multilevel models but mathematical statistics as well. The authors suggest that this text could be useful as a supplemental text for an introductory multilevel models course. This might be a little optimistic, especially if the focus is on application in such a course; these students would likely have a difficult time with the majority of the material. However, this book would be right at home in an advanced seminar on multilevel models and would provide the basis of discussion for a good many topics that would arise in such a seminar. Chapter 1. Cudeck and du Toit present nonlinear multilevel models that are specifically used with repeated-measures data in describing individual change. The manner in which the parameters


The Hu Line for population distribution in China has been regarded as one of the greatest geographical discoveries in China because it reveals the significant spatial characteristics of China's human- land relationship. Thus, the stability and significance for spatial development of Hu Line have become a major concern after the dramatic economic and social changes since China's reform and opening- up in 1978. With the support of GIS, this paper conducts a statistical analysis and systematic investigation on the stability and spatial patterns of population growth on both sides of Hu Line by constructing the spatial database of China's census data from 1982 to 2010 and initiating a new method for identifying the spatial patterns of population growth. The findings are as follows:(1) The Hu Line has been rather stable, while a new tendency of population change has emerged. On the whole, the ratio of population on both sides of Hu Line has roughly been kept at 94:6(the southeastern side: the northwestern side) in the last 30 years. However, the proportion of population on the southeastern side of Hu Line has been slightly decreasing, while that on the northwestern side of Hu Line has been slightly increasing, which is benefited from its higher rate of natural population growth.(2) The spatial patterns of population growth on both sides of Hu Line were quite different. The agglomeration degree of population distribution on the southeastern side of Hu Line increased greater. The areas with negative population growth rate have rapidly expanded, mainly located south of the Qinling Mountains- Huaihe River line and the northeastern China, while the areas with the fast population growth rate concentrated in the areas such as the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and Beijing- Tianjin metropolitan region. Thus, the spatial pattern of population growth on the southeastern side of Hu Line presented an aggregating and diffusion mode of Matthew effect.(3) The spatial pattern of population growth on the northwestern side of Hu Line could be referred as the relative balance type. In this region, the positive rate of population growth and the lower agglomeration degree of population have been identified. There were lots of ethnic groups located on the northwestern side of Hu Line, and they generally lived dispersedly but with a higher rate of natural population growth due to preferential population policy. However, there were also some areas with negative rate of population growth on the northwestern side of Hu Line and they were mainly distributed close to the Hu Line and new Eurasia Land Bridge.(4) In the future,the spatial patterns of population growth on both sides of Hu Line will continue to change. On the southeastern side of Hu Line, the capacity of population agglomeration for those small and medium- sized cities and towns should be enhanced. As for the northwestern side of Hu Line,the emphasis should be placed on promoting its urbanization and enhancing the capacity of population agglomeration for major cities.


This study sought to x-ray the status of human resource development for STM education in Nigerian secondary schools, as it affects Yobe State. Survey research was adopted in the study. Proportionate and simple random sampling were used to obtain samples of science ,technology and mathematics teachers (84) and science laboratory assistants (30) that were used for the study. The instrument for data collection was Questionnaires, and data collected was analyzed using percentages. Result of data analysis showed, among others, that the STM teachers and laboratory assistants were not sufficiently exposed to in-service training opportunities to enable them improve on their on-the job performance. It was recommended, among others, that the state government should embark on a sustainable program of capacity building for the serving STM educators and the laboratory assistants.


The structure of the leg and the repair technique of the crack between the leg and its attaching strips on Shengli No 5 drilling platform are briefly introduced


Abstract This article presents the results of the carried out experimental investigation on the hydrotransport of mixtures in open channels. The author investigated non settling mixtures composed of pulp of paper and water in an open channel of circular cross section. The object of the investigation was to determine the energy losses due to the flow of water and pulp of paper and to propose a methodology for the design of open channels for mixtures. For the experimental development an assembly of laboratory was built in which a circular channel with variable slope was adapted. As a result it was possible to obtain new equations for the coefficient of friction of Darcy-Weisbach and the coefficient of friction of Manning, which relate these coefficients with the properties of the water, those of the mixture and the slope of the channel. With the equations obtained in the investigation the author it proposed a new methodology for the design of channels that they transport mixtures of water and paper pulp.


The 14th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Echocardiography, which is held every year, was held in cooperation with the Working Group on Echocardiography of the Danish Society of Cardiology at the Bella Center in Copenhagen from 8–11 December 2010, and attracted thousands of delegates from many European and non-European countries. The meeting programme promised to be attractive for those physicians who are involved in echocardiography and noninvasive cardiovascular imaging. The scientific programme offered advanced teaching courses, an imaging campus, and also aimed to offer practical training and hands-on experience, in addition to the main sessions and symposia.


The adsorption of CO on Ni(100) has been studied using LEED, Auger, and work function measurements and was found to be completely reversible. The isosteric heat of adsorption was approximately 1.30 eV/molecule independent of coverage up to 0.61 monolayers. Three surface structures were observed: (1) a disordered phase at high temperature and/or low coverage, (2) a c(2× 2) phase at coverages up to and including 0.5 monolayers at sufficiently low temperature, and (3) a compressible hexagonal phase between 0.61 and 0.69 monolayers. Evidence is presented which supports an attractive CO–CO interaction at coverages of less than 0.5 monolayers. A number of two‐dimensional phase transitions were observed and suggest an interesting T—θ phase diagram with a eutecticlike triple point. The importance of scrupulous cleaning procedures in allowing all possible adsorbed phases to be observed has again been demonstrated.


The author founding editor of the International Planned Parenthood Federations (IPPF) PEOPLE magazine looks back on the magazines 13 year history. Every major shift of law and policy as it relates to population is recorded in these issues. Over the years a more sophisticated and realistic understanding of the complex factors influencing fertility behavior has evolved in particular the related issues of population and the environment. Anticipating this concern in 1980 PEOPLE introduced a regular 8 page EARTHWATCH section. By 1981 the related questions of population development resources and the environment had formed a major part of the International Conference on Population. Recently with the demise of IPPFS own monthly newsletter a 2 page section IPPF UPDATE has been introduced. The 1st issue of PEOPLE in October 1973 coincided with the 21st anniversary of IPPF and had its genesis in the new thinking which marked that occasion and the Bucharest Conference of 1984. That thinking emphasized the interrelationship between population and development. PEOPLE was thus concerned with a broad brief appealing to not only family planners but also to policy makers related international non-government agencies educators and academics health administrators opinion leaders and the media. Current subscribers are heavily weighted towards planners and medical administrators. It has developed strong links with the media and has the collaboration of some 50 correspondents around the world. The cafeteria approach for selecting features was replaced in 1974 by single topic themes such as the World Fertility Survey findings in 1980. The aim is to anticipate where interest is moving and to get there ahead of the reader. In 1985 the magazine won the Population Institutes award as best population journal.


BACKGROUND
Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) has been widely adopted. There is debate about its overall effectiveness as well as the relative merits of routine application versus use for high-risk pregnancies only.

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this review was to assess the effects of routine continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labour compared with intermittent auscultation.

SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register, Medline (1966 to 1994), and reference list of relevant articles. We also contacted experts in the field.

SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised trials comparing routine continuous electronic fetal monitoring with intermittent auscultation.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data were extracted by one reviewer, and their accuracy was confirmed independently by a second person. A single reviewer assessed study quality based on criteria developed by others for randomised controlled trials. Data reported from similar studies were used to calculate a combined risk estimate for each of eight outcomes.

MAIN RESULTS
Nine studies involving 18,561 women and their 18,695 infants were included. The trials were of variable quality. A statistically significant decrease was associated with routine continuous EFM for neonatal seizures (relative risk (RR) = 0. 51, confidence interval (CI) = 0.32,0.82). The protective effect for neonatal seizures was only evident in studies with high-quality scores. No significant differences were observed in 1-minute Apgar scores below 4, 1-minute Apgar scores below 7, rate of admissions to neonatal intensive care units, and perinatal death. An increase associated with the use of EFM was observed in the rate of cesarean delivery (RR = 1.41, CI = 1.23,1.61) and operative vaginal delivery (RR = 1.20, CI = 1.11,1.30).

REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS
The only clinically significant benefit from the use of routine continuous EFM was in the reduction of neonatal seizures. In view of the increase in cesarean and operative vaginal deliveries, the long-term benefit of this reduction must be evaluated in the decision reached jointly by the pregnant woman and her clinician to use continuous EFM or intermittent auscultation during labor.


Webinar from September 2012 provides an overview of the TRI Program and how tribes can use TRI data, as well as details about the TRI tribal rule.


Pure and doped (Ni2+ and Cu2+) SnO2 nanoparticles was successfully synthesized by facile hydrothermal technique. The
particles size, structure, morphology and composition of the samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD),
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy
(TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX)
spectroscopy. The optical properties of the samples were analyzed by ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis) and photoluminescence
(PL) spectroscopy. The optical band gap energies of pure, Cu and Ni doped SnO2 nanoparticles were calculated …


The phased array technique is a powerful tool for the localisation and quantification of sound sources in aeroacoustic testing. The accuracy of the results is limited due to phase and sensitivity errors of the microphones. A reliable calibration procedure for the microphone array would enhance the applicability of the measurement technique. Currently, appropriate sound sources are lacking, especially for in-flow calibration. An ideal calibration sound source exhibits monopole characteristics and covers a frequency range up to 70 kHz. The present study reviews concepts for omni-directional sound sources and evaluates their capability for microphone array calibration. Two concepts of calibration sources with aerodynamic fairings for the use in wind tunnels have been developed. The radiated sound field of both probes was examined in experiments in an anechoic facility. The presented results comprise the spatial amplitude characteristics of the designed sound sources. In addition, beamforming with a synthetic microphone array was performed to analyse the phase characteristics.


The Northern Qilian Mt. front-fold-thrust belt is one of the regions where oil fields were first discovered in China. Recent years exploration and research have resulted in new achievements. By integrating seismic data, well-log, and field observations with the findings of previous research, the authors analyse the structural character of the western part of Qilian Mt. front thrust belt. Some of the main features of the Qilian belt are similar to those in western China, such as fault-related folds and thrust systems developed in thrust belts, which formed during the Himalayan orogenesis. But some are distinctive. strata constituent in the belt varies in the direction of system extend, and paleo-structure dominated the zonation of thrust belt, and thrust structural system superposed laterally ,which all resulted from superposition of various types of basins developed in different time.


Influence on health behavior from peers is well known and it has been shown that participants in an online physical activity promotion program are generally more successful when they share their achievements through an online community. However, more detailed insights are needed into the mechanisms that explain the influence of a community on physical activity level (PAL). This paper discusses a detailed analysis of a data set of participants in an online physical activity promotion program. The analysis focuses on a method to compare community members with non-community members that eliminates to a large extent factors that dilute the community effect. We create statistical models that describe the PAL increase at the end of the program. A comparison of these models shows that community members not only have a higher PAL at the start of the program, but also that the PAL increase is significantly greater compared to non-community members. The results further support the hypothesis that stimulating participants to share their achievements with peers makes physical activity programs more successful to help people achieve a healthy activity level.


The aim of this study is to investigate and analyse interpersonal communication as a prominent issue in modern educational practice. The authors employed various general scientific research methods including analysis and synthesis, the comparative method, as well as the inductive and deductive approaches. Additionally, a theoretical analysis of relevant research by other scholars was carried out in the final stage of the study. Throughout the research, the authors identified different types of communication and barriers to effective communication. Furthermore, three aspects of a teacher's speech culture were identified. This study explores the educational perspectives within the field of educational science and the emerging scientific concept of educational acmeology in global educational research. The focus on educational acmeology addresses the objective of enhancing teachers' psychological and educational skills, professional competence and the interplay between education and psychology. The findings contribute to the development of professional and scientific relationships among teachers as a result of successful acmeological practices. The practical significance of this research lies in its potential application to examine interpersonal communication as an acmeological problem in contemporary educational settings.


The nonlinear Schrödinger equation is derived in a general intrinsic geometric setting involving a normal congruence originally investigated by Marris and Passman in 1969 in a hydrodynamical context. Geometric properties of members of the normal congruence are adduced and an intrinsic representation of the auto‐Bäcklund transformation is obtained for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.


This small note has been withdrawn by the author. The main result of the note, with a corrected proof written in collaboration with a collegue, will be part of a joint work.


Abstract: In this paper, a new switching based multiple models adaptive controller is proposed for a class of discrete time systems with large uncertainty and abrupt change of system parameters. Firstly, the parameters space of systems is divided into several convex subspaces, and multiple adaptive models are established in each space. In order to overcome multiple models degradation and maintain diversity of the model to cope with the parameters abrupt change, constrained second level adaptation is used to real-time estimate the unknown parameters, and sub-controller is designed. Then, based on the switching strategy, the optimal sub-controller is selected as the controller of the system, so as to reduce the system transient error and improve the dynamic performance of the system. Finally, the numerical simulation is carried out. The results show that, the controller combines the advantages of the switching mechanism and second level adaptation, which can rapidly approach the new operating point of the system after the parameter jump, significantly shorten the transition process of the system, and improve transient performance.


Kids Creative is a children's brand that designs and makes quality children's furniture and personalised gifts. Kids Creative vision is to design quality products that create a fun and interesting environments for your little ones!


Photography has an important role in the world of journalism. However, someone who works as a photographer doesn't just take pictures based on his imagination based on the photographer's own volition. This study aims to describe the role of photography and the dynamics of positive journalism in online media at www.timesindonesia.com. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive analysis, which describes phenomena and facts systematically and analytically. Is the role of photographers and the dynamics of positive journalism from the perspective of Islamic Journalism by having a case study in the online media Times Indonesia. The data collection method was based on the virtual ethnographic paradigm in cyber media (Nasrullah, 2014), especially online documentation from the work of photographer Senda Hardika Prasasti for the 2016-2017 period, while the results of the interviews were conducted on July 10, 2017. The analysis of this data used analytical techniques. The Miles and Huberman model; is in the form of data reduction analysis, data display, and conclusion verification. The results of the study indicate that the role of photographers in Timesindonesia has fulfilled the rules of positive and constructive photojournalism, including; (1) Appropriate/appropriate photo composition; (2) Contains journalistic elements (5W+1H); (3) Does not destroy the reality of events; and (4) Has more value than ordinary photos. The recommendations for all photographers in this study, among others; are (a) A photographer should always comply with the applicable journalistic photography ethics and journalistic photography publication ethics, and (b) Do not be easily bribed with material to produce and publish fake photos that can cause polemics in the community. The research also states that Islamic Journalism is a constructive solution to developing online mass media based on religious and humanitarian knowledge (humanism).


This report summarizes the progress made on the development of the KENTORT II process during the period of October 1, 1986 through December 31, 1986. The KENTORT II development program is being conducted under Cooperative Agreement No.: DE-FC21-86LC11086 between the Kentucky Energy Cabinet and the Laramie Project Office of the Morgantown Energy Technology Center, US Dept. of Energy. KENTORT II is a multiple fluidized bed process which is designed to optimally utilize the carbonaceous material in eastern US oil shale as an energy source and to reduce the environmental problems associated with such shale processing. The process includes separate stages of pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion with combined solid and gas heat transfer among the stages. During this quarter, a cold-flow model of the pyrolysis and gasification stages of the mini-pilot plant reactor system was constructed and tested. The design of the reactor system was found to be basically sound, and with minor modifications stable operation of the model throughout the range of design conditions was achieved. An aerated solids feeding device was developed which effectively controls the shale recirculation rate. Additionally, an independent method was developed to measure the recirculation rate of the solids. Continuous, stable recirculation of shale charmore » between the two fluidized beds was demonstrated for an 18 hour period. Also during the quarter, the bench-scale fluidized bed reactor was modified for the gasification kinetics investigation of oil shale char. Initial shakedown runs indicated proper operation of the unit throughout the range of operating conditions to be studied. 10 refs., 13 figs., 1 tab.« less


We study the effect of nonstandard vector-boson couplings on the rare decay modes of K mesons. Our results show that as long as the Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani mechanism is operative, experimental results on rare K decays do not produce any constraints on nonstandard self-couplings of vector bosons.


Differential evolution(DE) algorithm is a real number coding heuristic and global optimization of performance algorithm based on population.But the searching strategy of DE algorithm is too unitary and the local searching capability is very poor,so more mutation strategies and local optimization strategy can raise more global and local searching ability and reduce the searching time,which adapted to solving large-scale transmission network planning.Taking line investment costs,network loss cost,the over-load cost of normal operation and transmission corridor cost as objectives,and through the results of Garver-6 system and 18 node system,it can not only prove the DE algorithm and model correctness and effectiveness in transmission network planning,but also can demonstrate that the algorithm has high computing speed and convergence,which lay the foundation to the further improving of DE algorithm.


In this era of cross-sectional imaging, it is useful to think of the neck in terms of adjacent anatomical spaces separated by fascial layers extended from the skull base to the thoracic inlet. Although these layers are not usually visible in CT or MR images, their locations can be inferred by knowing their relationships to various anatomical structures that are visible in cross-sectional images. Identifying these anatomical structures in the neck region can facilitate applications such as automated diagnosis by finding abnormality, or computer assisted radiation therapy planning by inferring cervical lymph node regions from these anatomical structures. We are proposing a system that can automatically segment the neck region from CT images by identifying the cranial and caudal bounding slices and then locating and labeling various anatomical structures in the region


Among the multitude of questions asked of Mr. Edison on the occasion of his eightieth birthday, the following, with its answer, indicates that the search for the sources of "cold light" has a practical bearing on the developments of the future.


The incidence rate of esophageal cancer in Asia is mainly squamous cell carcinoma, which is characterized by high mortality and poor prognosis. The prognosis of tumors is not only related to the biological characteristics of tumor cells, but also closely related to the nutritional status and inflammatory response of patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between nutritional index (PNI) and inflammatory response markers (NLR, LMR) at 90 days after surgery and long-term survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. To provide reference for accurately assessing the condition, identifying survival risks, and improving long-term prognosis.

 The data of ESCC patients who underwent radical resection for esophageal cancer from April 2018 to November 2018 were extracted (n = 66). Calculate the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and other indicators of patients at 90 days after operation. ROC was used to calculate the cut-off values of PNI, NLR, and LMR. KaplanMeier survival curve was used to analyze the relationship between different PNI, NLR, LMR levels and long-term survival of patients. All patients were followed up regularly after surgery, and the last follow-up time was April 2023.

 The best cut-off values of PNI, NLR, and LMR were 42.8, 3.27, and 4.76, respectively. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed a correlation between postoperative PNI, NLR, LMR at 90 days and overall survival and disease-free survival. At 90 days after surgery, the OS (P = 0.007) and DFS (P = 0.038) of patients in the high PNI group (PNI ≥ 42.8) were better than those in the low PNI group; The OS (P = 0.002) and DFS (P = 0.048) of patients in the low NLR group (NLR < 3.27) were better than those in the high NLR group; The OS (P = 0.001) and DFS (P = 0.039) of patients in the high LMR group (LMR ≥ 4.76) were better than those in the low LMR group.

 PNI, NLR, and LMR are important predictors of OS and DFS in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical resection of esophagus. Patients with PNI ≥ 42.8, NLR<3.27, and LMR ≥ 4.76 at 90 days after surgery have better OS and DFS.


High-speed machining (HSM) in milling has known is one of the technologies in rapid tooling and manufacturing applications. The cutting mechanism, spindle speed and feed rate are not the same for HSM compared to traditional machining. Coated carbide cutting tools are widely used in high speed and cutting temperature situations. It is more efficient and providing a lower surface roughness in HSM. Throughout these days, the demand of standard surface roughness is very high aligned to achieve quality in product. This paper shows an optimization method of machining parameters in milling process for high speed machining of glass fibre reinforce polymer (GFRP) using coated carbide cutting tool to achieve better surface roughness. Taguchi Method are used and it is the best method to optimize a parameter, where a response variable can be determined. Standard orthogonal array of L9 (32) was applied in this research using signal to noise (S/N) ratio response analysis from optimization process results and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the most significant parameters affecting surface roughness. The common machining parameters are significantly affecting surface roughness are spindle speed and feed rate. Then, conformation tests were executed to analyse the improvement of the optimization. As result, the feed rate parameter are significant for affecting the surface roughness and 90.3 % improvement on the surface roughness performance of milling process for glass fibre reinforce polymer (GFRP).


Fine art is a branch of art that is expressed through visual or visual media that is in close contact with everyday life. However, when the development of science is increasing, there appears a significant gap between art and disciplines in Islam. Whereas art has a very large portion in religion which shows visuals of events in the world and divine signs. The research method uses a qualitative approach by collecting a simple survey of Muslim students or artists in Bandung with an age range of 18-21 years which is carried out online using Google Form. The results show that the contribution of art as a discipline in Islam with afterlife mapping requires an effort to reconstruct educational thinking in order to anticipate any changes that occur: first, what artistic contributions are produced by Muslim artists/students at this time; secondly, do not assume that art makes art performers away from Islamic principles, because this is just a stereotype; Third, make a plan with the contribution you have for the afterlife.