Summary form only given. Particle-in-cell code simulations have been carried out to investigate the physical mechanism responsible for the wave amplification in the output section of a harmonic-multiplying gyrotron traveling-wave tube. Simulation results demonstrate that the injected signal frequency plays an important role in determining the wave growth process. This is because the initial frequency mismatch in the input section influences the extent of bunching at the entrance of the output section and the slope of the electron phase trajectory. For a small frequency mismatch, the amplification arises entirely from the second harmonic generation due to the bunching at the fundamental frequency. As the mismatch is increased, the bunched electrons start to disperse early in the output section; and the wave amplification is then dominated by the cyclotron maser instability. The electron velocity spread is observed to substantially degrade the device performance. By using the combination of a waveguide input section (L/sub i/, TE/sub 02/) that amplifies the input signal at the fundamental cyclotron frequency, a drift section (L/sub d/), and an output waveguide section (L/sub 0/, TE/sub 03/) that generates the output wave at the second harmonic cyclotron frequency, the bandwidth of the phigtron can be substantially improved. The above harmonic-multiplying scheme made the source for the input signal more readily available, reduces the magnetic weight requirement, and alleviates the stability problem.


Case history A 58-year-old male with known pulmonary tuberculosis was first seen in the outpatients in November 1972 with a 2-month-old history of sore throat. Examination showed an enlarged and ulcerated left tonsil. There were no palpable neck nodes. Chest X-ray showed a tuberculous focus in the apex of the right lung. Pharyngeal examination under anaesthesia confirmed the clinical findings in the left tonsil. The right tonsil appeared slightly enlarged and rubbery to the touch. The rest of the pharynx and larynx appeared normal. Bilateral tonsillar biopsies were taken and each showed the histological pattern: 'a poorly differentiated neoplasm having the typical characteristic of a lympho-epithelioma' (Fig. 1). Treatment was by right tonsillectomy and cobalt DXT by large opposing fields to a dose of 5000 r. Local spread prevented removal of the left tonsil. Six months later the patient remains well with no sign of residual or recurrent tumour.


The essence and research advances of plant induced disease resistance were systematically stated.The mechanisms of plant induced resistance were introduced and its development prospects were discussed.


Scattered failure frequency, variable and complex influencing factors, and a low accuracy in predicting inventory demand are characteristics of line replaceable unit (LRU) parts. Some high-priced repairable LRU (HR-LRU) parts have a considerable impact on the cost of aircraft spare parts.This study presents procedures to identify the optimal model for forecasting the demand for HR-LRU parts. First, a traditional prediction model, seven single measurement models, and four combined models were selected and used to predict failure data. Subsequently, evaluating indexes were selected for assessment to obtain the optimal model. Finally, we compared the actual and predicted values to verify the conclusions drawn during the previous evaluation step. The results indicated that, among the single models, the negative binomial regression model and the Holt-Winters model were most suitable for HR-LRU parts. The SSE (sum of squares error) and MAE (mean absolute error) of the negative binomial regression were the lowest at 118.4114 and 1.97352 respectively, and the Holt-Winters model's MAE was the lowest at 1. 13270. The IOWA operator prediction model and the error reciprocal variable weight combination method produced predictions closest to the actual values among the combined models. In addition to constructing a set of processes to prediction, we also discuss the fit of different methods, the reasons for the change in the guaranteed rate, and the reasons for the occurrence of special years. We also compare the similarities and differences between this article and other papers.


The geotechnical problems of municipal solid waste(MSW) landfill are discussed. At first, the compendium of MSW landfill in China is described. Secondly, the present situation of research in this domain, including geotechnical properties of MSW landfill materials,landfill lining system and landfill slope stability are discussed emphatically. Finally, the research prospects of the geotechnical problems of MSW landfill in China are also briefed.


Introduction: Chronic cough (CC) related to gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is thought to be decreased at night, while nocturnal cough related to asthma may be more intense than that caused by other diseases. Objective: to compare the number of cough episodes recorded at night during 24-hour multichannel impedance/pH monitoring (IMP/pH) in patients with cough variant asthma (CVA) and GER. Patients and Methods: we analyzed the results of IMP/pH performed in non-smoking adults referred to our department due to CC. The number of cough episodes was recorded by patients themselves. Results: 40 consecutive patients with CC (29F,11M; median age 50 years; median cough severity 62 mm in VAS) underwent IMP/pH. Based on IMP/pH results, GER was diagnosed in 32 patients (21 cough related and 11 not cough related). Asthma and upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) were diagnosed in 17 and 24 patients, respectively. Overall, the median number of cough episodes was 25/24 h (IQR 16-56/24h) and the majority of cough episodes occurred during the day (87% during the day vs 13% at night). There were no differences in number of cough episodes recorded at night between asthmatics and other patients. Patients with GER-related cough recorded more cough episodes at night than patients without GER (median number of cough episodes 6 vs 0, p=0.046; median percentage of all cough episodes 17% vs 0%, p=0.047). Conclusions: During IMP/pH monitoring patients with CVA did not record more cough episodes at night than other patients. Perception of cough episodes at night was more common in patients with GER-related cough than in patients without GER.


Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge MA 02138, USA(Dated: December 16, 2013)We present a strange metal, described by a holographic duality, which reproduces the famouslinear resistivity of the normal state of the copper oxides, in addition to the linear specific heat.This holographic metal reveals a simple and general mechanism for producing such a resistivity,which requires only quenched disorder and a strongly interacting quantum critical state. The key isthe minimal viscosity of the latter: unlike in a Fermi-liquid, the viscosity is very small and thereforeis important for the electrical transport. This mechanism produces a resistivity proportional to theelectronic entropy.


In this paper, a new algorithm by using 3D warping technique to effectively fill holes that are produced when creating a virtual-viewpoint image is proposed. A hole is defined as the region that cannot be seen in the reference view when a virtual view is created. In the proposed algorithm, to reduce the blurring effect that occurs on the hole region filled by conventional algorithms and to enhance the texture quality of the generated virtual view, Exemplar Based In-painting algorithm is used. The boundary noise which occurs in the initial virtual view obtained by 3D warping is also removed. After 3D warping, we estimate the relative location of the background to the holes and then pixels adjacent to the background are filled in priority to get better result by not using only adjacent object"s information. Also, the temporal inconsistency between frames can be reduced by expanding the search region up to the previous frame when searching for most similar patch. The superiority of the proposed algorithm compared to the existing algorithms can be shown through the experimental results.


The thesis deals with of project for use of CRM components in company Ezop reklamni studio s.r.o. In the theoretical part of this work the literary sources are condensed concent-rated on CRM problems. The analytical part of this work presents Ezop company and it analyses current situation in customer relationship management. On the base found results are suggested in the projeckt part of this work CRM components, which improve competi-tiveness of company. Finnaly are determined costs and risks.


In production systems, manual tasks need to be considered more than the sum of repetitive sub-tasks which can simply be taken over by autonomous systems. Despite technological advances in automation, the presence of human operators remains essential on future shop floors. Consequently, it is of interest for manufacturing organizations how cyber-physical operator assistance systems (C.O.A.S.) can augment skills of operators on the shop floor. However, there is a limited understanding of how relevant stakeholders in manufacturing organizations assess the suitability of COAS. This is crucial in so far as the adoption of COAS significantly depends on the approval of stakeholders throughout the respective manufacturing organization. This paper explores how stakeholders in manufacturing organizations assess the role of COAS on future shop floors. This is realized by conducting an exploratory, multi-method, qualitative study encompassing interviews of executives, instructors, and operators. Additionally, the study incorporates ethnographic observations in industrial education. A result of the study is that informants expect COAS to be promising for manufacturing organizations if systems augment cognitive abilities of operators, rather than their physical abilities.


The University Directors of Industrial Liaison in the UK and Eire (UOIL) is an association established to increase the commercial activity of universities in the UK and Ireland. The rapid increase in the importance to universities of this activity over the last 10 years has meant that UOIL, which began in 1969, now has in its membership directors of industrial liaison of all the major UK and Irish universities and university colleges. Similar associations exist in mainland Europe and impetus was given to their development and to the prospect of a Europe-wide association by the close collaboration, from 1987 onwards, of UOIL and the European Association for the Transfer of Technology, Innovations and Information (Tii). Tii now has a special research-industry interest group and has held three major European meetings of university/industry affairs, the first in Edinburgh in 1989 to coincide with the UOIL meeting there. Ifwe accept the premise that all good things start in the USA and within a few years drift across the Atlantic Ocean, then we can look forward to headier days for UDIL. The US Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) holds meetings of more than 500 attendees and attracts an international audience.


The work reported here is based on an experimental investigation of the effect of well-defined commercial calcium carbonate particles and silica nanoparticles on the deposition rate and morphology of deposits, formed during the flow of a solution supersaturated with respect to CaCO 3 . The term combined shall be used for such runs. The effect of the above particles on the spontaneous precipitation in a supersaturated calcium carbonate solution is also examined. Isothermal conditions are maintained in all the tests


Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to environmental factors can cause epigenetic modifications to germ cells, particularly sperm, to promote epigenetic and transcriptome changes in the embryo. These germ cell and embryo cell epigenetic alterations are associated with phenotypic changes in offspring. Epigenetic inheritance requires epigenetic changes (i.e. epimutations) in germ cells that promote epigenetic and gene expression changes in embryos. The objective of this perspective is to examine the evidence that germ cell epigenome modifications are associated with embryo cell epigenetic and transcriptome changes that affect the subsequent development of all developing somatic cells to promote phenotype change. Various epigenetic changes in sperm, including changes to histone methylation, histone retention, non-coding RNA expression and DNA methylation, have been associated with alterations in embryo cell epigenetics and gene expression. Few studies have investigated this link for oocytes. The studies reviewed herein support the idea that environmentally induced epigenetic changes in germ cells affect alterations in embryo cell epigenetics and transcriptomes that have an important role in the epigenetic inheritance of pathology and phenotypic change.


The ability to manipulate Pt-based alloy catalysts with controllable compositions and the type of surface facet is important for advancing direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFEs).


MXDs are transcription repressors that antagonize MYC‐mediated gene activation. MYC, when associated with MIZ1, acts also as a repressor of a subset of genes, including p15 and p21. A role for MXDs in regulation of MYC‐repressed genes is not known. We report that MXDs activate transcription of p15 and p21 in U2OS cells. This activation required DNA binding by MXDs and their interaction with MIZ1. MXD mutants deficient in MIZ1 binding interacted with the MYC‐binding partner MAX and were active as repressors of MYC‐activated genes but failed to activate MYC‐repressed genes. Mutant MXDs with reduced DNA‐binding affinity interacted with MAX and MIZ1 but neither repressed nor activated transcription. Our data show that MXDs and MYC have a reciprocally antagonistic potential to regulate transcription of target genes.


PAGE Posttranslational modifications by the small proteins ubiquitin and SUMO control the localization, activity and degradation of intracellular substrates. In recent years our knowledge of the crosstalk between the SUMO and ubiquitin systems has expanded significantly as exemplified by a novel class of enzymes called SUMO-targeted Ubiquitin Ligases (STUbLs). This study focuses on the Slx5/Slx8 heterodimer, a STUbL with an important role in genome maintenace and regulation of SUMO-conjugate levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Slx5/Slx8 STUbL relies on SUMO-interacting motifs (SIMs) in Slx5 for substrate targeting and a carboxy-terminal RING domain in Slx5 and Slx8 for substrate ubiquitylation. In budding yeast cells Slx5 and Slx8 reside in the nucleus, form distinct foci, and can associate with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) breaks. We hypothesized that distinct targeting and protein interaction domains in Slx5 affect its binding with substrates, Slx8, and SUMO. Therefore, we constructed and analyzed truncations of the Slx5 protein. Our structure function analysis revealed a specific domain in Slx5 that is required for nuclear localization. A truncation mutant, Slx5(1-207), that lacks this domain fails to enter the nucleus, accumulates in the cytosol, and is enriched at the bud-neck of dividing yeast cells where it co-localizes with septin proteins. In a two-hybrid assay Slx5(1-207) failed to interact with the septins Cdc3, Cdc11, and Shs1, but interacted strongly with the SUMO ligase Siz1. Since Siz1 localizes to the bud-neck in a cell cyclespecific manner and is required for septin sumoylation we tested whether Slx5 functionally interacts with Siz1. First, we found that both full-length and Slx5(1-207) interact robustly with Slx5 in a two-hybrid assay and in co-precipitation assays. Second, deletion of SLX5 and SLX8 result in dramatically reduced septin sumoylation in G2/M arrested cells. Third, a purified Siz1 protein is an in vitro ubiquitylation target of the Slx5/Slx8 STUbL. This study provides the first evidence that STUbLs may regulate the sumoylation of cytosolic proteins and functionally interact with the SUMO ligase Siz1 in vivo and in vitro.


This paper investigates the dynamics of non-autonomous competitive systems of difference equations with asymptotically constant coefficients. We are mainly interested in global attractivity results for such systems and the application of such results to the evolutionary population of competition models of two species.


1. Introduction. PART I: BUSINESS AS WAR. 2. Worlds Apart? 3. War as an Audit. 4. Building Leaders of Character. PART II: LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS AND WAR. 5. Strategy: Deliver Us from Process. 6. Organizing for Victory: While Shooting as Few Bureaucrats as Possible. PART III: THE TOOLS. 7. Business Intelligence: Another Damned Thing They Didn't Teach You In B School. 8. The Other Side of the Coin: Enterprise Security. 9. Testing Your METL: Or What to Do When the Mission Really Is Essential. Chapter 10. Putting it All Together. Epilogue: The After Action Review (AAR). Notes. Index.


We developed high-power SOA integrated EADFB lasers (AXEL) and a high-sensitivity burst-mode receiver with an avalanche photodiode (APD) to ensure the loss budget in transmission line and extend the transmission reach for 10G- and 25G-PON (35 word limit)


The invention discloses a kind of method for the sildenafil citrate compound for preparing treatment male erectile dysfunction, belong to pharmaceutical technology field.Sildenafil citrate compound produced by the present invention is as shown in Figure 1 using the X ray powder diffraction patterns that Cu K alpha ray measurements obtain, test result indicates that, sildenafil citrate compound provided by the invention is not easy to moisture absorption, moisture and impurity content is low, stability is good.


Let G be a locally compact abelian group with Bohr compactification Ga. Then [3, Theorem 1.2] any subset F of G compact in Ga is necessarily compact in G; alternatively, any closed non-compact subset F of G has its closure F– in Ga ≠ F; hence F –\F ≠ ø. One of our aims in the present note is to give a result (Corollary 6) which asserts that F –\F has no points which are Gδs, so that F–\F is a perfect set. Another aim is to give an extension of a cited result of [3] in which commutativity and local compactness are essentially irrelevant, and to unify the proofs.


We present prenatal and postnatal features of a patient with severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans (SADDAN). Mutation analysis confirmed the clinical diagnosis by detecting the FGFR3 Lys650Met mutation. This case, one of only six with molecular analysis reported in the literature, confirms the severe morbidity and adds to the reports with early mortality associated with SADDAN. Clinical–radiological characteristics of all reported cases of SADDAN are reviewed and discussed. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The author discusses advantages to using calculated pseudo-sonic and pseudo-density logs, for synthetic seismogram generation, when the necessary measured sonic and density logs are not available. The most fundamental, and most critical, step in seismic interpretation is tying geologic information (i.e., log tops, faults, etc.) to the seismic data. Improper conversion from depth to time will produce erroneous results in the interpretation and mapping stages. Two tools discussed in this paper are the checkshot survey and synthetic seismograms generated from sonic logs (and density logs when they are available).


Honeywell has successfully completed an Advanced Process Control project on Petkim Aliaga's Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) unit. The application covered both the cracking and the distillation process sections which involve ethylene dichloride (EDC) cracking furnace, HCl and VCM distillation columns. It was a technically demanding project, the main challenge being to increase the conversion of EDC to VCM by improving the temperature control on the EDC cracking unit and by increasing the operating efficiency of the quench system. Due mainly to cooling constraints in the refrigeration system, the HCl column top pressure was previously operated in manual, therefore any disturbances in the top pressure resulted in a detrimental effect for the cracking furnace operation, affecting mainly the overall conversion. By exploiting the multivariable nature of the Profit Controller, the variations in the HCl top pressure have been minimised, henceforth achieving more than 6% improvement in conversion. Along with the objectives of increasing the conversion, energy savings have been proved around the specified process sections by implementing smooth control and efficient disturbance rejection. As such, the throughput constrained by the cooling system capacity could be increased, and reduction in the steam consumption was achieved at various parts of the VCM plant. The project proceeded efficiently and was completed with a performance test run. The Profit Controller application achieved an overall ROI of less than 4 months.


This paper presents observations of ultrasonic flux buildup and the accompanying departures from Ohmic behavior in CdS and ZnO (piezoelectric semiconductor) crystals. The results give strong support to a model which connects this non‐Ohmic behavior with the amplification of ultrasonic waves.The behavior of an ultrasonic signal in the presence of varying amounts of ultrasonic flux is also studied experimentally. It is found that the signal gain is substantially reduced by interaction with the flux. The results also lend support to Hutson's theory which ascribes the non‐Ohmic behavior of piezoelectric semiconductors to the acoustoelectric current accompanying the ultrasonic flux.


The behavior of aluminum-CVD (chemical vapor deposited) diamond film-silicon structures has been studied as a function of the temperature of the hot filament used to prepare the diamond film. As the filament temperature increases from 2173 to 2373 K, diamond-film surface roughness and crystallite size increase, nondiamond carbon content decreases, and device behavior changes from ohmic to Schottky. The diamond-film resistivity in all cases is substantially lower than that of bulk natural diamond and decreases with increasing filament temperature, perhaps due to increased incorporation of hydrogen in the films. >


Abstract The population biology of the wedge shell Macomona liliana (Iredale, 1915) was studied at six sites on intertidal sandflats in Manukau Harbour over 2 years. Differences were found in the densities of bivalves between sites, and at each site large seasonal fluctuations in densities were also observed. Within‐site density fluctuations were mainly the result of changes in the numbers of juveniles (< 5 mm long). Length‐frequency distributions were dominated by a single mode associated with new recruits. The only major inter‐site difference was the scarcity of large bivalves at one site. Recruitment to the macrobenthos occurred over an extended period (summer to late winter or spring), but with markedly different levels of recruitment in the two successive years. Length‐frequency plots indicated that growth in the first year was 2–3 mm. The possible involvement of hydrodynamics, inter‐ and intraspecific interactions, and pollution on recruitment, and the importance of mortality and migration to post‐s...


The present invention provides an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene ballistic panel, comprising: a plurality of surface density of ultrahigh molecular weight above 135g / cm2 no polyethylene sheeting; wherein two adjacent filaments of polyethylene sheeting in accordance with non-0 ° / 90 ° ~ 45 ° / 45 ° arrangement. Lightweight armor plate armor plate prepared according to the present invention provides a high strength, high modulus.


We appreciate the constructive comments raised by Santos et al regarding our article in which we showed that increasing the frequency of administration of low-dose aspirin has more potent platelet inhibitory effects than increasing the daily dose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.1 Indeed, our analysis has several consistencies in findings from those demonstrated by Santos et al in their previous investigation.2 The authors correctly raise an important observation regarding a potential cause that may interfere with aspirin-induced pharmacodynamic effects mediated by cell-cell interactions, namely platelets and …


Ultimate compressive strength and welding residual stress of high-tension steel stiffened plate was investigated experimentally by comparing with mild steel stiffened plate. As for residual compressive stress which was considered to have important effect on the ultimate compressive strength, residual stress in high-tension steel was less 0.10-0.15 σy than that in mild steel. From this difference, ultimate compressive strength of hightension steel should be expected to be higher than that of mild steel theoretically, but 12 test results of ultimate compressive strength showed no clear advantage of hightension steel. From these experimental results, this positive factor of residual stress should be considered to have not so much important effect on the ultimate strength.


Because of the coupling and interaction of power delivery among the different ports in isolated three-port converter (TPC) and the small signal linear control model derived from specific steady state point, the parameters of control models will be varied with the change of operation state, this might result in degradation of control performance. In order to solve these problems, linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) method is employed for TPC. And an improved control model which is got by introducing virtual resistor is used to design LADRC controller for the TPC in this paper. The simulation results show that the three-port converter can achieve better performance balance in dynamic response and decoupling by using the proposed method.


Chloroplast microsatellites reveal colonisation and metapopulation dynamics in the 1 Canary Island pine 2 3 MIGUEL NAVASCUÉS, ZAFEIRO VAXEVANIDOU, SANTIAGO C. 4 GONZÁLEZ-MARTÍNEZ, JOSÉ CLIMENT, LUIS GIL and BRENT C. 5 EMERSON 6 7 1 Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, School of Biological Sciences, 8 University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK 9 2 Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Forestales, CIFOR-INIA, P.O. Box 8111, 1


Delaying fracture is one of most important failure forms of high strength automotive bolts,which has the features of universality and frequent occurrence.It has an important significance and technology direction in engineering to control and prevent effectively the fracture.The conclusion that martensite and its tempering structure have more sensibility is obtained through sensibility test of high strength bolt delayed fracture under the conditions of different materials,different heat treatment processes and different stresses,and put forward the mechanism of grain boundary migration and low temperature creep.


Abstract An active fold system revealed by interbedded tephra layers is visible on the ablation surface of Johnsons Glacier (Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). Johnsons Glacier is a cirque-shaped glacier of 5 km2 area located in a temperate ice cap. Converging flow-lines as a consequence of the reducing channel section extend from ice divides and terminate in a calving ice-cliff. Recent tephra layers from the volcano on Deception Island constitute excellent markers of the internal structure of the glacier and, when dated, provide valuable information about deformation kinematics. Detailed field mapping of the clearly visible tephra markers revealed several folded layers that define a set of folds with sub-horizontal and fan-distributed axes being sub-parallel to the converging flow-lines. Folds become tighter towards the centre of the channel, where a cylindrical anticline is clearly exposed. Related deformational structures, comprising minor folds, foliations, thrust faults and crevasses, are observed in the ablation area. Strain-rates reflect extensional flow and higher deformation values where maximum confluence occurs. We examine how the occurrence of this structure results from the transverse shortening in response to the reducing channel section and the consequent confluence of ice masses, increase in differential flow-rates between the centre of the glacier and the margins, and the development of passive folding processes.


The teaching of the combination of working and learning environment for the students in higher vocational colleges provide a good work ethic to develop environment on student growth and accomplishment is of great significance.Combines the characteristics of teaching in higher vocational colleges today,exploring teaching model of combination of working and learning to develop students' professional ethics impact analysis of problems and causes and problem-oriented thinking and suggestions.


In recent years, some organization increasingly encourages the use of cementitious materials such as fly ash, slag and silica fume. Silica fume is a by-product in the manufacture of ferrosilicon and also of a silicon metal. Lately, some attention has been given to the use of condensed silica fume as a possible partial replacement for cement. The main objective of this investigation is to study the effect of the binder system containing different levels of silica-fume, as a partial replacement of cement, on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete and particularly, to determine the optimum content of silica-fume that maximize the strength and mechanical performance of HSSC. The work in this research focused on concrete mixes having water/binder ratio = 0.32 and constant total binder content (cement and silica) of 450 Kg/m3. The percentages of silica-fume that replaced cement in this research were: 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 and 25.0 %. Compressive, splitting and flexural strength tests were carried out at the age of 28, 59, 90,180 and 360 days to identify the mechanical properties of HSSC mixes at different ages. The effect of water/binder ratio on the compressive strength of HSSC mixes has been also examined. The modulus of elasticity of the produced concrete mixes at age of 28 days was determined. Test results of this research indicated that, the partial replacement of silica fume instead of cement in concrete mixes up to a ratio of 15 % effectively improves the mechanical properties of concrete and produces high compressive strength, beyond this limit, the compressive strength significantly decreased.


From summary: The Harquahala Mountains BLM Wilderness Study Area is in the Basin and Range physiographic province of west-central Arizona. The present study covers 24,735 acres of the 72,675 acre wilderness study area, preliminary recommended as suitable for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System in La Paz and Maricopa Counties, Arizona. During the winter of 1983-84, under authority of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579), the Bureau mapped and sampled mines and prospects in and near the WSA to determine the mineral resources present.


The documents similarity metric is a substantial tool applied in areas such as determining topic in relation to documents, plagiarism detection, or problems necessary to capture the semantic, syntactic, or structural similarity of texts. Evaluated results of the similarity measure depend on the types of word represented and the problem statement and can be time-consuming. In this paper, we present a problem-independent algorithm of the similarity metric greedy texts similarity mapping (GTSM), which is computationally efficient to be applied for large datasets with any preferred word vectorization models. GTSM maps words in two texts based on a decision rule that evaluates word similarity and their importance to the texts. We compare it with the well-known word mover's distance (WMD) algorithm in the k-nearest neighbors text classification problem and find that it leads to similar or better results. In the correlation evaluation task of similarity measures with human-judged scores, we demonstrate its higher correlation scores in comparison with WMD and sentence mover's similarity (SMS) and show that GTSM is a decent alternative for both word-level and sentence-level tasks.


A popular method for shrinking over-parameterized networks nowadays is pruning, which can efficiently reduce the number of computational parameters and computational cost of the network and has almost the same high accuracy as the original network. The general weighted pruning algorithm can only reduce the number of parameters based on the original network structure, but cannot reduce the width and depth of the pruned network. While the knowledge distillation algorithm can solve the problem by compressing the network structure, it cannot make further modifications on the processed network. To further reduce the network structure, we propose a model compression algorithm, HKDP, a hybrid method combining knowledge distillation and network pruning that can significantly reduce the overall size of the network and maintain substantial accuracy. This approach obtains the advantages of knowledge distillation and pruning, which achieves 10 times higher compression rate and 2 percent higher accuracy than using either algorithm alone. Concretely, we apply a stage-wise knowledge distillation algorithm in the front that can quickly and efficiently reduce the original model structure; we also apply a Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) based pruning method and introduce the concept of global sparsity, which allows us to customize the compression rate of the model. Our experiments on CIFAR-10 and MNIST show that our hybrid optimization algorithm has higher model accuracy and model compression ratio compared to other competitors' network compression algorithms.


Social media posts contain potentially valuable information about medical conditions and health-related behavior. Biocreative VII Task 3 focuses on mining this information by recognizing mentions of medications and dietary supplements in tweets. We approach this task by fine tuning multiple BERT-style language models to perform token-level classification, and combining them into ensembles to generate final predictions. Our best system consists of five Megatron-BERT-345M models and achieves a strict F1 score of 0.764 on unseen test data.


ABSTRACT A new experiment tested — and confirmed — the hypothesis that being the perpetrator of the discrimination of the minority subsequently makes one perceive this minority as more threatening. The experimental procedure assumed that the act of marking corrections of the linguistic errors of a person was a performative act that improves the image of competence of the corrector and worsens that of the corrected. The experiment (N = 147) followed a factorial design, 2 (author of the text: a young Gypsy vs. a young person) x 2 (making corrections vs. refraining from making corrections). Intergroup threat anxiety shows that discrimination against the minority increases the threat anxiety that is associated with a subsequent interaction with it. We conclude that being the perpetrator of the minority discrimination causes the majority to perceive the minority as more threatening. We discuss how this discrimination itself ends up transforming the representation of those minorities.


The contents of crude lipid and the composition of fatty acid in four kinds of wild freshwater fishes, Ophiocephalus argus, Silurus asotus, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, and Monopterus albus were examined respectively. The results showed that the contents of crude lipid in Ophiocephalus argus muscle and hepar were the highest among four kinds of fish, and in Silures asotus muscle there were the highest neutral lipid content and the least polar lipid content. There were more monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in hepar than in muscle of the fishes. The rate between n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle was significantly different among the four kinds of fish, but in the hepar that rate was not remarkably different (about 0.84). Apart from having less hepar saturated fatty acids than Ophiocephalus argus ,Monopterus albus has more muscular saturated, monounsaturated, and hepar monounsaturated fatty acids than the other 3 kinds of fishes. All the four kinds of fishes contained more polyunsaturated fatty acids and contents of C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 compared to other meat products such as pork, beef, egg, common carp, shrimp, Chinese soft shelled turtle, and so on.


Young immigrant adults may have difficulties in schools because of a lack of literate skills in the second language, viz. Dutch. If they are confronted with texts that are too difficult for them they may stagnate in their (literate) language development and even drop out of school.Teachers with and without experience in teaching Dutch as a sec-ond language ranked a number of fragments of Dutch school-books as to degree of difficulty.All teachers believed that only the lowest difficulty level was appropriate for all their pupils (Dutch and immigrant). They differed in their judgement as to the appropriateness of the subject matter of the texts.An analysis of the texts with respect to linguistic features led to the definition of three levels of difficulty, correspon-ding to the three first grades of the secondary school. On the whole the texts are for Dutch natives. Immigrant pupils probably use certain strategies to compensate for evident lack of text comprehension at the micro level of a text (word know-ledge, sentence structures etc.)


This research is part of the French-speaking Virtual Medical University (UMVF). French educational medicine-process does not only take place at the university but also in the hospital, at home or in an office. At home, students need to adjust their computer in order to receive and view the educational resources supplied by the virtual university. In the setup -stage, he may need some help, according to his computing qualification level. Therefore we provide him with a setup -system. We specify a reference-frame, which describe pieces of software and hardware that are required in the computer, to be able to work correctly, before the student use it for studying. Moreover, this reference-frame is very useful for a site administrator at the university or in a hospital. We choose UML for modelling the setup - system and the reference-frame. Services concerning the management of the student' computer management (especially confidential issues), its installation and its testing have been enlightened. Those services are not supplied by any well-known WEDS (Web-Based Education Delivery Systems).


The invention discloses a portable electronic device and a control method of a software object thereof. The portable electronic device comprises a main body and a processing module, wherein the main body comprises a first surface and a second surface; the first surface comprises a first sensing device for sensing a first position touched by a user so as to acquire a first coordinate; the second surface is opposite to the first surface and comprises a second sensing device, and the second sensing device is used for sensing a second position touched by the user so as to acquire a second coordinate; and the processing module is arranged in the main body and used for executing a software program to generate a software object, the processing module converts the first coordinate into a corresponding coordinate of a corresponding position on the second sensing device, and compares the second coordinate with the corresponding coordinate to obtain relative position information so as to move the software object according to the relative position information. According to the invention, the user operation specific to the portable electronic device is more convenient.


Electromagnetics contains subtle symmetry.This paper tries to analyze the basic knowledge structure of Electromagnetics through symmetry.Mastering the symmetry will play a certain role in helping and promoting the studying and teaching of Electromagnetics.


The article aims to show that although both Derrida and Saussure draw their reproblematising power from a similar analysis of language as critical crux, their conceptions of language actually determine very different modes, but also very different degrees, of critical force. It seeks to measure what differentiates Derrida's eventual epistemology of the 'impossible', and Saussure's reinvention of linguistics as a radically critical and 'historical discipline', and to understand the astonishing erosion of criticality in deconstructionist ambition which had launched, with well-known audacity, into a full-bodied critical engagement with the whole of the western metaphysical tradition. This questioning of the 'performativity of aporia', which is still the critical claim of deconstruction, is based on something which might sound paradoxical in view of the usual identification of Derrida with textualism: the idea that his critique of linguistics and the logos ends in an actual denial of language. This being so in turn constitutes a serious obstacle to the work of critique. The development is based on a rereading of mainly De la Grammatologie and Le Monolinguisme de l'autre, in dialogue with Saussure's Cours and Ecrits. It examines the implications (critical and political) of several key concepts, as derived by Derrida from his ongoing reading/obscuring of Saussure's own concepts: différance, écriture, idiome and différence des langues, férance, radical.


The crisis of India's north-east is intertwined with the contestation of its history and memory. Its colonial spatial strategy and administrative policies – inherent in a series of ethnographic works – continue to have repercussions in the post-independence era. Therefore, memory as a border device is an important means of understanding the experiences and manoeuvres of the borderland communities. This article seeks to understand the challenges of violence and displacement faced by the Kuki community, which lives along the Indo–Myanmar border, in a conflict that has separated many families living in the north-eastern region. Following the independence of India, the dispute over territories in this region took a violent turn, leading to forced displacement and aggravating the problems of the borderland community. Based on a qualitative study among different generations of displaced Kuki families, this article argues that the intergenerational transmission of memories can be creatively used to generate responsibility and adjustment to the challenges of poverty and separation caused by the international border. It was also found that embodied memories of violence and displacement are transmitted across generations and that these memories can be creatively fashioned in the families' everyday lives. Despite the challenges of mobility, elders continue to sustain a familial relationship across the border as the narratives they transmit to younger generations are often saturated with affective meaning, which foregrounds a mode of habitation and understanding of spatial imagination that is different from the present-day, hardened border.


An Arabidopsis farnesyl transferase loss-of-function mutant exhibited a permeable cuticle and enhanced immunity to Botrytis. This immunity was fully suppressed by loss of function of the cell death regulator BOTRYTIS SENSITIVE1.


The high-temperature (up to 200 °C) reliability analysis of 1200V/100A 4H-SiC JBS under 168 hours of high-temperature storage stress (HTSS), high-temperature reverse bias (HTRB) and high-humidity HTRB (H3TRB) stress test are reported. Results show that, all the statistical distribution of the data consistency is more dispersed after HTSS, HTRB and H3TRB test, which suggests that there are more degradation in the forward voltage and leakage current characteristics of JBS device under high temperature (up to 423K) stress. The increased reverse leakage currents after HTSS and HTRB stresses at different test temperatures are mainly due to the thermionic emission with the image force barrier height lowering. However, it is not the same phenomenon after HTRB stress. And the stability of VR under HTRB test is better than the one under HTSS test, which may be due to the migration and accumulation of charge during exposure to HTRB.


The present invention relates to a surface-modified with meet the following formula (I) an organosilicon compound oxide filler, or a natural or synthetic silicate fillers of the two-step process, wherein the filler and the organosilicon compound in the absence of other solvents in the presence of mixed, homogenized mixture was subjected to hydrophobic interaction good preheated mixer. [Rn '(RO) [Rn' (RO) 3-nSi- (Alk) m- (Ar) p] SCN


Quality of concrete cover is a key factor for concrete durability. In fact, the quality of concrete cover has close relationship with mixture design and curing condition. Present study adopted transient test of air permeability to study on affecting factors of air permeability of concrete. Results dedicated that curing condition was the most important factor to affect transient air permeability of concrete. Adequate curing is required to decrease effectively the air permeability, and low ratio of W/B is helpful to reduce air permeability. Air permeability of concrete samples, added with fly ash or slag powder, was more sensitive to dry curing than standard curing. Besides, CaO based expansive agent effectively decreased coefficient of air permeability at the adequate curing condition


A high intensity, low frequency underwater transducer for non-lethal deterrence of terrorist swimmers or divers in a body of water. The invention consists of a motor driven flextensional underwater transducer. In one embodiment, the phase of a transducer is sensed, enabling multiple projectors to achieve high acoustic sound pressure levels by beamforming and/or modal constructive interference (e.g. taking advantage of harbor bottom topography and boundaries.).


The oil shale thermal cracking CT images under different temperatures are considered as the analytical objects;and the basic theories of fractals to the thermal cracking procedure of oil shale are applied for the first time. The distribution laws of the thermal fissures within the range of 200 ℃–600 ℃ of oil shale square body of 7.0 mm in length are researched;and the fractals dimensions and initial distribution values of the fissures under different temperatures are obtained. The achieved results show that the thermal fissures have strong self-similarity according with fractals laws,and the values of fractal dimensions are ranged from 1.0 to 1.5. The relationship between fractals dimensions,initial distribution values and temperatures is established. With fractals theory,the thermal cracking procedure of the oil shale,distribution state and complexity of the fissures are analyzed. The derived conclusions for analyzing the evolution of micro-seepage channels in the oil shale pyrolysis have important references;and at the same time,a new method and certain ideas for thermal cracking procedure of other rocks with fractals theory are offered.


The article analyzes the applicability of draping from such respects as shaping,structure,material,pattern and method which are involved in draping,that is,the control of clothing space should be realized by handling the quantity of inner space and modeling the shape of the outer space to reach the balance of the clothing structure,especially the silk balance,structure balance and ease balance.The integration of texture is realized by transforming,adding,reducing,and composite.The equilibrium degree of pattern and quality is critical to reflect costumes homogeneity.For improving the quality of pattern,it is essential to express the shape accurately and describe the detail reasonably.Idea integration and the integration of process and technology are the core elements to reach modeling compatibility.The article aims at gaining new insights into draping,and has important meaning in opening its application fields.


OBJECTIVE
Report of management of blunt, intrapericardial inferior vena caval injury.

DESIGN, MATERIALS AND METHODS
A seven-year-old boy, after falling from the back of a motorcycle, had a laceration of the intrapericardial, inferior vena cava with cardiac tamponade. He presented with hypotension and a distended abdomen. There was no evidence of thoracic trauma.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Laparotomy demonstrated a tensely distended liver without intra-abdominal bleeding. Median sternotomy revealed a vena caval laceration, which was repaired.

CONCLUSIONS
Increasing abdominal distention with an enlarging liver suggests traumatic laceration to the suprahepatic vena cava. Vascular repair is best accomplished by median sternotomy.


Atomic layer deposited (ALD) films are an ideal choice for enhancing the performance and reliability of microsystem devices. The self-limiting chemistry results in conformal coatings of high aspect ratio structures with monolayer precision. ALD tungsten films are of particular interest for MEMS and LIGA applications due to their good wear resistance. However, property data is extremely limited as most conventional test methods are difficult to apply to these very thin films. We therefore began a study of ALD tungsten films on silicon substrate properties as a function of film thickness using nanoindentation and nanoscratch techniques. Nanoindentation showed that elastic modulus and hardness increased with film thickness. For the thickest films, these values were substantially higher than those of the substrate and hardness equaled values for bulk and sputter deposited films. Of particular concern, nanoscratch tests triggered channel cracking and delamination in the thickest film. These cracks formed in succession during the scratch tests closely following the path established by the previous cracks. Mechanics-based cracking and delamination models showed that the films fractured under steady state conditions at an energy of 0.4 J/m. The corresponding interfacial fracture energy for film delamination between the channel cracks was substantially less at 50 mJ/m with a mode I component equal to 30 mJ/m. This value is less than the work of adhesion for sputter deposited tungsten films on silicon substrates but may accurately reflect the influence of lower film density along the substrate interface.


An experimental investigation of spectral dependence of two recently discovered anomalies in deep metallic gratings is presented. Good coincidence with theoretical results is obtained. It is shown that the Brewster effect in deep gratings is suppressed with a decrease of wavelength, as the angle of incidence approaches zero. At the same time the groove-depth interval widens, and low values of reflectivity are observed.


The flow of migrants towards Italy in these past decades has raised the problem regarding the absorption and integration of newcomers in the new society and the labour market; this problem has become more severe in this last period. Learning the language and the foundations of the social and political structures of the receiving community is the best way to establish the necessary competence for integration. As the presence of foreigners in Italy stabilises, education has become more complex, as it must be oriented not only towards newcomer students, but also towards those who were born in Italy in foreign families who speak their own mother tongue at home but are also highly competent in Italian. This situation gives rise to diverse individual profiles according to the different balance of the linguistic varieties in these students' inventory. This article aims to show that an inspection carried according to the sociolinguistic methodology can bring forth valuable data for educational as well as territorial planning and for the definition of policies for integration. The article will present general data on the Italian situation compared to the European one in general in order to define the phenomenon. Then a specific study will be presented based on research conducted in the Scuola Cavour in Alessandria (PISU project – POR FESR 2014/2010), where there are classes in which foreigners and second-generation Italians (G2s) are numerous. A sociolinguistic questionnaire has been collected from students between the ages of 11 and 13 years old; the aim is to assess not only the students' competences tout court, but also the social spaces where their different languages are used, their main difficulties, and their ambitions. The statistical data are presented and discussed in order to point out the different profiles; they reveal how complex it is to create a linguistic education that moves towards aware citizenship. Practically, the data also provide an important indication on the composition of the classroom and on the educational practices to adopt.


We propose a description and validation of the ATMR protocol within the UNITY formalism. This formal description helps us understand precisely the mechanisms this protocol involves. In particular, we have noted the use of an incorrect detection algorithm to generate reset slots. In this first part, we provide an operational description using the UNITY programming notation as well as a specification of the main correctness properties in the UNITY temporal logic. A second part [2] is dedicated to a hand-made correctness proof. The proof shows that the model satisfies the specification despite this spurious detection. In this study, we apply a general development process based upon the UNITY formalism. During this process, we tune the program specification in order to make the later validation step easier, in the same way as the inclusion of traces, breakpoints, and assertions prepares a program for its quality assurance tests.


Objective To learn goiter prevalence characteristics of children and the intervention effect evaluation in different periods in Yixian County.Methods Divide the county into 5 areas by east,west,south,north and central region.Select 9 towns as monitoring spots: randomly select 2 towns from each one region of east,west,south and north,and 1 town from the central region.At least two elementary schools were randomly selected in each monitored township,taking 40 or more students from 8 to 10-years-old to get thyroid palpation.Results There was no significant difference of goiter rate before the intervention between different ages,different genders,and different ethnic groups(P0.05),but goiter rate was higher in Mountain area than that in the plain between different regions(P0.01).There was no significant difference of goiter rate in the early intervention between different ages,different genders,and different ethnic groups(P0.05),but goiter rate was higher in Mountain area than that in the plain between different regions(P0.01).In the comprehensive intervention stage there was no significant difference of goiter rate between different ages,different genders,and different ethnic groups and the same in different regions(P0.05).Through the implementation of comprehensive intervention,children goiter rate decreased from 23.40% in 1993 to 4.06% in 1998,and were controlled within 5% from 1998 to 2011.Conclusion The comprehensive intervention is a effective measure to reduce the goiter rate of children,which should be improved continuously.


A LTHOUGH the roots of Swedish patriotism may go deeper than Christianity, the intense love of one's native land seems mainly to be a phenomenon of the fifteenth century.2 There is nothing unusual in this, nor, for that matter, in the growth of Swedish patriotism. Whatever the basic motivation of Engelbrekt or the Stures, there was a struggle to maintain national identity and independence from Denmark, and strong feelings were aroused which could be used in the next century to help create the modern Swedish state.3 Part of late medieval Swedish patriotism was evidently simple xenophobia, but part


AbstractCobalt (hydro)oxide films on AISI 304 stainless steel and sintered metal fibre filter Bekipor ST 20AL3 were prepared using electrochemical deposition from neutral cobalt acetate solutions under galvanostatic conditions. Deposited films were structurally characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. All electrochemical measurements were performed in aqueous NaOH solution. Capacitive behavior of different films was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry data. The highest specific capacitance (965 F g−1) was reached when Bekipor ST 20AL3 mesh was used as a support for electroactive substance.


Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common blood cancer in adults and known for its heterogeneous disease course. The nature of CLL calls for new studies of pathogenetic variables validated by prognostic impact. Here we propose a new biological classification system of CLL that associates normal B cell subsets gene expression (GE) signatures (BAGS) with GE in CLL. We used fluorescence activated cell sorting, GE profiling, and statistical modeling to generate a B-cell associated gene signature (BAGS) classifier for pre-BI, pre-BII, immature, naive, memory, and plasma cells harvested from healthy bone marrow samples during cardiac surgery. We used the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify 8 independent CLL cohorts with available microarray data generated on compatible array platforms. Altogether, the study included 1239 patients, who were untreated at sampling for microarray analysis. The classifier was established using regularized multinomial regression on median-centered GE profiles from the normal B cell subsets and consisted of 184 genes with 27-54 genes per subtype. Each patient was assigned to a BAGS subtype (pre-BI, pre-BII, immature, naive, memory, and plasmacell) according to the highest probability score of the classifier. The minimum probability threshold for confident classification was chosen such that 15% remained unclassified. BAGS subtype frequencies in the CLL cohorts were analyzed using Fisher9s exact test and revealed a distribution pattern that did not vary significantly between the 8 cohorts (P = 0.22) (Fig 1). Most samples were classified as memory (28.1-45.5%), followed by naive (15.2-32.3%), pre-BI (10.0-17.6 %), immature (0.0-8.7%), plasmacell (1.8-4.6%), and pre-BII (0.0-3.9%). To validate the prognostic impact, our primary endpoint was time to treatment start and was evaluated using the Kaplan Meier method using available data (n = 68). We saw a significant shorter time to treatment start amongst patient with a pre-germinal center CLL subtype (pre-BI, pre-BII, immature, and naive) compared to post-germinal center subtypes (memory and plasmacell) (P = 0.03) (Fig 2). Next, BAGS subtype was associated with the IgVH mutational status (n = 222), which showed that a larger proportion of post-germinal center subtypes had mutated IgVH genes (73.4%), whereas pre-germinal center subtypes were just as likely to have unmutated IgVH genes (48.8%) as mutated IgVH genes (52.2%). Finally, to investigate biological differences between the BAGS subtypes, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEG) in each subtype versus the rest. Fisher9s method was used to combine p-values for statistically significant DEGs in a metaanalyis including all cohorts. Of known therapeutic CLL targets, CD20 and CD52 were both significantly upregulated in the memory BAGS subtype compared to the rest. Using a phenotypic cell of origin approach, our findings show that CLL samples display end-stage phenotypes resembling the whole spectrum of normal B-cells and indicate transcriptional plasticity as a trait that may contribute to the heterogeneity observed in CLL. Disclosures El-Galaly:Roche: Consultancy, Other: travel funding.


In this study, the authors have analyzed the ambient PM2.5 concentration data collected in the US during the period between 1988 and 1993 to examine the relationship of PM fine episodes to ozone and meteorology. The data base includes AIRS data, IMPROVE data, and the California special monitoring data. To minimize the influence of different data collection methods and to allow a fair comparison between urban and rural episodes, they have used a normalization technique of applying temporal data distribution parameters to select PM2.5 episodes. Among the 81 selected regional PM2.5 episode days more than half (46) of them occurred in the summer. The synoptic analysis results suggest that PM2.5 episodes are essentially associated with the summertime stagnant high pressure systems in most parts of the United States except for California. In California, the influence of cold season stagnant high pressure systems and topographic trapping of pollutants are the key triggering mechanisms for regional PM2.5 episodes. While the PM2.5 episodes and ozone episodes are so closely related in the eastern United States, they are almost totally decoupled in California. This is confirmed by the regression analyses of PM2.5 versus ozone and meteorology which show that ozone is the best predictormore » for PM2.5 in the East but not even close to being a significant predictor in California. Both the synoptic and regression analyses suggest that pollutant transport (as revealed in the wind speed and direction) is much more important to high PM2.5 concentrations in the East than in the West. The episodic relationship of PM2.5 and meteorology are analyzed using a spline function to fit through the 99th percentile of all paired PM2.5-meteorology data in a region.« less


Resumen en: The author points out the importance of Psychic reality in breast cancer patients and the fact that psychological support is essential, though many ti...


The year 2014 brought great social and cultural disruptions to Ukraine. Euromaidan, the annexation of Crimea, and war in the Donbas led to significant social and political changes, with crucial transformations in the Ukrainians' historical memory playing an important role in them. Public appeals to history accompanied most political processes in 2014 and were always used for self-legitimization by both sides of the conflict. Changes in attitude towards the Soviet cultural and historical legacy and the formation of a new memory about Euromaidan ("the invention of tradition") might be considered as a major shift in this field. The aim of this article is to observe and analyze major trends of the politics of memory in Ukraine in 2014 and early 2015.


Purpose – An indication that complexity economics proposes a more adequate description of economic phenomena and the basis of a strategy to combat the COVID-19 pandemic than traditional economics, which may be the beginning of a breakthrough in the development of economic sciences. Research method – Analysis of the literature on the subject and deductive reasoning. Results – The adoption of the complexity economics perspective in the description of the phenomena accompanying the pandemic allows for a credible explanation of the problems and limitations of the anti-coronavirus policy and provides an interesting basis for an action strategy that gives a chance to use the current crisis to initiate economic development processes more adequate to contemporary economic, ecological and social challenges, and also to revise the hitherto achievements of economic science. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The article is a contribution to the discussion on the economic aspects of the pandemic and the theory of economics, it is also an original interpretation of the theses of complexity economics in the context of the COVID-19 problem.


Welsh politics of the ninth, tenth and eleventh centuries, even according to the traditional pattern' (p. 81) (whatever may be the precise meaning of this last phrase); or that 'for much of the central middle ages Wales was a place to plunder' (p. 91); or that 'for all the continuities, the most striking political development of the tenth century is the fact that [throughout Wales] there was dynastic instability' (p. 36). From the mid-tenth century Welsh rulers tended to operate on a Wales-wide stage (p. 42), a phenomenon which has important antecedents in Ireland. This book is a welcome addition to the rather small collection of scholarly books on early medieval Wales. For those students who have not the stomach for R. R. Davies's Conquest, coexistence and change: Wales, 1063-1415 (Oxford, 1987) David Walker's Medieval Wales is an attractive alternative. Basically it is a narrative of political developments in Wales between the eleventh and fourteenth centuries (chapters 2-7) with a brief prelude and an equally brief postscript. The select bibliography (pp 192-213) is rather impressive and in a way makes up for the absence of footnotes; the author, an expert in the field for many years, has a number of interesting suggestions to make for which one would like to know the basis. Unlike Davies's study, Walker's book is a narrative based largely on the traditional political sources. Not surprisingly, the two Llywelyns are given extended treatment: Llywelyn ab Iorwrth is dealt with in greater depth than is customary, and his achievements are well worked out; conversely, the inner Welsh opposition to the centralising policy of Llywelyn ap Gruffydd is given adequate expression (p. 122). The book is refreshingly free from nationalist prejudice and thus does not in any way glorify the princes of Gwynedd in the thirteenth century with whom it deals extensively. The subsequent course of events, conquest and integration, may be characterised by the following comment: 'If it is possible to view a code of law imposed upon a conquered people dispassionately, the statute of Rhuddlan was a fine piece of work' (p. 144). It is truly amazing how modern affinities still have a bearing on the presentation of the past. In this respect, Walker's is a good antidote against some recent glorifications of Edward I.


Abstract A new complex, [Pt(valcyte)(DMSO)Cl]Cl, in which valcyte (trade name) served as valganciclovir hydrochloride drug ([2-[(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)methoxy]-3-hydroxypropyl](2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoate), was synthesized and characterized by different physicochemical methods. Binding interaction of this complex with calf-thymus DNA (ct-DNA) has been investigated by multispectroscopic techniques. The complex displays significant binding properties with ct-DNA. The results of fluorescence and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy indicated that this complex interacted with ct-DNA in a groove-binding mode, and the binding constant was 3.8 × 104 M−1. Furthermore, the complex induced detectable changes in the CD spectrum of ct-DNA and slightly changed its viscosity which verified the groove-binding mode. Finally, all results indicated that Pt(II) complex interact with DNA via groove-binding mode.


Dehydration is an effective method to preserve meat. Fresh (4C) and frozen (-18C) pork shoulders were processed by two dehydration methods through adding two variable fat levels (2% and 12%). Results indicated that the pH values (6.33) and TBA values (0.63 μg/g) of the dehydrated pork didn't change significantly during 7 weeks of storage at room temperature (27C). On a 9-point scale, sensory scores (rancidity and overall acceptance, etc.) did not change (p > 0.05) during storage. The CFUs/g for both bacteria and molds were low (TPC < 200 CFU/g; mold counts < 30 CFU/g). Shredded pork has a stable shelf-life, and it has potential as a popular meat snack or an ingredient in food mixtures.


Primary objective: Much research and practice related to the design and implementation of information technology in health care has been atheoretical. It is argued that using extant theory to develop testable models of health information technology (HIT) benefits both research and practice. Methods and procedures: several theories of motivation, decision making, and technology acceptance are reviewed and associated theory-based principles of HIT usage behaviour are produced. Main outcomes and results: the case of medical error reporting technology is used to support the validity of the proposed HIT usage behaviour principles. Further, combining these principles produces a testable, theoretical multilevel model of HIT usage behaviour. The model provides an alternative to atheoretical research and practice related to HIT. Conclusions: developing, testing, and revising models of HIT like the one presented here is suggested to be beneficial to researchers and practitioners alike.


Today most applications continuously produce information under the form of streams, due to the advent of the means of collecting data. Sensors and social networks collect an immense variety and volume of data, from different real-life situations and at a considerable velocity. Increasingly, applications require processing of heterogeneous data streams from different sources together with large background knowledge. To use only the information on the data stream is not enough for many use cases. Semantic Complex Event Processing (CEP) systems have evolved from the classical rule-based CEP systems, by integrating high-level knowledge representation and RDF stream processing using both the data stream and background static knowledge. Additionally, CEP approaches lack the capability to semantically interpret and analyze data, which Semantic CEP (SCEP) attempts to address. SCEP has several limitations; one of them is related to their high processing time. This paper provides a conceptual model and an implementation of an infrastructure for distributed SCEP, where each SCEP operator can process part of the data and send it to other SCEP operators in order to achieves some answer. We show that by splitting the RDF stream processing and the background knowledge using the concept of SCEP operators, it's possible to considerably reduce processing time.


A new evolutionary approach for crystal structure determination of powders based on X-ray diffraction full-profile analysis and genetic algorithm of global optimization is suggested. An investigation of the given algorithm efficiency is carried out on test real-world problems of structure investigation.


In the time,a new school of the calligraphy of Chinese character China's cotemporary finger painting is rising.The originator of the school is MENG Qing jia——the famous artist of contemporary finger painting.


Smart city brings enormous opportunities and exciting challenges. In a smart city, operations and services such as traffic, transport, electric power, and water distribution are monitored, operated, and controlled through ICT based infrastructure, smartly. This allows efficient management of resources and facilitates smooth access to services. However, it also induces stringent requirements and challenges for uninterrupted operation and execution of ICT-based monitoring and controlled infrastructure. Cybersecurity is one of the foremost challenges in a smart city network. That is, protecting the smart city application services from cyber-attacks and ensuring continuity of services is utmost desirable. As smart city services typically comprised of web based applications, application level distributed denial of service (AL-DDoS) attack is a major cybersecurity threat that can have catastrophic impact on an extremely critical smart city network. This paper presents an efficient framework for AL-DDoS attack detection and mitigation for a smart city network. The proposed framework utilizes Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm to implement resilient design that ensures continuity of smart city application services. The framework integrates a sound mechanism that distinguishes AL-DDoS attack from legitimate flash crowd. This is a novel framework that addresses the flash crowd attack detection and mitigation in a smart city environment using SDN.


Small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements are being made to probe the microstructures on a scale from about 1 to 25 nm of amorphous silicon and silicon‐based alloy films prepared in several laboratories using a variety of deposition techniques. Assuming a film structure composed of voids dispersed in an amorphous network of constant density, volume fractions of the voids (Vf) are determined while measurements of the films at various tilt angles relative to the x‐ray beam gives information on the shapes and orientations of the voids. For a‐Si:H films deposited using the rf glow discharge method at conditions similar to those used for preparing device quality material, Vf values are between 1 and 2% with most of the voids being very small (around 1 nm) and either spherical in shape or randomly oriented throughout the sample. Films made under conditions which are not optimized with respect to the photoelectronic properties contain larger voids which are elongated and preferentially oriented, suggestiv...


The requirements of a PACS database system (PACS DBS), which has been characterized to have large-volume image data, multi-media data and cross-modality reference, suggest the adoption of a distributed approach to PACS DBS design. This paper presents the design and the implementation of such a distributed PACS DBS. The design issues of a distributed PACS DBS include distributed transaction management for concurrency/recovery/security control, catalogue management for archiving fragmentation/location/replication transparency, and strategies for the distributed query processing. A prototype distributed PACS DBS that has been implemented and some implications from its evaluation will be discussed.


The crystal structure of barium oxalate hydrate, BaC 2 O 4 . 3.5 H 2 O, was solved using both synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and neutron powder diffraction data of BaC 2 O 4 . 3.5D 2 O, and synchrotron X-ray single diffraction data, measured on a microcrystal with a mean diameter of 30 μm. The compound is monoclinic, a = 13.445(5) A, b = 7.669(4) A, c = 15.018(6) A, β = 113.92(2)° from the single crystal data, space group C2/c, No. 15, Z = 8, F(000) = 1080, V= 1415.36A 3 , D x = 2.707 Mg m -3 . The precision of the structure determined with the synchrotron X-ray single crystal diffraction data is higher than that obtained from the neutron powder diffraction data. The barium atoms are bonded to the oxalate anions and to the water molecules with ten barium oxygen bonds in the range 2.794(3) A to 2.974(3) A. The structure has hydrogen bonds in the range 2.732(4) A to 2.855(5) A, and the oxalate ion is essentially planar.


Background:  Progression of the core and accessory symptoms of dementia can be slowed if drug therapies and psychosocial interventions are administered at an early stage. The aim of this study was to develop and standardize a neuropsychological test for the elderly that can detect dementia at an early stage with high sensitivity and can evaluate a wide range of severities of dementia based on assessments of various cognitive functions.


Hamster embryos were injected intraamniotically (ia) with 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN) on gestation day 7, 8, or 9 and examined near term. Control treated embryos received 5 μl of water, a needle puncture without injection, or no treatment, and had low rates of resorption and malformation. 6-AN injected ia produced offspring with multiple defects including exencephaly, cleft palate, anophthalmia, micrognathia, and hydrocephalus. In contrast to day-8 and -9 embryos, which responded to 5-μg doses of 6-AN, day-7 embryos required 50–100 μg before exhibiting abnormalities.


A flashtube-pumped photodissociation laser is described that has a 330-J emission energy in one spectral component with a width of 0.05 A and an efficiency of 0.4%. The possibility of spatial stabilization of the lasing zone of such a laser is shown.


Recent contributions to the theory of optimizing fertilizer doses in agricultural crop production have introduced Bayesian ideas to incorporate information on crop yield from several environments and on soil nutrients from a soil test, but they have not used a fully Bayesian formulation. We present such a formulation and demonstrate how the resulting Bayes decision procedure can be evaluated in practice by using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The approach incorporates expert knowledge of the crop and of regional and local soil conditions and allows a choice of crop variety as well as of fertilizer level. Alternative dose–response functions are expressed in terms of a common interpretable set of parameters to facilitate model comparisons and the specification of prior distributions. The approach is illustrated with a set of yield data from spring barley nitrogen–response trials and is found to be robust to changes in the dose–response function and the prior distribution for indigenous soil nitrogen.


Clinical trials for conditions affecting the visual system need to not only conform to the guidelines for all clinical trials, but also accommodate the possibility of both eyes of a single patient qualifying for the trial. In this review, I present the interplay of the key components in the design of a clinical trial, along with the modifications or options that may be available for trials addressing ocular conditions. Examples drawn from published reports of the design and results of clinical trials of ocular conditions are provided to illustrate application of the design principles. Current approaches to data analysis and reporting of trials are outlined, and the oversight and regulatory procedures to protect participants in clinical trials are discussed. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Vision Science, Volume 7 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


Appendiceal metastasis from primary gallbladder cancer is rare. Here we report the case of a 62-year-old
female with stage IV gallbladder cancer who presented to the ED four months after initiation of her cancer
treatment. Diffuse abdominal pain was her only presenting symptom and contrast-enhanced CT imaging
revealed findings consistent with acute appendicitis. Prompt surgical treatment with laparoscopic
appendectomy was initiated. Surprisingly, the histologic analysis was consistent with gallbladder primary
metastatic adenocarcinoma to the appendix rather than primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix.


The matter of long-term stability of long, natural slopes in illitic clay is of great practical importance in Scandinavia and Canada and has been frequently discussed among geotechnical specialists ...


AbstractHealth Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) now serve 15 % of the American population and are a visible part of the competitive health care marketplace in most areas. Shapiro (1) has argued that the recent growth of HMOs may increase the "vigor" of delivery of cancer prevention services to the population because of the organized nature of such practice settings and their historical commitment to prevention. In this report, we will review available evidence about the determinants of effective cancer prevention performance in an effort to assess whether HMOs or various aspects of HMO delivery systems do afford advantages over other methods of delivering cancer prevention services.


Background and Aim: Systematic review of research suggests that different variables can affect the treatment of anxiety and that, although many therapies can be effective, the role of schema therapy in the perfectionism of anxious people has been neglected. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of anxiety treatment through schema therapy on perfectionism of anxious people. The study was an applied quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. Materials and Methods: From among all the women with anxiety aged 20 to 30 years referring to the New Presence Clinic in Tehran, a sample of 30 were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to either an experimental (n =15) or a control (15 people) group. Initially they all completed the Terry-Short et al. (1995) Perfectionism Questionnaire. Then the experimental group received education in schema therapy, followed by a post-test for both . V19 groups. The data were analysed using multivariate analysis of covariance the software SPSS Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups as regards the two components of positive (p<0.019; F=6.275) and negative (p<0.006; F=9.136) perfectionism. Based on the descriptive findings it can be said that, compared with the control group, the experimental group could, after the schema therapy intervention, obtain lower scores in the perfectionism components post-test. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that schema therapy in the treatment of anxiety can reduce the perfectionism of individuals. Therefore, a knowledge of this training can help psychologists, counsellors, students and other professionals to improve the positive and negative perfectionism variables in people suffering from anxiety.


Looking at the need for composite materials, a trial was made to fabricate hybrid metal matrix composite. Efforts were taken to develop composite with three emerging reinforcements like SiC/Al2O3/TiB2 and its compositions were 5%, 3% and 2% respectively. The aluminium metal matrix designed for this composite is aluminium alloy Al6061. Stir casting bottom pouring technique was used to fabricate the specimen successfully. The fabricated Hybrid metal matrix composite after various attempts was made to undergo various tests to examine its strength and property. Specimen was made from the casting and micro structural analysis was carried out using optical microscope and SEM. Results of micro structural analysis prove the existence and dispersion of reinforcements in the matrix phase.. Specimens were prepared in order to test its hardness due to the addition reinforcements. Vickers hardness test and its value which is equal to 122.13 HRC indicate elevated hardness value upto 50% when compare to the hardness value of parent alloy. Tensile specimens were prepared using wire EDM as per ASTM E8 standards. There is no considerable improvement in tensile strength due to addition of above reinforcements. Failure analysis was carried and the factors caused failure was analyzed. In order to study and understand the wear resistance property of Composite which it is mainly known for, wear test was carried out and test results proves the increase in wear resistance property of Composite in terms of frictional force and coefficient of friction. Introduction. Requirement of engineering materials paves the way for invention of advanced materials like super alloys, ceramics, and composites. In these advanced materials Composites have distinguished properties such as increased wear resistance, high specific strength, strength-to-weight ratio, strength to cost ratio etc. This unique property finds application in aerospace, defense, marine, etc. This motivates researchers to fabricate composite with constitution of various reinforcements with aluminum matrix. The addition any one of the reinforcements like SiC, B4C, Al2O3, ZrSiO4, TiN, and TiB2 have been carried out and in process as well. Efforts have been initiated to fabricate metal matrix using in situ salt reactions [1]. The stir casting process parameters were thoroughly examined by Pai. It has been concluded that, stir casting process is relatively simple and less expensive as compared to other processing methods [2,3]. Production of composites using stir casting process needs equal distribution of abrasive particles with the metal matrix. S. Balasivanandha Prabu "Influence of stirring speed and stirring time on distribution of particles in cast metal matrix composite". In the present study, high silicon content aluminium alloy–silicon carbide metal matrix composite material, with 10% SiC were successfully synthesized, using different stirring speeds and stirring times.. [4]. Cast composite mainly replace steel and alloys used in aerospace, defense mainly wear resistant applications. Titanium diboride (TiB2) gives a number of advantages over traditional ceramic reinforcements such as silicon carbide (SiC) or alumina (Al2O3). But fabrication of composite reinforced with TiB2 has number of challenges [5]. During fabrication of TiB2 chances of formation of cluster is at high side. [6]. TiB2 has resistance to chemical reaction with Aluminum. The wear © 2017 The Authors. Published by Magnolithe GmbH. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/


A simple accurate and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of meloxicam and piroxicam concentrations in small volume plasma samples has been developed. Following a liquid extraction using chloroform, samples were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on an XBridge C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm) and quantified using ultraviolet detection at 360 nm. The mobile phase was a mixture of water with glacial acetic acid (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (50 : 50), with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The standard curve ranged from 5 to 10,000 ng/mL for meloxicam in bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) plasma and piroxicam in crane (Grus rubicunda) plasma. Intra- and interassay variability for meloxicam and piroxicam were less than 10% and the average recovery was greater than 90% for both drugs. This method was developed in bearded dragon and crane plasma and should be applicable to any species, making it useful for those investigators dealing with small sample volumes, particularly when conducting pharmacokinetics studies which require multiple sampling from the same animal.


1. Introduction: Conflict for a Continent: Land, Labor, and the State in the Revolutionary American Republic, Andrew Shankman Section I: Movement and Mastery: Eighteenth Century Origins of the Revolutionary Republic 2. Movement of Ideas, Movement of Goods: The British Empire in Theory and Practice, Zara Anishanslin 3. Slavery and the Causes of the American Revolution In Plantation British America, Trevor Burnard 4. Native Nations in the Age of Revolution, Christina Snyder Section II: The Quest for Continental Control 5. Independent for Whom?: Expansion and Conflict in the South and Southwest, Kathleen DuVal 6. Independence for Whom?: Expansion and Conflict in the Northeast and Northwest, Alyssa Mt. Pleasant 7. "Such Things Ought Not to Be:" The American Revolution and the First National Great Depression, Allan Kulikoff 8. Consolidating a Revolutionary Republic, Max M. Edling 9. The Empire of Liberty: Land of the Free, Home of the Slave, Peter Onuf 10. Atlantic Antislavery, American Ambition: The Problem of Slavery in the United States in an Age of Disruption, 1770-1808, James Alexander Dun 11. The War of 1812: The Struggle for a Continent, Alan Taylor 12. The Theory of Civilized Sentiments: Emotion and the Creation of the United States, Nicole Eustace Section III: Internal and External Conflicts: The Emergence of a Continental Hegemon 13. Natural Rights and National Greatness: Economic Ideology and Social Policy in the American States, 1780s-1820s, J.M. Opal 14. Land Conflict and Land Policy in the United States, 1785-1841, Reeve Huston 15. The "High-road to a Slave Empire:" Conflict and the Growth and Expansion of Slavery on the North American Continent, John Craig Hammond 16. Dissenters from the Mainstream: the National and International Dimensions of Moral Reform, Emily Conroy-Krutz 17. The Pendulum Swings: The Rise of an Anti-Slavery Sentiment between the American Revolution and the Civil War, Richard Newman 18. The World the Slaveholders Craved: Proslavery Internationalism in the 1850s, Matthew Karp 29. The Republic in Peril: Expansion, the Politics of Slavery, and the Crisis of the 1850s, Michael A. Morrison


The invention discloses a refrigeration system which comprises an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, wherein the indoor unit comprises a compressor, a first indoor heat exchanger and a second indoor heat exchanger; the outdoor unit comprises an outdoor heat exchanger; an exhaust port of the compressor is connected with one end of the outdoor heat exchanger; the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with one end of the first indoor heat exchanger; the other end of the first indoor heat exchanger is connected with a gas returning port of the compressor, so that a loop in an air conditioning mode is formed; the second indoor heat exchanger is lower than the outdoor heat exchanger; one end of the second indoor heat exchanger is connected with one end of the outdoor heat exchanger; and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the other end of the second indoor heat exchanger, so that a loop in a heat tube mode is formed. The invention further discloses a refrigeration method of the refrigeration system. The technical scheme meets cooling requirements at different temperatures of working conditions, the refrigeration efficiency is improved, and the purchase cost of equipment is reduced.


Rheological features of liquid crystalline polymers are analyzed on the basis of the invariant theory of viscoelastic fluids with tensorial viscosity and relaxation time. As examples, simple shear and elongational flows of transversely isotropic viscoelastic fluids, were examined. The longitudinal and transverse (with respect to director) viscosities and relaxation times are introduced.


Introduction 1. The telescope maker 2. The deep sky before Herschel 3. Surveyor of the skies 4. The Herschel catalogue General references Index.


Computer-based instruction systems commonly present information and then attempt to get some feedback from the student in order to engage the student in the process. Most of these feedback mechanisms involve multiple choice quizzes or entering a value. In the case of a multiple choice quiz, the student may be directed to some remediation. Having the student enter a value in response to a specific request requires more thought and effort on the student's part, but opens the door to a seemingly infinite number of wrong answers. Can these two systems be reconciled, and is there a better way to engage the student?


(57) Abstract: The present invention is a ligand of the CCR5 receptor, in particular, substituted bis antagonist - about acridine and related compounds. Furthermore, the present invention is, CCR5 receptor antagonist is substituted bis - by the use of acridine and related compounds, but are not limited to, asthma and atopic disorders in a mammal (e.g., atopic dermatitis and allergies), rheumatoid rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, for the treatment and prevention of disease states mediated by CCR5 including autoimmune diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Moreover, CCR5 are the co-receptor for entry of HIV into cells, selective receptor ligands may be useful in the treatment of HIV infection.


Propagation of fast-mode magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in interstellar space is simulated, and a focusing MHD wave model is proposed for triggered star formation (SF). Waves from an SF region are trapped by nearby molecular clouds and converge onto their focal points, causing implosive compression. Even an isolated cloud suffers from long-distance invasion of waves from remote sources. Echoing SF occurs inside a cloud as well as between clouds. Repetitive refocusing in a filamentary cloud suggests spatial periodicity in SF sites along the filament. The model is applied to the SF regions M 16 and M 17, where MHD waves produced by M 16 are shown to converge onto the focal point of the nearby giant molecular cloud and trigger the SF in M 17.


T3 and/or rT3 were administered to sheep in order 1) to determine their influence on plasma cyclic nucleotides and 2) to examine their effects on serum T4, T3, rT3, 3′,5′-diiodothyronine (3′,5′T2), 3,3′T2, and 3′-monoiodothyronine (3′T1). The animals were divided into five groups, and each group received one of the following treatments: 1) placebo, 2) low T3 (1.5 μg/kg), 3) high T3 (4.5 μg/kg), 4) high rT3 (4 μg/kg), or 5) low rT3 (2.5 μ/kg) plus low T3 (1.5 μ/kg) in combination. Treatments were administered every 8 h for 6 days, and the animals were studied throughout this period. Cyclic nucleotides and iodothyronines were measured by RIA. High dose T3 treatment increased plasma cAMP by 52% (P < 0.02), whereas plasma cGMP was unaffected. Other treatments did not alter plasma cyclic nucleotides. Both low and high dose T3 treatment decreased T4 and rT3 levels, whereas rT3 treatment did not alter levels of serum T4 or T3. Serum 3,3′T2 concentrations were increased by rT3 and T3 treatment, both singly and in...


Why should wait for some days to get or receive the broadband islands towards integration proceedings of the 2nd international conference on broadband islands athens greece 14 16 june 1993 book that you order? Why should you take it if you can get the faster one? You can find the same book that you order right here. This is it the book that you can receive directly after purchasing. This broadband islands towards integration proceedings of the 2nd international conference on broadband islands athens greece 14 16 june 1993 is well known book in the world, of course many people will try to own it. Why don't you become the first? Still confused with the way?


It is shown that tunable digital controllers incorporating dynamic pole-assignment compensators for open-loop unstable multivariable plants with time-invariant parameters can be readily rendered adaptive so as to cope with such plants with time-variant parameters. The effectiveness of such an adaptive digital controller incorporating a dynamic pole-assignment compensator is illustrated by designing an adaptive set-point tracking controller for the STOL/F-15 aircraft in a flight condition for which this aircraft is open-loop unstable.


This literature review explores the global trend towards implementing English as a medium of instruction in the form of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and English as a Medium of In ...


The serotonin receptor agonist sumatriptan is used widely in its oral and subcutaneous forms for treating migraine headache. This study examined the


Let F be a non-archimedean local field of characteristic different from 2. We consider distributions on GL ( n + 1 , F ) which are invariant under the adjoint action of GL ( n , F ) . We prove that any such distribution is invariant under transposition. This implies that the restriction to GL ( n , F ) of any irreducible smooth representation of GL ( n + 1 , F ) is multiplicity free. The characteristic zero case was proven in [5], and we use many ideas of that proof.


Ah Sam and Joe Quin with vegetables, preparing for market in Roxburgh. Photograph taken circa February 1903 by an unidentified photographer.
Originally published in the Otago Witness, 10 February 1903, with the caption: "Ah Sam and Joe Quin, who are old identities of Roxburgh, are shortly leaving for China."
Quantity: 1 b&w copy negative(s).
Physical Description: Film negative


The experiment was carried out under field conditions, where the fruits were harvest in Brazilian guava trees with six years old, growing on orchard of EMBRAPA- Temperate weather. The aim of the research was to determine the chemical composition, the efficiency of glucose conversion in new compounds and growth respiration estimate of the fruits during its ontogeny. The macronutrients content decreased with fruit development cycle. The contents of starch, total soluble sugars, reduced sugars, lipids and organic acids augmented as the fruits aged, while the protein contents and the components of cell wall decreased during fruit ontogeny, with strong accumulation during ripening. The carbohydrates were the major organic compounds, determining low cost of fruit respiration. The Brazilian guava showed to be an efficient fruit on glucose conversion in other organic compounds. The respiratory coefficient decreased as the fruit aged. The growth respiration rate increased until the middle of accelerate growth phase of the fruit.


Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of performing longitudinal image‐based measurements using CT and MR to estimate contrast agent concentrations in organs and tissues in vivo. Method and Materials: A CT and MR contrast agent (200 mg/kg of iodine and 16 mg/kg of gadolinium encapsulated in liposomes) was administered intravenously to a 2 kg New Zealand White rabbit. At 5 minutes, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 168 hours following contrast injection, the rabbit was imaged in CT (120kV, 200mA) and in MR (3D FSPGR, TR/TE= 9.8/4.3). 1mL of blood was collected from the same rabbit at each of the above times. The rabbit liver and spleen were harvested at the study end point (168 hours). The blood and tissues samples were then analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure iodine content and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) to measure gadolinium content. Results: The differential blood CT attenuation vs. plasma iodine concentration correlation was well approximated with a linear fit (R2=0.9), while the differential blood MR signal intensity vs. plasma gadolinium concentration correlation was found to be nonlinear. These correlations were used to estimate the iodine and gadolinium content in the liver and the spleen. Using the CT correlation, the liver and the spleen iodine content were estimated to be 70% and 60% of the extracted amounts, respectively. The MR‐based method did not yield satisfactory gadolinium content estimates. Conclusion: This study attempted to correlate CT attenuation and MR signal increases to local iodine and gadolinium concentrations, respectively. In CT, the linear correlation obtained with blood data allowed for estimation of iodine content in the liver and spleen to 60–70% accuracy. In MR, although the presence of the contrast agent could be detected visually over a 7‐day period, additional effort is required to achieve reliable agent concentration estimations.


Dr. James Kjelland, director of string development activities and cosupervisor of instrumental student teachers at the University of Southern California, has been both participant and faculty member at past National String Workshops. This year he writes from the perspective of an observer.