Significance Generalised selenoprotein deficiency has been associated with mutations in SECISBP2, SEPSECS and TRU-TCA1-1, three factors crucial for incorporation of the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) into at least 25 human selenoproteins. SECISBP2 and TRU-TCA1-1 defects are characterised by a multisystem phenotype due to deficiencies of antioxidant and tissue-specific selenoproteins, together with abnormal thyroid hormone levels reflecting impaired hormone metabolism by deiodinase selenoenzymes. SEPSECS mutations are associated with a predominantly neurological phenotype with progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy. Recent Advances The recent identification of individuals with defects in genes encoding components of the selenocysteine insertion pathway has delineated complex and multisystem disorders, reflecting lack of selenoproteins in specific tissues, oxidative damage due to lack of oxidoreductase-active selenoproteins and other pathways whose nature is unclear. Critical Issues: Abnormal thyroid hormone metabolism in patients can be corrected by T3 treatment. No specific therapies for other phenotypes (muscular dystrophy, male infertility, hearing loss, neurodegeneration) exist as yet, but their severity often requires supportive medical intervention. Future Directions. These disorders provide unique insights into the role of selenoproteins in humans. The longterm consequences of reduced cellular antioxidant capacity remain unknown and future surveillance of patients may reveal time-dependent phenotypes (e.g. neoplasia, ageing) or consequences of deficiency of selenoproteins whose function remains to be elucidated. The role of antioxidant therapies requires evaluation.


The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the neopentyl peroxy radical (CH3)3CCH2O2, and the kinetics and products of its self reaction have been studied in the gas phase at 298 K. Absorption cross sections were quantified over the wavelength range 230–290 nm. The measured cross section at 250 nm was;

Errors represent statistical (2σ) together with our estimate of potential systematic errors(15%). The kinetics of the decay of the UV absorption following the generation of the neopentyl peroxy radicals was complicated by the rapid decomposition of the (CH3)3CCH2O radicals formed in channel (4a).

By measuring the yield of t-butyl peroxy radicals, the branching ratio k4a/(k4a + k4b) was determined to be 0.39 ± 0.03. The rate constant for the self reaction of neopentyl peroxy radicals was k4 = (1.07 ± 0.22) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. Quoted errors represent 2σ. These results are discussed with respect to the available literature data. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The study is investigated distance perception both in virtual and real environments within exocentric distance at peri-personal space. The study examined virtual targets seen through the 3D glasses, and combined real and virtual objects. The result give evidence that exocentric distance of virtual and combined real and virtual objects is underestimated at peri-personal distance. This result indicates the same degree of underestimation when showed both the real + virtual environments with Head Mounted Display technology. Although, the results show underestimated for exocentric within peri-personal space, the reason why this happened remains unknown.


Clinical bedside teaching for eight-year students is set with higher criteria,traditional teaching methods and solo case-based learning(CBL)could not matched with it.We integrated the combination of CBL with problem-based learning(PBL)and seminar into bedside teaching of respiratory medicine to eight-year medical students.This stereo teaching model stimulated students' innovation and initiative,cultivated their team work spirit and clinical thinking,and elevated their ability to solve clinical problems.Moreover,this stereo teaching developed student-teacher interactive communication and improved both learning and teaching.


A case study using a balanced scorecard approach to strategic management is described for an engineering development organization supporting a major academic healthcare center. While balanced scorecards are well described in the literature, this paper shows how one organization, the Mayo Clinic Division of Engineering, has applied these principles to develop an effective means of capturing and tracking the execution of tactics tied to our strategic plan. The challenges of developing a set of operational objectives and a framework for balancing the organization's strategic objectives, operational objectives, ongoing business processes, and project portfolio will be described.


Nowadays nanoparticles have widespread application in various industries and medicine because of their special and unique futures. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have increased production and widespread application in biological systems, but there are limited studies in side effects of these nanoparticles. This study done by 48 wistarrats with daily injection of different doses of zinc oxidenano particles intraperitoneally (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg / kg). After a 21 –day period, threats were bled and serum level of LH, FSH and testosterone hormones were measured, blood cholesterol level measured also. The results showed a significant effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on testosterone and cholesterol level of blood. The results indicate in the dose of 40mg / kg, FSH significantly decreased, but no significant change in LH levels was observed at the doses administered. It's may be LH and FSH decreased by negative feedback of increased TSH. This study revealed presence of nanoparticle cause decreased FSH and increased TSH and cholesterol and not significant deceased in LH level.


Hyaluronan is a biopolymer that is essential for many biological processes in the human body, like the regulation of tissue lubrication and inflammatory responses. Here we study the behavior of hyaluronan at aqueous surfaces using heterodyne-detected vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy (HD-VSFG). We find that high-molecular weight hyaluronan (>1 MDa) does not come to the surface, even hours after addition of the polymer to the aqueous solution. In contrast, low-molecular weight hyaluronan (~150 kDa) gradually covers the water-air interface within hours, leading to a negatively charged surface and a reorientation of the interfacial water molecules. This strong dependence on the polymer molecular weight can be explainend from entanglements of the hyaluronan polymers. We also find that the migration kinetics of hyaluronan in aqueous media shows an anomalous dependence on the pH of the solution, which can be explained from the interplay of hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions of the hyaluronan polymers.


The paper summarizes several recent developments in process simulation and optimization methods and tools. A selection of results obtained using these computations is included as well. It is shown that tailor-made simulations may provide key insights necessary for optimum design and operation of various processes and equipment.


This paper is devoted to analysis of the stability of the economy according to an extended version of Kaldor's economic growth model. We consider the role of the government and its simultaneous monetary and fiscal policies and we study whether or not a time delay between the recognition and the implementation of its fiscal policy can affect the economic stability. Numerical simulations provide further conclusions about the long-term behavior of the four variables modeled—namely, national income, capacity of production, bonds value and money supply.


The microbial population within the rumen has long been considered to have the capability of extensively degrading all dietary amino acids. Results from our feeding trial revealed that this dogma is not correct. In vitro studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that certain AAs undergo little degradation by ruminal microbes. Whole ruminal fluid (3 mL, containing microorganisms) from cannulated adult steers (~500 kg, n = 6) was incubated at 37oC with 5 mM L-glutamine, L-glutamate, L-arginine, or L-citrulline for 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 h to determine time-dependnet changes in the metabolism of these amino acids. Additional ruminal fluid was incubated with 0, 0.5, 2 or 5 mM L-glutamine, L-glutamate, L-arginine, or L-citrulline for 2 h to determine dose-dependent changes in their metabolism. An aliquot (50 µl) of the incubation solution was collected at the predetermined time points for amino acid analyses. There was extensive hydrolysis of L-glutamine into L-glutamate and ammonia, and L-arginine into L-ornithine, L-proline and ammonia, but the near absence of catabolism of extra-cellular L-glutamate and no degradation of extra-cellular L-citrulline by ruminal microbes. There was little uptake of L-glutamate and no detectable uptake of L-citrulline by the cells. These results indicate, for the first time, that ruminal microbes of adult steers do not degrade extra-cellular L-citrulline and that metabolism of extra-cellular L-glutamate is negligible compared to their ability to extensively catabolize extra-cellular L-arginine and L-glutamine.


Introduction. The article is devoted to identifying and interpreting the reasons and forms of protest activity of representatives of the youth cohort in the context of the institutionalization of modern digital society and digital policy. The common and specific features of the protest activity of Russian and foreign youth in the context of the content and level of their digital culture are characterized. The attention is focused on the dominant trends in the transformation of the practices of protest behavior in online and offline formats, taking into account the restrictive measures caused by the spread of COVID-19. Methods. The work was prepared within the framework of political science discourse using modern scientific theories and concepts. The authors rely on the main provisions of the activity-activist approach (A. Giddens, V. Yadov), the concept of "traumatic changes" (P. Sztompka) and "network society" (M. Castells). At the same time, the characterization of digital transformations and innovations (society, politics, culture) is carried out in the context of the ideas of "digital counterculture" (C. Gere), domestic researchers analyzing the consumer behavior of youth in the digital environment (T. Beregovskaya, S. Grishaeva). The work uses theoretical and empirical methods for analyzing the results obtained by leading domestic and foreign research centers, as well as with the direct participation of the authors in the implementation of grant activities. Results. An attempt is made to conduct political science analysis of the modern approaches to understanding the phenomenon of youth protest activity, its dominant forms in the context of the institutionalization of digital policy and the transformation of value orientations in the new structure of "digital culture". The relationship between the protest activity of representatives of domestic and foreign youth, the practices of their destructive/constructive protest behavior using digital technologies in order to legitimize/ delegitimize the political regime is traced. Highlighted the real and potential resources of the authorities and administration, civil society institutions to minimize destructive factors that contribute to the strengthening of protest (civil, political, etc.) activity of various groups of young people in the context of the spread of the global pandemic. The results of theoretical and empirical studies that reveal the regional specifics of institutional forms of protest activity in modern Russia are interpreted. Discussion. The question of the forms and technologies of transformation of protest activity, taking into account the substantive characteristics of the digital culture of youth, its inclusion in the system for ensuring the stable and safe development of the Russian Federation, remains poorly studied. Authors' contributions. S.A. Pankratov developed the theoretical basis of the research and carried out the general scientific edition of the article. S.I. Morozov analyzed the dominant tendencies of youth protest activity. S.D. Gavrilov interpreted the results of theoretical and empirical studies characterizing the process of institutionalization of digital policy.


In May 1951, students at the District Party School of the Socialist Union Party of Germany (SED) in the southern Thuringian city of Suhl evaluated the agitation and propaganda assignments that they had recently completed. Such assignments were a regular exercise in the instruction of future cadres. From these discussions, the difficulties that traditional German nationalism posed to the SED become clear. One student cited words of a party comrade he had talked to on the question of befriending the Polish and the Czechoslovak peoples. Instead of sticking to the official ideological line that rejected chauvinist ideas, this comrade had responded: "[…] I will never make friends with the Czech people. To me they are not human beings." This anger directed against the Czechs by a German communist may have arisen from the frequently brutal deportation of Germans from Czechoslovakia after 1945: the Czechs had not made exceptions for German anti-fascists. It could also be explained by continued anti-Slav sentiment dating from the Nazi years. The file does not elaborate how the incident was resolved. Nevertheless, it demonstrates that nationalist sentiments had survived the collapse of Nazism even with members of the SED. How did the SED counter this heavy national mortgage?


The ubiquitin ligase, NEDD4L, participates in plasma volume and blood pressure regulation by controlling cell surface expression of kidney epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Impairment of ENaC internalization with disrupting Nedd4L binding PY motif in the C‐terminal of the protein showed rare Mendelian human hypertension disorder, Liddle syndrome. Therefore, possible involvements of ENaC‐Nedd4L system abnormalities were suggested in development of human hypertension. Previously, we discovered a common variant, named v13(G/A), that affects the formation of an evolutionally new C2‐encoding isoform of the Nedd4L gene in humans. The aim of this study was to test a hypothesis whether this variant is involved in essential hypertension; we performed the association study in a sample of the Japanese population. We found a gender‐specific genotypic and allelic association with statistical significance achieved only in males. Our data suggest that this genetic variation may contribute to essential hypertension in Japanese male patients through the mechanism of disrupting the C2 encoding isoform in vivo. Furthermore, molecular and functional studies will be required to elucidate the mechanism by which genetic variation in NEDD4L contributes to the development of essential hypertension.


The paper explores correlation between the structure of a mesa-economic system and institutional features. Having analyzed the spatial context of small business and having compared the innovation company clusters of different managerial types, we can state that institutional environment and a type of mesa-economic system proved to be interrelated. We also identified the factors and models of business clusters.


Study of the air velocities and particle concentrations generated by a typical hand grinder is reported. Motivation for the research is the need to improve the controls for respirable particle emissions generated during hand grinding operations. Present methods of reducing worker exposures, such as high velocity, low volume hoods and helmeted, air-supplied respirators, are either not effective for all types of work to be ground, or involve attention and motivation by the worker for their operation. This description of hand grinder air velocities and particle concentrations has not been reported previously, and should help to improve the understanding of the emission process and to develop the methodology necessary for improving old or developing new controls. The optical particle counter used in this work gives a quantitative indication of particle emission paths and relative concentration and is a good indicator of relative control effectiveness.


V2O5 electrochromic (EC) coatings are attractive for various photonic applications owing to their multiple oxidation states discernable by distinct colors. The material also shows massive potential for electrochemical energy storage because of their layered structure and high theoretical capacitance. Here, the solution processing of the electrodes composed of an ultra‐thin layer of MnO2‐encrusted V2O5 (V2O5/MnO2) nanowire mats on fluorinated tin oxide substrates is reported that offer much enhanced electrochemical stability along with a superior energy storage performance compared to a bare V2O5 electrode. The areal capacitance of the V2O5 shows 25.7% enhancement (10.90 to 13.70 mF cm−2 at 5.0 mV cm−2) due to MnO2 encrustation. The fabricated EC devices show three distinct colors, i.e., orange (+3.0 V), green (−2.5 V), and blue (−3.0 V). Capacitance retention of bare V2O5 at 1000 cycles is 71% that increases to 93.6% after MnO2 coating due to the enhanced electrochemical stability.


Research toward powerful information processing systems that circumvent the interconnect bottleneck by exploiting the nonlinear evolution of multiple phase dynamics in locally connected arrays is discussed. We focus on a scheme in which logic states are defined by the electrical phase of a dynamic process and information processing is realized through interactions between the elements in the array. Simulation results are given for networks comprised of neuron-like integrate-and-fire elements, which could potentially be implemented by ultra-small tunnel junctions, molecules and other types of nanoscale elements. This approach could lead to powerful information processing systems due to massive parallelism in simple, highly scalable nano-architectures. The rational for this approach, its advantages, simulation results, critical issues, and future research directions are discussed.


Broadcast-and-Select node architectures based on WSS are a cost-effective solution for transparent switching in optical networks, but have limited flexibility for routing tributary traffic due to directionality. We assess the impact of directionality on restoration in transparent networks.


A unique characteristic of Indonesian banking system is the existence of community development banks, which is owned by local governments. This study examines the performance of this type of banks compared to private and federal government banks. The sample of this study consists of 15 community development banks, 56 private banks, and 3 federal government banks from 1995 to 2006. Using the independent t-test appropriate methodology. The financial performance of banks is measured in terms of profitability, capital structure, banks risk, efficiency, size and deposits measures. Government banks are about 11 times larger than community development banks and private banks. Subsequently, they have the greatest amount of current assets, debt, deposit, financing, and operational costs. However, in term of profits, either operational or net, their amount is not statistically different from the other two types of banks. In fact, in term of net profit, only community development banks show positive amount. Net profit between community development banks and private banks is significantly different. Community development banks have better ROA than government or private banks but the different is only significant between community development banks and private banks. In term of ROE, government banks have the highest ROE but it is not statistically significantly different to community development banks. ROE of either


At present there is no clear and definite specification for procession amd assessment of geochemical data,especially for multi-way procession and delineation of combined anomly and in fact 2 methods are generally applied to the procession and delineation.In the first method some elements are choosed as indicators and chemical analsis of each elements are overprinted then the combination anomly is delineated;in the second method element correlation is emphasized and the combined elements anomly is delineated according to the correlation.This paper presents result of application of the 2 methods to Yanji Fangzhichang gold deposit showing that combination anomly delineated by element correlation is more suitable for geochemical prospecting with more clear significance to ore prospecting.


Relevance: The aim of our study was to assess the degree of penetration of the intestinal area by connective tissue when using a collagen plate in rats with a colon defect. Increasing the efficiency of surgical treatment of pararectal fistulas.
An experimental morphological study was carried out on laboratory rats of the Wistar line, which were divided into two groups consisting of 20 animals each, depending on the method of closure of the intestinal wall defect: group 1 main and group 2 comparison.
The average weight of animals in each group was 180 ± 220 g.
For the purpose of anesthesia, a sodium thiopental solution was used, which was prepared as follows: 1 g of sodium thiopental was diluted in 20 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Each animal was injected with 0.7 ml of a 0.5% solution.
In the main group, the operation of closing the defect of the intestinal wall was carried out using a collagen-fibrin adhesive composition. In the comparison group, the operation of closing the defect of the intestinal wall was performed with interrupted sutures.
At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanized in equal numbers from each group, subject to the conditions of euthanasia, 10, 30, 60 days after surgery.
As a result of the experimental study, the animals of the main group and the comparison group were all alive on day 10 after surgery.
Morphological changes in histological samples of the large intestine with the closure of the intestinal wall defect with a collagen-fibrin adhesive composition consisted in pronounced leuko-lymphocytic cell infiltration. Individual infiltrates were observed that formed lymphoid follicles.
An objective assessment of the immunohistological analysis of the samples of the operated intestine in animals from the comparison group at the same time showed the presence of a defect in the muscle layer with fragments of granuloma formed around the suture material. Filaments, multinucleated giant cells of a foreign body, epithelioid cells, mature dense connective tissue, and coarse collagen fibers were visualized in the samples. Also, in the samples of the intestine near the site of the defect, one can see the absence of complete restoration of the mucous-producing function of the glandular epithelium at the border with the site of damage, as evidenced by the uneven staining of vacuoles with mucin, a decrease in their number. These results indicate the advantage of proliferative inflammation processes with the formation of formed granulomas, foreign bodies around the surgical suture material. Morphological signs are characteristic of the surgical recurrent course of the inflammatory process in the intestinal wall, which was additionally provoked and supported by suture material. The use of the technique of nodular suturing of the intestinal wall defect in the experiment led to uneven germination of connective tissue around the suture material with foci of pronounced productive inflammation.
Immunohistological studies have shown that the use of a collagen-fibrin adhesive composition minimizes the inflammatory reaction in the intestinal wall, accelerates regeneration processes and contributes to the anatomical restoration of the integrity of all layers in the defect zone. The postoperative results showed that among the patients of the main group, after three months of surgery, the recurrence of the perrectal fistula occurred in 1 patient with a collagen-fibrin adhesive composition (1.6%) concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among the patients of the comparison group, 5 patients (8.3%) had recurrent-prolonged wound infection.
The introduction of a collagen-fibrin adhesive composition into the surgical treatment of pararectal fistulas increases the effect of treatment, namely, a decrease in the recurrence rate of 1.6% versus 8.3% in the comparison group.


The government of the Education Office of North Maluku Province is trying to overcome the problem of student distribution for schools in the city of Ternate, especially SMA/SMK/equivalent which aims to make all schools quality and there are no more superior schools. However, new problems arise related to the zoning system itself, sometimes some parents of prospective students and prospective students themselves do not know the schools in their domicile zone. The problem formulation is how to create and compile a Geographic Information System Mapping SMA and SMK in Ternate City. Designing a geographic information system that can provide information about web-based SMA and SMK Mapping in Ternate City and become a reference for the community in choosing their or their children's schools according to the zoning system. For testing the system is in accordance with the stages tested where for testing the system is used black box testing, namely testing to see the suitability of data accessed. The high school and vocational recession geographic information system was built using the PHP programming language, Mysql as a database, while for making locations of high school and vocational high school vulnerable places using google maps, maps API. All high school and vocational tracking information system uploads use black boxes, run as expected on the system upload carried out. From the results of this design, it will make it easier for parents to find information on SMA and SMK schools, such as the domicile zone of the school where they live.


The paper focuses on Gitega, the second largest town in Burundi in which, with the support of the German government, a demand-oriented sanitation project has been launched in 2010 following on a study carried out in 2007-2009. The project was initiated by Burundi's SETEMU as a pilot project for area-wide sanitation improvements in secondary towns. Funded at a level of about 1 million euros, the program is being implemented by the Municipality of Gitega, specifically the city's new sanitation services with support of a consultant (Fichtner Water & Transportation) and GIZ.


Near-field scanning optical microscopy is used in emission mode to measure the mode profile of singlemode fibre. Excellent agreement is obtained between the mode profile of a singlemode fibre measured using emission and collection modes and qualitative agreement obtained between measurements made on a multimoded fibre and a simple theoretical model.


The relationship between diet and insulin responsiveness was examined in isolated solei from 6 week old female Sprague-Dawley rats. Weanling rats were fed either a high fat (HF) (67%kcal) or a high carbohydrate diet (HC) (67% kcal) for 21 days. A significant decrease in plasma insulin (I) but not glucose was observed in the HF fed rats. Insulin stimulated (IS) glucose (G) metabolism was examined using a maximal concentration of I (20 mU/m1). G uptake was estimated using /sup 14/C-2 deoxyglucose (2DG). Basal and IS 2DG uptake decreased in HF rats. However, I sensitivity but not responsiveness remained intact in the HF rats. Total G utilization (GU) was estimated by the sum of the rate of formation of: /sup 3/H/sub 2/O from 5-/sup 3/H-glucose (glycolysis- (GL)) and /sup 3/H-glycogen (GLY). IS GU decreased in HF versus HC fed rats. I failed to stimulate GL while GLY remained sensitive. Glucose oxidation (GO) was measured by /sup 14/CO/sub 2/. I failed to stimulated GO. Intracellular metabolite concentrations (IC) were measured in solei from HF and HC fed rats. IS IC-G6P decreased in HF compared to HC fed rats. Basal IC-F6P but not IC-F 1.6 BP increased in HF compared to HC fedmore » rats. I failed to stimulate an increase in IC-F 1,6BP concentrations. Glycolytic activators were determined. HF produced a significant decrease in F2, 6BP concentration when compared to HC rats. Prostaglandins (PG) have been implicated in mediating insulin action. HF produced a significant decrease in basal and insulin stimulated PGE/sub 2/. These data demonstrate that postreceptor - postmembrane alterations are in part responsible for the decreased insulin responsiveness observed after HF feeding.« less


The influence of global climate change due to green house effects on the earth environment will require impact assessment, mitigation and adaptation strategies for the future of our society. This study projects future extreme ocean wave climate in comparison with present wave climate based on the atmospheric general circulation model and global wave model. The extreme sea surface winds and waves are analyzed based on extreme value methods in detail. There is a clear regional dependence of extreme winds and wave heights changes from present to future climates. The extreme wave heights of future climate would be increased significantly in tropical cyclone areas.


Plasmonic metal nanoparticles possess exotic optical properties impacting a variety of fields from basic science to energy, defense, and medicine. One such property of broad importance is a Fano interference. This interference can be modeled by two coupled charged oscillators, in which the driven bright mode transfers its energy to the dark mode and stops. Thus, the system is still absorbing energy, but does not scatter. The resulting localization of energy is dependent on the coupling strength and mass ratio of the oscillators. These parameters, when properly tuned, alter the Lorentzian nature of the scattering spectrum, leading to an asymmetric Fano lineshape. The conditions that produce a Fano lineshape in the oscillator model were used to predict parameters in electric and magnetic plasmonic nanoparticle systems. This research focused on showing magnetic-magnetic Fano interferences for the first time. In particular, a magnetic plasmon was created from a cyclic assembly of metal nanospheres each with an electric dipole oriented head-to-tail around the ring, mimicking an electrical current loop. A second plasmonic ring was coupled to the first and driven by an electron beam, and their resulting interference was studied through numerical simulations of Maxwell's equations.


The otoscopic view is that of a right ear that is acutely infected and draining thick, yellow pus. There is a 70 % perforation of the pars tensa. The malleu s appears to be grossly norm al. The drum remn ant has a rim of granulation tissue around the perforation , and a large granulation tissue polyp protrudes through the anterior and inferior part of the perforation. This is a Pulec-Deguine type V chronic suppurative otitis media . Treatment firs t involves systemic antibiotics and top ical otic drops that contain antibiotics and a steroid. In many cases, the ear can be made dry, and the granulation tissue will res olve. In such cases, surgical trea tment might involve a myrin gopl asty. When a reasonable trial of 2 or 3 weeks of medica l therapy is unsuccessful in produci ng a dry ear, a type V Pulec tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy is performed. The attic is left untouched. Drainage is establ ished through the facial recess from the mastoid to the tubotympanum. The pars tensa perforation is repaired with fascia . This conservat ive approach usually allows the infection to subside, the edematous polypoid mucosa obstructing the att ic to heal, and in most cases the hearing to be restored to normal without the need for oss icular reconstruction. This type of ear infecti on represents 50% of cases that require mastoidectomy.


Surface gradients provide a powerful platform to accelerate multiscale design by efficiently studying of material–cell interactions to ultimately enhance function of synthetic clinical biomaterials. Herein, a novel orthogonal double gradient is reported in which surface stiffness and wettability vary independently and continuously in perpendicular directions, providing unique combinations of stiffness and wettability over a broad range (stiffness: 6–89 MPa; water contact angle: 29°–90°). It is found that mesenchymal stem cell behavior is nonlinearly regulated by surface stiffness and wettability. These combined stiffness and wettability properties of a material significantly affect stem cell adhesion, spreading, nucleus size, and vinculin expression. This high‐throughput screening system enables elucidation of the relationships between biointerface properties and biological behavior, and thereby serves a potential tool for accelerating the development of high‐performance biomaterials.


An audit was conducted from 2 centres' to analyze and study the therapeutic footwear used in diabetic foot patients through the new Amit Jain's classification for therapeutic footwear. Twenty seven new patients who were on therapeutic foot wear were studied. The majority were males. Most of the patients had diabetes duration of more than 20 years (48.7%). Most of the patients were on diabetic sandals (81.5%) followed by modified molded (Custom) footwear (7.4%). Majority of the Footwear used were type 1 diabetic footwear (81.5%). There was a significance difference seen with type of footwear and duration of footwear usage with age wherein type 1 therapeutic footwear were used commonly in patients with age less than and also in patients with more than 60 years whereas type 3 foot wear was used only by patients of less than 60 years. Further, patients above 60 years duration were using therapeutic footwear for more than 2 years without changing them. Amit Jain's classification for therapeutic footwear is a new, simple, practical, easy to remember classification for diabetic foot wear wherein all footwear's can easily be categorized in any one of the 3 categorizes and it helps in our understanding of diabetic footwear usage.


Larvae of Plusia nigrisigna WALKER show a distinct colour variation in late stages of their development. Generally their colouring are uniformly pale-green, but some larvae have a pair of conspicuous black spots around the ocelli. Thoracic legs of some of the latter type are entirely blackened, and on such individuals the cephalic spots are over more conspicuous.In field servey, it was unable to find the larvae with black-spots before the fourth instar. But the larvae with black spots seemed to emerge afterward. Proportion of the individuals with cephalic spots in the population seemed to increase with advancement of larval maturity, because the spotted larvae were more abundant in the fifth (last) instar population than in the fourth. Proportion of larvae with cephalic spots was also variable along with growing stages of the host plant and with the seasons. The spotted larvae were generally more numerous on fully-grown cabbages than on younger ones, and more in autumn than in summer. The highest proportion of the spotted type was observed in autumn. It was noticed that the larvae changed their occupation-site on a plant from the upper leaves to lower ones as they grew, and that there was a relation between the occupation-site and the emergence of the spotted larvae.When the non-spotted larvae of various instars were collected from fields and reared consecutively in a laboratory. The spotted larvae emerged in this population as larvae grew. And the proportion was far larger as compared with the proportion of the spotted larvae in the native field population.The present information indicates that emergence of the spotted larvae is due to an accumulated effect of certain environmental factors. Although the factors responsible for colour variation was not determined yet, even light intensity and air temperature seem to be of importance. Yet, the day-length might not be so responsible.


Sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI, see: "New terminology", over page) refers to the death of an infant aged under one year, which is initially unexplained. Death usually occurs while the infant is asleep. The incidence of SUDI has declined significantly since public prevention campaigns began in New Zealand in the early 1990s. Prior to this, in the 1980s, the SUDI mortality rate was over 4 per 1000 live births.1 This corresponded to over 200 infant deaths per year.1 Now, the mortality rate is less than 0.8 per 1000 live births (across all ethnicities), with approximately 50 deaths per year.1


Piracy is a major threat to maritime safety. Assessing piracy risk is crucial to ship safety, travel security, and emergency plan preparation. In the absence of a thorough understanding of the factors and mechanisms that influence piracy, no perfect mathematical equation can be set up for such risk assessment. Therefore, the major factors that influence piracy were identified to construct an indicator system for assessment. These factors were analyzed, keeping in view the overall hazard, vulnerability, and antirisk properties, and then the Bayesian network was introduced into the risk assessment model to fuse multiresource information. For some indicators, which have only qualitative information or fragmentary statistical data, the cloud model theory was adopted to realize prior probability settings of the Bayesian network and thus made up for the deficiency in parameter settings. Finally, the inherent hazard of the South China Sea was assessed, as an example for the model, and two real piracy cases were studied to validate the proposed model. The assessment model constructed here can be applied to all cases, similar to the ones studied here.


The branched measurement system described is used for measuring strain forces in roof bolting bolts used in hard coal mines. The system performs measurements in difficult industrial conditions when measurement points are scattered and hardly accessible, and in hostile environmental conditions (high humidity, dust, high salination, and methane hazards). It is adapted to continuous, long-term and multipoint automatic force measurements using strain gauges. The measurement system allows updated registration of normal and emergency loads on the bolt rods and also monitoring of the measurement circuits with failure signalling.


This study was designed to examine children's ability to learn new information from textual materials. It investigated the extent to which equally intelligent average and poor readers could recognize and recall information from expository texts. Two types of explicit and four types of inferential information were tested through recognition items. Subjects recognized more explicit than inferential information, although some inference types were more difficult than others to recognize. In addition, the study examined the extent to which acquisition of new information was a function of prior knowledge. The probability of a correct response was computed for three different prior knowledge conditions: 1) correct, 2) wrong, or 3) unknown. This permitted investigation of the effect of prior knowledge on subjects' acquisition of new information, as well as subjects' ability to correct old information. Prior knowledge was a powerful factor in reading comprehension for both average and poor readers. Both groups were better at acquiring totally new information than at correcting old information that was inaccurate. Even when prior knowledge was contradicted by the text, subjects used it, rather than textual information, for item recognition. Only when they did not, or believed they did not, possess the necessary prior knowledge did they resort to text—with a consequent improvement in recognition.


SIM is the first of the new origins missions that combines major advances in technology to enable major advances in science. This paper is a brief overview of the project to serve as an introduction to the many other technical papers presented at this conference.


In 1958, Herman Benson, a longtime socialist and labor editor of a weekly New York tabloid, Labor Action, received a call about three leaders in a Chicago Machinist union local. They had challenged the questionable financial practices of the union business agent, but the union's international president was more upset about their distribution of handbills to members than any malfeasance by the business agent. He put the local under a trustee who promulgated rules banning distribution of any literature (even the Bill of Rights). As the local leaders carried on their protest, two of them were expelled by the president, A. L. Hayes, after he suppressed the results of an internal trial and issued his own verdict. It's an appalling story, but the kicker is that Hayes was also chairman of the new AFL-CIO Ethical Practices Committee.


Marine geological and geophysical surveys and analysis of their results have revealed that the ruptured area of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake extended up to the vicinity of the trench axis along the plate boundary fault. To investigate the geological structure, especially the faults and the deformation of the sediments, we have conducted reflection seismic surveys in the trench axis area of the Japan Trench off Miyagi and Iwate prefectures. Three seismic cruises have been carried out in 2011 and 2013 along 81 E-W (dip) lines and 17 N-S (strike) lines. We have used 320 or 380 inch 3 cluster air guns and a 1200 m long streamer cable to obtain high resolution seismic data. Surveyed area covers the trench axis area along the trench strike from seaward of the hypocenter of the Tohoku earthquake around 38 N at south, to ̃40 N at north. Seismic profiles around 38 N show that the trench axis is located on a graben with sediments which have been deformed by reverse faulting. Similar deformation structure is observed around 40 N, but the trench axis is located on a horst not a graben there. The thickness of the incoming sediments on the Pacific plate typically ranges ̃0.3 ? 0.5 s in two way time, however it is reduced down to <0.2 s around 39.5 N where the basement of the oceanic crust shows higher relief and trench inner wall is significantly steep. The thickness variation of the incoming sediments can be traced seaward and corresponded with along strike variation of the structure in the outer rise. These high resolutions seismic data served for the site selection of the JFAST drilling project by IODP and also contributes to the JTRACK proposal for future drilling in the Japan Trench following success of the JFAST.


Comparative research devoted to biological roots of social behavior owes a lot to numerous studies using as subjects social insects, in particular the honeybee (Apis mellifera) and many species of ants (Wilson 1975; Godzińska 2005, 2006, 2016, 2019; GoWdy and krall 2016; Moffett 2018). The use of ants as subjects in behavioral research provides many advantages in comparison with the use of the honeybee. Ants are much more long-lived than honeybees: ant workers may live up to several years, and ant queens up to 30 years (Hölldobler and Wilson 1990; keller and Genoud 1997; keller 1998; Godzińska et al. 1999; JeMielity et al. 2005). Long lifespan of ants facilitates long-term research and experiments devoted to ontogeny and acquired modifications of behavior (Godzińska 1997). Behavioral repertories of ants are very rich, and social behavior of these insects shows great complexity, plasticity and flexibility (Hölldobler and Wilson 1990, 1998, 2009; Godzińska 1996a, 2007, 2016; korczyńska 1996; szczuka 1996; Wnuk 2013; MazurkieWicz et al. 2015). Richness and complexity of ant behavior makes possible comparative analysis of social behavior of ants and humans (Wilson 1975; Jaisson 1993; Godzińska 2005, 2016; Wnuk 2013; GoWdy and krall 2016; Moffett 2018). In particular, ants were used as model organINTRODUCTION


This study determined the perception of teachers regarding the level of principals' ethical leadership behaviours in state government owned secondary schools in Anambra State. The study was guided by 4 research questions. The population consisted of 6,328 teachers in the 257-state owned government public secondary schools in the State. A sample of 672 teachers was drawn using multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were collected using Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS) which was adapted from Yilmaz (2006). The instrument was validated by three experts. Internal consistency reliability index of 0.72 was obtained using Cronbach's alpha method. Data analysis was done using mean. The findings revealed that teachers' perception of the level of principals' communicative, climatic, decisional and behavioural ethical behaviours in secondary schools in Anambra State is high. The study recommended that secondary school principals should at all times imbibe ethical principles in their leadership behaviours.


Objective: To exploring the variation of coagulation assay in the patients with hemophilia A after therapy with the Zhixuetang and its significance. Methods: Using the Zhixuetang to cure the patients with hemophiliaA, the plasma PT,APTT,TT, STGT, FⅧ:C was detected by the one doting stage method before and after therapy each. Results: The clinical sign of the hemophilia A was decrease after therapy with the Zhixuetang. The plasma PT, APTT, STGT was shorter and FⅧ: C was increased in patients with hemophilia A after therapy with the Zhixuetang, but it' s plasma PT,APTT, STGT was longer significantly than the normal group. It's plasma FⅧ:C was lower significantly than the normal group as well. Conclusion: The mechanism of the Zhixuetang to cure hemophilia A is probably to down regulate the TFPI level, so that to promote the extrinsic pathway blood coagulation and compensate the default of the intrinsic pathway blood coagulation.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the market reaction associated with the movement of the finance lease disclosures from footnotes to the body of financial statements. I have chosen to examine a Japanese sample because I could obtain enough number of firms which were influenced by the change of accounting standard. The result showed that the market has not reacted on the average about having shifted to recognition from disclosure and the risk of specific industries was revised upward by standard revision. This means that investors were not able to foresee change of lessees' decision rather than the footnote disclosure was inferior to recognition on balance sheets. Although the results of this paper are concerned with the capitalization of finance leases, they have some implication for "Leases: Preliminary Views" released by FASB and IASB.


The paper investigates the effect of the time-to-build technology on investment dynamics. It explains the positive autocorrelation of investment by showing that investment is serially correlated once the time-to-build technology is taken into account. The paper also shows that the time-to-build technology can explain a substantial portion of the variation in aggregate investment data. Using estimated marginal Q, the paper illustrates that investment responds asymmetrically to different levels of Q (a fact in favor of the irreversibility argument).


A stable, water-insoluable film was prepared by oxidative electropolymerization of pyrogallol in pH7.0 phosphate (PBS) buffer solution, anti modified on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface by electrochemical method. The modified electrode was exploited for the selective preconcentration of Cu(Ⅱ) at a certain potential. The preconcentrated Cu (Ⅱ) was firstly reduced at a certain potential and then was determined by differential pulse stripping voltammetry. The result showed that the modified electrode base strong enrichment capacity towards Cu(Ⅱ) than that of the hare glassy carbon electrode. Affecting factors, such as the conditions of electropolymerization, the medium of accumulation and stripping, reduction time and enrichmental potential were investigated. Under the optimized coditions, the anodic peak currents were linear related to the Cu(Ⅱ) concentration in the range of 5.0×10^(-8)-1.0×10^(-5)mol/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9981. A detection limit (S/N=3) of 1.0×10^(-9)mol/L for Cu(Ⅱ) was obtained. The film modified electrodes showed high sensitivity and selectivity, and was used to determine Cu (Ⅱ) in human fair sample with recoveries of 99%~104%.


This article addresses a new field for legal education researchers. It describes and discusses emergent methods for computer-aided qualitative data analysis of social media in legal education. Social media contributes opportunities for learning, teaching, and research for legal educators and students. It potentially expedites collaborations, sharing, and collection of information and commentary on relevant and important issues and topics. These sources provide content and data for learning, teaching, and research. Benefits of computer-aided qualitative data analysis of social media in legal education include a systematic approach, transparency, accountability and durability, and innovative ways to communicate insights through textual and graphical communications. The article uses two examples in which computer-aided qualitative data analysis, combined with qualitative data analysis strategies, can contribute insights in and about legal education: analysis of social media discussions involving specific topics or events – to study students' work, or academics' interactions at conferences; and analysis of legal educators' scholarly communications and social media activities, toward improving the visibility and influence of legal education scholarship. Research ethics for studies involving social media and human participants are also considered.


To enhance adversarial robustness, adversarial training learns deep neural networks on the adversarial variants generated by their natural data. However, as the training progresses, the training data becomes less and less attackable, undermining the robustness enhancement. A straightforward remedy is to incorporate more training data, but sometimes incurring an unaffordable cost. In this paper, to mitigate this issue, we propose the guided interpolation framework (GIF): in each epoch, the GIF employs the previous epoch's meta information to guide the data's interpolation. Compared with the vanilla mixup, the GIF can provide a higher ratio of attackable data, which is beneficial to the robustness enhancement; it meanwhile mitigates the model's linear behavior between classes, where the linear behavior is favorable to generalization but not to the robustness. As a result, the GIF encourages the model to predict invariantly in the cluster of each class. Experiments demonstrate that the GIF can indeed enhance adversarial robustness on various adversarial training methods and various datasets.


Outside of education, people view the shifts and swings of instruction with bemusement, if they do not have school-age children, or with alarm, if they do. In reading, we have swung from a whole word methodology to phonics to direct instruction to whole language, with various stops along the way, over the course of my lifetime. These swings have had resultant swings of achievement (Chall, 1996a). Slavin (1989) suggested that the "pendulum swings" in education come from an idea being adopted before the research results are in. When the results of the program turn out to be disappointing, we quickly reject that program and move on to the next fad. This may have been the case with whole language, as the approach was widely adopted before adequate research was available. The research that was available suggested that whole language was as, or possibly less, effective than current instruction (Stahl & Miller, 1989). Yet whole language spread like "wildfire" (Pearson, 1989). The 1992 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP; Mullis, Campbell, & Farstrup, 1993) surveyed fourth-grade teachers nationwide and found that 42% reported a heavy emphasis on whole language and an additional 41% reported a moderate emphasis-that is, 83% of the total. For a movement that began in the late 1970s, this was explosive.


Low-power consumption and network resiliency are among the vital qualities for having a seamless, quality-oriented wireless communication. Networks with small-world property are known to possess both these favourable qualities. However, wireless networks are not inherently small-world, neither is easy and cost-effective to artificially create networks with this property by using the existing techniques. In other words, the traditional blind rewiring techniques that aimed at enhancing the network with such features, suffer from inefficiency and saturation behaviour. In this study, the authors propose topology- planning methods that efficiently exploit the expensive long-reach transmission facilities to add the small-world property to the network. The authors show that these methods are practical, cost-effective and efficient since they are appropriately tailored based upon the network realities, such as topology and channel fading. The proposed methods are tested for networks with diverse ranges of 'clustering coefficient' and 'diameter' in order to prove their aptitudes in dealing with real situations. The results illustrate that the incorporation of these techniques altogether decreases the network 'diameter' by almost 50% and the 'average path length' by 47%. This corresponds to 67% less facilities compared with blind rewiring techniques.


the comparison of recurrence rates also bear this same bias. It appears that these studies, for the most part, include only patients who were followed up for the entire 5-year period. Thus, many patients lost to follow-up were excluded, which does not avoid the bias. In conclusion, while MMS may be an efficient treatment for BCC of the face, this study cannot confirm this hypothesis. As the authors state, a randomized trial, or a well-controlled comparative cohort study, would provide more valid information on this treatment's effectiveness.


National Government chose southwest area as the political military strategy bases, which is of great significance to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. And it also objectively enabled the southwest area to develop. Against such a background, the aviation industry of the southwest area has developed unceasingly. Especially in 1941 and 1943 the aviatic volume of transportation developed fast. It had more or less relationship with the reduction of the dominion under the National Government, the National Government wartime economy, the development of new international strategic air transport channel's as well as the establishment of the international antifascist union. The analysis on the causes for the two leap development can also reflect the establishment process of the southwest strategic base and China geopolitics' evolution to some extent, and further verify the National Government's policies for the War of Resistance based on foreign aids.


User feedback data, generated when users call customer care agents with problems, is a valuable source of data for understanding network problems from users' perspectives. However, this data is extremely noisy. In this paper, we design a framework, LOTUS, to assess the user impact of network events from the user feedback, through a novel algorithmic composition of co-training and spatial scan statistics. Through experimental analysis on synthetic and real data, we show the accuracy and practical nature of LOTUS.


June 2012 The Journal of American History 197 In the spring of 1980 television viewers in the United States and across the world found themselves swept up in what the New York Times called "an international mystery": who shot J. R.? Larry Hagman, the star of the immensely popular television series Dallas, played the villainous J. R. Ewing who was head of the fictional Ewing Oil Company and whose cowboy hat and Southfork family ranch signaled his Old West cultural roots. From the beginning of the series, J. R. had wheedled and connived his way through power plays involving oil, Texas politics, and women, and with enemies now arrayed around him at the end of the third season, the final episode used one of the oldest tricks in the book to keep its audience engaged: the cliff-hanger. Viewers heard the shots ring out, saw J. R. fall from what appeared to be a mortal wounding, and then had to wait until the fall television season to find out who did the deed. Over the summer of 1980 the suspense built until the night of the season preview, when more than 80 million U.S. viewers learned that J. R.'s mistress Kristin had pulled the trigger and that J. R. was still very much alive, able to return to his nefarious ways with barely a hiccup.1 American viewers were not alone in their fascination with the Ewings. Looking back on the cultural phenomenon ten years later, the Los Angeles Times noted that the craze for the show, which was the third most watched in tv history, spread around the globe: "The show had become an international obsession, enthralling 300 million viewers in 57 countries. It struck a nerve in Singapore, stoked passions in Australia and diverted the war-ravaged residents of Lebanon. More than half of all Britons stayed home to watch the episode in which J. R. got perforated."2 What attracted American and worldwide viewers to the dramas of this Texan oil family and to the exploits of J. R. Ewing in particular? How and why did J. R. Ewing become the icon of the American oil industry in the late twentieth century at home and around the globe—an icon drawn from particular popular images of the American West? His Texas Metropole: Oil, the American West, and U.S. Power in the Postwar Years


A study was conducted to elucidate the histomorphological changes in thymus of 18 postnatal Surti goats from birth to 48 months of age. The thymus showed well-developed stroma and apparent cortex and medulla at birth. Connective tissue stroma was made predominantly of collagen fibres. Maximum number of reticular fibres was observed in connective tissue stroma and medulla of thymus up to the age of 3 months. Involution began at the age of 3 months in some lobules of thymus. Thinning of cortex was observed between 4 and 6 months of age. Groups of adipose cells were noticed in capsule and interlobular septa at the age of 8 months. The thymus showed complete loss of demarcation between cortex and medulla at the age of 9 months. By 12 months and above thymic tissue gradually was replaced by adipose tissue; however, remnant of thymic tissue embedded within adipose tissue was still observed even at 48 months. Understanding the normal histological architecture of thymus during postnatal development provides a keystone to assess immune system function in Surti goats.


The study examines the use of multi layer perceptron network (MLP) in predicting the price of terrace houses in Kuala Lumpur (KL). Nine factors that significantly influence the price were used in this attempt. Housing data from 1994 to 1996 were presented to the network for training. Tested results from the model obtained for various years were compared using regression analysis. The study provides the predictive ability of the trained MLP model that can be used as an alternative predictor in real estate analysis.


The radiation response of 375 ℃ thermoluminescence(TL) peak of quartz can be changed,it is variedly with the radiation dose which the crystal accepted from the environment.The multi-disk technology is used to measure the sensitive variation of 375 ℃ TL peak with the radiation dose.The results show that it must be calibrated in any experiment for quartz TL either as dosimeter or as TL dating.When it is used as dosimeter,it must be radiated with big dose,which dose is 4 500 Gy for β-source and 6 000 Gy for α-dose.Otherwise,when the age of geological samples is measured by using 375 ℃ TL peak of quartz,the equivalent dose should be rectified with the sensitivity change of TL peak,so that the accuracy of geological samples age can be ensured.


This paper investigates the challenges of work and coping strategies of professional and managerial dual-career couples in Malaysia using gender role ideology and role salience theoretical framework. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were used to collect data from 23 dual-career couples. The findings identified a number of work challenges faced by the couples such as heavy workloads, long working hours, working away from home, coping with supervisors and the working environment. Evidently, some helpful support and strategies have also been found to help these couples to cope with the challenges such as having a domestic helper, receiving support from family, colleagues and supervisors, and having a flexible working arrangement. Moreover, some useful strategies are also found to be useful to the couples, such as psychological approaches, separating work from family and having good organization and prioritizing skills. The experiences described by the participants reflect their gender role attitude and salience of family and work roles. This paper fills the gap in Malaysian literatures which focus more on women instead of investigation that includes both husband and wife. This study also adds more research on dual-career couples in a non-Western context which are generally lacking. Furthermore, it extends the joint use of gender role ideology and role salience perspectives in examining the context of couples by exhibiting its utility in understanding the Malaysian couples' experiences.


Summary A previous investigation showed that when bright and dim traffic symbols were mixed together on a cockpit display of traffic information, dim targets required longer search times than bright targets. The current experiment utilized Signal Detection methodology to determine the cause of this effect. Two factors were manipulated, Intensity and Mixture. The Intensity manipulation varied whether targets were bright or dim. The Mixture manipulation varied whether the brightness of all aircraft symbols was the same, or if half were bright and half dim. Participants were given 1.25 s to search a display of eight aircraft and determine whether a target was present or absent (50% of the time a target was present) and then rated their confidence in the accuracy of their decision. A Mixture by Intensity repeated-measures ANOVA on the signal detectability measure, A' (a non- parametric variant of d'), revealed that targets presented at the dim intensity in the mixed condition yielded significantly lower sensitivity than either of the pure (homogenous) conditions or the bright targets in the mixed condition. There was not a significant difference in False Alarm rates between any conditions, indicating no change in decision criterion. Findings are discussed in terms of possible masking effects evoked by bright aircraft over the dim aircraft. Funding for this work was provided by the Advanced Air Transportation Technologies Project of NASA's Airspace Operation Systems Program.


Buggenum in the Netherlands is to be the site of a 250 MWe integrated gasification combined cycle power plant. The project represents the final demonstration phase to prove the commercial viability of coal gasification. The plant being built by Demkolec, a project company formed by SEP NV, is expected to begin during 1993


Building Information Modeling (BIM) has imposed itself as a powerful engineering and technological tool over time. It's even become mandatory in some countries (UK) and is gradually gaining more and more awareness worldwide. Although that, BIM education is still a new concept even in some countries that are already implementing it in their various engineering and construction projects. This research aims to conclude with an educational plan and curricula for the faculty of architecture that contains BIM as the core of it. The methodology used in this research is the online-structured questionnaire, distributed to students and staff of the faculty of architecture at Al-Baath University which is the case study of this research. Architecture faculty undergraduates and graduates with different degrees were surveyed by an online-structured questionnaire, and the results of the questionnaire were gathered and analyzed using google forms. This study concludes with the proposed modified plan and curricula for the previously mentioned faculty in the light of the theoretical study, questionnaire results, and similar experiences around the world. This new plan is expected to prepare a new generation of architects who are High-tech qualified and fully aware of BIM and its general ideas, which makes it easier for these architects to emerge within the job market and fulfill AEC firms' requirements of course this would also help to promote the university's reputation and help to spread BIM education among other local universities and also to other engineering competencies.


Apparatus for cultivating a cell culture or in a box container, the container comprising a bottom and at least one cover. At least one pressure-tight manner to the lid connected to the container. Container or the lid is provided with at least one connection aperture for introduction and / or withdrawal of culture medium and / or oxygen.


This paper takes interest in some particular one machine scheduling problems. The input is a set of n jobs with fixed processing time and temporal execution interval associated with each job. Preemption is not allowed. We assume all along this paper that the temporal execution intervals of the jobs are nested (none of them overlaps the other). Two kinds of objective are investigated: the minimization of the lateness and the minimization of the number of late jobs. In this paper, some dominance conditions are established and optimal sequencing rules are given for some particular cases.


Cross-sectional and plane view TEM, in conjunction with atomic force microscopy (AFM), was used to study the dislocations produced within PS−PVP diblock copolymer films. The results showed that islands or holes on the surface of multilayer films were produced by prismatic loop dislocations with a screw component in the layers below the surface. Only the contours at the vacuum surface obtained by AFM could be fit with classical elasticity theory. Flattening of the surface by the surface tension when the films were ordered on a silicon substrate induced a large amount of compression in the lamella beneath the surface. In films less than 3/2 lamellar layers thick, this compression is shown to induce a transition from lamellar to perpendicular cylinders at the edge of the island or holes. This transition was suppressed when the diblock copolymer molecular weight was decreased or when the films were ordered at a low surface tension interface. A qualitative model which estimates the degree of chain stretching i...


During the past 40 years, the "ink blots" have become a popular investigative tool of those who would amplify clinical study by projective "tests." In the forward of this book, the author, an analytically oriented child psychotherapist, is described as the outstanding British exponent of the Rorschach technique. With one slim exception, it is the only book on the subject to emerge from Britain, where it was first published in 1959. It fails to add anything to the extensive material previously published here by such notables as Klopfer, Beck, Piotrowski, and Schafer, among others. However, it constitutes a satisfactory, well-condensed summation of the Rorschach method. Part 1 consists of seven chapters devoted to the technique of presentation; collection, classification, and analysis of data; and differentiation of psychograms according to various clinical conditions. Part 2 contains a more detailed analysis of individual records, with particular reference to positive features in a


A lead screw with a bearing protection device belongs to the mechanical transmission field, in particular to the technical field of lead screw protection, and comprises a bearing, a bearing block with a groove and a lead screw, wherein one end of the lead screw connected with a shaft is provided with an oil prevention ring fixing groove, a fixed oil prevention ring is sleeved into the oil prevention ring fixing groove, and the outer edge of the oil prevention ring fixing groove is disposed into the groove of the bearing block. The lead screw with the bearing protection device can realize long-term effective protection of bearings and also avoid heating caused by friction, prolongs service lives of the bearings, and reduces maintenance cost.


Range-measuring sensors play a critical role in autonomous driving systems. While LiDAR technology has been dominant, its vulnerability to adverse weather conditions is well-documented. This paper focuses on secondary adverse conditions and the implications of ill-reflective surfaces on range measurement sensors. We assess the influence of this condition on the three primary ranging modalities used in autonomous mobile robotics: LiDAR, RADAR, and Depth-Camera. Based on accurate experimental evaluation the papers findings reveal that under ill-reflectivity, LiDAR ranging performance drops significantly to 33% of its nominal operating conditions, whereas RADAR and Depth-Cameras maintain up to 100% of their nominal distance ranging capabilities. Additionally, we demonstrate on a 1:10 scaled autonomous racecar how ill-reflectivity adversely impacts downstream robotics tasks, highlighting the necessity for robust range sensing in autonomous driving.


A quiet current with subshot noise is a regulated electron flow. When a time delay circuit, i.e. a low-pass filter is inserted into the flow, noise is generated in the high frequency region. By using a transistor circuit the noise generation due to the time delay is observed. A simple theoretical model explains the observed noise spectrum.


Gradient preparative-layer chromatography and RP-HPTLC have been used for analysis of anthocyanin extracts from Malve arborae L. flos and Vaccinium myrtillus L. fructus. Malvidine was identified in the extract from Malve arborae L. flos. Compounds in the anthocyanin extracts were separated on silica gel 60 F254 PLC plates by five-step gradient elution with mobile phases containing different amounts of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as modifier. A chamber with a mobile phase reservoir/injector was used in gradient elution. Preparative chromatography experiments were followed by rechromatography on RP-HPTLC plates with a mobile phase gradient prepared from methanol, water, and formic acid. The procedure reported can be used for preparation of anthocyanin standards in the laboratory.


Most practising midwives initially trained as nurses. Although direct-entry midwifery schemes have been around for a long time, in the past they only catered for small numbers.


Pomerania's mainland. This model was copied for around 150 years, possibly without comment on its ornithomorphic form. Such a form, however, was deliberate in the map 'De Wormer in figure van een voghel gestelt' (or 'Rara avis in terris'), designed by Nikolaas Kloesius of Edam and printed in 1625 (where the date is also expressed as a chronogram in exemplars with an attached explanatory Latin and Dutch letterpress). The body of the work is followed by appendixes on various topics, including a note on the cost of maps in the eighteenth century compared with other objects (the author adapting his 1978 Bibliographie zur Kartengeschichte von Deutschland und Osteuropa); conversion values for old measures and monies; and a glossary featuring the term typografisch without citing an example. Also useful is a list of guide books published between 1797 and 1888 (with editions to 1900) containing maps or views. The expected features of a general bibliography and a combined index of personal and institutional names complete the volume. For the wider seas around Rügen, the author supplies a Hinweis auf weitere niederländische Seekarten that lists a further 16 Dutch charts published from 1632 to c.1705, referring to their fuller references in Cornelis Koeman's Atlantes Neerlandici (Vol. 4, 1970). Apart from the maps and charts included in this work, further examples of data copied from existing topographical mapping or hydrographical surveys (a 'normal' practice in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries) might have been included. The inset 'Land-Rugen' on chart 9 in the Russian Atlas vsego baltiyskago morya by Alexei Ivanovich Nagayev (1757), for example, was probably improved by information copied from the Swede Peter Gedda and the Russian Fyodor Ivanovich Soimonov. A similar representation, at a scale of c.1:518,000, appears on the 'Segel-Karte vom Sunde ... und dem S. W. Theile der Ost See' by 'JB' [=Heinrich Berghaus, using his parents' familiar name-form 'Jan'], published in Berlin by Georg Reimer in 1832 as 'Nro. I Ost See Nro. 1' of the Allgemeiner See-Atlas. Besides searching the Antiquariat Ruthild Jäger in Lüneburg, the author has used many of the relevant civil and military libraries in Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Poland, Sweden and Switzerland. Where a few maps are lost or untraceable, reproductions of original printed (usually letterpress) texts that surrounded or accompanied the copperengraved or woodcut maps, coastal profiles and views are supplied; title pages, portraits, cartouche enlargements, text panels, conventional signs and currency tables enrich this work.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a negotiation method of maximum segment size (MSS) and a negotiation apparatus of the maximum segment size (MSS) and belongs to the field of communication. With the negotiation method and apparatus of the maximum segment size (MSS) of the invention adopted, the problem of being segmented and discarded of an IP message when the length of the IP message is larger than a MTU(maximum transmit unit) value can be solved without reliance on upper-layer forwarding equipment required. The negotiation method of the maximum segment size (MSS) comprises the following steps that: a data message transmitted by a receiving end is received; whether a current maximum segment size (MSS) value of a transmitting end requires modification is determined according to the data message; a new maximum segment size (MSS) value is determined according to the data message; a maximum segment size (MSS) negotiation message is transmitted to the transmitting end; the new maximum segment size (MSS) value is carried by the maximum segment size (MSS) negotiation message, so that the transmitting end can modify the current maximum segment size (MSS) value of the transmitting end according to the maximum segment size (MSS) negotiation message. The negotiation method and apparatus of the maximum segment size (MSS) of the invention are applicable to the negotiation process of the maximum segment size (MSS).


The purpose of the article was to empirically assess the impact of the volatility of world price indices for agricultural raw materials on economic processes in industrialized countries (the United States of America and the countries of the European Union). The results indicated a favourable dependence of the trend of American GDP on the increase in world raw materials prices. A similar result was obtained for industrial production indicators in both countries under investigation. During the assessment of agricultural raw materials on the world commodity market, it was revealed that the prices for sugar and rice were the most volatile. However, it should be noted that the volatility of world wheat prices recently increased.


The familiar violence presents characteristics as p hysical, psychological and sexual abuse of a family member by another. Even if this problem invo lves many social sectors, the health services and police institutions are looked for victims, due to sequel from agression. The aim of this study is to evaluate what is the responsibility of health professional in relation to legislation and to confirmed or suspected cases of domestic violence; to verify the prevalence of this problem in the last 5 years in Araçatuba/SP Brazil and to analys e victim's perceptions about situation after suffering violence. The project received ethical ap proval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Araçatuba School of Dentistry (file: FOA 2005-


This article describes a small-scale project aimed at developing a systematic evaluation of a Self Access Centre (SAC) located at a private university in Bogota. The objectives of the project were first, to identify the most common strategies used by the SAC's users and find out if this SAC was enhancing autonomy. The second objective was to discover some of the strengths and weaknesses of the SAC. The results showed that students used indirect strategies which might show some autonomy, since these strategies are related to the management of our own language learning. The results also demonstrated that students need some counselling with both the language and technology.


Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a critical indicator in the diagnosis of glaucoma. It is known that 1 mmHg of IOP may induce a change of 3 μm in the radius of curvature of cornea. In this work the variation of the radius of curvature of cornea is obtained by characterizing the moiré fringes generated from a wearable soft contact lens. The contact lens is made of two layers; each layer has a circular grating. The measured results prove the effectiveness of the IOP monitoring method.


Why do people pay taxes? Or, more importantly, how willingly do they pay taxes? And what induces them to do so? Why do more people pay tax voluntarily than traditional economic models would predict? Do taxpayers comply simply because of the fear of being caught; or do other factors, such as religious beliefs or a sense of 'value for money' received from government services, play a role? In spite of taxation being a part of our lives, and of recorded history since Egyptian times, such issues have rarely been studied. Benno Torgler's work on 'tax morale'2 aims to rectify many of these 'knowledge gaps' in the field of tax compliance — a challenging task. The book is drawn from eight papers previously published mainly in economic or political economy journals. It not only integrates Torgler's previous work into a coherent body, but is also likely to bring it more prominently to the attention of tax researchers, administrators and policy-makers.


The results of complex morphological examination of teeth and jaws of staff of the Russian Emergency Minisitry from Makhachkala for origination of stomatological identification data bank are devoted in the article.


Students with difficult school-work in high vocational college have three types about the lack of study motivation. Their mentality causes take up as deficient desire, low motivation level, indifferent interest, little self-confidence, and so on. We should cultivate their study ideality, study confidence, study motivation and bring them into effective basic subject remediation, enhance their study ability. These are efficient approaches to get over students' lack of study motivation with difficult school-work in high vocational college.


Different roasting temperature and state have certain effect on the quality of pumpkin seed oil.Based on the research,the unsaturated fatty acid of pumpkin seed oil was up to 83.29%.Acid quality and fatty acid composition extracted from roasting whole pumpkin seed had little changed,and as the rise of the roasting temperature,the antioxidant ability was slightly lower;The oil extracted from grinded roasting pumpkin seed had the phenomenon of rancidity,with the rise of temperature,peroxide value was increased at first but then decreased,linoleic acid's oxidation was more serious,the relative content changed from 50.68% to 23.68%,while,it's antioxidant ability would be weaker,which was dropped by 34.8%,and it's quality deteriorated obviously.


The multidrug-resistant bacterial infections represent a global and complex problem because of the increase in their prevalence and the lack of new antibiotics. In this context, the antimicrobial stewardship programs are based on the collaboration between the infectious disease specialist and the microbiologist, which must merge their competencies to optimize antimicrobial therapy, implement surveillance and control the spread of MDR epidemic in health-care facilities. Moreover, they should create specific diagnostic procedures to obtain a prompt diagnosis of sepsis, with the species-identification of the pathogen and its sensitivity profile to antibiotics.
Our research evaluated a new diagnostic approach for the early determination of the phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility in Gram-negative bacteria.
The first study aimed to validate an innovative rapid procedure for bacterial antibiogram in sepsis, which is 24 hours quicker than the traditional one. Nowadays indeed, the laboratory can use new technologies molecular biology techniques as a support in sepsis diagnostics; however, culture and microbroth diluition are still the gold standards in sepsis' microbiological diagnosis. Unfortunately, they require a long time to be finalized, and this is more and more a severe limit since patients' survival depends on a rapid and correct therapy start. Many authors studied new pathways of identification of resistances, but until now, nobody was able to establish a shared procedure based on evidence. For this reason, in the real-life laboratory, operational protocols are based on the responsibility and the expertise of the single professional.
In our study, we included 145 strains of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, with different phenotypic profiles. They were analyzed with both the gold standard method and the rapid one, comparing the values of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration. The procedure included haemocolture's bottles inoculum, spot streaking on an agar plate, 5 hours incubation at 37°C, and finally microbroth diluition test preparation (Sensititre® method). MIC data and their interpretation (susceptible, intermediate or resistant) were collected and compared to ones obtained with the gold standard test, and agreement index was calculated together with sensitivity, specificity and prediction parameters.
The aggregate data analysis showed a good performance, regarding precision, the Categorical Agreement (97.9%), the Essential Agreement (99.1%), the sensitivity (96%) and specificity (99%). Furthermore, the errors related to the evaluation of both the single antibiotic and the total of the MIC resulted in being acceptable. However, we observed the presence of some significant Very Major and Major Errors concerning Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Piperacillin/Tazobactam e Fosfomycin: these results suggested us to exclude the three drugs from the new rapid susceptibility test, without precluding the utility in guiding the so called "first line therapy".
In the second study, we evaluated the application of mass spectrometry to the rapid detection of quinolones' resistance, with particular attention to the expression of the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase variant AAC(6')-Ib-cr. We included in the study 72 strains of E. coli, which were spot streaked on an agar plate, incubated for 5 hours at 37°C with norfloxacin disk and finally collected for the MALDI-TOF analysis. For the study, we used the Saramis® software, Vitek® MS (Biomerieux), which allows examining separately every single detected spectrum. In particular, we investigated the presence of spectra related to the native and the acetylated norfloxacin spectra ("indirect" method) and the AAC(6')-Ib-cr spectra ("direct" method). In both the cases, the analysis did not show satisfactory results, regarding both agreements with the reference test and sensitivity/specificity.
In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the new rapid procedure for the bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility test has an acceptable agreement with the traditional one regarding the major part of the antibiotics that are used in practice as a first line therapy in sepsis. On the contrary, our method for the evaluation of quinolone with mass spectrometry did not show any clinical and microbiological viability. Further studies might be designed in this topic, but they should always consider the need to guarantee a precise and rapid result, together with a targeted diagnosis and care that never neglect expertise, caution, and clinical monitoring.


This article will try to open up all issues and problems of poverty alleviation programs of traditional fishermen in the coastal fisheries sector in Sabah, particularly on the situation in Kota Belud district. The reevaluation of the poverty alleviation programs will show the errors that occurred outside the tools and equipment assistance and subsidy coverage by the government that has long been applied in the fishermen poverty alleviation program in Malaysia. If the efforts of the various parties focus more to helping fishermen with assistance and subsidy, hence it is high time to review why the efforts to bring the fishermen out of poverty has achieved remarkable success yet. Poor fishermen are the result of various factors surrounding them. Therefore, poverty is the result of a failure in a larger system. The economic and political systems as practiced for example are determinants of well-being; if the capitalist economic system which encourages the participation of investors in the development of the fisheries sector is practiced, certainly it will have an effect to the traditional fishermen who do not have large capital. This probably separates the rich (with larger capital) and the poor (with less or no capital) in thecompetition in the fishing sector. Similarly, the coverage of development practiced outside the fishing sector such as the real estate and tourism industry sectors also affect the lives of the fishermen. Thus, this paper will assess the poverty alleviation program carried out by reviewing the issues in giving subsidies and other issues such as environmental issues that has become a major burden in bringing the fishermen out of poverty. Consequently, the paper will look on the source of the programs carried out that until now are still plagued with various issues andproblems that have become a burden to the efficiency of the fishermen's poverty alleviation program. All vital issues and problems should be resolved before the issues of poverty among traditional fishermen are resolved. This study was sponsored by Geran Penyelidikan Fundamental (PPF) Universiti Malaya (FP022/ 2006A).
Keywords:  poverty eradication, Kota Belud, social policy, fishery village and economic development


Abstract We analyse the growth rate of segregated ice (ice lenses) in freezing porous media. For typical colloidal materials such as soils we show that the commonly employed Clapeyron equation is not valid macroscopically at the interface between the ice lens and the surrounding porous medium owing to the viscous dynamics of flow in premelted films. The flow in these films gives rise to an 'interfacial resistance' to flow towards the growing ice which causes a significant drop in predicted ice-growth (heave) rates. This explains why many previous models predict ice-growth rates that are much larger than those seen in experiments. We derive an explicit formula for the ice-growth rate in a given porous medium, and show that this only depends on temperature and on the external pressures imposed on the freezing system. This growth-rate formula contains a material-specific function which can be calculated (with knowledge of the geometry and material of the porous medium), but which is also readily experimentally measurable. We apply the formula to plate-like particles, and show that the results can be matched with previous experimental data. Finally we show how the interfacial resistance explains the observation that the maximum heave rate in soils occurs in medium-grained particles such as silts, while heave rates are smaller for fine- and coarse-grained particles.


Aiming at the problems of evaluating practice bases outside college and visualizing the results,this paper presents a new evaluation method based on entropy TOPSIS.Firstly,this paper establishes a suitable index system.Secondly,this paper uses a simplified direct-to show method of Chernoff faces to visualize evaluation results.Finally,an example is given.The results reveal this new evaluation method is effective and practical.


The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between under‐reporting of body weight and social desirability as is found with self‐reports of energy intake.


An interrogation scheme for an in-series double cladding fiber (DCF) sensor is proposed and demonstrated, which can be used for simultaneous refractive index (RI) and temperature measurement. It utilizes two commercial distributed feedback lasers to match two cascade DCF sensors which have two band-rejected filtering spectra at different wavelengths. The two lasers were intensity modulated by different frequencies and demodulated by a lock-in amplifier. Experimental results indicated that a resolution of ±2×10-5 in RI and ±1.2°Cin temperature were achieved. Based on the simple and low cost interrogation scheme, the dual parameters sensor system will find potential applications in chemical sensors and biosensors.


Abstract Mouse embryo limb bud (LB) and midbrain (MB) cells were prepared from day 10 mouse embryos and cultured as micromass cell islands for 5 days. Differentiation was determined by the number of stainable foci of differentiated cells, and the concentration at which each compound inhibited the formation of differentiated foci by 50% of the control value (IC50) was estimated according to the method by Flint and Orton (1984). The values of IC50 of L‐dopa, which is known as a teratogen, were 24 μig/ml in LB cultures and 12 μ/ml in MB cultures, respectively. Teratogenic hazards of three mycotoxins were compared in this system. Chaetochromin A and chaetochromin D, which were new naphtho‐γ‐pyrone dimers produced by Chaetomium sp., indicated strong inhibition (IC50 0.13‐0.24 μ/ml) in LB and MB cell cultures, and ustilaginoidin A, which was a naphtho‐γ‐pyrone dimer produced by Ustilaginoidea virens, inhibited at higher concentration than chaetochromins by several‐folds in LB and MB cultures.


Systemic Scleroderma (SS) is a connective tissue disease characterized by extensive fibrosis, vascular damage, immunologic disorder, and organ involvement.1 digital ulcer (DU) is a common clinical condition in SS which occurred in 30% of the patients. Simvastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase competitive inhibitor, is known to have anti-inflammatory potency and could accelerate the healing of chronic wound. We report a case of UD in SS that improved with topical simvastatin treatment. A 61 years old woman came to the clinic with a complaint of wounds on the tip of fingers and toes that has not healed for two weeks. The wound initially appeared at the tip of finger, extended, and then similar wound appeared at the tip of toe. The patient was diagnosed with systemic scleroderma since three years ago and treated with methylprednisolone and a vasodilator agent. From physical examination, there were shallow ulcers at the right middle toe and left thumb sized 1x1-2 cm, with irregular border and covered with necrotic tissues. DU management in SS consisted of non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and operative methods. Simvastatin, a statin class drug, was proven to have anti-inflammatory, immune modulatory, and wound healing effects in several studies. The benefit of statin in wound healing process was shown by its ability to improve vascularization in chronic wound through increased VEGF concentration which is disturbed in abnormal wound healing process. Topical simvastatin was also proven to have antimicrobial effect which could potentially prevent bacteria from disrupting epithelialization and wound healing process. The patient was given normal saline compression twice daily followed by application of 0.5% simvastatin in gentamicin ointment twice daily after saline compression. After two weeks of treatment, the ulcers on both fingers and toes improved.


Vibrational analyses, based on the group frequency factorization procedure of King and Crawford, are reported for ethylene oxide, d4-ethylene oxide, and ethylene sulfide in an attempt to decide between two possible vibrational assignments for these molecules.The results, whilst not providing an unequivocal decision between the assignments, nevertheless do suggest that the higher frequencies in the A2 and B2 species may be preferentially assigned to the methylene rocking modes.


Researchers Failing to Disclose Their Study Hypotheses?; Fears About Sharing Physician Notes With Patients Were Overblown; US Back Care System Not Alone in Performing Poorly A pair of studies has identified two factors which appear to be important contributors to overdiagnosis and overtreatment across medicine. One study suggests that healthcare providers typically and routinely overestimate the benefits of common treatments for individual patients. And in some cases, glaringly so. Daniel J. Morgan, MD, of the University of Maryland and colleagues administered an in-person survey to 723 primary care physicians and their associates in seven states and the District of Columbia— describing various disease and treatment scenarios. (See Morgan et al., 2021a.) They compared their responses to scientifically validated answers. The participants consistently overestimated the impact of treatments, and not by a small margin. "Widespread overestimates of the benefits of therapy likely contribute to overtreatment in actual patients. Improved understanding of the effects of treatments is essential for precise use of therapies and better patient outcomes," according to Morgan et al. This is a huge problem in back care where many healthcare providers have overtouted the impact of their favored treatments for decades—and continue to do so today. In defiance of the scientific evidence and in defiance of guideline recommendations.


Zinc ion is of growing interest in medicine and biology generally, and especially in the ischemic brain and other tissues. We have developed ratiometric fluorescence-based biosensors for the study of zinc in these systems; the biosensors use apocarbonic anhydrase variants as recognition elements that offer high sensitivity and selectivity. We report continuous in situ, in vivo measurement of nanomolar extracellular zinc in the brain of an animal model of ischemia using a ratiometric fiber optic biosensor. We also report the development of an expressible excitation ratiometric indicator of zinc ion suitable for use in cells that exhibits picomolar sensitivity. Finally, we also report the discovery that the Zn complex of the chelator TPEN seems to be comparably apoptogenic to the free chelator itself.


In order to discuss the quality characters of aged Keemun black tea,the Keemun black tea made in 2006 was taken as the material to conduct sensory evaluation and inspect its major biochemical components.The results showed that the Keemun black tea made in 2006 got a low score by sensory evaluation,the contents of water,soluble saccharide,TB and the organic acids increased with a mall scale,while the contents of water extract,polyphenol,amino acids,TF and TR,which contribute to the quality of tea,have all decreased.Therefore,in terms of the quality characters of Keemun black tea,the aged Keemun black tea made in 2006 has lost its origin quality.


BACKGROUND: Organic, mineral and organomineral fertilizers in both granular and powder form are used in agricultural production in order to increase of soil fertility significantly, as well as to replenish soil reserves of micro-, meso- and macroelements. For fertilizer screening on a surface of a field, agricultural producers use machines with centrifugal-type working bodies which have horizontal or vertical rotation axis. In pursuance of the task of reducing the shift time consumption, a number of researchers find it reasonable to use a low-frame design of the machine to make direct loading of it from the dump truck body possible. For machines, having such design, rotary spreading working bodies with blades on a horizontal rotation axis are the most suitable.
AIMS: The article is concerned with the justification of the design parameters of the blades of the rotary spreading working body of the low-frame body spreader of solid mineral and organomineral fertilizers.
METHODS: The length of the working surface of the rotor blade with a horizontal rotation axis is justified theoretically for the most uniform distribution of solid fertilizers. An example of calculating the length of the blade of such a device based on the previously established overall dimensions of the spreader is given.
RESULTS: On the basis of experimental data, the expediency of using trough-shaped blades with a length of 110 mm was confirmed. The most effective design parameters of the dimensions of the rotor blades for screening fertilizers were established, taking into account the reduction of possible options for fertilizer granules crushing by means of preventing their recirculation inside the rotor casing. The relevance of research of devices with rotary working bodies on horizontal axes of rotation is argued.
CONCLUSIONS: Possible prospects for future research and the possibility of further improvement of the low-frame granular fertilizer spreader are proposed.


OAK-B135 This project is to develop advanced technologies for DNA sequencing and genotyping. The core technologies are automated probing of multiplexed membranes and high throughput electro-spray mass spectrometry.


Graphene/polyaniline/Co3O4 ternary composites were synthesized by a facile route using graphene oxide/polyaniline (GO/PANI) and cobalt salts as raw materials through hydrothermal treatment. The composites prepared by the novel two-step method presented an interconnected lamella structure in which the Co3O4 nanoparticles uniformly dispersed on the ultrathin graphene nanosheets, and exhibited an outstanding performance with large specific capacitance of 789.7 F g -1 at a current density of 1 A g -1 . Furthermore, their capacitance retained 81.8% at 10 A g -1 for 1000 cycles, which indicated it could be a promising supercapacitor with a superior capacitance and cycling stability.