From Posttraumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) to somatic disorders, when black dots show the difference. Long term ventilation because of respiratory insufficiency with saturation problems is commonly seen on intensive care units. We report about a young adult who was admitted to the ICU after respiratory failure and was ventilated for almost two weeks. After extubation the patient felt depressed, showed a panic facial expression and was clinically diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. The following performed cMRI showed multiple microbleeds bihemispheral and were not caused by hypertension or cerebral amyloid angiopathy which are common causes for cerebral microbleeds in elderly patients. Cerebral microbleeds with predominance of the corpus callosum like they were seen in the above mentioned patient can typically be found in younger patients with diseases requiring intensive care, such as respiratory failure and are classified as critical illness-associated microbleeds. Although the connection between these hemorrhages and respiratory failure is not completely understood there are several theories regarding the aetiological cause. The following case report shows the patient's history with clinical findings and typical radiological ones of this rarer cause of cerebral microbleeds in comparison to the aetiology of microbleeds of known risk factors. Nevertheless it points out the importance for radiologists of knowing about the diversity of cerebral microbleeds. Hagenah J, Kopetsch C*, Scheer F, Jowaed A and Andresen R Department of Neuroradiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology/Neuroradiology, Germany Annals of Clinical Case Reports Neurology Remedy Publications LLC., | http://anncaserep.com/ 2020 | Volume 5 | Article 1850 2 Kopetsch C, et al., Neurologically, flaccid tetraparesis and reduced algesia were seen after extubation, and suspicion of a mild critical illness polyneuropathy was confirmed. In addition, the patient was suffering from hyperreactive delirium. Three days after extubation, the patient's mood was depressed and he was autonomically impaired, with a tendency to latent hypoventilation and a look of panic. Suspicion of a posttraumatic stress disorder was expressed, but cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (cMRI) was performed to exclude a somatic cause. In SWI of the cMRI, multiple bihemispherical hemosiderin deposits were seen, with a predominance in the corpus callosum. The T2-weighted images (Figures 2a-2f) showed an accompanying vasogenic edema. In a subsequent neuropsychological examination, impairments in the areas of speech, linguistic divergent thinking, memory and briefly delayed recall were seen, so that a cognitive disorder resulting from a disease, injury or functional disorder of the brain according to ICD-10 [F07.8] was assumed.


Abstract The aims of the study reported in this article are to investigate factors affecting English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers' use of computers in their classrooms and to find out EFL teachers' perceptions of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and ways to improve CALL practice in school settings. Participants in the study were twelve Korean in-service teachers of EFL working at secondary schools in Korea. A questionnaire and follow-up in-depth interviews were employed to collect data. The results of the study indicate that the teachers have positive and favourable attitudes toward the use of the computers. They consider computer technology as a useful teaching tool that can enhance ways of teaching by offering students a variety of language inputs and expanding students' learning experiences in real and authentic contexts. It is also reported that external factors such as lack of time, insufficient computer facilities, rigid school curricula and textbooks and lack of administrative support negatively influence the implementation of CALL in the classroom. Internal factors such as teachers' limited computer skills, knowledge about computers and beliefs and perceptions of CALL also seem to significantly affect teachers' decisions on the use of CALL. Based on the findings of the study, implications are made for the effective implementation of CALL in EFL contexts.


Aim Oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL), verylow density lipoprotein (VLDL ) and high densitylipoprotein(HDL) were occured in vivo in endogenoushypertriglyceridemia (HTG ) human.Methods Human plasma triglycerides (TG), totalcholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC), apolipoproteins A l, AⅡ, B100, CⅢ, Eand lipoperoxide (LPO) levels in 25 endogenous HTGpatients whose plasma TG levels were2. 26 mmol/Land TC6. 21 mmol/L, and in 25 normal age-matchedpersons (TG 2. 26 mmol/L, TC 6. 21 mmol/L )were measwred. Blood glucose, TC, TG and HDLCwere performed by enzyme method. Plasmaapolipoprotein were determined by radial immunuodiffusion (RID) assay. The human plasma LDL, VLDLand HDL were isolated by the one step density gradientultra-centrification method. The oxidative modificationof LDL, VLDL and HDL was identified by agarose gelelectrophoresis, absorbance at 234 nm and fluorescenceof thiobarbituric acid reaction substance(TBARS).Results The results showed that plasma TG, LPOand apolipoprotein B100 levels in endogenous HTGgroup were significantly higher than that of the controlgroup (P0. 01). Plasma HDLC and apolipoprotein AⅠ contents in endogenous HTG group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P 0.01). The electrophoretic mobility of LDL,VLDL andHDL was increased and absorbance at 234 nm andTBARS of LDL, VLDL and HDL in endogenous HTGgroup were significantly higher than that of the controlgroup (P0. 01).Couclusion The results suggest that not only LDLbut also VLDL and HDL were oxidatively modified invivo of endogenous HTG patients-


Collaborative Action provides a novel approach to modeling interaction among users and machines and IT-mediated collaboration among people to solve problems. CoAct extends the notions of affordance and moves away from idiosyncratic, subjective mental models of the world to the notion that actors with similar capacities to act can potentially discern similar action possibilities in the world. It changes the direction from discovery and alignment of internal representations to mutual attunement of collaborators to build sufficient capabilities, share informational structures, and calibrate selectivity to achieve shared affordances. CoAct has the potential to influence such diverse areas as usability engineering, information overload, and group decision making. CoAct can be used at multiple levels of granularity, from fine granularity of a single interaction to tracking intermediate progress and results of a set of interactions. Propositions based on CoAct are presented. An initial experiment provides some support for an affordance-based approach to information sharing/design.


In this paper, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning-based quality-of-service (QoS) routing protocol, namely DRQR, exploiting cross-layer design to establish efficient QoS (EQS) routes in cognitive radio mobile ad hoc networks. An EQS route is a route with minimum end-to-end (E2E) queuing delay subject to QoS constraints such as link stability, residual energy, number of hops and avoiding licensed channels of primary users. Particularly, we propose an NP-complete optimization problem which has a feasible solution as an EQS route. To tackle this problem, we design a new deep reinforcement learning model which supports the DRQR protocol to establish EQS routes in real time by offline training instead of online training like most of literature studies. Moreover, the DRQR protocol guarantees to have high system performance. A mathematical analysis of the E2E queuing delay with random waypoint mobility model also provides to verify simulation results. Numerical results show that the DRQR protocol outperforms state-of-the-art routing protocols in terms of routing delay, queuing delay, control overhead, PDR and energy consumption.


The general social science issue addressed by this article is whether social formations change very much as they take on the characteristics popularly associated with "cyberspace"—that is, as their reproduction is heavily mediated by automated information and communication technologies (AICTs). It also inquires as to the extent to which the changes associated with cyberspace are a consequence of changes in knowledge. The article begins with an extended critique of influential scholarly ideas about the relationship between AICTs, knowledge and social formation reproduction, dem onstrating how they all share a capital theory of value masquerading as a knowledge theory of value. An alternative, "real" knowledge theory of value is developed and argued for in relation to potential changes in reproduction dynamics that can be connected to AICTs. Finally, the alternative is evaluated in relation to the author's current research, on advocacy for and development of Free/Libre and Open Source Software, in the Malay World and more generally. The ultimate aim of the theory developed is to help make studies of AICTs' cultural correlates more comparative.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the distribution of nociceptive nerve fibers in the cervical intervertebral discs of patients with chronic neck pain and determine whether these nociceptive nerve fibers are related to discogenic neck pain.

METHODS
We collected 43 samples of cervical intervertebral discs from 34 patients with severe chronic neck pain (visual analog scale [VAS] ≥ 70 mm), 42 samples from 36 patients who suffered cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or myelopathy without neck pain or with mild neck pain (VAS ≤ 30 mm) and 32 samples from eight donators to investigate their innervation immunohistochemically using an antibody against neuropeptide substance P.

RESULTS
The immunohistochemical investigation revealed that substance P-positive nerve fibers were obviously increased in number and deeply ingrown into the inner anulus fibrosus and even into the nucleus pulposus in the degenerative cervical discs of patients with severe neck pain in comparison with the discs of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or myelopathy and normal control discs (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
The current study may indicate a key role of nociceptive nerve fibers in the pathogenesis of neck pain of cervical disc origin.


Light and nutrients are two essential factors that plants must have to grow and forming yield. The aim of our work is to add some information about the yield forming procedure of maize. Taking leaf gas exchange measurements not in a laboratory but in the field has great significance. We measured the assimilation parameters of maize hybrids in field trial on the nutrient supply. Lonhardne et al. (1996) investigated the photosynthetic potential in nutrient supply experiments. The photosynthetic potential depended on the nutrient levels. Bindraban (1999) wrote that in his observations the photosynthesis in the lower leaves of wheat depended mainly on the light intensity. The effect of nitrogen supply was low. Shangguan et al. (2000) agreed that the nitrogen and water supply has great affect on the photosynthetic gas exchange. The higher nitrogen supply lowered the water use efficiency of the plants and the net photosynthetic rate decreased. Janda et al. (1998) studied photosynthetic activity of maize plants under different environmental conditions. They estimated that there were no differences between net photosynthetic rate of genotypes in optimal temperature but in lower temperature there were differences. In the experiments in California Hirasawa et al. (1999) found that the leaves reach the maximum photosynthesis rate in the morning on droughty days in spite of that the soil was irrigated. Sharma et al. (1998) established that the UV-B light significantly decreased the net photosynthesis in the leaves of the wheat.


Telecommunications has been one of the most dynamic service activities in Albania, being developed under privatization and investments of foreigners and locals investments. The mobile phone market has experienced significant growth thanks to increased competition in the market at the moment that AMC has joined Vodafone and Eagle Mobile afterwards, followed by the company PLUS. Specifically, mobile companies are at the top of the list in terms of revenue collection. The telecommunications market in Bangladesh has room for further growth given that he is under the maturity level compared to European countries. Fixed line sector in this market marks the lowest rate of his penetration, about 11 %. His appearance with a poor infrastructure encourages customers to use mobile mass, ranking Albania in one of the countries with the highest mobile penetration in Europe. The paper considers the period 2008 - 2012, during which the mobile market is composed of only three companies: Vodafone, AMC and Eagle Mobile. So the paper observed three companies, each for a period of five years. For such a work can be built upon an analysis of panel data. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2014.v3n2p365


The Ereğli Coal Region has always kept its importance since its discovery in 1829. The period starting with the discovery of coal in Zonguldak Ereğli, has continued with the processing of the coal as well as marketing it to domestic and foreign markets. During the Ottoman period, the production of coal was done by means of domestic and foreign investors but the target production goal could not be reached. Although in 1867 the Dilaver Pasa Regulation required obligatory work until the target production goal was met, the result did not change. Once the Ottoman Ministry of the Navy permitted the sale of 40% of the coal production, both the capital flow and the production of coal increased. Nevertheless, the foreign capital owners have always acted according to their own benefits and the coal production remained low.


This paper contributes to the debate about conceptualising policy research by considering Howell's (1990) call that researchers reveal the 'principle of choice' which guides the selection of topics, strategies and resources in research. Specifically, it addresses the question of what information must be made available to other researchers so that there can be productive continuing conversations' (Ball 1994:174) about policy research and its conceptualisation. An examination of the policy sociology literature indicates that the specification of the 'principle of choice' requires discussion of the intellectual resources deployed in the research and a consideration of the processes of intellectual work which render these resources meaningful. This specification is then applied in relation to my current research, the 'Social Organisation of Education Practice' (soep) project to investigate the changing relationship between education and training in Australia. The products and processes of intellectual work th...


In this period, traveling has become one of the activities most in demand by the community, many people try to get rid of boredom by switching to traveling. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of lifestyle among millennials on their attitude toward traveling activities. We use survey research that is conducted to understand the causal relationships between variables with the use of a questionnaire as the instrument to obtain data. The questionnaire is distributed to 100 samples who fulfill the requirements. The sample is millennials in Pontianak City who are between 20 - 39 years old. The data analysis method used is Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The hypothesis is the lifestyle and travel motivation have an effect to tour preferences. Furthermore, lifestyle, travel motivation, and tour preferences have an effect on consumer intention to travel. The result of this research shows that all the hypotheses are accepted. Not a few people think traveling has become a hobby and lifestyle because traveling itself has become a trending topic in the community.


The paper discusses the design of a .NET Windows Service based agent system called MACS (Multi-Agent Classification System). MACS is a system aims to accurately classify spreadsheet developers competency over a network. It is designed to automatically and autonomously monitor spreadsheet users and gather their development activities based on the utilization of the software multi-agent technology (MAS). This is accomplished in such a way that makes management capable to efficiently allow for precise tailor training activities for future spreadsheet development. The monitoring agents of MACS are intended to be distributed over the WWW in order to satisfy the monitoring and classification of the multiple developer aspect. The Prometheus methodology is used for the design of the agents of MACS. Prometheus has been used to undertake this phase of the system design because it is developed specifically for specifying and designing agent-oriented systems. Additionally, Prometheus specifies also the communication needed between the agents in order to coordinate to achieve their delegated tasks. Keywords—Classification, Design, MACS, MAS, Prometheus. I. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY FOR AGENTBASED SYSTEMS S agents are gaining acceptance as a technology and are being used, there is a growing need for practical methods for developing agent applications. However, one of the most fundamental obstacles to large-scale take-up of agent technology is the lack of mature software development methodologies for agent-based systems [8]. Numerous agent oriented methodologies have been proposed in the literature such as Prometheus [5], [6], GAIA [13], TROPOS [10], [2] and MaSE [11], [12], just to name a few. Additionally, there are other software development methodologies such as Agile, RUP, and Shlaer-Mellor that can be considered as alternatives for the design of the agent system. The section below briefly explains why Prometheus has been chosen for the design of the agent system. II. THE PROMETHEUS METHODOLOGY Prometheus is intended to be a practical methodology. As such, it aims to be complete: providing everything that is needed (start-to-end process) to specify and design agent systems. Other distinguishing features of the Prometheus methodology are [7]: M. R. Mhereeg was with Glamorgan University, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, UK. He is now with the Department of Computer Science, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya (e-mail: email@example.com). Prometheus is detailed – it provides detailed guidance on how to perform the various steps that form the process of Prometheus. Prometheus supports (though is not limited to) the design of agents that are based on goals and plans. Prometheus covers a range of activities from requirements specification through to detailed design. Prometheus allows the creation of the communication between the agents when a message is sent from one agent to another. The methodology is designed to facilitate tool support, and tool support exists in the form of the Prometheus Design Tool (PDT). Prometheus, through its three phases (Fig. 1), system specification, architectural design, and detailed design, defines an in-depth process for specifying and designing agentoriented systems. The process defines a range of artefacts some of which are used as permanent, and others that are used as 'stepping stones' for other artefacts. Artefacts include goals, capabilities, events, plans and data structures, actions and percepts. The system specification phase focuses on the identification of system goals, developing use case scenarios that demonstrate the operation of the system to be developed, determining the basic functionalities of the system and the specification of the interface between the system and its working environment by identifying the result actions. The architectural design phase builds on the artefacts (deliverables) from the system specification phase to determine the composition of the agents the system will contain and how they will interact. This stage is also used to capture the system's overall structure and its dynamic behaviour. The detailed design is used to establish the internal design of each agent within the system and is not dependent on any one particular development platform/environment. Although Agile, RUP, and Shlaer-Mellor are general purpose software development methodologies, these methods could be used as alternative solutions for the design of the agent system. In contrast, Prometheus is developed specifically for specifying and designing agent-oriented systems, therefore it has been chosen to undertake this phase of the project. Additionally, Prometheus and its accompanying tool (PDT) beyond specifying and designing the agents required to construct the agency specify also the communication needed between these agents in order to coordinate to achieve their delegated tasks. Furthermore, Prometheus has been compared to other existing software development methodologies for agent-based systems [3], [4]. Mohamed R. Mhereeg The Design of the Multi-Agent Classification System (MACS) A World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Computer and Systems Engineering Vol:8, No:4, 2014 631 International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 8(4) 2014 D ig ita l O pe n Sc ie nc e In de x, C om pu te r an d Sy st em s E ng in ee ri ng V ol :8 , N o: 4, 2 01 4 w as et .o rg /P ub lic at io n/ 99 98 10 9 The features of Prometheus distinguish it from these methodologies, but none of them have all of the Prometheus features described below [7]. Fig. 1 The phases of Prometheus methodology Thus, Prometheus methodology and its accompanying Prometheus Design Tool (PDT) have been specifying and designing the agents needed to construct the Multi-Agent System (MACS). However, demonstration of how Prometheus through its three phases (Fig. 1), system specification, architectural design can be used to achieve this goal. A. System Specification This section discusses the artifacts and processes required in the system specification phase, the initial phase of the Prometheus methodology. 1. Goal Specification a. Brief Statement of the Problem Scenario The system will automatically and continuously monitor end-users developing application in the spreadsheet domain over a network and gather their development activities. The data gathered from multiple resources will be collected in an Oracle Server Database for further processing. The processing will lead to the classification of the users based on well defined classification criteria explained in classification is dependent of their knowledge and experience of both excel and the excel macro language Visual Basic for Application (VBA) [1]. The categories are Excel User, Excel Power User, VBA Developer, Excel Developer, and Professional Excel Developer. A typical off as a simple consumer of data and progress through simple charts, formulas, pivot tables, VBA development further to automate other applications, use and XML for sharing data over the Internet. from [1] summarizes the categories of the users. It explains the categories together with a description and the level of knowledge (Usage) required for every category. The MultiAgent Classification System (MACS) will consist of a number of software agents. These agents will monitor the chosen for


Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of locking plate to treat comminuted fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients. Methods A total of 72 elderly patients with humeral proximal comminuted fracture hospitalized in Department of Orthopedics of Linying County People's Hospital from Jun. 2010 to Aug. 2012 were included as observation objects,and they were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,36 cases in each group. The patients of treatment group were treated by locking plate,the patients of control group were given non-surgical treatment. The shoulder joint function,hematoma,traumatic osteoarthritis,traumatic skin necrosis,the average healing time of the two groups after operation were compared. Results The shoulder joint function recovery to living of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group with a significant difference[86. 1%( 31 /36) vs 63. 9%( 23 /36),P 0. 05];the incidence of complications in the treatment group was obviously less than that of the control group with statistically significant differences[25. 0%( 9 /36) vs 63. 9%( 23 /36),P 0. 05 ]; the treatment group was superior to the control group in terms of average healing time[( 3. 5 ± 1. 2) months vs( 4. 5 ± 1. 3) months,P 0. 05]. Conclusion Method of locking plate in the treatment of comminuted fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients is a better choice,which can achieve a good therapeutic effect.


G signature of some Egyptian populations of the fish Hemichromis bimaculatus was detected using some isozyme systems including: Malate dehydrogenase (Mdh), Malic enzyme (ME), Esterase (Est) with three specific esterase substrates and protein polymorphisms. The applied samples were obtained from three distantly Egyptian locations namely, Qariater (Q population), Wadi EL-Rian (R population) and Lake Manzala (Ml and M2 populations). The samples were extracted from skeletal muscles. Native PAGE (10% polyacrylamide gel under non denaturing conditions) and SDS-PAGE were used ta separate the saline soluble muscle proteins. The results indicated that each population had a unique banding pattern. The similarity was high within each population. The dendrogram indicated that (Ml) and (M2) were much related to each other, while (Q) population was distantly related to the other investigated populations. INTRODUCTION Several species of family Cichiidae have become popular for aquaculturists such as Tilapia sp. (Eknath, 1994), while H. bimaculatus is 84 Mohamed A. Rashed et ah not popular because it has a small size, but its characters are useful for use as a model in laboratory tests especially in genetic studies. Hemichromis bimaculatus (family: Cichlidae) is a small freshwater fish, with dark color on the upper side, pink to yellow on the lower and has sky blue dots on the head. The dorsal fin, anal fin and rays of the caudal fin are crimson. Its body cells have 44 chromosomes (2N=44) (Badawy, 2O05). About 160 fish species are endangered and about one species per year becomes extinct. The threats include water abstraction, pollution, overfishing and impacts of exotic species (Pullin, 1997). Therefore, the need for establishing more criteria of species identification must be emphasized. The use of biochemical methods such as isozymes and protein electrophoretic techniques for species identification have been widely applied in fish (Ladewig and Shwantes, 1984; Bezrukov, 1987; Rashed et al, 1998; Saad et ai, 2002). Some studies on muscle protein polymorphism concluded, that muscle protein was highly conserved which resulted in low intravariations (Rashed et ai, 2000; Saad et ai, 2002). Analysis of eiectrophoretically detectable genetic variation is a useful mean of inferring the genetic structures of natural and farmed populations and for delineating taxonomic relationships (Hauser et d.,1998). The present work aimed to study both intra and inter location genetic variations among the investigated fish populations, using proteinbanding pattern and Isozyme polymorphisms of saline soluble muscle proteins. MATERIAL AND METHODS The applied samples were collected from three distantly Egyptian locations namely: Qanater, Kalyobia (Q population), Lake Manzala, Dakahlia (Ml and M2 populations) and Lake Wadi EL-Rian, Fayoum (R population) . Protein Extraction: Skeletal Muscles were chosen for soluble protein extraction. The muscle samples (0.25g each) were powdered, using liquid nitrogen and extracted in appropriate volume of 0.85% NaCl solution. SDS-PAGE and Native PAGE electrophoresis: For SDS PAGE, each sample (lOOul) was diluted with an equal volume of 2X leans buffer (Laemmii, 1970) and samples extractions were GENETIC SIGNATURE OF SOME H. BIMACULATUS FISH 85 POPULATIONS BASED ON MUSCLE PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM digested for 5 min (Saad et al, 2002). Samples were applied to 15% polyacrylamide gel. Gel preparation, electrophoresis conditions, staining and destaining gels were done according to Laemmli (1970). For native gels, 10% polyacrylamide gel (under non denaturing conditions) with Tris-borate EDTA buffer pH8.6 (Markert and Faulhaber, 1965) was used to separate 30 pi protein extract. All gels were stained according to Laemmli (1970). Isozyme polymorphisms: Muscle esterase isozyme polymorphisms: The saline soluble skeletal muscles extracts were used for electrophoresis. Malate dehydrogenase (Mdh), Malic enzyme (ME), Esterase (Est) isozyme systems were used to study the population identity. Three synthetic esterase substrates namely: ocnaphthylpropionate, co-naphthylacetate and a-naphthylvalerate were employed to discriminate esterase isozyme variations (Tanksley an<f Rick, 1980; Tanksley and Orton, 1983 ; McAndrow and Majumdar, 1983J Genetic similarity and distance: Both genetic similarity and distance were estimated according to Bardacki and Skibinski (1994). Bands were scored as 1 if present or 0 if absent. Dendrogram Construction: SPSS package program was used to construct relationships among the examined fish populations. RESULTS SDS-PAGE and Native PAGE analysis of soluble muscle proteins: The results led to the conclusion that muscle protein banding pattern had an importance in fish characterization. Accordingly, soluble fraction of muscle protein was considered in the present work to study population structure (inter-specific) of four H. bimaculatus populations. In the present work, two phases of study were conducted. Firstly, to assess the populations' structure (inter-specific) and secondly, to compart the populations (intra-specific) at both protein and Isozyme levels. Interand intra-specific variations: The SDS-PAGE protein patterns of the four examined populations are shown in Figs. 1-a, b, c and d for Q, Ml, M2 and R populations, respectively. For comparison, each population was bulked and sampled (Fig. 1-e). 86 Mohamed A. Rashed et al. The native PAGEs are shown in Figs. 2-a, b, c and d For comparison, each population was sampled by four individuals (Fig. 2-e). The average similarity values (Table 1) and the total obtained bands (Table 2) within each population were calculated. It is noticed from Table (1) that the total number of obtained bands were 24 SDS and 10 native, 23 SDS and 11 native, 23 SDS and 12 native and 26 SDS and 12 native for Q, Ml, M2 and R populations respectively. The average similarity values within each population was calculated based on SDS-PAGE and Native separated protein polymorphisms. They were 0.95, 0.93, 0.93 and 0.97 for Q, Ml, M2 and R populations, respectively. The similarity values among the four fish populations were presented in Table3 (down diagonal). They were 0.86, 0.84, 0.80, 0.96, 0.87 and 0.90 between Q and Ml, Q and M2, Q and R, Ml and M2, Ml and R and M2 and R, respectively. Isozyme variations: The isozyme system patterns that include: Esterase (Est), Malate dehydrogenase (Mdh) and Malic enzyme (ME) are shown in Figs. (3-5) The average values of similarity within each population were calculated based on each Isozyme system and summarized in Table (1). For comparison, four individuals from each population were dissected and sampled for Est. Isozyme system with two Est. isozymes, otnaphthylpropionate and a-naphthylacetate. Esterase (Est): The esterase Isozyme patterns are illustrated in Figs. 3a,b, c, d, e, f, g, h, I, j , k and l.The estrases are a complex class of enzymes, where electrophoretic expression depends on the choice of substrate.With <xnaphthyl propionate, oc-naphthyl acetate and oc-naphthyi valerate synthetic as substrates, from seven to ten , from four to nine and from two to five anodally migrated Est bands (alleles) were respectively recognized in all populations.. All the examined samples shared some Est bands. High intense patterns were noted with a-naphthyl propionate and a-naphthyl acetate substrate. Esterase with these two substrates was chosen to study the polymorphisms among the applied four populations (Figs. 3 m and n). The similarity values among these four fish populations are presented in Table 3 (upper diagonal). They were 0.78, 0.72 0.64 0.93, 0.84 and 0.91 GENETIC SIGNATURE OF SOME H. BIMACULATUS FISH 87 POPULATIONS BASED ON MUSCLE PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM^ between Q and Ml, Q and M2, Q and R, Ml and M2, Ml and R and M2 and R, respectively. The average values of similarity within each population were 1, 0.88, 1 and 0.99, using both a-naphthyl propionate and a-naphthyl acetate as Est. substrates for (Q), (Ml), (M2) and (R) populations, respectively. On the other hand, the average values of similarities revealed from Est. with a-naphthyl valerate were 0.89 and 0.80 for (Q) and (Ml) respectively, while it was 1 for both (M2) and (R) populations (Table 1). , Malic Enzyme (ME): The Malic enzyme (ME) patterns are illustrated in Figs. (4a, b, c and d) for (Q), (Ml), (M2) and (R) populations, respectively. The total number of obtained (ME) bands are presented in Table ( 2 ). (R) population has three (ME) bands, while four bands were detected in the other populations (Q, Ml and M2). The average values of similarity within each population was calculated. They were 0.99, 0.93, 0.83 and 0.72 for (Q), (Ml), (M2) and (R) populations, respectively. Malate dehydrogenase (Mdh): The Malate dehydrogenase (Mdh) patterns are illustrated in Figs. (5-a, b, c and d) for (Q), (Ml), (M2) and (R) populations, respectively. The total number of obtained (Mdh) bands are presented in Table (2). (R) population has two (Mdh) bands, while three bands were detected in the other populations (Q, Ml and M2). DISCUSSION Protein polymorphisms: The obtained results showed that each population had a unique protein banding pattern. In addition, the same conclusion was revealed by different authors in other species of family Cichlidae such as O. niloticus (Rashed et al, 1998), S. gallilaeus and T. zillii ( Falk et al, 1996), and O. aureus (Saad et al, 2002). On the other hand, in the catfish Claris gariepinus SDS-PAGE was a sensitive technique for studying fish population structures (Rashed et al, 2000) Falk et al. (1996) separated water soluble skeletal muscle proteins of some species of family Cichlidae (S. gallilaeus and T. zillii) in a 5-30% polyacrylamide gradient gel. Each profile showed a high number of comassie stained proteins. In addition, the estimated MW of resolvable components ranged from 13 -200 KDa. In another study carried out by 88 Mohamed A. Rashed et ah Saad et ah (2002), S


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the tribological properties of poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) with nano/microstructure core-shell lanthanum borate-SiO2 composites (OCLS). Design/methodology/approach – Oleic acid-capped core-shell lanthanum borate-SiO2 composites were synthesized by an easy way. The composites were characterized by means of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The friction and wear behaviors of the quenched AISI 1045 steel specimens sliding against AISI 52100 steel under the lubrication of PAO containing OCLS were comparatively investigated with PAO containing SiO2 additive on an Optimol SRV reciprocating friction and wear tester. On the other hand, the tribological properties of the PAO containing OCLS were also investigated on four-ball tester. Findings – The diameter of OCLS was about 20 nm, and the thickness of the SiO2 shell was less than 5 nm. The ratio of oleic acid (OA) is about...


The paper studies an inventory decision-making problem for items with a certain percentage of defectives and shortages permitted.By assuming that shortage is completely backordered and considering that defective rate and inspection errors obey a certain distribution,we develop the decision-making model of inventory with the objective of the maximum expected profit.Furthermore,we give the solution process and derive the expression of the optimal solutions,using the simple property of quadratic function and the arithmetic geometric mean inequality.Finally,numerical example is presented and the effects of parameters on the optimal solutions are analyzed.


Method: Data was analysed from patients referred to the COVID-19 Vaccine Allergy Clinic at Campbelltown Hospital from June 2021 to May 2022. Most referred patients underwent skin testing (SPT) to the Pfizer Comirnaty and AstraZeneca Vaxzevria COVID-19 vaccines as well as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysorbate-80 excipients. Patients subsequently received COVID-19 vaccination in the community, or as a supervised dose in the clinic from September 2021 onwards, with clinical outcomes collected.


As I start my second two-year term (2017–2018) as the Editor-in-Chief (EIC) of the IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems (TVLSI), I wish the TVLSI readership a very happy new year and continued professional success. It gives me great pleasure to report on the state of the journal and our performance metrics. Over the past two years, TVLSI has seen a healthy increase in the number of submissions—from 687 in 2014 to 770 in 2015, and at the time of writing of this editorial, we are at 760 submissions for 2016. We expect the number of submissions for 2016 to cross 800 before the end of the year. TVLSI, therefore, continues to be the premier archival journal for university researchers and industry practitioners in the broad area of VLSI system design.


The effect of the metal coating on the machinability of cubic silicon carbide was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The effect of the metal coating on the surface of the workpiece was explained using cutting force, friction coefficient, surface morphology, stress, temperature, and tool wear. The results show that the influence of metal type on cutting force, surface morphology, and stress is insignificant for coating thickness. However, the model with Cu coating has a tool suspension key number of 400 at the maximum cutting distance. The number of tool suspension keys for the Ni-Ti coating model is around 1700, indicating that the type of coating has a significant impact on tool wear. Furthermore, the results also show that in the three metals of Cu, Ni and Ni -Ti, Cu coating has the greatest impact on improving cutting performance. Among them, the average cutting force of 1.5 nm Cu coating is about 33.3% lower than that of without coating, and the tool wear is about 26.7% lower. These results demonstrate the effects of the metal coating on the workpiece surface from a theoretical point of view.


e19012 Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exhibits activation of multiple tumor pathways. Presence of multiple aberrations may account for drug resistance as well as strategies for combination therapies. We examined concurrent aberrations of biomarkers in NSCLC to present an overview of potential patient cohorts who may benefit from such combinations. Methods: 6,785 NSCLC cases were evaluated. Specific testing was performed and included a multiplatform approach: sequencing (Sanger, NGS), protein expression (IHC) and gene amplification (CISH/FISH). Results: The EGFR mutation (MT) rate in this population was 12.7% (135/1059), of which 57% (55/96) overexpressed EGFR (IHC) and 61% (169/277) had EGFR gene amplification (FISH). This demonstrates the dependence on the EGFR pathway and potential importance of dual inhibition with cetuximab and EGFR TKIs. 66% (63/96) and 7% (6/90) of EGFR MT patients were MET high (IHC) and amplified (CISH), respectively, suggesting potential benefit from dual targetin...


The second-order mass-spring-damping (KBI) model has traditionally been used to represent the dynamic properties of the musculoskeletal system. However, it has been proposed this model does not adequately represent all the properties within this system, which is at least third-order. In this paper, we propose a viewpoint the dynamics of passive movement and active movement can be represented by two separate second-order KBI models. To explore this idea, we use the original KBI model (named P-KBI model in this paper) set forth by Gomi and colleagues to fit the dynamic responses of small perturbations (passive movements), and introduce a novel KBI model (A-KBI model) to reconstruct equilibrium point (EP) trajectories from actual movement trajectories (active movements). These models are subsequently implemented to simulate single-joint and double-joint fast movement. The results show "simple" EP trajectories obtained from a second-order mass-spring-damping model (A-KBI) are feasible for fast goal-directed single-joint movement as well as double-joint movement, with "simple" EP trajectories varying as a function of the accuracy requirements.


A highly integrated homodyne receiver has been demonstrated within a footprint of 1 cm2. The receiver successfully receives 40 Gbit/s BPSK and error free is achieved up to 35 Gbit/s. Theoretical analysis has been also carried out showing the feasibility of integrated 16 QAM homodyne coherent receivers.


The purpose of this study was to examine the writing skills of 7th- and 8th-grade students with a high proportion of migration background in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The study was part of the SchriFT project (2017–20), funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. A writing task was given on the topic: Why can we only make assumptions about many past events? As an answer to the task, the students had to write a historical explanation that took into account the epistemological principles of historical reasoning. The students' writing was analysed using a category system, and their historical knowledge was assessed through a knowledge test. The results showed that the students possess diverse levels of writing skills, with few producing elaborate explanations, and most struggling with the subject-specific language and reasoning skills. The study also highlights the potential for genre-based writing approaches in history education. The results suggest that many students perceive history as an image of the past and have limited understanding of historical reasoning. Further research is needed to investigate the influence of motivation and interest on language learning.


Novel Ru-Ni and Ru-Cu dinuclear complexes, in which Ru(bpy)22+ (bpy=2,2′-bipyridine) and Ni- or Cu-Schiff base unit fused together, were synthesized. The molecular structure of Ru-Ni dinuclear complex was determined by an X-ray crystal structure analysis. Photochemical studies on these complexes showed that the excited state of the Ru(bpy)22+ moiety in the dinuclear complexes was quenched by intramolecularly attached metal-Schiff base unit.


The proliferation of mobile applications and the subsequent sharing of personal data with service and application providers have given rise to substantial privacy concerns. Application marketplaces have introduced mechanisms to conform to regulations and provide individuals with control over their data. However, a notable absence persists regarding clear indications, labels or scores elucidating the privacy implications of these applications. In response to this challenge, this paper introduces a privacy quantification framework. The purpose of this framework is to systematically evaluate the level of privacy risk when using particular Android applications. The main goal is to provide individuals with qualitative labels to make informed decisions about their privacy. This work aims to contribute to a digital environment that prioritizes privacy, promotes informed decision-making, and endorses the privacy-preserving design principles incorporation.


Background: The role of supraclavicular lymph node dissection (SCLND) in breast cancer patients with ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis (ISLM) remains controversial. So far, there have been no effective imaging methods to precisely judge the feasibility of SCLND and the modes of ISLM. Case Report: We innovatively applied a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction system to assess the feasibility of SCLND preoperatively for 13 breast cancer patients with ISLM. Based on the 3D reconstruction system and intraoperative findings, we performed lymph node dissection of their lesion areas. Compared to computed tomography or ultrasonography, the 3D reconstruction system found more lymph nodes not only in the ipsilateral supraclavicular area but also in other areas in which metastasis may occur (p < 0.05), and provided visual images pertaining to the relationship between the lymph nodes and major blood vessels, nerves, and muscles. Conclusion: The 3D reconstruction system could significantly benefit the precise assessment of the lesion area and facilitate subsequent relevant surgery.


Albeit quark models explain the known baryon spectrum reasonably well, they all overpredict the number of states significantly. This is often called the "missing resonance" problem. It is speculated, that some of these resonances remained undetected in pi‐induced reactions, but have a sizeable coupling to channels with strangeness involved. This provided our motivation to measure cross sections and polarisation observables in associated Kaon‐Hyperon photoproduction with the focus on the ∑+Ks0 channel. Up to now, for this particular channel only limited data exists from the SAPHIR‐, CLAS‐ and CBELSA/TAPS‐collaboration for total and differential cross sections, and for recoil polarisation. Using the linearly polarised, energy tagged photon beam at the ELSA particle accelerator of Bonn University, data were taken with the combined photon spectrometers Crystal Barrel and TAPS. This setup is well suited to detect multi photon final states and therefore ideal to measure the reaction channel γp→∑+Ks0→pπ0π0π0→p6γ...


Roentgen visualization of the gallbladders of infants has been consistently unsatisfactory and has been of little value in diagnosis of lesions of the biliary tract. Satisfactory cholecystograms have been commonly obtained in patients older than three years when the adult dose of either tetraiodophenolphthalein or iodoalphionic acid (Priodax) has been used.1As a rule, films have been taken about 14 hours after the oral administration of contrast material. In 1945 Hrdlicka, Watkins, and Robb2reported that they had obtained satisfactory gallbladder shadows in two infants 9 and 10 months of age and in three of four infants 12 to 18 months of age. Iodoalphionic acid was used in doses two or three times the usual adult requirement per kilogram of body weight. In infants from one to seven months, no satisfactory gallbladder shadows appeared. Films were made 12 to 18 hours after the oral administration of the contrast


We use the Balmer decrements of the broad-line regions (BLRs) and narrow-line regions (NLRs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) as reddening indicators to investigate the location of the dust for four samples of AGNs with reliable estimates of the NLR contribution to the Balmer lines. Intercomparison of the NLR and BLR Balmer decrements indicates that the reddening of the NLR sets a lower limit to the reddening of the BLR. Almost no objects have high NLR reddening but low BLR reddening. The reddening of the BLR is often substantially greater than the reddening of the NLR. The BLR reddening is correlated with the equivalent widths of [O III] lines and the intensity of the [O III] lines relative to broad H\beta. We find these relationships to be consistent with the predictions of a simple model where the additional dust reddening the BLR is interior to the NLR. We thus conclude that the dust causing the additional reddening of the accretion disc and BLR is mostly located at a smaller radius than the NLR.


The parmelioid lichens is a speciose group in the Parmeliaceae family, and the biodiversity of this group is still far from completely understood in many regions of the world. One such region is southernmost South America, viz. the parts of Chile and Argentina south of 49 and 46° S, respectively, and the Falkland Islands. Based on examination of 366 herbarium samples and a study of relevant literature, 51 species of parmelioid lichens are here accepted for southernmost South America, whereas 12 species reported from the area during the last decades have been rejected. Xanthoparmelia austrosorediata and X. tehuelchorum are described as new to science here. In addition, six species are reported as new to southernmost South America, three of which are new to Chile, whereas an additional five species are new to the Chilean region of Magallanes. The apothecia of Flavoparmelia gerlachei and Xanthoparmelia subplittii are described for the first time here. Xanthoparmelia is the largest genus in the area with 21 species, two still undescribed, followed by Hypotrachyna with 11 and Parmelia with five. The lichenologically least explored part of the area is the Patagonian steppe and adjacent areas. Half of the total number of species, including all Xanthoparmelia species, is concentrated to these arid areas, and the majority of these are species which are endemic to South America. Hypotrachyna species are characteristic of the humid evergreen forest zone along the coast, and most of these species have wide pantropical or subcosmopolitan distribution ranges and few records from the present study area. The strongest focus of the present study is the National Park Torres del Paine in Magallanes, and a total of 35 parmelioid species are reported from this area here. Several of these have had their only known localities in southernmost South America destroyed by the 2011/2012 forest fire. Exploration history, frequency, distribution and evolutionary patterns are also discussed for single species or groups of species.


We contrast two approaches to thesaurus production: the traditional and intuitive one versus the Amsler-type procedure, which interactively generates filiations among the genus words in a computerized dictionary. We discuss the application of such a procedure to our lexical data base (LONGMAN DICTIONARY OF CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH).


In this paper we proposed a novel exact fixed-node quantum Monte Carlo (EFNQMC)algorithm,which is a self-optimizing and self-improving procedure,In contrast to the previous EFNQMC method,the trial function is optimized synchronistically in the diffusion procedure,but not before the beginning of EFNQMC computation.In order to optimize the trial function,the improved steepest descent technique is used,in which the step size is automatically adjustable.The procedure is quasi-Newton and converges super linearly.We also use a novel trial function,which has correct electron-electron and electron-nucleus cusp conditions.The novel EFNQMC algorithm and the novel trial function are employed to calculate the energies of 1^1A1 state of CH2,^1Ag state of C8 and the ground-states of H2,LiH,Li2,H2O,respectively.The test results show that both the novel algorithm and the trial function proposed in the present paper are very excellent.


Introduction Paediatric adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is a dynamic process involving many factors. Adherence for the majority on therapy matters to prevent failure of 1st and 2st line therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV infected children. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional hospital based analytical study, from October 2011 to April 2012. HIV-infected children aged 2 to 17 years who had been on treatment for at least six months were enrolled. Data were collected by a standard questionnaire. Two-day self-report, one month self-recall report, and pill count were used to assess adherence. Results One hundred and eighty three respondents participated in this research. There were 92 (51%) males and 91 (49%) females. Only 45 (24.6%) had good adherence to their drug regimen when subjected to all three methods of assessment. Males were more adherent to ART than females (OR= 2.26, CI 1.05-4.87, p = 0.04). Adherence was worse among children who developed ART side effects (OR= 0.19, CI 0.07- 0.56;p = 0.01), could not attend clinic on regular basis (OR= 3.4, CI 1.60- 7.36, p = 0.01) and missed drug doses in the six months period prior to interview (OR= 0.40, CI 0.18-0.82, p= 0.01). Conclusion Only 24.6% of paediatric patients had good adherence to ART when subjected to all three measures. Drug side-effects, missing drug doses in the six months period prior to study start, monthly income and affording transportation to the clinicwere strong predictors of adherence.


This study aims to teach students in the use of insert shape facilities through contextual learning on geometry material to improve students' understanding at SDN 1 Panggungerjo Kepanjen. The type of research used by Classroom Action Research. This study was carried out in two cycles and each cycle of three meetings. The research subjects were 45 third grade students of SDN 1 Panggungrejo Kepanjen. Data to be taken are: a) observation results, b) student test results, c) interview results, d) results of field notes. The process of contextual learning with insert shape facilities starts from the initial, core and final activities. The initial activity consisted of researchers grouping students, conveying learning objectives, giving questions, introducing geometry, introducing insert shapes. The core activity, studying the geometry of concrete media, giving assignments, practice insert shape applications, presentations. The final activity is reflection. The results of classroom action research in the first cycle show that the average value of student learning outcomes reached 50%. In cycle II student learning outcomes have increased by 70%. In the second cycle students were very enthusiastic about learning geometry and students could calculate the circumference and area of geometry and could practice computers with insert shape facilities.


Chemical communication in insects is based on odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), but the molecular mechanisms by which these OBPs allow the perception of volatiles and host chemicals remain unclear. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is one of the most economically important pests of fruits and vegetables. In this study, the OBPs of B. dorsalis (BdorOBPs) were evaluated in response to different attractive protein baits, brewer's yeast volatile compounds and irradiation. The expression of 10 genes encoding OBPs in the antennae of B. dorsalis during three adult physiological life stages (pre-mating, post-mating and post-oviposition) were analysed. All selected BdorOBP genes were found to contain one conserved pheromone-binding protein/general-odorant-binding protein domain (PBP-GOBP), except OBP8, which contained two of these conserved domains. An unrooted phylogenetic tree was constructed to show the relationships among these 10 BdorOBPs and the OBPs belonging to the same OBP family in other insects. We found significantly different transcript expression profiles in each OBP gene at each stage in response to different treatments; these results revealed that OBP2 expression was significantly increased in response to baits at each adult physiological stage, while OBP2, OBP5 and OBP1 were highly expressed in response to combined-volatiles treatment at all tested physiological stages. OBP3, OBP5 and OBP10 showed high expression in response to irradiation at all tested physiological stages. Thus, we infer that protein baits, brewer's yeast volatiles and irradiation significantly influence the transcript levels of OBP genes, which may act in olfactory perception.


Experiments were performed with styrene bed material to determine the influence of bed density and particle size distribution on CFB fluidization characteristics. Comparisons between the styrene data, previous data using glass bed material, and the theoretical equations for bed pressure drop and minimum fluidization show excellent agreement between theory and experiment for all cases. Laboratory preparations are underway for experiments on particle elutriation from a CFB. In addition, preliminary data were obtained on the velocity profiles in the freeboard region of a CFB. Sample profiles are presented for one set of operating conditions. An analysis of the energy costs for a CFB coal combustor operating in a combined cycle is described. When compared to energy costs for other fossil-fired power generation systems, the results indicate the CFB system has excellent potential, particularly for peak power generation applications.


The present-day world is threatened by increasing insecurity caused by global disparities and processes of global change. While in Europe, the US, and other countries of the "North" climate change has commonly been perceived as the most problematic component of global change, developing and transition countries are affected by a multitude of environmental, political, economic, socio-cultural, and technical development problems and disparities. These occur in many different contexts, and their frequency and acuteness have greatly increased in the 20th century. The challenge for research that aims to produce knowledge relevant to prevention and mitigation of such problems and disparities is that problems do not occur independently of each other, but are closely interrelated, appearing in clusters. Such clusters of problems can be referred to as "syndromes of global change." In Switzerland, an important opportunity for funding research in this field arose in 1999. The Swiss Federal Government and Parliament, at the request of the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), introduced a new mechanism to support cutting-edge research. Fourteen National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCRs) were established, with a maximum projected funding period of 12 years. One of the few programs selected from several hundred ideas, nearly 100 pre-proposals, and 34 final full proposals, was the NCCR North–South, entitled "Research Partnerships for Mitigating Syndromes of Global Change." It is co-financed by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and SNSF (equal funding), as well as by contributions from the 7 Swiss institutions involved. The overall goal of the NCCR North–South is to enhance sustainable development through research partnerships involving institutions within Switzerland and their partners in developing and transition countries. Three long-term objectives have been defined to achieve this goal:


Background: Induction of toxicity using nitrosamines provides a reliable animal model for the study of oxidative damage to lipids, cellular membranes, proteins and DNA. In the present report, the effects of partially purified fractions of Senna occidentalis leaves on diethylnitrosamine intoxicated rats were studied.Methods: Fractions obtained from eluting the column with solvents of increasing polarity, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and distilled water were subjected to in vitro for their ability to scavenge 1, 1-dipheny l, 2-pycryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Fraction 6a eluted with ethyl acetate:ethanol (50:50) possessed the highest antioxidant activity, this fraction was therefore selected for in vivo studies. Twenty rats, each weighing between 150 to 250 g were randomly allocated into four groups of five rats each. Hepatotoxicity was induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the 200 mg/kg body weight. Treatment was carried out for 3 weeks by oral gavage as follows: group A, normal control, group B, DEN control, group C, DEN+fraction (10 mg/kg), group D, DEN+silymarin (5 mg/kg).Results: The results showed that DEN toxicity significantly (p<0.05) increased alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities and increased the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in the liver. In contrast, the levels of bilirubin, total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) decreased. However, treatment of rats with the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced the concentrations of TBARS, ALT, AST and bilirubin, but increased the concentration of TP and ALB.Conclusions: These results show hepatoprotective potentials of the fraction. Furthermore, GC-MS fingerprinting of fraction 6a revealed the presence of compounds with anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties confirming its high chance for exploration as a medicinal agent.


Huda, A. M. (2016). A Study of the Factors Influencing Innovation in Emirati Women Owned Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) (Doctoral dissertation, Huda Al Matroushi).


This paper presents a flexible wearable humidity sensor based on a cerium oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (CeO2/g-C3N4) nanocomposite, which is self-powered by a motion-driven alternator. The self-powered CeO2/g-C3N4 sensor demonstrated multifunctional application for human respiratory and skin dryness monitoring, indicating that it is a great prospect in the field of flexible and wearable electronics. The composition, morphology and structure of the CeO2/g-C3N4 compounds are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The output electrical properties of the motion-driven alternator are investigated by rotating speed and external load. The energy acquisition circuit based on electromagnetic generator is designed. The capacitance of the CeO2/g-C3N4 sensor is highly sensitive to changes in humidity. The humidity-capacitance measurement and display system is designed to be portable and compatible with a mobile smart phone and wireless communication technologies. Compared to pristine g-C3N4 or CeO2 materials, the CeO2/g-C3N4 sensor has a wider monitoring range as well as a faster and reversible response to humidity sensing at room temperature. The response value of the sensor reaches 6573 when the relative humidity (RH) increases from 0% to 97%. Compared with traditional humidity sensors, the CeO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite sensor has obvious advantages in terms of sensitivity (959.5 pF/% RH), responsiveness, stability, and recovery time. It can be applied to the detection of human physiological information.


Abstract This study contributes to innovation and diffusion models by examining phonetic changes in London English. It evaluates Sapir's notion of "drift," which involves "natural," unconscious change, in relation to these changes. Investigating parallel developments in two related varieties of English enables drift to be tested in terms of the effect of extralinguistic factors. The diphthongs of price, mouth, face, and goat in both London and New Zealand English are characterized by "Diphthong Shift," a process that continued unabated in New Zealand. A new, large data set of London speech shows Diphthong Shift reversal, providing counterevidence for drift. We discuss Diphthong Shift and its "reversal" in relation to innovation, diffusion, leveling, and supralocalization, arguing that sociolinguistic factors and dialect contact override natural Diphthong Shift. Studying dialect change in a metropolis, with its large and linguistically innovative minority ethnic population, is of the utmost importance in understanding the dynamics of change.


A field study was conducted from 2005 to 2007 with the objectives to determine the growth and development characteristics of dwarf cotton line Lu-ai No.1.The results showed that there was no significant differences in morphology at seedling stage among different cotton varieties.However,the difference became more and more obvious with growth and development progressing.Daily increasing growth amount of main stem of Lu-ai No.1 was significantly lower than that of normal varieties at every growth stages except for seedling stage.The daily increasing peak stage was the same among different varieties,but the daily growth amount of Lu-ai No.1 was lower than that of normal varieties,and the increasing amount of main stem was very small after midbloom stage.At the end of growth stage,the plant height of Lu-ai No.1 was only about half of that of normal varieties,the number of fruit branches,internodes,fruit sites per fruit branch and the length of fruit branch were obviously lower as well.There were no significant differences in internodes length under the 12th nodes of main stem,but the upper internodes length of main stem was significantly lower in Lu-ai No.1 than in normal varieties.Compared with the normal varieties,the growth duration of Lu-ai No.1 was shorter,bolling sites and time was more concentrative.


Extraction of jackup spudcan in clayey seabed is often found challenging and may lead to unfa- vorable implications if not planned properly. Despite severity of the issue, no studies have been devoted to investigate any interaction of overall factors involved in the leg extraction process. The present paper aims to offer some insight into a potential way of assessing leg extraction problem in a more comprehensive manner.


The invention discloses a correcting method for lend imaging deformation, which belongs to digital image processing field. The invention can be used in spot where needs to adjust focal distance frequently conveniently, and it can acquire a precise correcting result. The invention includes following steps: 1) image reading, and generates a group of correspondent image information; 2) assigns to the correcting parameter k1, k2,..., kn, according to the experiences or in interactive state of human and machines, the n is random natural number; 3) works out the deformation of each point in image according to the parameters, and acquires the final image; 4) modifies the correcting parameter dynamically according to the correcting result, and executes step 3), until acquires the famous result.


The Netflix TV series Blown Away demonstrates the immense strength, skill and determination needed to manipulate molten glass into any recognizable form, let alone a piece of art.


The construct of sense out of the English versions of the Chinese abstracts depends on readers' knowledge,experience and reading habit. Therefore,it is imperative that the translators have audience awareness while producing the target texts in translation. Only in this way can the sense and content conveyed by the target texts be accepted and utilized by readers in English language. Reader awareness in the translation of abstracts requires that through reading the original paper,and discussing with the writer,translators should go beyond the original Chinese texts in search of the sense and core content of the original article. It also requires that translators should follow the way the original English abstracts are written in composing the English version of the Chinese abstract,and present the originality of paper effectively to the English readers.


The prophylactic effect of 73 crude extracts is tested from 63 plant species on Blumera graminis which indicates 11 crude extracts from Arctium lappa,Xanthium sibiricu, Brassia juncea,Cassia obtusifolia, Rumex madaio,Rheum officinalis,Camellia oleifera, Syzygium aromaticum, Litsea cubeba have good effects, with the rate of over 90%.And 3 of the 11 crude extracts reveal preferable curative effect, and the rate of the extract from C.obtusifolia,R.madaio and R.officinalis are 50.2%,48.5% and 42.4%,respectively.


Objective—The availability of self-report scales that accurately identify low adherers to antihypertensive medication in real time could improve outpatient management of this disease. We evaluated the association and concordance of the new 8-item self-report Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) with pharmacy fill data in a sample of community dwelling seniors with hypertension. Study Design—Cross-sectional study Methods—Pharmacy records for antihypertensive medications were abstracted for managed care adult hypertensive patients, ≥65 years, who completed a survey that included the 8-item MMAS (n=87). Continuous single-interval medication availability (CSA), medication possession ratio (MPR), and continuous multiple-interval medication gaps (CMG) were calculated using pharmacy data. MMAS adherence was categorized as high, medium, and low (MMAS scores of 8, 6 to <8, and <6, respectively); pharmacy fill non-persistency was defined as <0.8 for CSA and MPR and >0.2 for CMG. Results—Overall, 58%, 33%, and 9% of participants had high, medium, and low medication adherence by MMAS. After adjustment for demographics and compared to high adherers on MMAS, Corresponding Author: Marie Krousel-Wood MD, MSPH Ochsner Clinic Foundation Center for Health Research 1514 Jefferson Highway New Orleans, LA 70121 Phone: 504-842-3680 FAX: 504-842-3648 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com. Take away points • Compared to pharmacy fill, the self-reported MMAS performed well in identifying patients with low adherence to antihypertensive medications. • Low adherers are likely at greatest risk for uncontrolled blood pressure and subsequent adverse outcomes and could benefit most from tailored interventions to overcome barriers to adherence. • Although pharmacy fill rates represent an objective assessment of medication adherence, they are currently impractical for real-time use in most clinical settings. • The MMAS scale is simple and economical to use in routine outpatient settings and may provide clinicians and administrators with important information to guide treatment decisions for patients with hypertension. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Am J Manag Care. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 January 1. Published in final edited form as: Am J Manag Care. 2009 January ; 15(1): 59–66. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript patients with low MMAS adherence were 6.89 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.48 – 19.1) times more likely to have non-persistent pharmacy fill rates by CSA and 5.22 (95% CI:1.88 – 14.5) times more likely to have non-persistent pharmacy fill rates by MPR. Concordance between MMAS and CSA, MPR, and CMG was ≥75%. Conclusions—The MMAS is significantly associated with anti-hypertensive pharmacy refill adherence. Although further validation of the MMAS is needed, it may be useful in identifying low medication adherers in clinical settings.


Entrained flow gasification (EFG) is an important process for generating syngas from biogenic and anthropogenic waste based feedstocks for a future circular economy. The EFG process is characterized by complex interactions between different physical and thermo-chemical sub processes which determine syngas quality and process efficiency. The understanding of these sub processes is essential for the development of validated models


To satisfy the need of blade geometry inspection and deviation analysis of aero-engine,a non-rigid registration algorithm based on deformation function is proposed.Firstly,measure data was translated based on the global registration results of measure data and CAD model.Second,through slicing the global translated measure data and CAD model and aligning the slicing data to analyze the blade blend and twist deformation law,and achieve the goal of torsion deformation correcting and increase the precision of registration.


Objective In the current study, we aimed to assess resistin mRNA levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dermatomyositis patients with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD) and their correlation with disease activity. Methods We detected resistin mRNA levels in the PBMCs of 37 DM-ILD, 8 DM patients without ILD, and 19 healthy control (HC) subjects by performing quantitative reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Associations between resistin expression levels and major clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and disease activity were also analyzed. In addition, resistin expression in lung specimens from patients with DM-ILD was examined via immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results Resistin mRNA levels in PBMCs were significantly higher in DM-ILD than that in DM patients without ILD and HCs (p = 0.043, 0.014, respectively). Among these DM-ILD patients, the resistin levels were significantly elevated in those with rapidly progressive ILD than in those with chronic ILD (p = 0.012). The resistin mRNA levels in DM-ILD positively correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.476, p = 0.003), aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.488, p = 0.002), lactate dehydrogenase (r = 0.397, p = 0.014), C-reactive protein (r = 0.423, p = 0.008), ferritin (r = 0.468, p = 0.003), carcinoembryonic antigen (r = 0.416, p = 0.011), carbohydrate antigen 125 (r = 0.332, p = 0.047), interleukin-18 (r = 0.600, p < 0.001), and lung visual analog scale values (r = 0.326, p = 0.048), but negatively correlated with the diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLco)% (r = −0.447, p = 0.041). Immunohistochemical analysis of resistin showed its elevated expression in the macrophages, alveolar epithelial cells, and weak fibrotic lesions from patients with DM-ILD. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed CD68+ macrophages co-express resistin. Conclusions Resistin levels were increased in patients with DM-ILD and associated with disease activity and ILD severity. Therefore, resistin may participate in the pathogenesis of DM-ILD and may act as a useful biomarker.


The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Phyllanthus rheedii wight P.rheedii as antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effect in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were administered P.rheedii (250 mg/kg) orally for 21 days and blood glucose level was measured weekly. At the end of 21 days, the serum lipid metabolites such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins (HDL) and protein metabolites such as total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin:globulin ratio (A:G) enzyme level viz serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined. In order to determine antioxidant activity of extract, liver tissues were homogenized in ice cold saline buffer and the assay of lipid peroxides (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were performed in control, STZ and extract treated rats. All these effects were compared with glibenclamide as a reference antidiabetic drug. Oral administration of P.rheedii for 21 days resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose level, lipid metabolism and enzymes level and significant improvement in LPO, SOD and catalase in liver tissues of STZ induced diabetic rats when compared with untreated diabetic rats. The protein metabolites were significantly altered near to normal. The effects produced by the extract were comparable to that of glibenclamide. In conclusion The P.rheedii showed significant antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidants effect in STZ induced diabetic rats.


In the structural topology optimization approaches, the Moving Morphable Component (MMC) is a new method to obtain the optimized structural topologies by optimizing shapes, sizes, and locations of components. However, the optimized structure boundary usually generates local nonsmooth areas due to incomplete connection between components. In the present paper, a topology optimization approach considering nonsmooth structural boundaries in the intersection areas of the components based on the MMC is proposed. The variability of components' shape can be obtained by constructing the topology description function (TDF) with multiple thickness and length variables. The shape of components can be modified according to the structural responses during the optimization process, and the relatively smooth structural boundaries are generated in the intersection areas of the components. To reduce the impact of the initial layout on the rate of convergence, this method is implemented in a hierarchical variable calling strategy. Compared with the original MMC method, the advantage of the proposed approach is that the smoothness of the structural boundaries can be effectively improved and the geometric modeling ability can be enhanced in a concise way. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated for topology optimization of the minimum compliance problem and compliant mechanisms.


An electronic instrumentation for heterodyne evaluation of holographic interferograms by accurate phase‐measurements is described. It allows to achieve an overall interpolation accuracy of 1/1000 of a fringe. The specifications for the electronic circuitry are derived from the conditions in the optical experiment. To improve the SNR, a narrow‐band signal‐filtering is needed; an AGC circuit has to adapt the gain in the signal channel to various experimental conditions. Special measures for reduction of phase errors due to these circuits are discussed. The phase meter with an accuracy of 0.1 deg is described in detail. It counts continuously the multiples of π's as obtained when the detectors are crossing fringes in the image plane of a reconstructed interferogram. The total measuring range for phase is given by the capacity of the up‐down counter, and thus practically unlimited.


OBJECTIVES: To describe the change in physical activity (total, leisure, household, occupational) in men over a mean 5‐year follow‐up period and to identify sociodemographic and health factors associated with change in physical activity.


The invention discloses an immune-enhanced feed for Megalobrama amblycephala and a production method for the immune-enhanced feed. The feed mainly comprises fructo-oligosaccharide, a water extract of full honeysuckle and choline in a weight ratio of (0.05-0.2):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.2). The feed ensures that the Megalobrama amblycephala has balanced nutrition, promotes the growth, can strengthen immunocompetence, catching survival rate and transportation resistance and reduce the rotting rate of fish bodies, and can be used for industrialized production, and the cost of the feed is reduced.


Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. At present, dopamine replacement therapy is the most common form of treatment but this fails to stop the continuing loss of DA neurons in the substantia nigra. One possible method of treating the underlying cause of PD involves the transplantation of embryonic ventral mesencephalic (VM) cells into the affected area of the Parkinsonian brain. However the poor survival rate of these transplanted cells greatly impairs this form of treatment. This study sets out to examine the effects of astroglia and of the dopaminotrophins, GDNF and GDF5 on the survival rate of transplanted DA neurons. Embryonic day (E) 14 VM cells were harvested from Spraque–Dawley rats and cultured in suspension for 2 days containing GDNF or GDF5 (either alone or in combination). Contemporaneously, an enriched astroglial culture was obtained by culturing E14 VM in serum-containing medium. The role of astroglia in the neurotrophic effects of GDNF and GDF5 was examined by analysing dopaminergic neuronal survival in suspension cocultures of E14 VM and enriched populations of astrocytes, containing GDNF and/or GDF5. After 2 days in suspension, the cells were plated onto four-well dishes, treated with poly-d-lysine, cultured for a further 2 days and subsequently fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. The cells were then stained immunocytochemically for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). This study will provide information regarding the combination of glial cells, GDNF and GDF5 that confer the greatest survival-promoting effects on DA neurons in vitro, which will be used to optimize transplantation experiments in the 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rat model of PD.


This article intends to analyze the film La Promesse (1996) from the awarded Dardenne brothers within the framework of Paul Ricoeur's philosophy, specially his understanding of the phenomenon of attestation, by which the personal identity is lined with a layer of security and reliability when reaches otherness through the act of promise. The film, by the mechanisms that are proper to the fiction and art, expand immensely the space of the struggle for the personal identity, as well as the proper ways of attestation of a Self.


Extensive assessments of the information requirements of the Humphrey Institute were conducted. The purposes of these assessments were to describe the current information environment of the Institute and to identify the kinds of supports that the proposed IIC could provide to facilitate the information processing activities of the Institute. © 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The achievements of fundamental science have recently become the most widespread in the field of reproductive medicine. The biology of human development has mostly become understandable and manageable, thanks to new technologies. Some stages of the early human embryogenesis are predictably reproduced in the laboratories of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Nevertheless, despite all the achievements, the success (birth of a healthy child) does not exceed 30% of the started cycles. That is why there is a continual search for new methods and their combinations to achieve better results and develop standard protocols for managing patients with infertility. The purpose of this work is to analyze the feasibility of genetic screening of embryos (NGS) and to compare the effectiveness of using donor and own oocytes when transferring a single embryo in cryocycles. We have analyzed the 536 cryocycles. There were four groups of patients with single embryo transfer (SET): group 1 - cycles with NGS, embryos with genetically euploid status taken for selection for transfer with used own oocytes (NSd, n=20); group 2 - cycles with single embryo transfer without NGS and using own oocytes (nSd, n=446); group 3 - cycles without NGS, using donor oocytes (nSD, n=8). All groups 1, 2, and 3 were near the same with an average age (34,1 - 34,3 - 34,6 years, respectively). Due to the small size of group 3, another (4th) observation group was taken (cycles without NGS, using donor oocytes, nSD, n=62), but without age restrictions, where the average age of patients was 42.3 years. Analyze of the survival rate shows significant decreasing in the group used donor cells (3 groups) than in groups (1 and 2) used own cells (84.62% vs 100%, p=0.060 and 91.96%, p<0.0001, respectively). The age difference in the groups with donor cells (3 and 4) did not significantly affect the survival rate (84.82% and 92.94%, p=0.443). We found differences in the rate of HCG(+) between groups using donor oocytes (groups 3 and 4) and own oocytes without genetic screening (group 2), where the indicator was significantly lower (62.5% and 62.98% vs 41.03%, p<0.0001 in both cases). The same significant differences in the pregnancy rate (PR) and implantation rate (IR) we found between group 2 (own oocytes without screening) and all other groups (1, 3 and 4). In the last groups, the indicators were significantly higher (PR - 35.2% against 60%, 62.5% and 58.06%, respectively, and IR - 36.36% against 60%, 62.5% and 56.45%, respectively). The results we obtained confirm the definitive role of oocyte competencies, demonstrate the absence of an adverse effect of vitrification on embryos after trophoblast biopsy, and convincingly prove the feasibility and significant positive impact of genetic screening of embryos on clinical results.


The growth rate of vetiver grass (Ve tiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (Graminales: Poaceae)), roots, and oil distribution were evaluated in an 8-month fi eld study. The amount of vetiver oil present in the root system increased with each sampling date. In December, the fi nal sampling period, mean root weight increased 520% from the previous sampling period (October). At the end of the study, root growth measured over 2 m long and 25 cm wide and weighed 0.48 kg (dry weight). In addition, a laboratory study was conducted to determine if the roots of vetiver grass when used as mulch, are effective against Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). In past studies, chemical components in the roots of this grass were shown to be effective repellents and toxicants to Formosan subterranean termites. In the present study, the 25% vetiver root mulch treatment proved to decrease tunneling activity and wood consumption and increase termite mortality. These results provide preliminary evidence that vetiver roots may have use as an additive to garden mulches against termites. Vetiver grass, Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (Graminales: Poaceae), is native to India and possesses an extensive root system benefi cial in soil and water conservation where erosion is problematic (Chomchalow, 2001; National Research Council, 1993). The fast growing root system of this plant contains es- sential oils, natural compounds found in many different plants (Zhu et al., 2001b). Presently, vetiver grass is grown in-ground and because of the extensive root growth, it is extremely diffi cult to harvest effi ciently. Plants produce many natural compounds that are repellent or act to alter feeding behavior, growth, and development of insects (Duke, 1990). Chemical components of vetiver root are also very important because they possess fungicidal, herbicidal, and insecticidal prop-


The results of an experimental study of the flow and mixing mechanisms during extrusion of styrene-butadiene and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber compounds are presented. The processes have been visualised by feeding the extruder with two coloured compounds. After vulcanisation, the screw was extracted and the rubber ribbon examined, both lengthwise and by cross-sectioning. A novel mixing mechanism was found for the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber compound in which a layer by layer deposition occurs at the leading flight edge in the screw channe.


The as-cast intermetallic primary particles and their evolution during preheat treatment in a commercial DC-cast AA5182 alloy have been studied. The dominant iron-bearing primary particles in the as-cast alloy have been identified to be Alm(Fe,Mn) and Al3(Fe, Mn) instead of Al3(Fe, Mn) and Al6(Fe,Mn).The amount of each type of iron bearing particles varies with local cooling rate over the cross section of the ingot. A eutectoid phase transformation from Alm(Fe,Mn) to Al3(Fe, Mn) and Al during preheat treatment has been observed by TEM and FEG-SEM. The influence of heating temperature and homogenization time on the phase transformation has also been studied.


To study the effects of short (6 months) and longer‐term (up to 24 months) growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy using a dose titration regimen, on lipid and glucose metabolism in GH‐deficient, hypopituitary adults.


This study uses ethnographic methods to examine how an agonistic form occurring in a community of adult learners in Finland constitutes a scene for dramatic depictions of communication. The terms puhuminen [speaking] and aikeneminen [silence] are examined as a situated antithesis. The data present two competing ways of communicating in scenes of adult education: an exigency of subject matter talk, governed by a silent listener orientation juxtaposed with a desire for more expressive ways of speaking, communicating openness and individual meaning. Through an analysis of the ongoing dramas in civic contexts in Finland, I show what models for communication are contested and how these inform interpretations of change to the larger strategic communication culture.


Climate abnormalities have always happened in recent years.More attention has been paid to wheat yield reduction due to low temperature.This article reviews the effects of cold injury on the morphological characteristics changing in wheat leaves,tillers,stems and ears,and analyzes physiological and biochemical changes in wheat and the reasons for death due to cold resistance.Meanwhile,the regulation measures are also summarized to minimize cold damage,which serve as the theoretical basis for future researches in stress physiology of low temperature injury and stress-resistance cultivation.


The collaboration of researchers in different fields, institutions, and nations continues to be important as new ideas and solutions result from the combination of different knowledge and experiences. The Cambridge MIT Institute (CMI) Online Project Assessment System(OPAS) aims to collect information from projects funded by CNII and analyze the effects of geographic distance, project structure, and communication on performance. This thesis will discuss the development of the online data collection system as well as its maintainance and ongoing improvement. Thesis Supervisor: Jonathon Cummings Title: Assistant Professor


As the use of technologies has a major impact in the development of all fields of activity, the demands for new and up to date curricula for high education raise more and more often in order to keep up with society development. This happens especially for disciplines related to computer sciences where the curricula have to be changed almost completely once a few years. This paper defines the educational content and presents the stages of content creation and the situations that trigger the content development. As curricula have to be changed so often, the paper emphasizes the importance of using educational objects as a better way to recreate and adapt the content and exemplifies the use of such objects on a platform dedicated to students in the first year of the Faculty of Business Administration.


The paper reviews the process of transformation, evolution happened in different periods, the system of international relations from historical and political views. Particular attention is paid to the analysis and identification of the Westphalia, the Vienna, the Versailles-Washington, the Yalta-Potsdam systems features. The new aspect of the research distinguishes the Belovezhsk system of international relations started in 1991 and its characteristics. The author also makes conclusion about the development of a new system of international relations at the present stage on the basis of ideas, proposals, values expressed by the President of Russian Federation V.V. Putin at the plenary session of the International Discussion Club "Valdai" in Sochi, October 24, 2014. The paper draws a conclusion that today the controversial process of transformation of the unipolar world has changed into a new multipolar system of international relations.


23 Determining subducted processes is very important for understanding lithological 24 heterogeneity because substantial quantities of slabs are recycled into the mantle. Molybdenum 25 isotopes have been used to distinguish sources materials because of the significant Mo isotopic 26 differences between the crust and the mantle. Here, we undertake a systematic Mo isotopic 27 investigation on a suite of well-characterized continental basalts from Keluo and Halaha-28 Chaoer, located in Northeast China. δ 98 Mo of Keluo varied from -0.41 to -0.23‰ with an 29 average of -0.34‰, and samples from Halaha-Chaoer ranged in δ 98 Mo from -0.18 to -0.12‰ 30 with an average of -0.15‰. The former is lighter than the mean value of fresh oceanic basalts 31 (-0.21‰), while the latter is similar to oceanic basalts. Combined with other geochemical 32 indications (LOI, Ce/Pb, La/Yb and so on), the Mo isotopic variations cannot be interrupted by 33 chemical weathering, continental crust contamination, or magmatic processes. The δ 98 Mo 34 variation in this study is explained by adding various oceanic crustal materials in magma 35 sources. The relationships of δ 98 Mo with Ba/Th, Th/U, 143 Nd/ 144 Nd for the samples indicated 36 that sediment and altered oceanic crust have contributed to the significant variations in these 37 samples. This study indicates the great potential of Mo isotopes to distinguish different types 38 of recycled oceanic crust materials in the mantle. 39


In 1839 Matija Mažuranic (1817-1881), a twenty-two-year-old Croat from Novi (Vinodolski), embarked on a journey from his country, which was then a part of the Habsburg Empire, to the Ottoman province of Bosnia. In order to understand what motivated young Mažuranic to embark on his journey, a few words should be said about his background and the political trends in Croatia at the time. The European traveller looks condescendingly upon the inhabitants of the Eastern country. He lightly ascribes to them all kinds of negative attributes: they are lazy, superstitious, dirty, and ignorant. Mažuranic frequently tells stories of dangers that threaten foreigners in Bosnia, thus presenting his readers with the impression of a life of utmost insecurity, and of an omnipresent, blind violence which does not choose its victims. Keywords: Habsburg empire; Matija Mažuranic; Ottoman Bosnia


Mancozeb and methomyl are active ingredients commonly contained in pesticides applied in shallot farming. Surface runoff can carry pesticide residues that enter water bodies and affect non-target organisms, such as Daphnia magna. This study evaluated the genotoxicity effects of individual and combined mancozeb and methomyl on the DNA damage of D. magna. Organisms at 24 h old and 48 h old were exposed to individual and combined concentrations of mancozeb and methomyl for 24 h to obtain the LC50-24 h values. These values were used to evaluate DNA damage by calculating the tail intensity (TI) (%), tail moment (TM), and tail factor (TF). Results showed that based on the LC50-24 h values, methomyl has the highest toxicity level, followed by the mancozeb:methomyl combination, and then mancozeb. The combination index of mancozeb:methomyl for both D. magna ages (24 h and 48 h) indicated that the two pesticides antagonistically interact (CI>1). However, based on TI%, TM, and TF values, the level of damage was almost the same between the individual and combined pesticide concentrations, and the DNA damage was more massive with increased pesticide concentration. The DNA damage of 24 h old and 48 h old D. magna did not significantly differ. Increased DNA damage in D. magna indicated that this parameter was sensitive to the presence of pesticides. In application, DNA damage can be used as a biomarker for biomonitoring pesticide pollution in the aquatic ecosystem.


Abstract Water holding capacities of fly ashes from different thermal power plants in Eastern India have been compared. Moreover, the effect of size fractionation (sieving) on the water holding capacities has also been determined. The desorption rate of water held by the fly ash fractions at ambient temperature (25–30°C) has been investigated. The effect of mixing various size fractions of fly ash in increasing the water holding capacities of fly ash has been studied. It is observed that the fly ash obtained from a thermal power plant working on stoker-fired combustor has the highest water holding capacity, followed by the one that works on pulverized fuel combustor. Fly ash collected from super thermal power plant has the least water holding capacity (40.7%). The coarser size fractions of fly ashes in general have higher water holding capacities than the finer ones. An attempt has been made to correlate the results obtained, with the potential use in agriculture.


PurposeThis study aims to explore the evolutionary trajectories of technological innovation using 1,361 documents to determine the most cited documents, influential authors, prominent journals and leading countries in the field of technological innovation research.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the intellectual structure of technological innovation literature was studied using bibliometric co-occurrence and co-citation analyses. The authors focused on the 1,361 documents in this research stream published between 1961 and 2019.FindingsThe findings show that researchers do not appropriately draw on theoretical perspectives external to the field to study different dimensions of technological innovation. This study reveals six distinct areas within the literature: sources of innovation, environmental innovation and technological innovation, investment, economic growth of countries, technological innovation systems for sustainable development, innovation system, research and development and competitiveness.Originality/valueThis study investigates the foundations of the conception, themes and research communities within the technological innovation domain. This paper found strong evidence that technological innovation is one of the keys to the research area in innovation studies.


ABSTRACT Objective:Objective: To develop a reflection on the use of psychotropic drugs by users accompanied by the Family Health Strategy, as well as the insertion and performance of nurses in this context. Method:Method: Reflective study, based on scientific studies related to the theme and the theoretical perspective of Michel Foucault. Results:Results: The biological reductionism of the medical model centered on symptoms favors the transformation of social problems into individual conflicts and the exposure of citizens to the adverse effects of excessive and often inadequate treatments. Changes in culture, by determining transformations in the understanding of subjectivity and in the relationships between normal and pathological, favor more people to see themselves as sick. Conclusion:Conclusion: There has been a considerable growth in the use of psychotropics in Brazil and in the world, as a result of social medication, the influence of the media and the need to dissipate human deficits and suffering.


Nami-Ko, also called The Cuckoo (不如帰, Hototogisu), is a tragic story of love and devotion, through sickness, war, oppression, and vengeance. Eighteen-year-old Nami Kataoka hoped her marriage to Baron Takeo Kawashima would bring freedom from her overbearing stepmother. But the couple's happiness is spoiled by her illness, her mother-in-law's jealousy, and the schemes of Chijiwa, her husband's cousin and her own disappointed suitor. Takeo's naval career takes him away for long periods, and when war breaks out between Japan and China (in 1894), his mother takes advantage of his absence to break up the marriage, sending Nami back to her father, the General Kataoka. Despite his love for Nami, Takeo— who is fearless and resolute in facing Chinese naval bombardment—is hesitant and seemingly helpless in the face of his mother's interference. More than a love story, the novel is a reflection on the systemic oppression of women—even among the wealthy classes—as well as the contrast between traditional samurai values and the emergent commercial interests, and, moreover, the awakening of Japanese nationalism as expressed through military expansion.