A student perceptions measure of college and university classroom learning environment was developed to reflect the dynamic interplay among contextual variables and accommodates theoretical and practical applications in light of logistical concerns found in such complicated educational settings as a medical school. The 18-item Teaching and Learning Environment Questionnaire (TLEQ) was developed using elements of effective teaching and learning processes documented in the professional literature. The sample included all second year medical students in a medical school in 2 years, for a total of 296 participants (345 usable questionnaires). The TLEQ was administered in pharmacology and pathology courses in five instructional settings, including problem-based learning and computer-assisted learning, using one of four data collection formats. Results suggest that the TLEQ is a flexible and easy-to-administer measure of students' personal perceptions of classroom learning environments that has the potential to contribute substantially to faculty and instructional development efforts in medical schools specifically and in other professional schools in general. The TLEQ reflects marker variables for two distinct factors that clearly define the nature of effective postsecondary classroom learning environments. One represents teaching and learning context and the other represents learner involvement. (Contains 3 tables and 28 references.) (SLD) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** 01 CO 00 CO CNI O 2 A paper presentation at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, California April 1998 AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS TO ESTABLISH THE CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF THE TEACHING AND LEARNING ENVIRONMENT QUESTIONNAIRE (TLEQ) Sheila W. Chauvin & Bruce E. Bowdish Tulane University School of Medicine U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDU ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1


Main aspects of corrosion:
•Decrease in the net cross-sectional area
•Volumetric expansion of the oxide
•Cracking of the concrete cover and spalling
Objetive:
•To predict the mechanical effects of the oxide over the concrete


Spatial information technology in hazardous waste management was introduced,and designing of hazardous waste management information system based on GIS was described.The system which integrates hazardous waste managing with computer as well as GIS provides a reliable,scientific and convenient management and decision-making supported system for urban hazardous waste includes data input,data query,database management and maintenance,database of modal and decision-making supported sub-system.The system is helpful for efficient management of hazardous waste and urban environmental protection.


A universal model for calculation of gland seal system has been deduced using matrix method.During analysis with the universal model,gland seal leakage was considered from both the steam supply and steam return line,i.e.the auxiliary steam was classified according to specific flow lines,and one calculation model corresponded with a specific thermodynamic system.Application results prove this kind of analysis to be simple,clear and universal,especially suitable for computer programming.


This paper presents the results of scientific examinations carried out on an Egyptian bronze statue discovered buried in Sais. Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to understand the corrosive morphological characteristics of the patina, to investigate the corrosion products, analyze the elementary composition of the statue and to identify the corrosive factors with effects on the alteration processes. The results indicated that the statue was made of bronze alloy, with copper as the main element, besides lead and tin. Three layers of alteration products with various composition and morphology covered the substrate of the bronze alloy. XRD results indicated that the statue was subjected to many corrosive ions such as sulfur and chloride, and buried in wet soil, rich in oxygen and carbon. This study provides useful information for the restoration and protection of the statue.


In this paper, we introduce the concept of sum and direct sum of vague ideals of gamma near-ring and also discuss some related properties of vague ideals of gamma near-ring.


We are grateful to Taylor et al. for their comments on our results to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) expression in sequential biopsies of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients with progressive disease under anti-PD1 treatment. Furthermore, we appreciate sharing their results to PD1and PD ligand 1 (PDL1) expression in biopsies of a case series of cHL patients with relapse post conventional chemotherapy. In their case series, Taylor et al. found no evidence of a shift in PD1 or PDL1 expression at relapse after chemotherapy in paired lymph node biopsies. These results are in line with the analyses of Schnitter et al. who examined PD1 expression in 16 and PDL1 expression in 13 paired biopsies at initial diagnosis and after first-line chemotherapy (Schnitter et al., manuscript in preparation). Both analyses thus support our hypothesis that the increase of PD1 T cells in Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cell (HRSC) vicinity is associated with anti-PD1 treatment and is not a general feature of relapsing disease. In 4 of 9 analyzed patients (patient 2, 7, 8 and 9) with progressive disease of cHL, under anti-PD1 treatment, we could document a notable increase of PD1 T cells in HRSC vicinity. Additional analyses are required to further characterize the described PD1 T cells in HRSC vicinity. As already discussed by Taylor et al., PD1 expression is a widespread marker of T-cell activation, but might also indicate the presence of follicular helper T cells as well as the development of exhausted, hyperactivated T cells as possible mechanism of resistance to anti-PD1 treatment. Appropriate T-cell activation as the reason for documented increase of PD1 T cells seems rather unlikely since all most recent biopsies were taken in relapse on anti-PD1 treatment. The latter hypothesis is supported by the observation that in 2 patients with progressive disease under anti-PD1 treatment and documented increase of PD1 positive T cells (patients 7 and 8), a disease stabilization could be achieved by doubling the dose of the anti-PD1 antibody. However, as already mentioned by Taylor et al., the interpretation of our results in patient 8 is even more complicated since the histology of the most current relapse changed to a lymphocyte-rich (LR) subtype of cHL, and LR cHL in fact differs from other subtypes of cHL in respect to PD1-positive cells within the tumor specimen. A direct contact (rosette) of HRSC to PD1 strongly positive T cells has been described as a characteristic feature of nodular lymphocyte predominant HL (nLPHL) and of LR cHL. The diagnosis of nLPHL could be excluded in the most current tumor biopsy of patient 8 as well as in the subsequent case series. Taylor et al. reported a significantly higher PD1 expression in their LR cHL cases compared to nodular sclerosis or mixed cellularity cHL cases. In order to further evaluate rosetting of HRSC by PD1 positive T cells as well as PD1 and PDL1 expression in LR cHL, we have analyzed 10 specimens of LR cHL obtained at diagnosis before any treatment by immunohistochemistry as previously described and by fluorescence multistaining. Furthermore, we analyzed the PDL1 gene copy number by fluorescence in situ hybridization (Zytovision, Bremerhaven, Germany). As shown in table 1 and illustrated in figure 1, the majority of these LR cHL cases show rosetting PD1-positive T cells. HRSC lack PD-L1 expression and copy number alterations. These findings confirm the observation by Taylor et al. In contrast to the results of Roemer et al. in 2016, even in cases with detectable PDL1 polysomy or copy gain, no relevant PDL1 expression could be detected. More analyses are required to understand whether inverse correlation of PD-L1 on HRSC and PD1 on rosetting T cells is a feature restricted to the LR variant of cHL. However, the documented lack of PDL1 expression on HRSC in this case series of LR cHL and in the analyses of Sakakibara et al. in 2018 stands in marked contrast to our observation that in patient 8 of our case series, 90% of HRSC of the most current tumor biopsy showed a strong PDL1 expression. This case of LR cHL might therefore be regarded as an atypical variant of this subtype which may have developed from mixed cellularity or nodular sclerosis subtype under the influence of immunomodulatory treatment. We are aware of the limitations of our analysis, including the mentioned predominantly descriptive nature of our results, a limited analysis of markers due to scarcity of tissue in relapse, cross-tissue comparison and a heterogenous patient cohort. Taylor et al. listed the comparison of PD1/PDL1 expression across different cHL histological subtypes as an additional limitation of our analysis; we agree that assessment of possible dynamics in


India produces around 3000 million tones of organic waste annually. This huge volume of waste(s) comes from agriculture, urban and industrial sources and also from domestic activities. Utilization of this waste material for productivity process is important for both economical and environmental reasons. In the present study an effort has been made to asses the efficacy of E. foetida (red tiger worm) in utilizing the kitchen waste material, to analyze the waste decomposition process assessed with earthworm activity. This chosen substrate was mixed with cow dung in the ratio of 4:1 (w/w) to initiate the waste conversion process into a useful product. Physical and biochemical activity, occurring during the 75 days of vermicomposting period were analyzed. During this process pH, organic carbon, organic matter and C:N ratio revealed negative trend, however total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium content expressed positive trend of increment with vercomposting period. 15 days precomposting of substrate (kitchen waste + cow dung ) and subsequent vermicomposting upto 75 days, clearly indicate the potential of earthworm biotechnology in reduction of biomass of the waste, addition of the nutrient pool (nutrient enrichment) and more availability of animal protein in the form of earthworm number and biomass.


The performance of extensive serologic testing of patients who present to a primary care physician or to a hospital emergency department with possible acute viral hepatitis is not cost-effective (table). A selective serologic investigation is the most prudent approach to the diagnostic workup of this disease. We review two cases of patients with possible acute viral hepatitis to demonstrate the extra cost resulting from extensive serologic testing. In the following discussion, we review the epidemiologic features, demographics, and risk factors for the disease. We also propose a schematic, cost-effective approach to investigate whether acute viral hepatitis is present. The recommendations in this article were formulated after reviewing epidemiologic data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.1 A MEDLINE search was also conducted, and recent articles on this topic were reviewed.

Table

Charges for serologic and virologic tests used in the diagnosis of viral hepatitis


Danny Boyle declined to mine it in his opening ceremony at the London Olympics - and you can't really blame him - but we who know and love British culture should never forget the subterranean seam that runs from Philip Larkin's 'Mr Bleaney' to Francis Bacon's heroically ignoble figures sitting under bare light bulbs - desperate, thwarted and outrageously misused.


Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a tumor arising from epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx, is a rare malignancy worldwide but is prevalent in certain geographical areas, such as Southern Asia (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Southern China) and North Africa. Despite advances in diagnostic techniques and improvements in treatment modalities, the prognosis of NPC remains poor. Therefore, an effective chemotherapy regimen that enhances tumor sensitivity to chemotherapeutics is urgently required. Nimbolide, derived from Azadirachta indica, has a wide range of beneficial effects, including anti‐inflammatory and anticancer properties. The present study evaluated the antitumor activity of nimbolide in NPC cells and its underlying mechanisms. Our results revealed that the treatment of HONE‐1 cells with nimbolide potently inhibited cell viability. Moreover, nimbolide led to cell cycle arrest, which subsequently activated caspase‐3, −8, and −9 and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase to induce cell apoptosis. Moreover, nimbolide induced Bik, Bax, and t‐Bid expression in HONE‐1 cells. The results indicated that nimbolide induces apoptosis through the modulation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways. Nimbolide induces apoptosis in human NPC cells and is a potential chemopreventive agent against NPC proliferation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 2085–2092, 2017.


Since 1992 the number of public relations and communication university degree courses has more than tripled in Italy, reaching a total of 300 over the last ten years (Invernizzi, 2006). This trend, while meeting a growing demand from the professional market, does not answer to the expected quality requirements. In 2005, the Italian public relations associations, Ferpi and Assorel decided to stimulate a quality improvement in Italian public relations and communication degree courses by starting an accreditation programme. This programme was based on an assessment model aimed at measuring the professionalism of each degree. The model was created by a joint effort of professional and academic representatives to set reliable measurement standards to appraise the knowledge-in-action value of degrees (Cornelissen, 2008). Since specialized education grounded in theory as well as in practice is a hallmark of professionalism (Wright, VanSlike Turk, 2008), the evaluation model was created balancing the two aspects. The aim of this paper is to present an accreditation model for educational contents of communication and public relations degree courses in Italy. In particular this model is the result of the conjoint reflection between the academic and the professional world over the educational requirements to prepare graduate students qualified to enter the profession. The first part of the paper analyzes the concept of quality in higher education (HE) and the implications for its measurement (1.1). Moreover most of the evaluation models are reviewed, with a specific focus on the concept of quality they reflect (1.2). The second part of the paper, after exploring the ongoing debate on public relations and communication education (2.1), provides the three principles followed for the development of the accreditation model for the communication and public relations degree courses by the main Italian professional associations (2.2). The main steps of the accreditation process and the first results of the analysis are then discussed.


It is shown, that multifractal complex-temperature singularities can play a significant role in the critical strange sets multifractality. These singularities lead to a finite radius of convergence of the real high-temperature expansions and, therefore, to necessity to use a finite-temperature expansions (an analytic continuation). It is shown, using analytic results on multifractality of strange attractors of the baker map and results of numerical computations of the multifractal spectra on all critical points of phase transitions from period-η-tupling to chaos in 1D iterative system (Chinese Phys. Lett.3, 285 (1986) and J. Phys.A25, 589 (1992)) as well as results of a recent numerical simulation of a quantum system with multifractal spectrum (J. Phys.A28, 2717 (1995)), that the finite-temperature expansions give good approximation for the generalized dimensions Dq in a representative interval of q.


The UK Parliament in recent decades has seen significant structural and behavioural changes that have rendered it more effective in carrying out its core functions than at any time in modern political history. These changes have not impacted greatly on public perceptions of Parliament and its members. Parliament and parliamentarians have been the source of declining satisfaction. The public have been more influenced by their perceptions of parliamentarians' behaviour than a results-based performance. Parliamentarians have not recognised the source of the dissatisfaction and have no clear institutional mechanism for responding to it. There is no one authoritative figure who can speak for Parliament. To combat public perceptions requires a proactive and collective response on the part of members of both Houses.


Intraocular metastatic carcinoma is rare clinically.In this paper,through the analysis of a lung cancer patient with early symptom of iritis,we look forward to provide evidence for clinical treatment,so that we can avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,and ultimately improve patients′ life.


Thank you very much for reading semantics of natural language. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen readings like this semantics of natural language, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer. semantics of natural language is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the semantics of natural language is universally compatible with any devices to read.


A new species Compsorhipis longicornis of the genus Compsorhipis Saussure (Orthoptera, Acrididae Oedipodinae) is described from China. A key to known species of the genus is given.


We have previously developed a statistical theory, based on a normal mode representation of the acoustic pressure field, which describes the multiple‐scatter effects of internal wave fluctuations [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 63, 353 (1978)]. This theory has been extended to include quasistatic time‐dependent effects as are needed to predict the temporal coherence and power spectra of cw acoustic signals. In terms of the random normal mode amplitudes an(r,t), we have derived a generalized master equation for the second‐order statistics 〈an(r,t)an*(r, t + τ)〉. We then form 〈p(r,z,t)p*(r, z, t + τ)〉 by incoherently summing modes, and Fourier transform with respect to τ to obtain acoustic power spectra as functions of range and depth. We find that in the saturation (equipartition) regime, the rms bandwidth continues to increase proportional to √r. Numerical examples of power spectra will be presented. [Work supported by ONR.]


The Chancelloriids were recovered from dark grey thin-bedded micrites and bioclastic micrites of the upper Middle Cambrian Huaqiao Formation at the Paibi section in Huayuan County,Hunan Province,China.About 40 samples with diverse sclerites have been identified,including Chancelloria altaica with 6-7+1 ray patterns,Archiasterlla sp.with 4+0 ray patterns and Allonnia sp.with 3+0 ray patterns as well as Chancelloria sp.with peculiar sclerite patterns.In addition to chancelloriids,these chancelloriid-bearing rocks,yield abundant and diverse trilobites,conodonts,hyolithids,hyolithellids,brachiopods,sponge spicules and ornamented tubular fossils.Compared with the materials reported from the Cambrian of Australia,Northwestern Canada,Western Argentina,West Africa and Iran etc.,it is indicated that the Hunan assemblage is the latest records of Middle Cambrian chancelloriids in China and is one of a few higher horizons of occurrence of chancelloriids recovered in the world.Based on analysis of sclerite structure,preservation and the stratigraphic distributions of chancelloriids,the authors support the opinion that the chancelloriid may belong to a group of extinct metazoans which is closer to Porifera,in the systematic phylogenetic position.It probably represents a sessile animal which adapted to shallow sea environments.


Blind signature allows a requester to obtain signature from a signer on any document in such a way that, the authority learns nothing about the message that is being signed. Due to the blindness and untraceability properties of Blind Signature Scheme, it can be used in cryptographic applications such as web based e-voting, digital cash etc. In this paper, a novel blind signature scheme based on Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem has been proposed. The model has been explained using a customer-and-bank example and the proof of correctness has been made.


The invention discloses a delaying coking non-silicon defoaming agent with multiple active components and a preparation method thereof, and the defoaming agent is formed by compounding 30-50 parts by weight of polyether or modified polyether polymer, 25-35 parts by weight of high-carbon alcohol mixture, 10-15 parts by weight of high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester or fatty acyl amide and 15-20 parts by weight of alkymer. The preparation method of the defoaming agent comprises the following steps: adding the polyether or the modified polyether polymer, the high-carbon alcohol mixture, the high-carbon alcohol fatty acid ester or the fatty acyl amide and the alkymer into a reaction kettle according to the proportion, stirring, slowly increasing the temperature to 50-100 DEG C, carrying out reaction for 1-2h, finally stopping stirring, cooling, filtering for removing solid impurities and finally preparing the delaying coking non-silicon defoaming agent. The defoaming agent can effectively suppress and eliminate the formation of bubbles in a delayed coking reaction tower, improve the treatment capacity of the reaction tower, prolong the coking time of coke and prevent clogging phenomenon.


Nucleophilic addition of trimethylsilyl esters of hypophosphorus acid to trimethylsilyl ester and diethylamide of vinylsulfonic acid is proposed as convenient methods for the synthesis of new 2-sulfonylethylphosphonites and their derivatives under mild conditions. Also the new functionalized derivatives of these phosphonites, including aminomethyl fragments as well as certain properties of these compounds as important precursors of new organophosphorus-substituted derivatives of ethanesulfonic acid, are presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:470–473, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20448


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a mixed method study of social capital development and use, based on an intervention which provided women from refugee backgrounds with social capital development skills and tools.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 111 Afghan, Burmese and Sudanese women living in Melbourne, Australia, received peer-support training and a free unlimited fixed-dial mobile phone for one year.

Findings
Interview and call log data suggest that the training sessions and mobile phones played important roles in bonding social capital development, resulting in a complex support network among participants. To a lesser extent, there was also evidence of bridging social capital creation. By providing linkages to government institutions through an interpreter service, the mobile phones gave participants easy access to linking social capital, in their heritage language.

Originality/value
The program supplements existing community resources with mobile phone technology to create social capital rich networks within these disadvantaged communities, and the authors describe the community characteristics that make participants amenable to such an intervention.


This article monitors news coverage on the European Union and EU-related matters in terms of news frames and news discourses adopted in online versions of seven quality newspapers (six European and one American) over a period of four months (December 2001-March 2002). During this period the EU Council Summit was held in Laeken, Belgium, on 14 and 15 December 2001. The selection of the national quality press outlets is carried out on the basis of a general, significant readership and centrality to the current media debate on European issues in the country. The seven countries are interesting cases in terms of their varying role in the history of European integration as well as their current attitude towards the EU. The research literature identifies five recurrent news frames (conflict, human interest, economic consequences, morality and responsibility): this article assesses the relative visibility of each of these news frames in the coverage on the EU and its institutions in the news outlets under study. Furthermore, it asks which discourse is more dominant when it comes to the shaping of European identity as portrayed in the news reporting. Four types of discourse (culture, expansion, in- and exclusion and power) are examined.


The present invention discloses a heat-resistant composition for a low dielectric loss, characterized in that: by weight, from 40 to 99.9% by cyanate and 0.1 to 60% of barium titanate, barium titanate particle size between 600 mesh to 150 mesh; the preparation method, the mixed cyanate and barium titanate, 100 after melting deg.] C, heated to 130 ~ 160 ℃ pre-cured to a barium titanate no significant settling. The present invention may be by changing the content of barium titanate in the composition, physical properties and chemical composition of the post-treatment process to achieve a dielectric constant of the composition is adjustable in the range of 2 to 16; a preparation method is simple, low cost raw materials easy to get and so on.


In a previous series of IEEE Aerospace Conference Papers, specific technical characteristics of a Robust Laser Interferometer (RLI) were presented, with emphasis on applicability for aviation Prognostic Health Monitoring . It was demonstrated that acoustic emissions (AE) in broadband vibrations are observable in detail, and that processing tools such as envelope processing of the high frequency (hundreds of kilohertz) broadband RLI measurements exhibits substantial potential for component and system health monitoring. Functional interests that range beyond mechanical system health, such as electrical wiring health monitoring, were presented along with system implementation choices. Physical system implementation choices presented ranged from a fiber-optic routed RLI through 'Point-and-Shoot' configurations. Multi-functional integrated health monitoring choices were also introduced. Most significantly, the measurement performance capability over a frequency range from 0 Hertz through hundreds of kilohertz was presented in detail. Realizing that one concern associated with robust high volume data systems relates to the "information extraction", opportunities for RLI-based Prognostic Health Monitoring are examined from four 'information sensitive' opportunity viewpoints. These include: (i) "artifact free" wideband spectrum data; (ii) use of "system basis" for PHM design; (iii) user friendliness; and (iv) application of the "logic of science". It is postulated that when considered together, such information opportunities can provide a basis for a quantum upgrade of PHM system capabilities.


4,059,060 1 1/1977 Gambs ................................ 110/106 4.332,207 6/1982 Blaskowski et al. ................ 110/106 4,349.33l 9/1982 Floter .................................. 110/06 4.387,654 6/1983 Binasik et al. ....................... O/106 4,419.94l 12/1983 Santalla ............................... 10/106 4,707.350 1 1/1987 Bandeduin et al. ................ 34/57 A 4,716,856 1/1988 Beisswenger et al. .............. 10/245 Primary Examiner-Henry C. Yuen Attorney, Agent, or Firm-David J. Gould (57) ABSTRACT The invention provides an improved method and appa ratus for feeding solids to a fluidized bed reactor. A back pressure control valve regulates the pressure drop between the pressure above a solids column in a stand pipe and the pressure in the reactor. Solids are fed from the standpipe via a conduit without valve means, the conduit contains a bend of an angle greater than the angle of repose of the solids.


1. Pre‐eclampsia is a human disease of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria and end‐organ damage, if severe. Pre‐eclampsia is thought to be related to changes in early placental development, with the formation of a shallower than normal placental bed.


It will be clear, especially from my previous article "Classificatory calculus and ordering relations in phonology", that in the formal descriptive methodology I am trying to develop the notion "syllable" plays a vital part. In accordance with that methodology I have established the notion "syllable" as a model which more or less applies to a phonetic phenomenon of the same name (which phenomenon, incidentally, can be described as a function of ballistic movements in the sound continuum). In agreement with that methodology the syllable can be defined as A SIMULTANEOUS BUNDLE OF POSITIONS WHICH IS A SUBSET OF A SIMULTANEOUS BUNDLE OF POSITIONS CALLED A DISTRIBUTIONAL UNIT, WHICH SUBSET CONTAINS AN EXPLOSIVE, A NUCLEAR, AND AN IMPLOSIVE POSITION OR POSITIONGROUP. For some languages it can be expedient to establish in addition a PRE-EXPLOSIVE and/or a POST-IMPLOSIVE position or position-group in order to include also such forms as English /sTanz/ "stands" (which phonetically speaking consists of three syllables; intuitively, however, the phonemes /s/ and /z/ belong to the group, not unlike foothills belonging to a mountain). It is possible that in some languages the syllable will turn out to contain


Utilization of blind signal separation method for the enhancement of speech recognition accuracy under multi-speaker is discussed. The separation method is based upon the ICA (Independent Component Analysis) and has very few assumptions on the mixing process of speech signals. The recognition experiments are performed under various conditions concerned with (1) acoustic environment, (2) interfering speakers and (3) recognition systems. The obtained results under those conditions are summarized as follows.(1) The separation method can improve recognition accuracy more than 20% when the SNR of interfering signal is 0 to6dB, in a soundproof room. In a reverberant room, however, the improvement of the performance is degraded to about 10%.(2) In general, the recognition accuracy deteriorated more as the number of interfering speakers increased and the more improvement by the separation is obtained.(3) There is no significant difference between DTW isolated word discrimination and HMM continuous speech recognition results except for the fact that saturation in improvement is observed in high SNR condition in HMM CSR.


Crude sap, which was extracted from six Amaranthaceae plants, inhibited local lesion formation on Nicotiana glutinosa by tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) infection. Especially the remark. able inhibitory effect to TMV infection was shown on leaves of N. glutinosa precoated with the sap from Amaranthus mangostanus. The inhibitory activity of the sap from A. mangostanus was stable to storage in vitro for I day and to dilution 1/4 of the sap with distilled water. However, its activity was lost when the sap was heated at for 10 minutes. When the leaves of N. glutinosa precoated with the sap were sprayed with water, the inhibitory effect to TMV infection was maintained for 2 days. The A. mangostanus sap readjusted pH 3, pH 5, or pH 9 with 1 N HCl or 1 N NaOH did not decline the inhibitory action but the sap absorbed with charcoal completely lost their action. The protein components purified from A. mangostanus sap revealed three major bands by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the top component of which showed the inhibitory action to TMV infection.


Faizin STAI Bumi Silampari Lubuklinggau email@example.com Abstrak Article History Received :20 November 2019 Revised :02 Desember 2019 Accepted: 15 Desember 2019 Islamic education is one of the most importances pilar of character education. Character education will build well, if it is started from cultivating religious sense of students, therefore, PAI lesson become one of supporting lesson of character education. Through PAI teaching and learning, the students is taught belief of God as the basic of their religion, taught al Qur'an and Hadits as their way of life, taught fiqih as law signs in doing Islam teaching, taught Islam history as a good life example, and taught ethica as the way of human character.


The insecticidal properties of water-extract of Peumus boldus Molina
and its effect on the development cycle and feeding habits of
Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith and Helicoverpa zea Boddie were
evaluated under laboratory conditions in concentrations of 0.25, 0.5,
1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0% (w/w). Spodoptera frugiperda was the most
susceptible with 75% mortality at 7 d at 8% P. boldus concentration,
while H. zea had only 30% mortality. LC50 was 2.31 mL kg-1 for S.
frugiperda and 16.05 mL kg-1 for H. zea. When the extract concentration
increased in the diet, larval size and weight, percentage of pupation
and number of adults decreased, and the time required to reach those
states was greater. Neonate larvae fed primarily on the diet with the
lower extract concentration and the control was preferred by more than
50% of larvae. Inhibition of feeding, growth, weight gain of 3rd instar
larvae as well as new biomass production decreased with concentration
of the extract.


The present research was conducted to find out the changes in phytic acid (PA) during storage of iron and zinc fortified whole wheat flour. The whole wheat flour was fortified and packed in polypropylene woven bags and tin boxes. These were stored under controlled and ambient conditions for a period of sixty days to evaluate the effect of added forms of various iron and zinc sources on PA content. The results indicated that PA content decreased significantly from 1.55 to 0.88% in different fortified flours during the storage of 60 days. Packaging material however, did not affect the phytate content. Storage conditions also affected the PA content which remained higher in controlled storage as compared to ambient conditions. Iron and zinc fortificants decreased the PA content. Results of this experiment further indicated that PA content of whole wheat flour fortified with elemental iron stored under ambient conditions were less as compared to the flour, stored under controlled conditions. It is, therefore, concluded that iron and zinc fortificants decreased PA content in wheat flour during storage.


In this research, the definition of teachers' opinion related to the attainability with the existing facilities of foreseen acquisitions for the unit, "Electricity in Our Life", which takes place in 6 th grade primary education curriculum has been aimed. To achieve this aim (goal), the Likert Scale, including the acquisitions for the unit, "Electricity in Our Life", which takes place in 6 th grade primary education curriculum, has been prepared and applied to 21 teachers teaching science and technology to 6 th grade primary education. The results have been analyzed in SPSS packet program by using Descriptive Statistic and Unique Sample T-Test and Mann – Whitney U-Test. At the end of the research, teachers have generally expressed positive opinions about acquisitions; however they have expressed negative opinion about three acquisitions. On the other hand, there occurred statistically apparent differences between the opinions of teachers who work at the schools in county center and teachers who work at the schools in villages.


In the present invention, when an autism device is automatically closed by mechanical evacuation tunnel providing a suite door, the passage of the evacuation of the subsequent during the closing operation, but will stop its operation, and the timer is activated again upon re-opened, with the room available resumption is automatically closed, the evacuation in an emergency at the same time inducing the evacuation gaengmun performing galena and fire protection is provided. The present invention to achieve this, but the movement in cooperation, the opening of the door, the operation that interferes with the closing of the door body and: association with the timer mechanism: is a working body autism mechanism and to always biased against the closing operation of the door is performed autism of the door , connecting the work pieces He for a timer control for regulating movement of the door closing direction of the effector mechanism and: also configure the automatic door provided an allowable mechanism to allow for the opening movement of the direction of the working body during the timer time and At the same time, and the timer mechanism has the movable part to move up from the inoperative position in association with movement of the opening operation initially of the effector operating position, and the migration to the closing operation the movement of the operating body returns to its inoperative position from the operative position , it consists of a timer unit to start operation by detecting the moving body has reached the operating position, and the moving body Is after reaching the working position of the timer device will operate with the evacuation mechanism is free from the movement of the working body is installed.


Modern natural family planning (NFP) is not the "rhythm method" and is not based on calendar calculations. Taught by well-trained instructors to motivated couples NFP has high method effectiveness and high use effectiveness. Studies of modern NFP methods as used to avoid pregnancy have documented high method (biologic) effectiveness rates (96.6-99.9%). Use effectiveness rates are controversial because of the question of the intentions of users (i.e. to avoid or to achieve pregnancy). However a number of studies have documented very good use effectiveness rates (90-98%). A highly beneficial aspect of NFP which makes the method unique is its positive influence on the couples relationship and sexuality. NFP is also helpful for couples trying to achieve pregnancy and can be a valuable aid for dealing with infertility. (full text)


Pressure indicator fitting of the injection molding device (20) is a fitting body (22) of the fitting hole (24) extending therethrough, so that the fitting hole is open to the interior of the passageway (12) for melt transfer in the fitting body that is mounted in the apparatus (22), housed in the fitting hole, an indicating member which is maintained in the normal position by being bonded thereto (26), shown from the lysate a bonding material applied to degrees member (18) indicating member to be displaced to the reading position from the normal position by a force sufficient to peel the (26), reading position indicating member to the surface of the fitting body determined by the surface (25) of adjacent, in the reading position and a reading member (26) a portion of the shaft (29) of the indicating member is exposed. Advantageously, indicating member is held in reading position by press fitting between the indicating member and the fitting body. Injection molding manifold (10) comprises a pressure indicating fitting according to the present invention. .FIELD 2a


Your windows could be smashed by a Southern Ocean gale or a driftwood log deposited in your driveway by the sea, but the ladies of Trial Harbour wouldn't have it any other way.


The invention relates to a fast text composition method of a mobile terminal, belonging to the technical field of communication. The fast text composition method comprises the following steps of: selecting a font, a character height value, the height value and the width value of a display area; calculating the width of a single character and the width of an ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) code symbol; judging the attribute of a first character of a character string, and then determining the display width of the first character; adding the judged first character to the tail part of a current display character string, and deleting the first character contained in a character string to be composed; summarizing the display widths of characteristics of the current display character string to obtain a current display line width; comparing whether the current display line width is larger than the width value of the display area or not, determining whether adding a new display line or not, and judging whether the product of a display line number and the character height value is larger than the height value of the display area or not to determine whether the composition of the character string to be composed on the display area needs to be completed or not. The invention can outstandingly increase the text composition speed and enable the battery with same electric quantity to work for a longer time.


This study presents a method of feedforward control design of an active dynamic vibration absorber for multi-degree-of-freedom systems. The feedforward control, obtained by assuming that the shaping filter has the same natural frequency as a primary structure in the frequency range of input disturbance, is effective in the broad frequency range and is robust for input disturbance. Furthermore, to improve reliability, a digital control system consisting of reduced-order feedback control and feedforward control, using a Kalman filter, is synthesized


Military Specification 105D offers a method for selecting sample plans for quality audits. It is limited in the number of plans offered and the ranges of producer's risk and quality that can be selected. It provides no means or criteria for combining lots, or for selecting optimal plans. The authors offer a methodology to extend the specification to more sample plans, lower producer's risk, raise quality levels, and lower proportional samples, and present statistical justification for combining or subdividing lots. An actual implementation is discussed which can be used to automate the application of the extended standard. Extended tables are provided which permit the user to also implement the methodology manually. The result of application, manual or automatic, results in smaller samples from larger lots, which reduced cost by up to six times from that of MIL SPEC 105D for the same quality level and producer's risk.<<ETX>>


This paper examines the concept of 'teaching' in early education and childcare and argues that the activity of teaching, broadly defined, concerns all adults who work in this area and occurs in all phases of the educational system. Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological perspective on human development is applied to conceptualise teaching as (1) adults' attempts to extend children's current phenomenological perspectives of the world; and (2) as being based on adults' ability to capture children's momentum towards learning. The implications of current terms such as 'practitioner', and the ways in which 'teaching' in early childhood education has been conceptualised, are also discussed.


The cultural variety and the celebrations of Spain moved to America with the colonization, since in the similar scheme with the others all the origin in the old continent and these lands is evident as a syncretism. Since in the world view it is said that in the world there must be a duality, that is, that not everything can be best. That is one of the reasons why there is the figure of the Devil of Lata in the passage of the Child King of the Kings of Riobamba, more than being the custodian of the King of Kings.
During the Christmas festivities, in the months of December and January, especially on January 6, the day of Kings, we can appreciate the presence of the figure of the Devil of Lata in the pass of the King of Kings Child of Riobamba, presumably it is descendant of the indigenous devil originally from the parish of Cacha in Riobamba, Ecuador.
It has been possible to show that this figure has undergone changes from his clothing to the most striking that is his can mask, and therefore the lack of interest in knowing his origin and the role he plays in the pass. It has been losing all its originality.
This investigation is basing on a methodology of focused ethnography, which seeks to deepen and analyze the origin and function of the figure of the Tin Devil in the Pass of the Child King of Kings; moreover, the characteristics of his clothing. For the collection of information, structured and unstructured interviews are using, since being a qualitative research, we need the knowledge of people who have substantial expeience about the researched character.


This study aims to analyze the effect of leadership style on employee performance through HR strategy as an intervening variable. The method used in this research is explanatory research. The sample of this research is 63 people. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model using the Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) approach. The results of the study concluded that leadership style does not directly affect employee performance, but through HR strategy, leadership style influences employee performance. In this connection HR strategy is a full mediation variable. The implications of this research illustrate that transformational leadership styles are more effective in developing HR strategies within the Rectorate of Palangka Raya University.


This article examines the evolution of a Spanish region, Castilla y Leon, from 1808 to 1936, and tries to throw light on an apparent contradiction. That is, while Castilla was considered the birthplace of the modern civil liberties from the Liberal perspective, a majority of its inhabitants offered a crucial support to the rebellion against the Second Republic in July 1936. The article focuses on several issues. The fi rst being the scarce vitality of the region, both human and economic, its weak urban scene, the slight penetration of Liberalism in its society -mainly amongst its peasantry, and how, on the other hand, there was a strong development of peasant unions, which had fl ourished during the fi rst third of the 20th century, and that favoured the incorporation of those peasants into the public sphere. These unions, strongly infl uenced by the Church and the Catholic upper classes, would prepare the grounds for the electorate to become right-winged in the 1930s and justify in advance the military coup.


The following Coccid was first recorded as a probable new species of Saissetia by Dr. W. J. Hall in Nutman and Sheffield (1949, p. 437), who suggested that it might be regarded as a possible vector, should a virus be the cause of Suddendeath disease of cloves. Although further research has shown that this disease is not caused by a virus, the species is of particular interest in its relationship with ants and this has been the subject of a special study by M. J. Way (in press).


By means of the reverse e ow theorems, results are obtained for the unsteady lift and pitching moment on two-dimensional airfoils penetrating sharp-edged traveling gusts. Both downstream and upstream traveling gusts are considered. For the incompressible case, exact results are given and are generalized numerically for any gust e eld by means of Duhamel superposition. Results are then given for the airloads and acoustics generated by a two-dimensional airfoil encountering a vortex convecting at different gust speed ratios. Numerical results for the traveling sharp-edged gust problem are also derived for subsonic e ows by means of exact linear theory. Further results for the subsonic case are computed by means of an Euler e nite difference method. It is found that the gust speed ratio has substantial effects on the unsteady airloads and will be an important parameter to represent in helicopter rotor aeroacoustic problems.


The main objective of this study was to quantify the diatom floral richness and analyze the diversity structure in Pamir aquatic habitats. We revealed 455 species (552 with infraspecific taxa) of diatom algae compiled from reference studies in 1930-1983 that was done for the first time, and our data after many floristic surveys conducted in the field during 2000-2015. Floristic analysis of the total species richness revealed 65 rare and 22 species new for Pamir algal flora, and has allowed us to identify prevailed Classes, Orders, and Families in the diatoms. Only four genera are prevailing and contain about 30% of total richness. The Pinnularia species from them are representing extremely large numbers (39). They prefer fresh, clear, circumneutral-water habitats in natural aquatic objects with developed phytoperiphytonic communities, included many rare species and can be peculiarities of the Pamir diatom flora.


In the field of data mining, missing values has always been a crucial factor. Incorrect imputation of missing values could lead to inaccurate research as well as wrong predictions. Developing a generalized imputation strategy that can be used across a variety of dataset is very hard. Because each dataset has its attributes and characteristics, and finding another dataset of similar property could be a very hard task. In Bangladesh, real healthcare data is very noisy which makes the knowledge discovery by health researchers very difficult. One of the main sources of noise in healthcare data is missing values. In this paper, we presented a general model for the imputation of any kind of missing data. We also implemented three different algorithms namely Amelia, FURIA, and MICE in real healthcare dataset to impute missing values. Experimental results on 65000 patient records show that MICE algorithm performs better among the three.


The millimeter (mm)-wave small-world wireless NoC (mSWNoC) is an enabling interconnect architecture to design high performance and low power multicore chips. As the mSWNoC has an overall irregular topology, it is extremely important to design suitable deadlock-free routing mechanisms for it. In this paper we quantify the latency, energy dissipation, and thermal profiles of mSWNoC architectures by incorporating irregular network routing strategies. We demonstrate that the latency, energy dissipation, and thermal profile are affected by the adopted routing methodologies. In presence of the benchmarks considered, the variation in latency and energy dissipation is small. However, the network hotspot temperature can vary considerably depending on the exact routing strategy and the characteristics of the benchmark.


Growth of the seagrass Heterozostera tasmanica (Martens ex Aschers.) den Hartog in the sandy sediments of Port Phillip Bay, southeastern Australia, IS shown to be limited by nitrogen (but not phosphorus) in the sediment interstit~al water Sediments beneath H. tasrnanica at 5 sites in the bay were enriched in spring (September) with nltrogen (1000 g m-') and phosphorus (20 g P m-2); responses were measured 5 mo later in late summer (February). At 1 site, Rye, nitrogen and phosphorus were added both separately and together in a 2 X 2 factorial design; at the other 4 sites nitrogen and phosphorus were added together. At the Rye site, nitrogen enrichment resulted in an increased concentration of total nitrogen in the roots/rhizomes and leaves of H. tasmanica and in a significant increase in dry weight of leaves (SO%), density of leaf clusters (40%) and canopy height (20°/0). Phosphorus enrichment resulted in an increased concentration of phosphorus in the leaves of H. tasrnanica but no change in leaf dry welght, density of leaf clusters or canopy height. Neither nitrogen nor phosphorus enrichment caused an lncrease in dry weight of epiphytes on seagrass leaves, in dry weight of non-epiphytic macroalgae or In the concentration of chlorophyll in seagrass leaves. At 3 of the 4 other sites, nitrogen plus phosphorus enrichment resulted in an increase in growth of H. tasrnanica. It is suggested that during spring and summer nitrogen limits the growth of H tasmanica throughout most of Port Phillip Bay.


A task is core when its outcome directly affects the competitive advantage of the company in its targeted markets. In any given category of business, one company's core may well be another company's context. Outsourcing the context and enhancing the core becomes one of the top business strategies in ebusiness as well as in e-learning market. Based on this core-versus-context strategy, this report outlines a value chain formation of the outsourcing service for e-Learning market, which includes content provider, content delivery system, content management system, Internet service provider, hardware vendor, and value-added reseller. This report also emphasizes the importance of the content delivery system, for example, the virtual classroom system or the integrated collaboration system, as the catalyzer for the formation of this value chain.


Silent Motor Company and the HAN University of Applied Science collaborate in the development of an aircraft baggage tractor. The baggage tractor is equipped with an 8kW fuel cell stack connected to a 26kWh battery-pack. The control system implemented minimizes the start-up time of the fuel cell system, protects the fuel cell against overload and underload and controls the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery to its optimum value. A practical SOC-determination method is implemented which does not need detailed knowledge about the batteries applied. This paper presents a description of the fuel cell system, its energy management system and SOC-determination method and the results of first test measurements.


To identify effective predictors of recurrence following radical prostatectomy, RNAseq libraries were prepared from RNA derived from 71 Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) prostatectomy samples from two institutions, and high‐throughput sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq2000 instrument. Subjects were divided into high and low risk groups based on the optimal predictive score cutoff from ROC analysis, and we performed log rank test to compare biochemical recurrence (BCR) between the two risk groups. For the 70 samples analyzed, clinical variables alone were highly predictive of recurrence (log‐rank test p=2.55e‐04); however the panel of 11 genes from the RNAseq analysis outperformed clinical variables alone (log rank test p=1.82e‐13). Prediction using this model achieved an ROC AUC of 0.959 with 85% sensitivity and 97% specificity. This set of RNA biomarkers may be useful in the prediction of BCR following radical prostatectomy, irrespective of stage, grade, race, or pre‐operative PSA. Patients with tumors having increased expression of these markers may benefit from close follow‐up after surgery. Research supported by DOD IDEA Award W81XWH‐010–1‐0090.


A method of electrodepositing a palladium/nickel alloy coating upon a substrate wherein the coating is plated onto the substrate by electrodeposition from a bath containing 5 to 30 g per liter of palladium and 5 to 30 g per liter of nickel and having a palladium-nickel ratio such that the coating contains 30 to 90% by weight of palladium. The bath is provided during the electrodeposition of the coating with at least one acetylene amine or amino alcohol capable of improving the brightness and mechanical properties of the coating.


The theory of two-cluster transfer reactions is reconsidered on the basis of a simple semiclassical approximation. The obtained expression for the differential cross section is in a closed form so as to be easily calculated. A theoretical study with calculations for the angular distribution for different incoming and outgoing energies, and also for different angular momentum transfer is introduced. Comparing our theoretical calculations with experimental data, satisfactory agreement is obtained especially in the backward direction.

Klassische Beschreibung von Zwei-"Cluster-Transfer"-Reaktionen in einem Coulomb-Feld

Es wird eine Theorie der Schwerionenreaktionen mit Mehrnukleonen-Transfer angegeben. Dabei wird das relativ einfache Problem bei Energien unterhalb der Coulombschwelle betrachtet, bei denen die Coulombwechselwirkung den entscheidenden Beitrag liefert. Die Reaktion wird halbklassisch beschrieben, wobei ein geschlossener Ausdruck fur die Winkelverteilung erhalten wird.


The key purpose of this paper is to show what has been written about 5S and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), and the benefits that can be achieved by their implementation in the contemporary industrial organizations. The findings of this paper reveal important issues about the impact of the implementation of 5S in TPM projects, thereby toward improved effectiveness of performance of industrial organizations and enhance their financial position and competitively. The literature on the classification of 5S and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) has so far been very limited. The paper reviews a large number of published materials in this field, along with it presents the overview about the basic concepts and various practices of implementation of the 5S and TPM. It also highlights many aspects which are needed for implementing these two techniques simultaneously in the contemporary manufacturing scenario. Moreover, in this work, the phases of the successful implementation of 5S and TPM have been highlighted for ensuring smooth and effective their implementation in the workplaces, in addition to identify the factors required to correctly implement the 5S and the TPM. Sum up, the paper contains a comprehensive listing of the leading publications and which have come a long way in the area of 5S and TPM, in addition to a set of proposals that have been developed based on the study model after extensive review of literature. Thus, this paper will be largely beneficial to researchers, maintenance professionals and other concerned officials with improving the performance of production process effectiveness in the industrial organizations. © 2015 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.


Homocoupling of substituted benzenes to symmetrical biaryls is achieved with different cerium(IV) compounds such as cerium(IV) triethylammonium nitrate (CTEAN), cerium(IV) pyridinium nitrate (CPN) and Ce(OTf)4 in the presence of HgII in good to high yields.


Background: Non-healing diabetic ulcers are the most common cause of amputation. Several studies have reported for the therapeutic potency of simvastatin and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on improving angiogenic factors and wound healing. Objectives: This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the treatment outcomes between low-dose simvastatin and MSCs transplantation in diabetic wound healing. Methods: Balb/c nude mice were divided into four groups: control group (CON), diabetic wounded group (DM, streptozotocin 45 mg/kg intraperitoneal daily for 5 days), diabetic wounded group with daily oral treatment of simvastatin (DM+SIM) and diabetic wounded group with implanted MSCs (DM+MSCs). Seven days before wound creation, oral simvastatin was started in DM+SIM (0.25mg/kg/day). Eleven weeks after the diabetic induction, all mice were created bilateral full-thickness excisional skin wounds on the back and received fibrin gel or MSCs into wound bed. At day 7 and 14 post wounding, the percentage of wound closure (%WC), the percentage of capillary vascularity (%CV), tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) levels, neutrophil infiltration and re-epithelialization were determined by using image analysis, confocal fluorescence microscopy, TBARs assay, immunohistochemically staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining, respectively. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, tissue vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, and pAkt levels were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The %WC in DM+SIM and DM+MSCs groups were significantly higher when compared to the diabetic group. This study also showed that simvastatin and MSCs could increase %CV, VEGF, pAkt and SDF-1 level. Moreover, tissue MDA, IL-6 and neutrophil infiltration in DM+SIM and DM+MSCs groups were significantly decreased when compared to the diabetic group. Furthermore, the re-epithelialization of DM+MSCs group was significantly increased when compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion: The results showed no significant difference between groups in all parameters on day 14 post-wound creation. Therefore, low-dose simvastatin might be used as an alternative treatment for diabetic wound healing.


Due to their low cost, toxicity, and health risks, medicinal plants have come to be seen as useful products and sources of biologically active compounds. Mangifera indica L., a medicinal plant with a long history, has a high bioactive metabolites content. Mangiferin (C19H18O11) is primary isolated from M. indica's leaves, which has many pharmacological benefits. In this investigation, ultrasonic-assisted extraction with ethanol as the extraction solvent was applied to obtain mangiferin from a local type of M. indica leaves. HPLC was performed after a dichloromethane-ethyl acetate liquid–liquid fractionation method. Further, UV–vis, FTIR, and NMR spectroscopy were utilized to elucidate the structure. Interestingly, purified mangiferin displayed promising antimicrobial efficacy against a diverse variety of fungal and bacterial pathogens with MICs of 1.95–62.5 and 1.95–31.25 µg/mL, respectively. Time–kill patterns also showed that mangiferin had both bactericidal and fungicidal action. Furthermore, it exhibited strong radical dosage-dependent scavenging activity (IC50 = 17.6 μg/mL) compared to vitamin C (Vc, IC50 = 11.9 μg/mL), suggesting it could be developed into a viable antioxidant agent. To our delight, the IC50 values of mangiferin for the MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines were 41.2 and 44.7 μg/mL, respectively, from MTT cell viability testing, and it was less harmful when tested against the noncancerous cell line. Notably, it significantly induced cell apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by 62.2–83.4% using annexin V-FITC/PI labeling. Hence, our findings suggest that mangiferin can be used in the medical industry to create therapeutic interventions and medication delivery systems for society.


SPATE(Stress Pattern Analysis by Thermal Emission) can be effectively used to analyze the stress distributions of isotropic structure under the repeated load by non-contact. In this research, the measuring method and the measuring concept of stress intensity factor of isotropic material by SPATE are suggested. The validity of the method and the concept was certified through SPATE experiment.


The conventional adaptive filtering algorithm in signal processing with fixed step size will lead to its stability and convergence unable to be combined at the moment. To deal with this problem, the least mean p-power (LMP) algorithm is improved, and a variable step size least mean p-power algorithm based on an improved softsign function is proposed. The algorithm uses the improved softsign function to construct the variable step size function, while the moving weighted average method is applied to update the step size and keep the efficiency of the algorithm stable. Simulation experiments indicate that the improved variable step size LMP algorithm further reduces the steady-state error of the algorithm while maintaining the original convergence speed, thus better balancing the stability and convergence of the algorithm under the interference of ocean pulse noise compared with the existing fixed step size and variable step size algorithms.


For more than a decade, economists and policy-makers have debated the existence and stability of the Philips Curve. Whilst theories (and their attendant explanatory variables) come and go, one of the more enduring aspects of this debate concerns two particular characteristics of the functional forms being tested. Before further discussion, a framework which is consistent with the two characteristics of the overlapping-annual-wage-change (OAWC) model must be established. A set of sufficient conditions for its derivation is provided in the paper.


The role of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) during the development and maintenance of Th2type allergic airway disease is controversial. In this study, we examined the role of CCR4 in the chronic allergic airway response to live Aspergillus fumigatus spores, or conidia, in A. fumigatussensitized mice. After the conidia challenge, mice lacking CCR4 (CCR4‐/‐ mice) exhibited significantly increased numbers of airway neutrophils and macrophages, and conidia were more rapidly eliminated from these mice compared with control CCR4 wild‐type (CCR4+/+) mice. Significant airway hyperresponsiveness to intravenous methacholine was observed at day 3 in CCR4‐/‐ mice, whereas at days 7 and 30, airway hyperresponsiveness was attenuated in these mice compared with control mice. A major reduction in peribronchial and airway eosinophilia was observed in CCR4‐/‐ mice at all times after conidia challenge in contrast to CCR4+/+ mice. Further, whole lung levels of interleukin (IL) 4 and IL‐5 were significantly increased in CCR4‐/‐ mice at day 3, whereas these Th2 cytokines and IL‐13 were significantly decreased at day 30 in CCR4‐/‐ mice compared with their wild‐type counterparts. Peribronchial fibrosis and goblet cell hyperplasia were similar in both groups of mice throughout the course of this model. In summary, CCR4 modulates both innate and acquired immune responses associated with chronic fungal asthma.


The title compounds have been synthesised by interaction of diaminodifurazanyl with dibromoisocyanurate (DBI) and it was shown that the diazene fragment in such structures is capable of being oxidized into a diazene oxide fragment.


This paper is concerned with the development of data management systems from an associative point of view. The design utilizes relational set theory applied to information systems. The basic notion involves the mathematical transformation of hierarchical structures of n-ary relations into associative normal form (ANF). This transformation preserves the information content while at the same time allowing the information to be manipulated by an associative memory in a more efficient manner than is possible on a random access memory. Among the advantages that can be realized from this system are the capability of handling many and varied data structures; substantially fewer pointers and directories; a reduction in storage space requirements; and a substantial decrease in query and update time.


With an effective temperature of ≃200,000 K, KPD 0005+5106 is one of the hottest white dwarfs (WDs). ROSAT unexpectedly detected "hard" (∼1 keV) X-rays from this apparently single WD. We have obtained Chandra observations that confirm the spatial coincidence of this hard X-ray source with KPD 0005+5106. We have also obtained XMM-Newton observations of KPD 0005+5106, as well as PG 1159−035 and WD 0121−756, which are also apparently single and whose hard X-rays were detected by ROSAT at 3σ–4σ levels. The XMM-Newton spectra of the three WDs show remarkably similar shapes that can be fitted by models including a blackbody component for the stellar photospheric emission, a thermal plasma emission component, and a power-law component. Their X-ray luminosities in the 0.6–3.0 keV band range from 4 × 1029 to 4 × 1030 erg s−1. The XMM-Newton EPIC-pn soft-band (0.3–0.5 keV) light curve of KPD 0005+5106 is essentially constant, but the hard-band (0.6–3.0 keV) light curve shows periodic variations. An analysis of the generalized Lomb–Scargle periodograms for the XMM-Newton and Chandra hard-band light curves finds a convincing modulation (false-alarm probability of 0.41%) with a period of 4.7 ± 0.3 hr. Assuming that this period corresponds to a binary orbital period, the Roche radii of three viable types of companion have been calculated: M9V star, T brown dwarf, and Jupiter-like planet. Only the planet has a size larger than its Roche radius, although the M9V star and T brown dwarf may be heated by the WD and inflate past the Roche radius. Thus, all three types of companion may be donors to fuel accretion-powered hard X-ray emission.


Endogenous steroid hormones play a fundamental role in the prenatal development of important vital systems, but when their concentration is long-time enhanced they have a negative impact on the postnatal physiological processes. Prenatal programming is widely used in the context of the permanent alteration of foetal physiological processes. These are caused by factors acting during a critical period of development called the window of the development. Diff erent factors may programme foetal maturity and enhance survival ability after the birth, and may result in disadvantageous consequences in postnatal life. Many studies have shown a relationship between alterations induced by the impact of the mother during pregnancy on the embryo or foetal development, and many consequences which are observed in their off spring. Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) given to pregnant females (experimentally or therapeutically), and the increase of endogenous GCs caused by diff erent stressors, lead to identical changes in the process of foetus development. This review focuses on the impact of the prenatal overload with synthetic glucocorticoids on the postnatal development of both humans and experimental animals. It is not known whether these alterations are transient or permanent after the birth, or if they persist, and the extent to which they may be reversed therapeutically.


In the present study, pollinator community of basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) was explored at Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. The results indicated that eight bee species, two wasp species, one fly and one butterfly species visited the flowers of O. Basilicum. Bees were found to be the most abundant floral visitors (1294 individuals) followed by wasp (208 individuals), fly (10 individuals) and butterflies (37 individuals). Among all pollinator species, Apis florea and Apis dorsata bees had the highest abundance (285 and 272 individuals, respectively). The highest visitation rate was recorded in Nomia oxybeloides (10.65±3.6 numbers of flowers/minute) followed by A. florea (6.2±3.8 numbers of flowers/minute) while Zizeeria krasandra butterfly had the lowest visitation rate (0.93±0.24 numbers of flowers/minute). The maximum visitation frequency (individuals/flower/minute) was recorded in A. florea (0.78±0.06) and the lowest in Vespa orientalis (0.18±0.01).


Computational fluid dynamics is becoming increasingly important for evaluation of design concepts in theproduct development process. Scientific visualization provides a very efficient way to insight into the performance ofproducts. Yet traditional visual technology only passes information in vision, limitation of multi-vision, full view and interaction prevents us from the insight into the process of product development. In this paper we present a new method for combining the vision, auralization and haptic of the vortices of a streamline in a vector field. This paper emphasizes the multimode to enhance vertical feature extraction, vortex feature visualization combined sonification and hapticvisualization. We are developing a visualization tool which incorporates virtual reality techniques of the interactiveexploration of the large scalar and vector data sets. Meanwhile we implement the technique to design and evaluate a new type air-flow pipe for a car air-conditions manufactory.


Summary Objective: To intensify the collaboration between WHO, the World Health Organization, and IMIA, the International Medical Informatics Association. Methods: Identifying key areas of collaboration and publishing a joint communiqué during Medinfo 2007 in Brisbane, Australia. Results and Conclusions: WHO and IMIA have identified three keyareas of joint work for the next three years: the Global Observatory for eHealth, the use of I CT for the development of the health and health care workforce, and sharing eHealth products and services related to intellectual property for development.


In the centrosymmetric binuclear title compound, [Cu2Br2(C12H10N5S)2]·2CH3OH, the CuII ion adopts a slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The hydrazine carbothioamide moiety and one of the pyridyl rings together adopt an almost planar arrangement, with a maximum deviation of 0.052 (4) Å for the C atom of the thiourea moiety. There are two molecules of methanol solvent per complex in the asymmetric unit. The nonconventional intramolecular C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds make the molecule more rigid, whereas the conventional N—H⋯N and O—H⋯Br intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions, supported with N—H⋯π interactions, establish a supramolecular linkage among the molecules in the crystal. An intermolecular C—H⋯O interaction is also present.


Mixtures of α-A12O3 and NaAlO2 corresponding to the eutectic composition 65 mot % A12O 3 were heated in sealed platinum crucibles above the eutectic temperature (measured to be 1572°C in this study). Once melting was complete, the liquid was quenched and the resultant solid examined by X-ray diffraction. Sodium aluminate, beta alumina, and beta″ alumina were detected in all cases. However, the relative amounts of beta and beta″ present were a function of the cooling rate, with the amount of beta″ increasing with a decreasing cooling rate. Subsequent annealing (in platinum envelopes) of the solidified eutectic at 1400° and 1530°C showed that the amount of beta″ present decreased with increasing annealing time. Based on this observation, it is apparent that, in the temperature range studied, beta″-is metastable. Analysis of the time-transformation data shows that the reaction kinetics are consistent with the diffusion-controlled growth of the beta phase at the expense of the beta″-phase.


The invention discloses a health-care product for enhancing quality of cultured meat turtles, which is prepared from 1-4 parts of Bighead Atractylodes Rhizome, 2-5 parts of curcuma, 2-5 parts of angelica, 3-4 parts of Arillus Longan, 2-4 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 1-5 parts of propolis, 1-4 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 1-5 parts of retinervus luffae fructus, 1-6 parts of vitamin E, 2-4 parts of fish meal and 1-4 parts of cellulase. The raw materials are pulverized and uniformly mixed. The health-care product for enhancing quality of cultured meat turtles can effectively promote the growth of meat turtles, and the finished meat turtle product has favorable quality and better mouthfeel than common meat turtles.


Oil Palm Empty Brunches (OPEB) as lignocellulose can be hydrolyzed into various chemical compounds with high selling value, such as furfural. Furfural purification by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) produced higher furfural yield compared to other methods. The solvent must have a high solute capability to achieve the LLE process with the highest furfural yield. Toluene was chosen as a solvent because it shows high solubility in furfural extraction. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimum operating conditions for furfural LLE with toluene from the OPEB hydrolysate model. The variable in this research is stirring time (30, 60, 90 minutes), extraction stage (1x, 2x, 3x), and extraction temperature (25, 45, 65°C). Analysis of furfural content in the organic phase was carried out using HPLC. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) determined the optimum furfural LLE condition in the Design-Expert software using the Box-Behnken model. This research can be used as a reference for obtaining the best furfural yield from OPEB hydrolysate using the LLE method with toluene.


The fatty acid content, total lipid, refractive index, peroxide, iodine, acid and saponification values of Iranian linseed oil (Linum usitatissimum) were studied. For optimization of extraction conditions, this oil was extracted by solvents (petroleum benzene and methanol–water–petroleum benzene) in 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 ratios at 2, 5 and 8 h. Then its fatty acid content, omega-3 content and extraction yield were determined. According to the statistical analysis, petroleum benzene in a ratio of 1:3 at 5 h was chosen for the higher fatty acid, extraction yield, and economical feasibility. For preservation of ω-3 ingredients, oil with specified characters containing 46.8% ω-3 was kept under a nitrogen atmosphere at −30°C during 0, 7, 30, 60 and 90 days and its peroxide value was determined. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the average amount of peroxide value only on the first 7 days of storage, and its increase (8.30%) conformed to the international standard.


The objectives of this study was to find out the teaching style of teachers at SMP Negeri 27 Buton Tengah. The type of this research used qualitative research. Then to the design used by case studies research. It  use several methods, such as interviews and observations to collect the data. The location of  the  research was at SMP Negeri 27 Buton Tengah. This research was precisely location in Madongka Village, Lakudo, Buton Tengah. The subject of this research was an English teacher at second grade of SMP Negeri 27 Buton Tengah.The instrument in this research process was  the researcher herself who acts as the research instrument. To analyze the data from observation and interviews, researchers used Data collection, Data reduction, and data display.
The result of the finding indicated that the types of teaching style used by English teacher at SMPN 27 Baton Tengah namely Expert style, formal authority style, Personal model or demonstrator and facilitator style. The dominant teaching  style used by the teacher was formal auditory style, personal model or demonstrator. The teacher usually design group activities that require active learning, student to student's collaboration, and problem solving.


This article summarizes chronic fatigue syndrome animal model and detection of behavioral indicators after model's methods in China and abroad,recommend swimming in cold water and chronic restraint modeling method combined immune method,may be a stable,reliable,and reproducible CFS modeling method.


In general, perturbative expansions of observables in powers of the coupling constant in quantum field theories are asymptotic series. In many cases it is possible to apply resummation techniques to assign a unique finite value to an asymptotic series, but a particular pattern of divergence, the so-called renormalon, gives rise to non-perturbative ambiguities. The framework of Numerical Stochastic Perturbation Theory (NSPT), based on stochastic quantisation and the perturbative expansion of lattice fields, makes it possible to compute coefficients of perturbative series on the lattice. In this work we report on an NSPT study of asymptotically free sigma models, namely the Principal Chiral Model and the $\text{CP}{(N-1)}$ model. We present results for a lattice computation of the expansion coefficients of the energy density and discuss signatures of renormalons.


Assessment activities in the class are an important aspect of classroom practice, while there is much debate with respect to the formative vs. summative assessment routines and the outcomes that each of them provides for students' learning. As classroom assessment does not occur in seclusion of other aspects of classroom life, the process is seen as rather complex. In this study we wished to explore how assessment serves the function of supporting students' learning and whether this evidence is used to adapt teacher's practices in meeting different learning needs in the mathematics classroom. The authors observed assessment practices of an experienced math teacher in a grammar school in Belgrade. Teacher's assessment practices were observed during a three week period. The analysis has shown the teacher to hold a somewhat complex perception of assessment, yet the perception is largely detached from teaching, which is in line with the previously reported results. However, the elements of formative assessment do emerge, thus contributing to the assessment being in service of learning. In spite of this, a narrow set of practices are visible when observing how the teacher keeps track of students' progress. A mismatch is visible between students' and teacher's perceptions of the assessment as a whole and some of the practices exercised in the process. The teacher struggled to verbalize some aspects of own assessment practices, especially those related to more formative aspects.


Solution-phase synthesis can synthesize nanometer-sized materials with narrow size distributions and functional surfaces, enabling both the formation of order arrays and the controlled tethering of nanometer-sized materials to solid substrates by chemical reaction in homogeneous solution which leads to homogeneous or heterogeneous nucleation and diffusion growth. The two-phase reduction method, reverse micelle method, and high-temperature solution-phase synthesis are described as well as the influence factor of high-temperature solution-phase in the preparation of monodisperse metal nanoparticles. Recent progress in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, especially magnetic nanoparticles, and potential applications are discussed.


About 20 million men and women, a quarter of the population of Turkey, are Alevites, affiliated to the Bektashi rder, holding very liberal views related to those of the Mevlana Order. They have no mosques in their villages but community houses, where men and women together take part in cult ceremonies. They do not pray five times aday, neither do they fast. Aleohal is consumed in connection with initiation, men and women are equal and women do not wear veils, ete. As a consequence they are persecuted by Sunni neighbours as heretics and have been victims of arson attacks. The author received four years of weekly instruction by a Bektashi elder on questions related to faith, but not on the origin and cantext of the beliefs, which were virtually inaccessible locally. Further study has shown that their origin is in liberal Sufi thought, going back to Neoplatonism, Plotinus and the hermetic tradition. This tradition survives in Anatolia. 1 Published in Islam and Christian Muslim Relations, Vol.l7, No,J,l-20, January 2006 2 Correspondence Address. Eric ComeU Topeliusva gen 15,167 61 Bromma, Sweden. e-mail,email@example.com ı I I. ULU S LARARA S I TÜR K KÜLTÜRÜ ve HA C I B E K TA Ş V EL İ S E M PO Z YU M U 271


Strategic planning has been the "whipping" boy in management for the last three decades. First, there was little planning. Then in the 1970's, planning could do no wrong - everyone jumped on the "planning bandwagon". However, due to environmental issues in the 1980's such as the energy crisis, detailed plans were missed and planning was once again put on the "back burner". Henry Mintzberg's book, The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning, led to the attitude of "just do it" in the 1990's. Emergent plans led to spectacular gains by the dotcom companies. However, what goes up, must come down and we had the crash of the dotcoms in 2000. Maybe a middle ground of some detailed planning plus emergent plans is a better formula! This combination has been called "strategic thinking". Due to the complexity of today's technology, engineers should drive the firm's strategic thinking. Engineers have been trained to look at all sides of the issues (system engineering). This process is a combination of detailed planning and emergent planning. As engineers take more of the lead in technology companies, their systems background is more in tune with the new planning style called strategic thinking. Combining an engineer's technical background with appropriate business training may be the "right ticket" for technology firms in the 2000's. The Project Management MBA program at the University of Texas at Dallas is uniquely designed to provide the necessary business training to practicing engineers. This program meets the professional development needs of individuals who already have significant program and project experience. By combining the traditional MBA courses with project management certificate training, this program provides leading edge information from both the academic and practitioner viewpoints. The UTD program offers both online and on campus versions to meet the needs of busy individuals


Purpose: The concept of negative behaviors in organizational psychology is at its emerging stage. Negative behaviors not only affect the well-being of the employees but also the overall performance of the organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between emotional support (from co-workers) and employees' wellbeing in the presence of social undermining as a mediator.
Materials and Methods: This study was quantitative. Cross-sectional and convenience sampling design (non-probability sampling technique) was applied to collect the data through questionnaires from the participants by using the survey method. Data was gathered from 287 Lecturers, Assistant Professors, and Professors from different public and private universities of Balochistan. Process Macro was applied to find the direct and indirect effect of emotional support on employees 'wellbeing.
Findings: Results showed that emotional support positively influenced wellbeing while social undermining partially mediates the relationship between emotional support and wellbeing.
Recommendation: These findings can be applied in organizations to improve the wellbeing of the employees and minimize the negative behaviors in an organizational setting.


and this is accomplished by sharing meaningful thoughts and genuine feelings. Programs include, not only one-to-one counseling, but many group activities. Personal exploration groups or encounter groups are popular and run throughout the year. There are workshops on various interests and skills including auto mechanics, Gestalt therapy, couples, life goals, meditation and yoga. Peer counselors utilize some techniques developed by the professions of psychiatry and psychology such as listening, and in addition techniques developed by numerous other therapies such as bioenergetics, yoga, and massage. Counselors describe the helping process in terms of learning to share feelings, freedom to express feelings, forming a trusting relationship, enhancement of communication, identification, and sharing in a mutual growth process. Unlike professional psychotherapy, an essential ingredient of peer counseling is the mutual sharing of feelings, ideas, and outlook on life; a counselor talks honestly about himself. This results in reciprocal help. Counselors are careful to refer counselees to sources of professional help when indicated. There is no formal contract, no fees, no records are kept, and no appointments are necessary. All counselors are volunteers. However, the counseling programs have their own structured training programs in which they utilize professionals. They maintain a stringent regular peer review system. As with psychotherapy, it is difficult to evaluate effectiveness but the professional services on campus have not encountered any casualties. Using rates of utilization of services as a yardstick of effectiveness, the peer counseling efforts at Davis are succeeding very well. Peer counseling is a movement complementing professional work and doing things that professionals cannot do. In addition, they reach youth who can never be reached by the professional establishment. Physicians can assist peer counseling agencies by offering consultation, training and back-up care. A closer look at their activities will yield a wealth of information useful to the professional in his counseling and therapy. GORDON D. JENSEN, MD


The success of PCS rests in the ability to share spectrum with incumbent microwave users in the 1850-1990 MHz band. In turn, the ability to share spectrum with these users in this band depends highly upon the amount of spectrum allocated to PCS users. Spectrum allocations from 20 MHz to 40 MHz per PCS licensee are being considered by the FCC. While it may be possible to make some spectrum available by negotiating relocation agreements with certain of the microwave users in a given MSA, local government users may remain co-primary operators in the band indefinitely. The results of computer modelling indicate that these remaining local government microwave systems may greatly inhibit and even prevent the deployment of a PCS system in a given band depending upon the spectrum allocation scheme. The authors explore the 20 MHz, 30 MHz, and 40 MHz PCS allocation schemes and compare the amounts of available spectrum under each allocation scheme. In addition, they examine these spectrum availability amounts considering the influence of local government microwave paths. They conclude that the larger spectrum allocation schemes will greatly facilitate the deployment of interference-free PCS systems.


Emerging cyber-physical systems (CPS) often require collecting end users' data to support data-informed decision making processes. There has been a long-standing argument as to the tradeoff between privacy and data utility. In this paper, we adopt a multiparametric programming approach to rigorously study conditions under which data utility has to be sacrificed to protect privacy and situations where free-lunch privacy can be achieved, i.e., data can be concealed without hurting the optimality of the decision making underlying the CPS. We formalize the concept of free-lunch privacy, and establish various results on its existence, geometry, as well as efficient computation methods. We propose the free-lunch privacy mechanism, which is a pragmatic mechanism that exploits free-lunch privacy if it exists with the constant guarantee of optimal usage of data. We study the resilience of this mechanism against attacks that attempt to infer the parameter of a user's data generating process. We close the paper by a case study on occupancy-adaptive smart home temperature control to demonstrate the efficacy of the mechanism.


The ERP system applications are applied to several functional areas such as finance, logistics, human resources, etc to improve the quality and service in an organization. As long as diversity and complexity of such ERP applications are increasing in an organization there is a need of ERP system success measurement. ERP system success factors and success indicators are ambiguous in available literatures. Most of the authors have mixed success factors with success indicators and vice versa. There is no any separating line between two terms. This study draws a line between various ERP system success factors and success indicators. First part of the study demonstrates various success factors of ERP system and second part demonstrates various success indicators of ERP System. This separating line might be used to develop an ERP system success measurement model. Further in this research article authors have presented a conceptual model integrating success factors and success indicators. Findings presented are based on literatures related to ERP system success.


It is well known that the tectonic basins called the Kanto Tectonic Basin in the central part of the Kanto Plain has been subsiding during the Quaternary Period. Many previous workers have a firm belief that the rivers of Tonegawa and Arakawa had been running along the Tonegawa Lowland situated in the center of the Basin and flowing into Tokyo Bay before their water-courses were changed artificially into the present courses about 300 years ago.The author pictured a paleogeographic map (Fig. 2) about the central part of the Kanto Plain in the Late Pleistocene basing upon the pattern of valleys dissecting the uplands composed of fluvial and coastal deposits during the Middle Pleistocene, and assumed that the rivers of Tonegawa and Arakawa was flowing along the Arakawa Lowland at that time. The same result was already published by MATSUDA (1974) basing on the subsurface data, who figured some geologic sections traversing the Tonegawa, the Nakagawa, and the Arakawa Lowlands.That is to say, the rivers of Tonegawa and Arakawa took their courses along the Arakawa Lowland from the Late Pleistocene till the Early Holocene. On account of the deposition in the floodplain and the subsidence of the Kanto Tectonic Basin, these rivers changed their courses to the east about 4, 000 years ago. Rapid deposition began in the Tonegawa Lowland area and uplands were buried, and some sites of the Middle Jomon stage on the uplands, too.


Sherman et al. commented on the precedence of enantiodivergence, listing a number of congeneric natural products with opposite chirality. However, these "congeners" are not derived from enantiodivergent biosyntheses. Instead, they are antipodes arising from separate enantiomeric biosyntheses. A distinct feature of the biosynthesis of the cyclic pyrrole-imidazole dimers is the production of antipodal congeners without the corresponding enantiomers.


Augmented reality is changing the way its users see the world. Smart augmented-reality glasses, with high resolution Optical Head Mounted display, supplements views of the real-world using video, audio, or graphics projected in front of user's eye. The area of Smart Glasses and heads-up display devices is not a new one, however in the last few years, it has seen an extensive growth in various fields including education. Our work takes advantage of a student's ability to adapt to new enabling technologies to investigate improvements teaching techniques in STEM areas and enhance the effectiveness and efficiency in teaching the new course content. In this paper, we propose to focus on the application of Smart Augmented-Reality Glasses in cybersecurity education to attract and retain students in STEM. In addition, creative ways to learn cybersecurity education via Smart Glasses will be explored using a Discovery Learning approach. This mode of delivery will allow students to interact with cybersecurity theories in an innovative, interactive and effective way, enhancing their overall live experience and experimental learning. With the help of collected data and in-depth analysis of existing smart glasses, the ongoing work will lay the groundwork for developing augmented reality applications that will enhance the learning experiences of students. Ultimately, research conducted with the glasses and applications may help to identify the unique skillsets of cybersecurity analysts, learning gaps and learning solutions.


The Basara basin which is one of the most promising hydrogeological basin in Iraqi Kurdistan Region, located in north east of Iraq, 25 km west of Sulaimani city, between the 496652 - 537752 East and 3911038 - 3951906 North in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) and lie in Zone 38N. The basin has a rectangular shape and covering an area of 571 km². The present hydrogeological investigations have revealed three inhomogeneous and anisotropic water bearing formations: Eocene Karstic Fissured Aquifer (EKFA), Intergranular Aquifer represented by Alluvium and Pliocene (AIA) & (PIA), as well as Miocene Complex Aquifer (MCA). For the first time, not only in Kurdistan but also in Iraq, Groundwater Vulnerability Map has been constructed in this study, using DRASTIC method with the assistance of Geographic Information System (GIS) to show zonation area of high and low groundwater susceptibility to pollution. Accordingly, vulnerability classes of the study area were classified into four classes. Most of the basin shows the highest extension of the zones with very low and low vulnerability zones, in contrast the zones with high vulnerability are distributed mainly in the mountain areas, solely in the eastern Uloblagh and Kuwaik mountains, in addition to that small zones in the farthest northern corner and south western corner of the area have less or no human activity.


This Master`s thesis is focusing on studying, arranging and understanding open public space with emphasis on sports and recreational areas in Ribnica, a small Slovenian town. Small towns are predominant in Slovenia and they play an important role in the polycentric urban network and also offer an opportunity for a quality life outside large urban centers. We presented in detail the role and importance of sports and recreational areas in public spaces and related legislation regarding the process of spatial planning. Sports and recreational areas are the basis for successful participation in various sports activities and represent an important part of the sports infrastructure. The latter includes both open and covered sports facilities and areas. Studies and analyses of space reveal that a small Slovenian town Ribnica does not have sufficiently arranged sports and recreational areas. Based on the criteria and standards for planning of those areas, examples of good practice and analyses of the area, we presented a plan for sustainable arrangement of old and new sports and recreational areas in Ribnica. We have made a proposal, made in appropriate scale, for the detailed municipal spatial plan for sports and recreational areas in the town. The new planned areas will provide the town with an up-to-date, attractive, suitable, functional and sustainable use of sports facilities.