According to the Exploitative Ecosystems Hypothesis (EEH), the number of trophic levels in a system predicts the intensity of herbivory on the plant community. We applied this hypothesis to the Río Claro in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica, where marine predators at high tide may represent an added trophic level. We also hypothesized that herbivorous fish would seek refuge upriver. We measured percent algal cover, substrate, and herbivorous fish abundances in 1 km transects moving upriver from the mouth. Algal cover declined with increasing distance from the mouth within the tidal zone, and was higher above the tidal zone. Large herbivores were highest in abundance at the upriver edge of the tidal zone, while small herbivores were found exclusively above the tidal zone. The results support the existence of a shift in trophic interactions predicted by the EEH as well as the predicted movement of herbivorous fish upriver, further reducing algal cover there. Introduction The Exploitative Ecosystems Hypothesis (EEH) predicts that herbivore pressure will be directly related to the number of trophic levels in an ecosystem. In ecosystems with an odd number of trophic levels, predators decrease herbivore abundance and green biomass will be high. In ecosystems with an even number of trophic levels, green biomass will be low because of intense herbivory (1). Many rivers contain two trophic levels: primary producers (algae) and herbivorous fish subject to little or no predation (2). For example, the Río Claro, near Estación Biológica Sirena, Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica contains herbivorous gobies (Gobiidae) that feed on benthic algae. However, the Río Claro also empties into the Pacific Ocean, permitting large marine predators to enter the river at high tide. Following the EEH, we hypothesized that the flux of large predators into the river's tidal zone adds another trophic level and alters herbivore pressure. We predicted that there would be higher algal cover and lower herbivorous fish abundance in the tidal zone compared to the non-tidal zone. We also hypothesized that herbivorous fish move upriver during high tide to avoid marine predators. Thus, we expected that algal cover would be lowest and herbivorous fish abundance would be highest at an intermediate distance from the river mouth. Methods We performed our study on 2 February, 2006 in the Río Claro, Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica. We ran three transects at low tide from the mouth of the river to 1 km upriver. We selected 2 x 2 m plots located every 50 m along each transect, and visually estimated the percent algal cover of the substrate, the most prevalent substrate type (cobble, pebble, or sand) and measured water depth. We also recorded the abundance and morphotypes of Elactinus macrodon a variety of small goby Image Courtesy of J. Van Tassell, Biology Department, Hofstra University ECOLOGY Evaluating the Exploitative Ecosystems Hypothesis in a Marine-Influenced River Community ANDREW R. CARRERAS '06, BRIAN D. BATES '06, PAUL R. WRIGHT '07


We derive a generalized Skyrme-Faddeev action as the effective action of QCD in the low energy limit. Our result demonstrates the existence of a mass gap in QCD which triggers the confinement of color.


The Automatic Generation Control (AGC), a fundamental frequency control system, is vulnerable to cyber-physical attacks. Coordinated false data injection attack, aiming to generate fake transient measurements, typically precedes unwarranted actions, inducing frequency excursion, leading to electromechanical swings between generators, blackouts, and costly equipment damage. Unlike other works that focus on point anomaly detection, this work focuses on contextual detection of stealthy cyber-attacks against AGC by utilizing prior information, which is essential for power system operation and situational awareness. More specifically, we depart from the traditional deep learning anomaly detection that is thoroughly driven by black-box detection; instead, we envision an approach based on physics-informed hybrid deep learning detection 'CLDPhy,' which utilizes the combination of prior knowledge of physics and system metrics. Our method, to the extent of our knowledge, is the first context-based anomaly detection for stealthy cyber-physical attacks against the AGC system. We evaluate our approach on an industrial high-class PowerWorld simulated dataset - based on the IEEE 37-bus model. Our experiments observe a 36.4% improvement in accuracy for coordinated attack detection with contextual information, and our approach clearly demonstrates the superiority in comparison with other baselines.


'There are hills beyond Pentland and lands beyond Forth' and this predominantly Highland region was the home of several pioneer British mycologists, notably Keith at Forres, Stevenson at Glamis, Trail at Aberdeen and White at Perth. Since their day it has been somewhat neglected apart from an occasional mycological society foray into the valleys of the Tay and Spey but to the patience of a few collectors even the mass of moor and bog above and beyond the valley woods continues to yield a harvest, albeit of a kind unknown to Claverhouse.


ment. For the offence of throwing stones at prisoners there must be a sentence of three days medium arrest and for each case of insulting prisoners a sentence of a week's light arrest. In accordance with the terms of §54 of the Mititary Penal Code and of §74 of the Imperial Code a comprehensive sentence has to be passed to include these separate sentences. The period of detention during the enquiry will be counted as part of the term of imprisonment now ordered; this is in accordance with §60 of the Imperial Penal Code. The decision of the Court as to the costs is based upon §§497 et seq. "St. P.O." (§Criminal Procedure Rules) in conjunction with §4 of the Law of 24th March, 1920 (Imperial Code I.S. 341). /CI. ,. " (Signed) SCHMIDT,


Fuelled by the increasing connectivity afforded by the Internet and the flexibility offered by Web technologies, the use of technology in education has become increasingly common. However, despite claims that the Web will revolutionise education, many attempts at Web-based education simply reinforce current 'poor' teaching practices or present more of the same disguised in updated packaging. We argue that this occurs because of differing pedagogical assumptions and a limited understanding of how flexible learning differs fr m traditional approaches. In particular, we argue that flexible learning demands an increased focus on constructivism and the sociological aspects of teaching and learning. This chapter presents two frameworks that situate our approach to flexible learning with respect to more traditional offerings and discusses the implications for educational technology design.


A DISSERTATION
PRESENTED TO THE
FACULTY OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE
OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
RECOMMENDED FOR ACCEPTANCE BY THE
DEPARTMENT OF
ECONOMICS


This article describes the findings of a study aimed at producing a set of cultural literacy-oriented critical reading teaching material. This teaching material is developed as a countermeasure to the increasingly thin sensitivity of society, especially the students toward the noble values of religion, custom, and culture. With this teaching material students get a critical understanding of the discourse with the content of the noble value of Indonesian culture. The understanding is attained by students through active reader strategy with critical reading question technique 501. The implementation of development of this teaching material is based on the stages of Design Based Research. The data is obtained through expert scales and trials to junior high school students in Bandung. The result of this research is a critical reading textbook based on cultural literacy with active reader strategy that is effective to be used for junior high school students. The implication of this research is the students' sensitivity to the noble values of religion, custom, and culture that can be internalized in their lives.


Because an individual's fitness is determined by his performance relative to that of intraspecifics, an individual can increase fitness by improving his own performance or by inhibiting the performance of other individuals. The amount of adaptive value due solely to inhibiting others is the major question dealt with here. The fitness of inhibitors is increased only to the degree to which they reduce the average performance of all noninhibitors in the population, not by the degree to which they reduce the performance of the specific individuals they actually inhibit. Thus, the adaptiveness of inhibition is directly proportional to the fraction of noninhibitors that is affected. Therefore, the adaptive value of inhibitory traits is frequency dependent and is lowest when the trait is rare. Even if inhibition is done at no cost to the inhibitor, the adaptive value of inhibiting is probably so low when the trait first appears in large populations (and hence is very rare) that selection would in many (most?) cases be too weak to keep the trait from being lost by drift. Consideration of a cost factor shows that the cost of inhibiting must be infinitesimally small if selection in large populations is to favor inhibition, even if the losses suffered by individuals that are inhibited are much greater than the cost the inhibitor pays for his inhibition. Even if inhibitory traits become common in a population, the situation is always unstable because individuals that develop resistance to inhibition, but do not themselves practise inhibition always have a higher fitness than inhibitors.


In recent years, "Fengqiao Experience" has become a banner in the grass-roots social governance work in our country. It reflects the best style of grass-roots governance with Chinese characteristics and the practical value of implementing the strategic deployment of "comprehensively governing the country according to law". Therefore, any measures that can give full play to the value of "Fengqiao experience" are worth promoting in the grass-roots social governance work. For this reason, this paper makes a systematic study on the role of Fengqiao Experience in grass-roots social governance and the specific ways to achieve it, hoping to comprehensively promote the overall sinking of the rule of law in China with the help of Fengqiao Experience, and promote the establishment and implementation of democratic mechanism and diversified conflict resolution mechanism.


Adipokinetic hormone (AKH), corzazonin (CRZ) and the AKH/CRZ-related peptide (ACP) are peptides considered homologous to the vertebrate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). All three Aedes aegypti GnRH-related neuropeptide receptors have been characterized and functionally deorphanized, which individually exhibit high specificity for their native ligands, which prompted us to investigate the contribution of ligand structures in conferring receptor specificity. In the current study, we designed a series of analogs based on the native ACP sequence in A. aegypti and screened them against the ACP receptor using a heterologous system to identify critical residues required for receptor activation. Specifically, analogs lacking the carboxy-terminal amidation, replacing aromatic residues, as well as truncated analogs were either completely inactive or had very low activities even at high concentration. The next most critical residues were the polar threonine in position 3 and the blocked amino-terminal pyroglutamate, with activity of the latter partially recovered using an alternatively blocked analog. ACP analogs with alanine substitutions at position 2 (valine), 5 (serine), 6 (arginine) and 7 (aspartic acid) positions were less detrimental as were replacements of charged residues. Interestingly, replacing asparagine with an alanine at position 9, creating a C-terminal WAA-amide, resulted in a 5-fold more active analog which may be useful as a lead superagonist compound. Similarly, we utilized this high-throughput approach against an A. aegypti AKH receptor (AKHR-IA) testing a number of mostly naturally-occurring AKH analogs from other insects to determine how substitutions of specific amino acids in the AKH ligand influences receptor activation. AKH analogs having single substitutions compared to the endogenous A. aegypti AKH revealed position 7 (serine) was well tolerated whereas changes to position 6 (proline) had pronounced effects, with receptor activity compromised nearly ten-fold. Substitution of position 3 (threonine) or analogs with combinations of substitutions were quite detrimental with a significant decrease in AKHR-IA activation. Interestingly, analogs with an asparagine residue at position seven displayed improved receptor activation compared to the native mosquito AKH. Collectively, these results advance our understanding of how two GnRH-related systems in A. aegypti sharing the most recent evolutionary origin sustain independence of function and signalling despite their relatively high degree of ligand and receptor homology.


In his The Economic Consequences of the Peace, John Maynard Keynes wrote: "The great events of history are often due to secular changes in the growth of population and other fundamental economic causes, which, escaping by their gradual character the notice of contemporary observers, are attributed to the follies of statesmen or the fanaticism of atheists." Keynes' brilliant polemic attacking the Versailles Treaty at the conclusion of the First World War has a haunting relevance to the unfolding contemporary drama of the search for a peace settlement in the Middle East. Whereas the statesmen at Versailles presided over the restructuring of a destroyed Europe, the statesmen at Camp David have sought to devise a compact designed to avoid yet another round of destruction which could make even the devastation of the First World War seem pale. It was Keynes' conviction that the task of the Peace conference was "to honor engagements and to satisfy justice; but not less to re-establish life and to heal wounds." His focus therefore was the establishment of economic rewards that could facilitate and reinforce the dynamics of the peace process. The subsequent hyperinflation in Germany, the eventual collapse of the world economic system during the Great Depression, and the final catastrophe of the Second World War, attest to the failure of these efforts. It was not until the creation of the enlightened Marshall Plan that the nations of


Background: Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare and life-threatening disease characterized by complement-mediated hemolysis and thrombosis. Pegcetacoplan (PEG) is the first FDA/EMA-approved C3 complement-inhibitor that provides broad hemolysis control in patients with PNH. Aims: Aims: This is the first report from the PRINCE trial on the efficacy of PEG in control arm rescue patients using a post hoc time-aligned analysis. Methods: Methods: PRINCE is a phase 3, randomized, open-label study, that evaluates the efficacy of PEG in improving lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in patients with PNH. 53 adult (≥18 years old), complement-inhibitor naïve (no prior eculizumab/ravulizumab) patients with LDH ≥1.5x the upper limit of normal (ULN) (≥339 U/L) and Hb below the lower limits of normal (LLN) (males: ≤13.6 g/dL; females: ≤12.0 g/dL), were enrolled. Patients were randomized


The case was 57-year-old male with the past history of post-operation of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) at 11 years old. For dental problems, he visited a dentist and was diagnosed as periodontal diseases (PD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with 7.8% of HbA1c. His teeth showed moderate to severe PD and chronic periapical periodontitis due to carious teeth. He was treated for PD and T2DM in dental and internal medicine departments of the hospital. As our formula meal, super low carbohydrate diet (LCD) with 12% of carbohydrate ratio was started. Then, his weight decreased from 100kg to 90 kg in 3 months and HbA1c decreased from 7.8% to 5.4% in 4 months with normalized C-reactive protein (CRP) value. His clinical progress was satisfactory with effective results of dental treatment and LCD. Recent consensus guidelines by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) recommend the both treatments of PD and diabetes by dentist and internist together. Authors have continued clinical practice and research for years concerning LCD through Japan LCD promotion association (JLCDPA). This case would become some reference from PD and diabetic points of view.


The Tidal power is a type of hydropower that captures the power of the tides to generate electricity and perhaps other sources of energy. Tidal power, while not widely been using presently, it has potential to deliver electricity in the upcoming years. Tidal energy is a type of gravitational hydropower that uses flow of water to accelerate a turbine as well as generate energy. Researchers have discussed the various types of tidal energy and also the performance of various researchers in this field in this article.


The faults of the rotor vibration of a centrifugal compressor in Longyan in Fujian province were diagnosed.The type,characteristic and cause of the faults were analyzed and summarized.Applying the method of frequency spectrum analysis,some structural improvements were proposed.Its application in the past year verified that this method was advanced,simple,convenient and practical.


We study a multisource status update system with Poisson information packet arrivals and exponentially distributed service times. The server is equipped with a waiting room holding the freshest packet from each source referred to as single buffer per-source queueing (SBPSQ). The sources are assumed to be equally important, i.e., (nonweighted) average Age of Information (AoI) or average age violation probability are used as the information freshness metrics to optimize for, and subsequently, two symmetric SBPSQ-based scheduling policies are studied in this article, namely, first source first serve (FSFS) and the earliest served first serve (ESFS) policies. By employing the theory of Markov fluid queues (MFQs), an analytical model is proposed to obtain the exact distribution of the AoI for each source when the FSFS and ESFS policies are employed at the server. Additionally, a benchmark scheduling-free scheme named single buffer with replacement (SBR), which uses a single buffer to hold the freshest packet across all sources, is also studied with a similar but less complex analytical model. We comparatively study the performance of the three policies through numerical examples in terms of the average AoI and the age violation probability averaged across all sources, in a scenario of sources possessing different traffic intensities but sharing a common service time.


The optimized vacuum chamber for a future higher-energy hadron collider minimizes electron cloud build-up, outgassing from synchrotron radiation, and heat leakage to the cold mass of the superconducting magnets, while maximizing pumping efficiency and ensuring mechanical stability during a magnet quench.


Hyperpolarized Noble Gas (HNG), 3He (helium) or 129Xe (xenon), MR imaging has become a promising approach for visualizing lung anatomy and function. It has been theoretically predicted that low field strengths (0.05–0.2 T) may provide optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution for clinical HNG MR imaging. These optimum field strengths correspond to frequencies between 1.62–6.5 MHz and 0.59–2.35 MHz for 3He and 129Xe respectively. The optimum field strength depends on the size and geometry of the sample and radiofrequency (RF) coil as well as the field dependence of the HNG MR properties in the lung (e.g., relaxation times, susceptibility effects). In particular, little is known about the field dependence of the apparent transverse relaxation time, T, which is expected to strongly influence HNG signal. In this paper, a broadband (0.1–100 MHz) variable field strength MR imaging system for rodents is described. A custom-built resistive magnet was constructed and shimmed to provide the necessary homogeneity for imaging. RF coils and transmit/receive switches for different frequencies were also developed. Preliminary proton (1H) and hyperpolarized 129Xe images of test objects are presented, including a desiccated lung phantom. In vivo 129Xe signals from rat lungs were acquired at 73.5 mT and T was estimated to be approximately 80 ± 8 ms, in good agreement with previously reported values. The MR system developed should be useful for imaging rodent lungs at different field strengths to verify the expected SNR and spatial resolution possible using HNG imaging and to investigate long range diffusion and oxygen-induced transverse relaxation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 33B: 124–137, 2008


Privatization, or the transfer of functions from the public sector to the private sector (Salamon, 1989, Poole & Fixler, 1987), also necessarily entails the transfer of jobs from the public sector to the private sector For this reason, the response of public employees and unions to the privatization movement has generally been one of opposition In terms of major responses to privatization, public employees and unions have launched public relations campaigns attacking the philosophical assumptions of privatization, sought legal and other protections prohibiting privatization, and, less frequently, engaged in head-to-head competition with the private sector to retain government service delivery in-house This article looks at the latter response known generically as "public-private competition." The public-private competition practices of selected local governments in the United States are first discussed, followed by a review of the practices of local governments in the United Kingdom and governments in general in the Commonwealth of Australia. The discussion focuses on the competition strategies, personnel policies and organizational structures utilized by governments, public employees and public employee unions when engaging in public-private competition


Debris flows often cause local damage to engineering structures by exerting destructive impact forces. The debris-flow–deformable-barrier interaction is a significant issue in engineering design. In this study, a large physical flume model test device was independently designed to repeatedly reproduce the flow and impact process of debris flow. Three physical flume tests were performed to investigate the effect of barrier stiffness on the debris flow impact. The flow kinematics of debris flow with three barrier stiffness values are essentially consistent with the process of impact–run-up–falling–pile-up. The development of a dead zone provided a cushion to diminish the impact of the follow-up debris flow on the barrier. The peak impact forces were attenuated as the barrier stiffness decreased. The slight deflections of a deformable barrier were sufficiently effective for peak load attenuation by up to 30%. It showed that the decrease of the barrier stiffness had a buffer effect on the debris flow impact and attenuated the peak impact force. And with the decrease of the barrier stiffness, when the barrier was impacted by the same soil types, the recoverable elastic strain will be larger, and the strain peak will be more obvious.


Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an ubiquitous protein playing various immunological and hormonal roles. Theoretical electrophoretic coordinates calculated from protein sequence in the SWISS‐PROT database (AC P14174) are 12 kDa and pI 8.24. Using two‐dimensional (2‐D) immunoblotting, we have detected isoelectric forms at ca. 11.9 kDa, with pI values of 7.8 and 6.98 in human liver tissue, breast tissue and a cell line and in preparations of human MIF expressed in E. coli. This evidence suggests that MIF charge heterogeneity originates from a post‐translational modification not requiring euka‐ryote‐specific enzymes. We have also detected in human liver a minor immunoreactive spot at pI 6.23, which coincides with the MIF spot in the liver map in SWISS‐2DPAGE. The pI 6.23 isoform also conceivably derives from post‐translational modification, as MIF is known to be encoded in the human genome by a single copy gene.


Considering the impact of uncertain factors such as loads in optimal design, so they are described with convex models. Using the physical programming method constructs the unsatisfactory degree functions of the uncertain factors. The robustness of the objective functions is realized by minimizing the maximum of the unsatisfactory degree functions. The robustness of the restriction functions is achieved by means of the worst condition analysis method. The robustness of both the objective and the restriction functions is, carried out to the same time. The robust reliability optimization model is established based on the physical programming. The model is a nested optimal problem. The solution is introduced by the layered method. The optimal design of main girder in the crane demonstrates that the proposed method is reasonable.


Generalizing the well-known Shafarevich hyperbolicity conjecture, it has been conjectured by Viehweg that a quasi-projective manifold that admits a generically finite morphism to the moduli stack of canonically polarized varieties is necessarily of log general type. Given a quasi-projective threefold Y that admits a non-constant map to the moduli stack, we employ extension properties of logarithmic pluri-forms to establish a strong relationship between the moduli map and the minimal model program of Y: in all relevant cases the minimal model program leads to a fiber space whose fibration factors the moduli map. A much refined affirmative answer to Viehweg's conjecture for families over threefolds follows as a corollary. For families over surfaces, the moduli map can be often be described quite explicitly.
Slightly weaker results are obtained for families of varieties with trivial, or more generally semi-ample canonical bundle.


This paper for the superfine and the bulking slenderizing wool types that stretching by common wool are discussed. These new types wool characteristics that which fiber structure,shrinkage,spinnability are described. The result shows that these products with the new type wool exhibits good property in strengh,elongation,bulking etc. These products compare favorably with cashmere.


Vietnam is now one of the leading producers and exporters of important agricultural commodities, which has helped the country to have more influence in food security and trade of the region. In addition to its success in production and export, Vietnam also attracts investors and business around the world by its legal framework reform. In addition to a review on corporate performance of agri-food companies in Vietnam, an analysis of legal framework and policies affecting corporate performance of agri-food companies in Vietnam will provide a panorama on the business environment in the process of economic integration and trade liberalization.. However in the coming times, more policies adjustment and measures should be taken in order to encourage the sustainable development of agri-food companies.
Along with the economic integration and trade liberalization, Vietnam is opening its market with 100 million consumers and also business opportunities to international business and investors. Is the stock market a transparent and efficient channel for their choice? That depends not only on the legal framework, but also on the performance of Vietnamese companies that may become their partners or rivals.
Key words: Policies, Corporate Performance, Agriculture, Vietnam


Z-phenylacetaldoxime (Z-PAOx) degrading bacterium, identified as Bacillus sp. strain OxB-1, was isolated from soil after 2 months acclimation. The enzyme involved in the degradation of Z-PAOx was induced by the aldoxime and required FMN for its activity. The enzyme was partially purified from the cell-free extract of the strain and shown to catalyze the stoichiometric dehydration reaction of Z-PAOx to form phenylacetonitrile (PAN). Activities of nitrilase and amidase acting on PAN and phenylacetamide (PAAm), respectively, to form phenylacetate (PAA) were found in the strain grown on Z-PAOx. This is the first report of aldoxime dehydratase co-existing with nitrile degrading enzymes in bacteria.


This study was performed to determine the bacterial loading of Kranji Catchment and Reservoir and how this will affect planned recreational use of Kranji Reservoir. Field and laboratory work was conducted in Singapore during the month of January 2009 to characterize the concentration of bacteria at sampling locations in the drainage system of Kranji Catchment and in Kranji Reservoir. Using this data, a first-order attenuation model was constructed and used to evaluate attenuation of bacteria while traveling through the drainage network to the reservoir. GIS tools used this model to predict areas of potential concern in one specific sub-catchment of Kranji Catchment. The USEPA WASP modeling program was used to determine fate and transport of bacteria throughout Kranji Reservoir based on bacteria concentrations flowing into the reservoir. These analyses led to the recommendation that farm run-off near the reservoir was the bacterial source of greatest concern. The relatively high concentrations coupled with short travel time, which diminishes opportunity for attenuation, resulted in high concentrations reaching the reservoir. Residential areas were found to contribute high concentrations of bacteria to the catchment, but due to relatively long travel times from the sources to the main body of the reservoir, have less of an effect on the bacterial concentrations of the main reservoir. Due to the uncharacteristically dry weather Singapore experienced during January 2009, the applicability of the results of this study to wet weather conditions is uncertain. Thesis Supervisor: Peter Shanahan Title: Senior Lecturer


The utility model discloses a floor body assembly welds clamping utensil behind auspicious wind S2, the on -line screen storage device comprises a base, be provided with on the base and be used for centre gripping and the fixed fixture who constitutes each spare part of back floor body assembly, still be provided with the supporting mechanism that is used for centre gripping and fixed bolster on the base, the support is a plate punching press and buckles and form, the support includes the U -shaped body, the outside lateral buckling in both ends of U -shaped body forms and is used for carrying out the welded turn -ups with back floor body assembly, the center department of U -shaped body has seted up the mounting hole, the supporting mechanism includes the supporting seat, set up the ascending concave part that is used for the fixed bolster of opening on the supporting seat, the groove width direction of concave part is mutually perpendicular with the length direction of support, the tank bottom setting of concave part and the locating pin of pilot hole looks adaptation, turn -ups on the support is located the both ends outside of concave part respectively. Through setting up the supporting mechanism, before welding the dress, fix the support in the supporting seat, after back floor body assembly welds the dress, on the floor body assembly, realize carrying on two steps of processes operations in one set of anchor clamps after arriving scaffold weldment through the spot welder like this, improve the productivity of back row seat.


A novel stochastic optimization approach to solve multilevel thresholding problem in image segmentation using modified bacterial foraging (MBF) technique is presented. The MBF algorithm is based on the foraging behavior of E. Coli bacteria which is present in our human intestine. The proposed MBF algorithm is used to maximize Renyi's entropy function. The utility of the proposed algorithm is aptly demonstrated by considering several benchmark test images and the results are compared with those obtained from bacterial foraging particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) based methods. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm could demonstrate enhanced performance in comparison with PSO and GA in terms of solution quality and stability. Moreover, applying the proposed method to process image, the computation speed is accelerated and the quality is improved.


A case study is presented of demolition of five cylindrical reinforced concrete foundations using row-between millisecond delay and down-the-hole discontinuous charging controlled blasting method. The paper describes in detail the design of blasting parameters, the engineering operations and the safety precautions.


Natural science teachers often face a lack of interests from their students during the classes; in consequence, the students present an unexpected performance in their evaluations. This fact is, besides other reasons, connected to the way the classes are taught. We often see classes based only in expositive method and focused in resolutions of standard exercises. There are many difficulties why teachers set aside experiments and the relationship between theory and practice.
The present study checked if the thermochemistry teaching practice, in the high school, having as educational instrument an experiment of simulation of a steam engine might become in a meaningful content in view of theory of Ausubel, resulting in an actual construction of the knowledge. This case study was accomplished in a private school in Tubarao, south of Santa Catarina state, in 2017.
The obtained results showed that the study is possible and financially viable as a teaching proposal of thermochemistry contents in an interdisciplinary work about steam engines' studies. Many concepts of Chemical and Physics can be insert with a simple methodology and in an easy access to any teacher. The students had a satisfactory development in the contents and in the evaluations.


Energy plays a very important resources in social progress and eco no mic development,and has close ties with fire looked from the developmental histo ry of all nationalities in the world.The Tibetan energy culture fromed in the sp ecial ecological environment of Qing- Zang highland has very obvious national f eatures and regional features,ecological cultural significance contained in it h as an important inspiration to construction of ecological culture today.


IT HAS long been known that administration of aminopterin in early pregnancy usually causes fetal anomalies, fetal death, and miscarriage.1,2A number of years ago this drug was occasionally employed for therapeutic abortion until it was discovered that a fetus which survived to term showed serious abnormalities of development.3Probably this drug has not been employed as an abortifacient in recent years except by the very inept. The patient we present was delivered after an attempted abortion with aminopterin and showed such close resemblance to a case report by Warkany et al4as persuasively to exclude other causes for fetal damage. At the age of 4½ years she is perhaps the only living example of this syndrome; the patient of Warkany et al died at 29 hours and Meltzer's3patient survived the neonatal period but the final outcome has not been reported. Report of a Case


Introduction The ability to form a good business partnership, to successfully collaborate, has been described as a key corporate asset (Kanter, 1994). Kanter identifies eight key factors for a successful intercompany collaborative relationship. Of those eight, "information" is central to the theme of this paper. A good business partnership is an essential ingredient for a successful organisation. This paper supports partnering with a clear taxonomy of structures for collaboration. Each structure is simpler than most that exist "in real life". The lessons to be learned, however, the implications for successful management of a collaboration, are extremely practical. The exchange of business information is an essential part of a business partnership. The electronic exchange of information through an IT network, between separate organisations or between an organisation and its customers, is a part of e-business. B2B (business-to-business) e-business may be used to support successful business partnerships. B2B e-business is one aspect of the recently defined "virtual organisation", or VO. A "virtual" organisation is formed by agreement of separate organisations to collaborate, to share knowledge and expertise, in order to achieve a common purpose. A virtual organisation is a group of companies, or a group of legally separate entities, that act as though they were one. A virtual organisation consists of "member" organisations. The customer deals with what appears to be one organisation. To ensure that the customer sees only one "virtual" organisation, the member organisations coordinate their activities. The member organisations form a business partnership. They collaborate. Communication, the exchange of information, is important to an alliance, to a VO (virtual organisation). Understanding of the essential information flows between members will increase the likelihood of overall success for the virtual organisation. This paper builds on the information based (i-based) taxonomy of the virtual organisation (Lethbridge, 2000). The VO structures are now used to gain insight into the requirements for effective management of a virtual organisation. This remainder of this paper is presented in several parts: * A broad outline of the management implications that are affected by choice of a virtual organisation structure within the i-based taxonomy. Management Implications of an I-Based VO Taxonomy * The taxonomy is described with, for each structure, specific management implications and examples based on a possible "virtual university" and a car manufacturer. * Summary and conclusions. Management Implications for a VO A virtual organisation, like any other organisation, must be managed. The fact that it is "virtual", that it is a group of independent organisations acting to achieve a common purpose, has implications for VO management. These implications are listed below then briefly described. They are then applied, where relevant, in the descriptions of the VO models. * A core organisation may exist * VO members may be replaceable * Planning (when and where is it done) * Customer contact * Categories of information flows * Management must suit each member There may be a "core" organisation, one with a particular management role within the VO. The core organisation may drive the VO purpose or it may perform an essential part of the purpose. If a core organisation exists it may be difficult to replace (see next paragraph). VO member organisations may be replaceable. They may be replaceable in the sense that there may be more or less members with no effect on the overall purpose of the VO. Or they may be replaceable in that a different organisation may be brought into the VO to replace the specific function of a member that is to be removed. …


This study is a study on the development of brand identity design by the (company) Firefly Sharing Welfare Foundation, and covers the development of brand identity design from May 2018 to September 2018. Brand means an item or a combination of items, names, designs, etc., created to give a specific image to consumers and differentiate them from the services, goods offered by competitors. With so many brands to hinder consumer awareness today, it takes a brand image that distinguishes it from its competitors to remain in memory as a positive and sustainable symbolic meaning for consumers. As such, the first visual image that consumers can draw when they think of the brand is brand design, and a company should build a brand that is different from other competitors but contains a company's philosophy. This study thoroughly analyzes the characteristics and similar cases of social enterprise Sharing Welfare Foundation, and set a goal so that Firefly Sharing Welfare Foundation can develop brand identity differentiated from Welfare Foundation from a long-term perspective through a prior study. In particular, the design image was expressed and constructed with motifs symbolizing the Firefly Sharing Welfare Foundation. This has resulted in positive results such as preference for the new brand identity. It is hoped that through this study, these social enterprises can achieve their operational goals and contribute to revitalizing the community, starting with the establishment of brand identity of the Firefly Sharing Welfare Foundation.


..................................................................... [ix] ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ............................................................ [xi] 1Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation ................................................................................................................. 3 1.1.1 Workflow Resource Management ............................................................................ 4 1.1.2 Human Resource Management ................................................................................ 5 1.2 Workflow Management ............................................................................................ 9 1.3 Workflow Resource Management .......................................................................... 10 1.3.1 Organizational Model ............................................................................................. 11 1.3.2 Assignment Policy ................................................................................................... 13 1.4 Identified Issues ...................................................................................................... 14 1.5 Contributions ........................................................................................................... 18 1.6 Thesis Structure ....................................................................................................... 24 2Chapter 2: Related Work .......................................................................................... 27 2.1 Business Process Modeling Languages ................................................................... 30 2.1.1 Business Process Modeling Notation ...................................................................... 30 2.1.2 Unified Modeling Language (UML) 2.0 Activity Diagram (AD) ............................... 32 2.1.3 Petri Nets ................................................................................................................ 33 2.1.4 Event Driven Process Chain .................................................................................... 34 2.1.5 Integrated DEFinition Method 3 ............................................................................. 36 2.1.6 Extendable Enterprise Modeling Language ............................................................ 38 2.1.7 User Requirement Notation.................................................................................... 39 2.1.8 Summary of Business Process Modeling Languages .............................................. 42 2.2 Performance Evaluation Mechanisms .................................................................... 46 2.2.1 Process Centric Performance Evaluation Frameworks ........................................... 47 126.96.36.199 IBM WebSphere ........................................................................................ 47 126.96.36.199 Appian Enterprise BPM Suites .................................................................. 49 184.108.40.206 GLobal360 BPM Suite ............................................................................... 50 188.8.131.52 Tibco iProcess Suite .................................................................................. 51 184.108.40.206 Pega System Smart BPM Suite ................................................................. 52 220.127.116.11 Savvion BusinessManager Platform ......................................................... 53 2.2.2 Employees Performance Evaluation Methods ....................................................... 54 188.8.131.52 Essay Evaluation ....................................................................................... 54 126.96.36.199 Critical Incident Method ........................................................................... 56 220.127.116.11 Graphical Rating Scale .............................................................................. 57 188.8.131.52 Multi-Person Comparison ......................................................................... 59 126.96.36.199 Forced Distribution ................................................................................... 60 220.127.116.11 Management By Objective ....................................................................... 61 18.104.22.168 Balanced Scorecard .................................................................................. 62 2.2.3 Summary of Performance Evaluation Mechanisms................................................ 65 2.3 Process Improvement Theories .............................................................................. 67 2.3.1 Total Quality Management ..................................................................................... 67 2.3.2 Six Sigma ................................................................................................................. 69 2.3.3 Lean Thinking .......................................................................................................... 70 2.3.4 Business Process Reengineering ............................................................................. 71 2.3.5 Summary of Process Improvement Theories.......................................................... 73 2.4 Resource Allocation Mechanisms ........................................................................... 74 2.4.1 Staffware ................................................................................................................. 75 2.4.2 WebSphere MQ ...................................................................................................... 76 2.4.3 FLOWer ................................................................................................................... 76 2.4.4 COSA ........................................................................................................................ 77 2.4.5 iPlanet ..................................................................................................................... 78 2.4.6 jBPM ........................................................................................................................ 78 2.4.7 OpenWFE ................................................................................................................ 79 2.4.8 Enhydra Shark ......................................................................................................... 79 2.4.9 Oracle BPEL Process Manager ................................................................................ 80 2.4.10 Summary of Resource Allocation Mechanisms ...................................................... 80 3Chapter 3: Goal Modeling ......................................................................................... 83 3.1 Goal Overview ......................................................................................................... 85 3.2 Conceptual Foundation ........................................................................................... 87 3.3 Goal Modeling in Process Modeling Environment.................................................. 89 3.4 Goal Customization in the POPM Meta Model ....................................................... 94 3.4.1 POPM Meta Model Architecture ............................................................................ 94 3.4.2 Goal Schema ........................................................................................................... 96 3.4.3 Goal Customization in POPM Meta Model Architecture ........................................ 98 4Chapter 4: Agent Performance Evaluation Framework ...........................................103 4.1 Motivation ............................................................................................................. 105 4.2 Domain Knowledge Incorporation ........................................................................ 108 4.3 Framework Architecture ....................................................................................... 112 4.3.1 Goal Retrieval ........................................................................................................ 114 4.3.2 Data Extraction ..................................................................................................... 114 4.3.3 Analysis ................................................................................................................. 114 4.3.4 Feedback ............................................................................................................... 123 4.3.5 Visualization .......................................................................................................... 126 4.4 Experiments and Experiences ............................................................................... 127 5Chapter 5: Workflow Lifecycle Support for Continuous Resource Improvement ... 131 5.1 BPM Overview ....................................................................................................... 133 5.2 Standard Workflow Lifecycle ................................................................................ 134 5.2.1 Analysis Phase ....................................................................................................... 135 5.2.2 Design Phase ......................................................................................................... 136 5.2.3 Implementation Phase .......................................................................................... 137 5.2.4 Execution Phase .................................................................................................... 138 5.2.5 Evaluation Phase ................................................................................................... 139 5.3 Missing Link between Resource and Process ........................................................ 140 5.4 Workflow Lifecycle for Continuous Resource Improvement ................................ 142 5.4.1 Analysis Phase ........................................


Abstract Monetary policy with an inflation targeting rule is analyzed through a simple small-scale Post-Keynesian model that incorporates open economy issues. In contrast with previous Post-Keynesian attempts, the model embodies policy authorities that are committed not only to hitting inflation and/or output targets, but also to the achievement of the external balance. To take account of the external balance objective, we model the real exchange rate as an endogenous and moving target, with the nominal exchange rate being the instrument of that target. The model shows that in response to an adverse external shock the central bank has to consider first the required real exchange rate adjustment that will preserve the external balance, and secondly the level at which the interest rate must be set in order to maintain inflation stabilization. Keeping inflation to target requires higher interest rates and strong reliance on the unemployment channel which, under certain circumstances, also has adverse side effects on income distribution. We show that to deal with an exogenous external shock a policy mix of real exchange rate targeting and income distribution targeting outperforms inflation targeting.


The time when someone can do real, publishable mathematics completely without the aid of a computer is coming to a close; the use of computers in mathematical research is both widespread and under-acknowledged. Mathematicians use computers in a number of ways. This paper highlights the importance of mathematics and digital age in today's technological advancement; it also explains the influence of digital age on Mathematics research. Key areas where Information and Communication Technology can be applied to Mathematical research are discussed. To demonstrate the use of computer program on Mathematical analysis, some problems were solved analytically and were also solved using computer programs (Mathlab and Python). These two procedures are compared and it is clearly shown that using computer packages to solve Mathematical problems are more efficient, easier and accurate.


Under the impetus of the computer technology, network communication technology and digital technology, digital publishing has been developing rapidly. However, digital publishing unit will face many risks while digital publishing provides opportunities for them. Fortunately, some countermeasures can be taken to avoid the risks. This paper will discuss risks and countermeasures of digital publishing unit.


A selective herbicide IPC (o-isopropyl-N-phenlycarbamate) causes contraction of chromosomes in the prophase, metaphase, and anaphase stages of mitosis in cells of treated root tips. Effective concentrations in aqueous solution lie between 2.5 and 50 ppm, and effective times between 1 and 4 hr, depending upon the species of plant. A suggested starting combination is 10 ppm for 2 hr. This compound is effective in causing contraction of chromosomes in a wide range of plant species, as well as enhancing separation in acetocarmine and aceto-orcein squashes in many cases. Possibly, it may produce similar results in species which have been found to be unaffected by colchicine, 8-hydroxyquinoline, p-dichlorobenzene, and other commonly used chemicals.


Several reports appear in the literature linking low temperature damage in plants with boron (B) deficiency and alleviation of low temperature injury with B application has been reported in some crops and trees. These results imply that low temperature might increase plant B requirements, beside the reduction of B uptake by plant roots, or that low B tissues might be more sensitive to cold temperature damage than B adequate tissues. In controlled experiments, it has been shown that low root zone temperature (RZT) induces B deficiency in cassava, a tropical root crop. Apart from this, there are few definitive detailed investigations on low temperature effects on B nutrition of plants, including temperate species which are more tolerant of low temperature. Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), a crop sensitive to low B supply, is a major crop in the middle and lower Yangtse river basin, China, where low B soils are widespread. Appearance of B deficiency in oilseed rape often coincides with cold weather during its winter and spring growth. However, the incidence and severity of B deficiency of oilseed rape plants and the efficacy of B fertilization varies from year to year and location to location in ways that are not explained simply by differences in cultivar, agronomy or soil B levels. Low temperature is probably one of the important environmental factors influencing growth and yield of oilseed rape in relation to B nutrition.


The purpose of this study is to investigate teaching efficacy among a group of college student- teachers. Data were collected using a 12-item questionnaire with a sample size of 442 student-teachers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the degree of teaching efficacy, while differences among relevant groups were analyzed using an independent sample t-test and ANOVA. The use of bivariate correlations enables the study to explore the relationship between teaching efficacy, cumulative grade point average (CGPA) and teaching practice grades. Findings indicate that the majority of respondents have a high level of teaching efficacy. Most student-teachers are efficacious in instructional strategies followed by in student engagement and classroom management. Student-teachers who enter through diploma qualification have shown significantly higher teaching efficacy compared to matriculation or STPM holders. The study reports no significant gender difference in teaching efficacy. Contrary to popular belief, CGPA, not teaching efficacy, is significantly correlated with teaching practice grades. Several implications, as well as suggestions for future research, are also discussed.


What are the benefits of TCVs? Compared to the Vi capsular polysaccharide and oral live attenuated typhoid vaccines, TCVs have longer-lasting protection, require fewer doses, and are suitable for children 6 months of age and older, allowing delivery through routine childhood immunization programs. Expanded use of TCVs through routine immunization has the potential to reduce the need for antibiotics, slow further emergence of drug-resistant typhoid strains, and save lives. TYPHIBEV®: Questions and answers


This paper is referring to the database of the resistance of wheat to stripe rust. There were involved 20 000 cultivars, 360 000 identification results, 500 race frequencies. Those data of resistance to wheat stripe rust were obtained from Institute of Plant Protection, Shaanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences.Based on these data, we have built up wheat germplasm resources resistance to wheat stripe rust database management system on the object-oriented programming (OOP) Delphi 3.0 from 1997 to 1999. The system consisted of 4 models, including data input, data query, data modify and statistic analysis. This system can help researches to breed wheat cultivars resistance to wheat stripe rust and manage to distribute wheat cultivars properly.


A 78-year-old man with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation presents to his family physician three weeks before a transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy. His history includes hypertension and type 2 diabetes. He has no history of congestive heart failure, stroke


The Highly Active Liquid Effluent Storage (HALES) plant stores, concentrates and conditions Highly Active Liquor (HAL) in evaporators for buffer storage in Highly Active Storage Tanks (HAST). Highly Active (HA) evaporators play a pivotal role in the delivery of reprocessing, historic clean up and hazard reduction missions across the Sellafield site. In addition to the engineering projects implemented to extend the life expectation of the current evaporator fleet, the UK Nuclear Decommissioning Agency (NDA) is sponsoring the construction of a new HA evaporator (Evaporator D) on the Sellafield site. The design and operation of the new HA evaporator is based on existing/recent HA evaporator technology but learning from past operational experience. Operational experience has been a key area where the existing plant operators have influenced both the new design itself and the requirements for commissioning and training. Many of the learning experiences require relatively simple engineering design modifications such as a new internal washing provision and transfer line blockage recovery systems, they are never-the-less expected to significantly improve the flexibility and operational capability of the new evaporator. Issues that the project delivery team has addressed as part of the development of the design and construction have included: • Minimising interruptions and/or changes to the normal operations of interfacing plants during construction, commissioning and operation of the new facility. • Modularisation of the plant, enabling fabrication of the majority of the plant equipment off-site within a workshop (as opposed to on-site) environment improving Quality Assurance and reducing on-Site testing needs. • Drawing out the balance between operational and corrosion resistance improvements with actual design and delivery needs. • Provision of a new facility reliant on the infrastructure of an existing and ageing facility and the competing demands of the related safety cases.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


We propose a separation guided speaker diarization (SGSD) approach by fully utilizing a complementarity of speech separation and speaker clustering. Since the conventional clustering-based speaker diarization (CSD) approach cannot well handle overlapping speech segments, we investigate, in this study, separation-based speaker diarization (SSD) which inherently has the potential to handle the speaker overlap regions. Our preliminary analysis shows that the state-of-the-art Conv-TasNet based speech separation, which works quite well on the simulation data, is unstable in realistic conversational speech due to the high mismatch speaking styles in simulated training speech and read speech. In doing so, separation-based processing can assist CSD in handling the overlapping speech segments under the realistic mismatched conditions. Specifically, several strategies are designed to select between the results of SSD and CSD systems based on an analysis of the instability of the SSD system performances. Experiments on the conversational telephone speech (CTS) data from DIHARD-III Challenge show that the proposed SGSD system can significantly improve the performance of state-of-the-art CSD systems, yielding relative diarization error rate reductions of 20.2% and 20.8% on the development set and evaluation set, respectively.


In today's scenario, Insurance Companies must move from merely selling Insurance to marketing it as an essential financial product. The distributors play a dual role – as trusted financial advisors for the clients and trusted business associates for the Insurance companies. An insurer needs to think about the appropriate distribution channel to reach its target customer as well as the product that it is going to sell. The choice of customer and the nature of product will influence the distribution structure. However in India, joint ventures are formed such that distribution structures are often pre-determined by the nature of partners. For instance, if one of the partners in a tie-up is a bank, the focus is commonly on bancassurance whereas if the joint venture is one with a corporate house, invariably the majority business is through the agency channel. This implies that the insurer's decision on product features; pricing and target market will necessarily be influenced by the distribution structure that the joint venture is endowed with. Keeping in mind the importance of distribution channels in life insurance industry the present research consists of a study of concept of insurance, distribution channels of life insurance and also a survey has been done by the researcher to know preferences of customers towards choice of distribution channels like insurance advisors, bancassurance, brokers, corporate agents etc. for buying insurance plans.


We have investigated the formation of polycrystalline TiN and amorphous TiN x O y films using laser physical (LPVD) and laser chemical (LCVD) vapor deposition techniques. The LPVD method involved the ablation of a TiN hot pressed pellet and Ti in the presence of nitrogen plasma using nanosecond XeCl excimer laser pulses (wavelength 308nm, pulse duration 45×10 −9 seconds, and energy density ∼4-5 Jcm −2 ). The films were polycrystalline (average grain size ∼100A) with face-centered-cubic structure and lattice constant of 4.25A. The average grain size remained constant as the substrate temperature ranged from 25 to 550°C. In the LCVD method, a pulsed CO 2 laser beam was used to crack TiCl 4 and NH 3 and form TiN films. Amorphous TiN x O y films were formed under poor vacuum conditions in the LPVD techniques. These amorphous TiN x O y films often exhibited explosive recrystallization with characteristic star patterns. Resistivity and microhardness measurements were made on these films and these results have been correlated with microstructure and chemical composition.


Seasonal news is a task correspondent encountered always,is also reported often by the media.Seasonal news reflcets line policy of our party and our country, especially the common people daily life and the situation of manufacture.We should have a breakthrough,shouldn't go astray and strive to innovate.


We consider the following load balancing process for $m$ tokens distributed arbitrarily among $n$ nodes connected by a complete graph: In each time step a pair of nodes is selected uniformly at random. Let $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ be their respective number of tokens. The two nodes exchange tokens such that they have $\lceil(\ell_1 + \ell_2)/2\rceil$ and $\lfloor(\ell_1 + \ell_2)/2\rfloor$ tokens, respectively. We provide a simple analysis showing that this process reaches almost perfect balance within $O(n\log{n} + n \log{\Delta})$ steps, where $\Delta$ is the maximal initial load difference between any two nodes.


OBJECTIVE
To assess, by means of meta-analysis techniques for diagnostic tests, the accuracy of dermoscopic (also known as dermatoscopy and epiluminescence microscopy) diagnosis of melanoma performed by experienced observers vs. naked-eye clinical examination.

DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, EMBASE, PASCAL-BIOMED, and BIUM databases were screened through May 31, 2000, without any language restrictions.

STUDY SELECTION
Original studies were selected when the following criteria were met: spectrum of lesions well described, histologic findings as standard criterion, and calculated or calculable sensitivity and specificity. Eight of 672 retrieved references were retained.

DATA EXTRACTION
Three investigators extracted data. In case of disagreement, consensus was obtained. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to describe the central tendency of the studies, and to compare dermoscopy and clinical examination.

DATA SYNTHESIS
Selected studies represented 328 melanomas, mostly less than 0.76 mm thick, and 1865 mostly melanocytic benign pigmented skin lesions. For dermoscopic diagnosis of melanoma, the sensitivity and specificity ranges were 0.75 to 0.96 and 0.79 to 0.98, respectively. Dermoscopy had significantly higher discriminating power than clinical examination, with respective estimated odds ratios of 76 (95% confidence interval, 25-223) and 16 (95% confidence interval, 9-31) (P =.008), and respective estimated positive likelihood ratios of 9 (95% confidence interval, 5.6-19.0) and 3.7 (95% confidence interval, 2.8-5.3). The roles of the number of lesions analyzed, the percentage of melanoma lesions, the instrument used, and dermoscopic criteria used in each study could not be proved.

CONCLUSION
For experienced users, dermoscopy is more accurate than clinical examination for the diagnosis of melanoma in a pigmented skin lesion.


Poetry for children is a literary genre with its own characteristics, both in the form and in the content, which plays an important social role in all cultures. Firstly, we propose an analysis of the main characteristics of poetry for children in the Sephardic oral tradition. The second part of the article is devoted to the study of the lullabies and nursery rhymes composed by two contemporary authors, Beatriz Mazliah and Ada Gattegno Saltiel, who write poetry for children in Judeo-Spanish in a moment when this language is close to extinction. The question asked is what the cultural significance of writing poetry for children in a language which is no longer spoken by children is.


In 1959 Edgar Asplund presented a geometric lemma that largely anticipated many results on the structure of inverses of band matrices. In this note we discuss an extension of Asplund's lemma that addresses the concept of generalized inverse,in particular the Moore-Penrose inverse.


D URING the past several years the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, in cooperation with the Division of Tobacco and Plant Nutrition, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, has had under way a project to produce by hybridization and selection a strain of Burley tobacco resistant to root rot caused by Thielavia basicola. Incidental to this investigation certain data pertaining to inheritance of disease resistance was obtained. The purpose of this paper is to present these data, together with a brief discussion of them. Studies by Johnson and Hartman (~)~ and by Johnson (2,3) shown the importance of various environmental factors in the development of root rot in tobacco as well as the feasibility of breeding tobacco resistant to this disease.


The utility model relates to a heat exchange fin tube, which is composed of a core tube and double helical fins which are welded on the core tube in the method of helical cold winding or vertical winding. The adoption of a U-shaped fin structure enables the bottom edges of the fins not easy to slip and change in the course of winding and operating. The cheap resistance welding, etc., can be adopted to weld. Because the contact area of the fin tube and the core tube is large and the heat resistance is small, the heat exchange efficiency is high. The utility model has the advantages of small equipment investment, high productive efficiency, simple structure and easy fabrication, and is an ideal heat exchange element.


Recall that in biological experiments only relatively short segments of the DNA can be investigated. To investigate the structure of a long DNA molecule, the DNA is broken into smaller fragments that can be studied more easily by biological experiments. For instance, physical mapping aims at ordering these fragments based on overlap information obtained from hybridization experiments with a set of probes.


The invention discloses an array substrate. The array substrate comprises a flexible substrate body. The flexible substrate body is provided with a plurality of rows of scanning lines and a plurality of columns of data lines. A plurality of pixel units on the flexible substrate body are defined through crossing of the scanning lines and the data lines, the flexible substrate body is further provided with a plurality of rows of first signal lines and a plurality of columns of second signal lines. Conductor layers are arranged in the pixel units on the flexible substrate body and connected with the second signal lines of the columns where the corresponding conductor layers are located to be used for generating electric signals related to the bending degree of the array substrate and used for outputting the electric signals through the second signal lines under the drive of signals on the first signal lines. The invention further discloses a display panel and a bending degree detection method thereof. According to the array substrate, the display panel and the bending degree detection method, the conductor layers are additionally arranged in the pixel units, real-time detection of the bending degree of the display panel can be achieved, the application range is wide, the cost is low, and the display effect is improved beneficially.


References 1 Heizmann M, Itin P, Wernli M, et al. Successful treatment of paraneoplastic pemphigus in follicular NHL with rituximab: report of a case and review of treatment for paraneoplastic pemphigus in NHL and CLL. Am J Hematol 2001; 66: 142–144. 2 Chavez-Alvarez S, Villarreal-Martinez A, Ocampo-Candiani J, et al. Cutaneous manifestations of Castleman disease. Int J Dermatol 2020; 59: 1226–1240. 3 Maillet-Lebel N, Thibeault MM. Intralesional rituximab for cutaneous manifestations of systemic B-cell lymphoma. JAAD Case Rep 2016; 2: 334–336. 4 Vinay K, Kanwar AJ, Mittal A, et al. Intralesional rituximab in the treatment of refractory oral pemphigus vulgaris. JAMA Dermatol 2015; 151: 878–882. 5 Iraji F, Danesh F, Faghihi G, et al. Comparison between the efficacy of intralesional rituximab versus intralesional triamcinolone in the treatment refractory Pemphigus Vulgaris lesions: A randomized clinical trial. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73: 94–97.


In order to truly understand 'user' experiences of intelligent buildings, a research and development framework must be developed that takes into account the discontinuities between AmI and previous technologies, as well as producing rich and detailed knowledge of the 'user', embedded in the historical, socio-political and cultural context of his/her life. In addition, the mechanics of 'creative misuse' of technology must be better understood, in order to extrapolate from past technologies to 'intelligent agents' and their use in intelligent buildings. This paper represents an initial attempt to formulate such a framework, with particular reference to understanding the distinguishing features of intelligent buildings, and how they could influence 'user' needs, attitudes and behaviour. Introduction Longitudinal studies of consumer behaviour have shown that the motives of behaviour change little over time, but the mode of provision and enabling technologies frequently do change. For example people always want to communicate, whether it's by face-to-face, fax, email, telephone or SMS messages. This understanding enables the generation of innovative propositions for new products and services primarily inspired by consumer observations rather than by iterative technological improvements. Social and person-centred research into the effects of new technologies has developed incrementally over the past twenty years or so. That is, each new technological development has required an adaptation of existing RD it is no longer excusable to concentrate on the 'usability' of the 'interface' and hope that this will pass as 'customer understanding'. People will live as they have always lived in an AmI environment, therefore the technology will have to adapt to them rather than designers relying on users' having to become familiar with the technology in order to fulfil a need that they have. AmI is pervasive, and because of this pervasiveness, our approach to 'users' or 'customers' will have to change. In order to research people's reactions to AmI and associated issues, it must also be understood that a 'fluid' method of investigation is required, one that presumes very little in the way of In Proceedings of the 2005 IEE International Workshop on Intelligent Environments, Colchester (IE05), Colchester, UK, 28-29th June 2005.


Introduction: Rabbinic Sacramentalism? It is no news to announce that in rabbinic Judaism learning and study are holy, even sanctifying activities. But what is gained by asserting, as I do in the title of this essay, that aspects of classical rabbinic learning, particularly its insistence on the oral mastery of textual material, are usefully described as not merely 'sanctifying' but 'sacramental' acts? It would seem that to speak of any aspect of rabbinic Judaism in terms of sacramentalism is to confuse the boundaries between rabbinic/Judaic piety and the rather distinct ritual piety of what ultimately became orthodox Christianity. Yet that is precisely my plan. More than a few scholars in recent years have argued that the clean line distinguishing rabbinic Judaism from the early patristic traditions of Christianity is rather more the making of modern scholarship than it is a fact of life 'on the ground' in late Antiquity. I share their stance. The point of the present essay, however, is not to sow confusion about the boundaries between Christianity and Judaism in the early centuries of the Common Era. Rather, it is to clarify ways in which


Abstract : The audit objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness of DoD environmental consequence analyses of major Defense acquisition programs and to assess compliance with provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and internal controls related to the objectives. The V-22 Osprey was one program in the audit of the Effectiveness of DoD Environmental Consequence Analyses of Major Defense Acquisition Programs.


Thymomas in pregnancy are very rare. Invasive thymomas represent only about 0.2-1.5% of all malignancies. We present here a case

of invasive thymoma in pregnancy which ended up being fatal. Since dyspnoea in pregnancy is likely to be attributed to physiological changes during pregnancy, an underlying pathology can be

easily missed. KEY WORDS: Thymoma, Mediastinal Mass, Immuno-histochemistry, Dyspnoea in Pregnancy


The present invention discloses a vertical axis two holes center distance measuring method and measuring tools, using comparative measurements, press the measured hole measuring spindle and the auxiliary spindle production, measuring the mandrel head rotatably disposed right-angled lever, mounted tail a dial indicator with extended probe, the trailing end side of a positioning support lever; use, so that while rotating the first lever is perpendicular to the measuring axis of the mandrel, the dial indicator zero, then the measurement of the core and the auxiliary mandrel measured two shaft insertion hole, the insertion depth of the former is controlled by the positioning support lever, when the rotation of the auxiliary lever on the other side of the mandrel against the natural, indicator reading will reflect the deviation of the center distance of the two holes. The present invention for measuring vertical axis two holes center distance, easy operation, high efficiency measurement error is small, especially for bulk products detected engine block.


T he "Note" would have "Symmetry's" "propounder" assume an "enormous burden of proof." Yet the Woods have before them a diagram. What is it, if not proof? It presents a tripod, that most efficient burden-bearing structure. But the burden of proof, however "enormous," is misplaced: rather than placing the load of proof on the author, the burden of disproof falls on those who would challenge its validity. And this gets to the nub of the matter: why should historical data undermine a symbolic form? Clarify it? Yes. Amplify it? Yes. But disprove it? We are told Apollo speaks by signs; here is the sign: the tripod stands—at the centre of the Greek cosmos. Moving to specifics, for purposes of my rejoinder it may be helpful to list the claims of the "Note" and then have a go at setting them straight.


Sexual differentiation is a feature of our world and human life that is of great interest to some theorists and should be of interest to more. For those who see such differentiation in a positive light, and not merely as a limitation, grounding sexual difference in a metaphysicaltheological framework, such as Trinitarian theology, is quite tempting. But such a project has many pitfalls; the impetus to hasty description and elevation of social prejudices to metaphysical truths is almost overwhelming. The essay tracks some of these pitfalls as they occur in Murphy's paper and in the works of her main inspirations, Hans Urs von Balthasar and Pope John Paul II.


We studied the nucleon and diquarks in a nonlocal Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. For certain parameters the model exhibits quark confinement in the form of a propagator without real poles. After truncation of the two-body channels to the scalar and axial-vector diquarks, a relativistic Faddeev equation for nucleon bound states was solved in the covariant diquark-quark picture. The dependence of the nucleon mass on diquark masses was studied in detail. We found parameters that lead to a simultaneous reasonable description of pions and nucleons. Both the diquarks contribute attractively to the nucleon mass. Axial-vector diquark correlations are seen to be important, esp. in the confining phase of the model. We studied the possible implications of quark confinement for the description of the diquarks and the nucleon. In particular, we found that it leads to a more compact nucleon. [on SciFinder (R)]


D.T. is supported by a PhD grant from F.C. Gulbenkian, n.o 104495. This work was financed by FEDER through POFC–COMPETE and national funds from FCT PEst-C/BIA/UI4050/2011


A novel compact planar multiband multiple‐input multiple‐out (MIMO) antenna based on composite right/left handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL) for mobile phone applications is presented in this article. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of two asymmetric antenna elements and two‐sided shorted ground, which is designed by zeroth‐order resonant theory to achieve compact performance. The proposed antenna elements cover the communication bands in 698–960 MHz and 1710–2690 MHz with the planar size of 16 × 56 mm2 and 12 × 56 mm2, respectively. Acceptable agreement between simulated and experimental results over the desired operating bands is observed. The envelop correlation coefficients are calculated by the S parameters.


Freshwater mussels are one of the most endangered animal groups globally, making them a high conservation priority. Conservationists increasingly employ translocation or captive breeding procedures to support ailing populations, and the ecosystem engineering capabilities of mussels are being increasingly harnessed in bioremediation projects. However, there is little consideration of the risk of pathogen transmission when moving mussels from hatcheries or wild donor populations into new habitats. This is of significant concern as recent developments suggest parasites and diseases are highly prevalent and have contributed to several mass population‐level die‐offs. Here, we explicitly highlight the risks of pathogen spread in mussel translocations, explore how these risks are mediated, and provide recommendations for both research and action to avoid the inadvertent spread of virulent pathogens when conserving vulnerable mussel populations. While targeted at freshwater conservationists, this perspective has relevance for considering translocation‐mediated disease and parasite spread in any study system.


An intelligent,real-time anti-theft system constitutes by RFID module,GSM module and Microcontroller based on RFID. Mainly,the interface of the microcontroller and the RFID module AS3992,the GSM module TC35 i are introduced.The working principle and the design of the software and hardware are introduced too. This anti-theft system can alarm by voice and flash on the scene,and send a short message to user's phone or specific other phone at the same time.


Brookfield viscosimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and measurements of the texture strength of gels formed with CaCl2 and the mechanical and barrier properties of the film were applied in studies of gel formation and structural and mechanical properties of gels and films prepared using calcium caseinate (CC)-whey protein isolate (WPI)-glycerol (1:1:1), control, and irradiated with 60Co gamma rays using a 32 kGy dose. The irradiated gels have appeared to be more "fine-stranded" as compared to the more "particulate" control gels and lead to the formation of more rigid films with improved mechanical strength and barrier properties. This results from cross-linking and the modification of protein conformations were induced by irradiation, in particular the increase in the beta-sheet and beta-strand contents. Structural modifications taking place in CC-WPI composition are related to modifications taking place separately in CC and WPI. Improvement of the properties of the films after irradiation corresponds to the increased density of the cross-linked material because no change in the porosity of the films was observed by TEM.


Daughter nodules and intrahepatic metastases are resistant to conventional transcatheter arterial embolization therapy. To clarify the mechanism of this resistance, the boundaries of hepatocellular carcinomas and their relationship to the blood supply were studied. The boundaries of the hepatocellular carcinomas studied were classified as one of five types: encapsulated, granulation, stromal, replacing, or sinusoidal. The granulation and stromal types had a capsule‐like structure, but lacked the hyalinization which is the hallmark of a true tumor capsule. The granulation and stromal types could also be differentiated from the encapsulated types because of their different blood supplies and the differing effects of transcatheter arterial embolization. When barium sulfate was infused into the portal vein, it did not enter into encapsulated tumors, but it entered granulation and stromal type tumors. Small nodules such as daughter nodules and intrahepatic metastases do not have capsules, and so have a blood supply that makes them resistant to conventional transcatheter arterial ebolization therapy.


Introduction Short-acting benzodiazepines are often the first choice drugs in the pharmacological treatment of insomnia, particularly in subjects who live a normal daily working life. Day-time sedation, which impairs mental and physical performance, is in fact one of the major drawbacks of benzodiazepines with a longer half-life. Recently temazepam, one of the shortacting benzodiazepines, has been made available for therapeutic use as a 1% solution in polyethileneglicole (PEG) supplied in soft gelatin capsules. Its pharmacokinetic profile makes it particularly suitable as a sleepinducing agent. The mean plasma levels reach 80% of the peak value as soon as 20 minutes after oral administration, and the drug has a half-life of 6-8 hours (Fucceila 1979). It is eliminated in the urine as the g1ucuronide, forming virtually no active metabolites. On the basis of its pharmacokinetic pattern, with the administration selectivity commonly used in the treatment of insomnia, no cumulation phenomena are usually observed (Fuccella 1979). At the therapeutic dosage, the drug does not give rise to much detectable hang-over the next day (Hindmarch 1975, Hindmarch 1976, Fowler 1977), and even in geriatric patients it appears well tolerated and relatively free from 'morning-after' effects (Middleton 1978). The main aim of this study was to assess the sleep-inducing activity of temazepam and any residual sedation it caused, in comparison with nitrazepam, still a widely used and well documented hypnotic drug. Material and Methods To be eligiblefor the trial, subjects had to have sleep disturbances involving difficulty in falling asleep (onset of sleep longer than 45 minutes) and/or early awakening or mixed type insomnia. Patients with hepatic or renal failure, painful conditions which might interfere with sleep, or the need for concomitant major psychotropic drug or anticonvulsant treatment were excluded. Pregnant women were also not included. Thirty-six subjects were selected, nineteen males and seventeen females, mean age 44·5 years (range 30-59 years). Thirty per cent of these subjects suffered from moderately severe sleep disturbance, and the rest suffered from slight sleep disturbance. The main complaint on admission was the difficulty in falling asleep, the average time required being 65 minutes (range 50-120); the total duration of sleep was on average 6 hours (range 5-7). Only three of these patients were already receiving sleep-inducing or anxiolytic drugs, and these were withdrawn the day before starting the trial. In none of these patients was insomnia a symptom of psychiatric disease, and they were all in hospital for internal medical disorders, mainly involving the cardiovascular system. Basic therapy for these ailments remained unchanged throughout this study. All participants gave their informed consent to taking part in the trial. The three treatments under investigation, namely 20 mg temazepam in soft gelatin capsules", 5 mg nitrazepam in


The article discusses novel data on vaginal microbiome composition, risk factors, occurrence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, modification of therapeutic approaches, and prevention of recurrences of bacterial vaginosis. Recent published data demonstrate that epidemiological profile of bacterial vaginosis is similar to that of sexually transmitted infections. Moreover, women with bacterial vaginosis have 2.7-fold higher relative risk of sexually transmitted infections. According to the conceptual pathogenic model, the major causative agent of bacterial vaginosis is Gardnerella vaginalis. However, its virulent properties manifest in the presence of other microbes. Immune-mediated mechanisms of bacterial vaginosis and inflammatory response were identified. It was demonstrated that Amsel criteria and culturing are not diagnostically relevant any more. Currently, vaginal smear microscopy and Nugent's score are of primary importance. Treatment approaches to bacterial vaginosis (regarding recent studies on antimicrobial efficacy) should include broad-spectrum agents (considering polymicrobial etiology of bacterial vaginosis) which contain high dosages of active ingredients (due to the potential antimicrobial resistance, in particular, in recurrent bacterial vaginosis) and with minimal inhibitory effect on lactobacilli.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: autostereoscopic display device includes a display image forming unit which provides at least two optical functions, specifically a display image formation function and a brightness non-uniformity reduction function. The display image formation function is provided by an array of parallel lenticular lenses arranged on the entire display image forming unit and having a first period. The brightness non-uniformity reduction function scatters output display pixel signals such that brightness non-uniformities caused by display of a non-transparent array are reduced. The brightness non-uniformity reduction function sets a second period on the entire display image forming unit which is less than the first period, and further sets an effective scattering angle in a plane perpendicular to axes of display image forming elements, basically equal to or less than the angle between neighbouring display images projected by the display image formation function. The brightness non-uniformity reduction function is provided by an array of lenses or a diffuser. In the case with an array of lenses, said lenses can be integrated with lenticular lenses to provide a display image formation function in form of lenses having a polygonal cross-section. EFFECT: reduced brightness non-uniformities of a display device. 15 cl, 33 dwg


This paper presents a study focusing on the environmental impacts of foamed concrete production and exploitation. CO2 emissions are very important factor for describing durability and sustainability of any building material and its life cycle. The building sector is one of the largest energy-consuming sectors in the world. In this study CO2 emissions are evaluated with regard to three types of energy resources (gas, coal and eco-friendly fuel). The related savings on raw materials are up to 120 t of water per 1000 t of traditionally mixed foamed concrete and up to 350 t of sand per 1000 t of foamed concrete produced with intensive mixing technology. In addition, total reduction of CO2 emissions (up to 60 t per 1000 m3 of material) and total energy saving from introduction of foamed concrete production (depending on the type of fuel) were calculated. In order to analyze the conditions of exploitation, both thermal conductivity and thickness of wall was determined. All obtained and calculated results were compared to those of the commercially produced autoclaved aerated concrete.


THERE were various causes which led up to the movement for reform in the treatment of the insane. Possibly the most important was the change of view in regard to the aetiology of insanity. When it became recognized that it is a disorder of the body and brain comparable with other bodily ills and yielding to treatment along similar lines, it was only a matter of time before more rational methods would be adopted. Daniel Defoe, the bicentenary of whose death (April 26, 1731) occurs in the present year, was ever ready to champion the cause of the downtrodden, nor did he overlook this particularly unfortunate class. In 1697 he wrote: " Of all persons who are objects of our charity, none move my compassion like those whom it has pleased God to leave in a full state of health and strength, but deprived of reason to act for themselves. And it is, in my opinion, one of the greatest scandals upon the understanding to mock at those who want it." 1 He pleads particularly for those " born without the use of their reason, such as we call fools, or more properly naturals. We use such in England with the last contempt, which I think is a strange error; " and he goes on to say: "It is proposed that a fool-house be erected, either by public authority, or by the City, or by an Act of Parliament, into which all that are natural or born fools, without respect or distinction, should be admitted and maintained." He was -alive to the monstrous abuse of allowing curious sightseers to molest the patients or "to divert themselves with the objects to be seen there, and to make what they call sport with the calamity of others, as is now shamefully allowed in Bedlam. To prevent this . . . it should be ordered that the steward of the house be in commission of the peace within the precincts of the house only, and authorized to punish by limited fines or otherwise any person that shall offer any abuse to the poor alms-people, or shall offer to make sport at their condition." It must not be supposed that the treatment of the insane was everywhere of the kind against which Pinel and Tuke started their crusade. There were enlightened persons who not only had more humane conceptions but who also carried them into practice. They have suffered undue neglect-especially some who lived round about the same period, to say nothing of earlier practitioners such as Asclepiades, Aretaeus, Caelius Aurelianus. Among them was Morgagni (1682-1771) who clearly indicated that the brain was the seat of mental diseases, and proposed a mild and rational treatment. There was also Vincenzo Chiarugi (1759-1822) who, at the Asylum of Santa Maria Nuova, at Florence, some years before Pinel began his work in France, had substituted a humane and judicious treatment in place of systems based on superstition and cruel ignorance. "'Labour or work' was his special introduction, a method now employed in well-organized asylums as the principal means of cure.",2 In Spain, also, one place of detention was regarded by Pinel himself as worthy of commendation. " An enviable example is presented to us," he says. .... . In Saragossa there is an asylum open to the diseased, and especially to lunatics of all nations, governments, and religions, with this simple inscription, Urbis et Orbis." Here arrangements for regular occupation were made. Some are kept in the house as domestics . . . others work at different trades in shops provided for the purpose. The greatest number set out, in different divisions, under the guidance of intelligent


This presentation addresses the challenges associated with integrating advanced metering data into the utility enterprise. These challenges go well beyond simple developing and implementing interfaces that connect the systems that collect advanced meter data to the systems that use the data in business processes, such as billing and outage management. The first step in a useful and successful integration is the basic functions of data collection, data storage, and data delivery in a predictable, timely, and reliable manner. To support these functions, the integration platform must address the inevitable weaknesses associated with any data collection technology as well as the day to day issues that arise in processing and managing such data. For instance, the integration must include a robust data synchronization engine to ensure that the integration software knows the basics - expected data types and sources by meter and service delivery point - as well as more advanced information, such as schedules for delivering billing determinants to the CIS system. As another example, the integration platform must include the tools to detect and resolve data exceptions that arise in the data stream or disrupt the flow of data. Finally, the integration platform must account for and accommodate the limitations of the enterprise systems receiving the data. The outage management system may not be able to handle large data volumes triggered by wide-scale outages, so the integration platform must be able to pre-process, or filter, the outage data to deliver only the most important data. These and related issues will be covered in the presentation.


The factors affecting attenuation of RF coaxial cables were analyzed considering the presence of air layer in the cable.The definition of equivalent insulation was introduced.


We consider the main phenomena relating to elastic fields accompanying through the converse piezoelectric and flexoelectric effects the electric ones created in photosensitive crystals by inhomogeneous distributions of light intensity as a results of dynamic hologram formation.


Temperature-programmed decarbonylation processes of Mo(CO)6 entrapped in NaY and HY zeolites were investigated in situ by the time-resolved energy-dispersive X-ray absorption fine structure (DXAFS) technique. The DXAFS study revealed that the decarbonylation of Mo(CO)6 in both NaY and HY proceeded through molybdenum subcarbonyl species and that the subsequent formation of decarbonylated species is affected by the stability of the subcarbonyl intermediate species. In the case of Mo(CO)6/NaY, stable Mo(CO)3(OL)3 (OL, oxygen atoms of the zeolite framework) species were formed at 400−500 K and Mo(II) oxocarbide dimeric species Mo2(C)Ox were formed above 500 K. In the case of Mo(CO)6/HY, on the other hand, unstable Mo(CO)3(OL)x (x = 1−2) species were formed around 450 K and they reacted easily with protons in zeolite supercages to be converted to Mo(II) monomer species. An unstable intermediate species was observed, and its structure was determined by DXAFS for the first time.