WSN has been developing from traditional environment monitoring applications to the ubiquitous information services such as the Congestion-oriented intelligent Transportation System. A Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a self-organization wireless network system constituted by numbers of micro sensors with limited energy. They are deployed to monitor the sensing field and collect information from physical or environmental condition and to co-operatively pass the collected data through the network to a main location. Due to the transportation allocation and communication ability of sensor nodes, it is important to design a network topology, routing algorithm and protocol for large-scale WSN communication system. There are two approaches to accomplish the data collection task: Direct communication, and Multi-hop forwarding. Other hands, in multi-hop forwarding, data are transferred from the nodes to the sink through multiple relays, and thus communication distance is reduced. However, since nodes closer to the sink have a much heavier forwarding load, their transport may be depleted rapidly, which degrades the network performance. Keywords-Wireless Sensor Networks, Transportation, Routing protocol FAF-EBRM.


Trends toward an influx of new migrants have been pronounced in East Asia through a development we call the third round of migrant incorporation. At the same time, other features of East Asian societies, such as strong levels of ethnic nationalism, have changed little, posing challenges to multiculturalism. In this introduction to this special issue, we review the latest research trends broadly concerning multiculturalism, migrant groups that have received little attention, racism and xenophobia. We first discuss the state of migrant incorporation in East Asia and the limits of multiculturalism in this region, where various features of the developmental state persist. We then introduce research on voices opposing multiculturalism in East Asia. This introduction highlights what is peculiar—and ordinary—about migrant incorporation and the associated challenges in East Asia.


In this study (Pb,Sr)TiO3 (PST) thin films were etched with inductively coupled Cl2∕(Cl2+Ar) plasmas. The etch characteristics of PST thin films as a function of Cl2∕(Cl2+Ar) gas mixtures were analyzed by using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Systematic studies were carried out as a function of the etching parameters, including the radio frequency power and the working pressure. The maximum PST film etch rate is 56.2nm∕min, because a small addition of Cl2 to the Cl2∕Ar mixture increased the chemical effect. It was proposed that sputter etching is the dominant etching mechanism while the contribution of a chemical reaction is relatively low due to low volatility of the etching products.


HIS chapter is somewhat lumbar-closet-like in that it conT tains descriptions of both rare sequelae ( I case of Zeitrafferphenomenon, and I case of grizzled hair in a child, both unquestionably related to the meningitis) and a number of sequelae which hardly are rare, but the patients were not at the follow-up questioned and examined systematically with a view to such, as my eyes were first opened to these problems in the course of the follow-up study. As instances of these latter sequelae I may mention the hormonal disturbances. I have not asked the patients systematically about their menses, libido, potency, etc. I, therefore, cannot say how often such hormonal disturbances develop.


Abstract Approximately 74 ka, Toba caldera in Sumatra, Indonesia, erupted in one of the most catastrophic supereruptions in Earth's history. Resurgent uplift of the caldera floor raised Samosir Island 700 m above Lake Toba, exposing valuable lake sediments. To constrain sediment chronology, we collected 173 discrete paleomagnetic 8 cm3 cubes and 15 radiocarbon samples from six sections across the island. Bulk organic 14C ages provide an initial chronostratigraphic framework ranging from ~12 to 46 ka. Natural and laboratory magnetizations were studied using alternating field demagnetization. A generally well-defined primary magnetization is isolated using principal component analysis. Comparison of inclination, and to a lesser degree declination, across independently dated sections suggests paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) is recorded. Average inclination of −6° is more negative than a geocentric axial dipole would predict, but consistent with an eastward extension of the negative inclination anomaly observed in the western equatorial Pacific. The 14C- and PSV-derived age model constrains resurgent uplift, confirming faster uplift rates to the east and slower rates to the west, while suggesting that fault blocks moved differentially from each other within a generally trapdoor-type configuration.


This Application Note describes a simplified and fast protocol for apoptosis DNA fragmentation analysis with the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer using the DNA LabChip® kit. The combination of Annexin V, activecaspase-3 and DNA laddering analysis on the same platform together with the Cell Fluorescence LabChip kit permits quick confirmation and quantitation of apoptosis in cell populations. A fast and simple protocol was applied for the extraction of fragmented, chromosomal DNA. The increased sensitivity and sizing accuracy of the DNA LabChip kit compared to conventional agarose gel electrophoresis also means that a significant lower amount of apoptotic cells is required for the analysis.


APF(active power filter) is one of effective solutions to harmonics in power system. In order to meet the real time and accuracy requirement of this way, an ip,iq harmonics detection method based on the instantaneous reactive power theory has been introduced by means of TMS320F240DSP. At first, the data and wave of input current and the current harmonics in 3 phases system have been obtaind through simulation of MATLAB on the ip,iq harmonics detection method. Then thedetailed implement on TMS320F240DSP has been completed with DSP developing tool-code composer. At last the result comparison has been done between MATLAB simulation and DSP calculation. The analysis and test result show that this method has the characteristics of real time and accuracy, and can meet the harmonics detection requirement of APF.


In this work, we explore the potential benefits and practical challenges associated with implementation of optical power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (OPD-NOMA) scheme for visible light communications (VLC) based vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks with a major aim of providing vehicles with reliable, ubiquitous, and massive connectivity. In the proposed framework, an installed light source (e.g., traffic lamp post or street light lamp post) broadcasts a safety related message to desired nodes through visible light. However, such VLC transmission is subject to interference originating from the vehicles in the adjacent lane. Using the stochastic geometry approach, we model the locations of vehicles on the road via Poisson point process. We investigate the applicability of downlink OPD NOMA enabled V2X network for typical infrastructure-to-vehicle (I2V) communication in presence of interference caused from concurrent vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) transmissions with an aid of stochastic geometry. Through the obtained results, it has been shown that the downlink OPD NOMA based V2X network offers improved performance in terms of outage performance and average achievable rate as compared to the conventional RF based V2X communication.


Tourism Destination Image is the most critical factor in attracting tourists,and competition among tourism destinations is mainly competition of image.In the context of building an international metropolis and world-class tourist destination,the international tourism image research of Xi'an is valuable and meaningful.With tourists from Europe and United States in Xi'an as the study case,the cognitive image was divided into functional,mixed and psychological dimension by EchtnerRitchie in this paper.On this basis,the paper deeply explored the impact of functional-psychological continuum in the cognitive image on tourists'willingness of revisit and recommendation by SEM.The conclusions can help managers to clarify the structure of tourism attributes and levels,thus having great significance for other tourism destinations in our country.The results show that:1)The mixed components exert the greatest influence on the overall image of a destination,which indicates that the formation of the overall image is not decided by functional properties or psychological attributes alone,but mainly relies on both functional and psychological transitions of various mixed indicators;2)The psychological component is relevant to revisit intention,while the mixed component and functional component are related to the intention of recommendation.In terms of the tourists'behaviors after the trip,the mixed and psychological components are stronger than functional one;3)The overall image plays a significantly positive role in promoting the willingness of revisit and recommendation and the overall image exerts greater influence on the willingness of revisit than on that of recommendation.The study results are of great importance to the managers of travel destinations and researchers interested in studying the tourism destination image and visitors'behaviors.


Homoconjugated B + H … B ↭ B … H+B as well as heteroconjugated AH … B ↭ -A … H+B bonds show proton polarizability due to fluctuation and shifts of the proton within these hydrogen bonds. These proton polarizabilities are about two orders of magnitude larger than polarizabilities of electron systems. The catalytic mechanism of serine proteinases which is based on a shift of the positive charge in a hydrogen bond with large proton polarizability is discussed. Particularly large proton polarizabilities caused by collective proton motion in hydrogen-bonded chains are observed. This result is obtained with poly-α-amino acid + dihydrogen phosphate systems and studied with intramolecular hydrogen-bonded chains. A theoretical treatment has been performed with the formic acid-water-formate and the formic acid-water-water-formate systems. It is shown that the proton pathway in the L550 intermediate of bacteriorhodopsin as well as the pathway in the F0 subunit of the ATP synthase are hydrogen-bonded systems with lar...


ABSTRACT Despite significant global interest in food policy since the 1974 food price crisis, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the first set of international development commitments in which the narrow focus of hunger and poverty explicitly include nutrition (SDG2) – beyond only health indicators related to maternal and child health indicators. This recent (re)appreciation of the role of nutrition as a fundamental element of development policy and a driver of economic growth generates the need for new analytical tools to determine the potential nutritional gains of development programmes and policies as well as the costs of not acting on nutrition imperatives in multisectoral public policy initiatives. This shifts the focus of policy analysis towards multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary domains, creating a need for training and research that spans multiple disciplines in which most graduates and professionals do not yet have the training and tools to conduct appropriate analyses. Capacity is essential to address critical skills shortages and high demand and professional development to keep pace with change. This paper identifies what the implications of recent development imply for agricultural economics training institutions, research and the profession in general and in particular in South Africa.


All was now sadness at The Cleeve. It was soon understood among the servants that there was to be no marriage, and the tidings spread from the house, out among the neighbours and into Hamworth. But no one knew the reason of this change; — none...


In the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, the location of the train is detected with the inductive radio system within the deviation of 3 degrees. The inductive radio system is very reliable and accurate. However using the inductive radio system, we have to lay the cross inductive cable along the guideway and set up the detecting system of train's location in each power conversion station. Therefore the construction costs of the system is expensive. On the other hand, from the safety point of view, we have to examine the other method of detecting train's location, in case of inductive radio system down.In this paper, we propose a new train's location detecting system using the phase of Electromotive Force (EMF). In this system, the inductive radio system is not required. In the LSM drive control system, the phase locked loop (PLL) uses the phase of EMF that is estimated by EMF observer. The reduced-order state observer estimates the phase of EMF according to output voltages and currents of Inverter. We report the configuration and the basic characteristics of the EMF observer in the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line.


Face detection and recognition have been explored with various supervised and unsupervised learning techniques. The foundation of all the algorithms is to detect the feature vectors from the face (eye height & width, lip width, ratio of distance between eye to nose etc..).Various classification algorithms are compared with different combination to analyze and decide which combination operates best. This paper, explains the various existing methods based on their accuracy on different kinds of datasets.


We explore the implications of third family ($t-b-\tau$) quasi-Yukawa unification (QYU) for collider and dark matter (DM) searches within the framework of a supersymmetric $SU(4)_c \times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ model. The deviation from exact Yukawa unification is quantified through the relation $y_t : y_b : y_\tau = |1+C|:|1-C|:|1+3C|$, with $C$ being a real parameter ($|C| \leq 0.2$). We allow for the breaking of left-right symmetry both by the soft scalar and gaugino mass parameters and obtain a variety of viable solutions that predict the sparticle mass spectrum including LSP DM (whose stability is guaranteed by a $Z_2$ gauge symmetry). We highlight solutions that include an NLSP gluino with mass $\sim$ 1.3-2.5 TeV, which should be accessible at LHC Run 3. There also exist NSLP stop solutions with masses heavier than about 1.8 TeV, which are consistent with the LSP neutralino dark matter relic density through stop-neutralino coannihilation. We identify A-resonance solutions with DM mass $\sim$ 0.8 - 2 TeV, as well as bino-chargino, bino-slepton and bino-stau co-annihilation scenarios. Finally, we also identify Wino-like ($\sim99\%$) and Higgsino-like ($\sim99\%$) solutions whose masses are heavier than about 1.5 TeV and 1 TeV, respectively. These solutions are compatible with the desired dark matter relic density and testable in ongoing and future direct detection experiments.


Infrared image processing method comprising: generating data of a first resolution corresponding to the infrared detection values detected by the plurality of pixels, the method comprising: generating data of a second resolution by processing interpolation data of first resolution and second resolution and a step for outputting data.


The JAERI Monte Carlo Machine has been developed mainly to enhance computational performance of numerical simulations by particle models such as Monte Carlo method. The features of JAERI Monte Carlo machine are (i) vector processing capability for arithmetic operations, (ii) special pipelines for fast vector processing in categorizations of particles, (iii) enhanced load/store pipeline for indirectly addressed vector elements, (iv) parallel processing capability for spatially and phenomenologically independent particles. In this paper design philosophy and architecture of JAERI Monte Carlo machine and its effective performance through practical applications of multi-group criticality safety code KENO-IV and continuous-energy neutron/photon transport code MCNP are described.


Aggregate base course (ABC) layer is a key structural component of most pavements. The compaction of ABC is a crucial procedure affecting its mechanical performance. There are two different methods commonly used in the lab to compact ABC specimens: impact and vibratory. Past studies have demonstrated that the compaction method can affect the resilient deformation behaviour of ABC. However, the reasons for these differences in terms of the constituent ABC particle properties and the resultant compacted aggregate fabric remains unclear. This study evaluates the influence of the laboratory compaction method on the resilient behaviour and fabric of two ABC materials with differing mineralogies. Resilient modulus tests performed on the specimens compacted with the two methods result in different behaviours. A series of subsequent laboratory tests were performed to explain the observed resilient behaviour by assessing changes in aggregate morphology and fabric. The study presented herein incorporates digital imaging analyses using a novel specimen preparation technique. The results demonstrate that impact compaction can degrade ABC materials that are susceptible to crushing. This, in turn, increases the resilient modulus of the ABC by increasing the number of contact points between particles. It is recommended that the compaction method used in the laboratory match the compaction processes in the field as best as possible to obtain the most representative resilient modulus test results.


Thin films of the manganite (La$_{1-y}$Pr$_y$)$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ exhibit dynamic phase coexistence with micrometer scale, fluid-like ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) regions interspersed in a charge-order insulating (COI) background. It has been previously reported that a uniform electric field realigns the fluid-like FMM regions due to a phenomenon similar to dielectrophoresis. Here we report that non-uniform electric fields have a stronger effect on the FMM regions as expected from the dielectrophoresis model. The dynamic percolation of the FMM regions is observed over a wider range of temperatures compared to the results in a uniform field. Additionally, in a non-uniform electric field, the time required for dynamic percolation along the magnetic hard axis ($t_{\mathrm{B}}$) decreased with increasing applied voltage ($V_{\mathrm{A}}$) as a power law, $V_{\mathrm{A}}^{-\delta}$ with $\delta \approx 5$ while $\delta < 2$ for a uniform electric field. Our results in a non-uniform electric field provide strong evidence in favor of the dielectrophoresis model and a unique method for manipulating micrometer-sized ferromagnetic regions using electric fields.


S EVERAL procedures have been used to inject opaque material for the purpose of visualizing the vertebrobasilar arterial system. These methods should enable one to visualize the entire course of the vertebral artery from its origin up to and including the basilar artery and its branches. The different techniques may be summarized as follows: 1. Countercurrent injection of opaque material into the common carotid artery. Introduced by Elvidge 5 in 1988. ~. Direct supraclavicular percutaneous puncture of the subclavian artery. This method was introduced by Shimidzu 1~ in 1937, Barbieri and Verdecchia 2 in 1957, and Crawford et al. 4 in 1958. 3. Direct percutaneous infraclavicular puncture of the subclavian artery. This technique was reported by Pouyanne el al. 7 in 1960, and Amplatz and Harner 1 mentioned it in a paper published in 196~. 4. Direct percutaneous infraclavicular cathele,rization of the subclavian artery. This method was introduced by Amplatz and Harner 1 using a needle-catheter combination 6 inches in length. Their preliminary report was published in June 196~. 5. Indirect percutaneous catheterization of the subclavian artery through the brachial artery. This type of retrograde catheterization was reported by Pygott and Hutton s in 1959, Begg 3 in 1960, and Tatelman and Sheehan 12 in 196~. Other techniques have been described in the literature which we considered too complex and too time-consuming for our purpose.


Abstract Building on Ellis et al.'s theorization for potent dimensions of environmental adversity, the present work sought to evaluate how environmental harshness and unpredictability might function directly and in interaction with child sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) to shape the development of child socioemotional functioning. Participants were 235 young children (M age = 2.97 at the first measurement occasion) and their parents, who were followed for two consecutive annual measurement occasions. Child SPS was measured through behavioral observation across multiple tasks within the laboratory setting. Greater environmental unpredictability was significantly associated with the development of children's externalizing problems over a year only for children with high SPS. Follow-up analyses indicated that the unpredictability-x-SPS interaction was consistent with differential susceptibility, such that high SPS children showed greater increases in externalizing problems under high unpredictability, but also lower increases/greater decreases in externalizing problems under low unpredictability. Such association did not apply to children with low SPS.


The development of a portable gamma ray spectrometer based on a CsI(Tl) scintillator (1.8 cm×1.8 cm×4 cm) with integral p‐i‐n diode (1.8 cm×4 cm) is described. A single board computer containing the MC68HC11 microcontroller, a single‐chip self‐contained computer system, is used for system control. The total size of the instrument is only 12 in×7 in. including the spectrometer and power supply. The system provides a low cost, low power gamma ray spectrometer as compared to the more common PMT‐based devices. Spectra can be collected in daily intervals for up to 1 week. Special software which monitors the proper working of the spectrometer insures long term stability. This spectrometer can be used for routine monitoring and detection of gamma ray emitting radio nuclides. Performance of the spectrometer as well as gamma ray spectra are presented. The qualitative and quantitative reliability have shown its potential as a stand alone field monitoring instrument due to its low power consumption and intelligence.


This paper deals with the problems that the author faced to write a biography of Salvador Espriu. It contains a reflection on the conventions of the biographical genre, especially on the need to find a conductive thread of the speech that identifies the key elements about the writer's life. In the case of Espriu, the author stresses the importance of his familiar origins in Arenys, his leadership of the literary generation of 1936 and the tremendous impact of the Spanish Civil War in his later life. Espriu lost the opportunity to do an academic career, but became the national poet and a symbol of the survival of the Catalan culture during Franco's dictatorship


The National Press and Publication Administration (NPPA) of the People's Republic of China published the Notice on Further Strictly Regulating and Effectively Preventing Online Video Gaming Addiction in Minors (the "2021 Notice") on August 30, 2021. The 2021 Notice becomes effective on September 1, 2021. The 2021 Notice updates (and, where incompatible, supersedes) the older regulatory requirements set out by the NPPA in the Notice on the Prevention of Online Gaming Addiction in Juveniles (the "2019 Notice") published nearly two years ago on 25 October 2019, which was translated and discussed by Xiao at 24 GAMING LAW REV. 51–53. The two Notices regulate video gaming in China and restrict minors' (defined as people under the age of 18) access to online video games. This International Gaming Industry Update comparesthe old and new regulatory positions and comments on the implications of this regulatory development in China.


Abstract Primary objective. There are about 6% of children who are either intolerant to or lose their ability to tolerate food allergens, resulting in the development of food hypersensitivity. The hypothesis that increase in food allergen-specific IgE antibody level is associated with the decrease in the levels of food allergen-specific IgG4 and IgA antibodies was used as a biomarker of food tolerance. Methods & Procedures. The Modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire (added gastrointestinal allergy questions) and Phadiatop infant test were used to screen one hundred 6–8-year-old allergic school children. Food allergen-specific IgE, IgG and IgA antibodies were measured by using the Phadia ImmunoCAP system radioabsorbent test (RAST). Immunoglobin E antibodies to common aeroallergens, were also detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Main outcome. The level of analysed food specific-IgE antibody was obviously higher in the study population. Sensitivity to dust mites among the children was nearly 90%, and that to cockroach was 47%. Egg white-, cow's milk-, α-lactoalbumin-, β-lactoglobulin- and casein-specific IgG4/IgE and IgA/IgE ratios were lower in the atopic school children but not in the tropomysin-, mango- and kiwi-sensitive participants. Conclusion. The level of cow's milk- and egg white-specific IgE antibody still remained high along with a decrease in the specific IgG4/IgE and IgA/IgE ratios in our study population. Therefore, allergen-specific IgG4 and IgA antibodies are important biomarkers of tolerance establishment, and failure to establish tolerance to food allergens may be related to the regulation of the inhalant allergens encountered in late childhood stages.


Edible coating has been used for preserving the quality and safety of fresh fruit and vegetables. The ability of polysaccharide-based (carboxy methyl cellulose and corn starch) coatings to extend the shelf life and quality of cucumber fruit during storage at ambient temperature of 25-28 o C and relative humidity of 83-95% was investigated . The results indicated that coated cucumber showed a significant delay in weight loss, firmness, pH, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid and total microbial counts compared to uncoated ones. Sensory evaluation results showed that coatings maintained the visual quality of the cucumber during the storage time. The results suggested using carboxy methyl cellulose and corn starch can extend the shelf life of cucumber during storage in ECS for 7 weeks.


Automotive companies are increasingly using computer model based product development processes. The usage of models in powertrain embedded control systems development is the main focus of this paper. The scope and the types of models that are used in different steps vary across the development process. However, it is desirable to have an integrated modeling environment and a general model architecture throughout the process for optimal resource utilization. This paper describes a multi-user flexible modeling environment that satisfies such a need. The concept is demonstrated with an example. The resources required to develop and maintain the environment are also discussed.


: This paper takes the re-education of migrant workers in the construction industry in Shandong Province as the research object,and discusses the problems existing in the skills training of migrant workers in the construction industry at present, including the fixed form, limited resources, differences in educational background, and the lack of systematic and long-term training mechanism linked to academic qualifications. Based on this, this paper proposes to build a improvement system of technical ability based on "training package" in parallel with academic qualifications and certificates. This paper argues that a training system should be established under the unified management of the government, with higher vocational colleges as the main training force, and further set up a "training package" group to develop personalized teaching resources and modes that meet the characteristics of migrant workers, in order to achieve the parallel of academic qualifications and professional qualification certificates, it lays the foundation for the improvement of the educational level of migrant workers and the connectivity certification of ordinary colleges and Universities.


Example discloses a processing method of the present invention deposited the pulse signal, the method comprising: obtaining a pulse signal; pulse signal is divided into two sections, wherein the first segment of the pulse signal generated from the first pulse signal to a continuous voltage to decrease the peak pulse, the peak within a first predetermined range, a pulse signal is a pulse signal of the second section remaining in addition to the first pulse signal a pulse signal; a first power value calculating a pulse signal corresponding to the first segment and a second pulse signal corresponding to the energy value of the second segment; calculated energy ratio, a ratio of the first energy value and the energy value of the second energy ratio; determining whether the energy ratio is within a range of the first threshold value ; if it is, the pulse signal is discriminated to be the accumulation of the pulse signal. Embodiments of the present invention also discloses a processing apparatus for stacking pulse signal. More effective identification signal pulse pile of the present invention, the bit error rate is reduced to improve the image quality.


Inhalations are widely used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in developed countries,but not popularized in the mainland of China.Now China is facing the problem of phasing-out of metered dose inhaler which uses chlorofluorocarbons as propellant.In this review,inhalations and their irreplaceable position compared with non-inhalations in the treatment of asthma and COPD are discussed in detail.


To guarantee access security in network collaborative enterprise modeling systems,establishing access control function is in demand.Based on study of the role-based access control,discretionary access control and mandatory access control,combined with the characteristic of the collaborative enterprise modeling system,a role and task based dynamic access control with limitation of the enterprise model node state is proposed.In this method,user's position,the tasks performed by this position and the role are confirmed,the corresponding model node status are examined.And the access authorization is established.These are convenient for realizing the grained security administration to users and objects.Based on the specification,system realization method is presented.


This quasi-experimental study focused on the research hypothesis that students' individual achievement goals toward each instructional component predict their perceptions of classroom goals. A total of 173 college students from an introductory educational psychology course participated in this study. Elliot and Church's [23] achievement goals questionnaire and Urdan's [21] perception of classroom goals were administered at pre- and post-measures during one academic semester. Multiple regression analysis was employed to determine whether or not students' individual achievement goals toward each instructional task predicted their perceptions of classroom goals. The results showed that participants' achievement goals toward in-class activities were significantly associated with their perceptions of classroom goals.


The bankruptcy of Lehman brothers on September 15, 2008, marked a watershed in the current global financial and economic crisis. The decision by US authorities not to rescue the bank has been subject to intense public and academic debate, but one that has almost always lacked any in-depth discussion of the bank itself. This article offers the reader a vision of the unsavory business dealing of Lehman Brothers that lead to its collapse. With the backing of public documentation, Black describes and analyzes how Lehman Brothers acted as a "vector of fraud", creating and benefiting from the criminal environment in the financial sector that punishes honest behavior and rewards financial crime. This subject, key to the understanding of the crisis, yet rarely recognized, is exposed with the mastery of one of its foremost experts.


edited by Elisabeth S. Clemens and Doug Guthrie Politics and Partnerships: The Role of Voluntary Associations in America's Political Past and Present by Elisabeth S. Clemens; Doug Guthrie Review by: Nina Eliasoph American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 118, No. 2 (September 2012), pp. 504-506 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/666598 . Accessed: 11/04/2013 13:54


We evaluated the age structure and growth characteristics of Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis based on scale analysis.We collected 397 B.lenok tsinlingensis specimens from Long-xian,Shanxi,between 2009 and 2012.The scale annuli were characterized as the commonly-cutting shape.We observed 5 age groups,with 1 3 year-old individuals accounting for 85.64% of the total samples.There was no significant difference in body length(L) and body weight(W) between females and males and the Von Bertalanffy growth model was Lt=729.38[1 e 0.08(t+0.5)] and Wt=6 288.74[1 e 0.08(t+0.5)]2.968 1.The coefficient of growth(k) was 0.08.The body weight growth inflexion point was at 13.10 years old,with a corresponding body length of 483.66 mm and body weight of 1 857.86 g.The results show that B.lenok tsinlingensis is a species of slow growing fish and it characterizes isometric growth and individual miniaturization in the natural reserve.We should take artificial propagation and artificial releasing to enlarge and revive its populations.The study is intended to realize its growth rhythm and take reasonable actions to protect and vitalize B.lenok tsinlingensis.


This paper addresses Europe's existential crisis. It does so by suggesting that, notwithstanding the relevance of the institutional design, the essence of the project of European integration is persons and peoples rather than states. It then discusses two speeches of important personalities speaking about Europe's existential crisis. Next, it deals with the question of diversity since the motto of the failed constitutional treaty was precisely "united in diversity". But this requires explaining the centrality of the individual in practical reason, and the importance of normative systems. The centrality of the individual, related to the value of freedom, is then placed in the context of plurality and diversity, directly addressing the theme of backlash forces in Europe through a map of such plurality in Europe; the socalled multiculturalism or ethno-religious pluralism. The paper concludes by suggesting a version of cosmopolitanism, hermeneutic pluralism, as the normative position to address the balance between individual freedom and solidarity or between "persons" and "peoples".Received: 15 January 2018 Accepted: 9 May 2018 Published online: 31 October 2018


Zetterberg and Larsson proposed that the restriction point divides the G1 phase into two parts. Cells before this point are able to leave the division cycle and enter a GO phase; cells past this point are unaffected by a short period of low serum. Additional results of Zetterberg and Larsson—1) cycloheximide treatment affects cells in the same way as low serum, and 2) a delay in the second division after serum starvation in the cells not initially affected in their first division—indicate that their experiments are consistent with serum removal affecting cells in all phases of the cell cycle equally. Their experiments are consistent with the continuum model of the mammalian division cycle. There is no need to postulate a restriction point or a GO phase to explain the serum starvation results.—Cooper, S. On the proposal of a GO phase and the restriction point. FASEB J. 12, 367–373 (1998)


Improving the performance of idlers is paramount to the performance of the conveyor system in various industries since belt conveyors can be many kilometers in length and consequently there are a huge number of rollers in use. The key intention of this work is the development of a light-weight composite idler roller. Critical design considerations are strength-to-weight ratio and performance. Most importantly, the design must reduce the weight of the roller as compared to standard steel rollers. The final design provides a significant reduction in weight of about 47 % over that of traditional steel rollers of a similar size.


Based on an actual running wind farm,this paper gathered statistics of wind turbine faults.Combing with monthly generating capacity of the wind farm,the month average wind speed and month average temperature,it discussed the relationship between the number of wind turbine failures and the operating conditions and ambient temperature,then the reasons for the high incidence of major system failures are analyzed.Finally,some measures of reducing wind turbine failure rate and improving the operation and maintenance were proposed.


Anomalies in default mode network (DMN) activity and alpha (8-12 Hz) oscillations have been independently observed in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent spatiotemporal analyses suggest that alpha oscillations support DMN functioning via inter-regional synchronization and sensory cortical inhibition. Therefore, we examined a unifying pathology of alpha deficits in the visual-cortex-DMN system in PTSD.Patients with PTSD (N = 25) and two control groups—patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (N = 24) and healthy controls (N = 20)—underwent a standard eyes-open resting state (S-RS) and a modified resting state (M-RS) of passively viewing salient images (known to deactivate the DMN). High-density electroencephalogram (hdEEG) were recorded, from which intracortical alpha activity (power and connectivity/Granger causality) was extracted using the exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA).Patients with PTSD (vs. controls) demonstrated attenuated alpha power in the visual cortex and key hubs of the DMN (posterior cingulate cortex/PCC and medial prefrontal cortex/mPFC) at both states, the severity of which further correlated with hypervigilance symptoms. With increased visual input (at M-RS vs. S-RS), patients with PTSD further demonstrated reduced alpha-frequency directed connectivity within the DMN (PCC→mPFC) and, importantly, from the visual cortex (VC) to both DMN hubs (VC→PCC and VC→mPFC), linking alpha deficits in the two systems.These interrelated alpha deficits align with DMN hypoactivity/hypoconnectivity, sensory disinhibition, and hypervigilance in PTSD, representing a unifying neural underpinning of these anomalies. The identification of visual-cortex-DMN alpha dysrhythmia in PTSD further presents a novel therapeutic target, promoting network-based intervention of neural oscillations.


This paper analyzes on the present situation of the users' information demand and the service of the university library under the network environment,points out the existing problems,and advances some measures that should be adopted to improve the information service.


Analytical study on nonlinear hydroelastic waves beneath a very large floating structure or a thin ice sheet floating on deep water is presented. Adopting the special Cosserat theory of hyperelastic shells satisfying Kirchhoff's hypothesis to describe the floating sheet, we use the potential flow theory with the dynamic boundary condition expressing a balance among the hydrodynamic, surface tension, inertial, and elastic forces. For the case of incident progressive waves, the influences of different physical parameters on the hydroelastic waves are discussed with the aid of the homotopy analysis method. We compare the hydroelastic wave deflections based on nonlinear Plotnikov and Toland's model with those obtained by the corresponding linear Euler–Bernoulli model. It is found that the behaviors of both models are almost the same for small amplitudes, while the nonlinear plate deflections increase greatly at large amplitudes. Further, the graphical comparisons are presented to show the behavior of the angular frequency versus wave amplitudes. AMS subject classifications: 74J30, 76B07


ABSTRACT:A regular feature in Inks, "From the Archives" seeks to present rare and historically significant comics materials from archives and private collections, with the aim of encouraging further research or teaching of related materials or topics. This issue we present extremely a gallery drawn from fanzines from the early 1960s, featuring art by Jay Lynch, Skip Williamson, and Art Spiegelman—cartoonists who would go on and help found the underground comix movement later in the decade. The introduction to the "Archives" puts these amateur publications in the context of the history of fanzines, amateur printing technologies, and the broader history of comics in the years between the Comics Code of 1954 and the start of the underground comix movement in the second half of the 1960s.


This study was designed to determine the nature of the ideal political candidate, employing source credibility and homophily as a basis for analysis. It was demonstrated that the ideal political candidate is seen as extremely competent, extremely high in character, quite composed and sociable, slightly extroverted, as well as slightly similar to the voters in attitudes and beliefs and neutral in similarity in terms of background and personality. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research were advanced.


We present a novel technique for melanocytic lesion segmentation, based on one-dimensional Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in colour space. Our technique is simple and extremely fast, segmenting highresolution images in a fraction of a second even with the modest computational resources available on a cell phone – an improvement of an order of magnitude or more over state-of-the-art techniques. Our technique is also extremely accurate: very experienced dermatologists disagree with its segmentations less than they disagree with the segmentations of all state-of-the-art techniques we tested, and in fact less than they disagree with the segmentations of dermatologists of moderate experience.


Microscale jet array impingement cooling has been proved to be an efficient cooling technique for high-heat-flux electronics. In order to meet the current development trend of electronic components, jet impingement cooling performance needs to be continuously improved. In this work, a target surface enhancement approach for direct-on-chip microscale jet array with alternating feeding and draining jets was proposed. Trapezoid diversion columns were set regularly around inlet jets on the target surface to guide spent fluid and enhance overall performance. Besides, the inlet Reynolds number ranged from 20 to 2000 and deionized water was used as the coolant. Firstly, the impact of trapezoid diversion columns on flow and heat transfer characteristics was studied by numerical method. The results showed that the Nusselt number of current jet array was enhanced remarkably than that of convectional jet array at the almost same cost of pressure loss. Then the optimization of columns height, shape and location were carried out to improve overall performance. As a result, an optimal jet array structure with best overall performance was proposed. In the end, the maximum thermal removal capacity of optimal jet array and basic jet array was compared. It was found that the proposed optimal jet array can remove heat flux of 1950 W/cm2 when the temperature rise of heated surface was below 85 °C, which was 28.3% higher than that of basic jet array.


The Nordic countries generally rank as one of the forerunners of environmental policies and figure in the front line with the most ambitious policy goals in international fora. However, since effective environmental action, for instance through environmental taxation, generally puts a burden on industry, a unilateral introduction of environmental measures by one or a few nations may seriously affect their industrial competitiveness, given an open and competitive economy. Given their persistent and often unilateral avant-garde environmental engagement, the paper discusses how the Nordic countries deal with this dilemma. Theoretically, the paper seeks an answer by recursion to Rokkan's famous distinction between functional and electoral/numerical politics. Empirically the paper finds support for the Rokkan perspective through a systematic analysis of Nordic environmental taxation policies, documenting that the two channels of policy making do indeed produce different results that are compatible with a dual-policy solution to the prisoners' dilemma of avant-garde environmental politics.


There is growing interest in mining software repository data to understand, and predict, various aspects of team processes. In particular, text mining and natural-language processing (NLP) techniques have supported such efforts. Visualization may also supplement text mining to reveal unique multi-dimensional insights into software teams' behavioral processes. We demonstrate the utility of combining these approaches in this study. Future application of these methods to the study of teams' behavioral processes offers promise for both research and practice.


With pomegranate extract as the raw material and gelatin as the precipitator,the affecting factors of the removal of astringent taste were studied,including gelatin dosage,temperature,stirring time,filtration and sterilization. The results indicated that astringent taste was effectively removed by adding 12ml/100ml gelatin,stirring at normal temperature (10℃) for 40 min, filtrating with a 0.45 μm millipore film and sterilizing at 100℃ for 30 min and that the juice's quality was improved. The juice obtained was featured by clear appearance,bright and uniform colour,genuine original flavour and pleasant astringent taste.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide an enclosure speaker with a side acoustic emission structure capable of easily changing the external design of an enclosure case by changing the attachment location and attachment structure of a mesh. Provided is the enclosure speaker with the side acoustic emission structure which includes a microspeaker, a lower enclosure case which receives the microspeaker and further includes a resonance space outside the receiving part of the microspeaker, an upper enclosure case which is combined with the upper side of the lower enclosure case, a sound path which is partially formed on the lower enclosure case and the upper enclosure case and is formed by combining the part formed on the lower enclosure case with the part formed on the upper enclosure case, and the mesh which is located between the lower enclosure case and the upper enclosure case on the sound path.


Everyday activities, like jumping on a trampoline or using a swing-stick, show that humans seemingly effortless support systems in their intrinsically preferred motions. Although this observation seems obvious, data-based evidence proving that humans indeed match system dynamics has been lacking, since everyday objects usually exhibit complex, nonlinear dynamics, which are in general not analytically solvable. Recent insights in the field of nonlinear mode theory and the development of a tool to compute modes for nonlinear systems enabled us to investigate human strategies to excite periodic motions in the interaction with nonlinear systems. In the setup of a high score game, participants interacted with differently configured virtual compliant double pendulum systems through a haptic joystick. Through the joystick, the user could command positions to a motor link connected to the pendulum by a spring and received resulting spring forces in return to convey the feeling of holding a flexible stick. The participants were asked to alternately hit two targets located on the computed nonlinear mode of the system as often as possible. All participants intuitively exploited the elasticity of the system by choosing a holding strategy of the motor link and only compensate for energy losses with small motions. In this way, the intrinsic dynamics of the double pendulum system were exploited leading to the predicted fast motions along the nonlinear modes. The human strategy stayed consistent when decreasing the target size or increasing the mass of the lower pendulum link, i.e., changing the dynamics. Consequently, the presented research provides data-based evidence that humans can indeed estimate the nonlinear dynamics of system and intuitively exploit these. Additionally, the introduction to nonlinear modes and ways to compute them could be a powerful tool for further investigations on human capabilities and strategies in periodic interactions with nonlinear systems. Author summary Without thinking about it, humans interact with a wide variety of objects in everyday life. This includes objects with very complex nonlinear dynamics such as flexible rods or ropes. Since it is not trivial to enforce trajectories far away from the system's intrinsic motions and frequencies, it is likely that humans explore and, whenever possible, exploit the natural dynamics of the system. By using a tool to predict the trajectories of systems with nonlinear dynamics, we collected human user data to validate this hypothesis for repetitive tasks with a virtual double pendulum. Indeed our research showed that humans supported mechanical systems in their respective intrinsic motions and were able to intuitively match the systems' eigenfrequencies. In doing so, only little control effort and motion was needed from the users, which could aids to save energy and mental resources. Since both these aspects are limiting factors in continuous tasks, it seems to have an evolutionary benefit that humans are very capable in estimating and exploiting the natural dynamics of compliant systems and tune their own control strategy to be be synchronized to the controlled system.


Spectra of one-electron and collective excitations in narrow-band ferromagnets with unquenched orbital moments are calculated in various theoretical models. The interaction of spin and orbital excitations with conduction electrons results in the damping of the former which, however, turns out to be rather small; therefore, apart from usual spin waves, well-defined orbitons can exist. Non-quasiparticle states occur in the electron energy spectrum near the Fermi energy due to this interaction. The criteria of stability of the saturated spin and orbital ferromagnetic ordering are considered. Possible effects of orbital ordering in magnetite and in colossal magnetoresistance manganites are discussed.


Introduction: Spectroscopic data [e.g., 1] show pyroclastic deposits from explosive eruptions to be widespread on the nearside of the Moon, with a wide range of lateral extents. However, our only data on pyroclast grain size distributions come from the glass beads sampled by the Apollo missions [e.g., 2]. Here we discuss the relative importance of the factors that influence pyroclast size distributions. In a companion abstract [3] we use these results to find the ranges of magma volatile contents and discharge rates required to produce the observed spectrum of lunar pyroclastic deposits. Background: Physical models of steady explosive volcanic eruptions in the lunar vacuum [4] show that the distances to which pyroclasts can be ejected depend on the mass fraction of volatiles of a given molecular mass released from the magma and on the pyroclast size distribution. The generally sub-mm sizes (Fig. 1) of the sampled lunar pyroclastic glass beads [2] are qualitatively consistent with the expected extreme fragmentation of lunar magmas as they erupt into a vacuum [5], but the distances between sample sites and their respective vents are unknown and we have probably not sampled the coarsest parts of the pyroclast size distributions.


With the world moving towards smart cities, one of the major problems faced by almost all of cities is that of vehicular road traffic congestions. This paper attempts to address the problem of traffic congestions caused at traffic signals. Timings allotted are fixed. Sometimes higher traffic density at one side of the junction demands longer green time as compared to standard allotted time. In this paper we show how image processing can be used for managing this. The image captured in the traffic signal is processed and converted into grayscale image then its threshold is calculated based on which the contour has been drawn in order to calculate the number of vehicles present in the image. The traffic is analyses through data collected from cameras and depending upon the volume of traffic, the traffic light durations are set. It also demonstrates how the durations can be changed dynamically. Raspberry pi is used as a microcontroller which provides the signal timing based on the traffic density.


A new enantioselective heterogeneous catalytic system has been made by partly decomposing (hydrogenolyzing) chiral silyl ethers in hydrogen over Pd black and differently dispersed Pd/SiO2. Preliminary hydrogenations of two prochiral C=C's have demonstrated the feasibility of the method which produced catalysts attaining ee's up to 22%. The chiral silyl ethers appear to hydrolyze off the surface, but in the absence of water, the new catalysts catalyze reproducible ee's.


Several coding techniques have been analyzed earlier to improve the performance of the OCDMA system. In this paper the bit error rate of the OCDMA system as a function of modified prime sequence code and number of simultaneous users has been discussed. This paper also examines some of the possible improvements to the system performance that could be realized by combining the OCDMA format with orthogonal codes for OOK and PPM signaling schemes. The bit error probability reduces for a given number of simultaneous users as the prime sequence P increases. The use of longer sequence lengths and code weights make the performance slightly better in both OOK and PPM format.


Tracking periodic signals are common task in many control problems. One of the examples is movement control of pick and place robot in industry. The requirement of high tracking accuracy becomes very important in many applications. Therefore, a sophisticated control algorithm that manages to achieve high accuracy tracking of periodic command is required. Repetitive Control (RC) based on internal model principle is one of control schemes that can be employed to achieve perfect tracking of periodic signal. On the other hand, Proportional Integral (PI) controller can also be used for tracking. This paper compares the tracking performance of PI controller, RC, and PI with RC, where PI with RC here is integration between PI controller and RC. Step by step design to obtain the parameters of PI, RC and PI with RC are given. A simulation on servo motor system is carried out to assess the performance of RC, PI, and PI with RC respectively. From the simulation results, the transient response and tracking accuracy are thoroughly discussed.


I think, therefore I am. Our ancestors said Cogito, ergo sum, in a Latin form of Rene Descartes' expression "Je pense, donc je suis", in Discourse on Method (1637). The same did Thomas Davenport, when gave his book the title Thinking for a living. Probably he didn't prefer the direct form in English of the above mentioned expression: "I think, therefore I am", but one that in essence is more poetical and more anchored in the reality of the third millennium's early days, in the way that only thinking we can exist. The title is also a commercial one, because the previous ten books also basically referred to knowing or knowledge. They used the research done in the following fields: knowledge management, process management and innovation. The opening of his last book, a best seller of 2005, is also interesting. The author gives the first chapter the title 'What's a Knowledge Worker, Anyway?". We could draw the conclusion that after so much effort, including a publishing one, the author remains with the doubt on the terminology so much used at the end of the 2nd millennium and the beginning of the 3rd one or leaves an open way to the next volumes. It is not by chance that there are voices that say he might be the next Peter Drucker. The last one said that the future society would be the knowledge society (see also Managing in the Next Society, 2002).


Form factor, circuitry coverage, dielectric properties, mechanical support and maintainability are considered to be the key to optimizing costs and reliability for conformal coatings. There are other areas that have not been covered but will be noted. These include using existing facilities and personnel whenever possible, and designing a package with materials that are compatible and complement each other when processed.


The multiplicative weight update (MWU) schema is a powerful tool to design online routing algorithms. However, even the latest research still employs or incorporates the inefficient online single-path routing (OSR) algorithm. In this article, we design an online multipath routing (OMR) algorithm via the MWU schema in order to exploit the network path diversity. Compared to OSR and comparative multipath solutions, OMR has the same worst-case performance guarantee in theory and also has significant performance advantage in practice.


Duncan Salkeld's study of madness in the age of Shakespeare is conceived of as being against the grain of both traditional literary criticism and historiography. Noting that the critical contemplation of the inner life of Shakespearean character has been central (as far back as Coleridge) to previous approaches to the study of madness in Shakespeare, Salkeld argues instead that the "inner worlds of the mind of Shakespearean characterization are largely represented by external appearance, in language describing corporeal states." Thus, the towering constructs of personality in Lear and Hamlet, for example, are turned inside out when critical attention is focused on the "materiality" of madness and its forms. This privileging of "external appearance" and "corporeality" over the imagined inner life of character is licensed by Salkeld's thesis that personal crises in the dramatic lives of Shakespeare's tragic heroes and heroines must invariably be read qua political crisis. The author writes that any "discussion of the internal life of a character then becomes a second order issue, and considerably more problematic when the historical specificity of these conditions is addressed" (p. 2).


Some gold deposits and a number of Au, Cu, Ni and Pb anomalies on important ore-finding significances were newly discovered with geochemical exploration (1/50000) and anomaly checking in Chihu-Tudong region of eastern Tianshan. And almost at the same time, rich and true basic geochemical datas have been provided for prognosticating Au, Cu, Ni and Pb and so on of color and noble metal resources in the region, and targets in advance.


Brain image analysis and segmentation are the most difficult tasks in medical image processing because of image complexity. Moreover, MRI images are mostly utilized to predict different brain‐based diseases; if the images are complex, the disease prediction accuracy is very low. To overcome this problem, the current research has planned to design a novel fruit fly‐based UNet (FFbU) framework to detect the Tumor accurately. Moreover, the fitness of the fruit fly was upgraded in the UNet pooling module that has tended to gain the finest results. Initially, the standard datasets were gathered from the net source and trained to the system. Consequently, the training error is removed in the primary layer of FFbU then the error‐cleared data is entered into the UNet dense layer for tumor detection and segmentation. Finally, the proposed model is executed in a MATLAB environment, and the proficiency of the designed FFbU model is estimated in terms of accuracy, recall, precision, Dice, and Jaccard. In addition, the planned novel FFbU model has the ability to predict and segment different tumor types.


Polycrystalline Bi1-xSmxFeO3 multiferroic samples in the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1 were prepared via solid state reaction method. The effect of samarium ion (Sm3+) doping at the bismuth site in multiferroic BiFeO3 structure and its relation with magnetic and dielectric properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and Impedance Analyzer were used to characterize the structure and the properties of the composition. The XRD results showed that all the compounds are rhombohedral distorted perovskite structure (R3C). The average grain size identified by SEM were 2.61 µm and decreased to 1.18 µm by introducing the element of Sm doping. At room temperature, all samples showed a spontaneous magnetization which was enhanced by doping with Sm3+ ion. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss decreased inversely proportional to the frequency from 102 to 106 Hz.


The purpose of this article is to examine the legal international circulation of goods' regulation, starting by analyzing the characteristics of each regionalism as a kind of integration. It asserts the autonomy and importance of Community Law, and it defends it is application as a mean providing pacification to international conflicts. By the use of literature and documentary review techniques, the present article attempts to present, the overall characteristics and the political/economic process of integration, as well as its' legal organization, with the intention of assisting students explore this topic.


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT : Presently, machine learning (ML) is enjoying an unparalleled surge in applications that solve network security problems and facilitate automation in diverse areas. This is attributed to the sudden explosion in the volume of available data, remarkable improvement in ML techniques, and innovation in computing and networking technology. It is employed in providing solution to both mundane and complex problems such as intrusion detection in information system. Machine Learning Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are among the most promising tools for securing data and networks. In the last century, many classification algorithms such as neural network (NN), decision tree (DT), Naive Bayes (NB) and support vector machine (SVM) have been applied in IDS. However, each of these algorithms is associated with the challenges of tuning the parameters of the classifiers correctly and choosing the best subset features for detection. To overcome these challenges, optimization algorithms like genetic algorithm (GA), ant colony algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and other algorithms are used together with classifiers to make them more efficient. Through a systematic literature review of research on machine learning classifiers and optimization algorithm used in Intrusion Detection System; this paper aim at dealing with the issues associated with machine learning intrusion detection system and present future perspectives for further research in the field of machine learning IDS by exploring the measures suggested in existing studies.


ABSTRACT The study detailed in this paper examines the role of the Global Partnership for Education (GPE) in the transnational policy-making landscape in relation to African fragile and conflict-affected states. Data collection was based on content analysis of a corpus of documents – Education Sector Plans (ESPs)/ Transitional Sector Plans – examining to what extent the main categories identified in the literature concerning global education policy and international development, emerge from the documents. We conclude that certain terms and constructs that emerge from global education discourses recur frequently in the ESPs. The article argues that there is a depoliticisation strategy in the development of the ESPs, making it possible to identify a façade of precision, a façade of rationality and a façade of universality.


This paper focuses on the relevant content of the MVDC-connected photovoltaic system based on the modular cascaded structure. This paper proposes a new topology for the DC grid-connected photovoltaic system with a novel capacitor voltage balancing control strategy, including the module input power ratio feed forward and module capacitor voltage closed-loop control. The proposed control strategy is independent from the realization of the photovoltaic maximum power point tracking function of the first stage. The operation principles of the proposed converter are analyzed and verified by the simulation and experimental results.


This paper introduces a novel layout-style with a reasonable generation algorithm for MOS analog modules in order to guarantee complete routing and perfect matching of devices. The introduced layout-style is applicable to a variety of essential MOS analog circuits. To the transistor layout, we introduce a symmetrical row-based structure where all transistors are transformed to matched pairs by duplicating sub-netlists or decomposing into sub-transistors. Further to these transistors, a generation algorithm is proposed to maximize the diffusion-sharing along the current paths. Several design examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.


(1) Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA, USA; Now at University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences, United Kingdom (firstname.lastname@example.com), (2) Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA, USA, (3) Institute of Earth Sciences (ISTO) University of Orléans, Orléans, France, (4) Department of Earth Sciences, University of Roma TRE, Rome, Italy, (5) Institute of Geophysics Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zürich, Switzerland, (6) Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA, (7) Université d'Orléans, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France; Now at Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, LFC-R, UMR 5150, Pau, France


The results of integrity of narrowband and wideband lumped element circulators design methodology to the computer aided design system of microwave devices AWR Microwave Office are presented in the article. The calculation method of narrow band circulators circuits which consist of serious and shunt tuning capacities is investigated. The simple and visual method of wideband ferrite isolators optimize design based on circulation impedance calculation is described here. The results of design of the ultra wideband circulator with shunt capacity, serious resonant matching circuit and serious resonant circuit between common terminal and ground are considered. The new theoretical results of calculation of two schematics of wideband high power circulators with serious tuning capacity are presented. The first schematic is formed with matching resonant network being connected in serious at each terminal. It is shown that double hump characteristic is realized. The second schematic is formed with serious resonant network connected between common terminal and the ground. It is shown that four-order Tchebycheff characteristic is realized.


The invention belongs to the correction of power test equipment and instrument, relates to a method and device for correcting an online tester of MOA (metal oxide arrester) leakage current and is suitable for correcting the online tester of MOA leakage current. The method comprises the following steps: a standard source generates standard voltage and current signals; the standard voltage and current signals generated by the standard source are input into an online tester of MOA leakage current to be corrected for measurement. The device comprises a control unit, a voltage signal generating unit, a harmonic-containing current signal generating unit and a self-correcting unit; the voltage signal generating unit and the harmonic-containing current signal generating unit are both connected with the self-correcting unit; the self-correcting unit is connected with the control unit; the control unit is connected with the voltage signal generating unit and the harmonic-containing current signal generating unit; and the voltage signal generating unit and the harmonic-containing current signal generating unit output standard voltage signals and standard current signals respectively. Through the invention, the generated standard voltage and current signals can simulate the operation conditions of various MOAs.


The article deals with the supertexts (discourse) based on the military reports of the Soviet Information Bureau and the artistic and journalistic materials of the Great Patriotic War which are chronologically corresponded to each other. The historical and social significance of the activity of the Soviet Information Bureau is evaluated. The results of the stylistic comparison of the military reports and the literary works integrated situationally, modally and spatially are also presented in this article.


For the characteristics of high-speed train tracking operation on long heavy down grade of High-speed Railway, a cellular automaton dynamiccs model is proposed to simulate the energy consumption of multi-train tracking operation on long heavy down grade based on the NaSch model. Through numerical simulation, this paper studies the influence of different long slope value on the energy consumption of high-speed railway traffic flow. The simulation results show that the energy consumption model can accurately reflect the energy consumption of multi-train tracking operation on long heavy down grade. At the same time, the phenomenon of traffic waves that sometimes go and sometimes stop is reproduced. According to the simulation results, it can be concluded that the total energy consumption of multi-train tracking flow decreases gradually with the increase of slope value. The simulation results show that the energy consumption of starting, accelerating and decelerating of high-speed trains will decrease with the decrease of slope value. The results provide a scientific theoretical basis for efficient operation and energy-saving operation of high-speed railway. It has some guiding significance.


Cadmium is principally dispersed in natural and agricultural environments through various industrial and agricultural activities.This trace metal is a pollutant and potential toxin that has no known function in any biological organism,and is one of the most dangerous heavy metals for the environment due to its high mobility and low toxic concentration in organisms.As a core of agricultural ecosystem,soil-plant system loads chemicals and sewage,and is the key of transfer of cadmium to food chain.Therefore,controlling transfer of cadmium in the food chain through plant biotechnology and agronomic management,including reducing cadmium content in phosphoric fertilizer,increasing soil pH,improving crop rotation may be the available approach for agricultural food safety.


In view of the recognized importance of electrostatic fields regarding turbulent transport, the radial electric field in a tokamak with magnetic field ripple is reconsidered. Terms in the ambipolarity condition involving the radial derivative of the field are derived from an extended drift-kinetic equation, including effects of second order in the gyroradius. Such terms are of interest in part because of their known importance in rotational relaxation equations for the axisymmetric case. The electric field is found to satisfy a nonlinear differential equation that is universal in a certain sense, and that implies spatial relaxation of the potential to its conventionally predicted value.


I had a student, Jackie Knox, who died in a car crash just before the start of the past school year. I owed her a paper; she had made a comparison of Beckett's Catastrophe and Gambaro's Information for Foreigners. The paper had gotten into the wrong pile—meaning the pile right in front of me on my desk, the pile marked "urgent" in my head but somehow remote from my priority on a momentby-moment basis ("to do the really important things first I'll need to do this and then this . . . Then, oh my native mind will be restored and with fresh will I'll . . . Then the car flips"). I owed her comments. From her conclusion:


Objective:To assess the value of clinical blood transfusion in ISO15189.Method:The clinical blood transfusion in Boai Hospital of Zhongshan from Jan 2008 to Dec 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Result:There were all 5742 cases of clinical blood transfusion in 2008,which was 23.1% higher than that of 2007.The amount of whole blood reduced by 40%,but the amount of frozen platelets,plasma,and suspension erythrocyte increased by 103.8%,92.30% and 19.10%,respectively.Conclusion:It would be helpful to monitor clinical blood transfusion in rational use of blood and Laboratory ISO15189 Accreditation.


The study presents the contribution in engineering of surfaces particularly in surface morphology of Austenitic Stainless Steels. The objective of the investigation was to determine the surface morphology of austenitic stainless steel after turning with coated carbide tool point. The investigation included geometrical parameters of SI for different cutting parameters in dry turning process of austenitic stainless steel. The study has been performed within a production facility during the production of electric motor parts and deep-well pumps.


The seed-corn maggot, Hylemyia cilicrura Rondani, is a pest of various crops, such as corn, beans, and potatoes, during the period of seed germination. The following investigation on the nutrition of the larva of this species sheds some particidarly useful light on the question of the exact rôle of bacteria in the nutrition of the fly larva and clears up a question of much economic importance in regard to the biology of the species. From the economic point of view it was desired to learn whether or not the action of bacteria must precede the attack of the larva upon potato seed pieces, sprouting corn, and other plants susceptible to attack by the insect. From the theoretical standpoint it is important to know more about the food substances which are ess^itial to larval development and wWch are made available by microorganisms. HISTORICAL


In recent years, clean energy is widely used and development, and the development of clean energy, can optimize the structure of energy resources, and protect the natural environment. In this paper, combining with the practical situation of Sanming area energy development, systematic analysis of clean energy development, can accelerate the development of Sanming city power grid, and concrete respectively expounds the photovoltaic technology, wind power generation technology, small hydropower technology and waste heat power generation technology, etc.


L-convex functions are nonlinear discrete functions on integer points that are computationally tractable in optimization. In this paper, a discrete Hessian matrix and a local quadratic expansion are defined for L-convex functions. We characterize L-convex functions in terms of the discrete Hessian matrix and the local quadratic expansion.


This report contains geotechnical and geologic data from 62 CPT soundings and 29 hollow-stem auger borings performed at four sites of permanent ground deformation caused by the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake. Three of the sites were in the epicentral region within the San Fernando Valley, the fourth site was in Potrero Canyon. All four sites experienced high levels of ground shaking and ground cracking and were in areas where underground utilities, gas transmission lines, and foundations were damaged. The subsurface investigations found materials with a low resistance to liquefaction at three of the sites Balboa Boulevard, Wynne Avenue, and Potrero Canyon and a weak soft clay at the fourth site Maiden Street. INTRODUCTION The January 17, 1994, Ms=6.8 Northridge, California, earthquake created an estimated property loss of between $20 and 30 billion (Holzer and others, 1996), and was responsible for 57 fatalities and more than 9,000 people injured (Gordon, 1994). The earthquake occurred on a blind reverse fault beneath the San Fernando Valley. No primary surface faulting was associated with the earthquake (Gordon, 1994). The widespread damage to buildings, roads and life lines is attributed to the location of the epicenter within an urban region and the unusually high ground motions for a California earthquake of this size. Peak accelerations ranged from 1.8 g, at Tarzana (7 km from the epicenter) to 0.9 g at Sylmar (15 km from the epicenter) to 0.5 g at several other sites within 40 km of epicenter (Peterson, 1994). Ground cracks and ground failures in the alluvium underlying the San Fernando Valley were extensive during the earthquake but the mechanism of failure at some sites was unclear. This report contains subsurface data that we collected to help resolve the questions as to the mechanisms of failure. A preliminary report was published by Holzer and others (1996). Holzer and others (in press) present a comprehensive analysis of these data. Investigations were conducted at four ground failure sites during 1995 and 1996. The investigation consisted of cone and standard penetration tests, in-situ vane tests, and Shelby tube sampling. Laboratory tests on samples included: grain size, water content, bulk density, Atterberg limits, and laboratory vane tests. These investigations also were augmented with other USGS investigations described in Holzer and others (in press). METHODS Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Cone penetration tests were made at each of the four sites to define stratification and measure penetration resistance for use in estimating liquefaction resistance. The cone used is a 10-ton subtraction cone with a single element strain gauge in a 3.6 cm diameter housing. The 60-degree conical tip has an end area of 10 cm2 . The sleeve behind the tip has an area of 150 cm2 . The cone was advanced into the ground at a rate of 2-cm per second. The procedures and equipment follow 1 the requirements described in the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM)guidelines D-3441-79 (ASTM, 1983). Standard Penetration Test (SPT) Following CPT soundings, SPT borings were made about 1.5 m away to measure dynamic penetration resistance for liquefaction analyses and to obtain samples for soil index tests. The SPT procedures follow the ASTM guidelines in D1586-67 (ASTM, 1983). These procedures were modified (Youd and Bennett, 1983) for use with hollow-stem augers (25-cm outside and 10-cm inside diameter). A Mobile2 split barrel "ADO standard penetration sampler" (5 cm outside and 3.5 cm inside diameter) was used with liners. The sampler was driven into the soil with a Mobile "In-hole sampling hammer" (64 kg) falling 76 cm. The hammer is raised and dropped using a Mobile "Safe-T-Driver" hoist. After the hydraulic system has lifted the hammer the required distance the winch is reversed and cable is thrown off the hoist allowing the hammer to fall freely. The penetration resistance (N) is equal to the number of hammer blows to advance the sampler 30 cm after an initial seating of 15 cm. The measured overall efficiency of this system is 68 percent (Douglas and Strutynsky, 1984). Samples were described in the field (including color), water content samples were sealed in containers, and carbon samples for dating were also collected. Undisturbed samples were taken with thin-walled Shelby tubes (7.6 x 91 cm and 8.9 x 76 cm). Tubes were slowly pushed into the soil past the tip of the auger, the auger was then advanced the sampling length, following which the tube was then rotated to shear off the sample from the undisturbed soil. In-situ field vane tests were made through the hollow-stem auger to a maximum depth of about 6.4 m. The hand held vane instrument is a Pilcon model DR 799. The vane was rotated at 90 degrees per minute. This is a faster than recommended rate, but because the device is hand held and operated without a gearing system it was a rate that could be reproduced with confidence. Justification for the high rate is described in Holzer and others (in press). Laboratory Methods Index tests conducted in the laboratory include; grain size (D422-63, ASTM, 1983), liquid limit (D423-66, ASTM, 1983), plastic limit (D424-59, ASTM, 1983), and water content (D2216, ASTM, 1983). Samples were classified using the Unified Soil Classification (D2488-69, ASTM, 1983) as modified by Howard (1984). Shelby tube samples were cut into 15 cm lengths for bulk density and vane tests. The length of each subsample was measured and the tube and sample weighed. A pocket penetrometer was then used to measure compressive strength at the end of the sample. Next, shear strength was measured using a Wykeham Farrance laboratory vane shear with the sample still in the tube. The vane (12.7 x 12.7 mm) was pushed into the sample 40 mm and rotated at 90 degrees per minute. Peak strength, residual strength and remolded strength were determined, then the vane was removed and a water content sample was taken from the area of the vane test. The sample was then extruded and described. Results of the laboratory tests are 2Use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only. shown in Table 2. CPT profiles, SPT data, median grain size and fines content, and brief field descriptions are shown in the logs. Radiocarbon Analyses Radiocarbon dates were determined using the accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) technique. The reported dates have been adjusted by carbon-13 for total isotope effect generated in both nature and during the physical and chemical laboratory procedures. The carbon-13 content was measured concurrently with that of carbon-14 and carbon-12 in the accelerator beam, allowing a precise correction. These dates are reported as RCYBP (radiocarbon years before 1950 A.D.). By international convention, the half-life of radiocarbon is taken as 5568 years and 95% of the activity of the National Bureau of Standards Oxalic Acid (original batch) used as the modern standard. The quoted errors are from the counting of the modern standard, background, and sample being analyzed. They represent a one standard deviation statistic (68% probability), based on the international convention, no corrections are made for DeVries effect, reservoir effects, or isotope fractionation in nature, unless specifically noted (Table 4). Stable carbon ratios are measured on request and are calculated relative to the PDB-1 international standard; the adjusted ages are normalized to -25 per mil carbon 13 (Bennett and Tinsley, 1995). Liquefaction Resistance Liquefaction resistance (figs. 28 and 29) was calculated using guidelines developed in the NCEER workshop on evaluation of liquefaction resistance held in Salt Lake City, Utah, January 4 and 5, 1996 (Youd and Idriss, 1997). These guidelines update the empirical work of Seed and others (1985). The NCEER guidelines were incorporated into an Excel spreadsheet by Sam Gilstrap of Brigham Young University (written communication, 1996). Liquefaction resistance is shown in Table 3. Holzer and others (in press) discuss the levels of ground motion used in the analyses (Table 3) and they also describe the overall approach used in the analysis. SITES The first phase of the investigation began in May 1995 when CPT soundings were obtained at each site. Once the stratigraphy had been determined, SPT's were conducted to obtain samples and blow counts for liquefaction analysis. The first phase concluded in August 1995. The second phase started and ended in June 1996. CPT's and SPT's were conducted in areas outside the failure zones at Wynne Avenue and Maiden Street to determine with more certainty the subsurface conditions outside the failure zones. Balboa Boulevard The Balboa Boulevard site is located in the northern end of the San Fernando Valley where a 5-km wide complex of ground cracks formed. This complex of cracks was the most damaging ground failure to occur during the earthquake (Hecker and others, 1995). Foundations of homes were damaged and buried utilities were ruptured. One very large gas main in the middle of Balboa Boulevard was ruptured and the gas subsequently caught fire, destroying several homes. Our investigation was conducted in an unnamed alley (parallel to Balboa Boulevard) about 40 m west of Balboa Boulevard. The alley is in the western section of the main zone of cracks. These cracks run generally perpendicular to the regional topographic slope of 1.6%. The Balboa profile line was about 570-m long, and included 17 CPT soundings and 13 borings. Borings were used for SPT's, Shelby tube samples, field vane tests, and water monitoring wells. The monitoring wells were used to check the stability of the ground water level. The locations of the soundings and borings are shown in figures 1, 2, and 3. Maiden Street The Maiden Street site is located in a vacant lot that was intersected by a 0.5-km-long system of cracks that broke lifelines and damaged the foundations of several houses. There the crack system trends genera


Experiments are carried out using nanostructured materials as a strengthening element to produce three-layer composites with different structures (nanocrystalline – NC, microcrystalline – MC and coarse-grained – GC) of the titanium alloy VT6 in the low temperature superplasticity conditions. It is established that if the combination of the NC, MC, GC structures is retained in the lowered temperatures it allows for the composite materials to have higher strength and plasticity properties and to achieve a higher level of structural strength.


The existence of a dispute has typically been the starting point for inquiries into dispute processing and resolution. This paper explores the origins of disputes in grievances and claims. It reports on a survey of households estimating the rates of grievances, claims, and disputes which could have been processed by a civil court of general jurisdiction. The paper also explores multivariate models of the probabilities that households experience substantial grievances, that claims for redress are made, and that disputes result. The models assess the contributions of household and problem characteristics to these transitions. By treating disputes as problematic outcomes of injurious experiences, the paper contributes to an assessment of the adversariness of American society.


The tradition which prescribes "good practice" within nursery education makes it difficult to examine anything other than the "surface curriculum" (Bussis et al1976). In this study, qualitative analysis of focussed interviews with twenty four nursery teachers indicates that many of the teachers faced a number of dilemmas in implementing a nursery curriculum, and in relating theory to practice. A curriculum placing heavy emphasis on sound relationships is evident at every level of nursery life. Teachers make both longand short‐term plans within the nursery while at the same time seeking to extend children's interests in a variety of ways. They also strive to observe and record children's development and progress as effectively as possible.


Several studies have shown that chitosan possesses characteristics favorable for promoting dermal regeneration and accelerated wound healing. In this work we have reported the work that has been done on the development and characterization of biocompatible and biodegradable chitosan based matrices to be used as skin scaffolds. Poly(vinylpyrrrolidone) (PVP) was used as copolymer and a two steps methodology of freeze-drying and gamma irradiation was used to obtain the porous matrices. The influence of PVP content, synthesis procedure and absorbed radiation dose on matrices' physical, chemical and structural properties was evaluated by ATR-FTIR, TGA, SEM, contact angle measurements and degradation behavior. The in vitro cellular viability and proliferation of HFFF2 fibroblast cell line was analyzed as a measure of matrices' biocompatibility and ability to assist skin regeneration. Results show that over the studied range values, gamma-radiation dose, copolymer concentration and synthesis procedure can be used to tailor the matrices' morphology in terms of porosity and surface roughness. Early results from biological assays evidence the biocompatibility of the prepared chitosan/PVP matrices since cells adhered to the surface of all matrices (chitosan/PVP (5%) γ-irradiated at 10 kGy presents the higher cellular viability). These features show that the resultant matrices could be a potential suitable scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.


Through the investigation of the current status of the course of national traditional sports in colleges and universities in 13 Shandong university,it found the events and number of the traditional folk sports are different.on the whole,the traditional folk sports become indispensable component and begin to take shapes in the PE teaching of the Shandong university,but lots of universities put Wushu as the main traditional folk sports,others less.According to the situation,the universities should follow the actual situation to increase the events;strengthen the construction of teachers and the practice teaching and research;Leaders from the strategic height in colleges and universities to develop the folk sports and the importance of national culture.


Railway infrastructure maintenance is a critical activity for ensuring safe train operations, due to the constant mechanical stress and wear and tear that crucial parts of the infrastructure such as rail and catenary undergo under use. Several methodologies and systems have been devised for diagnosing and prevent anomalies and minimize safety risks, that measure geometrical parameters and assess the way the infrastructure interacts with the train. While those techniques help at identifying anomalies when they occur, sometimes they are not able to provide enough evidence on the reasons behind the failure. A visual inspection can surely help in assessing the causes of failure, especially when they happen during train operations, without introducing any disruption to the service to schedule a specific check with a visit to the site. This work investigates the design of a stereo vision system that can be mounted on diagnostic trains so that a virtual visit to the site can be done when needed, by providing a 3d reconstruction of the surrounding of a train path. To achieve this, in the proposed system two color cameras can be mounted on the head or tail locomotive in a stereo configuration. They are triggered by an axle encoder mounted on the train at a fixed distance of 2 mt. This way the acquired point clouds can be registered together to achieve a full 3d reconstruction of the train path so that an offline, remote inspection of parts of the rails and catenaries can support in detecting, and possibly prevent, future anomalies. Moreover, since the reconstruction extends beyond train paths for a few meters, the 3d reconstruction of the railway can be exploited in different ways too, for example by preventing that foreign objects invade and jeopardize the train loading gauge.


The common structural format,construction technology process and main construction methods of float glass production line pool main crown were introduced,and it pointed out that the choice of crown fetus structure and supporting way should be in response to the requirement of design.The methods to construct crown were chose according to the different crown structure,which could be constructed after fixing crown fetus finishing and inspection and acceptance,and the accuracy of measuring settingout,the depth of morta joint,the full of slurry,the quality of capsize of crown brick and seal were controlled mainly in constructing big crown.


Multidimensional scaling (MDS) methods are designed to establish a one-to-one correspondence of input-output relationships. While the input may be given as high-dimensional data items or as adjacency matrix characterizing data relations, the output space is usually chosen as low-dimensional Euclidean, ready for visualization. MDSLocalize, an existing method, is reformulated in terms of Sanger's rule that replaces the original foundations of computationally costly singular value decomposition. The derived method is compared to the recently proposed high-throughput multi-dimensional scaling (HiT-MDS) and to the well-established XGvis system. For comparison, real-value gene expression data and corresponding DNA sequences, given as proximity data, are considered.


Disclaimer The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Office of Introduction Since its beginning in 1965 as a part of the War on Poverty, Head Start's goal has been to boost the school readiness of low-income children. Based on a " whole child " model, the program provides comprehensive services that include preschool education; medical, dental, and mental health care; nutrition services; and efforts to help parents foster their child's development. Head Start services are designed to be responsive to each child's and family's ethnic, cultural, and linguistic heritage. In the 1998 reauthorization of Head Start, Congress mandated that the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) determine, on a national level, the impact of Head Start on the children it serves. As noted by the Advisory Committee on Head Start Research, this legislative mandate required that the impact study address two main research questions: 1  " What difference does Head Start make to key outcomes of development and learning (and in particular, the multiple domains of school readiness) for low-income children? What difference does Head Start make to parental practices that contribute to children's school readiness? "  " Under what circumstances does Head Start achieve the greatest impact? What works for which children? What Head Start services are most related to impact? " The Head Start Impact Study Final Report 2 addressed these questions by reporting on the impacts of Head Start on children and families during the children's preschool, kindergarten, and 1 st grade years. This Third Grade Follow-up to the Head Start Impact Study Final Report addresses these same questions by looking at longer-term effects through the end of 3 rd grade. 1) Determine the impact of Head Start on:  Children's school readiness, and  Parental practices that support children's development. 2) Determine under what circumstances Head Start achieves its greatest impact and for which children.


A number of cases of undulant fever due to B. abortus infection have been reported in the United States. The majority of these have been in males. In the cases of women, no mention has been made of conditions referable to the genital tract, although the bloody uterine discharge is common in cattle having this disease. The epidemiology of the disease, and the role of domestic animals, especially the cow, appears to have been satisfactorily settled following the work of Evans, 1 Huddleson 2 and Duncan. 3 The case reported here is submitted with the added interest of being the first from the large dairy areas of the Pacific Coast states, where B. abortus infection is widespread among the cattle. One can but speculate on the possibly unrecognized cases among human beings. In line with the latter thought, the case was presented with the history and all laboratory data excepting the


The purpose of the article is to analyze and assess the level of nonperforming loans in the portfolio of the TOP-14 banks that are most actively lending to agriculture. It is substantiated that problem loans of banks should be considered as one of the most important indicators of the state of the economy. The balances of funds on non-performing loans in the total volume of bank loans provided to agriculture in 2023 were analyzed. The main banks – "collectors" of problem loans in agricultural lending have been identified. Banks with the smallest share of problem loans to agriculture are presented. The dynamics of the volume and share of non-performing loans in agriculture in the portfolio of banks included in the study sample is shown. The share of non-performing loans in agriculture in national and foreign currency in the portfolio of non-performing loans of the analyzed banks was determined. It is substantiated that state and most commercial banks prefer lending to agriculture mainly in the national currency. There is an increase in the share of non-performing loans in the whole banking system of Ukraine for the period 2018-2023. On the basis of statistical data, methodological approaches are proposed in the context of the work of banks with bad debts.


This study aims to determine whether the work environment, job satisfaction and work involvement affect work productivity, and whether the work environment influences employee productivity with job satisfaction and employee involvement as mediators. Research results show that (1) Work Environment has a significant effect on Job Satisfaction; (2) Work Environment has a significant effect on Employee Engagement; (3) Job Satisfaction does not have a significant effect on Employee Productivity; (4) Employee Engagement does not have a significant effect on Employee Productivity; (5) Work Environment has a significant effect on Employee Productivity; (6) Job Satisfaction does not significantly influence the mediation of the Work Environment towards Employee Productivity; (7) Employee involvement does not have a significant effect as mediating the Work Environment towards Employee Productivity Keywords: Work environment, employee engagement, job satisfaction, employee productivity


schenkers argument and the claims of music theory is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the schenkers argument and the claims of music theory is universally compatible with any devices to read.