This study examined how teachers' feedback was shaped by their context including community and institutional cultures and their beliefs about students and how they learn. A novel method of analysis showed that the type of information in the feedback could be linked to various aspects of context. While generic models of feedback have been proposed, the study suggests that more attention to how teachers use feedback within different contexts will increase understanding of good feedback models and ultimately help teachers to use a repertoire of feedback strategies strategically.


national culture, particularly from an intellectual and literary history perspective. Within the pantheon of authors and thinkers who are part of what has been defined as a Peruvian intellectual canon, those who define themselves as Amazonians are usually absent from it. However, several intellectuals have worked for the dissemination of their culture from the Amazon. This work brings together three studies of intellectual trajectories and strategies of three Amazonian authors: Francisco Izquierdo Rios, Javier Davila Durand and Arnaldo Panaifo Teixeira.


To provide a glass substrate for a detergent composition of a flat panel display device. A glass substrate cleaner composition for flat panel display of the present invention, nonionic surfactant alkylene oxide is added to the oil, a polyhydric alcohol compound, an alkali metal hydroxide, and water wherein, characterized in that it is a PH12~pH14. .FIELD 1


Weak, static, varying and high electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and waves derive their origins from both natural and man-made sources. The proximity of biological systems to electrical transformers, high voltage transmission and distribution systems, which operate at lowfrequencies (50/60 Hz) have been known to have differing biological responses on animals, plants, microorganisms, human beings and the surrounding environments. For some important agricultural crops, the effects of low-frequency EMFs increased germination, shoot and root lengths; fresh and dry weights; or the release of oxygen. While the above traits were inhibited in some other crops, yet there were no noticeable low-frequency EMFs effects in some other plants. Because of these conflicting results, coupled with the difficult and complicated evaluation of weak electromagnetic fields effects on plants, it was thought to be species-specific. Therefore, extensive literature search, review and plane waves mathematical analyses were used to model the effects of alternating electromagnetic fields in plantain pseudostems. The results show the determination of some important parameters like the Poynting power flow, conductance, conductivity, quality factor, penetration depth, propagation coefficient and Lamor radius for trapped ions of the thermic environment in plantains. Moreover, with suitable materials manufacture, modifications and mimicking, large amounts of power can be transmitted to the load using plantain pseudostems. In addition, the pico-farad capacitance values determined for plantains in this study; require very low voltages to drive digital circuits, reduce the signal-to-noise ratio when compared to analogue circuits and thus, enhance efficiency and performance characteristics in prime industries like energy, entertainment, recreation, transportation and telecommunications, which have become more and more digitalised. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Major causes of ecological environment situation and rural environment issues in the construction of new socialist countryside in China are analyzed. Two necessities of introducing circular economy development mode of eco-agriculture and forestry into the construction of new socialist countryside are expatiated. One is the needs of the rural eco-environmental situation, and the other is to realize the fundamental change of agricultural growth mode. Specific characteristics, existing foundation and current resistance of the circular economy of eco-agriculture and forestry are studied. Major principles in introducing circular economy mode of eco-agriculture and forestry into the construction of new socialist countryside are presented. Support system for constructing the circular economy mode of eco-agriculture and forestry is discussed, including the improved government function and regulatory mechanism, marketing organization, farmers professional cooperative organization, leading enterprise, circular economic market system of eco-agriculture and forestry, and human resources. Taking Huaping County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, China as an example, "919" circular economic model in this county and its development result are analyzed.


The paper shows how the Western motion picture industry contributed to the othering of race and gender. The career of Anna May Wong, a Chinese-American actress famous in the 1920-1940's, includes many movies dealing with the curse of miscegenation and the erotization of her exotic body. Her characters were deeply stereotyped and derogatory to the Chinese-American community. She was the victim of an oppressive racist and sexist system, but at the same time was reluctantly involved in its reproduction. The actress is today celebrated by her community, and became a gay icon because of the camp dimension of the Dragon Ladies she used to play on the screen. Her career and movies prove that race and gender domination matrices support each other in a way that makes them almost undifferentiated. It is suggested these figures of the Oriental women have nourished Western fantasies, leading to the development of sex tourism in East-Asia.


In this review,the electroluminescence mechanism of 8-hydroxyquinoline metal complexes was expounded, the research progress of 8-hydroxyquinoline metal complexes-containing copolymers was mainly overviewed, and four main ways to obtain the complex were summarized.Electroluminescent properties of 8- hydroxyquinoline metal complexes were introduced.The applications of 8-hydroxyquinoline metal complexes containing copolymers were prospected.


This project focuses on education as an opportunity to unify children's literature and comprehensive training, based on different perspectives and theoretical authorities, in order to look at the educational terms, acquiring a current value for their contributions to the school, around pedagogical and didactic strategies that guarantee the integrality of the being, from the first years of life and the own dimensions of children´s development. The thesis visualizes the need to continue investigating around these problems, and thus rethink its sense and appropriate it in an assertive way in the Educational Institutions, where at the present time children's literature is still seen as a paradigm that does not match the areas of knowledge and it seems not to be linked to the integrality of being.
The pertinence of the project is evidenced in the investigation of concepts that have taken a common use over time, without having the necessary transcendence to improve and guarantee the innovation of educational practices


Abstract Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is one of the medicinal plants that its essential oil yield has abundance medicinal and food value. One of the main concepts in the production of medicinal plants is to increase of yield by biofertilizers. In order to evaluate the separate and combined effect of nitrogen and biofertilizer Nitroxin (mixture of bacteria Azotobacter and Azospirillum) fertilizer on vegetative traits, grain yield and essential oil yield of coriander, an experiment was conducted as a factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the field research of Islamic Azad University, Jiroft, Iran. The experiment factors were consisted of three levels of nitrogen (0, 75 and 150 kg·ha−1) and three levels of Nitroxin biofertilizer (0, 2 and 4 L·ha−1). The results showed that application of 150 kg·ha−1 N significantly increased height and stem diameter, number of lateral branches and shoot dry weight, compared with control and application of 75 kg·ha−1 N. Nitroxin biofertilizer significantly improved vegetative traits of coriander when compared with control, so that application of 4 L·ha−1 of Nitroxin caused increase the mean of traits compared to control. In the most evaluated growth traits, the highest means were obtained with combining of 150 kg·ha−1 N with 4 L·ha−1 of Nitroxin. Application of 150 kg·ha−1 N increased the number of umbels per plant, 1000 seeds weigh, seed yield and essential oil yield, 29.9, 33.0, 72.9, 40.7, 147.4 and 177.1 percent, compared with the control, respectively. In the presence of Nitroxin, yield and yield component and essential oil yield of coriander increased significantly. Maximum average of these traits obtained when 4 L·ha−1 of Nitroxin was applied. Integrated of nitrogen and Nitroxin increased yield and yield component and essential oil yield significantly, when compare with application separately of them. So that the maximum mean of these traits obtained with combined application of 150 kg·ha−1 nitrogen and 4 L·ha−1 of Nitroxin. The results of this research was showed that application Nitroxin biofertilizer have an important role in increase of quantity and quality yield of coriander medicinal plant and can be used as an alternative of nitrogen fertilizer in sustainable agriculture.


Objective To explore the histological characteristics of sporadic hepatitis E. Methods The bioptic liver
tissues from 18 cases of patients with sporadic hepatitis E were observed under light and electron microscope. Results
The total liver tissues showed the changes of acute hepatitis. Their pathological features were feathery degeneration, con-
nective separation of hepatocytes, loss of villi and cholestasis of cholangioles. Furthmore, the heaptocytes with the nuclear
condensation, dilation of rough endoreticula, loss of ribosomes and increase of lysosomes were surrounded, phagocytosed or
fell into Disse's spaces. The lymphocytes there were stick - like granules in some of them embraced and attached the de-
generate or necrotic hepatocytes. There were predominant inflammation in portal areas, presenting that mononuclear cells
such as lymphocytes, plasmocytes and so on were extruded into the lobules. Conclusions There were a few histopatholo-
gical characteristics in sporadic hepatitis E. The cell - mediated immune injury might be a main pathogenesis of hepatitis
E.


A real-time software-defined GPS receiver for the L1 C/A and L2C codes has been developed as a low-cost space weather instrument for monitoring ionospheric scintillation and total electron content. The so-called CASES receiver implements several novel processing techniques not previously published that make it well suited for space weather monitoring: (A) a differencing technique for eliminating local clock effects, (B) an advanced triggering mechanism for determining the onset


The present experimental work is focusing principally on the GaAlAsSb/GaAsSb cascade cell, which is of particular interest since it offers the optimum bandgap combination of 1.8/1.2 eV for maximum efficiency in high temperature concentrator applications. The major problem experienced thus far in the development of the AlGaAsSb/GaAsSb cell has been the relatively low open circuit voltages (V/sub oc/) that have been characteristic of both top and bottom cell junctions. Addressing this problem continues to be a major objective of the continued development of this cell. The AlGaAs/GaAs cell is being retained as a backup to the antimonide cell. Although the AlGaAs/GaAs cell is not capable of achieving the optimum 1.8/1.2 eV bandgap combination, it avoids problems associated with lattice mismatch with the GaAs substrate and offers a more proven materials technology. Computer analysis of this cell shows that a 1.92/1.43 eV bandgap combination is capable of achieving an active area efficiency of about 27% at Am1.5, 300/sup 0/K, 1 sun. At 500 suns this cell is predicted to have efficiency values of about 30% at 300/sup 0/K and 20% at 475/sup 0/K. Experimental AlGaAs/GaAs cells without AR coatings have exhibited measured efficiency values of about 16% at AM1.5, 1 sun.more » This development effort has been focusing on performance improvement through improved tunnel junction performance, better ohmic contacts, and an optimized AR coating and on fabricating larger area cells.« less


This paper presents the illustrative measurement results of a comprehensive study for understanding the effects of different drive-mode control electronic architectures on the overall performance of a micromachined capacitive vibratory gyroscope. Three different control electronic architectures have been implemented for generating either (a) square wave, (b) sinusoidal wave or (c) complex waveform driving signals for the gyroscope under test. Performance characterization of the gyroscope with these control electronics indicate that the electronics generating the sinusoidal wave drive waveform provides the lowest white noise among the others, with an angle random walk reaching down to 0.03°/hr1/2 at least twice lower than its closest competitor. On the other hand, the bias stability of the gyroscope is observed to be almost unchanged for electronics that generate different drive waveforms indicating that the bias stability is still dominated by a noise source other than the drive-mode control electronic architectures.


The goal of this project was to provide a model of a virtual environment that allows graduate students in the program to develop and practice online teaching strategies geared towards the K12 classroom. The graduate students who are also practicing teachers developed teaching resources using Moodle, a free, open-source course management system. Teaching resources to be discussed and demonstrated in this presentation include lesson plans, wikis, synchronous and asynchronous discussion areas, FAQs, and assessment tools.


The plasmid pHFK 206 consisted of plasmid pBR 322 and an 1.3 × 10-6 D insert, a cloned segment of a soybean rRNA repeating unit with a preferential binding region for soybean RNA polymerase I, was coupled to cyanogen bromide activated agarose (Sepharose 4B) and used for affinity chromatography of RNA polymerases. It could be shown by elution profiles and sodium dodecylsulphate/polyacrylamide slab gels that highly purified RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli MRE 600 bound to pHFK 206- Sepharose as holoenzyme with an apparently full complement of σ-subunit. With initially purified soybean RNA polymerase I from chromatin of 2,4-D treated hypocotyls it was demonstrated that pHFK 206-Sepharose could be used as an affinity chromatography method for purification of soybean RNA polymerase I in high degrees and economy of time.


(A) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a cationic surfactant, (b) from about 0.05% to about 10% by weight of the water-soluble anionic polymers, water-soluble amphoteric polymers, and their discloses a water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of, and (c) a high melting point fatty compound to about 1.0 wt% to about 10 wt%, the conditioning composition comprising (d) an aqueous carrier . At this time, the cationic surfactant and the polymer form a water-soluble complex, the cationic surfactant and the high melting point fatty compound form a gel matrix. The composition is particularly suitable for hair care products such as hair conditioning products for a rinse.


Infant mortality causes psychological, social and economic destruction on families. the of infant other of this study to evaluate and to determinate the causes of infant deaths in Mugla between 2011-2015 with sociodemographic data. MMaatteerriiaall aanndd MMeetthhooddss:: The infant death case, which took place from the 22nd week of pregnancy to birth weight of 500 g and above and up to the first 365 days after birth, was taken into study. In this study, infant deaths registered to the Family Care Pyhisican Units Mugla province between 2011-2015 were examined. Muğla Provincial Infant Death Com-mission was discussed and the infant mortality certificates approved by the Turkish Public Health Instution were handled. The aim of the study is to determine the causes of infant mortality in Mugla and to shed light on precautions to be taken. RReessuullttss::Between 2011 and 2015, 55000 babies were born, 445 stillbirths and 399 infant deaths occurred in Muğla. Infant mortality rate declined from ‰9.5 to ‰7.0 in Muğla, although it increased from ‰9.6 to ‰9.9 in when we arrived in 2015 from 2011. life of infants, mortalities occured %47 in early neonatal, 18% in neonatal, and 35% in postneonatal period.


Political economics on trade policy provides strong theoretical basis for trade protection.By analyzing the latest development of political economics on trade policy in international academic field,the authors point out the emphasis to make further researches.That is,political economics on making trade policy between the members of regional integration organizations and multilateral trade organizations,and political economic analysis on trade policy adjustment and coordination.


This paper examines the cynicism of police chiefs. Data were derived from the questionnaire responses of 519 of 771 Illinois police administrators (67.3 percent). The results indicate that cynicism among chiefs gradually declines with experience in office. In addition, chiefs with more education and those administering larger police agencies were found to experience less cynicism. However, we also found that there is little variance in police chief cynicism scores and that the mean cynicism score of chiefs is modest. Thus, the conclusion that police chiefs are not a cynical lot seems warranted.


The precursors of short and long gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs and LGRBs) can serve as probes of their progenitors, as well as shedding light on the physical processes of mergers or core-collapse supernovae. Some models predict the possible existence of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) in the precursors of SGRBs. Although many previous studies have performed QPO searches in the main emission of SGRBs and LGRBs, so far there were no systematic QPO searches in their precursors. In this work, we perform a detailed QPO search in the precursors of SGRBs and LGRBs detected by Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) from 2008 to 2019 using the power density spectrum (PDS) in the frequency domain and Gaussian processes in the time domain. We do not find any convinced QPO signal with significance above 3σ, possibly due to the low fluxes of precursors. Finally, the PDS continuum properties of both the precursors and main emissions are also studied for the first time, and no significant difference is found in the distributions of the PDS slope for precursors and main emissions in both SGRBs and LGRBs.


This Special Issue proposes an array of 11 key papers aimed at investigating the complex and multifaceted nature of the biobased economy, focusing both on a conceptual understanding of the transition and on the measurement issues associated to it. More specifically, collected papers can be broadly divided in two groups: (1) those aiming at adding to our understanding of the transition process towards a sustainable biobased economy; and (2) those aiming at adding to the definition and measurement of the emerging sustainable biobased economy. In the guest editor view, papers collected in this Special Issue offer valuable and complementary insights to our understanding of the ongoing transition towards a biobased economy, providing a logical framework to understand the transitions, as well as an overview of existing tools to assess and measure it. Ideally, policy makers will benefit from the papers included in this Special Issue and, hopefully, it will contribute to make a further step to the much-needed transition towards sustainability.


Significance: Li and co-workers report the first total synthesis of (−)-rubriflordilactone B. They obtained the Schisandraceae triterpenoid in a convergent approach by retrosynthetic cleavage of the aromatic ring. Comment: Fragments F and K were joined by a Sonogoshira cross-coupling. Hydrosilylation with Karstedt's catalyst was then followed by 6π-electrocyclization and oxidation to form the aromatic ring, fusing the fragments of the natural product. O O


The problem of state observer design for the linear discrete-time periodic (LDP) system and its robust consideration are discussed in this paper. Applying the lifting technique and algebraic operations based on the well-known CG-algorithm, an iterative algorithm for periodic observer gain can be generated. By optimizing the free parameter matrix in the proposed algorithm, an algorithm on the minimum norm and robust observer design for the LDP systems is presented. One numerical example is worked out to illustrate the effect of the proposed approaches.


This paper develops the method of Lyapunov functions on product spaces for functional diierential equations and discusses stability properties in terms of two measures. It presents an up-to-date information regarding uniform asymptotic stability.bis Sesaxeb.


[Objective] To compare Maria clinical scale for the diagnosis of drug-induced liver disease(DILD) with the current criterion and investigate the validation and the value of this scale.[Methods] The information of 325 suspected cases of DILD was scored by Maria scale and diagnosed by current criterion.The relation between the distribution of scores and the diagnosis of these cases was studied and analyzed.[Results] There were 218 cases conformed to the criterion,and 208 of them(95.41%)were scored ≥10.There were 107 cases that were not coincident with criterion,and 79 of them were scored 10.The area under ROC curve of Maria scale was 0.9121.The 95% confidence interval was(0.8803,0.9439)(Z =25.40,P 0.001).The sensitivity and specificity of Maria score≥10 for diagnosing DILD were 95.41%and 73.83%.[Conclusions] The Maria clinical scale for diagnosing DILD is in correspondence with current criterion.The Maria scale shows good sensitivity and little low specificity and should be improved on basis of actual situation of China.


The article describes rites of worshipping the tree, the cult of which had anticipated the emergence of the main world religions. The Single Poplar is a sacred object of present-day Kalmyk culture believed to have the ability of bestowing good fortune, progeny, and sound health. The rituals performed near the old tree are essentially ancient and have intertwined with the Buddhist tradition.


In ad hoc networks that allow devices to dynamically configure networks via wireless communication, a secure routing protocol is a technology that guarantees the validity of routing with the use of cryptographic authentication. The secure DSR with ID-based sequential aggregate signatures (ISDSR) is a recently introduced secure routing protocol with "cryptographically compact chain," where each device signs both the routing information and signatures generated by the previous device without increasing the size of signatures and the ID information propagated via packets can be utilized as a public key. However, ISDSR requires communication with a centralized key generation center (KGC), and thus a new device may experience difficulties in joining the protocol. Moreover, the implementation results of ISDSR have not been presented. In this work, we present ISDSR+, a new secure routing protocol without a centralized KGC that uses distributed key generation and the conventional features of ISDSR. ISDSR+ relies on a novel signature scheme where any node can receive a secret key as long as the number of available KGCs is more than a certain threshold. In other words, even if several KGCs are unavailable, the remaining available KGCs can still provide secret keys. We furthermore show promising results of ISDSR+ via a prototype implementation on Raspberry Pis. The results show the computational time of 0.1 s for both the secret key generation and the round trip time (RTT) of routing information under reasonable settings. The RTT of ISDSR+ is better than that of a naive secure routing protocol with RSA signatures.


Spectra of 34 H ii regions in the late-type galaxies NGC 1087, NGC 2967, NGC 3023, NGC 4030, NGC 4123, and NGC 4517A were observed with the South African Large Telescope (SALT). In all 34 H ii regions, oxygen abundances were determined through the "counterpart" method (C method). Additionally, in two H ii regions in which we detected auroral lines, we measured oxygen abundances with the classic Te method. We also estimated the abundances in our H ii regions using the O3N2 and N2 calibrations and compared those with the C-based abundances. With these data, we examined the radial abundance distributions in the disks of our target galaxies. We derived surface-brightness profiles and other characteristics of the disks (the surface brightness at the disk center and the disk scale length) in three photometric bands for each galaxy using publicly available photometric imaging data. The radial distributions of the oxygen abundances predicted by the relation between abundance and disk surface brightness in the W 1b and obtained for spiral galaxies in our previous study are close to the radial distributions of the oxygen abundances determined from the analysis of the emission line spectra for four galaxies where this relation is applicable. Hence, when the surface-brightness profile of a late-type galaxy is known, this parametric relation can be used to estimate the likely present-day oxygen abundance in the disk of the galaxy.


By using firm-level data provided by the fourth round of the (Italian) Community Innovation Survey (CIS 2012), this paper explores whether the implementation of specific changes in work organisation within a firm influences its innovation performance, not only directly, but also via reinforcing the link between human capital resources and innovation. The authors also analyse the overall effect of human capital and work organisation, which enables them to identify which combination of these variables leads to the highest level of firms' technological capabilities. Main findings confirm that not only the acquisition of new skills through the hiring of qualified personnel, but also how personnel management affects individual employees on the work floor should be considered to the development of firms' innovation capacity: indeed, work organisation as well as strong positive complementarities or synergy effects between human capital and work organisation have been found to give firms a clear competitive advantage vis a vis both noninnovating firms and firms unable to internally generate new products and processes (i.e. entirely or at least partly by themselves). These positive effects are present and relevant in both manufacturing and service firms, whilst a more differentiated impact has emerged between firms in high-tech and low-tech sectors of the economy. On the whole, the contribution raises some relevant issues about the Italian lack of innovation in work organisation, which requires particular attention by the human resources management of firms and the industrial policy of governments.


Of Hairy Kings and Saintly Slaves: An Ethiopian Travelogue is not what one would expect, even after attending a book launch at which Manuel Joao Ramos presented an English publication translated professionally. It is certainly not the typical anthropological work that younger researchers are familiar with. Ramos's most recent book is a 4-in-1 symphony, combining extracts from his travel diary, letters to a Portuguese weekly, transcriptions of Ethiopian legends from the Gondar and Lake T'ana r...


The living cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-oxazolines with fluorinated aromatic substituents was found to be strongly accelerated by o-fluoro substituents.


Many real-world applications, such as stock markets, energy consumption time series, and scheduling in noisy environments, are characterised by stochastic feedback. In this paper, the evolutionary multi-objective (EMO) techniques, like elitist selection strategies, and the probably approximatively correct (PAC) model are used to analyse the multi-armed bandits (MAB) paradigm that identifies the Pareto front from a finite set of arms with stochastic reward vectors. Each arm is associated with a confidence ball centred in the sampling's mean vector that decreases towards its true vector when the number of samples increases. The Pareto lower upper confidence bound algorithm samples the alternatives for which their confidence ball overlaps with the confidence regions of the Pareto optimal arms. Pareto racing deletes the arms classified with certainty as either suboptimal or Pareto optimal arms. The sample complexity estimates the number of samples required for an accurate approximation of the Pareto front using two different statistics, i.e. empirically determined means or quantiles. The analysed PAC models are empirically compared on realistic datasets with two and three objectives.


The future role of China in world wheat markets is a compelling and important issue for pro ducers in California and the rest of the US. Some analysts have estimated that China will continue to demand large quantities of imported wheat. Others have forecast that China will gradu ally move to a position where domestic supply will meet the nation's demand for wheat. Such strong views on this topic may be somewhat surprising since previous studies of China's wheat supply, demand, and trade have ig nored factors that determine production, consumption, and im porting behavior. Here we examine the effects of China's income growth, urbanization, and market develop ment on its wheat demand. We also study the effects of technology, agri cultural investment, environmental trends, and institutional innovations on China's wheat supply. Together, these factors will determine if China becomes self-sufficient or continues to be the world's largest importer.


A magnetic field enters a type-II superconductor along an arrangement of Abrikosov vortices. They interact with each other with the help of the Lorentz force creating a new mechanical field different from that coming from the crystal lattice of a superconducting material. That new field presents some anomalous properties as compared to the classical ones of the material. This article deals with a modeling and description of a number of those anomalous features of a vortex field in a superconductor.


This report presents the results from an archaeological trial excavation carried out in December 2008 at Branahult, parish of Madesjo, Smaland, southeast Sweden. The investigation was caused by pla ...


We present the results of a perception experiment that uses audio-only speech stimuli to investigate the effect of smiling on speaker traits related to charm and persuasion. Nineteen listeners participated in the experiment and rated excerpts of business pitches given by 18 speakers, 9 males and 9 females, who represented three different groups: non-smilers, occasional smilers, permanent smilers. We find that occasional smilers do best, regardless of gender, when it comes to the charming effect. Men also hardly lose their charm if they smile permanently. The persuasion effect, by contrast, requires fewer smiles. Women should actually not smile at all in order to sound most per-suasive. However, the results also show that women already sound more (occasionally) smiling even when they are not smiling at all and, moreover, findings suggest the existence of a perceptual normalization effect for permanently smiling speakers. The results are discussed with regard to their implications for practical presentation coaching and follow-up studies.


We study the role of steric effects on the induced-charge electro-osmosis (ICEO) phenomenon using a recently developed mesoscale fluid model. A hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian method is used to simulate the dynamics of discrete immersed ions in a thermally fluctuating solvent near a metallic plate embedded in the dielectric interface. We observe that the characteristic velocity scales almost linearly with electric field when the generated $\zeta$-potentials exceed the order of the thermal voltage, as opposed to a quadratic scaling predicted by Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation, although qualitative agreement with experiments and theories is obtained at low electric fields. Our simulations reveal that the steric effects play a crucial role at strong electric fields, which is observed from the aggregation of ions towards the center of the metal plate instead of at the edges, and the overcharging of co-ions to the surface charge near the electric double layer. A comparison to a continuum electrolyte model also highlights significant differences in charge distribution and flow field that are attributed to the steric repulsion between ions.


Weather radars, originally designed to detect and quantify precipitation, can be used to estimate and map the refractivity at low levels, a proxy for humidity. As highlighted by previous studies, this presents a definite meteorological interest, both for numerical weather prediction and for atmospheric process studies. Recent works have given keys to performing high‐accuracy measurements with operational radar without decreasing the quality of reflectivity and Doppler wind classical measurements, and the retrieval of radar refractivity is now performed in real time with the Météo‐France Application Radar à la Météorologie Infra‐Synoptique (ARAMIS) operational network.


A machine for the application of powderlike material onto lining or surface of a structure, wherein an outlet chamber of a screw feeder and a receiving chamber of a manipulator shaft are fashioned as jet pumps in which the powderlike material serves as the medium being pumped and compressed air - as the conveying medium.


Applying a recently developed formalism for calculating charges and the average electronegativity to the solid state, a market influence of the structure type on the charge distribution and on the average electronegativity was discovered; for structures with SiO2 composition (stishovite, coesite, quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite) the average electronegativity decreases with the density as well as with the refractive index.


The presumptive identification studies whicb provide " mean of grouping the rumen bacteria according to physiologicai characteristics were conducted on fistulated cattle and buffalo fed wheat straw - concentrate mixture (CP14%) diet at maintenance level. Streptococcus bovis (20.7), Succinimonas amylalytica (17.2), Bacteroidts ruminicola (6.9) and Bacteroides succinogenes (6.9) % were more readily isolated from cattle than buffalo (6.7, 6.7,0.0 and 3.3% of total isolates). The isolates like Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (20.0), Cillobacterium cellulosolvens (6.7) and Clostridium lochheadii (6.7) were in higher concentration in buffalo vis-a-vis cattle (6.9, 0.0 and 3.4%). Ruminococcus albus (10.3%) was densely populated than Ruminococcus flavefaciens (6.9%) in cattle, while Ruminococcus bromii was equally distributed in cattle (3.4) and buffalo (3.3) % rumen. The occurrence of Bacteroides amylophilus was relatively less in cattle (3.4) than buffalo (16.6) %. The physiology of bacteria revealed that they were celluloytic (28 vs 33%), amlolytic (59 vs 53%) and acid producers from glucose (62 vs 23%). The hydrogen sulphide producing strains of buffalo (30%) were considerably higher than those of cattle (14%).


PKU: phenlketonuria HPA: hyperphenylalaninemia Phe: phenylalanine There is an large diversity in treatment aims and procedures in phenylketonuria (PKU) through the pediatric nutrition and metabolic disease clinics in different regions of Turkey. A survey among professionals was done to determine goals and daily practice.A questionnaire was sent to professionals of the pediatric nutrition and metabolic disease clinics of different regions of Turkey, addressing diagnostic and treatment procedures, numbers of patients necessary for a PKU centre, quidelines followed, numbers of patients treated and professionals involved in care, target phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations, amount of protein prescribed, frequency of monitoring and clinical visits, need for follow-up of various clinical and biochemical data. The dates of diagnosis, blood Phe levels (last 2-3 years), last anthropometric measurements (body weight, height) were ascertained from medical dossiers and records.Eight clinics of six countries answered the questions of daily practices in PKU. Among the various clinics, differences in daily practice were observed with regards to blood Phe values (mg/dL) accepted for initiation of medical nutrition treatment, target blood Phe concentrations (mg/dL), the recommended protein intake and the dosages of protein substitutes, allocating daily Phe allowance, definition of foods that could be eaten without restriction ("free foods"). Responses show that PKU care varies widely between centres, so it was confirmed that it is necessary to develop a guideline specific for Turkey that covers all practices beginning from the screening of newborns to follow-up.


Studied 18 normal mother–infant pairs when the infants were 3 mo, 6 mo, and 9 mo old to determine the frequency of mother–infant interaction involving synchrony, reciprocity, matching, coherence, and attunement. Videotapes of mother–infant interactions revealed that for a long time the mothers and infants did not display positive emotions, and for about 70% of the time they were not in matching stage or in synchrony. The following 6 coping strategies were used by infants to repair mismatches in mother–infant emotions: signal, alternate focus, self-comfort, withdrawal, escape, and avert/scan. Results from other studies are discussed that provide strong evidence for stability in infant coping styles. It is concluded that normal infants experience a large number of mismatches in normal interactions with adults. Infants have coping behaviors for repairing the interactive mismatches and maintaining self-regulation that are largely successful and that begin to stabilize at age 6 mo. When infants experience atypical interaction or unresolvable mismatches, as in the case of maternal depression, they decrease their deployment of coping skills. From this perspective, the pathways to normalcy or psychopathology appear as part of the same developmental process.


A primary screening of amodiaquine as a filaricide using Brugia pahangi .Aedes togoi model infection was carried out. The drug dissolved in 10% sucrose water solution in the concentrations of 100 mg%, 200 mg% and 400 mg% fed ad libitum to the uninfected and infected mosquitoes for 4, 8 and 12 days showed definite insecticidal and filaricidal activities. Key words: primary filaricide screening - amodiaquine - Brugia pahangi - Aedes togoi model infection - filariasis - parasitology


One of the major tasks for the modern business is learning to use all of the data available to them in a way that is both expressive and actionable. However, the potential for using data produced by a website is often left unfamiliar, and as a result, the objectives and feedbacks of individual digital customers can be unheeded. On the average website, there is a plenty of data to be collected about who interrelates with your site and how. By leveraging all of this statistics, we can gain perceptions into customer actions. Machine learning methods can be used to define which customers may be fascinated in achieving a result on your site.


This paper analyzes the current problem of the organization structure existing in enterprises and various corrupt practices that it brings to,elaborats the importance and the necessity which the organization structure should be flatted and change.It also puts forward how to optimize the organization structure according to the standard mode of ISO9001.


Resonances of symmetric and antisymmetric polarization states in tightly coupled nanoshell particles made of either a metallic core and a dielectric shell or, vice versa, a dielectric core and a metallic shell were analyzed at optical frequencies. The investigation was performed by using the single dipole approximation (SDA) with all the dynamical retarded field terms included. Furthermore, analytic formulas for the four possible resonances were derived for the first time by retaining only the static (non-retarded) term in the dipolar field expression. The image principle was used to distinguish a priori between symmetric and antisymmetric modes and for full-wave simulations performed to confirm the identification of resonances achieved by the SDA. It was observed that the resonance frequencies of a pair of nanoshells can be tuned over a wide range of wavelength/frequencies by varying the relative dimensions of the core and shell. This makes this kind of particle pairs suited very well to be adopted either as constituents of metamaterials or to enhance local fields when operating frequencies range from the visible to the infrared spectral regions.


The problem of computing the distance of two real coprime polynomials to the set of polynomials with a nontrivial greatest common divisor (GCD) appears in computer algebra, signal processing, and control theory. It has been studied in the literature under the names approximate common divisor, $\varepsilon$-GCD, and distance to uncontrollability. Existing solution methods use different types of local optimization methods and require a user-defined initial approximation. In this paper, we propose a new method that allows us to include constraints on the coefficients of the polynomials. Moreover, the method proposed in the paper is more robust to the initial approximation than the Newton-type optimization methods available in the literature. Our approach consists of two steps: (1) reformulate the problem as a problem of determining the structured distance to singularity of an associated Sylvester matrix, and (2) integrate a system of ODEs, which describes the gradient associated to the functional to be minim...


The NW-trending tectonic belts in the world are called Tethyan gigantic linear tectonics.The NW-trending structures along Poluokenu Qilian Mountains Qinling are well developed,making up an important set of ore-controlling structures.Based on 1∶200 000 regional gravity survey in northwestern Hebei,this paper has discussed the geophysical(gravity field and magnetic field) evidence and its role in locating important mineral resources. Among the faulted structures,Kangbao Chicheng Miyun rift is the best ore-forming zone for lead,zinc and silver deposits,Zhangbei Zhangjiakou Huailai Changping rift is an active earthquake zone,and Wanquanyulingou Zhuoludaolazui rift may be an important boundary of geotectonic units.


In this letter, we report a 488 nm blue picosecond pulse generation by frequency doubling of a homemade 977 nm watt-level picosecond all polarization maintaining mode-locked fiber laser. Based on a SESAM passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber linear cavity configuration, the 977 nm picosecond seed laser shows a 977.84 nm central wavelength, 0.13 nm spectral width, 12.94 ps pulse duration, 76.09 MHz repetition rate, and 5.12 mW average power, respectively. The average power is further scaled up to 2.06 W by adopting an all-fiber MOPA structure, and the pulse duration and spectral width are slightly broadened to 16.84 ps and 0.24 nm, respectively. Furthermore, a 147.40 mW blue picosecond pulsed laser with a 488.92 nm central wavelength and 0.17 nm linewidth is successfully achieved by frequency doubling in a MgO2:PPLN crystal. Such compact, high-power, and narrow-linewidth picosecond blue laser is a promising candidate for high-resolution imaging, underwater detection and material processing, etc.


Taliu people,a branch of the Yi ethnic group,historically inhabited in Chenghai,Lang'e,and Liude of Yongsheng County in the present Lijiang city of Yunnan Province.Now they mainly live in the Yi and Lisu Ethnic Village of Liude,with a population of about 5000.The ancient graveyard of Taliu people,with thousands of tombs,is located in Yingpan Village of Liude Township of Yongsheng County and it has been listed by the State Council among the sixth group of important cultural relics under the state protection.The graveyard was once the burial area of the four prominent families of Liuta people,with the tombs of the Cheng,Hai and Lan families in the southern section and those of the Wang family,in the central part.As is recorded in the Chinese tablet inscriptions,the Han people from the Central Plain and southern parts of China stationed their troops in Yunnan in early Ming Dynasty and later many of them got married to the local ethnic people.Actually,the four family names of Cheng,Hai,Lan,Wang of the Taliu people can be traced far back to the totem worship of Chenghai and Lange.In early Ming Dynasty,Mao Taihua,the ancestor of Mao Zedong,came to Lancang of Yunnan and joined the garrisoned troop in Mao Jiawan of Fengyu in southern bay of the present Chenghai.Later he married a Liuta girl of the Wang's family.


SUMMARY Spelling correction techniques can be used to improve the recognition accuracy of text recognition systems. In this paper a new spelling-error model is proposed that is especially suited to the correction of recognition errors occurring during the recognition of printed documents. An implementation of this model is described that exploits typographical constraints derived from character shapes. In particular, the fact is used that vertical strokes in character images are seldom misrecognised. Experimental results show: 1) that the sizes of candidate word sets are substantially reduced; and 2) that the probability that the wrong candidate word is chosen is reduced by an average factor of approximately 2 when compared to spelling correction techniques without the use of typographical constraints.


Background: The risk of post-operative adhesive small intestinal obstruction is highest during the first post-operative year. Bowel injury during adhesiolysis increases the post-operative morbidity. Consequently, the conservative management of small bowel obstruction has considerable interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic role of gastrografin in the management of small bowel obstruction.Methods: All patients with simple adhesive small bowel obstruction will be included and treated conservatively for 48hours unless there was evidence of strangulation. After the first 48hours all the patients were given oral gastrografin unless improved or signs of strangulation arise.  The evaluating parameters are the success rate, time to start full oral feeding and total duration of hospital stay.Results: Twenty-five cases were included in which two of them developed clinical evidence of strangulation during the first 48hours and were explored. Three cases improved on the conservative treatment. The remaining twenty cases were given oral gastrografin. Fourteen cases out of twenty showed the contrast dye in their large bowel by 24hours. Those 14 cases tolerated full oral feeding earlier and had shorter hospital stay than the remaining 6 cases that declared treatment failure and underwent surgical exploration.Conclusions: The use of gastrografin as a preliminary step of non-surgical treatment of simple adhesive intestinal obstruction may be helpful. However, further randomized study on a large number of patients was needed.


This paper provides those interested in hazardous‐waste‐site cleanups with both an assessment of robotic opportunities for cleaning up hazardous waste and strong arguments for pursuing the development of this technique. Currently available robotic technology appears to be underutilized in the cleanup of hazardous waste, although it is considered a viable alternative because it offers restoration solutions that are potentially safer and more cost effective than present‐day methods. Environmental‐cleanup contractors need to become familiar with these issues and strongly consider using robotic techniques for cleaning up hazardous waste that may help them maintain a competitive edge in the fast‐growing environmental‐cleanup market.


Acheloios, Thales, and the Origin of Philosophy: A Response to the Neo-Marxians fundamentally changes our understanding of a pivotal moment in the history of mankind – the origin of the philosophical experience in 6th century Ionia. Through a careful analysis of the archaeological record, a close reading of hundreds of ancient sources, and a deep investigation into the various languages of our past, Nicholas Molinari demonstrates the importance of the influence of the cult of Acheloios on Thales; provides a critique of the Neo-Marxian prioritization of coined money and conflation of metaphysical cosmology and philosophy; and, most importantly, reintegrates beauty and love as philosophy's ultimate source.


In this work the effect of Nano-sized Fe2O3 on microstructure and hydration resistance of MgO-CaO refractories with 35 wt% CaO was investigated. MgO-CaO refractories with  35 wt% CaO content was prepared by using dolomite and magnesite calcined as starting materials and Nano-sized Fe2O3 (2,4, 6 and 8 wt%) as an additive. Samples were pressed into briquettes at a pressure of 90 MPa. Briquettes after drying at 110 oC for 24 hours were sintered at 1650 oC for 3 hours. Hydration resistance was measured at 25 oC in 95% relative humidity through the weight gain after 72 hours. According to the results, it is observed that when the amount of Nano-sizedFe2O3 added increased to 8 wt% the bulk density increased to 3.14 gr/cm3 and apparent porosity decreased to 8.20%. For the sample without addition, the mass gain after 72 hours was 1.76, which sharply decreased to 1.27 with increasing the amount of Nano-sized Fe2O3. With the addition of Nano-sized Fe2O3, bulk density and hydration resistance of the samples increased while apparent porosity decreased. Densification of MgO-CaO refractories was promoted to increase of Nano-sized Fe2O3 content. Nano-sized Fe2O3 addition led to formation of low melting phases such as C2F (2CaO.Fe2O3), CF (CaO.Fe2O3) and C3A (3CaO.Al2O3). The formation of this low melting point phases surrounding the CaO and MgO grain and grain boundaries and promoted densification of MgO-CaO refractories. The nature of Nano-sized Fe2O3 promoting densification is increasing the liquid phase sintering.


Melting is the most energy consuming process in the manufacture of mineral wool. This paper dealt with evaluation of two types of energy saving measures in the process of producing mineral wool. In order to detect the energy saving measures that can also provide economic profits, the study examined the following measures: utilization of flue gas heat, thermal power supplement with coke oven gas. The analytical method used for energy saving were material balance and energy balance. It is found that the most effective energy saving measure is thermal power supplement with coke oven gas. The maximum energy saving is up to 39.3% when coke/coke oven gas is 50:1. The economic cost of saving runs to 3.017 million RMB every year.


This paper presents charge transport measurements of two important classes of materials for OLEDs applications, namely, 9,10‐di(2‐naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), and nathylphenylamine compounds (e.g. NPB). Both classes of materials turn out to be bipolar. The mechanisms of bipolar transport will be examined and their impact on device fabrication will be addressed.


AIM To study the effects of ginsen-oside Rg2 on heart failure induced by pentobarbital sodium in dogs. METHODS Heart failure was induced by 3% Pentobarbital Sodium venous drop at rate 0. 5 ml · min-1. Rg2 0. 5,1. 0,2. 0 mg · kg-1 were given by iv to observe the parameters of cardiac hemodynamics. RESULTS In dogs treated with iv ginsenoside Rg2 at dose of 0. 5,1. 0 and 2. 0 mg · kg-1 , the heart rate (HR) was increased. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBF), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and maximum increasing rate ( + dp/ dimax) and left ventricular systolic pressure decreasing rate ( - dp/dtmax) was increased. The left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was de-crerased. CONCLUSION The cardiac hemody-namics of heart failured dogs were improved by ginsenoside Rg2, which indicated the cardiotonic effect of Rg2.


The purpose of the article is to analyze modern methods of influencing the subconscious of the audience in the telethon «Yedini Novyni».

Research methodology. To realize the purpose of the research, a comprehensive approach to the selection of the main research methods was used, namely: observation – for the analysis of the telethon «Edyny Novyni»; historical – for the study of phenomena in the process of their occurrence and in the dynamics of development; generalization and formulation of conclusions. And the implementation of the system approach helped to investigate in more detail modern methods of influencing the subconscious of the audience.

The results. It was determined that the modern information society is equated with the concept of «information war», which is characterized as a special form of influence on citizens from other countries in peacetime or wartime due to the dissemination of relevant information and the protection of citizens of one's country from such influence. Due to the start of a full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine, which took place on February 24, 2022, the national telethon «Edyny Novyny» began its work with the aim of refuting Russian propaganda and fakes related to the situation in Ukraine.

After analyzing the structure of the national telethon, it was found out that it consists of informational teleplots with different topics: socio-political, military, economic, medical, cultural-historical, sports, scientific, logistical, etc. In addition, as part of our research, one of the issues of the national telethon was analyzed. And in accordance with the purpose of the research, modern methods of influencing the subconscious of the viewing audience of the telethon «Edyny Novyni» were considered.

Thus, the most common method of influencing the subconscious of the audience is capture, infection, information blockade, joining, word play, creation of information reality.

The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that, for the first time, an attempt was made to outline modern methods of influencing the subconscious of the audience in the telethon «Edyni Novyni».

Practical meaning. The results of the research can be used for the development of measures for the formation of information culture in the audience.

Key words: methods, mass media, subconsciousness, information war, telethon.


R ecent scientific advances have been made in the field of foot and ankle, especially in the treatment of arthritis, fractures, the complications associated with a fracture, such as delayed union and nonunion, as well as the significant challenges of soft-tissue wound and tendon healing. Since the millennium, improvements have been made in internal fixation and advanced soft-tissue handling but more recent advances have focused on cutting edge novel biological manipulations into these clinical challenges, including novel growth factors, stem cell augmentation, mechanical stimulation (i.e. electrical stimulation) and other biomaterials. We continue to see growth in the number of patients with foot and ankle problems, more than 10% annually, as the population grows, ages, and demands greater function. This orthobiologic collection consists of a cutting edge compendium of new concepts and novel techniques to address the needs and wants of the population. This collection of articles begins with an overview of orthobiologics in the foot and ankle, followed by a review of the application of mesenchymal stem cells and their use in talar osteochondral injuries and stem cell augmented suture for tendon repair. The stem cell is the building block whether one breaks the skin, ruptures a tendon, or damages the cartilage or bone. The subsequent articles focus on the well-known growth factor, bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), being used in a nonFDA approved manner, as well as fresh data about a novel BMP2 analogue. This collection of articles provides additional insight into the strength of BMPs and their potential application for the hard to heal challenges. Finally, we explore two controversial biologically driven treatments, electrical stimulation for wound healing in ulcers and the novel use of a polyvinyl biomaterial for interpositional use in first metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritis. I applaud the authors and their, as the articles and topics represent the diligence of critical research and constant forays of clinician scientists into the advancement of treatment of the foot and ankle.


The methods currently used in delimitation of permanent prime cultivated land in mountainous regions suffer from the shortcoming of insufficient consideration of regional difference.A study was made with Nanchuan District,Chongqing City as an example,in which a connection degree-based improved TOPSIS method was adopted in combination with GIS spatial analysis so as to rationally determine the prime cultivated land protection polygons in delimitation of permanent prime cultivated land in mountainous regions.The results showed that the quality of prime cultivated land polygon obtained with this method was high,the slope was small,it was near the traffic line and settlements,the spatial distribution was concentrated,and it was in accordance with the requests and guiding ideology of the delimitation of permanent prime cultivated land,thus indicating that this method can effectively solve the problem of delimitation of permanent prime cultivated land polygons in mountainous regions.


A liquid crystal mixture and a preparation method therefor, a light cutoff component and a manufacturing method therefor, and a display device. The liquid crystal mixture comprises: liquid crystal molecules and a chiral additive of a certain concentration, where the chiral additive is mixed among the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules are in a cholesteric phase, thus allowing the liquid crystal mixture to reflect light waves in reflection wavelength range.


SUMMARY Background It has been exhaustively proved that in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) time to reperfusion is closely related to short and long-term outcomes; therefore, time between onset of symptoms and coronary reperfusion is extremely important. This time interval comprises two periods: ipatient timei and ihealth-care timei. In terms of primary angioplasty, analysis of both time intervals is a necessary step to achieve a reduction in delay to reperfusion. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the time intervals in each stage of the process hospital transfer-angioplasty (either primary or rescue angioplasty) in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) transferred from a hospital with no angioplasty facilities to a tertiary medical center in the city of Buenos Aires, as a first step for implementing a time optimized program.


Abstract Nowadays the facades of newly built buildings have significant glazed surfaces. The solar gains in these buildings can produce discomfort caused by direct solar radiation on the one hand and by the higher indoor air temperature on the other hand. The amplitude of the indoor air temperature variation depends on the glazed area, orientation of the facade and heat storage capacity of the building. This paper presents the results of a simulation, which were made in the Passol Laboratory of University of Debrecen in order to define the internal temperature variation. The simulation proved that the highest amplitudes of the internal temperature are obtained for East orientation of the facade. The upper acceptable limit of the internal air temperature is exceeded for each analyzed orientation: North, South, East, West. Comparing different building structures, according to the obtained results, in case of the heavy structure more cooling hours are obtained, but the energy consumption for cooling is lower.


The statistics of tropical intraseasonal variability are studied using European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts analyses and several ECHAM General Circulation Model experiments made with different model versions (ECHAM2 and ECHAM3, which have different convection schemes) and different horizontal resolutions (T21, T42, and T106). The study applies the principal oscillation pattern technique to the 200-mb equatorial velocity potential. Associated patterns of tropical outgoing longwave radiation, equatorial zonal wind, and equatorial divergence are also presented. The intercomparison of ECHAM2 and ECHAM3 simulations at low (T21) resolution shows that the improved model physics has a beneficial impact on the simulated Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO). The MJO produced by the ECHAM2 model has an unrealistic spatial distribution of convection, whereas the MJO simulated by the ECHAM3 model appears to be related to convective activity over the Indian Ocean and the West Pacific, which is consistent with the observed MJO. An increase of the horizontal resolution of the ECHAM3 model seems to actually degrade the results. At T42 and T106, the ECHAM3 MJO exhibits too much convective activity over central and equatorial America, with only a marginal effect of the MJO on the West Pacific‐Indonesian region.


General: brain imaging methods in neuropsychiatry investigation of mood disorders by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Anatomical studies: structural brain investigations in affective disorders brain anatomic circuits and the pathophysiology ofthe affective disorders. Functional and neurochemical brain studies: fMRI investigations in mood disorders MRS investigations and the pathophysiology of affective disorders. Psychopharmacology investigations: MRS as a tool for psychopharmacologicalstudies PET and SPECT imaging of antidepressant treatment effects in major depression. Summary and perspectives: differential brain mechanisms in bipolar and unipolar disorders - considerations from brain imaging brain imaging in affective disorders -current status and prospects for advances.


Abstract:In 1 Cor 6:18b-c, Paul writes, "Every sin, whatever a person commits, is outside the body, but the sexually immoral person sins against his own body." This essay weighs whether 1 Cor 6:18b is Paul's statement or whether Paul is quoting a Corinthian slogan, and it concludes that the second view is more plausible.


This study investigates the temporal dynamics of the drop size distribution (DSD) and its influence on the relationship between the liquid water content (LWC) and the radar reflectivity (Z) in fogs. Data measured during three radiation fog events at the Marburg Ground Truth and Profiling Station in Linden-Leihgestern, Germany, form the basis of this analysis. Specifically, we investigated the following questions: (1) Do the different fog life cycle stages exhibit significantly different DSDs? (2) Is it possible to identify characteristic DSDs for each life cycle stage? (3) Is it possible to derive reliable Z-LWC relationships by means of a characteristic DSD? The results showed that there were stage-dependent differences in the fog life cycles, although each fog event was marked by unique characteristics, and a general conclusion about the DSD during the different stages could not be made. A large degree of variation within each stage also precludes the establishment of a representative average spectrum.


: Rationale: The preliminary reports of COVID Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (COVIDARDS) suggest the existence of a subset of patients with higher lung compliance despite profound hypoxemia. Understanding heterogeneity seen in patients with COVIDARDS and comparing to non-COVIDARDS may inform tailored treatments. Objectives: To describe the trajectories of hypoxemia and respiratory compliance in COVIDARDS and associations with outcomes. Methods: A multidisciplinary team of frontline clinicians and data scientists created the Northwell COVIDARDS dataset (NorthCARDS) leveraging over 11,542 COVID-19 hospital admissions. Data was summarized to describe differences based on clinically meaningful categories of lung compliance, and compared to non-COVIDARDS reports. A sophisticated method of extrapolating PaO2 from SpO2, as well estimating FiO2 from non invasive oxygen delivery devices were utilized to create meaningful trends of derived PaO2 to FiO2 (P/F). Measurements and Main Results: Of the 1595 COVIDARDS patients in the NorthCARDS dataset, there were 538 (34·6%) who had very low lung compliance (<20ml/cmH2O), 982 (63·2%) with low-normal compliance (20-50ml/cmH2O), and 34 (2·2%) with high lung compliance (>50ml/cmH2O). The very low compliance group had double the median time to intubation compared to the low-normal group (107 hours(IQR 26·3, 238·3) vs.


There appear to be circumstances under which images are more powerful than memories. Research indicates that people who rate how easily concrete words (e.g., FLOWER) arouse images—rather than memories—give higher ratings and also subsequently show better word recall. The present study extended the above findings by having college students answer a variety of questions rating either images or memories (e.g., "How easily can you image [or remember] a FLOWER?"). The results consistently showed the superiority of imagery over memory ratings, and also that imagery superiority was not due to the self-reference effect, wherein students related information to themselves. Two alternative interpretations were proposed. First, imagery ratings may be special because they enhance processing, perhaps as suggested by the coding redundancy hypothesis. Alternatively, memory ratings may limit processing by contributing more to maintenance than elaborative rehearsal.


Based on the physical-chemical properties of injecting coal in Bayuquan,the mixture schemes of different injecting coal proportion with different coal,which was obtained through optimum design,was used in ironmkaing practice of No.2 BF.The coal ratio of 2 BFs was increased 4.44 kg/t(No.1 BF) and 5.78 kg/t(No.2 BF),respectively.And the fuel ratio was decreased 14.94 and 13.20 kg/t,respectively.This method can reduce the fuel consumption and can improve BF performance compared with traditonal ones.


The IPA-co-HDO-co-(TPA/MA) copolymers for all-vanadium redox flow battery were synthesized by melt condensation polymerization using isophthalic acid(IPA), 1,6-hexandiol (HDO), terephthalic acid(TPA) and maleic anhydride(MA). The amination of chloromethylated IPA-co- HDO- co-(TPA/MA)(CIHTM) copolymer was carried out using trimethylamine, and the anion exchange membrane was also prepared by UV crosslinking reaction. The structure and thermal stability of IHTM copolymers were confirmed by FTIR, 1 H NMR, and TGA analysis. The anion membrane properties such as water uptake, ion exchange capacity, electric resistance and electrical conductivity, were measured by gravimetry, titration and LCR meter. The efficiency of the all-vanadium redox flow battery was analyzed. The ion exchange capacity, electric resistance and electrical conductivity were 1.10 meq/g, 1.98 Ωᆞ cm 2 , and 0.009 S/cm, respectively. The efficiency of charge-discharge, voltage, and energy for the all- vanadium redox flow battery were 96.5, 74.6, 70.0%, respectively.


Foundation is a critical element for any dam. Understanding the foundation and the required treatment is critical to developing the final dam design. However, the design of the foundation does not end with the final design drawings for the Project. During construction foundation conditions need to be evaluated as excavation and construction proceeds to determine if foundation conditions are consistent with assumptions and expectations. Adjustments to the planned excavation or to the design of the dam, including changes in the grout curtain, dam geometry, and other features are often required during construction. This paper discusses the foundation conditions encountered during construction of concrete gravity dam and the associated treatments that were required. To ensure the safety of project, foundation was treated and design adjustments were made. A 2D analysis was carried out using ABAQUS Finite Element Method (FEM) software.


By using questionnaire and interview, this paper mainly studies the similarities and differences of the washback between CET4 and CET6 on students' English learning. The results show that: students claim there are both similarities and differences of the washback of CET4 and CET6 on their learning. The similarities show CET4 and CET6 both have washback, and the positive washback is stronger than the negative one. The differences show the washback of CET4 is much stronger than of CET6. Keywords—CET4 and CET6; washback; similarities and


We consider parabolic partial differential equations with highly oscillatory source terms. The timescale of the problem is assumed to be much larger than the timescale of the oscillation. Resolution of the smallest timescale constitutes a strong restriction on the stepsize of time integration method. Averaging techniques like stroboscopic averaging have been developed to overcome this restriction. In case of parabolic equations these techniques are of limited advantage. We have developed defect corrected averaging techniques that allow timesteps taylored to the timescale of diffusion. They are based on Krylov subspace iterations for the abstract solution operator of the system. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In order to perform coherent demodulation in fading channel conditions, channel phase and amplitude estimation is necessary. The form and bandwidth of the estimation filter depend on the channel fading statistics and signal-to-interference ratio due to the time-varying characteristic of mobile channel. In this paper, a novel adaptive algorithm is presented for channel estimator by using the measured auto-correlation function of the instantaneous channel estimations. The mean square error (MSE) performance under flat Rayleigh fading channel is evaluated by computer simulation and the result show that the proposed adaptive channel estimator provides good performance over wide Doppler frequency range supported by 3G.


Objective: To assess the dynamic changes of cell apoptosis of prostate tissue in male rats with short-term diabetes. Methods: Fourty rats were rendered diabetes by introperitonal injection with streptozocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg body weight, and after 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days rats were killed, which were called D1 group, D3 group, D5 group, D7 group and D14 group. Eight normal rats were served as the control group. Identification of apoptosis were examined by using histology method, TUNEL immunostaining technique and flow cytometry (FCM). Results: After 5 d of injection of STZ, the obvious apoptosis morphological changes can be seen in prostate epithelium under high microscope, and TUNEL-positive cell rate significantly increased as compared with control group. TUNEL labeling cell rate lowered largely in D3 group compared with control group. The percentage of G0-G1 phase cells in D3 group and D5 group decreased significantly as compared with control values. The percentage of S phase cells in D14 group increased largely as compared with that of control group, and the percentage of G2-M phase cells of this group lowered remarkably as compared with control group. The percentage of apoptosis cell reduced obviously after 3 d STZ injection, as compared with control group, then raised significantly after 7 d as compared with control values. Conclusion: Diabetes can induced changes of cell cycle and cell apoptosis of prostate in short term.


Let $$(Lv)(t)=sum^{n} _{i,j=1} (-1)^{j} d_{j} left( s^{2alpha}(t) b_{ij}(t) mu(t) d_{i}v(t)right),$$ be a non-selfadjoint differential operator on the Hilbert space $L_{2}(Omega)$ with Dirichlet-type boundary conditions. In continuing of papers [10-12], let the conditions made on the operator $ L$ be sufficiently more general than [11] and [12] as defined in Section $1$. In this paper, we estimate the resolvent of the operator $L$ on the one-dimensional space $ L_{2}(Omega)$ using some analytic methods.


The electrical properties and microstructures of SrTiO3–PbTiO3–CaTiO3–Bi2O3–TiO2 systems were investigated. It was found that the materials had two inhomogeneous regions, called "grain core-grain shell", by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. The dielectric constant showed two peaks. The dielectric constant at temperatures below 0° C decreased, whereas that at temperatures above 100° C increased slightly under DC bias field. D-E loops revealed that the ferroelectric state existed at temperatures below 0° C, and the paraelectric-like state existed at temperatures above 100° C. The observed frequency dependence and aging phenomena showed that this material was a relaxor. A relationship between the electrical properties and microstructure has been proposed.


Vitamin metabolic disorders can cause diverse dysfunctions of both the peripheral and central nervous systems. There is conclusive evidence that cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) and folic acid deficiencies may lead to diminished cognitive functions even to the extent of developing dementia. Cognitive impairments may be accompanied by involvement of other regions of the central nervous system, the corticospinal tract in particular, less frequently by brainstem and cerebellar disorders. Changes in nervous system functions in the presence of cyanocobalamin deficiency may predominate in the clinical picture, ahead of the occurrence of hematological changes. The paper considers the possible mechanisms for involvement of brain neurons in deficiency of cyanocobalamin and in that of folic acid in particular in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia. The low serum concentration of folic acid or cyanocobalamin in the elderly raises the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease in future (by almost twice) and vascular dementia. The authors give the results of randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of the vitamins used in patients with cognitive impairments. Thus, there are data that the use of cyanocobalamin in patients with lacunar infarcts and moderate cognitive impairments may give rise to their complete recovery and reduce the risk of depressive disorders. Intramuscular cyanocobalamin used in a daily dose of 1000 μg for 5 days, then 1000 μg once monthly is demonstrated to be efficacious. This therapy may be effective in patients with different types of dementia and cognitive diminution, primarily in those with these conditions and its serum concentration of less 150 pmol/l. Among the side effects while taking folic acid, there may be higher incidence rates of convulsive attacks. A number of trials have shown the efficacy of cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine, and folic acid in preventing acute cerebral ischemic episodes; however, not all the investigations could confirm this relationship. This may be related to patients' age, therapy duration, blood inflammatory marker concentrations, and other factors.


Objective To review the results and the clinical practice of early enteral nutrition after gastrointestinal surgery(EENAGS).Methods 246 cases with EENAGS from Jan.1997 to Dec.2000 were reviewed.The indications,programs,and clinical results of EENAGS were analysed.Results The effects of clinical nutrition surport for 246 cases were all good; the average time of postoperative gas passing was 36 hours, and that of stool discharge was 48 hours;the patients have not had hunger feeling in the whole therapeutic course; there were no complications that were followed by stopping infusion; the cost for nutritional support was 1/3 of that for parenteral nutrition.Conclusions The early enteral nutrition is physiological safe and simple, it has less complications and its cost is also lower.It may be performed routinely postoperatively. [


The synthesis of a novel long-wavelength fluorescent probe, 3-epoxypropoxy fluorescein, and its properties for labeling of histidine are briefly described in this communication. The probe is highly selective for histidine, and other amino acids with a concentration of 1 000 times higher than that of histidine did not show noticeable interferences. As an application of this probe, fluorescent labeling of histidine in human serum was attempted and the obtained results were in agreement with those given by using histidine-nickel complex adsorptive voltammetry, both of which were within the normal range of the results reported in literatures.


We prove a Berry–Esséen bound for general M‐estimators under optimal regularity conditions on the score function and the underlying distribution. As an application we obtain Berry–Esséen bounds for the sample median, the Lp‐median, p > 1 and Huber's estimator of location


The crustal deformation due to Ocean Tide Loading (OTL) in the Korean peninsula reaches up to in the vertical direction. Considering that the achievable positioning accuracy of current state-of-the-art space geodesy technologies is at the several millimeter level, the centimeter-level OTL effect should be precisely modelled and corrected for. This study begins with comparison of ocean tide models and validation of OTL-prediction softwares. Different ocean tide models caused about RMS differences in the vertical deformation in the Kyung-gi Bay area. When we analyzed the OTL displacements in the Seoul, Ulsan, and Seogwipo areas where three VLBI observatories are planned to be installed, the maximum displacement of was predicted in the Seogwipo area and in the Seoul and Ulsan areas. When the OTL corrections were not applied in the GPS data processing, the OTL effect propagates into the Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) estimates, and the scale factor between ZWD differences and OTL displacements was 3.72.


 Abstract — Time synchronization in wireless network plays an essential aspect for real time environments in which high developed technologies are applied. In accordance with the requirement of definite time synchronization for wireless network, several researches on wireless time synchronization are performed using various wireless time synchronization protocols which are applied on different wireless communication technologies. Due to the limitations of wireless network, such as battery life time, network configuration, investment cost, and so on, many researches that had been proposed may not support the best solution for precise time synchronization among wireless nodes. Nowadays, wireless time-based applications are widespread in used for many societies and thus, more and more enhanced researches on wireless time synchronization are required to propose. In this paper, a new hybrid synchronization approach for wireless network is proposed which is based on two existing protocols, Reference Broadcast Synchronization (RBS) and Pairwise Broadcast Synchronization (PBS). The purpose of combining the basic concepts of two existing synchronization protocols is to provide better synchronization performance. By using Gaussian distribution model for random variable series, synchronization accuracy is absolutely increased. Comparisons and evaluations simulated with Python programming language are to highlight the improved results on synchronization.


Odontogenic cysts may occur in association with odontogenic tumors. Because neoplastic and hamartomatous aberrations can occur at any stage of odontogenesis, combined features of odontogenic tumors with epithelial and mesenchymal components may arise within odontogenic cysts. One of the most common of these is dentigerous cyst (DC) which has neoplastic potential and shows associated pathologies such as ameloblastoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT), and odontoma. The authors report four cases of DC and associated lesions exhibiting AOT in two cases while one case each of complex odontome and MEC. Emphasis is placed on pathogenesis and clinicopathologic features of these lesions.


In a seemingly wasteful fashion, the thyroid gland focuses its effort into secreting an inactive version of thyroid hormone T4. In fact, a hormone, from the Greek word for impulse, is a biologically active molecule, so in the case of thyroid hormone, the actual active hormone is that of the triply iodinated derivative, T3. To successfully produce T3, the human thyroid processes about 1000 nmol iodide daily, packaging the iodide into a very large molecule [thyroglobulin (Tg)] that is subsequently hydrolyzed. The resulting iodinated products are sequentially unleashed in a controlled manner so that, eventually, only 10 nmol of the highly potent T3 are secreted. The bulk of T3 production (40 nmol), however, occurs outside of the thyroid parenchyma through the conversion of T4 to T3 by the activating deiodinases, a group of selenoenzymes that can selectively remove iodine moieties from T4 (reviewed in Ref 1). Given that only 10 nmol or less of T3 are directly secreted from the thyroid, one would assume that an absence of the deiodinases should impair the overall daily production of T3, leading to systemic hypothyroidism. In this issue of Endocrinology, Galton et al. (2) challenge the conventional paradigm of thyroid hormone homeostasis by showing that mice lacking both of the activating deiodinases do just fine, because they are still capable of maintaining normal amounts of T3 in serum and do not suffer from systemic hypothyroidism. The low abundance of T3 in the thyroid secretion of humans and rodents is explained by the high T4/T3 ratio in their Tg, with ratios of about 15:1 in humans and 8:1 in rats (1). Even considering that some T4 to T3 conversion occurs in the thyroid parenchyma after Tg hydrolysis, of which very little is known (3), T4 still predominates over T3 in the thyroid secretion. Notably, this varies among species, where the human thyroid produces less than 20% of the body's T3, whereas the rodent's thyroid contributes about 40% (1). Still, this leaves the majority of T3 production to extrathyroidal tissues in both species. Conversion of T4 to T3 is catalyzed by the type 1 or type 2 iodothyronine deiodinases (D1 or D2), which activate thyroid hormone through removal of an outer-ring iodine on T4 (known as 5 -deiodination). D2 is the main deiodinase to catalyze local activation of thyroid hormone, being most notable for its expression in pituitary gland, brain, and brown adipose tissue (4). D1, on the other hand, is kinetically inefficient but is expressed at such high levels in kidney and liver that it, too, plays a sizable role in extrathyroidal T3 production, particularly in rodents (5). In fact, it is commonly accepted that D1 and D2 contribute equally to extrathyroidal T3 production in mice and rats. This is unlike the situation in humans, where D2 is argued to play a greater role in the generation of plasma T3 (1). Despite these differences in T3 production between humans and rodents, the generation of mice lacking specific deiodinase activity has allowed for in-depth study of the physiological roles played by D1 and D2 in thyroid hormone homeostasis (6). Remarkably, mice with targeted disruption of Dio1 [D1 knockout (D1KO)] or Dio2 (D2KO) have been found to exhibit a normal serum T3 concentration (7, 8). Even the C3H/D2KO mouse that lacks D2 and expresses only residual D1 activity maintains euthyroid serum T3 levels (9). All three of these mouse models have increased concentrations of serum T4, and both the D2KO and C3H/D2KO have elevated TSH. These adjustments in T4 and TSH indicate that keeping serum T3 concentration within the normal range is the default hypothalamic primary directive for the TRH-TSH-thyroid axis, despite marked elevation in serum T4 concentrations. This innate ability to avoid catastrophic hypothyroidism is fascinating and has only recently been appreciated as a result of these deiodinase-deficient mouse models. To better appreciate the plasticity and adaptive capacity of the T3-generating system, and to rule out the effect of possible compensation by D1 or D2 in the aforementioned mouse models, the present study by Galton et al. (2) evaluates mice lacking both D1 and D2 activity. As with the other mouse models, D1/D2KO mice sustain a normal serum concentration of T3 at the expense of markedly altered thyroidal status. There is a 2-fold greater serum T4 concentration and a 2.6-times higher TSH serum level when compared with wild-type mice. The elevated level of T4 is higher than that seen in either the D1KO or D2KO, and the elevated TSH level is comparable to that measured in D2KO


Forming sheet plastic into various new shapes and applications, this plastic is adjusted to the design we want with the help of heat, pressure and molding. The purpose of this study was to determine the energy and heat value released by PVC material with variations in heating and cooling temperatures in the forming unit,to determine the effect of PVC process temperature on thermal properties with DSC tools and to determine the effect of PVC process temperature on functional groups using FTIR tools.The calculation results show that the heat released by the A.1 material is 1,740 Watt and A.2 is 1,938 Watt. The energy received by the cooling water in the 30th minute on specimen A.1 is 5.571 Watt and A.2 is 14,857 Watt with each temperature increase of 0.5℃. The results of the DSC test samples A.1 (defective) and A.2 (good) show that the melting temperature of the two is almost the same, which is around 78oC but there is a difference in Tg (temperature glass) of 0.013 J/goC faster than the A.2 test specimen 115oC (Very nice). The results of the FTIR test samples A.1 (disabled), A.2 (good) showed the highest difference in wavelength up to 8.4% at the wave values of 3749.77cm-1 and 3740.90cm-1.


A new algorithm for the construction of (0, 1)-code matrices based on the Greedy algorithm is proposed which allows the generation of code matrices with any desired matrix dimension and weight. Such codes are very useful in incoherent optical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems combining wavelength hopping and time spreading. So it is possible to achieve an auto-correlation function with zero sidelobes and an aperiodic cross-correlation function with a maximum value of one.


In cold regions, road pavements are frequently covered by ice and snow because of low temperatures and extreme weather conditions during winter. Deicing salt is commonly used to reduce icing coverage and clean pavements. However, the repetitive use of deicing salt may have a negative impact on the pavements that are made from a mixture of asphalt mortar and coarse aggregate. This paper discusses the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mortar in salt freezing environments. The study consists of three steps. First, uniaxial creep tests are conducted on asphalt mortar specimens under different freezethaw cycles. Then, a Burgers model with a damage factor is proposed in order to obtain the viscoelastic parameters. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to study the microstructure of asphalt mortar and to investigate the structural changes that take place during freeze-thaw cycles. The results of the study indicated that freeze-thaw cycles with different salt concentrations can damage asphalt mortar and change its viscoelastic properties. The Burgers damage model is shown to reflect the creep of asphalt mortar more accurately than the Burgers model. From the results, it can be concluded that it is necessary for cold regions to control vehicle overloading and limit the amount of deicing salt to be used on pavement.


The composites are renowned for better properties than base alloy. In general, 2-8% weight fraction of reinforcement has been researched for various industrial applications. The addition of reinforcement gives improvement in mechanical properties but badly affects ductility. Liquid route method (casting) has been employed for fabrication of SiC reinforced aluminum composites. Machining has been performed by controlling input parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. Roughness parameter (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR) have been considered for evaluation of surface quality and productivity respectively. Only MRR has been given consideration for rough machining conditions. Whereas, both surface roughness and MRR have been considered for the finish machining conditions. Standard L9 orthogonal array have been employed for the experimentation. The occurrence of hard reinforcement in the base alloy creates the casted composite tough to machine. The confirmation experiments have been performed with the optimal settings of process parameters to confirm the output responses.


Leaf area index (LAI) is an important indicator for monitoring vegetation growth and estimating crop yields. The empirical-based model using vegetation indices (VIs) is an effective method for LAI estimation at the regional scale. However, due to the complexity of canopy radiation interaction processes, the leaf chlorophyll content (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{ab}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and saturation effects on canopy reflectance restrict the accuracy of VI-based LAI retrieval. To address these limitations, we propose a novel chlorophyll-insensitive VI (CIVI) using red, red-edge, and near-infrared (NIR) bands to improve regional LAI mapping. The CIVI was developed based on the sensitivity analysis of red-edge band reflectance to LAI and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{ab}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> using the simulation dataset from the PROSAIL model. Then, the performance of CIVI was carefully evaluated from two aspects: the sensitivity of VI to LAI and other parameters and the accuracy of LAI estimates using different VIs over homogeneous (cropland and grassland) and nonhomogeneous (forest) biome canopies. The results suggested that CIVI can capture LAI variations well while remaining insensitive to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{ab}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> variations. Additionally, the sensitivity of CIVI to other vegetation biochemical and biophysical parameters did not increase significantly compared to that of other VIs. Furthermore, CIVI exhibited the best performance of LAI retrievals over both homogeneous (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}=0.938$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, RMSE = 0.447, and rRMSE = 21.3%) and nonhomogenous (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}=0.635$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, RMSE = 0.693, and rRMSE = 14.0%) canopies among all selected VIs, especially for the high LAI. Our results indicated that the developed CIVI incorporating red-edge bands with a suitable formula can effectively reduce the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{ab}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and saturation effects, which is promising for improving VI-based LAI estimation.


Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are a speciose subfamily of weevils that primarily live in bark and consequently largely communicate using sound. Having colonized multiple countries outside its native range, Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius) is considered to be a successful invader, yet little is known about its acoustic communication. In the present study, we investigate individual sound production and dyadic interactions among males and females of H. ligniperda. Two temporal parameters (duration and inter‐note interval) and three spectral parameters (minimum, maximum and centroid frequencies) are used as descriptors to quantify call variations depending on behavioural context. We also present a method for automatically extracting and analyzing these calls, which allows acoustic discrimination amongst individuals. Hylurgus ligniperda exhibits sexual dimorphism in its stridulatory organ. Females do not produce stridulatory sounds, whereas males produce single‐noted calls and modify their spectro‐temporal parameters in accordance with context. Acoustic stimulation from nearby males does not appear to be a causative factor in such modification. Instead, hierarchical clustering analysis shows that physical interactions play a more important role in affecting call parameters than acoustic signals. Centroid and maximum frequencies are the largest contributors to the variability of the data, suggesting that call variations in H. ligniperda mainly occur in the spectral domain.


Objective:
To study the spectrum and antimicrobial sensitivity of bacterial pathogens causing neonatal sepsis, in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi.
Study Design: Prospective cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: This was a prospective cross sectional study, conducted at NICU of Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Jul 2017 to Dec 2017.
Material and Methods:
All neonates admitted to our department who underwent evaluation for sepsis, from Jul 2017 to Dec 2017.
Results:
Out of 2,480 admitted neonates, 733 were suspected with sepsis, making an incidence of suspected neonatal sepsis to be 29.5%. 421 (57.4%) babies were suspected with early onset sepsis (EOS) and 312 (42.6%) with late onset sepsis (LOS). Majority of the babies (70.3%) were preterm. In 281 (11.3%) neonates, blood culture came out to be positive. 73/281 neonates with culture proven sepsis died making a mortality rate of 25.9%. Gram negative bacilli were most predominant among isolated bacteria. Most of the organisms showed resistance to the first line antibiotics.
Conclusion:
Sepsis has a high mortality rate in neonates admitted to our department. Gram negative organisms are the most common cause. Most of the isolated organisms are resistant to empirical antibiotics.


India is a land of diversities. Today's classroom is a portrait of multiple hues dotted with students of different gender, sexual orientation, languages, religions, and regions, etc. The teachers of Institutions of Higher Learning must possess the necessary skill and art of managing diversity of students. This paper provides a detailed exposition of the issue and attending challenges. It provides an insight into what strategies teachers should adopt to integrate themselves and students as one unified whole, where commonalities rather than differences become the dominant classroom culture.


1.1 Background Since the introduction of formal environmental management systems (EMS) standards in the 1990s, there has been debate on how these may support or even replace parts of the regulatory process. To date attempts to prove a link between the presence of an EMS with an outcome of environmental performance have been inconclusive. Remas, one of the most extensive surveys in Europe, is still in progress. This paper provides a review of the current position and provides background to workshop 1E where the debate will be explored further.


This report describes a five year time series of nineteen selected quality indicators from general practice based on the national GMS contract for GPs (the Quality and Outcomes Framework).
The data was collected from the QRESEARCH database, which collates anonymous electronic medical records. The present analysis was restricted to 498 practices in England and to those with complete data for the five year study period 2001-2006. The population covered was 3.4 million patients.
QRESEARCH is a joint partnership between the University of Nottingham and EMIS (supplier of IT systems to UK general practices). The quality indicators which have been selected for this release reflect partial outcome measures in several major disease groups (coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, epilepsy and diabetes).


Abstract We recently reported a facile synthesis for bicyclo-[n.2.0]alkanediols of the general structure 1. 1 The recent demonstration2 that cis-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-1,7-diol(3) can be converted to the novel, highly-strained trans-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane system increases the interest in this class of compounds. Comparison of our diols with materials used by Paukstelis and Kao in the rearrangement studies2 and further work in our laboratory has shown that the diols reported in our initial communication are trans-diols and should be assigned structures 4 and 5.


Many sharing economy platforms require users to reveal personal information on their profiles, which may open the door for racial biases against certain users. This study explores the relationship between race and labor outcomes in this environment, taking into account the role of reputation systems (i.e., free-form reviews). Specifically, in the context of the popular lodging marketplace Airbnb, we examine potential customers' booking intentions in response to the racial identity of a host, feedback given to the host, and the behavior of the host themselves. Using an experimental design (N = 630) that manipulated the racial identity of the host (Black/White), the Airbnb review (Negative/Positive), and the response to the host's response to the review (aggressive/non-aggressive/no response), we find that participants indicate a lower average likelihood of booking with a Black host than with a White host when the accommodation ad contained a negative review, while indicating to be more likely to book an Airbnb with a Black host when the ad contained a positive review. Since there is no evidence of racial bias for accommodation ads that do not contain reviews, the results demonstrate the importance of considering reviews when examining racial disparity in labor outcomes on online labor platforms. We probe potential explanations for the findings, ultimately scrutinizing the role of sharing economy platforms and its affordances in facilitating hiring discrimination.


Abstract Two Asiatic Schroederella species, viz. Schroederella distincta and Schroederella wojciechowskii from Eastern Russia, are described. The diagnostic characters are provided. Male terminalia are illustrated for both species. Their relationships with other representatives of the genus are discussed. A checklist of all nominal Asiatic species is presented. With 12 original figures.