The second stanza of Gilg. VI (22-44) marked ofT as such by horizontal ines in the text contains a series of metaphors by which the hero of the epic seeks to describe Ishtar as a harmful and destructive being. But the text, although witnessed by more than olle fragment, contains certain brealis vvhich modern guesswork cannot readily restore. Short of some new fragment svith the hitherto missing portions intact, the mutilated lines can be clarified only ^ ith the help of pertinent illustrations from other cuneiform documents. Olle such analogue turned up recently in an Old Babylonian omen which gives us our only indication to date that Bur-Sln, third king of the Third l)ynasty of TJr, died "from the bite of a shoe," or in other words, an infected toe.l This notice made it possible to restore Gilg. VI 41 as "a shoe that b[ites the foot] of its owner."2 It would now seem that the preceding line, too, can be explained on the basis of revent material. All that the text itself has retained of line 40 is ia-su-pu-u [ ......... ] AKUR nu-kur-ti. Trans-


Recently, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have been garnering significant inter-est from the people involved in transportation field. Nowadays automotive manufactur-ers have already supplying vehicles with multitude of road sensors that provides many useful characteristics. VANET communication not only offers the drivers and passen-gers with the various safety related services but also provides a wide range of valuable applications. However, the inherent openness of the wireless communication medium used by VANETs exposes vehicles to various security and privacy issues. Researchers have proposed many security schemes to solve the issues mentioned above for the widespread deployment of VANETs. However, these schemes failed to fulfill all as-pects of security and privacy requirements. Besides, these schemes have not provided the performance parameters such as computation and communication costs. The pri-mary emphasis of this paper is on the taxonomy of security schemes based conditional privacy-preserving with respect to strengths and limitations. Besides, a comparison be-tween these schemes related to the model of security and privacy requirements, attacks, and performance parameters is provided. Finally, this paper critically reviews the re-lated works by taking into consideration the design and development of all VANETs security and privacy schemes, this paper could serve as a guide and reference.


Hebrus murphyi, new species, from Burias Island, Philippines, is described. It is closely related to H. nereis Polhemus & Polhemus, 1989, and H. mangrovensis Polhemus & Polhemus, 1989, and - like these species - inhabits the intertidal zone of mangroves. Hebrus murphyi is only known in the apterous morph, which is very rarely encountered in Hebridae. Hebrus murphyi is the first known species of Hebridae, which lacks a metanotal elevation (in this morph).


This paper reports on sociolinguistic research conducted among speakers of five AustroAsiatic language varieties in northwest Bangladesh: Koda, Kol, Mahali, Mundari, and Santali. These are collectively referred to as the Santali Cluster because Santali is the most populous and developed language among these five varieties. Linguistic variation within and across these varieties, long-term viability of each variety, and attitudes of speakers towards their own and other language varieties were investigated. The degree of intelligibility in Santali by speakers of the other varieties and the bilingual ability in Bangla of speakers from each variety were also studied. This research was carried out from November 2004 through January 2005 through the use of word lists, questionnaires, a Bangla Sentence Repetition Test, and stories recorded in Santali, Mundari, and Mahali.


The importance of a cubic Higgs coupling for obtaining calculable masses in Grand Unified Theories is emphasized. An illustrated E/sub 6/ example is presented where some of the masses are radiatively generated.


In this study, the objective function of the most used fuzzy c-means algorithm is reformulated based on two reward and penalty functions. The reward function is defined as the original data in a given dataset, but the penalty function is characterized by a group of additional data in terms of the original data distributions. These additional data are distributed around each group of aggregating original data, and their effects are to enlarge the values of the objective function against the tendency that the determined clustering centers tend these data. Consequently, the fuzzy clustering based on this reformulated objective function achieves two merits: higher accuracy and less time cost. Moreover, after using the two reward and penalty functions, we found that the estimation of the real number of clusters based on a partitioning coefficient function are more accurate than its origin in most datasets. Four successful experiments are present to verify the usefulness of our approach.


There is strong evidence that tumor-specific T cells play a central role in tumor rejection. immunoSCAPE leverages the high-dimensional immune profiling capabilities of CyTOF for the identification of antigen-specific T cells to support the development of immunotherapy strategies. By applying CyTOF in conjunction with combinatorial peptide-MHC tetramer staining and high-performance dimensional analysis tools, we broadly and sensitively map T cell reactivity against MHC-class I epitopes while concurrently performing in-depth characterization of these rare antigen-specific T cells.
 Here, we have applied our unique capabilities to detect and characterize circulating neoantigen-specific T cells in lung carcinoma patient undergoing atezolizumab treatment. Out of 782 neoantigen candidates, T cell reactivity against 13 unique neoantigens was detected within patients who responded to atezolizumab treatment, while T cells within non-responder patients recognized 7 neoantigens. Additionally, neoantigen-specific CD8 T cells from treatment responders exhibit a differentiated effector phenotype similar to CMV or EBV-specific T cells, whereas neoantigen-specific CD8 T cells from non-responders display a memory-like phenotype, suggesting that the properties of tumor-reactive T cells may be associated with clinical response to anti-PD-L1 treatment.
 By providing insight into the nature and function of tumor-specific T cells, immunoSCAPE's unique high-dimensional immune profiling platform is a valuable tool to guide the development of novel immunotherapy strategies through assessment of drug biological activity, definition of mechanism of action, and identification of biomarkers of patient response.


In March of 2005, gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinereu on Stachys sieboldii Miq. was occurred in the mud cellar storage of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea. The symptoms started with water-soaked and rotten in the tubers. The conidia were one celled and mostly ellipsoid or ovoid in shape and light gray in color. The conidia were in size and the conidiophores were in length. The pathogen formed conidia and sclerotia abundantly on PDA. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth and sclelotia formation was . On the basis of symptom, mycological characteristics and pathogenicity test on host plants, the fungus was identified as Botrytis cinerea Persoon: Fries. This is the first report on gray mold of S. sieboldii caused by B. cinerea in Korea.


malaria parasites, the leishmanias, stercorarian trypanosomes, blood stages of salivarian trypanosomes, insect stages of salivarian trypanosomes, blood stages of malaria parasites and insect stages of malaria parasites are dealt with separately. Chapters which are new altogether are those on Babesiidae, Theileriidae, nematodes parasitic in insects and helminth vaccines. Advances in culture techniques are numerous and the following achievements, selected from the chapters on Protozoa (with which the reviewer is more familiar), are notable: improved media for the growth, including axenic growth, of intestinal flagellates and amoebae; continuous cultivation of bloodstream forms of salivarian trypanosomes; differentiation of metacyclic forms of several kinetoplastid flagellates; growth to maturity of exoerythrocytic schizonts of several malaria parasites; and continuous cultivation of several species of Babesia. Progress in cultivation of helminth parasites has been less spectacular although certain achievements are outstanding, such as the growth of Ascaris suum to mature adults and the routine culture of steinemematid and heterorhabditid nematodes in kilogram quantities. The authors intended that this should be primarily a recipe book. To this end, in each chapter, there are essential formulae and step by step instructions. Armed with these, the beginner need only add good technique, a little of the green finger touch and much patience to gain the reward of thriving cultures. The incorporation of suggestions for the utilization of the cultures has been less systematically treated. Some chapters include sections on uses, others do not. The use of in vitro cultures for producing helminth parasite antigens for immunoprophylaxis is dealt with in the final chapter but this is only one of the many applications of the cultures and in this one aspect the book has not achieved uniformity. Each chapter has a list of references, mostly post-1978, and the book concludes with a useful appendix of names and addresses of suppliers mentioned in the text and an index. In summary, the reader will find that this is an excellent reference book, containing the essential information needed to maintain parasites in culture for a multitude of purposes.


Since the hard of hearing cannot communicate effectively with the non-disabled, which may cause various inconveniences. As an essential member of a harmonious society, it is particularly urgent to solve their communication problems with non-disabled people. Effective communication between the hard of hearing and the non-disabled has become possible with the continuous development of artificial intelligence. In this paper, an intelligent human-computer interaction system is designed to solve communication inconvenience between the hard of hearing and the non-disabled. This system combines artificial intelligence with wearable devices and classifies gestures with BP neural network, effectively solving the communication problem between the hard of hearing and the non-disabled.


©2023 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Changes in Species Composition and Growth in a Restored Maple-Basswood Forest after 30 Years Kathleen L. Shea (corresponding author: Departments of Biology and Environmental Studies, St. Olaf College, 1520 St. Olaf Ave., Northfield, MN 55057, USA, sheak@stolaf. edu) and Sean R.D. Meagher (Department of Biology, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA)


Inspired by the connections between social behavior
and intelligence, I have developed a trainable system to phenotype
mouse social behavior. This system is of immediate interest to
researchers studying mouse models of social disorders such as
depression or autism. Mice studies provide a controlled environment
to begin exploring the questions of how to best quantify social
behavior. For the purposes of evaluating this system and to
encourage further research, I introduce a new video dataset
annotated with five social behaviors: nose-to-nose sniffing,
nose-to-head sniffing, nose-to-anogenital sniffing, crawl under /
crawl over, and upright head contact. These four behaviors are of
particular importance to researchers characterizing mouse social
avoidance [9]. To effectively phenotype mouse social behavior, the
system incorporates a novel mice tracker, and modules to represent
and to classify social behavior. The mice tracker addresses the
challenging computer vision problem of tracking two identical,
highly deformable mice through complex occlusions. The tracker
maintains an ellipse model of both mice and leverages motion cues
and shape priors to maintain tracks during occlusions. Using these
tracks, the classification system represents behavior with 14
spatial features characterizing relative position, relative motion,
and shape. A regularized least squares (RLS) classifier, trained
over representative instances of each behavior, classifies the
behavior present in each frame. This system demonstrates the
enormous potential for building automated systems to quantitatively
study mouse social behavior.


An accurate, simple, rapid, sensitive and cost effective method for the determination of Vitamin-D3 in pharmaceutical dosage form was developed and validated by RP-HPLC method. Chromatographic separation was achieved on phenomenex C18 column (150 mm X 4.6 mm, 5μm) using methanol: acetonitrile: water (90:5:5 V/V/V) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The retention time of Vitamin-D3 was found to be 8.3 minutes; the detection was monitored at 265 nm by using UV detector. The developed method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The linearity of Vitamin-D3 was in the range of 2.50 ppm to 6.00 ppm. This method showed an excellent linear response with the correlation coefficient (R2) value of 0.999 for the Vitamin-D3. The recovery of the drug ranged from 99.59% to 103.83% with an average of 101.34%. The percentage RSD was found to be less than two, indicating high degree of accuracy and precision of the proposed RPHPLC method. Due to simplicity, cost effectiveness, rapidity and accuracy of the method, we believe that the method will be useful for routine quality control analysis of Vitamin-D3 in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms.


The antibacterial activity of aquaeous and purified pigment extracts of Hibiscus rosa siensis in concentration (20,50,100,200,250 mg) were tested against reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichia coli . The preliminary qualitative tests showed that the two extracts have flavonoids, carbohydrates and glycosides ,while alkaloids found only in the aquaeous extract. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed the presence of anthocyanin pigment . Both extracts gave a clear activity against the tested strains with a minimal Inhibitory concentration reached to 20 mg/ml.


A recent note by Bierman and Thomas (hereafter B-T) argued that mergers could result in increased investor risk even if the return outcomes of the firms are independent and identically distributed.' This view, B-T argue, contrasts with the recent contributions of Lintner, Lewellen, Sarnet and others." While we also have certain reservations about the "traditional" frameworks that have been employed for analyzing mergers and corporate risk, the substantive claim of B-T is theoretically invalid, conceptually unappealing and inconsistent with a wide body of empirical knowledge of capital market risk-return relationships.


This paper discusses the significance of university library to carry out the inclusive service and the conception of inclusive service in the new era, and puts forwards the concrete idea for the development of inclusive service.


The correlation between supervisors' guidance and the quality of doctoral students has drawn attention from supervisors and students alike. There are different opinions on relevant education criteria, the quality of supervisors, and the manner, frequency and duration of their guidance and supervision. Based on their study, the authors believe that stricter standards should be applied to both student admissions and granting of doctoral degrees, and the duration of doctoral programs should be lengthened.


Plans have been completed for the entertainment of the Texas ^ Thanksgiving will by observed by A. and M. cadet corps when it ' ,| J0 R ico y w. C. A. with u special program next Thursday at 1 o'clock at Autry house. Peggy Soule. worship | chaii man, will be assisted by Margaret Elkins in planning the program, At the regular bimonthly cabinet ' meeting held yesterday afternoon, it I was reported also that the Hallowe'en | benefit bridge party, held at the home of Alice Blazek, treasurer, was a success. A report was made of the roof arrives in Houston Saturday. They include h parade, lunch »t the city auditorium, and a huge dance at the auditorium Saturday night, at which several orchestras from both schools will furnish music. The sdldiers, transported in special trains, will arrive in Houston at 9:30 Saturday morning. The parade will start at the Union station fifteen minutes later, and will be headed by the Aggie band. Various groups, including the Hous-ton A. and M, club and the A. and M. Mothers' club, will work to gether to a I make the cadets' visit to Houston an UrUlllUtM* U 111) outstanding event. It is hoped that the biennial trip'to Houston for the Rice-Aggie game will become a lasting tra-j Casting Begins For Production dition. Featuring the program planned is parade from the Union Station, where In spite of all rumors to the contrary, there will he a regular Saturday night dance at t h e Houston club from !l o'clock until Y£. November 14, Bids may be obtained in the Sally-port until 12 o'clock noon Saturday, or al the door Saturday night. Proceeds from these affairs are to go to the band and the senior class Rice students are urged to give their support if they want official Hie. dances to continue. The fate of the (dances is hanging in the balance It is now or never that Rice boys and gir'» Douglas McGregor, assistant United "lust prove that they really want States prosecuting attorney, spoke to 'hiM.' dances, if students Continue to the Pre-Law society Thursday night. sh,nv n non-Cooperative spirit, dance* His talk was very informal and in it wlH bl ' ^continued. Samples of the linen handkerchiefs, for which Christmas orders are now being solicited, may be found in Miss Sarah Lane's office. Styles and prices vary. All members …


........................................................................................................................................ ii Preface ........................................................................................................................................ iii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................ viii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. xi List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................. xiv List of Chemicals ....................................................................................................................... xvi Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. xvii Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Problem statement ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Plan of this thesis .............................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Research contributions ...................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 2: Background and Literature Review ............................................................................ 8 2.


The equine industry and the competition rider community are increasingly acknowledging that rider strength and fitness contribute to successful performance, and other sporting disciplines are more aware of the potential to improve performance. This study aimed to determine if the rider could maintain the classical position (i.e., with a straight line between the ear, shoulder, hip and heel) pre and post an additional dismounted fitness training programme. Students (N = 16) completed a dismounted training programme. All candidates were self-reported as sedentary and graded "'novice" by a qualified riding instructor. Initial measurements of the deviation from the ESHH (ear, shoulder, hip, heel) alignment were carried out prior to the start of the regime, weekly and at the end of the 8-week training programme. An initial data collection was carried out (prior to any additional fitness regime) in walk, rising trot and sitting trot. An exercise session was timetabled into the syllabus as well as an hour riding session to film the candidates on a weekly basis. Each rider had 3D spherical markers attached at specific anatomical landmarks; QuinticTM Sports Biomechanics Video Analysis Software package allowed a vertical line to be drawn; the deviation of each marker from this line was recorded. Deviations from ESHH alignment were not normally distributed. The deviation of the marker in relation to time, marker placement, gait and repeat stride were tested using a Friedman test. The comparison between rider (subject) and marker (factor) was analysed using a Kruskal Wallis test. Additionally, dismounted exercise regimes suggested a significant improvement on novice rider position (P 〈 0.005), each gait had a significant effect on the deviation from the ESHH alignment (N = 16, H2 = 221.53; P 〈 0.001). The results suggest that additional exercise programs are effective at improving novice horse rider position, however, which exercise programs are most effective in advancing performanc


The Mayan peoples inhabit a biologically megadiverse region and have traditionally made a diversified use of their resources. Ethnomycology —the discipline that studies the relationship between human groups and mushrooms— provides extensive evidence of the knowledge these ethnic groups have of mushrooms and their use. Evidence can be traced back to pre-Hispanic times with mushrooms carved in stone and their presence in codices and chronicles. In the region, 134 edible species —either for consumption or for trade— are currently known, as well as about 40 medicinal mushrooms. Morphological, phenological, ecological and culinary data as well as nomenclature and classification schemes are associated with these uses. The identification of 36 species considered toxic and the presence of mushrooms in different narratives is also part of this body of knowledge.


Abstract In this paper, we deal with robust performance analysis problems of LTI systems depending on uncertain parameters. By following existing scaling-based approaches, we firstly derive computationally tractable parameter-independent LMI conditions to assess the robust performance, which are conservative in general. What makes the present approach novel is to take the dual of those LMIs so that we can conclude the exactness of the analysis results. More precisely, we clarify that if the computed dual solution satisfies a certain rank condition, then we can ensure that the robust performance is never attained. In particular, we can extract the worst case perturbation that violates the underlying performance. Thus we provide viable tests for the exactness verification of LMI-based robust performance analysis.


Monte Carlo models are widely used to model light transport in turbid media, however their results implicitly contain stochastic variations. These fluctuations are not ideal, especially for inverse problems where Jacobian matrix errors can lead to large uncertainties upon matrix inversion. Yet Monte Carlo approaches are more computationally favorable than solving the full Radiative Transport Equation. Here, a non-stochastic computational method of estimating fluence distributions in turbid media is proposed, which is called the Non-Stochastic Propagation by Iterative Radiance Evaluation method (NSPIRE). Rather than using stochastic means to determine a random walk for each photon packet, the propagation of light from any element to all other elements in a grid is modelled simultaneously. For locally homogeneous anisotropic turbid media, the matrices used to represent scattering and projection are shown to be block Toeplitz, which leads to computational simplifications via convolution operators. To evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm, 2D simulations were done and compared against Monte Carlo models for the cases of an isotropic point source and a pencil beam incident on a semi-infinite turbid medium. The model was shown to have a mean percent error less than 2%. The algorithm represents a new paradigm in radiative transport modelling and may offer a non-stochastic alternative to modeling light transport in anisotropic scattering media for applications where the diffusion approximation is insufficient.


A survey on smallholder dairy cow had conducted in Banyumas region from November 8 th 1999 up to February 8 th 2000. Forty six respondents were involved in this study (as samples). Cobb - Douglas analysis was applied in this survey. From the study can be concluded that a small holder owned 3.02 heads of dairy cow (2.2  ST), 1.44 heads of lactating cow with 9.77 L/day milk production on average. The benefit of the backyard farming was RP.70.603,225 per month on average. Feeding was the biggest influence on benefit because feed cost was 65.81 percent from the production cost. The milk production function , by the equation: Y = 0,8958 X1⁰·⁰³³² X2 0.049 X3 0.168 X4 0.608 The four variables can explain 92.4 percent (R²=0,924)on the milk  production variation .It can be suggested that to improve milk production on dairy cows can be done by intensifying labour, and improving the forage feeding. (Animal Production 3(1): 12-19 (2001) Key word: Milk  production ,production function and benefit


Lower convenience costs, higher organizational and social and intrinsic reward will increase job satisfaction Job satisfaction is complex phenomenon with multi facets and influenced by the factors like salary, working environment, autonomy, communication, and organizational commitment. Different people interpret compensation differently. Compensation, reward, recognition, and wages are terms used in different situations. Survey research design primarily involves the researcher administering standardized questions about the subject of investigation, from a sampled group of people for the purpose of describing respondents' opinions and views regarding the subject of investigation. The population for this study comprises the staff of Access Bank Plc, Sagamu Branch, Sagamu local Government, Ogun. Twenty staff in Access Bank, Sagamu was selected using simple random techniques. Based on the findings of this research it was concluded thatbank industry or Company should organize seminar for their workers so as to ensure quality service delivery.Bank industry/company should always encourage their workers foe effective and efficiency service delivery.Bank industry should ensure that costumer's property insured is safe and guarantee.Company workers should always listen and care for their customers at any time.Government should ensure conducive environment for growth and development of bank industry


Fraud is an ancient crime and one that annually causes hundreds of billions of dollars in losses. We develop an evolutionary theory that suggests cyclical behavior in frauds should be common. We perform a wavelet analysis of the frequencies of fraudulent and non-fraudulent offenses. Our results demonstrate that the frequencies of fraudulent offenses exhibit cyclical behavior that differs markedly from the cyclical behavior of non-fraudulent offenses.


Background. The article presents a study of the antioxidant defense system of the liver of rats under the influence of thiosulfonate esters: S-ethyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ETS), S-allyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ATS) and S-allyl-4-acetyl-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (AATS) at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg per kg of body weight. Thiosulfonate esters, which are synthetic sulfur-containing analogs of allicin, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The liver is the main organ where metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous molecules occur to maintain metabolic homeostasis of the body, and is constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequently to oxidative stress. Materials and Methods. The effectiveness of the antioxidant defense system in the rats' liver was evaluated by measuring the level of oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation (LPO)) and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes – catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR), and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH). Results. The potential antioxidant properties of thiosulfonate esters and their dose-dependent effect in the liver were determined. In particular, under the action of thiosulfonate esters at a dose of 100 mg/kg, the content of lipid peroxidation products in the liver did not change significantly. Catalase activity and the content of reduced glutathione increased under the action of ETS dose of 100 mg/kg. Under the action of ATS and AATS doses of 100 mg/kg, the activity of GP decreased. At the same time, the effect of ETS at a dose of 50 mg/kg significantly decreased the level of lipid hydroperoxides. The effect of ATS and AATS doses of 50 mg/kg decreased TBA-reactive products. Under the action of the studied compounds in a lower dose, the activity of SOD and GP increased, and the content of reduced glutathione increased. At the same time, the decrease in the activity of GR under the action of AATS combined with an increased content of reduced glutathione is probably due to the inhibitory effect of the test substance on energy processes in the body. Conclusions. The studied thiosulfonate esters demonstrated a dose-dependent effect on the redox balance in the rats' liver, proving to be more effective with lower doses of thiosulfonates.


We report on a sequence of Chandra X-Ray Observatory observations of the TW Hydrae brown dwarf (BD) 2MASSW J1139511−315921 (2M1139). In the combined 31 ks ACIS-S exposure, 2M1139 is detected at the 3σ confidence level. We find an X-ray luminosity of LX = 1.4+2.7 − 1.0 × 1026 erg s−1 or log LX/Lbol = −4.8 ± 0.3. This object is similar to another TW Hydrae BD member, CD-33 7795B (TWA 5B): both have Hα emission, both show no signatures of accretion, and both have comparable ages and spectral types. TWA 5B was previously detected in X-rays with a luminosity of LX = 4 × 1027 erg s−1 or log LX/Lbol = −3.4, an order of magnitude more luminous in X-rays than 2M1139. We find that the discrepancy between the X-ray luminosity of 2M1139 and TWA 5B is consistent with the spread in X-ray luminosity in the Orion Nebula Cluster for BDs of similar spectral types. Though rotation may play a role in the X-ray activity of ultracool dwarfs like 2M1139 and TWA 5B, the discrepancy cannot be explained by rotation alone. We also examine two X-ray bright objects in the field of view of our Chandra observations and find one to be of spectral type K0IV and identify it as a possible RS Canum Venaticorum, and another X-ray bright object whose light curve clearly shows the decay phase of an X-ray flare.


This paper situates male perceptions of the body within Bourdieu's theories of human practice. Recent research (Bordo 1999; Featherstone 1991; Giddens 1991; Gill, Henwood, and McLean 2005) has suggested that perceptions of the body are important to men's sense of confidence and that men see the body as a vehicle for personal improvement. To build on this research, an online survey investigated Canadian men's perspectives on their appearance and their attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. A two-component approach to self-esteem was used, where self-confidence (the positive aspect) and self-deprecation (the negative aspect) were seen as independent but related concepts that underlie one's feelings of self-worth. Self-deprecation, self-confidence, and comfort with one's body uniquely predicted different aspects of men's experiences, including attitudes about body shape, perceptions of others, pressures to lose weight, and perspectives regarding cosmetic surgery. For example, participants who were more comfortable with their bodies and lower in self-deprecation were happier with their current body shape and features, whereas participants who were less comfortable with their bodies and lower in confidence put more pressure on themselves to lose weight. In addition, lower confidence significantly predicted willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery.


In photovoltaic (PV) double‐stage grid‐connected inverters a high‐frequency DC–DC isolation and voltage step‐up stage is commonly used between the panel and the grid‐connected inverter. This paper is focused on the modeling and control design of DC–DC converters with Peak Current mode Control (PCC) and an external control loop of the PV panel voltage, which works following a voltage reference provided by a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. In the proposed overall control structure the output voltage of the DC–DC converter is regulated by the grid‐connected inverter. Therefore, the inverter may be considered as a constant voltage load for the development of the small‐signal model of the DC–DC converter, whereas the PV panel is considered as a negative resistance. The sensitivity of the control loops to variations of the power extracted from the PV panel and of its voltage is studied.


For parents who experience high conflict following their separation or divorce, the various psychosocial and legal services provided by the government of Quebec or in the private sector have proven to be inadequate, resulting in an over-dependence on the court system and child protective services to provide solutions. In response to this social dilemma, the Quebec Ministry of Justice agreed in 2012 to fund a pilot project to determine if parenting coordination could provide some relief to the families and to the judicial system. A research team also had the mandate to evaluate the extent to which parenting coordination could eventually be integrated with other services being offered in both the public and private sectors. Between 2012 and 2014, ten families were followed by two parenting coordinators for a period ranging from six to 18 months. This article will present the interdisciplinary model put forward in the implementation of a parental coordination project, some highlights of the results of this pilot project and the recommendations that ensued.


Objective:To establish a CE-SDS method to evaluate the purity of the recombinant human papillomavirus bulk.Methods:The determination was performed under the following conditions:bare-fused silica capillary of 50 μm×75 cm(50 cm of effective length);sample injection method:injection voltage:5 kV,20 s;separate-voltage:15 kV;time:30 min;column pressure:138 kPa;temperature:25 ℃;detecting wavelength:220 nm.Results:The resolutions of HPV 16 and HPV 18 bulk by CE-SDS were 2.4 and 3.0.The linear concentration of HPV 16L1 and HPV 18L1 ranged from 0.125 to 0.750 mg·mL-1(HPV 16L1,r=0.9836;HPV 18L1,r=0.9931).The RSDs in precision and stability tests were both below 2.0%.Conclusion:The method established in this paper can be used to determine the purity of HPV bulk.


A thesis presented to the Department of Economics and Industrial Management, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Master of Arts degree in Economics, 2005


Translation is a linguistic activity, trying to change speech or written article from one language into another one. It not only includes the content but also the form. The reproduction of the original content refers to the surface meaning and the extended meaning, while the form also refers to pronunciation, vocabulary and sentence instruction as well.All that should be taken into consideration during translation in order to convey the major idea of original work fully and correctly.


For several decades fisheries biologists focused their attention on the taxonomy, life history, and population dynamics of single species of fishes. Most attention went to the preferred commercial species, but less popular fishes were not totally ignored. There was always the intention to piece together the species relationships into some integrated big picture, but the incentive was never strong enough to bring enough people together for a long enough time to begin to understand how whole ecosystems could be understood and protected. Several recent events have now provided this incentive. The most serious is the recognition that climate impacts must be understood both for fisheries management and for the detection of global warming impacts. The lessons from recent fisheries management issues such as East Coast cod, Atlantic salmon management, and coho problems, clearly have shown that there are some problems with previous concepts and that it is cost effective to study marine ecosystems. It is also good politics. It is easier to make difficult decisions when people are well informed about what is known and what is not known. It is time to manage and protect whole ecosystems. This will not be a linear extension of single-species thinking. A more abstract concept is needed in which the single species is seen in relation to the processes that affect ecosystems and less in terms of numbers of individuals. The timing of copepod production, the condition of juveniles at certain times of the year, and the abundance trends of associated species may all become ways of assessing fishing impacts. Ecosystem management requires an understanding of the influences that regulate species naturally. For salmon, we propose a new concept of natural regulation that we call the critical size– critical period hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, the abundance of 2 Beamish & Mahnken — The Next Step in Fisheries Management salmon is determined both in the early marine period and in the first fall and winter of ocean residence. The amount of mortality late in the first marine year is related to the rate of growth during the summer. Like all difficult but essential tasks, it is important to get started with ecosystem management. It is also important to recognize that the communication and coordination of relevant information for ecosystem management may be as challenging as acquiring the understanding of how to do it.


Extract from introduction: Insoluble organic matter (IOM) and matrix from primitive carbonaceous chondrites carry isotope enrichments (?D?20000', ?15N?3200i?½) that are comparable to those in interplanetary dust particles [1, this work]. Hence, primitive organics that formed in the protosolar cloud (PSC) – or maybe in the cold outer regions of the protoplanetary disk – survived accretion and planetary processing on the asteroids, the parent bodies of the chondrites.


With the war going badly for Russia in the winter of 1854–1855, the tsar and his advisors debated the feasibility of partisan warfare. Top advisors debated the loyalty of populations along the imperial borderland as well as the use of scorched earth tactics. The new military leader of Crimea, M. D. Gorchakov, proved (in theory, at least) to be more sympathetic to the plight of civilians than his predecessor A. S. Menshikov. Terror against Tatars abated. Yet, others in the military administration remained suspicious. Secret police exiled Tatars they believed to be traitors, while the new military governor orchestrated the forced relocation of thousands of coastal Tatars to the interior. Not all officials supported the persecution of Tatars. Several protested their relocation and brought it to a halt. This chapter shows that Russian oppression of Tatars evolved in shifting wartime conditions and was not a foregone conclusion.


The world outlook of organic gasification decided that the ancient Chinese epistemology was orientated towards finding out the dynamics of wholism instead of using static analysis to find out the nature of things in the west.This was typical of LAO Zi's Taoist philosophy,which has exerted far-reaching influence on ancient academic thoughts including that of Chinese medicine.Canon of Medicine developed and deepened LAO Zi's epistemology subjectively and objectively,thus becoming the main epistemology in Chinese medicine.


This article begins to expatiating upon the principles about transformation ration of agricultural science and technology achievements.And then,it followed by the analysis of domestic current situation in operational mechanism and transformation ratio.Focusing on the side of needs and mechanism of agricultural achievements respectively,the reasons restraining scientific transformation and resulting low transformation ratio are revealed.Finally,the article gives proposals about how to raise domestic transformation ratio of agricultural science and technology achievements according to that of oversea experiences.


The invention discloses a device for testing the mechanical properties of a pile-soil contact surface. The device is composed of a sealed pressure chamber, a hollow cylindrical soil sample, a solid cylindrical concrete pile sample and the like. The pile sample is prefabricated, and its diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the hollow cylindrical soil sample, and the two samples joint together closely. The lower end of the concrete pile sample is disposed on a pedestal through a spring assembly, and the upper end is connected to a stress loading system through a dowel bar, which is provided with a stress sensor and a displacement sensor I. The outside of the concrete pile sample is the hollow cylindrical soil sample. Filter paper and permeable stones are disposed at the lower end of the soil sample, and the lower end is positioned on the pedestal, while the upper end of the soil sample is provided with filter paper, permeable stones and connected with a displacement sensor II. During test, a confining pressure is exerted first for consolidating, and then a static, dynamic load is exerted on the pile sample for measuring the axial deformation and pore water stress of the pile and the soil. The device provided in the invention has a simple structure, is easy to realize, and can be used to measure the mechanical properties of a pile-soil contact surface under the action of a static, dynamic load.


The influence of temperature on inhibition efficiency of vapor phase inhibitor (VPI) under marine atmospheres was investigated by the classical weight\|loss method. Results showed that the corrosion rates for blank carbon steel and brass increased with the raising of temperature at first, then began to decrease with the further increase of temperature, finally reached the lowest value at 80 ℃ and 70 ℃, respectively. Temperature had evident influence on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the four inhibitors used. In addition, the effects were different for different material and VPI systems. There were three types of the ν\|t curves as parabola, logarithm and exponential.


In this chapter, the aim of unity in the interpretation and application of international law at the universal level would imply, from a purely logical perspective, the creation of a truly global judicial system. Ideally, this model would be set up in such a way as to guarantee at every level effective respect by States of their international obligations. Implementation of this model would be two-fold. First, such a global judicial system should primarily rely on a simplified and harmonised relationship between international law and national law, and this is precisely where the responsibility of the national judge could be shown to be of crucial importance. Second, the next step would be to coordinate the competence of international jurisdictions within the international legal system. The chapter focuses on the first of these two dimensions, namely the role of the national judge in the interpretation and application of international law. Keywords: Georges Scelle; International Law; role splitting theory


Abstract Much of the pivotal debate concerning the validity of affirmative action is situated in a legal context of defending or challenging claims that there may be broad societal gains from increased diversity. Race-conscious affirmative action policies originally advanced legal sanctions to promote racial equity in the United States. Today, increasingly detached from its historical context, defense or rejection of affirmative action is otherwise upheld to achieve diversity. A "diversity" rationale for affirmative action calls for increasing tolerance of the "other," reducing negative stereotypes, and moderating prejudice as goals—all objectives that deviate from the former aim of race-targeted inclusion intended to resolve racial discrimination in employment and college admissions. Diversity policy provides a tapered defense for affirmative action, one detached from principles of justice and equity. The current article suggests that, despite the fact that the ostensible benefits of "racial inclusion as diversity" may be the remaining legal prop for affirmative action in the U.S., there is a need to consider whether diversity intrinsically can engender the benefits that affirmative action policy seeks to provide.


The present invention discloses a chemical oxygen self. Comprising a housing, oxygen generating canister, bladder, and snorkel intermediate tank; said intermediate body disposed in the housing; the oxygen generating canister is placed in the middle of the tank, and the air guide chamber formed therebetween the air conduction chamber communicates with the interior oxygen generating canister; and the inner tube of the breathing phase turned green oxygen canister; the balloon and the air guide chamber turned phase; gas generated by the air guide chamber endogenous oxygen canister into the airbag; inspiratory gas through the air guide chamber in the airbag, in oxygen canister after inhalation. The use of the self-rescuer, air guide chamber formed between the outer and the inner tank three-body structure and the intermediate tank, so as to form gas circulation air guiding chamber inside the tank, so that the intake gas through a longer path and time before entering the body, it may cause the cooling gas to bring benefits to lower the temperature of the intake air, while the three body structures may reduce the temperature outside the device.


As panels located in the wilderness and affected by the dust and sandstorm, photovoltaic efficiency was reduced by 30%-40% after a period of time even worse. Based on the Internet of things the self-cleaning solar power system of the household micro-grid was designed in this paper. It included micro-grids and control systems; a self-cleaning solar power system of the household micro-grid was presented. Nano-diamond powder, ethyl cellulose, and solvent were mixed. They accorded to mass ratio of 1:3:24. The Nano-diamond slurry was got with a long time ultrasonic heating dispersed, which was adopted to prepare Nano-diamond film on the window glass of the solar cell to enhance self-cleaning capacity of solar power. The household micro-grid comprises a control system, solar panels, inverter, super capacitor. The micro-grid can make the electricity be intelligent deployment.


The topography of the adult gastrointestinal tract and viscera together with the remodeling of their original mesenteric connections create some of the most vexing spatial relationship problems encountered in mastering the clinical anatomy of the human body. The complex, tortuous and, on first inspection, haphazard arrangement of the digestive tract is neither easily explained in text nor clearly elucidated with illustrations. Thirty years of personal experience teaching human embryology has demonstrated that when students attempt to follow the developmental succession of 90° and 180° rotations around the body's three axes their understanding often becomes more knotted‐up than straightened out. While animations greatly facilitate understanding, cognitive deficits persist for students who have difficulty visualizing and spatially integrating the chronology and final disposition of structures into their own body schema or image. All anatomists who teach in a dissection lab have witnessed many a student holding and maneuvering the heart or a bone against his or her own body until it is in the correct orientation. I believe this sensory‐motor learning process helps to personalize the location, orientation and relationships of structures within the student's own body. Through this kinesthetic and proprioceptive process, students gain a deeper appreciation for their own body and, consequently, an enhanced ability to mentally map anatomical structures in other bodies. Building upon this learning process, I have developed a didactic routine using a 15″ party balloon and 4′ rubber garden hose that permits students to observe and perform directly the rotations of the stomach and midgut loop.


Objective To understand the present situation of Hohhot's adolescents on health risk behaviors and so as to provide scientific bases for the health education.Methods The multi-stage randomized cluster sampling was used to choose 6 739 middle school and college students.All the participants were surveyed with the Chinese Adolescents Health Risk Behaviors Questionnaire.Results Among middle school and college students,about 38.1%-57.4% of them reported a penchant for some food;During the past week,about 8.7%-17.5% of students drank soft drinks more than once everyday,8.5%-25.2% of students ate dessert more than once everyday,42.3%-65.6% of students ate breakfast everyday,10.3%-21.9% of students drank milk everyday,28.5%-41.4% of students took regular exercise.The incidence rate of students violated traffic rules when rode on bicycle was 62.5%-77.6% and being bullied was 7.2%-11.9% within a month.During the past year,the incidence rate of physical fighting,the pressure of study,depression and seriously injury were respectively 17.3%-26.7%,14.3%-28.2%,14.6%-19.1% and 13.5%-15.4%.The rate of smoking at present,drinking,heavy drinking,Internet addiction and ever gambling was respectively 11.4%-22.0%,7.5%-31.4%,9.7%-39.2%,2.3%-4.9%,14.5%-23.6%.In senior middle school the incidence rate of marginal sex was 28.6%,and in college it was 43.7%.There were statistical differences between different genders or learning stages of students in varies of health risk behaviors.Conclusion The health risk behaviors of Hohhot are very common,so the school should carry out healthy education.


Abstract The uncanny valley (UV) hypothesis suggests that the observation of almost human-like characters causes an increase of discomfort. We conducted a study using self-report questionnaire, response time measurement, and electrodermal activity (EDA) evaluation. In the study, 12 computer-generated characters (robots, androids, animated, and human characters) were presented to 33 people (17 women) to (1) test the effect of a background context on the perception of characters, (2) establish whether there is a relation between declared feelings and physiological arousal, and (3) detect the valley of the presented stimuli. The findings provide support for reverse relation between human-likeness and the arousal (EDA). Furthermore, a positive correlation between EDA and human-likeness appraisal reaction time upholds one of the most common explanations of the UV – the categorization ambiguity. The absence of the significant relationship between declared comfort and EDA advocates the necessity of physiological measures for UV studies.


Individuals with PTSD consistently have been found to respond with heightened psychophysi ological reactivity to trauma-related cues (DSM-III R PTSD criterion D.6) compared to individuals with out PTSD. The majority of investigations compris ing this literature have been conducted within the contexts of two research paradigms. In the first paradigm standardized audio-visual cues, typically combat sounds such as mortar or gunfire and pic tures of combat situations, are presented to subjects while physiological responses including heart rate (HR), blood pressure, electrodermal activity, and forehead electromyogram (EMG) are recorded (Blanchard et al., 1982; Blanchard et al., 1986; Blanchard et al., 1989; Malloy et al., 1983; McFall et al., 1990; Pallmeyer et al., 1986). Combat veterans with PTSD produce larger-magnitude HR and blood pressure responses during exposure to combat-re lated audio-visual cues compared to veterans with out PTSD. Skin conductance (SC) and forehead EMG results have provided less reliable PTSD vs. non-PTSD differentiation within this paradigm, perhaps because of the methodologies employed for recording them. Standardized word stimuli have also been used; McNally et al. (1987) reported larger SC responses to combat-related words in Vietnam veterans with PTSD compared to a group of combat veterans with non-PTSD psychiatric disorders. The second paradigm uses script-driven imagery to assess physiological reactivity while subjects rec ollect a variety of experiences. Short vignettes (scripts) approximately 30 sec. in duration are de rived from an individual's traumatic and non-trau matic life experiences. These scripts are then taperecorded and played back in the psychophysiology laboratory. Studies of Vietnam, WWII, and Korean veterans (Orr et al., 1993; Pitman et al., 1987; Pitman et al., 1990) have found larger SC, HR, and facial EMG (lateral frontalis) responses during imagery of personal combat experiences in veterans with com bat-related PTSD compared to combat veterans without PTSD. A recent study by Shalev et al. (1993) has extended these imagery findings to an Israeli sample of individuals who experienced non-com bat traumatic events, including physical assault, motor vehicle accidents, and terrorist attacks. Blanchard and colleagues (1991) have also recently reported elevated HR responses during imagery of a motor vehicle accident in a small sample of indi viduals with PTSD resulting from the accident. These latter two studies suggest that findings obtained from combat veterans with PTSD extend to noncombat-related PTSD. Conditioning theory provides a useful framework for conceptualizing the increased physiological re activity observed in individuals with PTSD (e.g., Pitman, 1988). Through Pavlovian conditioning a set of cues becomes associated with a traumatic event and the powerful emotions that accompany this experience. Subsequently, these cues become capable of evoking intense emotional responses, as revealed in the heightened physiological reactivity. The two research paradigms discussed above can be viewed as different methods for presenting cues capable of activating the memory network, within which trauma-related information is encoded, and its accompanying emotional and behavioral re sponses. PTSD resulting from events such as combat or motor vehicle accidents appears to be associated with elevated psychophysiological reactivity that is quite specific to trauma-related cues. There do not appear to be differences between PTSD vs. nonPTSD subjects in autonomic reactivity to standard laboratory stressors such as mental arithmetic (Blanchard et al., 1982, 1986, 1989; Pallmeyer et al., 1986). Also, PTSD subjects' psychophysiological re sponses to non-trauma-related imagery generally do not differ in magnitude from those of non-PTSD subjects (Orr et al., 1993; Pitman et al., 1987, 1990; Shalev et al., 1993). The elevation and specificity of the reactivity observed in PTSD subject samples studied to date are similar to those reported for individuals with simple phobia (Cook et al., 1988; McNeil et al., 1993). Individuals with simple phobia show larger HR and SC responses during imagery of the phobic object compared to other anxious groups with less specific fears. This heightened reactivity is confined to imagery of the phobic ob ject, as is the case for PTSD. Specificity of the fear seems to be important; panic-disordered patients have been found to be unresponsive during imag ery of their fear-related contexts (Cook et al., 1988; Zander & McNally, 1988). Overall, psychophysiological measures of reac tivity to trauma-related cues appear to provide good discrimination of PTSD from non-PTSD cases. Sen sitivities and specificities for the studies of combat veterans and Israeli trauma victims noted above range from approximately 60-90 percent and 80-100 percent, respectively. Furthermore, measures of physiological reactivity appear to provide reason-


For the InP solid source molecular beam epitaxy it is shown that P/sub 4/ tetramers are at least 20 times less effective at incorporating into the InP lattice than P/sub 2/ dimers. The P/sub 2/ incorporation rate remains approximately constant for fixed incident flux in the normal temperature regime for growth between approximately=480-520 degrees C, but the morphology of the


Hindi character recognition has been attempted by many, but recognition of only modifiers has not been attempted so far. In this paper we present an algorithm that recognizes modifiers independent of the main character. The algorithm is based on pixel relationship. The accuracy of modifier recognition based on this approach has been 87.78% which is far greater than 52% reported by previous work by others.


Due to their excellent price-performance ratio, clusters built from commodity nodes have become broadly adopted and increasingly popular as platforms for parallel processing. Among them, the clusters of standard PCs interconnected with high-speed system area networks (SANs) are especially attractive and have been widely established. At the same time, the developments in interconnection technologies also formed the basis for the rise of Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures, i.e. systems with physically distributed memories, but with a global address space allowing an efficient but non-uniform access to any memory location in the system. These kinds of systems, especially when offered as non cache coherent NUMA for loosely coupled commodity architectures, can easily be implemented in a straightforward manner without major hardware efforts. They form a favorable architectural tradeoff by combining the scalability and cost–effectiveness of standard clusters with a shared memory support close to symmetric multiprocessors. The non-uniform memory access characteristic, however, introduces a distinction between local and remote memory causing different memory access latencies. In systems with such characteristics, a remote memory access can take up to an order of magnitude longer than a local one. This leads to the fact that many shared memory applications initially do not achieve a good parallel speedup when running on NUMA-like architectures due to excessive remote memory accesses. This thesis targets such inefficiency problems of NUMA-based shared memory programs. For this purpose, a comprehensive and integrated tool environment has been built which aims at improving the data locality of running applications, by combining single frameworks enabling both program tuning and runtime manipulation. This environment comprises a low-level data acquisition system, a distributed tool middleware, and a set of performance tools. Based on the hardware monitoring facility, which is capable of observing all memory transactions performed on the interconnection fabric, the data acquisition system provides information about an application's memory access behavior as well as information about e.g. synchronization primitives and address mapping necessary for data placement. This information is then aggregated across the distributed system and made accessible to the tools through an established on-line monitoring interface specification serving as middleware. Tools further process the acquired performance data and use it to steer the execution of programs with a result of an optimization for the runtime data layout. Currently, two such tools have been implemented: a Data Layout Visualizer (DLV) and an Adaptive Runtime System (ARS). DLV is used to present the monitoring data in an easy-


The variations in the resonance frequency of a wearable 5.3 GHz textile patch antenna due to bending, human body proximity and moisture absorption are investigated. Noteworthy are the effects of proximity to human body tissue and moisture uptake, which are shown to cause variations up to 5% in the resonance frequency. Importantly, it is observed that the resonance frequency can shift both upwards or downwards depending on the loading affecting the antenna. These variations illustrate a general guideline for the maximum tuning range needed for wearable frequency-reconfigurable patch antennas.


This dissertation focuses on creative activity of the judge in filling the gaps about the
undercover agents presented in the Laws 9.034/96 and 11.343/06. The undercover operation is
a special form of investigation that enables us to measure and identify the components of
criminal organizations and allows its dismantling. This institute finds constitutional and moral
suport on the harmful effects of organized crime in our society, such as trafficking in
narcotics and human beings, either for forced labor, sexual exploitation or even organ
donation. The filling of these gaps by the magistrate, in turn, is supported both by historical
and philosophical analysis, which confirms that it´s not possible for the law predict every
situation of life, and by judicial ethics, represented by the obligation of reasoning, that ensures
fairness and impartiality of judges, as well as by the express provision of Article 3 of the
Code of Criminal Procedure. Thus, it is entirely feasible the adoption of the Law 9.296/96 to
fill gaps in the law, so as to make the undercover operations fully applicable in Brazil, at least
from the juridical point of view, since the implementation of the institute requires heavy
investment in training and salaries, as well as equipment.


Aim/Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the marketing challenges faced by Zanzibar's seaweed producers and to recommend suitable strategies.
Methodology: A case study approach was adopted. The study combined semi-structured questionnaires and informal group discussions with the farmers as tools for primary data collection. A total of 592 seaweed farmers from both Unguja and Pemba participated in the study. The farmers were selected through multistage sampling. Analysis of challenges was done through the Garrett ranking method.
Results: It was found that the leading marketing challenges for seaweed farmers are the absence of minimum selling price (MSP), limited buyers and the inability to set prices. The absence of MSP was linked to the absence of the industry's supporting policies. At the same time, limited buyers emanated from the lack of the industry's business strategy, limited linkage to the domestic market and lack of export differentiation. Farmers' inability to set prices was found to be a result of exporters' setting buying prices. Similarly, the study found that the farmers face intense competition due to limited production variety and being large in number. Farmers also were found to have limited marketing and promotional skills and lacked business strategies.
Conclusion: Several interventions are required to support the seaweed farmers in Zanzibar. First, the creation of guiding industry's business and marketing/product strategies. Further creation of the industry's guiding and supporting policies is crucial. Second, establishing domestic demand and linking the industry to its potential users at individual and industrial levels is critical for the survival of Zanzibar's seaweed industry. Third, the establishment of carrageenan extraction industries to establish export product differentiation. Capacity-building training is vital for farmers in agri-business and financial management areas. Government procurement and provision of storage facilities to minimise the offloading challenge are also needed to lessen the effect of same-time offloading, which exposes farmers to low prices. Lastly, financial assistance should also be provided to promote and upscale seaweed value-addition activities on the island.
Originality/Value:  Examination of marketing challenges faced by seaweed farmers in Zanzibar was conducted using the Garrett ranking technique, and suitable recommendations were proposed.


1
Native d-galactose dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas saccharophila contains 12 SH-groups and no disulfide bonds. Storage of enzyme causes a decrease of enzymatic activity, a loss of SH-groups, and the formation of disulfide bonds. An approximately linear relationship exists between specific activity and the number of SH-groups per mole enzyme for eight of the 12 SH-groups.

2
On the basis of their reactivity against 5,5′-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), the SH-groups of the enzyme can be differentiated in three classes, each containing four SH-groups.

3
The catalytic activity is completely lost upon stoichiometric modification of the first four SH-groups, which react readily with 5,5′-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). The inactivation follows pseudo-first-order kinetics with a second-order rate constant of k= 1.3 mM-1 s-1, and is completely reversible upon the addition of reducing agents, such as 2-mercaptoethanol or 1,4-dithioerythritol.

4
Evidence is presented that the modification of these first four SH-groups does not occur with the enzyme · NAD(H) complex; only the free enzyme is subject to the reaction with Nbs2. The presence of d-galactose or l-arabinose has no influence on the rate of inactivation.

5
In contrast to the SH-groups of the second and third class, the first four are generally not involved in intra- and intermolecular disulfide bridges of the enzyme.


Do bilateral and multilateral foreign aid donors target poverty? To answer that question, we present a framework for assessing the quality of aid targeting sub-nationally. If donors cluster aid in areas with concentrated poverty, or spread out aid in areas of diffuse poverty, then we conclude that donors are targeting aid well. Furthermore, because co-financing may be a mechanism that improves coordination and information-sharing among donors, we examine whether the frequency of donor co-financing increases the quality of aid targeting. Recently released sub-national georeferenced foreign aid data for all bilateral and multilateral donors are available in five sub-Saharan African countries, making it possible to map the placement of foreign aid along with sub-national poverty levels. Results indicate that foreign donors target poverty in some countries but not others, and higher co-financing is associated with lower quality targeting across all cases.


This article discusses some theoretical issues and structural capabilities of the tray cleaner working body. The process of cutting the deposited layer with an active working body. On the significant influences of the translational working speed on the cutting process of the alluvial soil layer, as well as on the effects of the speed parameter of the working body on its energy intensity.


In this paper, a refined precise integration method (RPIM) is proposed for nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures. It extends the conventional precise integration method (PIM) from linear analysis to nonlinear analysis through a novel algorithm to improve the conventional Duhamel integration method for nonhomogeneous parts in nonlinear equations. In the RPIM, the stiffness matrix of the motion equation can be updated during the analysis, leading to the proposed method applicable to nonlinear structural problems. With the introduction of a new velocity vector, the original exponential matrix in PIM is reduced to a 2×2 matrix and the efficiency of RPIM is highly improved for both computation time and storage space. The analysis of stability and accuracy shows that the RPIM is unconditionally stable with highly precision. Four examples, including linear analysis of free and forced vibration and nonlinear analysis of two structures , i.e. truss and membrane, are analyzed to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed RPIM. Received: Revised: Accepted: 13 April 2019 17 November 2019 3 December 2019


Safety assessment is one of the most important contents in the study of high building fire preventing.The approaches and the methods of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method being applied in the high building fire preventing safety assessment were introduced in this paper.The application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the safety assessment of high building fire preventing began from analyzing the questions qualitatively and uncoiled the total evaluation value quantitatively by studying the effects and their correlation among the elements,structuring the high building fire preventing safety,such as the ability of fire preventing,putting out a fire,evacuation and the level of safety management.The application conquered the disadvantages of subjectivity and large error in confirming the high building fire preventing elements and reduced the casualness of the evaluation result.Safety assessment to the level of the high building fire preventing safety management was conducted according to the judgment matrix in the fuzzy mathematics,listed by examples.Practice showed that fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,applied in the high building fire preventing safety assessment,is practical and effectual.


The article studies hypotheses, which could explain uneven distribution of added value among companies functioning on one industry market and are connected by participation in the value-creating network. The object of the research is to investigate the relations between leading aircraft building companies and suppliers of key components. The goal of the article is to check the hypothesis about the dependence between the amount of economic power of the economic agent and its shares in distributing benefits and costs caused by interaction with other agents. The authors put forward their own methodology identifying counteragents' share in added value on the basis of comparing such elements of added value as profit and remuneration. It should be noted that relative not absolute indicators are taken as a principle, i. e. asset profitability and average wage of companies. This methodology was tested at five aircraft building companies being integrators of value-creating networks. On the basis of the research a conclusion can be drawn that the most widely spread explanation of added value distribution (in particular, the direct link between the market share and company profitability, domination of the value-creating network integrator over other participants of joint efficiency distribution and the impact of the share of supply on profit participation) was not corroborated. At the same time distinct advantages were revealed in added value distribution for suppliers of key components. The conclusions of the research can be used for the development of strategy for Russian companies' participation in global value-creating networks.


At the 2006 Retrovirus Conference, two research groups reported on antiretroviral treatment interruption (TI) in patients with good virologic control and nadir CD4 counts >350 cells/mm3 (ACC Mar 15 2006). Now, we have findings from another randomized trial of TI versus continuous therapy.

Trial participants were 36 HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy who had nadir CD4 counts >350 cells/mm3, viral loads <400 copies/mL for at least 6 …


Diaphragmatic muscle of swine with positive Trichinella specific antibody in serum from Naqu Prefecture,Tibet was detected by the microscope and artificial digestion to collect muscle larvae.Genomic DNA was purified from the muscle larvae and specific primers based on the DNA sequences coding for the mitochondrial small and large subunit ribosomal RNA of T.spiralis and T.nativa were used to identify this Trichinella isolate with the T.spiralis and T.nativa as control.In result,the PCR product from the mitochondrial small and large subunit ribosomal RNA fragment was about 650bp and identical to that of T.spiralis.The 5S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region was amplified,sequenced and compared with the known sequences of Trichinella species in GenBank.Sequence analysis of the 5S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region indicated that the 735bp fragment shared 99% identity to T.spiralis with only 3 bases difference.The results showed that the Tibet Naqu Trichinella isolate was identified to be T.spiralis.


AFTER systematic lectures on the chief injuries of the bones and joints, it may be useful if I try to enforce by particular illustrations some of the general principles that I stated; and it may secure your attention if I use the form of speaking of the Cases that Bone-setters Cure. For few of you are likely to practise without having a bone-setter for an enemy; and if he can cure a case which you have failed to cure, his fotune may be made and yours marred. I believe that, in the large majority of cases, bonesetters treat injuries of joints, of whatever kind, with wrenching and other movements of them. The proceeding was described to me lately by a gentle-


Method of manufacturing an optical fiber, comprising the steps of - stretching a fiber along a stretching direction (YY) from a heated preform, by applying a tensile force to the fiber; - spinning the fiber while stretching, in the step of fiber spinning comprises the substeps of - placing a first (3a) and a second (3b) rollers parallel spinning the opposite fiber side, - wherein these first and second (3a, 3b) rollers parallel yarn - partially overlapped along the stretching direction (YY), - spaced apart along the stretching direction, - with the longitudinal axes disposed in a common plane (a) forming an angle (α1) relative to a plane orthogonal to the stretching direction; and - forming a gap (G) between the outer surfaces relative larger than the outer diameter of the optical fiber, - winding the fiber on the first roll of yarn (3a) by a first arc winding so generated a frictional force between the fiber and the first roller resulting yarn winding said first arc and from said tensile force; - winding the fiber on the second roll spinning (3b) by a second arc of winding, such that a frictional force between the fiber and the second roller resultant yarn of said second arc winding is generated and from this tensile force, - guiding the fiber in a plane perpendicular to the axes of the rollers spinning vertical plane, making the fiber pass between a pair of guide rollers (2a, 2b), respectively, disposed upstream of the first roller yarn (3a) and downstream of the second roller yarn (3b), said guide rollers (2a, 2b) having an axis of rotation orthogonal to the axis of rotation of spinning rollers; - axially moving said first roller and said second roller yarn spinning each other, so that the fiber is rolled over the first and second surfaces of the rollers spinning by said frictional force.


The process of revitalising quiescent cells in order for them to proliferate plays a pivotal role in the repair of worn-out tissues as well as for tissue homeostasis. This process is also crucial in the growth, development and well-being of higher multi-cellular organisms such as mammals. Deregulation of proliferation-quiescence transition is related to many diseases, such as cancer. Recent studies have revealed that this proliferation–quiescence process is regulated tightly by the Rb−E2F bistable switch mechanism. Based on experimental observations, in this study, we formulate a mathematical model to examine the effect of the growth factor concentration on the proliferation–quiescence transition in human cells. Working with a non-dimensionalised model, we prove the positivity, boundedness and uniqueness of solutions. To understand model solution behaviour close to bifurcation points, we carry out bifurcation analysis, which is further illustrated by the use of numerical bifurcation analysis, sensitivity analysis and numerical simulations. Indeed, bifurcation and numerical analysis of the model predicted a transition between bistable and stable states, which are dependent on the growth factor concentration parameter (GF). The derived predictions confirm experimental observations.


The utility model discloses a rotatable LED wall lamp including a base and a lamp body, an LED driver and a binding post are arranged in the base, an LED light source is arranged in the lamp body, a shaft sleeve protruding out of the base is arranged on the base, a cylindrical groove cooperated with the shaft sleeve is arranged on the lamp body, a rotating shaft is arranged in the cylindrical groove, and the lamp body is rotationally arranged on the base through the cooperation of the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve. The wall lamp provided is simple and reasonable in structure, low in production cost, and convenient in heat radiation effect; moreover, the stable running of the LED wall lamp is effectively ensured and the service lifetime of the LED wall lamp is prolonged; in addition, the irradiation direction of the wall lamp can be adjusted by rotating the lamp body, and the rotation is flexible and convenient, as well as the wall lamp has good aesthetic property and decorative effects.


A discussion of the plant to be operated by International Coal Refining Co. at Newman, Kentucky, to demonstrate upgrading of SRC-I by deep hydrogenation using the LC-Fining process under development by Cities Service Research and Development Co. and the Lummus Co. covers a process description, yields and quality for 50 to 88% conversion, and investment and utility costs for plants having capacities of 2289 or 17,168 tons/day of SRC-I, respectively.


In case you wondered whether workers in securities firms and investment bankers have fared better than the rest of American workers, the answer is, resoundingly, "Yes." Andrew Sum and his colleagues here present the most comprehensive evidence so far. It is eye-opening.


Glass-ceramics was prepared with chrysotile asbestos tailing,limestone and quartz sand as primary material by different processes.Effects of nucleation temperature and crystallization temperature on crystallization behavior,microstructure and compressive strength of glass-ceramics samples were analyzed by means of DTA,XRD,SEM and other analytical methods.The results show that with the increasing of heat treatment temperature,the species of the main crystalline is the same,but the intensity of XRD peak increase first,and then decrease.The glass-ceramics samples with best properties are obtained by nucleating at 820 ℃ and crystallizing at 1050 ℃.The glass-ceramics sample consisting of small columnar crystals has high compressive strength of 523 MPa.


Au et al. [2014] reported on a girl with a 590 Kb deletion within chromosome 1q41q42 and suggested that FBXO28 is a major gene contributing to the neurodevelopmental, epileptic, and dysmorphologic phenotype of patients with 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome [Shaffer et al., 2007; Rosenfeld et al., 2011]. In our Clinical Genetics Unit, we are following up a boy carrying a de novo 286.6 Kb deletion on chromosome 1q42.11q42.12 in which the proximal breakpoint includes the last exon of the FBXO28 gene. The deletion, detected by array-CGH analysis and refined by quantitative PCR, does not include other genes of the smallest region of overlap that has been previously identified among patients with 1q41q42 microdeletions [Shaffer et al., 2007; Rosenfeld et al., 2011]. Moreover, it involves the same additional genes included in the deletion reported by Au et al. (DEGS1, NVL, MIR320B2, CNIH4, WDR26, MIR4742) with the exception of CNIH3. The array-CGH analysis was carried out using the Agilent Human Genome CGH Microarray Kit 244 A. The proximal breakpoint of the deletion mapped between nucleotides 224,340,896 and 224,349,658, while the distal breakpoint mapped between nucleotides 224,636,258 and 224,646,322 (NCBI Build 37.1, Fig. 1). No other abnormalities were observed, excluding well-known benign copy number variations. Real-time quantitative PCR assay targeting exon 4, exon 5, and three regions of the 3'UTR of the FBXO28 gene was used to further refine the proximal breakpoint of the rearrangement. The analysis was performed on a RotorGene 6000 (Corbett Research, Mortlake, Australia) as previously described [Vecchi et al., 2011]. DNA samples from two healthy subjects were used as negative controls. The analysis revealed a deletion of the exon 5 and the 3UTR of the FBXO28 gene, while the exon 4 quantification was comparable with those of controls (Fig. 2). The patient was referred to our Institution because of developmental delay, absent speech, and seizures. He is the second-born child of healthy, nonconsanguineous parents, with an unremarkable family history. He was born at gestational week 41 after an uncomplicated pregnancy. Birth weight was 3,700 g (50th–75th centile), length was 51 cm (50th centile) and head circumference was 37.3 cm (90th centile). At birth, bilateral camptodactyly and unilateral inguinal hernia were observed. Between 18 months and 3 years of age he had five episodes of generalized febrile seizures without the evidence of EEG abnormalities. Afebrile generalized tonic–clonic seizures appeared at 6 years and slow EEG anomalies on the anterior regions were observed. Seizures were completely controlled with Valproic acid therapy. The brain MRI detected mild enlargement of the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles and a multicystic pineal gland. Neurological evaluations detected mild hypertonia with brisk reflexes. Feeding difficulties and sleep disturbance were not reported. Physical examination at 10 years (Fig. 3) revealed a head circumference of 56 cm (>97th centile), frontal bossing, dolichocephaly, wide mouth, thin vermilion of the upper lip, widely spaced teeth, and gingival hyperplasia. Cutis marmorata, generalized joint laxity, camptodactyly of the 4th and 5th fingers, tapering fingers, hallux valgus, and thin and fragile nails of both fingers and toes were also observed. Weight was 25 kg (3rd centile) and height was 132 cm (10th–25th centile). He could speak less than 20 words. Our patient and the one described by Au et al. [2014] shared several characteristic features of the 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome, including intellectually disability, language impairment, and epilepsy. Moreover, both patients had a distinctive facial phenotype that was already recognizable in some of the previously reported patients carrying larger 1q41q42 deletions; dysmorphic features included a slightly coarse face with widely spaced eyes, broad mouth, widely spaced teeth, and gingival hyperplasia. Cutis How to Cite this Article: Cassina M, Rigon C, Casarin A, Vicenzi V, Salviati L, Clementi M. 2015. FBXO28 is a critical gene of the 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome.


A real time functional near infrared imager (fNIRI) was introduced. The imager was controlled by a computer and the signals from the detectors were converted and processed in real time. A user-friendly software was programmed with Visual C++ language. Relative changes of oxy - Hb, Hb, and total blood concentration in 16 channels and the corresponding images can be displayed in real time on the computer. The imager was used as a real time monitor in psychological tests to record the response of the frontal cortex of human subjects. In mental work and pattern recognition tests, we recorded oxygen consumption and blood flow changes of volunteers' frontal cortex. The psychological results showed that the lower part of the left frontal gyres had intensive relation to pattern recognition and has definite boundaries. However, the mental work involved more zones of the frontal gyres and may be a complex conceptual model. The results also suggested that the human brain has an precise and complicated adjustability. The oxygen supplement in the stimulated area increased as the neuron stimulation.


The aim of the research within this Study was to establish productive and economic achievements of organic goat farm operating in Skopje region. The researches lasted 3 years (2008, 2009 and 2010) at the farm where around 200 300 heads of goats from of all categories of alpine race were bred. Almost the whole milk produced at the farm was processed into organic dairy products, such as: white brined cheese with and without spices and cashkawall. The organic kids born there were used as kids for livestock products market, kids sold as breeding goats and part of them were retained for own herd reproduction. The average lactation length in 2008 was 256.5 days, in 2009 264.3 days, and in 2010 was 263.3 days. The average daily amount of milk in 2008 was 1.5 liters, in 2009 1.56 L, and in 2010 1.62 L per head. The average milk lactation in 2008 was 385.02 liters, in 2009 412.38 L, and in 2010 424.6 L. Total income and total farm variable costs analysis were accessed, and the farm balance sheet has been produced. In all three years, with the highest percentage of total revenues were represented the revenues generated from the sale of dairy products: in 2008 with 58.7%, in 2009 with 51.2% and in 2010 with 59.2%. Also with the highest percentage in the farm's total costs in all three years of the survey were represented the food costs for the goats: in 2008 with 29.19%, in 2009 with 43.6% and in 2010 with 33.22%. The farm worked with profit in all three years of research.


The Free Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) is currently equipped with four Bunch Arrival time Monitors (BAMs) which are part of the optical synchronization system [1]. For the low bunch charge regime operation, the bandwidth has to be increased substantially. This paper shows a new design of a high frequency button pickup that can operate in a frequency band from DC up to 40 GHz. The performance of the designed model is analyzed for fabrication tolerances. A full wave simulation with CST PARTICLE STUDIO® is performed in order to prove the concept.


President Simmons, Mrs. Ogden, Dean Vohra, Prof. Varshney, Prof. Gutmann, other faculty members, students and guests, thank you very much for giving me this opportunity to deliver this year's Stephen A. Ogden Jr. '60 Memorial lecture. It is a great pleasure to be at this famous, Ivy-league campus. President Wayland's words, spoken more than 150 years ago, that this university should be a place where every student might study what he chose, all that he chose, and nothing but what he chose, have made this a unique place of learning. I thank the President for declaring 2009 – 2010 as the year of India. Coming from a family of teachers, my heroes and she-roes, borrowing the word "she-roes" from Maya Angelou, are students, teachers and researchers. You are my heroes and she-roes for a very simple reason – you believe in the power of questioning assumptions and inferences to advance knowledge. I am often reminded of the Chinese proverb, "He who asks a question remains a fool for a minute; He who does not remains a fool forever." Therefore, I thank Dean Vohra for this invitation to be here amongst you, the thinkers.


Three years from the top - The beginning of a professional, expanding learning journey? : European conference of Educational Research, 2009


Through re-understanding Lao's eco-ethics, it reveals its modern values of Taoist following nature, inaction, common sense and law to know, and contentment being not shame.That will help us re-examine the way of human beings to survive and seek the harmonious road between man and nature.


Preferential retention of photosensitizers in tumours has always been one of the major goals in the search for new photosensitizers and has determined the design of clinical trials with respect to the interval between drug administration and illumination. The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of tumour and plasma concentrations of Foscan (mTHPC, meta‐tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin) in relation to PDT effect. Both pharmacokinetic and tumour‐response studies were carried out in mice bearing s.c. RIF1 tumours. mTHPC was injected in 1 or 2 doses of 0.3 mg.kg\‐1. For distribution studies, 14C‐labelled mTHPC was given 5 min to 48 hr before determination of plasma and tumour drug levels. Non‐labelled sensitizer was used to determine the PDT efficacy for illumination at 5 min to 48 hr after drug administration. PDT efficacy was greatest for illumination at 1 to 3 hr, and for an interval of 48 hr there was no significant tumour‐growth delay. In contrast, mTHPC tumour drug levels reached a maximum 6 hr after injection and remained high for 48 hr. A comparison of pharmacokinetics and response studies revealed no significant correlation between tumour mTHPC levels and tumour response. There was, however, a significant correlation between plasma drug levels and tumour response for time intervals of 1 to 48 hr. This association may imply that PDT protocols should use shorter drug‐light intervals in combination with lower drug doses. This would increase safety and decrease the extent and duration of normal tissue photosensitization. Int. J. Cancer 73:236–239, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


PURPOSE: To obtain a magnetic resonance imaging compsn. for forming a magnetic resonance image of an organ such as the liver. CONSTITUTION: This magnetic resonance imaging compsn. contains particles of a practically insoluble manganese compd. for imaging a mitochondria-rich organ. The particles are practically nonmagnetic and have < about 10 μm particle diameter. An animal's illness is diagnosed with the particles.


Zakat is not only relates to ilahiyah worship but also relates to muamalah which has social and economic value. Zakat can be used as a tool to increase welfare and eradicate poverty. Since, Indonesia has large Muslim population, it supposes to has large amount of Zakat. However, the actual recorded zakat collection is still very far from the potency. People zakat literacy about zakat obligations is also low. This paper aims to see the impact pf zakat literacy to zakat collection by OPZ. This research was an associative quantitative study using PLS-SEM bootstrap with WarpPLS5. The object of this research was 9 OPZs (8 LAZNAS and 1 BAZ) which have representative offices in Surabaya. Respondents of this study were muzakki who represented OPZ. The results of this study indicated that zakat literacy has a significant effect on the realization of zakat collection, however the intention to pay zakat does not mediate the relationship between literacy and the realization of zakat collection. This research can be used to identify steps to increase zakat collection.


Since asymptomatic infections as "covert transmitter", and some patients can progress rapidly in the short term, it is essential to pay attention to the diagnosis and surveillance of asymptomatic patients with SARS-COV2 infection. CT scan has great value in screening and detecting patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, especially in the highly suspected or probable asymptomatic cases with negative RT-PCR for SARS-COV2. This study aimed to detect incidentally COVID-19 pneumonia on medical imaging for patients consulting for other reasons.


C23H20O9, Mr = 440.41, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 11.433 (1), b = 7.808 (2), c = 23.313 (3) A, beta = 99.67 (1) degree, V = 2052 A3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.43 g cm-3, lambda(MoK alpha) = 0.71073 A, mu = 0.69 cm-1, F(000) = 920, T = 293 K, final R = 0.048 for 1645 observed [Fo greater than or equal to 5 sigma(Fo)] reflections. The observed structure reveals a trans relationship for the 4-acetoxymethyl and 5-aryl substituents. The 4,5-dihydrofuran ring system adopts an envelope conformation. There is no crystallographically imposed symmetry. Several intermolecular van der Waals interactions occur in the cell lattice of this compound.


Digital transmitters based on delta-sigma modulation (DSM) and pulse-width modulation (PWM) are very active research areas because of their potential for achieving better integrated, lower cost, and higher efficiency communication devices. To achieve the best output power and efficiency, it is critical to have accurate models of the nonlinear behaviors in these transmitters and the ability to apply nonlinearity compensation. Previous research efforts have been mostly focused on behavior modeling of this type of transmitters using bit sequences from the DSM/PWM. The resulting models have high complexity and computation cost. In this paper, we start from the passband Volterra model and derive a new baseband Volterra model for this type of transmitters. The effectiveness of the new model is demonstrated in simulations and in linearizing of a 45nm CMOS digital transmitter. For a 10 MHz LTE signal, DPD based on the new model achieved around 5 dB adjacent channel power ratio improvement, while DPD based on conventional models showed improvement less than 1 dB.


The article reveals the ethnographic research data of an officer, orientalist and Russian emigrant P.V. Shkurkin on the history, culture, religion, everyday life, economic activity, appearance and other features of foreign tribes living on the territory of southwestern China. The material is based on an archival source – an article "Lolo (Old and New about the Foreigners of Southwestern China)" written by P.V. Shkurkin and published in the journal "Vestnik Asii" ("Bulletin of Asia") in Harbin in 1913 (no. 17–18). The author of the current article provides extensive extracts from Shkurkin's work, covering religious and cult features of the culture of Lolo (historical name) – peoples of East and Southeast Asia, currently living in China in the provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, as well as in Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos. The author structures the extracts on the relevant topics providing with necessary comments and additions.


Scanning electron microscopic studies of the insect egg chorion have yielded important informationof great taxonomicand functional significance (HINTON, 1981; MARGARITIS, 1985). In Odonata, however, such studies are confined to only a few species (MILLER, 1987; IVEY, et. al.,1988; BECNEL & DUNKLE, 1990; TRUEMAN, 1990; 1991;SAHLEN, 1995; MAY,1995), including five from India(ANDREW & TEMBHARE, 1992,95,96; ANDREW, 2002; ANDREW


Abstract In this paper, we establish effective asymptotic formulas of Delange–Selberg type for some arithmetic functions on the semigroupG K of all non-zero integral ideals in Z K . Our theorems generalize and improve on previous results.


Human activities such as combustion of fossil fuels,intensive agriculture and stockbreeding,have significantly altered the global nitrogen cycling in the last several decades,resulting in increasing concentrations of nitrogenous compounds in the atmosphere and increasing N deposition several fold.Nitrogen deposition can lead to changes in N-status of forest soils,species composition,and possible decline in the function and primary productivity of forest.In addition,nitrogen deposition can alter the rates of microbial N-and C-turnover,and thus,can affect the fluxes of greenhouse gases(e.g.CO2,CH4,and N2O) from forest soils.The effects of N deposition on the fluxes of greenhouse gases from forest soils are reviewed in this paper.The effects of N deposition on greenhouse gas fluxes from forest soils range from positive to negative depending on forest type,N-status of the soil,and the rate of N deposition.In forest ecosystems where biological processes are limited by N supply,N additions either stimulate soil respiration or have no significant effect,whereas in "N saturated" forest ecosystems,N additions decrease CO2 emission,reduce CH4 oxidation,and elevate N2O flux from the soil.The mechanisms and research methods about the effects of N deposition on greenhouse gas fluxes from forest soils are also reviewed in this paper.Finally,the present and future research needs about the effects of N deposition on the fluxes of greenhouse gases from forest soils are discussed.


Unearthed in January 1601 in a vineyard belonging to the Carmelite friars, located near the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome, the Aldobrandini Wedding (Fig. 1) was an immediate sensation. The fresco's excellent quality and remarkable state of preservation led to its prompt extraction. At a time when remains of Roman frescoes were exceedingly rare, this extraordinary discovery significantly added to what was then known about ancient wall paintings. A letter written in 1601 by the French scholar Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc to his Paduan friend, Lorenzo Pignoria, preserves the earliest surviving description of the Aldobrandini Wedding. In addition to his careful documentation of the figures' appearance, Peiresc's missive also contains the first reference to what would soon become the canonical interpretation of this captivating composition: a representation of "the ceremonies that were celebrated during a wedding and that the figure sitting on the ground is Hymenaeus." Soon purchased by Cardinal Pietro Aldobrandini, this precious fragment of Roman wall painting was transferred to his newly acquired villa on the Quirinal, where, beginning in 1602, it was displayed in a loggetta purposely refurbished as a private art gallery.


Development of efficient, low‐cost, and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of significant importance for many electrochemical devices, such as rechargeable metal–air batteries, fuel cells, and water electrolyzers. Here, a novel approach for the synthesis of a trifunctional electrocatalyst derived from iron/cobalt‐containing polypyrrole (PPy) hydrogel is reported. This strategy relies on the formation of a supramolecularly cross‐linked PPy hydrogel that allows for efficient and homogeneous incorporation of highly active Fe/Co–N–C species. Meanwhile, Co nanoparticles are also formed and embedded into the carbon scaffold during the pyrolysis process, further promoting electrochemical activities. The resultant electrocatalyst exhibits prominent catalytic activities for ORR, OER, and HER, surpassing previously reported trifunctional electrocatalysts. Finally, it is demonstrated that the as‐obtained trifunctional electrocatalyst can be used for electrocatalytic overall water splitting in a self‐powered manner under ambient conditions. This work offers new prospects in developing highly active, nonprecious‐metal‐based electrocatalysts in electrochemical energy devices.