In the seventeenth century, public resources were essential to the survival of the English poor. The common law, stretching back to Magna Carta and the Forest Charter, provided them with usufructuary rights to the commons. Those rights were violated by the enclosure movement, which received royal assent beginning with Charles I's absolutist reign in 1625. As a result, the common people joined with Parliament to overthrow Charles I. After the Interregnum, Matthew Hale wrote De Jure Maris, a treatise foundational to the public trust doctrine in America and the doctrine's expansion abroad. Hale lived through the Civil War which resulted from the king's abuse of his prerogatives, and his treatise was written during an effluvium of ideas about the obligations that a sovereign incurs incidental to their rule. Two of the most radical groups to espouse reciprocal rule were the Levellers and the Diggers. Their ideas were also among the most popular expressions of anti-monopoly sentiment during Hale's lifetime. Hale's works became the foundation for the public trust doctrine in America when American jurists relied on his treatise beginning with Arnold v. Mundy in the early 19th century. The public trust doctrine should therefore include in its pedigree these populist groups and their ideas about stewardship of common resources and the duty to prevent their alienation for private gain that influenced Hale.


This paper presents a method for designing circular template used in similarity measurement for image registration. Circular template has translation and rotation invariant property, which results in correct matching of control points for image registration under the condition of translation and rotation between reference and sensed images. Circular template consisting of the pixels located on the multiple circumferences of the circles whose radii vary from zero to a certain distance, is converted to two-dimensional Discrete Polar Coordinate Matrix (DPCM), whose elements are the pixels of the circular template. For sensed image, the same type of circular template and DPCM are created by rotating the circular template repeatedly by a certain degree in the range between 0 and 360 degrees and then similarity is calculated using mutual information of the two DPCMs. The best match is determined when the mutual information for each rotation angle at each pixel in search area is maximum. The proposed algorithm was tested using KOMPSAT-2 images acquired at two different times and the results indicate high accurate matching performance under image rotation.


Contextual learning media is not much developed by PAI teachers. In addition, there are limitations of teacher competencies to develop creative learning media for students. Therefore, this study aims to describe the design specifications of digital comic learning media with a contextual approach in improving student learning outcomes in class VII PAI subjects. After that, the second goal is to find out the feasibility of digital comic learning media with a contextual approach from material experts and media experts. This research method uses a research and development approach. The research model used is Analyze, Design, Develop, Implementation and Evaluation. Data collection was obtained through observation, documentation, interviews, and validation instruments. The results of this study indicate that the design specifications for digital comic learning media discuss religious material that requires contextual explanation, in this case, honest, trustworthy, and consistent material. The output of learning media can be used via a smart phone based on the Android system. The feasibility of comics from the material aspect obtains a very feasible category with a mode of 84.7%. While the feasibility of comics in the media aspect is smaller than the feasibility of the material, arround 80%, but it is still a proper level using in learning. Through a sufficiently mature initial study and recommendations for the feasibility of comic media from experts, it is strongly predicted that this learning media can improve learning outcomes for class VII junior high school students with contextual-based learning


Context: Lingula is a sharp tongue-shaped bony projection located on the medial aspect of mandibular ramus and knowledge regarding its shape, size, and location is clinically significant in oral and maxillofacial surgeries. Aim: The present study aims to study shape, height, and precise location of lingula in dry adult human mandibles. Materials and Methods: The material for this study comprised of sixty (120 sides) dry adult human mandibles of North Indian origin to determine the morphological features and location of lingula. Student′s t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Triangular (61.6%) shape of lingula was most commonly found followed by truncated (46.6%), nodular (31.6%), and assimilated (11.6%) types. Each type of lingula was more often unilateral than bilateral. The mean height of the lingula was 5.5 ± 2.02 mm. The mean distance of lingula from the anterior and posterior borders of mandibular ramus was 20.0 ± 2.4 mm and 15.0 ± 2.7 mm, respectively. The lingula was located at 15.4 ± 2.7 mm from the mandibular notch and 30.4 ± 3.5 mm from the distal side of alveolar socket of mandibular second molar tooth. The mean lingula ratio was 0.567 ± 0.005. Conclusion: The information regarding shape, height, and precise location of lingula in relation to various mandibular ramal landmarks could be of immense help in performing surgical procedures such as bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO), intraoral ventral ramus osteotomy (IVRO), and inferior alveolar nerve block.


A man I was assessing talked about an incident with his young baby. He said that he was trying to help his baby back to sleep in the early hours of the morning after his wife had fed him. He told me that their baby was crying and he was unable to comfort him. The baby became more and more distressed. The man told me that he felt upset that he was unable to quieten his son, particularly as he was anxious to give his wife a rest. He said that at that moment he suddenly remembered his father saying "you can never do anything right, can you?" after he had done poorly in an exam. He told me that he started to cry. I think it is likely that at that moment he went into a dissociative state in which he was flooded with shame and a sense of his own uselessness. He told me that he had been patting his son on the back. He said that he suddenly realised that he was no longer patting him but was hitting him hard. He told me that he then placed the baby back in his cot and went and found his wife for help. (Cited in Jim Walker's article on shame) I've not practised in the UK before so I've never seen workers spend so much energy trying to cover themselves. One of the ways that they do it is by not taking responsibility and making the managers take responsibility for decisions. It doesn't work, because every inquiry that I have read has blamed the worker. (Social worker, overseas qualified, cited in Andrew Whittaker's article on organisational defences)


Excerpt:

"AICA's XLVII International Congress was hosted this year in Asia for the first time in many years and its debates were always influenced by and made aware of the region's scale and importance as perhaps the most dynamically changing and promising context for contemporary art in the world. Seoul's brand new Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art is just one of many symbols of Asia's new cultural emergence. Aspects of Nicolas Bourriaud's Altermodern thesis do seem to be holding water here as we see countries like Korea and Taiwan and of course China proceed confidently to the forefront of global contemporary art fuelled by, and embracing their own heterochronic, other and late modernities."


The observation of a long‐wavelength shift in the peak of the photoemission spectra of lightly doped InP and vapor‐expitaxial GaAs is reported. It is shown that this long‐wavelength shift of the band‐edge emission is due to electron‐hole‐lattice (EHL) interactions. The samples of this work are volume photoexcited in a low‐loss high‐Q compound optical cavity which permits the observation of recombination radiation at energies E ≥ Eg, as well as at energies E ≤ Eg.


Some preliminary results are presented on a new method of identification for discrete time linear systems. The method is required to operate on experimentally determined, noisy frequency response data and is specifically required to yield a model which facilitates the design of robust controllers in the infinity norm. The philosophy underlying this method is not only to provide a robust identification algorithm but more importantly to emphasize minimization of the error bound between the true plant and the model. It is the reduction of this bound that allows improved performance to be obtained by the closed loop system when controlled by an H/sup infinity / controller. The bound of this new method is computable from the a priori information of the plant's relative stability properties and the noise's bound as well as the a posteriori information of the plant's noisy frequency response. The plant transfer function must be in the class of stable, causal, time invariant linear systems. The best method obtained to data is presented, and it is shown that its theoretical error bounds are smaller than those of other methods in the literature. Theoretical examples are included to demonstrate the method's performance.<<ETX>>


Introduction: The improvement of nursing care quality and the pre-sentation of nursing care with a good quality have an effective role on desirable care, prevention illness return, decrease of hospitaliza-tion and decrease of cost hospital, family an community. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of mentoring program on the quality of presented nursing care recording Method: The present research is a quasi-experimental study in two hospital of Sanandaj city, which was carried out after non-random-ized sampling. In the study 10 nurses participated and for each nurses 5 profiles of patients were assigned to experimental and control group. For supervisors mentoring program designed (education, support, faciliator, feedback) was implemented within two months. For data collection, nursing care quality questionnaire was used. Results: The results of U-Mann Whitney test before intervention and before and after operation, revealed that the quality of nursing care recording is weak (P=0.501 & Z=0.663), but after intervention results in experimental group was intermediate and significant (P=0.000 & Z=-8.078). Conclusion: According to the results, mentoring program brings about improvement of nursing care in patients with surgical opera-tion. Therefore, it is suggested that regarding the percentage of suc-cess of the program, in different wards it can be implemented.


An shift-invariant wavelet-based method is presented to detect the envelope of voltage flickers. The method is based on the quadrature signal idea and a linear-phase complex wavelet with an odd real part and an even imaginary part. From the wavelet transform (WT) coefficients it is easy to construct a pair of quadrature components corresponding to the signal being analyzed with the same amplitude and the same frequency. Using the quadrature components we can demodulate an amplitude modulated signal and then pick up its envelope, or the flicker waveform in the case of voltage flicker. Compared with the existing methods the distinctive features of this method are: shift-invariant results from a fast dyadic pyramid algorithm not a time-consuming shift-invariant one or reconstruction one; two real smoothed WT at scales 1 and 2 and one complex detailed WT at scale 3 not both smoothed WT and detailed WT at many scales. These make the method fast, correct and able to track the flicker level instantaneously.


The robust interface between conductive patterns (metal/non-metal) and the underlying flexible substrates plays a key role in the durability and stability of flexible conductive electrodes. Numerous surface modification techniques have been developed in the past years to realize the interfacial enhancement. However, the existing techniques suffer from different kinds of drawbacks such as requirement for chemical specificity between interfacial modifiers and surfaces, the use of complex instrumentation, the need for multistep procedures for implementation or lack of long-term stability. Here we adopt the dopamine-based polymer as the coating agent to prepare various flexible conductive circuits with unique anti-bending and anti-scratch properties. The polymer coating can effectively coat and modify the wettability of various flexible substrates like PET, PI and PDMS. By quantifying the adhesion betwen the polymer coating on these substrates, we find that it can effectively increse the adhesion between different conductive inks and flexible substrates by several times. Therefore, the polymer coating can not only be successfully introudced to flexible conductive Ag and carbon-based patterns via screen-printing, but also construct flexible Au electrodes via transfer printing. In this way, we are able to fabricate robust flexible electrodes which can undergo thousands cycles of bending and severe scratch. Our study clearly demonstrated that the dopamine-based polymer can be a versatile platform for robust flexible electonics. We believe that our work has combined the easy dopamine chemistry with the burgeoning field of flexible electronics, which could promote the further development of flexible electrodes.


OBJECTIVE
To study cytotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the human lens epithelium cells and to identify the biological mechanism for these effects.

METHODS
In this experimental study, human lens epithelium cells (FHL124 cells) were cultured in Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum. The effects of As2O3 on FHL124 cells growth were tested by MTT, and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. Gene changes were detected by real-time PCR (Taqman). As2O3-induced changes in cell calcium level were measured by real-time fluorometric single-cell digital imaging techniques after Fura-2 incorporation.

RESULTS
As2O3 inhibited the growth of FHL 124 cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, given an IC50 value of 1.5 micromol/L. As2O3 induced apoptosis of FHL124 cells as showed by TUNEL assay. As2O3 provoked an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response identified through an up regulation of EIF2A, ERN1 and ATF6 (F = 8.51, P = 0.0005). As2O3 depleted the calcium store and consequently lead to a decrease of calcium signaling (P = 0.0018). Moreover, As2O3 had a moderate effect on the calcium influx pathway.

CONCLUSIONS
As2O3 inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of human lens epithelium cells. As2O3 provokes an ER stress which could be the cause of apoptic processes.


The survey, which includes sampling at over 100 sites carried out primarily during flowering of spurge, has resulted in identification of 275 insects to genus or species. Represented are species that were considered to have potential importance in any biological control efforts such as spurge-feeders, parasites, and predators. The abundance of parasitic and predacious forms during the period of flowering would seem to indicate that the leafy spurge flowers are providing a desirable and plentiful supply of food for nectarfeeding adult insects; in response, many predacious insects are taking advantage of the presence of an increase in their potential food resources. Many of the parasitic species of Hymenoptera are known to have adult forms which are nectar-feeders. Adult parasite activity on the spurge plants represents a threat to any insect which might be feeding on spurge foliage, including any exotic forms that might be released. In the same vein, predators, attracted by the high level of activity around the plants, represent a similar threat.


Indium-zinc oxide (IZO) films were grown on glass substrates by rf magnetron sputtering using targets of 50mol% In2O3–50mol% In2O3(ZnO)3 and In2ZnkOk+3 (k=3, 4, 5, and 7) at room temperature and 300°C. The difference in Zn content between the films and the sputter targets varied with the growth temperature. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of the IZO films were investigated as a function of Zn content. The crystal structure of IZO films grown at room temperature changed from amorphous to crystalline at a Zn content (Zn∕(Zn+In)) of 68at.%. IZO films grown at 300°C using a target of 50% In2O3–50% In2O3(ZnO)3 had a Zn content of 40at.% and its x-ray diffraction peaks were matched with those of ITO. As the Zn content in IZO thin films grown at 300°C increased from 40to74at.%, the conductivity and optical band gap energy decreased.


In a clinical trial a new pyrrolidonyl-p-naphthylamide (PYR) hydrolysis test was compared with the bacitracin disk susceptibility test for accuracy in the presumptive identification of group A streptococci (GAS). Among 128 isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci 93 group A isolates were found. The sensitivity of the PYR and bacitracin tests were similar (98.9%), but the bacitracin test had a lower specificity (80%) than the PYR test (100%). The efficiency of the PYR and bacitracin test were 99.2% and 93.7%, respectively. All bacitracin tests wen� performed on subcultures of the isolates from the primary plate, whereas PYR testing was performed on colonies from the primary plate. This shortened the turnaround time for the PYR test compared to the bacitracin test by at least 24 hours. MJIRI, Vol. 9, No.3, 243-245,1995. Volume 9 Number 3 F;l1l 1374 NO\lcmbcr 1995


The article analyses the characteristic of water assets,water project of Huaihe watershed,and Jiangsu south-to-north water diversion project.Combining with the innovation status of state-owned asset management system,it puts forward the following management patterns: Firstly,Jiangsu water source Co.Ltd of the eastern route of south-to-north water diversion is established and managed by Jiangsu provincial government.Secondly,on behalf of the Jiangsu provincial government,the provincial department of water administration is the investor of state-owned assets.Thirdly,the provincial department of water administration is in charge of the running management of Jiangsu water source Co.Ltd.In quite long period,the operation of Jiangsu water source Co.Ltd mainly depends on the exterior environments' operation,such as the management of government(department of water administration),public financial transfer payment,and the establishment of water rate formation mechanism.Main responsibility of the corporation is to introduce enterprise-oriented mechanism and carry out efficient management.The water supply management to outside Jiangsu province will operate on the way of market-oriented.


Combining the quality and information management technology with the practices,the envisages are put forward of modern networks and databank technology in the paper.The authors indicate the prevailing problems,which may be handled with the technology and the target,which can be realized.The trend of the technology development is predicted as well.


China has a long history in planting mulberry,the types of variety and its total production are the most in the world.Mulberry's nutrition values are higher than most common fruits.In ancient China's herbal medicine,mulberrys was well known to have a lot of functions;it has already been recognized as a kind of natural nutrition and functional food for many years.Mulberry used in drugs and herbal medicine can not only increases farmers'income,but also meets the market's needs for healthy food.Therefore,it has both economic and social benefits.In this paper,the chemical composition of mulberry,such as resveratrol,med-mulberry,mulberry red pigment was illustrated;the utilization and future development in our country was presented;the present study and future application in medicine were also introduced.The mulberry red pigment extraction process and its market prospects were analyzed.


The fat obtained from a Dutch Guiana sample of P. aquatica seeds contained a high proportion (∼6o%) of palmitic acid and ∼25% of acids of the sterculic acid type which may contain hydroxyl groups. The increase in viscosity which occurs when the fat is heated to 250° is attributed to the presence of these acids.


T he halogen to r ch iere , or u p li gh t e r, h a s enjoyed unprecedented success over the last decade as a residential fixture in North America and parts of Europe. Its high temperature halogen light source, while bright and attractive, consumes 300 to 500 watts of power, and has caused at least 189 fires in the United States alone. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recent development of a voluntary label for energy efficient residential fixtures — Energy Star — has served as the foundation for a concerted effort to transform the market for torchieres and other residential fixtures. Electric utilities are now investing millions of dollars in incentive and promotional programs to encourage their customers to switch from purchasing cheap halogen torchieres to purchasing higher cost, higher value, Energy Star alternatives. The most successful marketing efforts for such products, while acknowledging the value of their energy savings, focus primarily on their non-energy benefits, such as improved safety. The term "market transformation" has seen widespread application to a series of initiatives to encourage the sale of more energy efficient technologies. In most cases, these initiatives are pursued by individual utilities, groups of utilities, or governments. The initiatives succeed or fail primarily on their ability to persuade consumers to buy a product on the basis of a single attribute: energy efficiency. While for some customers the energy metric can be decisive, for most it is merely a helpful piece of information – not a factor that, by itself, moves them to purchase a particular product ( Jennings, et al., 1996). Recently, a number of researchers have begun exploring another dimension of these efficient technologies: their non-energy factors. Nutek's technology procurement and market transformation programs, for example, have placed substantial emphasis on the low noise transmittance of windows, the quiet operation of refrigerators, the lowevaporation performance of clothes washers and dryers, and the lower heat output and longer life of high frequency-ballasted lamps, rather than solely addressing their energy consumption characteristics. By emphasizing nonenergy factors shown to be important to target customer groups, Nutek achieved far greater interest from those parties in procuring efficient equipment. (Nutek, B1996:3, and 1994:70). At the 1993 Right Light conference, one of the authors delivered a paper on this topic that identified the central importance of non-energy factors in consumer acceptance of compact fluorescent lamps (Wilms and Mills, 1993). It also demonstrated in some detail the poor correlation between lamp purchase price and sales for several countries. A subsequent paper explored, for a range of energy efficient technologies, the multiple dimensions of nonenergy benefits, including improved indoor air quality, enhanced health and safety, improved acoustics, labor savings, improved process control, amenity/convenience, water savings, and indirect economic benefits through equipment downsizing. For energy efficient lighting, the commonly known non-energy benefits include lamp longevity, safety, the aesthetic advantages of diffuse light sources, and certain environmental advantages. This paper addresses the particular interactions between energy efficiency and safety in one specific light fixture type: the halogen torchiere, or uplighter. It traces the simultaneous rise of interest in improving the efficiency of the products and the growing awareness of their safety risks, showing how each factor interacted with the other to create demand for energy efficient, safer alternatives to the halogen torchiere in the U.S. market.


SHOULD PREJUDICE BE TRANSLATED? A REFLECTION ON THE ETHICS IN THE ACT OF TRANSLATION BASED ON THE TRANSLATION OF JULES VERNE'S LA JANGADA
ABSTRACT: This article is based on a translation project of Jules Verne's novel La Jangada (1881), aiming to propose a reflection on the ethical issues involved in the translation of a text that can be misconstrued as prejudiced from the point of view of its target audience. We understand that the answer to the question "Should prejudice be translated?" depends on many factors, including the purpose and the target audience of the translation. We borrow Pym's (2012) view on the ethics of translation. We also draw on Pym's (2012) concept of responsibility, as well as Nord's (2016) definition of loyalty, in order to attempt to understand what an ethical translation means. Some excerpts of the translated novel are presented to highlight this issue and to discuss the relevance of the translation possibilities.
KEYWORDS: Literary translation, Translation and ethics, Ethics, Jules Verne.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the qualitative composition of excipients on formulation technology of hard gelatin capsules containing high amount of dry extract from Aesculus hippocastanum L. (ESAH). The rheological and technological characteristics of ESAH were determined and the influence of pharmaceutical excipients on the properties of mixtures was studied by a 22 factorial design. The dissolution profiles of the capsules containing the best mixtures were obtained using sodium lauryl sulfate aqueous solution 1% (w/v) as medium. The ESAH showed high cohesivity and therefore low flow. Moreover, the ESAH showed lower level of residual moisture and was stable under controlled atmosphere. When considering pre-formulation, the filler/binder materials (microcrystalline cellulose or lactose) and glidant (colloidal silicon dioxide) increased the technological properties of the mixtures in comparison to pure ESAH. In conclusion, the dissolution profiles showed that there was no significant difference between the formulations and the ESAH, which demonstrated totally release after 30 minutes.


Arguments dealing with empirical and theoretical considerations have been raised in order to challenge or to defend the molecular clock hypothesis (e. An important role in the controversy has been assigned to the relative-rate test of molecular evolution (Sarich and Wilson 1973), since it can be applied without referring to geological time (for review, see Wilson et al. 1977). This test has been used widely as ultima ratio in order to support the rate-constancy hypothesis of molecular evolution (for recent examples, see, e.g., Bledsoe 1987; Easteal 1988), although it was pointed out more than 10 years ago that the relative-rate test cannot detect changes in the evolutionary rate if proteins change their rates proportionally (Fitch 1976). In the present letter, the potential failure of the relative-rate test to support the rate-constancy hypothesis is emphasized using Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), since this protein has been considered to be a very poor evolutionary clock (for a detailed discussion of nine sequences, see Lee et al. 1985; Ayala et al. 1986). The difference matrix based on 12 amino acid sequences of SOD is shown in figure 1. The boxed numbers indicate different pairs of species that should be separated by approximately the same number of amino acid differences in order to support the rate-constancy hypothesis. Ideally, the distances should be identical (equidistances), since the times of divergence are assumed to be identical. However, the statistical nature of mutational events inevitably will produce deviations, which are summarized in table 1 and which range between 2.0% and 3.8% of the average distance. Whether these deviations observed for a particular group can be assigned to the statistical nature of or provide evidence for a nonlinear behavior of molecular evolution can be evaluated by the x2 test, which was performed according to a method described in detail by Fitch (1976). The test yielded x2 values between 0 and 3.36, with averages ranging from 0.17 to 0.78 (table 1). The relative-rate test was also applied using a difference matrix that was transformed by a logarithmic function in order to correct for multiple replacements according to the methods of Margoliash and Fitch (1968) and Dick-erson (197 1). Considerably higher x2 values, with averages ranging between 0.53 and 2.22, have been found in this case. However, application of the x2 test presupposes a normally distributed set of numbers-in the present case, amino acid differences. It is doubtful whether the x2 …


In early 2017, the Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau of Hong Kong conducted a consultation and proposed to put in place a regime under its Companies Ordinance to enhance the transparency of beneficial ownership of companies by requiring them to publish the names of their ultimate owners on company registers in an effort to meet prevailing international standards to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. The consultation conclusion was published in April 2017 which stated that based on the overall support for the proposed legislation, it seeks to introduce such regime by late 2017. This article is written against such background and highlights the rationales for Hong Kong in introducing such a law. In doing so, the article will make reference to the United Kingdom and Singapore which have also recently implemented a similar regime under their company law.


The neuropsychological tests and its subtests are composed Background of the motor planning task; simple reaction time task and the intradimensional/extradimensional shift (IED) task from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) were developed to examine specific components of cognition. The main objective of this study was to examine the reliability of these CANTAB subtests in pediatric patients with learning disabilities (LD) in Saudi Arabia. : We administered the CANTAB subset test to 92 participants with Methods LD and 68 controls with no LD. The tests performed were motor planning task (MOT), simple reaction time task (SRT) and the intradimensional/extradimensional shift (IED). : There was no significant age difference between the case and the Results control group (case: 9.2 ± 2.4 years versus controls: 9.0 ± 1.6 years, p=0.544). The IED and MOT were significantly longer among patients with LD versus control (p <0.001). LD cases had a longer SRT time than controls (cases: 1050.4 ± 626.5 versus controls: 815.5 ± 133.9, p=0.003). LD patients completed an average of 3.0 stages, than the controls, who were able to complete a mean of 8.4 IED stages (p<0.001). SRT was significantly longer in the case group (965.9 ± 716.4) compared to the controls (747.7 ± 120.7, p=0.014). LD cases made more errors in the motor screening tasks (MOT-Error) compared to the control group (case: 14.6 ± 4.5 versus controls: 12.4 ± 2.7, p<0.001). : Patients with LD have poor CANTAB subtest results. If these Conclusion CANTAB subtests do measure cognitive function, this adds to the accumulating evidence of cognitive impairment association in LD, and such 1,2 3 2


The utility model discloses a small-sized circuit breaker with over-current, over-voltage, and under-voltage and earth leakage protection for 18 mm wideband. The small-sized circuit breaker comprisesa circuit breaker body 1 which is composed of a left shell 11, a middle shell 12 and an outer shell 13, and is composed of a handle 2, a connecting rod 3, a test pushbutton system 4 and an electromagnetic induction system 5, wherein a number four connecting terminal 6 is arranged on the lower end of the electromagnetic induction system 5, and a number one arc-extinguishing chamber 10 is arranged on the other side corresponding to a number two arc-extinguishing chamber 7, beside a fixed contact 9 and on the lower end of a number three connecting terminal 8. The small-sized circuit breaker has the beneficial effects that as two arc-extinguishing chambers are installed in a narrow space, the arc-extinguishing effect is better, and electric sparks can not easily generate when the circuit-breaker is opened and closed.


Description : Cone rather small, spherical, ca. 16 mm in diameter ; cone-scales ca. 16 in number, arranged in 4 longitudinal rows, each row with 4 scales ; escutcheon hexagonal, transversely grooved and radially wrinkled, 10 mm wide, 3 mm high. Peduncle stout, 2 mm in diameter. Leaves with decurrent base, sessile, arranged in 2 lines ; linear, bluntly mucronate at apex, 10 mm long, 2 mm wide ; upper surface slightly furrowed along the midrib. Remarks : The arrangement of the cone-scales in the present species is in longitudinal rows, while being usually spiral in most other species. It has this characteristic feature in common with the cones from the Miocene of John Day valley, once described by Lesquereuxt1) as belonging to Sequoia langsdorfii ; unfortunately the latter is too imperfect for farther comparison with the present materials. Cone-scales of Sequoia subdues, as well as known, to a considerable variation in number ; in the existing S. sempervirens it varies from 14 to 29 and in S. gigantea from 35 to 402) In the present fossil, on the contrary, it is almost 16 and arranged in 4 longitudinal rows ; this number of scales does occur, indeed, also in the existing sempervirens , b ut is extremely rare, perhaps less than 1 percent. This species based on the characteristic cone had an extensive geo graphical distribution through Japan and Korea during Miocene and


The article presents the results of a study of the distribution and seasonal dynamics of arachnoentomoses of horses. Arachnoses and entomoses - invasive diseases caused by arthropods - ticks and insects, temporary and permanent parasites of animals, causing enormous economic damage to horse breeding. Horses can be parasitized by subcutaneous mosquitoes - oviparous and live-bearing two-winged insects that parasitize in the larval stage. The aim of the research was to study the distribution of arachnoentomoses of horses in farms of different forms of ownership depending on the season. The research was conducted during 2019-2020 on horses of different breeds and age groups in the farm STOV "Victoria" of Krasnopil district and private farms of Sumy region. In order to detect entoparasites and endoparasites in horses, diagnostic studies (epizootological, clinical and laboratory) were performed. A total of 68 animals of different age groups were studied. Extensiveness and intensity of chorioptosis and sarcoptosis invasion were determined by the mortal method using 10% sodium hydroxide solution. To the scrapes taken from the affected areas of the skin was added a 10% solution of sodium hydroxide, moved and left for 30 minutes. to soften the crusts. Then the material was placed in small portions on a glass slide and examined under a microscope at low magnification. Extensiveness and intensity of hematopinosis invasion were determined during examination of horses on the skin, in the neck, shoulders, tail found eggs, larvae and adult lice. In turn, bloodsuckers were found during the examination on the snout, head, neck, ears, sides of the animal. Detected insects were examined with a magnifying glass. The most common arachnoentomoses of horses have been found to be hematopinosis, hypoboscosis, chorioptosis, and sarcoptosis. According to the results of our research, we found larvae eggs and mature insects in 20% of the studied animals. According to morphological features, a species affiliation was established - lice Haematopinus asini of the family Haematopinidae. In some animals, the intensity of the invasion reached 2-3 copies. parasites per 1 dm² body area of the animal. Also during the examination of horses on the snout, head, neck, ears, sides of 8% of animals were found bloodsuckers Nurrobosca equina family Hyppoboscidae. The intensity of the invasion in some animals reached 3-4 copies. parasites per 1 dm² body area of the animal. In addition to Chorioptes egui mites, Sarcoptes equi mites of the Sarcoptidae family were found in the scrapings studied. The extent of the invasion was 4.5%, and the intensity was 3 specimens of mites in the field of view of the microscope. Acariform mites of the species Chorioptes egui were found in the study of horse skin scrapings. Characteristic features of this species are the presence of long bristles that cover almost the entire body. The extent of the invasion was 8.3%, and the intensity was 2 specimens of mites in the field of view of the microscope. It was found that the peak of hematopinosis invasion occurs in the autumn-winter period of 28% and 19%, while in the spring-summer period this figure was 7% and 2%, respectively. Nurrobosca equine was found only in the summer. Simultaneous parasitization of Haematopinus asini lice and chorioptes mites was detected in horses. Acarosis chorioptosis and sarcoptosis reached the peak of invasion in the autumn-winter period of 20% and 22% and 8% and 7%, respectively.


Combining the near-field probe beam to the sample by using a mask having an array of sub-wavelength apertures, discloses a system and method for near field interference microscopy. Around the mask further comprises coupling light to the base of the interference signal indicating the relative distance between the mask and the sample in the sample, a larger one or more apertures. Interference signal can be a base of the control signal in the servo system to dynamically position the mask with respect to the sample.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the combined use of transvaginal sonography and endometrial cytology for the diagnosis of endometrial disorders in postmenopausal women.

METHODS
One hundred forty-three patients with postmenopausal uterine bleeding were studied prospectively. Transvaginal sonography was used to measure the endometrial thickness (double layers), followed by use of the ori endometrial sampler. The results were compared to the histopathologic diagnosis of specimens obtained by dilatation and curettage.

RESULTS
When the cutoff point of endometrial thickness was set at 5 mm to detect endometrial malignancy and premalignancy, transvaginal sonography showed a 100.0% sensitivity and 56.9% false positive rate. Endometrial cytology showed a 96.3% specificity but it had a 2.5% false negative rate. The combined use of transvaginal sonography and endometrial cytology can decrease false positive rate of transvaginal sonography from 56.9% to 43.2% (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
The combined use of transvaginal sonography and endometrial cytology is a good method to screen endometrial malignancy and premalignancy.


This paper designs a website loading process monitoring system based on Webkit, by analysing the framework of Webkit and the processing of HTTP request. This monitoring system simulates the website loading process of browsers, and records the loading process information of all resources in the monitored website.


This article recuperates and redefines the conception of trauma within the context of Puerto Rican cultural production. It examines Francisco Oller y Cestero's masterpiece, the 1893 painting El velorio; a composition that raises the question of trauma cast as subaltern visibility. I have chosen El velorio for two reasons: first, Francisco Oller is surely the most important Puerto Rican painter of his time, and as such, a major representative of the nineteenth-century cultural elites. Second, and perhaps more important, El velorio underscores my contention that Puerto Rican trauma was not about exteriority—or U.S. American domination—but about proximity, even kinship. In contrast with the traditional model, I see trauma as a set of problematic relations between the elites and the subaltern (peasants, blacks, and women) that mirrors their positioning within the Spanish colonial system. In my view, most of the works of late nineteenth-century letrados—from Manuel Zeno Gandía's naturalist novels to Francisco del Valle Atiles's writings on hygiene and eugenics—feature trauma understood as an unsettling encounter with the materiality of the subaltern body. Trauma was about the subaltern's visibility as inassimilable excess in a colonial society where the "cultured few" used racialist ideologies to erase the memory of their own history of oppression and miscegenation discernible in the body of the subaltern. I read El velorio as a clear instance of how the subaltern's racialized body functions as the site of representational trauma.


The G 0-dichotomy due to Kechris, Solecki and Todorčevi´c characterizes the analytic relations having a Borel-measurable countable coloring. We give a version of the G 0-dichotomy for Σ 0 ξ-measurable countable colorings when ξ ≤ 3. A Σ 0 ξ-measurable countable coloring gives a covering of the diagonal consisting of countably many Σ 0 ξ squares. This leads to the study of countable unions of Σ 0 ξ rectangles. We also give a Hurewicz-like dichotomy for such countable unions when ξ ≤ 2. The first author is very grateful to the second one for that. We would also like to thank Alain Louveau for some nice remarks made in the Descriptive Set Theory Seminar of the University Paris 6. They were useful to simplify our presentation.


Different from the purportedly full records giving the interventions of named participants in direct speech, councils can use other types of protocols that deliberately obscure some of these elements, for instance by neglecting to identify individuals by name, and even by recording only the statements of the presidents and their chief aides, or by omitting pertaining documentation. Papyrological records of civil proceedings from the same period reveal these texts to be conforming to conventional bureaucratic practice and so disprove suspicions of manipulation and unreliability of such protocols. By paying attention to the materiality of conciliar records, a case of missed documentation can be attributed to the effects of unsafe storage, not wilful suppression.


Push-pull magnetic amplifiers using a single core are known for circumventing the problem of core matching, but these amplifiers have the following drawbacks: the extreme reduction of gain with the decrease of input resistance, low output power, etc. These problems can be solved by using two magnetic circuits of a stacked four-legged core structure as twin cores in the full-wave type of self-saturating magnetic amplifier. Experiments show that it is possible to obtain twin cores sufficiently well matched, because each leg is from the same sheet, and to decrease the thermal resistance between the twin cores by the yoke connecting between them. As a result it is evident that the use of a four-legged core can improve the zero drift caused mainly by the change of ambient temperature. With this four-legged core structure, the input magnetomotive force equivalent to the zero drift caused by the change of ambient temperature can be decreased by at least one order of magnitude, as compared with spiral core pairs.


We discuss the complexity of evaluating certain collections of monic multilinear polynomials using operations in {×, +}. The functions we consider, which are defined on paths in directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), represent derivative computations that are based on the chain rule and have direct applications in high-performance scientific computing. Our main results concern functions derived from single-source, single-sink DAGs whose maximal paths all have length three. We derive tight, exact lower bounds for the numbers of multiplications, additions, and total arithmetic operations needed. Moreover, we show that, given such a DAG, an arithmetic circuit (or straight-line program) of minimum size that evaluates J (G) can be constructed in polynomial time. In contrast, we show the (perhaps surprising) result that the problem of finding a circuit of minimum size for a given DAG becomes NP-hard, even for the restricted class of DAGs considered in this paper, when some subset of the arcs may be labeled with the multiplicative identity 1 rather than an indeterminate.


Migration as well as the right to strike often triggers the attention of researchers. This is hardly surprising, as both of them are distinctive and controversial phenomena of the labour market. The aim of this paper is to take the research one step further and explore the interaction between labour migration and the right to strike. In the last decades the labour markets have transformed. The changes have profound effect on not only migrant workers but also on those who stay in their country of origin. Strikes by or against migrants is one the most thought-provoking issues of modern labour law, particularly having in mind currently developing common EU migration policy with the main focus on labour migrations and the right-based approach the Union is trying to implement. This paper will focus on international, regional and national legal framework and case-law regarding migrant workers' right to strike, as well as right to strike of national workers against migrant workers, with particular emphasis on the Hungarian and Croatian law and practice, having in mind the countries' EU membership and participation in the common EU migration policy (especially the recent accession of Croatia to the Union and its obligations to adjust the legislation to the acquis communautaire). The paper will analyse references and consequences of legal pro and contra provisions regarding the right to strike of migrant workers, and identify legal ambiguities which could disadvantage right to strike of various groups of migrant workers, i.e. migrants with different EU residence status and migrants engaged in particularly vulnerable employment sectors. Right to strike of migrant workers has a central role in protection of basic labour rights of migrant workers, which is often jeopardized because of the legal linkage between the right to residence and specific employment relationship.


By seamlessly integrating the wearing comfortability of textiles with the biomechanical energy harvesting function of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), an emerging and advanced intelligent textile, i.e., smart textile TENG, is developed with remarkable abilities of autonomous power supply and self-powered sensing, which has great development prospects in the next-generation human-oriented wearable electronics. However, due to inadequate interface contact, insufficient electrification of materials, unavoidable air breakdown effect, output capacitance feature, and special textile structure, there are still several bottlenecks in the road towards the practical application of textile TENGs, including low output, high impedance, low integration, poor working durability, and so on. In this review, on the basis of mastering the existing theory of electricity generation mechanism of TENGs, some prospective strategies for improving the mechanical-to-electrical conversion performance of textile TENGs are systematically summarized and comprehensively discussed, including surface/interface physical treatments, atomic-scale chemical modification, structural optimization design, work environmental control, and integrated energy management. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach in output enhancement are further compared at the end of this review. It is hoped that this review can not only provide useful guidance for the research of textile TENGs to select optimization methods but also accelerate their large-scale practical process.


Full title: For James or George : A Schoolboys' Tale of 1745. Published by Hodder and Stoughton, London. Page number(s) as given:
not included in pagination


Compatibility studies between active drugs and excipients are substantial in the pharmaceutical technology. Thermal analysis has been extensively used to obtain information about drug-excipient interactions and to perform pre-formulation studies of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the compatibility of the valsartan (VALS) with pharmaceutical excipients of common use including diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants and solubilising agents. Thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), but especially differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for a first screening to find small variations in peak temperature and/or their associated enthalpy for six drug/excipient mixtures (starch, cross caramelose sodique, microcrystalline cellulose 102, povidone K30, lactose monohydrate and magnesium stearate), which indicate some degree of interaction. Additional methods using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) confirmed the incompatibility of VALS with starch, povidone K30, lactose monohydrate and magnesium stearate. Those excipients should be avoided in the development of solid dosage forms.


Queensland is Australia's second largest and the most decentralised state because of the distances, population distribution and cultural differences. Queensland Health has undertaken a project implementing effective disaster response planning by mental health services, which is both consistent and coordinated across the State providing an opportunity to examine the tensions between locally-based and centralised organisation.


1 The role of nitric oxide (NO) derived from constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase (cNOS and iNOS) and its relationship to oxygen‐derived free radicals and prostaglandins (PG) was investigated in a carrageenan‐induced model of acute hindpaw inflammation. 2 The intraplantar injection of carrageenan elicited an inflammatory response that was characterized by a time‐dependent increase in paw oedema, neutrophil infiltration, and increased levels of nitrite/nitrate (NO2−/NO3−) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in the paw exudate. 3 Paw oedema was maximal by 6 h and remained elevated for 10 h following carrageenan administration. The non‐selective cNOS/iNOS inhibitors, NG‐ monomethyl‐L‐arginine (L‐NMMA) and NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME) given intravenously (30–300 mg kg−1) 1 h before or after carrageenan administration, inhibited paw oedema at all time points. 4 The selective iNOS inhibitors, N‐iminoethyl‐L‐lysine (L‐NIL) or aminoguanidine (AG), failed to inhibit carrageenan‐induced paw oedema during the first 4 h following carrageenan administration, but inhibited paw oedema at subsequent time points (from 5–10 h). iNOS mRNA was detected between 3 to 10 h following carrageenan administration using ribonuclease protection assays. iNOS protein was first detected 6 h and was maximal 10 h following carrageenan administration as shown by Western blot analysis. Administration of the iNOS inhibitors 5 h after carrageenan (a time point where iNOS was expressed) inhibited paw oedema at all subsequent time points. Infiltrating neutrophils were not the source of iNOS since pretreatment with colchicine (2 mg kg−1) suppressed neutrophil infiltration, but did not inhibit the iNOS mRNA expression or the elevated NO2−/NO3− levels in the paw exudate. 5 Inhibition of paw oedema by the NOS inhibitors was associated with attenuation of both the NO2−/NO3− and PGE2 levels in the paw exudate. These inhibitors also reduced the neutrophil infiltration at the site of inflammation. 6 Recombinant human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase coupled to polyethyleneglycol (PEGrhSOD;12 × 103 u kg−1), administered intravenously either 30 min prior to or 1 h after carrageenan injection, inhibited paw oedema and neutrophil infiltration, but had no effect on NO2−/NO3− or PGE2 production in the paw exudate. The administration of catalase (40 × 103 u kg−1), given intraperitoneally 30 min before carrageenan administration, had no effect on paw oedema. Treatment with desferrioxamine (300 mg kg−1), given subcutaneously 1 h before carrageenan, inhibited paw oedema during the first 2 h after carrageenan administration, but not at later times. 7 These results suggest that the NO produced by cNOS is involved in the development of inflammation at early time points following carrageenan administration and that NO produced by iNOS is involved in the maintenance of the inflammatory response at later time points. The potential interactions of NO with superoxide anion and PG is discussed.


The objectives of the GOPEX experiment were to demonstrate laser beam transmission to a deep space spacecraft, to verify beam pointing strategies based on predicts, and to validate optical link performance models.


Music is full of unique attributes, especially concerning auditory perceptions. Amplitude elements, frequency and duration cannot be discerned yet as music to human ears. Before those three elements processed by human brains interpretation so that they became timbre pitch dynamics and tempo. In the process of music interpretation in the fields of musicology, there is also the term "emotion" that's often used. Every music listener have their own segments, their own preference, depending on the emotion and the character of the listener. At 1989, Robert E. Thayer proposed a two dimensional model of the mood and emotion (of the music) through his research. The aforementioned model is hoped to be able to used as a reference in terms of sorting music based by their mood. The objective of this research is the classification of music samples by using their audio features through the usage of Fuzzy KNN method. There will be four mood categories used at this research, namely Anger, Happy, Calm and Sad. Extraction of "energy", 'tonality" and "tempo" will be done using the library of Matlab MIRToolbox. Aforementioned "MIRToolbox" is a library collection, excelled in the processing of unique attributes in music, in the perspective of Music Information Retrieval. Generally the classification results of audio features used in the aforementioned software, is satisfactory, as long as the K parameter is correct. Fuzzy system is added in order to count the membership degree of the samples.


Background/Objectives: High-risk Hodgkin lymphoma (HRHL) in children is a curable with combined modality therapy. The AHOPCA is a consortium of cancer centers from Central America. In 2004, AHOPCA implemented a guideline with a short course of chemotherapy (mStanfordV), strict diagnostics and radiation guidelines, aimed at reducing abandonment and improving outcomes. Methods: Newly diagnosed children less than 18 years of age with high-risk HL (Ann Arbor stages: IIB, IIIB, IV) from AHOPCA centers were staged with chest X-ray, and ultrasound or CT. Therapy was a modified StanfordV (mStanfordV) substituting cyclophosphamide for mechlorethamine and involved field radiation. Results: Of 219 patients with HRHL, 181 patients were eligible and evaluable;146 (81%) were boys, 22% being less than 6 years; 43 were stage IIB, 84 IIIB and 54 IV. Thirty-one (17%) abandoned therapy, 28 (15%) progressed, 30 (17%) relapsed and 8 (4%) died of toxicity. Radiation guidelines were not followed. Five-year abandonment-sensitive event-free survival and overall survival (AS-EFS, AS-OS ± SE) for the cohort were 46 ± 4% and 56 ± 4%; 5-year AS-OS for stages IIB, IIIB and IV was 76 ± 7%, 59 ± 7%, and 35 ± 7% (p=0.0006). Conclusion: Despite instituting a short treatment guideline, it did not improve the abandonment rate (17%) and did not achieve the reported outcomes of StanfordV. The cyclophosphamide dose used to replace merchlorethamine was inadequate. Despite strict guidelines, the radiation therapy application was inaccuarate. Weekly chemotherapy may have adversely affected abandonment of therapy by increasing the burden of travel-time. Based on these results, AHOPCA established a new abandonment strategy and a new guideline.


3 Abstract: The authors study the basic aspects of the formation of the regional labor market. The specificity of labor demand and supply. Analyzed the underlying factors of the labor management at the regional level. Particular attention is given to the youth sector of the labor market in the region.


We have built a small proportional tube air shower array on the surface above the Soudan 2 proton decay detector in Soudan, Minnesota, USA. This array, in coincidence with the underground detector, allows simultaneous surface and underground observations of high energy cosmic ray showers. These observations, still in their initial stages, may eventually be able to provide information about the composition of cosmic ray primaries in the knee'' region of the energy spectrum. 4 refs.


In this paper, we consider the long time existence and uniqueness of solutions to the MHD boundary layer equations with small perturbed analytic initial data around some special solutions in two dimensional spatial variables. Here, the initial data is required to be real-analytic with respect to tangential variable $x$ and belongs to a weighted $L^2$ Sobolev space with respect to normal variable $y$. It is proven that if the initial data is a small perturbation around the given special solutions with the size of $\varepsilon$, then the MHD boundary layer equations admit a unique solution with the lifespan being larger than $\varepsilon^{-2+\delta_0}$, where $\delta_0$ can be an arbitrary small positive constant. It is noted that the strength of the special background solutions are not necessarily small. And the proof depends on the uniform energy estimates in analytic settings.


In his paper [6] S. Tanno proved that for any positive number $\delta$ the $\delta-$ neighbourhood of a continuous oval of constant width contains a -oval of the same constant width. The purpose of this note is to show that this approximation can be assumed to be real analytic. Furthermore Tanno's proof can be simplified essentially by using results on ovals of constant width in the plane which have been presented by P. C. Hammer and A. Sobczyk in [4] and [5]. In these papers Hammer and Sobczyk gave the following description of plane convex curves of constant width: Let $P:R\rightarrow R$ be a continuous periodic function with period $ 2\pi$ such that $p(r+\pi)=-p(t)$ for all $t\in R$ . Suppose that


A typical cache accesses a block, then returns a selected word. In a pack computer design, the cache accesses and returns a block to the computer. The computer selects the word from the block and also retains blocks for reuse. The retained blocks constitute a software cache.Separate block wide caches for instructions, read data, and write data provide enough bandwidth for several pack computers to execute several instructions per cache cycle time.The concept of a pack (bundle of information) is used to bridge part of the conceptual gap between blocks and high level languages.The pack computer design has parallel issue of instructions and has vector operations.


The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of temperature and relative humidity on spring durum wheat cultivar CIRNO C2008 as recorded by dataloggers (DL) installed within the crop in five commercial fields in southern, Sonora, Mexico, during the crop season fall-winter 2021-2022. The minimum (MINTT) (≤ 4 °C) and maximum thermal threshold (MAXTT) levels (≥ 33 °C), relative humidity (RH) (≥ 90%), and cold units (CU) (≤ 10 °C), were compared between DL and weather stations (WS) closest to the sensors. DL recorded greater number of MINTT periods from February 03 and MAXTT from March 14, and the MINTT periods were longer than those recorded by WS. With regard to the MAXTT, DL recorded 5 periods in fields located in block (B) 703 and Mocorua, two in B-2036, and one in B-2324. The main period of MINTT detected by WS was March 09 to 10. These WS did not record any continuous periods of MAXTT. The total accumulation of CU quantified in the fields with DL and with WS were: B-2036/B-1936 = 846 and 566, B-2324/B-2328 = 851 and 718, B-2814/B-2918 = 870 and 773, Mocorua/Sahuaral = 885 and 696, and B-703/B-609 = 955 and 743, respectively. DL recorded an average of 182 (21.6%) more CU than WS. DL began the recording of cold units from December 7 while WS from December 18. The daily accumulation of continuous hours with > 90% RH, had a significant difference between WS and DL. The WS in B-2918 recorded 277 more hours than the DL in B-2814, and the WS located in Sahuaral recorded 138 more hours than the DL in Morocua. However, DL in B-2036, B-703, and B-2324, recorded 539, 375, and 73 more hours with > 90% than their respective WS.


Quasicrystal is a range between the crystal and amorphous solid.Divided into onedimensional,two-dimensional,three-dimensional quasicrystals in accordance with the classification of its quasi-periodic dimension,they have the mechanical properties,electrical properties and magnetic properties.Taking advantage of its excellent performance characteristics,quasicrystals are mainly applied to the surface modification of materials and structural materials reinforced phase.Moreover,this paper fully illustrates the basic research prospect of quasicrystals,which are chiefly on its atomic structure determination,forming factors,prediction of composition,elemental groups seeking,the effective control of the physical properties,etc.It also explains its application prospects,which are mainly on the film's grasp of the technology,micro-nano research,and other aspects.


Abstract The UIC railway braking system is a complex pneumatic plant whose performance and reliability are safety relevant. The plant is controlled by the transmission of pneumatic signals; different train compositions involve large parametric variations of plant response. The problem is critical for long freight trains where the delayed plant response involves heavy longitudinal forces between vehicles. Even for simple compositions of 10—15 vehicles, the number of components involved in the plant response is quite high. The distributor valve, a complex pneumo-mechanic device, is devoted to control the brake response on every vehicle and it is perhaps the most difficult component to be simulated. Authors have developed simulation models of the pneumatic plant of the UIC railway brake including libraries of pneumatic submodels that can be parametrically calibrated in order to reproduce different train compositions. In this work, a case study concerning the simulation of a convoy composed by the SAADKMS freight wagon is presented. Simulation results are compared with experimental data kindly supplied by Trenitalia SPA. Model formulation and calibration procedures are shown in order to explain the followed workflow.


A 155Mbps QAM demodulator is designed for digital millimeter-wave communication.A novel parameter named signal resource quantity(SRQ) incorporating peak and average power ratio,demodulation threshold and bandwidth was introduced to find out the best order of QAM for high-speed millimeter-wave communication.The 4~64QAMs win in 4~1024QAMs according to their SRQs.How gain deviation of AGC and carrier leakage affect the demodulation performance were studied.A zero-jitter timing recovery detector was implemented by the theories of pre-filtering Nyquist raised sine signal with small roll-off factor.An improved PFD carrier recovery algorithm with adaptive power threshold was proposed to avoid wrongly capturing constellation points in the case of high-order QAM.The design has been applied to a millimeter-wave link successfully,and the algorithms work robustly.The demodulation loss was less than 2dB when the BER was equal to 1E-8.


Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare hereditary condition characterized by a slow, progressive increase in the gingival tissue. A case of HGF was reported and relevant literature of HGF were reviewed.


Objective:Evaluate the immunogenicity of an recombinant fowl-pox virus rFPV-3C-P1-2A-IL-18.Methods:Mice were inoculated with the recombinant FPV(rFPV) rFPV-3C-P1-2A-IL-18,rFPV-P1-2A-3C vaccines,282E4 FPV and PBS was set as the control groups.The FMDV specific antibody,number of T subtype,cytotoxicity of special CTL were detected.Results:Compared with other control groups,the mice inoculated with rFPV-3C- P1-2A-IL-18,rFPV-P1-2A-3C vaccines were induced higher anti-FMDV antibody titer,alarger number of T subtype,and higher cytotoxicity of special CTL.Compared with rFPV-P1-2A-3C vaccine,rFPV-3C-P1-2A-IL-18 can induce larger number of T subtype and higher cytotoxicity of special CTL.Conclusion:It is evident that the recombinant fowl-pox virus rFPV-3C- P1-2A-IL-18 show excellent immunogenicity in mice,thus provide valuable support for further development of FMDV genetic engineering vaccines.


Aggressors, particularly botnet controllers, use stealthy briefing systems to set up sweeping scale summon and control. To proficiently appreciate the potential limit of aggressors, they have investigated the likelihood of using territory name organization (DNS) as a stealthy botnet charge and-control channel. They have depicted and quantitatively research a few systems that could be used to enough conceal pernicious DNS practices at the framework level. Their trial evaluation makes usage of two-month-long 4.6-GB grounds framework data set and 1 million domain names got from alexa.com. They have contemplated that the DNSbased stealthy request and-control redirect particularly, the code word mode could be very skilled for assaulters, exhibiting the prerequisite for further research by shields in this course. The true dismemberment of DNS payload as a countermeasure has sensible hindrances limiting its gigantic scale sending. They have could recognize it right after the strike has been made. In the proposed model instead of uncovering the malicious DNS after attack has happened, we are situated to propose a Botnet accompanying gadget which screens the DNS activities while making bot chain itself. Stealthy message correspondence will be accompanied and finally when the bot expert tries to ambush any secured database the BTT will isolate the Bot structure orchestrate and shields the secured database. It encounters live distinguishment and adoptable taking in framework for further strike.


This study investigates the relationship between the characteristics of healthy nutrition and other lifestyle factors and state of health in youth. A total of 330 men of 10 to 25 years of age with light, moderate and high level of physical activity were involved in this cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was used as a method of data collection. The positive dietary factors were scored on the basis of a self-reported food frequency questionnaire about the past month consumption of foods. In the univariate analysis age, physical activity and smoking was proven to be in relationship with dietary habits, while body mass index or self-rated health not. The health behaviour of sportsmen showed different picture indicating that active sport is not unequivocally resulted in healthier dietary habits.


As a micro economy,Macao has achieved the economic leaps in the past decades and has become the one of the fastest growing economic region in the world,all of which was inseparable from the gaming tourism development.However,the tourism industry itself is vulnerable.As the leader of Macao's tourism even of the Macao ' s economy,due to its own characteristics,gaming tourism is prone to be affected by external economic environment and results in a series of social and economic problems.Always is that gaming tourism dominates alone Macao' s economy a latent trouble,which gets increasingly attention in recent years.The current relevant researches focused mainly on the diversified economy,not much on the diversification of Macao's tourism.This paper selected cultural tourism as a breakthrough,to explore how to make use of the good congenital conditions of Macao's gaming tourism to promote the development of cultural tourism in different ways,and to make gaming tourism and cultural tourism become the wings of Macao's tourism industry,which realize the transition of Macao' s tourism industry even Macao' s economy and the sustainable and healthy development This paper believed that due to the particularity of gaming tourism,it was obviously sensitive to environmental change,thus that economic depended excessively on the gaming tourism was unfavorable to the long-term development of Macao.Therefore,we must change the situation,that gaming tourism dominates alone Macao' s economy,with the foundation of Macao historical and cultural city and world cultural heritage,advance the development of the cultural tourism with gaming tourism,distinguish from other gaming cities and cultural tourism regions,form the core competitiveness of Macao,make gaming tourism and cultural tourism become Macao's tourism wings and take off together,lay the foundation for the sustainable development of Macao's tourism industry.This paper found that the single structure of Macao' s tourism triggered a series of problems.First,it was vulnerable to fluctuations in external political and economic environment.For example,the world financial crisis and China's anti-corruption storm both had dramatic attack on Macao' s gaming tourism.Second,the gaming tourism had high social costs,which was likely to cause a series of social problems such as theft,robbery,imprisonment,suicide,homicide and pathological gamblers.Third,the gaming tourism resulted in abnormal structure of employment and social differentiation.For instance,many young people would like to more engage in the gaming industry rather than to continue their education,resulting in overall low quality of human resources.This paper used SWOT method to analyses the conditions for the development of cultural tourism in Macao.To be the cultural crossroads of East and West and the world cultural heritage was Macao' s advantage,furthermore,cultural tourism was more suitable for the situation of Macao than exhibition tourism.That Macao' s cultural resources was not famous enough and hasn' t been fully excavated or propagated was its disadvantage.Thus,the opportunity for Macao lay in the consensus on developing cultural tourism,and on that gaming industry could provide a rich source for cultural tourism.The threat to Macao lay in that rich and diverse cultural tourism resources in mainland of China might generate competitive pressures on Macao' s Cultural tourism.This paper also examined the experiences and lessons of transition of tourism industry of other world-famous gaming cities.Among them,the Las Vegas and Monte Carlo were more successful in terms of transiting than others,and conversely,Atlantic City became decayed because there was no timely transiting.Las Vegas' success included scenic linkage,theme hotel,shopping and entertainment,the development of marriage industry and exhibition industry.Monte Carlo's success came from that the gaming advanced vacation industry and yacht industry,and that the large-scale festival activities were hosted.Based on above research,we drew the suggestion for relevant policy,like developing Macao' s " gaming culture" tourism,establishing "Macao promote cultural tourism fund",building a diversified complementary line,encouraging gaming companies to expand the business scope to cultural tourism,propagating vigorously cultural tourism image of Macao led by Macao' s government,promoting the Macao gaming tourism and oultural tourism internationalization,changing the single structure of tourist source.


The multi-layer piezoelectric element (1) comprising: a multilayer ceramic body (10) having a stacked structure in which piezoelectric layers (11) composed of a piezoelectric material and a plurality of internal electrode layers (21, 22) are formed with an electrical conductivity, alternately in a first direction are stacked, and a pair of outer electrodes (33) arranged in the first direction on a pair of electrode connecting surfaces (101) at outer peripheral surfaces (103) of the multilayer ceramic body (10) so that the external electrodes (33) alternately with the plurality of internal electrode layers (21, 22) are electrically connected, each outer electrode (33): a fixed part (331) which is electrically connected to the corresponding electrode connection surface by a bonding material (32) contacted with an electrical conductivity, wherein the connecting material (32) has a width in a second direction which is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the electrode joint surfaces (101), which is smaller than a width in the second direction of the outer electrode (33), a free part (332) having a plurality of openings which are formed in a mesh structure (330) that is not in contact with the bonding material (32) and is extensible in the first direction, and a rigid portion (333) that has no openings and not in contact with the bonding material (32), wherein a total cross-sectional area of the rigid portion (333) which is parallel to the second direction perpendicular to the first direction and always greater than a total cross-sectional area which is perpendicular to the first direction and is parallel to the second direction, both of the free part (332) and the fixed part (331) is, each outer electrode (33) zumindest a section has, in the fixed part (331), the free portion (332) and the rigid part (333) along the second direction eingeordnet are the Gesamtschnittflache the free portion (332) is greater than zero in the second direction, and the rigid part (333) a relationship, in the maximum drive current is Im / Sr


Some of the most successful companies in Indonesia come from Family Companies that can reach 3 generations. The organizational culture in the family company is largely determined by the mindset of the family company actors. Besides, many family companies cannot articulate their core values (Family Values) into values that can be applied to business, which must be exemplified by company Leaders. This study aims to examine the concepts of Mindset, Family Value, and Leadership in Organizational Culture. The object of this study is a family company which is engaged in building materials business. The population in this study was all employees at building material companies in Surabaya, with a sample of 30 building material company owners as respondents. The analysis technique used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS). Based on the study results, it shows that (1) mindset has a significant effect on the organizational culture of the building material family company. (2) Leadership has a significant effect on the organizational culture of the building material family company. (3) Family values have a significant effect on the organizational culture of the building material family company in Surabaya.


Arithmetic and algebra are central parts of the National Curriculum throughout the British Isles. In both of these there is a known and disconcerting level of failure, in algebra even more than in arithmetic. Why does this failure occur? Or, to look at the more positive side of the coin, why are some fortunate souls able to do these parts of mathematics almost without effort. By the conservation of energy, if there is no effort, there can be no work done. So, by implication, there must be some other source of energy within the more able that drives their success. Research performed recently at Warwick (Thomas 1988, Gray 1991a, Gray 1991b, Tall & Thomas 1991, Gray & Tall, 1991) reveals that there is indeed a qualitative difference between the thinking processes of those who succeed and those who fail, a difference that makes the mathematics easier for the more able and harder for the less able, exacerbating the chasm between them. The more able develop a way of thinking that fires an inner engine with a feed-back loop creating new knowledge from old, the less able seek solace in being able to carry out procedures that may be successful in the short term but are likely to lead to long-term failure.


Huang et al 1 provide an analysis of recent phase II/III studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) for anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) therapies suggesting that the amyloid hypothesis should no longer be used in AD therapeutics. Using published data, they identified 16 randomized controlled trials (equally distributed between phase I and III) for nine distinct Aβ therapies including 11 423 participants. Then they aggregated both clinical and safety data (not equally across both outcome measures) to demonstrate a lack of clinical benefit and a significantly increased odds of adverse events related to Aβ-specific therapies (mostly immunotherapies). The conclusions from these analyses, that Aβ therapies are not effective, are not surprising. However, there are limitations to consider before concluding that Aβ is no longer an important therapeutic target in AD. Specifically, it is critical to assess whether these trials failed because Aβ is the wrong target or whether they were the result of too little, too late. First, because the analyses covered phases I to III, there is a risk of conflating the outcomes as the same, when in fact the intent, design, and outcomes are different. For instance, given the need to optimize dosing in early phase studies, there is a risk of greater adverse events. Nonetheless, this analysis rightly identifies an increased risk of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIAs) identified with Aβ immunotherapies. Yet ARIA was also one of the first reliable indicators of actual target engagement (ie, antiAβ) for these therapies, allowing for the actual testing of whether removal of Aβ will have disease-modifying effects. Much like in oncology where toxicity is common, the discovery of ARIA allowed for an alteration in the dosing of Aβ immunotherapy to decrease the likelihood of this event while maximizing target engagement. Unfortunately, most of the phase III studies highlighted by Huang et al never actually demonstrated appropriate target engagement (from cerebrospinal fluid, amyloid positron emission tomography, or the presence of ARIA). The result is whether these trials may have suffered from too little as they relate to target engagement. The other important limitation in the position of the authors is that the studies they analyzed were nearly exclusively from populations with established dementia. Aβ pathology develops years before symptoms, yet no trials targeting Aβ before symptom onset have been concluded. Therefore, whether targeting Aβ can have a prevention effect has not yet been adequately studied, leaving open the question of too late. A number of studies are underway that are targeting Aβ in the asymptomatic phase of the disease, using therapies that have demonstrated appropriate target engagement. In summary, Huang et al provide an easy-to-reference summary of efficacy and safety data from recent trials using Aβ-specific therapies. However, the results of these trials, although negative in their outcomes, have yet to test appropriately the effect of lowering Aβ pathology across the disease spectrum. Until current trials testing Aβ immunotherapies have completed (or been stopped because of safety), strong justification remains to consider Aβ therapies in the armamentarium to fight AD.


Recognizing which phenotypic traits are predictors for habitat choice can have important implications for understanding population dynamics. This study determined whether body size, sex, activity level, or origin habitat affected the preference of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, in selecting either a marsh or open mudflat, two habitats differing in risk level and food availability. Combining field and laboratory experiments, this study indicated a significant difference in body size and activity level of crabs between habitats. Further investigation of phenotypic dependency on habitat preference resulted in interactions between origin habitat and carapace width and activity level. When split by origin habitat, habitat preference for the open mudflat was predicted by body size for crabs originating from the open mudflat and by activity level for the crabs originating from the Spartina marsh. These results suggest that, for U. pugilator, body size plays a large role in the preference for exposed habitat.


Purpose: To demonstrate a deformable registration algorithm to reduce cardiac and respiratory motion artifacts in planar dual energy (DE) subtraction images obtained using a clinical on‐board imaging (OBI) system. Methods: A Demons‐based deformable registration algorithm was developed to reduce motion artifacts between sequential planar x‐ray images obtained on the OBI. The algorithm was applied to paired (120 kVp and 60 kVp) chest x‐rays, deforming the low energy image to the high energy image. To test the algorithm, a total of 20‐paired scans were obtained from 6 lungcancer patients. All images were obtained using respiratory gating (RPM, Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA). In order to quantify the reduction in image artifacts, homologous landmarks were chosen using soft‐tissue features on both sets of images. Landmarks were placed throughout the images to examine both cardiac and respiratory motion. The root‐mean‐square (RMS) difference between the individual points was calculated both before and after application of deformable registration. Results: A total of 160 landmarks were evaluated. Measurement of the RMS distances between the landmarks in the high and low energy deformed images showed improvement in all sectors. For points with 2 mm RMS difference, the corresponding reduction was 64%. Qualitatively, DE images produced using Demons deformation showed fewer artifacts, and more defined tumor edges. Conclusions: The Demons algorithm reduced motion artifacts across all DE planar images. The greatest improvements were observed in regions near the diaphragm and the heart. In particular, artifacts due to cardiac motion showed the most improvement as these are not taken into account when performing respiratory gating. The iterative, matrix‐based algorithm would greatly benefit from integration of GPU parallel‐processing and will be implemented in future investigations. Supported by a grant from Varian Medical Systems.


Flow experience is a state of optimal motivation. The basic precondition for flow experience is that activity-related incentives fit one's implicit motives. In addition, people with high motive congruence engage more frequently in activities with fitting activity-related incentives than people with low motive congruence. A possible antecedent of motive congruence may be self-determination. We conducted three studies. Study 1 shows that the arousal of the implicit achievement motive through achievement incentives increases flow experience in climbers. Study 2 shows that achievement motive congruence is associated with flow experience if climbers perceive strong achievement incentives. Study 3 shows that the experience of self-determination in childhood is associated with motive congruence later in life. The findings support the compensatory model of motivation and volition and the idea that self-determination fosters motive congruence.


For approximately the past two decades, a large and growing body of both academic and grey literature from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) or international agencies has looked at issues of gender and of natural resources (or, more broadly, the environment) and the role they play in both conflict and peacebuilding. The discussions have, on the resources side, included debates on greed or grievance and on the gender side, a highlighting of the special needs and vulnerabilities of women and girls.


Houston-In patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH), once-daily treatment with fixed-combination latanoprost/timolol (Xalacom, Pharmacia, Peapack, NJ) is well tolerated and lowers IOP more effectively than twice-daily dorzolamide/timolol (Cosopt, Merck), according to a recent multicenter U.S. study.


One Sentence Summary: The Sistine Chapel frescoes contain the encoded facial image of the Man of the Shroud of Turin, the traditional burial cloth of Jesus Christ. Abstract: The Last Judgment fresco and a portion of the Ceiling fresco by Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel contain the encoded, and "hidden in plain view", image of the face of the Man of the Shroud of Turin, the traditional burial cloth of Jesus Christ. Using preferred forensic methodologies for facial review and identification, this conclusion is based on distinctive pattern recognition, the determination of individual characteristics, and a superimposed progressive overlay comparison of both images. It is also concluded, based on forensic circumstantial, documentary and physical evidence, and coupled with logic and reason, that Michelangelo unknowingly painted the encoded image within the Sistine Chapel. However, exactly how it was done remains unknown.


Using general arguments and without numerical calculations, we present three complementary "proofs" that the extent of overshooting (OV) outside a convective region is decreased by a gradient of the mean molecular weight.


The long‐ and short‐term drivers and transport mechanisms of lunar rockfalls are currently not well understood, but could provide valuable information about the geologic processes that still shape the surface of the Moon today. Here, we compare the global distribution of rockfalls with relevant geophysical data, such as seismic, topographic, thermal, gravity anomaly, and tidal displacement data sets. Rockfalls appear to predominantly occur (a) on equator‐facing slopes and thus in regions with large thermal amplitudes, (b) on slope angles well above‐average (Δ ∼ 10°), and (c) in regions with above‐average rock abundance. We do not observe a qualitatively or statistically relevant relation between rockfall abundance, monitored Apollo‐era shallow seismic activity, and the distribution of visible tectogenetic features. Informed by our global analysis, we conduct a targeted, in‐depth study of 687 rockfall boulders and trajectories in 13 sites across the Moon, including 7 craters, 2 volcanic vents, 2 tectonic structures, and 2 unclassified geomorphic regions. We identify four different source region types, where the type appears to control the occurrence of rockfalls. The source region type in turn is controlled by surface age rather than geomorphic context. We find that rockfall trajectories are mainly controlled by the trigger energy and the geometry of the slope. Our results suggest that erratic small‐scale impacts (mainly in old, Imbrian‐Nectarian, shallow terranes), aided by solar‐induced thermal fatigue of fractured bedrock (mainly in young, Copernican‐Eratosthenian steep terranes), were the dominant, global‐scale long‐ and short‐term drivers of rockfalls in the Moon's recent geologic past.


An XML structural join evaluates structural relationships (e.g. parent-child or ancestor-descendant) between XML elements. It serves as an important computation unit in XML pattern matching. Several classical structural join algorithms have been proposed such as Stack-tree join and XR-Tree join. In this paper, we consider to answer the problem of structural join by partitioning. The Dietz numbering scheme is used for encoding since nodes with the Dietz encodings could be well distributed on a plane. We first extend the relationships between nodes to the relationships between partitions on a plane and obtain some observations and properties about the relationships between partitions. We then propose a new partition-based method, named P-Join for structural join between ancestor and descendant nodes based on the properties derived from our observations. Moreover, we present an enhanced partitioned-based structural join algorithm and two optimised methods. Extensive experiments show that the performance of our proposed algorithms outperform that of Stack-tree and XR-Tree algorithms. In order to store the partitioning results, we design a simple but efficient index structure, called PSS-tree. The experimental result shows that it has less maintenance overhead than XR-Tree.


Recently, the remote sensing data is widely used for the extraction of water body from the satellite images. The accuracy assessment of the extracted water features from the satellite images is highly correlated with the real time data. Spatiotemporal changes in nagarjunasagar reservoir, located in India in a period of 2014 to 2019 time series and analysis using multi temporal Landsat-8 (OLI) images. Unsupervised classification (Isodata) and spectral water indexing methods, including NDVI, NDWI, MNDWI and AWEI were evaluated for surface water body extraction and change detection. The overall accuracy and kappa coefficients were evaluated for water indexing methods. The statistical parameters of the accuracy results show that AWEI achieved 96.26% overall accuracy, 0.94 kappa coefficient and MNDWI achieved 96.94% overall accuracy, 0.95 kappa coefficient. The AWEI and MNDWI water indexes performed better results as compared to other water indexing methods.


The invention provides a preparation method of a high energy-saving type modified environment-friendly phenolic fireproof insulation board. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing and evenly stirring leftover and waste materials of the phenolic resin fireproof insulation board, waste rubber powder, expandable phenolic resin, modifying agents, a surface active agent and a foaming agent; then, adding a composite curing agent into the mixture, stirring the mixture and the agent, and pouring the obtained mixture into a mould to obtain the phenolic resin fireproof insulation board. By adopting the double modifying agents, the method can alleviate environment pollution caused by the waste rubber and the leftover and waste materials of the phenolic resin fireproof insulation board, reduce energy consumed by the preparation of the phenolic resin fireproof insulation board, improve the strength and the toughness of the phenolic insulation board, reduce the brittleness of the phenolic insulation board and lower the industrial cost, is beneficial to improving economic benefits, and meets the construction demand of a building outer wall (specifically an outer wall insulation system).


With the aid of scanning electron microscope and paraffin section, the morphology, structure and development of floral nectary in \%Thymus quinquecostatus \%Celak. were investigated. The floral nectary of \%Thymus quinquecostatus \%is on the disc at the base of ovary. It belongs to discous nectary. The nectary is composed of secretory epidermis and nectariferous tissue. The cuticle membrane on secretory epidermis is comparatively thicker and many stoma apparatuses scatter in the epidermis. The stoma apparatus rises high on the surface of floral nectary. The nectariferous tissue is of several layers of cells. There are vascular bundles in the middle part of disc. Between nectariferous tissue and the vascular bundles exist big parenchyma of about 4 to 5 layers of cells. The nectary initiates from the superficial layer cells of the disc. During the development of nectary, the vacuoles, starch grains and protein of cells change regularly. Pre\|nectar is provided by the vascular bundles of the disc. Nectar formed in nectariferous tissue is secreted by the stomata.


Paul traps are ion traps that are widely used in spectroscopic experiments to confine and stabilize a charged particle within a small region using oscillating electric fields. The dynamics of the particle inside a Paul trap is described by Mathieu equations. It has been proposed that such traps can be used to detect the effects produced by spontaneous collapse of the associated wavefunction, as described by the model of CSL (Continuous Spontaneous Localization). This model is a non-linear, stochastic and non-relativistic modification to the Schr\"{o}dinger equation which predicts an additional random motion of particles other than environmental effects. In this paper, we discuss the possibility that such a random motion can throw a particle out of its stable configuration within the Paul trap. We study the changes in the stability diagram of a Paul trap in the presence of CSL. We also constrain the CSL parameter space by assuming the fact that the stability diagram is not significantly altered. The bounds thus obtained are weaker than those coming from X-ray emission from Ge slab.


ABSTRACT This paper seeks to better understand how community colleges in Florida planned to implement a new sweeping state policy pertaining to developmental education. Via a cluster analysis, we identify three distinct patterns in the ways in which the colleges responded to the policy: reformers, responders, and resisters. Further, we find that these patterns are related to the extent to which individual colleges had previously enacted campus-based developmental education reform measures, the magnitude of students previously enrolled in developmental education, and the colleges' perceptions of the effectiveness of the policy.


A quantitative study of some structural irregularities of polyethylenes by an improved proton magnetic resonance method is reported. The background noise of a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer can be remarkably eliminated with the aid of the Mnemotron Computer of Average Transients. The total numbers of methyl groups in polyethylenes were estimated by this method using 5% solutions of the polymer in tetrachloroethylene. Spectra were obtained at about 110°C in order to suppress the thermal degradation of the polymer. The results agree well with those estimated by an infrared compensating method. Information about the species of branches and, in some cases, the number-average molecular weight of the polymer can be obtained by examining the resonance shape of methyl groups. The chemical shift difference between the triplet due to ethyl branches and that due to the other longer branches was found to be less than 0.05 p.p.m. This method can also be applied to the detection of unsaturations in polyethylen...


Self-esteem is an important component of psychological health, schizophrenicpatient have low selfesteem and deficit in assertive behavior, sothis study aimed atdetermine the level of self-esteem and assertive behavior among schizophrenic patients. Research question: Is there relationship between self-esteem and schizophrenia, is there relationship between self-esteem and assertiveness behavior among schizophrenic patients. Descriptive research design was utilized to conduct the aim of the study. Study subjects: A convenience sample of 100 patients was included in the study. Three tools were used Interview questionnaire to assess sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patient, Rosenberg Self – Esteem Scale developed to assess patient's self-esteem, Rathus Assertiveness Schedule was developed for measuring assertive behavior. The result of the study showed that majority of participants were male patient and more than half of studied patients were single and had secondary school ,the result of the study showed thatmore than three quarter of participants had moderate level of self-esteemwhile about nearly half of the participants had unassertive behavior. there were no statistically significant relation between self-esteem and assertiveness behavior and sciodemographic and clinical characteristics Also the study showed that there was statistically significant negative correlation between self-esteem and assertiveness among Schizophrenic Patients. Conclusion: there was moderate level of self-esteem and assertivebehavior among schizophrenic patients. The study recommended that developing social skill training to schizophrenic patients to improve self-esteem and assertive behavior.


As an important application form of immersive multimedia services, free-viewpoint video (FVV) enables users with great immersive experience by strong interaction. However, the computational complexity of virtual view synthesis algorithms poses a significant challenge to the real-time performance of an FVV system. Furthermore, the individuality of user interaction makes it difficult to serve multiple users simultaneously for a system with conventional architecture. In this paper, we novelly introduce a CNN-based view interpolation algorithm to synthesis dense virtual views in real time. Based on this, we also build an end-to-end live free-viewpoint system with a multi-user oriented streaming strategy. Our system can utilize a single edge server to serve multiple users at the same time without having to bring a large view synthesis load on the client side. We analyze the whole system and show that our approaches give the user a pleasant immersive experience, in terms of both visual quality and latency.


From 1996 to 2002 the monthly litterfall in the Montseny Quercus suber forest (NE Iberian Peninsula) was recorded and its relationship with meteorological variables was statistically analysed. The average annual production was 477 g m-2, similar to that found in other Mediterranean evergreen forests relatively high rainfall. The main components are the leaves, representing 55% of the total, followed by acorns (22%) and twigs (16%). Litterfall production is highest during May and June, when the majority of the old leaves fall. When the climate conditions are favourable, a second leaf fall collection has been observed. Acorn production in 2001 was about nine times that of the previous years and can therefore be considered a mast year. Interannual covariation was significant for leaves/twigs and leaves/catkins. The strongest correlation is of rainfall precipitation with twig litterfall. Also a significant effect has been detected between temperature and leaf litterfall; the years with highest leaf litterfall were the hottest.