An experimental study was carried out on vortices issued from a thin symmetrical airfoil with angle of attack under rotational oscillation of small amplitude. The experiments were conducted in a hydraulic flume using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) and ensemble averaging technique to map the unsteady velocity field about the vortex generating region. From this study, transitional characteristics of vortices issued from a body which creasts asymmetric flow field became clear. Especially, the reducing mechanism of circulation due to different flow characteristics between the upper and lower vortices became clear from investigation of time variation of the vorticity and shear velocity distributions.


When a ship sailing at low speed passes a moored ship with a drift angle due to wind effect, the flow field around the ships is very different to the flow field without a drift angle and will cause larger hydrodynamic forces on the moored ship, compared with those without a drift angle. In this paper, a flow model in XBeach is applied to study the effects of a passing ship at low speed with various drift angles on the moored ship. This method is based on the non-hydrostatic shallow water equations. Simulations are carried out for a 12500 TEU container ship passing a moored Panamax ship by using XBeach. The water level depression, return current and hydrodynamic forces on the moored ship are obtained and compared with the measurement data. Then the results at positive and negative drift angles are compared with the results at zero drift angle, respectively. The influence of the drift angle on the passing ship effects is analyzed and the most serious situation for the moored ship, when the passing ship has different drift angles, is indicated. Finally, conclusions concerning the effects of a passing ship with a drift angle on a moored ship are drawn.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Internal Insulation system is usually applied to the apartment in Korea. In this case, the layer of insulation is disconnected by structural components at the joints of wall-slab and wall-wall. These joints become thermal bridges at which the risk of inside surface condensation and heat loss increase. Especially at the joints adjacent to hot water pipes for heating, the heat loss is so great that the outside surface temperatures are higher by 2~4℃ in the winter than those of surrounding regions. EIFS (Exterior Insulation and Finish System) can be a solution for reducing the heat loss. Thus this study aims to evaluate the energy performance in case of applying the EIFS to the wall-slab joint including window system of the balcony in Korean apartment.


The paper analyses the new management practice in the hotel industry. Over recent years, the environment for hotel management in Croatia has changed radically. Difficult business conditions require the transformation of management in the hotel industry. From the old-style business model, in which hotel managers were focused inwards on the hotel and its operation, a new paradigm encompassing a more externally oriented focus is now required. The current transformation of socially-owned hotels into capital-based and market-oriented business enterprises will accelerate the general process of privatisation and promote incentive management strategies. The article gives the research results of the new management practice in the case of the hotel "Excelsior" in Dubrovnik. It is one of the most successful hotels on the Croatian coast, which practises modern management. The research referred to management level, sex, age and educational structure of managers, their continuing education, knowledge, skills and characteristics of management, main functions of management, delegation of authorities and responsibilities, management system, decision-making, styles of leading and governing of managers by their time. The received results have been compared with the earlier management approach of the above-mentioned hotel. The objective of the paper is to point out the importance of the new management practice and its contribution to the successful hotel business. 1. INTRODUCTION This paper analyses changes that have happened in the hotel industry caused by the transformation of socially-owned into market-oriented business enterprises. One of the most important new business methods is transformational management, and it appears as one of the most efficacious ways of managing a hotel. If we want to be competitive with other countries in the Mediterranean, then a large number of hotels in Croatia need new owners and new management, especially in the Dubrovnik-Neretvian County, where the owner of most hotels is the state and where tourism means life. With the privatisation of the hotel Excelsior in Dubrovnik, the new owner has started to establish a new management practice because he has to accustom hotel management to the new environment, which has changed radically over recent years. A functional organisation structure dominates in Croatian hotel firms with a high grade of hierarchy and centralisation. A new environment requires the modification of the leading style towards the consultative and participative style; thus, the hotel Excelsior has adopted these conditions. By exploring different approaches of accomplishing the business management of this five-star hotel, they decided to install a new organisation unit into the organisation figure that is controlling. This helped them to control everyday expenses on every level of the hotel departments. The hotel has overtaken the top price of their services. Thus, by controlling the expenses, it can reach the results of the best hotels in the Mediterranean. The Hotel Excelsior has an ISO 9002 certificate and operates the system of Total Quality Management, which is directed towards satisfying customer demand. Any obstacle in the way of achieving customer satisfaction must be removed. The high-grade service supply does not recognise the frontiers, but it guarantees the satisfaction of the guest. The staff of every organisation is the most important resource. The Hotel Excelsior is investing a lot in training their operation staff by organising courses at the Hotel Sheraton, in the United Kingdom, for their waiters and cooks. The top management of the hotel is also broadening their knowledge by attending different courses, seminars, MBA studies, etc. In this article, the indispensability of using the new approach of the management practise in the hotel industry will be pointed out, whereby in the Dubrovnik region or in any other region, in general, will be encompassed by the transition and globalisation processes. …


Diabetes is characterized by an increase in ROS generation and impaired mitochondrial dysfunction in several tissues. Due to its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and the presence of carotenoid antioxidants, we aimed to test if dietary avocado oil (AO) may attenuate ROS generation in association with a decrease in the peroxidizability index (PI) of membranes from liver and aortic mitochondria. In aortic mitochondria from diabetic rats, 90‐days administration of avocado oil induced both an 8% increment in MUFA content and a 20.6% decrease in PI when compared with the diabetic group. Moreover, a decrease of above 50% in ROS production was detected in mitochondria from the control and diabetic groups treated with AO. Regarding liver mitochondria, ROS production was 81% higher in diabetic mitochondria than in control. However, despite neither MUFA content nor PI was modified by AO treatment, the later decreased ROS generation in diabetic mitochondria at control levels. Together, these results suggest that avocado oil may decrease oxidative stress in different tissues by diverse mechanisms.


The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of working capital, total of labour, allocation of trading time, and long of running a bussines to informal sector income in the District of Labuhanbatu Regency. In this research use double lenear regression model with component to process data, used Eviews programme version 10. This research method use nonprobability sampling method that is purposive sampling which is method Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The research result show that working capital ( 0,0000), total of labour (0,0061), allocation of trading time (0,0225), long of running a bussines (0,0000) and business location (0,0002) do influence together significantly to informal sector income in the Distric Labuhanbatu Regency.


Novice drivers are considered as the riskiest group of drivers due to caused accidents and injuries related to inexperience and propensity to take risks on the road. Thus, prospective analysis of importance of driving learning history for the novice drivers' future involvement in traffic violations or road accidents is extremely encouraged. This study is aimed to evaluate the importance of learning to drive experience and driving test (theory and on-road) performance for the prediction of objective traffic rules violations and later accident involvement in Lithuanian novice drivers. 598 learner drivers who obtained their driving licence for the first time participated in the longitudinal study. Information concerning their learning to drive experience before taking driving test, theory test and on-road driving test performance was obtained in the first stage of the study. Later information on the number of recorded traffic offenses committed by participants and number of accidents during the first year of their independent driving was obtained from the police records. The results showed that worse driving theory test performance, but not on-road driving test performance was related to the fact of being fined for traffic rules violations. While age and experience of learning to drive were not important predictors of being a traffic offender. Gender and length of independent driving were also important predictors for later traffic violations.
This research was funded by a grant from the Research Council of Lithuania (grant No. GER-005/2015).


Georgia Tech has investigated methods for the detection and tracking of personnel in a variety of acquisition environments. This research effort focused on a detailed phenomenological analysis of human physiology and signatures with the subsequent identification and characterization of potential observables. Both aspects are needed to support the development of personnel detection and tracking algorithms. As a fundamental part of this research effort, Georgia Tech collected motion capture data on an individual for a variety of walking speeds, carrying loads, and load distributions. These data formed the basis for deriving fundamental properties of the individual's motion and the derivation of motionbased observables, and changes in these fundamental properties arising from load variations. Analyses were conducted to characterize the motion properties of various body components such as leg swing, arm swing, head motion, and full body motion. This paper will describe the data acquisition process, extraction of motion characteristics, and analysis of these data. Video sequences illustrating the motion data and analysis results will also be presented.


The revolutionary historical novels in 17 years show "traditional" narrative factor.From the three aspects of narrative point of view,and the narrative structure and the narrative logic,we can find the revolutionary historical novels in 17 years have carried on the inheritance and the transformation of the ancient vernacular novel tradition.On the one hand,the utilization of the ancient vernacular novel tradition helps convey the revolutionary ideology,on the other hand,the ancient vernacular novel tradition causes it to go beyond the revolutionary ideology to have its own significance of existence.The revolutionary ideology has displayed the spceification and the restriction on it.Both revolutionary ideology and narrative tradition of ancient novels echo and fight against each other to form a new narrative tradition of contemporary literature,which in turn potentially impacts the creation of contemporary novels.


We derive the modified rate equations for an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) ring with two transversely coupled quantum dots (QD's) embedded in two arms in the presence of a magnetic field. We find that the interdot coupling between the two QD's can cause a temporal oscillation in electron occupation at the initial stage of the quantum dynamics, while the source-drain current decays monotonically to a stationary value. On the other hand, the interdot coupling equivalently divides the AB ring into two coupled subrings. That also destroys the normal AB oscillations with a period of 2pi, and generates new and complex periodic oscillations with their periods varying in a linear manner as the ratio between two magnetic fluxes (each penetrates one AB subring) increases. Furthermore, the interference between two subrings is also evident from the observation of the perturbed fundamental AB oscillation.


Descriptive case studies of the United Nations' role in the liberation struggle, racial discrimination, and multilateral economic and technical assistance programs in Southern Africa are presented to support the central thesis that the United Nations has provided an ineffective approach for the achievement of most African goals. Although this brief volume provides a useful chronology of the diplomatic activities of African states in the United Nations since 1960, it provides few new analytical insights. HELEN PURKIIT


The tautomeric forms of benzimidazole N-oxide derivatives in solution were studied using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Further insight into the molecular structures was provided by theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT). In the gas phase the N-hydroxy tautomer was more stable than the N-oxide, whereas in solution the stabilization of one form or the other depended on hydrogen bond formation involving the N-hydroxy/N-oxide moiety. Derivative 4 (n-butyl-5-nitrobenzimidazole-2-carboxamide 3-oxide), having a 2-carboxamide moiety, was the only compound studied present as a mixture of tautomers, the N-oxide being the predominant one. This was assigned to the formation of an internal hydrogen bond between the N-oxide group and the amide hydrogen atom. The tautomeric form present in the solid state was studied for derivative 1 (ethyl-5-nitrobenzimidazole-2-carboxylate 3-oxide) and was conclusively assigned by X-ray diffraction techniques to the N-hydroxy tautomer. In the cry...


An electron microscopy study, in combination with modeling and image simulation, of four different reconstituted ferritin samples: recombinant human H and L homopolymers, and H and L heteropolymers of native L-subunit-rich horse spleen and H-subunit-rich human heart ferritins, points out the existence of a correlation between iron core shape and protein shell.


A split ring loaded monopole antenna structure for triple-band operation is proposed in this study. Multi-resonance is achieved by attaching two rings to a monopole on a circular ground plane. The connected rings improve the directivity and support multiband response. The authors present a discussion on the multi-resonance operation and investigate the antenna characteristics by changing the dimensions of the structure. Results of the parametric analysis are used to determine the effect of changing the dimensions of the antenna on the three resonant frequencies and also arrive at empirical design equations. An equivalent circuit of the antenna is proposed and is used to explain multi-resonance behaviour of the antenna. Simulated and measured performances of the proposed antenna are compared and a good agreement is observed between the two.


Solid tumors are characterized by extensive immune suppressive inflammation, vascular leak, fibrosis and organ damage. Similarly, SARS-CoV-2 infections induce aberrant pulmonary and systemic inflammation, vascular leak, coagulation, fibrosis and fatal organ damage. We previously demonstrated that macrophages in solid tumors strongly expressed phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ), a signaling protein that coordinately controls granulocyte and monocyte trafficking to tumors as well as wound-healing-type macrophage transcription in cancer and fibrosis. We also observed that macrophages in COVID-19 lungs strongly expressed PI3Kγ. To identify therapeutic strategies to suppress COVID-19-associated inflammation, we characterized lung tissue of COVID-19 patients using multiplex immunohistochemistry and tissue transcriptomics. Lungs of deceased patients exhibited substantial infiltration by neutrophils and wound-healing macrophages, fibrosis and alveolar type II cell depletion. In animal models of lung inflammation, bacterial infections, viral infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection, PI3Kγ deletion or inhibition with the cancer therapeutic IPI-549 (eganelisib) suppressed pulmonary and systemic inflammation, reduced lung damage, and promoted survival. These studies demonstrate the essential role of PI3Kγ in inflammatory diseases as well as cancer and support the use of PI3Kγ inhibitors such as eganelisib to suppress inflammation and promote survival in pulmonary infections like SARS-CoV-2 and cancer.
 Citation Format: Judith A. Varner, Anghesom Ghebremedhin. PI3Kgamma inhibition reduces inflammation and promotes survival in cancer and SARS-CoV-2 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2056.


Simply designating open space in a development is not enough to provide long-term protection for a variety of wildlife. New policies need to be developed that encourage developers of conservation developments to adopt long-term management practices that support biodiversity conservation. This 5-page fact sheet discusses policy options that could be used to support conservation management practices and reports on a survey of Colorado landowners who have created conservation developments and their opinions about a policy option to support the implementation of management practices. Written by Daniel Feinberg and Mark Hostetler, and published by the UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, December 2014. (Photo credit: Daniel Feinberg)
WEC356/UW401: Conservation Subdivision: Post-construction Phase—Policy Directions and the Importance of Assessing Stakeholder Opinions (ufl.edu)


With the aim of improving the damping capacity of high-speed industrial robots, the links made of carbon/natural fibers reinforced hybrid composite is used for replacing aluminum links in the limbs of the 3CRS robot, a 6-degrees of freedom (DOFs) parallel robot with only 3 limbs. In this paper, vibration and damping analyses of the 3CRS robot, integrating composite links, are presented. The dynamic analysis of the robotic structure with the viscoelastic composite links are performed by an analytical method based on the matrix structural analysis method combined with the Lagrange equations and the correspondence principle. By using the analytical method, the modal frequencies and the loss factor of the reformed robot with the hybrid composite links are determined and compared with those of the initial robot with the aluminum links. The results show that the reformed robot with the hybrid composite links has similar modal frequencies, but considerably higher damping capacity in comparison with the initial robot. The damping improvements could allow the robot to achieve higher precision, operate with faster speeds/accelerations and work in harder dynamic loading conditions. It confirms therefore the benefits of using carbon/natural fibers hybrid composite in robotic structures.


The cytochrome P450s are hemoproteins that play critical roles in the bioactivation and detoxication of a wide variety of xenobiotic substances. The enzymes are encoded by a superfamily of genes. The term "cytochrome P450" originates from the observation that the reduced state of the proteins form complexes with carbon monoxide that exhibit absorbance maxima at 450 nm (Omura and Sato, 1964). The P450 enzymes are now referred to as heme-thiolate proteins. P450s have been characterized in many species of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, fish, and mammalian systems (Nebert and McKinnon, 1994). In mammalian cells, P450s are localized predominantly in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and are entirely distinct from the cytochrome proteins that comprise the mitochondrial electron-transport function. Currently, .700 P450s have been characterized, inclusive of the many different species of organisms that have been studied (Nelson et al., 1996). Based primarily on sequence similarities, a standardized nomenclature has been adopted that categorizes the individual P450s into respective families and subfamilies. P450 proteins exhibiting .40% similarity in protein sequence are classified within the same family; proteins exhibiting .55% sequence similarity are grouped into the same subfamily (Nebert and McKinnon, 1994; Nelson et al., 1996). Although the catalog is updated regularly, the current P450 nomenclature and classification scheme was most recently reviewed in 1996 (Nelson et al., 1996). The purpose of this current review is to very briefly highlight some of the more important mammalian P450s with respect to their expression, inducibility and inhibition character, and substrate preferences, especially as they relate to human toxicology. Due to this limited scope, it is impossible to thoroughly reference all the important and relevant literature pertaining to this topic. The reader is referred to other recent reviews for more detailed information (Dogra et al., 1998; Meyer and Zanger, 1997; Pelkonen and Raunio, 1997; Rendic and Di-Carlo, 1997). Information from these and other references has been used as source material to compile the contents of Table 1, summarizing some of the salient features of several relevant P450s.


A new high‐resolution structure of a pain‐sensing ion channel, TRPA1, provides a molecular scaffold to understand channel function. Unexpected structural features include a TRP‐domain helix similar to TRPV1, a novel ligand‐binding site, and an unusual C‐terminal coiled coil stabilized by inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). TRP‐domain helices, which structurally act as a nexus for communication between the channel gates and its other domains, may thus be a feature conserved across the entire TRP family and, possibly, other allosterically‐gated channels. Similarly, the TRPA1 antagonist‐binding site could also represent a druggable location in other ion channels. Combined with known TRPA1 functional properties, the structural role for IP6 leads us to propose that polyphosphate unbinding could act as a molecular kill switch for TRPA1 inactivation. Finally, although packing of the TRPA1 membrane‐proximal region hints at a mechanism for electrophile sensing, the details of how TRPA1 responds to noxious reactive electrophiles and temperature await future studies.


Biodiesel is a promising example of an alternative vehicle fuel that is now ready to be introduced. It is renewable, because it can be derived from various vegetable oils. To obtain a fuel of high quality, vegetable oil has a chemical reaction with methanol to produce a methyl ester biodiesel. Such a biodiesel has similar fuel qualities to mineral diesel. Because of this great similarity, a mixture of biodiesel with mineral diesel can be used in standard diesel engines; thus, technically, biodiesel can be used almost immediately. Biodiesel emissions are less harmful to the environment, and contain almost no sulphur. In 1994, VITO began the first biodiesel demonstration project, using five cars fuelled by rapeseed methyl ester (RME). During the two-year project, the cars' engine performance was slightly lower and the fuel consumption was slightly higher; no additional engine wear occurred. 30-70% less particles were emitted, especially for vehicles fitted with an oxidation catalyst. Emissions of other pollutants were similar to those of diesel or slightly lower. Waste vegetable oil, called UVOME (used vegetable oil methyl ester) has comparable composition, fuel properties, performance, and emissions to RME. In 1996, VITO began a second two-year biodiesel demonstration project, to test UVOME.


In 1988 at the Chinese University of Hong Kong 1,039 entering freshmen were screened for antibody against the Epstein-Barr virus and 71 (6.8%) were negative. One year later, 16 (25.8%) of 62 negatives converted to positive with asymptomatic infections. There was seroconversion in 14 subjects who did not give histories of deep kissing. There was an association between antibody status of Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses, but not between Epstein-Barr virus and human herpes virus type 6.


*A kinetic theory analysis is made of low-speed gas flows in microfluidic systems consisted of microchannels in series. The Boltzmann equation simplified by a collision model is solved by means of a finite difference approximation with the discrete ordinate method. For the evaluation of the present method the results for simple channels are compared with those from several different methods and available experimental data. Calculations are made for various microfluidic systems such as a sudden expansion, a sudden contraction, and a 90 degree bend. Nomenclature c A = collision frequency d = characteristic length of the flow field f = distribution function F = Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution , g h = reduced distribution functions Kn = Knudsen number λ = mean free path o = inlet condition d = exit condition


We describe a project developed at the University of Granada in collaboration with the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia aimed at using a remote telescope for live astronomical observations from the classroom. Available instrumentation, software and activities are presented.


This essay contributes to the ongoing conversation on Langland and romance, arguing that Piers Plowman's engagement with the genre extends beyond the kind of courtly pastiche that characterizes the Christ-Knight allegory of passūs 16-18. Rather, the insular heroes of historical romance, and that of the Middle English Stanzaic Guy of Warwick in particular, model a relationship between the individual subject and the production of national (or even universal) history that impacts Langland's own exploration of lay piety. Piers Plowman becomes a framework in which to view the transformation of romance from a literary genre to a historical temper exerting itself on other forms of medieval fiction.


China not only is the country along the bank of the Sea of China including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea, but also was the country along the bank of the Sea of Ochotsk and the Sea of Japan in history. But from then on, because of signing a series of unequal treaties between the government of the Qing Dynasty and some imperialistic countries, China gradually lost some parts of coastal areas and territorial seas and finally lost the sovereignty and the situation on the area of the Sea of Ochotsk and the Sea of Japan. Based upon the United Nations Maritime Convention, the Law of Territorial Sea and the Law of Exclusive Economic Zone Continental Shelf which are promulgated by Chinese government, the formation and the evolution of the geographical pattern of Chinese coastal areas and territorial seas are discussed and studied. The geographical pattern of Chinese jurisdictional marine territory including territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf is roughly described in this paper.


The study was conducted in Trabzon province wherein north-east Turkey and situated on the Black Sea coast. The population of Trabzon city center is 317 520 people. The tritium concentration in the human body is estimated by measuring the activity concentration of tritium in urine. In this context, urine samples was taken and analyzed from 100 participants living in households determined by Turkey Statistical Institute. Tritium concentrations in the samples were measured by the liquid scintillation counter (LSC). The ages of participants range from 18 to 65, with the average is 34.99. The average tritium concentration in their urine samples was found as 13.37 ± 2.33 Bq L and the maximum 33.23 Bq L. The MDA for this method was 2.59 Bq L. The tritium concentrations of 23 samples (23%) were below of the MDA. The average tritium concentrations in urine samples of females and males were found as 13.45 ± 2.39 Bq L and 13.32 ± 2.30 Bq L, respectively. Also, the annual effective dose rates were calculated as 11.13 nSv for females and 12.78 nSv for males. Calculated annual effective dose rates are quite lower than the recommended values by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP).


The Office on Women's Health Research was established within the Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1990 with a mandate to strengthen and enhance prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of illness in women and to enhance research related to diseases and conditions that affect women. The NIH Office for Women's Health Research summary of public testimony targeted the following areas as high priority for research: cancer prevention (especially breast cancer) cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, work site safety, domestic violence, postnatal care, AIDS, and consequences of women's hormonal cycles for pharmacotherapy (Barry, Gooding, Harris, Hazzard, 8c Winograd, 1993). The diversity of women's health needs was stressed, considering special populations, African-American, Hispanic, and poor women (Grisso & Watkins, 1992). In keeping with the priorities of the NIH Office for Women's Health Research, the authors implemented an observational study to identify risk factors in AfricanAmerican post-menopausal women and to further identify women who would be eligible for a clinical trial examining the effects of alendronate on bone density. (The geminal biphosphonates are specific inhibitors of bone resorption, potentially useful in osteoporosis.) This report describes efforts undertaken to recruit subjects from the community of African-American women for an observational study and a subsequent clinical trial. The observational study was designed to identify health risk factors in this group about which very little is known, and to screen subjects for eligibility for the clinical trial. According to the National Institute on Aging (NIA), half of all people older than 75 suffer from osteoporosis, a major cause of fractures in the spine, hip, wrist, and other bones. Twenty-five percent of women older than 60 have osteoporosis (Barry et al., 1993). The prevalence of osteoporosis in African-American women is not known, but is expected to be a great deal lower than in whites. Clinicians report that African-American women who do experience a fracture of the femur have a much longer recovery time and a higher rate of mortality than whites (Bocanegra, personal communication, January 13, 1994). Women's health has been the missing chapter in America's focus on medical research. Heart disease, cancer, and osteoporosis are the three main causes of morbidity and mortality in older women. While a major focus has been launched in these areas during the last 3 years, few efforts have been directed specifically at older African-American women (Cotton, 1992). In the past 5 years, the NIH has launched major campaigns and guidelines to encourage the recruitment of minorities and women in clinical trials. Critical to the success of any clinical trial is the recruitment of adequate sample sizes of eligible subjects and the prevention of subject attrition once the trial begins (Bennett, 1993). The purpose of this substudy was to determine which factors most influence post-menopausal African-American women's participation in a multisite clinical trial. Research questions for the substudy were: Which recruitment methods work best with African-American women? 0 Which methods prevent attrition and adherence to the study protocol? 0 What special strategies need to be considered in recruiting and implementing a clinical trial for this population of women?


The author of this work present an appendix paper entitled: "A statistical analysis of spatial colocalization using Ripley's K function." Thibault Lagache *, Vannary Meas-Yedid, lean-Christophe Olivo-Marin Institut Pasteur, Quantitative Image Analysis Unit, F-75015 Paris, France CNRS URA 2582, F-75015 Paris, France


Purpose
Prior studies had documented that CEOs with accounting backgrounds are more conservative as compared to their non-accounting backgrounds counterparts. However, prior studies also suggested that CEOs with accounting backgrounds tend to engage in earnings management activities because they have the knowledge to do so. Motivated by these findings, this study aims to examine empirically the possibility of executive compensation to play a moderating role in influencing the behaviour of CEO with accounting backgrounds towards earnings management.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses the data from 2013 to 2017 from Malaysian FTSE Top 30 companies. The data on the education backgrounds of the CEOs were collected manually from the companies' annual reports. CEOs with accounting qualification was coded 1, and 0, otherwise. The earnings management were the discretionary accruals estimated using the modified Jones (1991) model. Meanwhile, the data on executive compensation was also collected manually from the companies' annual reports. All other governance data were also collected manually from the annual reports, and financial data was collected using the Thompson Reuters DataStream application.

Findings
This study found that compensation suffered multicollinearity with the CEO accounting background, thus ineligible to act as a moderating variable between the latter and earnings management. The result further documented a negative but insignificant relationship between compensation with earnings management.

Originality/value
This study discusses the possibility of executive compensation as a moderating variable in the relationship between CEOs with accounting backgrounds and earnings management, whereby, to the authors' best knowledge, such a discussion is limited in the existing literature.


The purpose of this article is to discuss the relationship between State and globalization, by introducing concepts related to the Cooperative Constitutional State as idealized by Peter Haberle, establishing a connection to the value of solidarity and the idea of human development, to, later, deal with current proposals of global governance characterized by Objectives of Millennium Development and Objectives of Sustainable Development. Thus, the first part of the article presents the general characteristics of the globalization process and its impact on the historical basis of the State-nation formation, specially in the concept of sovereignty. The second part is dedicated to categorization of the cooperative constitutional State and its elements, to then deal with the rope played by the value of solidarity in orienting the power relationships in pro of performance of human development. Finally, the third and last part presents the Objectives of Development of the Millennium and those of Sustainable Development Objectives, in order to discuss the difference in their respective formation processes, and characterization of a possible human evolution in terms of global governance, to provide hope of a future institutionalization of the Cooperative Constitutional State.


We compare water tunnel experiment and 2D vortex-particle computation for a generalization of the classical problem of flat-plate constant-rate pitch and related motions, at frequencies and Reynolds numbers relevant to Micro Air Vehicle applications. The motivation is problems of maneuvering, perching and gust response. All of the examined flows evince a strong leading edge vortex. Increasing pitch rate tends to tighten the leading edge vortex and to produce a trailing-edge vortex system dominated by a counter-rotating pair. Pitch pivot point location is crucial to the leading edge vortex size and formation history, and to its subsequent behavior in convecting over the airfoil suction-side. Despite the respective limitations of the experiment and computations, agreement in vorticity fields between the two at an overlapping case at Re = 10,000 is good, whence it is possible to use the computation to obtain integrated force data unavailable in the experiment. These were studied for Re= 100 and 1000. Lift prediction from the computation shows a direct proportionality of lift to the pitch rate on the pitch upstroke. Finally, we compare pitch vs. plunge, and find that quasi-steady prediction is reasonably successful in predicting a combined pitch-plunge that effectively cancels the leading edge vortex, but not in canceling the trailing vortex system.


Study design, materials and methods This study conducted a secondary analysis of OAB-V8 data that was prospectively collected from patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. A Graded Response Model was used to test the OAB-V8's polytomous response options and the instrument's ability to measure the underlying construct of OAB. Item characteristic curves were used to model each item's discrimination and difficulty. Differential item functioning was used to test the need for the OAB-V8 to score males and females differently.


Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are single-stranded, negative sense RNA viruses. IAV subtype is determined on the basis of the viral surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA), and neuraminidase (NA). To date, 18 HA and 11 NA subtypes have been reported (Tong et al., 2012). IAVs can cause sporadic infections, local epidemics, and global pandemics among humans. In addition to humans, IAVs can naturally infect avian, swine, equines, canines, and sea mammals (Webster et al., 1992). Migratory waterfowl are the natural reservoir for IAVs, and the avianorigin IAVs play an important role in influenza ecology and have been involved in generation of the IAVs infection in humans. At least one or more genetic segments of all four known pandemic strains are of avian origin, and these avian-origin genes reassorted with those IAVs from domestic animals to generate pandemic viruses. For example, the HA genes (major antigenic determinants) of 1918, 1957, and 1968 pandemic viruses are all of avianorigin (Webster et al., 1997); the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus has avian-origin PB2 and PA genes (Shinde et al., 2009). Besides pandemic viruses, in the past decades, there have also been a number of reported human infections with avian IAVs, including subtypes H5N1, H6N1, H7N2, H7N3, H7N7, H9N2, H10N7 and H7N9. Thus, monitoring the evolution of avian IAVs and rapidly detecting these viruses in human are important components of influenza surveillance and pandemic preparedness. On November 27, 2013, a novel H10N8 IAV was recovered from a patient with fatal pneumonia in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China (Chen et al., 2014). This virus had a Eurasian-lineage H10 gene and a North American-lineage N8 gene. Two more human cases of H10N8 virus infection were reported in the same city in the next few months. Recent serologic surveillance in this region showed that birds, including chicken and ducks, from five live bird markets (LBM) were seropositive for H10 IAV, indicating that H10 virus has spread widely in the region, posing a potential threat to public health (Xu et al., 2015). Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) has been commonly used for IAV detection in influenza surveillance and disease diagnosis because of its high sensitivity, specificity, and high throughput. A number of HA subtype specific qRT-PCR methods have been developed, including H5, H7, and H9 (Monne et al., 2008). However, there is still lack of a specific qRT-PCR method for detecting the emerging H10N8 IAVs. In this study, a Eurasianlineage H10 specific qRT-PCR is developed and validated. To develop Eurasian-lineage H10 gene specific probe, a total of 1, 090 available H10 genes were retrieved from the Influenza Virus Resource (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/genomes/FLU/FLU.html), including 470 Eurasianlineage H10 genes and 620 North American-lineage H10 genes. The nucleotide sequences were aligned using MUSCLE (Edgar, 2004), and a Eurasian-lineage H10 specific primer set and Taqman probe were designed using Primer Express version 2.0 (Applied Biosystems Inc., Foster City, CA, USA): forward primer (H10F) 5′AATTTTGTTCC[A/G]GTTGTTGG[A/G]GCA-3′, reverse primer (H10R) 5′-TTTGCTAACTCG[A/G]CT [T/C]GG[T/C]GCTAT-3′ (Eurofins Genomics, Huntsville, Alabama, USA); the MGB-labeled probe FAM-5′CCTCAGGTCAATGGACAAAG-3′-MGB-NFQ targeting the region covering 683–826 (144 bp total) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Grand Island, NY, USA). Sequence analyses showed that, at the region (from nucleotide position 710 to 729) covered by probe, there was a threenucleotide discrepancy (marked in bold) between the H10 IAVs of Eurasian-lineage (CCTCAGGTCAATGG ACAAAG) and those of North American-lineage (CCACAGG[A/G]CAATGG[C/T]CAAAG). Thus, this probe was proved to be Eurasian-lineage H10 gene specific. The qRT-PCR method was performed in a 20-μL volume containing 5 μL of 4 × TaqMan Fast Virus 1Step Master Mix (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Grand Island, NY, USA), 1 μL of forward primer H10F (900 nmol/L), 1 μL of reverse primer H10R (900 nmol/L), 1 μL of probe (100 nmol/L), 1 μL viral RNA (30 ng) being tested, and 11 μL DEPC-treated water. The qRTPCR was performed using the Mx3000P qPCR System (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA) with the following


In complex networks,how to rank the nodes according to their importance plays key roles in various kinds of fields.Against the problem that most of the existing single index are unilateralist and limited,and most of the current synthesis evaluation method is also inaccurate,we proposed a new synthesis evaluation method combining principal component analysis with TOPSIS.We used our method to analyse the ARPA and the USA airport network.The result suggests that our method should be effective and corrective,and also lays the foundation for further more evaluation of node importance.


The invention relates to a process for the production of micro-nano combined active systems in which nanoparticles of a first component with a second component microparticles are connected, comprising the steps of: (A) producing a ligand-free nanoparticles of the first component-containing colloid suspension, in which the nanoparticles containing colloidal suspension or adding the suspension containing the nanoparticles colloid in a dispersion comprising the microparticles and intensive mixing, so that the nanoparticles adsorb the addition of microparticles (b) to the microparticles, (C) separating the micro-particles with the attached thereto nanoparticles from the liquid and drying the microparticles with the attached thereto nanoparticles.


Between the 9th December 2013 to the 13th January 2014, OA East carried out an archaeological watching brief on land off Ditchford Road, Irthingborough, Northamptonshire (SP 2837 7355).
The monitoring was carried out during the excavation of three trenches, dug to locate an existing water main, the stripping of a 15m wide easement and the excavation of a new service trench. No archaeological remains were observed during the watching brief.


International trade has resulted positive impacts, such as alleviating poverty and increasing jobs. All countries then start concluding trade agreements multilaterally, regionally and bilaterally. The existence of preferential trade agreements is increasingly significant due to the deadlock of multilateral trade agreements. Although providing benefits, international trade has adversely affected environment. Some international treaties suggest how countries should include environmental concern in their PTAs. Unlike traditional PTAs, most of modern PTAs have incorporated environmental concern, reconciling the goal of trade liberalization and environmental protection. In Indonesia, there is a link between international trade and environmental harm. This article aims to show the existing Indonesia's PTAs, analysing how Indonesia has put, and how it should put environmental concern in its PTAs. This article argues that only a few Indonesia's PTAs have incorporated environmental concern in their provisions. Moreover, when they include environmental concern, there is no further elaboration on how this process should be undertaken. Compare to other existing PTAs, Indonesia should start incorporating environmental concern in its PTAs, and then allow the right of government to impose protective measure in order to preserve environment.


St. Gertrude is situated in the turning point when traditional unity between theology and spiritual life is beginning to weaken. Contemporary as she is to the development of scholasticism, she belongs, however, to monastic world, where integration between life and theology is cultivated and defended. Her life is presented before us as one where the theological goal underlying every Christian life is fulfilled: vital understanding of mystery by an experience of intimate communion with the divine. Her teaching illuminates the core of faith from the sources of Liturgy, Revelation and Patristic tradition, assimilated through her spiritual experience. This teaching is expressed in the originality and theological accuracy of her visions and prayers poured into an affective and symbolic language, in the balance of her spiritual doctrine and in her deep ecclesial sense. Her experience constitutes a dogmatic, ecclesial and spousal mystic, whose universality and actuality makes it suitable and attractive both to believers and unbelievers of our days.


ABSTRACT Ever since the inception of paraphilias in the psychiatric nosological system, it has been in several controversies ranging from determining normal sexual behaviour from abnormal, role of culture, diagnosing paraphilia as deviant sexual behaviour and various medico-legal issues related to sexual offenders and predators. Over the years, several landmark changes have been made in the subsection of paraphilias in both DSM and ICD nosological system. The evolutionary journey of paraphilias to paraphilic disorder is remarkable, yet there are various unresolved issues related to its nosological status and diagnosis. To review some fundamental concepts of paraphilias related to its evolution in nosological systems and discuss its various diagnostic and medico-legal/forensic issues. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on paraphilias in PubMed and Google Scholar and through the cross-references of relevant articles till June 2022. Keywords included 'paraphilias,' 'nosology,' 'critique' 'issues' and 'diagnosis' in various combinations. Only original articles (abstract and full text), review articles, viewpoint articles and recommendations published in English, till June 2022, were reviewed and checked thoroughly. Articles published in non-English languages were excluded. 34 articles related to the topic were found, including those relevant to paraphilias' nosology and diagnostic issues. We discuss in detail the nosological journey of paraphilias and various controversies related to it. Additionally, we discuss the various diagnostic and forensic issues. From our review, we conclude that the most valid indicators of true paraphilic disorders i.e. exclusiveness, fixation and compulsiveness, which are the most complex entities to establish in a forensic context, are not adequately addressed even by the new criteria of DSM-5 and ICD-11 of paraphilic disorders. Hence, even after so many modifications, paraphilic disorders still present challenges to our conceptualization of mental disorders.


Fish is one of the richest sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids essential for human diet in addition to, providing an excellent source of protein, vitamins and minerals. A number of studies are available on lipid and fatty acid profile of fish especially on n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, due to their vital role in human health related disorders (Gustafsson et al., 1992; Jabeen and Chaudhry, 2011). The importance of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) have been well recognized due to their anti-arrhythmic, antithrombotic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties (Simopoulos, 2002; Simopoulos, 2007). Fish is one of the best sources for n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) that is not synthesized in human body yet essential in diets (De Deckere et al., 1998; Simopoulos, 2003; 2008; Karalazos, 2007). The freshwater fish species serves a valuable source of essential fatty acids that contain higher levels of C18 PUFA with a considerable amount of Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and higher proportion of n-6 PUFA with a much lower ratio of n-3/ n-6 than marine fish (Steffens, 1997). Whereas, most of the fatty acids extracted from the carps in 2+ age group are either oleic linoleic palmitic or oleic-palmitic-linoleic (Hadjinikolova, 2004). The variation in fatty acid profile of fish within and between species can be attributed to difference in their natural and artificial diets (Puustinen et al., 1985; Henderson and Tocher, 1987; Ahlgren et al., 1996). The fish being the dietary source of n-3 fatty acids do not synthesize them de novo but obtain them from the algal or microalgal plankton in their diets. Phytoplankton, considered as a base of food web, control the lipid quality of fish species directly in herbivorous and indirectly in omnivorous-carnivorous species (Ahlgren et al., 1996). In case of artificial feed, lipids and proteins are two major organic components of fish and gain considerable importance in artificial or supplementary diets. Lipids are very effective in artificial diet that initiates fat and carbohydrates retention (Zeitler et al., 1984; Viola et al., 1988; Schwarz et al., 1988). Hence, lipids and their constituent fatty acids along with their other metabolic derivatives, such as the eicosanoids, play an important role in growth, health, and reproduction of an organism (Sargent et al., 2002; Tocher, 2003). The nutritive lipid sources of animal and plant origin used in fish diets stimulate their growth, absorption of protein, and the retention of fats and Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 52(2), 541-550; 2015 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 http://www.pakjas.com.pk


This paper presents an evaluation of Wisconsin's Daylighting Collaborative as a case study of a successful education and training evaluation that helped drive subsequent program activities. Kirkpatrick's four levels of training evaluation serve as an organizing framework for discussing how the evaluation's use of common techniques relate to the theory of education and training evaluation. The paper presents the daylighting evaluation's methodology in the context of these "four levels," reports evaluation findings, and discusses the evaluation's effects on the program. This discussion suggests several keys – both methodological and organizational – to the evaluation's success as a driver of program change.


approved: ______________________________________________________ Richard Halse Astragalus peckii Piper is a threatened Oregon endemic in the pea family (Fabaceae). This species faces extinction due to loss of habitat. Recovery efforts include augmenting existing populations and creating new ones. The purpose of this study was to determine the best methodology for population augmentation of Astragalus peckii by evaluating methodologies for 1) seed germination and seedling cultivation, and 2) transplant survival and seed emergence. Older seeds required manual scarification to induce germination while younger seeds germinated without treatment. Seedlings were placed in three soil treatments with varying ratios of potting mix and native soil. Seedlings experienced high rates of mortality unrelated to treatment. Seeds and seedlings were planted in the fall along four transects of varying disturbance and previous species occupation. Spring survival rates provided little evidence for an increase in population size of Astragalus peckii in the four transects after planting.


The dynamic slope scaling procedure is an approximation method successfully which solves the fixed charge network flow (FCNF) problem by iteratively linearizing the fixed cost. The parameterized dynamic slope scaling procedure adds an additional $\psi$ parameter to the procedure which can significantly improve the solution quality. Finding the optimal value of $\psi$ for a given problem is non-trivial. This paper employs multiple metaheuristic techniques, including simulated annealing, tabu search, and particle swarm optimization, to guide the search for good parameter values. In rigorous testing, we examine the search results, compare the improvement efficiencies among the techniques, and evaluate the final solution quality of the FCNF problem. The experiments show that the solution improvement is robust with respect to these metaheuristics and the complexity of FCNF problem.


Most practical dispersion models assume inert pollutants but air pollutants are often chemically reactive. There is thus a need for including pollution chemistry in plume dispersion models. In this study, turbulent dispersion of reactive pollutants in the neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over hypothetical urban area in the form of an array of idealised street canyons is investigated using large-eddy simulation (LES). Nitric oxide (NO) is emitted from the first street canyon into the urban ABL, mixes with ozone (O3) and produces nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to model bimolecular chemical reaction. The time scales of NO oxidation and dispersion are compared in details. It is found that they are coupled with each other and so collectively modify the dispersion coefficient.


This paper deals with the formulation of a necessary optimality condition for a shape optimization problem of a viscoelastic body in unilateral dynamic contact with a rigid foundation. The contact with Coulomb friction is assumed to occur at a portion of the boundary of the body. The contact condition is described in velocities. The friction coefficient is assumed to be bounded and Lipschitz continuous with respect to a slip velocity. The evolution of the displacement of the viscoelastic body in unilateral contact is governed by a hemivariational inequality of the second order. The shape optimization problem for a viscoelastic body in contact consists in finding, in a contact region, such shape of the boundary of the domain occupied by the body that the normal contact stress is minimized. It is assumed, that the volume of the body is constant. Using material derivative method, we calculate the directional derivative of the cost functional and we formulate a necessary optimality condition for this problem.


Recent measurements of bond energies in the N-Hn and P-Hn systems by photoionization mass spectrometry are compared with modern ab initio calculations and a semi-empirical theory. Good agreement is noted, providing confirmation for the level of accuracy of the ab initio calculations, and for the essential correctness of the semi-empirical parametrization. However, the N-Fn and P-Fn systems, also measured, are currently beyond the capabilities of such high quality ab initio calculations, and the trend s observed in the bond energiea indicate that other parametrizations are necessary in the semi-empirical approach.


The power industry is accelerating the migration of business systems to the cloud. The knowledge graph in the cloud environment can describe the concepts, entities and relationships in massive data in a structured form, and has the ability to understand, organize and manage massive amounts of information more efficiently. The recognition of named entities is a basic technology. This paper proposes an entity recognition method. This method is based on a two-way long and short-term memory neural network, learns the long-term dependence information of the word vector sequence with the help of part of speech features, and then inputs a conditional random field to generate the global optimal sequence. Experiments show that this method is better than many traditional methods when performing named entity recognition on power corpus data. This method can not only lay a foundation for further construction of knowledge graphs and data mining systems, but also has certain reference significance for researchers and engineers in other fields.


An investigation was carried out in Ramankere tank near Honalli of Davangere on physico-chemical characteristics and Planktonic composition during January to December 2011. The results of physico-chemical parameters were compared with the standard values prescribed by the Bureau of India Standards (BIS) and World Health Organization (WHO). The study revealed that, tank water is polluted as it possesses high BOD, CO2, phosphate and nitrogen. A total of 36 species belonging to 27genera of phytoplanktons were recorded, of which Bacillariophyceae and chlorophyceae were dominant. Eight zooplanktons and six macrophytes were also recorded. In the light of standard of water quality recommended by WHO, the tank water should not be used by human beings especially for drinking and cooking.


Command prompt or dos is a basic operating system that we already know well. With the command prompt we can do many things, such as copying files, view the contents of directories, move directories, create directories, and much more. All of the commands in the command prompt is also already very familiar, like md, cd, rd, and others. At this writing, the author uses the Java programming language to create programs for the virtual command prompt. Java election meant that the program can be used in platform independent. This program also has the ability similar to a command prompt, among other capabilities that create directories, rename directories and files, delete files and directories and many other additional functions.


To the Editor: —The news that the medical profession of the United States has instituted a widespread campaign to secure funds to aid their suffering colleagues in Germany will cause great joy and arouse a deep feeling of gratitude in the circles to which succor will be extended. The suffering among German physicians has reached an acute stage. They are members of the educated middle class, which has been particularly hard hit by the financial depression. The more elderly among them have lost the savings accumulated by a lifetime of hard work, and they are exposed to the bitterest need just at the time when old age, sickness and loss of earning power make the struggle for existence especially hard for them and their families. The physicians who, before the war and the revolution, had a good practice and many well-to-do clients, have lost that practice because their former clients


Identification of the specific roles of individual members of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcriptional activators provides insights into the pathogenesis of anemia and erythrocytosis that may enable the development of novel therapies for these disorders. In this issue of Blood , Kapitsinou and colleagues 1 use conditional ablation of Hif-2α in the murine kidney to establish that hypoxic induction of erythropoietin (Epo) is completely dependent on Hif-2α and that in the absence of renal Hif-2, hepatic Hif-2 becomes the main regulator of serum Epo.


Brain tumor is one the main causes of death among people. In the recent studies, there are different automatic and semi-automatic methods for brain tumor detection. Semi-automatic tumor detection methods lead to less fluctuation in results reported by specialists, but using them in greater clinics is time consuming and there would be a lot of differences between evaluation criteria. So it is essential to develop the automatic system to help the specialists in tumor detection. Here in this article an automatic system is presented to detect brain tumors. First some pre-processing operations are done on the brain images. Then a threshold-based method is used for brain tissue segmentation. After segmentation some features, such as Zernike are extracted and the important features are selected by Genetic Algorithm. At last, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used in order to classify the images under tumor existence or its absence. In this paper 1410 healthy pictures (without tumor) and 423 pictures with tumors (which are caused by different diseases) are chosen. The results show that the accuracy of proposed method is improved in comparison with some of the most related methods, in literatures.


Management talents play very important role in media market who are needed urgently.The vocational colleges are required to adjust the talent training scheme and offer reasonable and updated courses in order to train the media talents with high quality.


Abstract The performance of a new Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion device using a cylindrical anode and two different cathode geometries, spherical and cylindrical, was compared to an existing IEC device with two different sized configurations of spherical anodes and cathodes. Experimental data was generated at -30 to -150 kilovolts, 30 milliamps steady-state, and 0.3 Pascal of Deuterium (D) and/or Helium-3 (3He). The best neutron rate achieved by the new device in a D environment was 2.7x107 neutrons per second at 145 kV and 35 mA. In a D-3He environment, the best proton rate achieved was 2.0x107 protons per second at 130 kV and 30 mA. Both the D-D neutron rate and the D-3He proton rate were approximately 40% lower than the larger volume existing IEC device.


We propose a model for eukaryotic gene regulaion in which a variable electric field at the nuclear periphery, caused by a potential difference across the inner nuclear membrane, controls macroraolecular interactions, including those between DNA and regulatory proteins. Evidence for the existence of a nuclear membrane potential and DNA contact with the nuclear periphery is presented. The suggestion is made that each cell type is characterized by a specific magnitude of nuclear membrane potential.


Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a serious threat for information and communication technologies (ICT) in military or civilian applications. In ICT system, EMP can result in physical destruction of hardware and data errors. Since conductive sheets for EMP protection have been developed recently, it is necessary to verify the shielding effectiveness (SE) of the materials. This paper analyzes the low-frequency (10 kHz - 10 MHz) magnetic SE measurement results of conductive sheets. There are two SE measurement methods. One is an aperture method to measure material's SE, and the other is a final performance measurement method that use facility with conductive sheet. The aperture measurement environment is analyzed through analytic calculation and SE measurement of the aperture according to its sizes. Based on this, the magnetic SE of the conductive sheet bound to the aperture of several sizes is measured. In order to verify the aperture measurement environment, a test facility made of conductive sheet is constructed, and the two measurement results are compared.


China is the biggest pork producer and consumer in the world.Pork quality safety directly related with millions of consumers' health,as well as the stable and persistent development of Chinese pig industry.This paper discussed primarily the reasons and orientation levels and some key issues in pork quality safety standard orientation.


In our study of the WN+OB binary LSS 1964 = WR 29 (Niemela & Gamen 2000), we detected an absorption line at λ ∼ 5203Å, which we identified as Niv (cf. Striganov & Sventitskii 1968). This absorption line had been observed previously in the spectra of two Of stars, namely ζ Puppis (Baschek & Scholz 1971) and HD 14947 (Underhill & Gilroy 1990). To our surprise we found that this Niv absorption line belongs to the WN component of the WR 29 binary system. We therefore decided to study the behaviour of this line in the spectra of other WR and early O-type stars. Spectra of WN and O type stars were secured with the 2.15-m telescope at Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito (CASLEO), San Juan, Argentina, with the Cassegrain REOSC spectrograph , using a TEK CCD as detector. The spectra have a reciprocal dispersion of ∼ 1.8 Å pixel and a wavelength coverage of ∼ λλ 3850 – 5450 Å. We observed 60 WN stars and 10 O stars. The subtype (Smith et al. 1996) distribution of the WN stars is the following: 37 WNo, 4 WN(h), and 19 WNh. All the spectra were processed with IRAF. We measured the equivalent width (EW) of Niv 5203Å in all the observed spectra. We found Niv 5203Å in absorption in WN stars of the Carina Region, namely WR 22 (WN7h+O9IIIV), WR 24 (WN6ha) and WR 25 (WN6ha). In the known WN+O binary system WR 22, the Niv absorption line shows radial velocity variations which are in phase with the Heii emission line. Thus, also in WR 22 the Niv absorption arises in the atmosphere of the WN component. The photospheric absorption line of Niv 5203 Å in the spectra of WN type components of binary systems probably represents better the orbital motion than the emission lines arising in the stellar wind. In general, we have found that Niv 5203 Å is observed as a photospheric absorption line in stars with early O-type and WNh type spectra. In stars with WN(h) and WNo type spectra, a P-Cygni type profile or an emission line appears. The absorption line


Mesoporous titania−silica (TiO2−SiO2) composites have been directly synthesized through a hydrothermal method in weak acidic conditions by using TiCl3 solution as a titanium source and triblock copolymer P123 (EO20PO70EO20) as a template with the assistance of zinc acetate. Characterizations by XRD, TEM, and N2 sorption measurements show that highly ordered mesostructured TiO2−SiO2 with the BET specific area of 882 m2/g was obtained with the Ti/Si molar ratio of 0.1. Morphology of the composites can be controlled by the incorporation of different amounts of titanium species. Highly curved shapes such as winding, worm-like, and wheat grain-like particles were obtained by this direct synthetic method. Acidity and zinc acetate concentration can also affect the morphology of the composites. UV−vis, FTIR and 29Si MAS NMR results display that titanium species exist both in the framework and extra-framework of the mesoporous SiO2. Wide angle XRD, Raman, and HRSEM results show that the outer surface of the SiO2 (...


Abstract : The Second Interim Report - Part 2 presents the results of a design analysis and design of a very compact high performance, 10 MW MHD generator system. The basis for this work has been firmly established by past MHD research and development programs including the most recent MHD Research and Development work reported in this Second Interim Report - Part I. The system being designed has a target dry weight for the total system of 1800 to 2200 kg. The design analysis and a study of fabrication techniques have led to novel designs for the components of the 10 MW MHD generator system which are reviewed in detail in the report. (Author)


As the development of 3D sensors, registration of 3D data (e.g. point cloud) coming from different kind of sensor is dispensable and shows great demanding. However, point cloud registration between different sensors is challenging because of the variant of density, missing data, different viewpoint, noise and outliers, and geometric transformation. In this paper, we propose a method to learn a 3D descriptor for finding the correspondent relations between these challenging point clouds. To train the deep learning framework, we use synthetic 3D point cloud as input. Starting from synthetic dataset, we use region-based sampling method to select reasonable, large and diverse training samples from synthetic samples. Then, we use data augmentation to extend our network be robust to rotation transformation. We focus our work on more general cases that point clouds coming from different sensors, named cross-source point cloud. The experiments show that our descriptor is not only able to generalize to new scenes, but also generalize to different sensors. The results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully aligns two 3D cross-source point clouds which outperforms state-of-the-art method.


Abstract We present cna , a package for performing Coincidence Analysis (CNA). CNA is a config-urational comparative method for the identification of complex causal dependencies—in particular,causal chains and common cause structures—in configurational data. After a brief introduction to themethod's theoretical background and main algorithmic ideas, we demonstrate the use of the packageby means of an artificial and a real-life data set. Moreover, we outline planned enhancements of thepackage that will further increase its applicability. Introduction Configurational comparative methods (CCMs) subsume techniques for the identification of complexcausal dependencies in configurational data using the theoretical framework of Boolean algebra andits various extensions (Rihoux and Ragin,2009). For example, Qualitative Comparative Analysis(QCA;Ragin,1987,2000,2008)—hitherto the most prominent representative of CCMs—has beenapplied in areas as diverse as business administration (e.g.,Chung,2001), environmental science(van Vliet et al.,2013), evaluation (Cragun et al.,2014), political science (Thiem,2011), public health(Longest and Thoits,2012) and sociology (Crowley,2013). Besides three stand-alone programs basedon graphical user interfaces, three R packages for QCA are currently available, each with a differentscope of functionality:


Abstract– Sacramento Wash 005 (SaW) 005, Meteorite Hills 00428 (MET) 00428, and Mount Howe 88403 (HOW) 88403 are S‐rich Fe,Ni‐rich metal meteorites with fine metal structures and homogeneous troilite. We compare them with the H‐metal meteorite, Lewis Cliff 88432. Phase diagram analyses suggest that SaW 005, MET 00428, and HOW 88403 were liquids at temperatures above 1350 °C. Tridymite in HOW 88403 constrains formation to a high‐temperature and low‐pressure environment. The morphology of their metal‐troilite structures may suggest that MET 00428 cooled the slowest, SaW 005 cooled faster, and HOW 88403 cooled the quickest. SaW 005 and MET 00428 contain H‐chondrite like silicates, and SaW 005 contains a chondrule‐bearing inclusion that is texturally and compositionally similar to H4 chondrites. The compositional and morphological similarities of SaW 005 and MET 00428 suggest that they are likely the result of impact processing on the H‐chondrite parent body. SaW 005 and MET 00428 are the first recognized iron‐ and sulfide‐rich meteorites, which formed by impact on the H‐chondrite parent body, which are distinct from the IIE‐iron meteorite group. The morphological and chemical differences of HOW 88403 suggest that it is not from the H‐chondrite body, although it likely formed during an impact on a chondritic parent body.


PAKISTAN'S inclination to seek sympathy and support of third countries in its disputes with India has brought her quite close to China. First, she inclined towards the United States of America and Britain, then towards the USA and China and more recently towards Iran, the USA and China. But among these, China has been considered the most trustworthy and reliable friend by Pakistan. Thus, 'China has for some years been the coronerstone of Pakistan's foreign policy' and hcr 'support of Pakistan at crucial points... has evoked the spontaneous appreciation' oil the Pakistanis.I I


Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) lesion represents one of the most dramatic injuries in a football (soccer) player's career. There are many injury risk factors related to intrinsic (non-modifiable) and/or extrinsic (modifiable) factors of ACL-injury. To date, evidence from the literature suggests that the risk of ACL-injury is multifactorial and involves biomechanical, anatomical, hormonal, and neuromuscular factors. Despite this relative complexity, the mechanisms of injury are well known and rationally classified into two categories: mechanisms of injury based on contact or on non- contact with another player, with the non-contact injury mechanisms clearly prevailing over the mechanisms of contact injury. One of the most frequent biomechanical risk factors, associated with ACL non-contact injury, is represented by the valgus knee in the pivoting and cutting movements and in the landing phase after jumping. Gender related risk factors show female populations to have a higher predisposition to ACL-injury than males However, there are still some theoretical and practical aspects that need further investigation such as; genetic risks together with the role of oestrogen and progesterone receptors in female populations, and the in vivo interaction shoe- playing surface. In particular, the genetic risk factors of ACL lesion seem to be an interesting and promising field of investigation, where considerable progress has still to be made. This narrative review provides an insight into the risk factors of ACL-injury that could be used by practitioners for preventing injury in football (soccer).


Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin is obtained by coimmobilizing hemoglobin and sodium montmorillonite at a pyrolytic electrode surface. Hemoglobin maintains most of its native structure in the film. This modified electrode shows high stability and enzyme-like catalytic activity.


The paper introduces the railway construction organization design features at present,and analyzes the relationship between construction organization and pricing and business bidding.Arrangement of construction order and laying-out of big temporary working site are considered as the key and difficulty in construction organization design.On this basis,the paper focuses on the limitation and shortage of the enterprises related to idea and tech-nology when they expand the railway market and set about construction organization design,and makes recommen-dations accordingly.


Clustering is one of the fundamental data analysis techniques, which aims to find distinct groups of similar objects and discovers hidden structures in data. A recent clustering approach, clustering ensembles tries to derive an improved clustering solution based on previously generated different candidate clustering solutions. Clustering ensembles have two steps: generating multiple candidate clustering solutions from the data and forming a final clustering solution from previously generated candidate clustering solutions. A problem of the first step is the text representation, where word frequencies are often used as features. Other semantic information of the text such as topics, hypertext, etc are ignored. The problem for the second step is that the current popular median partition approach selects one clustering solution from previously generated candidate clustering solutions. A common clustering ensemble approach uses word frequencies as features to represent text data (documents). However, documents usually contain semantically rich information i.e. words, hypertext, titles, topics etc. The cluster ensemble approach ignores the semantic information of the documents and hence is prone to produce futile groupings of the documents. In this research work, we present a new multi-objective clustering ensemble method based on Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA-II). Our method utilizes the semantic information (rich features) to address the first problem of clustering ensembles. The cluster oriented evolutionary approach which derives the final clustering solution by selecting better quality clusters is in the second step of our method to address the second problem. The results show that our new method provides better results than other clustering ensemble methods.


The interest for this study stemmed from the fact that some of the reinforcement detailing in existing reinforced concrete bridge columns do not satisfy the seismic provisions of recent editions of AASHTO (1992 and 1996) because of the changes that took place in such requirements from the previous editions. The objective of this study was to determine the implications of recent changes in AASHTO with respect to the question of the need for any seismic retrofit of the existing bridge inventory in Pennsylvania. Seven bridges were selected as prototype bridges with a variety of pier and column types including circular and rectangular columns, hammerhead piers, wall piers, and double, triple, and five-column bents. The conditions of the selected bridges were evaluated based on visiting the sites, checking reinforcement details, performing elastic finite element analysis of the bridges using the SEISAB computer program, performing static nonlinear pushover analysis of selected bents, and conducting a comprehensive literature review of available test results on columns with deficient detailing. The elastic analysis results showed that some columns were overstressed for earthquake ground acceleration input of 0.15g if a response modification factor (R-factor) of 1.0 is used. Based on the pushover analysis results, displacement ductility factors and corresponding R-factors of larger than 1.0 were estimated. The study has determined that if splice lengths at potential plastic hinge areas are sufficient based on the current AASHTO requirements, then the existing transverse reinforcement, i.e., #4 at 12 in., is not critical with respect to the need for seismic retrofit considering the AASHTO prescribed ground accelerations in Pennsylvania.


Background: during the last few decades, the health-care professionals process of formation has had an accelerated transformation. No doubts, the use of the simulation in medical teaching has contributed to strengthen the learning process and to raise its quality. Objective: characterizing the knowledge on the simulation and its use the In-term-training for Medicine professors at the scenes of formation of Primary Health Care. Methods : a pedagogic investigation that included 48 professors linked to In-term-train ing of the Medicine career at the scenes of Primary Health Care; to the ones, an opinion poll was applied. Five informants were interviewed. It was examined: years of experience, knowledge and use of the simulation. Results: it was detected that only the 56, 25 % knows the resource of simulation and only the 48% uses it. The frequency of utilization of the simulation in in-term-training evidenced that the 30, 76% of professors have always used this resource, while the 61.53 % utilizes it only most of the time. Conclusions: The professors present insufficiencies in knowledge on the simulation. Not all the ones that know the simulation utilize it in in-term-training, and those who use it do not do it at all of the spaces or scenes that he propitiates the formation of the General Practitioner in the context of Primary Health Care.


The biological or medical approach views mental illness as if it were a disease or physical defect in the brain or body. Within the social approach, there are three dominant theories of mental illness etiology: stress theory, structural strain theory and labeling theory. This chapter describes each theory's basic concepts and assumptions, theoretical limitations and advantages, and implications for treating or preventing mental illness. According to stress theory, when events and strains accumulate in people's lives, they can overwhelm people's psychosocial resources and abilities to cope and then generate symptoms of psychological disorder. Labeling theory picks up at this point and suggests that frequent, severe, or highly visible symptoms or symptoms exhibited by those with little social prestige or power, can launch a victimizing process. Societal reactions to symptoms may result in the person's receiving a formal psychiatric diagnosis, becoming hospitalized, and, ultimately, accepting a mental patient identity.


This study is to look at the effect for deformation of Polyethylene, on the wave forms produced by tensile test. Signals collected were then classified visually into three types according to their shapes in the time and frequency domain. Each type should contain signals which could be correlated to a certain micro failure mechanism that occurs during the tensile process. The result showed that the acoustic emission method could be effectively used for analysis of fracture mechanism in Polyethylene structures.


Homogenates of the mid gut and digestive glands of Rhynchosciara angelae were prepared in 40% sucrose, with and without 0·5% Triton-X-100. These were subjected to disc electrophoresis and zymograms for esterases and alkaline phosphatase were prepared. In both groups the effect of Triton-X-100 was to increase the electrophoretic mobility of the enzymes concerned.


SUMMARY Antipsychotic drugs are associated with movement disorders, especially with long-term use. Tardive dyskinesia, a condition characterised by repetitive involuntary muscle activity, is considered to be the most chronic, distressing and disabling of antipsychotic-associated movement disorders. There is theoretical justification for the use of cholinergic drugs in tardive dyskinesia, and they are used in clinical practice. A Cochrane systematic review synthesised randomised controlled trial data evaluating the effectiveness of cholinergic drugs for tardive dyskinesia, and for a range of secondary outcomes, including quality of life. In line with the authors of the review, this Commentary concludes that much higher-quality evidence on the use of cholinergic drugs in tardive dyskinesia is necessary, and that a patient with tardive dyskinesia should be offered the opportunity to try a newer cholinergic drug, ideally in the context of a well-conducted and reported clinical trial. At the same time, given uncertainty regarding clinical effectiveness, and in view of their accepted adverse effects, it would be understandable if a person with tardive dyskinesia decided to avoid cholinergic drugs. DECLARATION OF INTEREST None.


The Java platform provides a fully fledged programming environment for graphics applications using the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT). We present a power-aware basis profile of the Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) for embedded applications. The low-power basis profile (LPBP) is responsive to backlight luminance scaling in such a way that dynamic adjustment of the backlight luminance is accompanied by adaptive image compensation. The proposed scheme performs aggressive backlight dimming while maintaining the readability of screen contents based on image compensation techniques such as brightness compensation, image enhancement and context processing. Experiments show that on average the LPBP can easily achieve approximately 30% backlight system power reduction.


The long-standing conceptual controversies concerning the interpretation of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics are argued, on one hand, to be due to its incompleteness, as affirmed by Einstein. But on the other hand, it appears to be possible to complete it at least partially, as Bohr might have appreciated it, in the framework of its standard mathematical formalism with observables as appropriately defined self-adjoint operators. This completion of quantum mechanics is based on the requirement on laboratory physics to be effectively confined to a bounded space region and on the application of the von Neumann deficiency theorem to properly define a set of self-adjoint extensions of standard observables, e.g. the momenta and the Hamiltonian, in terms of certain isometries on the region boundary. This is formalized mathematically in the setting of a boundary ontology for the so-called Qbox in which the wave function acquires a supplementary dependence on a set of Additional Boundary Variables (ABV). It is argued that a certain geometric subset of the ABV parametrizing Quasi-Periodic Translational Isometries (QPTI) has a particular physical importance by allowing for the definition of an ontic wave function, which has the property of epitomizing the spatial wave function "collapse." Concomitantly the standard wave function in an unbounded geometry is interpreted as an epistemic wave function, which together with the ontic QPTI wave function gives rise to the notion of two-wave duality, replacing the standard concept of wave-particle duality. More generally, this approach to quantum physics in a bounded geometry provides a novel analytical basis for a better understanding of several conceptual notions of quantum mechanics, including reality, nonlocality, entanglement and Heisenberg's uncertainty relation. The scope of this analysis may be seen as a foundational update of the multiple versions 1.x of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, which is sufficiently incremental so as to be appropriately characterized as Copenhagen 2.0.


Bioindication using morphological indicators of plant leaves is an urgent direction for a quick and inexpensive assessment of environmental pollution. Karaganda region is an industrial region with a high level of emissions due to the activities of mining and metallurgical enterprises. The purpose of this paper to study the morphometric indicators of Pinus sylvestris needles collected in various places of growth in the Karaganda region (Central Kazakhstan): the cities of Karaganda, Temirtau, Satpayev, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan, Ulytau village. This article presents the study results of morphometric indicators of pine needles with an assessment of the appearance, length, width, thickness of needles, and average rotation around its own axis. It is found that in more contaminated areas, minimum values of sheet length and width, maximum values of average rotation around the axis, and the coefficient of variation of features are observed. Maximum values of sheet length and width, minimum degree of variation of studied features are noted in low-polluted areas. The thickness of the sheet does not reveal a reliable difference in the variants of the experience. The obtained data can be used for bioindication of environmental pollution.


COMPASS is a fixed target experiment at CERN's SPS. In 2002, a first physics run was completed with 260 TB of data recorded, corresponding to 5 billion events. The data acquisition architecture is based on custom frontends, buffers based on PCI cards, and server PCs networked via Gigabit Ethernet. A custom timing and trigger distribution system provides unique event identification and time synchronization. Results on the performance of the system and an outlook to improvements using online filtering will be given.


OBJECTIVE
To study the relationship of stroke and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and the mutation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene.

METHODS
Three hundred patients with stroke were included as the case group in this study while 300 subjects without stroke matched with the case group for sex and age were collected as the control group. Plasma Hcy level was measured using HPLC and MTHFR 667C-->T mutant was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment analysis. The relationship of stroke and plasma Hcy level and the mutation of MTHFR gene was then analysed.

RESULTS
The plasma Hcy level of the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (16.92 +/- 3.43 micromol/L vs. 14.57 +/- 2.59 micromol/L, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in mutation rate of MTHFR C677T between stroke group and control group (P >0.05), as well as between ischemic stroke group and homorrhagic stroke group (P >0.05). The mutation of MTHFR C677T had no significant influence on the Hcy level (15.28 +/- 2.17 micromol/L vs. 15.11 +/- 3.81 micromol/L, P >0.05).

CONCLUSION
Increased plasma Hcy level played an important role in the occurrence of stroke in Chinese people, and the mutation of MTHFR C677T was not associated with Hcy level or stroke which led to the speculation that plasma Hcy level was important in the prevention of cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases among Chinese people.


Shakespeare: Iconic or relevant? Martin Blocksidge Making Shakespeare our contemporary: Teaching Romeo and Juliet at Key Stage 3 Sue Gregory New Town Shakespeare: A Comprehensive Approach to Shakespeare at Key Stages 3 and 4 Elaine Harris Shakespeare at Eton Joseph Francis Shakespeare 16-19 Sean McEvoy Teaching Shakespeare in Higher Education Tiffany Stern Shakespeare at the Centre: the Educational Work of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust Catherine Alexander


During the COVID-19 pandemic, not only emergency physicians but also all healthcare work-ers faced the risk of nosocomial infection. In our hospital, all the physicians, including anesthesi-ologists and intensivists, performed tracheal intubation on COVID-19 patients. Initially, an open-type intubation box was used for the tracheal intubation of COVID-19 patients to prevent infection and spread of contamination to the surrounding area, but problems, such as aerosol leakage to the surrounding area, arose. Therefore, we had to find a new strategy for intubation and de-velop a new device. Faced with such a situation, Toho University, in collaboration with a dust mask company, has developed a disposable intubation box with a high-performance filter that adds a strong negative pressure. In this paper, we would like to summarize the development process from the perspective of nosocomial infection prevention.


To determine the influence of copper (Cu) supplementation at two dietary levels and flavomycin on the mineral concentrations in plasma and tibia, a feeding experiment was carried out with 160 day old broiler chicks (VenCobb 400) for a period of 42 days. The birds were divided into four treatment groups (T1 to T4) with four replicates of ten chicks in each. Statistical analysis revealed significant (P<0.01) difference in plasma Ca, P, Cu and, Fe concentrations among the treatment groups T1, T2, T3 and T4. The result indicates that the supplementation of either copper or flavomycin had a positive influence on the mineral concentrations of both plasma and tibia in broilers.


Abstract Analytical calculations of power-law damage and ionization distributions, done earlier for equal projectile and target-atom masses, are extended to the unequal-mass case, in which the integral equations are inhomogeneous. (The unequal-mass range distribution is given by a homogeneous equation, and so was treated in the earlier work.) More terms are necessary in the asymptotic expansion of the Mellin transform of the distribution than for the homogeneous case; these expansions are given explicitly. The large-depth asymptotic behaviour of the distributions is determined by the projectile range or by the range of the highest-energy recoils, whichever is the greater. Some calculated distributions are shown.


Standard cooperative game theory deals with players, assuming that each
player has its own characteristics. Nevertheless, in most cases, players can and
should be gathered in groups. We present a model in which players belong
to groups and the characteristic function captures this reality. Therefore the
characteristic function is defined over a lattice.
Several concepts, such as the core or the Weber set are presented, and also
the corresponding Shapley value. Convexity is also studied, wich leads to a
special class of functions.


Abstract In the current study, an assessment of the melt-compounding approach upon the behavior of blast furnace slag (BFS) filled polypropylene (PP) is reported. Two melt-compounding technologies are compared in terms of thermodynamic considerations as well as final behavior of the produced compounds. For this comparison, three PP-BFS formulations are introduced, where non-treated BFS is melt-mixed with PP via (1) internal lab mixer (IM) and (2) co-rotating twin-screw compounder (TSC). PP-BFS compounds from both processes are formed into plates via compression molding, characterized and tested for rheological, thermal and mechanical behavior. Processing parameters were evaluated for both processes such as specific shear work, residence time and shear rates. In addition, the rheological, thermal and mechanical behavior of comparable compounds are evaluated. The calculated specific shear work values for IM and TSC are 0.15 and 0.1 kW · h · kg−1. Calculated residence time for TSC is 55 s. Regarding the rheological behavior, it was found that melt mixing via both technologies did not show major differences in complex viscosity or storage- and loss moduli values. DSC findings show that crystallization and melting temperatures of IM- and TSC formulations are comparable. Decreased strain values are noticed for TSC compounds, while tensile modulus is found to be independent of process variation.


Background: Patients with permanent atrial fibrillation have a clearly higher risk for thromboembolic events than people with sinus rhythm. Because also anticoagulant therapy, which is the therapy of choice in chronic atrial fibrillation, has its risks, intra operative ablation therapy as a concomitant procedure has become more and more important. Nevertheless this option is not available for all patients and little is known whether the operation by its self is able to restore sinus rhythm and about the fate of these patients. Therefore we created a registry to follow the clinical course of patients with atrial fibrillation after heart surgery. Method: All consecutive patients with permanent atrial fibrillationwho were operated in our center and who were not eligible for ablation therapy were included into the registry. The patients were monitored up to postoperative month 12 with regard to their clinical outcome especially rhythm course and survival. These data were evaluated during in-hospital visits 30, 90, 180 and 360 days after operation. Results: A total of 287 (151 male/136 female) consecutive patients with permanent atrial fibrillation were included into the registry. During the follow-up period, approximately 10% of the patients converted to sinus rhythm. 13 patients, or 4.9%, were in stable sinus rhythm, which means that they were in sinus rhythm at every follow-up visit. 30-day mortality was 6.9% (20 of 286 patients) while it was 14.9% after one year (43 of 263 patients). Of the 13 patients who were in stable sinus rhythm after one year, only one patient died (7.7%), while of the 185 patients who where still in atrial fibrillation 43 died (23.2%). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that also correction of the heart disease by it self is able to restore sinus rhythm in a few patients. Nevertheless the rate of patients with continuous atrial fibrillation was approximately 90%, the rate of stable sinus rhythm, which is suspected to improve prognosis was only 4.9%. Therefore, an attempt to treat atrial fibrillation with intra operative ablation therapy is strongly justified, respecting the fact that, even if conservatively calculated, a success rate of at least 50% can be accomplished. We believe, that this applies even for endocardial and for the epicardial approach. 278 M. Knaut, S. Norkus, S. M. Tugtekin, S. Brose, F. Jung, K. Matschke with intelectual limited capacity without an appropriate social sphere, which in the meantime represent a large portion of patients scheduled for heart surgery [14, 20]. Overdosage poses a risk of hemorrhages [21], whereas underdosage can lead to thromboembolic complications. Additionally, even adequate anticoagulation therapy is not a guarantee of adequate protection [1]. Since only an insufficient amount of data currently exist regarding whether heart surgery alone i.e. bypass and/or valve operations leads to a spontaneous recovery of sinus rhythm, a prospective case study was performed including a sufficiently large group of patients who underwent operations without specific operative antiarrhythmic therapy with preoperative atrial fibrillation. These patients were monitored for up to 12 months postoperatively with regard to rhythm course and survival.


The relationships between the responses to elevated CO2 of the vegetative and reproductive phase were investigated in radish, used as a test system. The hypothesis that an increase in nonfoliar vegetative storage capacity promotes reproductive output was tested. Three cultivars of Raphanus sativus and the wild, Raphanus raphanistrum, differing in root to shoot ratios, were grown under two levels of CO2 and two levels of nitrogen fertilization. Varieties possessed different strategies of carbon storage and showed distinct responses to CO2 at each vegetative harvest time. Vegetative sinks of hypocotyls, petioles, and young blades were enhanced by CO2. Nitrogen promoted vegetative shoot growth, but did not enhance the reproductive response to CO2. By the end of the reproductive phase, varieties did not differ in total biomass. Reproductive response to CO2 may have been limited by the lack of an effect on the timing of flowering. Correlations in CO2 enhancement ratios were examined in 12 traits of each phase....


To implement the latent code encoder E , we follow both the implementation and training strategy of e4e [15], which is a well-proven encoder architecture to map the input image into the distribution ofW+. We manipulate the output dimension of the encoder into R to fit in our method. For the camera pose estimator P , we manipulate the simple resnet34 [5] encoder to find theta and phi angles which are further calculated into the extrinsic matrix. In the case of dataset which has an additional roll angle component in the rotation such as cat faces, we choose the 6D rotation representation proposed by [17]. Although the target images are cropped and refined by [2], there exists an additional camera translation that euler angles cannot thoroughly define. Thus, we set an additional coordinate variance on the camera position as a learnable parameter. See supplementary for details and qualitative evaluation of additional translation.