which he refers, it is nevertheless possible that simpler and less difficult approaches than dust control in spinning mill processes could contribute to improvements in at least some developing countries. This opinion is based on findings on cotton growing and primary processing in Uganda between 1955 and 1971. The peasant grower would take his produce by bicycle to the buying shed or cotton ginnery where it was sold by weight. The ginneries (roller gins for processing high grade long staple cottons) sold their finished bales to the Lint Marketing Board to formulae that, among other things, assumed a certain ratio of baled, ginned, cotton weight to raw cotton weight purchased. There was, in consequence, an incentive to eliminate weight loss between picking and baling in at least two stages in the passage from grower to the user (the cotton spinner). Provided that the cotton buyer could be satisfied that the picked cotton was not unduly contaminated there was little incentive to the grower to be overwhelmingly concerned to eliminate bract fragments-at considerable extra trouble-in the picking, although it is understood that such carryover is less than in machine harvested cottons. More to the point is the situation in the ginnery. Here the first process of "opening" was intended mechanically to tease out the fibres to prepare them for the roller gins in which the lint was separated from the cotton seed. This provided the only, but potentially very effective, method of removing a proportion of dust contaminants-including, ofcourse, bract fragments-at any point between harvest and delivery to the spinning mill bale opening area. Exhaust ventilation on the cotton opener was an essential ingredient in its successful execution, and cotton openers were built as standard with the necessary fans and ductwork incorporated. These were fairly effective, but at the period described, it was considered that the optimum practicable performance was far from being achieved. Although, byssinosis in Uganda ginnery workers never became a problem-owing, it is generally believed, to the short term and seasonal exposures to cotton dustgood maintenance and proper operation of openers were, none the less, major ingredients in achieving a reasonably low dust atmosphere throughout the rest of the ginning processes. Whether or not they constituted a long term hazard to health, the dusty conditions that otherwise occurred in ginneries undoubtedly had adverse effects on the wellbeing of workers. Consequently opener function was kept under surveillance both by Lint Marketing Board inspectors concerned with national export product quality and by factories inspectors concerned with working conditions. Nevertheless, there was a commercial disincentive for the ginner to install openers with the most efficient possible dust removal arrangements, as shown by the necessity for the factories inspectorate to take court action against ginneries in which surreptitious means had been adopted to render the openers still less effective by making the exhaust system completely inoperative: visible contaminants in the lint could still be eliminated but the microscopic fragments of the dust content were not, so that the net outturn of baled cotton was somewhat higher than should have been the case. Profit margins could thereby be increased, but in consequence unsatisfactory dust concentrations resulted elsewhere in the ginnery. In answer to Parikh's comments, therefore, I suggest that whereas it may be difficult to devise a system to give incentive to growers to reduce bract content in the picked cotton, simple improvements can be made in ginnery openers. Adequate regulatory surveillance of their function, while further improving dust conditions and wellbeing of ginnery workers, might also result in the baled cotton that proceeds to spinning mills having a content of byssinosis generating material sufficiently low that any further dust control measures are unnecessary. At the least, this would permit the use of less sophisticated devices of lower efficiency in achievement ofadequate working conditions. It is recognised that this approach may only be effective in cotton growing areas where cotton is hand picked and roller ginning is practised, and that it may only be workable where the marketing procedures have been adjusted to take account of effects on economic returns throughout the progression from field to finished yarn. GERALD V C(OL,ES Occupational Hygiene Unit, D)eakin University, Geelong, Victoria .?217, Australia Renal and immunological effects of occupational exposure to inorganic mercury


The present invention relates to a reaction container and a method for producing the reaction container, and provides a low-cost reaction container which is capable of integrally, quickly and efficiently performing a process that includes a reaction such as extraction or amplification of a nucleic acid, while saving user's trouble without increasing the scale of the device. The reaction container is configured to comprise one or more container units for reaction, each of said container unit comprising: a narrow-mouthed tube part which contains or is capable of containing some or all of a reaction reagent; a wide-mouthed tube part which communicates with the narrow-mouthed tube part and is arranged above the narrow-mouthed tube part, while having an opening that is larger than the opening of the narrow-mouthed tube part; and a perforatable film which is arranged so as to provide a partition between the narrow-mouthed tube part and the wide-mouthed tube part.


Ice formation appears to a dominant factor controlling the lifecycle of Arctic mixed-phase clouds. To date, our understanding of ice formation in these long-lasting cloud structures does not explain the formation of observed ice amounts. Particularly puzzling are observations taken from the 2004 Mixed-Phase Arctic Clouds Experiment (M-PACE) at the ARM North Slope of Alaska site (NSA) which show continuous mixed-phase clouds present with only minimal ice forming nuclei (IN) available. In-situ measurements of both ice particle and IN concentrations show IN concentrations multiple orders of magnitude lower than the ice particle concentrations. This discrepancy leads to the belief that certain classical nucleation mechanisms, such as contact, condensation and deposition freezing are not primarily responsible for ice production, as all require free IN for activation. Immersion freezing is not included with this grouping, however, as it is unclear whether immersed IN would be observed at all with instruments commonly used to measure IN concentrations, such as the Continuous Flow Diffusion Chamber (CFDC).


For the multisensor descriptor systems with correlated measurement noises and unknown noise variances, a self-tuning full-order weighted measurement fusion (WMF) Kalman filter is presented. First, based on the controlled autoregressive moving average innovation model of the multisensor descriptor systems, the consistent estimates of the unknown noise variances are obtained applying correlation function method. A compressed measurement equation for the multisensor descriptor systems is obtained by the WMF method, and an optimal full-order WMF descriptor Kalman filter is given. Based on the optimal full-order WMF Kalman filter and the estimates of noise variances, a self-tuning full-order WMF Kalman filter with the self-tuning descriptor Riccati equation is presented. By the dynamic variance error system analysis method, it is proven that the solution of the self-tuning descriptor Riccati equation converges to the solution of the optimal descriptor Riccati equation. Then, the convergence of the presented self-tuning full-order WMF Kalman filter is proven. A simulation example of a six-sensor descriptor system verifies the effectiveness and convergence of the presented algorithms.


TITLE OF THESIS : A Simulation to Decompose Non-Product Form Queueing Lattices Through Autorouting with A* Algorithm Name: Chun-Chang Yu Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Thesis Directed by : Dr. Irving Wang Direct solution techniques are expensive for the state transition lattice of a class of non-product form queueing modes. In this thesis, autorouting with A* algorithm is adapted to decompose it as solvable subsets which can be solved sequentially and independently. Autorouting with A* algorithm is heuristics in problem solving. It also is one of a class of global optimization problems that are difficult to solve. Some queueing modes of type A will be decomposed in this thesis through aAutorouting with A* algorithm.


Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis. It is also one of the most vascularized human tumors. The anti-angiogenesis agent bevacizumab (BEV) is the only US FDA approved agent for recurrent GBM. Given the high resistance of GBM to current therapies and the failure of BEV to prolong overall survival, new therapeutic agents are in urgent need. Selinexor is a first-in-class oral inhibitor of nuclear export protein Exportin 1 (XPO1/CRM1), it readily crosses the blood-brain-barrier and demonstrates anti-cancer activity in various hematological and solid tumors. Selinexor can attenuate multiple cancer hallmarks simultaneously, anti-angiogenesis is one of the many anti-cancer mechanisms that selinexor has. In a phase 2 clinical trial of recurrent GBM, selinexor monotherapy demonstrated clinically relevant disease control with manageable side effects (Lassman 2021 Clin Cancer Res). We tested mouse xenograft models of GBM to evaluate the anti-GBM effects of selinexor and BEV.
 Methods: Thirty-two female nude mice with subcutaneously implanted U87MG xenografts were allocated to four treatment groups of eight mice: vehicle control, selinexor, BEV, and the selinexor and BEV combination. Selinexor was given via oral gavage at 15 mg/kg once a week on Mondays, and BEV was given at 2.5 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection every three days, starting on Monday, for four weeks. Tumor volume and body weight of test mice were monitored throughout the experiment. Xenograft tumor samples were collected at the end of the study for gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry tests.
 Results: Selinexor and BEV significantly inhibited tumor growth as single agents relative to controls, at Day 26, tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 54.1% (p<0.0001) and 64.0% (p<0.0001), respectively. The combination of the two agents almost completely inhibited tumor growth, with a TGI of 95% (p<0.0001). Gene expression analysis showed that genes involved in angiogenesis were significantly downregulated in tumor samples collected from mice treated with both agents and was more significant than in animals treated with BEV alone.
 Conclusions: Synergistic anti-GBM effects of selinexor and BEV are likely due to the enhanced inhibition of angiogenesis related genes. An ongoing GBM clinical trial (XPORT-GBM-029, NCT04421378) is investigating the therapeutic efficacy of selinexor and BEV combination.
 Citation Format: Leah Henegar, Hua Chang, Christopher J. Walker, Trinayan Kashyap, Marie Maloof, Feng Wang, Kathleen Martyn, Shira Orr, Sharon Tamir, Michael G. Kauffman, Sharon Shacham, Yosef Landesman. Synergistic anti-cancer effects of selinexor and bevacizumab in mouse xenograft models of glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6022.


Seamless handover process between macrocell and femtocell base stations is a major challenge of LTE femtocell-macrocell integrated system because the need of an efficient handover which can transfer User Equipment (UE) between femtocell and macrocell. The challenge facing today and future is to provide seamless handover initiation scheme and better signal strength to users because of the different LTE heterogeneous network. So, the deployment of femtocells can offload traffic from the LTE macro cellular to be managed by the femto cellular network. This research presents the handover performance when the femtocells are deployed on the macrocell heterogeneous network and also LTE femtocell-macrocell integrated network scheme for hand-in and hand-out handover process. The simulation results show a significant reduction in number of handover calls rate with the proposed scheme which can manage overloaded traffic in the LTE heterogeneous network.


The transtracheal inoculation of a mixture of anaerobic bacteria, with or without hydrochloric acid, into the lungs of mice caused nonlethal pneumonia and abscesses in a minority of challenged animals. All animals cleared organisms and recovered by 30 days. Secondary infection with Escherichia coli was common but did not affect the response to challenge with the anaerobes.


Particle-laden gas jets with Reynolds number of order 20000 were forced at fixed frequencies in order to excite periodic vortex ring structures. Particle-to-air mass Ioading ratio was varied from 4% to 50%, and the flow behavior was documented by flow visualization, number density measurements, and particle and gas velocity measurements. The experiments showed that a Stokes number based on particle inertial and vortex time scales was important in determining the degree of particle dustering and the rate of parti cle dispersion in free jets. The same Stokes number determined the degree of lag occurring between particles and vortices in the Stagnation zone of impinging jets. Vortex rings were found to persist in the free jet when the mass loading ratio was increased to 50%. However, PIV measurements demonstrated that downstream of the stagnation zone in impinging jets, vortices were weakened by mass loading ratios of only 4%.


There appeared the features of severe simplicity and closedness in the middle and late "Cultural Revolution" Literature and no successor of writer but many following new period writers joined in the writing of Cultural Revolution mainstream literature.The paper,from the perspective of the split-up and role-change of Cultural Revolution "above-the-ground" writer s,elaborates the transition from "Cultural Revolution" Literature to New Period Literature.


The security problem of the Web service is becoming the key problem for the Web service development and application. In this paper, it does a deep research on the security communication strategy of SOAP information, at the same time, describes identity validation and access control in detail. After that, it discusses a Web service security frame structure based on WS-Security technology. According to this, a Web service security model is designed, and all the modules and flows in this model are introduced in detail.


each section to deliver a short address. I say advisedly a short address, for it is abundantly manifest that if he is to air his own eloquence and erudition in a long one, it can only be at the expense of others who have given much time to the preparation of papers, which they naturally are desirous of hearing properly if not exhaustively discussed. The time at our disposal is all too short for the work undertaken, and we are within measurable distance of a change in our arrangements, by which we must have the different sections sitting simultaneously throughout the entire duration of the meeting. This is what is done at the British Association, the British Medical Association, and other kindred institutions. The question of the utility of such addresses has been much discussed, and opinions thereon are divided. When the address is bad in matter and tedious in delivcry, then it is an unmixed evil. But to suppose such a thing possible would be to pay but a poor compliment to the Council of this Institute,


Sovereign immunity — Foreign State-owned airline — Whether a department of foreign State — Whether immunity available if department a body corporate — Determination of the question whether airline a department of State — Waiver of immunity — Conduct amounting to waiver — Intervention to claim immunity — The law of India


Hidden Markov models assume that observations in time series data stem from some hidden process that can be compactly represented as a Markov chain. We generalize this model by assuming that the observed data stems from multiple hidden processes, whose outputs interleave to form the sequence of observations. Exact inference in this model is NP-hard. However, a tractable and effective inference algorithm is obtained by extending structured approximate inference methods used in factorial hidden Markov models. The proposed model is evaluated in an activity recognition domain, where multiple activities interleave and together generate a stream of sensor observations. It is shown to be more accurate than a standard hidden Markov model in this domain.


Putting on one side for a moment the attitude of the public, we would point out that optometrists arenot preparedto recognizetheir limitations. The titles of the papersread at the recent convention show that Its membersregard themselvesas competent to discussfar-reachingquestionsof general medicine. One speakeris reported in Th.e Sydney Morning Herald as havingstatedthat: "The foundations of modern optometrymust be laid on understandingof the generalprinciples and practicesof medicine." Anotherspeakeris reportedin the same journal as having stated,while discussingeyesand blood pressure,that: "The optometristmay thusact at times as a 'clearing house' for further advice, his province being not to give the non-optometric treatmentbut to direct the patient where he may obtain it." This statementcan betakenas nothing else than claiming for the optometrist the ability and the right to diagnosethe presence,if not the nature, of generalsystemicdisease. To deal with arrogancesuch as that shown by those who are evidently to be known asmodern optometristsis a difficult matter. The holding of conventionsand the publication of reports in the daily Presscannot fail to make an impressionon the susceptiblepublic mind. What is Deeded is a realizationby the public thatonly medically trained personsarecompetentto discoverdiseaseprocesses. In the second place, the public must be taughtthat the eye is often the seatof diseaseor the mirror in which diseaseis reflected. Themembersof the community must be made fully aware of the risk they takewhen they entrusttheir eyesightto pretentious persons untrained in medicine. The several ophthalmicsectionsof the Branchesof the British Medical Associationin Australia might unite with the OphthalmologicalSociety of New South Wales in this matter. All ethical meansof attractingthe public attention should be used, and in such an e«ort the help of schoolmedical officers should be sought; their opportunitiesfor doing propaganda work amongparentsof school children areunusual. Finally, the interestof the generalpractitioner in ophthalmic conditions must be aroused (postgraduatecommitteesmight take note of this) and he should be ready to cooperatewith his brother practitioner, the ophthalmic surgeon. Too often do generalpractitionerstell their patientsto have their eyes testedwithout telling them to whom to go and without seeingthat their adviceis followed. Leaving other considerations,general.praetitionerlf owe it to their patients to see that they are sent to someone who iscompetentto give advice. • €un,nt €ommmt.


In the period of their independence, Latin American countries faced the challenge of building a political order, in which the legitimacy of power would adjust to the new republican values. This important challenge required more than simple reforms. Indeed, important transformations in the existing political culture and social order were required for the constitution of a modern citizenship. This new political structure would serve as a foundation of future democracies in the region. The early summoning of a National Congress in Chile and the popular election of representatives are two steps that reflect the attempts to organize a country based upon popular sovereignty, territorial representation of the provinces and the not corporate exercise of power.


Iron oxide nanoparticles are utilised in a broad range of applications (magnetic data storage, biosensing, drug delivery, treatment and remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater); causing noticeable quantities of iron oxide nanoparticles to be released into the environment. In this study, aggregation and stability of iron oxide nanoparticles in water were investigated within the range of pH 3 – pH 9 at a constant concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles and humic acid. The pH of the solution was selected to be continuously monitored at pH 7 to investigate the transportation and deposition behaviour of iron oxide nanoparticles in porous media at different velocities. It was found that iron oxide nanoparticles were aggregated and settle down as settled particles at low pH (pH 3 – pH 5). Iron oxide nanoparticles were stable, mobile and transported at a high pH, which is the pH range of natural water (pH 6.5 – pH 8.5). Iron oxide nanoparticles were strongly attached to the silica sand at natural water velocity in porous media, which is 2.93 ml min 1. Overall, the presence of humic acid in aquifers and porous media, the pH range of natural water (pH 6.5 – pH 8.5) and the slow speed (2.93 ml min-1) of water are expected to be a key factor that enhances the stability and mobility of iron oxide nanoparticles in natural water and porous media.


Over the past decade, bipolar disorder in children has received increasing attention from the scientific community, media, and general public (see review by Lofthouse & Fristad, 2004). Although interest has grown, continued research is essential, as bipolar disorder in children often devastates family life, school functioning, and peer relationships. If left untreated, it may have a prolonged, highly relapsing course; be less responsive to treatment; and lead to legal difficulties, multiple hospitalizations, and increased rates of substance abuse and suicide (Findling, Kowatch, & Post, 2003; Geller et al., 2003). Despite the detrimental effects of bipolar disorder, few studies have examined the specific effects it has on academic performance, school behavior and peer functioning, clinical–educational implications, or treatment options. This chapter describes the presentation of bipolar disorder in children, its development, specific problems in the school environment, and interventions.


We report the synthesis of polyurethane-urea elastomers containing 1,2,4,5-tetrazine covalently reacted within the main chains of the polymers. Our study investigates the synthesis of 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (DAT), the polymerization reaction conditions for reacting DAT into the backbone of segmented polyurethane elastomers, and the metal-complexation capabilities of tetrazine-containing elastomers with cobalt (II) chloride. Tetrazines are highly colored and electro-active heterocyclic moieties, which have a very high electron affinity which make them reducible at high to very high potentials. Upon complexation with metals, we observed a strong color shift of the polymers from deep red to blue indicating the binding efficacy for the polymers. We quantified the metal-complexation capability of the tetrazine elastomers and determined a molar ratio of approximately two metal atoms per tetrazine allowing us to provide a plausible complexation mechanism for the active polymers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009


Seen from a Western perspective, contemporary Chinese cinema seems to be characterized by two interrelated dimensions: a positive tendency to formal experimentation and a stimulating – and maybe symptomatic – obsession with issues related to time. The purpose of my paper is to investigate the relationship between these two features utilizing a comparative approach. Time as an aesthetic object pervades Chinese cinema across genres and atmospheres, from drama to comedy, from thriller to documentary. Despite the differences between these kinds of movies, the theme conceals a sort of common key, which can be used to interpret Chinese culture and tastes. I will attempt to provide the semiotic schemes for comprehending how time is quantitatively and qualitatively created in a corpus of movies, also comparing them to their ideal counterparts in Western cinematography in order to pinpoint the reciprocal formal specificities. Mountains May Depart (山河故人 , Jia Zhangke 2015 ) splits itself in a sort of dialectic between past, present and future, and reflects on the trauma of separation; Black Coal, Thin Ice (白日焰火 , Diao Yinan 2014 ) combines the feel of noir movies with the materiality of time; A Touch of Sin (天注定 , Jia Zhangke 2013 ) juxtaposes four different spacetimes, uniting them with a violence which is highly metaphorical, as happens, for example, in the postmodern splatter of Quentin Tarantino; Mrs. Fang (Wang Bing, 2017 ) follows in a documentary frame the life of a woman affected by Alzheimer's disease, with a slow rhythm which clashes with the frenzy of modern life, configuring two


The present paper aims at building a regional programming model under such constraints as pollution level, harmonized composition of population in a comunity, compatibility of industrial settings and so on. Thus we try to find the welfare oriented optimal regional development plan.The procedure consists of the two phases. The first phase aims at excluding undesirable sites in the study area through technical, ecological, and sociological considerations. The second phase consists in assigning the optimal size and category of industries to each planning unit survived in the first phase test.The model adopted in the second phase is an investment optimization model as a generalization of cost-benefit analysis and is described by linear programming model, i.e. the resident_??_ social welfare (represented by total income) should be maximized under the constraints of incompatibility of industries, air and water pollution levels and desirable distribution of generation in comunities.The results of the computation shows that no feasible solutions exist as far as the actual pollutant emission coefficient and the actual environmental control level. Parametric programming procedure was, therefore, performed assuming various reduced levels of pollutant emission possibly realized through future technical innovation. Thus we the final results of the computations give a set of trade-off relations between resident' welfare and regional development plans.


Simple Summary Ovum pick up (OPU) methods play a significant role in oocyte collection worldwide and are the most efficient means of enhancing genetic advancement through maternal lines in cattle. The primary objective of this study was to establish an effective system for producing transferable embryos from high-quality cows using the OPU method. Oocytes were collected from Hanwoo cows, with one group administered follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and the untreated group serving as a control. The FSH group exhibited a higher proportion of grade A and B oocytes than those of the other grades, with most of the cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) at the germinal vesicle (GV) 2 stage. Additionally, the FSH group exhibited a significantly greater rate of blastocyst formation compared to the control group. The FSH group, after vitrification and in vitro culture, demonstrated superior re-expansion rates compared to the control group, showcasing the efficiency of FSH treatment in terms of embryo production, freezing, and preservation. Abstract The aim of this study was to devise an efficient technique for generating embryos from high-quality bovine females. Oocytes were collected from 20 control and 15 Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) females treated with the FSH. A combination of decreasing FSH doses (36, 36, 24, and 24 mg, 12 h apart), progesterone, estrogen, and prostaglandins were administered to synchronize and mildly stimulate the animals. The FSH-treated group (1125 oocytes) and control group (1022 oocytes) exhibited a higher proportion of grade A and B oocytes (88.2%) than the other grades (p < 0.05), with most at the germinal vesicle 2 stage (64.0%). Moreover, the FSH-treated group achieved a notably higher blastocyst rate (44.7%) compared to the control group (31.1%) (p < 0.05). After undergoing vitrification and in vitro culture (IVC) warming, embryos in the FSH group exhibited higher re-expansion rates (grade 1: 86.9%; grades 2 and 3: 57.9%) compared to those in the control (p < 0.05). This highlights the positive impact of FSH treatment on in vitro embryo production (IVEP) and the OPU rate.


Most of the oil and gas fields have been found in the past 10 yr. The oil and gas production of the Soviet Union comes from over 1,000 hydrocarbon deposits. These are situated in the 7 main basins: Volga-Ural, W. Siberia, middle Caspian, S. Caspian, Karakum, Dnieper-Donets, and Timano-Pechorsky. Each of these basins is discussed. West Siberia is considered to be the biggest producing areas of the future. The W. Siberian platform consists of terrigenous deposits of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Paleogene strata, and to a lesser degree of Neogene beds. The Triassic and Paleozoic are developed only in the basement troughs. The 5-km sedimentary cover is broken by some major uplifts, depressions, and troughs. The oil- and gas-bearing capacities of the basin were not established until 1953 with the discovery of the Beryozovo gas deposit on the Severo-Sosvinsky fault. Currently, over 75 oil and oil with gas deposits are known and 45 nonassociated gas deposits. The deposits of Jurassic and Cretaceous periods connected with local uplifts on the faults and in troughs, are also oil- and gas-bearing.


Recto-urinary fistulas are a rare event and their therapeutic management can be different. We present the case of a relapsing recto-vesical fistula, non-responsive to multiple therapeutic approaches, which was finally treated according to the York Mason technique to have immediate access to the fistula.


In 1953, Irvine described a syndrome of vitreous changes after cataract extraction associated in some cases with ''macular degeneration.'' This degeneration, he speculated, was likely due to vitreous traction on the macula, and he described an association with an ''irritation'' of the eye. Gass et al in 1966 described cystoid macular changes seen clinically and a pattern of fluorescein leakage observed in some patients weeks or months after cataract surgery. All of these characteristics describe the entity now well known as pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME). Though still far from complete, our understanding of this syndrome and our strategies for managing it have certainly grown over the intervening years. At the same time, as patient expectations for visual acuity outcomes after cataract extraction continue to rise, particularly with the use of ''premium'' intraocular lenses (IOLs), the level of tolerance for a decline in vision due to this surgical complication continues to decline. Though the precise mechanistic details underlying pseudophakic CME remain to be elucidated, 2 primary hypothetical components have been implicated in its pathogenesis. The first of these is ocular inflammation, as alluded to by Irvine's classical description of an ''irritated'' eye. This hypothesis has been supported by several points of evidence. In a comparative study of patients with bilateral cataract


In conditions of self-repayment and self-financing, the profit maximization and production efficiency increase become the main aim of enterprises. Under the impact of deflationary conditions and many other reasons, the prices fixation at a certain level is necessary for the maintenance of the effectual demand and supply. In this case, the effective system of production costs management becomes necessary for the maintenance of profitability level and reaching the high indicators of enterprise operations. The forecasting of leading economic indicators is an important operations direction of any sphere in modern economic conditions. The aim of this article is to research the impact of costs on the economic phenomena of enterprises of processing sphere and give the opportunity for their optimization. The theoretic, methodical, and application issues relating to the management of costs and their optimization at enterprises of processing sphere are the goal of the research. Methodology. In the article writing, the following methods were used: abstract-logical, monographic, economic and mathematical. Results. The enterprise costs are not only an indicator of its profitability determination, and an indicator, with the help of which there is a possibility to determine the enterprise's development level as well. It is stated that the basic mechanism of processing industry enterprises operation is a management system, and the costs management is one of the main functions of it. The development of measures for the production costs decrease is the main element of the costs management system at the enterprise. The search for suppliers of the reliable operating resources; manufactured products variety improvement; labour organization and selling improvement; labour efficiency increase; maximum involvement of additional income and available assets (lease of areas, not currently used by the business entity that will result in additional income and, thus, reduce the cost of maintenance of these premises or equipment); permanent control over the enterprise's costs; increase of efficiency of internal costs management, basing the timely and qualitative analysis are used for the purpose of optimization of the operational costs at enterprises of processing industry. Practical implications. The multicriteria optimization model of enterprise costs has been developed for the costs management at the enterprises of the processing industry. Its essence is to find the optimal plan for the production of sausage products and the volume of renewal of production resources in the conditions of limitation of production costs. The implementation of this model consists from three stages: 1) the volumes of production of sausage products, subject to search, are determined by the variables, with dual indexation; 2) the restrictions for the created model are determined; 3) the target functions of the created model are determined. Value/originally. The optimization of production costs and management of the output plan of the meat processing and packing plant products allows the provision of a rational structure of meat products and form the volumes of their renewal with the resources during the minimization of the deviation of a new production plan relative to current one.


The case is that of 69 year old female who went on vacation and fell on her knees. She noticed progressive swelling of both legs over 2 weeks duration. During this period she gained 44 pounds in weight. She presented with sudden onset of edema of the lower extremity and weigh gain. She had 16 g/day of proteinuria. Past medical history is significant of hypertension of unknown duration. She had never seen a doctor in the last year. Her laboratory data showed 30 grams protein in 24 hrs urine, and her serum creatinine was 1.7 mg/dl. The baseline serum creatinine was not known.


Natalizumab (NTZ) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against a4-integrin expressed on the surface of white blood cells (WBC). NTZ inhibits the binding of WBC to the vascular endothelial adhesion molecule1 (VCAM-1) of endothelial cells and the migration of WBCs across the blood–brain barrier. In relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, clinical trials with NTZ treatment showed marked inhibition of relapses and active lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by the John Cunningham polyomavirus (JCV), however, is a serious opportunistic brain infection that can occur during NTZ treatment. Three risk factors, including seropositive status for anti-JCV antibody, prior use of immunosuppressants and increased duration of treatment, were pointed out in RRMS patients treated with NTZ. The aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of anti-JCV antibody in our RRMS patients, and to compare it with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients treated with immunosuppressants to investigate the increased risk of PML by immunosuppressive therapy. We examined 77 consecutive patients, including 44 with RRMS (14 men and 30 women, age 45.9 11.9 years, range 23–67 years) fulfilling McDonald's criteria (2010 version), 26 with NMO related disorders (NMOrd; six men and 20 women, age 48.7 15.9 years, range 23–74 years), such as 17 NMO, four NMO spectrum disorder fulfilling Wingerchuk's criteria (2007) and five neurological disorders with anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies (optic neuritis, myelitis or brainstem lesion with intractable hiccup), four with myelitis, two with chiasmal neuritis without anti-AQP4 antibodies and one with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS). A total of 22 patients with NMOrd showed anti-AQP4 antibodies in their sera. Of the 44 MS patients, 32 were treated with interferon-b1a or 1b, and 15 were treated with fingolimod. All of the NMOrd patients were treated with prednisolone, and 24 of them were treated with tacrolimus (23 patients) or azathioprine (nine and five of them were switched to tacrolimus). The period of immunosuppressive treatment was 0.17–7.25 years (median 4.25 years, 4.19 1.95 years). The disease periods of MS and NMOrd patients were 10.9 7.2 years (0.08– 32 years, median 10 years) and 9.4 6.0 years (0.33–26 years, median 8 years), respectively. AntiJCV antibody was examined using a two-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (STRATIFY JCV Gen 2). Anti-AQP 4 antibody was tested using a cell-based assay as reported previously. The overall prevalence of anti-JCV antibody was 70.1% (54/77 patients). The prevalence was similar among MS (32/44 patients; 72.7%) and NMOrd patients (17/26; 65.4%) by Fisher's exact test (P = 0.5934; Fig. 1a). As reported previously, the prevalence of anti-JCV antibodies appeared to increase with age in our patients. Anti-JCV antibody was found in four of nine (44.4%) patients aged <30 years, and in 12 of 14 (85.7%) patients aged >60 years (Fig. 1b). The anti-JCV antibody indices of seropositive MS and NMOrd patients treated with immunosuppressants were 1.9 0.9 (0.53–3.27) and 1.8 1.0 (0.39–2.81), respectively. No association of anti-JCV antibody index and the period of treatment with immunosuppressants in NMOrd patients, including seronegative patients, was identified (r = 0.181, P = 0.419). No sex difference was observed in the prevalence of MS (males/females, 64.3%/76.7%, P = 0.4753) and NMOrd (males/females, 50%/60%, P = 1.0). In Japanese NMOrd patients treated with immunosuppressants, we confirmed the findings of a previous study that showed that a history of immunosuppressive treatment did not influence the prevalence of anti-JCV antibody in MS patients in Europe, Canada and Australia. The prevalence of anti-JCV in Japanese MS patients is slightly higher than that in patients in Western countries: the most recent reports showed a prevalence ranging between 50% and 60% (Fig. 1c). In MS patients without prior immunosuppressant treatment and an anti-JCV antibody index >1.5, the risk of PML was increased in patients who underwent NTZ treatment for more than 25 months. All MS patients treated with NTZ had an anti-JCV antibody index >1.5 before the development of PML.


The nature of radiotherapy accelerators is briefly explained. It is argued that these complex safety-critical systems need a systematic basis for testing their software. The paper describes a novel application of protocol specification and testing methods to radiotherapy accelerators. It is explained that the accelerator control system is specified using LOTOS (Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification). It is completely infeasible to use the LOTOS directly for test generation. Instead, specification inputs are restricted using annotations in a Parameter Constraint Language. This is automatically translated into LOTOS and combined with the accelerator specification. It then becomes manageable to generate tests of the actual accelerator to check that it agrees with its specification according to the relation ioconf (input-output conformance). Test annotations and a sample test are described.


Laser produced plasma (LPP) systems have been developed as the primary approach for use in EUV scanner light sources for optical imaging of circuit features at 20nm nodes and beyond. This paper provides a review of development progress and productization status for LPP extreme-ultra-violet (EUV) sources with performance goals targeted to meet specific requirements from ASML. We present the latest results on power generation and collector protection for sources in the field operating at 10W nominal power and in San Diego operating in MOPA (Master Oscillator Power Amplifier) Prepulse mode at higher powers. Semiconductor industry standards for reliability and source availability data are provided. In these proceedings we show results demonstrating validation of MOPA Prepulse operation at high dose-controlled power: 40 W average power with closed-loop active dose control meeting the requirement for dose stability, 55 W average power with closed-loop active dose control, and early collector protection tests to 4 billion pulses without loss of reflectivity.


THE Chinese education system has received much criticism both at home and abroad for churning out students who only know how to memorize lessons by rote and have little independent ability to solve problems and learn about the world. The general consensus is that change is needed. Last April, however, William Moore and Robert Neu from Federal Way Public Schools of Washington State and Brian Flannery,


In the teaching of C programming design, the main method of traditional teaching is theory teaching and checking,which is very difficult to develop students' computational thinking ability. To solve this problem, this article tried to use ProblemBased Learning didactics. Considering the students' professional characteristics and the situation of mastering the knowledge, it chose the interested problem as an example. Through abstracting problem, grouping and concentrating discussion, summarizing and thinking, students can realize the characteristics and enrich the way, developing the capacity of computational thinking during solving the problem. Teaching practice proved that the effect of Problem-Based Learning didactics was very good.


ABSTRACT :The fire resistive materials are used to resist from fire accidents in the building. In this study silicone rubber/in-organic flame retardant composites were prepared by mechanical stirring method, using aluminium trihydroxide(ATH, Al(OH) 3 )and magnesium dihydroxide(MDH, Mg(OH) 2 ) as synergistic fire-resistant additives. The thermal properties of the fire resistantcomposites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). In addition, rheological properties were observed by rheometer and fire-resistant properties were tested by gas torch. Through this study, we realized that the silicone rubber containing ATH, MDH increased the performance of fire-resistance. Keywords : Silicone, Flame retardant, ATH, MDH, Thermal property, Rheological property, Flame test † 대표저자 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Ⅰ. 서 론 화재는 콘크리트 구조물의 역학적 특성에 치명적 손상을 유발함으로써 구조물의 안전성을 급격하게 감소시킬 수 있다. 고강도 콘크리트가 화재와 같은 고온에 노출되며 급속한 온도상승이 일어날 때, 자주 발생하는 폭렬은 심각한 단면 결손을 유발할 뿐만 아니라, 폭렬이 발생한 부위에서 철근 노출로 인해 구조물의 구조적 안전성에 치명적인 영향을 끼친다.


Ellis' argument that the process of "legend ostension" may, in itself, create its own "reality" is well taken and ought to be cautionary. In the current SRA controversy, it is possible that a variety of legend ostension, fed by the fires of the media, over-anxious authorities and mass panic, has at times helped in creating the events of which they speak. In our zeal to interpret a "text" or a series of accounts in ways which privilege our own expectations and preconceptions, the lives of families and individuals can be destroyed. The world is full of suffering and evil; Satan is "real," but in the current SRA controversy, the Christian community has at times responded by giving the powers of darkness more than their due thus adding to the world's suffering and evil.


Article is devoted to the comparative analysis of norms of the administrative and financial law on the basis of comparison of a subject and a method of the administrative and financial law and other characteristics.


A simple and low-cost cloud point extraction (CPE) method was developed for the removal of phenol in water samples prior to its spectrophotometric detection. Two CPE methods; CPE-(TX/βCD)-NaOH and CPE-(TX/βCD)-Na2CO3 were developed based on Triton X-100/β-cyclodextrin (TX-100/β-CD) using electrolytes of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), respectively as inducing phase separation agents. The effects of parameters; electrolytes, surfactant, β-CD, and analyte concentrations, temperature, incubation time, and pH were evaluated in the context of extracting phenol from an aqueous media. Under optimized conditions, the CPE-(TX-βCD)-NaOH was selected to extract phenol from real water samples due to its superior performance vis-a-vis the CPE-(TX-βCD)-Na2CO3. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.0 mg L-1 to 3.0 mg L-1 of phenol, with a regression coefficient of 0.9855. The extraction efficiency in spiked and without spiked phenol in real water samples was in the range of 91.9 - 116.1 %. The results confirmed that the developed method can be applied satisfactorily to detect the presence of phenol in real water samples.


There is strong epidemiological evidence that more physical activity is associated with reduced risk of colon cancer, but the amount or type of activity necessary to invoke this protection is disputed, and the mechanism that is responsible has not been elucidated. The present study compared the effects of two contrasting exercise regimens on intestinal tumourigenesis in Min mice, and investigated two novel mechanistic factors: colonic butyrate and sleep. From 5 weeks of age, Min mice were exercised by running on a treadmill (TR; ≤ 21 m/min, 30–60 min/d, 5 d/week, ≤ 12 weeks). Additional groups of mice were provided with an exercise wheel (WH) or no exercise (CON). Mice had free access to a Western-style, high-fat diet. WH mice ran 3·97 km (females) and 1·92 km (males) daily (P = 0·002). There were no differences in body weight gain or body composition between treatment groups. Treadmill running reduced the numbers of larger ( ≥ 2 mm diameter) tumours (P = 0·042), and tended to reduce tumour multiplicity in the colon (P = 0·049). TR mice had a higher molar proportion of butyrate in colonic digesta than CON mice (P = 0·030), and when treatment groups were combined, there was a weak negative correlation (r − 0·174, P = 0·061) between butyrate molar proportion and total tumour number. In a subset of animals in which non-exercise physical activity was monitored, there were strong positive correlations between sleep duration and both tumour multiplicity (P < 0·001) and tumour burden (P = 0·001). More studies of the effects of sleep and of colonic butyrate in mediating the effects of physical activity on intestinal tumourigenesis are warranted.


PURPOSE
Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment among elderly. Cataract surgery improves visual afferencies and can have an impact on balance. The present study assessed the impact of cataract surgery upon balance and autonomy in elderly. We realized clinical examinations and objective tests the day before surgery and 2-months later.

METHODS
The initial cohort consisted of 66 patients that had to undergo a cataract surgery. Their mean age was 79 +/- 0.5. For logistic reasons, only 33 patients have been completely evaluated before and after surgery. Each patient underwent a history and examination that have assessed autonomy, walking, visual and then cochleo-vestibular functions including bone vibratory test and dynamic computerized posturography (Equitest).

RESULTS
After 2 months, cataract surgery had no incidence on balance. The fear of falling has stayed the same whereas the number of falls has been noticeably reduced by surgery. The overall score of Equitest has shown an increase in visual dependence after surgery. Although cataract surgery has no incidence on autonomy, it may improve the quality of life among older people by leisure activities recovery.

CONCLUSION
An early physical rehabilitation facilitated by visual improvement after surgery can also prevent visual dependence and autonomy loss. We recommend vestibular rehabilitation in elderly with major visual dependence.


We report high-performance of ambipolar organic field-effect transistors (FETs) based on the low band gap copolymers of pDPPT2NAP-HD and pDPPT2NAP-OD. The polymers are composed of electron-rich 2,6-di(thienyl)naphthalene (T2NAP) and electron-deficient diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units with branched alkyl chains of 2-hexyldecyl (HD) or 2-octyldodecyl (OD). The polymers were polymerized via Suzuki coupling, yielding optical band gaps of ∼1.4 eV. In the transistor performance test, we observed good ambipolar transport behavior in both polymer films, and pDPPT2NAP-OD displayed hole and electron mobilities 1 order of magnitude higher than the corresponding properties of pDPPT2NAP-HD. Thermal annealing of the polymer films increased the carrier mobilities. Annealing at 150 °C provided optimal conditions yielding saturated film crystallinity and maximized carrier mobility. The highest hole and electron mobilities achieved in these polymers were 1.3 and 0.1 cm2/(V s), respectively, obtained from pDPPT2NAP-OD. The ...


A new water-stable magnesium (Mg) coordination polymer (Mg(HPCD)(H2O)) with a two-dimensional structure was synthesized and structurally characterized, and its luminescence properties were studied....


This study investigates the performance of 22 monolingual and 54 bilingual children with and without specific language impairment (SLI), in a nonword repetition (NWRT) and a sentence repetition task (SRT). Both tasks were constructed according to the principles for LITMUS tools (Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings) developed within COST Action IS0804, and incorporated phonological or syntactic structures that are linguistically complex and have been shown to be difficult for children with SLI across languages. For phonology these are in particular (non)words containing consonant clusters. In morphosyntax complexity has been attributed to factors such as embedding and/or syntactic movement. Tasks focusing on such structures are expected to identify SLI in bilinguals across language combinations. This is notoriously difficult because structures that are problematic for typically developing bilinguals (BiTDs) and monolingual children with SLI (MoSLI) often overlap. We show that the NWRT and the SRT are reliable tools for identification of SLI in bilingual contexts. However, interpretation of the performance of bilingual children depends on background information as provided by parental questionnaires. In order to evaluate the accuracy of our tasks we recruited children in ordinary kindergartens or schools and in Speech Language Therapy centers and verified their status with a battery of standardized language tests, assessing bilingual children in both their languages. We consider a bilingual child language impaired if she shows impairments in two language domains in both her languages. For assessment we used tests normed for monolinguals (with one exception) and adjusted the norms for bilingualism and for language dominance. This procedure established the following groups: 10 typical monolinguals (MoTD), 12 MoSLI, 46 BiTD and 8 bilingual children with SLI (BiSLI). Our results show that both tasks target relevant structures: monolingual children are classified with 100% accuracy. Crucially, both our tasks distinguish BiTDs from MoSLIs and BiTDs from BiSLIs. The NWRT shows high accuracy and only minimal influence of language dominance. The SRT can be scored as "identical repetition" or as "target structure", the latter aiming for scoring the mastery of a syntactic structure, ignoring lexical and specific case or gender errors. Focusing on the latter measure, we


The present invention provides a multi-speed transmission with an intermediate shaft gear device. Specifically, the present invention provides a transmission having a dual clutch so as to achieve the torque flow through the intermediate gear means. This counter gear means comprises a gear set of a plurality of co-planar, said gear having a plurality of gear sets are selectively connectable to the intermediate shaft. Drive gears transfers torque from the intermediate shaft to the output shaft. An output shaft connected to a final drive unit, having a final drive unit output shaft, which is transverse relative to the input member, a torque converter connected to the one end, the other end is connected to the dual clutch.


We are excited to announce the third conference of the Management Organization Review (MOR) Second Research Frontiers Conference Series. Whereas the first two conferences focused on China and India, the Rotterdam conference shifts focus to Russia, Ex-Soviet Republics, and Eastern Europe. This interdisciplinary Research Frontiers Conference serves as a key MOR exploration dialectic for advancing and opening new research directions of phenomena in the social sciences underlying management and organizations, globalization, and economic growth through boundary-crossing dialog and discourse with a focus on all transforming economies.


It has been observed by others that a decrease in curvature of one (or both) electrode(s) of a vacuum gap can lead to either an increase or decrease, depending upon the gap parameters, in the breakdown voltage. This electrode curvature effect is investigated theoretically for a system consisting of two isolated spheres. For each sphere the maximum surface field intensity and the area over which the field magnitude is no less than a given fraction of this maximum are found. These results are considered in conjunction with several theories of vacuum breakdown in order to predict the expected dependence of breakdown voltage upon electrode curvature at varying gap lengths. Comparisons with applicable published experimental results are made. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The cathode crossover effect, that is, the observation that a decrease in curvature of the cathode can produce a decrease in breakdown voltage at short gap lengths and an increase in breakdown voltage at long gap lengths, can be pre...


This paper focuses on two-dimensional (2D) soft-input soft-output (SISO) equalization to mitigate intersymbol interference (ISI) among symbols that arise within a 2D array of data cells. The proposed method is based on arranging multiple component equalizers to exchange soft information with one another to enhance decision quality in an iterative manner. The component equalizers are simple one-dimensional linear equalizers running in different directions and do not perform well enough individually in the challenging 2D ISI environment, but working together, they consistently reach high-quality decisions. Performance comparison is made with the reduced-state trellis-based equalizers as well as the conceptually straightforward 2D linear equalizers. The results indicate excellent complexity/performance trade-off options for the proposed scheme.


Designing learning-based no-reference (NR) video quality assessment (VQA) algorithms for camera-captured videos is cumbersome due to the requirement of a large number of human annotations of quality. In this work, we propose a semi-supervised learning (SSL) framework exploiting many unlabelled and very limited amounts of labelled authentically distorted videos. Our main contributions are two-fold. Leveraging the benefits of consistency regularization and pseudo-labelling, our SSL model generates pairwise pseudo-ranks for the unlabelled videos using a student-teacher model on strong-weak augmented videos. We design the strong-weak augmentations to be quality invariant to use the unlabelled videos effectively in SSL. The generated pseudo-ranks are used along with the limited labels to train our SSL model. Our primary focus in SSL for NR VQA is to learn the mapping from video feature representations to the quality scores. We compare various feature extraction methods and show that our SSL framework can lead to improved performance on these features. In addition to the existing features, we present a spatial and temporal feature extraction method based on predicting spatial and temporal entropic differences. We show that these features help achieve a robust performance when trained with limited data providing a better baseline to apply SSL. Extensive experiments on three popular VQA datasets demonstrate that a combination of our novel SSL approach and features achieves an impressive performance in terms of correlation with human perception, even though the number of human-annotated videos may be limited.


Wafer (12) for the position of a striker plate adjustment (11) of a motor vehicle lock intended to be fixed on the body of said vehicle by screwing means whose stems pass through recesses in the wafer (12 ) and holes in the bodywork, characterized in that it comprises at least one first stop (19, 20) preventing the translation of the striker plate (11) relative to the wafer (12) in a first preferred direction (Ox ), said first stop (19, 20) being frangible to allow, once severed, the translation of the striker plate (11) relative to the wafer (12) according to the first preferred direction (Ox).


List of Illustrations Acknowledgments Chapter One: An Andalusian Journey Chapter Two: Traditional and Innovative Musical Practice in Flamenco Chapter Three: Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Singers Chapter Four: Social and Political Conditions for Women and Their Impact on Cantaoras in Twentieth-Century Spain Chapter Five: The Cantaora Today Chapter Six: La Herencia: Traditions of Flamenco in Lebrija and Granada Chapter Seven: Women and the Guitarra Flamenca Chapter Eight: The Flamenco Copla: Themes, Archetypes, Stereotypes Chapter Nine: The Social Construction of Flamenco Identity Chapter Ten: Identity, Aesthetics, and Emotion Glossary References Index


Linear hashing is a file structure for dynamic files. In this paper, a new, simple method for handling overflow records in connection with linear hashing is proposed. The method is based on linear probing and does not rely on chaining. No dedicated overflow area is required. The expansion sequence of liner hashing is modified to improve the performance, which requires changes in the address computation. A new address computation algorithm and an expansion algorithm are given. The performance of the method is studied by simulation. The algorithms for the basic file operations are very simple, and the overall performance is competitive with that of other variants of linear hashing.


We introduce what we call the locally inertial Godunov method with dynamical time dilation, and demonstrate its convergence on a new one parameter family of spherically symmetric, general relativistic shock wave solutions of the Einstein equations for a perfect fluid. The forward time simulations, presented here, resolve the secondary reflected wave (an incoming shock wave) in the Smoller-Temple shock wave model [10] for an explosion into a static singular isothermal sphere. The backward time solutions indicate black hole formation from a smooth solution via collapse associated with an incoming rarefaction wave. A new feature of the numerical method is that clocks are dynamically dilated in each grid cell to simulate the effects of spacetime curvature. The initial data set is constructed by matching a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime to a Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff spacetime in Standard Schwarzschild Coordinates at a point of Lipschitz continuity, creating a point of shock wave interaction. As far as we know, this is the first numerical simulation of shock wave interaction in general relativity. Prior work of Groah and Temple justifies meeting the Einstein constraint equations for the initial data only at the weak level of Lipshitz continuity in the metric.


Alluvial diamonds were discovered in 1903 in what was then Southern Rhodesia. In the following ten years, search for the sources of these Somabula diamonds resulted in the discovery of the Colossus kimberlite field housing four pipes and one kimberlitic sill and the Clare Field containing six pipes, one sill, and one fissure (Fig. 1). Later prospecting resulted in the finding of nine further kimberlitic bodies, bringing the total so far located up to 22, six of which have been proved to contain diamonds. Of these six, only one, the River Ranch pipe, is of possible economic interest. Up to the end of 1979, the total recorded production of diamonds from Zimbabwe was a relatively-insignificant 20 000 carats, of which 95 per cent had been recovered from the Somabula Field, in which the alluvial diamonds have been derived from the weathering and reworking of detrital stones in Karoo-age sediments (Table I).


239 women received medroxyprogesterone during their pregnancies; they received no other hormone therapy. Of the 203 who went to term 172 were treated prior to the 12th week; the latter are discussed. Average daily dose varied from 5-50 mg or more orally with or without injectable supplements. Sex distribution of infants was 92 male to 82 female there were 2 sets of twins 1 stillborn and 1 newborn with congenital heart disease. The authors report a case of transient masculization of a female infant born with an enlarged clitoris which persisted until age 6 months. Masculization of the female fetus may occur if the fetus is subjected to some source of androgen prior to the 12th week of gestation after which the female generative tract is well differentiated and not likely to be affected. Other studies have reported up to 18% masculization using exogenous hormones with abnormalities as extreme as labial fusion and cloacal formation necessitating surgical correction.


Spring wheat cv. Yecora 70 was exposed to soil water deficits during three phases between emergence and anthesis: early (22 days after sowing to terminal spikelet), mid (terminal spikelet to anthesis) and late (early boot to anthesis). The objective was to quantify the effects of water stress on partitioning of above-ground biomass to the spike, the ratio between kernel number and anthesis spike weight, canopy expansion, radiation interception and phenology. This information can be used to test the assumptions used when modelling wheat growth and yield under water-limiting conditions. The extension rate of the lamina and pseudostem was reduced when more than 50% of the extractable soil water had been extracted from the root-zone, independent of the stage when stress was imposed. Stress reduced biomass accumulation more through a reduction of the amount of radiation intercepted than reduced radiation-use efficiency. The reduction in the amount of radiation intercepted was due to lower leaf area index, as the radiation extinction coefficient was similar under stress and non-stress conditions. Stress treatments reduced spike biomass at anthesis to 58-94% of that in the well-watered control, but had little effect on the pattern of biomass partitioning to the spike and the proportion of anthesis biomass as spike. Stress after terminal spikelet reduced the ratio of kernel number to anthesis spike weight by 50%, suggesting that reduced kernel number under stress may not be solely due to a restricted assimilate supply. This study showed that current assumptions are valid regarding the response of wheat to pre-anthesis stress in terms of canopy expansion, radiation interception and biomass partitioning to the spike. However, the constancy of the ratio of kernel number to anthesis spike weight was shown not to hold under water stress.


Let V be a plane smooth cubic curve over a finitely generated field k. The Mordell-Weil theorem for V states that there is a finite subset P \subset V(k) such that the whole V(k) can be obtained from P by drawing secants and tangents through pairs of previously constructed points and consecutively adding their new intersection points with V. In this paper we present numerical data regarding the analogous statement for cubic surfaces. For the surfaces examined, we also test Manin's conjecture relating the asymptotics of rational points of bounded height on a Fano variety with the rank of the Picard group of the surface.


The Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 (GDA2020) is now our official national datum, and Australian states and territories are in various stages of transitioning from GDA94 to GDA2020. The provision of rigorous uncertainty values was a key component, advantage and driver for datum modernisation and is the focus of this article. We explain the migration rules and philosophical decisions applied by NSW Spatial Services to report GDA2020 and AHD uncertainty values on public record in the Survey Control Information Management System (SCIMS). SCIMS is the State's database containing about 250,000 survey marks, including coordinates, heights, accuracy classifications and other metadata. Whilst accuracy definitions and formulae in technical manuals appear black and white, their application in the real world leads to subtle variations in interpretation. Hence, to remove some of the 'uncertainty' surrounding the newly reported uncertainty values, we also provide initial user tips for dealing with SCIMS uncertainty values in NSW.


This article reviews the biologic effects of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine relevant to the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Other agents used less commonly for SLE, such as methotrexate, chlorambucil, and cyclosporin-A, receive more limited attention. Clinical studies of efficacy and toxicity of these agents in their treatment of SLE are then described in detail.


At the early phase of software development, functional requirements of the software often need to be represented in the developer's language, resulting in a so-called analysis model. Current works in literature aim to increase automation in software development by either generating automatically the analysis model from a use case specification or transforming the analysis model to a design model. However, up to now, to precisely specify use cases is still a challenge, preventing us from realizing this aim. This paper proposes a method to extract analysis classes from a use case specification. Within our method, use cases are represented using our domain-specific modeling language named USL. We then define algorithms with transformation rules as a representation of analysis patterns in order to extract analysis classes from the USL use case model. We develop a support tool for our method in which transformation rules are realized using the ATL model-to-model transformation technique.


This article seeks to explain how accounting information value relevance prevails in variouscountries. Countries included in this research are USA, Norwegia, Indonesia, and acomparison of value relevance in Anglo Saxon versus Continental countries. It is found thataccounting information is still value relevant in the some countries researched. In USA, overforty years, there is a decreasing value relevance of earnings. Yet, this results in increasingvalue relevance of book value. In Norwegia and Indonesia, value relevance of accounting information is still increasing. Finally, Ali and Lee (2000) examine the difference betweenAnglo Saxon and Code Law countries. Countries included in their research are Australia,Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, and England. As expected,accounting information value relevance in Anglo Saxon Countries is higher than that of Common law Countries.


According to attribute theory,this paper analyses the relationship between personalized data attribute and the attribute barycenter coordinate model.The data object center of personalized data is represented within the coordinate.Clustering degree function and clustering algorithm is established in the end.The model can deal with the semantic relationships of personalized data attribute efficiently.


In developing countries cancer cervix is the leading cause of cancer death in females. Effective screening contributes to decrease mortality. Lack of resources is main factor for failure of effective screening for cervical cancer. VIA, visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid application is low cost approach for cervical cancer screening in low income countries. Key-words: Cancer, Cervix, Pap smear, Screening, VIA


The web system linked by Internet becomes important not only as a functional application system within a company but as a critical backbone for conducting business in a highly competitive market. It is driving companies to come up with a whole new set of business strategies. This paper proposes a methodology to link these strategies to effective system artifacts. Strategic agents are extracted from the three interacting perspectives of customers, competitors, and company itself. The methodology consists of strategic requirement analysis, agent modeling, system design, and system implementation. A real-life case is illustrated to demonstrate the feasibility of our methodology. The resulting Internet system is more likely to be competitive in this dynamic business world.


: In present article, we have calculated the electron impact ionization cross section for Nitrogen molecule (N 2 ) from ionization threshold to 10 MeV. The modified Khare model has been employed. We have only one experimental data set at relativistic energies which is measured by Reike and Prepejchal in terms of two collision parameters C RP and 𝑴 𝟐 to compare our calculated results. The collision parameters C RP and 𝑴 𝟐 also have been calculated. The calculations are compared with available previous experimental data as well as theoretical results. A remarkable agreement is found among the present results, other previous calculations and experimental data.


Readers of the European Respiratory Review ( ERR ) will be pleased to see that the first issue of 2013 continues the noble task of providing up-to-date knowledge in respiratory medicine, with diversified and high-quality scientific content. As incoming Chief Editor, new captain of the ship [1], it is my pleasure to note that this ship is healthy and proudly moving forward. With the tremendous momentum of our friend and colleague Professor Marc Humbert from the University of Paris (Paris, France), Chief Editor of the ERR for the past 4 yrs, and the outstanding work of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Publications Office, the ERR has built on the previous success and has become a major platform for the publication of high-quality review articles [2]. Since the restructuring of the ERR in 2009, all published articles are peer reviewed [2]. A proportion of reviews published in the ERR are sponsored articles [2], with full transparency and the necessary analysis of demanding external reviewers and an independent editorial board, as for all published articles.

A landmark …


Monocentric lenses offer extraordinarily compact wide image imaging onto a spherical image surface. I'll describe design and preliminary experimental results for a walnut-sized 85Mpixel imager, where fiber bundles couple the image to CMOS focal planes.


Relaxation rates for the uniform precession mode in ferromagnetic resonance, with general elliptical polarization, have been calculated for several microscopic scattering processes using the spin‐wave formalism. These results are compared with the widely used phenomenological formulations for FMR. The results demonstrate in relatively general terms the specific features of the Landau‐Lifshitz and Gilbert phenomenological formulations on the one hand, and of what may be called ''intrinsic'' confluence processes in the microscopic formulation.


Recent changes in precipitation regime in South-East Asia are a subject of ongoing discussion. In this article, for the first time, evidence of a precipitation regime shift during the mid-1970s in the Northern Hemispheric part of South-East Asia is demonstrated. The detection of regime shifts is made possible by using a new comprehensive dataset of daily precipitation records (South-East Asian Climate Assessment and Dataset) and applying a novel Bayesian approach for regime shift detection. After the detected regime shift event in the mid-1970s, significant changes in precipitation distribution occurred in the Northern Hemispheric regions—Indochina Peninsula and the Philippines. More specifically, dry days became up to 10% more frequent in some regions. However, no precipitation regime shift is detected in Southern Hemisphere regions—Java and Northern Australia, were the number of observed dry days increased gradually.


Analysis of measurable residual disease (MRD) is increasingly being implemented in the clinical care of children and adults with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, MRD methodologies differ and discordances in results lead to difficulties in interpretation and clinical decision‐making. The aim of this study was to compare results from reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) in childhood AML and describe the kinetics of residual leukaemic burden during induction treatment.


Stimulated by Pharma 4.0, pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a transition from batch to continuous manufacturing (CM). There are manifold of benefits of continuous tablets production such as: increased product quality; improved efficiency; reduced production costs. Even more, CM could accelerate the product development resulting in faster delivery of medicine to patients, and this without affecting product quality. To exploit the advantages of CM, the mainly separated process units need to be integrated to form end-to-end systems from raw material to final product. Such integration requires a deep understanding and a holistic approach toward process development and optimization. In this paper, a feasibility study of using model predictive control for the multi-variable process of tablet production is presented. The simulations have been performed on a novel and unique simulation environment where the main unit processes involved in the manufacturing of tablets are implemented. Preliminary results indicate that the proposed methodology is feasible and implementable on the benchmark simulation.


The title compound (C25H39NO6), a polycyclic diterpenoid alkaloid, has been isolated from Delphinium roylei Munz. Two cis-fused ring junctions are observed between cyclohexane A and piperidine E rings and between cyclohexane B and cyclopentane C rings. Two trans-fused ring junctions involve cyclohexane A and cyclopentane B rings and also piperidine E and cyclopentane F rings. Cyclopentane ring F is in a twist conformation, while the other cyclopentane ring, C, forms an envelope conformation. Piperidine ring E is in a chair conformation, the two cyclohexane rings A and B adopt twist–boat conformations and cyclohexane ring D is in a screw-boat conformation. Of the five substituents, only one is α-oriented. The molecules are packed along the c axis in layers parallel to the ab plane and stabilized by weak inter- and intramolecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.


Introduction of new non-pharmacological technology is challenging and the methodology for evaluationg such technologies is much less standardized than when dealing with new pharmacological substances. It is, however, as important to use randomized design with blinded assessment and combine that with prospective population based registries to be able to analyze generalizability.


Empirical studies demonstrate good efficiency of mentalization-based treatment (MBT) as developed by Fonagy, Bateman and Target in the therapy of borderline personality disorder. The reception of these results shows two opposing positions. One argues that MBT offers a paradigm shift because it is capable of profoundly changing or even replacing group analysis. The other position expresses doubts that MBT offers anything essentially new. The authors of this article reflect on both positions and demonstrate how MBT is generally useful as part of a broadened praxeology of group analysis even extending beyond borderline-pathology. They describe their experience in out-patient groups they have conducted together, and show how typical MBT-interventions fit in with the usual repertoire of group-analysis. Different kinds of interventions are discussed with respect to different degrees of mentalization capacity. Whenever there is a partial lack or suspension of mentalization capacity, interventions in the sense of 'MBT-informed group-analysis' are apt to help get out of an impasse. So there is no alternative between MBT or group-analysis. The author's plea is for MBT to be part of group-analysis.


In this paper, an integrated technology for performing finite element calculations in SCAD Office FEA-software with instrumental verification of actual dynamic characteristics of load-bearing structures and subsoils with the use of seismic hardware-software complex REGISTR is proposed.


The broadband amplifier circuit with automatic gain control and offset voltage comprises a main amplifier chain (SY, AVG1, AVG2, BU), a loop against feedback to control the gain (T, AOPG) and a loop against feedback (T, AOPO) for controlling and canceling the output of a possible offset voltage, said main amplifier chain including a gain control amplifier block (AGV1, AGV2) control input receiving the outputs of the against feedback loop to control the gain, characterized in that the block gain control amplifier (AGV1, AGV2) is preceded in the main chain by a balun-adder block (SY) fixed gain having an input (MD, MB) receiving a signal to be amplified, and having an input (OD, OB) receiving an offset voltage correction signal.


There is provided an imaging system comprising an x-ray source for emitting x-ray radiation along a central beam axis, an imaging area for positioning an object to be examined and an X-ray detector. Between the imaging region and the X-ray detector, a lens array of a plurality of focusing X-ray radiation for x-ray lenses is arranged. Furthermore, a method is provided in which an inventive imaging system is used to measure with the help of X-rays caused by an object, a distortion of the wavefront of X-rays by means of X-ray detector.


In the extended feudal society,women were regarded as the weak sex and were not qualified to receive equal school education with men. They could only receive some education about life in their daily living.With the invasion of western culture,missionaries set up some women's school in China out of special purposes.The women's education grown in the period of integration of Chinese and western cultures was different from traditional women's education and was of certain uniqueness.It can provide us some revelations about contemporary education.


The properties,cleaning mechanisms of oil-soluble detergent HKS-101 and its application in the atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit in SINOPEC Maoming Company are introduced.The practice has shown that the detergent is safe in operation,friendly in environmental protection,and good in cleaning performance. After cleaning with this agent,the final heat exchange temperature of crude oil is raised,the duty of atmospheric furnace is lowered and fuel oil consumption is reduced.The annual economic benefit is 750,000 Yuan(RMB).


Re‐examination of corrected visual acuity was done in 137 18‐year‐old Danes, who were originally examined at the age of 10 years, as part of a study of sequels to low birth weight (LBW) (Fledelius 1976). Median values indicate that most adolescents are able visually to discriminate considerably above the customary 6/6 limit. As compared with low‐birth‐weighters (n = 70), full‐terms (n = 67) show a significantly higher cumulated visual acuity score. Similarly, binocular median visual acuities are 1.2 (LBW) and 1.4 (in FT). The difference is neither explained by the ex‐prematures' higher frequency of heterotropia, nor by their (minor) share of eyes with subnormal vision. The latter occurred especially in the subgroup of 'myopia of prematurity'. The exceptional cases with RLF‐blindness were discarded from follow‐up. Concerning visual acuity, the previously reported lagging behind of ex‐prematures in childhood has proven to be not only a temporary delay, but a permanent (adult) feature.


Purpose:To investigate the incidence and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with prostatitis. Methods:2 152 cases of patients with BPH were investigated about their illness history, and the routine examination of prostatic fluid, the ultrasonography of prostate, the prostatic special antigen in serum and the urine routine had been done.Results:Among them ,385 patients suffered prostatitis,87 patients have the obvious symptom of prostatitis, of which only 35 patients were treated discontinuously as prostatitis.Conclusions:The diagnosis and treatment of BPH with prostatitis should be paid special attention to.


Introduction. The article deals with the problems of treatment of organic sludge from the purification of municipal wastewater in Rostov-on-Don. To solve this problem, a method of anaerobic (methane) digestion of sewage sludge was proposed. Problem Statement. The objective of this study is to determine the role of anaerobic stabilization for Rostovvodokanal company. Theoretical Part. The differences between mesophilic and thermophilic modes of sediment digestion were determined, a technological line for preparing biogas for use was proposed. Calculations of the main parameters of the anaerobic digestion process in the digester have been made. Conclusion. The results of the analysis showed that with the help of this modernization, the main problems are solved.


Higher education is often culturally deemphasized in the geographic area served by our rural, regional campus. As a result, faculty members have the opportunity to spearhead teaching efforts designed to educate the community about the importance of obtaining a post-secondary degree. To this end, we recently held a Science Summer Camp for middle school students, designed to infuse young people with an increased excitement for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) education. In this report, we summarize a chemical electrolysis experiment we carried out with middle school students for our annual Science Summer Camp. We also provided procedural guidelines for smalland large-scale experiments. In the latter case, evolved H2 gas can be detonated for effect. Two modifications from literature procedure include: (1) using glass burettes, instead of test tubes, to collect the evolving H2 and O2 gases for the small-scale setup; and (2) prefilling the 100-mL graduated collection cylinders with aqueous NaOH prior to beginning electrolysis. Because these modifications provide aqueous solution in the collection reservoirs prior to starting the experiment, the total time required for the experiment is greatly reduced (~30 minutes). Introduction Higher education is often culturally deemphasized in the geographic area served by USU's Uintah Basin regional campus. As a result, faculty here have both the opportunity and responsibility of teaching the community about the benefits of a university degree. A significant part of that work involves efforts to infuse the rising generation with an excitement about math and science. To that end, we recently organized our first "Summer Science Camp," designed for local middle school students. The camp featured four eighty-minute classes per day, over two days, in various STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) subjects. The event was attended by 62 students, ranging from 11 to 13 years in age, who came from private, public, and home schools located throughout our two-county region. Classes were delivered


This paper presents a design methodology for the development of self-powered active lateral secondary suspensions for rail vehicles. It first investigates the energy flow in the active lateral secondary suspensions and analyzes the conditions for self-powered control in detail. The impact of the controller design on both ride quality and energy consumption is then used to guide the design/specification of actuators and to define key actuator parameters to achieve both expected performance improvement and zero-energy consumption for the actuators. Furthermore, a control strategy for dealing with larger-than-expected energy consumption by the active suspensions is proposed not only to eliminate excessive power requirements but to ensure ride quality improvement, in comparison to that by passive suspensions, as well. Computer simulations are used to validate the control strategy for the self-powered active suspension.


Ramanjulu Sunkar, Avnish Kapoor, and Jian-Kang Zhu (2006). Posttranscriptional Induction of Two Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase Genes in Arabidopsis Is Mediated by Downregulation of miR398 and Important for Oxidative Stress Tolerance. Plant Cell 18, 2051–2065. Figure 2A contained a typographical error. The right-most vertical label read 100 mM MV instead of 10 mM MV. The corrected figure appears below.


The Creative Home Design series provides advice and inspiration for decorating or giving your home a new look. This title focuses on the bedroom and bathroom.


According to the concrete engineering importance,the preparation of the concrete engineering in winter and the basic requirements are introduced,the concrete curing methods and measurement methods are discussed in this paper,which guarantees the progress and the quality of the concrete engineering, and the safety a of workers.


The effects of various fractions from the whole plant of Pelvetia siliquosa Tseng et Chang (Fucaceae) on the -induced hepatotoxicity as well as on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats were investigated. The ether fraction exhibited a potent rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibition in vitro and showed a significant inhibition of not only serum glucose concentrations but also sorbitol accumulations in the lens, red blood cells and sciatic nerves in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. When administered orally in Sprague-Dawley rats, fraction was found to cause a significant inhibition of the rise in the serum transaminase activities in -intoxicated rats. These results suggested that this plant might possess constituents with hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic effects and those effects on diabetic complications.


ABSTRACT The ferroelectric phase transition characteristics of the 0.32Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.345Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.335PbTiO3 (0.32PIN-0.345PMN-0.335PT) single crystals were studied by the temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and some electrical properties. Ferroelectric monoclinic phase was confirmed at room temperature by the numbers of the Raman modes. Successive ferroelectric phase transitions, i.e. ferroelectric monoclinic phase to ferroelectric tetragonal phase transition (FEM-FET) and ferroelectric tetragonal phase to paraelectric cubic phase transition (FET-PC), are evidenced by the anomalies of Raman modes line width, peaks intensity and their ratios around TM-T and TC/Tm temperatures. The temperature dependent permittivity derivative ξ = dϵ/dT not only provides further evidence of the successive ferroelectric phase transitions, but also demonstrates the second-order transition characteristic of the FEM-FET phase transition and the first-order transition feature of the FET-PC phase transition. The FEM-FET phase transition is also confirmed by the abnormal narrowing of the P-E loops, decrease of the Pr and Ec values, and extremums of the pyroelectric performance.


The fraction of long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) without an associated bright supernova (SN-less GRBs) at low redshifts is comparable to that of GRBs associated with bright supernovae (SN-GRBs). The prompt emission and its fast decline phase in both types of GRBs are well described by the cannonball model of GRBs, where inverse Compton scattering of ambient light is the dominant γ-ray production mechanism. However, in SN-less GRBs, the fast decay of the prompt emission appears to be overtaken by an afterglow powered by a millisecond pulsar, while, in SN-GRBs, the late-time X-ray afterglow is well described by synchrotron radiation from the decelerating jet in the interstellar medium. We use their different X-ray light curves to determine the ratio of SN-less GRBs/SN-GRBs at very high redshifts. We find that at z > 4, this ratio is the same as that at small redshifts. Such a z-independent ratio suggests that the origin of SN-less GRBs is a phase transition of neutron stars to quark stars in high-mass X-ray binaries, rather than the merger of neutron stars.


The existence of numerous water treatment/regeneration technologies capable of increasing the reuse opportunities for water–using network of batch processes calls for a systematic methodology to choose between them. Hence, this article aims to propose a new framework for the synthesis of total water network in batch plants when varieties of treatment units are available. First, a state space superstructure incorporating all feasible configurations for water reuse, recycle and treatment is proposed, which also accounts for the selection of different wastewater treatment technologies. Then, a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model embedded with the scheduling formulation of treatment subsystemis formulated based on the proposed superstructure. Furthermore, trade-off between treatment cost and fresh water consumptionis also taken into consideration in the formulation. In addition, five rules are developed in the pre-processing procedure to eliminate redundant water treatment technologies to simplify the topological structure of the synthesis problem. Two cases are presented to compare different categories of treatment units in total water network and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.


ABSTRACT Cities within Western democratic societies have long been regarded as sites where secular visions of modernity and citizenship are enacted. Today, however, ethno-religious diversity has emerged as a deep and vibrant part of urban social life and public culture, shaping place-making practices that nourish 'post-secular' belonging and practices of citizenship. Place-making and citizenship practices that are shaped by ethno-religious diversity have the potential to transform public spaces highlighting common humanity and 'shared vulnerability' (J. Butler, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (London and New York: Verso, 2004)). The visibility and embodiment of Islamic religious beliefs, ritual observances, and cultural expressions often circulate feelings of suspicion and unease for non-Muslim co-citizens. In this paper we deviate from this dominant narrative to argue that 'everyday' forms of religiosity that underpin and shape social and political actions performed in public space make an important contribution to the multicultural milieu of the nominally 'Western' city, shaping public spaces that resonate with hope and shared responsibility. The paper draws on participant observation, photo-ethnography and interviews with Melbourne residents, of Muslim faith, and predominantly of Egyptian, Turkish and Afghani (Hazara) cultural heritage.


This chapter takes up the theme of "irreverence" that runs through this volume by examining two key Hindu scientific texts that subvert the central Hindu concept of dharma (duty/law/religion). One text recommends that the king himself can and should at times engage in acts that are highly undharmic and irreverent. The other text advocates and facilitates the practice of adultery, thus undermining one of the most basic laws of dharma, the law of wifely fidelity. This clash between science and religion takes on a new form in contemporary India, where a government driven by religious ideology is attempting to subvert genuine science.


In this paper the authors use the method of characteristics to extend the Jacobi conjugate points theory to the Bolza problem arising in nonlinear optimal control. This yields necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for weak and strong local minima stated in terms of the existence of a solution to a corresponding matrix Riccati differential equation. The same approach allows to investigate as well smoothness of the value function.


The Dreams of Red Mansion is a great work that has strong tragic style yet its humorous and satirical style, which dots here and there in the work, enrich it a lot, it also embodies the principle of unity and variety in art style.


Abstract Some differential weathering of tors on Bodmin Moor has been found to be due to narrow zones of greisen. These zones are not related to the joint system in the granite and appear to have arisen by the alteration of feldspars in the path of escaping late-magmatic fluids.


DC-DC Converters are those devices which have the ability to change one level of direct voltage/ direct current to that of another level. Non-Isolated DC/DC three-port converters intermeddling the input source that is photovoltaic array, storage device like battery and the load is proposed in Stand-Alone Renewable system applications. In This application PV panel is not being connected to the grid but instead are used for charging the batteries. Each port is used for specific input or output, and its functions depend on the port; they are the renewable source, the battery set, and the output port. Three-Port Converters are bring into existence by introducing a bidirectional converter into Boost converter. Power flow path either from PV array to the load or from battery to the load is achieved in this project. Using four regulators accomplishing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control of PV array, governs the charging battery and voltage control of the load. PWM scheme applied to the Three-Port Converter based on power relations among three ports. DC/DC Converter works in every operation mode and switch between dissimilar mode easily. Three-Port Converter has advantages of high efficiency, higher flexibility, reliability and lower cost. A proposed system is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.


BACKGROUND
Natural myofibrillar protein (MP) is sensitive to changes in the microenvironment, such as pH and ionic strength, and therefore can adversely affect the final quality of meat products. The aim of this study was to modify the natural MP as well as to improve the functional properties of MP. Therefore, the quality improvement effect of konjac polysaccharides with different concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 g kg-1 protein) on MP gels was investigated.

RESULTS
With a concentration of konjac polysaccharides of 6 g kg-1 protein, the composite gel obtained the significant improvement of water binding (WHC increased by 7.71%) and textural performance (strength increased from 29.12 N∙mm to 37.55 N∙mm, an increase of 8.43 N∙mm). Meanwhile, konjac polysaccharides could help to form more disulfide bond and non-disulfide covalent bond, which enhanced the crosslinking of MP and maintained the MP gel network structure. Then, with the reservation of α-helix structure (a significant increase of 8.11%), the slower protein aggregation and the formation of small aggregates, this supported the formation of fine and homogeneous network structure and allowed a reduction in water mobility.

CONCLUSION
During the heating process, konjac polysaccharides could absorb the surrounding water and fill the gel system, which resulted in an increase in the water content of the gel network and enhanced the gel-forming ability of the gel. Meanwhile, konjac polysaccharides might inhibit irregular aggregation of proteins and promote the formation of small aggregates, which in turn formed a homogeneous and continuous gel matrix by orderly arrangement. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The curriculum is a strategic basis for the design of education; education in a country must aim to become independent and empower every human being who takes an education. This article examines the education unit-level curriculum (KTSP) in historical subjects. Using the literature study method, researchers conduct research by collecting a number of books, articles, magazines, and other text sources related to the problem and research objectives. The results show that the Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP) is a curriculum compiled and implemented by every element of education in Indonesia. The purpose of implementing KTSP is for education units to give authority (autonomy) to each educational institution and to encourage schools to make participatory decisions in developing the curriculum for the sake of self-sufficiency and empowerment of every educational actor, especially in historical subjects. But KTSP is the same as any other curriculum with weaknesses and strengths. These weaknesses include a lack of human resources, minimal infrastructure, a lack of understanding of teachers about KTSP, and a reduction in teaching hours which causes a reduction in teacher income. Then there are also several advantages, namely: encouraging the realization of school autonomy, encouraging the ability of teachers, and allowing schools to arrange their lessons to suit the needs of students.Keywords: Analysis, KTSP, IKM, History Lesson.