Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers among men worldwide. One way to control this disease is screening. One of the models that can be used to identify and change the beliefs and attitudes of the elderly and their families is the health belief model.  Due to lack of similar studies, this study was performed to determine the effect of community-based interventions on subjects' perception of screening behaviors prostate cancer based on the Health Belief Model in the elderly. Methods: This study was a randomized field trial. The statistical population included all elderly men over 60 years of age with electronic files in comprehensive health service centers in Malayer in 2020-2021. The samples were 250 eligible elderlies who were divided into control and intervention groups by stratified random sampling. For the intervention group, trainings based on the health belief model were performed. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire, which consisted of two sections: demographic information and subjects' perception of screening behaviors for prostate cancer based on health belief model. Questionnaires were given to both groups before and after the intervention.


This chapter examines the development of phenomenology in France in the last part of the twentieth century, especially the "radical" or "excessive" turn of phenomenology in such thinkers as Michel Henry, Jean-Luc Marion, Jean-Louis Chrétien, Jean-Yves Lacoste, and Emmanuel Falque (with special focus on Henry and Marion as the foremost representatives of this movement). The first part of the chapter introduces the kinds of phenomena on which this phenomenology focuses. The second part of the chapter investigates its particular approach to phenomenological methodology. The final part of the chapter shows the contribution these phenomenological projects make to two specific areas of phenomenology, namely to the examination of aesthetic and of religious phenomena, respectively.


A method for transmitting at least a date, wherein the at least one date initially at a nominal frequency of a transmitter (2) of this station (2) is sent, and wherein the at least one date and then at least once at a first frequency offset from the nominal frequency of the transmitter (2) is sent. The invention also relates to an arrangement for transmitting at least a date, a computer program and a computer program product.


The superconducting properties of YBCO (yttrium barium copper oxide) coated conductors (CCs) are strongly dependent on their oxygen content. Degradation of the superconducting properties of a YBCO CC can occur due to a phase/structure transition caused by the oxygen diffusion out of the YBCO during heat-treatment or soldering, which is an inevitable process during the creation of a superconducting joint. Such variations in phase/structure are generally functions of temperature and oxygen partial pressure (PO2). Therefore, in order for a superconducting joint of YBCO CC to be feasible, it is important to examine the changes in the microstructure and oxygen diffusion behavior for YBCO CCs. This study examined the superconducting properties of YBCO CCs before and after a heat-treatment under a reduced PO2 followed by an oxygenation annealing process in an oxygen rich environment. Partial melting of YBCO without melting of the silver stabilizer layer was obtained for a sample heat treated for 60 s at 820 °C and Torr. The superconducting properties of the sample heat treated at 820 °C were fully restored by an oxygenation annealing treatment for 15 h at 600 °C.


We investigate the question as to whether Michelson-type interferometry is possible if the role of the beam splitter is played by a spontaneous process. This question arises from an inspection of trajectories of atoms bouncing inelastically from an evanescent-wave s EW d mirror. Each final velocity can be reached via two possible paths, with a spontaneous Raman transition occurring during either the ingoing or the outgoing part of the trajectory. At first sight, one might expect that the spontaneous character of the Raman transfer would destroy the coherence and thus the interference. We investigated this problem by numerically solving the Schrödinger equation and applying a Monte Carlo wave-function approach. We find interference fringes in velocity space, even when random photon recoils are taken into account.


This paper reports the synthesized fluoride infrared up-conversion material Pbx Nay Yz F2x+y+3z+3m :Er3+m sensitive to 1550nm by LCS method and its characteristic analysis.The effects of the content of cations and the amount of fuel on the luminescence properties were studied through orthogonal experiments.The measures of X-ray diffractometer,field emission scanning electron microscope and fluorescence spectrometer coupled with a 1550nm laser were used to test and characterize the samples'phase,morphology and luminescence properties,respectively.The results show that,the element of cation content that affects the red emission intensity is Y3+,Pb2+,Na+,Er3+ in sequence,the optimum formula is Pb0.004 Na0.003 Y0.003 F0.032 :Er3+0.004,and the optimum amount of carbamide fuel is 2.5 stoi.


Today's robots require a great deal of control and supervision, and are unable to intelligently respond to unanticipated and novel situations. Interactions between an operator and even a single robot take place exclusively at a very low, detailed level, in part because no contextual information about a situation is conveyed or utilized to make the interaction more effective and less time consuming. Moreover, the robot control and sensing systems do not learn from experience and, therefore, do not become better with time or apply previous knowledge to new situations. With multi-robot teams, human operators, in addition to managing the low-level details of navigation and sensor management while operating single robots, are also required to manage inter-robot interactions. To make the most use of robots in combat environments, it will be necessary to have the capability to assign them new missions (including providing them context information), and to have them report information about the environment they encounter as they proceed with their mission. The Cognitive Patterns Knowledge Generation system (CPKG) has the ability to connect to various knowledge-based models, multiple sensors, and to a human operator. The CPKG system comprises three major internal components: Pattern Generation, Perception/Action, and Adaptation, enabling it to create situationally-relevant abstract patterns, match sensory input to a suitable abstract pattern in a multilayered top-down/bottom-up fashion similar to the mechanisms used for visual perception in the brain, and generate new abstract patterns. The CPKG allows the operator to focus on things other than the operation of the robot(s).


The 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance in a stable organic free radical, 1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-p-chlorophenyl-allyl, has been measured from 4.2 to 1.6 K. On lowering the temperature, the resonance line became weaker and broader, and it disappeared near the Neel temperature. This behavior has been interpreted in terms of the presence of a hyperfine interaction.


The productivity of arabica coffee of community in Dairi District is still relatively low compared to other districts where in 2014 it was recorded at 12.13 qtl/ha/year, which was lower than the productivity of arabica coffee at Simalungun, Toba Samosir, and Madina Districts which were respectively of 15.46, 14.24, and 13.90 qtl/ha/year. This study aims to analyse the factors that affect the production of arabica coffee of smallholder plantations in Dairi District, North Sumatra Province. This study used primary data from interviews with arabica coffee farmers. Determination of sample is by Accidental Sampling method, while the sample size is determined by Slovin method where the number of respondents is 99 families. Data analysis was performed using the production function method of Cobb-Douglas. The results showed that simultaneously the number of plants, the age of plants, the number of labours, the amount of fertilizer, and the amount of pesticide have a significant effect; while partially the number of plants, the age of plants, and the amount of fertilizer have a significant positive effect, and the number of labours and the amount of pesticide have a positive but not significant effect on arabica coffee production of smallholder plantations in Dairi District.


A brain computer interface (BCI) system provides a communication channel between a brain and a computer bypassing the need for muscular means. Electroencephalography based BCI systems that utilize the P300 speller paradigm are commonly used but due to the nature of the P300 speller paradigm, these systems are prone to erroneous classification. In this study, a novel approach addressing the variations in the characteristics of the P300 elicited by column and row flashes was proposed to overcome this problem. Markedly better results were achieved by both single trial analysis and averaging when the proposed approach was used. More than a 5% increase in single trial classification accuracy was observed, and the number of trials needed to obtain 100% classification accuracy was reduced by 44%. The results of this study warrant further research to implement the proposed approach in other methodologies.


Scientific evidence suggests that complex fractionated activity zones help maintain atrial fibrillation. However, the electrophysiological characteristics of the left atrial myocardium that is responsible for the occurrence of complex fractionated activity are still not fully understood. We studied the electrophysiological characteristics of complex fractionated activity zones in patients with a permanent form of atrial fibrillation on the background of an attack and on a sinus rhythm.


A new speckle photography method-sandwich speckle photography is proposed. The paper describes the simple principle of this method and it's advantages. Similar to tne sandwich holograhy, it makes up of two pieces of single exposure specklegram. We made each single exposure photograph at various situations, then put two of them together and precisely replaced them. The quality of fringe obtained by sandwich specklegram is quite the same as that obtained by common double exposure speckle. gram.
If we make n pieces of single exposure specklegram, n(n-1)/2 pairs of double exposure specklegram will be obtained.
It is well-known that the double exposure specklegram is very difficult to make at temporal processes and dynamical deformation. High speed photography combined with sandwich speckle photography can overcome this difficulty.
Finally an experimental evidence is identical with the result of double exposure, Doubtlessly, the sandwich speckle photography will pavo the way for the application of speckle interferometry.


ELDERLY PEOPLE AT HOME IN CARE OF CLOSE RELATIVES Care recipients' experiences of home, the care and the roles Kati Makela Master s thesis Gerontology and public health University of Jyvaskyla, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Department of Health Sciences Spring 2013 47 pages, 4 appendices In this thesis, informal care was studied from the care recipients' point of view. Special attention was paid on their perceptions of home, the care and the roles in their relationships. The study is important, because so far informal care has been predominantly studied from caregivers' perspective. Data was collected by interviewing seven informal care recipients living in Alavus. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed by using inductive content analysis. The findings showed that living at home with relatives was important to the elderly people. Home was percieved as a place of everyday living. The physical location of home was not considered significant, whereas the feeling of autonomy, the close relationships and the familiar things were regarded as important. The interviewees thought that informal care was adequate. However, they brought up that they did not want to be a burden to their close relatives. For this reason, every one of the interviewees felt that the care at home could be continued as long as their own ability to function was not substantially impared. On the basis of the research, it can be stated that informal care does not have an effect on the roles inside the family. However, two women interviewees who were cared of by their spouses brought up that their marriage relationships had changed into mere friendships and care relationships. Furthermore, the care recipients experienced that the habits and the daily routines at home had not changed in any way. To conclude, the care recipients' experiences could be summarized as follows: home was percieved as a place of everyday living, the care at home could be adjusted to the functional abilities of the care recipient and finally the roles in the majority of these relationships had remained unchanged. According to the research, the care recipients regarded both informal care and life with close relatives as very important. Therefore, arranging caring services is going to be a major challenge to society: more attention has to be paid on the individuality of informal care and more old people's homes have to be built to enable couples to live together until the end. Nevertheless, further and more comprehensive research on the experiences and life of care recipients is required.


The Digital Watermarking Technique has gained its importance due to its ability to provide the secure mechanism for copyright protection and authenticity of the digital data in this high growing internet and computer technology where the tampering and distribution of digital data illegally from unauthorized users is inevitable. For these two important properties of Digital Watermarking, i.e. Robustness and Imperceptibility of watermarked image must take into consideration. In this paper, invisible robust digital watermarking is proposed using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition in YCbCr Color space. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with some previous works and results found are more robust against various geometric attacks.


Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has been a successful procedure in terms of patient satisfaction in the management of cervical myelopathy and radiculopathy. The procedure involves an anterior approach to the cervical vertebral column and decompression of the neural elements. Aim: A key part of the procedure is the removal of the posterior osteophyte. This is usually performed using a high-speed burr. In inexperienced hands, this part of the procedure can be a challenging one. Materials: Egg, egg cup, zinc oxide tape and high-speed burr. Conclusion: We describe a simple and cost effective method of practicing this manoeuver, enabling the trainee to gain sufficient confidence in handling the tool around delicate tissues.


An all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) has been demanded among academics and industries due to its advantages in the complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology process. In the ADPLL, one of the crucial blocks is the digital-controlled oscillator (DCO), which is a combination of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). In this work, the approach of the CMOS inverter ring oscillator is designed using Cadence OrCad Capture with CMOS 90 nm technology process. The ring oscillator is designed with different stages, which are 3-stage, 5-stage, and 7-stage configurations. At the output of every stage, a 0.001pF capacitor is connected as a capacitance load. The result shows that the oscillation period started for the 7-stage is 0.1 ns, which is faster than the 5-stage and the 3-stage of the ring oscillator, which are 0.6 ns and 0.15, ns respectively. For the power consumption performance, the 3-stage recorded $52.47 \mu \mathrm{W}$ which is the lowest power dissipated compared to others.


This case study investigates design strategies found within messages sent from post-secondary leaders during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It seeks to answer how post-secondary leaders engage digital design strategies in emails to build community, promote public health recommendations, and foster empathy. Guided by a critical-contextual methodology and analysis of thematic codes, a preliminary content analysis indicates some leaders leverage critical design and language techniques to communicate complicated or difficult medical and crisis information while also balancing a concern for humanity.


This paper proposes a polarization diversity antenna that has a half beam width of 60° in the horizontal plane for use in wireless telephony base stations. Specifically, a printed dipole antenna is used as a vertical polarization element and a patch antenna with a hole is used as a horizontal polarization element. With these two combined, a small diversity antenna is constructed. Also, this antenna is analyzed by means of FDTD, confirming the experimental characteristics and elucidating the effect of the antenna parameters on the half beam width in the horizontal plane. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 86(9): 57–66, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.10072


This study examines the effectiveness of overt military intervention in slowing or stopping the killing during ongoing instances of genocide or politicide. Six alternative hypotheses regarding the potential effects of intervention on genocide/politicide severity are tested in a cross-national longitudinal analysis of all ongoing genodices or politicides from 1995 to 1997. The results suggest that interventions that directly challenge the perpetrator or aid the target of the brutal policy are the only effective type of military responses, increasing the probability that the magnitude of the slaughter can be slowed or stopped. Impartial interventions seem to be ineffective at reducing severity, and interventions to challenge the perpetrator do not make matters worse for the targets of genocide or politicide. The findings are consistent with recent arguments that attempts to prevent or alleviate mass killings should focus on opposing, restraining, or disarming perpetrators and/or removing them from power.


The current development of an electric power steering(EPS) system in an automobile is explicated.The structure,types and characteristics of electric power steering system are introduced.The modeling technologies for electric power steering system and control strategies are analyzed and compared.The development trend of electric power steering system in an automobile is also discussed.It is pointed that the electric power steering technology is one orientation of power steering technologies in the future,and which will occupy a predominant position in power steering field.


The preparation experiment of ethyl acetate is a comprehensive experiment which uses drip⁃ ping fractionation device to operate. In the experiment, corrosive drugs such as sulfuric acid are used, volatile and irritating drugs are used such as glacial acetic acid, ethanol, and so on. Using traditional teaching methods: students preview, teachers explain, the experiment process may appear many prob⁃ lems. For example, the harmful substances were produced because of the problem of the order of drop; side reaction was caused due to improper temperature control, the burst boiling was caused by the ab⁃ sence of antiriot agents, et al. Modular teaching can effectively avoid the occurrence of these situa⁃ tions, the effect of experimental teaching will be improved obviously.


This paper aims to study the specificity of "Dutch disease" in Russia. The theoretical basis of the given phenomenon - the booming sector model - is analyzed in detail from the point of view of its applicability under conditions of the Russian economy. The main attention is given to consideration of structural aspects of the problem: sector distribution of factors of production and profitability of branches. From the position of efficiency a number of measures aimed at "Dutch disease" elimination are estimated: protectionism, subsidizing, devaluation.


We study quasiequilibrium solutions of triaxially deformed rotating compact stars -- a generalization of Jacobi ellipsoids under relativistic gravity and compressible equations of state (EOS). For relatively stiff (piecewise) polytropic EOSs, we find supramassive triaxial solutions whose masses exceed the maximum mass of the spherical solution, but are always lower than those of axisymmetric equilibriums. The difference in the maximum masses of triaxial and axisymmetric solutions depends sensitively on the EOS. If the difference turns out to be only about 10%, it will be strong evidence that the EOS of high density matter becomes substantially softer in the core of neutron stars. This finding opens a novel way to probe phase transitions of high density nuclear matter using detections of gravitational waves from new born neutron stars or magnetars under fallback accretion.


In this work, we prove the existence of solution for the following higher-order boundary value problem at resonance $\omega^{(n)}(t)=f(t,\omega(t),\ldots,\linebreak \omega^{(n-2)}(t))$ $n\geq 3,\, t\in (0,1),$ $ \omega(0)=\omega'(0)=\ldots =\omega^{(n-3)}(0)=\omega^{(n-1)}(0)=0,\omega(1)=\frac{n-1}{\eta ^{n-1}} \int_{0}^{\eta }\omega(t)dt;\eta \in (0,1),$ we have relied on Mawhin's coincidence degree theory to get existence results.


The objective of the study was to analyze the use of Role Play to improve the speaking skill of students coursing the Primer Ano de Bachillerato, at Unidad Educativa "Miguel Angel Leon Ponton" in the city of Riobamba, Chimborazo Province, during the academic period 2018-2019. The study was proposed since after some observations, it was evidenced that it is very difficult for students to initiate, maintain and conclude a conversation in the classroom by using English. The study frames into the qualitative approach, in this regard the ethnographic method was used. For the data collection process, it was used an observation which was carried out during some classes and a survey that was applied to the teacher. The instruments were constructed bearing in mind the theoretical basis presented in the theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that the most important factors to accurately apply Role Play in speaking activities were neglected in the pre, while and post stages and so the results are not the desired. It is suggested to take pedagogical courses, since the weaknesses detected in the application of role plays did not affect only to the speaking development but to the learning goals in general and also to keep a better relationship between theory and practice; it will help improve the teacher's professional performance and students' learning goals.


THE Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business (OYAGSB),
Universiti Utara Malaysia is poised to make its mark as a world-class centre of excellence in postgraduate business
and management education. With myriad achievements under its belt, the school aspires to be among the World's Top 100 Business Schools by 2015.


Sparsely vegetated badlands are loci of intense erosion that is sufficiently rapid to have observable effects on human timescales. Characterizing and understanding the physical weathering processes in these settings are key to predicting the temporal variability of regolith production and sediment flux, as well as their evolution under changing climate conditions. Here, we study intra‐annual changes of hillslope properties and explore the relationship between sediment production and transport in steep marly badland catchments of the Draix–Bléone Critical Zone Observatory (SE France), where decades‐long monitoring records show rapid morphological changes. There is evidence for seasonal dynamics of these badlands, but characterization and quantification of physical weathering processes have been lacking up to now. We explore this gap by monitoring key regolith parameters including grain‐size distribution (characterized by D50), surface resistance and water content in the regolith layer (surface to ∼10 cm depth) at different locations, through repeated field surveys over a 2.5‐year period. While water content appears to be directly controlled by the last previous rainfall event, the cyclic annual pattern in observed D50 suggests that loose and finely fragmented regolith is mainly produced and accumulates during the winter season, whereas sediment transport is dominant during spring–summer. This dynamic reduces regolith thickness and induces coarsening of hillslope surface material between early spring and autumn. Principal component analysis (PCA) highlights the strong correlation between resistance and D50. We therefore suggest that D50 provides the best proxy of regolith weathering in these marls. The spatial variability of the regolith was analysed through a geophysical profile, highlighting distinct behaviour depending on slope aspect. However, the distribution of slope angles is independent of aspect at the catchment scale. These results corroborate the strong annual dynamics of these catchments, where hillslopes and gullies are drained during spring and early summer high‐intensity precipitation events, inducing high sediment yields.


AIM To study the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection using triple therapy of Omeprazole (Losec)amoxicillin and low-dose of furazolidone suspension.METHODS Hp associated chronic gastritis or duodenal ulcer patients (n=136) were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (n=46) and Ⅱ (n = 45) were treated with triple therapy of losec, amoxicillin and low-dose furazolidone suspension for 1 week, and 2 weeks. Group Ⅲ(n=45) were treated with triple therapy of colloidal bismuth subcitrate amoxicillin and metronidazole for 2 weeks. The Hp status was determied by rapid urease test and histology of Warthin-Starry silver stain.RESULTS The Hp eradication rates of Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ were 88.9%, 95.5% and 71.4% resPeCtively. The difference of eradication rate between Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅲ, or Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ was significant (P0.05).the difference betWeen Group Ⅰ and Groop Ⅱ was statistically insignificant.The frequency of side effects in Group Ⅲ was higher than that in Group Ⅰ or Ⅱ.CONCLUSION The triple therapy with losec, amoxicillin and low-dose of furazolidone suspesion is an effective and Well tolerated treatment for eradication of Hp infection.


Difficulties encountered in analyzing NMR spectra are greatly multiplied as the number of interacting nuclei increases. The concept of effective internal chemical shifts or effective Larmor frequencies is developed here to simplify the study of complex NMR spectra in which a group of magnetically equivalent nuclei (Xx) is greatly shifted from a strongly coupled group. This concept permits decomposition of a complex NMR spectrum into two or more simpler groups of transitions called subspectra. These subspectra are then analyzed by previously developed methods. It is proved that this decomposition is independent of the nature of the strongly coupled group.A discussion is given of the change in appearance of spectra as the shift of the Xx group from the strongly coupled group is decreased and small deviations from the ``X'' approximation appear. The Xx group is relabeled Kk (x=k) when such deviations appear. The form of this breakdown depends only on x (or k) and is given for general x (or k). Explicit expre...


Yongming Yanshou (904—975),an eminent monk of the Kingdom of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties,is the important man in the transitional period of the Chinese Buddhism from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. His thoughts and activities have exerted a tremendous influence on the Wuyue Buddhist culture and on the Chinese Buddhist culture as a whole. Based on the historical data of Yongming Yanshou's biography,this article introduces and discusses his representative activities,such as utilizing governmental funding to release captive fish and shrimps,mediating at Tiantai,chanting the Lotus Sutra (Saddharma-pundarika-sutra),and keeping a close relationship with King Qian,and his opinion on Buddhist integration and so on. From an ethnological perspective,the article analyzes the interaction between Yongming Yanshou's thoughts activities and the Buddhist culture in the Wuyue Kingdom.


FIELD: manufacture of building materials; manufacture of articles on base of alkaline binders. SUBSTANCE: according to the first version, mix for production of silica brick contains sand, alkaline activator and quick lime which are subjected to joint grinding; used as alkaline activator is sodium sulfate-carbonate - waste of alumina production process; mix contains the following components, mass-%: sodium sulfate, no less than 60; sodium carbonate, no more than 30; silicon oxide, no more than 0.5; aluminum oxide, no more than 3.0; iron oxide, no more than 0.4; moisture content of mix does not exceed 30% at the following ratio of components, mass-%: quick lime, 5-10; activator, 0.5-2.0; the remainder being sand. This mix contains sand, quick lime and activator which are subjected to joint grinding till specific surface of no less than 3000 cm 2 /g has been obtained. Said mix contains additionally fly ash in the amount of 30-40 mass-%; sand, quick lime, activator subjected to joint grinding till specific surface of no less than 3000 cm 2 /g has been obtained before addition of fly ash. According to the second version, mix contains sand, alkaline activator and quick lime which are subjected to joint grinding till specific surface of no less than 3000 cm 2 /g has been obtained; used as alkaline activator is sodium sulfate-carbonate - waste of alumina production process; mix contains the following components, mass-%: sodium sulfate, no less than 60; sodium carbonate, no more than 30; silicon oxide, no more 0.5; aluminum oxide, no more than 3.0; iron oxide, no more than 0.4; moisture content does not exceed 30%; size of sand particles is no more than 2 mm; components are contained at the following ratio, mass-%: sand, 38-63.5; quick lime, 5-10; activator, 0.5-2.0; the remainder being sand at size of particles not exceeding 2 mm. EFFECT: extended sources of raw materials due to use of industrial waste; retained high quality of products. 5 cl, 2 tbl


This specification defines a resource set registration mechanism
between an OAuth 2.0 authorization server and resource server. The
resource server registers information about the semantics and
discovery properties of its resources with the authorization server.


This paper focuses on some temporal adverbial phrases with /que/, taking the couple antes que / antes de que as ground. The differences in this couple are considered non-relevant by some grammaticians, but in fact they correspond with two different structures according with the different nature of /que/.


Although Chateaubriand's representative work"Memoire d'outre-tombe"has exerted profound influence on all posterity,people hold different comments on the book and controversial views on the author himself.A unique perspective has been presented in the epic-like autobiographical great book.Through the analysis on the personal experiences and important events narrated by the author,the character,Chateaubriand,who wanders between sincerity and hypocrisy,sensibility and reasonableness,being republic or being conservative,could be shown.


The performance of an ideal RAKE receiver, which exploits time/frequency diversity, is no different than the performance of an L branch space diversity receiver as shown by Proakis (see Digital Communications, McGraw Hill Book Co., 3rd edition, p.772-806, 1995). Therefore, the expressions for average probability of error for space diversity systems can be used as a starting point for RAKE performance. This paper extends this analysis to incorporate the effects of random path arrival on RAKE BER performance assuming the path arrival may be modeled as a modified (doubly stochastic) Poisson process as was suggested by Turin et. al. (1972) and by Suzuki (1977). The analysis results in a new measure for diversity which is the average number of paths for a given length of the power delay profile. As average number of paths (the Poisson parameter) is not necessarily an integer number, the notion of order of diversity, which is generally described in integer numbers, can be extended to fractional diversity for realistic channels.


Social work aimed at supporting an individual is a multifaceted and interdisciplinary process which requires extensive knowledge. A social worker often encounters the various critical moments of their clients. The need for preparing social workers for working with grieving people especially in the face of the loss of a relation or a death by suicide is one of the neglected aspects of intervention work. A death by suicide, which is often not accepted socially, stigmatises the family and conditions its functioning in society. A social worker needs to gain extensive knowledge on how to assist a family as well as provide them with some 'institutional support' in light of the growing number of suicides of not only adults but also adolescents. It seems that only intersectoral support within the discussed aspect can result in multidimensional assistance for the grieving families. The article attempts to draw attention to the issue of suicide in social work which may result in an enhanced awareness of suicide among social workers and society in light of working with a client, a family or the local community. Intersectoral partnership is unquestionably a necessary condition in undertaking work with a family experiencing grief after a death by suicide.


Chapter 1 Introduction: Purpose, Definitions, Significance Chapter 2 Origins and Development: Tsarist-Soviet Bureaucratic Continuity Chapter 3 Power and Problems Chapter 4 Process, Culture and Style or "The Way Things Work" Chapter 5 Power, Politics and Resistance Chapter 6 Conclusion Chapter 7 Selected Bibliography Chapter 8 Suggested Reading


Direct numerical simulation (DNS) is performed to study high-enthalpy effects on a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) over a curved compression corner. The post-shock flow state behind a wedge flying at Mach 20 and at an altitude of 30 km are chosen for the present simulation. The post-shock temperature is 3400 K, which is high enough to trigger chemical non-equilibrium of the air. A low-enthalpy case is used for comparison. The influences on the instantaneous structures of the streamwise velocity, temperature, and oxygen atoms are examined. The results show that the flow structures are similar on an upstream flat plate in both cases, while on a ramp, streaks of streamwise velocity fluctuations in the high-enthalpy case experience stronger shrink compared with that in the low-enthalpy case. Furthermore, streaks of temperature break into smaller ones when dissociation reactions are introduced. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons are made with the low-enthalpy case; performed using two-point streamwise wall-normal correlation, space–time correlation, and by comparing the propagation velocities of the fluctuations. The results of these analyses validate the observations about the instantaneous fluctuations and show that the differences in the propagation velocity are affected by convection effects and chemical reactions, and that the dissociation reactions accelerate the propagation of temperature fluctuations.


The invention provides an electric fan. The electric fan comprises a touch device, a motor driver and a controller; the touch device comprises a touch induction sliding disc and a touch chip; the touch chip generates touch induction information according to the touched position of the touch induction sliding disc; the motor driver is used for driving a motor of the electric fan to run at the corresponding rotating speed according to a gear control signal; and the controller is connected with the touch chip and the motor driver so as to generate the gear control signal according to the touch induction information, and send the gear control signal to the motor driver. The electric fan has the advantages of being convenient to adjust and operate in wind speed, safe and reliable, saving energy, and being capable of achieving stepless speed change of the rotating speed of the electric fan. The invention further provides a control method of the electric fan.


Article type: Case Report Background: The current report presents the clinical presentations and paraclinical findings of the second confirmed mortality case of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Qom, Iran, with an emphasis on the results of the direct cardiac consequences of COVID-19 infection. Case Report: A 63-year-old male patient was admitted to the Emergency Department of Kamkar-Arabnia hospital in Qom, with productive coughs, chills, anorexia, and fever. The patient had taken no recent trips and had no exposure to individuals with respiratory symptoms. Pulmonary auscultation and related imaging indicated serious pulmonary involvements. Laboratory findings showed evidence of anemia, uremia, hepatic dysfunction, and cardiac involvement, including electrocardiography changes, cardiac enzyme elevation, and relatively large cardiac space in the chest X-ray. Mortality occurred by cardiopulmonary arrest with a prominent feature of asystole and no little response to long durations of resuscitation which could originate from both acute respiratory distress syndrome as well as direct cardiac involvement. Conclusion: Considering the enormous capability of coronaviruses for miscellaneous pathogenesis and outstanding mortality rate of COVID-19, it is necessary to pay more concentrated attention to the direct cardiac consequences of this disease. Article History: Received: 19 August 2020 Revised: 20 September 2020 Accepted: 21 September 2020


This trial was conducted at National Beef Cattle Research Center of Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Beef Cattle). Forty five F1 Aberdeen Angus-Nellore steers were used to evaluate the effects of different dry seasons feeding schemes on carcass characteristics. The treatments were: control, without supplementation (S/S); supplementation in 2nd dry period (S2S); supplementation in 1st dry period (S1S); supplementation in 1st and 2nd dry periods (S12S) and supplementation in 1st dry period and confinament in 2nd one (S1C2). Animals were slaughtered at 460-480 kg of live weight and the treatments effects were evaluated by least square means. Steers with higher nutritional levels in 2nd dry season (S1C2; S2S; S12S) showed more dressing percentage and higher hot and cold carcass weights than those supplemented only in 1st dry period or non supplemented. Animals supplemented only in 1st dry season showed similar carcasses than non supplemented. It was concluded that increasing the 2nd dry season nutritional level is primary to expand the dressing percentage. Supplementation in 1st dry period solitarily does not affect dressing percentage neither carcass quality.


ITN EXPO 2009 From the 15th to the 16th of October the first edition of ITN EXPO: INFRASTRUCTURES, TELEMATICS AND NAVIGATION was held in Turin (Lingotto). ITN 2009 was developed from the combination of two existing events: Infrastructura, an international biennial show dedicated to infrastructural facilities and the conference&expo Telemobility Forum. ITN 2009 offered visitors two days of conferences, informative workshops and seminars of high-level content around the main topics: Infomobility, Infrastructures, Navigation. Workshop conference meetings have been organized with industry managers and public administrators, while thousands of visitors were visiting stands and meeting professionals of the main sectors.


The Department of Mechanical Engineering Enterprise Management at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague has its own doctoral programme, and runs postgraduate and master's courses. The Department is engaged in a great deal of research in the field of marketing, financial and mainly operations management. A new Production and Operations Management programme was started in 1997. The programme consists of: Management of Change and the Importance of Innovations, Forecasting and Operations Strategy, Design of Work Systems, Total Quality Management and Inventory Control, Material Requirements Planning and Just-In-Time Systems, Logistics and Practical exercises. The study programme is organised in two stages, winter and summer semesters. The study programme has a strong international orientation. The teaching goal is to prepare students for dealing with real-world settings and implementing the most effective up-to-date practices. The Department aspires to lead in research, and in developing modern concepts and tools. Research is being conducted in the mechanical engineering industry under a grant from the EU LEONARDO programme. We invite you to email with questions or to schedule a visit to the Department at any time.


A new type of polycarboxylate superplasticizer with high dispersibility was synthesized by the method of free radical polymerization and the hydrothermal reaction. The synthetic process optimized the influencing factors of reaction had been discussed, including proportion of acid and ether, reaction temperature, initiator concentration, heat preservation time and additive. The dispersibility of new product was superior under the condition of low water/cement ratio, testing by gel permeation chromatography and C60 self-compacting concrete. The new product had already been used in Tianjin Goldin 117 Mega Tower project. The performance of C70 fresh mixed self-compacting concrete, which was added with new product, was very excellent in Tianjin Goldin 117 Mega Tower project, and was satisfied with the design code for high-strength self-compacting concrete in China. It is possible to realize industrial production.


The living arrangements of the elderly differ by race and ethnic group because race and ethnicity play a role in regulating health and economic resources as well as normative prescriptions of family support. The authors used Longitudinal Survey on Aging for 1984-90 data on 2827 non-institutionalized unmarried respondents aged 70 years and over in 1984 to explore group differences in the responsiveness to health and economic problems between elderly Whites and minorities. For this study minorities are Hispanics or non-Whites. Markov multi-state life table and event history analyses determined that elderly minorities living alone are more likely than elderly Whites to join their relatives when group differences in the levels of mortality and institutionalization are controlled. The greater incidence of elderly minorities joining relatives is due largely to their greater health and economic problems relative to elderly Whites. Elderly minorities living with relatives from 1984 are more likely than the White elderly of the same health and economic status to experience a transition to living alone.


The paper presents data on the possibilities of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in simulating CCl4induced chronic hepatitis. It has been established that double PRP direct injection into the tissue of the organ leads to a rapid regeneration with normalization of biochemical parameters of the hepatic function, while the animals without PRP correction underwent active fibrosing and reduced protein synthesizing liver function. The experimental data give grounds to assert that the use of platelet-rich plasma is a promising method for stimulating liver regeneration in conditions of chronic hepatitis.


Abstract Continuous and discontinuous cooling tests were performed using a quench deformation dilatometer to develop a comprehensive understanding of the structural and kinetic aspects of the bainite transformation in low carbon TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steels as a function of thermomechanical processing and composition. Deformation in the unrecrystallised austenite region refined the ferrite grain size and increased the ferrite and bainite transformation temperatures for cooling rates from 10 to 90 K s-1. The influence of niobium on the transformation kinetics was also investigated. Niobium increases the ferrite start transformation temperature, refines the ferrite microstructure, and stimulates the formation of acicular ferrite. The effect of the bainite isothermal transformation temperature on the final microstructure of steels with and without a small addition of niobium was studied. Niobium promotes the formation of stable retained austenite, which influences the mechanical properties of TRIP steels. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained after isothermal holding at 400°C in the niobium steel containing the maximum volume fraction of retained austenite with acicular ferrite as the predominant second phase.


This paper summarizes a prototyping effort pertaining to the design and development of a raster image re-projection web service. The goal of the effort is to identify the complexities of interoperable service design and the feasibility of service chaining in a GIS Web Services architecture. A description of a preliminary web interface and the implementation options considered for the prototype are described. The paper also summarizes the experience of chaining this service with OGC Web Mapping Services. In the process, the paper highlights the difficulties arising from the lack of standards in the areas of projection systems representation and geo-referenced raster imagery encodings. The paper also discusses the limitations of legacy GIS systems in accommodating the requirements of a generic re-projection service. Lessons learned about basic requirements for efficient service chaining are presented in the areas of performance and reliability of services, ease of access to services and their capabilities, and the need for simple solutions.


We developed an intelligently controlled ankle foot orthosis (I-AFO) with compact Magneto-rheological fluid brakes to gain walking function closer to normal gait, and we have been studying to control the plantarflexion and dorsiflexion of ankle joint. In this study, we placed foot-switches in a short leg brace (I-AFO) that was developed from our conventional studies and evaluated the walking state with their use. We also created a control method that adjusted the torque according to the walking state in detail. Further, we applied this orthosis to a patient with lower limb disability, and adjusted the braking torque and control time for this patient's walking characteristics. As a result, walking was improved compared to other walking conditions (bare foot and plastic AFO walking). These results demonstrated the effectiveness of ankle control by I-AFO using MR fluid brakes.


Several six-membered ring anhydrides and imides of known absolute configuration have been synthesized and their c.d. spectra measured. It has been established that the shape of the c.d. curves of anhydrides is generally similar to those of the corresponding imides. The Cotton effect sign of relatively rigid bicyclic compounds is correctly predicted by the octant rule. The c.d. spectra of substituted glutaric anhydrides and imides are discussed in terms of the conformational equilibria between half-boat and twist-boat conformers. The geometries and relative energies of these forms have been calculated by the molecular mechanics method.


The higher education environment has changed faster than the ability of higher education to respond; the competition becomes more intense, complex and dynamic, making some polytechnics can thrive, survive and others are stopping operations. This study was conducted to examine the profile of 29 polytechnics in West Java to achieve organizational performance. Research results show that polytechnic performance is affected by the quality of the execution and its competitive advantage, which are determined by the precision and alignment strategies with organizational competence. The model findings of this study could be an analysis tool to solve the polytechnics survival problems, how to face the intense competition and changing environment.


The Synthesis of (2E)‐2‐methyl‐3‐(4‐{[4‐(quinolin‐2‐ylmethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl) prop‐2‐enoic acid (VUFB 20609) and racemic 2‐methyl‐3‐(4‐{[4‐(quinolin‐2‐ylmethoxy) phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)propanoic acid (VUFB 20584) as new potential antileukotrienic drugs are described. Due to a low reactivity of the 4‐substituted aryl bromides (coupling of the 4‐substituted aryl bromides do not provide an activating functional group with 4‐methoxybenzene‐1‐thiol), special conditions, in particular specific heterogeneous copper catalysts, were used. Catalytic hydrogenation of the conjugated double bond on Pd/C in the presence of the sulfanyl group is discussed. In‐vitro cytotoxicity testing was performed using a microplate colorimetric acid phosphatase assay. Antiplatelet activity was evaluated using an in‐vitro test in human platelet‐rich plasma. Some substances inhibited arachidonic acid‐induced platelet aggregation.


The reefs widely developed from Sinian to Neogene in China,with main reef-forming stages in Devonian,Permian and Neogene,respectively.The combinatorial types of reef-forming organisms and reef-inserted organisms were fairly different during different geological periods,and the reefs varied respectively in type, size and feature.The development of reefs was controlled by the tectonic setting,sea-level movement,paleogeographic environment and evolution of reef-forming organisms.The reefs are closely related to oil and gas reservoirs and metal deposits in spacial distribution,which can be considered that they might have genetic relations with each other.The authors summarized the progress in the research of the reefs in China over the last 20 years,and proposed that using integrative methods can forecast successfully the development and distributions,ofthe perdu reefs,so as to search out the reef-type oil and gas reservoirs and metal deposits.


Down syndrome or constitutional trisomy 21 was linked to leukemia for the first time in a case report published in 1930 since then, down syndrome has been recognized as one of the most important leukemia – predisposing syndromes and patients with down syndrome and leukemia have unique clinical features and significant differences in treatment response toxicity profiles compared to patients without down syndrome. Abstract


Objective To investigate whether metallothionein (MT) influences necrosis and expression of bcl-2 and bax in random pattern skin flaps of rats. Methods After flap operation, the rats in MT group were injected with MT, and those in control group received an injection of drug-free saline. Survival rate of the flaps was measured and the changes in the tissue were observed under the light microscopy. By using Doppler, the blood flow of flap was measured. The expression of bcl-2 and bax was detected. Results The survival area in MT group ( 69. 88 ± 3.12) % was significantly greater ( P 〈 0. 01 ) than that in control group ( 60. 65 - 2. 98 ) %. There were more inflammatory cells in control group than in MT group. LDF in MT group was significiently higher than that in control group (P 〈0. 01) 1st h, 2nd h, 3rd h, 6th h, 1st day, 3rd day, 6th and 7th day postoperatiou and at the 10th day postoperation (P 〈0. 05). At the 3rd day postoperation, the expression of bcl-2 in MT group (2. 98 ± 0. 23 ) was significantly higher than that in control group ( 1.24 ± 0. 11 ) ( P 〈 0. 01 ). The expression of bax in MT group (0. 09 ± 0. 02) was significantly lower than that in control group ( 0. 23 ± 0. 09 ) ( P 〈 0. 01 ). Conclusion MT can affect the expression of bcl-2 and bax and significantly promote survival of skin flap.

Key words:
Surgical flap;  Metallothionein;  Apoptosis


Parent educational involvement is an important avenue for enhancing student outcomes. Schools seek myriad ways to include families; however, the parent involvement practices used by schools lack coordination and are disconnected from existing school approaches. Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) is a systematic and coordinated framework used in more than 19,000 schools to support student behavior. Despite its success, PBIS implementation underemphasizes comprehensive systems for engaging families. The purpose of this article is to present a framework of family engagement within PBIS. The purpose of coordinating and sequencing family engagement within PBIS is to increase the efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, and durability of PBIS by supporting students across settings. Furthermore, this model extends current parent involvement frameworks by coordinating systematic family engagement in education.


ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Salil Sukumaran is first author on ' Abnormalities in migration of neural precursor cells in familial bipolar disorder', published in DMM. Salil is a senior scientific officer in the lab of Biju Viswanath at the Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India, investigating the role of cellular migration in bipolar disorder.


The utility model belongs to the technical field about the mechanical part, in particular relates to an improved technique on spring. The utility model is made of spiral-wound metal wire, the sectional dimension of which is gradually getting larger along the length. The shape of the wire section is round, quadrate or the other regular graphics. The number of turns of the spring is 4 to 20. The utility model can bear a wider range of press and vibration, and the product is flexible and sensitive in reaction when the press and the vibration are small, while rigid and elastic when the press and the vibration are large.


There is a shortage of nurses in America.  This article provides an applied example of the value of ethnographic/qualitative research in an urban hospital's emergency room to identify factors associated with nurse turnover and low morale.  A narrative that identifies some of the underlying problems in a hospital's emergency room is provided.  The authors challenge public administration research methods courses to broaden their focus and incorporate more qualitiative methods.


The utility model relates to a powder puff device which comprises a powder box. The utility model comprises a powder puff component which is provided with a cover, and a powder box component which is provided with an outlet passage used for exhausting powder from the powder box containing the powder to the cover of the powder puff component. Therefore, an assembly of the powder puff component and the powder box component can be easily and conveniently used for dressing users' faces at any place and any time.


The optimal policy for load-leveling in local area networks have been depends critically on the nature of the workload, but little attention has been given to educational LANs whose workloads are atypical because their main purpose is to control the distribution of software. The authors review the characteristics of this class of network, where response time is the dominant criterion for judging policies for allocating tasks among servers. A study of the response times of various policies through a combination of closed-form queueing theory models and discrete-event simulations revealed that cache memory in the server was the critical bottleneck and led the authors to select one of these policies in the expectation that it would improve response time substantially. Experience has confirmed the authors' predictions.<<ETX>>


The study was conducted in selected Hospitals, Erode. The populations of the study were selected from Bewell hospital And Erode Emergency Care Hospital Erode. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the patient. There were 60 patients selected for the study with the predetermined criteria for inclusion. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of foot reflexology on blood pressure among patients with hypertension.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the blood pressure among patients with hypertension admitted at selected Hospitals, Erode.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of foot reflexology on blood pressure among patients with hypertension admitted at selected Hospitals, Erode.
3. To associate the blood pressure among patients with hypertension with their selected socio demographic and clinical variables admitted at selected Hospital, Erode.
HYPOTHESES:
H1 : There is a significant difference between the mean pre-test and post test blood pressure in experimental group among patients with hypertension admitted at selected hospitals, Erode.
H2 : There is a significant difference between post test blood pressure in experimental and control group patients with hypertension admitted at selected Hospitals, Erode.
H3 : There is a significant association between blood pressure among patients with hypertension with their selected socio demographic and clinical variables admitted at selected Hospitals, Erode.
ASSUMPTION:
Therapeutic application of foot reflexology may decrease elevated blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Hypertension may interferes with the activity of daily living.
The conceptual framework for this study was based on Wiedenbach's Helping Art of Clinical Nursing Theory. This theory directs action towards the explicit goal, and the goal here is reduced the blood pressure among patients with hypertension.A true experimental study was used in the study. The independent variable was foot reflexology and dependent variable was blood pressure. This study was conducted at Bewell Hospital and Erode Emergency Care Hospital, Erode. The accessible hypertensive patients admitted in nephrology ward at Bewell Hospital, Erode.
The study subjects were selected using the simple random sampling technique and were assigned to experiment group and control group (30 in each group). The data collection tools used were
1. Socio demographic variable,
2. Clinical Variable,
3. Standardized Blood pressure chart.
The content validity of the tool was established with the help of 5 experts. Pilot study was conducted on 10 subjects to find out the feasibility of the study and it did not show any major flaw in the design of the study. After pilot study, reliability of the tool of the blood pressure rating scale was assessed by using split half method. Correlation coefficients are 0.81 and 0.85. These coefficients are very high and it is good tool for assessing the effectiveness of foot Reflexology among hypertensive patient. The main study was conducted and the data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
The findings of the study showed that there was a very high significant difference between the post test score of blood pressure in foot reflexology treated group and non treated group. The significant difference of blood pressure level between the experimental and control group. (t = 4.34, P < 0.001 which is very high).
CONCLUSION:
The statistical evidence proved that the foot reflexology had reduced the blood pressure among patients with hypertension who were admitted selected hospital, Erode. When compared with the control group. Hence the researcher concluded that foot reflexology is effective intervention to reduce the blood pressure among patients with hypertension in other settings.


With the Three Gorges project expected to be completed ahead of schedule, Neil Ford writes that its success may help encourage further hydro developments in China.


OBJECTIVE
To review recent literature pertaining to adverse outcomes and mortality associated with office-based surgery.

STUDY SELECTION
Representative articles from the general and plastic surgery, medical, health regulatory, and dermatology literature.

DATA EXTRACTION
Information regarding which surgical treatments should be performed, which specialties should perform them, what level of anesthesia is appropriate, and who should administer it was assessed, with particular attention to issues of patient safety.

CONCLUSIONS
Office-based surgery is safe and cost-effective. We caution against attempts to prohibit or severely restrict this important aspect of medical care.


The peculiar chromatic element discussed under this name in several recent papers is one that gives promise of throwing considerable light upon the nature of the chromosomes. So long as all chromosomes of the nucleus were observed to pass through a cycle of changes apparently identical in each case, there was little chance to gain an insight into their interrelations. With the discovery of the accessory chromosome and the recognition of its true chromosomic character, however, there has been offered an opportunity to draw comparisons and so to formulate conclusions which, in time, are certain to materially increase our knowledge of these most important nuclear structures. In recognition of this fact, and with the hope of hastening such a desirable end, I have devoted some time to the study of the accessory chromosome and have also encouraged students in my laboratory to direct their attention to it. Much material has been collected, and is still being accumulated, in order that as broad a view of the subject as possible could be obtained. Since, however, the difficulties involved in securing and preparing material from widely different forms would unduly delay the attainment of any comparative results, I have confined my studies largely to the Orthoptera. This has been done in the belief that more substantial good can be derived from a thorough knowledge of a limited group than from a superficial acquaintance with a wider field. Once the basic principles underlying the cellular phenomena of one group are discovered, their recognition in other forms will be rendered much easier. As a result of the studies so far pursued, it has been found that individual forms rarely present all the details of a problem equally well. Different species excel in the clearness with which certain points are brought out. A feature obscure in one species will appear distinct enough in another while for the elu-


The Individualized Family Service Plan(IFSP),put forward in the Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986 in the US,aims to provide early intervention services for infants and young children aged 0-3 with disabilities for the purpose of improving their growth and development.This study introduces the IFSP,its content,and the requirements for its implementation so as to provide reference for China in the development and implementation of the law on early intervention services for young children with disabilities,as well as in government support,staff training,and parental involvement.


This paper examines the work of Dutch academic and journalist, Paul Scheffer, and its location in a broader 'crisis of Dutch liberalism' following the murder of Theo van Gogh. It discusses Scheffer's original provocative newspaper piece, 'The Multicultural Drama' and how its arguments evolved in his book, Land of Arrival (translated into English as Immigrant Nations), in the context of the overall transformation of the Netherlands from a country of emigration into a country of immigration. It concludes with some reflections on the expression of many of these concerns as a new kind of 'civilizing offensive' in the context of the effects of globalisation.


The purpose of this research is to describe, identify and analyze students' spatial intelligence in working on geometry problems according to Van Hiele's theory. The method used in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Tarakan. The research instrument used was the Van Hiele geometric thinking level test and spatial ability test, interview guides and documentation. Prior to use, the test, an interview guide, was first validated. The data analysis technique will be used in 4 stages, namely collecting, reducing, presenting, and concluding all the data obtained. The results of this study are that students with high spatial intelligence (KST) are at the level of informal deductive thinking (level 3) where at this ability students are able to know the relationship between shapes. While students with moderate spatial intelligence (SCC) are at the level of analytical thinking (level 2), namely the ability to know and mention the properties of flat shapes. Students with low spatial intelligence (KSR) are at the level of visualization thinking (level 1). In conclusion, it is important for teachers to know students' abilities in learning geometry by paying attention to the level of geometric thinking, being able to use the Van Hiele Geometry learning model, increasing spatial intelligence and van Hiele levels can be done through training involving geometric media or software (geogebra).

Keywords: spatial intelligence, geometry, level of thinking, Van Hiele


A field study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a mixed grass crop, sun- flower (Helianthus annuus), or ragweed {Ambrosia trifida) and several amendments in revegetation and treatment of soil severely contaminated with lead, cadmium and zinc. Amendments included composted municipal solid waste, dried sewage sludge, citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (single and multiple applications), and control. The mixed grass crop was capable of growth on all treatments. Soil Pb and Zn occurred primarily in the carbonate, organic-bound and residual forms (23.1%, 31.8%, and 44.4%, Pb, respectively, and 11.4%, 26.5%, and 60.2% Zn, respectively) as determined by sequential extraction. The MSW and SS treatments resulted in greatest plant cover and dry matter production on the field plots. Dry matter production was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the municipal solid waste (1.09 MT/ha) and dried sewage sludge (95 MT/ha) treatments. The single EDTA treatment resulted in signifi- cantly (P < 0.05) increased Pb uptake when compared to the other treatments. The EDTA, citric acid and municipal solid waste significantly (P < 0.05) increased Cd uptake by plants. In a growth chamber leaching study, soil Pb leached most from the 0.5 M EDTA treatment; the citric acid, mixed NPK fertilizer, municipal solid waste, sewage sludge and control treatments resulted in negligible leaching. Phytostabil- ization in combination with organic amendments may be the most appropriate technology to ensure sta- bilization of soil metals at this site.


In this study, fluorescent/magnetic dual-functional hollow nanospheres conducted by ternary CdMnS nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile Ostwald-ripening process. The as-prepared hollow nanospheres exhibited bright and tunable emission under excitation with a 365 nm UV light coupled with a strong MR signal, suggesting their promising applications in bioimaging.


The invention provides a protection circuit and method of an LED device. The circuit is composed of a first comparator, a protection signal generation circuit, a sampling voltage acquisition circuit and a first reference voltage acquisition circuit. A first input terminal of the first comparator is connected with an output terminal of the sampling voltage acquisition circuit; a second input terminal of the first comparator is connected with an output terminal of the first reference voltage acquisition circuit; and an output terminal of the first comparator is connected with an input terminal of the protection signal generation circuit. A first comparator is used for comparing a sampling voltage outputted by the sampling voltage acquisition circuit with a first reference voltage outputted by the first reference voltage acquisition circuit and outputting a pulse signal according to a comparison result; and the protection signal generation circuit is used for generating a protection signal when the pulse signal meets a preset condition. According to the invention, an output load is turned off when an angle of a light modulator decreases, so that the light modulator and the output load can be protected effectively.


Significance Cerebral vascular reactivity is critical parameters of brain homeostasis in health and disease, but the investigational value of brain oxymetry is diminished by anesthesia and mechanical fixation of the mouse scull. Aim We needed to reduce the physical restrictivity of hemodynamic spectroscopy to enable Alzheimer's disease (AD) studies in freely-moving mice. Approach We combined spectroscopy, spectral analysis software and a magnetic, implantable device to measure vascular reactivity in unanesthetized, freely-moving mice. We measured cerebral blood volume fraction (CBVF) and oxygen saturation (SO2). Results We validated that our system could detect delayed cerebrovascular recovery from hypoxia in an orthotopic xenograft glioma model under anesthetized condition and we also found increased CBVF and impaired vascular reactivity during hypercapnia in a freely-moving mouse model of AD compared to wild-type littermates. Conclusions Our optomechanical approach to reproducibly getting light into and out of the brain enabled us to successfully measure CBVF and SO2 during hypercapnia in unanesthetized freely-moving mice. We present hardware and software enabling oximetric analysis of metabolic activity, which provides a safe and reliable method for rapid assessment of vascular reactivity in murine disease models as well as CBVF and SO2.


Massive dolostones replacing build-ups and containing H2S of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) origin occur in the Upper Permian reef and bank deposits, northeastern Sichuan, China, despite the absence of gypsum or anhydrite deposits, which are usually present in TSR cases. Fluid chemistry from fluid incluions and δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr values from different diagenetic phases were measured to determine the dolomitization regime, and to assess the relationships between the occurrence of dolomitization and H2S accumulation. Dolomitization was initiated by seawater with slightly increased salinities (penesaline) at shallow depths prior to chemical compaction. The micro- to fine-crystalline cloudy dolomite formed with relatively high Na and Sr contents, and with δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr values (2.2‰∼4.8‰, −3.9‰∼-5.0‰ and 0.70724∼0.70746, respectively) inherited from seawater. The evaporation of Permian seawater in back-reef and inter-reef lagoons during sea-level fall and the subsequent seepage reflux into reef-beach bodies led to greater Mg2+ and SO42− concentrations in higher-salinity pore waters. Further massive dolomitization was promoted by compactional flow of hotter residual seawater at shallow to intermediate depths and resulted in the formation of fine- to medium-crystalline clean dolomite with lower Na and Sr contents, more depleted δ18O values (-5.1‰∼-6.0 ‰), andδ13C (2.5‰∼4.8 ‰) and 87Sr/86Sr values (0.70726∼0.70741) similar to those of the coeval seawater. The relatively closed hydrodynamic system during burial facilitated SO42− preservation. The whole dolomitization process enriched porewater SO42−, which have been almost exhausted by subsequent TSR, accounting for the high present-day concentrations of H2S. The output of this study shows that similar scenarios involving dolomitization driven by condensed MgSO4 seawater and H2S accumulations can occur in evaporite-free settings across a broad range and deserves special attention during deep oil/gas exploitation.


The study of the optical rotatory properties of synthetic polypeptides in organic solvents has contributed considerably to our understanding of the structural organization of globular proteins. However, in contrast to the extensive literature which has accumulated in the past decade on the various polyamino acids (l-3), relatively little work has been done on actual proteins in organic solvents. Weber and Tanford (4) have studied the hydrodynamic behavior and the rotatory dispersion properties of ribonuclease in 2chloroethanol and 2-chloroethanolwater mixtures. The conversion of the native structure of the protein to a more helical structure in chloroethanol-rich solutions has been interpreted by these authors in terms of weakening and destruction of hydrophobic regions in the native protein fold. Sage and Singer (5) have found that the structural alterations in ethylene glycol lead to the normalization of the titration behavior of the three abnormally ionizing tyrosyl residues in this enzyme without any significant alterations in the helical content or irreversible loss of catalytic activity. Presumably, the abnormal tyrosyls are buried in nonhelical hydrophobic regions of ribonuclease. The optical rotatory and hydrodynamic properties of P-lactoglobulin in mixed solvents, containing up to 80% nonaqueous component, have been studied by Tanford et al. (6-8). These studies and studies by others in mixed solvents have led to the hypothesis that hydrophobic forces (9-13) play an important stabilizing role in the maintenance of the native structure of proteins as well as nucleic acids (1416) in aqueous media. Recently, Hamaguchi et al. (17-19) have published a detailed study on the solvent denaturation of lysozyme, employing a variety of organic solvents as denaturing agents. The effects of 2-chloroethanol on the rotatory properties of a number of proteins have been reported by Imahori, Klemperer, and Doty (20) (see also References 1 and 2) and very recently by Shechter and Blout (21,22). These are the only further studies which could serve to augment the findings of the accompanying paper (23) which deals with the extension of the solvent perturbation method of difference spectroscopy to the study of proteins and polypeptides in organic solvents. The need for auxiliary information prompted us to examine the optical rotatory properties of the seven proteins employed in the above paper. The denaturing solvents used in the present work are ethylene glycol, acidic methanol, 2-chloroethanol, 8 M urea, and, in some cases, formic acid. For comparison, we also report the rotatory properties of these proteins in aqueous media. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE'


Background Many techniques for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) have been described. There is a trend towards the use of double-bundle techniques for the reconstruction of the ACL. Such techniques aim to reconstruct both bundles, and, theoretically, should provide a superior construct that would reduce rates of failure and improve the functional anatomy. In this study, the clinical results of double-bundle ACL reconstruction have been reported. Patients and methods Between 2008 and 2010, 19 patients suffering from ACL tear were treated using double-bundle ACL reconstruction. Results The objective International Knee Documentation Committee score and the modified Cincinnati subjective score were significantly higher in the double-bundle technique. The pivot-shift test was negative in 97% of the patients. Conclusion The main advantage of double-bundle rather than single-bundle reconstruction is its better rotational stability.


This paper presents the basic principles and methods of Simulating Dislocations Using O-lattice.Based on Bollmann's O-lattice theory,the science calculation software,matlab,was used to establish a dislocation network on the interface of two bcc(or fcc)crystals.A single O-cell were and multiple O-cells simulated firstly,and then the dislocation configuration on the interface with an arbitrary crystal orientation for bcc crystals was simulated.


Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a condition seen in around 2–10% of patients with malignancy where the standard diagnostic workup fails to identify a specific tissue from which the tumor has arisen. As the survival of these patients is short, around 6–10 months, it becomes important to adopt newer technologies which aid in identifying the type of primary tumor so that the treatment can be guided based on the cancer type. Commonly used immunohistochemistry (IHC) panels may sometimes fail in providing a diagnosis as the CUP tissues contain usually either undifferentiated or dedifferentiate cells. Molecular cancer-classifier assay (MCCA) is an emerging diagnostic modality which is based on either gene expression profiling of the tumors or identification of epigenetic pattern of the tissues to make a probable diagnosis of the tissue from which the primary tumor may have arisen. Studies have shown that when tailored site-specific treatment was administered based on the outcomes of the MCCAs; an improvement in survival of the patients was seen. Recent NCCN guidelines suggest that the MCCAs should be used judiciously and on a case-to-case basis. The 2018 consensus statement from the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology recognizes that the MCCAs are helpful when used to complement IHC, allowing for more accurate diagnosis of the primary site of tumor.


Most Americans are familiar with heart disease and with the consequences of blockages in the vessels that carry blood to and from the heart. But few people realize that blockages caused by a buildup of plaque and cholesterol affect more than coronary arteries. Arteries throughout the body carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, so blockages can occur in all arteries with serious effects. Three of the most recognized vascular diseases include:


RESULTS In total 47 patients, 4 patients (8.5%) had Stage I, 38 patients (80.8%) had Stage II, and 5 patients (10.6%) had Stage III bladder cancer. About 76.9% of patients had invasive urothelial, 3.8% of patients had squamous and micropapillary carcinoma, and 19.2% of had other (adenocarcinoma) histopathological type. Gender, age, family cancer history, hematuria, smoking, bladder carcinoma type, Charlson CoMorbidity Index, RT dose, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, metastasis side, acute and late toxicity, and follow-up duration of patients showed insignificant differences according to stage (p>0.05). We found that overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS) were statistically significant according to the stages (p<0.05). DFS for Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) >70 group (25.97±19.06) was higher than KPS <70 group (2.37±1.53) with statistically significant difference (p<0.05).


It is currently accepted that leukocytes within platelet preparations are responsible for augmenting the alloimmune response. Using a well-characterized murine model, we have attempted to understand how the presence of residual mononuclear cells (MC) with the platelets may affect recipient imrnunity. 10' leukofree platelets from severe cornbined immunodeficient (SClD) mice with or without titrations of MC were transfùsed into allogeneic mice and splenic cytotoxicity was measured at 72 hours post transfusion using a 5'chrornium-release assay. Compared with nontransfbsed mice, leukofiee SCID mouse platelets did not generate significant levels of cytotoxicity. In contrast. however. SCID mouse platelets with MC added at llpl stimulated significant levels of nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity appeared to correlate with reduced alloantibody formation observed when 1 MCIpI was present among the plateiets. These results suggest that the low numbers of residual MC within allogeneic platelets are responsible for stirnulating recipient. NO-dependent. cellular cytotoxicity, which rnay affect platelet-induced alloantibody responsiveness.


There are a lot of articles in the literature concerning description of insanity acquittees—demographics, diagnoses, frequency and success of the plea, results of release, and examiner characteristics. This article is one of few that examines retrospectively the appropriateness of insanity pleas and verdicts, and discusses possible reasons for inappropriate Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity (NGRI) verdicts.


Abstract Tax governance faces more complex challenges with the deepening integration between traditional industries and the digital economy. This paper analyzes the main features of the digital economy according to its development, measures the digital economy based on the mixed-frequency data sampling method, and studies the selection method of the weight function and the change of the shape of the weight function with the parameters through the exploration of parameter estimation. Meanwhile, the MF-VAR model combining vector autoregression is proposed for the characteristics of mixed-frequency data. Then, the MF-VAR model is used to measure the tax leakage of the digital economy from 2015 to 2019 and compare its tax rate with that of major economies worldwide. The VAT of e-commerce e-tailing in 2019 is measured to be 848.15 billion yuan, accounting for 4.97% of the annual tax revenue, and the personal income tax leakage is measured to be 141.25 billion yuan, accounting for The amount of VAT, and personal income tax loss from e-commerce and their proportion of annual tax revenue increased year by year from 2015 to 2019, with an average annual growth rate of 40.58% and 25.21%, respectively. Tax authorities should change the traditional thinking of levy and administration, respond to the changes of the times, and innovate the governance system to protect the digital economy model in its primary stage, but also bring its development into the rule of law and standardization.


Cardiovascular (CV) disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in adults with type 2 diabetes [1], because accompanied other risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, prothrombic and proinflammatory factors each contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus [2]. Still, the pathophysiologic mechanisms accounting for a substantially increased risk for CAD in adult type 2 diabetes remain unclear. A great efforts for discovery and validation of the novel risk factors in order to potentially identify high-risk individuals that may benefit from aggressive preventive strategies have been performed nowadays.


This paper discusses the importance of managing liabilities in the nuclear industry and considers the main ingredients which make for successful liabilities management. It looks specifically at UKAEA's experience to date and lists its key management principles, including the use of the liabilities management ratio which is the company's current bottom-line performance measure.


This study examined the differential impact of an educational intervention on high school students' career maturity based on gender. Dimensions of career maturity investigated include congruence, career certainty, career indecision, career decision-making self-efficacy and career exploration. Females were found to increase significantly in congruence and decrease significantly in career indecision as a result of the intervention. Males' career decision-making self-efficacy was positively and significantly affected by the intervention, and the extent of their career engagement was found to have been significantly and negatively affected. These gender differences suggest the development of career maturation occurs differentially for males and females.


Allylic polyenyl diphosphates such as geranyl and (E,E,E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphates are ubiquitous substrates for monoterpene and diterpene synthases and transferases in isoprenoid biosynthesis. These enzyme substrates were prepared in asymmetrically labeled form by reduction of 1-deuterio aldehyde precursors with (R)- and (S)-Alpine boranes®, conversion into diethyl phosphates, and SN2 displacements with tris(tetrabutylammonium) pyrophosphate which occurred slowly with essentially complete inversion of configuration over 2-5 days. The 8α- and 8β-hydroxy-17-nor analogs (13 and 14) of copalyl diphosphate as well as the (15R)-deuterium-labeled form of 13 were similarly prepared from nor-diols 11, (15S)-[15-2H1]-11, and 12 by means of regioselective phosphorylation of the allylic hydroxy groups and displacements with pyrophosphate anion. The configurations and enantiopurities of the deuterium-labeled geraniols, before and after the SN2 displacements, and the diastereopurity of the bicyclic keto alcohol intermediate (15S)-[15-2H1]-15 were determined by conversion into (1S)-camphanate esters and 1H-NMR analysis. Amino alcohol 18 was similarly converted into amino diphosphate 19, 15-aza-14,15-dihydro GGPP, a potential aza analog inhibitor for diterpene synthases which generate stereoisomeric forms of copalyl diphosphate.


Initiating soon after PGC specification, female germ cells undergo reactivation of the silenced X chromosome during genome wide reprogramming. However, the kinetics and dynamics of XCR in vivo have remained poorly understood. To address this here we perform a global appraisal of XCR using high-dimensional techniques. Using F1 B6 v CAST mouse embryos, we perform a detailed assessment, applying single-cell RNA-seq and chromatin profiling on germ cells purified from E10.5 to E16.5. While scRNA-seq profile showed that male and female germ cells are transcriptionally indistinct at E11.5, they are sexually dimorphic by E12.5, diverging further through development to E16.5. With allelic resolution, we show that the reactivating X chromosome is only partly active at E10.5, then reactivates gradually and reaches near parity in output to the constitutively active X chromosome at ∼E16.5 when developing oogonia are meiosis prophase I. Crucially, we show that sexually dimorphic dosage compensation patterns observed in germ cells, occur in tandem with an increase in the allelic proportion from the reactivating X chromosome. While Xist is extinguished from E10.5, the epigenetic memory of earlier XCI in female cells persists much longer, likely from self-sustained PRC2 complex (Ezh2 / Eed / Suz12) function. The reactivating X chromosome is enriched in the epigenetic silencing mark H3K27me3 at E13.5, which is removed by E16.5 permitting gene expression. Our findings link XCR, along with functional regulation of PRC2 in promoting female meiosis.


The corruption in medical sector is an issue facing the whole world,and the rise of which not only correlates with the common aspects,but also relies on different medical system respectively.In developing or transitional countries,the medical corruption is especially rampant.This article reviews the economic literature concerning to medical corruption.Firstly we analyze the causes of the corruption,pointing out that transitional nation have its characteristics of the times.Secondly,we consider the specific aspects on medical corruptions,focusing on the informal payment commonly used in transitional countries.In the end,to conclude the analysis,we present some policy suggestions to China's issue.


Abstract : Starting with the frictionless flow equations, governing equations for viscous compressible flow are developed from a physical molecular transport model by forming a first perturbation of the average flow property value transported across a surface element by two distinct groups of molecules. This results in a continuity equation with viscous correction terms. (Author)


Excerpt Biochemical studies in the metabolism of sterols have resulted in the accumulation of a vast amount of information concerning sterol content (usually recorded as cholesterol, either free or...


The invention mortar stumps vertical Impact mill for waste concrete crushing to to to not incorporated the other hand to remove the mortar adhering to the surface of the recycled aggregates provide quality recycled aggregate and sand to recycled aggregate made of the waste concrete in the construction waste It relates to, in part, will be produced in the spindle to provide a centrifugal force to the recycled aggregate on the crushed waste concrete vertical spindle impact mill for which to increase the crushing force of the recycled aggregates. The present invention is constant in the upper outer side of the made and the rotary plate and the rotary plate for rotation and install by spacing the body with a certain distance inside the lower side of the body and the body the lining is provided with inwardly and transmits the rotation power to the cylinder gap to leave the installation and the method, respectively, the rotating plate pieces incline in combination with one side overlapping with each other on the spindle piece of shape but manufactured on the spindle, such as a chuck steak the vertical impact mill comprising an impactor which is installed a rubber cap is ssuiwojyeo body lining and off have to be made by, the tumblers fell aggregate pieces will be subjected to centrifugal force, while moving side to ride the slopes made the effective discharge to the outside without stagnating on the spindle. Waste concrete, recycled aggregate, impact mills, rotary plate pieces


In Lumajang Regency, the coverage of Desa dan Kelurahan Siaga Aktif Puri in 2018 around 15% out 70% target set. The active performance of midwives in development of Desa dan Kelurahan Siaga Aktif is highly expected. They have a role in managing Desa dan Kelurahan Siaga Aktif. This study was a quantitative study aimed to analysis differences of midwives job performance managing desa/kelurahan siaga aktif with puri strata and Non pur strata in Lumajang Regency 2018. The results showed there was significantly different between Desa and Kelurahan Siaga Aktif with Puri Strata and non Puri in Lumajang Regenc among facilities and infrastructure (p = 0,000), training (p = 0.004) and community support (p = 0,000) There was no difference between knowledge variables (p = 0.107), years of service (p = 0.483), domicile (p = 0.546), intrinsic motivation (p = 0.756), extrinsic motivation (p = 0.151), supervision (p = 0.660), midwife performance (p = 0.105) with strata of Desa dan Kelurahan Siaga Aktif Puri with non Puri in Lumajang Regency.It can be concluded midwives among Desa dan Kelurahan Siaga Aktif strata Puri have different facilities and infrastructure, training, community support from the midwives Desa and Kelurahan Siaga Aktif strata non Puri.


The coastal zone in The Netherlands consists mainly of sand dunes. During storms and increased hydraulic conditions these dunes will erode. The section of these dunes that is sensitive to erosion processes is called the erosion zone and has a width of approximately 100 meters. For any building policy in this erosion zone at least two aspects are important: the economic potential and the chances of damage. The building policy should therefore be a compromise between two ambitions: exploiting potential and averting risk. Four key questions for this building policy are discussed in this investigation: What structures should be allowed at which locations in the erosion zone at this time and why? How should we deal with the future effects of sea level rise on the erosion zone? How should we deal with the responsibility of damage? How should the present development be handled in the near future? 1. For the stakeholders in the erosion zone it was investigated what (market) potential is available and what risk is related to it. To be able to decide on investments, a valuation method is suggested that takes both aspects into account. This makes it possible to investigate what risk is acceptable (the maximum acceptable chance of destruction, Pfacc) for each investment and what areas in the erosion are therefore suitable. 2. The influence of sea level rise and the increase of risk can be included in the valuation of the different investments. Two aspects are important in this respect: the planning timeframe of the building policy and the expected increase of the chances of damage. 3. The value of benefits and costs of any investment remains unchanged when the responsibility for these benefits and costs are varied amongst different stakeholders. However, differences in responsibility can result in different building policies as new possibilities to distribute the costs can give an individual investor the opportunity to invest in areas with different chances of damage. The influence of this aspect was investigated by using three different scenarios concerning the responsibility of damage. 4. The present chances of destruction were investigated for investments in Noordwijk aan Zee and Katwijk aan Zee. No problems are identified here, as the maximum acceptable chances of destruction will not be exceeded during the planning timeframe of the building policy. In case problems do occur a number of risk-decreasing methods are available. The methods and insight used in this investigation can be valuable for future decision makers and can be used for all areas in the erosion zone.


[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] IN DECEMBER, MICROSOFT ANNOUNCED a major security flaw affecting its: Interact Explorer web browser. The flaw allowed hackers to use hidden computer code they had already injected into legitimate websites to steal the passwords of Visitors to those sites. Reportedly, more than 10,000 websites were infected with the destructive code by the time Microsoft came forward with the news. The announcement grabbed big headlines, emerging as it did during the Christmas season while unsuspecting online shoppers were clicking away. As Eric Schultze, CTO of Roseville, MN-based patch-management solutions provider Shavlik Technologies, explained it, hackers were exploiting legitimate websites via SQL injection techniques. "This means that visiting supposedly safe websites can lead to compromise via this IE flaw," Schultze said at the time. "Attackers were able to exploit poor SQL coding practices on these 'legit' sites that enable hackers to inject evil code on the websites." The fix was simple enough, and Microsoft provided a downloadable security patch in record time. Schultze described the company's reaction to the vulnerability as an "all-hands-on-deck response" that was "quite disruptive to its own processes." But the flaw gave critics of the Redmond, WA-based technology empire an excuse to engage in some full-throated Microsoft bashing. Lost in the hubbub and faultfinding, says web-application security expert Billy Hoffman, was a larger problem. "These kinds of exploits come and go," Hoffman says. "Next, it'll be a Firefox flaw. A couple of weeks ago it was a problem with QuickTime. At the end of the day, the interesting thing about this IE security issue is that it wasn't about somebody e-mailing you a trojaned WMF image file. Now attackers are setting bear traps on websites." Hoffman manages HP's Web Security Research Group. Formerly a security researcher for SPI Dynamics (which HP acquired in 2007), he earned hacker street cred during his college days at Georgia Tech when he uncovered a security flaw in the school's magnetic ID card system. He later developed a suite of research tools for capturing, modifying, and validating data from magnetic stripe cards, called Stripe Snoop. "Within a day or two, at least 6,000 websites had been hacked," Hoffman says, explaining the lethal swiftness of the IE attack. "That's an extremely fast turnaround time. Hackers were able to act that quickly because these websites had already been compromised. They had exploit kits just sitting there on the web servers, and the attackers just basically updated them to begin serving this IE exploit. It shows how automated these exploits have become." (Exploit kits are software tools that hackers create and use for computer attacks. MPack, IcePack, and Neosploit are among the best known.) Hoffman sees the speed with which attackers exploited the IE flaw as emblematic of a frightening trend--one that is colliding with an even scarier one: Hackers are targeting weaknesses in the application layer. And they are not planting the usual viruses or trojans that can be screened out with a firewall, but are revealing an emerging species of attack growing out of the inherent nature of applications that live on the web. "Hackers have compromised hundreds of thousands of legitimate websites through web-app vulnerabilities," Hoffman says, "and they are using those compromised sites to serve malware to visitors." This is a worrying development for educators who use online educational software and content. What can K-12 technology managers do to cope with this new line of cyber attack? Controlling the Uncontrollable "Unfortunately, there's really not much you can do," Hoffman says, "because attackers are starting to target sites you trust. USA Today's website was used to serve malware earlier this year. It's not like you can say, 'Don't visit sites that have URLs ending in . …


Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) Regency has a very large marshland in the South Kalimantan Province. Since 2019 HST is promoted to be a model for Indonesian local foods and agricultural development program, known as SERASI Program. SERASI stands for "Selamatkan Rawa dan Sejahterakan Petani" (or in English "save marshland and bring prosper to farmers") that aimed to exploit marshland which was not productive yet. The SERASI will convert a non-productive caved swamp areas to a productive rice fields which able to support regional food security sustainably. In order to able define the suitable marshland area for SERASI Program in HST Regency precisely in the era of pandemic Covid-19, this research had been carried out by applying geospatial analyses method using Sentinel Satellite Imageries acquisitioned from two different epochs, i.e. of 20th February 2019 and of 20th February 2020. GPS coordinates collected from the field were used for ground truthing imagery data. The results of geospatial analysis have provided evident that paddy fields in caved marshland area is increased that means the SERASI Program is successful. From interviews' data collected from 14 villages shows that the program of SERASI is accepted by local farmers and also local government. From image combination analysis concluded that the area of caved rice fields is suitable for developing agriculture in marshlands.