Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) increases juice yield of processing oranges, but results are inconsistent. Preliminary research suggested that this variability might be related to application timing. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to determine the optimal time to apply GA 3 for increasing juice yield of Hamlin', Pineapple', and Valencia' sweet oranges [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osh.]. Mature trees of each cultivar were sprayed with 10 L of a solution of GA 3 (45 g.ha -1 a.i.) and organo-silicone surfactant (Silwet, 0.05%) between 2 Sept, and 9 Dec. 1998, and 25 Sept, and 9 Dec. 1999, or remained non-sprayed (control). ). Generally, the earliest application dates were most effective at maintaining peel puncture resistance above that of control fruit, while the latest application dates resulted in the most green peel color at harvest. Juice yield of Hamlin' and Valencia', but not Pineapple', was increased by GA 3 at some application timings and harvest dates in both years. The increase in juice yield was related to time between application and harvest; juice yield of Hamlin' was greatest 2 months, and Valencia' 5 months after GA 3 application. Treated fruit often had lower juice Brix than non-sprayed fruit, a phenomenon that often paralleled treatment effects on peel color. When treatments did not increase juice yield but reduced juice Brix, then yield of solids was sometimes lower than for non-treated fruit. Treatments generally delayed flowering of Pineapple' and Valencia' but not Hamlin'.


The patient whose case is to be reported had manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome as a result of infection with Plasmodium malariae. The evidence indicated that the child acquired malaria congenitally from the mother, a narcotic addict, who had acquired her infection by syringe inoculation. The patient's clinical course, the changes in concentration of the plasma proteins and lipids, and the quantitative urinary output of protein and formed elements were studied during therapy with chloroquine phosphate. A complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome occurred. Report of a Case The patient, a 21-month-old Negro female, was admitted to the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health with a history of facial and abdominal swelling of three months' duration. She was delivered out of wedlock in the prison section of District of Columbia General Hospital, Washington, D. C. The delivery was normal and the neonatal course uneventful. The baby was nursed


[Objective] The aim was to provide basis for application of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND) technology in engineering.[Method] The SND biological nitrogen removal process in medicine producing wastewater was studied by adopting the sequencing batch reactor and the SND engineering application was attempted.[Result] The dissolved oxygen(DO) concn.of achieving the optimum decarbonization effect and nitrogen removal efficiency of SND was controlled at 1-2 mg/L and the optimum influent pH was 7-7.5.Under this condition,the removal rate of COD was over 80%,the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 80%-82% and the removal rate of total nitrogen was 74%-78%.The removal rates of COD,ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were 78.8%,78.4% and 74.5%,resp.in the SND engineering application when DO control concn.was 1-2 mg/L,the influent pH value 7-7.5 and the water temperature 28-32 ℃.The decarbonization effect and nitrogen removal efficiency of SND was affected by the high temperature and the sludge microbes had certain adapting and regulating ability.The average removal rates of COD,ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were 72.1%,66.2% and 57.5% resp.as a whole.[Conclusion] The SND biological nitrogen removal process had wide engineering application prospect.


Currently, close to 90% of the global photovoltaic (PV) production is based on crystalline silicon (Si). Incomplete light absorption due to the high surface reflection is the key factor that fundamentally limit the Si solar cell performance. Texturing of crystalline silicon (c-Si) has been instrumental in the development of high efficiency c-Si solar cells. Surface texturing in Si wafer is used to enhance the amount of light absorbed into devices by reducing reflection losses. Surface texturing scatters light inside the semiconductor in order to trap it inside the wafer, and therefore increases the short circuit current as well as the efficiency in the solar cell. In this paper, four types of texturing processes were used to obtain nanostructures in Si wafer. The acid – based chemical, acid-based vapor, alkaline-based chemical and metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) technique have been performed to obtain the Si nanostructures. The morphological and optical characterization of the Si nanostructures has been carried out by means of field emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM) and UV-VIS-NIR spectrometer. The results show that the pyramid size is in a range of 550-730 nm was obtained from alkaline based chemical method, while the nanopillars was produced by MACE technique. Key-Words : Lifetime, Si wafer, Nanostructures, Texturing, Photon Absorption


Dataspaces have become popular in data modeling and business intelligence. In this paper, we introduce a dataspace management system with Extract-Transform-Load capabilities and RDF (Resource Description Framework) data export. Moreover, we demonstrate how distributed processing based on the MapReduce framework can be used in processing the exported RDF data.
  Specifically, our system helps the user (i) discover potential problems with data integration and then (ii) carry out the actual integration. In the first case, the software generates a file of comma separated values that the users can load into their statistics software. In the second case the user can transform the files into the RDF format and analyze the data using Python tools, or export the final data set to a visualization package or business intelligence software. Our method can therefore be seen as constructive; building a tool for data professionals.
  We demonstrate the viability of both the dataspace management system and RDF processing using a Hadoop cluster. There, using Hadoop distribution improved the processing speed by 85..86%.
Keywords: dataspace, MapReduce, RDF, cloud, Hadoop.


54. Fuchs I, Müller H, Abdul-Khaliq H, Harder T, Dudenhausen JW, Henrich W. Immediate and long-term outcomes in children with prenatal diagnosis of selected isolated congenital heart defects. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007; 29: 38–43. 55. To MS, Palaniappan V, Skentou C, Gibb D, Nicolaides KH. Elective cerclage vs. ultrasound-indicated cerclage in high-risk pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002; 19: 475–477. 56. Alfirevic Z, Allen-Coward H, Molina F, Vinuesa CP, Nicolaides K. Targeted therapy for threatened preterm labor based on sonographic measurements of the cervical length: a randomized controlled trial. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007; 29: 47–50. 57. Wilkins-Haug LE, Benson CB, Tworetzky W, Marshall AC, Jennings RW, Lock JE. In-utero intervention for hypoplastic left heart syndrome–a perinatologist's perspective. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2005; 26: 481–486. 58. Cochrane corner. Antenatal corticosteroids. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007; 29: 102–103.


In recent era, research and development activities in the field of renewable energy, especially wind and solar, have been considerably increased, due to the worldwide energy crisis and high global emission. Wind turbines & Solar are becoming popular in the renewable energy world. The design of hybrid electricity generation system by utilizing both solar and wind renewable energy to the domestic household in the remote area and for many applications like beside railway tracks, railway stations, highways for power generation, and for charging of electrical vehicle. The primary goal of the project is to design and create a compact wind turbine and solar panel to be used as an efficient way to generate electricity anywhere. It is not possible to operate a horizontal axis wind turbine for domestic use. Because it can function in low wind conditions as well, the Savonius vertical axis wind turbine may be a preferable option. According to tests, hybrid systems are the best option for supplying "high quality" power.


The pulp industry in Taiwan discharges tons of wood waste and pulp sludge (i.e., wastewater-derived secondary sludge) per year. The mixture of these two bio-wastes, denoted as wood waste with pulp sludge (WPS), has been commonly converted to organic fertilizers for agriculture application or to soil conditioners. However, due to energy demand, the WPS can be utilized in a beneficial way to mitigate an energy shortage. This study elucidated the performance of applying torrefaction, a bio-waste to energy method, to transform the WPS into solid bio-fuel. Two batches of the tested WPS (i.e., WPS1 and WPS2) were generated from a virgin pulp factory in eastern Taiwan. The WPS1 and WPS2 samples contained a large amount of organics and had high heating values (HHV) on a dry-basis (HHD) of 18.30 and 15.72 MJ/kg, respectively, exhibiting a potential for their use as a solid bio-fuel. However, the wet WPS as received bears high water and volatile matter content and required de-watering, drying, and upgrading. After a 20 min torrefaction time (tT), the HHD of torrefied WPS1 (WPST1) can be enhanced to 27.49 MJ/kg at a torrefaction temperature (TT) of 573 K, while that of torrefied WPS2 (WPST2) increased to 19.74 MJ/kg at a TT of 593 K. The corresponding values of the energy densification ratio of torrefied solid bio-fuels of WPST1 and WPST2 can respectively rise to 1.50 and 1.25 times that of the raw bio-waste. The HHD of WPST1 of 27.49 MJ/kg is within the range of 24–35 MJ/kg for bituminous coal. In addition, the wet-basis HHV of WPST1 with an equilibrium moisture content of 5.91 wt % is 25.87 MJ/kg, which satisfies the Quality D coal specification of the Taiwan Power Co. requiring a value of above 20.92 MJ/kg.


The paper researched the problem for integrated evaluation of ecological environment level about Chongqing based on urban ecology.First of all,three-level impacting Indicator systems for Chongqing ecology environment,which consisted of ecological structure,ecological function and ecological harmony,have been established by using factor analysis method;Secondly,their power indexes were computed using AHP and integrated evaluation of Chongqing ecology environment quality was derived;Finally,Then,the data simulation showed that Choing environment condition was inoreasingly better,which becomes fine from moderate to inferior level,at transit of 1994 to 2004.Simulative examples show the index set constructed in the paper may really affect the environment quality of Chongqing,thus,they were provided with the better applicability.


Strain-induced dislocations have been studied in low and medium mismatched (001) oriented In x Ga 1-x As/GaAs superlattice heterostructures. Their optical quality, composition, residual strain, dislocation nature, and location have been studied by x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy techniques. Different predictions of the residual strain have been discussed briefly. All the samples presented perpendicular networks of misfit dislocations with different densities along the [110] and [110] directions. The dislocations were confined inside the buffer layer or at the buffer-superlattice interface without threading the superlattice


Since the last decade of the twentieth century, the Spanish port infrastructures cataloged of general interest has undergone a series of political, economic and social transformations that result in a significant change in the classic paradigms of port management. In this sense, port security has become one of the most relevant aspects of management. This article aims, from the descriptive analysis, to determine the configurator factors and dimensions of a singular scenario of public action, public security policies and port protection. This public policy has its special significance today, as it emerges and consolidates as a subspace that is strongly characteristic of public security policies and which, in turn, derives from a scope of post-governmental management of converging governance.


OVERFLOW calculations of hover flow fields including performance predictions are presented for the model-scale S-76 rotor. The calculations use a time-accurate approach and explore solutions across a range of thrust conditions and tip Mach numbers. Comparisons are made among the CFD solutions and available experimental data for thrust-power, Figure of Merit, distributed air loads, and vortex trajectories. Sensitivity of hover performance to tip shape is also predicted and compared to test data. Suggested areas for further study conclude the paper.


The relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) offers many opportunities to study diffraction in pp, pA and AA collisions. Because both proton beams can be polarized, RHIC offers the unique possibility of studying polarization effects in diffraction. We will introduce diffraction at RHIC and present three compelling physics topics: hard diffraction with polarized beams, identification of exotic mesons (non-q q-bar states) in double-Pomeron collisions, and using diffraction to measure the low-x gluon density in $pA$ collisions, testing models of gluon saturation and the colored glass condensate. This note developed from discussion at a workshop on ``Diffraction and Glueball Production at RHIC'' at Brookhaven National Laboratory, May 17-18, 2002.


Air humidity is an important input variable to estimate terrestrial evapotranspiration based on satellite remote sensing. The air humidity obtained by the observations from surface meteorological stations is limited in their spatial and temporal representation. The validated GDAS (Global Data Assimilation System) dataset can provide the simulated data every 3 hours [1]; and the FY-2C (the first operational geostationary meteorological satellite FengYun-2C from China) can provide the data of land surface temperature hourly. Moreover, they are of great value in downscaling the air humidity. Air humidity (2m height above the ground level) both from thermometer screen to high ground is driven by the advection, the turbulence and the radiation processes [2]. As Zent et al. [3] put it in 1993, thermal inertia can be used to study the changes of air humidity. North China was chosen as the study area. Using the GDAS forcing dataset, the MODIS, FY-2C and ground observations, a new method is proposed to downscale the near surface air humidity based on thermal inertia. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of our method, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation, SPLINE interpolation, together with the ground measurements were used to compare with our method.


- In High-speed Serial Interface IPs (e.g. PCIe, USB etc.) there are numerous reasons for signal distortion or deformation due to practical environmental behaviour or material behaviour. The verification of Serial IP Controllers become more complex when simulating with PHY-Model (for faster results) as testbench needs to mimic the Analog PHY output behaviour. The receiver end needs to be robust enough to handle all type of signal distortion which falls under the IP Specification umbrella. The data received by a high-speed Serial IP have a large amount of signal distortion due to multiple factors like lane-to-lane skew, PPM variation in clocks, Jitter, Bit Error Rate (BER) in data, Bit shift caused due to CDR circuit. So, we need to exercise the design with data consisting of all the signal distortion parameters. In this paper, we have demonstrated methodology for stimulus creation with real life scenarios to effectively verify a high-speed Serial Controller IP.


Clinical data management deals with complex medical data. Computer science and various software technologies have revolutionized the way medical information is stored, accessed, and retrieved. This article discusses important issues related to clinical data management aspects, regulatory frameworks, and different kinds of web-based clinical trials.

Keywords:

clinical data management;
clinical trial;
websites;
electronic data capture (EDC)


In this report a method is presented to determine optimum shapes of bodies of revolution taking into account the shape dependent part of the base drag. The latter is achieved by using the Chapman assumption that the base pressure coefficient, when correlated with conditions at a suitable point near the base, depends only on the free-stream Mach number if the boundary layer is turbulent. The present method enables the determination of quantitative results, which show the known trend that the optimum bodies have their maximum cross section ahead the base area. The drag reductions obtained are the most significant for relatively slender bodies in the lower supersonic Mach number range.


Background: In 2014, the Eighth Joint National Committee recommended increasing target systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 140 to 150 mm Hg in persons aged ≥ 60 years without diabetes mellitus (DM) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). The evidence from population-based studies supporting the change was sparse. In a race/ethnically diverse prospective cohort, we examined incident stroke risk by SBP level in those aged ≥ 60 years without stroke, DM, or CKD at baseline.

Methods: In the Northern Manhattan Study, there were 1706 participants aged ≥ 60 years and free of stroke, DM, and CKD at baseline. Incident strokes were identified through annual follow-up and adjudicated by two vascular neurologists. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for baseline SBP categories and stroke risk.

Results: At baseline, mean age was 72±8 years, 37% were male, 25% non-Hispanic white, 26% non-Hispanic black, and 49% Hispanic; 41% were on antihypertensive medication, and 43% had SBP <140 mm Hg, 20% 140-149 mm Hg, and 37% ≥150 mm Hg. With a median follow-up of 13 years, 167 participants developed a stroke. The crude stroke incidence was greater among individuals with SBP ≥150 mm Hg (10.0 per 1000 person-years) and SBP 140-149 (12.2) compared to those with SBP<140 (6.2). After adjustment for age, sex, race-ethnicity and medication use, participants with SBP 140-149 mm Hg had increased risk of stroke (HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.6) compared with those with SBP <140 mm Hg, and the increased risk remained in those without medication use (1.7; 1.0-3.0). Stratified analysis showed that the increased risk was seen in Hispanics (2.4; 1.3-4.7) and non-Hispanic blacks (2.0; 1.0-4.2) but not in non-Hispanic whites (0.8; 0.3-1.8).

Conclusions: In a prospective diverse cohort, SBP 140-149 mm Hg was associated with an increased stroke risk, compared to those with SBP <140 mm Hg, in individuals aged 60 years or older without DM or CKD, in particular in Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks. Raising the threshold for hypertension treatment could have a detrimental effect on stroke risk reduction especially among minority populations.


We consider Chorin-Temam scheme (the simplest pressure-correction projection method) for the time-discretization of an unstationary Stokes problem inD R d (d = 2; 3) given; f : (P) find (u; p) solution to ujt=0 = u0, uj@D = 0 and @u @t u + rp = f divu = 0 on (0; T )D :


River base flow is important to aquatic ecosystems, particularly because of its influence on summer water temperatures. Summer (June through September) daily mean streamflows were separated into base flow and stormflow components by use of an automated method at 25 stations in the New England region of the United States that drain predominantly natural basins. Summer monthly mean base flows increased from 1950–2006 at most stations in western New England with many large increases (>20%) and some very large increases (>50%) in and near New Hampshire and Vermont. The same was true for increases in summer 7 day low base flows in and near New Hampshire and Vermont during this same period; in contrast, there were small and large decreases in 7 day low base flows in northern and coastal areas of Maine. Summer stormflows increased from 1950–2006 by more than 50% at many stations in New England, particularly in and near New Hampshire and Vermont. The increases in base flows and stormflows at many stations in and near New Hampshire and Vermont were likely driven by the large increases in summer precipitation recorded at weather stations in this area. Summer rainfall increased at most weather stations in New England from 1950–2006 with many increases of more than 20% in western New England. Summer air temperature increased on average by 1.1°C from 1950–2006 in New England and may have played a role in the decreased base flows in northern and coastal Maine through increased evapotranspiration. Many variables increased less from 1930–2006 than from 1950–2006.


This study examined variation in morphology and isozymes for 36 populations of Lasthenia californica representing the entire range of the species. These and previous results suggest the formation of two geographical races based on pappus shape, isozymes, and flavonoid chemistry. The races appear to coexist in a population examined in more detail (Jasper Ridge). Genetic param- eters indicating differentiation within and among populations suggest reduction in pollen and seed movement within the Jasper Ridge population (GC, = 0.417; Nm = 0.350) and among populations (GCt = 0.36; Nm = 0.439) of L. californica. In spite of the considerable differentiation among the populations for pappus shape, flavonoid chemistry, and isozymes, there is no indication that the populations could be recognized as taxonomic groups as suggested in earlier taxonomic treatments. The patterns of variation observed in this study are further complicated by the presence of three cytotypes, none of which could be distinguished by the data sets examined. The isozyme study suggests that tetraploid populations are of autopolyploid origin. The only hexaploid population sampled was not analysed for isozyme variation. We believe that the patterns of variation observed in L. californica best fit the model of geographical speciation. The pattern of variation observed at Jasper Ridge suggests that this population might have been established by two colonists-one a northern type and the other a southern type-representing the two geographical races.


The purpose of this article is the presentation of issues related to hybrid instruments. We will primarily focus on the analysis of various aspects of hybrid instruments and entities. The use of these instruments produces fairly significant tax implications that have specific effects on the holdings of capital group companies operating worldwide, and these companies therefore frequently use hybrid instruments to optimise their tax policies. This study identifies numerous issues that may be critical to these firms when designing an optimal tax policy, without losing sight of the fact that fiscal policy is an essential determinant of the financial standing of a company. In particular, this article discusses the tax consequences of various policies given the different tax systems used in the European Union countries, focusing upon the specific conditions and implications of the Polish tax system.


This paper presents a multi-functional frequency selective surface (FSS)based on varactor diode and PIN diode loading. It can be realized that when the varactor diode is not loaded with voltage and the PIN is in the on state, the frequency selective surface(FSS) exhibits strong transmittance at 4 GHz, and when the PIN is in the off state, the frequency selective surface(FSS) exhibits strong reflectivity at 4 GHz. In addition, when the PIN is turned on, stable transmission of electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency range from 1.37GHZ-5.66GHZ can be achieved by changing the capacitance of the loaded varactor diode.


Combined treatment of locally advanced bladder cancer significantly improves patients' survival. The article describes the factors affecting overall and recurrence-free survival, comparing modes of systemic polychemotherapy. The article is concluded by the thesis that the timely diagnostics and combined therapy for locally advanced bladder cancer allow to achieve the best results in overall and recurrence-free survival.


Labor migration is predominately studied through anthropocentric modes of analysis. This review essay explores, demonstrates, and argues that the environment and climate disaster can be driving forces of labor migration. While the scholarship explored as part of this essay, including text, a documentary, and photographs, demonstrate how non-human assemblages, climate and the environment, impact labor and subsequently the family unit and migration, they also call attention to the Anthropocene, the current moment that we occupy as humans as the dominant influence on climate and the environment. Given the impact of climate disaster on labor migration, it is important to decenter past anthropocentric modes of analysis focused on socioeconomic disparities.


Abstract : A computer code that calculates the resultant electron flux from a high-altitude nuclear detonation has been constructed. Included are calculations for early (seconds) to late (days) times after the detonation. In the early time calculation, an electron flux map is constructed as a function of time, B, L, and longitude. The late time map uses time, B, and L. The following points were considered in some detail: debris motion, electron injection, electron drift, loss rate formulation, and energy spectra. (Author)


Date Author(s) Linh Hoang. Degree programme International Business Report/thesis title Developing social media presence for B2B clients. Case: Kalmar Number of pages and appendix pages 51 pages and 1 appendix This thesis is carried out as a research-based paper for Kalmar a cargo-handling solutions provider and port automation company. The main objective of the thesis to investigate how to develop a social media presence that is aimed to B2B customers. In order to achieve the purpose of this thesis, the author developed separate stages to be completed in sequence. Firstly, a literature review was built by gathering a variety of up-todate social media theories and concepts as a foundation for the later research. Secondly, the author examined and analysed the social media presence of Kalmar, its direct competitors as well as successful B2B practices in Twitter and LinkedIn as a benchmarking study. The benchmarking was mainly done via secondary research and observations over the course of three months. Afterward, a qualitative research was conducted by interviewing Kalmar's marketing executives and managers to examine its social media awareness as well as define the gap between an effective social media presence in literature review and reality. The key research results were considered next. Lastly, the author discussed the key findings against the literature review and benchmarking, and later recommended actions and solutions that can be applied by the case company. The results showed that Kalmar is present on social media. However, the case company has not fully utilised these digital tools to gain a competitive edge. In addition, limitations in reaching out to customers—the centre of business—were observed. Therefore, the author proposes a number of further development ideas, for example, customer research, for Kalmar to consider proceeding with in the near future.


I n her "Questions of Travel," first published in 1956, the poet Elizabeth Bishop asks, "Is it lack of imagination that makes us come / to imagined places, not just stay at home? / . . . Continent, city, country, society: / the choice is never wide and never free. / And here, or there . . . No. Should we have stayed at home, / wherever that may be?" A wandering American woman, Bishop lived in Nova Scotia, Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts, New York City, Key West, and Petropolis and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. If her writing is seldom critical of a political economy that produces homelessness for many others with less idiosyncratically tragic family histories—a very different politics than the postmodern, postcolonial impulse that undergirds the works examined here—her work raises the questions Caroline Rody and Jennifer DeVere Brody ask in their rich investigations of American and Caribbean women's writings and travels. Home and history, Bishop reminds us, always involve "questions of travel." And travel, in turn, requires its own revisitings of the histories, both personal and collective, that "home" requires. Rody begins the body of The Daughter's Return with another poem, by African-American poet Lucille Clifton, untitled and published in Quilt-


This paper examines how the tournament-like progression in CEO labor market influence product innovation. We exploit a text-based proxy for product innovation based on product descriptions from 10-Ks. We find a significant positive relation between industry tournament incentives and product innovation. Further, we show that product market competition strengthens this relation. Additionally, we explore that industry tournament incentives are more effective when the CEO labor market is more mobile and when CEO characteristics indicate a higher probability of winning the tournament prize. Overall, the evidence suggests that industry tournament incentives promote product innovation. JEL classifications: G32, J31, J33, O31, O32


This paper aims to create infrastructure-free networking capabilities for people in need such as when inadequate infrastructure including mobile cell towers and power supplies are damaged or when all communication means are restricted. In general, this means finding a way to communicate without mobile cell towers, repeaters, or Wi-Fi hotspots on mobile devices. This paper focuses on introducing an ad-hoc network based on Bluetooth where users can communicate without barriers. The proposed network implementation uses Google's API Nearby Connection which is one of Google Play Services that can provide high bandwidth, low latency, encrypted data transfers between nearby devices in a fully-offline P2P mode. Kotlin language was used to program an application called BlueEmergency installed on Android devices to broadcast data as bytes payloads in a form of text messages from one node to all nodes in proximity using Bluetooth only. The test and verification of the system are performed showed that successful communication is achieved with the latest versions of both the Android operating system and Bluetooth. Finally, the designed network can be extended to cover large geographical areas by multi-hopping the messages between devices to make the system more efficient to use in the time of need. keywords: Ad-hoc network, Bluetooth, Broadcasting, Google API nearby connection, Kotlin.


Abstract The ceramic sector is responsible for a huge quantity of waste in terms of calcined-clay wastes annually. Most often, a large quantity of this is utilized as landfills but efforts can be made in the utilization of these wastes in concrete production. Hence, this research study makes use of porcelain waste, porcelain polishing residue (PPR), as partial replacement of cement in the production of concrete. Porcelain was used at a certain percentage of 5%, 15%, and 30% replacement of the total quantity of cement in the mix proportion. All specimens were cured in water till the age of test which is 7, 14, 21, and 28 days ages and designated as control, C, 5PPR, 15PPR, and 30PPR according to the percentage of replacement. All concrete specimens were tested in accordance with fresh concrete and engineering properties. The results show that the optimum compressive strength (CS)and flexural strength (FS) among all the PPR were observed with the replacement level of cement at 15% from PPR which gives 19.11 and 18.635 MPa at 28 days, whereas the control specimens give the highest CS with the value of 24.0 MPa and 21.795 KN at 28 days, respectively. The engineering properties of concrete specimens somewhat were enhanced with the replacement level of cement by 15% PPR.


Abstract The implementation of site-specific weed management requires information about weed cover and decision support systems to determine weed cover thresholds and concomitant herbicide rates. Although it is possible to create accurate weed cover maps over large areas, weed cover thresholds have generally been evaluated using tedious weed density counts. To bridge this gap between weed cover obtained by machine vision and the concept of economic threshold, crop advisers specializing in weed scouting were asked to evaluate over 2,500 weed cover images (2 m by 3 m) and determine if a given image would require herbicide application or not. Using the area under the "receiver operating characteristic" curve method, an optimal weed cover threshold was established. The derived economic thresholds ranged from 0.06 to 0.31% weed cover contingent on the level of tolerance of the expert adviser. Although this threshold seems low, it is comparable with economic threshold values based on weed density.


With the rapid development of technology, cellular networks in wireless networks are insufficient to meet the demands. In order to provide a correct and good service to each user, communication systems must change. Although cell-free networks have many advantages over cellular networks, since there are too many users and access points (APs) in cell-free networks, AP selection is very important. In this thesis, the AP selection model has been studied and compared five different machine learning classification methods. The campus of Izmir Katip Celebi University has been chosen as the environment where the study will be carried out, and capacity values have been obtained from the users and APs that have been placed on the campus in the simulation environment. Numerical calculation results have been obtained from the Wireless Insite (WI) software. The AP selection to be created with the capacity values has been supported by artificial intelligence algorithm techniques. With two different data sets have been compared, better results have been tried to be obtained with different feature values. As a result of the comparisons made, the best machine learning classification technique used has been proposed.


The objective of this paper is to develop an inventory model with fuzzy inflation and multi variant demand rate. A new demand rate introduced which depends on price, quality and time. Planning horizon is random in nature for manufacturing company. Production rate is taken to be flexible in nature which depends on the technology frequency, capital investment and its elasticity and number of labour. Model is developed for both crisp and fuzzy environment. Numerical example is cited to illustrate the results and its significant features. Finally, to study the effect of changes of quality, inflation and planning horizon sensitivity analysis is carried out.


The data recording method of the non-volatile memory devices and non-volatile memory system including the same are disclosed. The data recording method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be also at the end of the write operation to hold the data in the latch unit data contained in the non-volatile memory device. Accordingly, the data stored in the data latch unit can be re-used in the operation of successively writing the same data.


MOS transistor for an image cell, comprising a semiconductor substrate (2) on which a gate electrode (3), a drain electrode (12) and a photosensitive source region (13) are formed, wherein between the gate electrode (3) and the substrate (2) an oxide layer (4) is arranged, which in an active region (6) of the MOS transistor (1) is formed as a thin oxide layer (4a), wherein the gate electrode (3) in the active region ( 6) of the MOS transistor (1) has a closed annular portion (8) and either the drain electrode (12) or said photosensitive source region (13) within the annular portion (8) of the gate electrode is located (3), so that a controlled by the gate current flow only in the active region (6), characterized by an in a passive region (7) of the MOS transistor (1) formed thick oxide layer (4b) which is produced by the STI method wherein the gate electrode (3) and the drain electrode (12) are connected to the same electrical potential.


C ardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe clinical condition characterized initially by reduced cardiac output with abnormal organ perfusion which commonly leads to a multiorgan failure. Despite expansion of cardiac critical care units, development of reperfusion networks and progress of mechanical circulatory support (MCS), mortality of CS due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains as high as 40%−50%. Clinical outcomes in non-AMI patients are less established but remains similarly disappointing. Significant areas of uncertainty still remain regarding clinical profile, risk stratification and management of these complex patients. This special issue about CS covers the most important topics assessed by several of the most important experts in the field. In general, the diagnosis of CS can be made on the basis of clinical criteria in addition to biochemical and hemodynamic parameters. However, the pathophisiology of CS is complex and heterogeneous, and patients may present in different stages, depending on shock severity. Therefore, an early risk stratification is a key issue in order to select patients for invasive procedures such as MCS and to help physicians to predict its evolution. Recently, Baran, et al. proposed a new and simple classification based on severity of CS, with five categories form pre-shock to refractory CS labelled as A through E (SCAI stages). Importantly, Jentzer, et al. retrospectively validated the SCAI classification for predicting in-hospital mortality in a cohort of more than 10,000 patients admitted because of CS. The role of biomarkers on CS risk stratification has been extensively studied. CardShock and IABP-SHOCK II scores include only classical biochemical parameters, which can take time to change their values and therefore delay clinical decisions. Other biomarkers (i.e., neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, plasma cystatin C) have not been shown to add value in risk stratification. Proteomics is a promising tool for improving risk prediction in this complex setting. The CS4P score is based on circulating levels of four novel biomarkers (liver fatty acid binding proteins, beta 2-microglobulin, fructosebisphosphate aldolase B and complement inhibitor). Importantly, when compared to the CardShock and IABP-SHOCK II scores, CS4P showed better ninetyday mortality prediction and a benefit in reclassifying patients. In this special issue, Iborra-Egea, et al. discuss the potential clinical implications and translation into clinical practice of this very promising tool. Clinical picture of CS patients is very heterogeneous. Despite AMI is the most common cause of CS in most registries, non-ischemic CS is an interesting clinical condition with scarce clinical evidence. Fulminant myocarditis is a not uncommon cause of CS that can be due to several diseases, potentially requiring different diagnostic approaches and clinical management. In an interesting review, Montero, et al. discuss the main challenges regarding diagnosis and management of this amazing entity, including the potential role of endomyocardial biopsy and the selection of patients for MCS. On the other hand, the incidence of CS complicating AMI ranges between 3% and 13%. An early revascularization is the only therapeutic measure that has consistently shown a prognostic impact in patient with AMI-CS. In the SHOCK trial, the mortality rates at six months and at one year were significantly lower in the revascularization cohort in comparison with the medical therapy group. Little Journal of Geriatric Cardiology


Hyperphosphorylation of tau is responsible for its loss of normal physiological function, gain of toxicity and its aggregation to form NFTs. Increased phosphorylated tau is detected in Alzheimer´s disease (AD) CSF and blood, and changes in the tau phosphorylation pattern may reflect different stages of the disease progression. A better understanding on how the levels of site‐specific phosphorylations are modulated across the AD continuum in these biofluids may help to provide with a more accurate diagnosis.


Objective
To explore the effect of high quality nursing on the salivary fistula of the patients after parotid tumor operation.

Methods
August 2015-2017 June, 60 cases of parotid tumor were selected in our hospital for parotid tumor surgery. According to the nursing intervention methods, the observation group and the control group were divided into the observation group and the control group (n=30). The control group (n=30) was given the routine nursing. The nursing satisfaction of the two groups and the incidence of depression and anxiety before and after nursing. as well as the incidence of postoperative salivary fistula were observed.

Results
The total satisfaction degree of nursing in the observation group was 96.67% (29/30), the control group was 76.67% (23/30). The total satisfaction degree of nursing in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=17.311 4, P<0.01). After nursing, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) score and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score of the observation group were 10.35±1.65, 13.56±1.44, which were significantly lower than 21.51±2.49, 30.42±3.58 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=20.463 5, 23.931 6, P<0.01). After nursing, physical function, cognitive function, emotional function, social function and role function score of observation group were 75.2±6.8, 70.2±7.0, 75.6±5.0, 76.8±7.3, 76.4±7.0, which were significantly higher than 60.7±6.7, 51.6±7.3, 60.8±6.2, 61.3±7.4, 61.1±7.4 of control group, the difference was statistically significant (t=8.167 3-10.177 5, P<0.0). The incidence of salivary fistula in the observation group was 10.00% (3/30) which was significantly lower than 43.33 (13/30) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=28.404 5, P<0.05).

Conclusion
The application of high quality nursing in postoperative salivary fistula of parotid tumor patients is significant. It can effectively improve the patients′ unhealthy psychological emotion, improve their quality of life and reduce the incidence of complications, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Key words:
Parotid neoplasms; Quality of life; High quality nursing; Salivary fistula; Mental state


(57) Abstract: Method of identifying a suitable target for antibacterial agents based on the identification of target proteins encoded by bacteriophage is described. Moreover, compositions useful in the inhibition of identification methods and bacterial growth, and methods of making and using such compositions are described.


The wireless world of the future will disseminate data through both push and pull technologies. In this paper, we propose an architecture which facilitates global wireless access to data using both push and pull techniques. By combining these techniques on the wireless channels, a more efficient and effective data access paradigm is developed.


SUMMARY A theoretical foundation of the orientation to be given to the subjects on sciencelteaching at the initial teacher training stage is attempted. The most recent developments in this field are taken into account.


Abstract : The need for a better understanding of relationships between various logistics variables and spares requirements has become evident due to recent understatements of recoverable spares requirements. This thesis used Box-Jenkins time series analysis techniques to identify the linear relationships within and between C-130 spares requirements and flying hours. The analysis identified relationships within and between the two time series which are not currently considered in the linear regression forecasting model. A model which recognizes these additional relationships (time lags, seasonality, etc.) provides a better fit to the historical data, measured by a chi-square statistic but does not reduce dispersion about the mean, measured by the residual mean squared . This result is an indication that the relationship may not be linear. Additional data and research is required to confirm that the relationships are non-linear and to develop a model suitable for long range requirements forecasting.


Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) belong to a class of bioconjugates that are attracting an ever-increasing interest as powerful systems for targeted oriented therapy in particular in treatment of cancer [1] as well as of bacterial infections resistant to conventional antibiotics [2]. A key role in the efficiency displayed by an ADC is played by the linker moiety that connects the antibody to the drug. The linker needs to be stable enough in the biological systems to reach undamaged the target so that the drug can be released in a high efficient way. One of the most popular release systems is represented by the so called "self-immolative spacer" that, after a proper activation, is able to kick off a cascade process able to release the bioactive compound through a 1,6-elimination mechanism [3]. Actually, the drug selected is connected to the linker by one of its hydroxyl or amino functionalities. However, many drugs possess other functional groups that would be worth exploring as possible sites of connections to linkers. In this context we focused our attention on amides since a notable number of commercially available drugs embed in their structure this functionality. This work reports the synthesis of different linkers made up by trifunctional aromatic compounds with different trigger moieties. These linkers have been subsequently conjugated to the amido group of bioactive molecules through the carbamate framework exploiting different synthetic routes. Preliminary tests on the stability and releasing ability of these conjugates will be also reported showing their efficiency as ADCs devices.


Abstract This article presents a two-stage workforce scheduling approach for security guards at motor traffic gates. In the first stage, staffing requirements are determined based on analyzing workload variations for each gate. In the second stage, an integer programming model is formulated to assign guards to different work shifts in order to satisfy the staffing requirements of each gate. The objective is to minimize the total labour cost of two categories of security employees: non-supervising (guards), and supervising (supervisors). The new model considers multiple employee types, multiple shifts, and multiple locations, where security employees are assigned to work groups. Moreover, to maximize flexibility, each employee can be assigned to work at different gates during different shifts. Compared to the currently used schedule, the model produced an optimum work schedule that reduced the workforce size by 23% and the labour cost by 26%. Computational experiments with 40 randomly generated test problems confirmed the high savings potential of the proposed scheduling approach.


Purpose: Lymph node metastasis is a stage-determining factor and the most important prognostic factor for colon cancer patients. We aimed to verify the influence of the aspects of lymph node metastatic level on the prognosis of the stage III colon cancer patients. Methods: We studied the survival rate of ninety-eight patients with stage III colon cancer who underwent an open and laparoscopic surgery at Eulji University Hospital from November 1998 to December 2009. We evaluated the survival rate and prognostic factors including the level of positive lymph node and additional factors. The level of positive lymph node was classified as either level I (pericolic and intermediate lymph node metastasis) or level II (apical lymph node metastasis). Results: The average age of the patients was 62.7 years (range, 30 to 89 years) old and the mean follow-up period was 45.9 months (range, 2 to 129 months). The comparison of the survival rates based on the level of lymph nodes shows that level I was 89.5% while level II was 41.7% (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that level of positive lymph node was a significant prognostic factor. Conclusion: In this study, the level of lymph node metastasis in stage III colon cancer was significant prognostic factor. Therefore, exact evaluation and further treatment plans should be determined based on clear analysis of various aspects of the lymph nodes acquired by accurate and meticulous surgery.


In this article, the compact, ultra-wideband and high-gain MIMO antenna is presented for future 5G devices operating over 28 GHz and 38 GHz. The presented antenna is designed over substrate material Roger RT/Duroid 6002 with a thickness of 1.52 mm. The suggested design has dimensions of 15 mm × 10 mm and consists of stubs with loaded rectangular patch. The various stubs are loaded to antenna to improve impedance bandwidth and obtain ultra-wideband. The resultant antenna operates over a broadband of 26.5–43.7 GHz, with a peak value of gain >8 dBi. A four-port MIMO configuration is achieved to present the proposed antenna for future high data rate devices. The MIMO antenna offers isolation <−30 dB with ECC of <0.0001. The antenna offers good results in terms of gain, radiation efficiency, envelop correlation coefficient (ECC), mean effective gain (MEG), diversity gain (DG), channel capacity loss (CCL), and isolation. The antenna hardware prototype is fabricated to validate the performance of the suggested design of the antenna achieved from software tools, and good correlation between measured and simulated results is observed. Moreover, the proposed work performance is also differentiated with literature work, which verifies that the suggested work is a potential applicant for future 5G compact devices operating over wideband and high gain.


The Industrial Survey Unit of the Arthritis and Rheumatism Council since 1961 has undertaken broad surveys of the prevalence and social and economic effects of rheumatic complaints among workers in several industries and occupations. Previous communications have given the results of surveys of men working in a coal mine (Anderson, Duthie, and Moody, 1962) and a naval dockyard (Anderson and Duthie, 1963), an electronic engineering factory (Partridge, Anderson, McCarthy, and Duthie, 1965), and a group of iron foundries (Partridge, Anderson, McCarthy, and Duthie, 1968). To obtain information on as wide a range of occupations and working environments as possible, two further groups of men have been studied. They are (a) civil servants in a government department and (b) dockers in a civilian commercial dock. Men in these two occupations have been considered together for a number of reasons: the working environment of the two groups was in sharp contrast, there was a great difference in the physical effort demanded by the occupation, and both groups of men were essentially stable working populations with few transient workers, most of the men having been employed either as civil servant or as docker for most of their working lives.


The catalytic activity of crude Magnetic sand obtained from Michika Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria, in converting luffa oil to its methylester was investigated. The X-ray diffraction spectra have confirmed the sample to be crystalline phase of magnetite Fe2O3. X-ray fluorescent analysis revealed that the sample contains several impurities in various minute quantities which act as dopants substituting some parts of Fe in the spinel structure without forming any other individual phase. The crystallite size was found to be 78.10 nm. Fe3O4 was used as heterogeneous catalyst for the conversion of Luffa oil to its methyl ester. The effect of methanol/oil molar ratio, reaction time, catalyst amount and reaction temperature were investigated. The optimum yield of 34.1% of Luffa methyl ester was obtained at 60°C (temperature), 15:1 methanol/oil molar ratio, 5 h reaction time and 5wt% catalyst amount. Fuel properties of Luffa Original Research Article Tukur et al.; CJAST, 21(6): 1-11, 2017; Article no.CJAST.30482 2 methyl ester were also investigated; Viscosity at 40°C is 6.7mm/s, Flash point 81°C, Pour point 4°C, Ash content 0.03%, Density 0.88 g/cm , and Specific gravity at 15°C being 0.82. Functional characteristics of Luffa methyl ester was obtained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The fuel viscosity and flash points are indicative of the viability of this fuel in diesel engines.


We study a general equilibrium model of international trade with heterogeneous firms, where countries can strategically invest in technology. The countries' motive is to improve firms' productivity, leading to a competitive advantage in international trade. We are interested in how trade liberalization affects this governmental incentive to invest in technology. In the closed economy countries invest if consumers have a sufficiently high preference for varieties. In the open economy we analyze the Nash-equilibrium policy and the cooperative policy. If there are no cross-country investment spillovers, countries strategically compete in their investment levels and increase their investments with higher trade openness. From a social perspective we have an overinvestment problem. If there are cross-country investment spillovers, we differentiate between weak and strong spillovers. In both cases the cooperative solution predicts a positive relationship between investments and trade openness. If there are weak (strong) spillovers, we find a positive (hump-shaped) relationship between technology investments and trade openness in the Nash-equilibrium. From a social perspective we obtain an over (under)-investment problem if spillovers are weak (strong).


The transverse position of a magnetic head relative to reference positions defining even and odd numbered axes between concentric adjacent tracks of a magnetic disc is detected. Each track includes plural position determining, longitudinally extending, equal length cells. The cells have magnetic variations which cause the head to respond to variations in cells of a pair of abutting tracks to derive a series of waveforms respectively having first and second like amplitudes and shapes for even and odd numbered cells as the tracks are translated relative to the head. The waveforms for each of the odd numbered cells include successive equal first amplitude pulses of first and second different polarities. The waveforms for each of the even numbered cells include successive equal second amplitude pulses of first and second different polarities. The number of pulses and approximate shapes of pulses for the even and odd numbered cells are the same. The first and second amplitudes indicate the transverse position of the transducer relative to the axis. In response to a determination of whether the reference axis has an even or odd number and the waveforms, the pulses are altered so both pulses of the odd numbered cells have one of the polarities and pulses of the even numbered cells have the other polarity while substantially retaining the shape and amplitude of the pulses to derive a resulting waveform. The resulting waveform is integrated over an integral number of cells to derive an indication of the transverse position relative to the axis.


Joint pushing and caching (JPC) is a promising approach to achieve high energy efficiency in content delivery systems. However, when content files are delivered in Gaussian broadcast channel, the optimal JPC policy that minimizes the transmission energy is still unknown. This paper focuses on the optimal JPC policy design in Gaussian broadcast channel, where the base station is capable of pushing private and common messages simultaneously. By pushing common messages to cache- enabled users, the transmission energy can be reduced, because the asynchronous requests for the same content file can be served by a single transmission. By analyzing the structure of the optimal policy under the constraints of buffer sizes and users' requests, we find that the pushing rate of the optimal policy remains unchanged between consecutive time instants corresponding to request times and request deadlines. Based on the structure of optimal pushing rate, we present a finite- dimension convex optimization problem, whose solution can be used to construct an optimal JPC policy.


Introduction Osteonecrosis (ON) is a disease that ultimately results in bone collapse. We investigated the correlation between SNPs and osteonecrosis. Methods In this study, 109 patients with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (21 with and 88 without osteonecrosis) were collected for genotype analysis of 7 genes including VEGF, MTHFR, eNOS , and PAI-1 related to the blood system and BMP2 and PPARγ -2 , genes that regulate the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Results The result of the combined analysis of the susceptible BMP2 (rs3178250) TC genotype, MTHFR (rs1801133) CC genotype and VEGF (rs833069) AA genotype was OR: 0.185, 95 % CI:0.044 - 0.774 ( p=0.021 ). In addition, when the different genotype combinations were analyzed the result for BMP2 (rs3178250) TC, MTHFR (rs1801133)CC , and PPARγ -2 (rs11128596) AA genotype was OR:0.096, 95 % CI:0.044-0.774 ( p=0.012 ); the result for BMP2 (rs3178250) TT, VEGF (rs833069) AG , and PPARγ -2 (rs11128596) CA genotype was OR:0.099, 95 % CI:0.016-0.597 ( p=0.012 ); and that of VEGF AA, eNOS 298T GT , and eNOS 27bp tandem repeat 5R5R genotype was OR:0.060, 95 % CI:0.006- 0.588 ( p =0.016 ), respectively. Conclusion The results of this research provides an important reference to predict corticosteroid-associated osteonecrosis for SLE patients, providing related genotypic molecular epidemiology and possible discussion on mechanisms of pathogenicity for corticosteroid-associated osteonecrosis in SLE patients in Taiwan. The result of this research not only serves as a reference for possible ON risk factors in SLE patients with chronic corticosteroid use, but also forms a basis for treatment and medication in the clinical setting.


The invention discloses a pyrazosulfuron ethyl-fentrazamide herbicide composition for weeding in the paddy field. A weight part ratio of pyrazosulfuron ethyl to fentrazamide is in a range of 5: 1 to 1: 5 and preferably, the weight part ratio is 3: 2. Compared with the single-ingredient herbicides, the pyrazosulfuron ethyl-fentrazamide herbicide composition has more obvious effects, reduces an herbicide use amount, reduces the adverse influence produced by herbicides on the ecological environment, has an important meaning for comprehensive control of resistance of weed and has large economic and social benefits.


In this paper a disassembling electronic circuits method of fault diagnosis for Mixed analog/digital electronic circuits is introduced, and analysis in point is put up with an example in this paper.


In this paper some exact solutions of fractional Schrödinger and Eckhaus equations and numerical solutions of massive Thirring equations are obtained. These equations can be reduced to fractional ordinary di¤erential equations by using a suitable transformation. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. 1. Introduction In recent years fractional partial di¤erential equations have been recieved considerable interest by many researchers in mathematics and some of the others …elds in science. Fractional partial di¤erential equations (FPDE) arise from widely expanded areas such as ‡uid mechanics, viscoelasticity, biology and engineering [13]. Several methods have been introduced to obtain exact and numerical solutions of these type of equations such as the Adomian decomposition method, variational iteration method, di¤erential transform method and so on ([4], [8],[9],[11],[16] and [18]). In literature generally numerical techniques have been proposed for FPDE, so we are motivated to investigate exact solutions of some important complex FPDE's. In this paper we consider the fractional Schrödinger equation i @ u @t + p @u @x2 + q juj u = 0; (1) and Eckhaus equation i @ u @t + @u @x2 + 2 @(juj) @x u+ juj u = 0 (2) of order 0 < 1; with the initial condition u(x; 0) = eu0: By using the variable transformation u(x; t) = eU(t); (3) 2000 Mathematics Subject Classi…cation. 35A24, 35A25. Key words and phrases. Partial fractional di¤erential equation, fractional Schrödinger equation, fractional Eckhaus equation, fractional massive Thirring model. Submitted Aug. 20, 2012, Revised Jan. 07, 2014. 209 210 A. UNAL JFCA-2014/5(1) these equations are reduced to ordinary fractional di¤erential equations which provide us to …nd some exact solutions of these equations by using the Demirci and Ozalp's aproach ([2], [3]). Demirci and Ozalp introduce a new technique to …nd the exact solutions of fractional di¤erential equations by using the solutions of integer order di¤erential equations.Transformation (3) is a special form of transformation u(x; t) = e U( ) where = x + t and = x ct. This transformation is a well known transformation and is especially used to reduce the complex nonlinear partial di¤erential equations to ordinary di¤erential equations. For example, nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) and Eckhaus equations are admits a traveling wave solution of the form u(x; t) = e U( ) ([14], [15]). Also we consider the fractional massive Thirring equations i( @ u @t + @u @x ) + v + u jvj = 0 i( @ v @t @v @x ) + u+ v juj = 0 (4) with the following conditions u(x; 0) = eu0 v(x; 0) = ev0 (5) By using the same method, we obtain numerical solutions of this equation. Finally graphics of some solutions are presented. Now we give some de…nitions of the fractional calculus theory which will be needed in this paper ([5], [7] and [10]). De…nition 1. The Riemann-Liouville fractional integration of order ; of a function f is de…ned as J a f(x) = 1 ( ) Z x a (x t) f(t)dt; > 0; x > 0: (6) De…nition 2. The fractional derivative of f(x) in the Caputo sense is de…ned as D a f(x) = J m a D f(x) = 1 (m ) Z x a (x t) f (t)dt where m 1 < m; m 2 N; x > 0: We note that, for the fractional order di¤erentiation, we will use the Caputo's de…nition due to its convenience for initial conditions of the di¤erential equations. De…nition 3. For m to be the smallest integer that exceeds ; the Caputo timefractional derivative operator of order > 0 is de…ned as D t u(x; t) = @ u(x; t) @t = ( 1 (m ) R t a (t ) 1 @ u(x; ) @ m d ; m 1 < < m @u(x;t) @tm ; = m 2 N Here and elsewhere denotes the Gamma function. JFCA-2014/5(1) EXACT SOLUTIONS OF SOME COMPLEX FPDE 211 2. Exact Solutions In this section …rst we give some results obtained from Demirci and Ozalp's work [2]. Then we introduced some exact solutions of Schrödinger and Eckhaus equations of fractional order and numerical solutions of massive-Thirring equation of fractional order: Consider the initial value problem (IVP) with Caputo type FDE given by D x(t) = f(t; x(t)) x(0) = x0 (7) where f 2 C([0; T ]xR;R); 0 < < 1: Theorem 1. Assume that f 2 C[R0; R] where R0 = [(t; x) : 0 t and jx x0j b] and let jf(t; x)j M on R0: Then there exist at least one solution for the IVP (7) on 0 t where = min(a; [ b M ( + 1) 1= ]): Theorem 2. Consider the IVP given by (7). Let g(v; x (v)) = f(t (t v ( + 1)) ; x(t (t v ( + 1)) ) and assume that the conditions of Therorem 1 hold. Then a solution of (7), x(t), is given by x(t) = x (t = ( + 1)) where x (v) is a solution of the integer order di¤erential equation d(x (v)) dv = g(v; x (v)) with the initial condition x (0) = x0: 2.1 Exact solutions of fractional Schrödinger equation First we consider the i @ u @t + p @u @x2 + q juj u = 0 (8) fractional Schrödinger equation with the initial condition u(x; 0) = eu0: (9) ([6], [12] and [17]). Where p, q and u0 are non-zero real constants and u = u(x; t) is a complex-valued function of two real variables x, t: The physical model (8) have been introduced in various area of physics such as nonlinear optics, plasma physics, superconductivity and quantum mechanics for = 1. Substituting (3) into (8) yields, D U(t) = i(qU(t) pU(t)) (10) with U(0) = u0: (11) Now we apply the method which is introduced by Demirci and Ozalp [2]. According to this method g( ; U ( )) = i(qU 3 pU) 212 A. UNAL JFCA-2014/5(1) and the solution of the corresponding integer order IVP given in Theorem 2 is U ( ) = s p q + ( p u0 q)e2pi : So the solution of the (10)-(11) is U(t) = U ( t ( + 1) ) = s p q + ( p u0 q)e2pit = ( +1) : Finally, from (3), the exact solution of (8)-(9) is obtained as follows u(x; t) = e s p q + ( p u0 q)e2pit = ( +1) : (12) For a special choice of p; q; u0 and the graphics are presented (Fig. 1-3): Fig. 1 Imaginary component of u(x; t) (12) for values p = q = 1; u0 = 1= p 2 and = 0:5 Fig. 2 Imaginary component of u(x; t) (12) for values p = q = 1; u0 = 1= p 2 and = 0:9 JFCA-2014/5(1) EXACT SOLUTIONS OF SOME COMPLEX FPDE 213 Fig. 3 Imaginary component of u(x; t) (12) for values p = q = 1; u0 = 1= p 2 and = 1 2.2 Exact solutions of fractional Eckhaus equation In this part we consider the i @ u @t + @u @x2 + 2 @(juj) @x u+ juj u = 0 (13) fractional Eckhaus equation with the initial condition (9). In [1], many of the properties of the Eckhaus equation were investigated. By applying the transformation u(x; t) = eU(t) to the fractional Eckhaus equation, we obtain an ordinary di¤erential equation of fractional order as follows D U(t) = i(U(t) U(t)) (14) with (11). Then from Theorem 2, an exact solution of (14)-(11) is obtained as U(t) = 1 (1 (1 1 u0 )e4it = ( +1))1=4 : (15) Thus it follows from (3) that the exact solution of fractional Eckhaus equation is u(x; t) = e 1 (1 + ( 1 u0 1)e4it = ( +1))1=4 : (16)


In this report we will show the fundamental concepts of two different methods to compute seismic energy absorption. The first methods gives and absolute value of Q and is based on computation with minimum phase operators. The second method gives a relative energy loss compared to a background trend. This method is a rapid, qualitative indicator of anomalous absorption and can be combined with other attributes such as band limited acoustic impedance to indicate areas of likely gas saturation.


Our primary aim is to outline an approach to supervision that integrates the reflecting team format with solution-oriented principles and methods. The article outlines the three stages of the approach, and provides a number of practical guidelines and sample questions and leads for each. A specific case example is then followed through the three stages. As well as contributing to practice in this emerging field, we hope also to contribute to discussions on the use of reflecting teams in general, by making some distinctions and clarifications that we have found helpful in formulating our approach. In particular, we distinguish pluralistic from theoretically aligned uses of reflecting teams, identifying our approach with the latter category. We explore the implications of this theoretical distinction for the development of practical guidelines.


The nonlinear microdynamics of a precision deployable space structure revolute joint incorporating angular contact ball bearings are investigated. Using a controlled-displacement force-state mapping method, it is shown that the hysteresis of thejoint approaches material damping levels asthemotions approach nanometer levels, both in extension and rotation. This suggests that structuresdeveloped from such a joint will beasymptotically linear at nanostrain motions. Moreover,thejointhasregularmicrodynamicsfordisplacementsof nanometersand rotations of microradians. No mechanical irregularities are detected to at least 5 nm of extensional resolution and 20 nrad of rotational resolution. For extensions of 1 πm or less, the axial stiffness shows negligible hysteresis, which within the resolution of the test, is comparable to material damping. In rotation, the joint exhibits nonlinear rotational behavior consistent with Todd/Johnson hysteresis loops (Todd, M. J., and Johnson, K. L., " A Model for Coulomb Torque Hysteresis in Ball Bearings,"International Journal of Mechanical Science , Vol. 29, 1987, pp. 339 ‐354) and is repeatable down to torques of 10 π-N-m. The data support the conclusion that machined irregularities in the bearing component surfaces result in smooth, rather than irregular, microdynamic response.


Social Network Analysis (SNA) of organizations can attract great interest from government agencies and scientists for its ability to boost translational research and accelerate the process of converting research to care. For SNA of a particular disease area, we need to identify the key research groups in that area by mining the affiliation information from PubMed. This not only involves recognizing the organization names in the affiliation string, but also resolving ambiguities to identify the article with a unique organization. We present here a process of normalization that involves clustering based on local sequence alignment metrics and local learning based on finding connected components. We demonstrate the application of the method by analyzing organizations involved in angiogenensis treatment, and demonstrating the utility of the results for researchers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries or national funding agencies.


Background: Polysaccharide has played the part of great role in pharmacology and physiology. Materials and Methods: In this study, the polysaccharides (CIS-A) from Catathelasma imperiale (Fr.) Sing, were isolated and purified by hot water extraction technology and column chromatography, respectively. Chemical methods, infrared spectrum, high-performance gel-permeation chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry,1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR),13C NMR, and two-dimensional NMR were used to characterize the polysaccharides of CIS-A. The anticancer and immunomodulatory ability of the polysaccharides (CIS-A) from the fruiting body of C. imperiale (Fr.) Sing was also investigated. Results: The structural feature analysis showed the polysaccharide (CIS-A) which had a molecular weight of 50486 Da was mainly composed of α-D-glucose pyranose (α-D-Glcp) and β-L-fucose pyranose (β-L-Fucp). It had a backbone of three 1, 3-linked α-D-Glcp. There is a branch at the C2 of the polysaccharide backbone. The branches were mainly composed of two 2, 3-linked β-L-Fucp residue. Antitumor activity results showed that CIS-A could inhibit the growth of S180 tumor and promote the apoptosis of L929 cells. Immunoregulatory activity results showed that CIS-A could promote the proliferation of T-cells and promote B-cells by affecting G0/G1 phase, S phase, and G2/M phase. It also could promote the proliferation and phagocytosis of macrophages and induce cytokine release. Conclusion: Polysaccharide CIS-A can be used as a candidate drug for antitumor and immunomodulator.


PURPOSE: An on-line game item lottery ticket and free gift system of a computer, a game machine, a mobile, a PDS using a wire/wireless data communication network and an operating method thereof are provided to supply a prize winning money of a lottery ticket directly by on-line when a lottery ticket of a professional gamer number is drawn by forecasting a result of a game through a professional gamer and purchasing a lottery ticket. CONSTITUTION: In an on-line game on a network such as the Internet, a game lottery ticket server receives a game schedule and a game screen from a game server which supports an on-line game of a professional gamer in real time and sells game lottery tickets based on the game schedule. A member selects a lottery number of the professional gamer and purchases a game lottery ticket. A bank server checks a game result of the professional gamer from the game lottery ticket server, receives account information related to a prize winning of a lottery ticket, and executes an account transfer by on-line.


To overcome the problem that the vehicle suspension model of the single periodic excitation road does not truly reflect the nonlinear dynamics characteristics of the actual vehicle,the paper establishes a quasiperiodic dynamic road excitation function,and builds a four-degree of freedom nonlinear half vehicle suspension model. Using the Poincare map,phase diagram,power spectral density to analyse the nonlinear dynamics characteristics of the four degrees of freedom semi-active vehicle suspension model on uneven road surface,we obtain the amplitude of chaotic vibration and its vibration characteristics which is quasi-periodic → transition state → chaotic state as the vehicle through uneven road surface. At the same time,the occurrence of chaotic vibration can be inhibited effectively by adjusting the spring stiffness coefficient. The results show that the simulations of the four degrees of freedom nonlinear semi-active suspension model under dual-frequency quasi-periodic excitation is more closer to the real situation,which helps the design of vehicle suspension and pavement.


Spin-density-functional theory is employed to calculate the conductance G through a quasi-one-dimensional quantum wire. In addition to the usual subband quantization plateaus at G=n(2e(2)/h), we find additional structures at (n+1/2)(2e(2)/h). The extra structures appear whether or not the electrons in the wire spin polarize. However, only the spin-polarized case reproduces the experimental temperature and magnetic field dependences.


The paper puts forward the fundamental thinking of the teaching reform in accordance with the problems existed in the teaching of Electronic and Electrical Circuit.Starting from reforming the basic content and architecture of the course,the paper highlights the new features of the course teaching mode.


II DECLARATION III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS V LIST OF FIGURES XII LIST OF TABLES XIII 1. CHAPTER 1: DEFINITION OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM 1 1.


The first issue of the QLIF newsletter is focused on introducing the QLIF project and the communication tool connected to the project.


The state economical safety mostly depends on creation scientifically grounded system of state dangerous acts criminology in economical sphere. The most important direction of this system improvement is to fill in it's gaps (referred to the lowest level of the state danger). This work demands to improve either the norms of the Criminal law and the norms of the Administrative and the Civil law either.


Mangrove forests occur extensively in the tropic areas rich in wildlife and other non-forestry resources and provide a wide array of raw materials for livelihood and production processes and have been a major source of income generation and subsistence for the local people.Exploitation of timber, fuel wood, poles, industrial raw material, and many other non-wood products from the nangrove forests give rise to large scale economic activity and income generation. At present, mangrove forests are facing great peril. Reckless exploitation and swampland reclamation result in their gradual degradation. This article deals with the world's mangrove forest resources and their benefit to people; describes the current status, points out the main causes of the destruction of these forests, presents proposals for protecting mangrove forests, and discusses international cooperation in protecting the world's mangrove forests.


Objectives: To illustrate the sonographic features of malignant colorectal masses in regards to their clinical significance. Material and methods: The study included 37 patients, including 20 men and 17 women, ranging between 30 and 85 years (mean, 46 years old). The abnormal large bowel segment was localized and demonstrated by anatomic site and orientation along with sonographic features. Results: Out of 37 patients, lower GI tract masses included 4 (10.8%) patients of sinister ileoceacal masses. 14 (37.8%) cases of colonic tumors included patients of 4 ascending colon; 2 cases of transverse colon; and 8 cases of descending colon. Sigmoid tumors were documented in 7 (18.9%) patients besides 9 (24.3%) cases of rectal masses. The masses were either lobulated or revealed a segmental wall thickening simulating appearance of kidney (Pseudokidney sign), or diffused wall thickening (Target sign). On color coding with Doppler scanning, most of the masses demonstrated low resistant flow pattern. Conclusion: We concluded that transabdominal sonography may be the preliminary imaging modality that patients undergo after they present with nonspecific lower gastrointestinal signs and symptoms followed by barium enema and/ or flexible colonoscopy for the confirmation of diagnosis of colorectal masses.


Abstract : This technical memorandum discusses hydrodynamic mass and presents a tabulation of several hydrodynamic mass factors and equations that pertain to bodies under translational motion in a fluid.


In this study, an ultra-broadband orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode generator based on a phase-modulated helical long period fiber grating (HLPG) working at highradial order cladding mode is firstly proposed and numerically demonstrated. The proposed phase-only modulation method can considerably facilitate the HLPG's fabrication by eliminating the grating's apodization, which is extremely difficult to realize in the screw-type grating. Meanwhile, the proposed method provides more flexibilities in the design of HLPGs. As a typical example, a first-order OAM (OAM −1) mode generator with a bandwidth of ~63 nm, a conversion efficiency of ~100%, and purity of ~ 91% has been numerically demonstrated. Moreover, an OAM −1 mode generator with a bandwidth of ~469 nm, a conversion efficiency of ~100%, and purity of ~ 91% has been successfully obtained, covering all bands of fiber communication, i.e., o riginal- (O-), extended- (E-), short- (S-), conventional- (C-), long- (L-), and ultralong- (U-) wavelength bands, which, based on our knowledge, are the best results reported to date among those of the HLPG-based OAM mode generators. The proposed component may find potential applications in the OAM mode division multiplexing (MDM) system combined with the wavelength division multiplexing technique.


Hong-Ming Zhu, 2 Yu Yu, Ue-Li Pen, 5, 6, 7 Xuelei Chen, 2, 8 and Hao-Ran Yu 4 Key Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Road, Beijing 100012, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H8, Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Gravitation and Cosmology, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 2Y5, Canada Center of High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China (Dated: April 4, 2017)


This work provides information pertaining to the performance of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) microdosimeters in heavy ion radiation fields. SOI microdosimeters have been previously tested in light ion radiation fields for both space and therapeutic applications, however their response has not been established in high energy, heavy ion radiation fields which are experienced in space. Irradiations were completed at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at BNL using 0.6 GeV/u Fe and 1.0 GeV/u Ti ions. Energy deposition and lineal energy spectra were obtained with this device at various depths within a Lucite phantom along the central axis of the beam. The response of which was compared with existing proportional counter data to assess the applicability of SOI microdosimeters to future deployments in space missions.


Background: Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and severe type of malignant brain tumor in adults. Although the genetic make-up initiating glioblastoma is increasingly better understood, a better understanding in the mechanisms that drive its evolution, heterogeneity and therapy resistance may reveal new directions for therapy development. To get better insights into glioblastoma evolution, we analyzed and de-convoluted transcriptomes of primary and recurrent glioblastoma resections.
 Material and Methods: Matching primary and secondary resections from n=185 glioblastoma patients were collected as part of EORTC Study 1542. The study was extended with tumor pairs from n=51 patients from the international GLASS study. The datasets were subjected to differential and deconvolution analysis using in-house algorithms.
 Results: When mapping the tumor samples into a reduced Glioblastoma Intrinsic Transcriptional Subtype space, we visualized subtype traversal, indicating that the CL subtype most often switches. As we found no more transitions from MES to other subtypes than to be expected by chance, we concluded that MES is an end-state. On average, tumor cell percentages decreased from ~67% to ~50% mostly due to an increase in TAM/microglia. Differential expression analysis was performed with correction for tumor cell percentages. While expression of most known oncogenes did not change considerably over time, marker genes of TAM/microglia, neurons and oligodendrocytes were up-regulated whereas endothelial cell markers were down-regulated over time. Furthermore, a cluster of ~30 extracellular matrix-associated genes increase significantly over time. A signature representing the gene-set was significantly associated with poor survival; high signatures were in particular associated to survival in secondary resections (P = 6.613e-06, Kaplan-Meier estimator). This suggests that the increase of extracellular matrix expression fulfils an important role in glioblastoma evolution.
 Conclusion: Using a large cohort, we interrogated changes in the glioblastoma transcriptome over time and found that in particular the composition of the tumor and its environment changes. The tumor cell percentage drops, suggesting more invasion or recruitment of non-malignant cells or a combination of both. This change is independent of an increase in the prognostic increase in extracellular matrix expression.
 Citation Format: Youri Hoogstrate, Kaspar Draaisma, Santoesha A. Ghisai, Iris de Heer, Levi van Hijfte, Wouter Coppieters, Melissa Kerkhof, Astrid Weyerbrock, Marc Sanson, Ann Hoeben, Slávka Lukacova, Giuseppe Lombardi, Sieger Leenstra, Monique Hanse, Ruth Fleischeuer, Colin Watts, Joseph McAbee, Nicos Angelopoulos, Thierry Gorlia, Vassilis Golfinopoulos, Johan M. Kros, Vincent Bours, Martin J. van den Bent, Pierre A. Robe, Pim J. French. Transcriptional evolution of glioblastoma reveals changes in bulk composition, mesenchymal sub-type as end-state, and a prognostic association with increased extracellular matrix gene expression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6140.


Based on the "twenty words principle" of new rural construction and Socio-ecological ethics of "harmony between humanity and nature",and the principle of "nature-socio-economic complex ecosystem",the indicators and parameters of eco-"new countryside"were put forward. Whith eco-environmental quality Fuzzy evaluation principle,the composite fuzzy distance evaluation method of eco-"new countryside"was established.


A GaInAsSb-AlGaAsSb large optical cavity triple-quantum-well structure was grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Shallow mesa ridge-waveguide lasers with stripe width of 100 /spl mu/m were fabricated and tested. An internal losses coefficient as low as 4 cm/sup -1/ and a high internal quantum efficiency of 70% were obtained. In the pulsed regime at room temperature, the extrapolated threshold current densities for infinite cavity length is 78 A/cm/sup 2/. The threshold current density per quantum well is as low as 34 A/cm/sup 2/ for a 3-mm-long cavity.


In the connection design of the steel frame,the high-strength bolt with end plate connection was extensively used at the rigid joint where the beam was connected to the strong axis of the column.We analyzed the three factors that affected rigid connection of beam-column joints,besides the thickness of end plate,the install of rib stiffener and the need for column flange backing.In the paper,the formula of the thickness of end plate and calculation method of the rib stiffener was discussed.According to mechanical analysis,the formula for the thickness of the backing plate was deduced.The formula was provided some references in an actual connection design.


This Paper reports the findings of a series of short-term sustained loading tests on concrete cylinders in which the extent of microcracking in concrete was continuously monitored using a novel non-destructive method. The approximate crack areas within the cross-sections of these concrete cylinders were estimated from the measured transverse and axial strain readings obtained with electrical resistance strain gauges attached to the surface of the cylinders. The experimental results showed that microcracks were initiated at a stress-strength ratio ranging between 0·15 and 0·44 (rather than at a specific value), but they did not propagate under sustained loads unless the stress–strength ratio exceeded a threshold value of about 0·5. Beyond this threshold level, the rate of microcrack propagation generally increased with increasing stress but, up to a certain stress–strength ratio (ranging between 0·8 and 0·9), decreased with time during sustained loading. It was also observed that this particular stress–str...


The prevalence of spondyloarthropathy (SpA) in Chinese Indonesians is much higher than in native Indonesians. This is due to HLA-B27 subtype differences In the present study we re-examined the clinical features of SpA in Indonesia, to see whether besides the HLA-B27 subtypes differences, other factors are of influence on the frequency of SpA. Seventy two patients with SpA were re-examined. The patients came from two clinics for rheumatic diseases. The overall entry ratio Chinese : native was 1 : 2. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was more frequent among the Chinese (n=32, 94% B27 positive) than among the native Indonesians (n=5, 40% B27 positive). HLA-B27 subtyping was performed on 22 of the 37 HLA-B27 positive AS patients Twenty Chinese were positive for B*2704, 2 native Indonesians were B*2705. The clinical features of AS and reactive arthritis (ReA) showed no differences between the two populations and were equal to the clinical descriptions in other parts of the world In conclusion, it can be stated that in spite of the HLA-B27 subtype differences the clinical features of SpA in Chinese and native Indonesians are fully comparable..


The first example of transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl tosylates or mesylates with organoindium compounds is described. The desired carbon-carbon bond formation proceeds under mild conditions to generate the coupling products in good yields.


This study is an investigation into the impact of Nigerian local government financing options on successful execution of development projects. Through the ordinary least square
regression analysis, the study proved that though there is an established case of underfunding in the entire Nigerian local government system, the propagation of funds misappropriation theory seems to hold true, and both account for the low level of economic development being experienced in Nigeria. Hence, the recommendation includes the upward review of the Federal Statutory Account, strict adherence to the law on the release of
State Statutory Allocation to the local governments while checking the unwieldy behaviour of local government practitioners on proper fund management.

 Keywords: Local governance, Financing options, Development projects, Economic development


In this paper, we present the challenges in supporting VoIP services over multi-hop wireless networks using commercial IEEE 802.11 MAC DCF hardware, and propose a novel software solution, called Layer 2.5 SoftMAC. Our proposed SoftMAC resides between the 802.11 MAC layer and IP layer to coordinate the real-time and best-effort packet transmission among neighboring nodes in a multi-hop wireless network. To effectively support VoIP services, our SoftMAC architecture employs three key mechanisms: 1) distributed admission control for regulating the load of real time-traffic, 2) rate control for minimizing the impact of best-effort traffic on real-time traffic, and 3) non- preemptive priority queueing for providing high priority service to VoIP traffic. To evaluate the efficacy of these mechanisms, we conduct extensive simulations using the network simulator NS2. We also implement our proposed SoftMAC as a Windows Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) driver over Network Interface Card (NIC) driver, and build a multi-hop wireless network testbed with 32 wireless nodes equipped with 802.11 a/b/g combo cards. Our evaluation and testing results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed software solution.


Abstract Like every other continent in the world, Antarctica has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, in an imagined as well as a practical sense. Antarctica is a mediated experience; that is, most of us experience the place through films, novels, music, visual arts and the media. We present an analysis of media articles from eight countries over three time periods - pre-COVID-19 outbreak (October–December 2019), shortly after the pandemic hit the headlines (March–May 2020) and when the virus was established (October–December 2020) - to discover how COVID-19 may have changed Antarctic discourse. Our study shows that representations of Antarctica have been affected by the pandemic, in some instances reinforcing existing ideas and in other cases bringing new ideas to the fore. Based on our findings, we believe that COVID-19 has begun to change representations of Antarctica, stepping us away from the prevailing Antarctic hero narrative and providing a more contemporary understanding of the Antarctic experience. We argue that this may increase our motivation to engage with Antarctic issues, with associated implications for future global stewardship of the region.


In the past several years growing emphasis on the environment has generated a minor revolution in the field of air quality instrumentation. New instruments have been appearing steadily and will no doubt continue to do so in the near future. While this new generation of instrumentation is being field tested, refined, and applied to air quality measurement problems, development of more sensitive and versatile techniques continues. This paper gives an overview of the new generation of air quality monitoring instruments, comparing them with some more traditional methods.


Establishes the National Atomic Museum on the grounds of the Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico. Authorizes the Secretary of Energy to establish permanent or temporary advisory committees to provide studies, consultation, advice, or assistance to the Museum.


Protein kinase D (PKD) has been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes and pathological conditions including cancer. However, targeting PKD therapeutically and dissecting PKD‐mediated cellular responses remain difficult due to lack of a potent and selective inhibitor. Previously, we identified a novel pan‐PKD inhibitor, CID755673, with upper nanomolar potency and high selectivity for PKD. To further enhance its selectivity and potency for potential in vivo use, five small molecule analogs with equal or greater potencies as CID755673 were generated and analyzed. Modifications to the aromatic core structure significantly increased potency while retaining high specificity for PKD. When tested in prostate cancer cells, all compounds inhibited activation of PKD1, with the compound kb‐NB142‐70 being most active. Importantly, the analogs caused a dramatic arrest in cancer cell proliferation and reduced viability. Cell migration and invasion were also inhibited by these analogs with varying potencies that correlated to their cellular activity. Throughout the range of experiments, the compounds kb‐NB142‐70 and kb‐NB165‐09 emerged as the most potent and specific analogs. In summary, our study reports a class of novel PKD small molecule inhibitors that are promising pharmacological tools for dissecting PKD function and for antagonizing aberrant PKD activity in cancer.


The fullness of ship forms, as measured by the block coefficient Cb, has for many years been a point for discussion. Today, using computers, the optimum Cb can be accurately calculated for any particular type of ship and trade for any optimality criteria. An empirical value of the optimum Cb is however always useful even in an optimisation calculation where it can be used as a check on the computer results. In other cases where a computer optimisation is not available, the empirical formula may provide the only guide. In this article one or more empirical formulae for Cb, which it is believed is of general use for all types of ships is presented. The new proposed formula has been calculated with the aid of a computer program and data of about 200 ships of various types built in the last decade. The formula found by regression analysis is purely empirical. (AUTHOR)


Object:For the purpose of investigating zinc sulphate and dexamethasone induction on the MT of rabbit liver,we researched the effect of them on the Zinc content of rabbit liver.Methods:Rabbits were divided into five groups:the group A were treated with an subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone three times,the group B and C were treated with an subcutaneous injection of zinc sulphate five times for 10 days,but group C were added dexamethasone in the last three times,the rabbits in group D and E were treated with an subcutaneous injection of zinc sulphate seven times for 14 days,but group E were added dexamethasone in the last three times.We detect the contents of zinc in the rabbits liver by atomic absorption Spectrophotometry.Results:The zinc contents in liver of both groups B and D were prominently higher than that of the group A(P0.01).The two groups(C?E) of given both Zinc and dexamethasone were higher than the corresponding groups of given Zinc(P0.01,P0.05).The group(D) given zinc 14 days is lower than the group(B)given zinc 14 days (P0.01).Conclusions:Znic sulphate and dexamethasone can induct the MT of the rabbit's liver markedly and both have significant synergistic action.


Zinc powder was electrodeposited from the bath containing 40g/L Zn2+,30g/L NH4Cl as the conducting salt,3g/L dextrin as the refiner with some zinc shells of used dry cells as the anode and stainless steel plate as the cathode.Irregulerly shaped zinc powder 1~4 μm in size,91.3% in purity was obtained with a current efficiency up to 91.1% at a current density of 12A/dm2 and with low-speed agitation.The results show that,the higher Zn2+ concentration the larger the powder size and the severer the glomeration is;both dextrin and polyethylene glycol can act as the grain refiner and prevent the glomeration;the higher the cathode current density,the finer the zinc powder,the more hydrogen evolution is;low-speed agitation and ultrasonic wave can accelerate the mass transfer of Zn2+ and depress the hydrogen evolution.The results of electrochemical studies indicate that the concentration polarization of Zn2+ and H+ is great enough to obtain zinc powder instead of plate when the potential is more negative than-1.8V(vs SCE).


With the development of expressway and bringing up the idea of building socialism new rural village in "the eleventh five year plan",the rural highway as the support of main highway net has received more respect from Chinese government day by day.However,the situation of rural highway construction is still staying in the single financing way of "who construct,who operate;who derive the benefit,who take the responsibility".The demand of rural highway construction can't be satisfied fundamentally in this single way.The paper is beginning with searching for the new type of financing way to suit for the development of rural highway construction of Chinese countryside.Aimed on transferring the risk of government,utilizing policy-based investment effectively,accomplishing multi-channel financing mode and attaining the task of win-win in road construction and resource exploitation,the application way of extensive BOT project mode on rural road construction is introduced emphatically.


The use of financial information in deciding to invest wisely is crucial in all undertakings of investment ventures. This article presents the research findings on the use of financial information in Tanzania a case of Iringa region. The study was conducted to find out whether investors of stock exchange do consider financial information when deciding to invest. Mixed methodology of data collections strategies was used in the study. However, questionnaire was the prominent collection strategy. Correlation and descriptive methods were used in the analysis of the data. The study applied purposive sampling methodology and was stratified into three categories: Small Investors (SI), Medium Investors (MI), and Large Investors (LI). The findings revealed three propositions. 1) That the use of financial information assimilated a direct relationship with the level of investment. 2) That small investors realized poor use of financial information compared to other groups of investors. 3) That large investors indicated that they were more sensitive to the use financial information when deciding to invest than other groups of investors. Generally it was found that only 13.63 percent of all investors use/consider financial information when deciding to invest.


In this paper, a new method for extracting fuzzy rules from data is proposed based on radial basis function networks. Not only fast and effective the method is, but also the extracted rules are clear. The fuzzy neural networks constructed by this method may be used to approach nonlinear functions.