As members of local host communities, volunteers play an important role in effective long-term refugee resettlement. This study investigated the nature of volunteer commitment by organizational volunteers who were assigned a front-line role in organizing material assistance and providing information about cultural practices for newly arrived refugees. Using interview data from volunteers, organizational representatives, and organizational recruitment and training documents, the study found that volunteers' commitment was structured by the presence and absence of volunteer coordinators, the organization's clients and volunteers' significant others. While insufficient ties to the organization or strong, competing ties from significant others led volunteers to detach themselves from the organization, overly strong affective ties with refugees displaced organizational ties, leading to volunteers' organizational exit. This study problematizes an individual-centric, psychological notion of commitment; instead, it situates commitment as a collective communicative process whereby relevant stakeholders negotiate the relationships that tie them together. It thus expands the range of voices present in decisions about commitment and provides new data on how organizational and relational others impact sustainable volunteer management.


Abstract The Downdip Yegua Trend of overpressured gas-condensate reservoirs has produced over 600 BCF and 15 MMBBL of oil and condensate, mostly since 1979: The trend has indicated reserves in the range of 1.6-2.0 TCF, and substantially higher potential. The trend was opened only In the late 1970s and 1980s because its sandstone fairways are for the most part separated from updip sandstone-rich Yegua section (which has produced since the 1930s) by a "mid-dip" region where sandstones are scarce. The trend is also separated from overlying Frio and Vicksburg targets by over 1000 ft of highly overpressured Jackson shale. Five fairways can be defined: --I. The Duval-Jim Wells Fairway, with thin but continuous sandstones and little expansion of section; --II. The Wharton-Jackson Fairway, with thick but discontinuous sandstones of high quality and very active faulting and expansion; --III. The Fort Bend-Brazoria Frontier, with deeply buried sandstones affected by growth faulting and salt movement; --IV. The Harris-Jefferson Fairway, with abundant sandstones, no mid-dip region separating it from updip deltaic sediments, abundant salt structures, and growth faulting; --V. The Orange-Calcasieu Fairway, with widespread sandstones but a narrower belt of growth faults and traps. Fairway IV has the most production to date (372 BCF), but it was also one of the earliest to be developed (beginning In 1953). Fairway II has produced 164 BCF since Its discovery in 1982, and is the most active fairway to date. Fairway I has produced 70 BCF since 1979, and Fairway V has produced In the vicinity of 11 BCF. Fairways III and V are in the least mature stage of development. Sandstones In the Wharton-Jackson Fairway are fed by dip-elongate channel systems which extend through the "mid-dip" region; these channels are presently a focus of exploration for normally-pressured gas. Downdip, the channels feed a variety of deltaic, bar/strandplain and shelf environments. The episodic deposition downdip from the main Yegua (Katy) delta system is due either to episodic lowering of eustatic sea level, or to infrequent progradation of narrow blrdsfoot deltas Into the middle and outer shelf. At present, activity is mainly concentrated on detecting "sweet spots" of a few hundred acres or less; evaluating downdip and lateral extensions of known trends; and in defining large, potentially prolific structures in frontier areas using integrated geologic and geophysical analysis.


Large ICF experiments require their physical diagnosis systems to be equipped with a sophisticated central control system,which makes sure the whole experiment would be safe and efficient.An integrated central control system framework for physical diagnosis system serving for domestic ICF large laser device,which is being built,is brought forward. Two subsystems in the central control system are designed with field programmable gate array(FPGA) technology,implementing a high performance embedded system on chip(SoC) platform for instruction synchronous system in FPGA and integrating the synchronous trigger system into a PXI system for central control by FPGA.


Detecting the changes of land use and land cover of the earth's surface is extremely important to achieve continual and precise information about study area for any kinds of planning of the develop ...


This paper introduces the design of a feed subsystem for a multiple-beam array-fed reflector antenna. The prototype is composed of 37 circularly polarized horns and a complicated RF switch matrix. The feed horns are divided into four interleaved groups. Each time four adjacent feed horns, i.e., each from one group, are selected by the RF switch matrix to connect to a signal processor where the delivered signals are weighted and combined to form a radiation beam. The beam can be controlled to hop in a certain zone with the response time at the level of μs. The use of RF switch matrix reduces the cost of signal processing. By expanding the scale of feed array as well as the RF switch matrix, a much more comprehensive feed subsystem can be developed to produce multiple independent hopping beams in association with a reflector. The scheme and experimental results of the prototype are presented in the context.


This article is part of a larger project that seeks to retrieve a forgotten or lost form of constitutionalism, one which aspires to prevent socioeconomic inequality from translating into political inequality and, hence, better to ensure the liberty of average citizens.1 This more democratic constitutional model does not presuppose "the people" to be a unitary, homogenous sovereign subject, and it does not fix general election as the primary means of appointing public officials. This alternative constitutional model differs markedly from post–eighteenth-century constitutionalism in three primary ways: it excludes wealthy citizens from important legislative assemblies and executive offices; it appoints public magistrates through a lottery or through a mixture of lottery and election; and it leaves to the ultimate judgment of the entire citizenry the punishment of public officials or private individuals indicted for political crimes. Niccolo Machiavelli, virtually alone among all the major advocates of republican government from Aristotle, Cicero, Guicciardini, and Montesquieu through Madison and beyond, argued that common citizens, in order to live free from oppression by


From the Department of Electrocardiography, St. Mary's Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, where Dr. Bernreiter is head of this Department. Presented at the Seventh annual meeting of the International College of Angiology, London, England. * Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, Kansas. The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction depends to a great extent on the electrocardiographic findings. The clinical symptoms are usually quite characteristic and, together with the laboratory tests, establish a rather convincing


The invention relates to a special cutter for peel strength test of a photovoltaic assembly. The special cutter comprises a base, wherein the base is provided with two parallel strip open holes, namely a first open hole and a second open hole, the long sides of the open holes are mutually parallel, the inner wall of the first open hole is oppositely provided with a first cutter blade and a second cutter blade, the inner wall of the second open hole is oppositely provided with a third cutter blade and a fourth cutter blade, the ends of the first cutter blade, the second cutter blade, the third cutter blade and the fourth cutter blade are positioned at the same straight line, and the distance of the two adjacent cutter blades is 1cm. The cutter has the advantages that three EVA (ethylene/vinyl acetate) layers can be simultaneously cut, and the width of each EVA layer is 1cm; the cost is low, the manufacturing is simple, the operation is convenient, the excessive production cost is not increased, and the production efficiency and precision are improved.


Abstract Prototype Laser Weather Identifier (LWI) systems designed to detect fog, rain and snow were tested for several months at Stapleton International Airport in Denver, and at the AFGL Weather Test Facility at Otis Air Force Base, Massachusetts. We present a detailed analysis of the performance of these systems, compared with human weather observations and tipping-bucket raingages, and suggest modifications for future operational instruments.


................. ........................................................................................................................ ii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. vi List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. vii Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 Nanosilver .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Nanosilver regulations ...................................................................................................................................... 2 nAg in the environment .................................................................................................................................... 3 nAg toxicity ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 Cortisol response ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Growth and Fulton's condition factor (K) ....................................................................................... 8 Hepatosomatic index (HSI) .................................................................................................................. 8 Metabolism ................................................................................................................................................ 9 General ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Metabolic measurements .............................................................................................................................. 10 Effects of contaminants on metabolism .................................................................................................. 10 Study Objectives .................................................................................................................................... 11 References ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 2: Effect of nanosilver on cortisol release and morphometrics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ..................................................... 23 Abstract .................................................................................................................................................... 23 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 25 Study Objectives .................................................................................................................................... 28 Materials and Methods ....................................................................................................................... 28 Experimental animals ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Exposure experiment ...................................................................................................................................... 29 Biological sampling .......................................................................................................................................... 31 Blood plasma cortisol sample analysis .................................................................................................... 32 High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ............................... 35 Quality Assurance/Quality Control ........................................................................................................... 36 Data analysis ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 Statistical analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 38 Results ...................................................................................................................................................... 39 Exposure concentrations of silver ............................................................................................................. 39 Fish tissue silver concentration results .................................................................................................. 41 Cortisol Results.................................................................................................................................................. 42 Growth, Condition Factor (K), and HSI .................................................................................................... 44 Discussion ............................................................................................................................................... 46 References ............................................................................................................................................... 52 Chapter 3: Effect of nanosilver on metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ................................................................................................................. 62 Abstract .................................................................................................................................................... 62 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 63


The invention provides a face identification access control system capable of realizing multipath control, which is characterized by comprising a management module, a face template acquiring device, an identified end information processing module, an access controller, an image acquiring module and an electric lock module, wherein the face template acquiring device is in circuit connection with the management module; the identified end information processing module is connected with the management module through a network; the access controller and the image acquiring module are in circuit connection with the identified end information processing module; and the electric lock module is in circuit connection with the access controller. In the invention, a plurality of image acquiring devices and a plurality of electric locks in one-to-one correspondence are arranged and only need to be connected to one identified end information processing module according to the number of doors and the number of installed image acquiring devices, and a plurality of identified end information processing modules do not need to be installed for controlling each door in an one-to-one correspondence way, thereby reducing the complexity of installation, lowering the cost of users, improving the utilization ratio of identified end information processing, and reducing the management burden.


This paper presents a multisegment coal mill model that covers the whole milling process from mill startup to shutdown. This multisegment mathematical model is derived through analysis of energy transferring, heat exchange, and mass flow balances. The work presented in the paper focuses on modeling E-type vertical spindle coal mills that are widely used in coal-fired power plants. An evolutionary computation technique is adopted to identify the unknown model parameters using the on-site measurement data. The identified parameters are then validated with different sets of online measured data. Validation results indicate that the model is accurate enough to represent the whole process of coal mill dynamics and can be used for prediction of the mill dynamic performance. Therefore, the model can be used for online monitoring, fault detection, and control to improve the efficiency of combustion.


Searching for prospects that appear to have the same geologic characteristics as established fields is one of the oldest ways to discover new oil and gas reservoirs. But how about the more challenging — and sometimes more rewarding — case where the "look‐alike" prospect, after being drilled successfully, no longer resembles the established field to which the prospect was originally compared? What can be done to reevaluate the prospect for future development? Welder Ranch field underwent exactly this kind of reevaluation…with seismic stratigraphy playing a major role.


. — Motivated by the problem of designing inference-friendly Bayesian non-parametric models in probabilistic programming languages, we introduce a general class of partially exchangeable random arrays which generalizes the notion of hierarchical exchange-ability introduced in Austin and Panchenko (2014). We say that our partially exchangeable arrays are DAG-exchangeable since their partially exchangeable structure is governed by a collection of Directed Acyclic Graphs. More specifically, such a random array is indexed by N | V | for some DAG G = ( V, E ), and its exchangeability structure is governed by the edge set E . We prove a representation theorem for such arrays which generalizes the Aldous-Hoover and Austin–Panchenko representation theorems.


Frequency modulation (FM) information from the speech signal is herein proposed to complement the conventional amplitude based features for automatic forensic speaker recognition systems. In addition to presenting the AM-FM model of speech used to generate the proposed frequency modulation features, the significance of frequency modulation for speaker recognition is discussed. Evaluation results from an automatic forensic speaker recognition system combining FM and MFCC features are shown to out-perform those of a system employing MFCC features alone, in terms of all typical metrics, such as detection error trade-off curves, Tippett curves and applied probability of error curves. Index Terms : frequency modulation, automatic forensic speaker recognition.


The methods of analysis that were applied to the information gathered during the 1991–1992 field tests of the Introductory University Physics Project are demonstrated through the study of two specific questions. The first question addresses the effectiveness of in‐class demonstrations as an aid to learning. The relative importance of demonstrations, a feature relevant to most implementations of introductory science courses, emerged from comments contributed by students in both comparison and model courses. The second question is about the effectiveness of teaching and learning an area of physics (such as mechanics) through the use of an overarching context (such as ''Interplanetary Travel''). This question was inspired by the test of a specific model, Physics in Context.


As a new mode of supply chain operation, Supply-Hub has been widely adopted. However, due to the imperfect operating mechanism and the weak willingness of the enterprises to collaborate on information, there are still great problems in information sharing. Information collaboration has become a problem in supply chain management. Based on the perspective of Supply-Hub operator, our work builds an evolutionary game model of operator and node enterprise strategy selection in the supply chain, and then uses MATLAB software simulation to analyze the strategy selection schemes and evolution trends of both parties in different revenue environments. The results show that the strategic choice of supply chain node enterprises is closely related to the cost-benefit ratio, and Supply-Hub operators can use incentives to enhance the willingness of supply chain enterprises to transfer information.


Rural roads are important infrastructures for the rural economic development and well-off farmers.Its "accessible" and "open" is closely related to the fundamental interests of the masses of the people.The more open,the better for the road.To strengthen the building of rural roads and prosperity of the rural transport are both strong measures and important strategies for increasing the income of the farmers and key points for the rural community and rural economic development.


Constructing the information system of freight transport plan by use of WEB technology is characterized by less investment,convenient maintenance,simple interface for more information,etc.Meanwhile,this concept is feasible technologically. The information will be input by the mode of interviewing local homepage,which may improve the data input efficiency to some degree.


Recombinant Activated Protein C (APC) is an FDA-approved agent for reducing death in severe sepsis patients, and it is currently the subject of an NIH-sponsored clinical trial for therapy of ischemic stroke. Independent of its long-known anticoagulant activity, APC binds to cells and triggers a variety of cytoprotective activities that suppress apoptosis, inflammation and endothelial barrier disruption. APC protects not only endothelial cells but also neurons from stress. One current paradigm for APC's cell signaling mechanisms emphasizes APC binding to endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) followed by subsequent protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) activation and GPCR pathway signaling. However, several findings imply that the APC-EPCR-PAR1 signaling paradigm is not always applicable or might not be sufficient to explain APC's multiple actions and that alternative signaling mechanisms and/or receptors might be important. A recent report of platelet interactions with immobilized APC indicated that APC binds to apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) (aka low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8, LRP8) and to glycoprotein Ibα. Thus, to evaluate cell signaling functional significance for APC binding to ApoER2, we used human monocytic-like U937 cells and determined the nature of ApoER2-dependent signaling by APC. First, we characterized the forms of ApoER2 mRNA in U937 cells and identified two isoforms, both with deletions of exons 5 and 18 and one with an additional deletion of exon 15 that codes for the extracellular O-linked sugar region. Western blotting confirmed the presence of two predicted forms of ApoER2. Second, we determined whether APC caused phosphorylation of signaling members of the Reelin-ApoER2 pathway. APC initiated rapid Tyr220 phosphorylation of the adaptor protein, disabled-1 (Dab1), and of Ser473 in Akt. APC also induced phosphorylation of Ser9 in glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) which was blocked by the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002. Receptor-associated protein (RAP), an antagonist for ApoER2 ligand binding, inhibited APC-induced phosphorylation of Dab1 and GSK3β, whereas anti-EPCR or anti-PAR1 blocking antibodies did not, suggesting APC signals via a Reelin-like pathway. Third, Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) analysis indicated that soluble (s) ApoER2 was bound with apparently higher affinity to APC (34 nM) than was sEPCR (195 nM), and that RAP completely blocked binding of sApoER2 to APC but had no effect on APC binding of sEPCR. No binding of another Reelin signaling pathway receptor, sVLDLR, to APC was detected by SPR. Thus, RAP blocks high affinity binding of APC to sApoER2, consistent with the hypothesis that the RAP-sensitive, APC-induced signaling in U937 cells is caused by APC ligation of ApoER2 without binding of APC to VLDLR. Fourth, RAP and the blocking anti-EPCR RCR252 antibody ablated binding of cells to immobilized APC but not to immobilized fibronectin, suggesting that both a RAP-sensitive receptor (eg., ApoER2) and EPCR were required for high affinity binding of U937 cells to immobilized-APC after vigorous washing. Fifth, we pretreated cells with various blocking antibodies or RAP and then treated cells with LPS and APC. APC diminished LPS-induced procoagulant activity due to tissue factor as expected. Either RAP alone or the blocking anti-EPCR RCR252 antibody alone totally ablated APC's effects. However, two antibodies (ATAP2 and WEDE15) that block APC activation of PAR1 had no effect on APC's ability to blunt LPS-induction of tissue factor activity. Thus, both a RAP-sensitive receptor (eg., ApoER2) and EPCR were required for APC to down-regulate tissue factor procoagulant activity on LPS-stimulated cells. In summary, these data indicate that ligation of ApoER2 on cells by APC, like ligation of ApoER2 on neurons by Reelin, causes signaling involving Dab1 phosphorylation and subsequent activation of PI3K and Akt and inactivation of GSK3β by mechanisms that are independent of EPCR and PAR1. As ApoER2 and Dab1 are present on endothelium as well as neurons, we hypothesize that ApoER2 is a novel functional receptor for APC that provides a direct pathway for activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by APC which could act in concert with GPCR-induced signaling induced by EPCR-dependent activation of PAR1 to mediate APC's beneficial effects on cells.


Radioiodine treatment is administered radioactive iodine to treat the thyroid cancer or to ablate a thyroid remnant. However, due to the risk of radiation, there is a possibility that the patient will experience side effects. Skin dose is an important parameter for quantifying patient dose. The aim of this study is to use a MOSFET detector for real time skin dosimetry. At the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP), University of Wollongong, a new type of MOSFET detector called MOSkin is being developed to measure the skin dose, with real-time read out. This paper discusses the pre-clinical characterization the MOSkin and phantom study with radioiodine. In this study, the MOSkin is operated in active mode during irradiation, with + 5V gate bias supplied by a Lithium battery.


To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluating the effects of caffeine and creatine together on blood glucose and lactate levels in healthy adults.


AIM To investigate the effect of Danmo Capsules(Ecliptae Herba,Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Ligustri lucidi Fructus,Leonuri Herba,Lonicerae japonicae Flos,Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma,etc.) on gene expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(11β-HSD) and hexose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase(H6PD) in rats.METHODS After oral administration of Danmo Capsules(0.432 g / kg) to 12 male SD rats for 14 consecutive days,gene expressions of 11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2 and H6PD in tissues of liver,kidney,thymus,spleen,fat,muscle,heart,lungs,small intestine and testis were determined with quantitative RT-PCR method.RESULTS Danmo Capsules significantly induced gene expression of 11β-HSD1 in liver tissues,and inhibited gene expression of 11β-HSD1 in kidney,thymus,spleen,fat,muscle,small intestine and heart tissues.Danmo Capsules significantly induced gene expressions of 11β-HSD2 in kidney,small intestine and testis tissues,and inhibited gene expression of 11β-HSD2 in liver,heart,spleen and muscles.Danmo Capsules significantly induced gene expressions of H6PD in muscle and testis tissues,and inhibited gene expressions of H6PD in liver,kidney,lung,spleen and thymus tissues.CONCLUSION Danmo Capsules could change the activity of corresponding enzyme through affecting gene expression of 11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2 and H6PD in rat tissues,and affect in vivo activation of glucocorticoids and hormone levels in local tissues.


The Franciscan Institute inaugurated the Franciscan Institute Medal award in 1987. Its purpose was to honor those who have made "outstanding contributions to scholarship in Franciscan Studies: philosophy, theology, history, spirituality." The medal itself was designed by Mr. Hugh J. Brown of Bethesda, Maryland and cast by Creed Rosary Co. of North Attleboro, Massachusetts. The silver medallion bears the legend "Scholarship in Franciscan Studies" and the effigies in bas-relief of four great Franciscan teachers: St. Anthony of Padua, St. Bonaventure, Bl. John Duns Scotus and William of Ockham. The name of the honoree and the year of the award completes the circle of the four doctors. The reverse side of the medal bears the seal of


Abstract Many studies have presented various classification techniques for improving the accuracy of image classification, but heterogeneous classification results, like salt-and-pepper still appear in thematic maps. In this paper, a filter-based post-classification technique, likelihood class filter (LCF), is presented to not only remove heterogeneous classes but also to improve the accuracy of image classification. This paper demonstrates that the classification accuracy can be effectively improved by LCF, which offers the resulting thematic maps of Salinas-A scene, Indian Pines test site and Pavia University scene the optimal overall accuracy (the highest homogeneity index) of 99.81% (0.9716), 92.41% (0.8936) and 92.35% (0.8985), respectively.


We provide a single channel speech enhancement method leveraging the harmonic structure of voiced speech. A sinusoidal model, based on the pitch of the speaker, is used to filter noisy speech and remove any noise components that lie between the harmonics. To remove noise that lie on each harmonic frequency, we use a noise estimation procedure that exploits spectral sparsity of voiced speech. By measuring the power spectrum at frequencies that correspond to the zero crossings of the windowing function, we can estimate the noise levels even in frames that have voiced speech. We also provide a constrained linear least squares formulation to reduce "musical noise" which arises from difficulty in estimating speech and noise power spectral densities. We show that our method yields high perceptual performance over existing methods, and can easily adapt to conditions in which the noise characteristics are constantly changing.


Anslysis of spectral fluorescence properties of tissue under laser-induced excitation can be a highly informative method of clinical diagnostics of some diseases of internal organs and a method of examination of their functional state.


This paper proposes a new class of observers, called adaptive impulsive observers. These observers are capable of estimating the states and unknown parameters of an uncertain system using the output of the system at discrete jump times only. Through a proposed theorem, the stability of the states estimation error system is proved and an upper bound on the maximum possible impulses (jumps) interval is given. Due to these advantages, the proposed adaptive impulsive observer is used in a chaotic systems synchronization scheme. The presented simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed observer even when the coupling signal is scalar.


There was an error in one of the grant numbers given. The Acknowledgements section should read as follows: This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB933800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21374036) and the 111 Project (B06009). The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.


Most of the sensor data in the battery energy storage system (BESS) is nonlinear, and polynomial regression method is an appropriate method for learning such nonlinear data. In this paper, we propose a method to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) by applying the internal resistance (IR) voltage and capacitance correlation to the polynomial regression method. In addition, the accelerated deterioration and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test were carried out using lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2) batteries with different nickel (Ni) content. Through these experiments, life characteristics and impedance characteristics of two NCM batteries were analyzed.


If a group G acts on a set S transitively on the right, then one can view S as G/K, where K is a subgroup of G. Thus a function on S can be considered as a function on G, invariant with respect to the right shifts by elements of K. It is especially interesting to consider bi-invariant functions on G since they can be identified with the functions on the set of G-orbits in S. If G is a locally compact group and K is its compact subgroup with Haar measures μG and μK respectively, then the set B ⊂ L1(G,μG) of all bi-invariant functions is an algebra with respect to the convolution and has a natural hypergroup structure related to generalized translation operators (see the survey [23] and the references given there):


Medeiros, J.S. Análise De Ligações com Chapa de Topo Submetidas à Flexão Oblíqua. 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, UFRGS, Porto Alegre. Flush end-plate connections between steel sections are widely used by Brazilian industry. This condition diverges from the scarce references and standards about the subject. When the corresponding loads of the six degrees of freedom in a complete framework element are considered (in accordance with current models of structural analysis), limited are the standard procedures and references regarding the design of these connections. Incompatibility between global structural analysis and connections design models, in addition to the absence of literature and discussion about the topic, tends to induce design engineers to adopt solutions of nonconsistent theoretical basis or even to discard loadings that are not predicted by the traditional design models. Aiming to understand the behavior of connections subjected to biaxial bending, this dissertation is developed in three main sections: literature review and study of analytical design methods; experimental analysis of connections under this type of loading; and numerical analysis using finite element method (with the software ANSYS), and subsequent comparison and discussion of results from each case. The numerical and experimental analysis comprises Flush end-plate connections and Extend end-plate connections (both unstiffened and stiffened), in which satisfactory results were obtained (with an acceptable level of error between numerical and experimental values and, in most cases, with identified causes). To quantify the level of error and evaluate its acceptability the following parameters were used: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root-Mean-Square Deviation (RSMD) and Root Relative Square Error (RRSE), in addition to the Maximum Absolute Error and the interrelationship between these parameters. Key-words: steel structures, bolted joints, end-plate, finite element, experimental analysis.


Three patients with Group G Streptococcal infection presenting with endocarditis and septicaemia are reported. All had underlying cardiac disease, and one had diabetes mellitus and a colonic carcinoma. Our three patients responded to intravenous crystalline penicillin.


* Eleventh (11th) Hasi Majumdar Memorial Lecture, E.T.O., University of Calcutta, February 28, 2014 ** Director, Society for Applied Studies, CF-198, Salt Lake, Sector-I, Kolkata-700 064 My friends often asked me to write my own account on the development of ORT and its global implementation. I hesitated so long partly due to my preoccupation with my ongoing work and partly my desire not to offend some of my friends competing among themselves for credit who were involved with the development of ORT. As time passed, I note considerable asymmetry on information, loss of information and distoration of information on the history of ORT development. The last one is partly due to rationalization of events by many as the time passed by. I should add, writing history of events in which I was a part, makes it difficult. In this paper, I have tried to be as objective as possible yet it should be treated as an account from my personal and professional point of view and I am responsible for omissions and inaccuracies. I start with a summary of relevant physiological studies, the relevant clinical studies on proof of concept, clinical application and randomized Clinical Trials with ORT diarrhoea and finally its application among war refugees from Bangladesh under the most difficult field condition.


Email: email@example.com Abstract: Research conducted on the advancement of CNN architecture for computer vision problems focuses on strategically choosing and modifying convolution hyperparameters (kernel, pooling, etc.). However, these research works don't exploit the advantage of employing multi fully-connected layers post the core schema to avail further performance improvements, which have been identified as the first research gap. Studies were also conducted to address the challenges of vanishing gradients in deep networks by employing residual learning via skip connections and lowering model training computational costs using parallel convolution rather than sequential convolution operations by employing inception blocks. These studies also don't discuss in detail the impact of sparing features on feature learning, which has been identified as the second research gap. Diagnosis of infectious patterns in chest X-rays using residual learning is chosen as the problem statement for this study. Results show that ResNet50 architecture achieved improved accuracy by 0.6218% and declined error rate by 2.6326% if gradually narrowing FC layers are employed between core residual learning schema and output layer. Also, independent implementation of inception blocks (google net v2) before skip-connections in ResNet50 architecture boosts accuracy by 0.961% and lowers the error rate by 4.2438%. These performance improvements were achieved without regularization and thus, encourage future work in this direction.


We assessed the ability to recognize epileptiform abnormalities on a video review of ambulatory cassette EEGs (A/EEG) by comparing two independent interpretations of an A/EEG to those derived from a routine recording and intensive monitoring by cable telemetry (CDEG) of the same 40 patients. Both ABEG readings concurred with the C/EEG interpretation as to normality or epileptiform abnormality in 77% of cases. Seventy-nine percent of focal and 100% of generalized interictal abnormalities, as well as all seizures, noted on C/EEG were detected by both A/EEG reviewers. Of patients with normal baseline EEGs, 37% showed epileptiform features on A/EEG versus 44% with C/EEG. Limits to the characterization of abnormalities by A/EEG and a protocol for the video review of A/EEG tapes are discussed. In those specific areas for which intensive surface EEG monitoring is most useful, ambulatory cassette EEG appears to be an acceptable intermediate-level alternative.


This study examined career development and early employment experiences for four young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Researchers used a multiple-method, multiple case-study longitudinal design to explore career development within the context of family systems, high school and transition programs, adult services, and early and continued experiences in the labor market. Data sources included school and rehabilitation records, job observations, and interviews with young adults, family members, high school special education personnel, employers, and adult agency staff (N = 39). During the early career years, participants maintained stable employment, but earned annual wages well under the federal poverty line. Employment opportunities seemed to be influenced by family advocacy and expectations, school-based work experiences, job development services, and work environments.


Behaviors such as exploration and homing, that seemingly demand a complex control system, only require a perceptron that connects a robot's sensors to its motors. This is shown by evolving such neurocontrollers for the Khepera robot. An exploitation of the robot's perception of the environment's geometrical shape allows the robot to encode time, even though explicitly it is not presented with the time and there are no recurrent connections in the neurocontroller. In a biological context, the robotics approach to show sufficient requirements for obtaining specific behaviors suggest that some biological experiments have to be re-done in order for the conclusions drawn from these biological experiments to be


The paper introduces a new approach to adapting network control systems to changing network conditions. The meta-controller proposed here is capable of monitoring network communication delays and seamlessly switching from control loops executing on a base station computer to control loops on a remote robot. This allows the control system to handle unexpected communication delays or failures without halting operation or becoming unstable. It also allows for a high level of human in the loop operation or monitoring at the base station without sacrificing the autonomous behavior of the remote robot. The meta-controller can automatically transition control loops between the base station and remote robot as operator confidence in system performance increases. This research develops the meta-controller framework, proposes a switching strategy, and demonstrates the concept through simulation and experimental testing.


Objective: To observe the cooperative effect and the optimal dose of oxaliplatin(L-OHP),gemcitabine(GEM) singly or combined on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2.Methods: The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 was cultured with L-OHP combined with/without GEM in certain concentration gradient.MTT was used to observe the cell growth inhibition.The character of the interaction between two drugs was estimated by coefficient of drug in interaction(CDI).Results: The effect of their combination was higher than either of them alone in inhibiting growth of HepG2(P0.01).Furthermore,the combination of these two drugs had a synergistic effect.Conclusion: The combination of L-OHP and GEM can increase the effect against hepatoceullar carcinoma and reduce their dosage and toxicity.


I present a new stylized fact from a large sample of countries for the period 2000-2006: bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) flows are almost never observed in the absence of bilateral trade flows. I document a similar pattern using bilateral foreign affiliate sales (FAS), aggregating them up from a large firm level dataset (ORBIS), which includes over 45,000 firms. I propose a model where heterogeneous firms can decide whether to serve foreign markets through export or FDI. I derive theory-based gravity-type equations for the aggregate bilateral trade and foreign affiliate sales (FAS) flows. I then suggest a two-stage estimation procedure structurally derived from the model. In the first stage, an ordered Probit model is used to retrieve consistent estimates of the terms needed to correct the flows equations for firms' heterogeneity and selection into exports and FDI. In the second stage, a maximum likelihood estimator is applied to the corrected trade and FAS equations. The main results of the analysis are as follows: 1) The impact of distance, border and regional trade agreements on the amount bilateral foreign affiliate sales becomes substantially smaller after controlling for selection and firms' heterogeneity (hence separating the impact on the extensive versus the intensive margin). 2) The same "attenuation" result is found also for the trade equations, consistently with previous literature. 3) When FAS are observed, failing to take this into account when correcting for heterogeneity and selection in the trade equations does not leads to significant differences in the estimated coefficients.


The invention discloses a driver workload based system and method for scheduling driver interface tasks. One or more measurements of the driver workload can be determined through checking of power control states of vehicles, input from drivers to vehicles and the like, and then execution of driver interface tasks can be delayed and/or stopped based on the driver workload, and therefore, the driver workload is not increased. For example, optionally, execution of driver interface tasks can be scheduled based on the driver workload, so that driver interface tasks are executed according to scheduling, and affects of execution of driver interface tasks on workloads of drivers are minimized.


Anna Karlström's article made me think of the inaugural conference of the International Association of Critical Heritage Studies held in Gothenburg in June 2012. At the conference, heritage scholars and graduate students gathered from around the world—though mainly from Britain, Australia, and Sweden— to discuss key debates in the rapidly developing, wide-ranging field of heritage. The location, the University of Gothenburg, was one of the most prominent sites for the new research field of heritage, as a platform for research and graduate education from about the mid-2000s. The conference was organized through Swedish, British, and Australian international collaboration, with participation by the International Journal of Heritage Studies. The recent careers of two of the main organizers—Laurajane Smith and Rodney Harrison—had seen them circulate between Australia and Britain, and in Smith's case, to Sweden as well. The main notion of "heritage studies" expressed at the conference was heritage constituted as a field, available to be researched by a disconnected outsider researcher, often through short bouts of fieldwork in that (usually African or Asian) society. This model of heritage studies rested on an almost complete bifurcation between the site of scholarship about heritage and the field site of heritage, seen as a set of practices or even an "industry." It was also apparent that, for most scholars and graduate students at the conference, the main scholarship and sources of research innovation in heritage occurred in Britain, Australasia, and Europe, and certainly not in Africa or Asia. Karlström's work for this article seems derived mutatis mutandis from this sociology of knowledge relations: a nexus of doctoral and postdoctoral research positions in Sweden and Australia, grounding in British and Australian heritage scholarship (Britishbased scholars are identified as theorists or as founders of concepts), and heritage fieldwork in an Asian society (Laos). Karlström's work, though, also seemingly has an added intellectual grounding in the debates on the cultural politics of archaeological research that have occurred in the setting of the World Archaeological Congress (WAC). Scholars associated with WAC, and indeed social archaeologists more broadly, have developed more reflexive and socially aware forms of archaeological practice, especially in the context of mining and land claims. They have been alert to indigenous and local community interpretations of the sites being excavated and of artifacts being unearthed, and even open to the authority of professional archaeology being questioned. It is this kind of intellectual formation that has perhaps led Karlström to pose questions about the meaning and value of popular religion, spirituality, and the sacred in Laos and its implications for the "ideology" of heritage and for heritage management, considered from the base of an Australian university and from an archaeological field site in Laos. In seeking to pose questions about "heritagization" and heritage as a preservationist discourse, Karlström draws on her fieldwork in Laos to show the everpresent connections between heritage and the sacred. While "institutionalized heritage" privileged the material for the purposes of preservation and restoration, and sought to prevent the destruction or alteration of objects and sites, Karlström shows how the demolition of the edifice of an old Buddhist temple at Vat Ou Mong in Vientiane to make way for a new temple was entirely necessary to "liberate the spirits" and maintain religious beliefs and practices.


Metropolitan areas in Germany manifest a distinct polycentric spatial structure.This paper firstly defines briefly the concept of polycentrism,and then analyzes the spatial structure of Germany metropolitan areas and their changes from the national perspective.It explains the federal policies and proposals for the development of these areas.And this paper also uses Rhine-Ruhr and Berlin-Brandenburg as examples to specify the characteristics,issues and development strategies of metropolitan areas from urban regional perspective.


Possibility of bronze protection was examined by the use of three different corrosion inhibitors. One of them is traditional benzotriazole (BTA) which is very good corrosion inhibitor but it is toxic. In this study benzotriazole was used as a control for two others environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors: 1-phenyl4-methyl-imidazole (PI) and vapor corrosion inhibitor (VpCI) which is developed from the fermentation process of sugar beats. Investigation was performed by the means of electrochemical methods (AC and DC techniques) and gravimetric measurements. The obtained results are presented on Figure 1.


Research has been performed without financial support of any grant or scientific project. The authors are grateful to the reviewers for relevant comments and recommendations on improving quality of this paper.


Dream Machine By Brion Gysin New Museum New York City July 7-October 3, 2010 In 1924 Brion Gysin moved from Alberta, Canada, to Paris, where he launched an extensive artistic career that was both geographically and materially complex. The New Museum's "Dream Machine" was the first retrospective in the United States of this innovative and influential artist. New Museum curator Laura Hoptman describes Gysin as, "a true subversive. Gay, stateless, polyglot, he had no family, no clique, no fixed profession, and, often, no fixed address." (1) Having lost his father to World War I, Gysin joined the artists of old Europe in a frantic search for new meaning that included questioning the very viability of art. The ideals of the fin-de-siecle had been shattered by an arms race that upheld the beast of humanity over its virtue. Figurative painting was gradually losing ground as the significance of metaphor began to slip away. The surrealists, whom Gysin admired early on, continued their focus on object-based work expressing facets of individual consciousness. Following World War II, Gysin's muse was the ephemeral experience that had not yet been considered significant within the practices of postwar art. His collaborations with William S. Burroughs, beginning in Tangier in 1954 and continuing in Paris and New York, paralleled the emergence of Fluxus in both Europe and New York. "Dream Machine" featured a significant display of Gysin's paintings, photographs, sculpture, filmed performances, collage, and writing--each reflecting Gysin's preoccupation with the ways in which various meanings emerge from the immediate moment. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Inspired primarily by Japanese and Moroccan script, Gysin discovered a connection between the flow of consciousness and the dynamic moving line that has coursed historically throughout Oriental calligraphy. During the late 1950s and early '60s, he created a series of untitled drawings and paintings portraying repetitive hand gestures. Hypnotic while modular, this aesthetic rendered a single feeling that was sustained by visual and aural perception. Gysin explored sound technology in combination with photo-based media so as to create a pause for thought, one that critiqued the relationship between words, action, and meaning. Moreover, by documenting himself and his own actions, Gysin examined the construct of individual agency. Gysin also created a sculpture titled Dreamachine (1960 61), consisting of a rotating metal screen spinning around a soft light. To experience this piece, viewers sit or stand near the light with their eyes closed, thus generating an independent image within the mind's eye. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] In 1959, the same year that Burroughs published Naked Lunch, Gysin developed the Cut-Up, which re-organized images and word sequences. Gysin's poem "I am that I am" (1960) was combined with a series of double-exposed self-portraits from 1961 projected on 35mm slides. …


In late February 1878, the leading newspapers of Valencia finally reported on the rising discontent among the fematers that led to a strike. The fematers were mostly boys from the countryside who emptied the city of its waste for the purpose of fertilizing their family's fields. Apparently, before news broke about the discontent, the conservative deputy mayor, Marqués de Tremolar, had stressed to his municipal police officers the need to watch the old bando de buen gobierno (decree of good government) regulating the fematers' practices in town. The order sought to activate the municipal bando, which decreed that small horses were not allowed to stand in the streets without their owners watching them. Thus the order implied the need for at least two fematers for each horse that was brought into the city, so that one of them could pick up the garbage while the other stayed near the animal. This bando concerning the safety, cleanliness and order of streets and urban public spaces was not new, but since the measure was obviously excessive considering the fematers' meagre means, it had never actually been operative. The decree accomplished something of a 'passive function' whereby urban order and civility were legally shielded, while traditional peasant practices were still respected de facto. Not surprisingly, the initiative of the mayor was soon considered a threat to the customary principles regulating the fematers' urban tasks. After the agitated Sexenio Democrático (1868–74), the political system of the Restauración (Restoration) was based on an ample bourgeois commitment to efface 'the people' from public spaces. The new constitution sanctioned in 1876 ratified the legislative bases of a fraudulent representative system that relied on restricted male suffrage and institutionalized electoral manipulation. During the following ten years of mostly conservative government, freedom of


W X THEN Timothy Cutler sat down in May i739 to write the letter to Edmund Gibson, Bishop of London, which is here published for the first time, he was in his mid-fifties and at the height of his career as minister of Christ Church, the second Anglican church to be established in Boston. Since beginning his pastorate in I723, he had gradually become one of the recognized leaders among the episcopal clergymen of eastern Massachusetts. Because Congregationalism had long been the standing order throughout New England, he and his colleagues and their congregations were in the minority and on the defensive. Cutler had brought his zeal as a convert and his wide learning to bear in a whole series of controversies in which he upheld his conception of the rights and prerogatives of the Church of England. As a native New Englander and Harvard graduate who had been a Congregational preacher for a dozen years before his conversion to High Church principles, he had an intimate knowledge of Congregational doctrines and practices of which he could make good use in his disputes with his major opponents. As a High Churchman, he deplored the policy of compromise with the standing order advocated by some liberal Anglicans. He fought hard to free episcopalians from the taxes imposed to support the Congregational system and openly favored such unpopular measures as the annulment of the Massachusetts charter and the appointment of a colonial bishop. He also helped found and did much to foster the episcopal churches at Canton, Dedham, Stoughton, Braintree, and Scituate. In New England in the early eighteenth century, the Church of England did not attract many members from the long established and more prosperous families. Except for royal officials, who were at least nominally Anglican, men distinguished for their wealth, social position, or pro-


Affinity of ligands for delta opioid receptors (DORs) is regulated by concentration of divalent cations, whereas affinity for alpha2 adrenoceptors is not. In intact NG108‐15 cells, we have demonstrated a 4‐fold increase in affinity of DOR ligands by stimulation of 5‐HT3 receptors, a ligand‐gated cation channel. However, whether this regulation of affinity translates to a regulation of function has not been determined. Accordingly, we assessed the effect of the calcium/magnesium ionphore, A23187 and the 5‐HT3 receptor agonist, 2‐methyl‐5‐HT on delta opioid receptor cell signaling. In intact NG108‐15 cells, the effect of DPDPE (0.1nM – 30 nM) or clonidine (1nM ‐ 1μM) on forskolin‐stimulated cAMP production was determined in the absence or presence of A23187 or 3μM 2‐methyl‐5‐HT. As expected, DPDPE inhibited cAMP production dose‐dependently.2M5HT (3μM) produced a biphasic shift in the concentration‐response curve for DPDPE. At low concentrations of DPDPE, 2M5HT shifted the curve 10‐fold leftward, whereas at high concentrations of DPDPE, the curve was not shifted. This effect was attenuated by the 5‐HT3 antagonist, tropisetron. In contrast, 2‐methyl‐5‐HT had no effect on inhibition of forskolin‐stimulated cAMP produced by the alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine. These results are evidence that the increase in affinity produced by cation influx translates to a functional increase in potency of agonists for delta opioid receptors. Supported by the Dept. of Pharmacology, LSUHSC.


The Yamal liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility is an integrated project located north of the arctic circle on the Yamal Peninsula in northern Russia. The project consists of three LNG trains that produce a total of 16.5 million tonnes per annum (mtpa), along with substantial infrastructure that includes extensive living accommodations, power generation utilities, an ice-free deep-water sea port, and an international airport.


280 Background: As the number of prostate cancer patients increases, the cost of treatment is becoming an urgent issue. To compare the costs between active surveillance, robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP), Brachytherapy (BT), Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), and Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT). Methods: The costs of protocol biopsies in the first year of AS performed between January 2010 and June 2020, and the treatment costs of RALP, BT, and IMRT performed between May 2019 and June 2020 at Kagawa university hospital were analyzed. The cost of ADT was assumed to be the cost of the LH-RH analog over 5 years. The inpatient treatment cost for each treatment was calculated from our DPC data, and for IMRT, the treatment cost was calculated by the outpatient cost at the time of irradiation. AS-eligible patients were defined as less than 74 years old, less than T2, less than GS6, and less than two positive cores. We estimated the total number of AS-eligible patients in Japan based on the data of the J-CAP study and the data of cancer statistics in 2017 and estimated the total treatment cost of AS-eligible patients based on the data of treatment breakdown of T1/T2 patients in the J-CAP study. In addition, we used the data from PRIAS-JAPAN to calculate the AS continuation rate, protocol biopsy acceptance rate, and the breakdown of secondary treatments. We simulated the 5-year treatment cost for AS patients using the system. Results: The median treatment costs for AS (n = 45), RALP (n = 68), BT (n = 27), and IMRT (n = 44), and ADT were US$1.24 thousand, US$ 14.6 thousand, US$14.8 thousand, US$ 12.9 thousand, and US$8.16, respectively. The number of AS-eligible patients in Japan was estimated to be 5414, and the total cost of AS, RALP, BT, IMRT, HT, and ADT over 5 years was estimated to be US$3.07 million, US$34.8 million, US$8.46 million, US$11.09 million, and US$14.05 million, respectively. If 50% and 100% of the patients in each treatment group chose AS as their first treatment, the total cost of treatment would be reduced by US$18.6 million and US$38.5 million, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of AS will contribute to reducing the cost of prostate cancer treatment.


Sonochemical degradation of methyl orange,a kind of azo dye,was carried out.The experimental results show that the initiative concentration of methyl orange,the pH value of the solution and the time of reaction have an immediate effect on the sonochemical degradation.It is also found that hydroxyl radical oxidation for methyl orange degradation is the major reaction mechanism,and moreover,-N=N-of methyl orange in water is more easily ruptured than phenyl of the methyl orange in aqueous solution.


Answers on p 350.

A 24 year old women presented with a history of increased prominence of the right eye and right sided headache of two months' duration. She had a two year history of recurrent, right sided nasal obstruction. She had undergone nasal polypectomy on two occasions previously at a local hospital. There was no history of diminution in vision, diplopia, fever, seizures, loss of consciousness, or epistaxis. She was not a diabetic, …


My thesis describes the implementation of a 8-bit 1G sample/s two-step ADC with a delay line circuit, level shifter and a transfer table, but without sample and hold circuits. This architecture is design to improve the sample rate of the traditional two-step ADC. Based on the results of simulation by HSPICE, this ADC achieves 7.35 bits ENOB at 500k Hz, DNL -0.48~+0.48 LSB and -0.6 LSB~+0.6 LSB with power supply 5V and 1GHz sampling rate. The overall power dissipation is 688.98mW and FOM is 4.13 pJ/conversion. Total active area is 0.994 x 0.854 mm2 in 1P6M 0.35μm CMOS process.


The high performance of fibrous laminated composites has resulted in use of these materials over a wide range of structures specially, in aerospace engineering. In order to take full advantage of these materials, it is often desirable to load these materials beyond their linear-elastic li mit. The in-plane shear stress-strain relationship of UD fibre-reinforced composites is a well-known example in which nonlinearity behaviour plays a dominant role while the linear-elastic regime is relatively small. The observed nonlinear behaviour may well be the result of combined effects of nonlinear elasticity, viscosity, plasticity and microscopic damage and some of these processes in the material are irreversible in nature. As a resu lt, the nonlinear behaviour is loading history dependen t. A nonlinear elastic model was formulated in [1]. The effects of loading rate on the graphiteepoxy were studied in [2]. The influence of the damage state in terms of matrix micro-cracking, fibre-matrix de-bonding and inelastic strains on th e mechanical properties of long fibrous composites was discussed in [3]. The model presented there allowed damage in the fibre direction with an elastoplastic damage behaviour for the in-plane shear. The nonlinear structural response was studi ed in [4] by one of authors, where a pseudo-plastic model was proposed to account for the nonlinear inplane shear with an isotropic hardening mechanism. Some experimental loading, unloading, reversed loading unloading from reversed loading and reloading stress-strain hysteresis curves were also presented there. Apart from this account, there do es not seem to be any experimental data available in t he literature on the unloading and reversed loading characteristics of the in-plane shear behaviour of UD composites, to the best of the authors' knowledge, although nonlinear shear is such a well recognised feature and there have not been many theoretical models available to describe such nonlinear behaviour with due consideration of unloading and reversed loading characteristics. Given the histor y dependent nature of the problem, an appropriate understanding of this cannot be fully established without the knowledge of the materials' behaviour i n unloading and reversed loading after loading into t he nonlinear regime. Systematic experiments have been conducted as reported in a separate publication, from which data on the loading, unloading and reversed loading of UD glass/epoxy composite have been generated under in-plane shear loading. A theoretical model based on the experimental observations made is presented in this paper. It is phenomenological in nature based on a number of assumptions which has been subjected to examination. Summary of the model: ♦ It predicts nonlinear in-plane shear stress-strain relationship of UD composites under loading, unloading, reverse loading, unloading from reverse loading and reloading. ♦ The nonlinear shear model encapsulates the effects of plasticity and viscosity and damage and is presented in a phenomenological manner. ♦ The model requires the following as the input data (see Fig.1): Loading curve (LC); Master unloading curve (MUC) that is obtained from the unloading and reverse loading curve starting from point A ( γA, τA) at about 80% to 90% of failure shear strain under a monotonic loading condition. A NONLINEAR IN-PLANE SHEAR MODEL FOR UD COMPOSITES S.M. Mohseni Shakib and S. Li [Li]: firstname.lastname@example.com School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineeri ng The University of Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, U K


A backlight unit and a driving method thereof are provided to make a temperature when power is applied to the backlight unit by using a heating element the same as a temperature when the backlight unit becomes in a normal state, thereby minimizing deviation of color temperature. A white light emitting diode(110) generates light. An LED module(120) has a printed circuit board driven while supporting the which white light emitting diode. A heating element(130) is connected to the LED module. The white light emitting diode is at least one. The heating element is made of a heat line or a heat plate. The heating element is integrally or separably formed with the LED module. The heating element is made of a heating line. The heating element is integrally or separably formed with the LED module. The heating line is formed in the LED module of an area not contacted with the white light emitting diode. The heating element is made of a heating plate. The heating element is separably formed with the LED module.


To master the art of endodontics requires a complete knowledge of morphology, principles of debridement and obturation. The failures in endodontic treatment has long been intriguing the dental surgeon because of insufficient knowledge of the morphology of root canal system. One of the highest failure rates have been reported in mandibular first premolar. The purpose of this study was to conduct a detailed investigation of root canal morphology of mandibular first premolar using different methods i.e. radiographs, sections and making the teeth transparent. The shape of the root canal system, type of canal configuration, levels at which multiple canals furcate and other variations were studied in detail so as to achieve maximum success rate in the endodontic treatment of this tooth.


Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm capitalized on the most viable resources of the unruly woman during her 2002 campaign: direct language, action-oriented responses, public dissemination of policy plans, and strategic use of visibility. The result complicated the beauty queen narrative that framed her campaign. This study underscores the potency of the beauty queen narrative in our political culture and ways to confront it; Granholm's case has explanatory power for others seeking to empower women public officials.


La 0.65 Sr 0.3 MnO 3- δ -YSZ cathodes are infiltrated with Sm 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3- δ (SSC) at 800 o C using a precipitation method. The effect of SSC infiltration has been characterized for symmetric cells and single cells at reduced temperatures. With SSC addition the cathode polarization resistance, determined from symmetric-cell measurements, significantly decreases: from ~19.8 to 8.5 Ω ·cm 2 at 600 o C, and from 7.7 to 3.3 Ω ·cm 2 at 650 o C. Consequently, the single-cell performance with 97%H 2 +3%H 2 O fuel is dramatically improved, which may be attributed to the superior electrocatalytic activity of SSC in the cathodes.


A load loss, and / or closing and sealing of a fluid circuit, internal cartridge (3a), (3b), (3c), (3d), (3e) or (3f) and movable tube (5) .The object of the invention device can create a loss of variable singular load on a pipe but also allows, optionally, to close and seal the pipe which may be of large diameter, high pressure and high temperature.En effect, the invention enables, by the movement of a mobile tube (5), to close off more or less of the passage openings (6a) or (6b) of the fluid transported in the pipe. This movable tube (5) can optionally create a sealing autoclave on a closing seat (4) at the stroke end. The torque necessary for operating the device is very low throughout the course.Le assembly and maintenance are simplified by the use of a removable cartridge (3a), (3b), (3c), (3d), (3e) or (3f) immersed in the fluid containing substantially all of the organs necessary for the operation of dispositif.Il works on all types of fluids.


Inspired by superhydrophobic biological surfaces in nature, hierarchically non-wetting surfaces have attracted extensive attention in both academia and industry. The present work aims to discuss the relationship between the robustness of superhydrophobic Ti6Al4V surface and micro/nanostructure features. Herein, we fabricated three types of superhydrophobic surfaces (nanostructure, microstructure, and micro-nano structure) on Ti6Al4V substrate, and all of these resultant surfaces were endowed with the superhydrophobicity and showed a large apparent contact angle (>150°) and low liquid adhesion roll-off angle (<10°). Nanostructures and microstructures were fabricated by hydrothermal and laser ablation, respectively. Micro-nanostructures were fabricated using a hybrid method consisting of laser ablation and hydrothermal treatment. Subsequently, the surface morphology, surface chemical composition, and wetting property were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and contact angle measurement, respectively. Furthermore, we studied the robustness of three types of superhydrophobic Ti6Al4V surfaces, which proved that micro-nanostructures surfaces possessed both good thermal durability and excellent mechanical stability.


Background & objectives: The tool used to collect data should have validity in the first stage and reliability in the second stage. The aim of this study was to design a tool for program management of middle-aged people in health centers in 2019. Methods: This study was a descriptive-applied research. The research tool was a researchermade questionnaire from a comparative study and interview. The validity of tool was examined by surveying 14 experts in the field of health services management, health education, general practitioner and nursing using Lawshi method. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by selecting 30 experts in middle-aged people program and using the test-retest method with time interval of two weeks. For data analysis, the SPSS software version 20 was used. Results: In the validity stage, based on the opinions of 14 experts, out of 87 questions, 1 question with a content validity ratio of 0.45 and a content validity index of 0.73 was removed from the questionnaire questions and the rest of the questions were approved in terms of content. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained in two stages (the first stage was 0.85 and the second stage was 0.95) and the correlation coefficient was 0.99 for the whole questionnaire. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the component of public participation and the component of executive management had the highest and lowest correlation in the management of health services for middle-aged people, so policymakers and health care planners can use it to improve the quality of health services for middle-aged people.


The concept of the person is widely assumed to be indispensable for making a rights claim. But a survey of the concept's appearance in legal discourse reveals that the concept is stretched to the breaking point. Personhood stands at the center of debates as diverse as the legal status of embryos and animals to the rights and responsibilities of corporations and nations. This Note argues that personhood is a cluster concept with distinct components: the biological concept of the human being, the notion of a rational agent, and unity of consciousness. Use of these component concepts (in lieu of the concept of the person) in legal reasoning would promote greater systematicity and coherence.


In this study, the effect of fluid fingering on the solid remodeling of a granular material during the drainage phenomenon is investigated. A new biaxial apparatus, endowed with two transparent windows and adapted to unsaturated soils, is used to capture the effects of hydraulic instabilities on the mechanical response, by means of high-resolution cameras. A specimen of (40 × 50 × 11) mm3, of Fontainebleau sand NE 34 initially saturated by water, is connected to a pressure-controlled gas source to inject the gas into the sample. During the injection phase, fluid instabilities are detected and filmed. Using imaging techniques, the grain remodeling and strain localization due to the two-phase fluid flow are measured.


In order to study the variation laws of stress and displacement during bedding drilling construction,the FLAC3Dnumerical model is set up.According to the numerical simulation results and drilling ambient stress distribution theory,the variation law of stress and displacement is analyzed.And the industrial test of drilling peep is constructed in eighth coal mine of Pingdingshan Coal Mine Group.Results shows that during the bedding drilling construction,the coal stress possesses following 4 states in turn of origin,peak,drop,remains,and the increasing speed of displacement turned from small to big and small.After drilling,there are pressure relief area,stress concentration area and original stress area around drilling.The closer to the drilling centerline,the bigger displacement it is,at the same time,the displacement of upper coal is bigger than the lower one.


In this letter, we propose a novel algorithm to predict MPEG‐coded real‐time variable bit rate (VBR) video traffic. From the frame size measurement, the algorithm extracts the statistical property of video traffic and utilizes it for the prediction of the next frame for I‐, P‐, and B‐ frames. The simulation results conducted with real‐world MPEG‐4 VBR video traces show that the proposed algorithm is capable of providing more accurate prediction than those in the research literature.


This study presents the various aspects of population growth, composition, distribution and the three major demographic variablesfertility, mortality and migration in respect of Sind province of Pakistan. Although the focus of this study is on Sind, some demographic characteristics of other provinces are also touched upon, mainly for comparative purposes. This study is mainly based on the data produced by population censuses conducted in 1951, 1961, 1972 and 1981 and the 1976-79 Population Growth Survey. It is shown in Chapter Two that, during the period of 80 years (1901-1981), there was an approximately six fold increase in the population of Sind. The acceleration in the growth of population started after partition. Chapter Three provides background for the population projections in Chapter Four. The Total Fertility Rate of Sind is shown to be the lowest amongst the provinces. The expectation of life at birth is virtually the same in respect of Sind and the whole of Pakistan. Since the inception of Pakistan, the net inter-provincial migration to Sind has been much greater than to any other province. The results of population projections of Sind suggest that, 35 years from 1981, the population of Sind would be 2.7, 2.4 and 2.1 times the 1981 population under the high, medium and low variants respectively. The growth of population with largely uncontrolled fertility would nullify the socio-economic development of Sind. Hence the reduction in fertility on a substantial scale in the minimum possible time is highly emphasized.


Four parents were used to develop new isolates of shiitake mushroom through mycelial anastomosis. Total six combinations were made through dual culture technique. Out of these maximum frequency of anastomosis (80-100%) was observed in four combinations like Le 4/03 × Le 7/04, Le 4/03 × LeOE 9, LeOE 9 × LeOE 142 and LeOE 9 × Le 7/04 and remaining two were below 80 per cent. Mycelial growth of most of the parent strains and new isolates were fluffy white with circular colony growth and zonation at periphery except LeOE 142, LeOE 9 × LeOE 142 and LeOE 142 × Le 7/04 where appressed milky mycelial appearances with circular growth, faintly zonate and uneven margins were found. Pigmentation was positive in all the strains and isolates. The isolate LeOE 142 × Le 7/04 took 49 days to complete spawn run which is highest in all the strains and isolates tried but rest of the five new isolates were found to complete early spawn run. Over all, average time taken in fruit body harvest from the day of spawning was found less in newly developed isolates over the parent strains. In yield trials, three isolates viz. LeOE 9 × Le 7/04, LeOE 9 × LeOE 142 and Le 4/03 × LeOE 9 recorded 25 per cent increase yield. Remaining new isolates yielded below average of the parent strains. Number of fruit bodies was not affected but there was increase in individual fruit body weight.


A variety of generic and instrument and data speciic spec-troscopy reduction packages are available in the NOAO suite of packages in IRAF. The instrument speciic packages contain specialized routines written as IRAF command language scripts using complex and generic image processing and spectroscopy programs. The reduction routines connect all the reduction operations needed to fully reduce spectral data from particular instruments and customize their parameters. The package organization and the capabilities of the specialized reduction packages is presented.


A new class of molybdenum alkylidenes has been prepared where the alkylidene is tethered to an imido ancillary ligand. The amine required for the synthesis is accessible in 38% yield in five steps from 1,3-diisopropylbenzene. The amine is then installed to generate the tethered alkylidene bis(triflate) complex, which was structurally characterized as its DME adduct. The triflates are replaced by hexafluoro-tert-butoxide groups using the thallium salt of the alkoxide, and the bis(alkoxide) was characterized as its quinuclidine adduct. For comparison, an alkylidene bis(alkoxide) was prepared without the tether and having a formula similar to that of the tethered system. The structures from X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy of the two complexes with and without the tether but with similar formulas are compared. The tether has the apparent effect, judging from JCH couplings in the alkylidene and angles in the solid-state structure, of reducing the strength of the α-agostic interaction. Four complexes wer...


Methods of the teaching-learning binomial in surgery has undergone major transformations in the last decade, moving from purely informational content models of environments that stim-ulate theoretical "know-how" by incorporating skills and competencies. There has been a paradigm shift in the training of surgical residents from the traditional ''apprenticeship'' model to a hybrid one, involving simulation training. This shift has been in response to several current challenges in residency training, including time constraints, patient safety concerns, financial costs, and decreasing durations of training programs. 1 During the past several years, major shifts in surgical education have brought into question whether surgical residency programs could truly ensure competency and technical proficiency in these surgeons. 2 Simulation is an increasingly vital component of graduate medical education and becoming the standard of practice in many residency programs, particularly in surgical specialties, owing to the need for moving basic skill acquisition out of operating rooms into surgical skill laboratories. Deliberate practice is an educational technique that aims to improve performance through intense training and preparation. These steps include repetition, assessment, and feedback, which lead to performance improvement. 3


This rapporteur paper summarizes the 127 contributions on solar and heliospheric physics (i.e. the SH sessions) presented during the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference in Nagoya. Presented works covered a range of topics concerning updates on methods and instruments allowing cosmic rays measurements. Progress done in the modeling of modulation, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays within the heliosphere was discussed. During the oral presentations and posters variety of topics were discussed. Among them there were deliberated such topics as changeability observed in the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) flux on the ground, i.e. GCR diurnal anisotropy, Forbush decreases, mid-and long-term GCR periodicities. Solar energetic particles (SEP) and ground level enhancements (GLEs) observational and modeling results were presented. Calculation of radiation dose for airplane passengers and crew, as well as astronaut, were reported. Moreover, historical reconstructions were discussed.


The discovery of heavy organic anions by in situ measurements using Cassini’s CAPS Electron Spectrometer (ELS) in Titan’s ionosphere was an unexpected result of the Cassini mission (Coates et al, 2007, Waite et al, 2007); a complete reconsideration of chemical processes in this enigmatic atmosphere was necessary as a result. These negative ions can be associated with complex hydrocarbon and nitrile processes which are linked to haze formation at lower altitudes. Cassini’s CAPS ELS observed negative ions during Titan encounters at altitudes below 1400 km. The ions can reach masses over 13,000 amu/q (Coates et al., 2009), while recurring peaks in the mass spectra can be used to identify different mass groups as reported by Coates et al. (2007) and Wellbrock et al. (2013, 2019). Studying density and mass trends of these groups helps to identify controlling factors of the production and destruction mechanisms, and ultimately to improve our understanding of how organic macromolecules can be produced by naturally occurring abiotic processes. In this study we examine the effects different solar zenith angle conditions might have on both the light and heavy negative ion mass groups, and consider the role of processes such as photodetachment and dissociative electron attachment. We also compare the negative ion data with RPWS electron measurements and discuss the possible implications associated with the above processes.


Contents: Drilling & completion records Rotary drilling rig Cable tool drilling rig Crank counterbalanced bean pumping unit Geological time scale Giant oil & gas fields Mineral properties Sandstone limestone classifications Carbonate porosity Common geological map & log symbols Drill stem test symbols Flow sheet symbols Land subdivisions (U.S.) Geological features (U.S. & Canada) Unit conversion factors Atomic weights & numbers Greek alphabet.


The meat quality is determined by features such as marbling, flavor, tenderness and composition, among others. These qualities are regulated at different levels, and one of them is genetics. Nowadays, many of the metabolic pathways that regulate these features are known, and several genes that encode important factors within these pathways have been suggested as "candidate genes". The PPARG, CEBPA, FABP4, LIPE and RXRA genes are part of the routes of adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. The objective of this project was to characterize the genetic variation in these genes in cattle breeds with different meat quality. The data were obtained by molecular techniques (Polymerase chain reaction, re-sequencing) applied to DNA samples obtained from animals of different breeds raised around the world. A series of analyzes by bioinformatics software and Web tools was then performed. Some of the detected polymorphisms and other SNPs available in internet databases were selected to perform validation studies in a local population and statistical association analyses with meat quality traits. The obtained results evidenced that PPARG and CEBPA had moderate variability, and FABP4 and LIPE had high variability. Some of the polymorphisms analyzed suggested an association to the lipid composition of meat and other traits, such as backfat thickness. Some possible biological explanations for these associations were analyzed with different bioinformatics tools, and interesting phenomena were observed. Knowledge of the variability in these genes is important to complement the traditional breeding methods and improve the quality of livestock.


7. Nar8ton reseqte, cii, (. 4in.) fqr, sarcomv of meentry. Death flive months afterwards ftioen perforapiod dud to Murph's button. 8. Billroth: F1emald, 5 years $IXml' (4, in.)'sffiall i testine, on aic'ount of fixation by the extirpation of ' fibroina size of,child's head. De&th from collapse. 9. Troje: I5 Cm. (46 in.), female, 25 years, for four ring-like tuberculous strictures. Result, 'fistula. lO. Etliot (Annals of Surgery, January, 1895) resected 124 om. (4 ft. i in.) in a man aged'25, for inforetion due to thrombosis of the superior mesenteric veins. Patient, was in good health two years after. Il. RouX (SemaitiaeMedicate, 2892) resected 224 cm. (4 ft. i in.) of intestines for a lipoma. Recovdry. 1. I2. 4brg-Boenfnghau8est and Koc4, 125 cm. (4 ft. x in.) flexure. Death from alreay existing peritonitis on the same day. Iz.DoV., 125 cm. (4 tt. I in.) ileum; death on day of operation from :alfdy existing peritonitis. 14'. Obalinski: 126 cm. (4 ft. 2 in.), ileum, for gangrene. Death in twenty-four hours. s. Studsgatld: I28 cm. (4ft. 3 in.) jejunum for invagination. Death five days after from ptritonitis. 16. Sbhlange: zs' em. (4 Jt. 6 in.) ileum, gangrene. Recovery without disturbance. 27. Braun: '37 cm. (4ft. 7 in.); Small intestine, on account of circumscribed peritonitis. The woman recovered in the beginning, but soon the appetite began to fail and the wasting continued to increase e aedema of the lower extremities set in, and four months after the operation death took place. Post-mortem report: shrinking of kidney, but otherwise nothing abnormal. I8. Kosiflki: x4l cm. (4 ft. 9 in.) ileum, gangrene from hernia death from collapse. 19. Holler : X2 years old boy, zso cm. (5 ft.) ileum, cecum, and colon for invagitAition; for 7 days normal, then rise of temperature and pulse rate, vomiting. diarrhcea, death. Cause of death, according to Professor Ziegler's view, filling of the intestine with air and fluid. 20. Kocher: i6o cm. (5 ft. 4 -in.) ileum, gangrene. Recovery without disturbance. 2I. Budberg-Boeninghausen and Koch: 175 cm. (5 ft. zo in.) ileum oecum with appendix and ascending colon: artificial anus formed; closed 2' months after operation. Recovery without disturbance. 22. Wul1stein: zy5 cm. (5 ft. Io in.) ileum for strangulation, recovery without disturbance. 23. Schwalbach: I83 cm. (6 ft. x in.) ileum, recovery. 24. Hinterstofs8er: I86 cm. (6 ft. 2 in.) ileum and part of jejunum for in'earceration, recovery without disturbance. 25. SchIatter resected 192 cm. (6 ft. 4 in.) of ileum for gangrene due to the intestine protruded through an abdomiiial wound being grasped tightly'by the skin. Recovery from the operation was uneventful savefor an attack of urticaria which appeared on the fifth day, disappearing on the tenth. This was probably owing to the interference with the assimilatory area due to the operation. His weight increased in the second month 'after the operation from 240 tO I65 pounds. He was then (two months after the operation) feeling perfectlywell there being no tendency to diarrhoea. An examination of his ingesta and ejecta for ten consecutive days showed, however, that his appetite was abnormally great, that whereas the amount of undigested albuminou§ material in the faeces was slightly above the normal percentage, the amount of fat similarly lost was very much more than normal. The subsequent history showed that the man was not fit for heavy work, and that he required much more nutritious food than the working people of his own class doing their full work. Other food caused abdominal pains. 26. Koeberld: 205 cm. (6 ft. 20 in.) small intestine for four strictures, artificial anus closed after six weeks., Recovery without disturbance. 27. Kocher: 208 cm. (6 ft. ii in.) for tearing of stnall intestine. Recovery, but subject to diarrhea if not very careful of diet. 28. Dreesmann: 225 cm. (7 ft. 2 in.) ileum for gangrene. Recovery, but slight diarrhbea. 29. Shepherd: Man, aged 28 234 cm. (7 ft. 9 in.) ileum. After operation thin stools, but increased 40 lbs. Po. Hayes resected 255 cm. (8 ft. 4 in.) ileum for laceration of mesentery with crush of intestine in a boy, aged Io. During recovery there was a great tendency to diarrho'a which lasted for eight weeks. At a later period a tendency to diarrhoea recurred. There was also occasional vomiting, and the patient suffered from chorea. 32. Fantino: In a woman, aged 6o, 310 cm. (lo ft. 4 in.) ileum, for gangrene from incarceration, healing by first intention. The further study of the nutrition in the intestinal canal showed that the same was not complete. Substances introduced appeared rapidly in the stools which were also frequent and rich in nitrogen, fats and water. Nevertheless, in the beginning increase of weight, also after a year no wasting since the loss was compensated for by increase of nutritive materials. 32. Ruggi : Boy, aged 8, 330 cm. (II ft.) small intestine for circumscribed peritonitis. Recovery and good health one year after. 33. Obalinski: 365 cm. (22 ft. 2 in.) practically the whole. Death in 22 hours. In analysing these cases we find that death quickly followed the operation in 9 cases. Three survived the operation for .about four months. As regards the site of intestine removed in the 21 cases which recovered in two it consisted partly of colon, so that it is not to be wondered at that ill-effects were absent in these subsequent to the operation. In one ileum with a portion of jejunum (how much is not stated) was removed, the total amount lbeing x86 cm. In this case no illresults followed. In the remaining cases it is, as a rule expressly stated that it was ileum which was removed, so that, generally speaking, in analysing these results we should remember that it is resections of the ileun with which we are-


This paper first elaborated the purpose of accelerating the greening process, improving the landscape effect, and improving the ecological environment for transplanting large trees to cities. Then, it introduced main problems: destroying the ecological environment of the producing area, damaging the entire ecosystem, increasing the cost of social greening, and seriously wasting forest resources. It analyzed the reasons for these problems, including the imperfect laws and regulations, blind and not scientific transplanting, and eagerness for quick success. Finally, it came up with recommendations including improving policies and regulations, reinforcing technical specifications, and first pseudo planting then field planting, and setting up the overall point of view.


Abstract: Online teaching based on computer and network technology has become a vital teaching mode under the current situation of the overwhelming COVID-19 epidemic. Teachers and students who fully understand and master basic knowledge and skills of various information technologies in online learning can stimulate students' interest in learning information technology and train their ability in information collection, processing, and use. Given the lack of face-to-face communication and deep emotional exchange, online teaching has poor performance in improving the creative thinking ability of learners. During online teaching, teachers train the innovation consciousness quality of students in online courses successfully and improve the creative thinking ability of learners by using "asking," "thinking," "doing," and "evaluation," that is, the ATDE teaching mode. In this study, a teaching experiment was carried out on 41 undergraduates admitted in 2018 who majored in civil engineering at Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Henan Province, China. Students were divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group adopted the ATDE teaching mode for the course Design of concrete structure, while the control group applied the traditional teaching mode. A questionnaire survey of students' creative thinking ability was conducted for both groups. Results showed that university students' creative, emotional attitude under the ATDE teaching mode was far higher than that under the traditional (F=6.490, p=0.015). The creative thinking performance of university students under the ATDE teaching mode was higher than that under the traditional teaching mode (F=7.468, p=0.009). The Pearson correlation coefficient between creative, emotional attitude and creative thinking performance was 0.985 in the late test stage, which was higher than in the early test stage (0.480), which reveals that the ATDE teaching mode was conducive to improving abstract course learning effect of students majoring in civil engineering. Research conclusions can provide some references to investigate the feasibility of ATDE teaching mode in universities and offer a new choice and feasible path to train students' creative thinking ability.


Herein describes a novel polypeptide and a preparation method and uses. The polypeptide comprising a crosslinked ( "hydrocarbon ring hook") portion of the tether to provide a limit polypeptide secondary structure between the two amino acid moieties. Polypeptide described herein can be used in the treatment of excessive or inappropriate cell death in diseases characterized.


The invention belongs to the technical field of displayers, and provides an electrowetting displayer and a manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the electrowetting displayer. The problems that due to the fact that in the prior art, filling in the manufacturing process of the electrowetting displayer is carried out in an electrolyte solution environment, the operation is difficult, and the process is complex are solved. The manufacturing method of the electrowetting displayer comprises the following steps that a lower substrate is provided; liquid ink is filled into the lower substrate; freezing treatment is carried out, and the ink is solidified; the lower substrate through the freezing treatment is immersed in electrolyte solutions, and the ink is kept in a solidification state; unfreezing is carried out, and the temperature of the electrolyte solutions is increased to melt the ink; an upper substrate and the lower substrate are spliced through a packing rubber frame. According to the manufacturing method of the electrowetting displayer, the liquid ink is filled into a pixel grid of the lower substrate and is frozen in air to be in the solid state, the operation is simple, the filling speed of the ink is improved, and mass production is facilitated.


This article presents and discusses results of empirical research conducted during 2 school semesters at primary school in Poland. This study, using a qualitative approach, aims at the tracing of the process of the implementation of tablets and robots to the didactic design at primary school, the tracing of progressive changes in the area of teaching and learning practices. The results show the dominating technological schemes developed by teachers: a) technologies function in a "closed" form – they are used for displaying ready content and structures to be identified or memorised and b) technologies are used by teacher as "open structures" constituting a collection of various tools subordinated to the intentions of the child as an active creator.


This validation study examined the Triple E Rubric for Lesson Design as a measurement tool to test the effectiveness of a lesson when using technology to support learning goals. This study also measured the content and concurrent validity as well as reliability of the Triple E Rubric developed by Liz Kolb.


The aerodynamic effects of the application of Gurney flaps of different heights and chordwise locations to five airfoils have been investigated in the Pennsylvania State University low-speed, low-turbulence wind tunnel. The effectiveness of each Gurney flap/airfoil combination is measured by the change in the maximum lift coefficient of the airfoil. When grouped by flap height and plotted against chordwise location, there is considerable scatter in the data, indicating that the effectiveness of the Gurney flap is strongly influenced by airfoil shape. Two anomalous cases are considered in detail. In the first case, the increase in cl,max is considerably different for two airfoils with the addition of a Gurney flap having the same height and mounted at the same chordwise location. The second case is one in which a Gurney flap of a specific height and mounting location is found to increase cl,max on one airfoil and decrease it on another. For these cases, pressure distributions, lift curves, and drag polars ...