According to estimates, thousands of products that are potentially hazardous to human health and environmental homeostasis 2 (medicines, cleaning products, pesticides, cosmetics, and other chemical and biological agents) are now on the market, and that dozens more enter the market every year. Based on an analysis of documents and the pertinent legislation, the current study aims to discuss the importance of Brazil's Centers for Toxicological Information and Assistance (CIATs) for minimizing the harm to health and the environment caused by such products. The incidence of intoxications and poisonings in Brazil and the precarious approach to this issue in the country's university curricula highlight the need to expand and systematize the work of the CIATs. Timely access to information on intoxication and poisoning is crucial for establishing efficacious and effective strategies for epidemiological and health surveillance. Taking as its reference the organizational dimensions of the CIATs in relation to a formally organized NETWORK, the study highlights the importance of the public sector as the entity responsible for evaluating post-marketing risk of approved products containing chemical and biological substances and their possible adverse effects on the population and the environment. The data currently recorded in the National Toxicological and Pharmacological Data System (SINITOX) and the National System for Reportable Diseases (SINAN) do not cover all the cases of intoxications in Brazil, either because the data collected by the CIATs are not necessarily reported or are insufficient, or because the reporting is not effectively enforced. To minimize harm to health and environmental assets due to underreporting, the National Network for Toxicological Information and Assistance (RENACIAT) has emerged as a proposal for consolidating the CIATs through a more comprehensive information and documentation system in Toxicology and Pharmacology with a nationwide scope, capable of supporting public health authorities and professionals and the general population with timely and comprehensive toxicological data.


Forestalis , 48 (127), e3334. https://doi.org/10.18671/scifor.v48n127.12 Abstract Tactical and operational planning are steps that guide the sequence of operations and as they are implemented, impact on the final cost of the wood. Thus, the aim of this study was to carry out the optimized production planning of forest harvesting operations regarding the wood supply for pulpwood production, in order to minimize cutting and transportation costs, through Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). Pinus spp. stand data of a pulp company located in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil, were used. The forest area consists of 3,714.68 hectares divided into 74 management blocks based on place and age characteristics. The approach to solve this planning was based on the test of three scenarios to minimize costs by applying different constraints: Scenario A) volume balance; Scenario B) maximum scheduling distance between blocks; and Scenario C) volume balance and maximum scheduling distance between blocks. After processing the scenarios, the Spanning tree algorithm was used to define the timber production routes between the blocks and the factory. The scenario A resulted in lower operational cost; however, it presented 49% (142 km) more road network than Scenario C. In contrast, Scenario B presented greater economic risk than the other scenarios, since it presented discontinuous production along the planning horizon. In conclusion, Scenario C was the best cost and risk reduction alternative. This result highlights the importance of properly structuring a management problem, since areas related to the planned activity may present a significant share of the final costs, which can influence


This article proposes to reexamine Bourdieu's relationship with Marxism, and more particularly with Althusserian Marxism. It is suggested that Althusser may have functioned as a foil for Bourdieu, especially in view of the similarities between the Althusserian theory of ideological power and Bourdieu's theory of symbolic power. The theory of the state is probably the most appropriate ground on which to compare the two thinkers. The recent publication of Bourdieu's lectures on the state allows one to see how in his own historical sociology he elaborated a theory of the state that was a response to Marxism: by responding to the Marxist critique of Hegel, Bourdieu seeks to show that, since the dominant invoke the universal in order to legitimize their domination, they can only ever be partially successful in doing so. Bourdieu ends up by conceding to Marxism that the universal makes significant progress only in terms of the self-interested understanding of the universal proper to the dominant.


Non-derivatized gibberellin glucosyl conjugates were analysed by capillary reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Positive as well as negative ion mass spectra were obtained by frit fast atom bombardment. The spectra were found to provide useful information for the identification and structural elucidation of the glucosyl conjugates.


A 3×4 (chromium and L-carnitine) experiment was designed to investigate the single and interactive effects of adding yeast Cr and L-carnitine to corn-soybean meal diets on lipid metabolism of broiler chickens. Four hundred and eighty one-day-old avian chickens were randomly allocated to 12 treatments of 40 each for 7 weeks. Levels of adding Cr were 0, 400, 600 µg/kg and those of L- carnitine was 0, 30, 50, 100 mg/kg, respectively. The result showed that adding 600 µg/kg Cr or 100 mg/kg L-carnitine alone had better regulative effects on fat and cholesterol metabolism than lower adding levels. Effects were more significant at the end of the experiment. There were significantly interactive effects between Cr and L-carnitine on triaclyglycerol, whole cholesterol, HDL, dissociating FFA, and blood glucose, cholesterol and triaclyglycerol of liver, and cholesterol of chest muscle at the end of experiment (p=0.0001-0.0315). But Cr or L-carnitine had no significant effect on growth performance of broiler chickens (p>0.05). (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol 16, No. 12 : 1809-1815)


The widespread use of digital multimedia in applications, such as security, surveillance, and the semantic web, has made the automated characterization of human activity necessary. In this work, a method for the characterization of multiple human activities based on statistical processing of the video data is presented. First the active pixels of the video are detected, resulting in a binary mask called the Activity Area. Sequential change detection is then applied to the data examined in order to detect at which time instants there are changes in the activity taking place. This leads to the separation of the video sequence into segments with different activities. The change times are examined for periodicity or repetitiveness in the human actions. The Activity Areas and their temporal weighted versions, the Activity History Areas, for the extracted subsequences are used for activity recognition. Experiments with a wide range of indoors and outdoors videos of various human motions, including challenging videos with dynamic backgrounds, demonstrate the proposed system's good performance.


The identification of prognostic factors for multiple myeloma is important. This article focuses on the prognostic value of 1q21 gain in a Chinese population according to different treatment regimens and accompanying high‐risk factors.


The nested variant of urothelial carcinoma (NVUC) is a rare form of bladder cancer with a reported prevalence of 0.3%. It is even more rare in the renal pelvis and the ureter. NVUC is characterized by a bland morphology but an aggressive clinical behavior. We report a case of an 87-year-old lady with a history of colon …


............................................................................................................. III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................V PUBLICATIONS BASED ON THIS THESIS ...................................................... VI LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................X LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.................................................................................XII CHAPTER ONE..........................................................................................................1 OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS.................................................................................1 1.


On 30 June 2017, the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia program (now Department of Pacific Affairs) at the Australian National University hosted the Team Leaders' Workshop in Port Vila for ni-Vanuatu participating in Australia's Seasonal Worker Programme (SWP) and New Zealand's Recognised Seasonal Employer Scheme (RSE). This was the first time that team leaders from both programs,1 agents, employers, the Vanuatu Employment Service Unit (ESU), and representatives from the Australian and New Zealand High Commissions had come together for this purpose. The workshop provided an opportunity for the various groups to understand the opportunities, challenges, and expectations of team leaders, and for leaders themselves to share their experiences. It also explored support and training options for existing and future team leaders. The key themes raised by all groups attending the workshop were: the importance of protecting Vanuatu's place in the schemes; the need to recognise the role of team leaders, addressing employers' expectations, identifying and training upcoming leaders; and issues regarding the consumption of alcohol.2 As noted in a previous In Brief, team leaders are often not rewarded, and their roles are often misunderstood by various stakeholders or not even discussed or negotiated at all (Bailey 2017). The workshop gave an opportunity for all groups to voice their concerns; this In Brief highlights those concerns and the suggested ways to address them.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Molecular alterations in neurotrophic tyrosine kinase (NTRK) genes have been identified in several solid tumors including lung cancer. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggested their potential role as oncogenic drivers and predictive biomarkers for targeted inhibition, leading to the clinical development of a new class of compounds blocking the NTRK molecular pathway, which are currently undner early clinical investigation. Area covered: This review describes the biology of the NTRK pathway and its molecular alterations in lung cancer. It focuses on the pre-clinical and clinical development of emerging NTRK inhibitors, which have shown very promising activity in early phase I studies. Expert opinion: Among the several NTRK-inhibitors, entrectinib and LOXO-101 are those in more advanced stage of clinical development. Both agents have shown encouraging activity along with a tolerable safety profile in patients with different solid tumors harboring NTRK-fusions, emerging as new promising therapeutic options for molecularly selected patients with advanced Trk-driven lung cancers. Results from ongoing phase II basket trials are eagerly awaited.


3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLPRO) is found in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV)-2, and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS-2) in humans, both of them have a role in viral attachment and proliferation. 3CLPRO and TMPRSS-2 are the most vital target for the discovery of an anti-corona virus. One efficient approach used to screen potential active compounds against specific target proteins, such as 3CLPRO and TMPRSS-2, is molecular docking. Cepharanthine (CEP) exhibits antiviral activity in SARS-CoV at 9.5 µg/mL IC50 level. This study aims to perform an in silico study on CEP against non-structural SARS-CoV-2 3CLPRO and host transmembrane protease serine 2 protein. Molecular docking studies were carried out using compounds against 3CLPRO and TMPRSS-2 proteins through Swiss model, Uniport, PROCHECK, Swiss PDB viewer, PyMol, and PyRx computerized software. CEP displayed strong binding interactions -8.5 and -7.4 Kcal/mol with the 3CLPRO, and TMPRSS-2 proteins. In all cases, CEP showed better binding affinities than FDA-approved anti-corona virus drug (Camostat mesylate, CAM) is currently underused in COVID-19. CEP may be one of the potentials leads to fighting against SARS-CoV-2. Further in vivo studies should be required to support the findings of this study.


The paper begins with personal memories of Porteous from the author and another New College alumnus. It then goes on to explore the notion of the meaning of Old Testament texts and the role of the reader (particularly the 'ordinary reader') in the process of understanding them. This takes in readings from the perspectives of feminism, liberation theology and postcolonialism; reception history and the 'afterlife' of texts; and a discussion of the criteria by which an interpretation of a text may be considered 'correct' or 'incorrect', and indeed if this is possible at all. A bibliography on this topic is appended.


In this paper we consider the possibility of determining the mechanical moment to an accuracy of 0,5-3 % through the development and use of optimal algorithms of energy transformation in electric drives, which is possible with a usage of an analog-digital and computer technology.


Emergence in Physics The concept of emergence in philosophical discussions is closely connected with the notions of antireductionism, unpredictability, and novelty. In many cases these latter concepts are explicated in mereological terms. Very crudely, something is emergent when it (the whole) is greater than the sum of its parts. Alternatively, the behavior of the emergent whole does not reduce to some function of the behavior of its components. Or, the behavior of the emergent whole is unpredictable given knowledge of the nature of its parts. Or, finally, the behavior of the emergent whole is completely different, new, and unexpected, given knowledge of the nature of its parts. In addition, there is often, again in philososphical contexts, a demand that the emergent feature is not explainable, by a theory of the nature of its parts. Most philosophical discussions focus on the notion of emergence in the context of the mind/body problem, broadly construed: How can the mental, with all of its unique attributes, possibly obtain in a world in which the basic fundamental features are characterized by physical theory. This problem of emergence is intimately connected with the position called nonreductive physicalism. On the other hand, there have been discussions of emergence (though not necessarily using that term) in the "modern" physics literature at least since the time of the development of kinetic theory and statistical mechanics. [8] Most, though not all, discussions of emergence in physics focus on the question of how the macroworld of our experience can arise out of the behavior of the microconstituents of everyday objects of our experience. Thus, most discussions of emergence in the physics literature as well can be seen as focusing on mereological part/whole questions. However, there are, arguably, non-mereological emergent features of the world, so that one might question the necessity of part/whole relations in a complete characterization of emergence. This entry will examine very briefly a number of examples that may naturally be considered to be emergent phenomena in physics. Section 1 begins with early attempts to relate the amazingly successful science of thermodynamics (a phenomenological theory that does not address the ultimate constitution of the systems it describes) to theories such as kinetic theory


Abstract : Experimental and theoretical studies were made for the validation of theoretical automatic checkout techniques. After a discussion of the state of art, detailed validation studies are described for three specific fault isolation techniques: the UNIVAC Key Element Search, the RCA-Test Point Algorithm Technique, and the University of Pennsylvania Statistical Estimation Fault Isolation Procedure. The extent to which such techniques can be applied to practical electronic circuits is determined; it is indicated that the procedure embodying estimation of component parameter values has most potential value as a general purpose fault isolation technique. Thorough discussions are presented of the experimental equipment designed and assembled, the FORTRAN programs written for the IBM-7094, and the PLACE programs written for the Bendix AN/GJQ-9 as required in the detailed validation studies. Additional contributions are presented concerning fault isolation of control systems as well as a variety of electronic systems with suggestions as to future Air Force efforts in the automatic checkout field. (Author)


This paper persents charge/ discharge system for small PV using micro-processor. Charge/discharge system designs a Buck converter and using constant voltage charge system because regular voltage is rather high a condenser. Besides, we did compensate for charge voltage of condenser through a temperature compensation circuit. We consists of a 170W stand-alone PV system to observe charge/discharge system character. In the result of search about output character we know that charge and discharge are smoothly running.


In this paper, we develop data-driven method for the diagnosis of damage in mechanical structures using an array of distributed sensors. The proposed approach relies on comparing intrinsic geometry of data sets corresponding to the undamage and damage state of the system. We use spectral diffusion map approach for identifying the intrinsic geometry of the data set. In particular, time series data from distributed sensors is used for the construction of diffusion map. The low dimensional embedding of the data set corresponding to different damage level is done using singular value decomposition of the diffusion map to identify the intrinsic geometry. We construct appropriate metric in diffusion space to compare the different data set corresponding to different damage cases. The application of this approach is demonstrated for damage diagnosis of wind turbine blades. Our simulation results show that the proposed diffusion map-based metric is not only able to distinguish the damage from undamage system state, but can also determine the extent and the location of the damage.


We use the spatial power spectrum for a statistical study of HI in the SMC in order to probe the intrinsic topology of the ISM. A remarkable power-law fit to the spatial power spectrum was found, supporting an alternative ISM model having a fractal nature resulting from interstellar turbulence.


Nuclear Energy is today providing 1/3 of the electricity in the EU: 150 Nuclear Power Plants generate 130 GWe. The EU has a recognised leadership in nuclear technology with competencies in all aspects of the fuel cycle. Nevertheless there are major challenges: - Energy-related and technical challenges: security of supply, environmental protection and waste issues, competitiveness, and non-proliferation issues. - The politcal challenge, which affects Europe in particular with differences of opinion between Member States on this sensitive issue. - The ageing of the nuclear expertise, especially acute in Europe, but also has a global dimension. There are a number of EU strategic initiatives in the area of technology/R&D, linking policy and financing instruments, that are helping to address the technical challenges above: - The Euratom Research and Training Programme - The Commission's Energy Package of 10 January 2007, endorsed by Council a few months later, sets the well known 2020 3x20 targets, and announces the associated Strategic Energy Technology Plan - SET Plan. - A key Commission-promoted initiative, the Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNE-TP). - The Commission is also now fostering the International Cooperation dimension of the Euratom Framework Programme, in synergy with other specific cooperation instruments.


The ANSI FORTRAN standards committee X3J3 has adopted a "core + modules" approach to specifying the next revision of the standard. The motivation for and the projected benefits of this approach are discussed. In 1978 January, ANSI X3,3 voted to adopt a framework consisting of a "core" and "modules" for developing the next revision of the ANSI Fortran standard. Of course, this is a decision which could be reversed if the approach appears to be unsuitable or technically unsound after some experimentation. However, the approval of this procedure is an indication that the committee wants to invest considerable effort in an attempt to make this approach work. There are at least three reasons for adopting the "core + modules" approach: 1) to provide a mechanism to interface with collateral standards and implementations in major applications areas 2) to provide a mechanism for having optional functional areas described within the standard 3) to specify a smaller, more elegant, language than Fortran 77 without decreasing the status of Fortran 77 as a standard language. Each of these reasons is now discussed in more detail. One of the major concerns of X3J3 is the de velopment of collateral standards in areas such as data base management, real time process control, and graphics. X3J3 does not have the resources to do the technical development of standards in all of these areas; in some cases X3J3 may not even be involved directly in the approval of such a standard, Therefore, it is important that X3J3 provide a scheme whereby collateral standards in these applications areas can be regarded as modules in the language that are "attached" to the core of the language in a standard way. The only mechanism considered so far for interfacing with these modules is through the CALL statement, extended to allow the arguments to be identified by key words. This topic is covered in more detail in another paper and is an area that can use more good ideas, because it is a very difficult and important problem. A second kind of extension might be called a "language feature module." This sort of module would include a collection of related language features that might not be appropriate to include in the core, but which should have its form spec ified so that all extensions to the core in this area will be the same. Example candidates for such modules are array processing, a bit data type, and specification of numerical precision. Fortran 77 should be considered to be such a module. It may be quite inappropriate to add some of these language features to Fortran 77. For example, it would be rather messy to add a bit data type or REAL*ll (indicating at least 11 digits of precision) on top of the Fortran 77 equivalencing mechanism. For these reasons it is important to design a core that is sufficiently trim that new language features can be added in a natural way. Since Fortran 77 will be one of the modules, the core need not be constrained to contain all archaic features of Fortran. One of the design objectives is to eliminate those features Ce.g., the arithmetic IF statement) that are no longer necessary, due to the addition of better equivalent features or those features (e.g., storage asso ciation) that actually stand in the way of adding features recognized as contributing to high quality programming practices. To provide just one example illustrating how the storage association concept impedes the addition of useful features, consider the possibility of a conditional array assignment. REAL A(90), B(90), C(90), D(90) A(*) = 0 B(-) = 0 WHERE (A(*) .LT. 2) DO


The parametric motor has many excellent features compared with ordinary single-phase motors, and is expected to have many practical applications. In this paper, methods of motor design to make such motors more practical are discussed. In particular, the relationship between the motor characteristics and the several dimensions of stators and rotors are investigated. We discovered a method for designing the stator and rotor dimensions which yields the optimum ratio of flux in the stator for parametric oscillation to flux for motor operation.


There is provided a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, which can be compatible with excellent magnetic properties and coating properties, and is composed of the new manufacturing process. This manufacturing method is: in the manufacture of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the secondary recrystallization and the forsterite coating step generating step for separation into a respective first batch annealing secondary recrystallization and the forsterite coating in order batch annealing the second film formed in this secondary intermediate annealing interposed continuous batch annealing.


The viol has become increasingly popular in recent years as an instrument for the amateur with an interest in early music. With this rise in popularity has grown the need for a tutor which gives detailed advice on playing technique and which is aware of the specific requirements of the adult beginner. Play the Viol, written to meet exactly this need, is the first comprehensive guide to appear in modern times and covers the treble, tenor, and bass viol. Its detailed technical instruction is based on original sources and on Alison Crum's extensive experience of performing and teaching. The book assumes no knowledge beyond an ability to read music, but aims to help players to reach an advanced standard, even without regular access to a teacher. Each point is fully illustrated with photographs, diagrams, and carefully graded musical exercises. The book surveys the viol repertoire, discussing the many different styles of music. It highlights problems likely to be encountered and shows how they can be overcome. Advice is given on practising, improvising, consort-playing, and performing. A unique feature of the book is the inclusion of practical information on choosing and caring for viols and bows, and a wide-ranging list of published music for viol.


Regional energy is an energy system solution designed to solve such issues as regional warm, heat, cooling and power supply and satisfy intra-regional energy demands. With the advancement of power marketization reform, newly added transaction subjects will gradually participate in such links as investment, construction and operation of integrated energy system. Considering the exchange relationship of energy, capital and service flows between various interests subjects of integrated energy system, the paper classifies the operation modes of regional integrated energy system according to the combination relationship between power generation, distribution and sales businesses, and also supplies case analysis according to actual demands.


Abstract : Viscostiy (-40 degrees to +100C) and thermal conductivity at 40C were determined for initial and dewaxed narrow boiling fractions (300-472) of the title petroleum. Dewaxing lowered the temperature at which anomalous viscosity sets in and gave steeper viscosity temperature slopes. The thermal conductivity increased with the boiling point; dewaxing lowered thermal conductivity. (Author)


We describe a data-driven method for inferring the camera viewpoints given multiple images of an arbitrary object. This task is a core component of classic geometric pipelines such as SfM and SLAM, and also serves as a vital pre-processing requirement for contemporary neural approaches (e.g. NeRF) to object reconstruction and view synthesis. In contrast to existing correspondence-driven methods that do not perform well given sparse views, we propose a top-down prediction based approach for estimating camera viewpoints. Our key technical insight is the use of an energy-based formulation for representing distributions over relative camera rotations, thus allowing us to explicitly represent multiple camera modes arising from object symmetries or views. Leveraging these relative predictions, we jointly estimate a consistent set of camera rotations from multiple images. We show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art SfM and SLAM methods given sparse images on both seen and unseen categories. Further, our probabilistic approach significantly outperforms directly regressing relative poses, suggesting that modeling multimodality is important for coherent joint reconstruction. We demonstrate that our system can be a stepping stone toward in-the-wild reconstruction from multi-view datasets. The project page with code and videos can be found at https://jasonyzhang.com/relpose.


TO provide an automatic lubrication device for a chuck of a crankshaft miller, whereby a chuck can be reliably lubricated with grease without a lubrication period being missed, and whereby wiping of excess grease can be prevented from being forgotten. A crankshaft miller (1) for cutting, through use of a rotary cutter (7), a work piece (2) held in a chuck (3), wherein are provided: a grease supplying device (25) for receiving a lubrication command signal outputted from a lubrication command signal output unit (35), a rotary cutter replacement command signal from a rotary cutter replacement command signal output unit (33) being a trigger signal therefor, and supplying grease to a sliding unit inside the chuck (3), which includes a chuck body (3a) and a chuck pawl (3b) sliding unit; and reporting means (30a, 30b) for receiving a reporting command signal outputted from a reporting command signal output unit (36), the rotary cutter replacement command signal from the rotary cutter replacement command signal output unit (33) being a trigger signal therefor, and reporting that there is a need to replace the rotary cutter (7).


In the complex and unpredictable environment of the XXI century, in advanced and emerging economies it is becoming increasingly important for investors to adopt new techniques that allows for the most accurate assessment of net present value (NPV) of an investment project through a risk premium or risk adjustment. The existing methods of risk assessment do not always meet the modern requirements of investors due to various limitations and shortcomings. Therefore, the article provides a new technique that allows to assess the NPV taking into account not only the negative but also the positive impact of environmental factors. Drawing on this technique, the authors propose to evaluate the influence of environmental factors using the triad of STEP-, SNW- and SWOT-analysis based on heuristic and expert technologies. It is proposed to check the agreement of the results of evaluation through the Chi-square criterion. The methodology further uses these estimates to calculate the risk premium and adjust the risk to determine the NPV.


We tend to think of conflict as bad and compromise as good. But how should we view conflict that exposes potential threats to the environment and health? And what about a compromise between litigants that may adversely affect the interests of third parties or undermine public health? There can be few places in the country where this issue has become more pressing than in my home state, Pennsylvania. The hydraulic fracturing of natural gas in the Marcellus Shale has transformed lives and landscapes here, mainly in rural communities with low-income populations. The Hallowich family is a case in point.


Different automatic procedures to estimate induction machines parameters, known as self-commissioning, can be found in literature. They usually involve supplying a single phase or two series-connected phases. An ideal machine should present the same behavior at all terminals, while in an actual machine non-idealities alter the response to the signals. Some techniques to state machine condition during self-commission procedures based on the parameter values discrepancies or on the response to particular signals injected have been proposed. This paper investigates the effect of the different asymmetries on the usual self-commissioning procedures and the further possibilities given by the machine supply through the digitally controlled inverter. It is shown that, even at standstill, it is possible to detect and state the severity of some fault conditions of the machine. In particular a specific supply voltage signal is proposed that, through the machine response, outlines the machine rotor conditions.


To explore the noise generated by bridges during operational period, the equivalent continuous sound pressure levels of 12 bridges in the city of Ningbo were measured and analyzed. The measured data show that (1) Although the measured sound levels of these bridges meet the requirement of Chinese codes, they are near the maximum limit and the vibration and noise reduction is necessary; (2) A-weighted sound level of bridge is close to that of the road nearby; (3) Z-weighted sound level of bridge is much greater than that of the road nearby, it indicates that the bridge noise contains much low frequency noise, so that A-weighted sound level can't reflect the noise of bridge accurately, and Z-weighted sound level shall be used to evaluate the acoustic environment near bridges.


We describe the design concepts and performance of a commercially available 10 Gbit/s/spl times/4 ch WDM system applied for an installed fiber submarine system originally designed for single wavelength channel transmission.


Objective:To study the dynamic effects of cold restraint stress on HSP70 expression in kidney and serum corticosteroid content in rats,and explore its possible mechanism.Methods:Seventy-seven 50-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups,namely 0 h,0.5 h,1.0 h,1.5 h,2.0 h,2.5 h and 3.0 h group.At corresponding restraint stress time,the expression of HSP70 in kidney tissues were tested by means of immunohistochemistry and the level of CORT in serum was also examined.Results:The level of CORT reached its peak in 1.5 h group,but there was no significant difference in other groups.Under the light microscope,the expressions of HSP70 in the nuclei of renal glomerular capillary endothelial cells,in the nuclei and cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells could be observed.The HSP70 expression in kidney increased continuously first,then it was kept in a high level at stress time of 1.5 h,2.0 h and 2.5 h(P0.01),and since then it declined gradually(P0.05).Conclusion:Suitable cold restraint stress can induce the synthetic of HSP70,and it increased with stress time.While excessive cold restraint stress may decreased or block the expressions of HSP70 in kidney.


Background. The study was carried out in the shallow, eutrophic OÊwin Lake, in the area of the Seven Islands ornithological reserve (north-eastern Poland) to determine the infection of fish with digeneans maturing in piscivorous birds. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the occurrence of Posthodiplostomum cuticola in fishes from two parts of the reservoir differing in environmental conditions. The effect of fish size and season of sampling on the infection level was analysed. Material and methods. Within 1998 and 1999, a total of 1091 fishes of 8 species dominating in the lake were examined. Samples were collected four times a year (in May, July, August, and October) simultaneously from the two examined parts of the lake. Results. Metacercariae of P. cuticola occurred with high prevalence and intensity of infection in roach, rudd, white bream, and carp bream, and sporadically in crucian carp and European perch. The intensity of infection of fish from the western part of the lake was significantly higher compared with the eastern part; roach from the western pool were much more infected than in the other reservoirs of north Poland. The infection of roach, white bream and carp bream increased with total body length (TL), such a relationship was not reported for rudd. The infection of roach, white bream and carp bream varied significantly in different experimental periods while differences in the infection of rudd in samples were incidental. Conclusion. Location-dependent occurrence of P. cuticola in fishes indicates that interchange between fish groups from the eastern and western pool of OÊwin Lake is


No two manuscript copies of the Greek New Testament agree in all particulars. Readers and users of the Gospels in a particular ancient Christian community accepted the version of those books, which happened to be in their personal copy. Similarly, the users of the Gospel text of P45, the Chester Beatty Papyrus I (PCBI), are unlikely to have indulged themselves with a comparison of their manuscript with any differing wording remembered from another manuscript. Much deliberate alteration took place in effect to assimilate parallel texts, the commonly recognised harmonising of Gospel parallels especially to conform Mark and Luke to the wording in Matthew being the most frequent. Readers familiar with the Gospels can identify some places where PCBI supports a reading differing from another text; at other times readers may see a form of words hitherto unknown from other Gospel manuscripts. The chapter concentrates on the distinctive readings of PCBI.Keywords: Gospel text; Greek New Testament; Luke; Mark; Matthew; Papyrus; PCBI; singular readings


Two defect lines separated by a distance δ look from much larger distances like a single defect. In the critical theory, when all scales are large compared to the cutoff scale, this fusion of defect lines is universal. We calculate the universal fusion rule in the critical 2D Ising model and show that it is given by the Verlinde algebra of primary fields, combined with group multiplication in O(1,1)/Z2. Fusion is in general singular and requires the subtraction of a divergent Casimir energy.


To survey statistically the bacteriological methods used in the culture of the cerebro-spinal fluid in Italian hospitals, we sent a questionnaire nearly 400 laboratories in various regional, provincial and zonal hospitals. We received 36 replies, which, although not numerous, have furnished the data for present paper.


Given the importance of psychological reactance in social and educational interactions and its influence on language learning/teaching, the present study intended to investigate the relationship among stroke, psychological reactance, and teacher success. To this end, a total number of 300 Iranian English learners from different English language institutes filled out a newly developed scale on psychological reactance along with stroke and teacher success scales. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was exerted to both develop and validate the new scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was, then, employed to examine the possible relationships. Results revealed that stroke was a positive predictor of teacher success. Moreover, a negative relationship was found between psychological reactance and teacher success. Findings are discussed and suggestions are provided to pay more attention to the role of psychological reactance in English language teaching/learning.


Objective: To observe clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture treatment for simple obesity. Moreover, the thesis discussed the mechanism of curing the only obesity and provided the therapeutics foundation for the clinic. Results and conclution: After the two course, the treatment results showed that acupuncture can markedly improv the curative effect on simple obesity, the total effective rate was 96 % .


Colour and texture are the most difficult quality aspects of Kimchi to maintain during storage. Therefore, this study investigated how to maintain superior quality Kimchi during fermentation without changes in color and texture. By examining differences between samples covered with vinyl(A group) and not covered with vinyl(B group) and assessing pH, total acidity, total viable cell count, total lactic acid bacteria cell count and sensory characteristics. The results are indicated that pH, total acidity, total viable cell and total lactic acid bacteria were similar between group A and B. Group A showed higher sensory score for colour, taste, texture and acceptability than group B(p


The value of twist is an essential yarn property for a spinner. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of changes in the yarn twist value on yarn tension and the stability of yarn formation conditions, including the balloon shape, while using a ring-spinning machine. In order to carry out this analysis, a computer program was used, which was designed on the basis of a mathematical model developed by the author of the dynamics of the twisting-andwinding unit. The results of numerical calculations are presented in the form of charts.


Today Education through ICT is one of the approaches that are currently regarded as an essential means of learning, The Learning Management Systems LMS provide an exchange of information and sharing of services between them to support e-learning such a way that these systems are subjected to a process of standardization and interoperability. This article speculates on a multi-criteria analysis of LMS interoperability, the most relevant in use today. We first define the interoperability standards for e-learning systems and a brief description of four LMS is provided each having eight attributes are considered and resolved using a multi-criteria analysis by applying the Complex Proportional Assessment Method (COPRAS).


Sensitive skin manifests itself as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations such as stinging, burning, and pruritus. Though not life‐threatening, it can negatively impact the quality of people's lives because of symptoms and clinical signs. Although some skin care products can alleviate symptoms of sensitive skin, a product that can improve multiple abnormalities of sensitive skin are largely unavailable.


Let $P$ and $P'$ be projective spaces having the same dimension $n$ assumed to be finite. Let $\Delta$ and $\Delta'$ be buildings of type $A_n$. We consider mappings of chambers of $\Delta$ into chambers of $\Delta'$ which send appartments to appartments. It is shown that shuch mappings are induced by strong embeddings of $P$ into $P'$ or into the dual space $P^{'*}$.


: The paper focus is the detection of Kerberoasting attack in Active Directory environment. The purpose of the attack is to extract service accounts' passwords without need for any special user access rights or privilege escalation, which makes it suitable for initial phases of network compromise and further pivot for more interesting accounts. The main goal of the paper is to discuss the monitoring possibilities, setting up detection rules built on top of native Active Directory auditing capabilities, including possible ways to minimize false positive alerts.


A sound wave has two components as periodic and non-periodic whose ratio is known as harmonic to noise ratio (HNR). HNR is an important parameter to analyze the voice. It also measures the degree of hoarseness. The measure of this parameter can be done with the help of Praat software. This paper compares the HNR of a closed organ pipe at first resonance and second resonance. HNR has varied from 10.95 dB to 27.87 dB at the first resonance and 7.3 dB to 23.87 dB at the second resonance. The average values at first and second resonance are 15.69 dB and 11.99 dB respectively. From the observation table and graph, it was found that HNR is greater at first resonance than second resonance for closed organ pipe.


In view of body welding jig design characteristics and regularity of body welding jig, expounds the knowledge representation and acquisition, to summarize in detail based on the type of fixture scheme, construction of a stepped plan for intelligent CAD knowledge base.


The advanced landscape design studio for post-graduate students of Landscape Architecture is the culmination of ideas from a number of design studios at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT). The Design Through Debate studio was designed to precipitate innovations by exploring a series of propositions, through abstract forms of representation and using the processes of debating. For the students, it provides an opportunity to strengthen the design-theory nexus through the exploration of cultural theory and production, thus enriching the design process and their eventual landscape architectural practices. This requires a conceptual shift in order to expand the tools of ideational development and representation, so that new ways of seeing are generated. The method employed to induce this shift is based on Schon's Reflective Practitioner techniques of reflection-in- and -on-action.


A 59 year-old woman fell accidentally, and sustained bruising to her shoulder and left cheek two years before presenting at our pain clinic. She suffered from episodes of intermittent, sharp pain of the left cheek for three months after the accident, and this was then augmented by a continuous dull pain seven months after the accident. The usual diagnostic cranial examinations revealed no anatomically abnormal findings. As medication with antidepressants did not effectively attenuate the pain, she was referred to our clinic. We suspected that she was suffering from neuropathic pain secondary to her trauma, and we treated her with diode laser low reactive-level laser therapy (LLLT) using a GaAlAs 830 nm continuous wave system with an output power of 150 mW. Because the therapy was not effective, trigger point injection of an anesthetic (bupivacaine) was applied, which suceessfully attenuated the sharp pain, Subsequent combined treatment of conventional stellate ganglion block and antidepressant medication (desipramine) gave her a warm sensation on the pain region following LLLT. Three months after her admission, the intractable pain was successfully attenuated by the combination of diode LLLT and stellate ganglion block. As neuropathic pain is related to various mechanisms of neurotransmission and neuromodulation, a combination of treatment methods is recommended for successful attenuation of this type of intractable and difficult to treat pain.


The school choice problem concerns the design and implementation of matching mechanisms that produce school assignments for students within a given public school district. In this note we define a simple student-optimal criterion that is not met by any previously employed mechanism in the school choice literature. We then use this criterion to adapt a well-known combinatorial optimization technique (Hungarian algorithm) to the school choice problem.


The embodiment of the invention provides a medical suturing instrument. The medical suturing instrument comprises a tail fin, a lead screw, a limiting column and a guide pin, wherein the lead screw is provided with a groove and a motion stop position; an elastic component is arranged in the groove; one end of the limiting column is connected with the groove through the elastic component; the guide pin is fixedly arranged on the tail fin, and is clamped in a locking gap formed by the limiting column and the motion stop position after sliding over the limiting column. The medical suturing instrument according to the embodiment of the invention guarantees the consistency of a closing gap each time; a doctor can choose suturing instruments of different closing gaps as required; the closing gaps of the suturing instruments of the same type are consistent, so that a doctor does not need to adjust the closing gap; the closing gap locking device has voice and handfeel prompt, and reverse rotation can also be prevented during locking, so that the success rate of operation is improved.


The genus Staurastrum Meyen includes more recoreded species and subspecific taxa than any of the desmids except Cosmarium. Because of the great morphological variations exhibited by radiate semicells, workers proposed subdivisions of Staurastrum to form either separate genera, or subgenera, This genus has been assigned to two divisions, with sections in each, based on the elongated processes at angles of semicells, the morphology of semicell, the sculpture of cell wall and the shape of sinums. Sequence data for the large subunit of RUBISCO(rbcL) were employed to compare with taxa of two divisions, with sections in each, for evaluating the taxonomic stability of these morphological characters, Parsimory analysis of the rbcL data, with all positions and changes weighted equally, was consistant with two divisions of this genus, but not with sections. Therefore, it isbelieved that the feature of the elongated processes at angles of semicells was a character reflecting the phylogenetic relationships in genus Staurastrum. The morphology of semicell, the sculpture of cell wall and the shape of sinus, which devided each division to sections, are not appropriate characters to be used in section system.


We report a case of psoriasis vulgaris in which chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) developed during adalimumab treatment. A 42-year-old Japanese man with a history of juvenile-onset psoriasis, who had been treated with topical vitamin D analogues and corticosteroids for a long time, as well as oral cyclosporine for the last one and a half years, was administered adalimumab with a regular dose (initial dose of 80 mg, followed by 40 mg, twice a week). Seven months later, due [...]


By the complex treatments simulating 4.52 kJ m-2 d-1 UV-BBE of ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280~320 nm) and 700 μmol mol-1 CO2 concentration, the responses of UV-B absorbing compounds,protective enzyme system and antioxidant in broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the UV-B absorbing compounds increased both under the single or complex stress of enhanced UV-B irradiation and doubling CO2, and reached highest under the complex stress. The activities of superoxide dismatase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and phenlalanine amino lyase (PAL) exposed to enhanced UV-B irradiation were lower than those of the control, while higher under the stress of doubling CO2 and the complex stress. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased under the stress of enhanced UV-B irradiation, while decreased under the stress of doubling CO2, and showed no difference between the control and the complex stress. The content of ascorbic acid (AsA) decreased under the stress of enhanced UV-B irradiation, while increased under the stress of doubling CO2, as well as under the complex stress. The results indicated that doubling CO2 could improve the protective capacity against the stress of enhanced UV-B irradiation, and the protective enzyme system (SOD, POD and CAT), antioxidant (AsA) and UV-B absorbing compounds of broad bean were the intrinsic basis for this protective capacity. Fig 1, Ref 24


Many people who use multimedia and who decide how and if to have a multimedia program made are not technology experts. These professionals need to know what multimedia is and why, how and when to use it to solve real world challenges. This work explains in accessible terms the technology and production of multimedia and details its most effective uses in today's organizations. The work includes decision-making tools and checklists, and enables readers to assess their own needs and determine appropriate productions for different situations.


Political modernity is a negotiated reality, which requires adaptation, innovation. The representations or perceptions of young Beninese constitute variables of recognition of political modernity, even of the modernity of political figures or elites. These are criteria for the recognition and validation of political leadership. How do young Beninese build their criteria of political modernity? In addition, how do they state their perceptions of the modernity of elites or political figures in Benin? Essentially qualitative and based on comprehensive interviews carried out in Benin from a survey integrating about thirty (30) people, this research appropriates the dynamics of interpretative sociology and adopts the model of analysis based on the social construction of reality, with an opening on interactionism and strategic analysis. By postulating that the perceptions of young people on political modernity structure the relationships between their expectations and the behavior of elites or political figures in society, this work has made it possible to elucidate the social representations which guide the modernity of political elites in Benin. It revealed the over-intellectualization of the political arena, the pervasiveness of the bó or gris-gris, the emergence of a new relationship to way of life, to technology, then the modernization of public action and marginalization of the opposition.


Governance and governmentality are among the most popular new ideas in the political sciences, most notably in the fields of social and political theory, public administration, politics and sociology. As ever, debates within disciplines rarely transcend disciplinary boundaries but this volume gathers contributors from all these fields to discuss the transition to governance in both theory and practice. It seeks not only to identify, describe and evaluate the contribution of each discipline but also to bring them together by examining their respective contributions to polity, politics and policies. The book is comparative, drawing on authors and research in Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands and the US. It adopts an anti-foundational approach to deconstruct the essentialist discourses endemic to each discipline and the disciplinary traditions of each country. Notions such as steering and control in public administration, identities and domination in sociology, and the community and the self in social and political theory are analysed in depth. The text demonstrates clearly how the distinctive traditions of each discipline lead them to construct overlapping but distinct ideas about the institutions, politics and policies of governance. This title should be of particular benefit to advanced undergraduate and graduate students of politics, especially political theory.


This paper surveys the current research status of two rock fragmentation technologies,namely,mechanical broken rock,and non-mechanical broken rock.Their respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed.The development trend of the rock breaking research is prospected.


Environmental reconstruction of rocks of the Richmond slice, the tectonically highest slice at the eastern end of the Hamburg klippe in Pennsylvania, indicates that these rocks were deposited on a northwest-facing passive continental margin in Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician time. Detailed sedimentologic studies suggest that they can be divided into four main lithologic types, each bearing the imprint of one or more processes involved in its deposition. These include: (1) thin to thick-bedded, massive to graded, parallel and cross-laminated grainstone or calcarenite (high density turbidity currents; fluidized flows); (2) thin to medium-bedded, massive to structureless, graded and cross-laminated black lime mudstone and wackestone rhythmically interbedded with very thin o thin-bedded black limy mudstone and shale (low density turbidity currents and suspension); (3) thinly laminated graphitic black shale interlayered with irregular (lag) concentrations of fine sand and silt (redistribution of sediment by bottom currents); and (4) very thick-bedded, sand-matrix carbonate-clast conglomerate (gravelly high density turbidity currents and cohesive debris flows). The proposed depositional processes form a continuum of mechanisms that were in operation in the slope environment. Regional stratigraphic studies suggest that the carbonate rocks of the Richmond slice were deposited on a depositional margin or ramp characterized by a gentle slope (1 to 2°) that decreased in gradient basinward. Only the lower slope portion of the continental margin has been preserved. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1171------------


In model-based development, verification techniques can be used to check whether an abstract model satisfies a set of properties. Ideally, implementation code generated from these models can also be verified against similar properties. However, the distance between the property specification languages and the implementation makes verifying such generated code difficult. Optimizations and renamings can blur the correspondence between the two, further increasing the difficulty of specifying verification properties on the generated code. This paper describes methods for specifying verification properties on abstract models that are then checked on implementation level code. These properties are translated by an extended code generator into implementation code and special annotations that are used by a software model checker.


BackgroundOffice seating includes a variety of chair styles. There is limited research investigating their effects on spinal angles.Purpose of StudyInvestigate effects of active (Swopper and Vari-Kneeler), and static (Saddle and a Standard Office) chairs on lumbo-pelvic and cervical regions.MethodsExperimental same subject design (n = 14) using healthy subjects conducting a typing task sitting on the four chair types. Analysis was via digital photographs analysed within MatLab. The chair position was self selected for comfort and the work-station standardised. A repeated measures ANOVA (with Bonferroni corrections) was conducted.ResultsResults are ranked most to least with standard deviations. Paired symbols indicate statistical significance (p<0.05)ConclusionHigh standard deviations are attributable to the self selected seating position resulting in a variety of positions being adopted. The Vari-Kneeler chair produced the "best" posture for the lumbo-pelvic region; the Vari-Kneeler and office chairs were...


Background: Trazodone is an atypical antidepressant with further therapeutic effects on anxiety and sleep disorders. Objective: To review the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of trazodone in order to better understand the potential of adverse events related to drug interactions. Methods: Electronic search of Medline and High Wire Press databases using the keywords: "trazodone", "adverse drug reaction", and "drug interaction". Additional references were obtained from pharmacology textbooks. Results: A comprehensive data set on the pharmacological profile of trazodone was obtained. Conclusion: Trazodone is being increasedly prescribed no only to depressive and sleep disorders, but also in certain sexual dysfunctions. The risk of adverse events due to drug interactions is acceptable and manageable, rendering trazodone a useful tool in the treatment of psychiatric and related disorders.


In diesel engines, the start of combustion (SOC) is an important engine control indicator due to its effects on to engine noise, emission, and engine performance. The SOC is calculated as a location of one percent of total heat release which can be calculated using cylinder pressure. However the calculation of heat release requires a large amount of cylinder pressure data and enormous computation time. In this study, we proposed a simplified SOC estimation algorithm using an initial heat release (IHR). The IHR is modified heat release equation which eliminates negligible terms of the heat release equation at the start phase of combustion. The IHR has the similar tendency near the combustion start range. Especially the location of two percent of the IHR has a high linear correlation with the SOC under various engine operating conditions, such as varying the fuel rail pressure, injection timing, injection quantity, boost pressure, and EGR rate. We defined the location of two percent of IHR as IHR2. Furthermore, the proposed method reduces 55% of computational load and 50% of required number of cylinder pressure data compared to one percent of heat release detection method.


Several thio-D-xylose and D-ribose esters of dialkylarsinous acids have been synthesized. The crystal structure of 1-S-dimethylarsino-β-D-xylopyranose, 7a, has been obtained. Growth inhibition studies of about 60 strains of human cancer cells have been obtained in vitro for compounds 6a, 7a, 13, and 14. The results reveal that these compounds display a strong inhibition to subpanels of leukemia cells in vitro and high selectivity in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:199–206, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20388


The management in laboral risk prevention (PLR) and the occupational health (OH) represents and increasing trend in the dynamics of the company of the private and the public sector in Latin America and Caribbean. The preservation in levels of security and health of the workers has turned into a variable that has influence on the performance of the organizations and their social responsibility. The assertive management of these relations can be reached if it is planned, executed and controlled by managerial personnel by a solid technical, managerial formation orientated to the innovation. In this sense, in Venezuela there is developing an experience of training directed managerial personnel in this area, which is offered by the University of Alcala of Spain, through a new model of Post Grad studies with own degrees. The principal aim of the model is to shape a community of the knowledge, which is capable of investigating, developing and innovating. At present, there have begun six Post Grade's programs in which there interact teachers, researchers, managers and professionals of the branch many Spanish and Latin Americans.


For dynamic responses of highway bridges to moving vehicles, most of studies focused on single-factor analysis or multifactor analysis based on full factorial design. The defect of the former one is that it has no consideration of interaction effects, while that of the latter one is that it has large calculation. To avoid these defects, simplified theoretical derivations are presented at first; then some numerical simulations based on the proposed method of the orthogonal experimental design in batches have been done by our own program VBCVA. According to simplified theoretical derivations, three factors (κ, γ, and α) are proved as the most important factors to determine dynamic responses. Based on the modal synthesis method, the program VBCVA has been introduced in detail. Then on the basis of the orthogonal experimental design, both main effects and interaction effects are studied. The results show that, for different indices of dynamic responses, the influences of each factor are not the same. Additionally, the interaction effects have proved to be so small that they can be neglected. In the end, this method provides a good way to obtain more rational empirical formulas of the DLA and other dynamic responses, which may be adopted in the revision of codes for design and evaluation.


Objective To investigate the health of the welding workers and their occupational health behaviour,so as to explore the protective measuresMethods An investigation was made on the health of the welding workers and the managerial workers in a welding corporation.At the same time the occupational health behaviour was also observed.Results Abnormal cornea and abnormal lens,chronic conjunctivitis,chronic rhinitis,chronic infective-pharynx,abnormal electrocardiogram,abnormal chest film and hearing loss were more serious than those found in the control group.There was significant difference between the two groups(χ2=32.88,24.07,8.20,21.12,7.23,4.52,58.87,P0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.01,0.05,0.01 respectively).The welding workers had certain knowledge about occupational injury and occupational protection.Conclusion Health education and comprehensive measures should be promoted in the welding corporation.More synthetical control measures are very important,as occupational health controlling,occupational health teaching,et.


Brand's four reasons for clinical tests and his analysis of the characteristics of valid biomechanical tests to be used in or thopaedics are taken as a basis for determinant what methodologies are needed for gait analysis during a clinical rehabilitation context.


[1] We present a compilation of singular shear wave splitting measurements in the Italian region. We used the method of Silver and Chan [1991] to determine the splitting parameters of fast direction and delay time from broadband SKS waveforms. The stations analyzed were mainly deployed in temporary experiments; a few are permanent MedNet broadband stations. The splitting parameters reveal the presence of strong seismic anisotropy in the mantle beneath Italy. The fast polarization directions define two anisotropic domains: a Tyrrhenian domain with E-W prevalent fast directions and an Apennines-Adriatic domain with NW-SE to NNW-SSE prevalent fast directions. The stations along the boundary between these two main domains show fast polarization directions that vary for earthquakes coming from different back azimuths. This variability is a sign of a complex upper mantle structure (also shown by seismic tomography) but allows us to constrain the depth of the anisotropic layer in the 100–250 km range, at least in the boundary zone between the two domains. Data at station VSL (Sardinia) suggest the presence of depth-dependent anisotropic structure, where the shallower signature is consistent with the Tyrrhenian domain results and the deeper one is possibly related to the presence of a subhorizontal slab laying on the 670-km discontinuity. We argue that the complex pattern of fast directions is strictly related to the upper mantle structure and is caused by asthenospheric flows induced by slab rollback and contemporary deformation of the overriding Tyrrhenian plate.


In any ecological restoration project in coastal areas, it is crucial to select suitable plant species with high salt tolerance and economic significance. In this study, Tetragonia tetragonoides seedlings were sand-cultured with nutritional solution of different salinities (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 600 mmol·L-1), and the seedling growth indices, biomass, and photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were determined after 7-week growth, aimed to approach the salt tolerance of T. tetragonoides. The suitable salinity for T. tetragonoides growth was 0-400 mol·L-1, with an upper limit of 600 mol·L-1, suggesting that T. tetragonoides was a halophyte with higher salt tolerance. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of T. tetragonoides leaves decreased significantly with increasing salinity, but the stomatal limiting value showed an opposite trend. High salinity could inhibit the leaf net photosynthetic rate via affecting the closure rate of PSⅡ reaction center, the proportion of the light absorption of photochemical reaction, and the electron transfer rate, and thus, decrease the growth rate of T. tetragonoides. This study showed that T. tetragonoides was a halophyte with high salt tolerance and edible value, and worthy to be popularized in the ecological restoration of coastal wetland.


SP 309 is a new cycloaliphatic epoxy resin system reinforced with continuous non-woven glass fibers, with the following product advantages: • Very high strength • Good dimensional stability • Superior arc-track resistance and other electrical properties • Good high temperature performance up to 300°F. (150°C.), giving G-11 grade properties • Excellent shelf life in prepreg form • High fatigue strength.


This study aimed at identifying the impact of strategic leadership dimensions, such as de ining strategic direction, investing strategic capabilities, and implementing balanced organisational supervision, on the organisational ambidexterity dimension at the King Abdullah II Design and Development Bureau (KADDB). The sample consisted of the directors at top and middle management at KADDB, totalling 92 directors. Further, a questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection throughGoogle Forms for the convenience of data collection and edition. 86 valid questionnaireswere retrievedbefore the analytical descriptive approach was used, and, following this, data analysation and hypotheses tests were carried out according to the descriptive statistic measures and statistical analysis program Smart PLS v. 3. The results indicated high relative importance of the strategic leadership and organisational ambidexterity at KADDB, and, notably, a statistically significant impact of strategic leadership was approved on organisational ambidexterity at KADDB at the signi icant level (P ≤ 0.05). This signi icant impact was approved for all the dimensions of strategic leadership except for the dimension 'promoting human capital'. In light of the indings, the researchers recommended that KADDB should: improve organisational ambidexterity and its activities (exploration and exploitation) by organising special steering committees for this purpose within the business development department at KADDB; paymore attention to environmental scanning; balance the patterns of results-based monitoring and control; empower employees; and, inally, improve the current recruitment, promotion, and reward systems.


Free vibrations of a string with time-varying length are analyzed. An equation of motion is the well-known wave equation. Since the length of the string varies with time, its free vibration can not be determined by previous methods. Therefore, new variables of position and time are introduced and the equations of motion with respect to the new variables are solved by method of separation of the variables. Though so-called "eigenvalues (or eigenfrequencies)" and "eigenfunctions" are determined, "eigenfunctions" and initial conditions are expanded into Fourier sine series and then algebraic equations of infinite dimensions are introduced. In such a way, the free vibrations are solved.


The Euro-company, in the context of this paper, is circumscribed in the category of emerging concepts with the process of European construction. Improving the competitiveness of enterprises in the region is mainly due to the implementation of advanced technological processes by the euro-companies present in the area, leading to increased interest in local producers and purchase of modern technologies, in productivity growth within enterprises. By creating European companies is also sold in a higher degree of intangible assets held by companies, such as: know-how, skills, innovation, brand, competitive advantage, etc. Specific market conditions have allowed European companies in expanding markets, geographically close, by setting subsidiaries with substantial autonomy, based on trusted associates.


The article begins with a presentation of the new European Stability Mechanism implemented in September 2012. It describes the operating principles, procedures for granting financial assistance for EMU members, and organizational structure of the institution. The major objective of the article is to assess the effectiveness of ESM from the economic perspective; therefore, the research question is whether the ESM can prove useful in combating the current European sovereign debt crisis (and possible future crises). In order to answer this question, EU treaties and legal acts as well as the economic literature were analyzed. The author concludes that the ESM has very limited power in fighting the sovereign debt crisis, since its capability to support the largest EMU countries (should the need arise) is highly insufficient. Furthermore, being a simple loan mechanism, it cannot prevent any future crises.


"with different components, each serving a community directly while working in concert with other components to produce a cohesive, balanced information environment. Like nature's ecosystem, an information ecosystem must be adaptable, changing as the inhabitants and participants within its aegis change. Over time, the balance between different components and their relationship to each other changes as well, as the environment changes. Sometimes the effect will appear on seemingly unrelated parts (sometimes disastrously!). Adaptability, change, and balance, are the hallmarks of the components of a healthy information ecosystem." [1]


Heartbeat is the most important method of fault detection in the distributed systems. A heartbeat protocol allows two nodes to detect the states of each other by exchanging messages periodically. But it remains two problems in the heartbeat detection of multi-machines. That are, the disagreement of detection results and the over costs of the master-nodes. This paper promotes a heartbeat protocol basing on multiple master-nodes (HPMM). HPMM solves the problem of the disagreement in detection results by voting and electing among master-nodes, and also improves the continuous work time as well as the availability of the system. In addition, the detection costs can be reduced by distributing workload into multiple master-nodes.


There is a necessity to build a new republican regime in the Great Middle East, based on a broad sense of citizenship, on a respect for pluralism, and on re-evaluating difference as a positive element rather than as a threat. However, this re-building will succeed only when it is accompanied by a restoration of the religious space. The reformist national model is the best and most appropriate model for real situations within the current historical period. It is a model that is able to develop according to each society's developmental and political experience.


Much research in developmental psychology has implications for practice and policy. In this article, I first describe how initial attempts to understand early social development and embrace multidisciplinary perspectives helped inform more nuanced approaches to the development of parenting plans for children with separating and maltreating parents. Second, I trace the ways in which notorious child abuse cases fostered research on children's testimonial capacities, which, in turn, informed the development of more effective forensic interview techniques. Progress in these domains has, however, been offset by failures to apply similar developmentally sensitive principles when dealing with children classified as suspects rather than victims, with children who testify in court, and with children in the child welfare system.


PURPOSE: A construction method of an underground tunnel is provided to rapidly construct an underground tunnel by inserting a support structure into a square pipe assembly and placing concrete inside the square pipe assembly. CONSTITUTION: A construction method of an underground tunnel is as follows. A slab(100) is formed as follows. A reference square pipe is inserted into the ground. A square pipe assembly(40) for a slab is formed by forming connection square pipes on both sides of the reference square pipe. A support structure(41) is inserted into the inner space of the square pipe assembly. Concrete is placed in the inner space of the square pipe assembly and cured. Walls(200) are formed on both sides of the bottom of the slab. The inner space formed by the slab and the walls is excavated, and floor concrete is placed in the excavated tunnel part. The inside the tunnel is finished.


The behaviour on heating of sunflower oils produced by cold pressing technique, as declared in label, was investigated, verifying their stability by means of GLC, U.V., NMR and chemical assays (peroxides, acidity, TBA-RS). All the analyzed samples showed good stability for temperatures up to 200°C, while more drastic treatments induced a marked, time/temperature dependent, decrease of some mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with a remarkable increase of trans-isomers and polymers, as confirmed even by NMR analysis. Spectrophotometric u.v. analysis on heated oils at increasing temperatures has revealed exponential type increments of extinction coefficients with slightly different trends between the tested samples. The other studied values on heated but even not oils (peroxides, acidity, TBA-RS, u.v. - visible spectrum and NMR analysis) showed a marked unhomogeneity between the same samples, taking into consideration the opportunity of an exact definition of the category pressing technique oils.


1937, 1939). The above interpretation of experimental findings cannot in any sense be considered as attempting to exclude the possibility that clinical diabetes may result, in some instances, from primary changes in the pancreatic islets-e.g., those which follow interference with the pancreatic blood supply, and in haemochromatosis (cf. Warren, 1938). Nevertheless, the large number of cases of diabetes in which a definite increase in the mass of the body is apparently a proleptic feature may reasonably be supposed to result from a pancreatic pituitary imbalance occurring at a level of pancreatic islet activity higher than that operative in the normal animal.


The Manchu won regime in 1644 was a great shock to scholars of Confucianism. Thereupon they proceeded depth introspection to traditional culture and institution. However, the government of Ching was rare respond to opinion of these scholars. Especially for educational policy, suggestion of scholars didn't develop a great influence. This research that aims at educational policy has following three themes:First, realize teacher of inspect and student of supervise in early Ching times government. Second, explore curriculum and examinational system. Finally, interpret the significance of promote Ch'eng-Chu(程朱) school's Doctrine in early Ching times. This research attempts to discuss that Ching as an autocratic government how to dominate educational system.


In today's world of digitization and the emergence of large amounts of data, it is extremely important that we know how to extract the information that this data captures and that represents foundations we need in organizations for efficient decision-making. Therefore, for graduates, regardless of the field of study, the knowledge of quantitative methods and the ability of "statistical thinking" is extremely important. Quantitative methods and quantitative approach to research and analysis of data imply important advantages over qualitative approach, but their combination can certainly in many areas mean an effective approach to obtaining information that is hidden within data. In this chapter, we first consider some selected methodological approaches to data analysis, in particular the basic principles of inferential statistics, which enables us to generalize the results of a random sample, with a certain degree of probability, to a statistical population. We also show how to use the logistic regression methodology on a case that shows the importance of combining the economic and geographic aspects of research, i.e. the "spationomy" approach. In the next part of the chapter the multicriteria decision-making is presented, that has proven useful in solving spatial decision problems. We develop and apply the multicriteria model for the protection of agricultural land for food self-sufficiency. Based on the literature review, the theoretical backgrounds of multi-criteria decisionmaking, together with the use of multi-criteria decision making in land-use evaluation and management are introduced. In addition, the multi-criteria model for the protection of agricultural land for food self-sufficiency is developed, taking into account the characteristics of the protection of agricultural land and public data base information in Slovenia. For this purpose, we followed the frame procedure for multi-criteria decision making by using the group of methods based on assigning weights to criteria – in this research, we used the Simplified Multiattribute Rating Technique and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Selected geographical and economic factors were structured in the criteria hierarchy. In synthesis, the additive model was used in order to select the most favorable solution. The aggregate values obtained with an additive model were completed by considering synergies and redundancies among criteria by a fuzzy measure – discrete Choquet integral. The results enable suggesting measures for the protection of agricultural land for food self-sufficiency. P. Tominc (*) · V. Čančer Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia e-mail: email@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com # The Author(s) 2020 V. Pászto et al. (eds.), Spationomy, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26626-4_2 39


Industry wastes used as a supplementary or mineral addition in cementitious materials have always become "by-products" and not wastes. These by-products when incorporated into cements diminish the environment impact, reduce the cement consumption and improve several properties on fresh and hardened mortars and concretes. Fluid catalytic cracking waste (FCCW) produced at petroleum industries is a by-product that can be used as a mineral addition in cements. Researches had been attained and results showed that it has pozzolanic characteristics. The study of this by-product is recent and its influence on the cementitious materials could be more understanding. The aim of this work was to verify FCCW influence on properties of fresh paste, such as setting time, temperature evolution during setting and the consistency of mortars. Pastes and mortars studied were produced with natural and grounded FCCW (30% cement replacement by mass). Results showed that FCCW, when used as supplementary material in cement, affect the workability, reduces setting time, increasing the kinetics reaction and mortars consistency.


The invention provides an electric power-assisted bicycle. The electric power-assisted bicycle comprises a triangular frame, a front fork arranged on the front side of the triangular frame and a bracket arranged on the rear side of the triangular frame; a front wheel is installed on the front fork, a rear wheel is installed on the bracket, a hub motor is arranged between the bracket and the rear wheel, the side edge of the hub motor is provided with a speed transmission, a wheel disc is arranged on the bottom side of the triangular frame, a chain is arranged between the speed transmission and the wheel disc, a saddle is arranged above the triangular frame, a handlebar is arranged on the upper portion of the front fork, a front light is arranged on the front side of the handlebar, a power-assisted controller is arranged on the upper portion of the handlebar, a lithium battery and a controller are arranged in a front side frame on the lower side of the triangular frame, the front side frame is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the lithium battery is arranged on the upper portion of the front side frame, the controller is arranged on the lower portion of the front side frame, the lithium battery is connected to the controller in an inserted mode, the controller is electrically connected with the power-assisted controller upwards, and the controller is electrically connected with the hub motor downwards. The electric power-assisted bicycle has the advantages that the structure is simple, heat dissipation is convenient due to the hollow metal structure, connection is tight, and the stability is high.


Background: Care for the chronically ill in the German health care system has been characterized as deficient. Legislation from the past 20 years introduced new forms of integrated care management gradually for statutory health insurance (SHI) in order to improve care, especially for the chronically ill. Considering the demographic change, a substantial increase in the number of those suffering from dementia is predicted. By 2050, the number of dementia patients in Germany is expected to have increased from 1.1 million to 2.6 million. Alzheimer's disease is considered to be the most common form of dementia illness. The intention of this study is to analyze deficits in the care of Alzheimer's patients and persons providing services for them. The identification of care deficits is the foundation for developing efficient health care structures. Furthermore, the study examines whether care management programs exist that address the identified care deficits. Methods: In the initial phase of the study, a systematic literature review within the medical databases Embase and Scopus was conducted to identify care deficits and care management programs for Alzheimer's disease. The literature review was complemented with further internet research. Currently, expert interviews about care deficits are conducted with representatives from e.g. SHI, medical specialist societies and patient organizations. In addition, a standardized questionnaire has been sent to the 40 largest SHI to identify the existence of care management programs and to analyze their contents. The empirical analysis is being carried out anonymously. 13 th international Conference on Integrated Care, Berlin, Germany, April 11-12, 2013 2 International Journal of Integrated Care – Volume 13, 23 October – URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1-114705– http://www.ijic.org/ Results: Currently, the results of the systematic literature review and internet research have been compiled. Among other deficits, the deficits in the care of Alzheimer's disease have been identified as being of structural nature. In this context, shortcomings, regarding e.g. too few institutions for diagnosis and therapy (e.g. memory clinics) have been found. In many cases another problem is the delayed diagnosis. As a consequence of general practitioners' insufficient knowledge regarding geriatric and geronto-psychiatric topics, many potential patients suffering from dementia are overseen. In the therapeutic area, an insufficient use of dementia-specific medication has been identified on the one hand, while on the other, a large volume of medication prescription without any evidence-based effect has been observed. Furthermore, psychiatric and neurological comorbidities have often been inappropriately treated. In addition, nursing homes, where many dementia patients reside, are inadequately equipped. Currently, the empirical data collection is being conducted. Responses to the questionnaires are expected by the end of January 2013. The expert interviews are expected to be completed by the end of February 2013. Discussion and Conclusion: Many deficits in the care of Alzheimer's disease, which are of structural nature and also regarding diagnosis and therapy, have been identified in literature. The expert interviews serve as validation regarding whether these deficits can be confirmed by those involved in the care of dementia. In addition, the interviews should identify whether any further care deficits exist. The survey of the health insurances regarding the existence and content of health management programs should give an overview whether SHI have already addressed these problems.


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A method is presented which combines features of meshfree and meshbased methods in order to enable the simulation of complex flow problems involving large deformations of the domain or moving and rotating objects. Conventional meshbased methods like the finite element method have matured as standard tools for the simulation of fluid and structure problems. They offer efficient and reliable approximations, provided that a conforming mesh with sufficient quality can be maintained throughout the simulation. This, however, may not be guaranteed for complex fluid and fluid-structure interaction problems. Meshfree methods on the other hand approximate partial differential equations based on a set of nodes without the need for an additional mesh. Therefore, these methods are frequently used for problems where suitable meshes are prohibitively expensive to construct and maintain. This advantage of meshfree methods comes at the price of being considerably more time-consuming than their meshbased counterparts. A coupled meshfree/meshbased fluid solver is developed which combines the advantages of both methodologies. A meshfree method, closely related to the element-free Galerkin method, is used in small parts of the domain where a mesh is difficult to maintain, whereas the efficient meshbased finite element method is employed in the rest of the domain. Major steps in the development of the coupled flow solver are the extension of standard stabilization methods to meshfree approximations, and the realization of the coupling on the level of the shape functions, which are involved in the approximation of the governing equations. Concerning the stabilization, it is found that the same structure of the standard stabilization schemes may be used for meshfree approximations, however, the aspect of the stabilization parameter, weighing the stabilization terms, requires special care. For the coupling, these requirements for a reliable stabilization lead to modifications of the existing coupling approaches. The stabilized and coupled flow solver is verified and used for the simulation of geometrically complex fluid-structure interaction problems. Conventional meshbased methods are not suitable for the approximation of these test cases due to the prohibitively large deformations of the geometry.


This paper introduces that the advanced technics, device, technology and the actual effect of application in production that was applicated in the design for walking beam heating furnace.


The utility model provides a water-saving water tank of a closet. A diaphragm plate which is provided with a through hole is additionally arranged in a tank body of a water tank, and an inner cavity of the tank body is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the diaphragm plate, and a vertical air pipe is connected to the diaphragm plate. A recovery water pipe and a water collecting box are additionally arranged on the tank body of the water tank, and a tap water inlet pipe and a water level control valve are arranged on the tank body of the water tank to be matched to supplement water supply. The water-saving water tank of a closet has novel structure, water source saving, and convenient use. The water-saving water tank of a closet can collect and store living waste water. The utility model is a novel water tank of a closet.


In an online or offline classroom, it might be difficult to ensure student engagement and learning during and after the COVID-19 epidemic. The learning of global engineers, need to engage effective teaching and learning practices in higher education is required. The best way to learn is to teach. Learning by teaching others is extremely effective method. To enhance the learning of engineering students, a pilot study is aims to exam in the effectiveness of the freshmen engineering students' engagement in learning using peer tutoring. In addition, considered the performance of tutees (slow learners) guided by the identified tutors (fast learners) of the same group for peer tutoring. For that the students are engaged in the practice of learning by teaching, understanding and retaining the knowledge while comparing the students who are in existing learning. A peer teaching method is effective learning method by involving the student in group presentations combined with cooperative learning. In this paper a review of related literature focusing on active learning methods –like learning by teaching, peer tutoring, team presentations in engineering education are done. The results strongly endorse learning through teaching by the student and for the student throughout the practice of peer tutoring in a pilot course study of Applied Physics. Keywords-Cooperative learning, peer tutoring, learning by teaching, engineering education, freshmen engineering students.


Abstract The Federal Coastal Zone Management Act sought to address key national goals through the use of individually crafted state and territorial coastal management programs. A review of state program activities and expenditures of CZMA implementation grants for the 1982–1987 period indicates that the states have retained their diversity and ability to tailor programs to meet state defined needs while still addressing key national interests. The states have devoted the bulk of their coastal management expenditures to improving the process of government decision‐making and protecting natural resources. The degree to which state programs are contributing to meeting national goals has been poorly documented. Reforms are needed to clearly identify the national interest in coastal management, relate grants, performance reports, and evaluations to those interests, and make better use of tools available for securing more focused and better coordinated national coastal policies.


By examining sea surface height (SSH) from the TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P) altimeter and upper‐ocean temperature/current data from the NCEP reanalysis product, a well‐defined, shallow pathway has been identified of subsurface temperature anomalies along the Pacific North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC). A physical picture is developed to demonstrate how oceanic‐atmospheric anomalies leading to the 1997–98 El Niño may be generated in the tropical Pacific climate system. Prior to its onset, a preconditioned oceanic state is set in the west during 1995–96, characterized by elevated sea level, depressed thermocline and warm temperature anomalies in the western boundary along 6–10°N. With the seasonal intensification of the NECC in the fall, the warm anomalies propagated coherently eastward along the relatively shallow NECC subsurface pathways (centered about 100 m), from the western boundary in mid‐1996 to near the date line in late 1996 and early 1997. As the thermocline shoals eastward and upward along the NECC, the subsurface anomalies were exposed to the surface near the date line, likely initiating warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies north of the equator in late 1996. Due to the convergence of mean subsurface circulation onto the equator, the equatorward flows helped move these initially subsurface‐produced SST anomalies southward onto the equator, which would induce westerly wind anomalies.


Nowadays there is a new direction of training tools on the basis of information technologies, interactive training, providing training in the user interacts with the computer. Interactive technologies are divided into two parts: an interactive training package and interactive equipment. To improve the quality and efficiency of educational process a complex use of of interactive technologies is required.


Abstract We assessed the response of the adrenergic receptor in pancreatic glucagon secretion to central nervous system stimulation. Injection of neostigmine (5 × 10−8 mol) into the third cerebral ventricle in intact rats resulted in increased epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion associated with glucagon secretion. This glucagon secretion was still observed in bilateral adrenalectomized (ADX) rats, although its concentration was significantly lower than that in the intact rats. This glucagon rise was significantly inhibited by ip treatment of ganglionic blocker with hexamethonium. Intraperitoneal injection of α-adrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine (5 × 10−7 mol), but not of β-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol (1 × 10−6 mol), reduced the hyperglucagonemic effect of a subsequent neostigmine injection in intact and ADX rats, although these antagonists did not influence epinephrine or norepinephrine secretion in intact rats. In addition, ip injection of the selective α2-receptor antagonist...


Objective : To study type, frequency and sensitivity to antibiotic of pathogenic organism causing urinary tract infection in Sawanpracharak hospital patients. Setting : Department of Medicine, Sawanpracharak hospital. Design : Descriptive study Subjects : Patients diagnosed urinary tract infection, age greater than 15 years old, who were lreated in department of medicine, Sawanpracharak hospital from October 1, 2004 to September 30, 2005. Method : The medical records of the patients were reviewed. The demographic data of the patients, type, frequency and sensitivity to antibiotic of pathogenic organisms were analyzed. The organisms were divided into two groups, community acquired organisms and hospital acquired organisms. Result : The samples included 138 UTI patients with a mean age of 61 .9 years old.73.9% were female. 30.4% had diabelus millitus, 15.9% with urologic complication and a mean serum creatinine 2.2 mg%. Most common pathogenic organism was E. coli (53.6%) and the second most common organism was Enterococci (15.9%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were not found in community acquired UTl. Enterobacteriaceae group from community acquired infection was sensitive to commonly used antibiotic such as Ceftriaxone (93.0%), but only 50% of the group from hospital acquired infection was sensitive to Ceftriaxone. Both Enterobacteriaceae groups were sensitive to TMP-SMZ less than 50%. Enterococci from community acquired and hospital acquired infection were sensitive to Ampicillin 50-60%. No Enterococci resislant to Vancomycin was found. Conclusion : Like other studies, the most common organism of UTI in Sawanpracharak hospital was E. coli from Enterobacteriaceae group. Enterobacteriaceae from community acquired infection slill had high sensitivity to Ceftriaxone,the commonly used antibiotic drug, but that from hospital acquired infection had rather low sensitivity to Ceftriaxone. Enterococci, the second most common organism, both from community and hospital acquired infection had rather low sensitivity to Ampicillin (50-60%), and there was no Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci in this study. Key words : urinary tract infection, pathogenic organism