Extremely large-period polytypes in SiC have been investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and direct lattice imaging by electron microscopy, which has been found to be a more suitable technique for studying structures of extremely large periodicities. Some crystals giving rise to a diffuse streaking along h0.l reciprocal lattice rows when studied by X-ray diffraction, showed the presence of extremely long- period polytypes when investigated by electron microscopy. The c periodicity of such SiC structures (having periodicities of more than 1000 A) has been determined by this technique and the super-period block spacing is found to contain block spacings of 6H, 15R, 4H and 21R polytypes.


This paper summarizes the panel discussion at the 1st Workshop on Trust and Privacy in Process Analytics (TPPA) co-located with the 2nd International Conference on Process Mining. The panel discussed to what extend trust and privacy is embedded in applications of process mining and took place on 5th October 2020. The virtual session was chaired by Felix Mannhardt and Agnes Koschmider and the invited panelists were Moe Wynn, Jana Lange, Lars Biermann and Florian Tschorsch. The major challenges that this panel identified related to privacy-preserving process mining are to include (user-centric) privacy filters, understanding the privacy-utility trade-off and to link privacy-preserving techniques with dataset quality.


1. The energy values of the diets of twenty-three women who were breast-feeding and thirty-two who were bottle-feeding their babies were determined by 7 d weighed surveys. All the subjects were healthy and living at home, and their babies were thriving. The lactating mothers took, on average, 591 kcal (2.5 MJ)/d more than those who were not lactating. 2. Both groups were losing weight, on average. The estimated contribution of such losses to the total energy supply was added to and the amounts expended on basal metabolism deducted from the dietary energy intakes. Since the activity of each group was fairly similar, it was possible to conclude that the average amount of energy available to support lactation was 618 kcal (2.6 MJ) daily. The average energy value of the milk produced was estimated from the weights of the babies to be 597 kcal (2.5 MJ) daily. 3. Critical evaluation of those averages, and of the assumptions on which they were based, led to the conclusion that the energy exchanges in human lactation have an efficiency of 90% or more, with a lower limit of about 80%. 4. The additional supply of 600 kcal (2.5 MJ) in the daily diet should suffice to support lactation and a 'round figure' of 500 kcal (2.1MJ) daily may be regarded as reasonable in official recommended allowances.


Objective To assess the value of laparoscopy and laparoscopic ultrasonography (LUS) in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer before laparotomy. Methods Twelve patients suspected of pancreatic neoplasm by ultrasounography and CT scan underwent laparoscopic examination before laparotomy. Laparoscopic ultrasonography was also performed in the 2 most recent patients. Results By laparoscopy alone, 1 patient was diagnosed primary peritonitis and treated accordingly; 2 patients received simultaneously LUS, which showed that one had pancreatic cyst and the other had no lesion what so ever was normal. Of 9 patients with pancreatic cancer, 3 were found to have distant metastasis; the other 6 underwent laparotomy, 1 of which was found unresectable with the turmor encasing the superior mesenteric vein, and 5 of them were eventually successfully resected. The sensitivity of laparoscopy in determining unresectability was 75%, the specificity 100%, the positive predictive value being 100% and the negative predictive value 90%. Conclusions Laparoscopy and LUS have improved the accuracy of the diagnosis and staging in pancreatic neoplasm, and help to avoid unnecessary laparotomy for unresectable cases.


The precise sequence of aminoacids plays a central role in the tertiary structure of proteins and their functional properties. The Hydrophobic-Polar lattice models have provided valuable insights regarding the energy landscape. We demonstrate here the isomorphism between the protein sequences and designable structures for two and three dimensional lattice proteins of very long aminoacid chains using exact enumerations and intuitive considerations.We emphasize that the topological arrangement of the aminoacid residues alone is adequate to deduce the designable and non-designable sequences without explicit recourse to energetics and degeneracies. The results indicate the computational feasibility of realistic lattice models for proteins in two and three dimensions and imply that the fundamental principle underlying the designing of structures is the connectivity of the hydrophobic and polar residues.


Evidence to inform rehabilitation service delivery for individuals with deafblindness, especially in the Indian context, is inadequate. Rehabilitation professionals often find it challenging to design rehabilitation interventions that promote participation for those with deafblindness. Therefore, our purpose was to understand the contextual factors that influence the participation of individuals with deafblindness in India from the perspectives of those who are involved in providing rehabilitation services to them. Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) as a framework, we conducted two focus group discussions with 16 rehabilitation service providers in India. We used a content analysis approach to examine the data. Rehabilitation service providers perceived participation barriers to be linked primarily to the social environment. Specifically, participants identified four major factors acting as barriers, including (a) lack of awareness about deafblindness; (b) negative attitudes and stigma associated with disability; (c) lack of access to resources such as assistive technology and interpreter support; and (d) communication challenges associated with severe impairments. Facilitators include accessibility of the built environment for multisensory impairments, affordable technology, provision of an interpreter and personal support worker, and training on deafblindness for professionals. The participation of individuals with deafblindness could be enhanced by identifying and removing environmental barriers and improving knowledge about deafblindness among rehabilitation professionals for proper identification, assessment, and access to rehabilitation services.


In this paper we evaluate a lightweight encryption scheme for JPEG2000 which relies on a secret transform domain constructed with anisotropic wavelet packets. The pseudo-random selection of the bases used for transformation takes compression performance into account, and discards a number of possible bases which lead to poor compression performance. Our main focus in this paper is to answer the important question of how many bases remain to construct the keyspace. In order to determine the trade-off between compression performance and keyspace size, we compare the approach to a method that selects bases from the whole set of anisotropic wavelet packet bases following a pseudo-random uniform distribution. The compression performance of both approaches is compared to get an estimate of the range of compression quality in the set of all bases. We then analytically investigate the number of bases that are discarded for the sake of retaining compression performance in the compression-oriented approach as compared to selection by uniform distribution. Finally, the question of keyspace quality is addressed, i.e. how much similarity between the basis used for analysis and the basis used for synthesis is tolerable from a security point of view and how this affects the lightweight encryption scheme.


The XXIV ASTIN Colloquium was held in St. John's College, Cambridge, with most participants staying in College and the colloquium sessions being held in the Palmerston Room of the recently constructed conference suite. The setting of the College, straddling the river Cam and looking out on to the green expanse of the backs, provided a beautiful backdrop for our discussions, formal and informal, and it seemed to be generally agreed that the lack of full hotel facilities was a small price to pay for the privilege of holding the colloquium in this unique environment. The colloquium was attended by about 200 participants from 25 different countries and 61 accompanying persons. The colloquium began with a reception in New Court Cloisters followed by a buffet in Hall and this set the standard of conviviality for the following four days as well as providing the first opportunity for informal discussions.


This article examines the problem and cause of traffic bottlenecks among other traffic flow phenomena. A number of traffic engineers discuss their theories on traffic flow breakdown, stop-go behavior, and other traffic delays.


This paper presents the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) as a pattern classifier for the combined differential protection of generator-transformer unit with an aim to build a backup protection system to improve the overall reliability of the system. The proposed neural network model is trained and tested with an efficient Resilient Back propagation (RPROP) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm. The results are then compared. The neural network model makes the discrimination between operating conditions (like normal, magnetizing inrush, overexcitation conditions in transformer) and internal faults in transformer and generator based on the differential current waveform patterns. The proposed method is independent of amplitudes of the waveforms. Various normal and internal fault conditions of the transformer and generator are simulated using toolboxes in MATLAB/SIMULINK in order to obtain the differential current data used for the training and testing of the ANN.


A robust video stabilization algorithm based on feature matching is put forward.First,the traditional KLT method is improved by introducing an adaptive illumination independent model to realize the robust feature tracking.Then the feature matching errors and motion consistence principle are used to improve the feature reliability.Finally,the correspondence between the matched features is used to build an affine motion model to realize image stabilization.Experiment results show that the proposed method is robust to both moving object and illumination change.


In the present study, we found that EZH1 depletion in MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma cells resulted in significant cell death as well as xenograft inhibition. EZH1 depletion decreased the level of H3K27me1; the interaction and protein stabilization of MYCN and EZH1 appear to play roles in epigenetic transcriptional regulation. Transcriptome analysis of EZH1‐depleted cells resulted in downregulation of the cell cycle progression‐related pathway. In particular, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed downregulation of reactome E2F‐mediated regulation of DNA replication along with key genes of this process, TYMS, POLA2, and CCNA1. TYMS and POLA2 were transcriptionally activated by MYCN and EZH1‐related epigenetic modification. Treatment with the EZH1/2 inhibitor UNC1999 also induced cell death, decreased H3K27 methylation, and reduced the levels of TYMS in neuroblastoma cells. Previous reports indicated neuroblastoma cells are resistant to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and TYMS (encoding thymidylate synthetase) has been considered the primary site of action for folate analogues. Intriguingly, UNC1999 treatment significantly sensitized MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma cells to 5‐FU treatment, suggesting that EZH inhibition could be an effective strategy for development of a new epigenetic treatment for neuroblastoma.


Genomic research in any organism encompasses understanding structure of the target genome and genes, their function, and evolution. Brassica rapa, which is phylogenetically related to Arabidopsis thaliana, is an important species with respect to its uses as vegetable, oil, and fodder. The availability of suitable genetic and genomic resources is a prerequisite to undertake genomic research in B. rapa. We have developed reference mapping populations of Chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis) comprising 78 doubled haploid lines and over 250 recombinant inbred lines. Two Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) libraries, generated by restriction enzymes HindIII (KBrH) and BamHI (KBrB), comprise 56 592 and 50 688 clones, respectively. We have also constructed 22 cDNA libraries from different plant tissues consisting of 104 914 clones with an average length of 575 bp. Initial BAC-end sequence analysis of 1473 clones of the KBrH library led us to understand the structure of B. rapa genome with respect to extent of genic sequences and their annotation, and relative abundance of different types of repetitive DNAs. Full-length sequence analysis of BAC clones revealed extensive triplication of B. rapa DNA segments coupled with variable gene losses within the segments. The formulation of the 'Multinational Brassica Genome Project' has laid the foundation to sequence the complete genome of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis by the international Brassica research community. It has been proposed to undertake BAC-to-BAC sequencing of genetically mapped seed BACs. In recent years, development of bioinformatics tools in Brassica has given a boost to structural genomics research in Brassica species. The research undertaken with the availability of various genomic resources in the public domain has added to our understanding of the structure of B. rapa.


To solve problems related to global warming, environmental pollution, and green energy fields, a lot of research is now devoted to the catalysis of biofuels and biogas transformation into syngas and hydrogen [...]


The effectiveness of the integrated protection system is largely determined by the quality of pest development monitoring, which can be successfully performed by using devices with ultraviolet light sources with a certain wavelength. In order to carry out surveillance in order to signal the appearance of the main pests of the tomato crop, especially the mining moth, it is reasonable to develop new technolo-gies and methods of protection of this crop, using in existing protection systems electro-optical devices - light traps ultraviolet.


A polymer cement waterproof coating, to a liquid material and the inorganic powder: 1 mass ratio mixture of the liquid component material: polymer emulsion 60% -80%, 0.5% of wetting and dispersing agent - 1%, 0.05% to 0.1% antifoaming agent, anti-settling agent 1% -5.0% -5.0% 1% coalescent, 0.5% -1% antifungal preservatives, leveling agents 1-2%, the rest is water; the inorganic powder component: cement of strength class 42.5 35% -50%, 10% -15% admixture, 5% -10% calcium carbonate, 0.1 to 0.5% water reducing agent, 1% -5% sodium silicate instant, aluminum stearate 1% to 5%, 0.05% to 0.1% thickener, triethanolamine 0.05% -0.1%, remainder quartz sand material. The present invention as compared to prior conventional JS waterproof coating, the coating film tensile strength, elongation, impermeability and second pressure can greatly improve impermeability.


This paper discusses the sense of shame in Korean culture. With Taoism, Korean culture began its transformation from a face-saving culture to a modern culture. Self-realization is the most important goal in a Taoist culture; the supreme value in the face-saving culture lay in the preservation of honor in the family. Influenced by western culture, modern Korean culture has come to focus on personal competence, mostly for the acquisition of material wealth. As a result, the crucial factor generating a sense of shame has shifted from failure of self-realization in the Taoist culture and injury of the family in face-saving culture, to personal incompetence in modern Korean society.


The method of second order probability technique is presented to solve the problem of how to measure the uncertainties of the positive conjunction reasoning rules. We get a practical formula by using this method. The results can provide a probability foundation for the application of this kind of reasoning rules in decision-making


AbstractIn light of the controversy of the dispute about the role of national institutions in shaping innovation strategies of firms, and in light of the lack of explicitness of the notion of innovation strategy within the dispute, this paper aims at ascertaining if national institutional subjection of a firm is fateful in shaping its innovation strategy. The sample companies represented two distinct sets of institutions – Lithuanian vs. Swiss, and two distinct sectors – laser producers vs. contact centres. Warm-house conditions were ensured to eliminate other potentially disruptive factors. Following methods were used to analyse the data: exploratory case study, correlation analysis, test of difference, cluster analysis, and cross-tabulation. The survey highlighted the most important, with regard to national and sectoral disparities, characteristics of innovation strategy.


This study aims to determine: (1) The effect of work life balance on employee loyalty at the Denpasar City Social Service, (2) The effect of job satisfaction on employee work loyalty at the Denpasar City Social Service. This research is a descriptive analysis research using a quantitative approach. Data collection using observation, documentation and questionnaires. The sample in this study was 91 people and used the random sampling method. The validity test used Cronbach's Alpha. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The results of the study found that: (1) Work life balance has a positive and significant effect on employee work loyalty, the sig value is obtained. 0.042 <α 0.005 indicates that H0 is rejected and H1 is rejected. (2) Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee loyalty, a Sig.t value of 0.000 <0.05 indicates that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The simultaneous contribution or contribution of work life balance and job satisfaction variables to employee loyalty is 63.8% while 36.2% is determined by other variables not examined in this study.


Foreword When I was a graduate student (long ago!) we received a few lectures on the importance of family participation in assessment and treatment, the emphasis being on how much more quickly treatment proceeded when a child's family was involved. If I had better understood the crucial importance of working with families, my notes for those lectures would have been more detailed, and the heading " Families " would have been in red ink with large arrows and huge stars circling around it. As I discovered when I began working, family is the pivot of a child's life, essential as air. Essential because human infants are born too helpless to survive without caregivers and require long apprentices under protective guardians to learn all they must know to survive. I soon learned that families differed enormously in disposition, composition , and child-rearing ability. Some were a " comfort zone " from which a child explored the world, and others a place from which a child needed to escape. Some families included a single parent, other two parents, two women, two men, a grandparent, or parents unrelated biologically to the child. Child-rearing skills of families ranged from awe inspiring to awful. To illustrate, I remember working with two couples. One couple, both of who were mildly retarded, were particularly conscientious parents, and the other couple, both professionals , were so consumed by career goals as to border on inflicting child abuse. If I were a student today, I would want Working with Families in Speech-Language Pathology as a textbook. For a clinician, educator , or researcher Working with Families is an invaluable reference. The editors and authors are experienced clinicians and fine writers, and they have assembled an outstanding international cadre of chapter authors. The first part of Working with Families provides an excellent description of the editors' theoretical framework. The second and main part consists of eight strong chapters, each focusing on a particular child population, including family issues arising in the care of children with language impairment, speech impairment, stuttering , AAC devices, dysphagia, hearing loss, and emergent literacy. Working with Families in Speech-Language Pathology has something for everyone. Whether as a textbook or a reference, it is an excellent resource that likely will be read and reread for a long time to come.


The superconducting coupling coil to be used in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) with inner radius of 750 mm, length of 285 mm and thickness of 110.4 mm will be cooled by a pair of 1.5 W at 4.2 K cryo-coolers. When the coupling coil is powered to 210 A, it will produce about 7.3 T peak magnetic field at the conductor and it will have a stored energy of 13 MJ. A key issue for safe operation of the coupling coil is the thermal stability of the coil during a charge and discharge. The magnet and its cooling system are designed for a rapid discharge where the magnet is to be discharged in 5400 seconds. The numerical simulation for the thermal stability of the MICE coupling coil has been done using ANSYS. The analysis results show that the superconducting coupling coil has a good stability and can be charged and discharged safely.


Introduction. A few new ideas and results in connection with the coherent interaction processes of X-rays in crystals are presented in this talk. This includes the discussion of interaction processes of X-rays and electrons associated with the interference in crystals. The interference is the simplest phenomenon which establishes a correlation between electrons or photons in crystals and thereby introduces coherence in the final output. In the case of X-rays and electrons the most fundamental interference phenomenon is the Bragg scattering in crystals. This is essentially the interaction of electromagnetic waves in case of X-rays and the de Broglie waves in the case of electrons which are to be scattered by the periodic lattice waves involved in the scattering process. In Ewald's [I] dynamical theory of X-ray interference the scattering elements of the crystal act as vibrating dipoles at the lattice sites and the problem is to find in the crystal a balanced or self-consistent state of electromagnetic field and the dipole waves. In Ewald's [I] dynamical theory explaining the Bragg scattering, the scattered waves have the same angular frequency coo of the incident wave. Slater [2] described the interaction between the incident electromagnetic wave exp i(oo t k,.r) and the lattice wave exp i(o, t k,.r) by representing in a general way the scattered wave by the real part of exp i[(o, + o,) t (k, + k,). r ] . The amplitude of scattering is proportional to the interaction between the wave which is being scattered and the lattice waves which are involved in the scattering. Slater [2] pointed out the importance of the more general case of scattering where o, is different from zero and the propagation vector (ko + k,) is to be chosen in such a way that the angular frequency (w, + o,) of the modified radiation may have the appropriate associated wavevector (k, & k,). The appearance of a sharp line in the Bragg spectrum obtained by the crystal diffraction is guided by the Bragg law nA = 2 d sin 0, with necessary refractive index correction for different orders of reflection. The angle of ejection of the Bragg scattered photon is governed by the conservation rules for the wavevectors of the incident and the scattered photon


Our discovery of the involvement of the interaction between intracellular signalling pathways mediated by Ca2+ and cAMP (Ca2+/cAMP interaction) in the neurotransmission and neuroprotection has produced new avenues in the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer´s and Parkinson's diseases. Interestingly, this discovery initiated decades ago when numerous clinical studies have reported that use of L-type Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs) by hypertensive patients decreased arterial pressure, but produced typical symptoms of sympathetic hyperactivity, such as tachycardia and increment of catecholamine plasma levels. Despite these adverse effects of CCBs have been initially attributed to adjust reflex of arterial pressure, during almost four decades this enigmatic phenomenon named calcium paradox remained unclear. In 2013, we discovered that this phenomenon was resulting of increment of transmitter release from sympathetic neurons and adrenal chromaffin cells, stimulated by CCBs due to its interference on the Ca2+/cAMP interaction. In this way, our discovery of the role of Ca2+/cAMP interaction in the neurotransmitter release, and neuronal death triggered by cytosolic Ca2+ overload, opened novel adventures for the development of new pharmacological strategies more effective for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders resulting of neurotransmitter release deficit, and neuronal death.


We demonstrate that the Lyα emission in the absorption troughs of a large sample of stacked damped Lyα absorption systems (DLAS) presented by Rahmani et al. is consistent with the spectral profiles and luminosities of a recently detected population of faint Lyα emitters at z∼ 3. This result supports the suggestion that the faint emitters are to be identified with the host galaxies of DLAS at these redshifts.


Thus far, the agent communication has often been modeled in dynamic epistemic logic, where each agent changes his/ her belief, restricting the accessibility to possible worlds in Kripke semantics. Prior to the message passing, in general, the sender should be required to believe the contents of the message. In some occasions, however, the recipient may not believe what he/ she has heard since he/ she may not have enough background knowledge to understand it or the information may be encrypted and he/ she may not know how to decipher it. In this paper, we generalize those messages that require special knowledge as private information and formalize that the recipient does not change his/ her belief receiving such private messages. Then, we distinguish the validity of the information from the belief change of the recipient; that is, even though the communication itself is held and the information is logically contradictory to his/ her original belief, the recipient may not change his/ her belief. For this purpose, we employ 4-valued logic where each proposition is given 2 (usual true and false) times 2 (private or public information or not) truth value.


The rate constants for the reactions of H+Br2 and D+Br2 were measured by employing a pulse radiolysis–resonance absorption technique. The rate constants could be expressed by the following Arrhenius equations between 214 and 295 K: k(H+Br2) =6.7×10−10 exp(−680/T), k(D+Br2)=6.0×10−10 exp(−720/T), in units of cm3 s−1. Sudden transition state theoretical calculations were performed on the basis of modified LEPS surfaces. The calculated results were compared with the experimental ones.


A simple pressing test is a research tool for press dewatering studies. In the centrifugal compression value (CCV) test, a pulp pad is placed between a press felt and brass weight and then centrifuged. The centrifugal force drives the weight against the pad and continuously removes the expressed water from the felt. The CCV test can measure the purely mechanical resistance of a pulp to compression. The CCV test is precise, flexible, and independent of many complicating variables. Application : the CCV is a simple pressing test that is a valuable research tool for studying the dewatering of a cell wall.


ABSTRACT Background: The service bottlenecks arising from the ill-managed patient flow and poor scheduling processes result in excessively long waiting time for patients. Purpose: To analyze the patient flow system and optimize the scheduling of patients in the radiology department of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the radiology department of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. It involved real-time observation of work process on 768 adult ambulant patients. The waiting time, arrival pattern, and service time for each patient were noted. The analytical software, MATLAB, was used for data analysis and system modeling. Results: Patient arrival time pattern was highly stochastic with a mean arrival rate of 7 ± 5.4 patients/h noted for one day. The peak arrival hour was 7.00–10.00 h with an arrival rate of 12 patients/h and average service time of 15 min was obtained. The overall mean waiting time in the system was calculated to be 116 min. The waiting time varied significantly with the arrival rate (at P < 0.05). Conclusion: Service bottlenecks in the Radiology departments can be addressed through good patient flow management that can be achieved by adopting an optimal scheduling system.


The kinetic structure of collisionless slow shocks in the magnetotail is studied by solving the Riemann problem of the collapse of a current sheet with a normal magnetic field component using 2‐D hybrid simulations. The collapse results in a current layer with a hot isotropic distribution and backstreaming ions in a boundary layer. The lobe plasma outside and within the boundary layer exhibits a large perpendicular to parallel temperature anisotropy. Waves in both regions propagate parallel to the magnetic field. In a second experiment a spatially limited high density beam is injected into a low beta background plasma and the subsequent wave excitation is studied. A model for slow shocks bounding the reconnection layer in the magnetotail is proposed where backstreaming ions first excite obliquely propagating waves by the electromagnetic ion/ion cyclotron instability, which lead to perpendicular heating. The T⟂/T∥ temperature anisotropy subsequently excites parallel propagating Alfvén ion cyclotron waves, which are convected into the slow shock and are refracted in the downstream region.


Data presented in this report represent an intense effort to improve processing methods, testing methods, and general mechanical properties (rupture modulus, tensile, creep, stress-rupture, dynamic and cyclic fatigue, fracture toughness) of candidate ceramics for use in advanced heat engines. This work was performed by many facilities and represents only a small part of the data generated by the Ceramic Technology Project (CTP) since 1986. Materials discussed include GTE PY6, GN-10, NT-154, NT-164, SN-260, SN-251, SN-252, AY6, silicon nitride combined with rare-earth oxides, Y-TZP, ZTA, NC-433, NT-230, Hexoloy SA, MgO-PSZ-to-MgO-PSZ joints, MgO-PSZ-to-cast iron, and a few whisker/fiber-reinforced ceramics. Information in this report was taken from the project`s semiannual and bimonthly progress reports and from final reports summarizing the results of individual studies. Test results are presented in tabular form and in graphs. All data, including test rig descriptions and material characterizations, are stored in the CTP data base and are available to all project participants on request. The objective of this report is to make available the test results from these studies but not to draw conclusions from those data.


What is a worthwhile mathematical task? How is a task different from a lesson or an assignment? An experienced teacher and math educator shares his point of view. Includes "Reflect and Discuss".


Your group time is "talk central" for children to discuss problems, imagine solutions, even role-play hypothetical situations. It is often in the safety and support of the large group that children develop the tools they need to learn how to resolve the inevitable conflicts that arise throughout life. Because we want to empower children to eventually work out larger issues on their own, we need to provide them with guided opportunities now. As children learn how to solve their own problems, they experience feelings of independence and self-worth. Vocabulary grows and children's confidence in their ability to express their needs and feelings becomes stronger and stronger.


Asterostroma cervicolor (Berk. & Curtis) Massee and Trechispora brinkmanni (Bres.) Rogers and Jackson were found associated with rigid insulating materials and hardboards which were being evaluated in soil burial beds for their resistance to decay. Cultural characteristics of both fungi are described. The soil-block method was used to test the ability of the two fungi to decay rigid insulating materials and hardboards treated with various preservatives.


A 38-year-old male bartender without cardiovascular history, who had been consuming alcohol for several hours previously, was referred with suspected myocardial infarction by the mobile acute chest pain unit to the emergency department. Sudden onset acute thoracic pain occurred after he had won a game contest, held between clients, by …


A transnational perspective on cross-border migration and its consequences extends beyond the immigration countries and encompasses regions of origin and destination, and other places which are criss-crossed by the connectivities of persons, groups and organizations. Based on the wide range of knowledge generated by transnational studies in the field of migration this article explores how these empirical results were generated. A transnational methodology needs to address three challenges: methodological nationalism, group essentialism, and the positionality of researchers. This task necessitates, first, the presentation of a methodological toolbox for studying transnational phenomena empirically, that is, transnationality but also the transnational social spaces. In doing so, this article engages in reflections on how to conduct research and assess evidence. This endeavour also includes discussion of how relevant research techniques are applied, using selected examples.


This work applies non-stationary random processes to resilience of power distribution under severe weather. Power distribution, the edge of the energy infrastructure, is susceptible to external hazards from severe weather. Large-scale power failures often occur, resulting in millions of people without electricity for days. However, the problem of large-scale power failure, recovery and resilience has not been formulated rigorously nor studied systematically. This work studies the resilience of power distribution from three aspects. First, we derive non-stationary random processes to model large-scale failures and recoveries. Transient Little's Law then provides a simple approximation of the entire life cycle of failure and recovery through a queue at the network-level. Second, we define time-varying resilience based on the non-stationary model. The resilience metric characterizes the ability of power distribution to remain operational and recover rapidly upon failures. Third, we apply the non-stationary model and the resilience metric to large-scale power failures caused by Hurricane Ike. We use the real data from the electric grid to learn time-varying model parameters and the resilience metric. Our results show non-stationary evolution of failure rates and recovery times, and how the network resilience deviates from that of normal operation during the hurricane.


SUMMARY 'Life-long learning' is a complex concept. Contrary to positions focusing either on key qualifications or the tools for learning, it is argued here that the teaching of qualifications and the stimulation of qualities for lifelong learning at school demands the simultaneous teaching of solid basic general knowledge which is systematically integrated into the acquisition of specific factual knowledge. This complex integration requires the systematic direction of the teacher. Primary schools have a special — fundamental — role in relation to the development and promotion of abilities, competencies and attitudes which characterise lifelong learners. However, they are mainly concerned with the initiation and preparation rather than with their full development. The paper reviews — as examples for particular important qualities and attitudes for lifelong learning — the research on interests and learning strategies. For both concepts, their development, their relation to school achievement and characteristics of their promotion in primary schools are discussed.


Developing well-structured web-sites to aid powerful individual navigation has always been a challenge. A main purpose is that the web developers' knowledge of how a website ought to be organized could be significantly distinctive from that of the users. While different techniques have already been stated to re-link web pages to enhance navigability applying consumer navigation information, the entirely reorganized new design could be very volatile, and the expense of disorienting consumers following the improvements stays unanalyzed. This report handles how to boost a website without presenting considerable changes. Particularly, we propose a mathematical programming design to enhance the consumer navigation on a website while reducing modifications to their recent structure. Benefits from intensive tests conducted on a widely accessible actual information collection suggest that our design not just considerably increases an individual navigation with very few improvements, but can also be effortlessly solved. We've also tested the design on big artificial information sets to display that it scales up very well. Furthermore, we establish two evaluation metrics and utilize them to measure the efficiency of the improved website utilizing the actual information set. Evaluation results confirm that an individual navigation on the improved framework should indeed be considerably enhanced. More apparently, we see that heavily disoriented people are more likely to benefit from the improved framework compared to the less disoriented users.


The needs survey shows that English listening skill of the students in the tenth graders of Indonesian Islamic High School or Madrasah Aliyah is not well developed. Consequently, the listening instructional materials based on standard of content 2006 used in the classes need to be advanced. The researcher used only one try out of the product, second revision in this study was the seventh step of Borg and Gall model operational product revision. This was done based on the result of the try out, and the final product (the production of the new materials). The development used in this study consists of needs survey, developing the materials, experts and teacher's validation, revision, try out, second revision and the final product. The product is found acceptable for the tenth grade students.


The current criminal procedure law stipulates that dismissal cause this has to be true when the dismissal judgement. These regulations should be considered as limited by regulations or rules should be considered as exemplary is the problem. Depends on how you look at the difference in the range of dismissal judgement is encountered to. Therefore, this should be reviewed. Encountered to study the reason for the results referred to in Article 326 are valid reasons to limit. Appeals rejected the verdict abuse the rights of appeals, etc. are encountered to dismissal cause is because the restrictive rules. Therefore, the dismissal causes set forth in Article 326 as a guide only view limited because of regulatory reasons the rights of appeals encountered to abuse, etc. should not be included.


Testicular homogenates from rats of 33 and 110 days of age were incubated with radioactive substrates in the presence of NADPH. The approach used in the present study for the detection of metabolic pathways leading to formation of 5α-reduced C19 steroidsfrom progesterone consisted of the determination of the 3H/14C ratios of compounds following incubation with 4-14C-progesterone and l,2−3H-5α-pregnane-3,2Odione, the quantification of metabolites sequentially formed from l,2−3H-progesterone and the comparison of relative amounts of products formed from l,2−3H-progesterone and l,2−3H-5αpregnane- 3,20-dione. In immature rat testes, the results seem to indicate that, under the in vitro experimental conditions used, 5α-reduced metabolites of 17-hydroxyprogesterone such as 3α,17αdihydroxy- 5α-pregnan-20-one, which are formed from progesterone via 5α-reduced metabolites of progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, are major intermediates in the formation of 5α- reduced C19 steroids such as androsterone and 5α and...


To design processes that effectively use polymer directed self-assembly, we would like to have a complete picture of stable and defective polymer configurations. Field-theoretic simulations are an effective way to gain knowledge about these configurations and predict defect populations: we can easily vary design parameters such as prepattern dimensions, wetting conditions and polymer composition/architecture and observe their effects on pattern formation. We previously showed that an optimized phase field model, a modification of the Ohta-Kawasaki model, is more accurate at predicting domain spacing and defect formation in bulk systems. This accuracy is achieved by a systematic mapping procedure that optimizes parameters in the model using inexpensive, low-dimensional selfconsistent field theory (SCFT) calculations. We now make two improvements to the model. First, we implement a conjugate gradient method, a more efficient numerical solver for phase field models not available to SCFT, and characterize its performance. We find that an optimized phase field model simulation requires one to two orders of magnitude less computation time than an SCFT simulation of the same system. Second, we extend our model to confined templates and demonstrate that the new model does not suffer from the nonphysical behavior found in other phase field models in the presence of confining walls.


ABSTRACT Pilonidal disease, although relatively common, often is not appropriately recognized and treated. This inflammatory condition may be found in several areas on the body; this article reviews disease affecting the gluteal cleft, how to identify the condition, initial treatment, and when to consider surgical intervention for definitive care.


A study was made of the records of 55 patients who had severe shock after myocardial infarction and who were treated with either arterenol or metaraminol bitartrate. A distinct pressor effect was obtained in 42, shock was relieved in 38, and seven-day survival followed in 22. A similar study was made of 11 patients with shock after pulmonary embolism who received the same treatment. A distinct pressor effect was obtained in seven, shock was relieved in five, and seven-day survival followed in three. It is recommended that treatment with arterenol be started promptly after the recognition of shock in either type of patient. The simultaneous use of digitalis products in patients with coexistent congestive heart failure was not found harmful. To prevent local tissue injury, which caused sloughing in three cases, the bottle containing arterenol should be attached to the venoclysis apparatus only after a free flow has been established with a 5% solution of dextrose in water.


Let random variables $X^{\ast}, X$ have discrete distributions on the nonnegative integers and let \begin{eqnarray*} {\bf P}\{X=k\}=c\sum^{\infty}_{j=k}{\bf P}\{X^{\ast}=j\},\qq k=0,1,2,\dots, \end{eqnarray*} with c a proper constant. Repeated summations of this type are investigated. The limit distribution is geometric for a wide class of parent distributions.


In the present work we have studied erythrocyte membrane Na+, K+-ATPase activity in 32 cases with cardiovascular disease, before and efter the K+ Joad assay,by bioluminescence technique. The results show that the erythrocyte membrane Na+, K+-ATPase activity for negative K+ load assay patients, coronary heart plus hypertensive heart disease and serious myocardiac damage are significantly low (p0.05). And the myocardiac function has relation to Na+, K+-ATPase.


AbstractThe impact of ocean–atmosphere coupling and its possible seasonal dependence upon Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model simulations of seven, wintertime cyclone events was investigated. Model simulations were identical aside from the degree of ocean model coupling (static SSTs, 1D mixed layer model, full-physics 3D ocean model). Both 1D and 3D ocean model coupling simulations show that SSTs following the passage of a nor'easter did tend to cool more strongly during the early season (October–December) and were more likely to warm late in the season (February–April). Model simulations produce SST differences of up to 1.14 K, but this change did not lead to significant changes in storm track ( 1) and have low-to-moderate threat scores (0.31–0.59). Analysis of the storm enviro...


Cancer staging is the process of determining the extent of disease. The goals of staging classification are to plan treatment and assess prognosis. Staging classifications are also valuable in evaluating the results of treatment and in improving communications for clinicians and cancer researchers.


Using Cr~(4+):YAG and acousto-optic mode-locker jointly,the fiber coupling LD pumping Nd:YAG laser was actively-passively mode-locked.The output average power of passively mode-locked by Cr~(4+):YAG only,actively mode-locked by acousto-optic mode-locker only and mode-locked by Cr~(4+):YAG and acoustooptic jointly are compared and analyzed.The result shows good resolution to the low output energy and stability,and the mode-lock amplitude and energy fluctuation is less than±6%,with the depth of mode locking of 100%,pulse width less than 410 ps and output average power near 290 mW.


With the deepening of educational reform in our country,the increasing calls of"replace PE by club activities"appears in many universities and more and more Colleges are conducting this pilot project in different degrees and Some achievements were obtained such as giving students the greatest degree of freedom and autonomy and improving the learning interests of the students. Owing to different schools have various situations and diverse test experiences are difficult to promote,this pilot project caught in a vicious circle called"the test is successful but the promotion fails". What's more,relatively loose management and strong randomness of the club,the difficulties to guarantee the safety of the students,students blind obedience,the conflicts of club appraisal system and the choice of interest,the higher compensations of teachers etc are also the factors. Practice shows that: It is not realistic to replace PE by club activities and PE is still appropriate for Chinese students whose constitutions are declining.


Abstract Over the last few years, Japanese investment in the U.S hotel industry has increased significantly. Spurred by favorable tax structuring and interest rates, in 1989, they expended $4. 16 billion on the purchase of hotels and resorts (Kenneth Leventhal & Co., 1989. Barron's 1990), nearly triple the amount spent in 1986. (Most of the capital went to the states of California and Hawaii.) This level of investment has raised interest and concern about potential domination by the Japanese of the U.S lodging and commercial real estate market. This study provides an analysis of Japanese investment in the lodging industry of the United States with respect to 1) the unprecedented growth of Japanese investment 2) the reasons why the United States is preferred by Japanese 3) the unique characteristics of Japanese investors compared to others 4) the present effects and future investment strategies of Japanese investors. The study will also demonstrate the importance of socioeconomic and psychological factors ...


Abstract A ferroelectric capacitor model was derived, and a ferroelectric device library was implemented into SPICE (both PSPICE and HSPICE) simulation tool. With this SPICE model, 1T-1C/2T-2C, or any other ferroelectric circuit, such as FeFET, chain cell, link cell can be simulated accurately and in real-time. Simulations of hysteresis loops, TVS, switching characteristics are shown in this paper.


In this paper, the detailed analysis and performance appraisal of a completely new algorithm based on Stimulated Annealing (SA) technique, a more accurate densely clustered controllable precision based fuzzy logic algorithm and a fast-converging high precision robust algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been presented for MPPT to optimize standalone PV panel operating point even under rapidly and significantly changing weather pattern. The proposed algorithms are as simple as traditional P&O and Hill-climbing algorithm, yet they can successfully encounter the oscillation problem and steady state error problem even under worst case scenario with efficiency more than 99%. The algorithms eliminate hardware complexity and can be implemented using programmable microcontrollers. The performances of these proposed algorithms are compared with a state-of-the-art artificially intelligent algorithm known as Genetic algorithm. Results show that, the proposed algorithms can optimize standalone PV panel operating point more swiftly with better accuracy, minimal steady-state errors, and greater range of parameter flexibility compared to their conventional counterpart. Step by step procedures for practical implementation of the proposed algorithms are included at the later part of this paper. Index Terms —MPPT, maximum power point tracking, Stimulated Annealing, Fuzzy logic, Genetic Algorithm, PSO, GA, particle swarm optimization, Artificial Intelligence, High efficiency, MPPT, artificial intelligence algorithm.


The performance of rotationally restrained steel columns subjected to fire was investigated and has been reported in this article. The experimental study is a part of a major research project performed at the Fire Research Center, University of Ulster in collaboration with the University of Sheffield. Steel frames and half scale steel columns were tested in fire under two values of rotational restraint, 0.18 and 0.93, and one value of axial restraint of approximately 0.29. Each case of rotational restraint was tested under five loading levels, 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. This article includes a comparison with the behavior of a steel column previously tested in fire under axial restraint only. Language: en


The question of whether capitalist economic structures and their characteristic forms of power are compatible with democratic principles has again become a matter of heated debate. In the wake of the 2008 financial and then Eurozone crises, in an era of skyrocketing material inequality and highly concentrated forms of corporate power, critical theorists can no longer presume that Keynesian technocratic administration will successfully manage capitalist crises andeconomic conflicts (Azmanova, 2014; Fraser&Jaeggi, 2018; Jaeggi, 2016;Kim,2014;O'Neill, 2017;Ronzoni, 2018; Streeck, 2014; Thomas, 2016a). In particular, as capitalist societies havemoved from an era of industrial, welfare state capitalism to debt-based growth and consumption (Crouch, 2009; Krippner, 2012; Prasad, 2013; Streeck, 2014), conflicts over the politics of debt, whether at the individual, the national, or, in the case of the Eurozone, the supranational level, have become increasingly important. This article draws together the social and political theory of JürgenHabermas andKarl Polanyi to develop a general framework for critically analyzing this contemporary political situation. Advancing a new interpretation of Polanyi's theory, I contend it can help correct shortcomings in Habermas's theory of capitalism.While Habermas's theory seeks to realize social freedom through law, Polanyi argues for the concrete institutionalization of social freedom through democratic self-organization and collective struggle in the economy. Critical theorists have drawn on Polanyi's empirical categories, like the double movement or marketization (Ebner, 2015; Fraser, 2013, 2014). Here, I here reconstruct the broader theoretical concepts that inform his categories and show that, in fact, Polanyi's thought points to a much more fundamental democratic critique of capitalist structures. Polanyi's theory provides a framework for analyzing the form of current political struggles that could contribute to the democratization of the political organization of capitalism, especially struggles that arise from the politics of credit and debt. Today, there are incipient signs of the sort of political struggles to which Polanyi's theory calls attention— struggles that seek to overcome the separation between democratic politics and core sectors of the economy, such as the banking and financial sector.Movements such as FedUp: TheNational Campaign for a Strong Economy (which calls for a more inclusive American federal reserve system) and the Jubilee Debt Campaign in the UK are incipient forms of political movement to democratize the modern monetary and debt systems. Together, Habermas and Polanyi provide a theoretical perspective for understanding the broader significance of thesemovements for the relationship between democracy and capitalism. The article proceeds as follows. In the first section I examine the limits of Habermas's analysis of capitalism. I show that by narrowing themodern economy to exchangemediated bymoney, Habermas's two-level theory of society limits


The way of taking the Palthi position (sitting with crossed legs) was investigated in a group of 185 righthanded and IS lefthanded subjects. According to the author, the tendencies to place the left leg over the right one or vice versa are associated with the functional asymmetiy of the celebral cortex.


An experiment was conducted at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2016–17. The study was carried out in split-plot design having three dates of sowing (5 June, 21 June and 10 July) in main plot, and spacing (15 cm × 15 cm; 30 cm × 15 cm and 45 cm × 15 cm) in sub-plots with four replications. Results indicated that pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] sowing on 5 June and 21 June recorded significantly (P>0.05) higher no. of pods/plant in 2016–17. Pigeonpea sowing on 5 June and 21 June recorded higher seed and stalk yield followed by 10 July. Pigeonpea sowing on 5 June recorded higher gross and net returns (86.75 and 54.75 × 103 `/ha, respectively). At flowering stage, leaf litter and root volume were recorded highest with the plant spacing at 45 cm × 15 cm (3.5 kg/ha and 2.85, respectively) in both years. Plant spacing at 45 cm × 15 cm recorded higher seed, stalk and biological yield followed by plant spacing at 35 cm × 15 cm and 15 cm × 15 cm. The gross returns and net returns were recorded higher with plant spacing at 45 cm × 15 cm (89 and 59 × 103 `/ha, respectively). Overall, it can be concluded that pusa arhar-16 can be sown from 5–21 June with plant spacing at 45 cm × 15 cm without any yield penalty in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India.


PURPOSE: To provide a container in which a predetermined amount of aerosol, which is pharmaceutically active is supplied into the container under a state of suspension containing at least one kind of pharmaceutically active injection gas in addition to the pharmaceutically active substance and a large amount of pharmaceutically active substances can be used without adhering to the inner wall of the container. CONSTITUTION: The inner wall of a container is covered with a plastic coating film. Injection gas is an injection gas which does not contain fluorochlorohydrocarbon and preferably the injection gas contains only fluorohydrocarbon, and preferably, this injection gas is injection gas also contains an auxiliary solvent and/or a surface-active agent. A large amount of active substances will not adhere to the inner wall of the container of a container, while ozone layer will not be damaged or broken by the injection gas.


Disclosed is a Low Profile Perfusion Catheter, for use in coronary angioplasty applications. Preferably, the catheter is provided with an inflatable dilatation balloon, and a perfusion lumen extending therethrough. The diameter of the perfusion lumen is enlargable from a first, reduced diameter to a second, enlarged diameter. In one embodiment, an axially movable tubular support is movable within the lumen from a proximal, insertion position to a distal perfusion position. In another embodiment, the support is radially expandable. In a further embodiment, a porus drug delivery balloon is provided.


With the continuous growth of semiconductor technologies, the design of high-speed circuits is a need of the hour. Current Mode Logic (CML), a derivation from Emitter Coupled Logic (ECL) is such an approach with concerns present to be improvised. Targeting that, we have come up with a new design of dynamic CML to structure a power efficient D-Flipflop. The simulations are carried out for 90nm CMOS using Synopsys H-Spice platform at a supply voltage and operating frequency of 1.2V and 10GHz respectively. The device footprint reads an area requirement of 108.624 µm2 (16.045µm × 6.77µm). This design is noted to dissipate a very low power of 219.05uW and delay of as small as 31.30ps when driven with aperiodic data of 2.5GHz.


Raman light scattering with excitation of electron-hole continuum and a phonon is investigated theoretically. The effect of a surface and screening of the electron-photon coupling and of the deformation potential as a result of the Coulomb interaction of the electrons is taken into account. The parameters of the 340 cm-1 resonance line in superconducting YBaCuO are estimated by comparing with experimental data.


We consider a binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) described by a system of two-dimensional (2D) Gross-Pitaevskii equations with the harmonic-oscillator trapping potential. The intraspecies interactions are attractive, while the interaction between the species may have either sign. The same model applies to the copropagation of bimodal beams in photonic-crystal fibers. We consider a family of trapped hidden-vorticity (HV) modes in the form of bound states of two components with opposite vorticities S{sub 1,2}={+-}1, the total angular momentum being zero. A challenging problem is the stability of the HV modes. By means of a linear-stability analysis and direct simulations, stability domains are identified in a relevant parameter plane. In direct simulations, stable HV modes feature robustness against large perturbations, while unstable ones split into fragments whose number is identical to the azimuthal index of the fastest growing perturbation eigenmode. Conditions allowing for the creation of the HV modes in the experiment are discussed too. For comparison, a similar but simpler problem is studied in an analytical form, viz., the modulational instability of an HV state in a one-dimensional (1D) system with periodic boundary conditions (this system models a counterflow in a binary BEC mixture loaded into a toroidal trap or a bimodalmore » optical beam coupled into a cylindrical shell). We demonstrate that the stabilization of the 1D HV modes is impossible, which stresses the significance of the stabilization of the HV modes in the 2D setting.« less


Coding accuracy is difficult enough with inconsistent and incomplete medical records adding to the challenge. But since the HCFA implementation of DRGs in 1983 to determine Medicare payments, coding has taken on an ethical dimension. In this article Leslie Ann Fox discusses the causes underlying this dilemma and proposes some solutions.


Based on the results from site test of noise on open-graded friction courses(OGFC) pavement with crumb rubber modified asphalt pavement and dense-graded pavement through the sound level meter under the conditions of different types of vehicles,vehicle speed,and vehicle condition,it has been shown that the maximum noise reduction of OGFC pavement is up to 8.9 dB in contrast with dense-graded pavement.At the same time,the coefficient of absorption for both pavement samples were measured with the standing wave tube method for two different conditions of pavement thickness,and the OGFC pavement can reach the maximum reduction in noise in thickness of 40mm,and it has better noise reduction features as a good low-noise road surface.


The report looks at the national indicator for hospital admissions for alcohol related harm (NI39) in more detail for the East Midlands. It also looks at links with deprivation, breakdown of admissions by sex, age and cause, re-admissions, elective versus non-elective admissions, zero bed days and day of the week of admissions. It also uses People 2 Places segmentation tool to examine which segmentation groups are most likely to be admitted to hospital for alcohol related harm, and to provide areas with information to target social marketing interventions.


The model of involutes spur gear was built with Pro/E software in this paper.Then the bending stress at the tooth root was analyzed with finite element analysis software ANSYS.The contour distribution of bending stress was obtained and compared with the theoretic results.The result showed that through establishing reasonable model and setting reasonable boundary conditions,ANSYS software can accomplish the numerical simulation accurately.


The utility model discloses a surface decorative film which can be attached to a shell of a household appliance. The surface decorative film comprises a base film, a transparent film, a UV (Ultraviolet) layer and a pattern layer, wherein the transparent film is arranged outside the base film; a three-dimensional grating is formed outside the transparent film; the UV layer is used for performing UV treatment on the outer surface of the transparent film with the three-dimensional grating; and the pattern layer is located between the transparent film and the base film. By using the surface decorative film, a surface decorative plate of the household appliance product is endowed with a 3D effect; the pattern is more vivid; the product is full of aesthetic feeling; the visibility is strong; and the demand of high-class customers is met. Besides, the surface decorative film has the function of preventing rust, pollution and corrosion.


Abstract. The Wadden Sea is a coastal system along the fringe of the land–sea
borders of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. The Wadden Sea is
extremely productive and influenced by strong variations in physical and
biological forcing factors that act on timescales of hours to seasons.
Productive coastal seas are known to dominate the ocean's methane emission
to the atmosphere, but knowledge of controls and temporal variations in methane dynamics in these vastly dynamic systems is scarce. Here we address
this knowledge gap by measuring methane inventories and methanotrophic
activity at a temporal resolution of 1 h over a period of 2 d,
repeatedly during four successive seasons in the central Dutch Wadden Sea.
We found that methane dynamics varied between colder and warmer seasons,
with generally higher water column methane concentrations and methanotrophic
activity in the warmer seasons. The efflux of methane to the atmosphere was, on
the other hand, lower in the warmer seasons because of lower wind speeds. On
a diel scale, tides controlled methanotrophic activity, which increased
∼40 % at low tide compared to high tide. We estimate that
methane oxidizing bacteria reduce the methane budget of the Dutch Wadden Sea
by only 2 %, while ∼1/3 escapes to the atmosphere and
∼2/3 are flushed out into the open North Sea at ebb tide. Our
findings indicate that tides play a key role in controlling methane dynamics
and methanotrophic activity and highlight the importance of high-resolution
and repeated sampling strategies to resolve methane dynamics in
fast-changing coastal systems.


Human influenza A viruses do not spread in the bird population and vice versa. The viral component involved in keeping influenza A viruses of these two independently evolving reservoirs apart is the n


Based on systematic summarizing and combing the academic connotation of Zhou Enlai′s spirit this paper believes that Zhou Enlai′s spirit is the inevitable product of traditional Chinese culture and national spirit into the modern times,which is an example of contemporary national spirit.Based on the view of power,the concept of anti-corruption,the view of the style of work,the view of talent and morality,the paper analyzes its value of the times.From the aspect of the construction of the socialist core value system,strengthening the Party members and cadres′s consciousness of public service,promoting the construction of the Party conduct and building an honest and clean government and improving the social morality,the paper analyses the contemporary enlightenment of Zhou Enlai′s spirit.


As an important component part of Chinese traditional culture,tea culture still has important cultural and social values in modern society.But the social environment embodied in the tea culture has been greatly changed,a brand new tea culture should be constructed according to the requirements of new society,the new tea culture should not only inherit its original cultural content,but also absorb new modern content,and it needs to be broadcasted through diverse channels to carry forward our Chinese culture.


The relationship between the mean square error(MSE) of estimation and the general power spectral of channels is discussed here.Deduce the expression of MSE function including variant important channel parameters,among which some ones affect the estimate performance significantly,such as the Rice factor,the spread of the angle of arrival and so on.Then,the system performance criteria associated with the estimate error function is analyzed and the impacts of these channel parameters on the channel estimation and the system performances are explored.The thresholds of channel signal-to-noise ratio(CSNR) in ACM systems are also influenced by MSE.This affection is also investigated here under different propagation conditions.


We demonstrate cascade manipulation between magic number gold-fullerene hybrid clusters by channelling thermal energy into a specific reaction pathway with a trigger from the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). The (C60)m-Aun clusters, formed via self-assembly on the Au(111) surface, consist of n Au atoms and m C60 molecules; the three smallest stable clusters are (C60)7-Au19, (C60)10-Au35, and (C60)12-Au49. The manipulation cascade was initiated by driving the STM tip into the cluster followed by tip retraction. Temporary, partial fragmentation of the cluster was followed by reorganization. Self-selection of the correct numbers of Au atoms and C60 molecules led to the formation of the next magic number cluster. This cascade manipulation is efficient and facile with an extremely high selectivity. It offers a way to perform on-surface tailoring of atomic and molecular clusters by harnessing thermal energy, which is known as the principal enemy of the quest to achieve ultimate structural control with the STM.


his 'politics of knowledge' ; a perspective that, as the writers maintain, runs through Foucault's oeuvre and culminates in his notion of the strategic relations between power and knowledge. That is, his entire production is an attempt to cope with the power/knowledge relationship, which becomes some sort of a Freudian Urszene controlling the economy of his writing. It is not, of course, a relationship fixed in time or place, but consists of incessantly moving forces which only constitute this 'urszene' as false recognition. Foucault's Blik includes no account of Foucault's life, his background, or of the reception history of his books; nor does it introduce the reader to what are called Foucault's main works: The History of Sexuality, Discipline and Punish, The Archeology of Knowledge, The Order of Things, and The History of Madness. Instead, it presents a more 'Nietzschean' or more genealogical Foucault or as the writers say, a more philosophical Foucault. The philosophical Foucault wants to sacrifice the knowing subject in 'the injustice proper to the will of knowledge'. It is important that Foucault be treated as a philosopher, because he gives philosophy a new praxis, which the authors call discourse analysis. Discourse analysis is by nature instrumental and makes philosophy truly analytical. In a sense this is true. Foucault is very patient and extremely careful in elaborating his concepts, which he then uses as tools in uncovering all false origins of history. he is like an engineer working in the field of human sciences ... perhaps the ideal genealogist, the future philosopher that Nietzsche envisaged in his famous chapter 'Something for the Industnous' in Gay Science. So by making philosophy truly analytical, truly scientific, Foucault saves philosophy. From now on it is no longer


Evidence of Iran's involvement in Iraq has mounted in recent years. The military assistance Iran supplies the Shiite militias in Iraq in the form of financing, training, and armaments, primarily through the Revolutionary Guards Quds Force, has drawn most of the attention. At the same time, Iranian involvement in Iraq has assumed several nonmilitary dimensions, whereby Iran is seeking to forge a state with Shiite dominance sharing Iran's interests, a state that would not threaten Iran's standing in the region and would be as free of American influence as possible. This essay seeks to examine the nature of this involvement and the motivation behind it, as well as its limits and potential ramifications. Iran shares its longest land border, some 1,500 km, with Iraq, and is keenly interested in the old/new state-in-the-making. It seeks to nurture the large Shiite stronghold (while weakening the Sunni identity) in southern Iraq, which controls the strategic access to the Gulf and about half of all Iraqi oil reserves. As early as 2007, Ahmadinejad announced that "Iran is prepared to fill the vacuum left by the Americans retreating from Iraq," 1 and indeed, Iranian involvement in Iraq is motivated by what Iran views as its natural sphere of influence. It is fed by concern about the future nature of an Iraqi state, Tehran's ambitions for regional hegemony, and the understanding that Iraq is an important component in attaining that hegemony. Until the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime, Iraq was Iran's primary rival for control of the region; at least for the foreseeable future, the military balance of power clearly favors Iran. Iran is also seeking to maintain the not inconsiderable gains it has made (largely courtesy of the US) with the weakening of the Iraqi state and the


F ilm bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs) have emerged as an important new technology for realization of GHz filter components. Two different technologies are commonly used: bridge-type and mirror-type resonator layer stacks. Both resonator configurations are susceptible to unwanted lateral modes beside the main resonance. Filters composed of FBARs, e.g. bandpass ladder-type filters, suffer from those spurious modes: they show a higher insertion loss, a lower bandwidth and several ripples in their passbands. Therefore, a practical method is needed to suppress spurious modes in FBARs. In the past, using membrane-type resonators with non-parallel edges of the active area (apodization) has been successfully applied to suppress lateral spurious modes. In contrast, for mirror-type FBARs the focus has been on mode suppression by means of a lateral edge design (frame-like resonators). In this paper we investigate in detail, if apodization works for acoustically more complicated mirror-type FBARs. We have processed a lot of eight 200-mm-wafers using a special test reticle set comprising resonators and filters with both distinct shapes of the active area, lateral edge design as well as combinations thereof. Our measurement results clearly single out optimum electrode shapes for apodization, but also manifest the superior performance of the lateral edge design. I. INTRODUCTION


The way in which the Roman army, as a major factor contributing to relative mobility of individuals within the Roman Empire, may be thought of as a driver behind the diffusion and general dynamic of Roman poetry and song, has not sufficiently been explored. Similarly, regionalized approaches to poetry and song as a cultural practice, subject to local, ethnic, social, and cultural variation and change, have not yet been pursued in a research context in which Roman poetry has largely remained a domain of study in upper-class entertainment and intertextuality. Not only is the common approach at odds with a methodology that has long, and successfully, been adopted otherwise in historical and linguistic research: it also excludes the vast majority of surviving poems from the Roman world, the Carmina Latina Epigraphica, from consideration – a body of texts that provides us with information about a cultural practice that, subject to substantial regional variation, literary poets stylized and drove to its artistic extremes.


The focal issue of the present paper is the conventional periphrasis as an object of contrastive research. Such expressions may have different cross-linguistic equivalents, including full, partial, parallel and zero counterparts. The present paper aims to discuss Polish periphrastic expressions and their Croatian equivalents in order to determine and analyze the relations between the units in question. The Polish units (165) are lexicographically attested, while their Croatian counterparts have been determined on the basis of dictionaries, corpora and interviews with native speakers of the Croatian language. The conventional periphrasis have not been researched from this perspective and the results may be useful for Polish-Croatian lexicography. The study shows that zero equivalents constitute the biggest group (91), followed by full equivalents (61) with significantly less numerous groups of partial and parallel counterparts (respectively: 5 and 8).


....................................................................................................... ii Problem Statement..........................................................................................iv Acknowledgment.............................................................................................v List of Tables and Figures..................................................................................vi Chapter 1: Introduction.....................................................................................1 References................................................................................................11 Chapter 2: Can dual task walking improve in Parkinson's disease after external focus of attention exercise? A single blind randomized controlled trial ....................................20 Abstract.................................................................................................... 20 Introduction...............................................................................................22 Methods...................................................................................................25 Participants...................................................................................................................................25 Study Design and Exercise Intervention............................................................................26 Evaluation at Pre Post and Washout Assessments...............................................................32 Data and Statistica Analysis..........................................................................................34 Part A: Pre and Post Assessment......................................................................... 34 Participant Demographics....................................................................... 34 Single and dual tasking data and statistical analysis........................................35 Motor symptom severity data and statistical analysis......................................36 Secondary Outcome Measures..................................................................36 Part B: Pre, Post, and Washout Assessments...........................................................36 Participant Demographics........................................................................36 Single and dual tasking data and statistical analysis........................................37 Motor symptom severity data and statistical analysis......................................37 Secondary Outcome Measures..................................................................37................................................................................................... 20 Introduction...............................................................................................22 Methods...................................................................................................25 Participants...................................................................................................................................25 Study Design and Exercise Intervention............................................................................26 Evaluation at Pre Post and Washout Assessments...............................................................32 Data and Statistica Analysis..........................................................................................34 Part A: Pre and Post Assessment......................................................................... 34 Participant Demographics....................................................................... 34 Single and dual tasking data and statistical analysis........................................35 Motor symptom severity data and statistical analysis......................................36 Secondary Outcome Measures..................................................................36 Part B: Pre, Post, and Washout Assessments...........................................................36 Participant Demographics........................................................................36 Single and dual tasking data and statistical analysis........................................37 Motor symptom severity data and statistical analysis......................................37 Secondary Outcome Measures..................................................................37 Results......................................................................................................38 Part A: Pre and Post Assessment.....................................................................................38 Participant Demographics..................................................................................38 Influence of the intervention on single and dual tasking.............................................39


Abstract- The progress of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 requires that learning systems in schools must be developed by considering the supply chain. Since June 2006 the Tebuireng Islamic Boarding School has been developing an education system based on the supply chain strategy. In this development, the Tebuireng Islamic Boarding School begins with a religious-based education or theology that prioritizes manners in supply chain. In this case, we analyzed learning success factors based on Law Auguste Comte as the objective in this study. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between anticipation ability, supply chain, ability to accommodate and integration of education system with the mediation effect of self-organizing skills . In addition, a collaboration of 3 countries was also carried out to seek integration of schools in developed countries such as Japan and Turkey as a reinforcing factor for the success of the education system for the millennial generation in socializing. The results of the study provide very strong information and compatibility in the success of student learning, attitudes, and behavior as a millennial generation in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. The most dominant success factor in learning success based on the results of school integration in Japan, Turkey, and the TebuirengPesantren is the respect for others based on the formation of good characters, such as tolerance, respect, polite in speaking, and polite in acting. Besides, learning models such as Innovative learning are the most suitable models in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0, because at this time almost all learning is based on the Internet of Things (IoT) as a very good learning media.KemajuanScience, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) pada Era RevolusiIndustri 4.0.


Nowadays, there exist financing problems of technical industr y in university such key factors as the insufficient support of university, the lo wer level of financing marketization, the imperfect financing- support system a nd poor standardization of risk investment. As a result the financing obstacle o f technical industry in university can be cleared up, the technical industry can be developed more quickly, the technical results of university can be transform ed and industrialized by adopting the multiple financing system of technical ind ustry in university, absorbing the risk investment of technical industry in univ ersity at home and abroad, directly financing in Sino and foreign capital market , cultivating efficient pioneering teamwork and risk investors.


Aggressive Angiomyxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumour which is locally invasive most commonly occurring in women of reproductive age group with high chance of recurrence. This paper reports a case of 46 year old female with right vulvar swelling and 35 year old female with mass descending per vaginum both of these patients underwent surgical excision and histopathology reported as aggressive angiomyxoma. In view of high chance for recurrence patient is being followed up every 6 months.


This paper is concerned with the threedimensional numerical analysis of turbulent flows around submerged spurdikes. Finite volume method is employed to discretize the governing equations. A nonlinear ke model proposed by Shih et al. and a linear ke model modified by ZhuShih are applied to two cases of flow around spurdikes. The comparison with measured data shows that the nonlinear ke model reproduces the mean velocity field better than the modified linear ke model. The reason of the superiority of the nonlinear model is discussed.


ABSTRACT We examine two types of political connections on trade credit of Pakistani firms over 2009–2015; parliamentarian connections are divided into the senate, national assembly, and provincial level, while bureaucrat connections cover civil and military officers and individuals working on government committees. We documented evidence that parliamentarian connections have significant preferential access to trade credit while bureaucratic political connections decrease the firm's access to trade credit. These findings are more pronounced in the presence of CEO political connection. Our results stay robust using alternative proxies and accounting for endogeneity and time-invariant concerns. Additional analysis reveals that politically connected firms with higher leverage and low market power use more trade credit. Moreover, low economic developed regions decrease the benefits of political connections to access trade credit.


The sixteen essays in this collection discuss the direct and indirect impact of the British Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade (1807) on labor relations in the Americas, Africa and South East Asia.


A method for preparing a ceramic phase multi-component composite preform, prepared from a slurry, prepared by mixing materials, dehydration of the blank, the firing steps. In the present invention, the ratio of raw materials, using whiskers micron and nanoparticles as reinforcing phase, completion of fabrication of the composite preform. So that the application in the production of the subsequent composite material may be added by a rational process into the matrix alloy, improving the organizational structure of the original matrix of the alloy, so that the original properties of the alloy matrix is radically improved, to cast iron or steel in a some particularity. The method has a low cost, high efficiency, simple and suitable for industrial mass production processes.


There are many related evidence association between mental speed and intelligence as well as between intelligence and mortality. Thus, reaction time as the stronger indicator of age-related changes in brain functions may be non invasive alternative tool for regular evaluation of health status in older peoples. We hypothesized negative correlations between reaction time (RT) in a variety of information selection situations both IQ and self-reported mental health.
The study included 42 healthy women (19 years) (YG) and 49 senior women (65 years) (OG). RTs were measured using the Attention Network Test (ANT) and a 2-choice reaction time test (CRT). Verbal/figural intelligence (IQv and IQf) and Quality of Life (QoL) were assessed using the Amthauer subtests and the 36-Item Health Survey, correspondingly.
The RTs in experimental tasks were significantly shortened in YG when compared with OG, and two of eight QoL scales were significantly lower in OG vs.YG. Simple RT was inversely related to the 'mental health' component of QoL only in YG whereas in OG this component negatively correlated with complex RT in the ANT and physical components negatively correlated with processing speed of alertness system but positively with functions of orientation system. IQ was inversely related to the RTs in both groups. Also OG was characterized by negative relationship between IQf and standard deviation of RTs.
Obtained results support the concept that high mental speed and its intra-individual invariability are associated with high-quality of life in aging.
This work was supported by a grant of the RFHR № 15-06-00052.


It is closely related between the performance of clustering algorithms and the structure of data sets.No methods were good enough for all types of data,nor were all methods equally applicable to all problems,and were short of reasonable interpretation to data structure.And systematic researched the clustering tendency,which was one of key problem about clustering analysis.This paper discussed it based on statistic tests,visual analysis and so on,and proved that it could present reasonable and effective analysis tools for unsupervised clustering analysis of data sets.


Objective To establish the expression of membrane-bound HLA-G1-G4 isoforms in choriocarcinoma cell line JAR and to investigate its roles in NK cytotoxicity in vitro. Methods Stable expression of HLA-G1, -G2, -G3 and -G4 in JAR cells was established by gene cloning and transfection.HLA-Gtranscripts and protein expression in the transfected JAR cells was tested by RT-PCR, flow cytometry, Western blot and immunocytochemistry, respectively. High-affinity peptide KIPAQFYIL pulsing was performed to evaluate its effects on HLA-G expression. Effects of HLA-G1-G4 isoforms on NK cytotoxicity was performed with lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) releasing method. Results RT-PCR, Western blot and immunocytochemistry results showed that exogenous HLA-G1-G4 gene were successfully transfected and proteins were stably expressed in the HLA-G negative JAR cells; Flow cytometry data showed that only HLAG1, but not HLA-G2-G4 isoform was detectable in those transfected JAR cells and the peptide pulsing did not affect their expression status. However, all HLA-G1-G4 isoform expressed JAR cells could significantly decreased the NK cell cytotoxicity (P<0.05). Conclusion HLA-G1-G4 isoform expression could dramatically inhibit NK-92 cell lysis, indicating that membrane-bound HLA-G isoforms are importantly immunotolerant and may play immune regulation roles in various physio-pathological situations.

Key words:
HLA-G;  Isoforms;  Transfection;  Cytotoxicity


The present invention relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are an image noise reduction method and device thereof, the method comprising: a photographing step, for photographing the same scene by using a plurality of cameras to obtain a plurality of first RAW images; a noise reduction step, for comparing pixel points of the plurality of first RAW images at the same photographing position, preserving a plurality of standard pixel points in the pixel points at the same photographing position, and removing the pixel points not belonging to the standard pixel points to obtain a plurality of second RAW images; and a recombination step, for combining the plurality of second RAW images into a third RAW image, thus improving the effect of image noise reduction.


Teamwork is integral to any computer science curriculum because it provides students with experiences that mirror the industry. Some students are resistant to working in teams because of the perceived inequities. Assessing individual participation and team dynamics can provide faculty with valuable information to design and deploy interventions to improve students' teamwork skills and help dysfunctional teams. This work looks at the team harmony experience of pairs in a large (300 person) third-year Software Engineering class in a North American research-intensive university. For the last seven semesters, we asked students to regularly report their sense of equity relating to their contributions to group discussions, influence over task assignments, and overall contributions to their course project development. Based on our analyses, four periods emerged: prior to COVID-19, during the transitional period as restrictions were applied due to the pandemic, during COVID-19, and after the acute COVID-19 period ended and restrictions were lifted. Overall, we saw that students experienced a decrease in team harmony during the transition to lockdown and that harmony recovered in subsequent semesters, with some measures gradually trending worse over time in the post-pandemic period (once the restrictions were lifted).


AbstrcatCurrently many efforts are undertaken to schedule satellite ground stations system or TTC system. In fact, there are some scheduling problems for communications satellite itself. Along with the development of space communication and command control tasks, communications satellite should have the capability of on-board disposal and switching. This paper mostly studies the scheduling problem about satellite communications system disposal on-board. At present, the most common satellite communications system is known as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). The paper describes the scheduling problem of TDMA satellite communications system and brings forward the optimal algorithm. The scheduling problem of satellite communications disposal on-board is matching of the binary graph in essential. The optimal algorithm and matching methods are applied and validated based on an idiographic example.


This paper adopted the incremental conductance method and introduced the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller to eliminate the oscillation of PV power at the maximum power point and achieved a better tracking effect of power based on the chip of TMS320LF2407A.The practice results prove that it can basically eliminate the oscillation of the output power of photovolatic cells at the maxinun power point,improve the efficiency and reduce the fluctuation.


I HAVE the honor to inform you that, on the 25th of October last, I began to conduct in person a series of experiments, intended to devise means for escaping certain difficulties which had hitherto prevented the successful preparation of PLoto-micrographs of specimens, selected from the valuable and daily increasing series of permanently mounted microscopic sections of normal and pathological tissues, which form so interesting a portion of the treasures of the Museum. In these experiments I used the sun as a source of illumination, and, following the process which I have described in full elsewhere,:!: I had no difficulty in arranging a method, by the aid of which this class of objects could be photographed quite as successfully and readily as the diatoms and other test objects which had previously been so satisfactorily reproduced in this section of the Museum. I shall take occasion in the course of a few days to lay before you


The theoretical literature of interstate conflict is dominated by two conceptual models, classical deterrence theory and the spiral model. The fundamental tenet of classical deterrence theory is that credible and capable threats can prevent the initiation, and contain the escalation, of conflict. By contrast, proponents of the spiral model claim that the prescriptions associated with deterrence theory frequently lead to vicious cycles of reciprocated conflict. According to Jervis `both sets of theorists fail to discuss the conditions under which their theories will not apply'. In this article we do just that, identifying and comparing the conditions associated with conflict spirals and with crisis stability, in the context of a game-theoretic escalation model with incomplete information. For the special case in which a challenger is likely willing to endure an all-out conflict, our analysis indicates that the conditions associated with successful deterrence, limited conflict, and escalated conflict are mutually exclusive.


Mixed Reality (MR) headsets have the potential to revolutionize the way we work, learn, communicate, and get entertained. The main pillars for MR development are wearable, visual and social comfort, as well as immersion experience. Do these pillars intersect the specific needs of medical imaging and surgical guidance applications? We will review the various challenges to implement MR hardware specifically adapted to such tasks with today's start of the art MR headset technology.


The invention relates to a prosthesis shaft with a. a proximal insertion opening (3) and an a stump at least partially surrounding the inner periphery b. at least one connecting device (4) for a prosthetic component, which is attachable to the prosthesis shaft, c. at least one actuator, through which the inner circumference of the prosthesis shaft can be varied, d. at least one sensor (30 to 35), which is coupled to a control device (40), wherein said control means (40) is connected to the actuator and activates in response to the received sensor signals or disabled, and a method of adjustment of the inner circumference.


Case-based reasoning (CBR), a problem-solving method that effectively draws the proper solutions to new issues by appropriately altering the solutions based on similar past problem-solving cases when new issues are presented, is widely used in daily life as it is very similar to humans' problem-solving process. This research was conducted to design a system in which the most proper strategy will be used in the current battle situation based on similar past cases, by applying CBR to the combat strategy system. In such system, when the squad members gather to conduct a military operation on a squad scale, the squad members will act according to the designated plan, to achieve the final goal. This process should consist of military tactics for actions such as attack, ambush, and strategic maneuvers. In other words, new strategies are necessary according to the attendant circumstances, such as the location of the shelters and enemies, and such strategies can be generated based on the learning acquired by the squad or platoon commanders from military manuals, and on their accumulated experiences. In this paper, a combat strategy generation system using CBR is proposed, in which the most appropriate similar cases stored in a case database (DB) was retrieved and applied after proper modification to the current situation. Simulated is followed by implementing the proposed system.


In this paper, we examine the alternation between pre-modi fi ed and post-modi fi ed nominals, such as aspirin synthesis as opposed to synthesis of aspirin . This type of alternation has been previously explained in terms of rhetorical function (whether the item is 'given' as opposed to 'new'), and phraseology (whether the item is seen as a 'packed' lexicalised term, or an 'unpacked' expanded nominal). In this paper, we suggest that other factors may also be involved, and we examine four speci fi c cases from two di ff erent varieties of scienti fi c English (Scienti fi c Research Articles vs. Science Forums). Here we investigate the underlying constraints that govern this alternation, and we try to establish whether there is a preference for writers to 'unpack' nominal groups early on in a text and then to 're-pack' them later on. Overall, we suggest a number of parameters that may explain the choice of one structure over another. Finally, and more generally, we show that this grammatical variation is a particularly productive resource in English nominal groups, and as such contributes to the rhetorical and cognitive construction of scienti fi c demonstration in particular and scienti fi c discourse more generally.