(57) Abstract: a transmitter as a mobile device in the mobile telecommunications system - to a receiver, one or more control stations and diversity system for exchanging communication signals, such as a base station or satellite. According to an exemplary embodiment of the diversity system, mobile device, while scanning the control channels of the second satellite during the idle time slots to communicate with the first satellite during active time slots. Once the mobile device detects the control channel from the second satellite, the mobile apparatus stores synchronization information, and, if shadowing or other severe fading through the communication link established with the first satellite due if dropping the signal quality under the threshold, it establishes a communication link with the second satellite. This diversity scheme also causes the mobile device, shift using the TDMA frame, to communicate simultaneously with two satellite. .Field


THE discovery of America afforded the European nations vast opportunities for conquest and colonization, but two great powers among them, Spain and England, were foremost in taking up this challenge. Although both nations apparently had a similar background ofwestern culture, it must be remembered that their systems ofcolonization were rooted in different religious and political philosophies, and that the state of medical science in those two countries varied according to their political development. Historical analysis seems to indicate that the transfer of European medicine into America during the centuries of colonial administration was influenced more by religious and political factors than by the advanced level of medicine in the colonizing power, and, furthermore, that until the end of the eighteenth century, medicine in America depended almost entirely on European initiative, although it was adapted to the peculiar circumstances of the area.


Objective: To investigate the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the perioperative period of lung transplantation, and summarize the experience. Methods: The clinical data of 19 patients receiving lung transplantation operation in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into groups according to whether ECMO support was used, and their clinical data were compared. Results: Among the 19 patients, there were 5 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 3 cases of bronchiectasis, 4 cases of pneumoconiosis, 4 cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 1 case of connective tissue disease interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, 1 case of Kartagener syndrome, and 1 case of COVID-19 with advanced pulmonary fibrosis. Among the 10 patients in the non-ECMO group, 1 died during the operation, 1 died after abandoning treatment, and 1 was discharged after abandoning treatment. There were 9 patients in the ECMO group, 2 patients received ECMO bridged treatment before surgery, and the remaining 7 patients received ECMO adjuvant treatment after anesthesia. In the ECMO group, 1 patient died, 1 patient was discharged after abandoning treatment, and the rest patients were all improved and discharged after successful weaning of ECMO. The two groups only differed in the way of preoperative respiratory support (P=0.033). There were no significant differences in gender, age, preoperative assessment, surgical process, length of hospital stay, ICU stay, postoperative multi-drug resistant organism infection, and outcome. Conclusion: ECMO is an important auxiliary tool during the perioperative period of lung transplantation. The use of ECMO did not increase the risk of postoperative infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria, nor did it lead to an increase in mortality. In the other hand, the choice of preoperative respiratory support method has reference for perioperative patients whether to use ECMO. © 2021, Editorial Board of Medical Journal of Wuhan University. All right reserved.


An overview of the HyPerComp, Inc. CAD2Mesh surface and volume mesh generator is given. The software has been developed under industry and government funding for CEM solvers and provides CAD creation, manipulation, and repair capabilities. New features for performing adaptive meshing, generating higher-order meshes, and converting facet geometries to parametric surfaces are introduced.


A low cost, highly reliable CSP (Chip Size Package) named T-G/sup 2/BGA (tape gold-gold gang bond BGA), has been developed for compact, and light memory devices' package. T-G/sup 2/BGA has a structure that connects a chip and an interposer using gold-gold interconnection technology, which uses thermo-compression flip chip bonding. We studied the ways to interconnect gold stud bumps on chip and gold plated pads on tape metallurgically and succeeded in realizing a highly reliable package. T-G/sup 2/BGA can realize fan-in type, real chip size, package, and fan-out type package. For the fan-out type, sidefill resin or support ring is formed on overhang tape for solder ball coplanarity. Using TEG (test element group) samples, we selected the most suitable materials and optimized flip chip bonding conditions. Consequently, 60 pin fan-in type package was fabricated under optimized conditions using selected materials and memory device, and good reliability test results were obtained. On the other hand, 60 pin fan-out type package was fabricated with optimized sidefill resin, which showed good solder ball coplanarity and solder joint reliability. The gold stud bumps and gold pads interconnection technology is considered to be low cost, highly reliable and more suitable for CSP.


In this study we have examined the effect of prolonged endurance training program on the pulmonary oxygen uptake (V'O2) kinetics during heavy-intensity cycling-exercise and its impact on maximal cycling and running performance. Twelve healthy, physically active men (mean±SD: age 22.33±1.44 years, V'O2peak 3198±458 mL ∙ min-1) performed an endurance training composed mainly of moderate-intensity cycling, lasting 20 weeks. Training resulted in a decrease (by ~5%, P = 0.027) in V'O2 during prior low-intensity exercise (20 W) and in shortening of τp of the V'O2 on-kinetics (30.1±5.9 s vs. 25.4±1.5 s, P = 0.007) during subsequent heavy-intensity cycling. This was accompanied by a decrease of the slow component of V'O2 on-kinetics by 49% (P = 0.001) and a decrease in the end-exercise V'O2 by ~5% (P = 0.005). An increase (P = 0.02) in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 mRNA level and a tendency (P = 0.06) to higher capillary-to-fiber ratio in the vastus lateralis muscle were found after training (n = 11). No significant effect of training on the V'O2peak was found (P = 0.12). However, the power output reached at the lactate threshold increased by 19% (P = 0.01). The power output obtained at the V'O2peak increased by 14% (P = 0.003) and the time of 1,500-m performance decreased by 5% (P = 0.001). Computer modeling of the skeletal muscle bioenergetic system suggests that the training-induced decrease in the slow component of V'O2 on-kinetics found in the present study is mainly caused by two factors: an intensification of the each-step activation (ESA) of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes after training and decrease in the ''additional" ATP usage rising gradually during heavy-intensity exercise.


Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) is a nonlinear, optical mixing technique that is being successfully applied as a diagnostic tool in a number of different fields. CARS is particularly well suited for combustion diagnostics because its coherence and high conversion efficiency make it capable of probing the high interference environments characteristic of practical devices. Because N2 is the dominant constituent of air-fed combustion, it has received the most attention for CARS thermometry. The usefulness of CARS has been demonstrated by N2 temperature measurements in a highly sooting diffusion flame, an internal combustion engine, and in liquid-fueled combustors. Single pulse CARS spectra have also been obtained successfully in combustion environments.


In order to release the problems of the abandoned drilling mud discharging and treatment,the paper had a study on the preparation of the surface pre-grouting grout with the abandoned drilling mud.With the sticky reduction and modification treatment of the prepared mud,the density and sticky of the grout would be reduced.The plasticity strength of the grout would be slowly increased and could be reached to 50 kPa after about 15 h.The grouting project with S boreholes for the mine main shaft of Yuandian No.2 Mine,Huaibei Coal Mining Group had consumed the drilling mud grout of 7 606 m3.After the mine shaft excavation and measurement,the residual water inrush quantity at the grouting section of the mine shaft was about 3 m3/h and the grouting effect was excellent.


This book examines the dangers of continuing government bailouts and offers alternative strategies designed to produce growth based on the vigor of the private sector with inflation under control. The expert authors show that it is indeed possible to explain the causes of the crisis in understandable terms and clarify why resolving the bailout problem is essential to preventing future crises.


Two types of tin oxide ceramic anodes with 3 different bulk densities are prepared and tested in a laboratory aluminium reduction cell. During normal electrolysis, the regular chemical dissolution process of anode material should be controlled by mass–transport and subsequent reduction of the corrosion products into the cathode metal. The content of Sn species from each experimental anode in the electrolyte reaches stable values and does not contribute to the time dependent corrosion. Their concentration in metal becomes linear with time, providing that the concentration in the electrolyte remains constant. The mass transport anode dissolution mechanism is experimentally confirmed and it becomes evident that the dissolution rate is largely dependent by the conditions at the cathode, which has a hundred times lower rate factor. The smallest aluminium contamination (under 0.2 wt %) and corrosion rate (under 1 cm/year) were obtained by testing the tin oxide anode, with Recipe 2 (2) – 96% SnO2+2%Sb2O3+2%CuO by our own sintering procedure and with bulk densities bigger than 6.5 g⋅cm−3 prepared. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Objective: To study the thickness distribution palatal bone in adolescents and provide a clinical reference for implanting mini-screws. Methods: Cone-beam CT head scan data of palate of 20 adolescent orthodontic patients were measured with NNT Viewer software. 60 points of the palate bone on one side were designed as 1- 10 in sagittal direction and as A- F in transvers direction with incisive foramen as the point of A and 0,the distance between each 2 adjacent points was 2 mm. The bone thickness of the 60 points were measured and statistically analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences among B2,B3,C2,C3,D3,E3,E4,F4 and F5(P0. 05). Statistically significant difference was found between F3 and B2 or B3,C2,C3,D3,E3,E4,F4 and F5(P 0. 05). There was significant difference between D3 and D4(P0. 05). Conclusion: The appropriate areas for implanting miniscrews in palate may be about 2- 4 mm near the palatal suture and 4- 6 mm behind incisor canal,and 8- 10 mm near the palatal suture,6- 8 mm behind incisor canal. Those regions are safe for implanting mini-screws and can provide about 6 mm bone tissue support.


This article sets out the relationship between trusteeship, agency, and the doctrine of ostensible authority. It argues that the decision of the Court of Appeal in Wishart v Credit and Mercantile incorrectly conflated the rules concerning the authority of trustees and agents in way which creates wider problems for the law of trusts. It contends that the decision rested on a misunderstanding of the Brocklesby principle, the doctrine of ostensible authority more generally, as well as the scope and purpose of the Land Registration Act 2002. It will be suggested that later courts should depart from the reasoning in the judgment insofar as it concerns both the general law and the rules governing registered land.


This paper designs a kind of mine safety monitoring system based on wireless MCU.This system uses the wireless Mcu CC2510 to organize the wireless networks,to realize the real-time transmission of gas density,pressure and temperature.The preliminary experiment results indicate that this system can timely and reliably transport information.And it has simply structure and can be easily extended.


The High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) observatory collected Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) data between 5/1997 and 4/2006. The experiment observed cosmic ray air showers via the air fluorescence technique and consisted of two observatory sites separated by 12.6 km in the western Utah desert. The two stations each measured the cosmic ray showers in monocular mode, however, the data from the two stations can also be combined to form a stereo measurement of the air showers. The experiment measures such properties as the energy spectrum, chemical composition, and p‐air cross‐section of these cosmic rays. It also searches for point sources and other anisotropy. The spectrum is measured above ∼3 × 1017 eV and shows significant structure including the "ankle" and a steep fall off which is consistent with the expectation of the GZK threshold. The spectrum is inconsistent with a continuing spectrum at the 5σ level. The composition is measured using the Xmax technique. It was found to be predominantly light a...


Aiming at the building structure and personnel distribution of a supermarket,using MultiGo evacuation analysis software to evaluate the evacuation with number of people 900,1 600 and 2 000.Results showed that the supermarket should set the evacuation warning points as 1 600.Taking 1 600 people as an example,the evacuation process was analyzed,and improvements were suggested,such as revoking the shelf near the emergency exit,and adding path and exit.The improvements were simulated,and suggestions were made based on the results.


As a revolutionary material with optical, electrical and mechanical properties, graphene has high production costs in terms of materials science, micro-nano processing, energy, biomedicine and drug delivery. To explore the low-cost materials for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials, a method for the affordable and facile fabrication by metallurgical coke fine was demonstrated. The demineralized coke ultrafine powder (< 10 µm) was oxidized, and then treated with a combination of thermal exfoliation and solvent exfoliation. The resulting carbon powder were characterized with microscopic morphology, the defects and type of carbon and the carbon structural order by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The graphene prepared by chemical-physical routine with demineralized metallurgical coke superfine powder exhibits similar characteristics to those prepared by graphite traditionally, which provides an economical and environmentally friendly method for the preparation of graphene materials.


Background

Harmful use of alcohol is the fifth leading risk factor for global burden of disease, disability and death. While the level of alcohol consumption varies around the world, it causes numerous preventable health and social issues in many countries and around 3.3 million deaths per year globally. In the UK alcohol consumption is decreasing; by contrast, alcohol consumption in Sri Lanka has been rapidly increasing over recent years. However, in both settings alcohol misuse represents a major public health concern. Therefore, it is important to evaluate existing alcohol control policies or contextual factors affecting alcohol consumption in these settings and to identify existing data sources that can be used for alcohol control policy evaluation.
This thesis aimed to investigate the suitability of existing data sources in the UK, identify potentially suitable measures and use those measures to evaluate the impact of Licensing Act 2003 in England, which allowed flexible opening hours including 24-hour drinking at on-trade premises in England and Wales from November 2005 onwards. This thesis further aimed to apply the lessons learned from the UK to Sri Lankan context, identifying potential data sources and using these to evaluate the effect the end of conflict in 2009 on alcohol consumption in Sri Lanka.

Methods

A range of sources of data on alcohol consumption and consequences in the UK were reviewed to identify those appropriate for alcohol control policy evaluation, and in particular for time series analysis which requires consistent data collected at regular intervals for a long period of time. The suitability of UK primary care data on alcohol consumption was assessed by identifying the proportion of patients with a record of alcohol consumption status in the last year, as well as ever since their registration with a practice. The quality of alcohol consumption measures collected by English national surveys was assessed by comparing them with the international guidelines for measuring alcohol consumption in population surveys. Existing data sources on alcohol consumption and consequence in Sri Lanka were also identified and reviewed to identify their suitability for alcohol control policy evaluation. Interrupted time series analysis was then conducted on these measures to establish the effect of the Licensing Act 2003 on alcohol consumption among adults (age≥16) in England, and the end of the conflict on recorded alcohol consumption among adults (age≥15) living in the areas that were not directly affected by the conflict in Sri Lanka.

Findings

In the UK, there are numerous sources of alcohol consumption and consequence data. However, few provide frequently collected data from large samples over long time periods for time series analysis. The recording of alcohol consumption in primary care remains low, particularly when recent recording within a given year is considered. Moreover, alcohol consumption recording in primary care is higher among at-risk groups such as women in child bearing age, older men and women who are likely to have an illness linked to alcohol. Therefore, primary care data are currently unsuitable for alcohol control policy evaluation. Comparison of the alcohol data collected in English national surveys with recommendations from international guidelines showed that they have failed to maintain the consistency of data collection over time and to collect information on some of the key alcohol consumption measures such as the frequency of binge drinking. However, Health Survey for England (HSE) measured alcohol consumption on the heaviest drinking day of the last week consistently over time and this measure was available on a quarterly basis for a nationally representative sample.
Interrupted time series analysis of HSE heaviest drinking day data from 2001 to 2013 showed that prior to the implementation of the Act alcohol consumption among adult male and female drinkers remained constant at around 8.3 units and 5.5 units of alcohol respectively. After the Act, there has been a gradual decline (less than 0.03 units per quarter) in the heaviest drinking day consumption among both male and female drinkers in England. However, it is difficult to attribute this decline in consumption to the Licensing Act as there was no step change in the consumption soon after the Act and the decline in heaviest drinking day consumption was small and gradual over a period of seven years.
When compared with the UK, Sri Lanka has a limited number of data sources on alcohol consumption and alcohol consequences. The Department of Excise alcohol sales database was identified as the only data source that can be used for alcohol control policy evaluation in Sri Lanka. However, these population-level data cannot be used to identify the characteristics of people who drink and patterns of drinking such as binge drinking.
Interrupted time series analysis showed that recorded alcohol consumption among Sri Lankans living in areas that were not directly affected by the armed conflict increased markedly after the end of the conflict in 2009, with a dramatic acceleration in the trend of adult per capita consumption. Annual adult per capita alcohol consumption among Sri Lankans increased from 1.59 litres of pure alcohol in 1998 to 2.56 litres of pure alcohol in 2013. Prior to the end of war in 2009 adult per capita alcohol consumption was increasing by 0.051 litres of pure alcohol per year (95% CI 0.029-0.074, p<0.001). After 2009, it increased by 0.154 litres per year (95% CI 0.082-0.226, p=0.001). it increased by 0.166 litres of pure alcohol per year (95% CI 0.095-0.236, p<0.001), almost a three-fold increment in the increase per year compared to the trend prior to the end of the conflict. Beer consumption showed the highest per capita growth compared with other beverages.

Conclusions

This thesis identified the existing data sources that can be used for alcohol control policy evaluation purposes in two settings; UK and Sri Lanka. It has highlighted the further improvements required in existing alcohol consumption related data sources in both countries and discussed the potential of applying lessons learned from the UK context to Sri Lankan context. Despite the current trend in alcohol consumption, both countries experience a significant public health burden due to alcohol misuse. Therefore, both countries will require formulation and implementation of new policy measures. However, Sri Lanka does not have high-quality individual level alcohol consumption data to support the monitoring and evaluation of alcohol control policies. Therefore, this thesis has emphasised the need to generate high-quality alcohol consumption data in Sri Lanka and carry out monitoring and evaluation of alcohol control policies to tackle the alcohol-related burden.


It discloses a multi-mode power train and a multi-mode vehicle. An energy conversion device is connected to a combustion engine via a direct mechanical energy transmission link extending from the engine to the power conversion device, in conjunction. A continuously variable drive source (CVP) is via an intermediate power communication with the power conversion device in connection.


Objective. To determine the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) and other diabetes risk factors in urban school health clinics. Methods. During the period 2006-2009 nurse practitioners (NPs) screened students who had a BMI ≥ 95th percentile and 1 additional diabetes risk factor. Blood glucose (BG) was measured by finger stick. NPs were trained on how to ascertain the presence of AN on the neck area. Results. NPs screened 854 students (mean age 11.4 years, 60.5% female, and 73.3% black). AN and elevated BG were found among 26% and 6.4% of students, respectively. Females and minorities were respectively 50% and 4 times more likely to have AN. Youth with AN were twice as likely to have elevated glucose. Conclusion. AN can be easily identified by trained health care professionals even in busy school-based clinic settings. Checking for AN and appropriate education and counseling should become a routine part of electronic documentation in overweight youth.


Productivity and botanical composition of legume-grass swards in rotation systems are important factors for successful arable farming in both organic and conventional farming systems. As these attributes vary considerably within a field, a non-destructive method of detection while doing other tasks would facilitate more targeted management of crops and nutrients in the soilplant-animal system. Two pot experiments were conducted to examine the potential of field spectroscopy to assess total biomass and the proportions of legume, using binary mixtures and pure swards of grass and legumes. The spectral reflectance of swards was measured under artificial light conditions at a sward age ranging from 21 to 70 days. Total biomass was determined by modified partial least squares (MPLS) regression, stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and the vegetation indices (VIs) simple ratio (SR), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and red edge position (REP). Modified partial least squares and SMLR gave the largest R2 values ranging from 0.85 to 0.99. Total biomass prediction by VIs resulted in R2 values of 0.87 to 0.90 for swards with large leaf to stem ratios; the greatest accuracy was for EVI. For more mature and open swards VI-based detection of biomass was not possible. The contribution of legumes to the sward could be determined at a constant biomass level by the VIs, but this was not possible when the level of biomass varied.


Abstract : Although the theory of aerodynamic jump for e.ssentially symmetric missiles with slight aerodymnamic asymmetry and constant roll is well known, the dependence of this jump on varyins roll has not been considered. If roll is produced by differentially canted controls, the rolling motion can be described by two parameters. The magnitude and orientation of jump is presented for the pertinent range of these parameters.


This essay explores the post-Parents Involved options available to local school boards that continue to face the pressures of improving student educational outcomes and closing the Achievement Gap. Part I of this essay details the Supreme Court's lack of deference towards the Seattle and Louisville school districts' stated goals for adopting the voluntary integration plans. Part I will detail how the Roberts' plurality opinion departed from precedent in the desegregation cases and higher education affirmative action cases by refusing to give deference to the policy choices of the local school officials. Part II will describe the various plans and approaches adopted by local school districts in the wake of Parents Involved, including Justice Kennedy's concurrence as a roadmap for school districts that want to continue to use race as a factor in student assignment, the return to neighborhood schools, and socioeconomic integration plans. Part II will examine why school districts may choose one of these options based on balancing the restrictions delineated by the Supreme Court in Parents Involved and with the pressures to improve student achievement in poor, racially isolated schools. Part III will highlight how the strictures on voluntary integration plans may increase the number of failing schools under NCLB, thus increasing demand for the NCLB student transfer option. Part III will also examine the possibility that the dual pressures of Parents Involved and NCLB will fuel the school choice movement, especially the desire to open a greater number of charter schools throughout the United States.


Depression, anxiety and sleep disorders have been reported to be associated with low level of inflammation, i.e., low-grade inflammation, but mainly in males. The evidence has mainly been based on laboratory or clinical studies with small sample sizes or epidemiological studies with elderly subpopulations. In this study the association of low-grade inflammation with depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances was investigated using the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort (NFBC 1966). In women, the effect of hormonal factors, menopause and the use of oral contraceptives/hormone replacement therapy on the association between low-grade inflammation and depression was also studied by using the Pieksamaki Study data. In 31-year follow-up of NFBC 1966 (N=6007), the depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed by Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and sleep disorders by 15-D questionnaires, while the marker of low-grade inflammation, plasma concentration of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), was measured. In the Pieksamaki study a representative sample of inhabitants in the town of Pieksamaki were invited to clinical examination. Depressive symptoms were obtained by Beck's Depression Inventory-21, and hs-CRP was measured (512 women). The results of this study revealed that at epidemiological level, elevated hs CRP levels of ≥1.0 mg/L increased the probability of current depressive symptoms of single depressive episode in the two highest subgroups (i.e., HSCL-25 mean scores ≥1.75 and ≥2.01) 1.4and 1.7fold in males, respectively. In addition, anxiety symptoms (HSCL-25 anxiety scale mean score ≥1.75) increased independently the probability of elevated hs-CRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) in males over 2-fold. Risk ratio of 1.3 was found for males with moderate to severe sleep disturbances and elevated hs-CRP levels (≥1.0 mg/L). Regarding females, a positive correlation between elevated hs-CRP levels and depressive symptoms was found only among periand postmenopausal women not using exogenous hormones. The results suggest that low-grade inflammation is associated not only with depression but also with anxiety and sleep disturbances in young adult men. In women, hormonal factors may have an effect on the association between low-grade inflammation and depression. Further investigations are called for to confirm these findings and furthermore, to determine the possible role of lowgrade inflammation in the pathophysiology of these disorders.


Background/Aims Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a self-limiting infectious disease, but 1% of subjects develop fulminant hepatitis. The prevalence of the anti-HAV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody in hemodialysis subjects in Korea remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the seropositive rate of anti-HAV antibody among hemodialysis subjects in two hospitals according to age group. Methods A total of 170 hemodialysis subjects were evaluated for the seropositive rate of the anti-HAV IgG antibody and its titer. Results Of the 170 maintenance hemodialysis subjects in two hospitals (Kangnam 92 vs. Chuncheon 78), 79 (46.5%) were male. The mean age was 53.2 years old, and 94.1% of the subjects were over 40 years old. The median vintage of hemodialysis was 29.0 months. Anti-HAV antibody was found in 163 subjects (95.9%), with no significant difference between the two areas (Kangnam 97.8% [n = 90] vs. Chuncheon 93.6% [n = 73]). Subjects younger than 40 years old showed a seropositive rate of 50%, while the seropositive rate increased with age for subjects aged 40 or older (p for trend < 0.001). Seropositive subjects from Kangnam showed a higher anti-HAV antibody titer than those from Chuncheon (median: Kangnam 14.2 vs. Chuncheon 11.7). Only age influenced seropositivity. The only factor that influenced the antibody level was the location of hospital (p < 0.001). Conclusions The seropositive rate of the anti-HAV antibody in hemodialysis subjects was 95%, which is similar to findings in the general population. Active immunization against hepatitis A is strongly recommended for hemodialysis subjects under 40 years of age after anti-HAV testing.


Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) combining multi-carrier-like multiple access with single-carrier-like envelope fluctuations was chosen for the air interface of future wireless communication systems. This thesis proposes a physical layer design for an uplink system based on SC-FDMA and equipped with multiple transmit antennas. Taking into account the tight implementation constraints at the mobile terminal and the presence of a nonlinear power amplifier, we show the importance of the in-band and out-of-band regulation constraints on the performance of the air interface. In realistic propagation scenarios, SC-FDMA brings significant improvements with respect to its competitors especially for users sensitive to high dynamic variations of the signal envelope. This is typically the case of cell-edge users having limited a priori knowledge of the propagation channel and needing to employ open-loop transmit-diversity techniques to improve their propagation conditions. We propose a new method allowing space-frequency transmit diversity in an SC-FDMA system that keeps both the uplink framing flexibility and the low envelope variations of the signal. This new method designed for two transmit antennas is extended to four or more transmit antennas in the space-frequency or space-time-frequency domains. We also expand these strategies to spatial multiplexing so as to benefit from transmit diversity to increase of the cell and/or user throughput multi-user scenarios and/or in combination with spatial multiplexing techniques. Our analytical and numerical shows the improvements brought by the proposed techniques compared to conventional ones in a vast number of practical scenarios.


ract The term social exclusion has been employed to explain a culmination of negative processes of social relations shaped by gender, spatial, economic, political, socio- economic, environmental and cultural circumstances and ideologies. Despite the economic gains Ghana has made since the fourth Republic, spatial and social segments of the Ghanaian society have not benefited from the trickledown effect of growth and could be classified as socially excluded. This research sets out to assess the contribution of the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP), a conditional cash transfer policy intervention against social exclusion in the Cape Coast Metropolis in Ghana. The data source involved primary data collection by way of in-depth interview of 40 beneficiaries in 8 out of the 14 beneficiary communities. Key informants involved in the management of the intervention were interviewed. The primary data was complemented with secondary data and information on the LEAP programme. The research revealed that the LEAP programme has been contributing fairly substantially to alleviating the plight of the vulnerable and the excluded. It was however observed that the programme requires some reforms with regard to increasing the amount of money involved in the cash transfer and effective organisational capacity building for proper monitoring and evaluation of the conditionalities attached to the cash transfer. Further research into how conditional cash transfer could be used as an avenue for micro investment and wealth creation is recommended. Key Words: Conditional Cash Transfer, Ghana, Poverty, Exclusion, Vulnerability


Abstract In many countries of the northern hemisphere during winter period ice forms appear on various water bodies, which results in significant changes of physical, chemical and ecological conditions. These changes are different in rivers, channels, lakes or once-through reservoirs. On the terrain of Poland ice always caused considerable problems affecting intensive inland navigation and other river use. These problems appeared especially on the Vistula River, which in 17th and 18th century was one of the most navigable rivers in Europe. The Vistula is the largest Polish river, which flows from the south in the Carpathian Mountains to the Baltic Sea in the north. It is the second largest river, after Neva, of the Baltic Sea catchment. The length of the Vistula is 1047 km and its catchment amounts to 194 thousand km2. The predominant part of the Vistula river basin (87%) is now on Polish territory and the remaining (13%) catchment is in Belarus, Ukraine and Slovakia. The course of the Vistula can be divided into three distinctly different sections: upper, middle and lower. These river sections have appropriate catchments with their tributaries. There are hydraulic structures on the main river course and on its tributaries which serve navigation, hydroenergy, flood protection, water supply and recreation. All over the Vistula catchment there are frequent floods during spring and summer time resulting from excessive precipitation but in winter caused by ice phenomena. Numerous flow problems appear especially along the lower Vistula course because of ice phenomena and they result very often in severe flood problems. The Vistula has a very variable time and spatial discharge, because of existing climate conditions over its catchment. The aim of the paper is to present hydraulic and hydrologic characteristics of the Lower Vistula river with special emphasis on the management of this river section for navigation, hydroenergy, flood protection and water supply in view of ice phenomena appearing there. Information concerning changes of water characteristics due to various water temperatures are presented as well as on the formation of various forms of ice in flowing water. Numerous ice studies were carried out in Poland and especially on the Lower Vistula section as it was very ice prone and where many ice jams and ice-jam floods occurred. A special hydraulic situation existed at the mouth of the Vistula, which caused important floods in the 18th century and resulted in the construction of a special direct channel to the sea (Przekop Wisły) solving flood problems in this area. Information is presented on changes in open channel flow due to the appearance of ice cover and other ice forms. The paper includes ample information on the run, consequences and studies connected with a very important ice-jam-flood on the upper part of Włocławek reservoir in 1982.


Tannu UIET, Kurukshetra University, 136119, Kurukshetra, Haryana,India Email-id: email@example.com Dr. Karambir 2 UIET, Kurukshetra University, 136119, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India Email-id: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract In Cloud computing the term 'cloud' that is used in discipline of science and describe the huge number of things. The security models in cloud like authentication, confidentiality, data integrity data recovery, accessibility. It involves cloud services, deployment model, security issues and challenges in cloud computing. Nowadays ,enhancing data security in cloud is a main concern and solution is to use encryption schemes or algorithms-AES (advanced encryption standard) algorithm, SHA (secure hashing function) and mainly purpose of using these algorithms is to store or secure more data in cloud.


The SiO2 coated sphere and flaky carbonyl iron powders (CIPs) heterogeneous nanocomposites have been prepared through the Stöber method and subsequently, through an annealing process for eliminating the crystal defect and enhancing the insulation and oxidation resistance of SiO2 shell. The CIP@SiO2 heterogeneous nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The CIP surface had been successfully assembly‐coated with nano SiO2 layer, obtained by the SEM, XRD, and FTIR. Both the annealing treatment and the SiO2 shell can synergetically improve the oxidation resistance property due to the reduction of defects and residual stress, and isolation of oxygen, respectively. Changed everywhere permittivity (magnetic permeability) by effective permittivity (magnetic permeability). The real part of the permittivity of the nanocomposite decreased significantly, while the imaginary part of permittivity remained the same indicating the increase of dielectric loss. The permeability decreased slightly for the SiO2 insulated shell blocking the magnetic path. Hence, the electromagnetic match property was greatly improved by coating SiO2 insulated shell, and this composite showed a broad absorption band.


We present a new platform for mid-infrared (MIR) dual-comb spectroscopy, based on a pair of ultra-broadband subharmonic optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped by two phase-locked thulium-fiber combs. Our system provides fast (7 ms for a single interferogram), moving-parts-free, simultaneous acquisition of 350,000 spectral data points, spaced by 115-MHz intermodal interval over 3.1–5.5 μm spectral range. Parallel detection of 22 trace molecular species in a gas mixture, including isotopologues containing such isotopes as 13C, 18O, 17O, 15N, 34S, 33S and 2H (deuterium), with part-per-billion sensitivity and sub-Doppler resolution has been demonstrated. We also show that by utilizing Kerr-lens mode-locked Cr:ZnS lasers operating at λ≈2.35 μm one can create MIR frequency combs spanning almost two octaves in wavelength.


Following the permanent shutdown of Kori Unit 1 in June 2017, the Republic of Korea has been preparing for full‐scale decommissioning work. In addition, the design life of 12 units will expire by 2030. If decommissioning begins without initially extending the lifespan of nuclear reactors, massive amounts of decommissioning wastes will be generated in a short period. The total amount of radioactive wastes generated during the dismantling of a pressurized water reactor is estimated as 6200 tons, and approximately 70% of the total radioactive wastes are classified as metal wastes. Self‐disposal through the decontamination of contaminated metals can contribute to the economic feasibility of decommissioning nuclear power plants because it can reduce the disposal cost of medium‐ and low‐level radioactive wastes. Therefore, this study evaluated the possibility of self‐disposal of steam generators that may occur during future decommissioning. The radioactivity analysis data on transferring the replaced steam generator of Hanul Unit 1 were used as the source term. The decontamination factor was calculated by applying 200 units from 1200 to 2000, and the radiation dose was evaluated using the RESRAD‐RECYCLE code. Consequently, the single‐nuclide concentration and sum of the allowable concentration fraction for mixed radionuclides at a decontamination factor of 1400 were below the regulatory requirements; however, the dose evaluation results exceeded the allowable dose in some scenarios. The decontamination factor was 2000, when the dose evaluation results for all scenarios met the regulatory requirements.


Three ½-oz. spot applications of Dybar (pelleted fenuron: 3-phenyl-1, 1-dimethylurea) were given in 1960-61 to competing vegetation around each planted white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in an overmature boreal mixedwood. The herbicide was applied at distances from 1 to 7 feet from the spruce concurrently with planting, in fall, spring and summer. Survival of white spruce, 75 per cent in 1963, was not affected significantly by any of the treatments. A highly significant relationship was found between total live canopy in 1963 (X, not greater than 75%) and height growth of spruce in 1963 (Y):Significance of regression was not increased by the inclusion of either initial canopy or height of stock at planting. The study shows that the non-selective Dybar can safely be used at the time of planting to aid the establishment of white spruce, and that subsequent growth of the spruce is largely dependent on the density of total live canopy.


During deformation of Ti66.1Cu8Ni4.8Sn7.2Nb13.9 nanostructure-dendrite composite, primary and secondary shear bands form under perpendicular orientation. Detailed investigation of the microstructure of deformed specimens reveals deformed body-centered-cubic (bcc) β-Ti dendrites forming a stepped morphology at the interfaces between the bcc β-Ti dendrites and the nanostructured matrix, consisting of hexagonal close packed (hcp) α-Ti and body-centered-tetragonal (bct) Ti2Cu phases. In the nanostructured matrix, the primary shear bands pass through coherent grain boundaries between the hcp α-Ti and the bct Ti2Cu phases. In contrast, the secondary shear bands in the nanostructured matrix are arrested by sandwiched nanoscale grains of the hcp α-Ti and bct Ti2Cu phases.


On January 11, 2007, the Chinese military conducted a test of an anti-satellite (ASAT) system, destroying their own Fengyun-1C spacecraft with an interceptor missile. The resulting hypervelocity collision created an unprecedented number of tracked debris - more than 2500 objects. These objects represent only those large enough for the US Space Surveillance Network (SSN) to track - typically objects larger than about 5-10 cm in diameter. There are expected to be even more debris objects at sizes too small to be seen and tracked by the SSN. Because of the altitude of the target satellite (865 x 845 km orbit), many of the debris are expected to have long orbital lifetimes and contribute to the orbital debris environment for decades to come. In the days and weeks following the ASAT test, NASA was able to use Lincoln Laboratory s Haystack radar on several occasions to observe portions of the ASAT debris cloud. Haystack has the capability of detecting objects down to less than one centimeter in diameter, and a large number of centimeter-sized particles corresponding to the ASAT cloud were clearly seen in the data. While Haystack cannot track these objects, the statistical sampling procedures NASA uses can give an accurate statistical picture of the characteristics of the debris from a breakup event. For years computer models based on data from ground hypervelocity collision tests (e.g., the SOCIT test) and orbital collision experiments (e.g., the P-78 and Delta-180 on-orbit collisions) have been used to predict the extent and characteristics of such hypervelocity collision debris clouds, but until now there have not been good ways to verify these models in the centimeter size regime. It is believed that unplanned collisions of objects in space similar to ASAT tests will drive the long-term future evolution of the debris environment in near-Earth space. Therefore, the Chinese ASAT test provides an excellent opportunity to test the models used to predict the future debris environment. For this study, Haystack detection events are compared to model predictions to test the model assumptions, including debris size distribution, velocity distribution, and assumptions about momentum transfer between the target and interceptor. In this paper we will present the results of these and other measurements on the size and extent of collisional breakup debris clouds.


We structurally estimate investors' attention to mutual fund fees in an experimental setting with a sample matching the U.S. population. The identification strategy exploits the degrees of investors' portfolio changes responding to mutual fund fee changes. We find that investors, on average, react to fees as if they are 57.4% of the actual size, but the attention level substantially varies across subjects depending on their socioeconomic background and financial literacy. We also evaluate the efficacy of fee disclosure policies proposed by the U.S. SEC to improve investors' attention. We find that simpler disclosure styles are mainly effective for people with high financial literacy, high income, and urban residence. The result suggests that regulators should be wary of "one-size-fits-all" policies.


The expression "corporate social responsibility" wound up prominent during the 1960s and has remained a term utilized aimlessly by numerous individuals to cover lawful and moral duty all the more barely understood. Actually, CSR alludes to a business practice that includes taking an interest in activities that advantage society. However, presently a days, CSR is an exceptionally misjudged and confounded term in India. Some Indian corporate organizations trust that just agreeing to laws and directions satisfies their requirement for social obligation. A dependable corporate perceives that its exercises have more extensive effect on the general public in which it works. In this manner, it assesses the monetary, social, natural and human rights effect of its exercises on every one of the partners.


Effects of selective location of silica nanoparticles on the phase separation of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PMMA/SAN) blends were investigated via combination of rheological method and optical microscopy. Through grafting polystyrene chain to the surface of silica nanoparticles, the silica nanoparticles were controlled to selectively locate at interfaces or in the PMMA-rich domains. Power-law analysis of the moduli and shifted Cole–Cole plots were applied to determine rheological transition temperature (apparent binodal temperature) of blend with near-critical and off-critical compositions for both neat blends and particle-filled blends. The particle location had significant influence on the rheological transition temperature but little impact on optically determined binodal temperature. This discrepancy was discussed through morphology observation via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for blends under different phase separation conditions. It was found that nanoparticl...


Second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome is a considerable advance over screening using maternal age alone. This paper reviews the performance using two (double test), three (triple test), and four (quadruple test) biochemical markers. The medical benefits and financial cost effectiveness of screening using the triple and quadruple tests are compared. Rational judgments about which markers should be included in a multimarker screening test are needed. The costs and benefits should be compared, both with respect to the medical benefits (increasing detection rates and reducing the proportion of fetal losses through amniocentesis for each Down's syndrome pregnancy diagnosed) and the financial costs (particularly the cost for each case diagnosed). If the use of an additional marker is medically more beneficial, it should, of course, be considered as an alternative to existing practice. If the financial cost for each unit of outcome is also reduced, the decision is straightforward. There is an obligation to introduce the improvement, provided that the total expenditure is affordable. If the extra benefit is more expensive for each unit of outcome, the improvement may still be adopted, but discussion would be needed to determine whether the benefit is worth the extra financial cost. based on age specific rates of Down's syndrome at birth." The proportion of those pregnancies identified through antenatal diagnosis and terminated is also shown"; in 1991 this proportion was 36%. Table 1 shows the results from four demonstration projects which used the triple test (AFP, uE), hCG).6-9 Together, these projects confirmed prospectively the performance of serum screening as determined retrospectively in studies using frozen serum samples, and showed that 78% of women with positive screening tests took up the offer of an amniocentesis, and that the odds of such women having an affected pregnancy was 1 to 35.


Institute of Art History, Dallas, Texas; Director of Art-Brain Initiatives, Center for Brain Health, University of Texas at Dallas. Corresponding Author: Bonnie Pitman, MA, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, ATC 11, Office ATC 3.602, Richardson, TX 75080 (firstname.lastname@example.com). Conflict of Interest Disclosures: The author has completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest; none were reported. Additional Information: Beverly Fishman is artist in residence and head of painting at Cranbrook Academy of Art and lives and works in Detroit. An MFA graduate of Yale University, she exhibits at Jack Shainman Gallery and Kravets Wehby Gallery in New York City. Since 2000, Fishman's work has been exhibited internationally and is in the collections of more than 30 museums including the Chrysler Museum, Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University, Detroit Institute of Arts, Toledo Museum of Art, Nerman Museum of Contemporary Art, Life Sciences Institute at the University of Michigan, and US Consulate General in Istanbul.


A study of the spatially resolved spectrum of individual emitters in a Y‐junction laser array shows that the array is not completely locked. The use of an external cavity with a novel, customized spatial filter is demonstrated to yield a stable output beam, which increases from 1.25 times the diffraction limit at low power to 1.6 times the diffraction limit at 120 mW without shifting.


http://ajs.sagepub.com/content/43/6/1386 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546515576902 2015 43: 1386 originally published online March 25, 2015 Am J Sports Med Dahm Benjamin J. Allen, Aaron J. Krych, William Engasser, Bruce A. Levy, Michael J. Stuart, Mark S. Collins and Diane L. Patellar Instability Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Tears in the Setting of Multiligament Knee Injuries Rarely Cause


The 70-month Swift/BAT catalogue provides a sensitive view of the extragalactic X-ray sky at hard energies (>10 keV) containing about 800 Active Galactic Nuclei. We explore its content in heavily obscured, Compton-thick AGN by combining the BAT (14-195 keV) with the lower energy XRT (0.3-10 keV) data. We apply a Bayesian methodology using Markov chains to estimate the exact probability distribution of the column density for each source. We find 53 possible Compton-thick sources (with probability 3 to 100%) translating to a ~7% fraction of the AGN in our sample. We derive the first parametric luminosity function of Compton-thick AGN. The unabsorbed luminosity function can be represented by a double power-law with a break at $L_{\star} 2 \times 10^{42}$ $\rm ergs~s^{-1}$ in the 20-40 keV band.


A number of studies into the coverage of death have provided some evidence of journalists giving preference to events from certain regions and to certain types of death. This comprehensive evaluation of how two German and two Australian newspapers cover death specifically in foreign news finds clear evidence that journalists primarily look for events in countries which are culturally proximate to their own. The cultural proximity thesis here includes links such as cultural, political, economic or linguistic connections with a country. Some important national differences in how journalists at the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Süddeutsche Zeitung, The Australian and The Sydney Morning Herald report on death were also identified. These could be traced to some important cultural differences between the two countries, underlining the need for more research which locates culture at the core of news analysis.


The "Club of Mainz" for Improved Emergency and Disaster Medicine Worldwide was conceived in 1973 and founded in 1976 by about 10 reanimatologists under the leadership of the late Rudolf Frey (Crit Care Med 6:389, 1978). Its objectives are: "(1) to foster optimal resuscitation and life support methodologies worldwide; (2) to concern itself with a range from everyday emergencies to mass disasters, with appropriate consideration for differences in populations, available resources and other factors; and (3) to informally pursue the objectives by combining the resources of scientific, social and related information and experiences, together with international communication and collaboration." The Club of Mainz recognizes the experiences and contributions of other organizations for public health related disaster relief, which particularly helps uninjured survivors and rehabilitates regions, but wishes to add the potentials of modern resuscitation (emergency and critical care medicine), focusing on the acutely ill or injured individual victim in distress. The Club of Mainz was inspired by the Club of Rome, which was initiated in 1968 by the late Aurelio Peccei and some other concerned non-medical leaders and scientists. The 10 non-medical key problems identified by the Club of Rome have equivalents for disaster medicine: (1) overpopulation (starvation); (2) no long range planning; (3) destruction of the environment (destruction of people); (4) business crises; (5) competitive armament leading to wars; (6) poverty (starvation, epidemics); (7) chaotic development in science and technology; (8) antiquated institutions; (9) schisms between East and West and between North and South; and (10) lacking moral leadership.


In this work, an innovative approach based on the combination of hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to discriminate individual vapors such as methanol, toluene, acetone, isopropanol, and ethanol using dynamic responses of one single sensor based on 5, 10, 15, 20 tetratoloylphenylporphyrinato Zn (II) (ZnTTP) at room temperature. Experimental data of 20 measurements as individuals (i.e., four different concentrations of each vapor) and extraction of new mathematical features associated with dynamic behavior were the basis of two subsets entered into the gas identification method. With PCA, four distinct groups were observed for each subset. The first three principal components have been added as data features for each previous corresponding subset of the HAC process. The classification becomes clearer and unambiguously separates the different clusters in good compliance with PCA. The obtained results have demonstrated the possibility to recognize the studied vapors by exploiting a single gas sensor with an opportunity to apply the developed PCA/HAC-based platform in cost-effective and highly selective gas monitoring systems.


The hydrated silicic acid slurry can be prepared through the reaction of water-glass and sulfuric acid,water-washing and homogenization treatment.After trail-use of this product,it shows that the hydrated silicic acid can reduce paper ration and improve paper's non-transparency and intensity.The product can meet the requirement of printing industry.


Boerhavia diffusa commonly known as punarnava is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to family Nyctaginaceae. The medicinal value of this plant in the treatment of a large number of human ailments is mentioned in Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, and Sushruta Samhita. The aim of present study was to evaluate diuretic and natriuretic activity of ethanolic extracts of Boerhavia diffusa root in albino wistar rats. The results of preliminary phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Proteins, amino acids, Carbohydrates, Steroids, Fats and oils, Tannins and phenols. In acute oral toxicity, animals didn"t show any visible signs of morbidity and mortality. Four groups of Albino wistar rats were used to evaluate diuretic activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Boerhavia diffusa by using Lipschitz test model. Oral administration of Boerhavia diffusa at doses 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg produced a significant (P< 0.01) increase in the urine volume when compared to control and standard. Determination of urinary electrolyte concentration in urine was done by using a flame photometer. It has revealed that ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa roots was effective in increasing urinary sodium concentration. The results were analyzed by One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Thus, in conclusion the Boerhavia diffusa has a significant diuretic and natriuretic action in rats.


In order to predict the characteristic of the rock under the condition of high stress,according to the creep characteristic of soft rock,the M-K creep model for simulating the creep characteristic of soft rock was obtained based on a typical combined creep model such as M-K creep model by considering the material viscoelastic stress.It emphasized simulating the creep characteristic of adjacent rock for typeⅤ,and the results indicated that under high stress condition,creep could drive the adjacent rock to deform greatly,on the other hand the creep deformation could be accelerated with principal stress gradient increasing.


The construction appeared to me then, as it still does, after comparison of other passages, one of purpose ; for we might— grarnmaticae causa—write in the former passage oirws (av) airots 8S>, and in the latter TOTTOV cTnT^Seiov oirtos (av) «/c£io"« <f>vyovT€S O / I was glad to find my view supported by so excellent an authority as Professor Goodwin. His several statements on the subject are as follows: Gk. Moods and Tenses (ed. 7, 1879) § 65, 1, N. 1 (a) (p. 138) : ' The Future Indicative is the only form regularly used in prose after the relative in in this sense' (i.e. to express purpose). Ibid. § 65, 1, N. 3 (a) (p. 139) : ' The Attic Greek allows the subjunctive in such phrases as l^ei o T 1 tiiTy, he has something to say ; where the irregularity seems to be caused by the analogy of the common expression OVK r^ti o TL (or TL) £1777;, equivalent to OVK OTSEV O TL eiinj, he knows not what he shall say, which contains an indirect statement ' (i.e. an indirect deliberative question). Under the second of these statements, which obviously bears directly upon the point in question, we find cited as the first example Isoc. Pan. p. 49 C. § 44 (one of Professor Tarbell's examples) : TOLOVTOV «#os ira.ptSocra.v, a>trT£...lKar«pous *X' * $ ' ° ' s (fuXoTi/jiriOuxTiv, with the translation that both may have things in which they ' may glory.' Goodwin adds in parenthesis : ' Here there is no indirect question, for the meaning is not that they may know in what they are to glory,' and he cites his note appended to Feltin's Isocrates, p. 135, which I quote here for the sake of comparison. ' The peculiar use of the subjunctive in €\€iv i<f) ols (j>iXoTifn]Ou><Tiv may perhaps be explained by the analogy of the common construction OVK t\u> TL (or o TI) eurto, non habeo quid dicam, where the indirect question is obvious. The transition from OVK €\<o o TL eurco to ĉ io o TL tarta might be easily made, although in the latter all trace of the indirect question disappears. Other similar examples are cited by Kriiger (Gr. Gr. § 54. 7, A. 2), in all of which the leading verb is <?Xto. These are Plat. Symp. p. 194 D [another of Professor Tarbell's examples], iav fiovov l^ij OTO) SiaXeyrjTat, and Xen. Oecon. 7, 20, l£tw o TI cio-^e'pucriv. In Plat. Phaedr. p. 255 E [one of Professor Tarbell's examples, wrongly cited as 254 E] and Lysias in Andoc. § 42, we have the same construction, if we accept Bekker's emendation o TI Xiy-g for o TL X&yei, which the sense seems to require. Compare also Plat. Ion p. 535 B, where we find airopcis o TL Xly-ys and evTropeis o TL Xeyjjs in the same sentence ; here the transition is especially simple. Even if we explain £V7roptts o TL Xlyys as an indirect question [though it seems clearly quite equivalent to ?x o TL Aeyiys, cf. hrirtov iVTroprjaavTes = ?7nrovs Xafiovrts, Xen. Hellen. I. 35], it seems a perversion of language to apply that name to the others as Kriiger does. Of course, these remarks will not apply to the doubtful example Thucyd. vii. 25, discussed in the note [i.e. in an insertion in Feltin's commentary on Isocrates-Para., loc. cit.], or to the cases of the optative there quoted.' The passages from Plat. Symp. and Xen. Oecon. are cited in the Moods and Tenses (loc. cit.).


A literature review about microbial and enzyme transformation of flavonoids was accomplished. Enzyme reactions, as well as, the action of microbial cells on flavonoids were discussed in seven distinct topics. The effects of these transformations were discussed for some reactions. The scientific literature has described that many microorganisms and enzymes possess the ability to metabolize plant flavonoids. Modified structures of flavonoids have been identified after microbial cultures or specific enzymatic reactions. Such alterations in their chemical structures, may produce flavonoids with higher biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral and antimicrobial).


Electronic measurements of engineered nanostructures comprised solely of DNA (DNA nanostructures) enable new signal conditioning modalities in biosensing. Here, we demonstrate how DNA nanostructures that alter their conformation upon binding a nucleic acid analyte drastically, and reversibly, amplify the measured electrochemical signal. This amplification was controlled by the applied electrical field to achieve a response ≈ 2×104 times greater than that measured from DNA hybridization. Because the amplification is independent of the interaction between the analyte and the DNA nanostructure, our approach provides a platform for tuning the response of the system for high performance that is agnostic of the end application. These molecularly precise self-assembled DNA nanostructures when paired with scalable electronic readout can therefore lead the way to highly sensitive multiplexed biosensing.


In resonance based target recognition, studies have mainly been focus on exploiting the natural resonant modes embedded in an ultra wideband transient signature measured at a specific aspect and polarization state. The information that carries in polarimetric and aspect dependency nature of the scattering phenomena has not been well exploited. The objective of this paper is to investigate the pros and cons for different possible approaches to handle the multiple aspects, full polarimetric, and wideband scattered data, aiming for a more robust target recognition procedures and outcomes.


Local authorities have a long history of providing recreation and leisure services, but since the 1970s leisure departments have expanded with a corresponding growth in the number and importance of professional officers to run them. Growing affluence and improvements in the quality of life have led to a recognition of the social importance of leisure provision, and more recently its economic importance has been established with the introduction of schemes aimed at rejuvenating local areas. This thesis investigates the internal workings of two neighbouring local authorities in the North East of England. It is a comparative study of the District Councils of Wear Valley and Chester-le-Street, focusing primarily on the importance of leisure services in the public sector. It draws attention to the importance of leisure to justify local government as elected bodies concerned with the overall well-being of their local communities. After considering historical, philosophical and sociological perspectives on leisure, and examining the role of public bodies in the provision of leisure, the thesis proceeds with a detailed analysis of leisure services in Wear Valley and Chester-le-Street in a period of dramatic change. An evaluation of the differences in each District and their responses leads to a consideration of the 'Enabling' role now expected of all local authorities. Although local government is an important element in the British political system, it has been subjected to a plethora of legislation since 1979, aimed at reducing public spending and questioning and controlling the role and purpose of local authorities. The comparison of the two Districts involves an investigation of their internal conduct and business. It finds that leisure services are an increasingly important reasons for maintaining elected local authorities.


An object tracking method, device and system. The object tracking method comprises: establishing a reference coordinate system according to position information of a photographed object and an aircraft to obtain a first position vector from the photographed object to the aircraft in the reference coordinate system (201); calculating a direction vector from an antenna position to a pan-tilt position of the aircraft in the reference coordinate system according to current attitude information of the aircraft (202); calculating a second position vector from the photographed object to the pan-tilt position in the reference coordinate system according to the first position vector and the direction vector, and converting the second position vector into target attitude information of the aircraft (203); and obtaining a target control amount according to the current attitude information and the target attitude information of the aircraft, the target control amount being used for indicating an adjustment amount for motion control of a pan-tilt (204). The method has high tracking precision and can implement all-weather automatic tracking.


With the frequent occurrence of affluent second generation's troubles,people are becoming more concerned that whether the next generation can live independently and develop freely,furthermore,and even whether they can shoulder the responsibility of the nation's future development and the responsibility of building a well-off society in an all-round way.In real life,there still exists personality distortion,which is mainly reflected in the following: one is power superstition from interpersonal independence,the other is money worship from material independence.Therefore,measures for sound personality development need to be explored,as far as the combination of education and practice,deepening reform and opening-up and the cultivation young generation's sense of responsibility are concerned.


We present a novel statistical texture descriptor employing level-crossing statistics. Images are first mapped into 1D signals using space-filling curves, such as Peano or Hilbert curves, and texture features are extracted via signal-dependent sampling. Texture parameters are based on the level-crossing statistics of the 1D signal, i.e. crossing rate, crossing slope and sojourn time. Despite the simplicity of texture features used, our approach offers state-of-the art performance in the texture classification and texture segmentation tasks, outperforming other tested algorithms.


The effects of various NAA concentrations and applications of SA with IBA in different ways were tested in leafy cuttings of very difficult to root 'Domat' olive. Cuttings were collected from bearing (mature) trees and rooted under mist. Cuttings had the highest rooting rate of 63.3% with routine 5 g l -1 IBA treatment. Primary root number (4.1), root length (32.10 mm), root thickness (1.10 mm), root fresh/dry weights and VR score were at the highest level with the same treatment. Untreated cuttings entirely failed to root. NAA treatments produced less rooted cuttings than those treated with IBA alone. Cuttings receiving 3 g l -1 NAA gave 36.6% rooting. Free applications of SA did not give rise to any root formation. No synergistic effect was detected caused by simultaneous applications of 5 g.l -1 IBA combined with SA concentrations ranged between 2.5-10 g.l -1 . In both pre applications and post applications of SA strongly inhibited the rooting of cuttings compared to simultaneous applications of both substances. Interval of 15 days between auxin and SA application might be too long to exhibit the promised phase dependent effect of SA on root formation was concluded.


Developments in distinctive industries are resulting in increase of small particles in commercial waste water. Fine particle grading, separation, and recycling contain many problems, and the separation efficiency is directly attached to the financial advantages and environmental effects. This paper discusses the hydrocyclone performance related to the solids particle separation (metal swarfs resulted from machining) from water based coolants like MUSCLECOOL 744, Tectyl 296 AM, Polyclean MT 218,etc used in the Cummins Industry for machining processes. The solid separation efficiency in the hydrocyclone will be illustrated. A separate trolley is being made to carry the hydrocyclone along with the centrifugal pump for pumping the coolant from the sump tank of the machine and passing it to the hydrocyclone where the solid particles gets separated into the sludge pod of the hydrocyclone and the clean coolant goes forward to the onboard tank from where it is again pumped to the sump tank of the machine for further use. In this study, a hydrocyclone with a nominal diameter of 0.1 m was designed and tested for the separation of particles from coolant in the industry. Hydrocyclones have been used in various processes in industries for over a century.They are a simple and efficient device, but still widely misunderstood in the oil and gas industry. Hydrocyclones are generally used in numerous separation applications, overcoming conventional technical and economic operating problems. Hydrocyclone is a simple mechanical device which has no moving parts, where solid particles are separated from liquid with a minimum head loss. As its name suggests, it uses a cyclone or tangential injection flow process which results in the centrifugal forces and moving solids outwards.The scattered particles, move downwards in a spiral path into an underflow sludge pod, while clean liquid move upwards to the center of the spiral, towards the top outlet. Results of pressure, particle separation efficiency and fluid separation efficiency are presented and evaluated. From the study of results it is observed that the separation efficiency increases with the increase in the fluid flow velocity at the inlet of the hydrocyclone. .


Downloa kground: Lung cancer mortality in women is increasing across Europe, reflecting the alarming increase king prevalence. Understanding women's perception of smoking may help to identify ways to reduce valence and prevent uptake of smoking. The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with edge and beliefs about smoking and cancer among European women. thods: A cross-sectional landline telephone survey on health attitudes and knowledge was conducted in uropean countries: France, Ireland, Italy, the Czech Republic, and Sweden. A general linear modeling sed to explore the factors related to knowledge and beliefs about smoking and cancer. ults: A total of 5,000 women were interviewed (1,000 women from each country). The mean knowledge elief scores about smoking and cancer were lower in current smokers than those of never and former rs (P < 0.05). Women with above-the-median income (P = 0.001) and women who held skilled occupaeemed to be more knowledgeable about tobacco health risks (P < 0.001). The number of friends and who smoked was inversely associated with knowledge on the harmful effects of tobacco (P = 0.001). sh women were the most knowledgeable about tobacco-related cancer risk, whereas in France and Italy, t smokers were less knowledgeable. clusions: Knowledge and beliefs about cancer and smoking varied significantly by smoking status. act: Results emphasize the need to develop health education programs that enhance cancer knowlImp edge among women who currently smoke and are in low socioeconomic groups. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2811–20. ©2010 AACR.


Machine provides automatic baking of bread without involving any manual operations after the ingredients are put in the machine. The performace is unaffected by ambient temp. and kneading is made at a low speed of rotation with no violent vibration nor loud noise. A controller with an integral clock (microcomputer) is used to control the steps performed by the machine. These consists of the addn. of water to ingredients prearranged in a mixing chamber. Kneading is made by a vane or vanes attached to a motor-driven shaft. The necessary end-point of kneading is determined by a temp. sensor within a fixed rod in the mixing chamber.


The paper deals with changes in the diameter structure of particular tree species as well as with the selected production characteristics in the mixed virgin forest Hroncokovský Gruň. The object of the analysis was the diameter structure of particular tree species in developmental stages of virgin forest. The data were collected in the years 1972, 1982, 1992 and 2002 on permanent research plots 71.5 × 70 m (0.5 ha) in size. Diameter frequencies for particular tree species were approximated with the curves. The goal was to evaluate their mortality or vitality according to the strength of the correlation in developmental stages of the virgin forest. A strong correlation was confirmed in the advanced phase of the growth stage, whereas the strongest correlation was recorded for the ash. Beech as a virgin forest bearer had a medium strong correlation. For the advanced phase of the optimum stage lower values of the correlation coefficients were determined for all tree species. The growth vitality and thus lower mortality was characteristic of ma - ple and ash. Beech as a structure bearer is characterized by higher mortality and therefore a weaker correlation. In the breakdown stage the highest mortality was found for the fir, which is confirmed by the lowest value of the correlation coefficient. In the advanced phase of the optimum stage the highest mortality was recorded for the beech. The analysis of growth and production relationships was conducted on the transects of 3 permanent research plots 10 × 71.5 m in size (i.e. total size of 2,145 m 2 ). The analysis of the growth relationships between the crown and stem volume confirmed a strong correlation for beech and fir despite the fact they are present in the entire height profile of the virgin forest. The reason is that both of them are the shade-tolerant tree species. High correlation coefficients for maple and ash (R = 0.82 and R = 0.84) are the evidence of a distinctive influence of the assimilatory apparatus on the stem volume. The reason is the fact that both tree species are situated in the upper tree layer and have relatively enough space for the crown growth. The productive utilization of the crown space in the virgin forest confirmed the dominance of the beech as a structure bearer.


Abstract Chemical reactions associated with sulphur vulcanisation are complex; therefore, to identify the cure reaction of the rubber is not an easy task. The apparent kinetic parameters for such reaction usually show the observed conversion dependent and cannot be explained in mechanism. Advanced integral iso-conversional method is employed to obtain the kinetic parameters of the curing reaction of natural rubber/white carbon by using the non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry data in this paper. Coran and Ding's mechanism model is introduced to explain the phenomenon of conversion dependent. The predictions of mechanism scheme agree with the results obtained by iso-conversional method very well.


The invention relates to the technical fields of metal surface anti-corrosion and pipe connection and discloses a repair-proof welded connection technology of the inner walls of plastic-coated steel tubes. The welded connection technology comprises the following steps: a. removing rust of the steel tubes; b. spraying metal coating at the ends of the steel tubes through thermal spraying; c. preparing thin-walled stainless steel jackets; d. installing the thin-walled stainless steel jackets in the steel tubes, performing tube expansion to ensure that the thin-walled stainless steel jackets are lined to the inner walls of the steel tubes; e. flanging the ends of the thin-walled stainless steel jackets according to the root shape of the steel tubes to form turnups; f. coating hierarchical coating on the outer walls of the steel tubes; g. transferring the steel tubes with the thin-walled stainless steel jackets to a site; h. welding the thin-walled stainless steel jackets by using stainless steel welding rods; i. welding the steel tubes by using carbon steel welding rods; j. repairing the hierarchical coating on the outer surface of the steel tubes and k. detecting. The invention avoids the repair of the inner wall of the steel tubes, eliminates corrosion blind spots, can not reduce the internal diameter of the steel tubes and flow rate and can greatly improve the installation efficiency of pipes.


The flash pyrolysis of coal in a methane atmosphere leads to a significant improvement in total ethylene production by comparison with pyrolysis in an inert helium atmosphere. A study was undertaken to determine the fractional contribution of coal and methane feed toward formation of ethylene. The analytical method entails determination of TC distribution in coal, methane feed, and product ethylene. The TC distribution in alkyl side chains (or polymethylene moieties) of coal, which are considered to be likely precursors for ethylene, was found to be higher than in the remaining carbon skeleton. The data available show an interaction between methane and coal during entrained-flow flash pyrolysis of coal with methane with respect to the increase in ethylene yield. At 1000C and 50 psi methane, with a methane to coal ratio of 1.2, ethylene concentration in the product stream is 1.3% by volume. Of this, 41.8% is produced from coal and the remaining 58.2% is from methane feed. This corresponds to a carbon conversion of 1.9% from methane and 1.6% from coal. 7 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.


Against the cartographic opposition between cities and natures in modern western societies the idea of urban ecology has seemed little more than a contradiction in terms. But things are brewing in cities. The spaces and species that have been erased from urban visions and values now find themselves the subject of a 'greening' of urban policy that has gathered some momentum in the UK on at least two fronts. First, urban biodiversity is starting to be accorded the kind of conservation significance once reserved for rural and sparsely populated regions. So much so that the distinction between greenbelt and brown-field land is no longer an automatic marker of ecological value. In this, scientific energies are being newly invested in the importance of so-called 'recombinant ecology' (Barker, 2000). This refers to the biological communities assembled through the dense comings and goings of urban life, rather than the discrete and undisturbed relations between particular species and habitats that are the staple of conservation biology. Urban wildlife groups, amateur naturalists, voluntary organizations, no less than the highly visible animals and plants that make their way in and through cities, have been key players in this realignment of urban spaces and conservation concerns. Second, there is a growing sense in the urban policy community of the importance of this 'recombinant ecology' to what makes cities liveable and to the attachments of civic identity and association. Critical here is the extent to which this ecological fabric is constituted as a public good or urban commons, including leisure spaces such as parks and allotments; feral spaces such as abandoned railway sidings and derelict land; and remnant spaces such as waterways and woodlands. This gathering of energies has found expression in unprecedented policy investment in what has become known as the 'urban green'. Good examples include, the report of the Urban Green Taskforce (2002) Green Spaces: Better Places (www.dtlr.gov.uk); English Nature's new magazine Urbio on 'urban biodiversity and human culture' (March 2002) and the Government policy Science as Culture Vol. 15, No. 2, 123–138, June 2006


Brekhus WH (2015) Culture and Cognition: Patterns in the Social Construction of Reality. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Brekhus WH (1998) A sociology of the unmarked: Redirecting our focus. Sociological Theory 16(1): 34–51. Brekhus WH (1996) Social marking and the mental coloring of identity: Sexual identity construction and maintenance in the United States. Sociological Forum 11(3): 497–522. Thomas JM (2015a) Working to Laugh: Assembling Difference in American Stand-up Comedy Venues. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Thomas JM (2015b) Laugh through it: Assembling difference in an American stand-up comedy club. Ethnography 16(2): 166–186.


Described is a process for the manufacture of resin-impregnated carrier sheets for laminates intended for electrical applications, in particular a process for the manufacture of prepregs. The epoxy-based thermosetting resin system is free of solvent. The accelerator and the catalyst are completely soluble in the epoxy resin. Proposed for use as the catalyst is a thermolatent catalyst with a starting temperature TS preferably lying above 115 DEG C. Proposed as accelerators are phenol novolaks. The resin system is particularly suitable for application using hot-melt techniques.


In this paper, we present a unified approach for a camera tracking system based on an error-state Kalman filter algorithm. The filter uses relative (local) measurements obtained from image based motion estimation through visual odometry, as well as global measurements produced by landmark matching through a pre-built visual landmark database and range measurements obtained from radio frequency (RF) ranging radios. We show our results by using the camera poses output by our system to render views from a 3D graphical model built upon the same coordinate frame as the landmark database which also forms the global coordinate system and compare them to the actual video images. These results help demonstrate both the long term stability and the overall accuracy of our algorithm as intended to provide a solution to the GPS denied ubiquitous camera tracking problem under both vision-aided and vision-impaired conditions.


Green composites of waste silk short fibers/cellulose were prepared by dissolving cellulose in (7%NaOH/12%Urea) aqueous solution pre-cooled at −12°C. The effect of fiber loading on the tensile, optical, thermal degradation, and cell viability was studied. The interfacial bonding between the fibers and matrix was assessed using the fractograph.


Abstract This paper evaluates the impact of accounting and market-driven information on the prediction of bankruptcy for Greek firms using the discrete hazard approach. The findings show that a hazard model that incorporates three accounting ratio components of Z-score and three market-driven variables is the most appropriate model for the prediction of corporate financial distress in Greece. This model outperforms a univariate model that uses the expected default frequency (EDF) derived from the Merton distance to default model, a multivariate model that is exclusively based on accounting variables, a model that combines the EDF and accounting variables, and a multivariate model that uses only market-driven variables. Classification accuracy and bankruptcy forecast tests confirm the main results. The model is also able to sustain high long-term performance when augmenting the forecast horizon from one to two and three years.


Outcome measures are becoming mandatory in the NHS. One of the issues now arising is whose outcomes are being measured? Different professionals may have different outcome priorities and these may be different from the patients own desired outcomes.


The utility model discloses a high stability drilling bit which comprises a drilling bit body, a PDC cutting piece, stability elements and a nozzle, wherein the stability elements are arranged at the rear face of the PDC cutting piece, and the exposure height of the stability elements is lower than the exposure height of the PDC cutting piece; the materials of the stability elements can be hard alloys and can also be natural diamond or artificial polycrystalline diamond. The utility model has the advantage of high stability, and the utility model can efficiently drill into a hard and soft staggered stratum.


Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L. sensu latiore, Rosaceae) is
 perennial herbaceous plant, widely known in European herbal
 tradition for its astringent activity, wound healing and gynaecological properties.
 Herbal drug consists of dried flowering aerial parts of the plant, whole or
 cut, including the minimum of 6 % of tannins within the content. Ellagitannins
 are very important active compounds of the Lady's mantle, among which agrimoniin,
 laevigatin F and pedunculagin are the major ones. With respect to the
 high amount and diversity of phenolic compounds, this plant species offers a
 great potential for the variety of biological activities. Some of the relevant information
 on biological activities, chemical composition and the common uses,
 which are reported in the literature until now, are given within this short review.


Combining the geometry with the algebra, the convergence and divergence properties of SOR iterative methord are discussed for solving the linear system Ax=b with (1, 2) consistently ordered matrix, when all the eigenvalues of the B(superscript 3 subscript J) are nonpositive and nonnegative respectively. Finally, the analogous results are provided for the case when all the eigenvalues of the B(superscript 3 subscript J) are real, then examples are given to illustrate the results, where B(subscript J) is the associated Jacobi iterative matrix, A∈C(superscript n×n), x∈C(superscript n), b∈C(superscript n).


Background: Advancements in healthcare demonstrated that stem cells could be used for the management of various ailments. This encouraging data supports the aim of applying stem cell treatment in medicine. Therefore, it is essential that future dentists be updated on stem cell therapy in order to further regenerative medicine. Aim: To find out the perception of house surgeons and postgraduate students regarding the future prospects of stem cell therapy. Methodology: In this survey, 414 dental students were invited to participate, and 375 interns and PG students responded. A 26 items self designed structured, closed-ended questions were used to assess their perceptions regarding the future prospects of stem cell therapy. Results: About 73% of our students had knowledge on dental stem cell therapy, and they primarily cited books, journals, and websites as their sources. Nearly 53% of them stated lack of awareness among patients as the major obstacle to receiving dental stem cell treatment. Conclusion: The study concluded that interns and PGs' had a favourable perception of dental stem cell therapy. However, the knowledge was insufficient. Hence, they should be educated regarding dental stem cells and their prospective utilization in regenerative oral health care.


Considerable research has been devoted to investigating variations in disease susceptibility using SNPs associated with the individual cooccurrence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genetic and phenotypic variability. Without the raw genotype data, these association studies are difficult to conduct and often omit SNP interactions, thus limiting their reliability and potential applicability. In this study, we apply a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to detect and identify the best protective SNP barcodes (i.e., SNP combinations and genotypes with a maximum difference between cases and controls) associated with chronic dialysis patients. SNP barcodes containing different numbers of SNPs were computed. We evaluated the combined effects of 27 SNPs related to nine published epigenetic modifier-related genes on breast cancer. Eleven different SNP combinations were found to be protective associated with the risk of breast cancer (odds ratio, OR p-value in silico analysis.


AIM
To explore the relationship between acupuncture therapeutic method and the cognizing potential P300 of AD patients.

METHODS AND RESULTS
We introduced P300 into the studying area for AD, and found the N2, P3 latent period evidently prolonged and amplitude reduced significantly in AD patients compared with the control group. The research affirmed that acupuncture could excite the cognizing potential P300 for AD patients.

CONCLUSION
P300 could be an effective measure for the diagnosis and evaluation of AD treatment. Acupuncture could affect the cognizing potential P300.


Mountain tourism is one of the traditional and important forms of tourism in China. In mountain tourism, the interaction between tourists often occurs, and is paid attention to in tourism sociology. In the field of tourism research, it involves a large number of host-guest interaction studies in tourism destinations, but there is little research on the interaction between tourists. Therefore, in the study of mountain-type scenic spots, we can also study the tourist interaction from the perspective of tourist experience and symbolic interaction theory.


The present paper describes an experiment into the effects of sharing vs. receiving roles in a behavior change intervention over a social platform, Twitter. The purpose of the experiment was to explore the possible difference in how participation styles (tweeting vs. non-tweeting) affected the participants' perceived health behavior. Participants (N=30) in two groups were either to encourage healthier eating by tweeting, or to read these messages in a Twitter feed. The findings from PLS-SEM analysis suggest that the different roles lead to different perceived health behavior outcomes. Social influence factors appeared to boost the tweeting group's efficacy appraisals, but that efficacy was not seen to influence the perceived health behavior. For the non-tweeting group, efficacy appraisal influenced perceived health behavior. These observations led to the conclusion that the tweeting role may affect one's perception of one's actual health behavior, and that for non-tweeters receiving peer support over social media supports health behavior.


Cloud computing has become a mainstream in providing computing resources as services. Recent cloud computing systems are composed of homogeneous hardware resources. Heterogeneous cloud computing can provide better performance and energy efficiency than homogeneous cloud computing. Therefore, heterogeneous cloud computing is expected to be used widely. In general, memory management policy has huge impact on the performance of heterogeneous computing systems. In this paper, we analyze three memory management policies for heterogeneous cloud computing systems. According to our experimental results, dynamic partition memory management policy provides better performance than static partition memory management policy by 4.65% on the average.


In this work we will apply a novel extraction procedure to characterize interfacial states and border traps in InGaAs and Ge MOSFETs. The extraction technique, which will allow profiling the defect distributions in the (E,z) dielectric bandgap, is based on the simultaneous simulation of C-V and G-V characteristic over a wide frequency range. The impact of minority carrier generation mechanisms taking place in the semiconductor will be deeply investigated, as its impact is essential when the technique is applied to direct low-bandgap semiconductors such as InGaAs and Ge. Results will confirm that the minority carrier generation has to carefully consider to avoid overestimating the extracted defect density.


Entrepreneurship is one of the efforts for increasing the number of unemployment in Indonesia. In addition to favorable economic terms, most entrepreneurial activity is also very helpful efforts in meeting the needs of society, either directly or indirectly. One of them is easily developed is the effort related to the hobby by utilizing the existing opportunities, one of which is engaged in culinary and snack or browse variant product is brown butter "choconesia"
Contents brown butter variant "choconesia" is prilane chocolate variant with the contents of jam. Choconesia different from the others, because we make bervarian jam jam in chocolate and not a "chocolate various flavors" are rampant in the market. Writers will exploit this potential as a promising business opportunities that arise culinary business idea or snacks that will benefit the brand products choconesia.
The author has run a business that has been planned. From the results of the financial statements in accordance with the implementation of their business, then the author can assume the financial statements for the business in the future. The authors have done a calculation of financial analysis efforts during the first years. From the analysis, it is known that the rate is 23.26% Choconesia ROI, ROI means Choconesia good enough because the greater the ROI, increasingly favored by prospective investors. Pay back period (PBP) Choconesia within a period of 8 months 13 days choconesia business investment will return, meaning that quite well because the faster the return on investment costs of a business, the business is getting better as more smooth turnover. And the rate of 230.70% returnnya means is greater than 100%, which means that the business is feasible or acceptable to proceed.


The purpose of this current study was to measure the knee joint angle and plantar pressure distribution between hallux valgus group and normal group under jogging condition. To reveal relationship of plantar pressure distribution and knee joint angle. Investigated that lower extremity mechanics of jogging in young female with mild hallux valgus. Sixteen young, healthy females volunteered to take part in this study. Kinematic data from a three-dimensional motion analysis system and plantar pressure distribution from Pedar-X system were collected to describe lower extremity mechanics while hallux valgus subjects jogging at a natural speed. The results found that knee joint angle of hallux valgus in frontal and transverse plane was obviously different under jogging condition. In frontal plane, the initial state of adduction angle (control group (CO) = 1.73 °, hallux valgus group (HV) = 8.33 °) of two group was markedly different at the beginning of the support (0-10%). During jogging gait cycle, knee abduction angle peak of normal group was 8.46°, and knee adduction angle peak of hallux valgus group was 8.61°. In the transverse plane, knee external rotation angle in the initial state of normal group was 21.93° while knee external rotation angle of hallux valgus was 4.89°. The results of plantar pressure found that bearing pressure regions was offshore in hallux valgus group. These changes would affect the movement of knee joint, and it suggested that hallux valgus group have higher risk for knee osteoarthritis. These results also suggested that hallux valgus deformity has influence on knee joint. We cannot be ignored in the process of the research and therapeutic with hallux valgus.


Suppose that A is a training set and B is a subset of A.B is generated by selecting some representative samples from A.This paper draws such a conclusion that,for appropriately selected B,the generalization capability of decision tree trained on B is better than the decision tree trained on A.Furthermore,an algorithm of generating B by selecting representative samples from A is designed.And from the viewpoints of data distribution and information entropy,the algorithm is analyzed.


A method of finding the directions of the principal axes of stress at any point of a "frozen" photoelastic model by the use of a simplified form of universal tilting stage is described. This results in more direct and more accurate measurement of the principal stress-differences at the point.