In this work, we experimentally explore the correlation between DC parameters extracted from the device I/sub c/-V/sub ce/ curve and large-signal load-pull performance. We define a set of "saturation parameters" from the I/sub c/-V/sub ce/ curve that allow for comparisons of different materials and technologies. These parameters are then compared to typical load-pull parameters. Our results show that the assumption that DC parameters correlate to the PAE is only valid close to class A operation. As more realistic conditions are used (towards class AB and class E), this assumption is no longer valid.


The article inquires into the consequences of Zeyskaya hydro-electric power station activation in the Amur River region. The author considers the implications to be of complex character, with both positive and negative aspects, which are described in details.


With the development of science and technology, since the ad emerging of computers, life is becoming faster and faster, and social development is becoming faster and faster. With the development of the times, big data is frequently mentioned, in this context, as well as in the context of the current promotion of national rejuvenation, more and more mention of Chinese clothing, and because the purchase of clothes is mainly women, so chinese women's clothing mention rate is the highest. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is mainly to explore the reform differences of Chinese women's consumption concept under the background of computer big data. After collecting the data by looking for the appropriate algorithm, this paper analyzes the differences between chinese women's consumption differences before and after the reform, and discusses them in order to experiment to get the data results. The experimental results show that with the development of the times, the difference of Chinese women's consumption concept is changing more and more.


Goedenia steyskali, n. sp., is a nearly monophagous, univoltine fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) reared from and studied in the flower heads of Grindelia hirsutula Hooker and Arnott var. halli (Steyermark) M. A. Lane belonging to the family Asteraceae, tribe Astereae, and subtribe Solidagininae, like all other known hosts of Goedenia spp. This tephritid also has been reared from Grindelia camporum E. Greene. A key to Goedenia spp. in North America North of Mexico is provided that incorporates this new species. This new species is distinguished from all other North American congeners by the combination of its extensively darkened legs, an uninterrupted discal wing band that rarely attains the posterior wing margin, and the prominent, central, tawny or yellow area on the scutellum. The second- and third-instar larvae and puparium also are partially described and figured, and selected characteristics of these stages are compared with the same stages of other species of Goedenia. The anterior thoracic spiracle bears four papillae in the second instar and three papillae in the third instar. The third instar of G. steyskali lacks oral ridges, as do the third instars of four other congeners studied to date. Among these same congeners, the third instar of G. steyskali has the fewest minute acanthae and pores in the center of the truncated, posteriorly sclerotized, caudal segment. In turn, these structures and a pair of posterior spiracular plates are ringed by two to three, concentric, incomplete series of shallow, elliptical depressions. The life cycle is of the aggregative type. The first and second instars feed on ovules and soft achenes, but the latter instar after or near final molt begins to feed like the third instar in the receptacle, which may be mined extensively, and on sap. Overwintering occurs as sexually immature adults, or mainly as prepuparial third instars and puparia in flower heads on dead plants in apically open, thin-walled, vasiform cells consisting of floret and achene fragments glued together with dried liquid feces and sticky sap. The flattened, dark, sclerotized caudal segment of the third instar serves as a plug that tightly closes the mouth of the cell, yet allows repiration, and thus apparently also may serve to shield the larva from arthropod predators during overwintering. Overwintered puparia of G. steyskali were parasitized by chalcidoid Hymenoptera in the genera Eurytoma (Eurytomidae), Pteromalus (Pteromalidae), and Torymus (Torymidae) as probable, primary, solitary, larval-pupal endoparasitoids.


Forest vegetation carbon dynamics are widely considered as basic indicators of the capacity of a forest ecosystem for carbon sequestration and carbon exchange with the atmosphere and the ability of the forest ecosystem to function as a carbon sink or source. Forest management practices such as harvesting,afforestation,and reforestation are the most important factors that influence forest carbon dynamics. Therefore,elucidation of the effects of human silvicultural activities on forest ecosystem dynamics will provide a valuable insight into ways of expanding the size of the carbon pool and improvingthe ecological environment of China. Previous studies have attempted to identify the factors that affect forest carbon sequestration; however,most of these investigations focused on a single factor and did not consider the interactions occurring between multiple factors. In addition, most previous studies were conducted on a small scale, and no investigations conducted at a regional or larger scale examined the influence of interactions occurring between multiple factors on forest carbon sequestration. Forest dynamic models represent a valuable tool for resolving this problem; however,existing models do not adequately reflect the interactive effects of multiple factors such as forest management practices,climate change,and other human-induced disturbances on forest carbon storage. In the present study,we used a vector autoregression( VAR) model that included seven parameters( factors)( timber output,forest-tending area,area affected by forest diseases and / or pests,fire-affected area,reforestation area,annual total precipitation,and annual average temperature) to simulate forest carbon storage dynamics in Shanxi Province. The results of variable stationary and cointegration analyses revealed that the investigated variables exhibited a single whole-sequence order at the 5% significance level; in addition,they showed long-term stable equilibrium. Hence,we applied each variable to the VAR model and used the model stationary test to show that all the characteristic roots of the VAR model were 1,i.e.,these roots fell within the unit circle. Our results indicate that the VAR model system is stable and meets the prerequisites for identifying the effects of multiple factors on forest vegetation carbon storage dynamics. Finally,we used impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to show that forest pests and timber output had significant negative impacts on carbon storage and contributed to a high degree of 5. 61% and 4. 52%,respectively. Forest tending and artificial reforestation had weakly negative effects on carbon storage,whereas forest fires,precipitation,and temperature had no significant effects on carbon storage. Taken together,our findings verify the suitability of the VAR model for identifying the effects of multiple factors on forest ecosystem carbon storage dynamics. Therefore,in future studies,this model can be used to analyze factors that influence forest vegetation carbon storage at a provincial scale.


A method is described for obtaining targets up to 30 ..mu..m thick from milliquantities of isotropic oxidizing rare-earth metals (Nd, Pr, Ce, La) by means of their vacuum-thermal reduction from hafnium oxides followed by evaporation of the metal and deposition of a film, protecting the metal layers from oxidation in air, on the target.


The critical problem by implementation the EU RoHS directive is assurance of existing level of electronic products reliability. For accelerated reliability testing of soldered joints was developed the test stand for mechanical cycling. The test samples of printed circuits with soldered components are bent with constant radius at all length of the printed circuit. Some information about mechanical testing of soldered joints are described in literature. FEM analysis and characteristics obtained by testing of SMT PC boards showed that new method can be useful and in certain cases it can replace expensive thermal cycling. First investigations showed that new method seems to be perspective, because of low costs and short test time, especially for testing of lead -free technology implemented by small producers of electronic equipment.


A constant voltage-frequency parallel control method based on dividing frequency complex virtual impedance is proposed in this paper. First, the output current, the LC filter capacitor voltage and output current by each of the inverters are separated into fundamental and each harmonic. Set the dividing frequency virtual negative impedance which contains the virtual negative impedance and the virtual resistance of fundamental and each harmonic. The virtual negative impedance is set to offset the accurately measured part in the line impedance. Put the fundamental and each order harmonic virtual impedance into the fundamental and each harmonic voltage feedback loop in order to modify the voltage control loop. The method improves the output voltage quality of each parallel inverter effectively and suppresses the circulation when system with nonlinear loads. The simulation results are provided to verify the validity of the control strategy.


The Internet of Things (IoT) is being
well acquire to the next era of revolutionary
generations amongst the new technologies. IoT
technology being hailed so hard we had to stop in
our society, smart homes, enterprises, and smart
cities. Dynamics of smart one's are increasingly
being equipped with a profusion of IoT devices.
Due to the tremendous upgradation of knowledge
in various aspects impresarios of such smart
environments may not even be fully aware of
their working nature or principles of IoT devices,
assets and functioning properly safe from cyberattacks. In this paper, we addressing this
challenge by developing a robust framework for
IoT device classification using traffic
characteristics obtained at the level of network
level. As a part of robust framework, firstly, we
have a tendency to instrument a smart
environment with 28 completely different IoT
devices, spanning cameras, lights, plugs, motion
sensors, appliances and health-monitors. We
have a tendency to collect and synthesize traffic
traces from this framework infrastructure for a
period of 6 months, a type of subset of which we
release as open data for the community to use.
Second, we have to present or gifts the insights
into the underlying network traffic
characteristics using statistical and applied
mathematical attributes such as activity cycles,
port numbers, signaling patterns and cipher
suites. Third, we have a tendency to develop a
multi-stage machine learning based classification
algorithm and demonstrate its ability to identify
specific IoT devices with over 99% accuracy
based on their network flow of activity. Finally,
we have a tendency to discuss the trade-offs
between cost, speed, and performance involved in
deploying the classification network framework
in real-time. Our study paves the way for
impresarios of smart environments to monitor
their IoT devices and assets for presence,
functionality, and cyber-security without
requiring any specialized devices or protocols.


The analytical expression for the density-of-states (DOS) of single-layer graphene interacting with the SiC surface (epitaxial graphene) is obtained. The silicon carbide DOS is described within the scope of the Haldane-Anderson model. It is shown that due to the interaction with the substrate the gap of about 0.01-0.06 eV arises in the epitaxial graphene DOS. The estimation indicates that the electron charge of about (−10-3) e/atom transfers from the substrate to graphene.


We can easily evaluate similarities between concepts within semantic domains, e.g. doctor and nurse, or violin and piano. Here, we show that people are also able to evaluate similarities across domains, e.g. aligning doctors with pianos and nurses with violins. We argue that understanding how people do this is important for understanding conceptual organization and the ubiquity of metaphorical language. We asked people to answer questions of the form 'If a nurse were an animal, they would be a(n) …' (Experiments 1 and 2) and asked them to explain the basis for their response (Experiment 1). People converged to a surprising degree (e.g. 20% answered 'cat'). In Experiment 3, we presented people with cross-domain mappings of the form 'If a nurse were an animal, they would be a cat' and asked them to indicate how good each mapping was. The results showed that the targets people chose and their goodness ratings of a given response were predicted by similarity along abstract semantic dimensions such as valence, speed and genderedness. Reliance on such dimensions was also the most common explanation for their responses. Altogether, we show that people can evaluate similarity between very different domains in predictable ways, suggesting either that seemingly concrete concepts are represented along relatively abstract dimensions (e.g. weak–strong) or that they can be readily projected onto these dimensions. This article is part of the theme issue 'Concepts in interaction: social engagement and inner experiences'.


The structures for 12 and 13 in the published Scheme 4 were inadvertently drawn incorrectly, with the methyl and cyclohexyl groups transposed in the original structures.

The corrected Scheme 4 appears below.


The western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae) oviposits eggs into sweet, Prunus avium (L.) and sour, Prunus cerasus L. cherries (Rosaceae) in western Canada (Banham and Arrand 1978). The larvae feed in the fruit through three instars before they drop to the orchard floor and burrow into the soil to pupate for ca. 9 10 months (Madsen and Procter 1985). Tropical fruit fly species, including Anastrepha ludens (Loew) and several Ceratitis species (Diptera: Tephritidae), are susceptible in pre-imaginal stages to infection by several isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) sensu latu (LezamaGutiérrez et al. 2000; Ekesi, Maniania, and Lux 2002; Ekesi, Maniana, and Lux 2003; Destéfano, Bechara, Messias, and Piedrabuena 2005; Mochi, Monteiro, DeBortoli, Dória, and Barbosa 2006; Quesada-Moraga, Ruiz-Garcı́a, and Santiago-Álvarez 2006). This susceptibility suggests the possible use of the entomopathogenic fungus as a suppressive soil treatment for tephritid flies. However, studies to date have concluded that temperate Tephritidae are not susceptible to infection by M. anisopliae isolates when exposed in pre-adult stages (Yee and Lacey 2005; Daniel and Wyss 2009). The European fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (Linnaeus), was found to be unsusceptible to two M. anisopliae isolates when dipped in suspensions as late third instars (Daniel and Wyss 2009) and R. indifferens larvae allowed to pupate in soil superficially treated with a M. anisopliae isolate were also found to be uninfected (Yee and Lacey 2005). Bioassays of temperate Rhagoletis species with pathogens are difficult to evaluate due to the insects' extensive pupal diapause. Cold storage of Rhagoletis pupae under


occur. The patients were selected from the Virus Clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, and all had recently suffered from virus infection of the corneal epithelium of one eye, with subsequent development of central disciform keratitis. All the patients had reached a stage when the epithelium had healed and there was minimal stromal activity. In general the cornea showed slight central swelling and some cellular infiltration in the more superficial and in the deeper layers of the stroma; in each patient the contralateral eye was unaffected and provided a control.


Abstract : This report describes the theory and methodology for estimating the parameters of a dynamic retention model for Air Force officers. The model was designed to estimate voluntary retention rates under a broad range of compensation, retirement, and personnel policies. It is a decisions model of the decisionmaking process of individuals making stay/leave decisions over time in an uncertain environment, which allows it to predict policy changes that have no historical analogues. The report presents the theory and estimated parameters of the model, compares actual retention rates and those predicted by the model, and two competing models, and examines five illustrative changes in compensation policies.


ABSTRACT In China, about 1.5 × 105 m3 soil was contaminated by TNT red water, which contained mainly dinitrotoluene sulfonates (DNTS). These nitroaromatic explosives are toxic and exhibit human mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. Biotechnology capable of decontaminating these contaminated sites and applicable to a larger scale field application was in urgent need. A two-year pilot study was conducted in the TNT red water contaminated sites (1000 m3). The sites were treated by integrated treatment technologies of "Desorption-Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation-Phytoremediation." Soil samples were taken every six months to determine the concentration of nitro-aromatic compounds. Acute toxicity and Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolytic activity tests were conducted to evaluate the remediation effect. After 2 years of remediation, the total nitroaromatic compounds were effectively removed, with the average removal efficiency of 99.88% and 90.47% in sites planted with alfalfa and reed, respectively. The toxicity was significantly reduced. The average luminescence inhibition ratio reduced from 92.64% to 3.37% and 29.16%, respectively. The soil microbial activity was significantly improved, with the highest FDA hydrolase activity in the surface layer. The remediation costs for the treatment of 1 cubic meter of contaminated soil were estimated to approximately $126 US. The integrated technologies used have huge potential for decontaminating munitions contaminated sites.


Abstract : This operations guide provides information needed to set up and operate the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory/Kelly Vail (CERL/K-V) system for determining water and cement content of fresh concrete. The guide describes the system's capabilities (including its capability to estimate potential concrete strength), limitations, and accuracy, and details the required equipment, reagents, and procedures. A guide for analyzing test results and a description of a mobile miniaturized field unit are presented.


Objective To investigate the satisfaction of doctors,nurses and patients to care services of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter(PICC).Methods A total of 429 clients including 98 doctors,149 nurses and 182 patients were recruited and investigated with satisfaction to PICC care services questionnaire.Results The mean scores of satisfaction among doctors,nurses and patients were(90.40±1.79),(83.20±2.17),(86.00±2.39),respectively.The satisfaction score of doctors was higher than nurses(P0.05).Conclusion The satisfaction degrees of doctors,nurses and patients to PICC care services are higher.It means that PICC care services have significant value of clinical application.


How do managers know if they measure up? How can they excel in their careers - or even safeguard their jobs? Many companies now use a crucial benchmark to assess managerial performace: a set of essential skills called "core competencies". This text provides a guide to mastering more than 50 core competencies. It shows managers how to: recognize skills critical for success; determine personal strengths and weaknesses; and acquire or enhance skills in four key areas - leadership, continuous improvement, team management, and life and career planning.


The short-term effect of three tillage systems [minimum (MT), reduced (RT), and conventional (CT)] on growth and yield components of two six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 'Athinaida' and 'Plaisant') in presence or absence of sterile oat (Avena sterilis L.) was studied in northern Greece during the 2003-2004 (Yr 1) and 2004-2005 (Yr 2) growing seasons. Sterile oat was controlled using a post-emergence (POST) application of imazamethabenz [(±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-4(and 5)-methylbenzoic acid (3:2)) at the early tillering stage of barley. The competitive ability of both barley cultivars against sterile oat was similar. Sterile oat total fresh weight and stem number were less in CT compared to those in RT and MT in Yr 1, a wet growing season, but were greater in Yr 2, a dry growing season. Barley grain yield was greatest and not affected by tillage in Yr 1 whereas in Yr 2, overall yield was lower and MT reduced grain yield by 14% compared to yield in RT and CT treatments. Furthermore, averaged across tillage system and barley cultivar, total weight, ear number, and grain yield of barley grown with sterile oat interference was lower by 10 to 33%, 16 to 45%, and 20 to 38%, respectively, to that of barley grown where sterile oat was controlled. These results indicate that both barley cultivars had satisfactory competitive ability against sterile oat and minimum or reduced tillage systems could be viable as short-term alternative management systems for barley production.


The effect of wind on the race times of international standard 100-m sprinters was determined using statistical information from official competitions. A time adjustment curve derived from mathematical models was fitted to performances by the finalists at the U.S. Olympic Trials and TAC Championships over the last 10 years, and to multiple performances by individual athletes at recent Olympic Games and World Championships. Consistent results were obtained from the two studies. The rate of improvement in. race time gradually decreased with increasing wind velocity, and so the disadvantage of a head wind was greater than the benefit of a tail wind of the same magnitude. The advantage of a 2-m/s following wind was 0.10 ± 0.01 s for the male sprinters and 0.12 ± 0.02 s for the female sprinters. These results indicated that the altitude of Mexico City (2,250 m) provides an advantage of about 0.07 s. Time adjustment versus wind velocity curves are presented that allow comparison of the merit of 100-m sprint tim...


The present study is an application of the actual-genetic model of perception-personality (Kragh ( 1955) ) , by means of the analysis of pre-cognitive organization in one case of dipsomania, a male patient 43 years of age. As the concept of actualgenesis is probably unknown to most readers it may be legitimate to give a brief sketch of the experimental method used in the investigations. A picture is presented by the tachistoscope, first at 13 milliseconds (msecs), then at 17 msecs etc., exposure time being increased progressively in a geometrical progression to 1250 msecs. Three pictures have been used: the TAT picture No. 1 (Series A ) , a picture from the film "Oliver Twist" (Series B ) , and the TAT picture 12M, the upright male person having been erased (Series C). Each picture has been exposed at least 1 7 times, and in one instance as many as 25 times. Records have been made after each exposure; the patient has been instructed simply to tell exactly what he has seen, and at the same time to draw a picture of it. There have been no additional instructions. Immediately after he has recorded his impressions, the next exposure has taken place.


For covering a specified wide circular area with a tilted sectoral beam, this paper proposes compact beam-tilted multimode horns based on coaxial dual-path guides and shaped dielectric-lens onto the horn aperture. We present two design examples with a beam tilted up to 20 degrees for 24 GHz radio-sensor systems. One is constructed with an axially symmetrical structure and also is fed by a bend waveguide, and the other is loaded with an eccentric circular waveguide and an asymmetrical dielectric-lens for tilting the beam. We verify effectiveness of the proposed antennas from evaluating the radiation patterns and VSWR numerically and experimentally.


Is Paul to be considered primarily as a good rhetorician or as a skilled theologian, or both? This article discusses the old tension between rhetorical persuasion and philosophical truth by focusing on how Paul presents his theological conviction in epistolary and rhetorical form, in particular through the use of the diatribe, the enthymeme, and prosōpopoiia. In conclusion, it becomes evident that Paul cherished the revelatory conviction of the gospel of God which saves everyone through the life-giving faithfulness of Jesus Christ and that this conviction served as an axiomatic presupposition of his rhetorical arguments. Attention to the intertwined character of rhetoric and theology in Paul's letters holds promise for a theological thinking that is textual and as such open to a web of meanings and meaning-effects.


Observations are presented which indicate that the recently described native rodent Pseudomyschapmani, rather thanP. hermannsburgensis, constructs the pebble mounds mentioned by Ride (1970). Some aspects of active mounds, and the habitats of the Pebble-mound Mouse, are described. The distribution of P. chapmani pebble mounds is ol.1tlined. In the Gascoyne and Murchison districts these stone nests may be relicts indicating the former distribution of the species. OBSERVATIONS Many observers have noted pebble mounds (Ride 1970) or stone nests (Davies 1970) in the north-west of Western Australia. Ride (1970) attribu ted these structures to the widespread Sandy Inland Mouse Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (Waite, 1896). However, over much of its range in arid Australia this mouse has been collected from short, simple burrows (Kitchener 1980, Philpott & Smyth 1967, A: Baynes, pers. comm. and P. Woolley, pers. comm.) and only in the north-west is it found inhabiting pebble mounds. During a biological survey in 1979, specimens of an undescribed Pseudo mys were pit-trapped by the authors 31 km south-east of Mt Meharry in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. During the year 12 iJ::}dividuals were captured on traplines set near active pebble mounds. A new species, Pseudomys chapmani Kitchener, 1980, was described using the first four specimens collected in 1979 and earlier specimens collected in the late 1950s by E.H.M. Ealey on stations north-east of the Hamersley Ranges (Kitchener 1980). Significantly, many of the earlier specimens, which were then not regarded as distinct from P. hermannsburgensis, were collected


This paper analyses empirically the determinants of exchange rate regime choice in 17 MENA countries. For this purpose, we use both de jure and de facto regime classifications test and estimate a series of binomial and multinomial probit models. Regressions results highlight the important influence of two factors: trade openness and oil export capacity.


Different techniques have been used to detect and characterize delaminations between concrete and Fibre-Reinforced Polymers applied as reinforcement of civil structures. The main aim of this work is to develop a reliable and confident nondestructive testing procedure to characterize the location and size of delaminations. Thermal modelling and experiments on concrete bonded with FRP and containing defects properly created at the interface are presented. The influence on the evaluation of defects of the heating, the kind of FRP and the finishing layer of the reinforcement are analysed. Finally, a comparison between thermography and ultrasonic wave measurements will be carried out. The cross evaluation allows to analyse not only artificial defects but natural ones.


South Africa's neoliberal agri-food system and agrarian transformation are characterised by highly exclusionary dynamics. Over the past decades, the country's agricultural and food policies have followed a neoliberal ideology to satisfy and compete in the global market. In this way, the government has been creating an enabling environment for corporate activities which path the way for large food retailers and large-scale agriculture. Throughout these developments and the country's history of oppression many farm workers and farmers have been expelled from the countryside. Today, we are confronted with dynamic realities of jobless de-agrarianisation. Many left the countryside in hope for a better future in cities. However, harsh urban lifeworlds including food insecurity are an everyday reality. 26% of South Africa's population is experiencing hunger. In view of these challenges, many deprived urban dwellers have turned to food production on empty plots and at the fringes of cities to to make a living and to meet their nutritional needs. While this might be termed as economy from below, it moreover presents a breeding ground for progressive social movements which claim access to healthy and affordable food, land, and water. In recent years, this kind of initiatives gained momentum in cities across the country. The paper departs from fieldwork in South Africa between 2015 and 2017. As such this paper draws out in depth analysis about an urban food producer movement in George, Western Cape. This group of more than 700 farmers and gardeners is rooted in the urban working class including many retrenched and un(der)employed dwellers. While many are socioeconomically deprived and are suffering from nutritional deficiencies, members are promoting urban food production, healthy nutrition, and sharing and selling of the literal fruits of their labour. Drawing on Marxist traditions and particularly Lefebvre's approach of the right to city, the everyday politics of these food producers are investigated. Based on qualitative research, this work provides insights into the economic structures, solidarity practices, and diverse forms of resistance in everyday life. The main part sheds light on the construction of a progressive social movement and demonstrates the ways that these practices can both resist and be captured by neoliberalism. For instance, the failures of the welfare state contribute to informal practices of growing and selling food, which are often considered as marginal and neglected. However, those self-help mechanisms and alternatives do not only serve the poor; several practices are demonstrated to be constitutive of the neoliberal economy and the exclusionary agri-food system in place. In this way, radical change remains challenging. In the long run, the key findings exemplify that the dynamics of (rural) de-agrarianisation partly shift the agrarian question to urban areas. In this light, the emergence of agrarian citizenship in cities needs to be discussed, which might even build the link to the re-peasantisation debate.


Recently, a wide class of market segments (e.g., health, material science, security, and communications) is tackled by circuits fabricated in BiCMOS technology, integrating silicon–germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) and passives. Currently, the reliability of SiGe HBT devices is a major concern, and much attention is given to self-heating (SH), that limits device performance and regulates their degradation during stress. Moreover, its relevance is supposed to increase with device scaling. In this paper, we explore the reliability issues of SiGe HBTs by combining dedicated experiments and TCAD simulations. We develop and calibrate a TCAD model that is then used to investigate SH effects in both operating and stress conditions. Results show the important role played by the back-end-of-line (BEOL) and by the substrate thermal resistance in dissipating the heat generated by impact ionization. The location at which defects are generated during stress and the microscopic properties of the defects are determined experimentally by means of dedicated noise measurements. Including defects in the TCAD model allows reproducing the degradation observed in stress experiments. Simulations of the SH effects on a stressed device in measurement conditions revealed the presence of a hole hot spot that suggests a possible physical mechanism involved in the degradation slowdown at long stress times reported in the literature.


By using study approaches such as literature data,mathematical statistics and logic analysis,the authors carried out statistical analysis on information of theses accepted in 《Physical Education》 periodical literatures reprinted by China People's University 2001-2004,and revealed the following findings: Physical Education mainly reprinted research achievements in sports humanities sociology in full text,showing up-to-date character,leading edge,and policy making character;articles in the aspects of sports research,sports industry,sports event summarization and scholastic sports are the major targets for reprinting;Chinese major periodicals in PE category and major periodicals in China humanities social sciences are the main sources for the articles reprinted;Physical Education has a high volume of reprinted theses which are about the topics of projects funded by the state,province or ministry,or written by persons with a senior title of professional post,doctors or maters,thus being an import periodical for sports academic communication in China.


This book, designed to stimulate renewed interest in the Ž eld of reminiscence, is the second written by the team of authors. The Ž rst, Groupwork with the Elderly (1987) described their work with the elderly including reminiscence as a mode of therapy with this group. Now the authors present a number of interesting arguments for rethinking the nature of "reminiscence therapy." Since this book was extrapolated from the authors' accrued knowledge on the topic, there are few references. Nevertheless, it is well written, Ž lled with detail, and provokes introspective thought. The book contains a number of "cookbook" type lists that will appeal to a variety of readers. Because of the authors' ability to articulate a potential for the use of reminiscence in ways not previously discussed, this book will be of interest to a wide range of professional readers. For example, persons interested in learning more about reminiscence therapy in a general sense, those who use reminiscence in their daily practice, and those who manage health care systems might all be interested in this book. There are four sections: the Ž rst provides a context for the others. Section two elaborates on the use of reminiscence therapy with clients; the third describes how reminiscence therapy can beneŽ t careers; and the fourth describes reminiscence as a unit philosophy.


Summary Avian species often take advantage of human-made structures, such as perching on power poles, although this can lead to negative effects for both birds and infrastructure. It has been demonstrated that anchor-type pylons, with strain insulators, are amongst the most dangerous of these structures. Our goal was to develop a methodological approach to evaluate the ways in which raptors perch on the six most commonly used strain insulator configurations in Spain, and to build a risk index that can be used to prioritise them. To study the ways raptors perch, we worked with six wildlife rescue centres in central Spain for almost a year assessing these six strain insulator configurations in 83 perch trials with 176 raptors in ample flying pens. We analysed 475 complete survey days, with an approximate number of 258,960 analysed pictures, including 6,766 perchings on strain insulators. We assessed the influential factors for these 6,766 perchings and developed a novel approach to prioritise strain insulator configurations that can be used anywhere. Our results suggest that longer insulator strains (i.e. PECA-1000 and Caon-C3670) are the safest, according to our prioritization criteria, although these results require further assessment in the field. Managers and conservationists should take into account these results to improve management and conservation actions.


Let the equation of the four point system be where h is a variable parameter and a, b, g, f and c are constants. The four fixed points are thus given by and . Since the quadrilateral is real g 2 >ac and f 2 >bc : it is convex if and have the same sign, i.e. if ab is positive, and concave if ab is negative.


Hyperhidrosis is a condition that affects 3% of the general population and intereferes in social, professional and emotional spheres. A growing awareness of this condition and the possibility of treatment have led to an increase in patient demand for effective therapeutic measures. Up until the present moment, thoracoscopic sympathectomy is still the most efficient option for a definite control of excessive sweating. The authors will review the history of sympathectomy, basic anatomical and physiological details and discuss the main indication for video-assisted thoracoscopy sympathectomy (essential hyperhidrosis), summarizing technical details, surgical results and complications, as well as alternatives to sympathectomy.


Further research on the recycled concrete aggregate, set up a criterion compatible with current appraisal, to base the theoretical research for the practical application in the future.


Received November 1, 2004; revised November 4, 2004; accepted December 4, 2004. From Thomas Jefferson Univ., Dept. of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Philadelphia, PA (RM, SH, EJSK), and Newcastle, N. Tyneside and Northumberland NHS MH Trust, and the School of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Psychiatry, Univ. of Newcastle, Newcastleupon-Tyne, UK (NA). Send correspondence and reprint requests to Rajnish Mago, M.D., Thomas Jefferson Univ., Dept. of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, 833 Chestnut St. East, Suite 210 E, Philadelphia, PA 19107. e-mail: email@example.com Copyright 2006 The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine Various psychiatric symptoms can occur in epilepsy or be induced by antiepileptic medications. Zonisamide is an antiepileptic medication used as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures. Depression, mania, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and psychotic symptoms have been reported in patients on zonisamide. According to the Physician's Desk Reference, the most common psychiatric adverse effects of zonisamide are agitation (9%), depression (6%), insomnia (6%), anxiety (3%), nervousness (2%), and "schizophrenic behavior" (2%). Although a greater number of patients on zonisamide (1.1%) attempted suicide than those on placebo (0.4%), it was not clarified whether this was due to the induction of depression. We present here a case of sudden suicidal impulses without any concomitant depressive symptoms in a patient on zonisamide.


Immediately after taking power in 1959, the new Cuban government took steps to implement the Moncada Programme.1 Such actions amounted to a strong and swiftstructural transformation that began incorporating new property and class relations. These actions included limiting the possibilities for private capital accumulation. The Cuban government saw these actions as a means to achieve economic sovereignty and social justice. The initial reaction of the US government - with the additional support of the Cuban propertied class - was to gradually apply economic pressure in the form of economic sanctions, political and diplomatic isolation, military threats and covert actions aimed at overthrowing the government.Consequently, the triumph of the Cuban Revolution marked the beginning of a process of profound socio-economic and political transformations representing a clean break with the prevailing social, economic and political patterns in the rest of the Western Hemisphere - a geopolitical space that had been a Monroe Doctrine-inspired US hegemonic domain.The idea of 'revolution' refers, in the case of Cuba, not only to a fundamental transformation of economic and political structures, people's consciousness of their place in society and the values that should determine human behaviour, but also to a projection of Cuba's experience onto the entire Western Hemisphere. In that sense, there had been no precedents in the Latin American context. As Samuel Farber has recently reminded us, authentic revolutions 'have reverberated in other lands as the idea spread that there are alternatives to oppressive systems that another world is possible'.2 In that sense, the Cuban revolution was also a symbolic challenge to global US hegemony.Moreover, revolution is not a fixed 'thing' but a process. This means changes in structures, patterns of behaviour, and consciousness are changing over time and, in the case of revolution, are moving towards, rather than away from, more complete human fulfilment. Some nations, such as the US, might see revolutionary ferment in various places as a threat to their commitment to the maintenance of a status quo. This hypothesis underpins the arguments presented below about the root causes of US foreign policy towards Cuba since the founding of the US itself. This view contradicts many other interpretations of the causes of US/ Cuban conflicts. The materials below refer to a variety of prevailing causal explanations of US foreign policy towards Cuba. But in the end, it is argued that none are as powerful an explanatory tool as that which hypothesises the fundamental contradictions between Cuban revolutionary ferment in search of national realisation and the US hegemonic quest for the maintenance of a status quo throughout the Western Hemisphere.Competing Explanations for the Reasons behind the Historical Relationship between the US and CubaUS policymakers and academics have postulated various explanations or rationales for US foreign policy behaviour in the Western Hemisphere, since the early nineteenth century and beyond. These rationales have become part of common political discourse, especially in relations with Cuba. US policy, it is claimed, has been explained as basically built upon geopolitics, economic interest, ideology and/or national security.The Geopolitical RationaleThe expansionist ambition of the US, given Cuba's size and proximity, has made the latter a prime target, since the early decades of the nineteenth century. The importance of Cuba to the interest of the US has become a central topic of US geography and diplomacy, since the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. It figured prominently in Jefferson's expansionist idea of an 'Empire for Liberty'. In 1809, he wrote to Madison:I would immediately erect a column on the southernmost limit of Cuba and inscribe it ne plus ultra in that direction ... it will be objected to our receiving Cuba that no limit can be drawn to our future acquisitions. …


In this paper we derive a simple six degree of freedom navigator, Earth-surface navigator, for terranean vehicle application, using low grade gyros. The calibration and alignment of the navigator are investigated when the system is at rest. Based on the observability of the error model when the system is at rest, a state transformation is presented. This transformation decouples the observable modes, which are based on physical insight from the unobservable modes. An example is given to illustrate the performance of a Kalman filter for calibration and alignment.<<ETX>>


A variety of multidimensional data models have recently been proposed by both academic and industry communities. but consensus on formalism or even a common terminology has not yet emerged. In this chapter, we first discuss the requirements that an ideal conceptual multidimensional model should fulfill. These requirements are suggested by general information system modeling principles and the specific characteristics of OLAP applications. Building on these requirements, we then present a general conceptual multidimensional data model and show how it can be used to describe the basic aspects of a business application in a way that is easy to understand and independent of the criteria for actual data organization in the various systems. Starting from the characteristics of the model proposed, we summarize the general features that a multidimensional conceptual model should support. We then survey various multidimensional models proposed and relate their characteristics to these general features. Finally, we discuss the main points raised in the chapter and some problems that remain to be solved in this context.


build upon knowledge and skills already acquired. Each chapter follows a similar format, generally with an introduction and summary, with content broken down into short sections, bullet points, checklist, tables and diagrams. This makes the text less dense and the layout logical and accessible for a novice, but also serves as a handy quick reference refresher for the more experienced reader to dip into. Multiple references to relevant authorities add weight to the commentary and provide those left wanting to know more with the opportunity to follow up the references in the extensive reading list and bibliography. There are also a number of appendices which offer standard documentation that readers can adapt for use within their own organisation, along with checklists and the text of CILIP's certification scheme and chartered membership handbooks for reference. The contents pages are clearly laid out and index pages are sufficiently detailed. This book is well researched and draws on the author's wide experience gained from a number of posts held mainly in the public sector. Tried and tested methods offer a solid basis for those looking for a starting point, as well as providing a benchmark for more experienced information professionals seeking to validate or develop their existing approach to training. The concluding chapter stresses why training, development and learning are issues which must be continually addressed by today's information professionals. Sentiments with which, in these challenging times, I couldn't agree more.


The classification of cavitation in a waterjet pump was studied with multi-sensor data fusion method based on singular value decomposition(SVD) and artificial neural networks(ANN).Time data fusion was used to fuse acoustic and vibration signals based on SVD firstly,then the respective features were extracted,they were composed and used as inputs of an ANN,a BP network and a RBF network were applied to fuse the features for classification.The results showed that the classification performance based on multi-sensor data fusion is better than that based on a single sensor,and the recognition rates are obviously improved after using data fusing based on SVD,that is superior for weak feature detection and recognition of cavitation inception.


In recent years,great attention is paid to more and more merger and acquisition of enterprises,which leads to intense arguments on "the development of state-owned enterprises and the decline of private enterprises".The arguments mainly concern about the existence of the phenomenon,its causes,value judgment,and the exit of state-owned enterprises in competitive industries.There are different arguments about the four aspects of "the development of state-owned enterprises and the decline of private enterprises",such as the affirmative and the negative argument on its value judgment;the exit and non-exit argument on the exit of state-owned enterprises in competitive industries.Of course,in order to achieve the purpose of scientific development of China's economy,state-owned enterprises and private enterprises should coexist and transferable with each other.


Stephen John Hadfield was born in Clapton, London, the son of a consultant anaesthetist. Following in his father's footsteps, he won a scholarship from Epsom College to Trinity College, Cambridge, and completed his medical studies at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, winning the Bentley prize. Early work in surgery, anaesthetics, and midwifery was followed by a memorable trip to the United States as assistant surgeon aboard the Aquitania .

In 1936 he married Jean MacDougall of MacDougall, younger daughter …


The paper introduces the shotcrete concrete reinforcement construction at the deep-cutting slope,with an example of shotcrete concrete construction at the south slope of a certain tollway,to provide some experiences in the construction for the highway projects.


In order to be able to change the functionality of filters and other data acquisition algorithms after their installation, it has been common for years to utilize reconfigurable field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for data filtering and data forwarding. This paper presents a framework built to take advantage of an enhanced reconfiguration technology called dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR). It is shown how this framework is designed and how it can be used to get a quick and easy access to DPR. Current case study measurements are presented and a short outlook illustrates how DPR could help to significantly increase the changeability of FPGAs regarding typical data acquisition applications and algorithms, which could finally lead to a better capacity utilization of FPGAs.


Twist maps of the annulus the Aubry-Mather theorem ghost circles symplectic twist maps periodic orbits for symplectic twist maps of Tn x IRn invariant manifolds Hamiltonian systems vs. twist maps periodic orbits for Hamiltonian systems generalizations of the Aubry-Mather theorem generating phases and symplectic topology.


During experimental studies, an ultrasonic device was used which in terms of design ensured maximum acoustic pressure on the receiving element, minimized the effect of external disturbances (environmental condition parameters) on the measurement result; decreased spatial variations of the source and receiver of ultrasonic waves during measurement, optimized the design and spatial positioning of ultrasonic vibration receiver. The measuring channel settings accepted during experimental studies are as following: ak -design constant of measuring channel; ak = 14, where a is half-width of the channel, a = 5 mm; k - wave number, k = 2.8. Experimental evaluation had confirmed theoretically substantiated effect of inclination angle of the receiving element of the ultrasonic sensor on the error in measurement of wool fineness in a disarrayed sample. At the inclination angle of the ultrasonic sensor receiver of fi = 48° relative to the longitudinal axis of the measuring channel, the error does not exceed ±1.5%, and at the angle offi = 0° it does not exceed ±5%. The reason for more accurate measurement of wool fineness at fi = 48° in accordance with the developed theoretical provisions is that the inclination of the receiving piezoelectric element of the sensor relative to the longitudinal axis of the measuring channel eliminates the need for receiver installation at the angle of fi = 0° strictly in so-called ultrasonic wave antinode, which poses a significant technical problem at ultrasonic wave frequency of 150 kHz. Besides, the receiver arrangement at inclination relative to the longitudinal axis of the measuring channel allows increasing the spots of contact of ultrasonic wave with the surface of the receiving element irrespective of wave phase, and increases the average acoustic pressure and decreases the measurement error.


Objectives:  This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between QoL scores for patients with ACD and confounders, such as gender, race, age, and occupation.

Methods:  A total of 428 subjects with ACD were, at varying times after diagnosis, mailed a QoL questionnaire modified from Skindex-16 to include an additional 5 items pertaining to occupational impact. The QoL scores were analyzed by gender, race, age, and occupation to ascertain factors that impact QoL in subjects with ACD.

Results:  Three of the four confounders examined have a significant connection with QoL in patients with ACD. Non-Caucasians had significantly worse QoL scores than Caucasians within the functioning scale, and had more emotional distress secondary to their disease. There were no statistically significant gender-related differences in QoL scores, although females felt a higher degree of embarrassment and depression. Age significantly impacted items within the functioning and occupational scales, with subjects nearing retirement age and older reporting better QoL. In contrast, younger subjects, especially those in the 5th decade, were more likely to have difficulty pursuing daily activities, have more fear that they might need to leave their jobs, and have more concern for their financial futures. Office workers, students, and homemakers were primarily diagnosed with non-occupational ACD, while more industrial, health care and other wet workers suffered from occupationally related ACD. In the analyses of QoL by occupation, industrial workers reported significantly more impaired QoL than subjects in other professions.


The present invention relates to a platinum recovery process and cobalt contained in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising at least the following successive steps: a) treatment of the MEA by leaching resulting in a leachate containing platinum ions and cobalt ions, b) extracting from the leachate, platinum ions and cobalt ions, c) separation of cobalt ions and platinum ions by formation and precipitation of cobalt oxide.


In this study, we examine whether international portfolio diversification still matters despite an increase in the cross-country correlations of assets returns. More specifically, we explain why an increase in global return correlations does not necessarily imply a reduction in the benefits of international portfolio diversification. We also propose to compare empirically two traditional strategies of international diversification (by country and industry) in addition to a new strategy (by region) using two different methodological approaches, namely the mean variance spanning and multivariate cointegration analysis. Over the full sample period (1994- 2008), our results suggest that the three strategies of international diversification remain effective despite the secular increase in the cross-country return correlations. When we divide the sample into two different sub-periods (1994-2000 and 2000-2008), the findings indicate that the strategy based on regional diversification proved to be a new competing strategy during the second period in comparison to the other two traditional strategies.


We discuss the superstability of generalized module left derivations and generalized module derivations on a Banach module. Let be a Banach algebra and a Banach -module, and . The mappings , and are defined and it is proved that if (resp., is dominated by then is a generalized (resp., linear) module- left derivation and is a (resp., linear) module- left derivation. It is also shown that if (resp., is dominated by then is a generalized (resp., linear) module- derivation and is a (resp., linear) module- derivation.


Dr King stressed that his Committee dealt with the whole question of technical information from the users' point of view. The investigation had covered information services within the Government, Government laboratories, etc., contracting firms and industry in general.


. Vehicle lighting systems are critical to the safety of night road traffic. Depending on the level of road lighting (urban or extra-urban), the lighting system settings and the nature of the light source used, the position of the steering wheel (LHD-lefthanddrivingorRHD-righthanddriving)thevisibilityandperceptions ofthedrivermaybeinfluenced.Inthispaperweaimtoexperimentallyanalyze theinfluencesoftheelementsmentionedaboveonthevisibility,perceptionand possibilitiesofavoidingapotentialaccidentwithapedestriancrossingtheunlit roadatnight.Theanalysisincludedtheuseofseveralcarsandsystems.Multiple forthedetectionandrecordingofperceptionsandvisibility.Variousconfigurations werealsousedforthepedestriancrossing,butalsoforthedriverofthevehicle, assuminganincreaseordecreaseinvisibilityonthepedestrianinlowbeam headlamps.Theseexperimentsprovideup-to-dateinformationonthepossibilities ofavoidingroadaccidentsinnight-timetrafficconditions.Theresultsobtained canalsobeusefulformoreaccuratecalibrationoftheemergencybrakingofdriver assistancesystems.


Peripheral Ideas That Won't Fly?: Eu Foreign Policy Decisions On Cuba And Us Influence (2008-2010) is part of the 2017 Annual Proceedings of The Association for the Study of the Cuban Economy.


ABSTRACT Political prisons are not only places of violence and silence. They are also productive. Building on recent literature that pays close attention to prisoners' social and political projects, the article argues that significant, often hidden, aspects of political work take place within the prison, and reach beyond its walls. A focus on the writings and oral histories of political prisoners reveals a remarkable range of imagination and practice within the tight embrace of a hostile state, and shows also its post-colonial reverberations. Through a focus on settler-ruled Rhodesia, I explore the projects and possibilities of nationalists in detention and guerrillas in maximum security prisons, noting their varied and shifting modes of story telling, and the political charge of these stories in the present.


High permittivity polymer matrix composites (PMCs) have been widely researched, especially in the field of microelectronics. For this study, high permittivity materials were investigated for their potential to form part of a multi-layer electric field detector. The two main requirements for such composites were high permittivity and a dielectric strength comparable to most standard polymers used as dielectric materials. Polystyrene was selected as a host polymer due to its high dielectric strength and amorphous structure. Barium titanate, a ferroelectric ceramic from the perovskite family, was selected as a high permittivity filler. Polymer permittivity in PMCs is usually orders of magnitude lower compared to the filler permittivity, although the resultant permittivity of the composite is generally markedly lower than the permittivity of the filler may suggest. This is because very little energy is stored in the ceramic filler, such that any increase in composite permittivity is due to an increase in the average field with the polymer matrix.[1] Micro and nano scale barium titanate was blended into polystyrene in an effort to discern the initial differences between composites prepared with the two different filler types. It was found that the micro scale barium titanate was well dispersed and from studying SEM micrographs, appeared to have a good particle size distribution. The nanoscale barium titanate was found to be very poorly dispersed in polystyrene, with a wide particle size distributions formed of weakly bound aggregations and some seemingly chemically bonded agglomerations which were regular in shape with a surface texture which was indicative of tightly bound primary particles. Consistent with the differences in particle dispersion within the micro and nano composites, there was a marked difference in AC breakdown strength between the different materials. All electrical breakdown data was analysed using a 2 parameter Weibull distribution. Figure 1 compares the ? values for the micro and nano composites at different filler loadings.


It is assumed that progress in cultivar breeding corresponds to over 50% of the increase in cereal yields. Among possible ways of improving the success of fertilisation and, consequently, increasing yields and enhancing the mineral balance in crops is the application of growth regulators. The purpose of this study has been to assess the effect of growth regulators and their doses on the mineral balance in spring triticale. The research was based on a two-factor pot experiment, completed in four replicates. The experiment was carried out in KickBrauckmann pots filled with light soil of slightly acidic reaction and highly abundant in available forms of P, moderately abundant in K and poor in Mg. Mineral fertilisation per pot consisted of 1.5 g N, 2.0 g K and 0.25 g Mg. Nitrogen and potassium were applied in two rates – half the complete dose before sowing and the remaining amount as top dressing during the stem elongation phase. All the rate of magnesium was introduced to soil


A difficult issue for clinicians prescribing antidementia compounds is determining their efficacy. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is frequently used to assess the progression of cognitive change in patients with Alzheimer's disease. To be useful as a measure of symptom progression, however, an instrument must have test-retest reliability (consistency); it must be insensitive to mild comorbid illness, …


In order to better express the texture information of Xinjiang folk art patterns, variable parameters of the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) were proposed. First, by testing the effect of different parameters on the important features of Xinjiang folk art patterns, the relationship between the features and different parameters was obtained. The ranges of the variable parameters to make the texture feature more stable were determined. Then, the robustness of these features was analyzed when the image was rotated or its size was changed or noise was added. Experiment results provide valuable reference for extraction of texture features of xinjiang folk art patterns.


Cd1-yZnyTe (CZT) wafers with (111) orientations, which serve as the common substrates for Hg1-xCdxTe (MCT) epitaxial deposition, were treated with different processes of mechanical polishing and chemical etching and then tested by x-ray diffraction unit with the same experimental conditions. The conclusion is that the sample surface treatment dramatically influences the values of DCRC FWHM. The most desirable process and its experimental conditions for accurate measurement of DCRC FWHM have also been reported in this paper.


The concept of "natural philosophy" began to be used recently. Together with terms, which in the course of time have expressed the same meaning like "natural metaphysics," "philosophy of nature," and "speculative physics," it became widely used as the name of a particular discipline by the 18th century Enlightenment movement, as the equivalent of the term "philosophia naturalis" of the Roman thinker Seneca.In the Early and Middle Ages, there was no differentiation in Western thought between "natural philosophy" and "natural science." It might even be said that the oldest theoretical works to emerge in Western thought were connected with "natural philosophy," or in other words, natural philosophy was the oldest discipline in Western philosophy. The Greek word "physis," which is derived from the root "phy," was used to mean "nature," and includes also the meanings of producing shoots, birth, fertilization, and organic development. The concept gradually gained a richer meaning. The Sophists divided what God made1 (created) (physis), into the laws made by man (nomos), the things he laid down as rules (thesis), and the things men gave form to by way of arts and crafts (techne). One may say immediately that this division of the Sophists is to be found in Plato, just as it was important in the formation of the thought and mentality that began with the Renaissance and has come down to the present....


In this paper, we develop a multi-level modeling procedure for copper wirebonding that provides insights into (a) deformation and stress in wire, pad, and die (b) an assessment of the risk of ULK fracture during impact stage and ultrasonic vibration steps. First, we construct a nonlinear, dynamic finite element model (global) to study the mechanical responses of wire, pad, and the underlying ULK stacks during the impact stage and the last cycle of ultrasonic vibration in copper wirebonding. Specifically, these process steps are modeled through prescribing touch down and in-plane oscillatory motions on capillary, which result in dissimilar critical states of stress locally in the ULK stacks. Next, we develop a isogeometric model (local) for a generic configuration of ULK stacks with eight levels of metallization by composing the geometric primitives representing ILD layers, copper lines/vias, as well as the material interfaces following the Hierarchical Partition of Unity Field Composition technique. The description for material moduli in the entire ULK stacks is further enriched with a bi-linear damage law. The critical states of stress obtained in the global wirebond model are then converted into boundary conditions for the local ILD model under plane strain condition to simulate the crack initiation in the ULK stacks. We observe, from the simulation results, potential crack initiation sites along vertical /horizontal interfaces in the ULK stacks due to local compressive/tensile loading during impact/vibration step, respectively.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


This paper is concern with investigating a new methodology for art interpretation that operates visual translation in order to understand the work of art in its political, social, historical and cultural context. This new methodology is informed by critical theory ‒in the extended meaning of the term‒, which questions traditional aesthetic approaches over the work of art: concepts as beauty, truth, sensoriality, which had been problematized in the field of aesthetics are now reproblematized in the field of critical theory. Nevertheless, the endeavor intended trough visual translation doesn't just entail the process of rethinking traditional aesthetics, but also a radicalization of thinking over the artistic practices, as well as over the reception and production of artistic work in the socio-political and cultural context, and over the consequences of its public reception. More and more perspectives on art historicization and art interpretation transgressed the limits of traditional disciplines –as the aesthetics and the history of art– and engages in the exploration of other theories from political science, sociology, psychology, anthropology, urban geography, linguistics or literary theory. In this respect, visual translation could facilitate interdisciplinary conceptual relations, generating hybrid theories that could inform a new methodology of work for interpreting the contemporary artistic phenomenon. In the field of contemporary art, the application of this hybrid theories can generate interpretative openings from the perspective of a series of critical theories of culture, from critical semiotics to ideological critical theory, from Marxist criticism to feminist critical theory, or from psychoanalytical critical theory to postcolonial theory. Also these interpretative methods, constituted heterogeneously, can be composed combinatorically in a manner in which we can find a Marxist critique psychoanalytically oriented, a psychoanalytic critique semiotically oriented, or various permutations between Marxist and psychoanalytic perspectives, or between Marxist and feminist thoughts. In other words, translation, from a transcultural perspective, opens up a new interpretative instrumentary, unfamiliar to traditional approaches over the work of art, instituting a new conceptual apparatus, informed by critical theory which rethink the old premises of art history, reevaluating the position of art historians within the pre-existing institutional structures and questioning the power dinamics inherent in this field of study. Este articulo propone la investigacion de una nueva metodologia para la interpretacion del arte que, desde la traduccion visual - entendida como una forma de mediacion entre el lenguaje del arte y el lenguaje de la cultura -, analiza la obra de arte en su contexto politico, social, historico y cultural. Esta nueva metodologia se basada en la teoria critica, en el sentido extendido del termino, que cuestiona los enfoques esteticos tradicionales sobre la obra de arte. Asi, conceptos como belleza, verdad, sensorialidad, que habian sido problematizados en el campo de la estetica, se reproblematizan ahora en el campo de la teoria critica. Sin embargo, el esfuerzo que se pretende con la traduccion visual no solo implica el proceso de replanteamiento de la estetica tradicional, sino tambien una radicalizacion del pensamiento sobre las practicas artisticas, asi como la recepcion y produccion de las obras en el contexto sociopolitico y cultural y sobre las consecuencias de su recepcion publica. Cada vez mas perspectivas sobre la interpretacion del arte transgreden los limites de las disciplinas tradicionales como la estetica y la historia del arte, involucrandose en la exploracion de otras teorias nacidas dentro de las ciencias politicas, la sociologia, la psicologia, la antropologia, la geografia urbana, la linguistica y la teoria literaria. En este sentido, la traduccion visual podria facilitar las relaciones conceptuales interdisciplinares, generando teorias hibridas que conformarian una nueva metodologia de trabajo para interpretar el fenomeno artistico contemporaneo.


The aim of the article is to approximate optimal relative control of an underactuated spacecraft using reinforcement learning and to study the influence of various factors on the quality of such a solution. In the course of this study, methods of theoretical mechanics, control theory, stability theory, machine learning, and computer modeling were used. The problem of in-plane spacecraft relative control using only control actions applied tangentially to the orbit is considered. This approach makes it possible to reduce the propellant consumption of reactive actuators and to simplify the architecture of the control system. However, in some cases, methods of the classical control theory do not allow one to obtain acceptable results. In this regard, the possibility of solving this problem by reinforcement learning methods has been investigated, which allows designers to find control algorithms close to optimal ones as a result of interactions of the control system with the plant using a reinforcement signal characterizing the quality of control actions. The well-known quadratic criterion is used as a reinforcement signal, which makes it possible to take into account both the accuracy requirements and the control costs. A search for control actions based on reinforcement learning is made using the policy iteration algorithm. This algorithm is implemented using the actor–critic architecture. Various representations of the actor for control law implementation and the critic for obtaining value function estimates using neural network approximators are considered. It is shown that the optimal control approximation accuracy depends on a number of features, namely, an appropriate structure of the approximators, the neural network parameter updating method, and the learning algorithm parameters. The investigated approach makes it possible to solve the considered class of control problems for controllers of different structures. Moreover, the approach allows the control system to refine its control algorithms during the spacecraft operation.


On 1-4 June 2003, the Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences (DIAS) hosted the International
Symposium on Gaseous and Odour Emissions from Animal Production Facilities. This symposium
can be considered a follow-up of the first special symposium on gaseous and odour emissions,
held in 1997 in Vinkeloord, the Netherlands (Voermans and Monteny, 1997). The organizers
of the 2003 symposium were Section II (Buildings) of the Commission International du Genie
Rurale (CIGR), the European Association of Agricultural Engineers (EurAgEng), and the Nordic
Association of Agricultural Scientists (NJF). A total of 93 participants from 22 nations got together
to share the latest advancement in research and development into the important issues of
gaseous emissions from animal production facilities, including odour. They presented 40 papers
and 22 posters on various issues concerning gaseous emissions from animal production facilities.
This paper describes the major progress in the field of ammonia, methane and nitrous oxide emissions
from livestock production. Statements, data and findings are referred to between parentheses
(author – page number of the symposium proceedings).


Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), which was previously known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), rarely presents in the abdomen, and sarcomatosis due to UPS has not yet been reported in the literature. Here, we present a 62-year-old man who had abdominal sarcomatosis due to UPS with a poor prognosis.


Upon assuming its new statehood on 1 January 1993, the Czech Republic embarked on a journey to transform itself into an ordinary European society and nation, its Constitution making clear that it would be a law-abiding and democratic state founded on respect for the rights and freedoms of its citizens. To reach the journey's final destination of fully returning to Europe by joining its supranational and intergovernmental institutions, the government gave precedence to political, social, and economic transformations over security matters. No serious public debates informed the decisions that had to be made on the shape, form, and functions of the country's post–Cold War intelligence apparatus. The new elites were poorly equipped to deal with security—and particularly intelligence—matters because of both their serious lack of expertise and the more compelling competing priorities requiring their attention. Fundamental questions were thus not answered, and very few asked: Did the country really need an intelligence community (IC)? For what purpose? Of what size? How powerful should it be? And under whose control? The public, for its part, was distrustful and concerned that the intelligence services could again be turned against them.


RRD, the most common type of retinal detachment (RD), occurs when tractional forces produce full-thickness retinal breaks through which liquefied vitreous infiltrates the subretinal space. In the setting of blunt trauma, the rapid reexpansion of the globe after sudden compression along the anterior-posterior axis exerts traction on the vitreous base resulting in retinal tears and dialysis. Additional risk factors for RRD include high myopia and a history of cataract surgery. Detachments can also occur by exudative (eg, serous) or purely tractional mechanisms with respective etiologies including age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. In all cases, separation of photoreceptors from the retinal pigmented epithelial cell (RPE) compromises their nutritional and metabolic support. RRD occurs at an annual incidence of approximately 12 per 100,000 people in the United States with similar rates described in the Scottish population. Atraumatic RRD is 6 to 10 times more common than traumatic detachment in predominantly adult populations, but trauma is the leading cause of detachment within other populations. Nonpenetrating trauma accounts for nearly 50% of RRDs in pediatric patients. Traumatic RRD is also common among particular adult subgroups, such as boxers. Finally, RD can occur within the constellation of findings that accompany open-globe injuries and complicates up to 31% of pediatric cases and up to 20% of adult cases. Surgical management of RRD yields high rates of anatomic success. Repair of primary uncomplicated RRD by scleral buckle, pars plana vitrectomy, or combined scleral buckle-pars plana vitrectomy usually produces final anatomic reattachment rates of at least 90% and more


This paper is a desktop study that targets the identification of standard practices for an effective competitive tendering process for public works procurement in developing countries. After defining the process and detailed activities involved, it was divided into five following phases: tender planning, tender documentation, tender solicitation, tender evaluation and tender pre-award. Then, an intensive analysis of different public procurement laws and related documents of seven developing countries was performed. As results, 38 standard practices were identified. Using the frequencies and relative frequencies, 33 were found implemented in the seven developing countries and only 20 representing 52.64 % attracted frequencies above 5/8. The study found that following practices are the most frequent: develop a realistic procurement plan, accurate budget, get approvals and publish it, appoint suitable design team, obtain a complete project design, select appropriate tendering option; secure project design quality, use standard documents, review and approve tender documents before publication; advertisement of tender proposals, proper handling of requests for clarification, etc. The study concludes that when these practices are fully implemented, they will surely produce the predicted results.


6. in humans, once clinical symptoms occur, rabies is almost always fatal; it can, however, be prevented in most situations by strict adherence to the WHO guidelines for post-exposure prophylaxis and if the prescribed products for post-exposure treatment of rabies in humans are readily available and accessible to patients as soon as possible. The full cost of a human post-exposure prophylaxis regimen in developing countries is from 20-100 times that of vaccinating one dog in a mass vaccination campaign. Dog rabies control and vaccination therefore remain the most cost-effective means for preventing the occurrence of human rabies;


Two fields with random disease distribution and eight fields with clustered disease distribution were simulated at each of five disease incidence levels (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% infected plants). Five sampling methods differing with respect to field area covered (whole field vs. demarcated area of 1/8 of the field), and shape of path (X, W, and diagonal) were applied to these fields. Each path was considered to have four arms and two sampling sizes were used, 3 sites and 10 sites per arm. The variation within field showed that arm effects were significant for clustered disease distribution with 10-site sampling. Increasing sample size within arms decreased the coefficient of variation percentage and increased the precision of estimates for random disease distribution, but no similar improvement was observed for clustered disease distribution. The precision was of the same magnitude for all methods under the random disease conditions; however, it differed considerably for clustered distributions: in general...


Zisha teapot of Yixing,is a wonderful work of the traditional Chinese arts with a long history.Until today,the models of some famous tea pots still accord with the modern aesthetics.Through a comparative and analytic approach,this article analyses carefully the material,models and ornament tactics of Zisha teapots.From aesthetic function and cultural function of the models,it summarizes the characteristics and the aesthetic rules of ancient teapot models and excavates out the model elements and model languages which are favorable to modern product design.Finally,it expounds the enlightenment function of the traditional models of Zisha teapots on modern product design in a deductive method and then puts forward some suggestions.


The mixtures of surfactants are studied spectroscopically using eosin dye and the CMC [critical micelle concentration] value of the mixtures have been determined by measuring absorbance intensity at λ m a x of the solution with increasing concentration of the surfactants mixtures keeping dye concentration constant.


In this chapter, we discuss the development of therapies for frontotemporal dementia caused by progranulin mutations. Although this is a relatively rare and very specific form of neurodegeneration, the upstream disease cause, being haploinsufficiency of the growth factor progranulin, offers straightforward opportunities for therapy development. Substitution of the progranulin deficiency is likely to counteract the detrimental effects of progranulin haploinsufficiency in patients with frontotemporal dementia and may prevent the manifestation of the disease in presymptomatic mutation carriers. As progranulin has neurotrophic and anti- inflammatory properties, therapeutic interventions aimed at augmenting progranulin levels may also become useful in other forms of neurodegeneration.


The abilities of electropolymerized films formed from various substituted naphthalenes to prevent the oxidation of the plasma interferences ascorbate, acetaminophen, and urate at a hydrogen peroxide detecting platinum electrode are reported. Films prepared from 2,3-, 1,5-, and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and 5-amino-1-naphthol were compared with films prepared from o-, m-, and p-phenylenediamine for their permselectivity and stability. The films were quick to prepare (15 min) and insulating. All films exhibited reduced permeability to hydrogen peroxide (except poly(o-phenylenediamine)) and interferences. Lowest permeabilties to hydrogen peroxide, ascorbate and acetaminophen were obtained with poly(2,3-diaminonaphthalene) (39 ± 16, 0.5 ± 0.1, and 0.2 ± 0.1%, respectively) and poly(5-amino-1-naphthol) (20 ± 10, 0.2 ± 0.1, and 0.2 ± 0.1%, respectively), although these films had longer response times to hydrogen peroxide (60 and 120 s, respectively). These films also had the highest permselectivities to hydrogen p...


Here we outline the many areas of science that would greatly benefit from an LSST Special Project that targeted the Milky Way Bulge and Galactic Plane. We explore possible survey strategies which maximize the scientific return for a number of fields including microlensing, variable stars, transients, X-ray binaries and planetary transits.


Distributed Denial of Service attacks becoming a most serious security issues in cloud computing environment. In DDoS attack model Large number of compromised host are accumulated to send useless service requests, packets at the same time .DoS and DDoS attacks initiates the service degradation, availability and cost problems under cloud service providers. This proposed approach unified between HTTP GET flooding among DDOS attacks and Stealthy attack patterns are raised against applications running in the cloud. for a fast attack detection in cloud computing environment Slowly Increasing Polymorphic DDoS Attack Strategy (SIPDAS) can be used to detect the application vulnerabilities in the cloud. SIPDAS changes the message sequence at every successive infection to avoid signature detection process. This proposed approach enable to increase the high accuracy of the system, improve the performance and detection of HTTP GET flooding. In experiments, the processing time for performance evaluation compares with SIPDAS Detection method and Snort Detection method. According to the experiment result proved that the proposed SIPDAS Detection method is better than Snort detection method because processing time of proposed method is lower with increasing congestion. Moreover our approach can test and evaluate "cloud-to-end user" workflows and generate the vulnerability analysis report, it helps to eliminate vulnerability risk in cloud environment.


The long-period modes of a differentially rotating, solar-type star are consided. Two modes are found. The non-axisymmetric modes are Rossby waves, also known as r-modes, with the Coriolis force as the dominant restoring force.These oscillations have periods of order a month to a few years for solar parameters. An axisymmetric mode with purely magnetic restoring force is also found, which we call the b-mode. The fundamental period of the b-mode is large, of order 300 years. Higher harmonics are shown to have period of order 10-20 years. The dispersion relation for depends on the variation of the magnetic field strength and the mass density with depth through the convection zone. We suggest that if these modes could be observed information on the structure of the magnetic field below the surface could be deduced. Accounting for differential rotation does not affect the period of either mode, however the radial and lattitudinal profiles of the wave amplitude are slightly modified when compared with the previous solutions assuming solid body rotation.


Fund deficiency has seriously restricted the construction of foreign bibliographic resources in university libraries. On the analysis of the actual situation of foreign periodical construction, the paper has put forward measures to enhance foreign bibliographic guarantee rate and increase the effective supply of foreign literature.


Abstarct. Borrowing various aspects of literature and culture outside Europe is one othe the many research in travel literature. Max Dauthendey (MD) is a writer and painter who traveled around the world and the second trip took him to Java. In his book, MD respond's to the encounter with "the other" is a keen observation of the folk tales, and he transferred these into his fairy tales with his own imagination. Through close reading of three MD tales, MD's point of view to the foreign culture will be revealde. This paper will shows that what MD wrote and displayed in the three fairy tales is the exotic Java and it is a conspicous attempt to appreciate the javanese folklore and nature. Java as an exotic place is integrated in the works and instead of adapting the stories which will be resulting in changing the media, MD took only some elements. Different approach to the loan is shown in this paper by applying transculturality as a method to read literary works that collaborating two cultures. Transculturality in MD's fairy tales is a process of reconfiguration of the elemnts from Java into his work and MD has shown a positive way of borrowing.


this abnormality since approximately 12 years of age, but she denies having had any medical checkup or follow-up while in her native country. Since her immigration to the United States 9 years ago, she had not had any medical evaluation until her hospitalization last year, when she came to our attention for the first time. Employing noninvasive, bilevel pressure ventilation (inspiratory pressure of 12 cm) and low-flow oxygen, we were able to improve her hypercapnia and hypoxemia while maintaining a balanced arterial pH. Higher levels of inspiratory pressures may be appropriate if the result from lower pressures is unsatisfactory. Patients with acute-on-chronic respiratory acidosis develop posthypercapnic metabolic alkalosis if alveolar ventilation is increased by overzealous ventilatory support. Meticulous care was taken to prevent this complication. One goal of therapy is to correct hypoxemia and balance the arterial pH. Overcorrection of hypoxemia (Pao2 65 mm Hg), which is obviously the authors' concern, was avoided by appropriate monitoring of gas exchange. The authors are probably correct in the speculation that the patient would have benefited from earlier intervention with bilevel pressure ventilation. We successfully utilized an inspiratory pressure of 12 cm, which is within the range used in most cases of hypercapnic respiratory failure treated with noninvasive ventilation. Nevertheless, we feel that the recommendation to use high-span bilevel pressure ventilation is an excellent idea, which we intend to institute with this patient to see if it results in further improvement in hypercapnia without inducing significant metabolic alkalosis, and to see if the need for supplemental oxygen can be obviated.


Compared to the traditional SAR imaging algorithm, Back Projection(BP) algorithm is an accurate point-by-point imaging radar algorithm based on time-domain, with simple principle and without any approximation error in the imaging process. However, because of intensive computation and low efficiency, it's a new challenge to storage to capacity, throughput and processing ability of DSPs, a single DSP is not enough to meet these demands. So a parallel implementation method of BP algorithm based on TMS320C6678 DSP is proposed in this paper.We put forward a large point FFT multi-core parallel processing method on 2/4/8 cores what is frequently used in BP algorithm, and a multi-core synchronization method based on distributed memory. Finally using the measured data, we verify the parallel method can greatly enhance the multi-core parallelism, and the real-time performance of BP algorithm has been significantly improved.


Driving retirement, or giving up the keys, is a current topic of interest in the gerontological literature. Most adults will outlive their ability to drive safely, yet do not plan for driving retirement, although planning for driving retirement appears to result in better outcomes. The current study examined the possibility that older adults avoid driving retirement because it is a mortality prime (reminder of death), as well as the possible role of implicit self-esteem in buffering against mortality concerns specifically in an older adult population. Participants in the current study (n=90) were randomly assigned into one of three experimental conditions, and completed measures assessing demographic information and self-report of cognition. They then completed a word puzzle that delivered a mortality prime, driving retirement prime, or control (pain) prime, depending on their experimental condition. Subsequently, participants completed personality and mood assessments as filler measures. They then completed measures of generative concern and implicit self-esteem. It was predicted that participants in the mortality prime conditions and the driving retirement prime conditions would respond equivalently on the generative concern measure and those in the driving retirement prime condition would report significantly higher generative concern than those in the control condition. Further, it was posited that those with higher implicit self-esteem would report less generative concern than those with lower implicit self-esteem. Results did not support that driving retirement is a mortality prime; no significant differences were detected between experimental groups. Results also suggested that implicit self-esteem and generative concern are significantly negatively correlated. Implicit self-esteem was a significant predictor of generative concern; however, this relationship became EXAMINING DRIVING RETIREMENT Grabow, Perri 2018, UMSL, p.4 nonsignificant when other covariates were entered into the regression. These results suggest that implicit self-esteem in older adults may buffer against response to mortality salience (measured by generative concern). This may have implications for future terror management theory research with older adult populations, as well as further research in driving retirement. Further study may use a larger sample to ascertain the possibility of driving retirement as a mortality prime.


The extremely dry conditions that we are experiencing in most of Texas are forcing producers to make very tough choices with respect to how they should handle their current investments in breeding cattle. The last time we were faced with this problem was in the spring and summer of 1996. However, market conditions and expectations of future prices were much different in 1996 than today. In the spring of 1996 we were faced with the lowest cattle prices since the mid-1970's, along with grain and forage prices that were historically very high, and set to move higher. What is the same now, as in 1996, are the economic and financial analysis tools and how they should be used to make a sound disinvestment or investment decision for breeding cattle. Decisions such as keeping or selling an asset like a cow, keeping a heifer for replacement or selling the potential replacement hinge on the expected value of that type of animal in your herd when compared with what the market is currently offering you for that type of animal.


Abstract Counselling has usually been thought of as client-centred. Recent studies suggest that many counsellors are perceived as senior teachers and are not approached by pupils on a personal basis. An example is given of a client-centred counsellor who appears to command the personal confidence of pupils, as evidenced by pupils' recorded perceptions of his role. Questions are posed regarding the future of counselling in schools.


This single-class activity augments the popular desert island activity to include a secret insider who aims to influence their group covertly. The motivation for this augmented activity is twofold: (1) to highlight and dispel notions of invulnerability to groupthink and (2) to provide an opportunity to engage in small-group decision making. To facilitate these goals, this paper presents an experiential learning activity that makes tangible several theoretical constructs of persuasion and decision making in small groups. Examining how people within groups influence one another is vital to understanding how decisions are made. Courses: This single-class activity is grounded in the theoretical orientation of social influence within small groups and is therefore suitable in persuasion, small-group communication, and any other course that discusses group decision making, group conformity, groupthink, and/or compliance gaining. Objectives: Working in small groups to solve a problem, students will apply, evaluate, and comprehend concepts of social influence, group decision making, and groupthink. In completing this activity and a subsequent debriefing, students will demonstrate their learning by debating and justifying their individual choices, formulating their group decision, and discussing and identifying the impact of groupthink on decision making within small groups.


The paper reports on a study concerned with comparison between subjects with normal hearing and with impaired hearing with respect to: annoyance caused by traffic noise in four different activities; speech intelligibility tests; noise tolerance levels; and sensitivity to noise. It was found that groups with impaired hearing suffer greater annoyance from traffic noise than persons with normal hearing, especially during activities in which speech intelligibility is necessary. Correlations between self-rated noise sensitivity and tolerance levels, and between speech intelligibility and annoyance were found, and their implications are discussed.


Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compare postoperative mortality and morbidities in patients with hip fractures undergoing surgery by Child-Pugh classes. Summary Background Data: Advanced cirrhosis is associated with increased mortality in several types of surgery, but the impact of severity of cirrhosis on postoperative outcomes in patients with hip fractures remain unclear. Methods: We analyzed data of patients with hip fracture within a large inpatient database. We performed three sets of 1:1 propensity-score matching for four groups: cases without cirrhosis, and Child-Pugh classes A, B and C. We compared in-hospital mortality, length of stay, hospitalization fee, rate of 30-day readmission and complications in the following three pairs: cases without cirrhosis vs Child-Pugh class A, Child-Pugh class A vs B, and Child-Pugh class B vs C. Results: Among 833,648 eligible cases, propensity-score matching created 1,065 pairs between cases without cirrhosis vs Child-Pugh class A, 1,012 pairs between Child-Pugh class A vs B, and 489 pairs between Child-Pugh class B vs C. In-hospital mortality did not differ between cases with cirrhosis and those with Child-Pugh A classification (1.69% vs 1.41%; RD -0.28%; 95% CI: -1.34%-0.78%). In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with Child-Pugh B classification than in those with A classification (1.48% vs 5.93%; RD 4.45%; 95% CI: 2.79%-6.10%), and in those with Child-Pugh C classification compared with those with B classification (6.34% vs 28.43%; RD 22.09%; 95% CI: 17.54%-26.63%). Among cases with cirrhosis, those in more severe Child-Pugh classes had longer length of stay, higher hospitalization fees and higher ratio of complications, such as acute liver failure, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and sepsis. Conclusions: Our results could help to identify patients at high-risk of postoperative mortality and morbidity among those with both hip fracture and cirrhosis. Patients with Child-Pugh C classification may benefit from discussions about nonsurgical management, goals of care, and overall prognosis.


The empirical linear scaling dependencies between the literature
(rHo(Xn,TAB)) and the calculated (rHo((Xn)i,CALC)) values of
atomization of 31 reference aromatic and related compounds (T=298.15K),
as well as their standard errors ((SE4)i(4)i, Stand.Dev.), are
determined for the different quantum mechanical (QMi) approaches. These
dependencies are compared and used for the determination of the values
of rHo((Xn)i,CORRE)±3(SE4)i of atomization reactions of considered not
reference aromatic compounds, as well as for the determination of their
values of fHo((Xn)i,CORRE)±3(SE4)i. The values of
fHo((Xn)i,CORRE)MEAN±3SEYE (≥99.4% confidence interval), determined
using the intersections of the 3(SE4)i intervals, are consistent with
all QMi approaches and their literature values. The
M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p), M08HX/6-311++G(d,p) and wB97XD/6-311++G(d,p)
approaches are recommended for the achievement of accuracy (SEYE)≤3.8
kJ/mol of the calculated values of fHo((Xn)i,CORRE)MEAN. The effects of
the number of O-H groups, size and multiplicity of compounds on values
of error, also studied in this work, demonstrate the limitations of
using of several scaled dependencies.


In this paper, a novel manifold alignment approach via multi-graph embedding (MA-MGE) is proposed. Different from the traditional manifold alignment algorithms that use a single graph to describe the latent manifold structure of each dataset, our approach utilizes multiple graphs for modeling multiple local manifolds in multi-view data alignment. Therefore a composite manifold representation with complete and more useful information is obtained from each dataset through a dynamic reconstruction of multiple graphs. Experimental results on Protein and Face-10 datasets demonstrate that the mapping coordinates of the proposed method provide better alignment performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods, such as semi-supervised manifold alignment (SS-MA), manifold alignment using Procrustes analysis (PAMA) and manifold alignment without correspondence (UNMA).