Workers ages 45 and older make up about 45% of the U.S. labor force. To meet labor market demands in the U.S., employers will need to rely on mid- and later-life (MLL) (age 40 and older) workers. Through a gerontological lens, using both qualitative and quantitative data, we investigated the "off-time" enrollment of MLL community college students to explore how their enrollment decisions and academic goals are situated in the timing and intersection of life events and transitions, such as the responsibilities of work and family. We conducted 12 focus group interviews with MLL community college students (n=68) in Ohio and conducted a quantitative analysis of the distribution of academic goals by age group. We conclude that the foremost characteristic of MLL students as a group is its within-group heterogeneity and the greatest barrier to serving MLL students is in how we have been thinking—or failing to think—about them. We take a first slice at disaggregating "adult" students and turn away from deficit narratives to identify opportunities and assets among MLLs. Finally, we offer a theory to explain how especially wide within-group diversity of MLL academic goals is produced by cohort divergence of life events, transitions and trajectories; diverse enrollment precipitants; and individual point-of-time appraisals of lifetime elapsed and lifetime remaining. We suggest that community colleges, already leaders in adult education, are in a unique position to effectively serve MLL students by recognizing and accommodating their diversity. We present implications and strategies for colleges, policymakers and researchers.


Railway maintenance is currently planned according to a fixed schedule, mostly of one year. This is usually not optimal when considering the cost of maintenance, of possessions and of failure. However, an approach that minimizes the sum of these costs was not yet available. This paper presents a statistical analysis method and an optimization problem that aims to solve this problem. It is applied to fictitious problems and a realistic test case.


Convolutional coding is the most commonly used channel encoding technique for reliable data transmission. While using convolutional coding Viterbi decoder is used to decode the data at the receiver end. As decoders can correct the n number of bit errors, when number of bit error increases the complexity of decoder also increases. So researchers have started to design a less complex Viterbi Decoder and to give more accurate results. In this paper proposed a 16-PSK Viterbi decoder for high bit data. By this method up to 2 bit error can be predicted.


Jieliucun watershed in the hilly area of central Sichuan Basin was chosen as the typical study area.Based on field survey,geographic information system(GIS) software and Arc/Info,geographical database of the watershed,including digital elevation model(DEM),landuse,soil and vegetation,was built.The watershed was divided into some uniform grids(10 m×10 m) in accordance with the GIS's function of raster spatial analysis.Integrated with GIS,Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE) was applied to predict the amount of soil erosion in the watershed after studying the reasonable method for calculating factor values of USLE.Results show that the annual average mount of soil erosion is 1 244.7 t/(km2·a),which is in the category of lightly eroded area.Sloping land covers 44.17% of the total area,but the amount of its soil erosion accounts for 77.93% of that in the watershed.The study demonstrates that sloping land is the major source of soil loss,and therefore rational sloping land use is the key to soil loss control.The case study of Jieliucun watershed indicates that the model is reliable compared with other related studies.


ELWANY, M.H.S., 2011. Characteristics, Restoration, and Enhancement of Southern California Lagoons. In: Roberts, T.M., Rosati, J.D., and Wang, P. (eds.), Proceedings, Symposium to Honor Dr. Nicholas C. Kraus, Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 59, pp. 246-255. West Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The successful enhancement and restoration of coastal lagoons requires a comprehensive understanding of the physical and biological conditions in each lagoon and the processes that influence the lagoon's performance. Since lagoons differ substantially from one location to another, the problems that affect lagoon performance differ as well. Coastal lagoons in Southern California (Figure 1) tend to be small with surface areas of a few hundred hectares or less and mean water depths of less than 2m. Careful monitoring studies of lagoons, together with historical reviews and data from previous studies, enable wetland scientists to recommend successful, cost-effective, environmentally sound plans for enhancement and restoration of Southern California lagoons. Recent understanding of the settings and physical processes controlling lagoon performance will enable us to produce improved schemes to enhance these systems. Usually the biological performance of a wetland depends on improvement of the physical parameters, such as tidal flushing, water quality, freshwater flow reduction, and channel and basin sedimentation. Other factors that should be taken into consideration are the impacts of the wetland on adjacent beaches, the response of the wetland to dry and wet periods, any possible or expected future climate changes, and biodiversity management. This paper discusses cases of environmental impacts on selected Southern California lagoons, together with proposed or existing projects to reduce or mitigate these impacts.


This document is the fifth edition of an informational tool and benchmarking index that assesses the capacity of countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to carry out sustainable public-private partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure.


The present invention relates to a stereoselective synthesis β- nucleosides, for example, 2,2'-difluoro-2'-deoxy method cytidine. This method comprises the presence of an oxidizing agent, a compound having the following formula in tetrahydrofuran wherein defined in the specification R1, R2, R3, R4 and L are as with the nucleobase derivative.


Abstract One of the pioneers of research on international trade and economic growth has taken up the interesting subject of the influence of economic policy and other institutional decisions on economic growth. It is in ehis sense that the author compares the economic responses of different countries to international developments in the fields o f foreign trade, the rise of financial centres and economic growth. The main emphasis of the book is Haid on the problem o f foreign trade, and the analysis is based on already existing economic historical works. Five chapters of the book have been published before by the zuthor himself in different periodicals. One of the central themes in the discussion is to show that the economic responses can be either static or dynamic. In his consideration of economic responses to the difficulties brought about by international price fluctuations, Kindleberger attaches great importance to group behaviour in different countries. The response is unpredictable because it is co...


The research area covers the border zone between the Central and Outer Carpathians. The purpose of this research was the interpretation of this zone based on a gravitational survey. This survey was integrated with the results of surface mapping, a deep seismic survey, and deep drillings. Three major tectonic units are located in this area: the Outer (Flysch) Carpathians, the Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB), and the Central Carpathians. All three units contain a significant amount of flysch sequences. The lowering of the Bouguer anomaly value from north to south reflects the dip of the crystalline European Plate; in turn, the renewed increase in value correlates very well with the emergence of the crystalline ALCAPA Plate. The range of variability of the Bouguer anomaly value largely masks smaller anomalies in amplitude originating from smaller geological structures. Only three anomalies with significant horizontal extent and greater amplitudes are visible: two are clearly correlated with the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin and the third anomaly is likely connected with the thicker pile of the Outer Carpathian flysch. To separate the boundaries of geological or tectonic structures (lineaments), a horizontal derivative (THDR) and an analytical signal (ASA) were used. Both methods allowed us to confirm existing geological and tectonic boundaries (lineaments) and to identify new ones.


We consider the global attractor Af for the semiflow generated by a scalar semilinear parabolic equation of the form ut = uxx + f(u, ux), defined on the circle, x 2 S1. Using a characterization of the period maps for planar Hamiltonian systems of the form u00 + g(u) = 0 we discuss questions related to the topological equivalence between global attractors.


Yeasts and bacteria are two of common biocontrol agents to control mycotoxigenic fungi. Meanwhile, the mangosteen rind extract contains xanthone and gartanin compounds for antioxidant, antiproliferation, antiinflammation, antimicrobial, and anticancer. The objectives of this research were to test the effects of yeasts, acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and mangosteen rind extract on the aflatoxigenic A.ybegillz1sj7av.w growth and aflatoxin production in unfermented cocoa beans. Four yeast isolates, i.e., I~satcbenkia orientalis (lo) BIO 211291, 286 and 288, and Endomyces fbulger (E! BIO 132219; one bacteria isolate of Acetobacter aceti (Aa) FNCC0016; and mangosteen rind extract (MRE) were tested for their capabilities in inhibiting an aflatoxigenic A.javus (Afj BIO 3361/747 growth using the well method (in vitro). Two types of yeast (10 BIO 211291 and 288) were combined with A a and MRE in cocoa beans (in vivo). Aflatoxin production was analyzed using Thin h y e r Cbromathograph_v (TLC). The results showed that interaction of l o BIO 211291 and 288, and EfBIO 132219 on aflatoxigenic Af were interaction with inhibition zone > 2 mm (type D), while the interaction type of l o BIO 211286 on Afwere mutual intermingling growth, where both fungi grew into each other without any macroscopic sign of interaction (type A). The best treatment in agar media (in vitro) was Io BIO 211288 + A a on Potato Dextrose Agar + 12 g/L MRE. The highest l o population was 5.88 log cfu/g on cocoa beans inoculated by I o BIO 211291 + MRE in 1 day after inoculation, while the highest A. aceti population was 4.74 log cfu/g on cocoa beans with l o BIO 21 1291 + BIO 211288 + A a in 3 days after inoculation. Two best treatments were I o BIO 211288 + A a + MRE and I o BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + A a + MRE, because there were no A.j7avuspopulation since 3 until 11 days after inoculation. Aflatoxin in all samples treatment was lower than limit detection B1 (< 2.20 ppb), B2 (< 3.50 ppb), (GI < 0.54 ppb), dan (G2 < 1.00 ppb).


Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of dentin surface treatments with citric, tartaric, phosphoric, and boric acids on the bonding strength of monolithic zirconia. Material and Methods: A hundred human molar teeth were randomly divided into subsets (n = 10) based on acid treatment modalities and thermocycling procedure. Monolithic zirconia superstructures were fabricated using CAD/CAM system in the final dimensions of 7 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness. After application of acid treatments to dentin surface, shear bond strength test was performed to assess the effectiveness of surface modifications that were also examined using a scanning electron microscope. Results: The study groups were ranked respectively as (citric acid>tartaric acid>phosphoric acid>boric acid>control) for the set of groups without thermocycling and (citric acid>tartaric acid) and (phosphoric acid>boric acid>control) for the set of thermocycling groups (p 0.05). Conclusion: In both procedures with and without thermal cycling; based on order of efficacy, citric, tartaric, phosphoric, and boric acids were more effective in improving the shear bond strength between monolithic zirconia and dentin surface. The thermal cycling procedure decreased the bonding strength in all the groups.


The rough set theory was used to reduce the factors affecting construction engineering cost and optimize input variables of BP neural network. Then, the improved particle swarm algorithm with constriction factors is adopted to optimize the initial weights and thresholds. An engineering project in a city of Hunan is selected to make empirical analysis. It shows that based on the features of engineering, this new model enjoys a high practical value as it can be applied to make scientific evaluation of costs of construction engineering.


By publishing its white paper on the future of the NHS at this point in the election cycle,1 the British government has got its retaliation in first. The white paper reaffirms the government's commitment to maintain and develop the NHS and outlines a number of strategic objectives for the future. These objectives are to create a well informed public, a seamless service, decision making based on the latest clinical evidence, a highly trained and skilled workforce, and a service that responds to patients' needs. The white paper also restates three of the founding principles of the NHS—a commitment to universal population coverage, high quality care, and availability on the basis of clinical need—and for good measure adds a fourth—responsiveness to the needs and wishes of patients and carers.

Leaving on one side cynicism about the timing of the white paper and concerns that the time and skills of civil servants have been harnessed in the pursuit of party political objectives, there is much in the government's proposals that makes sense. The lack of a strategy …


Hui people and Han people were the main residents in the Shayuan area during Ming and Qing dynasties.Before Emperor Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty,Hui people were the dominant residents;after Tongzhi,Han people were the residents.The operating practices of Hui people were diverse.Hui people were mainly engaged in planting fruit,animal husbandry and commerce,these operating practices were not obvious for the environmental damage of Shayuan area.But Han people were mainly engaged in reclaiming lands and the farming methods were extensive,these operating practices had great damages to the environment of Shayuan area.This does not mean that the operating practices of Hui people are better than the Han people's,only it is conducive to the overall operation of ecological environment in the Shayuan area.


A case study is presented of the environmental background for a massive Saudi Arabian dust storm event that took place on 10 and 11 March 2009. The dust storm was large enough to be clearly seen from outer space and caused a widespread heavy atmospheric dust load, very low visibility, total airport shutdown, and damage to vehicles and trees across northern and central parts of Saudi Arabia. The precursor and supportive environment for this dust storm outbreak are investigated, drawing upon routine synoptic data and satellite imagery. Analytical evidence is offered to suggest that this dust storm was triggered and sustained by a cold front passage coincident with the propagation of a preexisting intense upperlevel jet streak. The major plume of the 10 March 2009 dust storm originated from several rich dust source areas extending across two regions—the Qasim region and the Adibdibah and As-Summan Plateau region. The intensity and frequency of dust storms triggered from these active areas of dust emissions s...


Future applications for connected and automated driving depend on high-precision, lane selective positioning especially in dense urban environments. Estimating a user's position is often based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), but stand-alone GNSS positioning methods do not meet the necessary performance requirements. To achieve higher accuracies, additional sensor information is usually incorporated. Recent trends to enhance GNSS based positioning have focused on Cooperative Positioning (CP)approaches which allow the elimination of correlated GNSS error terms. The work presented in this paper provides a Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)enhanced CP scheme using IEEE 802.11p and low-cost, multi-constellation GNSS receivers. A proposal for integrating GNSS raw data exchange through DSRC is given. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)performing GNSS Double Differencing (DD)is used as positioning algorithm and is compared to a conventional Least Squares Estimator (LSE). The proposed method is described in detail and validated in an experimental, dynamic measurement scenario.


The aim of the experiment was to determine the biomass yield, morphological characteristics and nutritive value of different high yielding Napier cultivars according their cutting intervals. This study mainly discussed about four Napier cultivars named BLRI-Napier-4, Wruk-Wona, Napier-Hybrid (Japan) and MarkEron. The cutting interval was 45 days. The  result showed significant difference (p<0.05) in 3rd cutting into these three cutting in case for biomass yield, number of hill, number of tiller and plant height. The stem and leaf ratio was higher in 2nd cutting in BLRI-Napier-4. For botanical fraction, leaf contained more dry matter than stem. Crude protein was higher in leaf portion for different Napier cultivars. As considering the cutting interval, the 3rd cutting contained higher dry matter compare to other cut. MarkEron cultivar showed more significant difference (p<0.001) for Ash and CP content into its three cutting. High level of oxalate found in BLRI-Napier-4. Considering biomass yield, BLRI-N-Hybrid was the higher value. Crude protein was higher in MarkEron cultivar.
Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2016, 1 (1), 100-107


Using the general theory proposed by Nagahara the characteristics of the single, double, and triple bonds between nitrogen atoms are studied systematically. The adiabatic potentials formed by these bonds are calculated quite nonempirically by treating the problems as those of electronic structures of hypothetical diatomic molecular systems, =N–N=, –N=N–, and N≡N, where ``open bonds'' represent each suitable atomic orbital associated with all possible spin configurations.


The plane and spatial framework anti-collapse experiments were verified by OpenSees nonlinear static anti-collapse numerical simulation. Then a six-story reinforced concrete space frame was designed,a transverse plane frame,a longitudinal plane frame and the space frame were analyzed by nonlinear static pushdown. And frame collapse resistance on plane and space are investigated under different removed columns working conditions. Experiment and numerical simulation indicated that the space frame collapse resistance is higher than the plane frame. Numerical simulation also showed that the space frame structural resistance is less than the sum of corresponding transverse and longitudinal plane frame structural resistance.


(where Ai=A, Dt = aDAa for all i) with the ordinary matrix addition and the multiplicationinduced from the canonical A-A-bimodule structure of DA and the map DARaDA->0. When A is hereditary, A(O is representation-finitefor some t iff so is AiO for all t, iff so is the trivial extension T(A)=A\XDA of A and iff A is of Dynkin type. However, these equivalences no longer hold for iterated tilted algebras. Actually, in Assem [1], Aa:> was studied in the case where A is an (iterated) tiltedalgebra of Dynkin type, and in particular,it was proved that, if A is iterated tilted of Dynkin type, then AC1) is simply connected, and consequently, so is Aa:> for any t^l. If the trivialextension T(A) is representation-finite, then, by Yamagata [22], the (ordinary) quiver Qa of A contains no oriented cycle, and hence A must be a homomorphic image of a hereditary algebra. However, an algebra A with an


The paper evaluates the effect of the surface treatment on the strength of the single‐lap adhesive joints made of the C45 steel. The samples were joined using an adhesive composition consisting of Epidian 57 epoxy resin and PAC curing agent. The study also used Greinplast mosaic plaster with a grain size of 1.0–1.6 mm as coating. The experi‐ ment was carried out for 3 variants of joints: sheet/sheet, sheet+plaster/sheet+plaster, sheet/sheet+plaster. Each vari‐ ant was divided into 3 methods of surface treatment. The strength tests were carried out on the Zwick/Roell Z150 testing machine. The roughness parameters of the surface's samples were measured using a HOMMEL TESTER T1000 profilometer.


List of abbreviations 1. Introduction: problems and solutions 2. Structure, style and design 3. The pictorial narrative of Genesis 4. Word, sign and reader 5. The book and the body 6. The historical narrative Bibliography Index.


Additional information available at the end of the chapter Abstract Helminth infections are highly endemic in parts of the world where the two killer epidemics caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) and the human immunodefi‐ ciency virus (HIV) intersect. Sub-Saharan Africa is hardest hit by this epidemiological overlap. Consequently, several studies have investigated the immunological outcomes of helminth coinfection with either HIV or M.tb , to elucidate the central hypothesis that chronic infection with helminths exacerbates the course of HIV and tuberculosis disease. However, there is no conclusive evidence to confirm whether helminth-induced immunity modulates HIV- and TB‐specific immune responses and their pathogenesis or vice versa. The present chapter summarizes the epidemiology, clinical course, and immune interactions during helminths and HIV/TB coinfections and undertakes a systematic review of the existing literature published from Africa on this subject. The aim was to determine if chronic helminthiasis has a negative impact on HIV and TB infections. A PubMed search was undertaken with no language and time restrictions. Search terms used included a varied combination of "Helminth coinfection and immunity and TB coinfection or TB immunity and HIV coinfection or HIV immunity and Africa." Names of individual species were also permutated in the search terms. Reviews and bibliographies of selected articles were screened to identify additional relevant articles or studies. Of the total 1021 articles retrieved, 47 were relevant with 31 helminth and HIV coinfection and reversed by deworming, while some studies found no benefit of antihelminthic treatment. More studies particularly in Southern Africa are needed to increase the much sought evidence of the impact of deworming among HIV-infected individuals as this seems the most feasible, cost‐effective intervention with little or no serious adverse effects. Lastly, with the expansion of ART and increased access to HIV treatment, the effects of helminths on vaccines, TB, and antiretroviral treatments efficacy also need serious consideration, in light of the suggestive evidence of possible immunologic failure due to helminth coinfection.


The purpose of this descriptive study was toexplore cognitive impairment in the elderly visitingmedical clinic. Two-hundred and eighty elders aged60 years and over were sampling from medical clinic,out-patient department, Udonthani hospital.Demographic and health questionair, Barthel ActivityDaily Living Index, Thai Hospital Anxiety andDepression Scale (Thai HADS), and Thai Mental StateExamination (TMSE) were used in data collection.Data were analysed by descriptive statistic, chi-squareand correlation coefficient.The results  of this study revealed thatthe prevalence of cognitive impairment of elderlyvisiting medical clinic was 43.2%. Cognitiveimpairment was found in female more than male(28.6% vs 14.6%). Factors associated with cognitiveimpairment were education level (p-value <0.001).Income and functional ability in activity in daily livinghad positive correlation (r = 0.131, p-value = 0.028,r = 0.199, p-value = 0.001  respectively), whereasage and depression had negative correlationwith cognitive function(r = -0.165, p-value = 0.006,r = -0.159, p-value  = 0.008 respectively). Therewas no significant correlation between sex, numberof disease, social activity, and cognitive functionfound in this study.Conclusion:  Prevalence of  cognitive impairmentin the elderly visiting medical clinic was high andassociated with age, education level, income, functionalability, and depression.


The interactions of Legionella bacteria with other microorganisms occupying the same aquatic habitats are reviewed, with respect to the influences of these interactions on growth and survival of Legionella species. The possible roles of non-Legionella bacteria and of viruses infecting Legionella are emphasized. The role of bacteria in supplying nutrients for Legionella growth is reviewed, and some recent data from our laboratory on stimulatory drinking water bacteria and possible predatory bacteria are discussed.


The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C8H10N5 +·C7H7O3S−, consists of two amino[(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)amino]methaniminium cations and two 4-methylbenzenesulfonate anions. The cations are each stabilized by intramolecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the free amino groups and the imine N atoms of the benzimidazole units, forming S(6) ring motifs. In the crystal, cations and anions are linked by N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular framework. Two strong π–π stacking interactions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.4112 (14) and 3.4104 (14) Å] also occur between the centroids of the imidazole rings of like cations.


This paper describes the relationship between a physiological marker of stress (heart rate variability) and survey-based stress responses from a cross-over real-world bicycling experiment. The analysis shows that while heart rate variability was inversely associated with survey-based estimates of stress, large uncertainty in the relationship indicates carefully controlled experiments are still needed before we can be confident that bicyclist stress can be measured through heart rate variability.


The analysis presented here is based upon interviews conducted with 34 women in Maryland in 1997, one year after the passage of the PRA of 1996, or welfare reform. To locate participants, I distributed fliers to educational and community centers asking for single women raising children and receiving aid who would be willing to share their experiences with welfare. I offered to compensate participants $15 for their time in participating in the interviews. After several initial interviewees were chosen from these sites, other respondents were located using an informal snowball sample.


The purpose of this study is to prove the correlation between airline service quality and tourists satisfaction, a decisive influence factor. To achieve above purpose, firstly, airline service will be classified. Secondly, systematization of correlation between service quality concept and factors, airline service quality and tourists satisfaction will be studied. Lastly, corroborative study will help to verifiy the them.


A fully-modeled unit cell analysis is performed to investigate the macroscopic and microscopic elastic-viscoplastic behaviors of a quasi-isotropic carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate. To this end, a quasi-isotropic CFRP laminate and its microstructure composed of carbon fibers and a matrix material are considered three-dimensionally. Then, a hexagonal prism-shaped unit cell fully modeled with fibers and a matrix including interlaminar areas is defined. For this quasi-isotropic laminate, a homogenization theory for nonlinear time-dependent composites with point-symmetric internal structures is applied, enabling us to analyze both the macroscopic and microscopic elastic-viscoplastic behaviors of the laminate. The substructure method is introduced into the theory to reduce computational costs. The present method is then applied to the elastic-viscoplastic analysis of a quasi-isotropic carbon fiber/epoxy laminate subjected to an in-plane uniaxial tensile load, to investigate the macroscopic elastic-viscoplastic behavior of the laminate and the microscopic stress and strain distributions in them.


ABSTRACT Modeling urban growth in Economic development zones (EDZs) can help planners determine appropriate land policies for these regions. However, sometimes EDZs are established in remote areas outside of central cities that have no historical urban areas. Existing models are unable to simulate the emergence of urban areas without historical urban land in EDZs. In this study, a cellular automaton (CA) model based on fuzzy clustering is developed to address this issue. This model is implemented by coupling an unsupervised classification method and a modified CA model with an urban emergence mechanism based on local maxima. Through an analysis of the planning policies and existing infrastructure, the proposed model can detect the potential start zones and simulate the trajectory of urban growth independent of the historical urban land use. The method is validated in the urban emergence simulation of the Taiping Bay development zone in Dalian, China from 2013 to 2019. The proposed model is applied to future simulation in 2019–2030. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can be used to predict urban emergence and generate the possible future urban form, which will assist planners in determining the urban layout and controlling urban growth in EDZs.


The Interaction between Multimedia device such as Smartphone or laptop
and human become more advance through times, the ideas that concern computer
vision emerged. One of them is auto pause or smart pause technology. this
technology can be found in nowadays smartphone and the manufacture ship the
gadget with this feature already. With this technology user can enjoy their
watching on Video Player without worry about losing important moments on that
video. Video Player will automatically pause itself when user distracted and not
stare at the screen. This such thing really useful for gadget interactivity since the
user not always be ready to touch the pause button when the good things come out
of the video. Unfortunately, this technology only exist on those gadgets which
have expensive price and sometime unreachable by so many people. Therefore
this paper comes out with the idea to bring this technology to laptop which
assumed has cheaper price and has so many user.
This paper use face detection algorithm which provided by OpenCV and
Eye Center detection Algorithm. The Eye Center Algorithm based on journal
"Accurate eye centre localisation by means of gradients" by Fabian Timm dan
Erhard Barth which published in 2011.


Pelidnota hirsutiphallica new species, is described as new from Col6n and Bocas del Toro provinces in Panama. It is incorporated into the most recent key to the genus and distinguished from its congeners.


Rolando Estévez Jordán, a visual artist, and Alfredo Zaldívar, a poet, co-founded Cuba's Ediciones Vigía (Watchtower Editions) in 1985 to create an open forum for writers, musicians, and artists.1 They began by creating single-sheet flyers to advertise meetings, but their venture soon evolved into a publishing house that now produces limited edition handmade books and journals. Typically designed by Estévez and assembled by artisans, the publications are celebrated for the sophisticated interaction of word and image, the use of repurposed and recycled materials, the presence of flaps, pop-up illustrations, pull-down scrolls, and movable parts, and the active and multi-sensory engagement they demand of reader-viewers.


Abstract This resource is a high-fidelity simulation case designed for emergency medicine residents and medical students. The case involves a patient who presents with chest pain, fever, and lethar...


 OJS platform for journals and series  DOIs and ISSNs  LOCKSS  Journal registration in Sherpa/Romeo, DOAJ, and subject specific databases  8 journals, 2 series  2 journals and 3 series planned  Repository for project information  Interfaces to all BORIS installations  Interfaces to the university's financial and staff databases  Guidance on research data publication, file formats, DMPs, funding requirements, publication processes, contracts, copyright questions and Open Access licenses  Training sessions in Open Access and Research Data Management  DMP Writing Labs  Review of publishing agreements and DMPs  Verifying selfarchiving policies and metadata  Technical and organisational support for researchers and journal editors (BOP)  Negotiating with external service providers (print and distribution, templates, copy-editing and layout)


Cubic boron nitride (c-BN) films synthesized by various energetic species assisted physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition techniques on Si and diamond-coated Si substrates have been investigated by boron and nitrogen K-edge angle-resolved x-ray absorption near-edge structure in both total electron yield and fluorescence yield modes. X-ray absorption spectrum has been developed to study the film structure, the quantity and distribution of the partially ordered turbostratic (t-BN) and amorphous (a-BN) sp2-hybridized BN phases, and the t-BN∕a-BN ratios. The preferred direction of the t-BN basal planes at the interface between c-BN and substrate is found to be normal or nearly normal to the substrate. The content of the sp2-bonded BN in the c-BN films deposited on diamond-coated Si substrates reduces remarkably. The modifications of the electronic structure of the c-BN films with respect to bulk hexagonal BN and c-BN have been investigated and the crystallinity of c-BN films has also been eva...


Hormones serves as natural chemical triggers that regulate various processes within the human body, including growth, emotional states, and cognitive processing. Extensive research has been conducted to explore the correlation between hormonal effects and cognitive function; these studies have examined a variety of factors such as aging, pregnancy, post-natal states, emotions, and stress. This article focuses on the impact of hormonal changes on neuronal networks and the mechanisms underlying cognitive function. Hormones possess the ability to influence multiple processes in the human body, including emotions and cognition. The effects of hormones on cognitive function vary depending on the specific hormone involved. Furthermore, hormone levels that are too low or too high can lead to both positive and negative outcomes. Therefore, understanding the influence of sex hormones on cognition is a valuable endeavor.


The corn market continues to be influenced by two major fundamental factors. One is the on-going high rate of consumption, particularly the magnitude of export sales. Export commitments as of April 17 accounted for 97 percent of the USDA's projection of exports for the year that has just over 19 weeks remaining. The major concern is that 38 percent of those sales have not yet been shipped and could be subject to cancellation or rolling into the next marketing year. The second factor is the slow start to the planting season. Only six percent of the acreage in the 18 major corn producing states was reported as planted as of April 20.


POST-SURGICAL CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT MIMICKING RESIDUAL BRAIN TUMOUR To the Editor Contrast enhancement secondary to surgical trauma occurs in the postoperative brain (Grand et al., 1978; Krishra Rao et al., 1980). Postsurgical enhancement can mimick residual enhancing tumor confounding the interpretation of the postoperative CT scan. The following case and sequence of CT scans illustrate the difficulty in distinguishing between postsurgical changes and residual tumor.


This paper aims to test for causality between two dividend policies (dividend payout and dividend reinvestment plans) and return on equity as a measure of financial performance. Dividend policies issues have been continually debated around the world with mixed results, and yet to date, no definite conclusions have been reached. The study used 250 commercial banks from 30 SSA countries over the period between 2006 and 2015 to run long-run causality tests. The results from the block exogeneity Wald test from the panel vector error correction model, and the pairwise Granger causality test shows that there is a unidirectional causality between return on equity and dividend payout ratio. This implies no causality between dividend payout ratio and banks' return on equity over the study period. Hence, we conclude that the widely adopted model for the payment of dividends in the SSA banking market is a win-lose game, as there is no causality between dividend payment and bank performance. As such, we recommend that other dividend policies that can minimize future financing costs, increase bank assets, and improve the future growth prospects of the region be explored.


Number sequences defined by a linear recursion relation are studied by means of generating functions. Indices of the terms in the recursion relation have arbitrary differenses. In addition to formulas for the nth term an algorithm is derived for calculating the nth term even without an expression in closed form.


To deliver a high integrated luminosity over several years of operation, a linear collider must not only meet its energy and luminosity performance goals, but also have a very high hardware availability and operating efficiency. The first challenge is the size and complexity of the facility. If the typical reliability of existing High Energy Physics accelerators is simply scaled to the size of a 500 GeV linear collider, the overall system availability will be too low. The final design must incorporate a more rigorous failure analysis as well as built-in overheads and redundancy. An additional challenge is the complexity of the tuning procedures required to preserve a very small beam emittance. These include beam-based alignment of magnets and rf structures, automated trajectory correction, feedback, emittance and luminosity optimization, and more. Another issue is the inherently large power densities in the beams, which can damage any beamline components they intercept. An extensive machine protection system is necessary to inhibit beam in case of a fault and automatically execute a recovery sequence. This paper will present the important issues in the context of the proposed linear collider designs.


A discussion is given of the various factors affecting the intensity and sharpness of the multiple-beam Fizeau fringes and fringes of equal chromatic order used for the study of surface topography The effects of absorption in the silver film, phase condition, linear displacement of the beams, finite size of source, departure from parallelism and source line width are considered. It is shown that Fabry-Perot fringes, multiple-beam Fizeau fringes and fringes of equal chromatic order have all the same fringe shape if certain conditions are fulfilled.


This article presents the results of an error analysis investigation carried out in Concepción, Chile, with a group of forty-eight native speakers of Spanish studying to become EFL teachers at Universidad San Sebastián. All participants were first year students who had studied English tenses and aspects for a year. The objectives of this investigation were the identification of students' errors regarding the use of tenses and aspects in English, the design of a hierarchy of difficulty and the explanation of main errors. According to the results obtained, after a year of formal instruction, students still showed problems with the correct use of English tenses and aspects. The main problem was accurately matching tenses and aspects to different contexts. Findings provide useful information to design remedial programmes to help students become successful in the use of English tenses and aspects.


Doctors are scarce resources in society, so strengthening medical education and improving ability of medical staff are important contents of the whole society. Surgical training is an important part of basic surgical teaching and a way for medical students to become qualified surgeons. Therefore, this article focuses on the operation training in the teaching of basic surgical science, and discusses the teaching problems and teaching strategies.


In an attempt to develop an appreciation for amphibians and reptiles among non-science majors, we integrated field work and hands-on herpetology into our instruction of a non-laboratory lecture course. We used a pre-test/post-test survey and paired t-tests to evaluate student empathy for a variety of organisms, including salamanders and snakes. We likewise used reflective journals to monitor student attitudes toward amphibians and reptiles throughout the field experience and structured interviews to more fully explore emerging themes. Quantitatively, student empathy towards salamanders, the one organism to which they were routinely exposed, was greater after completion of the field experience. Likewise, several students expressed a greater appreciation for and comfort with amphibians and reptiles, as measured through reflective journaling and qualitative interviews. These findings suggest that actively engaging students in the field and exposing them to amphibian and reptile conservation may enhance the appreciation of these species, alleviate or lessen herpetophobia, and promote environmental protection. The broader impacts of these findings have clear ties to the management of non-game biodiversity and conservation implications for the global environment. Furthermore, natural resource managers and teachers in higher education should carefully integrate experiential education and reflective practice into their programs to enhance environmental awareness among their students, along with a desire to conserve non-game biodiversity, including amphibians and reptiles.


OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reaction(ADR)in our city. METH- ODS:164 cases of ADR reports collected from 4 secondary or above degree hospitals(including 2 three-class and 2 secondary hospitals)in our city in 2009 were analyzed statistically in respects of the reporters,ADR degree,sex and age of patients,the causality of ADR,route of administration,types of ADR-inducing drugs,major clinical manifestation,etc. RESULTS:Among 164 ADR cases,29.88% were caused by anti-infective drugs,patients aged over 60 occupied 42.68%,intravenous route was the major cause of ADR(76.22%). The lesion of skin and its appendants were the most common clinical manifestation of ADR(34.15%). CONCLUSION:Anti-infective drugs should be used more rationally to avoid or reduce the occurrence of ADR.


Ve present a simple overlapping generations search model of an inflationary economy in which money is the only store of value and identify an inflation based endogenously determined search cost. The latter reflects the fact that resources required for future consumption are random and are thus exposed to excessive erosion. Ve analyze the effect of the constant inflation rate on the equilibrium real price distribution, output and welfare. An increase in the rate of inflation increases production efficiency and may increase welfare.


DC magnetrons with a rotating cylindrical cathode and length up to 2.5 m were designed. Results of the experiments for the sputtered film uniformity and target utilization degree increasing are presented. Depending on technological requirements, a magnet system of the magnetron forms either one sputtered particle flow or two flows in diametrically opposite directions. Linear accelerators with an anode layer designed for cleaning the substrate surfaces prior to the coating deposition and for hard carbon films deposition are described as well.


When silane, with more than 0.1% of diborane in the gas mixture, are co-pyrolyzed at temperatures below 540°C, an amorphous silicon-boron alloy is formed. The composition of the solid film was determined by SINS and Auger spectroscopy. The amorphous nature of the films was established by X-ray diffraction, laser Raman spectroscopy, and TEM electron diffraction. Electrical and optical properties of this material are reported. Oxidation and chemical etching of this material were also studied.


Background: Mexico is a megadiverse country with an elevated diversity of species of vascular plants. A comprehensive Flora that includes all of the vascular plants distributed in Mexico does not yet exist. Electronic Floras have demonstrated the value of a compendium based on existing knowledge and published Floras, checklists and revisions.
Questions: What is the best approach for publishing the Flora of Mexico? What resources are needed to create this Flora? What is the current status of these resources?
Objective: The objective of this paper is to summarize and evaluate the taxonomic and digital resources and the bioinformatic tools needed to develop an online Flora for the vascular plants of Mexico, as well as to discuss its content.
Results and Conclusions: An online flora using the EDIT Platform for Cybertaxonomy is proposed, with the collaboration of Mexican and international researchers. It will be based on approximately 5.3 million specimens deposited in Mexican herbaria, with an inter-operational portal to other biodiversity platforms. The name assigned to this online flora is "eFloraMEX". As a starting point, the taxonomic backbone, the checklist for the Mexican vascular plants including approximately 29,000 species, was published in a portal (efloramex.ib.unam.mx) to be revised and updated by specialists. A council of taxonomists and computer experts will lead the eFloraMEX project on two fronts: taxonomic and digital resources. The main challenges to completing this Flora are building the team, training taxonomists, digitizing the specimens for most of Mexican herbaria and obtaining the required long-term funding.


Synopsis : In order to clarify metallurgical factors affecting creep rupture ductility of Cr-Mo-V steel, creep tests for the specimens with actual rotor materials differing in quenching temperature and also in impurity content were carried out at 550•Ž-210 MPa and 575•Ž-160 MPa. Creep properties were compared and also nucleation-growth behavior of creep cavities during creep and rupture ductility were investigated. The obtained results are as follows : (1) The high-purity materials have the best rupture ductility among as-heat-treated materials quenched at 940-970•Ž and show rupture elongation higher than 10%. Other low-purity materials show rupture elongation lower than 10%. The decrease in ductility corresponds to the increase in impurity content. (2) The rupture ductility of the re-heat-treated rotor materilas quenched at 1 025•Ž decreases greatly to less than half the value of as-heat-treated materials in (1). The decrease in ductility corresponds to grain


Testicular torsion usually occurs after puberty; it should be considered in all patients under the age of 18. Operative correction of testicular torsion is usually performed via a single midline scrotal incision. Epididymo-orchitis is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterised by inflammation to the epididymis and testis. Orchitis is rare in pre-pubescent mumps but it is evident in up to 20% of cases of post-pubescent mumps. Epididymitis is characterised by focal tenderness in the tail and the head of the epididymus, which may become gradually indurated. The differential diagnosis of epididymo-orchitis and torsion may be difficult and imaging techniques may well be indicated to rule out torsion. The treatment of epipidymo-orchitis should include symptomatic measures such as analgesia, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, elevation of the scrotum and bed rest. (author abstract)


It has been observed that neural networks perform poorly when the data or tasks are presented sequentially. Unlike humans, neural networks suffer greatly from catastrophic forgetting, making it impossible to perform life-long learning. To address this issue, memory-based continual learning has been actively studied and stands out as one of the best-performing methods. We examine memory-based continual learning and identify that large variation in the representation space is crucial for avoiding catastrophic forgetting. Motivated by this, we propose to diversify representations by using two types of perturbations: model-agnostic variation (i.e., the variation is generated without the knowledge of the learned neural network) and model-based variation (i.e., the variation is conditioned on the learned neural network). We demonstrate that enlarging representational variation serves as a general principle to improve continual learning. Finally, we perform empirical studies which demonstrate that our method, as a simple plug-and-play component, can consistently improve a number of memory-based continual learning methods by a large margin.


In this paper, a dual-band independent phase-shift electronically reconfigurable miniature wide band unit cell has been demonstrated for Ku-band. The transmitter layer (M1) exploits two metal patches containing two pin diodes for each lower and higher frequency patch. The receiver layer (M4) includes a pair of passive metal patches at the receiver end that resonates independent frequency bands for lower and higher frequency bands. Four magnetic dipoles are engrave on a single unit cell for low and high frequency bands. Four metal layers reduce the complexity and manufacturing cost of the unit cell. A novel technique with magnetic dipoles helps to miniaturize the unit-cell and diminish the mutual coupling between lower and higher frequency patches. Moreover, four parasitic patches with magnetic dipoles enhance the unit cell's overall bandwidth. Four states of transmission coefficient (S21) are obtainable for independent phase shift for each lower and higher frequency band. The higher band realized a minimum transmission coefficient up to 0.59 dB more than 1.09 GHz bandwidth. In contrast, the lower band exhibits minimum transmission coefficient up to 0.68 dB and 1.27 GHz bandwidth, approximately due to low inter mutual coupling between patches. Thus, 1-Bit independent phase-shift attained for both higher and lower frequency bands.


This paper analyzes and designs a second order digital phase-locked loop (DPLL), and presents low power architecture for DPLL. The proposed architecture reduces the high power consumption of conventional DPLL, which results from using a read only memory (ROM) in implementation of the numerically controlled oscillator (NCO). The proposed DPLL utilizes a new design for NCO, in which no ROM is used. DPLL is designed and implemented using FPGA, consumes 237 mw, which means more than 25% saving in power consumption, and works at faster clock frequency compared to traditional architecture.


Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is formed by thermally treating products rich in carbohydrates. HMF and other furan derivatives are toxic. The aim of the research was to establish the content of HMF in gingerbread biscuits with honey and sugar syrup additives by using three leavening agents— ammonium carbonate (NH4HCO3 and (NH4)2CO3), baking powder, and baking soda (NaHCO3). The content of HMF is significantly affected by the leavening agent used. The content of HMF with honey where ammonium carbonate was used as additive range from 5.7 to 27.3mg 100g, but when sugar syrup is used the content varies from 2.3 to 7.4mg 100g. When baking powder and baking soda are used as leavening agents, the content of HMF exceeds 4mg 100g in the event honey had been added and the baking time had been longer (10 minutes at 180°C or 9 minutes at 200°C). Keywords—gingerbread biscuits, honey, hydroxymethylfurfural, rippers.


Advances in nonlinear filter theory have produced the Gaussian second-order filter. This extension of the Kalman filter compensates for measurement nonlinearity by appropriate bias compensation and a priori measurement variance increase. This paper develops the Gaussian second-order measurement equations appropriate for the nonlinear elongation of measured range. The required additions to a linearized Kalman filter are not complex. The performance improvement obtainable is demonstrated in a spacecraft rendezvous navigation simulation. Divergence of the standard linearized filter occurs if the initial error exceeds 1 km. Divergence in the second-order filter does not occur unless the initial error exceeds 10 km.


It is possible that he might be guided in some good path, and kept out of harm's way .... But what will be his comparative worth as a human being? It really is of importance, not only what men do, but also what manner of men they are that do it... . Human nature is not a machine to be built after a model, and set to do exactly the work prescribed for it, but a tree, which requires to grow and develop itself on all sides, according to the tendency of the inward forces which make it a living thing. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty1


The correlation of the state interests in the forms of the limited legal liability of the subject certain categories is analyzed in the article. The author accentuates the attention on the direct dependence of the liability limitation cases on the state-run policy.


n this article, based on national and foreign experience, the concept of social experiment and legal experiment as its type, the opinions of scientists in this field, the classification of legal experiment and its role in rule-making activities are highlighted. Also, this article attempts to analyze the issues of conducting a legal experiment in our country. The article discusses the importance of conducting a legal experiment, its importance in improving the rule-making, the stages of conducting a legal experiment, as well as the tasks that must be solved and the ways to solve them. The article presents the problems of conducting a legal experiment, conclusions and proposals on them.


Few prospective studies have examined associations between diet quality and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), or comprehensively compared diet quality indices. We conducted a prospective analysis of adherence to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, alternative HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), and two Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH, Fung and Mellen) indices and PDAC within the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study (United States, 1995-2011). The dietary quality indices were calculated using responses from a 124-item food frequency questionnaire completed by 535,824 (315,780 men and 220,044 women) participants. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each diet quality index and PDAC. During follow-up through 2011 (15.5-year median), 3,137 incident PDAC cases were identified. Compared to those with the lowest adherence quintiles (Q1), participants with the highest adherence (Q5) [HRs (95% CIs)] to the HEI-2015 [0.84 (0.75, 0.94)], aMED [0.82 (0.73, 0.93)], DASH-Fung [0.85 (0.77, 0.95)], and DASH-Mellen [0.86 (0.77, 0.96)] had a statistically significant lower PDAC risk but not the AHEI-2010 [0.93 (0.83, 1.04)]. This prospective observational study supports the hypothesis that greater adherence to the HEI-2015, aMED, and DASH dietary recommendations may reduce PDAC.


Aristotle was a realist about natural teleology, Kant an anti-realist. My dissertation explains why each accorded it the epistemic and ontological status that he did. I articulate and defend novel conceptions of the problems they were addressing and their solutions to them.
 Aristotle's natural teleology constitutes an essential part of his solution to a larger problem: how is motion or change possible? Motion had been thought by some to be unlimited and, therefore, unknowable. If there is to be a science of natural motion, then, motion must have limits. The telos was one such limit. Aristotle often glosses telos with limit, and this association is consistent with prior usage. It was, in fact, one of the three standardly recognized limits, together with beginning and middle—archē and meson. All three figure in Aristotle's account of natural motion. The archē is the efficient cause, and the meson is that by which the archē brings about some telos. So understood, the telos has a natural relation to the possibility of motion: it serves as a limit in virtue of which motion is intelligible.
 Kant's teleology is intimately related to disputes about universals and our empirical classifications of things. Central to my account is the category of community. Our discursive intellects require that we approach nature as if it were ordered into a system of genera and species. In such a system, the species are parts of the genus and stand together in community under it, thereby constituting a whole. Similarly, an organism or natural end possesses the form of a system and its parts stand together in community under a common or communal ground. They too constitute a whole. But as with nature's kinds, we can only approach an organism as if its parts formed a real whole: their communal ground is simple and so not to be met with in space. They possess, in other words, a noumenal ground. Consequently, organisms can be explained neither teleologically nor mechanistically, and teleology itself can never be accorded genuinely scientific status. Natural ends can be understood only on analogy with ourselves.


Abstract Hematologic data in previous cases of eosinophilia with fibrosing endocarditis have been too limited to firmly establish a relation to the myeloproliferative disorders. A patient with the ...


This article seeks to reveal the consequences of social alterations to the administrative law. The first problem is the conception of social alterations and their connections with administrative law. Social alterations necessarily dictate the pulse to the administrative law. Administrative law has to use the methods of social sciences and determine the real working of the rule of law in order to step with changes of society and to reflect the dynamics of social reality. It is necessary to diagnose social alterations and to predict changes. Then we can see clear vision of the norm of administrative law, which regulate one or another public relation. The second investigative problem of this article brings for discussion, whether social alterations in Lithuania reveal and "direct" the social alterations where it is necessary: to the management of system of laws and other normative acts or law systems. There is no effective system of drafting qualitative normative acts and their supervision in Lithuania. That is why citizens do not take part in the drafting procedure of normative acts, they are rather passive, moreover, we can notice the intensification of administrative supervision, the aggressive intervention of state servants into the private business in order to gather the taxes. This sort of legal circumstances drives people into desperation. It is a shame that the normative act could be rearranged several times a month. It is possible to state, that this sort of practice weakens almost the most important element of the enactment – its' direct regulative normative power. Administrative law can not exist solely but it has to cooperate with other sciences – law and other social sciences. Administrative law has a direct access the almost all spheres of human life. That is why it is necessary to diagnose in time social alterations and to evaluate them. For this purpose social researches exist, which can help to manage and to predict the efficiency of the enactment. The third investigative problem of this article reveals the evolution of the administrative law. The administrative law will be able to perform its functions, if the changes of social circumstances will be accepted. For instance, the new normative acts can improve the business regulative circumstances or create negative conditions for one and positive conditions for the others. In this way administrative law on the basis of control of constitutional principles (8, p. 100–110) has to react strategically to the changes of surroundings. It has to evaluate newly and flexibly model its' functions, which embody the application of legal regulation means and methods from the origins of legal regulation mechanisms. The fourth problem of the article provides an analysis of factors, which determine the lag of administrative law theoretics in Lithuania. From the side of management arrangement of enactments, legislation and implementation of normative acts can be evaluated as the solid system of legal regulation, to which it is applied an experience of management systems. Efficient management will use social regularities, model the decisions of management, seek certain results, which are significant for the society. If we take the arrangement of enactments, legislation and implementation of normative acts as the solid system of legal regulation, it is possible to think, that this system must have one common systematic purpose, on basis of which it can be managed.


The electromagnetic field under applied AC and DC current in round and rectangularpipe was systematically investigated, then a concept of 'equivalent current density'was proposed for evaluating the inhomogeneous electromagnetic pinch force, and themono-component removal efficiency and the overall removal efficiency of inclusionwere formulated. It is founded that flat pipe is superior to round pipe for the electro-magnetic removal of inclusion, and DC current can get a higher removal efficiencythan AC current due to absence of skin phenomenon. Under usual condition, a re-moval efficiency of 52% for 10μm inclusion or more than 92% for 20μm inclusioncan be achieved by imposing a current density of 3× 106A/m2 in a fiat pipe.


We present experimental data and associated theory for correlations in a series of experiments involving repeated Landau-Zener sweeps through the crossing point of a singlet state and a spin aligned triplet state in a GaAs double quantum dot containing two conduction electrons, which are loaded in the singlet state before each sweep, and the final spin is recorded after each sweep. The experiments reported here measure correlations on time scales from 4 $\mu$s to 2 ms. When the magnetic field is aligned in a direction such that spin-orbit coupling cannot cause spin flips, the correlation spectrum has prominent peaks centered at zero frequency and at the differences of the Larmor frequencies of the nuclei, on top of a frequency-independent background. When the spin-orbit field is relevant, there are additional peaks, centered at the frequencies of the individual species. A theoretical model which neglects the effects of high-frequency charge noise correctly predicts the positions of the observed peaks, and gives a reasonably accurate prediction of the size of the frequency-independent background, but gives peak areas that are larger than the observed areas by a factor of two or more. The observed peak widths are roughly consistent with predictions based on nuclear dephasing times of the order of 60 $\mu$s. However, there is extra weight at the lowest observed frequencies, which suggests the existence of residual correlations on the scale of 2 ms. We speculate on the source of these discrepancies.


The essay explores the problematic representation of crowds and fascist aesthetics in relation to the modernist textualization of the body. By taking into account the historiography of Aby Warburg, the essay analyses the materiality and making of films by Harun Farocki, Busby Berkeley and Leni Riefenstahl in order to underscore the difference between sight and visuality in historical representations.


Electrocardiography is a useful tool for monitoring all patients during the perioperative period to determine heart rate, the presence of arrhythmias and conduction defects. It may be argued that routine monitoring of an electrocardiogram (ECG) of a healthy patient is unnecessary; however, unexpected, more malignant arrhythmias – some of which can be life threatening – may be present and would remain undiagnosed and therefore untreated if the ECG was not monitored. This article describes how to interpret abnormal ECG rhythms in healthy and sick dogs and cats, and considers conditions in which it is advised to monitor the ECG in the perioperative period. An understanding of common ECG abnormalities can assist practitioners when planning a patient's treatment perioperatively.


This work deals with the problems of the manufacture business administration in the period of modern development of the domestic enterprise. We were talking about the theoretical and analytical researches in the field of manufacture business administration. We also gave the specification of the content of the manufacture preparation in the conditions of the continuous changes of the environmental factors, looking into the structure and the stages of the manufacture preparation. The article is recommended to the students and candidates of the economical departments of the higher schools.


We obtain a formula of decomposition for Φ(A)=A∫Rn S(f(x))φ(x)dx +∫Rnφ (x)dx using the method of stationary phase. Here (S(t))t∈R is once integrated, exponentially bounded group of operators in a Banach space X with generator A, which satisfies the condition: For every x∈X there exists δ=δ(x)>0 such that S(t)x t1/2+δ → 0 as t → 0. The function φ(x) is infinitely differentiable, defined on Rn, with values in X, with a compact support supp φ, the function f(x) is infinitely differentiable defined on Rn, with values in R, and f(x) on supp φ has exactly one nondegenerate stationary point x0.


incidence of false negativity of the sentinel node(s). Also, we know from personal experience that these units lose patients to follow-up. That should not happen after an experimental treatment where detailed audit of long-term events is essential for validation. This suggests that databases, if held, are porous and strict follow-up is not efficiently conducted. Most patients with melanoma in the U.K. are referred for diagnosis to dermatologists who in turn can control surgical referral either to units who do, or units who do not perform SLNB. For this reason, dermatologists have a responsibility to have an in-depth understanding of SLNB and its ramifications so that they can inform and advise patients accurately. At the present time in the U.K., SLNB is advised and performed randomly according to postcode by a few enthusiastic surgeons who do not co-operate with others or co-ordinate their efforts. No patients have been entered into RCTs either to validate the procedure or to investigate adjuvant therapies according to sentinel node status. Is this a satisfactory way to proceed? The expected National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidance will not make any contribution to this random pattern of practice. The solution to this problem, as well as the responsibility, lies largely with dermatologists. For example, they could choose to refer patients only to centres participating in RCTs, or indeed to centres which do not perform SLNB. In the meantime, patients should be informed that SLNB is an experimental procedure of unproven value and not the latest in innovative care. They must understand that, at present, its only proven benefit is as a staging investigation and they must know that selective lymphadenectomy may increase the risk of local ⁄ in-transit recurrence which itself carries an ominous prognosis. Dermatologists, please take the lead.


The location of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in inappropriate places is a serious risk to the quality of all environmental factors. These waste disposal sites can become major sources of chemical pollution and biological contamination of soil, groundwater and surface waters due to the high content of heavy metals and organic substances with low biodegradation rate. The paper discusses in detail the issues of the landfill sites territorial distribution in Suceava County (the Mirăuţi landfill, located in the adjacent area of Suceava city and the Gura Humorului, Radauti, Siret, Campulung Moldovenesc, Fălticeni and Vatra Dornei urban landfills), together with a review of the technical data of the landfills, as well as an evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative effects they produce on the landscape, soil and groundwater quality.


This is a significant book with important implications on Chinese studies, postcolonial studies, and historiography in general. Instead of embracing what has been called the "China-centered" historical approach that emphasizes only the indigenous development or simply reinstating the "China's response to the West" paradigm, Hevia has produced a more inclusive history that examines how one region of the world interacted and influenced the other. Moreover, this book joins an array of postcolonial scholarship that highlights the reciprocal relationship between the colonized and the colonizer in the making of the modern world. Specifically, Hevia vividly demonstrates that symbolic assaults on Chinese culture were often meticulously documented and photographed so that such performances could be consumed by a wider audience at home, showing that the pedagogy of imperialism was crucial to the identity formation of the colonizer and the colonized alike. One area that is underexplored, however, is the ways in which Qing China internalized the teachings of imperialism. In other words, a more in-depth analysis of the agency of the Qing would probably further complicate the relationship between the "core" and "periphery," deepening Hevia's already very sophisticated global history framework. At any rate, this is a highly successful book that has effectively bridged the gap between late Qing studies and postcolonial scholarship. Moreover, in light of the ongoing American involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan, this work inevitably gives us another opportunity to reflect upon the nature of American overseas "nation-building" projects as well as U.S. claims of having the moral high ground of spreading freedom and democracy to the rest of the world. tong lam University of Richmond


A method for performing plasma etching on a silicon oxide film layer laminated on a wafer, using a silicon mask formed on the silicon oxide film as the mask; wherein the silicon oxide film layer (3) is etched using a plasma of a CF-containing gas, and an Si-containing material is then deposited on the mask using a plasma of an Si-containing gas, after which the silicon oxide film layer is again etched using a plasma of a CF-containing gas in a state in which the Si-containing material is deposited on the silicon mask. A hole having an aspect ratio equal to or greater than 60 is thereby formed.


It is advisable that parts whose shape is complex and which are made from solid or hollow blanks should be made by means of transverse and combined radial-longitudinal extrusion. The variation of manufacturing modes, tool configurations (in the form of chambers and rounding of the transitional sections of matrices) requires an adequate preliminary assessment of the force regime and the features of part shape formation. This paper has proposed a curvilinear kinematic module of the trapezoidal form for modeling radial-longitudinal extrusion processes in the presence of matrix rounding. Given the impossibility of using a quarter-circle boundary for the kinematically assigned possible velocity field, it has been proposed to use approximate curves in the form of z1(r) and z2(r). Taking into account the slightest deviation in the length of the arc of the approximate curve z1(r) and the area of the curvilinear trapezoid bounded by it relative to a quarter of the circle (not exceeding 0.8 % for any ratio), it has been recommended using this particular replacement. We have performed calculations of the value of the reduced deformation pressure inside the kinematic module with rounding taking into consideration the power of cutting forces at the border with adjacent kinematic modules. As an example, the devised module with rounding embedded in the estimation scheme of radial extrusion was analyzed. A significant impact of friction conditions on the force mode and the corresponding optimal value of the rounding radius have been identified. The resulting kinematic module makes it possible to expand the capabilities of the energy method for modeling cold extrusion processes involving the tools of complex form according to new deformation schemes. That could contribute to preparing recommendations on the optimal tool configuration and more active industrial implementation of these processes


Abstract This paper proposes an improved Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach including a fuzzy compensator in order to track desired trajectories of autonomous Underwater Vehicle Manipulator Systems (UVMS). The tracking performance can be affected by robot dynamical model uncertainties and applied external disturbances. Nevertheless, the MPC as a known proficient nonlinear control approach should be improved by the uncertainty estimator and disturbance compensator particularly in high nonlinear circumstances such as underwater environment in which operation of the UVMS is extremely impressed by added nonlinear terms to its model. In this research, a new methodology is proposed to promote robustness virtue of MPC that is done by designing a fuzzy compensator based on the uncertainty and disturbance estimation in order to reduce or even omit undesired effects of these perturbations. The proposed control design is compared with conventional MPC control approach to confirm the superiority of the proposed approach in terms of robustness against uncertainties, guaranteed stability and precision.


Paperless office can support the effectiveness , efficiency and productivity of the organization . Based on the analysis stage of research integrity is known that there is a problem faced by JTI UMY in managing records and documents . These problems include archive and document storage facilities are not proportional to the number of records and documents that a lot and always increasing , there is no specific system in place to manage records and documents , arrangement and storage of archives and documents have not been properly maintained , the officer has no special expertise in field management of archives and documents . Based on the problems facing the program made JTI UMY archiving applications . Filing an application program named SIMARSIP .
Research using SDLC methodology ( Software Development Life Cycle ) in which the process of making a prototype system is done by creating a prototype - prototype to satisfy user needs and to understand better the needs of the user . Steps being taken include requirements gathering , design and evaluation of prototypes .
Testing results of the application is built system functionally can produce output as expected , and the results of testing the look of the application file management system that has been built to meet the needs .


An object of the present invention is to provide a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, including an oil-soluble compound, the lubricant composition for the limited slip differential, as well as how to use this in the differential. Compounds of the formula R'NH An object of the present invention, high coefficient of friction, and chattering (i.e., in particular, between the low-speed cornering operation, the low-frequency "beat" and "creaking" and typically referred to abnormal sound) noise often appear as , it is possible to impart a low tendency to vibration and harshness (NVH), it is to provide a lubricating composition and method as disclosed herein.


The aim of this thesis is to introduce the role of fats in human nutrition. Individual chapters focus on the characteristics, composition, occurrence and source of fat. It dismantled digestion and fat metabolism. Attention is also paid to the importance of fat in the diet, and a negative function of fat in the diet.


In order to improve flexibility of application composition in networked manufacturing systems, a composition mechanism based on Web Services was presented by combining business rules and Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP). In this mechanism, a business process was divided into a control business process and a core business process with independent development. Categories and locations of business rules in application composition were analyzed with coordination theory. At the same time, the application of AOP in control business process was discussed. Finally, application of the composition mechanism in some enteprise of Chongqing demonstrated its effectiveness.


In this paper the implementation of one-delay carrier tracking loops in GNSS receivers that utilized hardware corre-lators is proposed. The previously adopted two-delay solutions were justified in the necessity of providing a phase reference to the correlator before the beginning of the correlation interval. However, this constraint can be relaxed by utilizing other phase reference and compensating the resulting correlation value accordingly after its computation. The proposed one-delay loop implementation is particularly useful for high dynamics conditions and therefore the UFA-PLL structure associated with an optimal digital loop filter was adopted for the analysis presented in this work. The optimum digital loop filter structures, previously derived for the case of two-delay carrier tracking loops, are updated under the one-delay condition. The ob-Emails


Words like value, quality, and even cost flowed freely at the ASCO Annual Meeting this year. Along with great excitement about the latest and greatest ways to understand tumor biology and treat cancer patients, there is an increasing recognition that we need to consider whether the things we do are worth it.


1. Yet Another Measure of Ignorance 2. Innovation and Creativity: A Slogan, Nothing but a Slogan 3. From Knowledge to Innovation: The Role of Knowledge Spillover Entrepreneurship 4. Innovation Strategies Combining Internal and External Knowledge 5. Networks of Knowledge: An appraisal of research themes, findings and implications 6. Academic Networks and the Diffusion of Knowledge 7. Transversal or Linear? Knowledge externalities and the complexity of knowledge interactions 8. Knowledge Cumulability and Path Dependence in Innovation Persistence 9. Social Responsibility and the Knowledge Production Function of Higher Education: A Review of the Literature 10. An Alternative to the Economic Value of Knowledge 11. The International Dissemination of Technological Knowledge 12. The Economic Nature of Knowledge Embodied in Standards for Technology-Based Industries 13. Towards Non Exclusive Intellectual Property Rights 14. The Dynamics of Knowledge Governance


The present invention provides a keratoprosthesis assembly comprising a central optical core; and a peripheral skirt comprising at least one porous biocompatible layer and methods of using it in keratoprosthesis procedures.


Dibaryons are thought to be six-quark objects, potentially constituting a new state of matter. A short review is given about the long-standing search for such objects, from the early days until present, when the first nontrivial dibaryon resonance has been established. Starting from the fifties, the dibaryon search experienced many ups and downs, the dibaryon rush era followed by periods of big frustration and renewed start-ups. The recent first firm observation of a narrow dibaryon resonance gives new impact to this field. Having found one such species raises immediately the question, are there possibly more? Also whether the new state represents a moleculelike object or rather a compact hexaquark system, will be discussed.


To satisfy demand of delivery and pick-up,a mix-integer programming model for Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Delivery and Pick-up(VRPSDP) was presented.An adaptive hybrid genetic algorithm was developed to solve VRPSDP,which used a special optimal splitting procedure to get the fitness values,and took a local search as the mutation operator.A novel crossover and a population replacement scheme were designed.Measurement of population diversity and the adjustment rules of mutation probability were also defined.Numerical computations indicated that it was an effective algorithm for solving VRPSDP and VRP.


This work presents the results of an epidemiologic study done in the Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) about behaviours and attitudes related to alcohol consumption in a sample of 574 youngsters aged 18-24 years. One of the principal results points out that 60% of young people usually consume alcohol in large quantities during the weekend (20% drinks two litres). Among the reasons to consume alcohol stand out diversion (83%), to facilitate social interactions (77%) and to evade problems (57%). Alcohol consumption is habitual in the circle of friends for 89%. Important gender differences appear in the pattern of alcohol consumption (boys drink more than girls because it helps social interaction), girls being more moderate and showing more adaptive attitudes. Opposition to paternal prohibitions, social aspects (such as easing interactions and group pressure) and the absence of risk perception explain almost 50% of the relative variance if this weekend drinking pattern.


The early maturation and frequent spawning attributes of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, resulting in its production at unmarketable size, has prompted several workers to find ways of controlling reproduction in order to produce good-sized fish. The technique of using hormones to sexually inverse tilapia to an all male stock has become practice in farm production. The use of hormones however prompts apprehension among fish consumers due to possibly negative effects on human health and is even prohibited in some countries. Saponin, a glycoside linked to hydrophobic aglycone (sapogenin) that may be a steroid in nature, can be an alternative to androgenic hormones used for tilapia sex inversion and sterility. Recent studies on the effect of saponin on the reproductive activity of tilapia showed possible infertility in females when fed with a diet containing 300 mg/kg saponin; sex inversion to all male population at 700 mg/kg saponin inclusion; and a higher number of males noted in those fish fed with 150-500 mg/kg saponin diet when reared under laboratory conditions. These positive results of saponin in aquaria experiments however required testing under pond production conditions to ascertain its benefit to commercial aquaculture. The aim of the study was thus to monitor the fertility and virility of female and male tilapia fed diets with different levels of Quillaja saponin supplementation (I=0, II=300 and III=700 mg/kg), reared in brackishwater ponds under field conditions. A commercially available tilapia feed, containing about 25-30% protein and 5-7 % fat, supplemented with 0, 300 and 700 mg/kg Quillaja saponin was fed to saline tolerant 22-25 day old tilapia reared in brackishwater ponds (pond size 500 m, 1 fish per m) with three replicates in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) over a period of 120 days. Growth parameters (length, weight, specific growth rate) as well as reproductive parameters of tilapia (number of mature breeders, sex


Compatibility of data transfers between individual CAD programs is topical when in another program we need to use a drawing or a 3D model created in a program that uses a different modeling kernel. The paper characterizes features and structures of existing CAD formats, problems in their transfer, it notes the export/import conversion through the IGES, SAT, STEP and STL formats. It takes a closer look at using the STL format for visualization and animation.


The relationship between the big five personality traits, Extraversion, Agreeableness Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience and deep and surface approaches to learning forms the basis of this article. The findings of a research study in this milieu will be presented to prove that earlier studies in this field have been upheld, but that an important deviation has occurred on certain levels of personality. A students way of learning implies the type of learning that is taking place. Ultimately we as lecturers want to encourage deep learning as this stimulates retention of information, important in production of students that are ready for employment.


Concrete is conceptualized as a three-phase composite consisting of mortar,aggregate and their interface.The Monte-Carlo method is used to generate the random aggregate model,the Mazars isotropic damage evolution model is employed to describe the meso-mechanics deterioration of elastic damage of the concrete,and the finite element method is adopted to numerically simulate the uniaxial tension tests of two,three and four grade specimens with circular and polygonal aggregates,respectively.The results show that the ultimate load capacity of an arbitrary polygonal aggregate specimen is greater than that of a circular one of the same grade,and that the concrete strength from two grade up to four grade decreases in sequence.It is also concluded that,during the softening stage of the stress-strain curve,the softening curves of the circular aggregate specimens are gentler than those of the polygonal ones,and that the brittleness indexes of the polygonal aggregate specimens are larger than those of the circular ones.


Plant growth systems for space were first flown in the 1960s. Plant chambers flown from that time until the present were developed to conduct basic plant research in reduced gravity. The use of plants for providing life-support has been tested on the ground, but has never been used on-orbit. With the New Vision for Space Exploration, emphasis has now been placed on implementing the first small steps of a bioregenerative life-support system in the guise of "vegetable production units." As the duration and size of space missions increase, these early precursors will evolve to larger units that will eventually become the primary source of life support in remote space bases.


In-Memory Computation (IMC), which is capable of reducing the power consumption and bandwidth requirement resulting from the data transfer between the processing and memory units, has been considered as a promising technology to break the von-Neumann bottleneck. In order to develop an effective and efficient IMC platform, the performance, such as density, operation speed and power consumption, of the memory itself is one of the most important keys. In this work, we report a cross-point magnetic random access memory (MRAM) with diode selector for IMC implementation. The memory cell consists of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) device and a diode connected in series. The memory cells are arranged in a cross-point array structure, providing high storage density. The MTJ can be switched through the unipolar precessional voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) effect, thus enabling high speed and low power. Further, Boolean logic functions can be realized via regular memory-like write & read operations. The feasibility and performance of the proposed IMC in the cross-point MRAM are successfully demonstrated with hybrid VCMA-MTJ/CMOS circuit simulations under the 40 nm technology node.*


Grassroots opinion leaders are important part of the opinion leaders in micro-blog,because of its grassroots,the processes and mechanisms of their formation are different to celebrities opinion leaders. Analysing through the reasons of grassroots opinion leaders exist in micro-blog,as well as their type and characteristics,and the internal and external conditions needed for grassroots opinion leaders,digging out the prerequisites for the growth of grassroots opinion leaders,to provide a reference for the training and utilization of grassroots opinion leaders.


Supplementary Figure 1 Precision and signal intensity of live cell imaging, and cxcr4 control experiments Supplementary Figure 2 Tracking the diffusion of individual PBs in live HeLa cells Supplementary Figure 3 Live cell images after incubation for varying amounts of time after microinjection Supplementary Figure 4 Relative deviation (RD) analysis of diffusion coefficients over time Supplementary Figure 5 Stepwise photobleaching in fixed cells Supplementary Figure 6 Representative images and resulting stepwise photobleaching distributions from fixed cells incubated for various amounts of time after microinjection Supplementary Figure 7 miRNAs assembly is mRNA dependent Supplementary Video legend 1 Videos of both Cy3 and Cy5 labeled miRNAs diffusing in living HeLa cells Supplementary Video legend 2 Different types of motion exhibited by miRNAs in living HeLa cells Supplementary Video legend 3 Live cell imaging control experiments Supplementary Video legend 4 Pseudo-colored video showing photobleaching of let-7-a1-Cy5 miRNAs in fixed cells, imaged 2 hrs after injection Supplementary Table 1 Number of cells and particles used in both live and fixed cell analysis Supplementary Figure S1 │ Precision and signal intensity of live cell imaging, and cxcr4 control experiments. (A) Precision of single particle localization. Histogram depicting the displacement of formaldehyde-fixed let-7-a1-Cy5 particles about their origin (n = 100 randomly selected particles). The location of each particle was tracked over time until it photobleached. The histogram was fit with a Gaussian function, which resulted in a mean of ~30 nm and a standard deviation of ~50 nm. Large jumps (>100 nm) were observed only when there were large fluctuations of intensity. Localization precision of immobilized beads (inset) was ~4 nm, largely owing to their higher signal-to-noise ratio (n = 100 randomly selected particles). (B) Signal intensities of particles undergoing diffusion in living cells. Intensity time trajectories of let-7-a1-Cy3 (green) and let-7-a1-Cy5 (red) particles are shown. Trajectories of both mobile and static particles are shown, as indicated in each trajectory. A significant proportion of particles had a relatively constant intensity during diffusion before disappearing. We infrequently observed large fluctuations in intensity as a particle was diffusing, possibly due to diffusion in the axial dimension (z-axis). We also occasionally observed stepwise changes in intensity of static particles, possibly due to photobleaching (see, for example, second trajectory from the top on the left side). (C-E) Intracellular diffusion of cxcr4 miRNA, with (C) DIC image and (D) the corresponding pseudocolored image of a cell microinjected with cxcr4-Cy3 and imaged …


Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The aim of this study was to build a prognostic signatures model based on the immune score of the ESTIMATE algorithm to predict survival of breast cancer patients.


The aim of this paper is to implement a sensorless indirect rotor-flux-oriented control (IRFOC) of induction motor (IM) drives. Indeed, the proposed method for speed estimation is based on Luenberger state observer (LSO). The adaptive rotor speed is actually derived from Lyapunov stability theory by using measured and estimated stator currents and estimated rotor flux. The proposed control scheme, as a result, achieves a good performance with computational complexity reduction obtained by using the analytical relation to determine the LSO gain matrix. Again, the observer is simple and robust, when compared with the previously developed observers, and suitable for online implementation. The design, analysis, and implementation for a 3-kW induction motor are completely carried out using a dSpace DS 1104 digital signal processor (DSP) based real-time data acquisition control (DAC) system, and MATLAB/Simulink environment. Digital simulation and experimental results are presented to show the improvement in performance of the proposed algorithm.


This study aims to determine the effect of organizational culture and job discipline on employee performance with job productivity as an intervening variable at PT. Intercallin (Battery ABC). The method used in this research is SEM (structural equation modeling) method with AMOS 7.0 application program is a multivariate analysis that analyzes the relationship between variables with more complex, which consists of two models, structural models and measurement models. The sample in this study were 200 employees of PT. Intercallin in the factory area and office area. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on job productivity. Job discipline has a positive and significant effect on job productivity. Organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job productivity has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Organizational culture through work productivity has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. And job discipline through job productivity has a positive and significant effect on employee performance while R2 value of 0.712, which means the contribution or role of organizational culture, job discipline and work productivity on employee performance of 71.2%, and the remaining 28.8% is influenced by variables other than the variables described in the model. The implication of this research is that Organizational Culture, Job Discipline and Job Productivity affect PT.Intercallin's Employee Performance, therefore the company is expected to always pay attention and maintain and improve the organizational culture, Discipline and Productivity in order to maintain and improve its performance, so that researchers can continue to research this by adding and modifying research variables by adding questions or statements, so the results can be better.


The idea of computerising the University of Natal Library in Durban, South Africa was first rooted in 1971 but it was not until 1984 that the idea became reality. Reasons for computerising were: • streamlining of the library routines such as acquisitions, cataloging, periodicals, circulation and information retrieval • improvement in services to users • release of library staff from labour intensive manual routines to provide more personal reader services • enhancement of library co-operation Since 1954 the Library has moved from a cumbersome mainframe system (which was quite troublesome) to an integrated library system running on a Sunsparc 20 which handles most routine library operations and a LAN which has facilitated electronic ordering of library materials, online interlibrary loans, access to the national union catalogue and a score of other databases worldwide. All has not, however, been plain sailing. Hardware problems such as unavailability of parts (due to sanctions), lack of expertise and networking difficulties have had to be overcome. Coupled with this has been the ongoing necessity to train library staff who have never used a computer before and users who have never even seen a typewriter, let alone a computer.


The article introduced the research progress and polishing principle of the chemical mechanical polishing solution,and analyzed the importance of the polishing solution in the chemical mechanical polishing process.Two preparation process of the chemical mechanical polishing solution was elaborated.The influence factors on ceria-based and silicon-based polishing solution were analyzed.At last,the paper presented the importance and feasibility of polishing solution recycling.


White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one of the fungus that used for groceries because nutrition content and better than the other mushrooms. Efforts to increasing production of the fungus are still under studied, for example by the use of a mixture planting media and application of liquid organic fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mixed plant media types, the application of liquid fertilizer and the interaction of both for the growth of white oyster mushroom. This research activity was conducted at Agrojamur Mushroom House of Baturaden Sub-district, Banyumas Regency. The experimental design conducted by using a complete randomized block design (RBD) consist of two factors and three replications. The first factor was the type of a mixture planting media and the dose of liquid organic fertilizer. The variables observed in this study are when the fruit body appears, the number of whole mushroom fruit body, water content of the fungus, fresh weight and dried mushrooms during harvest. The results showed that the treatment of planting media composition using sawdust without piece of cardboard were able to increase the fresh weight of mushroom, dry weight of mushroom, and number of mushroom fruit body. Treatment using mixed planting media (25% sawdust + 75% cardboard) was able to increase the timing of fungal fruit body appearance compared with other treatments. Application of liquid organic fertilizer and the interaction between the two treatments did not have a significant effect for the growth of white oyster mushroom.


As shown by the results of a comparative study on the methods of capillary column-gas chromatography with ECD and ceric sulfate-catalytic spectrophotometry for the determination of iodide in water,the former method was preferred for its merits of simplicity in operation,a broader range of determination(0.19- 100μg·L~(-1)),better accuracy and precision(values of RSD's(n=6) of 0.89%-3.11%,and recovery in the range of 95%to 104%,both for 3 different concentration levels) and lower value of detection limit(3S/N) (0.19μg·L~(-1)).In addition,no interference was observed by the presence of Cl~- ion and heavy metal ions,and by variation of temperature and time of reaction in the GC method.


In this paper, the development of a guidance system for electric vehicles in a non-structured roads environment is presented. The roads lack of any kind of horizontal signs. The vehicle was circulate in the "Instituto Tecnologico de Energias Renovables" (ITER) environment, within the framework of the project entitled "25 Bioclimatic Houses". The vehicle path was take place in the outside with non-controlled illumination conditions and a route plenty of upward and downward slopes and curves. A guidance system based on a binocular head of two degrees of freedom is proposed. The cameras orientation in such way that the road appears centered in the captured images, allows for making the prototype guidance.


On 11th November 1932, Mr. I. Shoenberg, the Director of Research at Electric and Musical Industries Ltd. (EMI), invited the BBC's Chief Engineer, Mr. N. Ashbridge, to a private demonstration of both the transmission and reception of television.