A merely superficial reading of kontakion 49 (Oxf.) of Romanos on the prodigal son reveals that, far from rendering a slavish paraphrase of this parable, he has transformed it into a eucharistic metaphor. In his interpretation or exegetical presentation of this parable, Romanos has made use of a homily attributed to Pseudo-Chrysostom. In both texts the first part of the parable is either merely referred to (Romanos) or only briefly touched upon (Pseudo-Chrysostom), the main focus being on the joy experienced by the father at the return of his lost son, as well as on the description of the banquet. The final scene of the parable, involving the elder son, is in both texts also concluded in more definite and positive terms as to the elder brother's final attitude towards the conduct of his father with regard to the prodigal son. This differs conspicuously from the biblical text itself, in which we have an open-end conclusion. The aim of this paper is to analyse this transformation of the parable into a eucharistic metaphor. It will focus on both the different elements constituting this metaphor and the way in which this transformation has been effected.


Cost overruns can easily manifest during well construction due to unexpected issues including lost returns, differential sticking, and narrow pore pressure/fracture gradients. To better plan for potential overruns, operators sometimes earmark 10 to 25% of the Authorization for Expenditures (AFE) to cover the unexpected, which can significantly impact drilling budgets. Technical and operational risks versus the potential return on investment (ROI) are critical factors in determining whether a project proceeds. Too often the best drilling practices used to address trouble zones are limited to a few conventional methods with a narrow range of effectiveness. Also, a lack of rock mechanics knowledge can prevent the most efficient solution being applied. Some operators are implementing planning programs that assess and integrate the latest processes and technologies to address drilling risks up-front. Cutting-edge technologies such as managed pressure drilling methods, drilling with casing / drilling with liners, and solid expandable casing have been highly effective. Implementing proactive evaluation processes and applying the latest tools and techniques can efficiently address operational risks and trouble zones to ultimately reduce NPT and associated costs. Employing common practices and technologies that are typically ineffective and that drive up NPT cost should be considered unacceptable. Common sense well construction evaluation processes used in conjunction with validated conventional and new technologies have proven their worth by reducing expenditures and risks, preventing the loss of wells, and increasing the operator's ROI. This paper will review real drilling challenges that have been encountered and the common practices that were employed to address these drilling hazards. This paper will compare and contrast how these same circumstances have and can be addressed much more efficiently with engineering evaluation processes that help determine the best drilling tool and/or technique to mitigate risks and reduce NPT.


CONTEXT
In the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in addition to intrinsic thecal dysregulation leading to hyperandrogenism, a granulosa cell (GC) dysregulation may occur. Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), FSH receptor (FSHR) and androgen receptor (AR) are suspected to be altered in PCOS GCs.

DESIGN
The aim of this prospective study was to analyze the expression of these genes at the last stages of follicular maturation in GCs from 17 patients with PCOS and 15 controls undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during a cycle with in vitro fertilization.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
On the day of oocyte retrieval, follicular fluids were collected from small follicles (SF; 8-13 mm) and large follicles (17-22 mm) in separate tubes. Total RNAs and proteins were extracted from GCs. Reverse transcription was performed and quantification of gene expression levels was achieved by real-time quantitative PCR.

RESULTS
AMH and FSHR mRNA levels were significantly higher in PCOS than in controls in GCs from both SF and large follicles. Likewise, AR and AMH receptor II mRNA levels in GCs from SF were significantly higher in PCOS compared with controls. In both PCOS patients and controls, AMH and AR mRNA levels correlated strongly, positively, and independently to FSHR mRNA levels.

CONCLUSION
Using quantitative RT-PCR, AMH, AMH receptor II, FSHR, and AR genes were shown to be overexpressed by GCs from stimulated follicles of women with PCOS undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. This could be the sign of a maturation defect or may reflect hyperandrogenism.


Tetrahymena pyriformis, a ciliated protozoan, can be induced to divide synchronously by cycling the culture temperature between the optimum growth temperature and one several degrees higher.' The development of synchronous division appears to stem from an arrest in cortical morphogenesis.2 Anatomically this arrest corresponds to an early stage of formation of the second oral apparatus, the same stage of arrested formation occurring in the several strains that have been studied.2-4 Despite intensive study of this problem by several laboratories, the reason for this arrest is not well understood.' Synchronous division may still occur in the absence of net RNA synthesis, but some RNA synthesis7 is definitely required for these divisions. Recent experiments in this laboratory have indicated that both protein and RNA metabolism were interfered with during single-shift experiments in which the pertinent synchronizing temperatures were used.8 We have further studied this phenomenon and wish to report here its apparent cause. The experiments to be cited indicate strongly that the basic effect of each period of elevated temperature is to cause an increased rate of RNA degradation and a decrease in protein synthesis. A brief note on one aspect of this subject has been published previously.9 Methods.-Tetrahymena pyriformis GL was grown axenically in a medium consisting of 0.25 per cent proteose-peptone (Difco), 0.1 per cent dextrose, 0.1 per cent sodium acetate, and 0.1 per cent dibasic potassium phosphate. Each culture was grown at 290C to mid-log phase (about 50,000 cells/ml) in a total volume of 500 ml of medium. Small volumes of 3-5 ml were then removed for labeling purposes. These were transferred to sterile 50-ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing a suitable C'4labeled precursor. For RNA studies each flask contained 10-20 1AC C14-uracil. Where protein synthesis was of interest, the flask contained 10-20 JAc of C14 amino acid mixture plus an equal volume of 5 X 10-3 M neutral phosphate buffer. Incubation temperature was 290C except where noted below. Determination of uptake kinetics was accomplished as follows. At time zero and at regular intervals thereafter, 75-,Ml aliquots were removed (in duplicate) and placed directly on filter-paper discs of Whatman 3MM paper. The discs were then immediately immersed in ice-cold trichloracetic acid (TCA) at a concentration of either 5 or 10 per cent (RNA and protein, respectively). At least 10 ml of TCA was used per disc. At the end of each experiment the discs were stored overnight and then washed en masse by swirling them with 5 per cent TCA (10 ml/disc) for 15 minutes. This procedure was repeated three times. The washed discs were then dehydrated by washing them twice with ether:ethanol (1:1) and twice with anhydrous ether. They were then dried in the air and placed in scintillation vials. Counting was done in a Nuclear-Chicago model 725 liquid scintillation counter in a scintillation fluid consisting of 0.6 per cent 2,5-diphenyloxazole and 0.01 per cent


The present invention relates to manganese (II) chelate. The present invention, manganese bound to other molecules (II) chelates and their use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). .BACKGROUND


Shift-symmetric Horndeski theories admit an interesting class of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole solutions exhibiting time-dependent scalar hair. The properties of these solutions may be studied via a bottom-up effective field theory (EFT) based on the background symmetries. This is in part possible by making use of a convenient coordinate choice — Lemaître-type coordinates — in which the profile of the Horndeski scalar field is linear in the relevant time coordinate. We construct this EFT, and use it to understand the stability of hairy black holes in shift-symmetric Horndeski theories, providing a set of constraints that the otherwise-free functions appearing in the Horndeski Lagrangian must satisfy in order to admit stable black hole solutions. The EFT is analyzed in the decoupling limit to understand potential sources of instability. We also perform a complete analysis of the EFT with odd-parity linear perturbations around general spherically symmetric space-time.


ZnO has attracted much attention due to its wide bandgap (3.2 eV) and high exciton binding energy of 60 meV. These properties make ZnO a highly desirable material for high frequency devices that can work in harsh environment. We have grown ZnO thin films at different temperatures ranging from 100 ◦C to 500 ◦C. We have observed that surface roughness is first decreased with the increase in the growth temperature but then by further increasing the growth temperature beyond 300 ◦C, results in increased surface roughness of the grown samples, whereas grain size of the samples increases with the increase in the growth temperature. Crystalline quality of the films is also improved with the increase in the growth temperature but then degrades by further increase beyond 200 ◦C. We achieved the highest Hall mobility for the ZnO sample grown at 200 ◦C. The optimum growth condition of ZnO thin films on sapphire (0001) in our RF/DC magnetron-sputtering unit were achieved for the films grown at 200 ◦C. Subsequently, we performed pre-growth treatment to the sapphire substrate then grew ZnO films at 200 ◦C. Pre-growth treatment involved heating the substrate at 500 ◦C for about half an hour and then etching the sapphire surface with nitrogen plasma. We have observed that pre-growth heating and nitridation of the sapphire substrate results in bigger grain size whereas no improvement was observed in the crystallinity of the film.


A methodology is introduced for testing the integrity of relay contacts as isolation devices in Class IE circuits. A design activity that installed a new relay established the need for a new type of qualification test. This paper describes the process of establishing the test methodology, the development of the test plan, and the results of testing. It also describes the limitations of applying the results of any specific test to actual field installations, and offers other potential uses of the methodology. >


In this work, we investigated both experimentally and numerically the impact of macroscopic oxide thickness uniformity on Weibull breakdown characteristics for both Weibull parameters, namely, the characteristics times (T/sub 63/) and Weibull slopes (/spl beta/) over a wide range of oxide thickness. A detailed full-scale Monte Carlo analysis is used to examine the breakdown characteristics at low-percentile and its sensitivity to variation of thickness dependence of time-to-breakdown and Weibull slopes. We show that for thinner oxides with very shallow Weibull slopes the impact of thickness variation is drastically reduced as compared to thicker oxides for the same parameters.


1. Present a risk adjustment strategy for addressing variation of cost of care

2. Describe variation in risk adjusted cost of hospital care at US academic medical centers

3. Illustrate implications of risk adjusted cost variation relative to outcomes of inpatient care: cost, length of stay, complications, in-hospital death, readmission.

This is a retrospective cohort study incorporating risk adjustment models to predict cost of inpatient care. The study cohort included …


Abstract We experimentally investigate the drag modification by neutrally buoyant finite-size particles with various aspect ratios in a Taylor–Couette (TC) turbulent flow. The current Reynolds number, $Re$, ranges from $6.5\times 10^3$ to $2.6\times 10^4$, and the particle volume fraction, $\varPhi$, is up to $10\,\%$. Particles with three kinds of aspect ratio, $\lambda$, are used: $\lambda =1/3$ (oblate), $\lambda =1$ (spherical) and $\lambda =3$ (prolate). Unlike the case of bubbly TC flow (van Gils et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 722, 2013, pp. 317–347; Verschoof et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 117, issue 10, 2016, p. 104502), we find that the suspended finite-size particles increase the drag of the TC system regardless of their aspect ratios. The overall drag of the system increases with increasing $Re$, which is consistent with the literature. In addition, the normalized friction coefficient, $c_{f,\varPhi }/c_{f,\varPhi =0}$, decreases with increasing $Re$, the reason could be that in the current low volume fractions the turbulent stress becomes dominant at higher $Re$. The particle distributions along the radial direction of the system are obtained by performing optical measurements at $\varPhi =0.5\,\%$ and $\varPhi = 2\,\%$. As $Re$ increases, the particles distribute more evenly in the entire system, which results from both the greater turbulence intensity and the more pronounced finite-size effects of the particles at higher $Re$. Moreover, it is found that the variation of the particle aspect ratios leads to different particle collective effects. The suspended spherical particles, which tend to cluster near the walls and form a particle layer, significantly affect the boundary layer and result in maximum drag modification. The minimal drag modification is found in the oblate case, where the particles preferentially cluster in the bulk region, and, thus, the particle layer is absent. Based on the optical measurement results, it can be concluded that, in the low volume fraction ranges ($\varPhi =0.5\,\%$ and $\varPhi = 2\,\%$ here), the larger drag modification is connected to the near-wall particle clustering. The present findings suggest that the particle shape plays a significant role in drag modification, and the collective behaviours of rigid particles provide clues to understand the bubbly drag reduction.


Reacting urea formaldehyde condensation products with triethanolamine, sodium hydrosulfite and monochloroacetic acid respectively, urea resins for wet strength paper are produced. The ratio of the modifiers to urea is 0.1 : 1 or 0.2 : 1. For triethanolamine or sodium hydrosulfite, the reactions are carried out at 90°C and for monochloroacetic acid, at 100°C. The reaction times are determined according to " Alum test ". For the better preservation of these resin solutions, the solid content must preferably be higher than 10%. Although the urea resin is cured more slowly than melamine resin, the difference of the wet strengths of the papers treated with these resin is hardly found after 10 days.


Surface water may constitute public health issues if the water is contaminated. Consequent upon this assertion, the physicochemical parameters and tr ace metal concentration of Jabi Lake surface water were analysed and compared with WHO standards. Sixteen water samples were taken for analysis from Jabi Lake within Abuja in Nigeria. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) were adopted in the analysis of the physicochemical parameters while heavy metals ions determination was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results obtained revealed marked differences in the levels of some physicochemical properties and trace metal ion concentration in the surface water samples when compared with WHO standards. Though most physicochemical parameters were within acceptable and safe limits, but with nitrate having higher concentrations. The concentrations of manganese, iron, cobalt, lead and chromium were well above the WHO maximum permissible limits for surface water. The pollution index of manganese, iron, cobalt, lead and chromium were above unity (1.0), indicating very high level of pollution. The results of the physicochemical and trace metal analysis when compared with WHO suggest that the water samples from Jabi Lake was not suitable for drinking while the concentrations of the metal ions were found decreasing in this order; Pb ˃Fe˃Cr˃Mn˃Co˃Zn.


BACKGROUND
Fractional flow reserve (FFR) value between 0.75 and 0.80 is considered the "gray zone" and outcomes data relative to treatment strategy (revascularization vs medical therapy alone [deferral]) are limited for this group.

METHODS AND RESULTS
A total of 238 patients (64.3 ± 8.6 years; 97% male; 45% diabetic) with gray-zone FFR were followed for the primary endpoint of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), defined as a composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target-vessel revascularization. Mean follow-up duration was 30 ± 17 months. Deferred patients (n = 48 [20%]) had a higher prevalence of smoking and chronic kidney disease compared with the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) group (n = 190 [80%]; P<.05). Patients who underwent PCI had significantly lower MACE compared with the deferred patients (16% vs 40%; log rank P<.01). While there was a trend toward a decrease in all-cause mortality (8% vs 19%; log rank P=.06), the composite of death or MI was significantly lower in the PCI group (9% vs 27%; P<.01). On multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, PCI was associated with lower MACE (hazard ratio, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.95; P=.03).

CONCLUSION
Revascularization for patients with gray-zone FFR was associated with a significantly reduced risk of MACE compared with medical therapy alone.


Hyperoxygenated solution(HOS),manufactured by Chinese scientists,is a new kind of auxiliary method(offering oxygen through liquid) to supply oxygen and infuse fluid rapidly and timely,and can be used in the treatment of critical illness first aid.Tremendous experiments have proved that it worked in the administration of ischemia-reperfusion injury,myocardial ischemia,shock,cerebral ischemia,nerve injury,respiratory diseases,and neonatal hypoxia etc.Hyperoxygenated solution is expected to assist the chemotherapy of solid tumor,treatment the infection of helicobacter pylori and so on.


A critical limitation of bioorthogonal click chemistry for in vivo applications has been its low reaction efficiency due to the pharmacokinetic barriers, such as blood distribution, circulation, and elimination in living organisms. To identify key factors that dominate the efficiency of click chemistry, here a rational design of near‐infrared fluorophores containing tetrazine as a click moiety is proposed. Using trans‐cyclooctene‐modified cells in live mice, it is found that the in vivo click chemistry can be improved by subtle changes in lipophilicity and surface charges of intravenously administered moieties. By controlling pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and clearance of click moieties, it is proved that the chemical structure dominates the fate of in vivo click ligation.


Chemical flooding is one of the most efficient methods for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). This study demonstrates the efficiency of mixing different concentrations of Ionic Liquid (IL), 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Acetate ([EMIM][Ac]), with Weyburn brine to improve a medium oil recovery, Weyburn oil, from an unconsolidated sand pack sample at room conditions. Effects of Slug Size (SS), IL + brine slug initiation time, and combining IL with alkali on the Recovery Factor (RF) were investigated. This study showed that the optimum concentration of ([EMIM][AC]) was 1000 ppm and the most efficient injection time of the chemical slug was at the beginning of the flooding procedure (as secondary flooding mode). In addition, it was proved that the potential of injecting a slug of IL + brine is much better than that of introducing a slug of alkali + brine. Besides, the combination of IL and alkali (AIL) resulted in better RF than injecting either of them alone. Finally, the Surface Tension (SFT), pH, wettability alteration, and viscosity of the displacing phases were measured.


: Efforts to exploit the potential of the village for tourism purposes are increasing. One of the potentials that can be developed in rural areas in Banyuwangi Regency is the application of the Smart Kampung System. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service quality and product innovation on community satisfaction and trust in the Village Government with the Smart Kampung system in Banyuwangi. The population of this study is the entire population in 189 villages in Banyuwangi Regency with a total of 1,549,412 inhabitants. The sample was determined based on Roscoe's opinion, with a total sample of 378 respondents. The analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using WarpPLS 5.0. The results of data analysis indicate that the service quality variable, Smart Kampung innovation has a significant effect on community satisfaction, and has a significant effect on community satisfaction. The service quality and innovation of Smart Kampung have a significant effect on public trust. Community satisfaction has a significant effect on public trust in Banyuwangi Regency. innovation variable has a positive and significant effect on patient confidence in the Genteng Regional General Hospital, Banyuwangi Regency. The variable of patient satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on patient confidence in the Genteng Regional General Hospital, Banyuwangi Regency. Furthermore, research conducted by Kasinem (2020), the results of statistical tests can be concluded that Trust and Service Quality have a positive and negative influence on consumer satisfaction. The results of the independent variable ANOVA test which include Trust (X1) and Service Quality (X2) simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. From the results of the partial test, it is known that the regression coefficient value of the Service Quality variable (X2) has a negative effect on Customer Satisfaction (Y). Trust and Service Quality have a significant effect together on Customer Satisfaction.


Abstract Recognition of the presence of prehistoric horticulture in the northeastern Plains is a relatively recent event. Several factors have contributed to the lack of awareness and to the lack of acceptance of native horticulture in this Plains subarea including assumptions about climate and cultural adaptations, and the lack of appropriate recovery and experimental techniques. Archaeological field investigations in the northeastern Plains conducted since 1973 reveal that forager-farmers inhabited this region of the Great Plains by A.D. 1200 raising maize and collecting wild plant foods as a supplement to hunting. Recognition of prehistoric horticulture in this Plains subarea requires a shift in perceptions of the cultural adaptations of this region :S prehistoric inhabitants


This article gives you a brief overview on the role of fairy tales in shaping the spirituality of primary school students.The transition from fairy tales to advanced pedagogical technologies is illustrated by examples


The structure, operation and performance of the silicon-based liquid crystal light valves: the photoactivated, CCD-addressed and visible-to-IR converter are described. The performance limitations of the readout structure, in particular, those affecting resolution, sensitivity, contrast ratio and speed, are discussed.


The slow voltammetry was taken on the paste electrode consisting of polyaniline powder and polytetrafluoroethylene binder which was applied to pyrographite disc electrode. The potential cycle range was+0.6V→-0.2V→+0.8V→+0.6V vs. SCE. It was found that the voltammetry curves are similar for polyaniline obtained chemically and electrochemically. The difference of the voltammetry curves in different acids may be attributed to some exchange of doping anions in polyaniline structure. The first redox ...


INTRODUCTION: National Health Insurance (NHI) is a popular long-term strategy in addressing rising of healthcare costs and household pocket expenditure world widely. The aim of this study is to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) for NHI among health sector employees and factors affecting it. METHODS: A crosssectional study was conducted in April to June 2018 among 122 health sector employees in three health institutions in Bangsar District, Malaysia. A selfadministered questionnaire with Cronbach Alpha of 0.78 was used as data collection tool. In estimating WTP value, Contingent Valuation methods technique was used. Factors associated with WTP for NHI were assessed using Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney U test with significance level at 0.05. RESULTS: Response rate was 91.8%. Majority (n=96, 85.7%) of respondents willing to pay for NHI. Mean (SD) and medium (IQR) of estimated WTP value for fixed monthly contributions were RM72.00 (RM77.92) and RM50.00 (RM70.00) respectively. If contributions were fixed from percentage of respondent's total monthly income, the mean (SD) and medium (IQR) of estimated WTP value were 1.94% (1.92%) and 1.00% (1.88%) respectively. Age (c2=12.088, p=0.001), household size (c2=5.737, p=0.017) and respondent's total monthly income (c2=4.978, p=0.026) were found significantly influencing the willingness to pay for NHI. DISCUSSION: Majority of health sector employees are willing to pay for NHI if it is implemented in Malaysia. Age, household size and monthly income are important factors in developing a successful and sustainable NHI.


Seven 2-aryl-4-cyanoimino-1,3-thiazolidine derivatives were synthesized using aromatic aldehyde, ammo-nia and mercapto acetic acid as starting materials via 4 steps: condensation, sulfuration, alkylation and aminolysis. The preliminary bioassay showed that some title compounds exhibited certain fungicidal activities and promoting cucum-ber cotyledon root-formation activities.


The article presents the results of field experimental studies of sowing grain crops and application of mineral fertilisers by means of a combined two-machine fertiliser application and sowing aggregate on the basis of two grain seeders. A regression equation is obtained, and influence of the velocity of movement, the depth of sowing seeds and application fertilisers into the soil upon the uniformity of seed and fertiliser distribution along the row are determined. On the basis of the obtained experimental data rational parameters of sowing are justified at which the necessary quality of the execution of the technological process will be achieved. INTRODUCTION As one of the basic ways how to increase the efficiency of crop production may be regarded elaboration of the ways for raising the efficiency of aggregates and decreasing the costs for the execution of technological operations. An analysis shows that the most perspective way for essential decreasing the costs when growing grain crops is the use of combined sowing aggregates which simultaneously perform several technological operations of sowing (Kabakov, 1984; Behov and Djachenko, 2000; Vilde et al., 2006; Chorna, 2012). There are several variants of combined machines for application of fertilisers and sowing. The present article considers a possibility to use a combined sowing aggregate for the application of mineral fertilisers and sowing on the basis of two grain seeders. The seeders are trailed by tractor of the traction class 14 kN, which is the most widespread among the agricultural producers in many countries of Eastern Europe. The main advantage of this fertilising and sowing aggregate is to introduce the basic dose of mineral fertilisers into deeper layers of the soil, directly into the area of the future root system of the crop. Justification of the scheme, design parameters and operating modes of the sowing aggregate created by using tractors of the traction class 1.4 on the basis of two trailed grain seeders is outlined in works (Masalabov, 2016; Petuhov, 2016). However, considering the difference between the proposed aggregate and those treated in the works mentioned, a necessity arises to conduct experimental studies about the influence of the sowing parameters upon the execution quality of the process and justification of their rational values. The aim of this study is experimental determination of the influence of the working velocity of the combined sowing aggregate, the depth of sowing seeds and application fertilisers into the soil upon the uniformity of seed distribution, as well as determination of rational parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimental equipment (Fig. 1) consists of two seeders connected together by a special hitch which allows ensuring the necessary manoeuvrability of the aggregate during its operation. During the execution of the process the first seeder of the sowing aggregate ensures introduction of the necessary basic dose of mineral fertilisers into the


In this paper, we prove correctness of parallelizing a string matcher using Haskell as a theorem prover. We use refinement types to specify correctness properties, Haskell terms to express proofs and Liquid Haskell to check correctness of proofs. First, we specify and prove that a class of monoid morphisms can be parallelized via parallel monoid concatenation. Then, we encode string matching as a morphism to get a provably correct parallel transformation. Our 1839LoC prototype proof shows that Liquid Haskell can be used as a fully expressive theorem prover on realistic Haskell implementations.


Currently, construction of apartment houses accounts for most portion in construction markets. It is changing from provider-oriented one to customer-oriented one, some large-sized companies are changing into the position to accept customers' needs to the most and many studies and ideas are coming up in order to seek for plans for promoting customer satisfaction and enhancing brand images. But fundamental plans about it are not sufficient. As all residents are the owner of the building in the apartment, so many people are frequently filing more civil complaints about defects than in other construction, and it is sometimes difficult to consider some complaints as a defect. However, as such disputes about defects may cause many social and economic losses at the national level, many studies about defects are conducted for preventing this and may papers about analysis of the type of defects or defect management are written. Therefore, this study deducted factors about major causes of defects by finding out the causes of defects before moving in the apartment and by examining defect cases happened in domestic apartment houses based on their types in order to prevent defects from being caused after moving in the apartment. It selected relative importance by analyzing problems and improving factors of study cases relevant to major causes of defects deducted through research on the actual condition and by conducting a survey about plans for business improvement of defect management in apartment houses through analysis of influencing factors targeting design companies, construction companies, partner companies and inspection companies, and enabled the result to be used to improve work process or guidelines through an order of priority.


A previously well and asymptomatic 6-year-old boy collapsed at school. He was initially asystolic but was resuscitated to sinus rhythm. Then, during transport to the hospital, he developed monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (Figure 1⇓). Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated a huge, homogeneous intramural mass in the left ventricular free wall, possibly also involving the left atrial wall, remarkably without evidence of ventricular systolic dysfunction or left ventricular outflow tract …


In the article the interpretation of Eduard Todt's theory of the formation of moral judgements as descriptive of the six steps that are logically presupposed in the formation of all moral judgements is critically discussed. On the basis of an analysis of the four publications in which Todt developed his theory it is demonstrated in the first part of the article that such an interpretation is incorrect. The normative nature of his theory is acknowledged. In the second part of the article a case is made for an ethics of responsibility reading of his theory. Each of the six steps in the process of the formation of moral judgements that Todt distinguishes, is analysed. It is demonstrated that each of these steps entails a distinctive normative ethical approach that can be depicted as ethics of responsibility.


The population study in the absence of NTG (right side of Fig. 1) was performed essentially in the same manner, except that the proportion of 15s cells at time 0 was 6.5 X 10-6, and that L-histidine (30 Ag/ml) and glucose (0.5 mg/ml) were the only added substances.


Microfluidics integrated microwave sensors can be used for high throughput and label-free sensing with single particle resolution. For microwave sensors with coplanar electrodes, electric field is nonuniform over the height of microfluidic channel, causing position dependent sensitivity. One way to resolve positional dependency is to place electrodes on the sidewalls of microfluidic channel to obtain uniform electric field. Here, we demonstrate a novel, metal coated 3D SU8 microelectrode integrated with microwave resonator to obtain uniform electric field inside microfluidic channel and mitigate position dependent sensitivity. SU8 electrodes are positioned at the sensing region of the resonator, in contact with the microfluidic channel walls. During microparticle sensing experiments, phase and amplitude of the resonator are tracked using custom built single side band detection circuitry to detect particle induced shifts in these signals. Results of particle sensing, and size classification experiments indicate that with 3D SU8 electrode integrated microwave resonators, position-independent sensitivity can be achieved.


The contribution of soil heterotrophic respiration to the boreal–Arctic carbon (CO2) cycle and its potential feedback to climate change remains poorly quantified. We developed a remote-sensing-driven permafrost carbon model at intermediate scale (∼ 1 km) to investigate how environmental factors affect the magnitude and seasonality of soil heterotrophic respiration in Alaska. The permafrost carbon model simulates snow and soil thermal dynamics and accounts for vertical soil carbon transport and decomposition at depths up to 3 m below the surface. Model outputs include soil temperature profiles and carbon fluxes at 1 km resolution spanning the recent satellite era (2001–2017) across Alaska. Comparisons with eddy covariance tower measurements show that the model captures the seasonality of carbon fluxes, with favorable accuracy in simulating net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) for both tundra (R > 0.8, root mean square error (RMSE – 0.34 g C m−2 d−1), and boreal forest (R > 0.73; RMSE – 0.51 g C m−2 d−1). Benchmark assessments using two regional in situ data sets indicate that the model captures the complex influence of snow insulation on soil temperature and the temperature sensitivity of coldseason soil heterotrophic respiration. Across Alaska, we find that seasonal snow cover imposes strong controls on the contribution from different soil depths to total soil heterotrophic respiration. Earlier snowmelt in spring promotes deeper soil warming and enhances the contribution of deeper soils to total soil heterotrophic respiration during the later growing season, thereby reducing net ecosystem carbon uptake. Early cold-season soil heterotrophic respiration is closely linked to the number of snow-free days after the land surface freezes (R =−0.48, p < 0.1), i.e., the delay in snow onset relative to surface freeze onset. Recent trends toward earlier autumn snow onset in northern Alaska promote a longer zero-curtain period and enhanced cold-season respiration. In contrast, southwestern Alaska shows a strong reduction in the number of snow-free days after land surface freeze onset, leading to earlier soil freezing and a large reduction in cold-season soil heterotrophic respiration. Our results also show nonnegligible influences of subgrid variability in surface conditions on the model-simulated CO2 seasonal cycle, especially during the early cold season at 10 km scale. Our results demonstrate the critical role of snow cover affecting the seasonality of Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 5862 Y. Yi et al.: Investigating soil heterotrophic respiration sensitivity to snow cover changes in Alaska soil temperature and respiration and highlight the challenges of incorporating these complex processes into future projections of the boreal–Arctic carbon cycle.


Abstract Novice heroes in modern Serbocroatian oral epic tradition present the same scholarly problems as does Telemachus in Homer's Odyssey. In this Balkan narrative tradition, only a small number of epics has been recorded in which the novices and their stories are the main substance. The Yugoslav singer Avdo Međedović performed one of these by dictation for Milman Parry in Bijelo Polje, Yugoslavia, in 1935: The Marriage of Mehmed, Son of Smailaga. That song of 12,311 verses is one of the two longest epics recorded from Serbocroatian tradition. By thematic analysis of it and eight other Serbocroatian epics of initiation representing the full range of the initiation story's multiformity, we can establish that Avdo's epic song is an orthodox telling of the traditional story in spite of its extraordinary, Homeric size, and that both the ancient Greek legends of Theseus (in Plutarch and Apollodorus) and Homer's story of Telemachus are thematically indistinguishable from it. The content of a common Balkan mythic tradition underlying the ancient Greek and modern Serbocroatian stories can be described, and the traditional correctness of Telemachus' presence in the Odyssey can be explained from Yugoslav tellings of the Telemachia.


Of all Americans, Woodrow Wilson has arguably been the most sensitive to the problem of establishing and maintaining a type of partisanship that might facilitate governing and, at the same time, enjoy widespread legitimacy. His solution to the problem of party government emerges as more nuanced and pragmatic than the "responsible party model" advanced later, though it is nonetheless genuine in its commitment to partisanship. Despite the wisdom and conviction embodied in Wilson's solution, the theoretical and political difficulties he encountered, first as a reform-minded political scientist, then as a statesman attempting to put his theory into practice, suggest that the problem of party government in the United States is an intractable one.


Summary Purpose – This paper aims to perform an empirical investigation about the constructs and indicators of the supply chain management practices framework. Design/methodology/approach – The measuring framework proposed is based on a survey that was carried out on 107 Brazilian companies. Statistical techniques were employed to verify, validate, and test the reliability of the constructs and their indicators. To validate this framework principal component analysis and structural equation modeling techniques were used. Findings – In general, previous studies suggest six constructs for measuring the supply chain management practices framework. However, in this study a framework was achieved with four constructs of supply chain management practices, namely, supply chain (SC) integration for production planning and control (PPC) support, information sharing about products and targeting strategies, strategic relationship with customer and supplier, and support customer order. This framework has adequate levels of validity and reliability. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of this study was that only a small sample of companies in a single sector and country were surveyed, and therefore there needs to be further research considering the special conditions in other countries. Originality/value – This study investigated statistically set indicators to discuss the topic ''supply chain management practices''. The framework obtained has good quality of validity and reliability indicators. Thus, an alternative framework has been added to measure supply chain management practices, which is currently a popular topic in the supply chain mainstream literature. Both defined constructs and the validated indicators can be used in other studies on supply chain management.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of posterior debridement and internal fixation for ultralong segmental tuberculosis in thoracic and lumbar vertebra through cross-window.Methods From January 2005 to January 2011,17 cases with tuberculosis of more than four segments had undergone posterior internal fixation,debridement and bone graft through bilateral cross-windows in sacrospinalis' outer edge.There were 10 males and 7 females,with an average age of 39.8 years (range,19-68 years).There were 6 cases with four segments,7 cases with five segments,and 4 cases with six or more segments,including 2 cases with jump segments.There were 2 cases with Frankel B,3 with Frankel C,6 with Frankel D and 6 with Frankel E.Nutritional support and quadruple chemotherapy were conducted more than 3 weeks preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.Then triple chemotherapy of HRE was conducted for 9 to 15 months.Uric acid,ESR and liver function were monitored monthly.The evaluation of efficacy referred to MA Yuanzheng' s spinal tuberculosis cure standard.Results All patients were followed up for 27.9 months (range,18 to 48 months).The mean time of interbody fusion was 6.3 months (range,4 to 11 months).The mean time of ESR returning to normal was 3.8 months postoperatively (range,2 to 7.5 months).The mean Cobb angle was corrected from 29.2° (range,11° to 35°) to 9.6° (range,5.5° to 14.8°) two weeks postoperatively.9 of 11 patients with neurological damage returned to normal at the follow-up of 12 months.The other 2 cases recovered to Franke1 D.At last follow-up,CT showed paravertebral abscess was disappeared and fusion was achieved; no recurrence was found.Conclusion Posterior internal fixation and debridement through cross-window may be a good method to achieve lesions clearing,anteriorlateral decompression,interbody fusion,internal fixation,thorough drain and so on.The clinical efficacy could be satisfactory.

Key words:
Thoracic vertebrae;  Lumbar vertebrae;  Tuberculosis, Spinal;  Spinal fusion


A general structure of digital baseband for Zigbee transceiver was presented in accordance with IEEE 802.15.4 standard.In order to meet the demand of Zigbee for ultra low power,the circuit was greatly simplified to reduce power consumption.With simulation of the whole PHY transceiver,including noise modeling in wireless communication channel,system architecture of the transceiver was defined,and trade-off was made among parameters.


e16542Background: Optimal treatment sequences, and the associated outcomes, for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients (pts) are not clearly defined. The objective of this...


BACKGROUND: Exposure of the ovine fetus to glucocorticoids early in gestation programs postnatal elevation of blood pressure and enhanced coronary artery reactivity to second messenger-dependent vasoconstrictors. It is unknown whether the coronary alterations are a direct consequence of the corticosteroid exposure or related to the hypertension that evolves over the first 4 months of life.HYPOTHESIS: Early gestation glucocorticoid exposure enhances newborn lamb coronary artery vascular reactivity in the absence of systemic hypertension.METHODS: Dexamethasone (dex, 0.28 mg/kg/day iv for 48 hours) was administered to pregnant ewes at 27–28 days gestation (term being 145 days). The ewes were allowed delivery, and offspring were studied at a postnatal age of 8 ± 2 days (N = 6). Non-dex exposed age-matched control lambs were used for all comparisons (N = 6). Vascular catheters were placed 48 h prior to recording blood pressures. The contractile responses of circumflex coronary, mesenteric and femoral artery rings were then measured by wire myography.RESULTS: Exposure to dex was not associated with alterations in mean arterial blood pressure or heart rate at 8 days of life. Coronary vessels from dexamethasone-exposed sheep exhibited enhanced vasoconstriction to endothelin-1 and acetylcholine (both P < 0.05). There was no difference in maximal response of the coronary arteries to potassium chloride or angiotensin II. Dex exposure was associated with attenuation in vasodilatation to adenosine, but not sodium nitroprusside or forskolin. No differences in contractile response were detected between dex-exposed and control mesenteric or femoral arteries.CONCLUSION: Early gestation glucocorticoid exposure selectively programs postnatal alterations in coronary artery vascular reactivity prior to the development of hypertension. These findings suggest coronary artery dysfunction is a primary programming phenomenon and not secondary to alterations in blood pressure. These coronary vascular alterations may provide a mechanistic link between an adverse intrauterine environment and later coronary artery dysfunction.


The anomalous softening of the 98 cm -1 spin–phonon coupled mode of CuGeO 3 in the vicinity of the commensurate-incommensurate transition field, H C , is related with the incommensurability around H C , which is one of the characteristic properties of the 98 cm -1 mode and was an unsolved problem in our previous paper [Takehana et al. : Phys. Rev. B 60 (2000) 5191; J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 70 (2001) 3391]. It can be consistently explained as the size effect of the localized mode, which is confined in one domain separated by two spin solitons in the discommensurate range.


Debby Reynolds, the Chief Veterinary Officer (cvo), comments: On the evening of Thursday, October 26, a suspect disease was reported to the State Veterinary Service (svs) in cull sows at a processing plant in Essex. In accordance with defra's contingency plan, restrictions were placed on the


BACKGROUND/AIMS
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein-induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist (PIVKA-II) are representative markers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of PIVKA-II when compared with AFP for detecting HCC. Furthermore, we evaluated the correlation between PIVKA-II and HCC staging.

METHODOLOGY
One hundred patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 227 with HCC were analyzed between January 2004 and March 2006. To compare the diagnostic value of PIVKA-II and AFP, Receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed.

RESULTS
The area under the curve indicated a better accuracy for PIVKA-II than AFP in diagnosis of HCC (0.829 vs. 0.712). The positive rates of PIVKA-II in patients with tumor size larger than 5 cm, 3-5 cm, and less than 3 cm were higher than that of AFP (96%, 83%, 74% vs. 65%, 57%, 48%, respectively). In addition, there seems to be correlation between PIVKA-II and staging systems, Tumor Node Metastasis, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program score and Japan Integrated Staging score (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study show that a PIVKA-II is a useful marker for detecting HCC, especially in small HCC and may have correlations with known staging systems.


The number of births in the Netherlands is increasing fast since a low of 189521 births in 1996. Last year there were more than 200000 births for the first time since 1972 and this year will see an even higher number of newborns. According to the Central Bureau for Statistics (CBS) the cause is many fold. First there is a booming economy with high consumer confidence. The opposing side of this phenomenon is graphically illustrated in Eastern Europe. The deteriorating economy has caused the fertility index--the average number of children per woman--in for example Romania to decrease from 2.5 in 1980 to 1.3 in 1999. By comparison the Netherlands has an index of 1.64. Other causes of the Netherlands boom include the emancipation of working mothers and an improvement in child day care services suggest the CBS. At the end of the 1970s the number of births decreased dramatically: from 248000 in 1969 to 178000 in 1975. Now it seems that countries from north to south Europe are emerging from this "pill dip". For years the Scandinavian countries had the lowest fertility indexes in Europe. However in the 1980s the index increased again and is now 1.84 for Norway and closely followed by Finland and Denmark. Jan Latten from the CBS attributes this current increase to the "fjormodel". "After the introduction of pill womens emancipation grew with decreasing birth rates. As women entered the workforce en masse society had to be reorganized to adjust to working mothers. As this has been done... the birth rate increased because now employment and children may be combined more easily. Presently we are experiencing the same phenomenon". However the boom is not expected to last. In the next few years scientists predict that as a consequence of the 1970s "pill dip" the number of fertile women will drop dramatically. (full text)


Data-driven object detection techniques are widely applied to a variety of practical areas (i.e., automatic robots, self-driving vehicles, defect detection, and face detection). Nowadays, many research projects have been proposed to improve the accuracy of computer vision applications. In this paper, we propose an automatic signboard detection method and a semi-automatic ground truth generation method to help visually impaired people walk on streets in Taiwan. We consider that when visually impaired people walk down the street, they may be interested in certain stores. Therefore, we collect images of 12 kinds of the most popular stores in people's daily lives. The collected street images number over 5 million from 6 major cities in Taiwan; however, only about 1% of images contain a signboard. We propose a hierarchical object detection module to pre-label uncertain samples. Based on this module, semi-automatic ground truth generation can be achieved.


The comprehension strategies of ten remedi al readers selected for a PSEN program and ten randomly selected non-remedial readers were studied to see if and how comprehension strategies differed f or good and poor readers. The subjects were tested ind ividually using the Thinking-Out-Loud (TOL) procedure and instructed to read a story sentence by sent ence. Instructions, with minimal guidelines, were given to each subject to read each sentence and disc uss thoughts occurring before proceeding to the next sentence. Responses for the two groups wer e tabulated, analyzed and categorized separat ely according to the type of response given and then compared and contrasted with each other. Differences between the groups were found i n the total number of elaborations for all catego ries and the total number of each category. Total o verall elaborations were higher for the good reade rs than for the poor readers. Good readers gave a sign ificantly higher number of responses in all categorie s except three. Good readers generally gave more re sponses in categories requiring higher level thinking skills. The three categories which ranked higher in response level for the poor readers were categories requiring a


Nuclear fission produces fission products (FPs) and activation products, including iodine-129, which could evolve into used fuel reprocessing facility off-gas systems, and could require off-gas control to limit air emissions to levels within acceptable emission limits. Research, demonstrations, and some reprocessing plant experience have indicated that diatomic iodine can be captured with efficiencies high enough to meet regulatory requirements. Research on the capture of organic iodides has also been performed, but to a lesser extent. Several questions remain open regarding the capture of iodine bound in organic compounds. Deep-bed methyl iodide adsorption testing has progressed according to a multi-laboratory methyl iodide adsorption test plan. This report summarizes the second phase of methyl iodide adsorption work performed according to this test plan using the deep-bed iodine adsorption test system at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), performed during the second half of Fiscal Year (FY) 2014. Test results continue to show that methyl iodide adsorption using AgZ can achieve total iodine decontamination factors (DFs, ratios of uncontrolled and controlled total iodine levels) above 1,000, until breakthrough occurred. However, mass transfer zone depths are deeper for methyl iodide adsorption compared to diatomic iodine (I2) adsorption. Methyl iodide DFs for the Ag Aerogel test more » adsorption efficiencies were less than 1,000, and the methyl iodide mass transfer zone depth exceeded 8 inches. Additional deep-bed testing and analyses are recommended to (a) expand the data base for methyl iodide adsorption under various conditions specified in the methyl iodide test plan, and (b) provide more data for evaluating organic iodide reactions and reaction byproducts for different potential adsorption conditions. « less


As the goals of early intervention have broadened, it is appropriate that measures used to document efficacy be re-evaluated. This article reviews briefly trends in the use of outcome measures, beginning with IQ and other developmental tests that focus on the child. Two recent reports are reviewed which illustrate the problems of relying solely upon child outcomes as measures of program efficacy. Measurement approaches for researchers and practitioners are suggested that take into consideration the transactional nature and impact of early interventions upon the child and family system.


Malnutrition has many adverse effects on human health, especially in pre-schoolers and children of school age. In this study, fermented dairy permeate and mushroom powder were used for enhancing the quality and the nutritional values of pan bread. The highest sensory score was recorded for bread supplemented with 100 % fermented dairy permeate without mushroom powder (82.76). The bread made with 100 % fermented dairy permeate and 5 % mushroom powder had the highest protein (16.05 %), dry matter (63.23 %), and ash (1.84 %) contents. In addition, all mineral contents significantly were increased by adding fermented dairy permeate and mushroom powder. Compared to the control, the percentages in protein, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, and iron increased by 31.99, 301.29, 102.35, 176.81, 43.94, 194.82, 90.90 and 268.49 percent, respectively. In addition, microbiological studies revealed that the total counts of spore formers and molds decreased as the percentage of fermented dairy permeate in the dough increased. From these results, it can be concluded that fermented dairy permeate and mushroom powder improve the quality and significantly increase the nutritional values of the bread via protein and mineral contents and extend the shelf-life of pan bread. K e y w o r d s


This study focuses on the Borderline Personality Disorder, also known as Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder or borderline, proposing, on such cases, a psychoanalytic reading. The borderline patients clinical and metapsychological presentation form were debated through the analysis of two clinical cases as well as the possibility of clinic approach of these cases through the Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy. The validity of the psychotherapeutical treatment is noticed, consequently promoting improve- ment in the patientsquality of life. However, due to the associative restriction of this borderline structure, like libidinal addiction in early conflicts and the difficulty in establishing transference in the traditional patterns, the limits


Aim: The aim of this descriptive qualitative study was to analyze dignity in nursing care in institutionalised elderly adults from the perspective of nurses, and to identify factors affecting dignity. Design: A descriptive qualitative study. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study employing individual in-depth interviews. The sample comprised ten general nurses working in health and social institutions with round-the-clock care for elderly adults. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Six main themes have been identified in relation to dignity: Regarding elderly adults as unique human beings; Privacy and embarrassment; Quality of relationships; Communication; Quality of care; and Environment. The main themes were further broken down into 24 sub-themes and their mutual relationships. Among important determinants for dignity, nurses listed sufficient staff and funding, the necessity for health and social workers to cooperate, and family relationships. Conclusion: The resulting schema represents a description of nurses' experience of respecting dignity in primary nursing care for elderly adults. Nurses see dignity in open communication, room for privacy, securing quality individualised care, and preserving current family relationships. The schema may be used for a self-reflection by nurses in direct care for elderly adult, by the management of healthcare institutions and social care, and for students of nursing.


We will study quadratic one sided quaternionic polynomials and their zeros. We apply the general theory to this particular case, i.e. we divide the zeros into two classes: spherical and isolated zeros. By making use of the theory of companion polynomials we give an algorithm for computing all zeros of these polynomials.


In MV-based or GMV-based control performance assessment (CPA), the minimum variance term or feedback controller-invariant plays a central role. In order to calculate the feedback controller-invariant term's coefficients, a new polynomial division algorithm is proposed in this paper, which is called ratio and displacement algorithm (RDIS). This method avoids the trouble of manual calculation or the solution of Diophantine equation, and its advantages is obvious in control performance assessment applications.


Vehicles accidents are events that occur in the process of road traffic and lead to material and/or immaterial damages and in many cases to death of the road users. In this paper we propose and develop a Web based tool for analysis, visualization and animation of vehicle crash accidents. The method based on conservation of linear and angular momentum for the system of rigid bodies, combined with additional assumptions is used for modeling of the process of energy transfer between vehicles involved in the collision. Experimental model and calculations are made and X3D (eXtensible 3D) language is used for the Web based simulation.


Regional rural systems respond to global environmental change with multi-dimensional transformation. However, in the widespread traditional agricultural areas, rural transformation is often seen as invisible and sometimes remains hidden by official statistics of urbanization and industrialization at a regional level. The study implemented field survey and ethnography methods, exploring the trajectory and driving paths of rural transformation in traditional agricultural areas. The findings indicate that the dominant livelihood experienced a transitional trajectory from traditional farming to jujube-oriented and then to a non-farming livelihood. Furthermore, the land use showed an eco-transformation from farmland to forest land, and from cultivated land gradually to uncultivated land. We also find that the household behaviors actively or passively adapted to environmental effects, such as climate change, market change, urbanization impact, and policy regulation, and then drove non-agricultural transformation and eco-transformation in traditional agricultural areas. Based on these findings, the study confirms that there is a clear rural transformation in traditional agricultural areas, and reveals that the Loess Plateau turned green from bottom to top. Finally, the study calls to take the road of green transformation, and proposals are presented in terms of ecology, livelihood, and industry.


Given its ties to industry, vocational education and training (VET) has a crucial role in ensuring the workforce possesses the skills for responding to Industry 4.0, with advanced technologies now entering workplaces and transforming how businesses operate. This good practice guide is intended to provide advice on incorporating digital skills into VET delivery for VET providers and policy-makers. A forum convened by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) in late 2019, 'VET's response to Industry 4.0 and the digital economy: what works', has helped shape this guide. Participants at the forum included representatives from Skills Service Organisations; members of the Education Industry Reference Committee (IRC); industry, provider and practitioner-related bodies; policy-makers; and relevant researchers.


We demonstrate how manufacture of miniaturized biosensors, fluidic platforms, drug delivery systems and other micro biomedical devices is relying more and more on non-Si micromanufacturing techniques. The new methodologies are hybrid in nature and merge IC fabrication methods (e.g. lithography) with more traditional manufacturing (e.g. lamination, plastic molding and electroplating). These proposed methods may involve large sheets of materials or may even be continuous, i.e., the number of devices that can be produced per single substrate is larger than that of a Si batch. The techniques are also modular rather than integrated and involve methods such as lamination, drop delivery, pick and place, laser drilling and cutting and other methods borrowed from the IC packaging and PC board industries. These new processes will afford for the first time miniaturized sensors, fluidics and other micro- biomedical devices at a cost that will enable them to become pervasive in our daily lives. The greater modularity in combining different components and the wider choice of materials with the required properties (e.g. biocompatibility, toughness, and optical transparency) will further accelerate the advent of many more innovative micro biomedical devices. In this paper we first discuss four important technology needs crucial to the realization of inexpensive disposable micro biomedical devices and then show early results obtained in our own laboratories towards the manufacture of three micro-biomedical and micro- analytical devices: disposable biosensors, CD based microfluidic platforms and responsive drug delivery pills.


The presence or the absence of the Buddha is ambiguous in various contexts. Where to find his existence regardless of time is a practically useful inquiry. The Buddhist canonical teachings do not recommend any refuge in external power or authority. Yet the attitudes of the followers and other students seem to question why not. As a result we find various ways of manifestation of the Buddha in terms of statues and related rituals, symbols like lighting a lamp, or visualization of the Buddha. Is the Buddha present in terms of statues then? If yes, in which kinds of statues? Is he present otherwise, in terms of didactic stories? The more we find the Buddha externally the more we find a distance and gap between the Buddha and the practitioner. These inquiries will contribute to removing any distance and gap between them and bring to light the clarity and indepth relationship of taking refuge in the triple gem and practice of mindfulness.


The authors conduct laboratory markets to evaluate the effects of consumer search costs on market performance. The primary research goal is to assess the behavioral relevance of Peter A. Diamond's (1971) paradoxical conclusion that the injection of a small consumer search cost alters the equilibrium price prediction from competitive to monopoly levels. Although monopoly prices are not consistently observed, the authors find that search costs do tend to raise prices. Additional experimentation indicates that below-monopoly prices are not explained by buyer avoidance of high-pricing sellers but that prices increase as search costs are raised. Copyright 1996 by Oxford University Press.


Garbhastravi Vandhya (Repeated abortion) has been described by Harita Samhita under infertility. It was critically reviewed in the context of certain Jataharinis, Putraghani, and Asrija Yonivyapada, which denotes repeated abortions. Three or more consecutive spontaneous abortion before 20 weeks are defined as recurrent miscarriages. The common causes of the first trimester abortion are genetic factors, immune and endocrine factors, infection, and unexplained ones in the majority of cases. The available conventional treatments are hormonal therapy, heparin injection and immunotherapy which are associated with high rates of treatment failure and complications. In this case report patient suffered from repeated first trimester abortion 5 times with secondary infertility for 3 years. As the complete investigations were normal, diagnosis towards unexplained recurrent abortions was made. In the preconceptional period, the patient was treated with Lekhana Basti for 10 days along with Ayurvedic medication of Kanchnara Guggulu, Arogyavardhini Vati, and Ashokarishta for 45 days. With these medications, the patient got conceived, and then Phalaghrita and Guduchi Ghanavati were given for the whole gestational period. The patient had full-term pregnancy without any complication and delivered a healthy baby. Panchakarma along with Ayurvedic medicines offers a good approach to manage recurrent abortion. But, to establish this fact, further study on larger samples is required.


Urban expansion is continuously exerting pressure on ecosystems and their service provision and it contributes to increasing exposure to risk in hazard-prone areas, in particular in mountainous regions where mass-wasting occurs frequently. The result is an increased level of vulnerability to which the population might be exposed to, and the need for developing mitigation strategies to reduce risk and to provide a safe and sustainable environment. This process requires two aspects: (1) long-term regional monitoring approaches to be able to assess a situation efficiently in quasi-real-time, and (2) developing decision approaches for policy-based strategies into the future. This contribution covers the aspect of establishing a spatially and temporally explicit data model in order to provide a tool for assessing factors and extracting metrics in the domain of urban expansion pressure and increased vulerability due to geohazards.


Ethanamizuril is a new triazine compound which shows a potential to be a novel anticoccidial drug. The toxicological study in experimental animals is important to understand the safety profile of ethanamizuril for drug product development. In this study, a novel, selective and accurate ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method has been developed for the determination of ethanamizuril concentrations in rat plasma. With 4-Nitro-o-cresol as an internal standard, sample pretreatment involved one-step extraction with acetonitrile of 100 μL plasma. The detection was carried out by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in negative ion mode with selected ion recording (SIR). The standard curves were linear (r2 ≥ 0.999) over the concentration range of 0.1-100 μg/mL. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 8.4% and 8.87%, respectively. The mean extraction recovery of ethanamizuril from rat plasma was 97.68-102.57 %. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to monitor plasma concentrations of ethanamizuril in a short-term toxicity study and two generation reproduction toxicity study. The result of the study confirmed that the elimination of drugs in rats is slow.


Image reconstruction from Fourier-domain measurements is a specialized problem within the general area of image reconstruction using prior information. The structure of the equations in Fourier imaging is challenging, since the observation equation matrix is non-sparse in the spatial domain but diagonal in the Fourier domain. Recently, the Bayesian image reconstruction with prior edges (BIRPE) algorithm has been proposed for image reconstruction from Fourier-domain samples using edge information automatically extracted from a high-resolution prior image. In the BIRPE algorithm, the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate of the reconstructed image and edge variables involves high-dimensional, non-convex optimization, which can be computationally prohibitive. The BIRPE algorithm performs this optimization by iteratively updating the estimate of the image then updating the estimate of the edge variables. In this paper, we propose two techniques for updating the image based on fixed edge variables one based on iterated conditional modes (ICM) and the other based on Jacobi iteration. ICM is guaranteed to converge, but, depending on the structure of the Fourier-domain samples, can be computationally prohibitive. The Jacobi iteration technique is more computationally efficient but does not always converge. In this paper, we study the convergence properties of the Jacobi iteration technique and its parameter sensitivity.


Since the end of the Second World War, few firms have influenced the practice of architecture as much as Caudill Rowlett Scott, or CRS. From its establishment in the 1940s as a three-man operation above a grocery store in College Station, Texas, CRS evolved into a world leader in programming, construction management, school design, and other dimensions of modern architectural practice. By the 1970s, CRS was a master at organizing complicated architectural undertakings and had earned a global reputation for sharing its insights with practitioners worldwide. This book about CRS will fill an important gap in architectural history. It explores the ways architects of the mid-twentieth century developed methods that allowed professionals to analyze projects systematically rather than relying on the traditional combination of information and intuition. Based on oral histories taken from many leaders and staff members of CRS, the book traces the company's development from its beginnings to its emergence as the largest architecture/engineering firm in the United States by the early 1980s and to its dismemberment in 1994. The main focus is on the period from the 1940s to CRS's merger with the South Carolina_based engineering firm Sirrine in 1983. Interspersed throughout the volume are pithy memos written by the firm's charismatic, intellectual leader, AIA Gold Medal winner Bill Caudill. The book is heavily illustrated with pictures of firm members at work and views of important CRS buildings such as the Jesse H. Jones Hall for the Performing Arts in Houston. The interviews that richly inform this book are set within a narrative that places the firm and its innovations in a broader perspective, connecting the CRS story to contemporary developments in architecture, the economy, and society.


Need table of contents and copy of the article that is taken from the publication, not taken from internet or printed from a word version.


In this paper, signal processing algorithms for dynamic UUV homing and docking, navigation, and collision avoidance are presented. Many conventional techniques are image‐based, which involved computation‐intensive image reconstruction procedures, which is ineffective in dynamic real‐time environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop computationally effective signal processing algorithms for high‐precision UUV geolocation. To optimize the applicability, the algorithms presented in this paper cover all key modalities, including both active and passive, with temporal pulse and FMCW signal formats. In terms of operating configurations, the first case is classified as the passive‐receiver systems. The transmitting signal format for this case is in the form of a twin‐pulse set, with opposite polarity. The bearing angle is estimated from the temporal offset of the pulses. The dual version of this configuration is in the form of an active system and the double‐integration algorithm can be effective...


We investigate the time evolution towards the asymptotic steady state of a one dimensional interacting system after a quantum quench. We show that at finite time the latter induces entanglement between right- and left- moving density excitations, encoded in their cross-correlators, which vanishes in the long-time limit. This behavior results in a universal time-decay in system spectral properties $ \propto t^{-2} $, in addition to non-universal power-law contributions typical of Luttinger liquids. Importantly, we argue that the presence of quench-induced entanglement clearly emerges in transport properties, such as charge and energy currents injected in the system from a biased probe, and determines their long-time dynamics. In particular, energy fractionalization phenomenon turns out to be a promising platform to observe the universal power-law decay $ \propto t^{-2} $ induced by entanglement and represents a novel way to study the corresponding relaxation mechanism.


This paper presents granulometric analysis of sawdust generated in processing oak-wood, fir-wood and particleboard with circular saw at three different feed speeds and two working table position. Woodworking machines and cutting parameters, as well as processed material properties determine the particle size distribution of chipped wood and as a result also the emission of airborne wood particles at the workplace. The objective of this paper was to clarify the influence of feed speed, cutting angle and wood material characteristics on particle size distribution of sawdust generated during sawing of solid fir-wood (Abies Alba Mill.), oak-wood (Quercus Robur L.) and laminated particleboard with circular saw. Generally, the results showed that the share of small particles in sawdust decreases with the increase of feed speed. Working table position and cutting angle have very important influence on particle size distribution of sawdust when cutting solid wood.


Pulsar bow-shock nebulae are a class of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) that form when the pulsar wind is confined by the ram pressure of the ambient medium, and are usually associated with old pulsars, that have already emerged from the progenitor Supernova Remnant (SNR). Until a few years ago these nebulae were mainly observed as \halpha sources; recently, also non-thermal emission has been detected. This is the signature of accelerated particles gyrating in a magnetic field. In the same way as \halpha radiation is a tool for studying the layer of shocked Interstellar Medium (ISM), the non-thermal radiation might be used to infer the properties of the shocked pulsar wind. However theoretical and numerical models have been presented so far only in the hydrodynamical (HD) regime, while in order to properly model the internal flow structure and the emission properties of these nebulae a magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) treatment is required. We present here relativistic MHD (RMHD) axisymmetric simulations of pulsar wind bow-shock nebulae. The structure and fluid dynamics of such objects is investigated for various values of the pulsar wind magnetization. Simulated synchrotron maps are computed and comparison of the emission pattern with observations is discussed.


According to many years' experiences of the construction and management of the erection engineering, this paper makes brief analysis on the causes of the faults of the hot-water-based heat supply system and on the faults cleaning methods, and points out that only adopting corresponding faults cleaning methods can achieve the safety in production and improve the quality of the heat supply.


Abstract Background Hazardous alcohol use significantly affects health and wellbeing in society. General practitioners (GPs) are uniquely positioned to address this problem by integrating early identification and brief intervention (EIBI) in daily practice. Unfortunately, EIBI implementation remains low. Community-oriented strategies (COS), defined as public health activities directed to the general population, are suggested to address this implementation gap. COS aim to increase the understanding, engagement and empowerment within the population to facilitate EIBI delivery. However, no consensus on what COS should contain exists. Objectives To obtain insight in the stakeholders' perspectives and create consensus with them on COS with the highest potential to facilitate EIBI delivery. Methods Four nominal group sessions were conducted with 31 stakeholders representing 12 different stakeholder groups from Leuven (Belgium). Stakeholders generated ideas, reflected on them in group and prioritised them anonymously, creating four separate lists. Merging these lists with their relative scores resulted in a master list, which was checked for accuracy through a member check. Qualitative content analysis on the stakeholder's notes provided an in-depth exploration of their perspectives. Results Twenty-one strategies were identified, nine of which were COS. Highlighting the GPs' proactive role was considered most relevant. Other foci included creating awareness on the effects of alcohol use and normalising discussing alcohol use within the community. A holistic approach, exceeding the sole focus on COS, combining community, healthcare and government was accentuated. Conclusion Stakeholders emphasise addressing the proactive role of GPs as most promising COS, though it should be delivered within a holistic multi-component approach.


From Introduction: "The Bureau of Mines has attempted to develop a cheap and efficient solvent that would especially meet the requirements of smaller plants. (See Bibliography). A method of producing this solution from sulphurous products and waste liquors was developed by the bureau and tried successfully on a test-plant scale at the Southwest Experiment Station in cooperation with the department of mining and metallurgy, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Ariz."


The phenomena of mendelian segregation and recombination of genetic factors have been demonstrated to be responsible for the multiplicity of neoplasms induced by methylcholanthrene. This conclusion is ibased upon considerable data many of which are still unpublished. Some evidence bearing upon this problem has beeln published in a series of papers (see references). The essential observations for the development of this concept were as follows: (1) A standard amount of methylcholanthrene dissolved in a constant vehicle and administered to mice of an inbred strain at a constant age will induce, or bring about, one or, at most, very few types of cancer. That is, when genetic homozygosity is maintained and quantitative methods are employed, great uniformity is obtained in the type of tumors induced. (2) On the other hand, when the same quantitative methods are employed, as to, dose of carcinogen, vehicle, age of mouse, food, etc., with hybrid mice belonging to the F2 to F18 generations following an outcross a great variety of tumors are obtained. This means that where genetic heterogeneity (genetic variability) is maintained, a great variability in the types of tumor induced 'by a carcinogen is the result. This variability in tumor types has been considerably increased following the suppression or elimination of the local tumor by genetic selection toward resistance to such local tumors, thus permitting the hybrid mice to live longer and to manifest their intrinsic biologic variability. (3) In the succeeding generations following an outcross the degree of tumor variability has been gradually reduced, until it again becomes constant when the homozygous state is again approached. (4) The various sublines of mice developed under these conditions and kept separate from each other retain a tendency or tendencies to give rise to specific types of tumor that differ in the different sublines. The above


Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. This bibliometric analysis was applied to identify the characteristics of global scientific output, the hotspots, and frontiers of ITP over the past 10 years. We retrieved publications from 2011 to 2021 from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometrix package, VOSviewer, and Citespace were used to analyse and visualize the trend, distribution, and hotspots of research on ITP. Altogether, there were 2084 papers, written by 9080 authors from 410 organizations in 70 countries/regions, published in 456 journals with 37 160 co‐cited references. In the last decades, the most productive journal was British Journal of Haematology, China was the most productive country. and the most cited journal was Blood. Shandong University was the most productive institution in the field of ITP. NEUNERT C, 2011, BLOOD, CHENG G, 2011, LANCET, and PATEL VL, 2012, BLOOD were the top three most cited documents. "Thrombopoietin receptor agonist", "regulatory T cell" and "sialic acid" were three hotspots of the last decade. And "immature platelet fraction", "Th17", and "fostamatinib" would be research frontiers in the feature. The present study provided a novel insight for future research directions and scientific decision‐making.


A coordinated synchronization control scheme to synchronize two or more Euler-Lagrange systems in a leader-follower configuration is presented where the only information requirements of the leader are that of position and orientation only, i.e. the mathematical model with its parameters and the velocity and acceleration of the leader are considered unknown and unmeasured. An model-based nonlinear observer is designed to indirectly estimate the velocity and acceleration of the leader through the synchronization errors, and the observer-controller scheme is shown to give global uniformly ultimately bounded closed-loop errors.


Motion capture technology has been applied in many elds such as animation, medicine, military, etc. since it was rst proposed in the 1970s. Based on the principles applied, motion capture technology is generally classi ed into six categories: 1) Optical; 2) Inertial; 3) Magnetic; 4) Mechanical; 5) Acoustic and 6) Markerless. Di erent from the other ve kinds of motion capture technologies which try to track path of speci c points with di erent equipment, markerless systems recognize human or non-human body's motion with visionbased technology which focuses on analyzing and processing the captured images for motion capture. The user doed not need to wear any equipment and is free to do any action in an extensible measurement area while a markerless motion capture system is working. Though this kind of system is considered as the preferred solution for motion capture, the di culty for realizing an e ective and high accuracy markerless system is much higher than the other technologies mentioned, which makes markerless motion capture development a popular research direction. Microsoft Kinect sensor has attracted lots of attention since the launch of its rst version with its depth sensing feature which gives the sensor the ability to do motion capture without any extra devices. Recently, Microsoft released a new version of Kinect sensor with improved hardware and and targeted at the consumer market. However, to the best of our knowlege, the accuracy assessment of the sensor remains to be answered since it was released. In this thesis, we measure the depth accuracy of the newly released Kinect v2 depth sensor from di erent aspects and propose a trilateration method to improve the depth accuracy with multiple Kinects simultaneously. Based on the trilateration method, a low-cost, no wearable equipment requirement and easy setup human gait tracking system is realized.


This paper uses a residual income method of affordability measurement to get a better understanding of the growing polarisation of Australian cities. While we might talk about the desirability of social mix, however defined, housing market dynamics – without appropriate interventions – tend to push cities in the direction of social dispersion and polarisation. Taking Melbourne, Australia, as a case study, the paper examines how the housing market has created a 'slow burn' process of social and spatial polarisation, not just in terms of income but also of household type and building form. This market understanding is enabled by using a residual income model of affordability to work out to what degree, and where, different household types can rent and buy. The findings suggest that Melbourne's long-held status as one of the world's most liveable cities may be threatened by polarisation and sustainability outcomes flowing from the inability of households with incomes less than the 40% decile, particularly families, to participate anywhere in the housing market other than the urban fringe.


The purpose of this study was to determine adjustmental and physical fitness levels among the Inter Collegiate Handball, Volleyball and Hockey female players. Random sample of 45 subjects, 15 each sport were taken for this study. Bell's adjustment inventory and presented physical fitness variables were administered to find out the various adjustment and physical fitness among the different female sports groups. Significant difference at 05 level was found in favour of Volleyball group significant difference at 01 level were found in 50 meter run, standing broad jump in favour of Handball and Hockey groups. Trunk flexibility and sit ups in favour of hockey group. It is concluded that Hockey players were more superior in speed abdominal strength, trunk flexibility and cardio vascular endurance then the other two groups. Handball players were superior in shoulder strength and agility than the other two groups. Similarly volleyball players were better in leg strength as compare to other two groups.


An historic post box on Hannan Street was saved from removal in May after community outcry, but the 117-year-old relic is still at risk of being decommissioned.


With aggressive scaling of silicon technology, integrated circuits (ICs) yield has emerged as a prominent concern. Yield loss comes from timing problems induced by process variations introduced by inaccuracy in nano-scale CMOS fabrication. To address this concern, we have developed a system to assist in optimizing yield and power. The system consists of timing violation sensors, clock duty-cycle controllers, and dynamic voltage scaling techniques to avoid timing violations and to reduce the supply voltage as much as possible. By using failure probability maps, we evaluate the yield and performance enhancement of an example microprocessor system.


Hardware virtualization in the x86 architecture has enabled the use of virtual machine monitors in Beowulf clusters. In turn, each application user can then run a virtual guest operating system of his/her choice. Of course virtualizing and sharing the hardware resources in a Beowulf cluster will add additional overheads that may negatively effect performance of the application. However, the use of an application specific guest operating system also permits the introduction of application specific optimizations into that guest operating system. Potentially then, even with virtualization, the overall application performance may be improved. In this paper we consider the optimization of the communication subsystem in a Linux-based Beowulf cluster. In particular, we examine and compare the communication costs between a native TCP/IP Linux host and a virtual Linux guest with the TCP/IP drivers replaced with active message drivers. Using the KVM hypervisor, we observe that TCP/IP latency is nearly doubled in the virtual guest. However, after replacing the TCP/IP drivers with GAMMA active message drivers in the virtual guest, we observe substantial reductions in the message latency over the native TCP/IP host. We believe that this result provides us evidence to continue exploring the development of a streamlined virtual host for our research with Time Warped synchronized parallel simulation.


Permission to Reprint for Non-Commercial Uses This essay is published by Insight Assessment. The original appeared in 1992 and has been updated many times over the years. Although the author and the publisher hold all copyrights, in the interests of advancing education and improving critical thinking, permission is hereby granted for paper, electronic, or digital copies to be made in unlimited amounts, provided that their distribution is free of charge provided that whenever material from this essay is cited or extracted in whole or in part that appropriate citation is made by indicating this essay's full title, author's name, publisher's name, year, and page or pages where it appears in this edition. For permission for reprints intended for sale contact Insight Assessment by phone at 650-697-5628 or by email to email@example.com. ISBN 13: 978-1-891557-07-1.


Introduction. The New and Improved Excel 2000. Why Do You Need This Book? How Do You Use This Book? I. BASIC TRAINING. 1. Excel in a Nutshell. Spreadsheets: A Brief Retrospective. Starting and Exiting Excel. Working with Program Window Elements. What's New in Excel 2000? 2. File Fundamentals. Opening and Closing Files. Saving Files. Working with Multiple Files. Deleting Files. Finding Files. 3. Data Entry in a Dash. Dealing with Data. Editing Data. Speeding Up Data Entry. 4. The Wonderful World of Worksheets. Understanding Worksheet Structure. Navigating Worksheets. Naming Sheets. Adding and Deleting Sheets. Moving and Copying Sheets. Protecting Worksheets. 5. Help Me, Please! Using the Office Assistant. Using the What's This? Feature. Using Lotus 1-2-3 Help. Finding Excel Help on the Web. 6. Fine-Tuning Excel. Customizing Excel Toolbars. Customizing Excel Menus. Customizing How Excel Works. II. PUTTING EXCEL TO WORK. 7. Working the Wide-Open Ranges. What's a Range? Selecting Ranges. Branding Your Ranges. Working with Multilevel Ranges. 8. Concocting Formulas. What's a Formula? Get Your Operators in Order. Entering Formulas. Absolute Versus Relative Cell Addresses. Using Range Names in Formulas. Referencing Cells from Other Worksheets. 9. Functions: Fast Formulas for Fast Results. What's a Function? The Awesome AutoSum Function. Functions in Action. Entering Functions into Formulas. Useful Functions You Won't Want to Live Without. 10. Fixing Formula Problems. What's Wrong? Try an Audit. Common Error Messages and How to Get Rid of Them. III. WORKSHEET GROOMING. 11. Formatting for Fun or Profit. Performing a Data Makeover. How to Make Your Numbers Attractive. Do You Need an Alignment? AutoFormat: Easy Formatting for the Formatting Impaired. 12. Rearranging Your Worksheet Data. Changing the Worksheet Structure. Rearranging Data on the Worksheet. Seek and Ye Shall Find, and Then Ye Can Replace. 13. Getting Graphic. The World of Spreadsheet Art. Draw Your Own Art. Turning Words into Art. 14. Adding Borders and Backgrounds. Bordering on Borders. Here's a Little Background Information. 15. Printing and Previewing. Preview It All. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Printing, and More. Setting Up with Page Setup. How About a Header or a Footer? Pondering Page Breaks. IV. CHARTING NEW TERRITORY. 16. Charts That Say It All. A Cornucopia of Charts. Jumping In with the Chart Wizard. The Lowdown on Chart Parts. 17. Formatting Charts. Using the Chart Toolbar. Changing the Chart Type. Formatting with the Format Dialog Box. Adding New Chart Elements. 18. Map It Out. All About Map Charts. Creating a Map Chart. Create a Pin Map. V. BUILDING AND ANALYZING DATABASES. 19. Build Your Own Excel Databases. The Dirt on Databases. Let's Build One Already! 20. Manipulating Your Data. I've Got a Database--Now What? A Sorting We Will Go. Pass Me That Filter. 21. All About PivotTables. What's a PivotTable? Creating Your Own PivotTable. Analyzing with Your PivotTable. 22. Seeking with Goal Seek. What's Goal Seek? Going One-on-One with Goal Seek. The Scenario Scene. VI. Nothing but Net. 23. Integrating Excel with Other Applications. Exploring the New and Exciting Clipboard Toolbar. To Link or to Embed? That Is the Question. Excel's Import/Export Business. Sharing via Email. 24. Creating Excel Web Pages. Excel and the Internet. Wandering the Web. Searching the Web from Excel. Downloading Files. Running a Web Query. 25. Using Excel on the Web. Creating a Web Page in Excel. Inserting Links. Windows 98 in a Flash. A Mouse in the Hand. When You Need a Menu. Windows Don't Have To Be a Pane! Let's Rap About Dialog! What the Scroll Is That? ? Speak Like a Geek. Index.


To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of 3 case definitions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on self‐reported data on RA diagnosis and use of arthritis medications, and to determine whether a validated screening survey would increase the PPVs in the 3 groups.


The impacts of land intensification on carbon (C) responses are important components of soil organic carbon (SOC) management. Grazing land intensification typically involves the use of highly productive plant species that can support greater grazing pressure, removal of higher proportions of site biomass and nutrients during mechanical harvest or grazing, and increased use of fertilizers, particularly N. Current improved grazing land management strategies are aimed at increasing above-ground biomass yield, with less regard for below-ground C dynamics. Since intensive management affects aboveand belowground C inputs (Schuman et al. 1999; Liu et al. 2011a, 2011b), it can have important implications for the amount and characteristics of SOC stored in grazing lands (Franzluebbers and Stuedemann 2003; Dubeux et al. 2006; Silveira et al. 2013). The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term impacts on SOC dynamics in subtropical ecosystems of converting native rangeland ecosystems into intensively managed systems.


Electricity can not be stored efficiently in the grid, resulting in a need for demand and supply to be in balance. The Transmission System Operator operates a real-time electricity market to acquire extra supply or load. Traditionally, electricity usage is forecast as accurately as possible a day ahead and deviations from this electricity program are kept to a minimum as financial risk is involved with these deviations. Deviations from the submitted electricity program are settled at the real-time electricity market clearing price, which can be profitable to the parties involved. The aim of this project is to achieve accurate, real-time and interpretable prediction of the electricity market price. To this end the Generalised Fuzzy Neural Network formulation of a Non-linear Auto-Regressive with eXogenous inputs model structure (GFNARX) model structure is proposed as contribution to existing fuzzy modelling literature. Accuracy of the proposed model is shown to be comparable to that of state-of-the-art fuzzy models on a popular literature benchmark, prediction of the Mackey-Glass chaotic time series, while using computationally cheaper means. As there is no substantial amount of literature on Real-time Electricity market Price (REP) forecasting which enables comparison of GFNARX predictions to any other, two other models from time series literature are used to generate comparison material: Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average with eXogenous inputs and Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (SARIMAX-GARCH) and Nonlinear Auto-Regressive with eXogenous inputs (NARX). To assess whether information about the real-time electricity price can be used to reduce electricity consumption costs for assets in a demand response portfolio, a benchmark method which simulates control of the cooling motor of a developed cold storage warehouse model according to the predicted state of the real-time electricity market, is proposed. Using the GFNARX model to predict the real-time price throughout the year 2015 based on historical data, a 25.5% reduction in cumulative electricity costs is obtained compared to the reference case where all electricity consumption is bought on the day ahead market. When comparing the GFNARX prediction result to using the most recent electricity price observation as naïve forecast which achieves 16.9% cost reduction, a relative 10.3% cost reduction is achieved. Master of Science Thesis CONFIDENTIAL I. de Hoogt


Submitted for the MAR07 Meeting of The American Physical Society Raman Spectroscopy of Heat-Treated Boron Doped Double Wall Carbon Nanotubes1 F. VILLALPANDO, H.B. SON, G.G. SAMSONIDZE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, S.G. CHOU, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Y.A. KIM, H. MURAMATSU, T. HAYASHI, M. ENDO, Shinshu University, M. TERRONES, Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, M.S. DRESSELHAUS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology — We performed Raman spectroscopy experiments on undoped and boron-doped double walled carbon nanotubes that exhibit the "coalescence inducing mode" as they are heat treated at temperatures between 1200C and 2000C. From the radial breathing mode spectra we find that the smaller diameter tubes disappear before the larger diameter tubes as the sample is heat treated at higher temperatures. By using different laser excitation energies ranging from 1.57eV to 2.41eV, we observe in agreement with prior work that the outer tubes shield the inner tubes and give the G band its characteristic lineshape. We also find that the G' feature contains contributions from the inner and outer layers of a DWNT and its frequency shifts are related to the change in the diameter distribution of the DWNT sample caused by increasing the heat treatment temperatures. Finally, we report on the observation of a four fold splitting of the G' Raman feature and analyze the similarities with recent studies on 2-layer graphene. 1The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from CONACYT Mexico Federico Villalpando Massachusetts Institute of Technology Date submitted: 28 Nov 2006 Electronic form version 1.4


Melanie Jones, Alison Carr, and Jane Montgomery look at opportunities to enter specialty training programmes leading to a certificate of completion of training in England, Scotland, and Wales


In this study, improved, validated ordinary differential equation (ODE) models (an extended linear and a nonlinear ones) are proposed for a wide sort of solar heating systems with a solar collector, a heat exchanger, a storage and pipes. The applicability and the generalizability of the models are also discussed