The driving ahead motion problem was considered for a family of spherical mobile robot which utilizes counter-weight pendulum motion for propulsion mechanism. A simplified dynamic model of driving ahead motion of the system was derived with respect to the drive motor torque as input, and the input-state linearization condition was checked. Based on this result, a full feedback linearization of the system was obtained. The resulting equations were then used to design two novel controllers. The first one was used to control the angular velocity of the shell within an acceptable rang. The second controller was utilized to keep the angle of the shell between the specified limits. Simulation results are provided to show the efficacy of the controllers using realistic data. Experimental results are presented where the controllers are implemented on a spherical robot, BYQ_III, which is developed in our laboratory. The experimental results show that the robot converges to a neighborhood of the desired angular velocity and angle within the acceptable stationary errors.


In the creation of the discourse, the author can make use of different mechanics such as grammar and pragmatics to convey his information. Even though, Hoey (1991) points out that lexical cohesion is more important than other mechanics. On such basis, we claim that deep research into lexical cohesion is of much use in helping the readers' reading comprehension, writing and translation as well as the teachers' language teaching.


He article is devoted to the study of the elements of the communicative structure of the utterance with a transitive predicate, i.e. the predicate expressed by the transitive verb. The theoretical framework considers bi-unity of lexical and syntactic transitivity. The practical value of work consists in that the material of the texts of the new book "Folk tales of the Pskov region" selected syntactic ways of expressing the proposition of actant-objective with a transitive predicate, which allows to identify some features of dialect discourse.


Objective To investigate the effect of olanzapine and ziprasidone in the treatment of schizophrenia.Methods 78 patients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups randomly.one group was treated with olanzapine,and the other group was employed with ziprasidone. The effects and adverse reactions were compared in two groups.Results The score of PANSS in both groups decreased significantly comparing to the baseline. the rate of arrhythmia,insomnia and insomnia were signif icantly higher in the ziprasidone group than those in the olanzapine group(P 0.05),patients in olanzapine group has more signif icant effect on body weight than ziprasidone(P 0.05).Total clinical effective rates were 79.5%in olanzapine groups and 84.6%in zipresidone,without any signif icant difference between the two groups.Conclusion Both antipsychotics are good choice for treatment of schizophrenia,the differences in adverse reactions will help doctors make individual treatment decision accordingly.


Presently, from the world data available on interaction of laser radiation with metal and dielectric surfaces and development of experimental diagnostic techniques by itself it is possible to raise a reverse question, namely, restoration of laser radiation energy spatial distribution through surface imprint. With this in mind, we have made the detailed morphology of imprint of a pulse HF-laser interaction with carbon steel surface through atomic force microscope. Interaction of the radiation of a relatively short pulse of ArXe-laser ((tau) ½equals400 ns, (lambda) equals1,73 micrometers , Q ~ 20 J/cm+2)) with carbon steel surface of 40X (4140 (USA)) type besides the surface layer hardening leaded to decrease of steel hardness at below original value on depth of about 10 - 12 micrometers . This effect can be related to occurrence of deformation and thermal residual stresses in the subsurface layer. At multiple-pulse interaction (~500 pulses) of UV-laser focused radiation ((lambda) equals0,222 or 0,308 micrometers , (tau) ½equals 12 or 20 ns) with the steel 40X (4140 (USA)) surface a distinct interference imprint of laser beam is formed after diffraction at outer diaphragm being determined by its form.


Challenging market conditions in South Africa and around the globe confront us with unique remuneration challenges which demand innovation and the rethinking of cost saving strategies to limit less desirable options such as retrenchment, down-scaling and redundancy. The challenge is to create attraction and retention strategies that shield the bottom line and enhance the employee value proposition without increasing salary costs. Retention alone is an effective cost saving mechanism, but how do we ensure that the right talent stays with the organisation in an environment where every penny counts? Introducing flexibility to the remuneration package is an attractive and effective means of enhancing the employee value proposition and strengthening employee retention,without affecting the bottom line.


Results from viscosity measurements conducted both above and below the liquid-liquid phase transition of a series of molten oxide glasses are reported in order to analyze the effect of supercritical composition fluctuations on viscous flow, and to investigate the mechanisms of phase separation. Measurements of four oxide mixtures with similar high temperature structures and widely different critical temperatures, revealed an anomalous increase in viscosity at temperatures above the critical point. The anomalous increase occurs when large composition fluctuations characterizing the critical point are present. The effect is explained in terms of an interaction between viscous flow and the supercritical fluctuations through the structural relaxation process. An analysis of this interaction is presented.Measurements conducted at temperatures slightly below the critical point of one of these glasses indicate that the microstructure resulting from the phase separation is highly sensitive to the preceding heat-treatment. Phase separation by the formation of isolated spheres of the silica-rich component is identified a few degrees below the critical point. Further measurements of viscosity by a fibre elongation method, conducted far below the critical temperature, are reported in order to analyze the growth mechanisms occurring in the separated phases. In this case, the rearrangement stage of phase separation is characterized by a growing interconnected structure.


Abstract Physical measurements were made on the ζ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase from Rhodopseudomonassph eroides. These include a Stokes radius of 3.8 nm, determined by gel filtration, and sedimentation coefficient of 5.46 S by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. From these measurements and the value of partial specific volume of 0.732 ml/g determined from the amino acid composition, the following physical constants were calculated: molecular weight, 88000; diffusion coefficient, 5.65 × 10-7 cm2 s-1 ; frictional ratio, 1.30; axial ratio, 5.0. The enzyme is inhibited by more than 50% by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (1 mᴍ) , pyruvate (0 .02 ᴍ) , α-ketoglutarate (0.02 ᴍ) , urea (0 .8 ᴍ) , CoCl2 (0.2 mᴍ) and hemin (5 µᴍ). The effect of these inhibitors on the possible regulation of this enzymic activity is discussed.


Ecological-faunistical data on gamasoid mites have lately attracted attention as regards the distribution of the mites. As a rule, they are the results obtained only from very small or larger localities. The data concerning. large territorial sections over which the gamasoid mites are distributed and elucidating the routes and causes of this distribution, are scarce. Of interest is the vertical but primarily the horizontal spread which often occurs over long distances from their original habitats to differ ent geographical regions. Such a distribution of gamasoid mites depends on the ex change of the original host or pbylogenetically distant hosts. This fact indicates that the distribution of gamasoid mites associated with small mammals as their hosts depends on great adaptive changes. Primarily they are the climatical or microclima tical changes and changes of host species. In this brief contribution I would like to point out some new results concerning the distribution of some mite species of montane type in Europe. One such species is Laelaps .clethrionomydis, first found in the Soviet Union, occurring in different regions of the taiga zone where it has adapted itself to various host species. Gon charova ( 1956) reports examples of findings in the East-Siberian region where this mite is parasitizing Microt~s .gre.galis. In places where this host is missing, the mite has adapted itself to Microtus .ungure.nsis. In the Ala Tau region beyond the river IIi it parasitizes mainly Cleth.rionomys .frate,r. (Bibikova, 1956). In the taiga zone be tween the Kola Peninsula across Siberia to southern Primorye region its main host is Clethri.onomys .r~Jfocnnus. In the taiga region of the European part of the Soviet Union where C. rufocanus is missing, the mite has adapted itself to C. glare.olus. In the forest zones of Central Europe it is distributed along with its host C. gla reolus. Its more abundant occurrence has been almost always recorded in the moun tain or high altitude regions (the High Tatras, Belanske Tatras, Western Tatras, the Polish section of the High Tatras, Low Tatras, Spi5ska Magura, Bahia Gora, Besky dy, Jeseniky, Krkonose, Sumava Mountains). lfhis fact indicates that L. clethriono mydis .bas preserved its affinity to the fauna of boreo-montane type. The results of our studies in the Kamniske Alps (Yugoslavia) indicate that the southern parts of the Alps where a single specimen (1 female) was found mark the distribution bound ary of this species in the south. However, our further studies conducted in the Julian Alps and in many mountain regions of the Dinaric Alps as well as in the Pirin moun


The present study was designed to confirm the differential f atiguability between the one and two-joint muscles by the frequency analysis of the EMG activities of each pair of elbow flexors (M. biceps brachii and M. brachioradialis), knee extensors (M. rectus femoris, M. vastus medialis, and M. vastus lateralis), and ankle extensors (M. gastrocnemius and M. soleus). The results are summarized as follows :(1) The lowering in the frequency spectra was indicated to almost the same degree between the biceps brachii and the brachioradialis.(2) Any remarkable difference could not be detected between the lowering in the frequency spectra of the rectus femoris and those of the synergisticarlly operating one-joint muscles.(3) When the above results were obtained, it was confirmed that the total EMG activities of the two-joint muscles tested were never smaller than those of the synergistically operating one-joint muscles.(4) The lowering in the spectra was much more marked in the gastrocnemius than in the soleus, whereas there was little difference in the contraction level between the gastrocnemius and the soleus.(5) It was concluded that the deep one-joint muscle was difficult to fatigue as compared with the synergistically operating superficial two-joint muscle, and that there were little significant differences in the fatiguability of the superficial one and two-joint musles.


The interaction of trichlorotris(tetrahydrofuran)molybdenum(III), MoCl3(C4H8O)3, with trimethylphosphine in ether or tetrahydrofuran gives trichlorotris(trimethylphosphine)molybdenum(III). This has been shown to react with sodium borohydride to yield MoH(BH4)(PMe3)4, whose structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm with a= 12.572(5), b= 12.405(5), c= 14.433(6)A, and Z= 4 for Dc= 1.23 g cm–3. The final R factor was 0.048 based on 1 078 independent observed reflections. In the crystal the molecules lies at the intersection of two mirror planes, with the hydride, the molybdenum atom, and the boron atom of the bidentate BH4 group lying precisely on the intersection. Hydrogen-1 and 31P n.m.r. spectra for the complex are also briefly reported.


As children play, themes, or consistent patterns, emerge. Often times, children play out themes related to current psychosocial or developmental struggles. This article examines the most common themes illustrated throughout children's play within a clinical setting. Additionally, case illustrations are interspersed throughout the article to illustrate the importance of family counselors identifying themes and integrating the working knowledge as an ancillary to the counseling session.


This article contributes to the sociological and demographic debate on the development of fertility patterns in contemporary U.S. society. Most industrialized societies are increasingly experiencing low fertility rates, which will amount to a considerable socio-economic challenge in coming decades. In contrast, the U.S. currently has a fertility rate close to replenishment level, which would enhance a stable population growth over the long term. Based on a review of relevant academic literature, this article describes this trend, focusing in particular on the impact of Hispanic immigration into the United States. Due to its high level and notable public profile, Hispanic immigration is of central importance to current debates on U.S. fertility patterns. In the first part of the article, we describe its impact on fertility patterns in socio-economic and demographic terms. In the second part of the article, we expand this perspective with an exploration of the cultural context of intimate relationships, sexuality, and reproductive choices among Mexican immigrants. Specifically, we focus on the impact of the migration experience and of changes in cultural models of intimate life in Mexico on Mexican immigrants' sexual and reproductive behavior. These cultural factors are commonly neglected in debates on the relationship between fertility patterns and immigration, and we use our argument to highlight their importance as a base for future debate. Overall, the present analysis underscores the way in which long term reproductive patterns of Hispanics in the U.S. are highly dependent upon the dynamic interaction between cultural patterns of reproduction, desired family schemas and the socio-economic prospects of Hispanic groups in America and in their respective countries of origin in Latin America.


This paper describes in detail a specific instance of the use of the issues-directed or in-context approach to chemistry instruction at the introductory level for collegiate non-majors. The issue examined is waste treatment. This issue is used as a context within which to teach chemical reactions. The paper examines how waste treatment is organized and approached in order to optimize the coverage of chemical reaction types. It also details the content and scope of the coverage of chemical reactions. Many modern applications of chemistry in the field of waste treatment are discussed.


The SPIN-ECO Project has analysed the environmental sustainability of the Province of Siena (Italy). A set of different methodologies has been applied to better check the state of the environment. This work discusses the calculation of the Ecological Footprint and the biocapacity, that has enabled us to acquire a deeper understanding of the state of the environment. The Ecological Footprint is an indicator of environmental sustainability, proposed by Wackernagel and Rees in 1996 [l], that evaluates the global surface of productive ecosystems necessary to sustain the consumption of goods and resources and to absorb the emissions made by a population. This indicator provides information on the use and consumption of natural services and can be compared with the measure of local biocapacity, which evaluates the entity of natural services that the local ecosystems are able to produce. Thanks to these two indicators it is possible to make out an ecological balance-sheet for the region and estimate the ecological deficit/surplus. In order to make the analysis more helpful in addressing local policies and actions towards a greater sustainability, the evaluation of the Ecological Footprint and biocapacity has also been applied to each of the various municipalities of the Province of Siena. In this way it has been possible to identify and to stress, for each municipality, the cases of best practices and those of greater environmental weakness, and to provide information on the environmental impact of the different sectors of public administration and of citizens' consumption. Transactions on Ecology and the Environment vol 63, © 2003 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541


A theoretical analysis is presented for a novel high power microwave/millimeter wave amplifier (herein called CEBA) that requires no radio frequency (RF) circuit structure. The electron beam is treated as an active dielectric serving the dual purpose of slow-wave circuit and amplification source. Amplification is obtained when beam-wave synchronism is met. The attractive features of low voltage, low magnetic field, wide frequency band-width, and low cost make the CEBA attractive for use as a lightweight inexpensive millimeter (mm) wave amplifier for air-borne and tactical applications.


In 2010, the reported incidence of tuberculosis in the world at 8.8 million and 1.1 million deaths from TB with HIV-negative and 0.35 million TB patient with HIV-positive. This study aims to know the factors associated to the nutritional status of TB patients who treat at Public Lung Health Centre of Makassar. This study using observation method with cross sectional study design study. The population in this study were patients with tuberculosis for the first time in BBKPM treatment. The sample of this study was 58 patient, with a purposive sampling method. The data analysis was univariate and bivariate with chi-square test. The result of study with bivariate analysis shows that comorbidities (p = 0.009) associated with the nutritional status of TB patients, whereas education (p = 0.55), employment (p = 0.58), energy intake (p = 0.35), carbohydrate intake (p = 0:28), protein intake (p = 0.58), fat intake (p = 0.40), the frequency of eating (p = 0:24), and hemoglobin (p = 0.26) was not associated with the nutritional status of TB patients whereas years lived with disability (YLD) of TB patient is 3.20 years. The conclusion of this study that there is a relationship between comorbidities and nutritional status of TB patients seeking treatment in Makassar BBKPM 2013.


................................................................................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER I: Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 2 Background ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Problem Statement ............................................................................................................................. 3 Purpose of the Research ..................................................................................................................... 3 Overall Aim .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Objectives ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter II: Literature Review .................................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Health care structure and hospital pharmacy in South Africa ...................................................... 5 2.2 Clinical pharmacy in the United States and other high-income countries ................................... 6 2.3 The value of the clinical pharmacist ............................................................................................. 8 2.4 Clinical pharmacy in lowand middle-income countries .............................................................. 9 2.5 Clinical pharmacy in South Africa ............................................................................................... 11 2.6 Clinical pharmacist training in highand low-income countries ................................................. 12 2.7 The Basel Statements .................................................................................................................. 14 2.8 The hospital pharmacist's perspective on clinical pharmacy ..................................................... 16 2.9 Theoretical Framework: The need for a pharmaceutical care system ....................................... 17 Chapter III: Methods ............................................................................................................................. 19 3.1 Study Design ................................................................................................................................ 19 3.2 Phase 1: Qualitative Study .......................................................................................................... 19 3.2.1 Target Population ................................................................................................................ 19 3.2.2 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria ............................................................................................ 20 3.2.3 Selection of the Study Population ........................................................................................ 20


Improved management practices are vitally needed. One powerful management tool is systems analysis, by which mathematical optimization techniques are employed to effect rational tradeoffs between competing demands for water use. Systems analysis, before it can be employed comprehensively, demands a knowledge of the functional value of irrigation, flood control, municipal water supply, and so on. Little is known of the economic implications of low flow augmentation, one of the important water-use categories. Beginning with the premise that the value of low flow augmentation is measured by sewage treatment costs avoided, a hydrologic flow simulator and a water quality linear programming model were interfaced to develop a procedure for determining a lower bound on the value of augmentation. This generalized approach can be applied by others to their specific water pollution control situations.


In order to investigate the structure-activity relationships of the stereoisomers of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, captopril and its derivatives were selected as model compounds. In vitro enzymatic activities of them depend on the symmetry at the asymmetric carbons. Especially, the alanyl carbon should have the S configuration to be biologically active. But the demethylated captopril having the achiral carbon also shows the activity although it is less active than captopril. Seven stereoisomers of captopril and its derivatives were chosen and their acidic and ionic forms were used for molecular dynamics simulations. Four computer simulations were practiced for each model compound in order to obtain the good condition for simulation to explain the experimental structure-activity relationships. From the computer simulation results, relativistic movements of three well-known pharmacophoric sites, carboxylate carbon, carbonyl oxygen, and sulfur atoms, were analyzed. Good results were obtained from the aqueous solution molecular dynamics simulation with ionic forms of model compounds. Active model compounds have the pharmacophoric areas of 6.08 to 6.38 Ų and the similarity in the geometrical data. But inactive ones have the largely deviated values of 4.51 to 4.87Ų from those of active ones.


This communication describes a simple, rapid and cost effective method of embedding a conductive and flexible material within microfluidic devices as a means to realize uniform electric fields within cellular microenvironments. Fluidic channels and electrodes are fabricated by traditional soft-lithography in conjunction with chemical etching of PDMS. Devices can be deformable (thus allowing for a combination of electro-mechanical stimulation), they are made from inexpensive materials and easily assembled by hand; this method is thus accessible to a wide range of laboratories and budgets.


The effect of irrigation intervals on the quality and storage performance of strawberry fruit was investigated at district Charsadda during the vegetation period 2010/2011.The strawberry (cv. 'Chandler') fruits, harvested from plots irrigated at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 days interval were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics immediately at harvest and after 8 days storage at 5±2°C and 90% relative humidity (RH) in perforated plastic packages. Irrigation intervals significantly affected the fruit quality and storage performance. The maximum fresh fruit weight (11.84 g), moisture content (86.35%) and ascorbic acid content (58.67 mg/100g), recorded with 4 days irrigation interval. Such features declined with increasing irrigation intervals to 14 days to the minimum fruit weight (7.91 g), moisture content (80.04%) and ascorbic acid (38.15 mg/100 g). By contrast, reducing sugars (6.31%), non-reducing sugar (2.01%), total sugars (8.32%), and titratable acidity (1.51%) were highest with 8 days irrigation interval and the highest total soluble solids (9.04%) and organoleptic quality score (8.00) were recorded with 10 days irrigation interval. The storage performance as determined by disease incidence, marketable fruits and shelf life revealed that disease incidence was not significantly affected by irrigation interval and storage but the maximum marketable fruits (95.25%) and shelf life (9.00 days) were recorded with 10 days irrigation interval. The interaction of irrigation interval and storage also significantly affected the fruit quality. The highest (7.26%) reducing sugars was recorded with the interaction of 12 days irrigation interval and 8 days storage, followed by 7.08% with the difference being non-significant recorded with the interaction of 10 days irrigation interval and 8 days storage, the highest TSS (9.37%) and total sugars (8.79%) were recorded with 10 days irrigation interval and 8 days storage. It can be concluded that while 4 days irrigation interval may be optimum for fresh fruit consumption, irrigation interval of 10 days is appropriate for retaining quality during storage or distant marketing.


Traditional techniques of linear economy generate a lot of waste, which leads to unsustainable practices in the supply chain management. This chapter analyses the impact of circular economic system practices on company overall performance for a circular supply chain and explores the mediating position the technologically driven supply chain plays inside these relationships in the healthcare sector in reference to UAE. UAE and the 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development Excellence in Implementation 2017 report suggests that UAE raises cognizance of, and integrates, sustainability standards into its agenda to promote sustainable lifestyles. Since most products in UAE are imported, the supply chain is lengthy and fragmented, making procurement expensive. Hence, an innovative technology-driven green supply chain can be an effective solution for both cost and waste reduction.


This study discussed a set of dinosaur footprint-bearing strata near Nanguzhai village of Donghai County,Jiangsu Province and their geological age. It is suggested that the strata should be assigned to the Dasheng group,rather than the Qingshan group or Mengtuan Formation,and they are of a late Early Cretaceous age. The discovery of many dinosaur footprint fossils from Nanguzhai village of Donghai County not only changes our traditional knowledge of no dinosaur fossils unearthed from Jiangsu Province,but also adds new tourism resources to Donghai County.


This study is concerned with the nonlinear interactions between pairs of intersecting Alfven waves in a magnetized plasma and used the modified Korteweg–de Vries equation to study nonlinear interactions. The modulation instability analysis shows the existence of periodic traveling wave solution in the system. Two different types of waves interaction solutions, namely, the periodic wave interaction solutions and the solitary wave interaction ones, are captured analytically. It is found that the wave resonance for the periodic waves interaction could happen as various wave numbers are nearly the same. In this case, the subsidiary waves could not be neglected. It is also found that the interaction for solitary waves, different solitons eventually regain their original states. The solitons with higher energy possess more speed as compared to the low energy solitons. The phenomenon of Alfven wave interaction can be of importance for understanding the transport mechanism of magnetic waves in various processes of heating and transport of energy in space, solar wind, and astrophysical plasma.


Abstract : The current Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Intelligence Group (SRIG) organization requires changes in command relationships, educational indoctrination, and structure in order to provide a quality service to the Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander. This paper examines the origins of the SRIG from its rocky beginnings to the present day. Issues involving doctrine, command relationships, and education are identified and discussed.


Objective: To investigate the volatile constituents from the buds and flowers of Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl.in Henan province.Methods: The volatile constituents from the buds and flowers of Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl.in Henan province were analyzed by head-space solid micro-extraction,coupled with GC-MS for the first time.Results: 48 compounds were identified from the buds of Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl,and 45 compounds from the flowers.19 compounds were owned in both samples.Conclusion: Most of alcohol were detected in the buds,and higher content of esters were found in flowers,so it illuminates that alcohols may convert to esters by hydrolase during the buds blooming.


Metleghemoglobin reductases from nodules of yellow and blue lupines and garden pea were obtained in homogeneous state, some of their properties were studied. Presence of two isoforms of enzyme in nodules of both lupine species was shown. The comparison of properties of studied metleghemoglobin reductases from different legume plants was made. Possible mechanisms of their functioning in nodules are discussing.


Longevity of a breeding female is influenced by a wide variety of factors, one of which is the nutritional management of the female throughout her productive life. In modern pork production, the female becomes a part of the breeding herd at birth. Hopefully, several reproductive cycles follow before her removal from the breeding herd. A sound feeding program focuses nutrition throughout the whole life span of the female and does not consider any one phase of growth or reproduction significantly more important than others.


Iron deficiency has been shown to negatively impact physical performance in laboratory‐based tests; however, little is known about its effects on free‐living physical activity. To test whether consuming iron‐biofortified beans reduces discretionary time spent in sedentary activity (MET=1), accelerometry data were collected in 111 Rwandese university women before and after a 20‐week iron‐biofortification feeding trial. From six‐day accelerometry data, we analyzed weekend values when participants had discretionary time. Metabolic equivalents (METs) were calculated with Crouter's refined 2‐regression model, and nonwear time was defined as vector magnitude = 0 for 60 consecutive minutes. Mixed effects models analyzing change in activity as the dependent variable were used to analyze the effect of consuming iron‐biofortified beans on time spent in different levels of physical activity. Women in both iron‐biofortified and control bean groups increased time spent in sedentary activity; however, those who consumed iron‐biofortified beans increased 102 min compared to 201 minutes in women who consumed the control bean (p=0.04). Change in hemoglobin from baseline to endline significantly predicted minutes spent in sedentary activity (estimate: ‐7.34 min per g/L Hb; p=0.04). The increase in discretionary sedentary activity between baseline and endline (both groups) may have been influenced by the nature and intensity of academic activities during the two periods; however, the effect of biofortification reducing time spent in sedentary activity is evident. Funded by HarvestPlus.


A path-tracking intelligent optimizating for the so called LHD (load-haul-dump) units used in underground mining is proposed in this paper.It establishes the machine hand model system for manipulator of this vehicle. Find the minimum energy consumption track. But the actual working track of the bucket is different from the ideal track in the actual work condition. So this paper exploits the measure of intellectual resistance minishing inserting and shoveling to optimize the spading track based on the the minimum energy consumption track. The results show that the system consumes energy smaller and the performance of the system is improved effectively.


Autonomous algorithms can improve the processing of aftershock sequences, for example by reducing the analyst workload. We present a system for automatic detection and location of aftershocks in a specific region following a large earthquake. The system seeks to identify all signals generated by seismic events in the target region, while passing over signals generated by sources in all other regions. For a given station, we can generate a sensitive empirical matched field (EMF) detector for the target region using only an empirical template from the mainshock signal. These EMF detectors perform much better on seismic arrays than on 3-component stations. For each selected station in the network, a multivariate detector combines the EMF detector with an optimized continuous AR-AIC detector to generate a target-optimized detection list. For arrays, an additional continuous calibrated f-k process reliably screens out likely signals from other sources. A region-specific phase association algorithm takes the screened detection lists from each station and generates a preliminary aftershock bulletin. We have processed aftershock sequences from four major earthquakes: the Tohoku event in 2011 (Japan), the Illapel event in 2015 (Chile), the Papua New Guinea event in 2018 and the Gorkha event in 2015 (Nepal).


The Nedd4 family contains several structurally related but functionally distinct HECT-type ubiquitin ligases. The members of the Nedd4 family are known to recognize substrates through their multiple WW domains, which recognize PY motifs (PPxY, LPxY) or phospho-threonine or phospho-serine residues. To better understand substrate specificity across the Nedd4 family, we report the development and implementation of a python-based tool, PxYFinder, to identify PY motifs in the primary sequences of previously identified interactors of Nedd4 and related ligases. Using PxYFinder, we find that, on average, half of Nedd4 family interactions are PY-motif mediated. Further, we find that PPxY motifs are more prevalent than LPxY motifs and are more likely to occur in proline-rich regions. Further, PPxY regions are more disordered on average relative to LPxY-containing regions. Informed by consensus sequences for PY motifs across the Nedd4 interactome, we rationally designed a peptide library and employed a computational screen, revealing sequence- and biomolecular interaction-dependent determinants of WW-domain/PY-motif interactions. Cumulatively, our efforts provide a new bioinformatic tool and expand our understanding of sequence and structural factors that contribute to PY-motif mediated substrate recognition across the Nedd4 family.


A set of standard mould base library of injection mould for plastics including the modeling,assembly and drafting was established based on Windows XP and UG platform,and Microsoft Visual Studio.NET was used as the redevelopment environment.The establishment method was discussed and feasible solutions to the problems were presented in course of the redevelopment.


This work focused on the high pressure PCT and in situ neutron powder diffraction studies of the LaMg 2 Ni 9 -H 2 (D 2 ) system at pressures up to 1,000 bar. LaMg 2 Ni 9 alloy was prepared by a powder metallurgy route from the LaNi 9 alloy precursor and Mg powder. Two La 3−x Mg x Ni 9 samples with slightly different La/Mg ratios were studied, La 1.1 Mg 1.9 Ni 9 (sample 1) and La 0.9 Mg 2.1 Ni 9 (sample 2). In situ neutron powder diffraction studies of the La 1.09 Mg 1.91 Ni 9 D 9.5 (1) and La 0.91 Mg 2.09 Ni 9 D 9.4 (2) deuterides were performed at 25 bar D 2 (1) and 918 bar D 2 (2). The hydrogenation properties of the (1) and (2) are dramatically different from those for LaNi 3 . The Mg-containing intermetallics reversibly form hydrides with DH des = 24.0 kJ/mol H2 and an equilibrium pressure of H 2 desorption of 18 bar at 20 °C (La 1.09 Mg 1.91 Ni 9 ). A pronounced hysteresis of H 2 absorption and desorption, ~100 bar, is observed. The studies showed that LaNi 5 -assisted hydrogenation of MgNi 2 in the LaMg 2 Ni 9 hybrid structure takes place. In the La 1.09 Mg 1.91 Ni 9 D 9.5 (1) and La 0.91 Mg 2.09 Ni 9 D 9.4 (2) (a = 5.263/5.212; c = 25.803/25.71 A) D atoms are accommodated in both Laves and CaCu 5 -type slabs. In the LaNi 5 CaCu 5 -type layer, D atoms fill three types of interstices; a deformed octahedron [La 2 Ni 4 ], and [La(Mg) 2 Ni 2 ] and [Ni 4 ] tetrahedra. The overall chemical compositions can be presented as LaNi 5 H 5.6/5.0 + 2*MgNi 2 H 1.95/2.2 showing that the hydrogenation of the MgNi 2 slab proceeds at mild H 2 /D 2 pressure of just 20 bar. A partial filling by D of the four types of the tetrahedral interstices in the MgNi 2 slab takes place, including [MgNi 3 ] and [Mg 2 Ni 2 ] tetrahedra.


The controversy surrounding the issues of immigration policy regarding foreign medical graduates (FMGs) has tended to diminish attention to other important aspects of physicians' migration to the United States-aspects related to their professional integration and to their personal, familial, and psychosocial adaptation. This report concerns a sample of 50 physicians from Latin America who determined to remain in the United States after postgraduate training. The professional, economic, and familial factors that led to their decision to remain in the United States to practice is discussed.


on the cover. The 12 stories that were used in the study are: "The Night the Ghost Got In," by James Thurber; "The Fog Horn," by Ray Bradbury; "For the Love of a Man," by Jack London; "Her First Ball," by Katherine Mansfield; "Road to the Isles," by Jessamyn West; "Pony Penning Day," by Marguerite Henry; "The Second Rater," by Herbert Hagedon; "War," by Jack London; "Bauman's Tale," by Theodore Roosevelt; "The Ambitious Guest," by Nathaniel Hawthorne; "The Outcasts of Poker Flat," by Bret Harte; and "The Man and the Snake," by Ambrose Bierce. One of the authors met with each student individually to determine reading interests. They were instructed to thumb through the booklets, read the titles and abstracts, and select the one story they would most like to read and the one story they would least like to read. At group sessions which were held about a week later, students were asked to read the stories they had selected. Order effects were controlled by having half the students read the high interest stories at the first session and low interest stories at the second session and reversing the order for the other students. The reading was immediately followed by the administration of a cloze test especially prepared for each selection. A passage of approximately 250 words was extracted from the middle of each story and every fifth BELLONI & JONGSMA: The Effects of Interest 107 This content downloaded from 22.214.171.124 on Wed, 25 May 2016 06:43:32 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Table 1 Cloze Test Means and Standard Deviations Based on High Interest and Low Interest Passages High Interest Passage Low Interest Passage Mean Standard Deviation Mean Standard Deviation Boys 19.40 6.53 15.90 5.85 Girls 19.64 4.25 15.40 6.59 Total 19.53 5.38 15.63 6.19


The method of calculating the energy distribution of electrons selected electrostatically, presented in Part I, has been used to calculate the distribution profiles for principal electrostatic spectrometers: toroidal, cylindrical 127° and spherical 180° spectrometers, parallel plate and cylindrical mirrors. The calculations have been performed as a function of the most important geometrical parameters of the spectrometers: the slit width and the angular aperture. They have been made in a generalized form by expressing these geometrical parameters as a function of the main dimension of each apparatus: main radius in the case of toroidal-type spectrometers, distance between the slits in the case of mirrors. In this way results presented may be extended to spectrometers of any size. Similarly as calculations have been performed for a nominal energy of the electron beam of 1 eV, the energy scale may be considered as arbitrary and it suffices to multiply it by the nominal energy of interest. For each type of s...


A compressed small width square in shape aerial with fractal characteristics that exhibits minimal delay, cost and better speed with wide band characteristics is modeled. Minkowski fractal is taken as initiator and iterations are done. Patch size taken is 30*40 mm2, Simulation analysis has been done with software named CST Microwave studio. Substrate material used for fabrication is easily available FR-4 (εr =4.4) with 1.59 mm as thickness of sheet. Resonant frequency obtained is 2.3 GHz and from 7.9 GHz to 14.88 GHz. Aerial finds application in WiFi, X and initial K band.


I was interested to read Nancy Bell's letter about experienced grade E nurses ending up languishing at the top of band five under Agenda for Change (letters December 13).


A primiparous group of mothers was compared to a multiparous group in terms of their ability to accurately recognise isolated physical features of their newborns within 48 hours of birth. An "album" was constructed consisting of 6 pages, each with 5 slots marked A-E exposing a feature (1 feature per page) from photographs beneath. Of the 5 features presented, 4 were from unfamiliar babies and the fifth from the mother's own baby. Mothers were presented with this album and asked to select which of the slots showed their baby's feature. No difference was found between the two groups in their recognition performance. Overall, hairline-forehead was the only feature to be recognised more than expected by chance (p≤0.002) and it was accurately recognised significantly more than any other feature, except for the eyes where the difference only approached significance.


With the intensification of the process of globalization and social progress,a large number of modular high-rise building will be gradually replaced by the new urban residential area.New urbanism emphasizes individual connection with the city and the development mode of high-rise residential buildings,which is closely identified with the social progress.This kind of urban residential complex is created to meet people's needs of the city resource and took the relationship between living space and public space,individuality and groupment,functionality and sustainability into fully consideration. These ideas should be learnt in the process of urbanization in China.


A study of how a small state reacts to sanctions and the difficulties it encounters in applying them. The interplay of external and internal forces in Greece's implementation of such a policy during the Italian-Ethiopian crisis of 1935-1936, and especially the role of the military, is examined through hitherto unpublished archival sources.


Objective: To investigate the variance and significance of expression of P53 and PCNA proteins in recurrent glioblastoma after gamma knife treatment.Methods: The expression of P53 protein and PCNA proteins in the primary and recurrent glioblastoma tissues of 29 recurrent glioblastoma patients(there are 12 patients in the gamma knife treatment group and 17 patients in the non-gamma knife treatment group)was detected by immunohistochemical staining.Results: There was no significant difference in patient's gender,age,tumor site and size between two group while the recurrent time had significant difference;In gamma knife treatment group,the expression of P53 protein and PCNA proteins decreased,while ascended in non-gamma knife treatment group(gamma knife treatment group: P53,t=3.915,P=0.020.05;PCNA,t=2.962,P=0.0130.05.non-gamma knife treatment group: P53,t=-5.926,P=0.0000.05;PCNA,t=-5.160,P=0.0000.05).The variance of expression of P53 and PCNA proteins had significant difference between two groups(P53,t=-5.577,P=0.0000.05.PCNA,t=-5.542,P=0.0000.05).The expression of P53 protein and PCNA protein had no visible dependability in two group(gamma knife treatment group,r=-0.085,P=0.7920.05.non-gamma knife treatment group,r=0.450,P=0.070.05).Conclusion: The abnormal expression of P53 and PCNA proteins was relevant with recurrent glioblastoma.The expression of P53 protein and PCNA protein was inhibited in glioblastoma after gamma knife treatment.


This study aims to: 1) Describe the process of developing interactive comic media social studies learning material Natural environment and artificial environment based on contextual teaching and learning (CTL) in the form of video and duration of approximately 6 minutes. 2) produce interactive comic learning media products on social studies learning on natural and artificial environments in third grade elementary school students. In developing interactive comic media, researchers used the Sugiyono method, researchers developed procedures according to the needs of the use of interactive comic media which included: 1) Potential and problems, 2) Data collection, 3) Product design, 4) Design validation, 5) Design revision, 6 ) initial field trials, 7) Field trials, 8) Product revisions, and 9) Final products. The results showed that the development stage was based on the Sugiyono method. Data research techniques were carried out by analyzing quantitative data obtained from material expert questionnaires, media expert questionnaires, teacher questionnaires and student response questionnaires. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the feasibility of interactive comic media is in the proper category with an average of 98.2% of the material experts and an average of 94.2% of the media experts while the teachers get an average score of 97.9%. Student responses to interactive comic media in limited field trials with 10 students gained 95% with a valid category and extensive field trials with 34 students received an average score of 90%.


This paper is a close analysis of some poems written by E.E. Cummings. His intense interest in a variety of art forms found expression in the poetry and prose created by him. He was unique because he blended the lyrical with the satirical in his poetry. His purpose was to create a unity in the modern world which transcends materialism, politics and perceived notions. Cummings is the true American tradition of the individualist broke many traditional concepts in children, love and marriage; unpoeple in society and individualists in American society. He wrote for discerning people who could appreciate his technique and see that he loved America greatly even though he criticised the American way of life. This criticism has given us vignettes of various aspects of American society. Cummings' poems are peopled with wide spectrum of people in which the individualist is contracted and shown to be superior to mostpeople, which was his term for the large majority of Americans, who surrender their individuality at the altar of progress and unthinkingly conform to the conventions of society. Cummings divides people into two categories. They are either individualists or mostpeople, who some are referred to as unpeople. These two categories include both children and adults. Cummings, through his poems on individualism, feels that children are individualists, who as a result of adult influence become mostpeople as they grow up. Thus, Cummings' poems portray the very soul of America – the landscape and the mindscape of the Americans in all its splendour.


Current technology cannot be separated from the energy source used. For example, almost all motorized vehicles in developed or developing countries use fuel oil (BBM). Currently, the fuel oil source is getting depleted, so another energy is needed as new alternative energy to reduce the energy crisis, which aims to make the oil energy in this world last for a long time and not run out. Therefore, to minimize the use of BBM, another alternative is needed to reduce the use of BBM or petroleum. The option is a bicycle using an electric bicycle or called an electric bicycle. An electric bike is a vehicle without fuel driven by a dynamo and an accumulator, divided into two types of currents, namely DC and AC. However, in mass use in Indonesia, the circulating electric motor is a DC type. Electric bikes can be said to be a very efficient alternative means of transportation. In Indonesia, electric bikes are very suitable because, in tropical Indonesia, they are very suitable as a means of sport. Electric bikes also do not cause pollution, are not noisy, do not require special permits, do not require a large parking area, and maintenance costs are even lower than motorized vehicles or other transportation means.


We introduce M3-AUDIODEC, an innovative neural spatial audio codec designed for efficient compression of multi-channel (binaural) speech in both single and multi-speaker scenarios, while retaining the spatial location information of each speaker. This model boasts versatility, allowing configuration and training tailored to a predetermined set of multi-channel, multi-speaker, and multi-spatial overlapping speech conditions. Key contributions are as follows: 1) Previous neural codecs are extended from single to multi-channel audios. 2) The ability of our proposed model to compress and decode for overlapping speech. 3) A groundbreaking architecture that compresses speech content and spatial cues separately, ensuring the preservation of each speaker's spatial context after decoding. 4) M3-AUDIODEC's proficiency in reducing the bandwidth for compressing two-channel speech by 48% when compared to individual binaural channel compression. Impressively, at a 12.6 kbps operation, it outperforms Opus at 24 kbps and AUDIODEC at 24 kbps by 37% and 52%, respectively. In our assessment, we employed speech enhancement and room acoustic metrics to ascertain the accuracy of clean speech and spatial cue estimates from M3-AUDIODEC. Audio demonstrations and source code are available online at https://github.com/anton-jeran/MULTI-AUDIODEC .


This paper describes a novel Electric Vehicle (EV) charging management system which was designed to control the EV load considering simultaneously the EV owners requirements and the electrical network technical limitations. The system was developed to be integrated with existing commercial equipment for smart grids, such as distribution transformer controllers, SCADA systems and Electrical Vehicles Charging Stations. The performance of the smart charging system was evaluated using a typical Portuguese low voltage network as test case, where several EV were assumed to exist. The results obtained prove the effectiveness of the system, as it allowed charging all the EV according to their owners' preferences without increasing the network peak load or creating voltages or overload problems.


Quantum discord was proposed as an information theoretic measure of the "quantumness" of correlations. I show that discord determines the difference between the efficiency of quantum and classical Maxwell's demons – that is, entities that can or cannot measure nonlocal observables or carry out conditional quantum operations – in extracting work from collections of correlated quantum systems. Demons Maxwell's demon was introduced to explore the role of information and, more generally, to investigate the place of "intelligent observers" in physics. In modern discussions of the subject "intelligence" is often regarded as predicated upon or even synonymous with the information processing ability – with computing. Thus, Maxwell's demon is frequently modeled by a Turing machine – a classical computer – endowed with the ability to measure and act depending on the outcome. The role of a demon is to implement an appropriate conditional dynamics – to react to the state of the system as revealed through its correlation with the state of the apparatus. It is now known that quantum logic – i.e., logic employed by quantum computers – is in some applications more powerful than its classical counterpart. It is therefore intriguing to enquire whether a quantum demon – an entity that can measure non-local states and implement quantum conditional operations – could be more efficient than a classical one. I show that quantum demons can extract more work than classical demons from correlations between quantum systems, and that the difference is given by the quantum discord, a recently introduced3−5 measure of the "quantumness" of correlations. Maxwell's demon sets up a useful conceptual framework that provides an operational interpretation of discord. The role played by the quantum demon – carrying out conditional quantum operations on pairs of systems – could be also fulfilled the classical device that can outright measure non-local quantum observables. This is especially apparent in section IV where we alternate between the quantum and classical demon on one hand, and Alice and Bob on the other. The real point of employing demons is to draw attention to the thermodynamic (and information theoretic) costs of various operations and – in a sense – to hold Alice and Bob accountable for their thermodynamic expenditures which are usually simply ignored. Discord Quantum discord3−5 is the difference between two classically identical formulae that measure the information content of a pair of quantum systems. Several closely related variants can be obtained starting from the original definition given in terms of mutual information. Mutual information quantifies the strength of correlations between, say, the apparatus A and the system S: I(S : A) = H(S) +H(A)−H(S,A) (1) It measures the difference between the missing information about the two objects when they are taken separately, H(S) +H(A), and jointly, H(S,A) (see Fig. 1). In the extreme case S and A may be identical – e.g., copies of the same book, or a state of the apparatus pointer A after a perfect but as yet unread measurement of S. Then the joint entropy H(S,A) is equal to H(A) = H(S), so I(S : A) = H(A). By contrast, when the two objects are not correlated, H(S,A) = H(S) +H(A), and I(S : A) = 0. The other formula for mutual information employs classical identity for joint entropy: H(S,A) = H(A) +H(S|A) = H(S) +H(A|S) (2) Above H(S|A) is the conditional entropy – e.g., the measure of the lack of information about the state of S given the state of A. Substituting this in Eq. (1) leads to an asymmetric looking formula for mutual information: JA(S : A) = H(S) +H(A)− [H(A) +H(S|A)] (3)


This work proposes PINSPOT; an open-access platform for collecting and sharing of context, algorithms and results in the cutting-edge area of indoor positioning. It is envisioned that this framework will become reference point for knowledge exchange which will bring the research community even closer and potentially enhance collaboration towards more effective and efficient creation of indoor positioning-related knowledge and innovation. Specifically, this platform facilitates the collection of sensor data useful for indoor positioning experimentation, the development of novel, self-learning, indoor positioning algorithms, as well as the enhancement and testing of existing ones and the dissemination and sharing of the proposed algorithms along with their configuration, the data used, and with their results.


Abstract The voice of disabled students in higher education (HE) has been widely explored in the global North but relatively little is known about the experiences of their counterparts in the global South. The paper attempts to address this lacuna by focusing on disabled students in HE in India. A part of the author's doctoral study in 2013–14 explored the lived experiences and aspirations of 29 students with a visual impairment using phenomenological methodology. Their access to courses and subsequently, career opportunities were found to be restricted by an interplay of systemic exclusion, lack of information, internalised oppression, pedagogy, and employment opportunities. While disability legislation in India focuses on widening participation in HE, the issue of access to courses for students with a visual impairment has received little attention. This paper emphasises the importance of facilitating their access to their desired courses in HE and to this end, provision of support in school. Points of interest This article highlights the experiences of students with a visual impairment regarding enrolling in different courses in higher education (HE) in India. The research found that four main factors prevented many students with a visual impairment from pursuing science-and mathematics-based courses in HE. These were i) exclusion from science and mathematics in early education, ii) inadequate support systems, iii) inaccessible teaching practices, and iv) limited work opportunities. Little or no support and motivation was available for them to study these subjects. The research recommended that HE authorities must recognise the ability of students with a visual impairment to learn visual-based subjects. It also highlighted the need to provide support for learning mathematics and science to these students in school so that they can study mathematics- and science-based courses in HE.


Developing global leadership in engineering is dependent upon getting students involved in international leadership experiences early in their college career. The Rising Sophomore Abroad Program (RSAP) was implemented at Virginia Tech's College of Engineering to provide a global experience and leadership program for engineering students in their first year with the intention of preparing them for an extended experience, whether it is an internship, study, or faculty lead program abroad. This paper describes some of the ways in which leadership skills and global awareness are developed in this course.


Summary Rajite was found at Lone Pine, New Mexico, by R. A. Jenkins. It occurs as small (1.5 mm) crystals in rhyolite with mackayite, and may be a pseudomorph after teineite. Analysis gave CuO 18.4, 15.3, 18.0; TeO2 73.7, 79.8, 79.1; rem. (respectively) 7.9, 2.4, 2.3. Some CaO in samples 2 and 3: 2.5, 0.6%. This gives CuTe2O5, identical to the artificial compound prepared by Moret et al. (1969). Easily soluble in dilute acids; readily fusible. Monoclinic P21/c with a = 6.866 Å, b = 9.314, c = 7.598, β = 109.1°. Strongest lines 3.064(10), 4.654(8), 3.348(8), 3.111(7), 2.744(7), 3.793(6B), 2.844(5), 2.796(5). With Z = 4, ρ calc = 5.77 g/cm3. Crystals Duesbury green (RHS-131D), H = 4, ρ meas = 5.75 g/cm3. Pleochroic in greens γ > β > α; α = 2.115, β = 2.135, ‖ [010], γ = 2.26, α:[001] 22° in obtuse β, 2V γ = 40°.


To prove that mitochondrial DNA damage is not total or partial, as has been found in the preliminary study, studies need to be done to determine the opportunity of successful use of the mitochondrial DNA mini-primer set in an amplicon product below 250 bp. This is important because it can overcome quality problems in degraded DNA, which will complicate the process of DNA forensic identification. This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. The study material was DNA from blood and sweat stains taken from abandoned bodies. Samples consisted of 24 pieces of blood and sweat spots. The measurements of mean DNA levels and sample purity used UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, revealing mean DNA in blood samples of 152.89 ± 85.71 µg/ml and sweat samples of 89.19 ± 5.58 µg/ml, and sample purity of DNA  and sweat were 1.89 ± 0.71 and 1.69 ± 0.76. Whereas, the result of D-Loop mtDNA: D-Loop I 143bp nt: 16268 -16410 and D-Loop HVS II 126bp nt: 34 -159, indicating blood spots were detected positively >95% and sweat was detected positively in 5%-20%. Results of DNA sequencing from mtDNA of blood spots and sweat spots in 126 bp and 143 bp amplicon revealed nucleotide damage marked with the letter 'N'. In conclusion, mini-primers of mitochondrial DNA in the amplification product mtDNA D-Loop HVS II 126 bp (nt 59-134) and D-Loop HVS I 143 bp (nt 16268-16410) were effectively used as support for DNA profiling in forensic medicine.


In this work-in-progress paper, novel recent results obtained in the field of advanced image processing in nuclear fusion plants are reported. In particular, a strategy based on the reconstruction of the runaway electrons beam allows to infer plasma characteristic parameters which allows for an advanced real-time monitoring of the nuclear fusion experiment. Preliminary results obtained at the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade allow to assess the validity of the approach and pave the way for successive refinement of the diagnostics.


The paper reviews research in progress at the TRRL that is relevant to the use of heavy commercial road vehicles. The three main aspects concern environmental problems and safety, and the effects of heavy vehicles on pavement performance and cost. On environment and safety the Paper discusses the noise levels of heavy vehicles, how they influence environmental noise depending upon the proportion of heavy vehicles in a traffic stream; and the present research concerned with freight movements and the routeing of heavy vehicles including their environmental effects. A programme of research and development is described that is intended to produce heavy vehicles quieter than many private cars. The exhaust emissions of diesel engines are compared with those of petrol engines and research concerned with the environmental nuisance of exhaust odors is mentioned. Some information is given about safety problems and accident rates in relation to heavy vehicles. On pavement performance and cost the authors discuss the growth in Britain of commercial road traffic both in relation to numbers and types of vehicles. Some information is given on the loading of commercial vehicles and of the types of such vehicles now in use on different classes of public road. /HSRI/


Stereoselective synthesis of Z, E, E- and E, Z, E-trienylesters was accomplished by the condensation reaction of E, E- and Z, E-dienylketone-tricarbonyliron complexes with lithium enolate of ethyl acetate and subsequent dehydration with thionyl chloride.


Numerous gas flow measurements have been made at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) Facility horizon from 1984 through 1986. Almost all tests have been constant-pressure or pressure-decay tests from single boreholes drilled in the underground excavations. Results indicate that beyond about 2 m from an excavation, both halite and interbeds (anhydrite and clay layers) allowed very low gas flows, and calculated permeabilities are below 1 microdarcy. In regions within 2 m of an excavation very high flow rates were measured in the interbeds immediately above and below an excavation when the test hole was drilled from near the center of the excavation. Further, measured flow rates increase with the width of the excavation. The halite also permits substantially greater gas flow within about 1 m of the excavations. Limited tracer measurements reveal that flow paths in both the halite and interbeds in the near field region are significantly larger than those in the presumed undisturbed condition. The gas flow measurements are consistent with the development of a (perhaps partially-saturated) dilatant zone (increased porosity) around the excavations. Considerable uncertainty is associated with permeabilities calculated from these flow measurements, due to unknowns of rock saturation, entry pressure effects, flow homogeneity, etc.


Parkinson Disease is a neurological disorder, which is one of the most painful, dangerous and noncurable diseases, which occurs at older ages. The Static Spiral Test, Dynamic Spiral Test and Stability Test on Certain Point records were used in the application which was developed for the diagnosis of this disease. These datasets were divided into 80-20% training and testing data respectively within the framework of 10-fold cross validation technique. Training data as the input data were sent to the Random Forest, Logistic Regression and Artificial Neural Networks classifier algorithms. After this step, performances of these classifier algorithms were evaluated on testing data. Also, new data analysis was carried out. According to the results obtained, Artificial Neural Networks is more successful than Random Forest and Logistic Regression algorithms in analysis of new data.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:High submuscular (HSM) placement of inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) reservoirs is a promising new FDA approved alternative to traditional space of Retzius (SOR) reserv...


The Fringe and Flexure Tracking System (FFTS) is meant to monitor and correct atmospheric piston varia tion and instrumental vibrations and flexure during near-infrared interferometric image acquisition of LING NIRVANA. In close work with the adaptive optics system the FFTS enables homothetic imaging for the Large Binocular Telescope. One of the main problems we had to face is the connection between the cryogenic upper part of the instrument, e.g. detector head, and the lower ambient temperature part. In this ambient temperature part the moving stages are situated that move the detector head in the given field of view (FOV). We show how we solved this problem using the versatile material glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP's) and report in what way this material can be worked. We discuss in detail the exquisite characteristics of this material which we use to combine the cryogenic and ambient environments to a fully working system. The main characteristics that we focus on are the low temperature conduction and the tensile strength of the GFRP's. The low temperature conduction is needed to allow for a low heat-exchange between the cryogenic and ambient part whereas the tensile strength is needed to support heavy structures like the baffle motor and to allow for a minimum of flexure for the detector head. Additionally, we discuss the way we attached the GFRP to the remaining parts of the FFTS using a two component encapsulant.


Process monitoring through control charts is a quite popular practice in statistical process control. This study is planned for monitoring the process dispersion parameter using exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart scheme. Most of the EWMA dispersion charts that have been proposed are based on the assumption that the parent distribution of the quality characteristic is normal, which is not always the case. In this study, we develop new EWMA charts based on a wide range of dispersion estimates for processes following normal and non‐normal parent distributions. The performance of all the charts is evaluated and compared using run length characteristics (such as the average run length). Extra quadratic loss, relative average run length, and performance comparison index measures are also used to examine the overall effectiveness of the EWMA dispersion charts.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The two rural workforce strategies of rural clinical schools and deployment of international medical graduates (IMGs) geographically overlap in Australia's large expanse of under‐served rural and remote areas. We used the Rural Clinical School of Western Australia (RCSWA) as a model to examine the relative numbers of IMG clinical academics, and the contribution of IMGs to rural clinical school development and education. IMGs have established six of 10 rural clinical school sites, maintained an academic presence, and continue to staff the RCSWA in high proportions. In a fragile rural work ecology, WA's IMGs are contributing to both meeting current workforce needs and the education of future rural doctors. The "double debt" Australia owes to IMGs, stemming from the rich cross‐fertilisation of these two workforce strategies, should be acknowledged.


Estate advertisement can apply its special cultural appeal to gather the people with the same cultural accomplishment and pursuit and achieve recognition on value outlook.The cultural appeal of estate advertisement should draw particularity in regional cul-tural resources,display value characters of the products in the form of market segmentation,derive the elements in accordance with tar-get receiver psychology from fashion and foreign cultures,provide special additional benefit and value for the customers,and reach the aim of offering cultural accumulation for estate project and enhancing brand.


For the greater part of human history, political behaviors , values, preferences, and institutions have been viewed as socially determined. Discoveries during the 1970s that identified genetic influences on political orientations remained unaddressed. However, over the past decade, an unprecedented amount of scholarship utilizing genetic models to expand the understanding of political traits has emerged. Here, we review the 'genetics of politics', focusing on the topics that have received the most attention: attitudes, ideologies, and pro-social political traits, including voting behavior and participation. The emergence of this research has sparked a broad paradigm shift in the study of political behaviors toward the inclusion of biological influences and recognition of the mutual co-dependence between genes and environment in forming political behaviors. Why use genetics to explore politics? Hence it is evident that the state is a creation of nature, and that man is by nature a political animal. And he, who by nature and not by mere accident is without a state, is either a bad man or above humanity ; he is like the 'Tribeless, lawless, hearthless one' whom Homer denounces-the natural outcast is forthwith a lover of war; he may be compared to an isolated piece at draughts. Aristotle (Politics, Bk. I) [1]. Aristotle's claim is widely cited to emphasize the importance of politics to human nature, yet the fuller argument implies something deeper about the intrinsic interconnec-tion between being human and being political. The natural inclination to be political constitutes a core component of existing in society; it is ingrained in humanity. Historically, the life sciences have overlooked this connection and ignored politics, focusing instead on improving human health. Diseases and psychopathologies are critically important and potentially devastating to those afflicted, yet affect only a fraction of the population. Politics affects everyone. Every person has attitudes and values; in aggregate , these shape the structures, institutions, and cultures that guide the rules of society, including how resources are allocated among various groups (e.g., education and health care), laws controlling discrimination, sex, marriage, and reproduction, and decisions about war and peace. The inevitable inequalities that derive from these choices contribute to an untold number of health-related disparities. At the same time, the idea that genes could influence behavior was considered impossible by those in the social sciences [2]. The increasingly impersonal social interactions typical of society were considered too recent a phenomenon and too context dependent to be shaped …


A key design constraint of circuits used in hand-held devices is the power consumption, mainly due to battery life limitations. Adaptive power management (APM) techniques aim to increase the battery life by adjusting the supply voltage (Vdd) and operating frequency, according to the workload. APM-enabled devices raise a number of challenges for existing manufacturing test and diagnosis techniques, as certain defects exhibit Vdd dependent detectability. This means that to achieve 100% fault coverage, APM-enabled devices should be tested at all operating voltages using repetitive tests. Repetitive tests at several Vdd settings are undesirable as it increases the cost of manufacturing test. This thesis provides two new and cost-effective Design for Test (DFT) techniques to avoid repetitive tests thereby reducing test cost. The first technique uses test point insertion (TPI) to reduce the number of test Vdd settings. TPI capitalizes on the observation that each resistive bridge defect consists of a large number of logic faults, including detectable and non-detectable logic faults. It targets resistive bridges requiring test at higher Vdd settings, and converts un-detectable logic faults at the lowest Vdd setting, into detectable logic faults by using test points. Test points provide additional controllability and observability at the fault site. TPI has shown encouraging results in terms of reducing the number of test Vdd settings, however it does not achieve single Vdd test for all designs. Taking this issue into account, another gate sizing (GS) based DFT technique is proposed. It targets bridges that require multi-Vdd test and increases the drive strength of gates driving such bridges. The number of test Vdd settings are reduced minimizing test cost. Experimental results show that for all designs, the proposed GS technique achieves 100% fault coverage at a single Vdd setting; in addition it has a lower overhead than the TPI in terms of timing, area and power. The Vdd dependent detectability of resistive bridges demands re-evaluation of existing diagnosis techniques, as all existing techniques use a single voltage setting for fault diagnosis, which may have a negative impact on diagnosis accuracy, affecting subsequent design cycle and yield. This thesis proposes a novel and cost-effective technique to improve diagnosis accuracy of resistive bridges in APM-enabled designs. It evaluates the impact of varying supply voltage on the accuracy of diagnosis and demonstrates how additional voltage settings can be leveraged to improve the diagnosis accuracy through a novel multi-voltage diagnosis algorithm. The diagnosis cost is reduced by identifying the most useful voltage settings and by eliminating tests at other voltages thereby achieving high diagnosis accuracy at reduced cost. All developed test and diagnosis techniques have been validated using simulations with ISCAS and ITC benchmarks, realistic fault models and actual bridges extracted from physical layouts.


The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of the disease Patchavatham with help of siddha parameters Ennvagai thervu and Thegiyin Elakkanam.
Patchavatham comes under literature Yugi Vaithiya Chinthamani-800.Which is characterized by history of patchavatham is one of the Vatha disease, characterized by inability to use one side upper limb and lower limb, difficulty in walking, loss of sensation, deviation of mouth.
AIM:
To evaluate Naadi, Naa, Mozhi, Neerkuri, Neikuri and Manikadainool in patients of Patchavatham.
OBJECTIVES:
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
To elucidate Siddha diagnostic tools causes and clinical methods of Patchavatham.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVE:
1. To analyse the line of treatment for Patchavatham.
2. To recommend the dietary regimen for Patchavatham.
For the clinical study 40 cases were studied as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the informed consent from the patients.
Case sheet proforma were maintained for 40 cases.
Laboratory investigations were carried out before the study.
Ennvagai Thervu and Thegiyin Elakkanam were focused in the study.
In this study out of 40 cases, following datas of Age, gender, occupation, udal vanmai, nilam, kaalam, noi utra kaalam, duration of illness, manikadainool, envagai thervugal, uyir thathukal, udal thahukal are observed.
CONCLUSION:
The disease Patchavatham were mentioned in Yugi vaithiya chinthamani – 800 taken for my clinical study. The study on Patchavatham were carried as dissertation and observe the changes in envagai thervugal( Naadi, Naa, Mozhi,Neerkuri, Neikuri), Udal thathukal, Udal thathukal.
A paraled modern diagnosis was derived through routine blood test, urine test and MRI scan or CT scan- Brain. For this study 40 cases were observed clinically in the OP division.
In this study, among 40 cases the concluded data as following,
Majority of cases (70%) shows kabha vatham naadi.
The observational study reveals in Envagai thervu
In Naa- 70% of cases shows Maa padithal.
62.5% of cases shows increased vaai neer ooral.
75% of cases shows deviation of mouth.
60% of cases shows black pigmentation in tongue.
In Mozhi- 70% of cases shows low pitch voice.
In Neerkuri- 77.5% of cases shows pale coloured urine.
In Neikuri- 37.5% of cases shows Aravam(vatham) Neikuri.
In Uyir thathukal, vatham- praanan,abaanan, viyaanan,udaanan, samaanan, are increased.
Pitham- sathagam, increased.
Kabam- santhigam, kiletham, pothagam increased.
In Udal thathukal, saaram, senneer, oon, kozhupu, enbu, moolai, sukilam/suronitham are decreased.
In Manikadainool, majority of cases shows 9 ½ viralkadai alavu.
• In mandalam – santhiramandalam affected.
• In kosam – Annamayakosam, Piranamaya kosam, Vinnanamaya kosam are affected.
The symptoms of Patchavatham are closely releated to Hemiplegia. The Patchavatham disease is correlated with Hemiplegia in modern diagnosis.


In the existing paper, most researchers assume that the material properties of functionally graded material are in accordance with the exponential function or power function of coordinate. The fracture problem of a functionally graded strip was studied by assuming that the shear modulus is a hyperbolic function of coordinate, while possion's ratio is constant. The mixed boundary problem was reduced to a system of singular integral equations by means of Fourier transform. The mode I and fl stress intensity factors were obtained by solving the singular integral equations. Moreover the effect of the material inhomogene-ity and the crack size on the stress intensity factors was disscussed.


The tribal people of Chhattisgarh state of India use Ficus glomerata for the treatment of diabetes therefore we planned to investigate antidiabetic effect of bark and root extract of bark and root in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of ethanol extract of bark and root of Ficus glomerata at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was studied in STZinduced diabetic rats. After administration of extract the fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased. The oral glucose tolerance was also improved. The effect of extracts on serum lipid profile like total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were also measured in the diabetic and non diabetic rats. There was significant reduction in total cholesterol, LDL and improvement in HDL in diabetic rats were observed. The activity of the plant extracts was comparable with glibenclamide, a well-known antidiabetic drug. These results indicated that Ficus glomerata possesses significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect.


A joint detection and estimation filter (JDEF) is proposed to segment targets from background clutter in a 2-D degraded image. The JDEF has two parts: estimator and detector. The estimator is a 2-D adaptive Kalman filter based on inhomogeneous Gauss-Markovian (G-M) field modeling. The detector is a recursive maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) detector based on the generalized likelihood ratio. The former provides the tatter with the estimated mean and variance for target segmentation. The adaptive Kalman filter proves to be edge preserving and noise, suppressing. The recursive detector, which operates simultaneously with the estimator, proves to be efficient both in time and in space memory.


Muscle fibre conduction velocity may be measured by cross-correlating two surface EMG signals detected at two different locations along the muscle fibres. However, it has been reported before that the velocity measured using this technique is dependent on the location of the electrodes on the skin surface of the muscle. Relatively high variations in the measured velocity are experienced when the electrodes are only slightly displaced from their positions. In this paper, eight parallel on-line polarity correlators, and an electrode array which permits various configurations of electrode geometry and spacing are used to investigate these variations. By carrying out simultaneous measurements from a number of successive locations along the path of propagation of action potential, the way the conduction velocity may vary along the muscle fibres is investigated. The variations of the measured velocity with time, as well as its dependence on the electrodes geometry and their location on the muscle are also investigated. The results obtained seem to suggest that the conduction velocity might not be uniform along the entire length of muscle fibres.


Sir,We read with great interest the article by Escalante et al. regarding a patient with angioedema, presumed to be caused by 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamfetamine (MDMA) and treated with icatibant, a ...


The design of digital controllers for minimum-energy ripple-free dead-beat control of type-I second-order plants is considered. Two recently introduced necessary and sufficient conditions for ripple-free dead-beat response are utilized for the solution of the optimization problem posed, thus leading to analytical expressions for the digital controller pulse transfer function. It is readily seen that a linear increment in the overall system order results in a proportional increase in the settling-time and an exponential decrease not only in the energy of the control signal needed to attain the desirable response, but the maximum control signal, as well.


FDI can be an important channel for developing countries' ability to get access to new technology. The impact of FDI on domestically-owned firms' technology development is less examined but it is frequently argued that technology externalities or demonstration effects could have a positive impact. Another and so far little examined effect of FDI on technology development in domestically-owned firms is through the impact on competition. We examine the effect of FDI on competition in the Chinese manufacturing sector and the effect of competition on firms' R&D. Our analysis is conducted on a large dataset including all Chinese large and medium sized firms over the period 1998-2004. Our results show that FDI increases competition but there are no strong indications of competition affecting investments in R&D.


Objective : To observe the influence of bathing feet on old-age patients with primary hypertension by using Chinese medical nursing theory.Methods: 120 old-age patients who received monitoring of blood pressure voluntary were divided into drug treatment group(use medicine to decompression merely) and therapeutic alliance group randomly in 2002.2~2003.2.therapeutic alliance group adopt bathing feet with hot water(39℃——42℃) and cheirapsis for 30 min in addition.The cours kis two month.Results: the normal and improve rate of therapeutic alliance group is super significantly(P0.05).Conclusion: bathing feet nursing can amelioration blood circulation,and is effective to oldage gerocomy and stable blood pressure.


In this paper we prove that the natural density of Ulam numbers is zero. By letting $\mathbb{U}$ denotes the set of all Ulam numbers, then we show that \begin{align} \mathcal{D}(\mathbb{U})=0.\nonumber \end{align}


A method for the determination of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in water by headspace gas chromatography was studied.The results showed that the recovery was ranged between 92%~99% and the relative standard deviations were ranged between 2.1%~6.3 %.This method is accurate and the pre-processing of this method is simple.


Because the framed wall system using steel studs and runners with square steel tubes as structural elements is reinforced by the horizontal members called runners, it has more strength and load bearing capacity than the steel house wall system. Also, this system improves adiabatic and sound insulation performance by filling up the autoclaved lightweight concrete. We need to evaluate load bearing capacity according to the axial load and lateral load in case this system is applied in the housing system with 3~5 stories through variations in intervals for the runners under the placement effect of autoclaved lightweight concrete. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze axial and shear behavior of the framed wall system according to the placement effect of autoclaved lightweight concrete, and to secure safety for the vertical and lateral loads.


the aspects of teaching practice and reform, focusing on"student-centered teaching pattem", this article discusses respectively how to apply the pattem in teaching, and presents some requirements about new course book series.


GATA2 deficiency is a complex multi-system disorder with high risk of developing myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a nearly complete lifetime penetrance.1,2 GATA2 carriers show a highly variable expressivity, with some individuals developing earlyonset MDS, while others remain asymptomatic throughout life. Although no prognostic biomarkers exist, it is likely that both cooperating genetic and epigenetic drivers shape the course of the disease.3 Despite advances in the identification of recurrent somatic mutations in a set of leukemia driver genes (i.e., STAG2, SETBP1, ASXL1 and ETV6), there are major gaps in understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with leukemic progression in GATA2 carriers.4 Moreover, DNA methylation alterations contribute to the initiation and expansion of leukemic clones and aberrant hypermethylation occurs in adult patients with MDS and AML.5,6 However, to date, a genomewide DNA methylome analysis in GATA2 patients has not been performed. For this study, 20 clinically annotated GATA2 carriers from seven Spanish hospitals were enrolled (Table 1; Online Supplementary Figure S1). Median age at diagnosis was 36 (range, 6–75) years. The primary initial manifestation was MDS (n=12, 55%), followed by immunodeficiency (n=3, 15%), and AML (n=2, 10%). On cytogenetics, trisomy 8 was detected in three patients, complex karyotype in two patients, while 11 patients had normal karyotype (Online Supplementary Figure S1A-F). Based on DNA availability, somatic mutation profiling was performed in total peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM) of 17 GATA2 carriers. Somatic mutations in myeloid malignancy genes were identified in 71% (12/17) tested patients (Online Supplementary Figure S1F). This analysis confirmed the heterogeneity of acquired somatic mutations in GATA2 deficiency, with STAG2, ASXL1 and SETBP1 as recurrently affected genes. We obtained global DNA methylation profiles of patients who underwent complete genetic characterization by using the Infinium Human Methylation EPIC 850 K platform (Illumina). We profiled DNA of eight BM (P1, P3, P5, P6, P10, P11, P12, P13) and eight PB samples (P1, P4, P7, P8, P9, P13, P16 and P17) and compared them with a cohort of 12 (5 PB and 7 BM) age-matched healthy donor (HD) controls. High-dimensional data visualization showed that the majority of GATA2 patients cluster tightly together and separately from HD. Asymptomatic carriers P1, P16 and P17 (at age 6, 40 and 75 years old, respectively) belonging to the same family, were encompassed to the HD group (Figure 1A). Additionally, we compared HD with asymptomatic GATA2 carriers alone, and we still observed intermixed samples (data not shown). Next, the DNA methylation changes were calculated between the GATA2 group and HD pairwise, revealing a DNA methylation pattern specific to GATA2 carriers. In detail, 2,834 differentially methylated positions (DMP) were identified in GATA2 BM samples and 1,406 DMP in PB samples (Online Supplementary Figure S2A). A descriptive analysis of the DMP distribution was performed using as a reference the probe distribution of the Infinium MethylEPIC array from distal to proximal CpG island regions (open sea, CpG shelf, CpG shore and CpG island) (Online Supplementary Figure 2B). Although previous studies showed that promoter-proximal methylation is negatively correlated with active gene expression;7 our analysis revealed that the majority of DMP are promoterdistant in both, BM (open sea: 60% hypomethylated DMP and 72.5% hypermethylated DMP) and PB samples (open sea: 52% hypomethylated and 82.3% hypermethylated) (Figure 1B; Online Supplementary Figure 2C). Additionally, the DMP distribution using the neighboring gene as reference showed an enrichment in intergenic and intronic regions (Figure 1C; Online Supplementary Figure S2D-E). This observation was corroborated by a correlation analysis comparing the DMP distribution of GATA2 patients with the reference array (Online Supplementary Figure S2F). Overall, we observed that DNA methylation changes are enriched in gene-distant and intronic regions in GATA2 patients. Whether this discrepancy is a consequence of GATA2 deficiency, or arising solely from the MDS evolution, needs to be further investigated. Previous studies showed that endogenous GATA2 preferentially occupies sites distant to promoters in hematopoietic stem cells,8 hence the loss of DNA binding capacity of GATA2 mutant protein might result in aberrant DNA methylation of these loci. Interestingly, unsupervised analysis of hypermethylated DMP highlighted the presence of a hypermethylated DMP subcluster across all the GATA2 BM samples (hereinafter subcluster A), including P1, the asymptomatic GATA2 carrier (Figure 1D). The matching PB of P1 revealed a subcluster of hypermethylated DMP (hereinafter subcluster B) as affected GATA2 patients (Figure 1E). Importantly, the 2-year longitudinal follow-up of P1 showed the evolution to MDS with multilineage dysplasia (MDS-MLD) and monosomy 7 without secondary mutations. In contrast, the two asymptomatic GATA2 carriers P16 and P17 (father and grandfather of P1) had a DNA methylation profile comparable with the HD group (Figure 1E). This observation suggests the presence of a likely early aberrant DNA


Background: Sildenafil citrate leads to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. This may enhance endometrial development. The aim of this work isto study the effect of oral sildenafil citrate on pregnancy rate, endometrial thickness and number of follicles in women undergoing induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate (CC). Patients and methods: this study included 70 infertile patients who were randomly divided into 2 groups. After ovulation induction with CC, patients in the treatment group received oral sildenafil citrate 25 mg 3 times daily from day 8-13 of the cycle and patients in control group received placebo. Results: the pregnancy rate, endometrial thickness and number of follicles were significantly higher in the treatment group. Side effects were significantly more in the treatment group compared to the placebo group (p=0.003). Among patients in the treatment group, the most common side effect was headache which was found in 7 patients (20%) versus non in the placebo group. Conclusion: sildenafil citrate increased pregnancy rate in females undergoing induction of ovulation by CC 50 mg which may be attributed to the increase in endometrial thickness and number of follicles. (Ahmed AbdelKader Fahmy; Mohamed ElSokkary and Sherihan Sayed. The Value of Oral Sildenafil in the Treatment of Female Infertility: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Life Sci J 2015;12(4):78-82). (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com . 9


The development of the business researches in Chinese securities companies has experienced several fluctuating stages.The excessive competition in operation researches among the Chinese securities companies has seriously affected the healthy development and the stability of China's securities market.This paper,by way of analyzing the causes of the excessive competition,puts forward some policy-oriented suggestions to normalize the development of the operational researches of the Chinese securities companies.


We provide asymptotic results for the distribution of weighted nonlinear functionals of Gaussian field with long-range dependence. We also show that integral functionals and the corresponding additive functionals have same distributions under certain assumptions. The result is applied to integrals over a multidimensional rectangle with a constant weight function.


A low-profile wideband cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) under multi-resonant modes is proposed in this paper. It is well-known that dielectric resonator antenna has attracted much attention, while some wideband DRAs suffer from an increase in sizes. In this work, based on the previous dual-mode DRA via loading four shorting pins, an additional block mode is excited around the existing $\text{TM}_{{01}{\delta}} (0 \lt \delta \lt 1)$ mode and pin mode by properly loading four metal blocks into the DR. After that, the antenna loaded with one, two, three, and four blocks is further studied. Metal blocks inserted into the dielectric resonator can disturb the electric field distribution of the $\text{TM}_{{01} {\delta}}$ mode, increasing the resonant frequency, and the antenna has a tendency to form a triple-band characteristic. With these improvements, one resonant mode of the DRA and two resonant modes of the shorting pins and blocks are combined with each other so as to improve its impedance bandwidth. After adjusting some parameters of the DRA, the HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) 13 simulated results illustrate that the antenna has gained a low profile of $0.0968\lambda_{0} (\lambda _{0}$ is the free-space wavelength) and a wide bandwidth $(\vert S_{11} \vert \lt -10 ~\text{dB})$ of about 33.3% (3.78GHz–5.29GHz) without enlarging its diameter. The proposed antenna has also gained a realized peak gain around 4dBi around the working band. Additionally, it keeps stable conical radiation patterns over the operating band. This may provide a new idea for the subsequent design and research of low-profile wideband antennas.


By using elliptical cylinders containing a homogenous volume conductor, the effect of antero-posterior distance of the trunk on the lead vector in the Frank system was investigated. The modified methods described below were found to improve normality and orthogonality in the lead vector of the Frank system when the antero-posterior distance of the trunk was short. 1. The connection of electrode M and F was disconnected. 2. The Shunt resistance of leads X and Z was changed in order to correct the distortion of lead vectors caused by variable antero-posterior distance of the trunk. The following results were obtained: 1. When the antero-posterior distance of the trunk decreased, the magnitude of lead vectors X and Z in the Frank system increased more than that of Y and, therefore, normality and orthogonality of this system deteriorated. 2. In my modified Frank system, as increase in the magnitude of the vector in lead Y and decrease in that of lead Z appeared, normality improved and orthogonality advanced only in lead Y.


Traditional loss-based congestion control protocols interpret packet loss as network congestion. Recently, Google proposed BBR, which is a congestion-based congestion control protocol. It employs delivery rate as the knob for congestion control, which achieves higher throughput and lower latency. Interestingly, BBR is found to have a preference for longer round-trip time (RTT) flows, which enjoy higher bandwidth ratio compared to flows with shorter RTT. To address this fairness issue, we proposed Adaptive-BBR, which creatively uses adaptive pacing gain to adjust the sending rate. The objective is that, via the proposed fine-grained adaptive mechanism, flows with different RTTs share similar portion of bottleneck bandwidth. Simulation results show that Adaptive-BBR can improve fairness by at least 47.8 %, and reduce average queuing delay by up to 93.3%, compared with that of BBR.


Determine the change in physical activity during college life of medical student at the National University of Trujillo. Material and Method: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study was performed. The sample selection was random and draw method. Participants, in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria; they respond to two questionnaires; the first of 35 open and closed questions to answer regarding the target change in physical activity during college life and in terms of interests and motives: and IPAQ short version questionnaire which will determine the type and level of physical activity in wherein each participant is located. Data were processed using SPSS V 17 package and the results presented in two-way tables according to the objectives; also bar and pie charts were used for better visualization of the results. Analysis and interpretation of data with chi-square test statistic, and significance of the 95% confidence level. Results: The change in physical activity in first, third and sixth year gives us a value of p <0.05 therefore is a significant relationship between years of study and time spent on physical activity: the level of physical activity with IPAQ questionnaire of the total sample 34.3% had low level of physical activity, 17.0% medium and 48.6% high level of physical activity; 37% of the sample were women, of whom 55.1% had low level of physical activity, 17.2% medium and 27.6% high; 63% of the sample were men, of these 18% had low level of physical activity, 18% medium and 64% high. In relevance to the practice of physical activity, soccer was the main one with 30% and then swimming with 29%. From the total sample 56% prefer physical or sporting activity instructor rather than activities not directioned, 71% in group and 56% says prefer organized competitions. About motivation, 13 students had preferences for sport like a routine and 13 students just for fun. Conclusions: The time spent on physical activity decreases significantly during the years of university study