In a gesture of feminist intervention, this special issue of Konsthistorisk Tidskrift/Journal of Art History foregrounds diverse intersections of art and gender during the decade that fomented the second feminist movement. In light of new scholarship, it scrutinizes the role of gender and the body in the work of a number of under-known and celebrated female artists. Zooming in and on an inassimilable assortment of international artists who intervened in the hegemonic art movements and social contexts of their time, it casts new perspectives on the challenges faced by women artists in the 1960s and sheds light on often transgressive, both artistically and ideologically, articulations of female subjectivity and sexuality. The issue's focus on the 1960s was driven by a feminist curiosity—that is, whether the formation of feminism during the sociocultural revolutions of the 1960s is reflected in the practices of female artists—fueled by my long engagement with the period and further expanded to contexts with distinct 1960s histories, or where feminism did not have the same course as in 1970s »centers« of feminist art such as London and New York. Its conceptual shaping, however, is underpinned by an understanding of feminist art as a pluralistic »matter of effect« that cannot be reduced to a movement of set esthetics and which traverses the practices of female artists across time and space. By foregrounding inscriptions of the feminine from the 1960s, »On the Cusp of Feminism« thus contributes to the »international project of feminist intervention.« Yet by contextualizing disparate feminist intersections of art and gender and sexual politics prior to feminism, it illuminates an important chapter of feminist art's longue durée, while pressuring its definition and »frame fictions.«


This demonstration will give a general overview of the implementation of a multi-purpose business game, with special reference to the training of civil engineers. This experiential learning concept is intent to inspire other teaching areas. In addition, this demonstration should trigger a lively discussion on the design of modular-oriented business games which will enable the facilitator to address a variety of learning outcomes / addressees with only one business game concept. Due to the fact that the development of computerized business games lead to extensive cost (Wilson et. al., 2008) and Andlinger & Greene (Andlinger, 1958) have proved already in the sixties, that manual business games can be even successful, here the design and implementation of a multi-purpose board-based business game will be demonstrated. Besides the lower costs, a particular advantage is furthermore that board games can be conducted independently of IT infrastructure at almost any location.


By virtue of the method of continuum limit, we obtained the solitons of the vibration of lattice in one-dimensional monoatomic chains, through that the equations of nonlinear vibration of one-dimensional monoatomic chains are solved. Under considering cubic anharmonic potential , the vibration of lattice in one-dimensional monoatomic chain have solution of kink soliton and under considering quartic anhannonic potential, the vibration of lattice in one-dimensional monoatomic chain have solution of breathers.


To investigate the effects of Vascular endothelial growth factor on progesterone (P4) synthesis and on the expression of a steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CYP11A1), 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(3βHSD), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), BCL2 Associated X(BAX) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in trophoblast cells of water buffalo. Trophoblast cell was isolated from the early pregnant uterus. Cells were treated with VEGF @ 1, 10, and 100 ng/ml for 24, 48, and 72h. RIA assessed P4, while mRNA expression by qRT-PCR. P4 secretion was maximum (P<0.05) at the highest dose maintained for a longer duration. The mRNA expression of StAR, CYP11A1, 3βHSD, PCNA and vWF were upregulated (P<0.05) at 48h and 72h at the highest dose. Expression of BAX was downregulated (P<0.001) at 72h. In conclusion, VEGF modulates the TCC on steroidogenesis, cell survivability, and angiogenesis in the placenta through an autocrine and paracrine mechanism.


Heat transfer fluid have inherently low thermal conductivity that greatly limits the heat exchanger effi- ciency. Many research activities are carried out to the thermal transport properties of the fluid by adding more thermally conductive solid into liquid. Liquid dispersions of Nano particle, which has been termed "Nano fluid", exhibit substantially higher thermal conduct ivies than those of corresponding base fluid.in this work new Nano fluid system has been developed by using silicon nitride Nano particle to synthesize Nano fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger. The thermal transport properties of Nano fluid, including thermal conductivity, viscosity, heat capacity and heat transfer coefficient in convective environment are character- ized and modelled. Since heat capacity of heat transfer fluid is one of the major thermal transport properties, it is described with help of the Einstein-Bachelor model. The result shows that Nano fluid possess improved thermal transport properties and it has been experientially proved that Nano fluids have the potential to use as next generation advanced heat transfer fluid.


The main aim of this paper is to assume what could be a real translation assignment. In this case, I am translating a will. A will is a legal document in which a person states who should receive his or her possessions after he or she dies. This is the Charles Robert Darwin's will, who died on 19 April 1882 at Down, in the County of Kent, England. He lived in Down House for 40 years, since 1842 to his decease. This will has particular features because of it was signed 190 ago. The source text is ruled by the Provisions for Family and Dependants Act 1975, but the Catalan rules are so different. It would be interesting to see the distinctions between these two worlds. Finally, we will see the all the steeps I have followed to translate this particular will.


Increasing awareness among consumers about health promoting foods has aroused interest in food supplement research worldwide. In addition to food supplements, consumption of exotic foods with proven nutritional values has also been gaining prominence in several developed countries (Herrero et al., 2006). Seaweeds have been recorded in human diets at least from 600 BC. They have been used as food, animal feeds, fertilizer and as sources of traditional medicine in many Asian civilizations since ancient times. This old tradition has attracted research toward seaweeds, resulting in a large number of epidemiological studies that show the health benefits linked to the consumption of seaweed (Cassolato et al., 2008). Harvested in pure seawater, seaweeds can be considered as nature's most complete and balanced nutrient food source. Seaweeds are excellent dietary International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 08 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


The study aimed at investigating the difference between the teachers perception about their teaching self-efficacy in developing their students' creativity, and their students' perception of it


We emphasized explicitly on the derivation and implementation of a new numerical algorithm scheme which gave stable results that show the applicability of the method. In this paper, we aimed to solve some second order initial value problems of ordinary differential equations and compare the results with the theoretical solution. Using this method to solve some initial value problems of second order ordinary differential equations, we discovered that the results compared favorably with the theoretical solution which led to the conclusion that the new numerical algorithm scheme derived in the research is approximately correct and can be prescribed for any related ordinary differential equations.


High-pressure research is one of the fastest-growing areas of natural science, and one that attracts as diverse communities as those of physics, bio-physics, chemistry, materials science and earth science. In condensed matter physics there are a number of highly topical areas, such as quantum criticality, pressure-induced superconductivity or non-Fermi liquid behaviour, where pressure is a fundamental parameter. Reliable, safe and user-friendly high pressure gas handling systems with gas pressures up to 1GPa should make a significant impact on the range of science possible. The ISIS facility is participating in the NMI3 FP7 sample environment project supported by the European Commission which includes high pressure gas cell development. In this paper the progress in designing, manufacturing and testing a new generation of high pressure gas cells for neutron scattering experiments is discussed.


Introduction: Dilated cardiomyopathy following total thyroidectomy is an unusual, very rare event, which is intractable to con-ventional therapies for heart failure. Case Presentation: We report dilated cardiomyopathy in a 48-year-old woman after total thyroidectomy, by diminishing the left ventricular ejection fraction and transient ventricular tachycardia, which is identified as the manifestation of rapid hypocalcemic situation. Conclusions: This study indicates the importance of electrolyte disturbance correction for hypocalcemia as a rare cause of cardiomyopathy and emphasizes the immediate treatment of this disorder for the enhancement of patient prognosis.


Parents play a critical role in facilitating children's physical activity, as they are an important source of modeling and support. While Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers have explored exergame design for children or adults separately, an important open area of work is identifying design guidelines for family exergames. One question that researchers have increasingly posed is, how can exergames be designed to avoid potential negative consequences of competition? To address these questions we designed Spaceship Launch, an exergame for parents and kids in lower income neighborhoods, where obesity is most prevalent. We describe our iterative design process: the formative study to identify design opportunities, our resulting system, and our field evaluation of the tool. Our findings highlight the impact of SL on physical activity intentions, and how parental preferences for in-game competition were aligned with the psychological needs of relatedness and competence. We conclude with design recommendations for future family-focused exergames.


The Adaptive Optics system, built at the Institute for Astronomy (University of Hawai'i), has been making unique scientific observations since 1993. During that period this versatile AO system has been mounted at both Cassegrain and coude feeds at the 3.6m CFH telescope and the bent Cassegrain at the 3.8m UKIRT telescope. The instrument is now permanently a Cassegrain instrument which has enjoyed 24 nights of 4m class observing at Manua Kea.


Bilinguals and L2-learners are different from monolinguals not only because they know more than one language or can switch between languages, but also because they constantly need to juggle their languages: it has been proposed by some that both languages are active and available even when only one of them is being used (Bialystok, 2008; Dijkstra, Grainger, & Van Heuven, 1999; Kroll, Bobb, & Wodniecka, 2006). In situations where only one language can be used, bilinguals have to select words from the language which is needed for that particular interaction, while inhibiting (or deactivating) words from the other language. According to Bialystok (2008, p. 4), the need to control attention to the target language in a context in which the other language remains active is the single feature that makes bilinguals unique. This process of attentional control is, however, not water-tight. Bilinguals sometimes need to activate one language for a few minutes or even seconds and another one in the next few moments. The linguistic consequences of this incessant juggling act are that bilinguals and L2-learners cannot keep their languages completely separate at all times, and features of the deactivated language regularly appear in the language the speaker intended to use. In the literature, these features are often referred to as interference, transfer or cross-linguistic influence, and their existence is well documented. In the past these phenomena have often been seen in a negative light as deviations from monolingual norms, to be avoided whenever possible (see Jarvis & Pavlenko, 2008, for an overview of such views).Even today, according to Ortega (2010), monolingual biases continue to be built into research, e.g. in the field of second language acquisition, and she therefore calls for a 'bilingual turn' in SLA. If we want to understand bilinguals and L2-learners as unique speaker-hearers (Grosjean, 1985), we need to abandon the monolingual view of bilinguals and L2-learners, and stop considering bilinguals or L2-learners as failed monolinguals who have only partial knowledge of two separate language systems. Under a holistic view of bilingualism, first proposed by Grosjean, monolinguals are no longer seen as the norm, and the separation of two language systems is not considered the ideal state of affairs for bilinguals. Instead, the psychological and linguistic consequences of the coexistence of knowledge of the L1 and the L2 in the bilingual's mind - which Cook (2008) refers to as multicompetence - become the focus of research which aims at discovering what it means to be bilingual. In this approach, studying transfer should be a first priority, because it provides the key evidence that bilinguals process language differently: the existence of transfer can provide crucial insight into the activation of languages and into the functioning of attention control in the bilingual mind. In some cases, contact between the languages in the bilingual can lead to the emergence of unique, hybrid features that exist in neither of the two source languages (see also Ng and De Leeuw, Mennen, & Scobbie, this issue).In the field of SLA, the role of transfer is still controversial, even though all researchers assume transfer to play a role in L2 acquisition. As is well known, Lado (1957, p. 11) strongly believes the role of the L1 to be crucial. The author points out that the fundamental assumption behind his work is that:. . . individuals tend to transfer the forms and meanings, and the distribution of forms and meanings of their native language and culture to the foreign language and culture - both productively when attempting to speak the language and to act in the culture, and receptively when attempting to grasp and understand the language and the culture as practiced by natives.Many assumptions behind Lado's theory, which laid the foundations for the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis, are no longer valid, however. …


Twenty ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) collections were evaluated for essential oil, oleoresins and dry matter percentage for five consecutive years. A tremendous variation in the essential oil and oleoresins was observed within the collection. The extent of variation was determined through per cent 'coefficient of variation'. An average mean of twenty collections for essential oil and oleoresins in a particular year differed significantly from other years. Essential oil and oleoresins showed a negative correlation with dry matter. The possible factors effecting the variation and its implications in determining the quality of a collection are discussed.


The war on terror narrative has wedged a legal lacuna between a rights-based and terrorism discourse. Within this rights-free zone, the Military Commissions Act of 2006 was signed into law by US President George W. Bush in October 2006. Whilst the act is consistent with current US policy (and narrative), opponents argue that it places the US outside of existing liberal democratic state practice, and challenge both the efficacy, as well as legality of placing the war on terror within an IHL framework (with the use of Military Commissions). Yet a review of the case of Israel and the Occupied Territories suggests that, even within an ostensibly liberal, democratic framework, the practice (and the accompanying discourse) is hardly new. Against this backdrop, this article will explore the operation of the Military Court system in the Occupied Territories, examining its legal basis and the impact of the military administration on the criminal justice process. When interrogating the operation the Israeli Military Court system through the lens of international legal norms, this article argues that a lacuna exists between Court practices and international legal requirements.


For reasons still unknown, the record of fossil paguroids preserved in situ is scanty. Here we present four examples from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic of northwest Europe and Russia, either collected recently or contained in old museum collections and recognised previously, but not yet published. The fi rst concerns a right propodus, and the imprint of the left chela, preserved within the conch of an amaltheid ammonite from the upper Pliensbachian (lower spinatum Zone, apyrenum Subzone; Lower Jurassic) of Banz (southern Germany). The second example involves the remains of both chelipeds, pereiopods, shield and ?cephalic appendages preserved in an internal mould of a ?volutid gastropod from the upper Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of Kunrade (southern Limburg, the Netherlands). The third specimen also preserves fragments of both chelipeds and pereiopods, and possibly also of shield and appendages(?), and is found in the internal mould of a volutid gastropod from the Middle Eocene of Yantarnyi (Kaliningrad district, Samland Peninsula, Russia; formerly Palmnicken, East Prussia), while the fourth specimen is preserved within an internal mould of an indeterminate (?volutid) gastropod from the Miocene of Liessel (Noord-Brabant, the Netherlands) and comprises the major cheliped and some pereiopods. The taxonomic assignment of fossil paguroids has always been problematic, and in systematic descriptions the use of 'lump genera' such as Palaeopagurus or Pagurus (sensu lato) has often been favoured. For the time being, we here adopt this policy, but hope that further preparation may reveal additional features of taxonomic value, enabling a more reliable generic assignment of the present material.


On the stage of globalization and permanent scientific and technological progress, the level of the enterprises innovative activity plays the key role in the efficiency of their activity. The innovative development level in Russia significant lags behind global trends, this caused by a number of reasons that are considered in this article. It is proved, that the diffusion of the results of scientific and technological progress is subjected to cyclical development, that allows predicting the expected results in production activities for the coming decades and developing a strategy aimed at gaining a leading competitive position. The aim of the study is to analyze the prerequisites for further scientific and technological development of the leading countries and Russia as well as to determine the reasons for the lag in development of domestic industries from the global ones. As the result, the article discusses the main trends of the sixth technological mode, the specific features of development of this mode for the construction industry, identifies the factors that suppress the enterprises innovation activity of the construction industry and restrain mastering the techniques of the sixth technological structure by companies of these industries. The paper introduces as well the promising forms of financing innovation, as one of the main reasons hindering innovative development. Methods. Authors determined the range of problems of innovative development of domestic industries, which are still relevant today despite the long period of their study and decision. As the result of the study, the main directions and ways of solving the scientific and technological backwardness of Russian enterprises in various industries were determined.


Sixteen elementary students were observed systematically over 2 entire school days to examine the nature of instruction and academic responding times during resource room instruction and mainstream classroom instruction. Data were recorded in six categories at 10-second intervals. Analyses of the results indicate that in the mainstream setting, the nature of instruction and academic responding was similar for LD students and their non-LD classmates. Similarly, when LD students were in the resource room and non-LD students were in the regular classroom, no statistical differences were found in the nature of instruction or in academic responding times of the two groups of students. Overall active academic responding time was low, even in the resource room, averaging just over 29 minutes of a 95-minute time period. Implications of the findings for practice and training of mainstream and resource room teachers are explored.


We consider nonlinear non-autonomous dierential-delay equations having separated linear and sublinear parts. We assume that the Green functions of the linear part is selfadjoint and positive denite to obtain solution estimates, explicit conditions for the absolute stability, and input-output stability. Moreover, it is shown that the suggested conditions characterize the equations that satisfy the generalized Aizerman - Myshkis hypothesis.


Hydrogen is recognized as a key element of future low-carbon energy systems. For proper integration, an adequate delivery infrastructure will be required, to be deployed in parallel to the electric grid and the gas network. This work adopts an optimization model to support the design of a future hydrogen delivery infrastructure, considering production, storage, and transport up to demand points. The model includes two production technologies, i.e., steam reforming with carbon capture and PV-fed electrolysis systems, and three transport modalities, i.e., pipelines, compressed hydrogen trucks, and liquid hydrogen trucks. This study compares a multi-modality formulation, in which the different transport technologies are simultaneously employed and their selection is optimized, with a mono-modality formulation, in which a single transport technology is considered. The assessment looks at the regional case study of Lombardy in Italy, considering a long-term scenario in which an extensive hydrogen supply chain is developed to supply hydrogen for clean mobility. Results show that the multi-modality infrastructure provides significant cost benefits, yielding an average cost of hydrogen that is up to 11% lower than a mono-modality configuration.


By investigating the situation of school uniform in China,many problems in fabric,manufacturing quality,styling and size have been found,which have greatly disappointed students and their parents.In order to solve these problems and find out the needs and demands of students in psychology and physiology,the principle of psychological perceptions is tried for improving the design and quality of school uniforms.With "keep fit" as the primary requirement,perceptual factors such as sense of comfort,sense of safety and sense of beauty are taken into consideration and specified in designing school uniforms to satisfy the perceptual requirements of students from the selection of fabric right through to the garment structure and sewing quality.


The development of non-homogenous Poisson process (NHPP) models has attracted many researchers during recent decades. Incorporating learning effects with NHPP models may improve the predictive capability of these models and leads to more accurate predictions. In this paper, a NHPP model [1] based on one-parameter Lindley distribution is integrating with learning effects. More specifically, the new model is built by considering two influential factors: the autonomous errors-detected factor and the learning factor. Then, its performance is validated and compared to the classical NHPP model both objectively and subjectively based on five real reliability datasets and using three different criteria. The application results show that: in term of influential factors when the autonomous errors-detected factor is lowest and the learning factor is highest, the improved NHPP L model is efficient. Also, the optimized model by incorporating learning effects is more accurate and better predicted than the classical NHPP model.


Both microperoxidase and cytochrome c could be immobilized on a gel for HPLCwithout losing their activity, the specificity of each immobilized catalyst being similar to that of the free catalyst. With up to 40%of methanol, the chemiluminescence increased as the alcohol concentration increased, while the count decreased with more than 10%methanol for the free cytochrome c. Whenused as the reactant for flow injection analysis, they do not need to occupy the cell for the emission of chemiluminescence. The immobilized reactant can measure from 400pmol to 10nmol of tert-


prior to 1830, but of their nature and proceedings little definite is known. The printers and shoemakers of the cities of Quebec, Montreal and Toronto, following the radical traditions of their trades, were among the first to organize-in the 1830's and 1840's. But before 1850 the movement was negligible in Canada, and for reasons that are sufficiently obvious. Land in the old provinces was plentiful; the domestic system of production largely prevailed; and life was economically simple. The social and industrial unrest that swept over the United States and Europe between 1825 and 1850 was only faintly felt in Canada. Nor had Canada the educated and leisure classes whose leadership in philosophic radicalism so stimulated the labour movement in Great Britain during the second quarter of the last century.


Bifidobacterium species are beneficial microorganisms in the human and some animals intestinal tract.Attachment of Bifidobacterium to starch granules is believed to offer a selective advantage in the host intestine and may even prolong them viability.The starch-binding mechanisms of the adherent Bifidobacterium strains and the factors affecting attachment of Bifidobacterium species to starch granules are elaborated,which could be exploited in the development of starch-Bifidobacterium synbiotics.


The structure of /?-MgCl2 has been studied by powder X-ray diffraction methods. An accurate investigation of the diffraction profiles shows that the structure is strongly perturbed by stacking faults. A statistical model is proposed for the sequences of the CI—Mg—CI layers and is checked by fitting the calculated pattern to the experimental one. A mathematical treatment for simulation of texture effects is also proposed. Introduction The heterogeneous catalytic systems for the Ziegler-Natta polymerization of olefins are mostly characterized by the presence of compact ionic layered structures, for example TiCl3 and MgCl2. The latter compound is frequently used as a support for the titanium halides constituting the active centers of catalysts. MgCl2 is normally used as support in the crystalline a-modification (Montedison, 1969; Galli, 1983), but recently a new ß-form has been described as concerns both its structure and the activity in some catalytic processes (Montedison, 1977; Spitz et al., 1984). As pointed out in recent works (Makhtarulin et al., 1978; Gerbasi et al., 1984) the support structure is of prime importance in determining the catalyst performance. Correspondence to: Roberto Zannetti, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica dell'Università, Via Loredan, 4, 35131 Padova, Italy 2 A. Martorana, Α. Marigo, L. Toniolo and R. Zannetti The purpose of the present work is to obtain further information on /?-MgCl2 structure and in particular on the crystal disorder it shows. In the paper by Bassi et al. (1982) the details concerning the preparation of /?-MgCl2 are given and the Pïm\ space group, involving the hexagonal close packing (hep) of the chlorine atoms, is proposed for this form. Nevertheless, the above cited authors outlined also that: a) the calculated intensities are rather different from the observed ones ; b) the X-ray powder pattern shows diffraction lines not ascribable to the proposed structure. Finally, they propose that the differences between the calculated pattern and the observed one are due to stacking faults in the piling up of the triple layers C I M g C I . The present paper reports a mathematical model accounting for the observation of Bassi et al. (1982). Furthermore, an analysis of preferred orientations effects, which probably affect the pattern recorded with our instrument (a powder X-ray diffractometer, working in reflection geometry) is also described. Experimental ß-MgCi2 was prepared according to the procedure proposed by Bassi et al. (1982). The X-ray powder diffraction pattern was recorded with a Seifert MZ III diffractometer, scanning the 13 — 65° 2 θ range by steps of 0.2°; each intensity value was recorded at a fixed counting time of 60 s. CuATa radiation, monochromatized on the diffracted beam, was employed. The sample was protected from air by a sample holder described by Marigo et al. (1982). Calculation procedure The calculation procedure adopted by us consists in the evaluation, starting from a structural hypothesis, of an intensity function IQ,p) which is defined in the reciprocal space and depends on the n-dimensional array ρ of the structural parameters. The powder diffraction pattern is simulated through the calculation, by numerical techniques (Martorana et al., 1982) of the integral for different |J| values. Σ is the spherical surface with radius |3| centered on the reciprocal space origin. The /(|J|J5) function, multiplied by a suitable scale factor, is fitted to the experimental pattern by trial and error procedures, changing ρ and (1) Stacking faults in the /¡-form of magnesium dichloride 3 adding a polynomial function to take the background into account. The instrumental broadening was taken into account by convolution of the calculated pattern with recorded profiles of standard polycrystalline samples with very large crystallite size. The structural model The structural model proposed by us for /?-MgCl2 is based on the following assumptions: a) The succession of the triple layers along the c-axis is affected by stacking faults disorder so that, while the close packing of the chlorine atoms is maintained, the shift between two adjacent triple layers may give rise, as regards the chlorine layers, either to translational hep and ccp sequences, or to sequences in which a layer is rotated by + 60° with respect to the adjacent one. Owing to the rotational sequences, two kinds of triple layers are present which cannot be brought into coincidence by a simple translation. b) Every triple layer affects the relative positions of the first and the second neighbouring layers. c) The crystallites have a parallelepiped shape with edges parallel to the triple layer unit cell axes á¡ a2 à3 respectively. Their size distribution is described by a Bernoullian statistics (Allegra et al., 1980) according to which each layer of cells parallel to the plane (á¡, à¡) has the same probability (U,k = 1,2,3 in cyclic permutation) of being the boundary of the parallelepiped, independently of the number of near parallel layers. The structure factors of the two kinds of triple layers are: ν ι = [ψ(*ιΑ) v(«2,A2)]* Fi Vi = [ψ(αι,Λι) V(«2,A2)]* F2 where (Allegra et al., 1980): , h ) (2-α) ' ' α + 2(1 — α)(1 cos 2 πΑ) (2)


Combining with the field construction of micro-pile,the advantages,disadvantages and application conditions of three types of piling machines used for micro-pile in loess foundation were analyzed in detail,including engineering geology drilling rig,mechanical Luoyang shovel and artificial Luoyang shovel. According to China's conditions and the characteristics of transmission line engineering,the artificial Luoyang shove was recommended for pore-forming,under the premise of the pile length and diameter's design meeting requirements. Finally,the construction process and technique of three types of piling machines were studied,and the construction technology of micro-pile was proposed for transmission tower in loess foundation.


SNR (Signal-Noise Rate) is one of the significant parameters in modern wireless communication system, it doesn't only reflect the influence degree to useful signal caused by noise but is also the indispensable feedback information to improving signal quality. The MAP decoding algorithm of Turbo which has been adopted in LTE system is sensitive to deviation of the SNR estimation, thus this paper deals with a new algorithm for the SNR estimation to ameliorate the performance in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate) of T urbo decoding. Confirmed by Matlab simulation that this SNR estimation algorithm can reduce the bit error rate of Turbo decoding.


Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document discusses a number of differences between the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) protocol used to route IP traffic as described in RFC 1195 and the protocol as it is deployed today. These differences are discussed as a service to those implementing, testing, and deploying the IS-IS Protocol to route IP traffic. A companion document describes the differences between the protocol described in ISO 10589 and current practice.


Although N-ethylcarbazole is considered as a most promising potential liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) substance, a major drawback for stationary and particularly mobile applications is its high melting point of 343 K. Study of other possible N-alkylcarbazole-derivatives having lower melting points but keeping a high storage density is of practical importance. This contribution presents thermochemical properties (enthalpy of formation, enthalpy of vaporization, enthalpy of sublimation, and fusion enthalpy) for N-alkylcarbazoles (with alkyl = isopropyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl) derived from experiments in order to investigate the applicability of the carbazole derivatives as potential LOHCs. Additionally, high-level quantum chemical calculations were applied to determine molar enthalpies of formation of the gaseous carbazole derivatives and thus validated the experimental findings. Using a combination of the quantum-chemical calculations with vaporization enthalpy data measured in this work, the stand...


This essay examines the representations of feminine subjugation in Zadie Smith's "Two Men Arrive in a Village" through the lens of ecofeminism. It reveals how the issue of female exploitation is considered as a correlate of the deterioration of the environment. The essay argues that Smith's short story allows us to see how patriarchal, capitalist, and imperialist systems work in tandem to illustrate how the destruction of land and the abuse of women are part of the same ideological enterprise. It investigates the influence of industrialization and patriarchal capitalist invasion through the metaphor of raping. Domination of the marginal and objectification of the women/nature provide considerable ecological, social, and cultural implications. The interpretations prove how exploitation of nature and women, invasion, instrumentalism and class discrimination are characteristics of patriarchal system which have made a correlation between anthroparchic gynocide/ genocide and androcentric patriarchy.


interest of critical writing lies almost entirely in its method? Can it be held that the content of any given evaluative statement — 'this is good, important,' 'this is bad, trivial' — is not what serious criticism is, seriously, read for?" If Carrier and Krauss answer this question in the affirmative, their own writing reveals that it is not always so easy to do so. But that is what makes "talking about a thing" so hard, and so interesting.


Statistical investigation for corrosion damage of aircraft structure has been conducted with Normal distribution、Gumbel distribution、Logistic distribution、two parameters Weibull distribution and three parameters Weibull distribution. The result shows that the corrosion depth distribution five distribution functions are all in good agreement with and three parameters Weibull distribution is the best. And then corrosion depth for different operational lives with 95% confidence was got using three parameters Weibull distribution,and fitted with Origin 7. 5. Finally it can be known that the effective period of the preventing coat is about 4 years.


We previously showed that the amino‐terminal region of P‐450 is responsible not only for targeting to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane but also for stable anchoring to the membrane. In the present study, we introduced several mutations or deletions into the signal‐anchor region of the chimeric proteins in which the amino‐terminal regions of two forms of cytochrome P‐450 were fused to the mature portion of interleukin 2. The amino‐terminal acidic amino acid residues were replaced with basic amino acid residues or the hydrophobic core sequences were partially deleted, and these mutant proteins were assayed in vitro for their capacity to be inserted into or translocated across the ER membrane. The proteins that received the former manipulations were processed and the IL‐2 portion was translocated across the membrane. In one case, the processing did not occur, thereby enabling the chimeric protein to anchor on the luminal side of the ER. Those that received the latter manipulation were also processed and the IL‐2 portion translocated across the ER. These results strongly suggest that the signal‐anchor function is determined both by the amino‐terminal charged amino acid residues and by the length of the hydrophobic stretch.


Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative condition. Optimal management requires a palliative approach from diagnosis with emphasis on patient autonomy, dignity and quality of life. Objective To conduct a systematic analysis of the type, level and timing of specialist palliative care intervention


Permeable boundaries form the musical 'thread' of Don Giovanni– a compositional strategy fundamental to the opera's character. Customary cadential borders get omitted or blurred; material heard early in the opera prominently returns; and all the accompanied recitative-set piece pairs act as 'composite pieces' – scenes in which musical material as well as dramatic function bind the accompanied recitative and aria or duet together and fuse them into one entity. 'Permeability' is heightened in Don Giovanni due to the supernatural elements of the plot, the title character's refusal to to submit to society's strictures, Gluck's association with the story, and Mozart's propensity for musical one-upmanship. Yet it is by no means unique to that work. Studying the relationships between accompanied recitatives and adjacent numbers reveals a 'middleground' of musical continuity that lies between long-range tonal plans and the motivic and tonal unities of individual numbers. Hence these passages challenge, as well as complement, some of our underlying assumptions about operatic form, and urge us to expand our definition of a 'number'.


In the present study, we report the effects of cooling ejaculated and epididymal bovine sperm from the same animals with and without a cryoprotective agent, glycerol. Water transport data during freezing of ejaculated and epididymal bovine sperm cell suspensions were obtained at a cooling rate of 20 °C/min under two different conditions: i) in the absence of cryoprotective agents, CPAs; and ii) in the presence of 0.7 M glycerol. Using previously published values, the bovine sperm cell was modeled as a cylinder of length 39.8 μm and a radius of 0.4 μm with an osmotically inactive cell volume, Vb, of 0.61Vo, where Vo is the isotonic cell volume. The subzero water transport response is analyzed to determine the variables governing the rate of water loss during cooling of bovine spermatozoa, i.e. the membrane permeability parameters (reference membrane permeability, Lpg and activation energy, ELp). The predicted best-fit permeability parameters ranged from, Lpg = 0.021 to 0.038 μm/min-atm and ELp = 27.8 to 41.1 kcal/mol. The subzero water transport response and consequently the subzero water transport parameters are not significantly different between the ejaculated and epididymal bovine spermatozoa under corresponding cooling conditions. If this observation is found to be more generally valid for other mammalian species as well, then the sperm extracted from the testicles of an animal during post-mortem can also be optimally cryopreseved using procedures similar to those derived for ejaculated sperm.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Low birth weight has been described as a risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic women, whereas low birth weight did not increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy in Type 1 diabetic men [2]. However, another study of Type 1 diabetic patients found that increased risk of nephropathy was explained by other familial and perinatal factors including maternal smoking during pregnancy, and low-level maternal education [3]. In Pima Indians, Type 2 diabetic subjects with both low and high birth weight had increased risk of elevated urinary albumin excretion [4].


The keynote article by Mayberry and Kluender (2017) clearly shows that there are important effects of delayed exposure to a first language (L1), in linguistic comprehension, production, processing, and even in the brain areas that are active for language. This set of findings is of great importance for both theoretical and practical reasons. As Mayberry and Kluender show, one implication of such findings bears on the theory that a critical period for language (CPL) leads to changes in the ways that language develops when accessible exposure is delayed.


From confessional to nonconfessional Over recent decades, there has been a shift in several western nations from confessional to non-confessional religious education. This 'paradigm shift' (Franken and Loobuyck 2011) is the result of a changed religious landscape: due to immigration, individualisation and secularisation, the religious landscape in Western Europe (and in several other parts of the world) changed substantively. Accordingly, the aims of religious education changed as well: for a long time, the main aim of religious education in Europe (and elsewhere) was to respond to parents' wishes to educate their children in their own denominational (Christian) tradition. Today, however, the aims of religious education are formulated in a more open and pluralistic way and accordingly, religious education classes have been deconfessionalised in several western nations (e.g. Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and in fully state funded schools in England and Wales, and Scotland) or regions (e.g. Brandenburg; most Swiss cantons; Québec). This deconfessionalisation did, however, not go smoothly, and in Norway and Québec, this shift has even led to a number of court cases (Folgerø v. Norway [2007]; SL v. Commission scolaire des Chênes v. Québec [2012]; Loyola High school v. Québec [2015]), in which the impartial or neutral character of non-confessional religious education, and its relation to the freedom of conscience and religion, has been discussed extensively. In Folgerø, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) argued that it is possible to make non-confessional religious education obligatory for all students, but only when there is no indoctrination and when the subject is taught 'in an objective, critical and pluralistic manner'. Similarly, the Canadian Supreme Court pointed at 'the objective presentation of various religions' as a condition for the compulsory character of religious education. The meaning and scope of this objectivity is, however, not clear: does it imply a mere phenomenological or scientific approach to religion (education about religion)? Or is it, within a context of objectivity, also possible to learn from religion? And if impartiality is required, is this attitude only required as a professional stance for teachers, or should students also be 'neutral' in the classroom?


The author attempts to highlight the ties of Ainu settlers from the Sakhalin and Kuril islands with the peoples of the Lower Amur based on her own field-work data and the resources from ethnographic literature of the last century.


Cancer is uncontrolled proliferation of cells, which results from the loss of proper balance 10 between cell death and cell growth. The transformed phenotypes of cancer cells are caused by 11 the accumulation of mutations in a variety of genes whose products normally play a role in 12 the biochemical pathways that regulate cell death and cell proliferation. Cancer is a broad term 13 used to define a group of more than 250 different diseases (Roncalli et al. 2010). It is a slow 14 multi-stage, multi-step process (Camma et al. 2008; Calvisi et al. 2009; Sherman 2011). In the 15 first instance, these cells, derived initially from a normal cell, form a primary tumor which 16 comprises a growth-transformed population of cells. The cells acquire a set of mutations to a 17 set of genes which allow them to divide repeatedly in a way that normal cells cannot 18 (Besaratinia et al. 2009; Calvisi et al. 2009). Histologically, cancer is characterized by several 19 morphological alterations, including changes in tissue architecture, cytological abnormalities 20 of both the nucleus and cytoplasm and the presence of abnormal mitoses. A stepwise several 21 biochemical and genetic and biological alterations eventually result in a cancer. 22


For tentering and thermo-fixing machine,a distributed monitoring system based on the 485 bus is designed.We achieve the control of the master and slaver AC motor synchronization and temperature of the drying oven by the ARM embedded controller .We also design the monitoring picture of the speed and temperature on the host PC with VB6.0 and achieve the data communication of ARM controller and inverter with PC.The results show that the system is simple and communication is reliable,and it can easily transplant and strongly expand to monitoring systems of printing equipment.


Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), a simple tool to assess nutritional status, and coronary artery disease severity and complexity in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of 822 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients with previous revascularization were excluded. Gensini and SYNTAX scores were calculated according to the angiographic images to determine atherosclerosis severity. NRI was calculated as follows: NRI = [15.19 × serum albumin (g/dl)] + [41.7 × (body weight/ideal body weight)]. In patients ≥65 years of age, Geriatric NRI (GNRI) was used instead of NRI. GNRI was calculated as follows: GNRI = [14.89 × serum albumin (g/dl)] + [41.7 × (body weight/ideal body weight)]. Patients were then divided into three groups as previously reported: NRI < 92, NRI 92–98 and NRI > 98. Gensini and SYNTAX scores were compared between three groups. Results The mean age of study population was 61.9 ± 11.1 years. NRI < 92, 92–98, and >98 was measured in 212, 321 and 289 patients, respectively. There was no difference regarding to sex, BMI, smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus between three groups. Patients with NRI < 92 had the highest mean Gensini score than the patients with NRI 92–98 and NRI > 98 (38.0 ± 40.6 vs. 31.17 ± 42.4 vs. 25.8 ± 38.4, P = 0.005). Also patients with NRI < 92 had the highest mean SYNTAX score than the patients with NRI 92–98 and NRI > 98 (11.8 ± 12.9 vs. 9.3 ± 12.4 vs. 7.7 ± 11.8, P = 0.001). Also, Gensini score of ≥20 and high SYNTAX score of ≥33 were associated with lower NRI (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion In our study, nutritional status evaluated by the NRI was associated with more extensive and complex coronary atherosclerosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography.


Very recently, it is seen that mergers and acquisitions are lofty in Indian business which is evident in International reports from Forbes, U.S. News and World Report and National news report and research reports. In this situation, it is believed that brand consolidations are obligation to Big brands among two companies business models because it makes sense that they have to present one voice and one brand should represent the marketplace. The real issue here is that when strategic decisions are not made properly during brand consolidation it may lead to doom. This study addresses the various aspects bound to take place during strategic decisions when CEO does not focus on brand architecture.


Background: Beyond pharmacological treatment, there is a paucity of data to support the application of disease management programs that bridge (predominantly short-term) cardiac rehabilitation and chronic heart failure (CHF) management programs. Methods: The NIL-CHF Study was a pragmatic randomized trial that tested the hypothesis that relative to Standard Care a nurse-led, multidisciplinary management program for hospitalized patients aged ≥ 45 years with pre-existing CVD and/or common antecedents of CHF, will reduce the incidence of admission for CHF or all-cause mortality (primary endpoint) and secondary endpoints of rehospitalization and recurrent hospital stay (specific focus on emergency and cardiovascular-related events) during mean 4.3 years follow-up. Results: A total of 611 subjects (mean age 66±11 years and 71% male) without baseline CHF (echocardiography confirmation), of whom 70% had an acute coronary syndrome and 62% were hypertensive, were randomized to Standard Care (n=310) or NIL-CHF inte...


Magnetism of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) filled with Pd in pseudo one-dimension is investigated based on the electronic structure obtained using the first-principle calculation. In addition, the stability of Pd nanowire inside SWNT is evaluated through the calculation of binding energy. The Pd monostrand nanowire with the inter-atomic distance of 2.49 A, which shows ferromagnetism in the free-standing state, has the ferromagnetic moment also in the armchair type SWNTs with the diameter lager than 6.9 A although the magnetic moment is smaller than that of the corresponding free-standing Pd nanowire. The pseudo one-dimensional fcc Pd nanowire with the cross section of the (111) plane in the (14, 0) SWNT has ferromagnetic moment, where the inter-atomic distance is elongated by 28% along the longitudinal axis of SWNT compared with the equilibrium distance, so as to adjust the unit cell size of SWNT. However, the Pd(100) nanowire in (8, 8) SWNT does not show ferromagnetism although it has almost the...


The waterways curriculum—a strategic framework for presenting marine industry concepts to school-aged children—is outlined. Through a national structure, the marine industry will have the opportunity to develop a fun and exciting educational program. The waterways curriculum framework comprises several key components to create flexibility and thereby reach more participants. Educational materials are categorized by age groupings (cohorts) and school grade levels (modules) to allow the age-appropriate presentation of materials to participants. The waterways curriculum also includes four presentation pathways to facilitate its use in various settings: school programs, community outreach (youth organizations), on-site teaching (field trips), and expositions (e.g., boat shows). By offering consistent materials that cover a broad range of marine topics for each category and age level, the waterways curriculum will provide participants an opportunity to explore the marine industry in a fun and challenging way. After the framework is outlined, examples of potential materials and activities for use in the waterways curriculum are highlighted, as well as existing resources and possible partnerships for the program development team to explore. A turnkey program is not included; instead, the focus is on the starting points for delivering marine topics to youth. Ample opportunities exist for future development of the waterways curriculum by marine professionals and educational specialists. With the combined efforts of industry and academic leaders, the waterways curriculum can inspire youth to explore opportunities in the marine transportation industry.


Mathematical tractability has restricted economic analysis of consumer behaviour within a confined boundary of certain axioms. Often, these axioms are found to be empirically false; even more importantly, they and their analytical framework are incapable of explaining economic choices in environment goods, public goods and social choice. Studies in behavioural finance have also documented information processing incapacities and biases that challenge some of the rationality assumptions. In this study, we collect primary data from 250 respondents to investigate whether preferences are amenable and whether preferences take account of effects on others. The evidence supports that preferences are amenable; and using non-parametric tests of independence, we also establish that the respondents' values are independent of income and age.


A technique for constructing first integrals for nonconservative dynamical systems based on Noether's principle is reviewed and presented. The technique, which provides a systematic approach, is applied to power systems with nonnegligible transfer conductances, and a first integral is derived. The result is shown to be identical to that obtained by an ad-hoc procedure that has provided excellent practical results. The techniques also provides an avenue to obtain other infinitesimal transformations, which may lead to a more general first integral. Various results available on the variational behavior of nonconservative systems in nonlinear mechanics are introduced to the engineering community.<<ETX>>


Loewner Theory, based on dynamical viewpoint, is a powerful tool in Complex Analysis, which plays a crucial role in such important achievements as the proof of famous Bieberbach's conjecture and well-celebrated Schramm's Stochastic Loewner Evolution (SLE). Recently Bracci et al [10, 11, 16] have proposed a new approach bringing together all the variants of the (deterministic) Loewner Evolution in a simply connected reference domain. We construct an analogue of this theory for the annulus. In this paper, the first of two articles, we introduce a general notion of an evolution family over a system of annuli and prove that there is a 1-to-1 correspondence between such families and semicomplete weak holomorphic vector fields. Moreover, in the non-degenerate case, we establish a constructive characterization of these vector fields analogous to the nonautonomous Berkson–Porta representation of Herglotz vector fields in the unit disk [10].


Objective: This study aims to identify and analyze the relationship of heat and
pulse pressure on workers in the weaving section PT. Indonesia Tyfountex
Sukoharjo.
Methods: This study used this type of research explanations (explanatory
research). According to the approach, this study was cross sectional study. The
sampling technique used was purposive sampling so that the sample that became
the object of study numbered 44 men. Data collection was performed by using the
reaction timer Questempo10 brand to measure heat and pressure to measure pulse
Tensoval workers. Processing techniques and data analysis conducted by the
statistical test Correlation of Pearson Product Moment by using computer program
SPSS version 13.0.
Results: The results of analysis with Pearson Product Moment Correlation test,
relationship test pulse and heat stress is known that the value of Sig. of 0.000 or
less than 0.05 (p <0.05).
Conclusion: From these results suggest that there is a relationship hot and pulse
pressure on workers in the weaving section PT. Indonesia Tyfountex Sukoharjo,
that the higher the heat stress in the workplace. The faster the pulse of
workers.Conversely the lower the heat stress in the workplace increasingly slow
pulse workers (heat pressure and pulse magnitude is proportional workers).
Keywords: Pressure Heat, Pulse


Purpose: To evaluate marginal leakage of bulk fill flowable composite resin filling with different curing time by using microcomputed tomography technology. Materials and Methods: 30 previously extracted human molars were randomly divided into 6 groups based upon restorative system and different curing time. Class II cavities (vertical slot cavities) were prepared. An individual metallic matrix was used to build up the proximal wall. The SonicFill or SureFil SDR flow was inserted into the preparation by using 1 bulk increment, followed by light polymerization for different curing times. The different exposure times were 20, 40, and 60 seconds. All specimens were submitted to 5,000 thermal cycles for artificial aging. Micro-CT scanning was performed by using SkyScan 1272. One evaluator assessed microleakage of silver nitrated solution at the resin-dentin interface. The 3D image of each leakage around the restoration was reconstructed with CT-Analyser V.1.14.4. The leakage was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Significant differences were observed between the light curing times, but no significant differences were found between the bulk fill composite resins. Increasing in the photoactivation time resulted in greater microleakage in all the experimental groups. Those subjected to 60 seconds of light curing showed higher microleakage means than those exposed for 20 seconds and 40 seconds. Conclusion: Increasing the photoactivation time is factor that may increase marginal microlekage of the bulk fill composite resins. Further, micro-CT can nondestructively detect leakage around the resin composite restoration in three dimensions.


Modular hemisyntheses of boronato- and trifluoroborato-substituted amino acid derivatives are achieved based on the reaction of Wittig reagent (I) with aldehydes followed by Ir-catalyzed boronation.


This paper presents objectives for permeable electric/electronics product data management for mechatronic products in consideration of model-based systems engineering from the early product development phase till a lifecycle management. Idiosyncrasies of mechatronic products, requirements engineering, model-based systems engineering, artifact-orientation, and interconnections of artifacts are evaluated and postulate objectives, how artifacts have to be designed in order to support the linkage of model-based systems engineering and product data management (PDM). The objectives, derived from the different theories and requirements to foster permeable PDM, are: i) Identify all existing norms for the development of mechanical, electronic, and software aspects and elaborate how information artifacts have to be defined. ii) (Textual) Requirements have to be technically feasible to be linked to information artifacts and system models already in the early development phase. iii) System models have to be aligned to information artifacts from the models' creation onwards and standardization in exchange formats has to be ensured. iv) Information artifacts with own lifecycles shall alleviate PDM in the early product development phase. v) Interconnections shall ameliorate associativity through capturing process information between single artifacts. A first concept is presented, visualizing the aforementioned objectives and their contribution in the early development process of mechatronic products, how a permeable PDM might be achieved.


Eight full‐term infants (mean gestation 39.9 weeks [range 37‐42] and mean birthweight 3642 g [range 3060‐4200]) with severe respiratory failure (median oxygenation index 28 [range 16‐65] and median arterial/alveolar Po2 ratio (a/APo2) 0.094 [range 0.038‐0.165]) and pulmonary barotrauma were treated with Dexamethasone, 0.5 mg/kg per day, from the median age of 5 days (range 3‐22). Six of the eight (75%) infants survived. They were weaned from mechanical ventilation and extubated a median of 2.5 days after commencing treatment with Dexamethasone. Two infants died and one of them suffered recurrent pneumothoraces. There was a significant improvement in oxygenation in the seven infants who survived the 72 h period of observation. Their median oxygenation index was 24 when Dexamethasone was commenced compared with 8 after 12 h (P <0.05) and 10 after 36 h (P <0.025). Their a/APo2, ratio was 0.095 when Dexamethasone was commenced compared with 0.289 after 12 h (P <0.05) and 0.207 after 36 h (P <0.025). There was a significant increase in the infants' arterial mean blood pressure associated with Dexamethasone therapy and one infant developed Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia. In this uncontrolled study of eight full‐term infants with severe respiratory failure and pulmonary barotrauma, the use of Dexamethasone was associated with significant improvement in oxygenation and rapid weaning from mechanical ventilation.


Pyrrolisoquinoline (B) is found as a major structural motif of the erythrina alkaloid
group of natural products. We recognised that a suitably substituted bicyclic lactam
(A) could act as a precursor in an intramolecular N-acyliminium mediated
cyclisation reaction in a stereoselective approach to the core of the erythrinane target
ring system....cont'd


A new bismuth compound Bi(Hsal)3(1,10-phenanthroline) (Hsal=O2CC6H4-2-OH) has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1, with a=10.243(2), b=11.905(3), c=12.934(3), α=76.780(6), β=68.683(6), γ=80.930(7)o, V=1425.6(5)3, Dc=1.865 g/cm3, Mr=800.51, F(000)=780, μ= 6.247 mm–1, Z=2, R=0.0456 and wR=0.1131 for 5612 observed reflections (I 2σ(I)). In this compound, three salicylate ligands coordinate to the Bi atom through the carboxylate groups to form a four-membered chelate ring, and phenanthroline ligand chelates the metal through two N atoms. The structure of the title compound manifests a possible coordination mode between bismuth subsalicylate and N atom containing amino acid in the biological system.


Proton beam polarization measurement is essential for the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) spin program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) [1]. A proton-Carbon polarimeter is used to monitor beam polarization at Alternative Graduate Synchrotron (AGS) which injects 24 GeV/c protons into the RHIC. Polarization measurement is based on observing asymmetry of elastic beam proton scattering with low momentum transfer (Coulomb nuclear interference region) on a very thin carbon ribbon target. A few minute exposure provides a polarization measurement with statistical accuracy of about 2–3%. Since the carbon target width is much smaller than the beam size, polarization profile can be also measured. Performance of the AGS polarimeter in the RHIC Run 13 will be discussed.


In this paper, we develop a regularized Fenchel dual gradient method (RFDGM), which allows nodes in a time-varying undirected network to find a common decision, in a fully distributed fashion, for minimizing the sum of their local objective functions subject to their local constraints. Different from most existing distributed optimization algorithms that also cope with time-varying networks, RFDGM is able to handle problems with general convex objective functions and distinct local constraints, and still has non-asymptotic convergence results. Specifically, under a standard network connectivity condition, we show that RFDGM is guaranteed to reach ϵ-accuracy in both optimality and feasibility within iterations. Such iteration complexity can be improved to if the local objective functions are strongly convex but not necessarily differentiable. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the competence of RFDGM in practice.


ELECTRIC CURRENTS which are just perceptible are important, as it is essential that the user not get the sensation of electric shock when using electric appliances, hand tools, or other electric equipment.1 Shocks produced by currents near the threshold of perception are generally considered annoying rather than dangerous; however, when such shocks are unexpected, they are startling, and serious accident may result as a secondary effect. For example, an unexpected electric shock, far too feeble to cause injury due to direct effects of the electric current, might produce a sudden movement and cause subsequent contact with a dangerous mechanism, or it might cause loss of balance with an ensuing fall which might cause painful injury.


The hardness of cubic spinel Si3N4 was calculated by using our microscopic model of hardness combined with first principles calculation. The calculated Vickers hardness is only 33.3GPa in good agreement with its experimental values reported recently, indicating that the cubic spinel Si3N4 is not a superhard material. Our calculation results also implicate a more important fact that predicting the hardness of a material based on its bulk modulus or shear modulus is impertinent.


I compare rates of intergenerational occupational mobility across four countries in the late nineteenth century: 1869–1895 Argentina, 1850–1880 United States, 1851–1881 Britain, and 1865–1900 Norway. Argentina and the United States had similar levels of intergenerational mobility, and these levels were above those of Britain and Norway. These findings suggest that the higher mobility of nineteenth-century United States relative to Britain might not have been a reflection of "American exceptionalism," but rather a manifestation of more widespread differences between settler economies of the New World and Europe.


Wireless implantable body area network (WiBAN) is useful for monitoring vital human parameters in medical diagnosis such as breast cancer, heart attack and high blood pressure. The main objective of this paper is to design a small printed monopole antenna for WiBAN applications at 6.0 GHz. The small implantable antenna was tested in a lossy environment by being submerged into canola oil that mimics the dielectric properties of human breast fat tissue. The antenna performances were measured by using vector network analyzer (VNA) in order to evaluate the return loss and operating bandwidth of the antenna. The other parameters such as efficiency, radiation pattern and gain are evaluated by simulation of CST Studio 2012 software. When compared, there is good agreement between the simulation and measurement results. The simulated antenna gain and efficiency are 5.8 dBi and 97%, respectively, when submerged into canola oil. The antenna radiation pattern is directional, and it has 6 lobes implying its coverage in more directions which is of good benefit due to body movement. The antenna's polarization was tested by placing a wideband antenna at several degrees around the proposed Received 28 May 2013, Accepted 6 July 2013, Scheduled 9 July 2013 * Corresponding author: Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin (email@example.com).


Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) increases right ventricular (RV) workload and decreases myocardial oxygen reserve, eventually leading to poor cardiac output. This study created and assessed a novel model of RV work output based on RV hemodynamics and oxygen supply, allowing new insight into causal mechanisms of RV dysfunction.


We agree that the GLIADEL group took a different approach than ours. First, we used Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) as defined by Franklyn et al. (1) Basically, if a patient was in remission, they would also be in LLDAS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


of Doctoral Dissertation Doctoral Program in Management, Production and Design (31st Cycle) Three Essays in Energy Economics: Regulatory Aspects, Institutions and Innovation Golnoush Soroush * * * * * * Supervisor Professor Carlo Cambini Politecnico di Torino April, 2019


Glucocorticoids prevent or suppress the full inflammatory response to the infectious, immunological or physical agents by inhibiting early inflammatory events such as edema or cell exudation. The main effect of glucocorticoids on the inflammatory process is the inhibition or recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes. In this study, the effect of the glucocorticoid betamethasone on the hematological parameters of rats of the species Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout 1769 was examined in vivo. Betamethasone has been shown to affect the values of hematological parameters four hours after application and leads to a significant decrease in the prevalence of lymphocytes and monocytes, but also leads to a statistically significant increase in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit values.


Children with sensory issues often exhibit feeding difficulties, particularly selectivity (limiting the number or types of foods consumed). Disorders with a high occurrence of sensory processing dysfunction such as autism, developmental delay, genetic disorders or conditions such as prematurity or head injury are often associated with feeding problems. Typically developing children who exhibit early tactile defensiveness may also have similar sensory related feeding difficulties. Both hyper-sensitive and hyposensitive responses to stimuli and how they relate to feeding are discussed as well as the potential impact of selectivity on growth and development. Interventions for selectivity that are used in a clinical setting are reviewed with practical suggestions for managing patients with sensory feeding issues.


In 1960, there were 101 middle-income countries (MICs). By 2008, only thirteen had become high-income countries (HICs). Why do so many middle-income countries fail to develop after a promising start, becoming mired in the so-called "middle-income trap?" This is the introductory chapter to an interdisciplinary volume that addresses the special challenges MICs confront from both a theoretical and a practical perspective. Most of the existing literature that specifically discusses MICs is by economists or development specialists. This is the first volume on MICs that addresses law and development issues from the perspective of political, administrative and legal institutions and policies. This chapter begins with an overview of MICs, identifies the key issues, and then provides a synopsis of the other chapters.


Bubble lift-off diameter is characterized as the size of a bubble rising from a wall, which is vital in the boundary condition of heat transfer model and interfacial area transport equation. In this paper, mechanistic force analysis was conducted to explore a predictive model for bubble lift-off diameter in a vertical channel of subcooled boiling flow. Specifically, the component of growth force normal to the wall and the shear lift force lead to the lift-off of a bubble on the vertical surface. Through force analysis, we found that bubble lift-off diameter is arranged to be related to wall superheat, latent heat, liquid velocity, fluid properties, bulk liquid subcooling, etc. To account for the contribution of the influencing factors, the dimensionless bubble lift-off diameter was correlated with dimensionless parameters, including the Prandtl number, the Reynolds number, the Jacob number, and dimensionless subcooling. The proposed correlation was assessed according to experimental data and the predictions showed good agreement with the data.


A number of synsedimentary disturbances resulting from mass movements, mainly unstable laminar systems, and occasionally mud flows, were noted in the Lower Muschelkalk of the Holy Cross Mts. The origin of these structures is discussed in the background of sedimentary conditions prevailing during the Lower Muschelkalk.


This essay examines the recent shift in children's market popularity away from Barbie towards the hip alterity of the Bratz doll line. Tracing how race, class, and notions of "the other" have transformed the manner in which American girls are reimagining what it means to be stylish, empowered, and womanly, the essay focuses on four spaces of critical inquiry. It first considers the paradoxical investment in racial identities on which the line of Bratz dolls rely. Secondly, it interrogates the gender and sexual politics of the line. The third point of examination is the influence of materialism and commodity culture on the look, feel, and appeal of the line. Finally, it discusses the exoticization within the doll line. The "streetcred" culture with which the line exploits creates a tourist opportunity of the urban imaginary space, as well as racial identities within that space, without the messiness of the urban reality.


Quoting from the PlateSpin official announcement: PlateSpin Ltd. today announced that the company has won the 2007 Virtualization Technology of the Year award as part ...


This research was aimed at knowing whether Inquiry-Based Learning strategy enhanced students' writing ability in descriptive text or not. The research was a classroom action research. The data collected through quantitative and qualitative ways. Quantitative data was gained from the result of pre-test and post-test from writing test. Meanwhile, qualitative data was gained from the result of observation sheets toward students' and teachers activity. The instrument used by the researcher were test and observation sheet. The finding of the research shows that the strategy can improve the students' writing ability in descriptive text. the improvement can be seen from the mean score of students from pre-test, post-test one, and post-test two. The mean score of pre-test was 69.5 (35%), there were seven students who passed the minimum passing grade, in the post-test one, 72.2 (60%), twelve students passed the minimum passing grade and in the post-test two, 78.25 (85%),  seventeen students passed the minimum passing grade (KKM) from twenty students.


Network latency and bandwidth are important factors in online games for satisfying users' playability. On one hand, the development of networking technology enables the spread of broadband Internet connection, which is now common in developed counties. Therefore, the bandwidth problem is less significant than the network latency problems. On the other hand, due to the physical properties of data transmission it is hard to solve the network latency problems. Consistency is another important factor in online games for state update and player action fairness. Event ordering is one of the methods for maintaining consistency in traditional multi-process environments. The network latency and consistency maintenance are mutually exclusive relationship. Therefore, we will examine various consistency maintenance algorithms and suggest transmission schemes which can reduce network latency without increasing bandwidth requirement significantly. Our experimental results also show the effects of transmission schemes with consistency maintenance algorithms on game sessions of various numbers of players.


The present invention relates to a roller for a pendulum mass a centrifugal pendulum, comprising a rolling section and a first holding portion and a second holding portion, the holding portions having a larger diameter than the rolling portion, and wherein the roller has a width less than or equal to a first is the depth of the centrifugal pendulum. The proposed role here centrifugal pendulum for particularly flat couplings can be built. In particular, the total weight of the friction is reduced and makes installation easier.


Drought causes considerable reduction in plant growth. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to appraise the potential role of exogenously applied ascorbic acid in alleviating the effect of drought on wheat. Two contrasting wheat genotypes, a drought tolerant cultivar Chakwal-86 and a drought sensitive strain 6544-6 were used in the study. Drought was induced by dissolving 20% Polyethylene glycol (PEG8000) in the nutrient solution producing -0.6MPa osmotic stress. Drought caused a significant decrease in chlorophyll pigments and net photosynthesis resulting in growth reduction of both wheat genotypes. However, this decrease was more severe in the genotype 6544-6 compared to Chakwal-86. Ascorbic acid (AsA) was applied through rooting medium, as a foliar spray and seed soaking treatment. Ascorbic acid treated seedlings of both genotypes maintained higher chlorophyll contents, net photosynthesis and growth compared to the non-treated plants. Of the three different modes of ascorbic acid application, rooting medium was more effective in alleviating the adversities of drought in wheat.


Two new inorganic-based photosensitizer dyes of rhenium(I) attached to retinoid/carotenoid ligands have been synthesized. All ligands were prepared via Knoevenagel condensation reactions of all-trans-retinal (1) and β-apo-8'- carotenal with cyanopyridyl. Electronic UV/Visible absorption spectroscopy shows that these complexes absorb visible light efficiently. Absorption wavelengths are in the 450 nm to 600 nm range. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the frontier molecular orbitals involved during absorption process occur from the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) to low-energy LUMOs (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) of the Re metal center. Theoretical treatments also show that these orbitals are located primarily on the polyene chain and the energy gap between them is consistent with the observed optical spectrum. The photosensitizer complexes will be attached to cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles for enhanced photosensitization.


BACKGROUND Plastic surgery and dermatologic techniques are constantly being improved, but clinical expression of the aging process and its surgical management remains a challenge. OBJECTIVE To evaluate an alternative surgical approach for submandibular, mental, and periorbital loose tissue treatment. METHODS We present a modified transcutaneous bipolar diathermy microprobe using the coaxial principle for the treatment of mental, submandibular, and periorbital loose tissue. RESULTS The outcome was evaluated as satisfactory for the following reasons: lower morbidity, it is a simple time-saving surgical technique, no healing difficulties, less dehiscence, no wound exposure, minimal incisions, and a faster postoperative recovery with a simple wound care. CONCLUSION We suggest that this procedure is a simple surgical approach that delays extensive plastic surgery.


We consider the Ising model for two interacting groups of spins embedded in an Erdös–Rényi random graph. The critical properties of the system are investigated by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Our results evidence the existence of a phase transition at a value of the inter-groups interaction coupling J12C which depends algebraically on the dilution of the graph and on the relative width of the two populations, as explained by means of scaling arguments. We also measure the critical exponents, which are consistent with those of the Curie–Weiss model, hence suggesting a wide robustness of the universality class.


PurposeThe first objective of this study is to review the mechanism of conducting extra-curricular activities (ECAs) in the open and distance learning (ODL) setting. To achieve this objective, the procedure of ECAs at the Virtual University of Pakistan has been studied. The second objective of this study is to find the impact of ECAs on student engagement.Design/methodology/approachThis is a cross-sectional quantitative study. The questionnaire has been used to collect the data. The purposive sampling technique has been used, while this study's sample size is 970. An independent sample t-test has been used to find the difference between the groups.FindingsThis study shows a significant difference between the engagement levels of students who have been part of any ECA at university compared to the students who never participated in any ECA.Research limitations/implicationsThe results have been derived from the data gathered from one university only that might hinder the generalizability of the findings. The same study can be conducted in other ODL institutions to authenticate the findings.Practical implicationsThis study will help in realizing the policymakers of ODL about the importance of ECCAs. This study has also discussed an existing system of conducting ECCAs in an ODL setting that can be generalized and implemented across all the ODL universities to enhance student engagement.Originality/valueThis study has highlighted the importance of ECAs in ODL institutions that have been neglected since forever. This study is novel because it has highlighted the importance of social interaction of students in ODL and its relation with student engagement that has not been highlighted by any study so far.


The invention relates to an electrolyte containing 100 parts by weight of aprotic solvent, 1 to 50 parts by weight of lithium-containing conducting salt, 5 to 100 parts by weight of vinylene carbonate, 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of nitrile, and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of amine. The invention also relates to a lithium-ion battery comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator and said electrolyte.


Sepsis is defined by consensus as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Septic cardiomyopathy with an impairment of cardiac functionis is one of the complications of sepsis, however, the myocardial dysfunction is reversible. The physiopathologic mechanism inflammatory invovled in cytokines, immunoreaction, dysregulated intracellular calcium transporter protein, mitochondrial dysfunction, structural abnormality of extracellular histones and so on. To date, there isn′t a standard to diagnose and therapy septic cardiomyopathy. In spite of hsTnT, NT-proBNP, miRNA-497 and miRNA-21-3p can be used as myocardial markers for diagnosing septic cardiomyopathy,but they lack specificities. Recently, new myocardial markers such as lactoferrin and cluster differentiation15 which might be used for diagnosing septic cardiomyopathy have been reported. Currently, the treatment of septic cardiomyopathy is not standardized in clinical practice. In addition to conventional treatment methods such as IAPB and ECMO,the research and development of targeted molecules such as Pep2.5, caspase-11 and high mobility group box-1 protein have an important clinical application prospect. Therefore, it has a great clinical significance to strengthen the awarness on diagnosis and treatment for septic cardiomyopathy and reduce the mortality of septic cardiomyopathy through putting insight into the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy.

Key words:
Sepsis; Cardiomyopathies; Multiple organ failure


Salt has been produced in Ghana since at least the sixteenth century at many coastal sites. By the nineteenth century commercial production was concentrated in the lagoons east of Accra, and especially at Songor Lagoon just west of Ada. Here the Ada Manche and the priesthood controlled production. Much salt consumed in Asante and further north came from Accra, Ningo and Songor, and an increasing proportion went up the Volta River by canoe. The share of salt trade in the hands of the Ada traders is reflected in their virtual monopoly of the river traffic and their settlement in trading communities along the river. The British attempted to regulate and tax the trade, but market forces were more important in determining price. Salt from Ada was generally preferred to imported salt and to salt from other local sources, but the alternative of imported salt helped regulate the local prices. The importance of Daboya as a source of salt seems to have been somewhat exaggerated. Salt from Ada continued to predominate in much of Ghana in the twentieth century, but the river traffic was gradually replaced by motor transport, and the hold of the Adas on the distributive network broken. Salt continued to be produced by traditional methods at Songor until quite recently. It is still produced by traditional means for a fairly wide sale at Keta Lagoon, east of the Volta.


The luminescence properties of Lu2SiO5: Ce (LSO: Ce) and YAlO3: Ce (YAP: Ce) crystals were studied for use in medical X-ray imaging. LSO: Ce and YAP: Ce are non-hydroscopic with 7.4 g/cm and 5.5 g/cm density, and short decay time (40 ns and 30 ns respectively) scintillators. Evaluation was performed by determining the absolute luminescence efficiency (emitted light flux over incident x-ray exposure) in energies employed in general X-ray imaging (40-140 kV) and in mammographic X-ray imaging (22-49 kV). Additionally the light emission spectrum at various X-ray energies (22-140 kV), and the spectral compatibility to optical photon detectors incorporated in medical imaging systems, were determined. Furthermore, light transmission measurements were carried out in order to estimate the light transmission efficiency and to calculate their intrinsic conversion efficiency. The light emission performance of the two scintillation materials studied was found adequately high for xray imaging.


A systematic plan for improvements to the registration system and access was put into practice last month by the Nursing and Midwifery Council.


Computer designs of flat profile single drift region (SDR) Impatt devices using Si 1-x Ge x /Si heterostructure at W-band frequencies for x=10% and x=30%, respectively, where x is the Ge mole fraction, are presented. This study clearly shows that Ge mole fraction can suitably be chosen so that optimum performance of heterostructure Impatts as regards both power output and DC to RF conversion efficiency are realized.


Let G be a simple connected graph. The Wiener index of G is equal to the sum of distances between all pairs of vertices of G and terminal Wiener index of G is equal to the sum of distances between all pairs of pendent vertices (vertices of degree one) of G. In this paper we compute the Wiener and terminal Wiener indices of generalized Bethe trees and also for the rooted tree where is obtained by using coalescence of two generalized Bethe trees at rooted vertices. As a application those topological indices for dendrimer trees is computed.


Objective:To investigate the antibacterial potential of the polar and non-polar extracts of the seeds of Melia azedarach(M.azedarach) L.(Meliaceae) against eighteen hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains.Methods:Petrol,benzene,ethyl acetate,methanol,and aqueous extracts at five different concentrations(1,2,5,10 and 15 mg/mL) were evaluated.Disk diffusion method was followed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy.Results:All extracts of the seeds demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens.Among all extracts,ethyl acetate extract revealed the highest inhibition comparatively.The present study also favored the traditional uses reported earlier.Conclusions:Results of this study strongly confirm that the seed extracts of M.azedarach could be effective antibiotics,both in controlling gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogenic infections.


Aging, a kind of inevitably physical phenomenon, is a series manifestation cause by the disorder of physical structure and the descended function during the body degenerating. Although aging cannot change or fall back by human mind, it still can be delayed by modern science and technology, which can...


The distinction between private and public has been existed in debates not only between liberals and communitarians regarding the commercial or common interest on economic issues, but also among members of the same family, community, class, circle, group, institution or party, and is made sharper more in essence by social norms and ethics relating the private as aberrant, and could thus, be injurious to the mass. Such a dichotomy made between the private as purely personal instinct-driven and the public as larger and society-driven mystifies the most common libertine character that exists more implicitly among all individuals, which the libertine literature attempts to expose by bringing into practice the private pleasure to the public via, among many other genres, plays and theatric performances. This paper attempts to show how the libertine plays have been successful in challenging the-then emerging bourgeoisie sexual-morality by blurring the public and private acts, thereby expanding the possible sexual roles and identities available to late seventeenth century men and women.


A genetic analysis has been made with the data sorted from OMIM and the disease of headache comparatively. The results are as follows: If a doctor need to cure headache with the way of the expression in gene regulation, they must take the target gene as familial cluster headache (119915) for headache or migraine disease and as familial hemiplegic migraine 1 (MHP1) for hemiplegic migraine disease at first and take the target gene as glutamate monosodium sensitivity (231630), leucine transfer RNA1 (MTTL1), phenylanine transfer RNA (MTTF), transthyretin (TTR), and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) for headache and as MTTL complex 1 (subunit ND4; MTND4), and ATP synthase 6(MTATP6) for migraine at second then. There are many rare genetic or genetic defect disease will be induced headache or migraine differently. The kinds of symptom of migraine be estimated according to the brain disease that different symptom happened in a person may be about a lot of fifty thousands.


Bibliometrics is the discipline where quantitative methods were employed to probe
scientific communication process by measuring and analyzing various aspects of
written documents. It helps to monitor growth of literature and patterns of research.
This paper examines the articles published in Journal of Indian Library
Association(ILA) for ascertain number chronological distribution of articles,
number of pages, authorship pattern and degree of collaboration, institutional wise
contribution and geographical distribution of articles were recorded and analyzed
for making observations. The studies carried out for this paper found that, majority
of papers are multi- authored. The degree of collaboration is found to be 0.51. The
geographical distribution reveals that the contribution by India is the highest. And
the average author per paper is 6.0.


Background: Studies suggest that early childhood exposure to pets may protect from the development of atopy, but limited information is available on adults. The association of allergy markers in adulthood with current and childhood exposure to pets was studied considering retrospectively the window of exposure.


Long‐term improvement in health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is one of the most important outcomes of cardiac surgery. The aim of this study is to define the impact of perioperative patient and procedural variables on HRQOL dynamics, a year after cardiac surgery.


We investigated a phase-coded multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar approach which uses concatenated codes based on Hadamard matrices and almost-perfect autocorrelation sequences (APASs). Due to the structure of concatenated codes, the correlators can be implemented with a small number of taps compared to the overall sequence length. However, this type of sequence set has some limitations, which we address in this contribution. Based on numerical simulations and measurements, which we carried out using a software-defined radar (SDR) platform with 16 MIMO channels at 77 GHz, we point out how these issues can be managed.


The unstable and uncertain nature of natural rubber prices makes them highly volatile and prone to outliers, which can have a significant impact on both modeling and forecasting. To tackle this issue, the author recommends a hybrid model that combines the autoregressive (AR) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models. The model utilizes the Huber weighting function to ensure the forecast value of rubber prices remains sustainable even in the presence of outliers. The study aims to develop a sustainable model and forecast daily prices for a 12-day period by analyzing 2683 daily price data from Standard Malaysian Rubber Grade 20 (SMR 20) in Malaysia. The analysis incorporates two dispersion measurements (IQR/3 and Sn) and three levels of IO contamination 0%, 10%, and 20%. The results indicate that using the Huber weighting function with the IQR/3 measurement to build the AR(1)-GARCH(2,1) model leads to better sustainability. These findings have the potential to enhance the GARCH model by modifying the weighting function of the M-estimator


Vague terminology, lack of basic definitions—these are the foremost defects of art criticism. Music and architecture fare better, but in most writing on the visual arts, waffle and muddle add up to total irresponsibility—a situation that suits some artists and critics just fine, but deprives both of objective criteria. Here in Leonardo, which has since its founding struggled to encourage a more "scientific" approach to art, I want to make the attempt—for my own sake and for that of colleagues whose help I would like to enlist—to define some basic laws binding on the maker of pictures and essential to the understanding of picture-making. First, though, it must be clearly stated that these laws do not exist in isolation but coexist and struggle in such a way that one law will appear to dominate a given space, thereby subordinating others. Essentially, however, all are equally valid for all work on flat surfaces, whether figurative or abstract, i.e. for prints, drawings and paintings. For monumental forms the laws are somewhat differently accentuated. For performance art and installations they are modified by theatrical considerations.


A technique for designing vector quantizers that is well suited for parallel processing environments is presented. The input space is iteratively partitioned into M disjoint connected regions composed of unions of partition regions. Each of M processors then independently commutes an optimal subquantizer for its restricted input space. The partitions can regularly be changed to further improve the overall quantizer performance. This technique can improve on the performance of the generalized Lloyd algorithm by following the traditional design process with the subpartitioning iterations.<<ETX>>


[1] Oblique convergence is the general rule along convergent boundaries. Such convergence produces asymmetric deformation (topography) along the collision boundary. To quantify this asymmetry, we develop a method that allows us to calculate the asymmetry in topography with respect to a reference line drawn perpendicular to the collision boundary. The asymmetry in topography is presented as a number, or series of numbers, called here the asymmetry index. A positive asymmetry index indicates that there is more area with topography greater or equal to certain value to the east (right) of the reference line than to the west (left). The asymmetry index is negative for the opposite topography distribution. We use oblique convergent boundary conditions with a thin viscous sheet model to investigate the observed topography along the India-Eurasia collision boundary. The goal of our study is to reproduce the observed asymmetry in the topography (i.e., the high topography in the Tibetan Plateau is shifted to the east). We consider a laterally varying velocity (both magnitude and angle, which we call the angle of obliquity) along this boundary and use a homogeneous lithosphere for Eurasia. With boundary conditions alone we are unable to account for the degree of asymmetry present in the observed topography. The asymmetry in the calculated topography is enhanced by considering a rheologically stronger anomalous zone representing the Tarim basin. The use of a constant velocity (both magnitude and angle) boundary condition, as in earlier studies, produces topographic asymmetry in the opposite direction to the observed topography. This indicates that in the study of obliquely converging boundaries it is important to consider the variation of velocity (magnitude and angle) in the collisional boundary.


Although a growing body of literature suggests a principal role for observational learning in the acquisition of speech, the facial movements of infant directed speech (IDS) have rarely been studied. Identifying both the auditory and visual features of IDS is an essential step toward understanding the contribution of environmental stimulation to the development of speech and language. The current project uses three‐dimensional motion capture technology to describe how parents modify their articulatory movements when communicating with their infants. The following three experimental questions will be addressed: (1) Do parents exaggerate articulatory gestures during IDS?; (2) If so, are there individual differences among parents in the degree of IDS?; and (3) Is there a strong association between acoustic and movement characteristics of IDS? Mouth movements were recorded from twenty‐four mothers while speaking to their infants and to an unfamiliar adult. Mouth shapes during four target vowels were measured ...


Improve methodical teaching culture through mastery of technology management training activities students is now a component of the innovation strategy of higher education. The module-rating technology learning involves the creation of educational and methodical complex studied discipline that includes the module-rating program on the basis of the technological card training module and modular training manual.


Much attention has been focused on the need for sewer renovation and rehabilitation of old sewerage systems, but age is not always the reason for sewer failure. Serious problems of performance have also been encountered on sewerage schemes less than 10 years old. This paper considers the problems of groundwater infiltration into new foul sewers, and suggests that deficiencies might exist in some aspects of modern sewer design and construction.

Infiltration is most frequently observed at sewer joints. Results are presented of laboratory tests which show the ability of flexible fixed-ring joints on clay sewers to withstand both internal and external pressures. Damaged polyester fairings on the spigots of these pipes can act as one-way valves, and massive infiltration may result. The standard site water test is shown to be inadequate in detecting some of these types of defect which may result from damaged pipes or poor workmanship.