A low-energy house was built in Sisimiut, Greenland in 2004-05 and since its inauguration in April 2005, its performance and operation have been object of study for researchers and students. The house is characterised by a highly insulated building envelope, advanced windows and a ventilation system with heat recovery, which should cut the energy consumption of the building to only half of what in 2006 became the permissible value in the Greenlandic building code. In addition to this, the house is equipped with a solar collector that supplies heat to the domestic hot water system and delivers auxiliary heat to a room in the building.


The Cu atom in the title compound, [Cu(C8H7O3)2], lies on a center of inversion and exists in a square-planar enviroment that is defined by the four chelating O atoms. Intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [O⋯O = 2.711 (3)A] link adjacent molecules into a layer structure.


Welcome to 2019 9th International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematics (ICAPM 2019), which will be held in Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand during January 21-23, 2019. Chulalongkorn University founded in March 1917 is Thailand's first institution of higher learning. Chulalongkorn University has 20 faculties, 23 colleges and research institutes, over 8,000 faculty members, and over 37,000 students including undergraduates, postgraduates, and certificate program students. Chulalongkorn University is one of the world's great universities. We are delighted to come to prestigious Chulalongkorn University to meet with so many of our distinguished collaborators and scientists to explore new knowledge and ideas. ICAPM Conference is one important event organized by American Society for Research (ASR). It has been successfully held in 8 consecutive years since 2011. In the past two years, ICAPM 2017 and ICAPM 2018 Conference Proceedings have been archived into IOP Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volumes 814 (2017) and 1039 (2018) indexed by ISI Web of Science (Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI), Scopus, Engineering Information (EI), etc. ICAPM 2019 aims to provide a high level international forum which focus on interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research concerning material analysis and preparation, machinery and manufacturing engineering, fluorescent materials and biological materials, mechatronics and control engineering, metal materials and alloys, applied mathematics and computational modeling, quantum physics and astrophysics, and computer and information technology. These are all fascinating topics related to future needs. 28 Selected and important results will also publish in the peer-reviewed conference journal. We express our thanks and appreciation to our keynote speakers Prof. Yoshihiko Uematsu from Gifu University in Japan, Assoc. Prof. Ratchatin Chancharoen from Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, Prof. Naoyuki Ishimura from Chuo University in Japan, Prof. Jong-Shenq Guo from Tamkang University in Taiwan, Assoc. Prof. Vadim Rashitovich Gasiyarov from South Ural State University in Russia, and all the participants and committee members for all support to ICAPM 2019. January 2019 Prof. Po-Liang Liu National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan


The class of new materials based on macrofullerenes with emphasis on C 60 and C 70 , is presented and synthetic concepts of polymer derivatives of fullerenes are outlined. A classification system is suggested and discussed. The fundamentals of fullerene reactivity, both major types of fullerene-containing polymers, main chain and side chain polymers as well as special types such as telechelic, macrocyclic, dendrimeric, and star-shaped fullerene materials are highlighted and, additionally, fullerene-containing copolymers via radical polyreactions and preparative aspects of surface-attached fullerenes are presented. The properties of the macromolecular fuilerene derivatives are discussed in view of their structure and application.


A process for protecting wooden surfaces from damage by light comprises treatment with a coating compsn. contg. a benzophenone of formula (I), where i = 1-4; if i = 1, L = H, 1-20C alkyl, 2-20C alkyl substd. with one or two OH or with COOH, 1-12C alkoxy, OPh, 2-20C alkylcarbonyl, 3-20C alkenylcarbonyl, 2-20C alkanoyloxy, 3-20C alkenoyloxy or Ph, glycidyl, 4-20C alkyl with 1-6 in-chain O atoms or 1 or 2 in-chain carbonyloxy or oxycarbonyl gps., 2-18C alkenyl or alkanoyl, 3-18C alkenoyl, -COPh (opt. substd. with 1 or 1-4C alkyl gps.), opt. substd. Ph or naphthyl, or a gp. of formula -(CH2)j-CH(OH)-(CH2)k-OR9 (II), -(CH2)m-COOR9 (III) or gp. of formula (IV) -(VI); j, k = 0-4; m = 1-4; R9 = 1-18C alkyl or Ph; a, b, c = 0-50; A = R7 or -O-Si(R7)3 (with R7 = 1-12C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, cyclohexyl or Ph); E1 = OH, 1-12C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, cyclohexyl, Ph or -O-Si(R7)3; E2 = H, 1-12C alkyl, cyclohexyl, Ph, -Si(R7)3 or -Si(R6)(R7)2; or E1 + E2 = direct bond; R6 = a gp. of formula (VII); L1 = direct bond, -CnH2n-, -(CH2)n-O-, -CH2CHOHCH2O- or -CH2CHOHCH2O(CH2)3- (with n = 1-4); R8 = 1-18C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, 5-7C cycloalkyl or Ph; x = 0, 1 or 2; R1 = 1-12C alkyl or 5-8C cycloalkyl; R1' = sec. or tert. 3-12C alkyl or 5-8C cycloalkyl; L2 = the meaning of L when i = 2; R3' = H or 1-18C alkyl; if i = 2, L = 1-12C alkylene, 3-12C alkylene substd. with OH, 1-8C alkoxy, 2-20C alkoxycarbonyl or alkanoyloxy, 3-20C alkenoyloxy or silyl gp. (IV), 4-20C alkylene with 1-6 in-chin O atoms or gps. as above, o-, m- or -xylylene, phthaloyl, iso- or tere-phthaloyl, or alpha,omega-4-12C alkanediyl; if i = 3, L = 3-12C alkane-triyl or -trioyl, trimellitoyl, or 6-20C alkanetriyl with 3 in-chain -COO- or -OCO- gps.; if i = 4, L = 4-16C alkane-tetrayl or -tetraoyl, pyromellitoyl, or 8-24C alkanetetrayl with 4 in-chain -COO- or -OCO- gps.; R2 = H, 1-18C alkyl or Cl; R3 = H, Cl, OMe, -SR10, -SOR10 or -SO2R10; R4 = H, OH, 1-18C alkyl or 2-18C alkenyl; R5 = H, Cl or -OL (with L as for when i = 1); R10 = 1-20C alkyl, 2-20C alkyl substd. with OH, 1-12C alkoxy, silyl gp. (IV), 2-12C alkanoyloxy, 3-12C alkenoyloxy or halo, 3-18C alkenyl, 5-12C cycloalkyl, 7-15C phenylalkyl, 6-10C aryl (opt. substd. with 1 or 2 1-4C alkyl), or 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluoro-(6-16C alkyl); if i = 1, at least one of the gps. R2, R3 and R5 is other than H and R3 is not OMe if R2 = R5 = H and L = Me. Also claimed are a protective coating compsn. for wood contg. cpd(s). (I); and benzophenones of formula (I) per se.


The transmigration of lymphocytes across vascular endothelium is a critical step for the localization of lymphocytes to lymph nodes in both naïve and immune reactive states. Mice deficient in lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α)lack peripheral and gut associated lymph nodes. Lymphocyte function and homing ability are reported to be normal in these mice yet information regarding cell adhesion molecules and counterpart vascular addressins is lacking. The phenotype of peripheral lymphocytes from LT-α deficient mice was investigated by the use of fluorescent activated cell sorting and immunohistochemistry. No difference was detected in the splenocyte and tissue expression of L-selectin, α 4 β 7 or its individual integrin components, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule (MAdCAM-1), intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), peripheral node addressin (PNAd), or platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) between wild-type and LT-α deficient mice. Therefore, impaired expression of these lymphocyte homing and vascular addressin molecules is apparently not included in the phenotype of the LT-α deficient mouse.


Position uncertainty is one of the most important quantities of an unorganised three-dimensional point clouds since it provides the confidence level of any parametric estimation such as surface normal vector estimation and the registration of point clouds. We present an explicit form of position uncertainty based on the covariance analysis of a point. In addition, an explicit form of the variance of an estimated surface normal vector and an algorithm to evaluate an optimal size of the neighbourhood of a point which minimises the variance of the estimated normal vector are presented.


Steeply inclined seam is a seam whose angle of dip ranges from 45° to 90°. Uneven subsidences of Goaf will damage the structure of the buildings on the ground surface, if improper choice and handling of foundation and buildings, part of the building will crack, tilt, until collapse. In this paper, we have a research on the area of goaf of steeply inclined seam, using numerical simulation to theoretically research and predict on the regulations of settlement, horizontal displacement, stress change of ground in goaf from now on to 20 years later. And this provides us theoretical basises and necessary suggestions for the use of ground in goaf and the safety of buildings.


that are important in: (a) the oligomerization and nuclear localization of the p53 protein (reviewed in Refs. 93-96); (b) the recognition of DNA damage (97, 98); (c) the negative regulation of p53 binding to promoter sequences; (d) the transcription of p53-transactivated genes (99); and (e) the induction of apoptosis (100). Laboratory studies have shown that at least two point mutations in the NH2 terminus of p53 are required to inhibit its transcriptional transactivity (92); therefore, deletions and inser tions are a more detrimental mutagenic mechanism than single point mutations for disrupting these NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal func tional domains.


The paper discusses the present and future of electrical machines and variable-speed drives. Although at present improved DC drives are emerging the market for DC drives is expected to fall and AC drives will dominate the market. Different manufacturers have released various universal drives, and it is expected that other similar drives will also emerge. There will be an increase in vector-controlled drives (speed-sensorless implementations as well), permanent magnet synchronous motor drives and different types of reluctance motor drives (switched reluctance motor, synchronous reluctance motor). Various drives, including vector and direct torque controlled drives are also discussed and compared. It is also shown that there will be a revolution in the packaging of drives and also in the application of various intelligent control techniques, (fuzzy, neural, fuzzy-neural etc.) techniques. Drive efficiency will be a critical issue. Trends for minimum configuration DSP controlled drives are also discussed. Results of a survey on the future of drives are also presented. This involves a large number of manufacturers.


The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, specifically to a feces sampling device. The feces sampling device comprises a collector and a sampler, wherein the sampler is placed in the collector in a nestable way, the collector is detachably and hermetically connected with the sampler, a sample pushing device is arranged in the sampler and can carry out relative displacement of a certain distance in the sampler, the sampler is hermetically connected with the collector while the sample pushing device is pushing a sample out from the interior of the sampler, and the sampler is detachably disconnected with the collector while the sample pushing device is moving from a sampling mouth to the interior of the sampler to expose a sampling chamber. The feces sampling device is simple in structure and convenient to use, facilitates a user in effective controlling of a sampling amount during feces sampling and enables the feces sample to be conveniently and rapidly dissolved into a buffer, thereby obtaining more accurate examination results.


Whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators have been studied in many areas such as sensing, lasing, and fundamental study due to their high-quality factor and small mode volume. WGM microresonators are always coupled by a tapered fiber, and the coupling is controlled by a 3D nanotranslation stage. We always suffer from the instability of coupling condition, which means it is difficult to put microresonators in practical applications. In this talk, I will present a few methods to utilize WGM microresonators for nonlinear and sensing applications. At first, I will talk about Raman lasing and the optical analog of electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) in a packaged whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microtoroid resonator. Secondly, I will introduce several sensing applications such as gas sensing, magnetic field sensing and acoustic sensing based on WGM microresonators. In gas sensing, we have proved the microresonators is one of the optimal gas sensors due to their sensitivity, selectivity and stability. In magnetic field sensing, we demonstrated a compact and robust magnetometer with a high sensitivity of 880 pT/Hz1/2 and a 4-decade dynamic range. Moreover, we have also successfully applied microresonators in acoustic sensing and imaging. Our device has achieved much higher sensitivity than the reported commercial acoustic micro sensors. These results open the way for portable, robust, and stable WGM microlasers and sensors for applications in various environments. DATE: Tuesday, January 23, 2018 TIME: 3:00 p.m. PLACE: Green Hall, Room 0120 Thesis advisor: Dr. Lan Yang This seminar is in partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Philosophy degree


The advanced oxidation of paracetamol (1) promoted by TiO2/UV system in aqueous medium was investigated. Continuous monitoring by several techniques, such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), TOC (total organic carbon), and ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), revealed that whereas the removal of paracetamol was highly efficient under these conditions, its mineralization was not likewise accomplished. GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis showed that hydroquinone, aliphatic carboxylic acids, monohydroxy and dihydroxy paracetamol were the main products formed as a result of such degradation process. Based on these results, a reaction route for the degradation of paracetamol induced by the TiO2/UV system was suggested. Fragmentation pathways, as obtained from the mass spectra data, were also proposed for the trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of monohydroxy and dihydroxy paracetamol.


This workshop has been organized with planned, detailed presentations of specific parent-daughter systems , as well as with serious attempts to correlate the chronology extracted from individual systems, with the general aim of achieving a self-consistent chronology for the early solar system. There is a parallel effort to establish a set of consistent stellar production mechanisms and sources, to account for the introduction in the solar system of short-lived nuclides. However, there is a sufficiently wide range in mean lives among the various short-lived nuclides, that exponential decay intervals can wreak havoc with the implied production ratios and required number of diverse stellar sources. The purpose of an introduction is to recognize the advances in the field as well as to remind us of the complexities of the individual parent-daughter systems. A driving force has been the attempt to define a consistent chronology. This driving force can be taken to extremes, where the desire for different systems to be concordant results in minimizing the importance of the complexities of individual systems and of limitations of specific data or of data on specific samples. It is clear from a plethora of robust data that many short-lived parent nuclides were introduced (live) in the early solar system and that evidence for their existence has been preserved. It is less clear that a specific parent-daughter, short-lived system provides a well-defined chronology and it is much less clear that chronologies from different systems are correlated or can be considered to be consistent or " forced " into being consistent with judicious, rather than arbitrary choices. The primary considerations are: a) Did the radioactive parent(s) get mixed uniformly, within the early solar system, prior to solid body formation, or at least in the regions of the solar system from where samples that are being dated originate? and b) Were the requirements met for internal isochron determinations, for individual parent-daughter systems and specific sam-ples? To a large extent, the answer to (a) is the last thing to determine, based on whether consistent chronologies can be defined. The requirements for (b) are an initial state of uniform isotopic compositions among coexist-ing mineral phases, with sufficient (chemical) dispersion in parent-daughter ratios. For multistage evolution , there may also be a correlation of initial isotopic compositions and time. If the analytical techniques involve leaching, the key question is whether the parent daughter ratios of the leaches and/or residues preserve …


Given a set of polygons with adjacency information, we consider the problem of constructing a shape that is similar to the input polygon (target shape) by grouping multiple adjacent polygons. An example of such a set is a set of prefectures in Japan. There are many attempts to create a mascot for a certain prefecture by focusing on the similarity of shapes, or to create a learning material of prefectures by finding an animal or a vehicle that looks like a given prefecture. On the other hand, we consider grouping multiple prefectures into one that resembles an input shape by mathematical optimization, and propose a heuristic solution method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed through numerical experiment to form animal shapes using prefectural data. Our approach has various interesting applications, such as creating learning materials for children to study prefectures, and making geographical puzzles.


Orchids are extraordinary plants that have evolved the strategy of dispersing their pollen in little sacs called pollinia. Pollinia are normally attached by supports (caudicles) to adhesive pads (viscidia) that stick to various body parts of the pollinator. The entire pollination unit is called a pollinarium. Since pollen dispensed in pollinia is not available as food to most insects (van der Cingel 1995), orchids supply nectar or have evolved ingenious patterns of mimicry and deceit to attract potential pollinators (Endress 1994).

Beetle associations with orchids are diverse. Beetles may visit orchid flowers simply for nectar, or at the same time acquire pollinaria and serve as pollinators. Beetles can also feed and raise their brood on orchid floral and vegetative parts. Some orchids depend on various Coleoptera for pollination and have produced "cantharophilous" flowers especially attractive to beetles (Endress 1994, Kalshoven and van der Laan 1981).

The present study provides the first fossil evidence of beetles serving as pollinators of orchids. The two examples consist of a cryptorhynchine weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican amber with an orchid pollinaria attached to its thorax and a ptilodactyline beetle (Coleoptera: Ptilodactylidae) in Mexican amber with a pollinarium adhering to its mouthparts. These pollinaria are described below and associations between beetles and orchids are reviewed.

The Dominican amber specimen was obtained from mines located in the Cordillera Septentrional of the Dominican Republic. These mines are in the Altimira facies of the El Mamey formation, which is shale-sandstone interspersed with a conglomerate of well-rounded pebbles (Eberle et al. 1980). Ages range from 20–15 Ma (Iturralde-Vinent …


A review is given of properties and applications of reagents of the arsenazo-thoron group. Methods for determining Th, U, Zr, Pu, Np, Am, Sc, Be, Al, In, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Li, Ba, Sr, Bi, sulfates and F are discussed. (217 references) (R.V.J.)


Purpose

By incorporating the resource-based view with the dynamic capability view, this study aims to examine the link between corporate political networking strategy and firm performance in transition economies by focusing on the mediating role of corporate entrepreneurship and the moderating role of dysfunctional competition.

Design/methodology/approach

A large-scale questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,300 senior managers from 650 enterprises in China, and valid survey data were obtained from 401 enterprises.

Findings

Empirical results demonstrate that political networking strategy is positively related to firm performance and that this relationship is fully mediated by corporate entrepreneurship. Moderated path analysis indicates that dysfunctional competition strengthens the direct effect of political networking strategy on corporate entrepreneurship and its indirect effect on firm performance via corporate entrepreneurship.

Originality/value

This research is among the first to examine the mediating mechanism underlying the relationship between political networking strategy and firm performance in the context of transition economies. In addition, existing research has seldom discussed the effects on corporate entrepreneurship of external resource acquisition from government sources. This research fills this important gap and identifies the condition under which political networking benefits corporate entrepreneurship.


This paper puts forward an information retrieval system based on XML documents database on the foundation of segmentation technology,index technology and structured query language technology.The system models are composed of a series of modules,including segmentation module,index module and query module.


Liquid-liquid emulsions encountered in aerobic bioprocesses consist of an immiscible dispersed oil phase that that acts as a solute gas vector or the bioprocess substrate. Mass transfer of solute gases into such systems has been a topic of continual research. It has been established that the oil phase is responsible for the higher solubility of the solute gas, but its presence also affects the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Enhanced, depressed and constant values of the latter have been reported in literature, and such varied behaviour has long posed a difficulty in its modelling. However, recent studies on the equivalent absorption concept have illustrated that varied behaviour of the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient can be linked to how changes in the emulsion's solubility are accounted for in the formulations describing the system. These findings suggest that current reports in literature can be reconciled by reviewing how different formulations account for the emulsion's solubility. This study re-examines formulations used to study mass transfer by the frequently employed dynamic method. The overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient, as measured by this method, is modelled in terms of modified enhancement factor models. These models are able to simulate enhanced, depressed and constant values of the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Furthermore, the models are validated against two experimental case studies that considered oxygen absorption into perfluorocarbon/water and n-alkanes/water emulsions. It is concluded that these models can be used in future empirical and predictive studies on mass transfer by the dynamic method in gas-liquid-liquid and gas-liquid-liquid solid systems.


Dedication. Acknowledgments. Introduction to the Second Edition. PART I: THEORY. Chapter 1: What Is Golf Course Architecture? Chapter 2: Basic Criteria. Chapter 3: Hazards. Chapter 4: Form and Function of Green Complexes. Chapter 5: From Tee to Fairway. Chapter 6: Individual Golf Holes. Chapter 7: The Beautiful and the Ugly. Chapter 8: The Recreational Process of Golf. Chapter 9: The Ideal Golf Course Architect. PART II: PRACTICE. Chapter 10: The Site Analysis and Feasibility Study. Chapter 11: The Ideal Design Process. Chapter 12: The Evolving Design Process. Chapter 13: Computers, Satellites, and Image Technology. Chapter 14: Economics of Course Construction. Chapter 15: Plans, Specifications, and Bidding. Chapter 16: Aspects of the Construction Sequence. Chapter 17: Tee, Green, and Bunker Construction. Chapter 18: Irrigation. Chapter 19: Seedbed Preparation and Planting. Chapter 20: Turfgrass Establishment and Maturation. Chapter 21: Improvement Plans and Renovation. Chapter 22: Golf and the Environment. Postscript. Appendix. Index.


Biochemical processes often require spatial regulation and specific microenvironments. The general lack of organelles in bacteria limits the potential of bioengineering complex intracellular reactions. Here we demonstrate Transcriptionally Engineered Addressable RNA Solvent droplets (TEARS) as synthetic microdomains within the Escherichia coli. TEARS are assembled from RNA-binding protein recruitment domains fused to poly-CAG repeats that spontaneously drive liquid-liquid phase separation from the bulk cytoplasm. Targeting TEARS with fluorescent proteins revealed multilayered structures and a non-equilibrium mechanism controlling their composition and reaction robustness. We show that TEARS provide organelle-like bioprocess isolation for sequestering biochemical pathways, controlling metabolic branch points, buffering mRNA translation rates and scaffolding protein-protein interactions. TEARS are a simple and versatile tool for spatially controlling E. coli biochemistry.


Financial solidarity between member states of the European Union has a 60 years-old history going back right to the origins of the European project in the early 1950s. However, the first 20 years or so were dominated by the financing of projects in the context of rapidly rebuilding European economies. This early period has to be seen also in the broader context of the Bretton Woods system and in particular the creation of the IMF. The first severe tests to the Union's solidarity mechanisms with a macro-financial dimension came during the oil shocks which led to peaks in macroeconomic imbalances in the mid-seventies and mid-eighties. I explain the origins and motivations for the instruments for balance-of-payments assistance developed during this period. I document the evolution of European macro-financial solidarity mechanisms by examining various episodes of activation of the instrument, filling a gap in the literature on the history of European economic and financial integration. Finally, revisiting the history of European macro-financial stability tools during the period between the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates and the creation of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) can further our understanding of recently developed and reinforced financial solidarity mechanisms at the European and the global level.


The solution of the three-dimensional problem of radiation from an infinite waveguide antenna array is considered. Investigated is an antenna array with a subarray of matching elements. The antenna system has triangular cells of radiation elements location. The study method is based on using an integral equation with separation of piercing domain.


This four-volume work provides a detailed, multicultural survey of established as well as "new" American religions and investigates the fascinating interactions between religion and ethnicity, gender, politics, regionalism, ethics, and popular culture. * Comprises contributions from more than 100 top scholars covering a breadth of topics such as Dia de los Muertos, Heathenry, Islam, Pentecostalism, roadside shrines, Sufism, Wicca, and Zen from a variety of interdisciplinary perspectives * Provides thought-provoking insights into religion's interactions with cultural backdrops throughout America, including in education, entertainment, the Internet, the environment, politics, and at home * Contains photographs and illustrations depicting a wide range of religious figures and activities as well as significant religious sites in the United States * Supplies an entire volume of primary source documents illustrating the religious diversity in American culture, including Cecil B. DeMille's essay "The Screen as Religious Teacher" as well as more conventional materials on Christian Science, the New Age, and Buddhism


The setting of the directions of applied physics specialty is discussed in detail in this paper and good teaching effect is achieved with the establishment of the teaching system with the direction of material science,the construction of faculty and the improvement of practical teaching.


Nonisothermal relaxation processes in deformed and undeformed KBr-Tl single crystals were compared in the cases of x ray and ultraviolet excitation (from the region of activator and exciton absorption bands). Some specific peculiarities in the course of relaxation process, which are dependent upon the type of excitation, were revealed in the deformed crystals. It was concluded that the processes lead to the electron-hole mechanism of excitation of recombination luminescence in the case of x irradiation. (auth)


The policy framework for the hardwood resource and hardwood industry in western Oregon and Washington is examined. Harvesting trends, harvesting behavior of public and private landowners, and harvesting regulation are presented to complete the analysis of factors affecting short-run hardwood supply. In the short term, the supply of hardwoods is generally favorable, but in the long term, the supply is uncertain and cause for concern. Hardwoods need to be recognized in forest management in the Pacific Northwest.


Abstract : Noise Exposure Forecast (NEF) areas resulting from takeoff and landing operations at John F. Kennedy Airport, New York, are shown for 1965, 1970, and 1975. The NEF areas depict areas of differing land-use compatibility with respect to aircraft noise; hence, the NEF areas may be used as a guide to land-use planning or zoning. The NEF areas are based upon aircraft noise described in terms of effective perceived noise levels, plus consideration of the number of operations per daytime and nighttime period. NEF areas B and C show sizable increases between 1965 and 1970. Between 1970 and 1975, a very moderate increase in NEF areas B and C is forecast.


System for treating, in particular for painting, objects, in particular vehicle bodies, with a) at least one bath, in which a treatment liquid, in particular a paint, is located, into which the articles are to be dipped; b) a conveying device with which the articles can be performed in a continuous or intermittent translation movement through the installation; c) a plurality of immersion devices which each bear on a via a connection structure with the conveyor associated supporting structure an object and are able to immerse this object in the bath, characterized in that d) the connecting structure comprises at least one steering linkage which in turn comprises: are da) two spaced-apart from each link (40, 41, 42, 43) hinged (at one end to the conveyor 5) and at the other end pivotally connected to the support structure (44); db) at least one means (45 to 52), with which at least one of the two links (40, ...


Poster: "RANZCR-AOCR 2012 / R-0079 / Pneumocephalus And Orbital Surgical Emphysema in The Absence of Skull Fracture: Is Optic Nerve a True Cranial Nerve?" by: "B. Abed-Haghighi, M. Haybittel"


The objective of the theoretical essay is to analyze the educational proposal contained in the A União Faz a Vida Program, an initiative of the Sicredi Foundation. Based on the epistemological and ontological foundations of the historical-dialectical materialism method, documents were analyzed, such as the proposal for the Program in question. The results pointed that in recent years there has been considerable interference by the private sector in Brazilian school education, resulting in the mischaracterization of the role of the State in the direct execution of social responsibilities with public education. In the educational context, privatizing initiatives have intensified, which characterizes direct accountability through the privatizing dimension of educational provision, management and curriculum. The A União Faz a Vida Program transits, in this context, as a trainer and partner of the State, in addition to meeting the interests of the business community and the economic market in different Brazilian municipalities. As for the performance of the analyzed Program, training for cooperativism has been the core of the proposal disseminated over the last twenty-seven years, although this dimension is far from a counter-hegemonic perspective that would favor an effective process of appropriation, on the part of the students, in terms of objectivations produced by humanity and that could culminate in emancipation, with a view to transforming social practice.


Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of mortality in most countries. Electrocardiography (ECG) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) are non-invasive disgnostic tests for CAD. Finding a relationship between abnormal findings in the baseline ECG and MPI findings can be helpful in better diagnosis of CAD. Materials and Methods: The present study examined ECG of patients who underwent MPI and categorized them into three groups: normal ECG, abnormal ST-T change, and abnormal Q or fragmented QRS. The quantitative and semi-quantitative parameters as well as visual interpretation of MPI were compared among the three groups. Results: Finally, 230 patients entered the study, including 92 patients (40.0%) with normal ECG, 86 patients (37.4%) with ST-T changes and 52 patients (22.6%) with fQRS-Q complex abnormality. In total, 77 patients (33.5%) had positive MPI scan. There were significant differences between the normal and ST-T subgroups with Q-fQRS group for all quantitative and semi-quantitative variables, however, normal and ST-T groups were significantly different only in terms of SSS, SDS and TPDs. Frequency of abnormal MPI was significantly higher in Q-fQRS group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that myocardial ischemia is more frequent in patients with baseline ST-T ECG changes. In addition, Q-fQRS abnormality is associated with higher rates of both myocardial scar and ischemia in MPI.


The research aims to study and systematize the global experience of extreme sports development in the XX- XXI centuries.

Methods and organization of the research. The research includes theoretical and applied analysis of the gen- esis of extreme sports based on the integration of scientific expertise and experience of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of physical culture and sport management, social psychology and pedagogy; sociology of personality and youth subcultures. The analysis of previous studies, mass media and the online survey contrib- uted to the systematization of extreme sports development models.

Results of the research. The research presents the systematization of the international experience of extreme sports development in the XX-XXI centuries. We identified four models (American, European (Western and Eastern), Asian and Russian), which vary in terms of development, cultivated sports, targets, principles and characteristics.

Conclusion. Summing up the analysis of development of extreme sports in XX-XIX centuries in the world, we came to the conclusion that the level of development of extreme in youth depends to a large extent on geo- graphical position of countries, modern socio-economic conditions in which young population of countries are located; State policy in the field of physical culture and sports; Urban urbanization and urban infrastruc- ture; Social activism of youth and private businesses; The functioning of the media.


The electrochemical reduction of four 1,4-thienodiazepines at a rotating disc glassy carbon electrode has been investigated and reduction mechanisms are proposed. The method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of a 1,4-thienodiazepine in pharmaceutical formulations with coefficients of variation of 1–3%.


We describe the graphical study of geodesic motion on Schwarzshild Robertson-Walker space-time using the symbols and graphical computation facilities of maple platform.


This study investigated the gluing characteristics of green wood from plantation forest. The experiment used epoxy and polyurethane adhesives for finger jointing wood of planted Taiwan fir (Taiwania cryptomerioides). The finger joint-glued specimens were tested under tension and both tensile strength and acoustic emission hits were determined. The main results are as follows: 1. The tensile strength of finger joints was 1.7 times stronger for wood specimen tested in dry than in wet conditions. No significant differences in jointing strength values were observed between the two adhesives used. 2. There were more total counts of AE hits for dry than for wet wood conditions. 3. In general, good linear correlations were seen between cumulative AE hits and jointing strength. 4. Immediately preceeding tension failure, higher counts of relative AE hits with large amplitude were found for wood specimens tested in dry than in wet conditions.


Leaf scars on the fruiting spurs of the cherry varieties Roundel (high resistance) and Napoleon (low resistance) were inoculated with Pseudomonas mors-prunorum on four separate occasions in the autumn, using, on each occasion, the same range of five different inoculum concentrations. The results, recorded the following year, showed that the percentage diseased spurs (disease incidence) and the severity of the disease symptoms (disease severity) both increased with inoculum concentration.

The median threshold concentration of inoculum (T. C. 50), defined as the concentration necessary to give 50% diseased spurs, varied with time of inoculation, but on all occasions was considerably higher for Roundel than for Napoleon.

In another experiment the leaf scars at the nodes of the current year's growth, inoculated at weekly intervals throughout the autumn, were found to be susceptible from the beginning of September to the latter part of October. During this period disease incidence varied considerably with time of inoculation. There was evidence that this variation was related to two factors which influenced the numbers of bacteria penetrating into leaf scars, namely, (1) the rate of evaporation of the infection drop, and (2) the rate of suction of inoculum into the vessels of the leaf traces.

The experiments provided evidence of a long infection period beginning early in the autumn. It is suggested, therefore, that the timing of bactericidal sprays in the autumn be advanced and that the present concept of 'protective' sprays in disease control be replaced by one based on the eradication of external sources of inoculum.


Abstract Like many other organisms, Simuliidae often show a high degree of endemism on oceanic islands, and the Gulf of Guinea, including its islands, is a region of general biogeographical interest in view of the uniqueness of its flora and fauna. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Simuliidae in the region, and is the first faunistic record of blackflies from Bioko. Simuliidae (larvae, pupae and neonate adults) were collected from Bioko and from around Mount Cameroon and compared with previous findings from Mount Cameroon, Príncipe and São Tomé. Twenty‐seven species are known from the region. Twenty‐five species have been recorded around Mount Cameroon, eight species on Bioko, three species on São Tomé and one species on Príncipe. Two taxonomic 'forms' (one on Bioko alone, and one on both Bioko and around Mount Cameroon) and one species (found only on São Tomé) are endemic to the region. A study of the variation in the morphology of Simulium cervicornutum revealed two morphotypes, one from Bioko and around Mount Cameroon and the other from the rest of Africa. The speciation and biogeography of the Simuliidae in the Gulf of Guinea are discussed.


The enhancement of distribution networks into smart grids is based on three pillars: • Energy management on distribution level, • Distribution system automation, • Involvement of the consumers into the market for electricity by smart metering All these functions require an intensive exchange of data. As a consequence, the information and communication technology (ICT) will penetrate the distribution level down to the end customers. (consumers and/or producers) at the low voltage networks. Today, the information exchange requires a data conversion between the levels of power system control what causes high engineering efforts. Furthermore, the data base systems of the various control levels are normally installed by different vendors. Consequently, the data formats are not compatible and not easily exchangeable. Within the European lighthouse project WEB2Energy (W2E) www.web2energy.com, all three pillars of SmartDistribution will be performed based on the common communication standard IEC 61850 and the Common Information Model CIM for data management accordingly IEC 61968/70 for the active operations in the 20 kV networks of the HSE AG The project is funded by the European Union. • Advanced solutions have to be developed for this new field of applications: • Architecture, security and performance of the complete ICT system • Mapping of IEC 61850 layer 7 to various physical and link layers used in the infrastructure, • Development of remote terminal units (RTU) "speaking" IEC 61850 for distribution functions, • Integration of the available meter technology using different communication protocols, • Design and operation of the control center for the 3 pillars in the 20 kV distribution network, • Data base systems applying IEC 61968/70 CIM for the control center, • Converter for IEC 61850 data models into the CIM format and reverse, • Strategies for virtual power plants (VPP) with power producers, storage and switchable loads, • Concept for a dynamic pricing and WEB presentation for consumer market participation, • Adaptation and extension of the IEC 61850 data models to the needs of distribution systems, • Consideration of the new models in the IEC working groups to enhance the standards accordingly. The experiences of these complex development targets are considered and presented in detail.


An autopilot system is necessary in order to perform a self- propulsion free running test. An autopilot based on PID control theory is generally used. However, there has recently been a tendency to apply fuzzy theory to process control in various industrial fields. In this report, fuzzy sets are applied to design the autopilot system to perform the free running model experiment in a towing tank with a radio controlled manoeuvring system. The experiment was carried out in the course-keeping and course-changing mode in both still water and directional spectrum waves with fuzzy and PD control. Here three scale factors are used, which have a relation to heading angle, turning rate and rudder angle respectively. A computer simulation using the M.M.G. model is compared with the experimental results, and a performance index is investigated to appraise the autopilot system and to determine the optimum scale factors.


Welcome to the second issue of the Journal of Marketing Behavior (JMB), the new, peer-reviewed behavioral journal sponsored by the European Marketing Academy (EMAC). As noted at the outset of our first issue, "JMB seeks to become a premier scientific outlet for behavioral research in marketing that has relevant and interesting practical implications for decision makers, be they managers, policy makers, or consumers" (Wertenbroch 2015, p. 1). One way to contribute to that objective is to give room to academic thought leaders who raise, or comment on, important theoretical or substantive questions that are of interest to behavioral researchers in marketing and beyond — to provide perspectives on important aspects of behavioral research without necessarily offering their own primary empirical evidence. The second issue of JMB therefore continues to feature a mix of such perspectives articles with other, empirical work. JMB's stated editorial aim is to target "theoretically grounded research that uncovers, describes, systematizes, and/or explains human behavior in the marketplace" (Wertenbroch 2015, p. 1). Our first issue featured a series of perspectives, anchored by Simonson (2015), on the accomplishments and the future of research on behavioral decision theory (BDT) and judgment and decision-making (JDM). Our second issue continues to examine the roots of research into human behavior in the marketplace. A target article by Barry Schwartz questions whether the very standard by which behavioral researchers assess the rationality of human behavior, expected utility maximization, is, in fact, an appropriate normative benchmark (Savage 1954; von Neumann and Morgenstern 1947). Schwartz raises three concerns with axiomatic views of rational choice as utility maximization — that epistemic uncertainty often


: This study introduce that we studied optimization and possibility of smoke spread prevention with air-curtain system in undersea tunnel named from Ho-Nam to Jeju line in domestic if a fire break out in train. To verify performance, air-curtain system is installed between rescue station platform and each door of passenger car to provide safety route to evacuator and we studied simulation model of various cases about 15 MW fire severity considering domestic specifications. As a result we verified the fact that CASE1(air jet with 15degree toward passenger car) and CASE 5 (air jet with 15degree toward passenger car and pressure air blast from cross passage) is best Smoke Spread Prevention and less inflow carbon monoxide. Through above results, we expect that air-curtain system is one of the facilities for fire safety and provide us safety platform route in undersea tunnel.


A low half-wave voltage V? of 1.57??V was obtained with a 2-cm-long birefringent polymer waveguide modulator at a wavelength of 1.3 µm by use of a modulator design with a constant-bias electric field and a high-µ? chromophore. The design allows the maximum achievable electro-optic coefficient of the material to be utilized. This electro-optic coefficient can be more than twice as high as the residue value that is used by conventional modulator designs, after fast partial relaxation following poling.


Residual dynamic of endosulfan in cotton,cottonseed and soil were determined by gas chromatography.The result showed that endosulfan residues were quantified by GC and the sample was purified by Florisil-SPE column.The results showed that endosulfan's half-lives in cotton and soil were 5.92d and 19.92d.The final residues of endosulfan in cottonseed were not detectable.


1. The material used in this investigation is the pollen mother cells of Linum perenne, L. which were fixed in BOUIN'S solution. Sections were cut at seven micra and stained with iron-alum-haematoxylin. 2. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the pairing spireme of the diplotene stage divides into four sections with a slender neck in the middle of the threads. Probably this is the origin of the tetrad chromosomes. Towards the end of the diplotene stage the spireme gradually contracts developing into the more compact gemini of the following diakinesis. Consequently in the, early shorty afterward, by the end of the dickinesis, the tedrad chromosomes becomc more contracted diakinesis, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the slender part of the spireme (gemini) becomes some-what obscured. But in the late diakinesis when the pairing gemini have contracted further and become more or less roand, there appears a narrow crack in the middle part of each of the pair dividing them into four sections (Fig. 7 a). These four are the tetrad chromosomes. But shortly afterward, by the end of the dickinesis, the tetrad chromosomes become more contracted and form the double chromosomes of the first metaphase (Figs. 7 a and 9). 3. Sometimes during the late diakinesis ring shaped chromosomes are formed by the joining of the pairing gemini at the ends (Fig. 8 a). Though the formation of these fings is sometimes very obscure, it is probable that they are the tetrad chromosomes. After continued contraction these rings gradually change into the double chromosomes of the first metaphase (Figs. 8b and 9). 4. In view of the arrangement of the pairing spireme in the diplotene stage (Figs. 2, 3, and 4), it appears that in Linum perenne we have an instance of parasynapis which is so rare in plant cytology that it invites further study.


In order to solve the problem that intuitionistic fuzzy soft set can not deal with the situation that the sum of membership degree and non-membership degree of the parameter is bigger than 1.It makes the decision processs limted,and affects the application range.This paper combines the characteristics of Pythagorean fuzzy set with the parametefization of soft set,and constructs Pythagorean fuzzy soft set.Some operations such as complement,union,intersection,and,or,addition,multiplication,necessity,and possibility are defined.Some corresponding results are presented,and the De Morgan's Law of Pythagorean fuzzy soft sets are discussed in detail.A decision making algorithm based Pythagorean fuzzy aggregation operator is proposed.This paper analyses the computational complexity of this algorithm,and applies it to stock investment.Experimental results show that the algorithm is effectiveness.


This essay considers a combination of trivial and quadruvial techniques, a fusion of literary with computistic mnemonics in the Collectanea Ps-Bedae, in which words for numbers are made to exhibit their values by their placement in the text and words for objects and names are made to exhibit by their placement their alphanumeric values.


It is a well known fact that beriberi is a specific disease which occurs mostly among peoples whose main diet is rice. The prevailing theory at the present time attributes the causation of beriberi to polished rice, which is deficient in a specific substance, commonly referred to as vitamin B. Eijkman produced polyneuritis gallinarum by feeding fowls polished rice. Funk and Suzuki, somewhat later, extracted an effective substance from rice bran and pressed yeast, the so-called vitamin B, which, when fed to fowls having polyneuritis, seemed to restore them to a normal condition. This piece of important work and many others were well received and constitute the basis for current opinion. It is tacitly assumed that beriberi must be caused solely by the absence of vitamin B in the diet. It follows that beriberi may be prevented or cured by supplying this food accessory substance. However, this opinion does not


This Pad Thai noodles with prawns recipe is so quick and simple.
Directions
1. Put 2 litres boiling water into a large pan, add the Thai red


The learning process is frequently carried out using the internet, as a tool for supporting the  academic activities. Self-control in internet usage is the required characteristic for student in the student-centered learning activities. However, there is a behavior called cyberslacking, or using the internet during the work time for non-work purposes (or in this context, for non-study purposes) that must be avoided because it can affect the learning outcomes and concentration during the study. The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of self control and cyber slacking to students. This study used a quantitative method, with 157 internet- active users students served as the research sample/ subjects. The cyberslacking activities were measured with by Akbulut scales, and the self control ability were measured with the Tangney scales. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and regression analysis techniques. The results showed that there was 32.2% of self-control affecting the cyberslacking behavior among students. The non-study purposes were for sharing information and shopping, that hit high score, where the male and female students had high categories in the same element. Based on the hypothesis testing results, this study's hypothesis is accepted.


From the literary, epigraphic and archaeological record, we know much about the institution of slavery in the Roman period, but far less about the way in which slaves were represented in art. This chapter concerns principally with images of slave-'boys' in the later Julio-Claudian and Flavian periods. Besides designating a male as opposed to a female, the Latin word for 'boy', puer, has essentially two meanings: a prepubertal free-born boy or a male slave, who may be a boy, a teenager, or a mature male. The chapter focuses on a type of slave-boy in the Roman period called a delicatus , who was generally a favourite, pretty-boy, 'pet' slave. The use of pretty long-haired slave-boys not only for sex but also for religious ministry was in accord with the Roman custom to have present at sacrifices that which was beautiful and pleasing to the gods. Keywords: archaeological record; delicatus ; Flavian periods; religious ministry; Roman period; sex; slave-boys


After more than 15 productive years in orbit, the U.S./German GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission has ended science operations.


The numerical simulation for the removal of NO under pulse corona discharge using CHEMKIN4.1 cou-pled with FLUENT6.2 software was discussed.The reaction rate constant of the ionization of N2/O2 by electron-impact dissociation was calculated by the lumped kinetic model of pulse corona discharge,and a kinetic model in the system of NO/O2/N2 under pulse corona discharge was obtained.The kinetic mechanism was analyzed by the sensitiv-ity analysis method in CHEMKIN.The concentrations of free radicals(N,O)were predicted and the three-dimensional concentration distribution of NOx in plasma reactor was also obtained.The results show that coupling calculation can solve the problem of the combination of the computation fluid dynamics(CFD)and the complex ki-netic mechanism,that pulse corona discharge can effectively removes nitric oxide,and that O2 fraction and low tem-perature are helpful for the removal of NO.


The report provides information on: (i) the value of the key components in supporting work-based learning within a multi-sectoral team context; (2) the success of the teams in achieving the defined results of the program, in terms of outputs and impact; (3) the key factors that drive success among teams; and (4) recommendations for enhancing multi-sectoral team learning. The findings indicate that the MTL program was valued primarily for the following reasons: (a)provided a specific time and place for multi-sectoral conversations to identify interactions and leverage points between sectors, and in some cases to consciously involve the country client team; (b) created a process and discipline during missions to foster team learning and improved team performance in achieving the goals of the mission; (c) enabled teams that had difficulties forming, diagnosing the team strengths and weaknesses and teambuilding to work together as a multi-sectoral team and (d) Provided the opportunity and authorization to innovate and experiment with new ways of working and learning.


SUMMARY In an analysis of variance of a one-way classification, the null hypothesis customarily states that the samples have been drawn from populations having the same mean. One useful alternative hypothesis orders the means in a monotone increasing sequence. Tables for testing this hypothesis are given for k means each having n observations for


In recent years, fireworks production safety accidents have occurred in China, so fireworks and firecrackers safety production testing is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the above background, this paper proposes a performance test method for energetic materials based on the perturbation method, including two parts of the variable temperature test experiment and the transient detection experiment of the energetic material, of which the variable temperature test experiment shows that the temperature change of the energetic material can be judged based on the perturbation method, and then the transient detection of the explosion of the energetic material is realized by the proposed transient detection method. The temporal resolution of transient detection can reach the microsecond range, which can meet the needs of explosion prediction detection of energetic materials.


The utility model discloses a material conveying system with a plugging material detection device. The material conveying system comprises an upper-stage conveyor belt, a lower-stage conveyor belt and a blanking cylinder. A feed port of the blanking cylinder is located below the tail end of the upper-stage conveyor belt, and a discharge port of the blanking cylinder is located above a starting end of the lower-stage conveyor belt. The material conveying system further comprises a programmable logic controller (PLC) control device and two detection probes, wherein one detection probe is mounted above the tail end of the upper-stage conveyor belt, and the other detection probe is mounted above the starting end of the lower-stage conveyor belt. The material conveying system has the advantages that the detection probes are arranged on the exterior of the blanking cylinder, false alarm due to material hanging of the blanking cylinder is avoided, and safe and economical operation of the system is guaranteed. Compared with measuring results of original equipment, measuring results of the material conveying system are more reliable. Through adoption of non-contact type detection probes, abrasion is avoided, maintenance cost is greatly reduced, the structure is simple, and operation is convenient.


A time-resolved emission spectroscopy technique has been developed for spectral analysis of NM submitted to plate impact in the spectral range 0.3-0.85 µm. It enables to obtain the optical characteristics of the different phases of the shock to detonation transition of NM. The emission spectra obtained clearly show the semi-transparency of the media involved. An absorption model of a carbon particles and water vapor mixture is studied in order to explain the radiance measurements. The determination of temperature profiles is carried out with the resolution of the equation of radiative transfer by an inversion method.


The paper examines Estonia's maritime sector from the point of view of its stakeholders and their strategic choices regarding several critical issues. Business activities of maritime sector are dependent on public services and regulations on safety, security related services and regulations, environmental conditions related issues, and the sulphur emission regulation which will be introduced from 2015, as the most recent example. One impact of this dependence is that a big number of different stakeholders are involved and would like to see their values and preferences are brought into governance process. The paper provides a structured overview of these stakeholders and their position in governance issues.


Cyclic GMP spontaneously nonenzymatically polymerizes in a base-catalyzed reaction affording G oligonucleotides. When reacted with fully or partially sequence-complementary RNA (oligo C), the abiotically generated oligo G RNA displays a typical ribozyme activity consisting of terminal ligation accompanied by cleavage of an internal phosphate site of the donor oligonucleotide stem upon attack of the acceptor 3' terminal OH. This reaction is dubbed Ligation following Intermolecular Cleavage (LIC). In a prebiotic perspective, the ability of oligo G polynucleotides to react with other sequences outlines a simple and possible evolutionary scenario based on the autocatalytic properties of RNA.


Predicting the dynamic process of post-fire regrowth is critical for understanding the specific forest succession trajectory. 3-PGmix model (i.e., Physiological Principles in Predicting Growth for mixed stands) has been reported as a powerful tool for predicting the growth of mixed forest species. However, the prediction of post-fire forest productivity at a regional scale is infrequently documented and not well understood. In this study, we used remote sensing vegetation parameters to retrieve a series of site-specific parameters for driving the 3PGmix model to simulate the spatial-scale dynamics of post-fire vegetation net primary production (NPP) recovery and predict the response of NPP under different future climate conditions. The result indicated that the extended 3PGmix model can accurately simulate the post-fire dynamic of NPP at spatial scales and the predictions are consistent well with the LAI estimated NPP based on the 3PGS model. A higher fertility rating (FR) was predicted to accelerate the process of post-fire forest successional and shorten the duration time when the species proportion achieves balance and Climate change promoted the increase of NPP in the sequence of RCP 8.5 > RCP 4.5 > current climate.


The aim of the study was to determine the microbiological characteristics of air blown from warm air hand dryers, and to compare findings with the microbiological characteristics of indoor air in which the dryer settled. Air samples was taken from different public places (shopping centers, restaurants and hospitals) and investigated for total viable counts, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, E. Coli, Staphylococcus aureus and enteric pathogens. There were differences between sampling indoor places for some of the microorganisms, but all of the air samples taken from dryers contained more microorganisms than indoor air, and the differences between hand dryers and indoor air were statistically significant (p


I N THE 1 87 Os, the French neuropathologist Jean-Martin Charcot and his staff at the Salpetriere produced a series titled Iconographie photographique de la Salpetriere (1876-77, 1878, 187980). The three volumes presented case histories of women diagnosed as hysterical or hystero-epileptic, amply illustrated by photographs and diagrams.1 Long verbatim transcriptions of patients' utterances during hysterical attacks offer highly detailed and often gruesome allusions to past traumas. Yet these allusions, framed by concrete medical measurements (temperatures taken, drugs administered, attacks arrested), receive no direct analysis or attention. Why did the writers of the Iconographie introduce these transcriptions, only to ignore them? And why, in contrast, was such great attention paid to photographing these patients, when photography seemed so comparatively ill-equipped to capture the subjective information conveyed by their words? Less than twenty years later, in 1895, Freud and Breuer published their Studies on Hysteria. Like the Iconographie, the Studies presented carefully crafted representations of cases. Unlike the earlier work, however, Freud's and Breuer's investigations relied on verbal information from the (women) patients themselves, rather than on visual representation of their bodies. The Studies were motivated by many of the same concerns as the Salpetriere volumes, but were dependent on radically different modes of inquiry and presentation.


Understanding the origins of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) - which reach energies in excess of $10^{20}~{\rm eV}$ - stretches particle acceleration physics to its very limits. In this review, we discuss how such energies can be reached, using general arguments that can often be derived on the back of an envelope. We explore possible particle acceleration mechanisms, with special attention paid to shock acceleration. Informed by the arguments derived, we discuss where UHECRs might come from and which classes of powerful astrophysical objects could be UHECR sources; generally, we favour radio galaxies, GRB afterglows and other sources which are not too compact and dissipate prodigious amounts of energy on large scales, allowing them to generate large products $\beta B R$ without the CRs undergoing restrictive losses. Finally, we discuss when UHECRs are accelerated by highlighting the importance of source variability, and explore the intriguing possibility that the UHECR arrival directions are partly a result of"echoes"from magnetic structures in the local Universe.


The present invention discloses a space-based bus waveform generating apparatus comprising: a filter (1), the programmable attenuator (2), an amplifier (3), digital to analog converter (4), a memory (5) and a programmable FPGA logic controller (6). When the device is operated, receives an external device via the baseband waveform data bus space issued, the waveform start address and end address, generating various timing signals and the waveform of the attenuation amount, based on a predetermined timing relationship after the cache baseband waveform data by sequentially digital to analog converter (4), an amplifier (3), the programmable attenuator (2), the filter (1), generates baseband analog signal output externally. The present invention has the ability to download online waveform, means a small size, light weight, high reliability, flexibility, is widely applicable to detection equipment onboard the space-based bus, and also be used as a front end to generate a waveform space Bus Control Systems Based on use, has a very high practical value.


Due to the increasing complexity of geometric and material properties in electromagnetic models and applications, high-fidelity modeling and high-resolution computing present significant mathematical and computational challenges. The main objective of this research is to investigate high accuracy, high performance integral equation solvers for large multi-scale electromagnetic problems. The major technical ingredients in the proposed work include: (i) a scalable domain decomposition method for surface integral equations via a novel multi-trace formulation, (ii) a discontinuous Galerkin boundary element method, which employs discontinuous trial and testing functions without continuity requirements across element boundaries, and (iii) an optimized multiplicative Schwarz algorithm using complete second order transmission condition. The results obtained through this research greatly simplify the model preparation and mesh generation for complex electromagnetic simulation. Moreover, it provide an effective preconditioning scheme that reduces the condition number of very large systems of equations. The strength and flexibility of the proposed method will be illustrated by means of several challenge real-world applications.


Workflow is the most widespread modeling technique application in the field of business and office information systems. In the previous paper introduced P-graph-based workflow modeling extended by the introduction of resource management is a systematic, fast method of optimal workflow model generation based on network synthesis with correct mathematical background. In this paper a further extension, a fuzzy extension of this P-graph based workflow model is introduced. The goal of the new extension is to achieve a better modeling of real processes, and a better management of real life, ambiguous, non-exactly definable situations.


This paper intended to explain reasons of economic growth in Southeast Asia through five theoretical approaches - neoliberalism, economic nationalism, neomarxist world system theory, endogenous growth theory and strategic trade theory. The main goal was to compare the ability of these theories to explain this phenomenon. The paper tried to confirm a hypothesis that rapid economic growth of Southeast Asia was achieved using neoliberal recipe - absence of state intervention in the economy, liberalization, fiscal discipline and specialization in international trade.


The study of the Fe abundance in the intracluster medium (ICM) provides strong constraints on the integrated star formation history and supernova rate of the cluster galaxies, as well as on the ICM enrichment mechanisms. In this Letter, using chemical evolution models for galaxies of different morphological types, we study the evolution of the Fe content of clusters of galaxies. We assume that the ICM Fe enrichment occurs by means of galactic winds arising from elliptical galaxies and from gas stripped from the progenitors of S0 galaxies via external mechanisms, due to the interaction of the interstellar medium with the ICM. The Fe-rich gas ejected by ellipticals accounts for the XFe,ICM values observed at z > 0.5, whereas the gas stripped from the progenitors of the S0 galaxies accounts for the increase of XFe,ICM observed at z < 0.5. We test two different scenarios for Type Ia supernova (SN) progenitors and we model the Type Ia SN rate observed in clusters, finding a good agreement between our predictions and the available observations.


Objective To explore the relationship between the expressions of osteopontin (OPN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the clinicopathologic characteristics in brain glioma and evaluate their significance in predicating the prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of OPN and VEGF in 60 cases of brain gliomas and 15 cases of normal brain tissues; the relationships between the expressions of OPN and VEGF in brain glioma and the clinicopathologic characteristics, survival time were analyzed statistically. Results The positive expression rates of OPN and VEGF were 70.0% and 75.0% respectively in the 60 brain gliomas, and 20.0% and 26.7% respectively in 15 normal brain tissues. OPN expression was different statistically in different tumor diameters, peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) and pathological grades, so was VEGF expression in different PTBE and pathological grades. There were significant differences of survival time between positive and negative expression groups of OPN and VEGF. It meant that OPN and VEGF would be the negative prognostic factors. OPN expression was positively associated with the expression of VEGF. Conclusion Over-expressions of OPN and VEGF may reflect the biological characteristics and the prognosis of patients with brain glioma, that is, the positive expressions of OPN and VEGF predicate the poor prognosis.


With the development of the cross-correlation technique in surgery, the transplantation and vi-cariousness have become more and more important in repair surgery and reconstructive surgery. A nice bio-material could replace the related tissue or organ of human body, support the homologous function of organ-ism,and accelerate the process of self recovery and autotherapy. This review is about the status of research and application of biomaterial in surgery.

Key words:
biomaterial ;  surgery ;  exploratory development ;


As college or university-based psychotherapists, we have responsibilities both to students as clients and the isntitution as a client. The authors discuss the difficulty we have as consultants to the isntitution in creating and then sustaining space for balanced psychological reflection and decision-making, particularly in situations which by their urgency stir much anxiety. The authors argue that as consultants we must aspire to hold a position between the parismony of shakespeare's Cordelia and the "can do" but self-serving posture of Pirandello's Guido.


Determining the proper level of details to develop and solve physical models is usually difficult when one encounters new engineering problems. Such difficulty comes from how to balance the time (simulation cost) and accuracy for the physical model simulation afterwards. We propose a framework for automatic development of a family of surrogate models of physical systems that provide flexible cost-accuracy tradeoffs to assist making such determinations. We present both a model-based and a data-driven strategy to generate surrogate models. The former starts from a high-fidelity model generated from first principles and applies a bottom-up model order reduction (MOR) that preserves stability and convergence while providing a priori error bounds, although the resulting reduced-order model may lose its interpretability. The latter generates interpretable surrogate models by fitting artificial constitutive relations to a presupposed topological structure using experimental or simulation data. For the latter, we use Tonti diagrams to systematically produce differential equations from the assumed topological structure using algebraic topological semantics that are common to various lumped-parameter models (LPM). The parameter for the constitutive relations are estimated using standard system identification algorithms. Our framework is compatible with various spatial discretization schemes for distributed parameter models (DPM), and can supports solving engineering problems in different domains of physics.


AbstractThe characteristics of construction projects—e.g., one-off, high complexity, information asymmetry, and asset specificity—have led to a very common phenomenon of opportunism. In this paper, a questionnaire based on a sample of contractors was employed to explore the effect of contract completeness on contractors' opportunistic behavior, as well as the moderating role of interdependence. The results show that term specificity, contingency adaptability, and contractual obligatoriness all have negative effects on contractors' opportunistic behavior (both weak and strong forms), while issue inclusiveness positively influences contractors' opportunistic behavior. In addition, except for the positive moderating role of interdependence magnitude on the relationship between contingency adaptability and contractors' opportunistic behavior (weak form), the other three significant moderating effects (magnitude on issue inclusiveness and strong form, magnitude on contractual obligatoriness and strong form, as...


The invention relates to vectors comprising two or more homologous nucleotide sequences and methods for generating them. The invention concerns substituting bases in the homologous nucleotide sequences with different bases that do not alter the encoded amino acid sequence. The invention allows for the reduction of intramolecular recombination between homologous nucleotide sequences, in particular in mammalian cells. The invention further relates to nucleotide sequences containing substituted bases.


Design decisions occur in all phases of product design and largely affect the merits of the final solution, which will ultimately determine the success or failure of the product in the market. Product design is a continuous process, and a large number of existing studies have proposed decision methods and decision indicators for the characteristics of different stages of design. These methods and indicators can meet the requirements of one of the phases: demand analysis, conceptual design, or detailed design. However, further research can still be conducted on the integration of methods throughout the design phase, using intelligent design methods, and improving the design continuity and efficiency. To address this problem, a TOPSIS-MOGA-based multi-indicators decision model for product design solutions is proposed, including its product design process, decision algorithm, and selection method. First, a TOPSIS-MOGA integrated model for conceptual design and detailed design process is established, the continuity of decision-making methods is achieved by integrating decision indicators. Second, conceptual design solutions are selected through the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets and entropy weight method. Finally, detailed design solutions are selected through a multiobjective genetic algorithm (MOGA), based on a polynomial-based response surface model and central combination experimental design method. A case study of the decision-making in the design of high-voltage electric power fittings is presented, the conceptual design phase and the detailed design phase are connected through the indicators, which demonstrates that the proposed approach is helpful in the decision-making of the product design solutions.


In this paper, we describe the behavior of H atoms in laser-crystallized poly-Si for thin-film transistors on liquid crystal display panels, where H atoms were introduced by plasma hydrogenation in order to improve mobility. Mobility was determined by the Hall effect measurement. Si-hydrogen bonds were analyzed by Raman scattering. By short-time hydrogenation, the introduced H atoms terminate the dangling bonds in the Si–H configuration mainly at the grain boundaries, which results in the improvement of mobility. With excessive hydrogenation, Si–H2 bonds are generated simultaneously with the degradation of mobility. Si–H2 bonds are mainly formed at the in-grain defects. Hydrogenation using the hot-wire method was also carried out and it was shown that plasma damage does not influence the hydrogenation effects. The relationship among Si–H2, mobility and the amount of in-grain defects was discussed, based on impurity scattering and weak-bond models.


In this paper, a space-time correlation based fast regional spectrum sensing (RSS) scheme is proposed to reduce the time and energy consumption of traditional spatial spectrum sensing. The target region is divided into small meshes, and all meshes are clustered into highly related groups using the spatial correlation among them. In each group, some representative meshes are selected as detecting meshes (DMs) using a multi-center mesh (MCM) clustering algorithm, while other meshes (EMs) are estimated according to their correlations with DMs and the Markov modeled dependence on history by MAP principle. Thus, detecting fewer meshes saves the sensing consumption. Since two independent estimation processes may provide contradictory results, minimum entropy principle is adopted to merge the results. Tested with data acquired by radio environment mapping measurement conducted in the downtown Beijing, our scheme is capable to reduce the consumption of traditional sensing method with acceptable sensing performance.


This article draws qualitatively on the experiences, reflections, and expressions of Asian American student veterans through Asian American Studies courses and activities the authors have led in the decade between 2006 and 2016, at an urban public research university that is federally designated as an Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution, and recognized annually among four-year universities as "best for vets." Beginning with a brief introduction to Asian American military service historically and currently, we note the lack of research and resource materials available nationally that is informed by or responsive to the backgrounds, perspectives, and needs of Asian American student veterans in college. We then provide a synthesis of rich documentary evidence based on Asian American student veterans' voices, to illustrate the value of Asian American Studies curricular strategies and pedagogical approaches, particularly through digital storytelling, that create integrative contexts for their holistic connections and contributions as Asian Americans, as veterans, and as university students. Beyond the classroom and campus, we also offer concrete examples of community-centered connections through Asian American Studies that enable Asian American student veterans to engage with public sites and local civic organizations that share significant legacies of Asian American veterans' leadership and service across generations.


In order to found the murine model for genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct),female BALB/c mouse was inoculated with E-type strain Ct by 106,104 and 102 IFU respectively.The inflammatory response,bacteriological yields,secretion PCR and histopathological change were observed.Five days after inoculation,inflammatory response emerged in experimental group,and hyperinfective Ct could be available in mouse's genital tract.The duration of Ct excretion was closely in line with IFU quantity of inoculated Ct,and the quantity of Ct excretion was also proportional to IFU amount.Secretion PCR could also get the similar molecular product,and the pathological reproductive tract infection was confirmed.In conclusion,mouse model of Ct genital infection has been found successfully and 106 IFU is the suitable amount for that.


OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the mechanisms, types, and clinical significance of molecular targeted therapy (MTT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their related toxicity, emphasizing the radiologic manifestations. CONCLUSION. The related toxicities of MTT and ICIs can have acute, recurrent, chronic, and delayed presentations. These toxicities may serve as markers of response and survival. By understanding the clinical significance of drug toxicities, radiologists can play an important role in personalized cancer therapy.


The study is part of a macro project of the laboratory of human nutrition of Zamorano. The objective was to develop a multicultural cookbook with caloric adjustments of the most representative countries in Zamorano. On the basis of seven recipes from the most representative countries, the caloric adjustments were made as an alternative to promote a healthier diet. Tables of nutritional composition of food for each of the recipes were established in phase one. In phase two, it was carried out a preliminary test of sensory evaluation where a univariate analysis was made. During the third phase a sensory evaluation with proof of acceptance and preference to 60 untrained panelists was made, which used two recipes (empanadas de verde and quesadillas salvadoreñas), with higher percentages of caloric reduction. The majadito is a Bolivian traditional recipe had 804.99 kcal/serving of energy intake and 579 kcal/serving adjusted, this was the dish with highest calories. In the sensory evaluation of empanada de verde in all the evaluated characteristics (color, shape, smell, among others) by the panelists, there was a statistically difference (P < 0.05) between the traditional and adjusted receipt, showing a preference remarkable for the traditional recipe. Unlike in the quesadilla, where color was the only feature that showed difference. The use of fat was reduced in recipes with the use of alternative processes of preparation in which these ingredients are not involved. Costs were not significantly altered.


Metzger, M.J., A.D. Shkaruba, R.H.G. Jongman and R.G.H. Bunce, 2012. Descriptions of the European Environmental Zones and Strata. Wageningen, Alterra, Alterra Report 2281. 152 pp.; 12 fig.; 1 tab.; 40 ref. The Environmental Stratification of Europe (EnS) was constructed in 2003 to provide relatively homogeneous regions suitable for strategic random sampling of ecological resources, the selection of sites for representative studies across the continent, and the provision of strata for modelling exercises. The dataset provides a generic classification that can be adapted for a specific objective, as well as providing suitable zonation for environmental reporting. The EnS has a 1 km2 resolution, and consists of 84 strata, which have been aggregated into thirteen Environmental Zones (EnZs). Since its publication, the dataset has been used in numerous scientific projects. In order to better understand the distribution of the diverse range of European environments, and to check the validity of the stratification, this report provides descriptions of all European EnS strata and the aggregated Environmental Zones using ancillary data sources for climate, geology, geomorphology, soils vegetation and land cover.


As the main raw material,fresh asparagus was subjected to heating,softening and extraction. β-cyclodextrin was used to mask the bitterness in the asparagus juice obtained,and apple juice and other ingredients were added to make an asparagus- apple juice beverage. The processing technology for the beverage was discussed,and the rational formula and processing conditions determined. Apple juice 25%,asparagus juice 40%,sugar 10% and citric acid 0.1% were mixed and water was added to 100% to give a beverage with the unique fragrance of asparagus and pleasant sweetness and sourness. With rich nutrients in it, the beverage has body immunity-enhancing and anti-aging effects.


Co-operation between states is a necessity to be able to handle environmental issues in the Baltic Sea area, since these are transboundary problems. Two organisations that deal with environmental i ...


Today SMEs are one of the principal driving forces in many economies as it contributes substantially to GDP and employment. In Mauritius, the government is giving much importance to SMEs for its development. One of the most important aspects of SMEs' development is its manpower. Training is considered as one of the most important tool for the success of an enterprise. Without trained personnel, companies would not be able to be competitive.This study aims to highlight and identify formal training practices among SMEs.For the research, primary data was collected where a questionnaire was sent to 226 SMEs.The main findings of the survey revealed that in Mauritius training is mostly informal in SMEs, there exist many barriers for formal training like finance,poor quality of training and so on.It was found that informal training is the most popular and appropriate training for SMEs as it cost less and it does not disrupt the day-to-day running of organisations.Those companies who were involved in training tend to develop their own in-house training methods. Formal training was used very little by SMEs and they do not rely on public funded institutions like SEHDA and IVTB for training.


On the basis of analysing the cavitation working principle of Venturi tube,the means of design which uses the Venturi tube as a flow control component is presented.


This paper presents a component-based modelling approach for developing time-varying harmonic current injection models of the residential load sector. Some initial results of the model are also presented to demonstrate the temporal variations in low-voltage (LV) residential harmonics. The level of detail afforded by the model is illustrated using the proliferation of compact fluorescent lamps as a case study. Results show that increased levels of harmonic cancellation within households does not necessarily result in an overall reduction in distortion levels at the aggregate level, confirming the need for accurate, time-varying models to represent the complex harmonic interactions.


Older adults are slower than young adults to think of an item they just saw, that is, to engage or execute (or both) the simple reflective operation of refreshing just-activated information. In addition, they derive less long-term memory benefit from refreshing information. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that relative to young adults, older adults showed reduced refresh-related activity in an area of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (left middle frontal gyrus, Brodmann's Area 9), but not in other refresh-related areas. This provides strong evidence that a frontal component of the circuit that subserves this basic cognitive process is especially vulnerable to aging. Such a refresh deficit could contribute to poorer performance of older than young adults on a wide range of cognitive tasks.


The outcomes and clinicopathological features of 23 patients with 25 lesions of colonic lipoma treated in the period from 1980 to 1990 were analyzed. Lipomas were more commonly found in middle-aged or elderly patients, in females and on the right side of the colon. Twenty lesions (80%) were 3cm or less in diameter and sessile polyps. Twenty-four lesions (96%) were located in the submucosal layer and 21 lesions (84%) had a smooth surface. In symptomatic cases, smaller lipomas were observed to have bleeding, while greater lipomas were observed to have abdominal pain, change in bowel habits, and intussusception. The correct pretreatment diagnosing rate of lipomas was only 26%. Colectomy was performed for 14 lesions and endoscopic polypectomy was performed for 11 lesions. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed for colonic lipomas with a diameter of 2.5cm or less (mean: 1.3cm), while colectomy was performed for lesions with a diameter of more than 2.6cm. Endoscopic polypectomy cases had no complications. In conclusion, patients who have colonic lipomas with a diameter of 2.5cm or less should be recommended to underwent endoscopic polypectomy, though we should consider resection to the symptomatic cases, cases of difficulty in distinguishing from malignancy, and those with a tendency to grow in size.


Photoinduced electron transfer reactions of O2 molecules adsorbed on the H2-reduced surface of TiO2 (rutile) nanoparticles have been studied at 77 K by in situ ESR spectroscopy. Upon visible-light illumination, ESR signals due to O2− (gz = 2.020) and Ti3+ appeared and then returned to the original ones by raising the temperature in the dark. The numbers of O2− and Ti3+ ions formed by illumination were equal, suggesting that a reversible electron transfer between peroxo O22− species and the adjacent Ti4+ ion occurs by sub-band gap illumination of TiO2.


ed phase )f experience usually performed in the interest of describing some quality in the experimental who~e. Since it can combine the study of a multiplicity of factors and situations simultaneously and also over a period of time, it is most often used in studies of evaluation of technological change in less developed cultures, where usually entire culture units are studied. The advantage of this method in -one respect is also a disadvantage in _ other re~pects. The main criticisms are: inadequate sampling, too subjective (the investigator sees what he wants to see), and difficulty in transposing data into scientific terms. Its execution involves three principal steps: (1) interview of informants, sometimes with the use of a questionnaire; (2) use of outside sources, such as newspapers, to bring out the total picture; (3) drawing up conclusionsinterpretation, analogy, and evaluation of processes and the total situation. Case studies of relatively long duration which emphasize various aspects of change could be used very effective! y in evaluation studies on the reservation. They can make possible the measurement of the effectiveness of the used community development approach as compared to the conventional Extension approach, or, in the case of the Pine Ridge Reservation, measure the influence of the established industry on both the community and the personality of its members. 74 In both cases the use of control groups would increase the validity of the findings. Statistical studies. The so-called "quantitative research," compared to the case study, is traditionally recognized as the type of research which is at the other end of the methodology continuum. In this type of research specific conc~ts are quantified and, with the use of various testing devices, their validity, reliability, and unidimensionality are tested. This quantification of qualified data and the conversion of concepts into a well defined single dimension offers the investigator accuracy and the ability to explore specific areas of interest. It has been stated previously that in certain phases of a prograrn certain objectives become more crucial than others. For instance in the case of an evaluation study concerning the influence of a small industry on the Pine Ridge Reservation, personality integration and level of living could be considered two important factors. Their relationship with background variables could be studied in two time periods-at the beginning of the operation of the small industry and after a predetermined period. Studies of this nature require more thorough investigations and the involvement of both the statistical and the case study_, because in such endeavors it should not be a question of case study method versus quantitative research, but rather of case case study and quantitative research. In certain cases, quantified research is used after the case study has indicated the need for more accurate measurement in specific areas of behavior. In other cases preliminary statistical studies can indicate that case studies are necessary and sometimes case studies of single individuals. For instance, certain individuals, regardless of the • fact that they have characteristics of persons who are usually able to adapt themselves to the outside community, return to the reservation. Individual case studies would be advisable for such persons in order to explore additional factors affecting adjustment outside of the reservation. Use of scales. Today -a number of techniques can be used to quantify a concept. First the concept is operationally defined. For instance, we want to quantify the concept "social change." Social change means a number of things and it is necessary to predetermine the various aspects of'the concept. Normally we study those aspects of the concept which are in line with the objectives of the study. In evaluation research on the reservation, for example, we could be interested in changes in values, leadership patterns, level of living, etc. Most of these concepts can be quantified with the use of some technique. In some cases., such as in the case of values and level of living, often there are ready-made instruments which can do the work, sometimes with some modification. Some of the concepts which would be used to quantify them are


A series of substituted pyrazole, triazole and thiazole derivatives (2–13) were synthesized from 1-(naphtho[1,2-d]thiazol-2-yl)hydrazine as starting material and evaluated as androgen receptor antagonists and anti-prostate cancer agents. The newly synthesized compounds showed potent androgen receptor antagonists and anti-prostate cancer activities with low toxicity (lethal dose 50 (LD50)) comparable to Bicalutamide as reference drug. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and MS spectral data and elemental analysis. The detailed synthesis, spectroscopic data, LD50 values and pharmacological activities of the synthesized compounds are reported.


Abstract Large eddy simulations and a linear theory are used to examine the characteristics of waves trapped in the temperature inversion that bounds the convective boundary layer. These waves are important because they strongly affect the rate of entrainment and the fluxes of momentum and scalars across the interface. lie simulations show that the motions, at least on scales larger than the model grid size, are nearly linear and can be described well by the theory of Carruthers and Hunt. A simple linear model is used to relate the frequency of trapped waves in the inversion to the ratio of the pressure-temperature covariance and temperature variance. These quantities, which are easily obtained from the simulations, are used to estimate the structure of the waves. Comparisons of the wave properties are made between the theory, further simulations and observations, with good agreement.


The challenge of identifying gifted children and providing them with appropriate educational services is particularly complex when they are recent immigrants to the United States. Linguistic and cultural backgrounds, economic and attitudinal factors, sociocultural peergroup expectations, cross-cultural stress, and intergenerational conflict may all influence efforts to recognize and provide appropriate learning opportunities. Although immigrant groups are culturally diverse, they share some unique challenges when interfacing with the setting.


Signal structure is critical to the inherent performance of global navigation satellite system (GNSS), and it is one of decisive factors which must be investigated during system designing and upgrading course. This paper presents a kind of performance evaluation method, and evaluates the COMPASS B2 signal performance. Received performance was compared with GPS and Galileo in five aspects include the out of band loss, code tracking accuracy, multipath error, anti-jamming performance and compatibility with GPS and Galileo. Analysis results show that with good performance, Asymmetric Constant Envelope Binary Offset Modulation (ACE-BOC) could be an alternative multiplexing technology for COMPASS B2 navigation signal.


(i) To estimate the prevalence and severity of coronary artery disease and (ii) to assess the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a large‐scale cohort of patients referred to coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA).


According to the"guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (ISO: 1993E)", The quality of AAS result is characterized quantitatively through the analysis of procedure in determining copper in soymilk by AAS. The result shows the concentration of copper is 0.88±0.11 mg/L (12.5%), and the uncertainty in digestion of samples contributes mostly to total uncertainty comparing with other uncertainty.


The plant macrofossil records from three raised bogs from western and central Ireland and from Cumbria were compared to investigate variations in the character and timing of the fen-bog transition (FBT). Two modes of raised or ombrotrophic peat formation were recognized. In the first mode the transition develops through a sedge-fen stage directly to raised-bog lawn, maintaining a near surface water table throughout the FBT (Abbeyknockmoy Bog). The second mode is characterized by a switch from fen or reedswamp to a dry Eriophorum-dominated mire type, suggestive of low or unstable water tables (Mongan Bog and Bolton Fell Moss). Comparisons with the Holocene effective precipitation record suggest that the type of transition and its timing may be affected by the prevailing climate regime. All that is required for ombrotrophy is a separation of the growing peat surface from the influence of ground and surface waters. This separation may be achieved by rapid peat accumulation in a moist climate, the accumulation of decay-resistant Eriophorum vaginatum hummocks or by a lowering of the water table, leading to a 'perched peat bed'. In the latter two cases, a 'pseudo-raised bog' community often persists, laying down highly humified peat, until increased oceanicity enables Sphagnum to dominate.