Traditional M.Sc. and Ph.D. programs are being supplemented by "fourth-level", integrated Ph.D. programs which seek to formalise the transition from undergraduate to postgraduate study. As well as undertaking formal modules, graduate students on these programs are expected to quickly learn how to plan, manage and conduct research. They should also know how to present the outcomes of their research in peer- reviewed publications. Moreover, they must be able to reflect critically on existing research as well as on their own findings. In the development of one such integrated Ph.D. program it was found that there is little agreement on the constituent elements of a module on computing research methods or on the pedagogical principles to be employed in the preparation and delivery of such a module. This paper reports on the design, experience and assessment of a graduate level module on research methods in computer science, documenting how it was planned and realised, reporting on the staff and student experiences, and providing both objective and subjective assessments of the module and its outcomes.


Public perception of food safety and the risks involved with eating are of major concern. Even good science does little to reduce these perceptions of risk. The public does not understand dose response and looks at risk from a different point of view than scientists. Surveys of consumer attitudes do not always accurately reflect what actions consumers prefer.


All global bond managers want to make accurate currency forecasts, but unfortunately, it is not an easy task. Although fundamental economic and policy considerations determine exchange rates, technical analysis is valuable as a disciplining mechanism for fundamental judgments.This presentation comes from the Global Bond Management conference held in New York, New York, on June 11-12, 1997.


Different plant roots may have potential impacts on nutritious elements movement in soil profiles. Distribution characteristics of fine root systems less than 1 mm in diameter in soil profile is the physiological basis of plants for adapting and improving adverse soil physical and chemical conditions. Few studies, however, have been conducted on the (nutritious) elements movement as affected by plant roots at profile scale. With the method of a large-size profile for (measuring) root density and an equipment of undisturbed monolith soil for measuring eluviation of elements, we investigated the transport intensity of nutritious elements, such as K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Fe, Si, Al in the soil profiles as (affected) by root systems of different species of vegetation in hilly and gully regions of the Chinese Loess Plateau. The (objective) was to explore the approach to improve the biological effectiveness of soil nutrients. The results obtained (suggested) that transport differences among nutritious elements in soils were not depended on the amount of nutritious (elements) in soil rather than the distribution of plant roots of 1mm in diameters. The increased effects of roots on the nutritious (elements) movement in soil profile decreased as the soil depth increased. The effects of plant roots on nutritious element movement in soil profiles increased in the following order: forest landgrass landfarm land. The critical soil depth of different plant roots affecting elements transport in soil profiles was 30cm for forestry and 10cm for grassland. The movement of nutritious elements in soil profiles increased in the following order: CaNaMgKSiAl for the normal elements, and CuMnFe for micro-elements. The effects of plant roots on the nutritious elements movement in soil profile were weak when the effective root density of tree and grass were less than 17 and 60 roots per 100 cm~2 and root weight of tree and grass were less than 0.11 and 0.16 g per 100 cm~3 respectively. Plant roots can influence the nutritious elements movement in soil profile when the effective root density of tree and grass increased from 17 to 66 and from 60 to 106 roots per 100 cm~2 respectively, and root weight of tree and grass increased from 0.11 to 0.37 and from 0.16 to 0.30 g per 100 cm~3 respectively. Plant roots can significantly influence the nutritious elements movement in soil profile when the effective root density of tree and grass were more than 140 and 200 roots per 100 cm~2, and root weight of tree and grass were more than 0.70 and 0.40 g per 100 cm~3 respectively.


This study formulates a novel timing-driven rectangular and non-rectangular obstacle-avoiding X-based Steiner minimal tree (TNOA-XSMT) problem. The problem is first studied in the literature, and solved by using a timing-driven routing algorithm. The algorithm, which handles both the rectangular and non-rectangular obstacles, minimizes the maximum source-to-terminal delay. A novel concept of incorporating the virtual nodes during the spanning graph construction is presented to minimize the total wire length. An extension is provided to explain how the algorithm handles the obstacles with any geometric shape. Moreover, an effective and efficient rerouting scheme is adopted to further reduce the delay. Rerouting reduces the maximum source-to-terminals delay by 49.1%, while increasing the additional total wire length by only 2.5%.


Andrea Murad spoke with Ally Dick CA, International Finance Manager at lululemon, about what it is like to work for an athletic apparel brand, and how he made the leap from the energy sector.


We classify mutual funds using cluster analysis and examine whether the categories created by clusters are the same as those assigned by the invest ment objectives Since mutual funds are usually classi ed based on their investment objectives clustering funds based on their nancial characteris tics rather than their investment objectives could explain why some mutual funds do not perform according to their investment objectives After cluster ing we nd that some of the investment categories are insigni cantly di er ent from others in terms of their nancial characteristics Maintaining more investment categories than necessary causes ine ciency for the nancial an alysts and mutual fund managers because the bene ts of diversi cation can not be achieved by investing in di erent categories of funds Categorizing Mutual Funds using Clusters


Author Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Drs Yeboah and Herrington) (email@example.com); and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Greenland). Conflict of Interest Disclosures: The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Greenland reported receiving an institutional grant and support for travel to meetings from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; receiving a grant from the National Institutes of Health; and receiving payment for lectures from universities and the National Institutes of Health. Dr Herrington reported receiving an institutional grant from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Yeboah reported no disclosures.


Education of Mathematics and History of Mathematics are both old subjects.The question is whether or not these two important subjects can help each other. Unfortunately, this idea divided mathematics society into two groups: those who believe that history of mathematics can help with Education of Mathematics and those who believe that history of mathematics not only cannot help with mathematics education but also causes some confusion. In this paper, I'll present some comparisons and draw some conclusions on how history of mathematics can make mathematics education more active and interesting.


An estimate of the efFect of light bending and redshift on puls8l' beam characteristics has been made using a weak Kerr metric for the case of a 1.4 M(i) neutron st8l' with IlL radius in the range 6.10 Jan and rotation periods of 1.56ms and 33ms, respectively. Auuming that the pulsar emiasiOll. has the form of a narrow conical beam directed away from the surface aDd is located within two stellar radii, the beam is found to be widened by a factor of S2 aDd to suBer a reduction in the intensity (flattening of the profile) by an order of magnitude or less. The effect is largest for the most rapidly rotating the neutron stars. For an emission region located beyOll.d 2Okm., the flattening is generally insignifiClt.D.t. The pulse profile is slightly asymmetrical due to dragging of the inertial frames. For millisecOnd periods, aberration tends to reverse the ftattening eJfect of space-time cunature by uarrowing the pulse and can completely overcome it !or emission from a location beyond ~30km. Although the pulse must slightly brighten up, a IBl'ge redshift factor overcomes this effect to keep the pulse flattened for all neutron' star radii considered here.


The quality of software is considered a major characteristic competitive among organizations. The mains objective of this study is to raise attributes of quality for software as a service and to identify its impacts ahead of this new paradigm of software, SaaS (Software as a Service). The attributes were proposed by aggregating and matching criteria related for quality of product software, with tools that help manage TI services. The results and conclusions presented in this paper will serve as a guide for companies providing SaaS's solutions, with the concern of quality assurance in their final products.


We have analyzed the quantity and avidity of IgG antibodies in human sera specific for allergenic proteins of clinical relevance. The methods used were saturation analysis, which provides quantitative estimates of antibody content and Scatchard and Sipps analyses of antigen-binding experiments, which provide estimates of antibody affinity and homogeneity and, by mathematical extrapolation, antibody quantity as well. We studied human IgG "blocking" antibody specific for three unrelated allergens: honeybee phospholipase A (PLA), ragweed antigen Ra5 (Ra5), and the benzylpenicilloyl (BPO) hapten.
 Antibody content determined by saturation analysis was highly correlated (r = 0.99; p < 0.001) with estimates obtained by mathematical extrapolation of Scatchard and Sipps plots. The average equilibrium constant (K0) for IgG anti-PLA was 3 × 1010 M-1; for IgG anti-Ra5, the average K0 was 0.34 × 1010 M-1; and the K0 of a single serum with IgG anti-BPO had a high binding constant (12 ± 1.3 × 1010 M-1). The heterogeneity coefficients obtained from the Sipps analysis were consistently high for all allergens studied, suggesting remarkable homogeneity of antibody. Since antibody affinities varied over a relatively narrow range, it was possible to obtain estimates of antibody content by interpolation from the dilution curve of a standardized serum that agreed very well (r = 0.99; p < 0.001) with values obtained by the more laborious saturation analysis technique.
 It appears that saturation analysis and the Scatchard and Sipps transformations can be usefully applied to the study of human IgG "blocking" antibodies against large and small m.w. allergens, as well as haptens. The average affinity constant of human IgG blocking antibody is high when compared with hyperimmune animal antisera. The affinity constant for each allergen system varied over less than a 10-fold range in the limited number of sera studied, suggesting that variability in K0 is not a major contributor to the allergen-binding capacity of most sera.


The theory of Imna-ilbonbu is mainly discusses that ancient Japan(then Wae; 倭) controlled politically the southern part of Korea, and then Imna-ilbonbu which was initially the control tower had been founded in the Gaya(加耶) area. This had played an crucial pretext for supporting the justification of the Japanese attack to Korean Peninsula in the late 19th century. The controversy had been activated between academics in Japan and Korea, but it cannot be denied that not only the historical fact but the ethnocentric perspectives are also in the middle of the debate. However, it is worth quoting that there is mutual and common sense about the dispute. Imna-ilbonbu was not the political control tower of Imna(任那) but it was the foreign diplomat which was sent by the King of Wae. Furthermore, the primary field of the Imna-ilbonbu was believed to be the Anraguk(安羅國) as of the Anra-ilbonbu(安羅日本府). Traditional study on the presence of the Imnailbonbu mainly insisted that Imna-ilbonbu was based in the Anra(安羅), and to a certain extent, Anra-ilbonbu was surely located in Anra. This work highlights, however, the whereabouts of the Imna-ilbonbu which seemed to be located in Daegaya(大加耶). This has been resulted from the delicate examination of the records of the Nihonshowki(日本書紀). The historical background of Anra-ilbonbu and Imna-ilbonbu seemed to relate to the appearance of Baekje(百濟) and Silla(新羅) to the Gaya areas in the 6th century. Both Anra and Gara(加羅) where were the leading countries of Gaya Confederacy tried to defend the independence and prosperity of Gaya, taking advantage of the power of Wae. Imna-ilbonbu played a political role based on Gara. Imna-ilbonbu was truly sent by Wae, but it was not dedicated for Wae. Given Imna-ilbonbu was under the control of the King of Imna, Imna-ilbonbu was only operating for the independence and restoration of Imna.


Depression we've all heard of it. The media has definitely heard of it. It's one of many mental health terms that have found their way into our everyday language. But what does it mean' In our everyday use of the word, it means when we feel generally sad, tired and when we're running low on self-esteem and motivation. In a clinical sense, depression is diagnosed when these feelings are essentially more severe and prolonged. Textbook symptoms of clinical depression include: feeling sad, anxious, bored or tired, having sleep disturbances; slow thinking, lack of concentration, indecisiveness, lack of interest (in work, social activities, relationships, sex etc), low self-esteem and headaches and chest pains with no physical basis. However, the line between 'normal' depression [depression of mood] and 'clinical' depression can [to an extent] be a subjective call, as there are often differences between individuals. How depression is experienced will vary considerably. For example, there are considerable gender differences; women tend to be twice as likely to develop depression compared to men and also experience it in a number of different ways. Different countries and cultures also have varying definitions of what constitutes depression. I recently read an amusing article on a man diagnosed as clinically depressed in the United States. When they realised he was English, however, they re-diagnosed the elements of his personality they had considered to be symptoms of clinical depression (for example, moaning about the weather and himself), and explained them simply as elements of the 'British Personality.'


Abstract : Spectroscopic studies of clusters have been carried out in order to aid in the investigation of metal atom doping of solid hydrogen as a possible High Energy Density Material. The electronic spectra of small metal-atom clusters provides a well defined system for understanding the intermolecular forces between guest atoms and hosts and offers a stringent test of theoretical methods. In this work, a cluster beam spectroscopy apparatus was constructed to obtain spectra of clusters by laser-induced fluorescence and resonant multiphoton ionization. Electronic spectra were recorded for roughly size-selected clusters containing Al atoms bound to Ar clusters (containing up to 55 Ar atoms) by two photon ionization spectroscopy. The variations in band shifts and splittings provide an important measure of both cluster structure and perturbations of the atomic transitions. Efforts are now underway at Phillips Laboratory to test theoretical models of atom doping by comparing computed spectra with those reported here. In addition, laser-induced fluorescence spectra were observed and tentatively assigned to AlNe and Al-water.


Abstract Modeling of nuclide densities as a function of time within magnetic confinement fusion devices such as the JET, ITER, and proposed DEMO tokamaks is performed using Monte Carlo transport codes coupled with a Bateman equation solver. The generation of reaction rates occurs through either pointwise interpolation of energy-dependent tracked particle data with nuclear data or multigroup (MG) convolution of binned fluxes with binned cross sections. The MG approach benefits from decreased computational expense and data portability, but introduces errors through effects such as self-shielding. Depending on the MG structure and nuclear data used, this method can introduce unacceptable errors without warning. We present a MG optimization method that utilizes a modified particle swarm algorithm to generate seed solutions for a nonstochastic string-tightening algorithm. This procedure has been used with a semihomogenized one-dimensional DEMO-like reactor design to produce an optimized energy group structure for tritium breeding. In this example, the errors introduced by the Vitamin-J 175 MG are reduced by two orders of magnitude in the optimized group structure.


Synthetic genes encoding single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) of NC10 anti-neuraminidase antibody were constructed by joining the V(L) and V(H) domains with linkers of fifteen, five, four, three, two, one and zero residues. These V(L)-V(H) constructs were expressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting proteins were characterized and compared with the previously characterized NC10 scFv proteins assembled in V(H)-V(L) orientation. Size-exclusion chromatography and electron microscope images of complexes formed between various NC10 scFvs and anti-idiotype Fab' were used to analyse the oligomeric status of these scFvs. The result showed that as the linker length between V(L) and V(H) was reduced, different patterns of oligomerization were observed compared with those with V(H)-V(L) isomers. As was the case for V(H)-V(L) orientation, the scFv-15 V(L)-V(H) protein existed mainly as a monomer whereas dimer (diabody) was a predominant conformation for the scFv-5, scFv-4 and scFv-3 V(L)-V(H) proteins. In contrast to the V(H)-V(L) isomer, direct ligation of V(L) to V(H) led to the formation of predominantly a tetramer (tetrabody) rather than to an expected trimer (triabody). Furthermore, the transition between dimers and higher order oligomers was not as distinct as for V(H)-V(L). Thus reducing the linker length in V(L)-V(H) from three to two residues did not precisely dictate a transition between dimers and tetramers. Instead, two-residue as well as one-residue linked scFvs formed a mixture of dimers, trimers and tetramers.


The No Child Left Behind Act in the US (2001), the programme "Write it Right" in Australia (1994) and the Council of Europe's project Languages of Schooling (2006) point towards a growing awareness of unequal access to education. All over the world legislative initiatives have been taken to ensure that all students have access, both in terms of social cost and linguistic barriers (Reffell & McKee, 2009). However, in some countries, the deaf community with its often invisible cultural linguistic identity appears not to benefit from the change in ideology towards equal education. In this paper we are looking at one such deaf community, i.e. the Serbian deaf community, and at past and present language ideologies, attitudes and practices with respect to their language, i.e. Serbian Sign Language or SZJ. We start by situating these ideological positions of language users and educators within a broader historical context by giving the first account of SZJ, its place in education and its history within the Western Balkan sociopolitical and linguistic context. We then focus on a thematic analysis of data from interviews with deaf signers and teachers about how they experienced and perceived language in education. This revealed that deaf signers see SZJ as the most important building block in their learning process whilst the teachers emphasise hearing as the major factor in learning. The findings clearly point at a discrepancy in sign language ideologies between deaf SZJ users and their teachers resulting in conflicting attitudes and practices in Serbia today.

Keywords: Serbian Sign Language, deaf education, language policy, practice, language attitudes


In the course of its history, religion has had a dual function in plural societies. Many scholars and religious leaders agree that religion has had a role in fostering peace, harmony and civility. However, other scholars see religion as a source of conflict and violence. The latter view is supported by numerous incidents of religious violence around the world. The work of Juergensmeyer for example, clearly shows how violence has occurred and spread under the banners of all religions. DOI:  10.15408/sdi.v10i2.631


Mixed ligands complexes have been prepared by reaction of Sodium [5-(p-nitrophenyl)-\'4-phenyl-1,2,4-traizole-3-dithiocarbamato hydrazide] (L1) and 1,10-phenanthroline (L2) with Fe(III) and Mn(II) ions...


Background: Various techniques namely Krishner wire fixation, Knowles pin fixation, Elastic intra-medullary nailing and intra-medullary fixation has been described for the treatment of grossly displaced fractures of mid one third Clavicle. Various types of open reduction and internal fixations with reconstruction plates and anatomical ' S ' shaped plates and were popularly done for the same indication. While there is agreement that grossly displaced fractures and comminuted fractures should be internally fixed, selecting the best form of fixation is debatable. Commonly done plating is at the superior surface. It is associated with neuro-vascular injury and striping of muscles which may lead on to non-union. In this study we did plating on anterior-inferior surface and studied our results. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 52 patients of mid one third fractures of clavicle, who underwent anterior plating at our hospital Sri Venkataewaraa medical College and research centre, Ariyur, PONDICHERRY, between June 2009 to June 2012. We analysed the results and evaluated using the UCLA shoulder rating scale and QUICK DASH ( Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand ) score. Results: At the time of latest follow-up all the fractures united well radiologically and all the patients returned to pre-injury activity level. The average UCLA SCORE was 29 ( Range 25 to 32 ) suggesting good to excellent outcome. The QUICK DASH score was 6.8 ( Range 4.5 to 13.6 ). All the patients were satisfied with outcome of surgery. Conclusion: Our study shows that Anterior plating of mid 1/3 rd Clavicle provides stable fixation, early return of function without neuro-vascular complications.


American Holiday Postcards, 1905-1915: Imagery and Context Daniel Gifford. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2013.Holidays as pop culture offer a rich opportunity for libraries and other public institutions to display their collection of postcards, and the author notes in his introduction that there are multiple repositories with holiday postcards.The author, who works at the Smithsonian Institution and serves as a part-time faculty member in the Department of History and Art History, George Mason University, argues that holiday postcards circulated primarily among rural and small towns and Northern white women with Anglo-Saxon and Germanic heritages. Gifford reconsiders the postcard phenomenon as an image-based conversation among exclusive groups of Americans. From Santa Claus to Easter bunnies, flag-waving turkeys to gun-toting cupids, holiday postcards proved to be not only humorous expressions of a past era but a barometer to the deep divides within the American social fabric at the height of the Progressive Era.Gifford focuses on one period only, 1905-1915, when the makeup of the United States population was changing and postcards started to reflect a more urban design. This was actually considered the Golden Age of American postcards, which peaked in 1910 with the introduction of tariffs on German-printed postcards, and ended by 1915, when World War I ultimately disrupted the printing and import of the fine Germanprinted cards with their scenic landscapes.In fact, one of the most interesting chapters in the book is Chapter 5 ("Women and Courtship in Holiday Postcards") which brings together three distinct elements: women as a core postcard audience; the historically situated contexts of the "New Woman"; and clusters of postcard images reflecting courtship in which stereotypes abound. This chapter argues that women in the early twentieth century used postcards to advance a gender-specific agenda on courtship as Christmas and Halloween joined Valentine's Day in displays of adult, heterosexual rites. Postcards allowed women to exploit holidays to control the power structures around them.Stereotypes abound, especially in portrayals of ethnic groups which often inspired protest movements. One such postcard, issued for St. Patrick's Day, shows two men shaking hands; one of the men wears a button from the Ancient Order of Hibernians, a group that organized such protests (68).Blacks were especially ill-served on postcards of these periods. Two for Thanksgiving are both quite derogatory. One portrays an African American woman as poor and rural, performing the hard labor of plucking a turkey that her white sisters have left behind (54). The second depicts the modern white woman (this was 1912! …


Nanocrystalline Al-ZnO films were successfully synthesized by thermal decomposition method. The method includes two stages: synthesis from the melt of organic salts and the films production. The effect of the calcination temperature varying from 600 to 800 °C on the crystallite sizes, phase composition and optical properties of the synthesized films was also investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the formation of a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with a distorted lattice upon the introduction of Al3+ ions. Based on calculations and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, the crystallites size increased from 18 to 28 nm with the calcination temperature increasing. Optical properties of Al-ZnO films were studied by optical transmission spectra. An increase in the calcination temperature leads to a decrease in the ZnO band gap. It was shown that the proposed method makes it possible to obtain optically transparent Al-ZnO films consisting of nanocrystallites. By varying the calcination temperature, the optical properties can be adjusted, which will significantly expand the application range of these materials.


With increasingly more businesses engaging in offshore outsourcing, organisations need to be made aware of the global differences in network security, before entrusting a nation with sensitive information. In July 2011, Syn and Nackrst1 explored this topic by analysing seven countries from a wide spectrum across the globe for network security vulnerabilities. The countries selected were China, the United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, India, Mexico and Romania. Their method utilises Nmap and Nessus to probe and test for network vulnerabilities from each respective nation, in order to collect quantitative data for national vulnerability volumes. The Vulnerability statistics collected are of four categories, High, Medium, Low and Open Ports. This paper extends Syn and Nackrst1's work by constructing a more detailed analysis of their results, showing the number of real-world vulnerabilities per nation, the differences between national levels of network security, the ratios of vulnerabilities/IP address, and vulnerability summary rankings. Multiple causal factors are also looked at to quantify the reasoning behind the varying levels of vulnerabilities per nation. This paper concludes that each nation has millions of vulnerabilities of varying amounts, and therefore, each nation differs in network security levels. Mexico and India exhibited the most worrying statistics, with the highest number of high level vulnerabilities/IP address ratio. Ultimately, this paper highlights the vulnerability levels that organisations are faced with when engaging in foreign and domestic outsourcing.


It is known that the scientific knowledge has ways of construction and application, which differ from those of the traditional knowledge. The first imposes itself as an absolute truth until the appearance of a new universal paradigm; the traditional knowledge frequently houses, equally with skepticism or confidence, divergent explanations, where validity is just local (CARNEIRO DA CUNHA, 2009). Manipulation of varieties of food plant species by indigenous groups is an example of a concrete expression of a simultaneously ancient and local knowledge.


Here is a potent book. At a time when historians are only beginning to react to the criticism that their scholarship is ever more narrow, John Armstrong has written a bona fide macrohistory. The question he attacks is as difficult as it is broad: why have ethnic identities persisted over long periods of time? Armstrong says he seeks not to establish general laws but to present abstractions that will illuminate patterns of ethnic identification. The historical record from which he derives these abstractions is that of the Christian and Moslem worlds before modern times. Religion and politics are the independent variables for Armstrong. A nostalgia for nomadism has long underlain the Islamic sense of identity, whereas a nostalgia for sedentary ways marks the identity of Christians. Moslems stress genealogical legitimation; Christians stress territorial identifications. Each group has tended to define the other in the negative terms that we associate today with competing ethnic groups. Along the rough but clearly identifiable border of conflict between them, a frontier ideology of political legitimation arose. The defender of the faith, the ghazi, was an important element of Ottoman legitimation, for example, while the goal of driving out the Moors sustained the growth of Castillian power. Armstrong calls these ideas mythomoteurs, or legitimizing ideals that have sustained polities over extended periods. One very persistent mythomoteur, which first appeared in Mesopotamia, was the idea that "the only truly sovereign state is the universe governed by the assembly of gods." The earthly polity was simply the secular shadow of that heavenly state, valid for all humanity. Alexander's belief that his empire had united all civilized humanity added a momentary breath of reality to the myth. Byzantium was a Christianized version of this sort of universal state in which the polis writ large extended its identity to the entire empire. But in Western Europe the myth could not be sustained because of the conflicts between Pope and King. In its place emerged variants of the idea that the ruler was the protector of the vicar of Christ, the Pope, and therefore had a special place both in God's eyes and in secular authority. The success of the French king in securing sacral legitimation from the Pope, while at the same time maintaining his magical Gebliitsrecht through primogeniture, made France a model for other European states, a necessary precondition, Armstrong holds, for the eventual emergence of a state system and, consequently, of nationalism.


sions about issues in history (e.g., p. 184). Wu's choice of focus on salt merchants invites further questions. One set of questions have to do with their representativeness as merchants: did the importance of the salt business distinguish them from other merchants in High Qing China? Did their shared origin of Huizhou separate them from other salt merchants? The other set of questions involves the ambiguous distinction between scholars and merchants. For example, some salt merchants wrote and published their works and even served as government officials. Meanwhile, literati scholars also frequently participated in producing lineage genealogies and chastity commemoration. To what extent were the salt merchants (especially those merchant-scholars) different from traditional (non-merchant) scholars? Those questions can, of course, be the subject of additional studies beyond this book. In Luxurious Networks, a cohesive project, Wu neatly tells a story about a group of people navigating through ethnic, economic, and cultural relations by dealing with things. The material focus inspires further consideration of the boundary between things and words. This solid study not only contributes to existing scholarship on Qing history, but also helps literary scholars understand the role of merchants in book culture, opera patronage, and other types of cultural production. The successful integration of historical, philological, and literary methods sets a high standard for studying things and words in late imperial China.


ABSTRACT What kind of community an online console game club is? Console game playing has often been viewed as having only negative influence on young people's lives. In this research, a group of gamers (N = 8) was investigated. They were young adults who played the National Hockey League (NHL) console game regularly. The qualitative case study focused on finding out what made the club meaningful in the club members' opinions and how they describe activities and interaction in the club. The study showed that the console game club had multiple positive effects in the members' lives, which were analysed as emotional, social, cognitive, and functional resources. The study suggests that online game networks could provide new ideas on how to arrange, for example, online education in way that the young adults could find motivating and meaningful to attend.


The research on optimal power flow optimization of power system considering carbon emission intensity can make full use of low-carbon resources in the system and reduce carbon emissions in the operation of power system. This paper proposes a power flow optimization method considering carbon emissions based on NSGA2 algorithm, and the TOPSIS method is used to obtain the optimal solution from the Pareto optimal solution set of multi-objective optimization. That provides a theoretical basis for low-carbon dispatching of power systems. The simulation example shows that this paper can reduce carbon emissions by 45.9% while increasing the system cost by 3.75% compared with the ordinary optimal power flow calculation. The proposed method can significantly reduce the carbon emissions of the system with a little increase in the system cost.


(22) Filed: Oct. 16, 2006 Applied Materials Website Printout: "SACVD (Sub-Atmospheric (65) Prior Publication Data Chemical Vapor Deposition)" from www.appliedmaterials.com/ products sacvd.html, printed Jun. 20, 2003. US 2007/OO598.96 A1 Mar 15, 2007 (Continued) Related U.S. Application Data Primary Examiner Hsien-ming Lee (63) gappliy N. E.. (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Townsend and Townsend and continuation-in-part of application No. 10/247,672, Crew, LLP filed on Sep. 19, 2002, now Pat. No. 6,905,940. (57) ABSTRACT


The system has a light source, an system for illuminating a mask, a projection objective for forming an image of the mask on a wafer and an optical arrangement for converting an incoming light beam into a beam with radially linearly polarized light over the entire cross-section. The optical arrangement has at least one doubly refracting element for rotating the polarization directions of the incoming light beam essentially without intensity loss. AN Independent claim is also included for the following: an optical arrangement for converting an incoming light beam into a beam with radially linearly polarized light over the entire cross-section.


Identifying the location of the active sites in a zeolite is a current challenge, impeding the design of optimal catalysts. In this work, we identify the location of the most active sites of 1-ethylcyclohexene isomerization in the EUO framework (10 MR channels, 12 MR side pockets) thanks to DFT calculations corroborated by experiments. Skeletal isomerization of cycloalkenes is a crucial industrial reaction for the bifunctional isomerization of ethylbenzene. Ethylcyclohexene is protonated by framework protons into cyclic carbenium ions, which undergo ring contraction–expansion reactions through protonated cyclopropane (PCP) like transition states. Ab initio calculations clearly show that the acid sites located at the intersection between the channel and the pocket stabilize much less the cyclic carbenium ions involved in the reaction than 12 MR pockets and 10 MR channel sites due to stronger dispersion stabilizing interactions. This computational finding is fully confirmed experimentally by the comparison ...


The international literature suggests that the causes of weak financial sustainability of public organizations depend on both external and internal conditions. Whereas the external conditions are related to demographic and socio-economic factors, the internal conditions are associated with the political and managerial settings, and thus, the latter could be addressed by the local government with the aim to maintain financial sustainability over the long term. Based on a literature review, the authors explain the most consolidated trend of such variables with respect to the impact of those variables on financial sustainability, and simultaneously, they reveal a disproportion in what the literature has most recently analyzed. Ultimately, the authors highlight the need for further research regarding the managerial factors and additional cross-country comparisons of the roles of both external and internal conditions. What Is Known and What Should Be Known About Factors Affecting Financial Sustainability in the Public Sector: A Literature Review


Cervical cancer is a fatal illness that strikes women all over the world. In developing countries, it is the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Objective: To Assess the Knowledge and Attitude of Nurses Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening in a Public Hospital of Lahore.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted to collect data from 122 registered nurses of Sir Gangaram Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire to obtain data about knowledge and attitude of respondents about cervical cancer screening. Data was analyzed through SPSS V.21 using descriptive statistics. Chi square test was applied. Results: A total of 122 nurses participated in the study. From 122 total respondents, 45 (37%) were aged between 25-30 years and 67(54.9%) had more than 5 year of work experience. 55(44.3%) had diploma nursing and 62 (50.8%) had less than one year of work experience in gynae. Hypothesis testing (p=0.192) shows that mean age has no significant association with participant's knowledge. While Job experience and education revealed statistically significant associations with participant knowledge (p=0.04 and p=0.003).  Similarly, age also has no significant association with participant's attitude (p=0.384). Job experience and education, on the other hand, exhibited a statistically significant relationship with participants' attitudes (p=0.006 and p=0.000). Conclusions: It is concluded that there is no association between age of participants and cervical cancer screening knowledge and attitude. Similarly, as participants' educational and work experience levels rise, their knowledge and attitudes concerning cervical cancer improve.


A process has been developed for the deposition of amorphous Ti-Si-N films using reactive ion sputtering of a TiSi target. The Ti-Si-N films have been extensively characterized over a wide range of process parameters. Resistivities of the films less than 300 μΩ-cm have been achieved. Stress measurements on Ti-Si-N films indicate that the film stress changes from tensile to compressive as the nitrogen composition is increased. Near-zero film stresses were achieved by choice of optimum nitrogen N 2 flow. SIMS analysis of Cu diffusion through blanket PVD Ti-Si-N (300A) after an anneal at 390°C/3 hour showed a near overlap of the Cu profile compared to the profile of an unannealed SiO 2 /PVD Ti-Si-N /Cu film stack, indicating that the Cu did not diffuse significantly through the barrier after anneal. Low contact resistance (0.8 Ω) and low ( −11 A) leakage were obtained using a dual inlaid structure with a 300 A Ti-Si-N processed with optimized conditions. These results showed that Ti-Si-N could be used as a potential barrier for copper metallization.


This article explores issues raised by an earlier I rish study conducted with migrants living with HIV. The latter highlighted the fact that many of those newly diagnosed with HIV in Ireland are from sub-Saharan African, were in the a sylum system when first diagnosed, and were not accessing available supports. This art icle discusses the impact the current policy of holding asylum seekers in 'direct provisi on' accommodation has on best practice in HIV care and prevention. The challenges facing health care workers providing HIV care in multicultural Ireland, in a system wher e immigration policies are known to inhibit integration into Irish society, are discuss ed. The article concludes that to provide adequate support to those living with HIV there may be a need to address the potential adverse impact of 'direct provision' accommodation for asylum seekers.


Karl K. Turekian, geochemist and educator extraordinaire, passed away on 15 March 2013. He was 85. Karl's career spanned 6 decades and saw geochemistry evolve from a field largely documenting the distributions of chemical elements on Earth to, as he put it, "a tool that…has pervaded the entire field of Earth sciences." In large part, Karl Turekian was responsible for guiding that evolution.


Mouth dissolving tablet offers a solution for pediatrics, geriatrics; psychiatric or mentally ill people and those have difficulty in swallowing tablets/capsules resulting in improved patient compliance. The aim is to formulate fifteen formulations of fast dissolving tablet of fluoxetine using different superdisintegrants (Sodium Starch Glycolate, Croscarmellose, Crospovidone Pregelatinized starch) by wet granulation method and the tablets were evaluated for various physiochemical properties and found to be within the permissible limit. In vitro dissolution studies show the release is in the following order of superdisintegrants: Crospovidone > Pregelatinized starch > Croscarmellose > Sodium Starch Glycolate. From the study it has been found and concluded, crospovidone at a concentration of 5% w/w (F-XII) shows maximum in-vitro dissolution profile, this is also confirmed by In vivo pharmacokinetic studies, and hence it emerged as the overall best formulation hence suitable for preparing fast dissolving tablet of fluoxetine.


Source Citation D'Alonzo GE, Barst RJ, Ayres SM, et al. Survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Results from a national prospective registry. Ann Intern Med. 1991 Sep 1;115:343-9.


The relation among child antisocial behavior, child coercive exchanges with parents and peers, and the social adaptation of middle-childhood-aged boys and girls was investigated. The 374 children were observed during laboratory tasks with their parents and during recess with peers. A covariance model was tested that hypothesized that coercive exchanges with parents and peers would contribute uniquely to a multiple-agent assessment of child antisocial behavior, supporting an ecological view of social development. A single model described both boys and girls adequately, although minor gender-specific variations in effect size did produce a better fit. Children's antisocial behavior was associated with school maladaption primarily among boys, as represented by academic engagement in the classroom and peer nominations of social preference. Children's antisocial behavior and coercive interactions, in contrast, were correlated with peer antisocial behavior in both girls and boys.


A 68-year-old male patient with acute myelogenous leukemia presented lesions of neutrofilic folliculitis; perifollicular blastic cells were observed around the involved follicles. These lesions disappeared after antibiotic therapy, but leukemia progressed in spite of chemotherapy.


A dipole-confined plasma is expected to be stable to interchange modes or convective cells wherever the following relation is satisfied: $\frac{P_{edge}}{P_{core}}\leq\left(\frac{{V_{core}}}{V_{e dge}}\right)^{\gamma}$, where P is the pressure, $V\equiv\oint\frac{dl}{B}$, and γ = 5/3. One of the missions of the Levitated Dipole Experiment is to attempt to exceed the marginal stability condition and drive instabilities. We have two "knobs" with which to explore the parameter space: we can can change the pressure by varying the heating profile, by adjusting the total RF input power as well as the relative power in multiple frequencies; and we can change the magnetic geometry. Initial results of scans of the RF power in two frequencies and scans of the magnetic field are presented. • This work is supported by U.S. DOE Grants DE-FG0298ER54458 and DE-FG02-98ER54459.


The complexity of the design problem becomes apparent when considering the huge design space of possible implementations on the one hand and the many conflicting design goals on the other. Automated design tools are necessary in order to handle the complexity of today's systems and to support the designer in finding the trade-off that best fits the market requirements. This article presents a methodology to cope with the simultaneous optimization of multiple competing objectives and the different sources of heterogeneity in embedded system design.


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New immunotherapy strategies have recently been developed combining peptide or dendritic cell (DC) vaccination with infusion of vaccine-primed and ex vivo expanded T cells. The hypothesis is that adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded tumor specific T cells can improve progression-free and overall survival by restoring anti-tumor immunity. In a phase I/II clinical trial on malignant melanomas stage IV patients received DC vaccination prior to transfer of ex vivo expanded T cells. Our strategy was to target hTERT and survivin since both is highly expressed in most cancers. The vaccine consisted of autologous DCs loaded with hTERT and survivin mRNA. Prior to each DC vaccination the patients received 5 days of Temozolomide treatment to reduce the number of regulatory T cells (Treg). Following 2 monthly DC vaccinations, blood samples were tested for immune response against hTERT and survivin overlapping peptides. Immune responders were offered injection of T cells. The Elutra fraction of T cells was depleted of Treg using Dynabeads CD25 prior to expansion with Dynabeads CD3/CD28 in a WAVE bioreactor. After 10 days the beads were removed and T cells were washed. 3x1010 expanded T cells were injected fresh and DC vaccination was continued. Prior to T cell infusion, the patients received non-myeloablative conditioning with Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide

Here we present the results from three patients receiving expanded T cells. Immune response against hTERT and survivin peptides were detected in blood samples from 7 to 11 weeks of DC vaccination. After 4-7 months of DC vaccination the T cells were expanded for 10 days prior to injection. DC vaccination was continued 1 day after T cell injection. Infused T cells expanded significantly in vivo and in two of the three patients currently tested both patients showed response against hTERT and survivin peptides. Blood samples taken monthly after T cell injection demonstrated immune response against the same peptides. In one of patients the number of Treg was high (> 4%) before and during vaccination and returned to low numbers (<1%) after T cell injection. Since these findings might explain the beneficial effect of the vaccination we are currently investigating if the number of Tregs in blood show the same profile in the two other patients. Progression free survival (PFS) in the three patients was 31,20 and 11 months respectively. Patients with the shortest PFS relapsed very shortly after the T-cell infusion in spite of an objective immunresponse following the last DC vaccine. Metastatic melanoma patients included in this study given DC vaccines without T-cells had a median PFS of 7 months (3-13). We therefore conclude that dendritic cell vaccination combined with ex-vivo expanded T cell transfer can be an efficient immunotherapy strategy in melanoma patients.

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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In the global context, LAC is one of the regions known to produce the lowest levels of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the transformation and use of energy. Levels of GHG in LAC represent 5% of global emissions in the energy sector.
OVE's sectorial study evaluates the IDB's actions in the sector and its implications for Climate Change, both in mitigating GHG emissions as well as emerging activities developed to address climate vulnerabilities.


RE-ENERGIZE COLLABORATION LEADERSHIP TEACHING SYSTEMS TEAMS PROJECTS SERVICES RELATIONSHIPS IDEAS COMMUNICATION DESIGN "I attended a local Virginia conference and my second conference is here. I am very impressed with the specialization in the customer service area and help desk areas and everything I've learned is much better. I have learned so many new tips and met so many people to network with." Judi Rhodes, Information Desk Supervisor, Washington and Lee University


Utilizing hybrids, heavy fertilizer applications and doubled plant populations, the grain yield per ha has doubled in the past twepty years in Japan. However, increasing stalk and ear barrenness associated with increasing plant populations pose a serious problem for further yield increases utilizing higher plant populations. The purpose of this paper is to present recent resu lts of the research at the Tohoku National Agricu ltural Experiment Station on the problems concerning the cau~·e and mechanisms of ear banenness at high plant populations'>.


Hybrid camouflage variation Snowshoe hares molt from a brown coat to a white coat in winter. In some populations, however, where winter snow is less extensive, hares molt from a brown coat to a brown coat. Jones et al. show that regulation of the pigmentation gene Agouti is responsible for the winter coat color change. Hybridization with jackrabbits has led to introgression around this gene that facilitates the brown winter morph. Hybridization appears to have provided important adaptive variation to the snowshoe hare. Science, this issue p. 1355 Exchange of genetic variants through hybridization can seed past and ongoing adaptation to rapidly changing environments. Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) maintain seasonal camouflage by molting to a white winter coat, but some hares remain brown during the winter in regions with low snow cover. We show that cis-regulatory variation controlling seasonal expression of the Agouti gene underlies this adaptive winter camouflage polymorphism. Genetic variation at Agouti clustered by winter coat color across multiple hare and jackrabbit species, revealing a history of recurrent interspecific gene flow. Brown winter coats in snowshoe hares likely originated from an introgressed black-tailed jackrabbit allele that has swept to high frequency in mild winter environments. These discoveries show that introgression of genetic variants that underlie key ecological traits can seed past and ongoing adaptation to rapidly changing environments.


"Roundness" is a significant original category in Chinese ancient theory of literature with plentiful humanism connotation.It has much to do with national mentality and thinking mode which are accumulated by Chinese nation over a long period of time.It is closely linked with Tao of Taoism which is "unaided and never changed,circulating and never idle".It is bound up with the feudalistic unitary ideology and the Confucian utilitarian purpose of "assisting human relations and helping moralization".In the literary practice,the "moon" image and the final mode of "happy ending" prominently represent the "consciousness of roundness" "culture of roundness". On the one hand the final mode of "happy ending" is national and popular,but on the other,it is obturated and conservative.This article tries to exhibit the plentiful connotation of "roundness" in dimensions of tracing the character to the source,ecological research in literature and art,word-building,humanism connotation,literary practice and so on.


International Affairs 94: 2 (2018) 271–291; doi: 10.1093/ia/iiy023 © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Institute of International Affairs. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: email@example.com 'We are carrying out a ... counter-revolution in UN social policy', declared Austin Ruse, head of the Center for Family and Human Rights (C-Fam), a nongovernmental organization (NGO) opposed to reproductive choice and to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights. Speaking at a side event on human trafficking at the March 2017 session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), he alleged that the 'body count of the sexual revolution numbers in the tens of millions' and pledged to 'reverse its many harms'.1 Despite its controversial rhetoric, C-Fam was included in the United States' official delegation to the conference.2 The empowerment of C-Fam and its fellow travellers is indicative of emerging trends in international politics in general and at the UN in particular. After decades of progress, there is significant evidence that international human rights principles are under sustained attack from rising nationalist and religious forces around the world.3 This attack especially targets the international women's rights agenda, as articulated by the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (PFA) and subsequent declarations, and the work of the CSW. These initiatives promote the full equality of women in social, economic and political life, women's sexual and reproductive autonomy, and the distinction between biological sex and socially constructed gender roles. This article examines concerted efforts by conservative state and non-state actors to criticize, limit and roll back women's rights principles found in UN treaties, declarations and international policies. In order to undermine women's rights norms, an increasingly well-organized coalition engages in diplomatic


Objective To explore whether there are cross reaction between murine anti-plasmin anti- bodies immunized by human plasmin with other antigens associated with antiphospholipid syndrome and the pathogenic property of anti-plasmin antibodies.Methods Mice were immunized by native human plasmin, and sera from them and ten murine monoclonal antibodies were acquired.The cross-reactivity of poly-and monoclonal anti-plasmin antibodies against beta2 glycoprotein 1,protein C and thrombin were assayed by en- zyme linked immunoabsorption method.The influence of monoclonal antibodies on coagulation time was as- sayed by activated partial thrombosis time(APT'F),and inhibitory effeet of monoelonal antibody on plasmin was also assayed by thromogenic substrate method.5E9 and 5C5 were selected to induce abortion in pregnant mice. Immunohistochemistry analysis of placentas was assayed by anti-complement C3b/C3c antibody.Results Among the 10 anti-plasmin antibodies positive sera from mice,5 were aCL positive in buffer containing 10% fetal bovine serum,7 of 10 were anti-β_2GP1 positive and 6 of them were anti-protein C positive,3 of them were an- ti-thrombin positive.In all of the 5 monoclonal anti-plasmin antibodies,only 3 of them could bind toβ_2-GP1, protein C and thrombin respectively.In function assay,one of them could prolong APTT.Two of them could in- hibit amidolytic activity of plasmin.Two mAbs 5E9 and 5C5 were selected to establish the model of murine abortion.It was found that these two mAbs together could reduce the number of fetus,the fetal and placentae weight were significantly decreased in mAbs injeetion group than those of the control group.Activated C3 de- posited around the small vessel wall and deciduas of placentas were detected.Conclusion Plasmin is a target antigen in antiphospholipid syndrome which has been identified recently.Maybe there are cross-reactive epi- topes among plasmin,thrombin/prothrombin,protein C in antiphospholipid syndrome(APS).Autoantibodies that can recognize those antigens may have the property of antiphospholipid Ab and be pathogenic antibodies in some APS patients.They present their pathogenic effects via the activation pathway of complement.


Using an external belt attachment system, we attached 1.8-g radiotransmitters to arroyo southwestern toads (Bufo microscaphus californicus). We tracked 83 arroyo southwestern toads over an average period of 30.9 days (SD = 29.0) in 1998. Male calling activity began at the study site on 6 March and ended on 29 July. We observed arroyo toad activity in upland habitats throughout the study. We examined the habitat preferences of arroyo toads by comparing land cover within a minimum convex polygon estimate home range for each animal to the study site subarea where each toad occurred. We also compared substrate, vegetation, and vegetation structure use to availability within each minimum convex polygon area. We found significant between-sex differences in land use and vegetation-type preferences during the study, but not for substrate or vegetation-structure preferences. Female arroyo southwestern toads preferred terrace and channel habitats to campground, agricultural, or upland habitats.During the breeding season, male arroyo southwestern toad preference for channel habitats was significantly greater than for all other habitat types. Toads preferred sands for burrowing substrate, but no substrate type was preferred for surface activity. Differences in preference rank for vegetation type were weak. Male use of agricultural lands adjacent to breeding sites increased after the breeding season. Dense, tall vegetation structures were least preferred by arroyo southwestern toads for burrows. Arroyo southwestern toads may forage and disperse through many vegetation types that are common in riparian and upland habitats of southern California.


In this paper, the superposition solutions of (3+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Sharma-Tasso-Olver-Like(vcSTOL) equation are studied. The equation can illustrate various difficult sciences areas. Due to the wide application, it is very important to find the exact solutions of it. By introducing transformation, the equation is transformed into bilinear form. We use variable separation method and trial function method to obtain the superposition solutions of the equation containing different functions and forms The images are drawn with the help of symbolic computing system Mathematica, and the properties of the solutions are analyzed. The analysis shows that different functions will affect the overall shape of waves, including the interaction between waves, the size, the direction and the number of waves, which can get more new phenomena. To our knowledge, those types of superposition solutions of (3+1)-dimensional vcSTOL equation mentioned in our work by variable separation method have not been reported before. Furthermore, we add the square terms to the expansion function, so that the obtained solutions have the characteristics of Lump solution, which has not been done in the previous literatures.


Supply chain financing (SCF) focuses on providing comprehensive financial services for one or more enterprises in the supply chain. In this paper, applied the supply chain financing model to B2B e-commerce, a new concept of supply chain financing model based on the B2B e-commerce was proposed. Then its operating mechanism and two main application modes which include electronic order financing and electronic warehouse receipt financing were described in detail. At last, the benefits and risks of the supply chain were analyzed, which applied the supply chain financing to the B2B e-commerce. The result shows that the new supply chain financing model based on the B2B e-commerce may not only improve the efficiency of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and other economic effectively, but also reduce the financing risk.


The free-piston gasoline engine linear generator (FPGLG) is a new kind of power plant consisting of free-piston gasoline engines and a linear generator. Due to the elimination of the crankshaft mechanism, the piston motion process and the combustion heat release process affect each other significantly. In this paper, the combustion characteristics during the stable generating process of a FPGLG were presented using a numerical iteration method, which coupled a zero-dimensional piston dynamic model and a three-dimensional scavenging model with the combustion process simulation. The results indicated that, compared to the conventional engine (CE), the heat release process of the FPGLG lasted longer with a lower peak heat release rate. The indicated thermal efficiency of the engine was lower because less heat was released around the piston top dead centre (TDC). Very minimal difference was observed on the ignition delay duration between the FPGLG and the CE, while the post-combustion period of the FPGLG was significantly longer than that of the CE. Meanwhile, the FPGLG was found to operate more moderately due to lower peak in-cylinder gas pressure and a lower pressure rising rate. The potential advantage of the FPGLG in lower NO x emission was also proven with the simulation results presented in this paper.


The objective for this Model Validation Protocol is to establish a plan for quantifying the performance (accuracy and precision) of the Terrain-Responsive Atmospheric Code (TRAC) model. The performance will be determined by comparing model predictions against tracer characteristics observed in the free atmosphere. The Protocol will also be applied to other ``reference`` dispersion models. The performance of the TRAC model will be compared to the performance of these reference models in order to establish TRAC`s acceptance for use in applications at the Rocky Flats Plant.


A series of eight ternary complexes, viz.[Cu(dmphen)L](dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, L = a bidentate oxygen-donor ligand), has been synthesised and characterised. In those complexes containing a β-diketonate, substitution of CF3 for CH3 of the acetylacetonate is accompanied by a shift of the C–O and C–C stretching vibrations to higher frequencies and that of the M–O to lower frequencies, indicative of the strong positive inductive effect of the CF3 group. The 1H n.m.r. spectral results indicate that the eight ternary systems, unlike [Cu(dmphen)2Cl], remain essentially undissociated in chloroform solution.


The Sanostee district (also known as the Chuska district) is located within the Navajo Indian Reservation, San Juan Basin, San Juan County, New Mexico. On the Reservation all prospecting, leasing and mining was controlled by the Navajo Tribal Council and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. All prospectors had to have a permit. Uranium ore has been produced from the Salt Wash and Recapture Members of the Jurassic Morrison Formation and a small amount of ore has been mined from the Jurassic Todilto Limestone. Total production from the district amounted to 139,399 short tons of ore grading 0.12% U3O8 and 0.14% V2O5 and containing 332,721 pounds of U3O8. During the period 1952 through 1982, the large underground mine on Enos Johnson's mining permit, west of the village of Sanostee, produced 136,665 short tons of ore that averaged 0.12% U3O8 and contained 325,927 pounds of U3O8. Ores that were analyzed for vanadium averaged 0.14% V2O5. This production makes the Enos Johnson mine the largest uranium mine in New Mexico, outside the Grants uranium district. It is likely that additional small deposits could occur in the Sanostee district. However, the Navajo Indian Reservation now has a moratorium on any uranium exploration and mining within its boundaries. Furthermore, the known deposits in the Sanostee district were relatively small compared to the larger more extensive deposits in the Grants uranium district. It is unlikely that any of the deposits in the Sanostee district will be mined in the foreseeable future.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine life domains centrality (work, family, leisure, community and religion) among workers, junior managers and middle managers, both men and women and the impact of demographic factors on those life domains.

Design/methodology/approach

The "Meaning of Work" questionnaire was conducted on 1,201 participants of whom 928, 453 men and 475 women, were employed in organizations in middle managerial, junior managerial and worker positions.

Findings

The findings indicate that work centrality increases while religion centrality decreases with higher organizational status among men and women. The centrality of family is higher among women than among men in the three organizational levels. However, in the new millennium, for the first time in Israel, no traditional gender differences were found in work centrality among employees in the three organizational levels.

Practical implications

Human resource professionals have to take into consideration the increasing work centrality among working women at all organizational levels and focus on decreasing work-family/life conflict, especially among women managers. This can be achieved by implementing flexible hours, working from home, work-life balance programs, and management by objectives systems.

Originality/value

This study, which compares middle managers, junior managers, and workers according to gender, reveals how they balance the five life domains as well as the strategies women managers use to cope with work/non-work conflict.


A signal transmission and reception method by a terminal of a mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present specification comprises the steps of: receiving configuration information related to a discovery signal from a base station; determining a discovery signal transmission resource on the basis of the configuration information; and transmitting the discovery signal using transmission power determined on the basis of a position of the determined discovery signal transmission resource and the configuration information. According to an embodiment of the present specification, an interference effect can be reduced when a signal is transmitted by a terminal in a mobile communication system and communication performance can be improved.


Electroencephalographic studies in humans have demonstrated that orienting of visual attention induces a decrease in oscillatory α‐band activity (α‐desynchronization) over cortical areas tuned to the attended visual space. This is interpreted as reflecting intentionally enhanced excitability of these areas to facilitate upcoming visual processing. However, the inverse mechanism might also apply. Brain areas that process task‐irrelevant space might be actively suppressed by increased α‐activity (α‐synchronization) to protect against input of distracter information. In the present study, we demonstrate that such suppression mechanisms are highly selective and are taking place even without distracters that need to be ignored. During voluntary orienting of attention, we found α‐synchronization to dominate over desynchronization, to be topographically specific for each of eight attention positions, and to occur over areas processing unattended space in a retinotopically organized pattern. This indicates that α‐synchronization is an important component of selective attention, serving active suppression of unattended positions during visual spatial orienting.


The harms of corruption of secretaries working in the CCP and governmental department are nothing less than leaders'corruption.The corruption injures the images of CCP and the government,erodes the secretary team and brings terrible political impacts and severe economic aftereffects.Then,in order to prevent the corruption,some countermeasures in legislation must be adopted.


Traditional shortest path algorithms do not respect real life constraints as prohibited
left turn, prohibited right turn and prohibited U – turn. More sophisticated
street models contain even more complicated prohibited maneuvers. This paper
studies shortest path and shortest trail algorithms which can find shortest trail respecting
these prohibited motions. Proposed algorithms have to be fast and have
to be suitable for restricted computational resources (mobile GPS navigators).
Keywords: graph theory, shortest path


Sunshine Sports is a sports activity based on the meaning of "Sunshine". The life classroom advocated by Sunshine Sports reflects the value of sports itself. Sunshine Sports has become an important measure to enhance the health of college students' physical fitness and an effective way to promote the development of college physical education. Aiming at the problems of lack of attention in the teaching of physical education, backward teaching ideas, single teaching methods, low overall quality of teachers, lack of practicality and innovation of teaching materials, this paper puts forward the countermeasures for college physical education reform under the background of sunshine sports: Strengthen the basic theoretical teaching of physical education; Innovate the teaching mode of sunshine physical education; Improve the status of physical education in quality education; Guide students to learn independently through the sports club system; Innovate the evaluation system of sunshine sports teaching; Continuously improve the teaching strength and teaching level.


Objective To study the prevalence and variation of influenza B viruses of Shenzhen. Methods Fifty strains influenza B viruses in Shenzhen from 1994 to 2006 were selected. HA1 gene were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of HA1 was conducted by MEGA program. Results The influenza B viruses of Shenzhen were divided into Yamagata and Victoria lineage. The two lineages prevailed respectively in different years from 1994 to 2006. The variance of glycosylation site and some mutations of antigenic determinants were detected in the two lineages. Conclusion The viruses of Yamagata and Victoria lineage prevailed respectively in different years in Shenzhen but the mutation rates of the two lineages were slowly.

Key words:
Influenza virus B;  Phyletic evolution;  Molecular mutation 25627964


Initiation is the soul of the progress and development of a nation, and the time is calling for initiation. P.E, must be carried out on the ground of initiation. In the P.E practices, we must cultivate the thinking ability of the students and enlarge the thinking space, which will reflect the importance of quality education.


Sampling of the surface microlayer of water in a marsh habitat of Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say in Michigan revealed it to be enriched with bacteria compared with subsurface water samples. Concentrations of total numbers of bacteria ranged from 18.8 x 10(6)/ml to 65.4 x 10(6)/ml (mean, 35.9 x 10(6)/ml; n = 13) in surface microlayer samples, and from 3.8 x 10(6)/ml to 14.3 x 10(6)/ml, (mean, 7.8 x 10(6)/ml; n = 13) in subsurface samples. Specifically, the surface microlayer had higher concentrations of three morphotypes of bacteria (cocci, rods, and rods attached to detritus particles). Given that bacteria are an important food of mosquito larvae, we suggest that the interfacial feeding behavior of An. quadrimaculatus larvae allows them to exploit the surface microlayer, a food-rich zone.


Recently, unusual Raman signals were observed in different works conducted on thin zirconia layers grown on zirconium alloys simulating in‐reactor materials after high fluence ion irradiation or for samples cut from fuel rods irradiated in nuclear plants. As such, these spectra clearly do not correspond to any known spectrum of a pure standard zirconia phase. Therefore, the analysis conducted in this paper aims to provide a better understanding of these peculiar Raman features. For that purpose, specific ion‐irradiated samples were analysed. In situ Raman spectroscopy was first used to follow the irradiation process. Then, samples were characterized using different excitation wavelengths. Finally, the effects of oxygen isotopic substitution were examined in details. Results are discussed in terms of disorder and size‐related effects.


The three-step rule of distributed photovoltaic (DPVs) connecting to a distribution network in the planning of practical photovoltaic projects is modeled in this paper. On this basis, a method based on large sample historical generation-load data is proposed to comprehensively evaluate the DPV limit penetration level of the low voltage–medium voltage (LV-MV) distribution network, which is the premise of DPV connection planning. Considering the fluctuations of generation-load data in time and space, the DPV limit penetration level of the LV network is evaluated based on kernel density estimation. On this basis, considering the uncertainties of DPVs connecting node schemes and connection capacity, the limit penetration level of DPVs continuously connecting to the MV network is evaluated based on the dichotomy method and stochastic simulation. Finally, the feasibility of evaluating the DPV limit penetration level by the proposed method is verified based on an example of a real distribution network, which is of great importance for the planning of a distribution network with high DPV permeability to continuously connect to DPVs.


SMART (System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor) is an integral type reactor of 330 MWth. The core consists of 57 fuel assemblies which are based on the well proven 17x17 array with UO2 fuel rods loaded in the Korean commercial PWRs. The active height of the core is 2 m and slightly enriched UO2 of 4.95 wt% is used for a three year operation cycle. SMART is soluble boron free, and the high initial reactivity is mainly controlled by burnable absorbers. Less burnable absorber is used at the upper part of the core to obtain smooth axial power distributions. Control rods have a fine reactivity control capability using linear pulse motors. There are 49 CEDMs, and they have the capability to shut the reactor down and to maintain it in a subcritical condition at any time during the core's life. Core nuclear characteristics are analyzed using the 3 dimensional core depletion and analysis code system, CASMO-3/MASTER. Steady-state thermal margin of the SMART core is evaluated by the subchannel analysis code, MATRA using a local parameter CHF correlation applicable to low mass velocity conditions. According to the results so far, it is concluded that a 15% operating margin is ensured.


Software configuration settings are an effective way to customize applications. However, inconsistencies or mistakes in option values can result in a system crash and need huge time and effort to diagnose. We present a technique to identify the root causes of configuration errors. It uses static program analysis to link the misconfiguration of an application to a specific configuration option. Our technique has two prominent characteristics compared to existing approaches: it relies only on static analysis, and it does not need profiles of the application with correct configuration. Based on the proposed techniques, we developed a tool called ConfDebugger. We evaluated its effectiveness on 8 configuration errors in the Java program JChord. ConfDebugger successfully diagnosed 7 out of 8 errors. For 5 of them, root cause was exactly pinpointed without a false positive, and in total, the average number of false positives was only 0.5. This is better than two state-of-the-art methods, with average numbers of false positives of 1.7 and 5.7, respectively.


This presentation provides a description and report of Dragon Systems large vocabulary natural language, speaker-dependent isolated word recognition systems. Based on stochastic processing, these systems are implemented primarily in software running on a personal computer (PC) or workstation. The only processor used in addition to the host PC microprocessor is a simple 2 MHZ 8-bit processor to assist in the real-time data acquisition of the speech signal. Additional components on a sparsely populated audio board, include an A/D converter or CODEC with some TTL logic for dynamic range/gain control. A brief chronology of test performance is reported. All speech training and test data were recorded in typical office environments, using an irrexpensive hand-held omnidirectional cassette-recorder type mil_(e. Although these tasks can be processed both off and on-line, the on-line facility provides a graceful interactive user interface. If more than I word is deemed probable by the recognition process, then a short rank-ordered "top choice" menu is affered to the user in-line. If the top word is correct, confirmation is implicit by continued speech or delay. If the correct recognition is ranked 2 or more, the user may quickly select it, with a single-keystroke, for example, and continue. New words or phrases can easily be introduced automatically in a few seconds during the dictation. Full voice console and dictionary facilities run concurrently for immediate user access. An application interface enables most MS.DOS software including popular word processors, spreadsheets, and database programs, to accept both voice and keyboard entries flexibly. PERFORMANCE TEST SUMMARY Speaker Active Concurrent I'C Response Totall ' ' Date Gender Vocab. Perplexity Language Prucessor Time Test correct top J.todel (avg.) \-Iords 5 Task: General Prose Dietation 7/84 F 1277 1277 No 4.5MHZ8088 22sec 268 87.71 100\ Task: Enaineerina Documentation Dietation 11/85 H 2000 not calculated Yes 6MHZ80286 l.Ssec 3050 92.9\ 97.9\ Task: Natural Langu~qe Data Base Inauiries neac 9/86 F 868 868 No 8HHZ802S6 real846 92.4\ 98.6\ time Dragon Systems, Inc., Chapel Bridge Park, 90 Bridge Street, Newton, MA 02158, U.S.A.; Tel. (617) 965-5200, Fax. (617) 527-0372 Copyright © Dragon Systems, In~. 1987


Based on the agricultural characteristics of the facility agriculture environment,the structure of the electric micro-farming machines and train parameters were designed,and the taking electrical system and a single input and three outputs frequency control system were developed for greenhouses,and the motors and frequency control systems were experimental studied.A prototype of an electric micro-farming machine was developed,and an experimental study was carried out.The experiment results showed that: the motor has the characteristics of low speed constant torque and high speed constant power output under the control of frequency control system,can better meet facilities agronomic conditions demand;as the speed increases the efficiency of the motor output increases,when the speed reaches 1 500 r/min,the highest efficiency of 84.6% is achieved;when the output speed is reduced to 1 200 r/min,the motor efficiency is still able to reach 81.7%,that means the motor has a wide and efficient speed range;the safety performance of the electric micro-farming machine conforms with the provisions of the relevant standards,and the machine has the characteristics of low noise and zero pollution;the farming efficiency per hour is about 2.29 acres,slightly higher than the gasoline micro-farming machine with the same power;the power consumption is about 0.46 kW·h per acre,its economic performance is much higher than the gasoline micro-farming machine with the same power.


The criteriafor communicating empathic understanding described in this paper are based on my work as a client-centered therapist. As my therapy evolved, I only gradually identiJied these criteria and recognized that they express the nondirective attitude that informs my practice. An early version of the paper wqs prepared for the First International Forum on the PersonCentered Approach in Mexico in I 982. An excerpt was published in the ADPCA newsletter, Renaissance, in 1984. In 1986 Carl Rogers published his article on "reflection offeelings" which gave support to my thesis that the client-centered therapist's intention in responding empathically is to verify understanding, not to manipulate the client's process nor tofoster any therapist goal for the client. The fundamental nondirectiveness in client-centered work seems to be dfficult for some students to understand or, perhaps, to believe. My hope that this paper will help to clarifu the meaning of the nondirective attitude in empathic interaction process as well as clarify the criteriafor overt empathic responding in client-centered therapy.


of inclusiveness and exclusiveness, but the higher objectives of shar ī ' a highlights holistically the philosophy of shar ī ' a and provides a rational justification for the system of normative rulings presented by the jurists of the schools ( fuqah ā ' al-madh ā hib )


Aerial photographs of the coastline from Nunam Iqua to Chevak were collected on September 1, 2015. The photographs were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques. Global Positioning System (GPS) checkpoints were collected via a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) survey conducted between August 15 and September 14, 2015. For the purposes of open access to elevation and orthoimagery datasets in coastal regions of Alaska, this collection is being released as a Raw Data File with an open end-user license. This file is a single-band, 32-bit float DSM (digital surface model) which represents surface elevations of buildings, vegetation, and uncovered ground surfaces in meters with 20 cm GSD. The No Data value is set to -32767. The file employs LZW compression.


Every step of the instructional process can get much advantage from the several educational resources (contents and tools) available on the Web. The main problem is to find the most appropriate resources for our goals, and the information to use/re-use them in our teaching/learning activities. Several standard metadata schemes exist and are used, such us Dublin Core and IEEE Learning Object Metadata (LOM), that can enhance web instructional resources discovery, even if they were mainly designed for the web-cataloguing of bibliographic items. In this paper we propose a classification scheme of instructional digital resources, specifically adapted for the instructional process we will illustrate, taking into account that web resources can be teaching/learning materials (learning objects), but also "tools", i.e. computer software, that need additional technical information to be used.


For this study, 125 one-day-old broiler chicks were procured from the local market. They were divided into five group A, 8, C, D and E and all groups were reared upto 45 days separately in different cages. All groups were provided with feed and water ad libitum and vaccinated. Disinfectants used to spray in the presence of birds of groups A, B, C and D were TH4 , Prophyl, Beloran and Fourtedes, respectively. Group E was kept as control_. The disinfectants were sprayed once a week, starting from 1st week to 5th week of experiment, as per recommended doses. The average weight gain, feed consumed and feed conversion ratio (FCR) for all groups was determined on 15th, 30th and 45th day of the experiment. The proximate analysis of meat (pH, moisture, protein, fat and ash) of 5 birds of each group was conducted at the end of experiment. The mean values of weight gain by the birds of experimental groups were more than the mean values of the control on 45th day. Statistical analysis showed that experimental groups B, C, and D had significant difference (P<0.05) from control group E, but group A had non-significant difference from the control. FCR of all treated groups was better than the control. All groups had significant difference (P < 0.05) from the control except group A. Proximate analysis of meat revealed that there was non-significant difference among the control and treated groups.


The utility model discloses a radiating structure of a spherical video camera, which is used for radiating the heat of the spherical video camera and comprises an installation and an outer shell; the installation plate is connected with an infrared light-filling device and is used for absorbing the heat from the infrared light-filling device and fixing the infrared light-filling device; and the outer shell is connected with the installation plate and is used for absorbing the heat from the infrared light-filling device which is absorbed by the installation plate and fixing the installation plate. The embodiment can reduce the internal temperature of the spherical video camera, maintain the normal work of equipment and prolong the service life of the equipment.


Most of Japanese living rooms adopt a general lighting system with a suspended luminaire at the center of a room.A rational design of their lighting must be based on a prediction of the luminous emittance of the room surface.In order to predict the horizontal illuminance distributions on the floor or a horizontal plane 40 cm above the floor in a room (2.7m •~ 2.7m •~ 2.4 m), we made a calculation of interflections using the light distributions of the luminaire. In this case the considered square room was replaced by a cylinder one which has the same floor area and height as those of the square room so that the shape factors and the initial luminous emittances might be easily calcualted. However,to apply this treatment in practice,it is necessary to know how the results obtained from the cylinder approximation agree with those obtained from the square room. To study this problem the square room and the cylinder one were divided into 18 and 9 surface elements respectively and the following linear simultaneous equations were solved by using a digital computer. (Bendix G-15).


The objective of this paper is to present the author's methodological concept (framework) of business negotiations analysis. Such an analysis constitutes one of the crucial stages of the first phase (sub-process) of business negotiations planning, which is called, identification and pre-negotiations analysis. Firstly, the general idea of the entire negotiations planning process and its phases and stages were presented. Secondly, in the subsequent parts of the paper the three following components of the suggested concept were characterized: a general description of business negotiations as an object of research, the process of negotiations analysis as well as particular tools being applied to solve key problems within that analysis. Finally, summing up the paper, the areas of future research were pointed out, focusing on improving the presented concept.


383 Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make up the majority of European industry, in terms of both the number of Ž rms and the number of employees. A common characteristic of SMEs is that they are more dependent on external services (from, for example, agencies, universities and industrial development programmes) than are large enterprises. This context has been the main driver behind the annual SMESME conferences. The meetings bring together people from academia and industry across the world to exchange views and experience on the development of the SME sector of manufacturing. The previous three SMESME conferences were held in ShefŽ eld, Plymouth and Coventry; hence Aalborg was the Ž rst to be held outside the UK.1 Nevertheless, 28 of the 75 participants ensured that the UK remained well represented, with most of other delegates coming from mainland Europe. Besides the academic and industrial presentations, an exhibition of SME information systems for production planning and control was arranged on the second conference day: this attracted a further 135 participants from Danish industry, consultancy agencies and universities. The four keynote presentations for SMESME 2001 were given by Thomas Gulledge (Professor, George Mason University, USA); Knud Sant (Associate Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers); Kim Hald (Project Manager, Bang & Olufsen) and Lars Fogh (Manager, Pumac); and Bo Bertelsen (Senior Director, LEGO). These speakers emphasized the strategic and operational challenges for SMEs in the global context. Two themes were particularly stressed – the extended use of information technology and improvements in supply chain operations. In total, the proceedings of SMESME 2001 comprise 50 papers covering a wide range of critical issues for SMEs, including: production and operational management, mass customization, supply chain issues, product modelling, quality management, Internet issues, information technology, change management and methods, business strategy, case studies and assistance programmes.2 Four papers from the conference have been selected for this issue of Industry and Higher Education, all focusing on the area of industry–university collaboration as it relates to SMEs. SPECIAL FOCUS


The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) specifies over 200 toxic organic compounds to be used to screen for suspected ground water contamination at land-based hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. The suitability of purge-trap-desorb (PTD) procedures for determination of 84 volatile organic compounds with capillary column gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) was evaluated. After collecting GC-MS data not previously available for some analytes, 7 of the 84 compounds were eliminated from further consideration because of poor purging efficiency or analyte stability problems.


Based on the monthly returns data of 145 mergers and 131 acquisitions that took place in India between 1998 and 2010, the authors find that mostly poor performing companies go for mergers and acquisitions. Before acquisition, the acquiring companies generated about 1.33% lower returns per month compared to a group of benchmark companies that share the same risk parameters as the acquiring companies. However, their financial performance improved substantially after the merger. These companies generated more than 0.5% excess returns per month compared to the returns generated by these benchmark companies. This shows that the Indian acquiring companies have been able to realize synergy from the mergers. JEL Classification: G34 * Pitabas Mohanty is Professor of Finance at XLRI Jamshedpur. Supriti Mishra is Associate Professor of Strategy at IMI Bhubaneswar. The views expressed in the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the National Stock Exchange of India Ltd. The author can be contacted at email@example.com.


Abstract Doxyl2 (4,4-dimethyloxazolidine-N-oxy1) nitroxides and the more recently introduced proxyl3 (for example, 8) nitroxides are important stable free radicals for the study of biological systems using the spin labeling technique.4 Chemical transformations on molecules already bearing a nitroxide grouping lead to new nitroxide spin labels, providing of course, that the synthetic steps do not destroy the somewhat sensitive nitroxide grouping.4 We wish to report that nitroxide carboxylic acids can be smoothly reduced to the corresponding nitroxide alcohols in high yield using borane methyl sulfide5 in ether solution at 25°C. Heretofore, LiAlH4 has been employed for this reduction.6 Since borane methyl sulfide and LiAlH4 differ considerably in their reactivity toward other functional groups5, the borane methyl sulfide reagent constitutes a valuable alternative to LiAlH4 for chemically modifying nitroxide carboxylic acids which also bear other functional groups susceptible toward reduction by LiAlH4.


The aim of research was to find out the variability of spruce ( Picea abies (L.)) Karst.) wood compression strength limits in the direction parallel to grain. The wood strength was examined using samples from a tree with present reaction (compression) wood. The strength was found out for individual stem zones (CW, OW, SWL and SWR). The zone with present compression wood (CW) demonstrated slightly higher values of wood strength limits. The differ - ences in the limits of compression strength parallel to grain in individual zones were not statistically significant. All the data acquired by measuring were used to create 3D models for each zone. The models describe the strength along the radius and along the stem height. The change of strength along the stem radius was statistically highly significant. There was an obvious tendency towards an increase in the strength limit in the first 40 years. With the increased stem height, there is a slight decrease in wood strength.


Internet has been used for businesses as a strategic means in competition in the nowadays business world. Websites are considered particularly as the faces of the international businesses in transferring the information about them and their services to their customers with different characteristics in different countries. If many details have been designed for the business from the information in the business`s website to the colors used in it in the aspect of cultural dimensions, the easiness of understanding and perceiving has been able to be gotten and in the same time, it has been possible to be able to form an interaction with the customers directly. In this study, the importance of Hofstede`s preparing websites according to the cultural dimensions has been explained and the websites which have adapted the cultural dimensions, have been examined


According to the present disclosure, adaptive noise cancellation system may include a controller. The controller may be configured to determine the degree of convergence of the adaptive coefficient control block for controlling the adaptive response of the adaptive noise cancellation system. The controller, when the adaptive noise cancellation system is properly converged, the adaptive noise cancellation system, so that it is possible to save power by disabling one or more of its components, the convergence of the adaptive response If the degree is below a certain threshold, to enable adaptation of the adaptive coefficient control block, if the degree of convergence of the adaptive response is above a certain threshold, the adaptation of the adaptive coefficient control block it can be disabled.


Thank you very much for downloading governing death and loss empowerment involvement and participation. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this governing death and loss empowerment involvement and participation, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their laptop.


Synergistic experimental and theoretical studies have allowed the disentangling of the possible pathways for the supramolecular polymerization of a series of dicyanovinyl-bridged N-heterotriangulene (NHT) derivatives bearing benzamide units with achiral (1a) and chiral (1b,c) side chains. The synthesis of these bowl-shaped, self-assembling units yields a mixture of monomeric species with C3- and C1-symmetry. Both monomeric species are able to self-assemble into different supramolecular aggregates with sufficient stability to coexist in freshly prepared solutions. The dissimilar ratio of the aggregates initially generated results in different spectroscopic features and, more specifically, in the apparition of nonmirror circular dichroism (CD) spectra for chiral 1b and 1c. The interconversion at room temperature of the aggregates formed by the C3- and C1-symmetry monomeric species is energetically unfavorable due to the steric hindrance between the neighboring dicyanovinyl groups within the aggregate. Heati...


Abstract : A research outline is presented for the development of constitutive equations that would characterize the response of the various materials comprising an airfield system. The constitutive equations will be compatible within a broad analytical approach based upon finite element computer techniques. These equations would be functionally optimized, yet they will maintain the capability of faithfully simulating actual material behavior. Different approaches to constitutive equation development are discussed. Available techniques are briefly analyzed and compared, and some peripheral difficulties associated with achieving satisfactory airfield pavement response simulation are pointed out. A brief commentary on the state of the art is presented. Developments in constitutive equations considered most appropriate for characterizing the various pavement materials are recommended.


Let $G _{p}^{t}$ be the group of p-permutations on tally sets. In this paper, we will show that $G _{p}^{\iota}\triangleright F_{p}\triangleright A_{p}\triangleright\{id\}$ is the unique composition series for $G _{p}^{t}$ , where $F _{p}$ is a normal subgroup of $G _{p}^{t}$ composed of finite p-permutations, and $A _{p}$ is a normal subgroup of $F _{p}$ of index 2, and $id$ is the identity p-permutation.


In Isaac Asimov's novel Foundation and Earth (Grafton 1987) the inhabitants of the planet Solaria have evolved from early Earth space explorers. They have developed a society with many robots and few people. The small population of Solarians live as far from each other as possible. These solitary people are confined to their estates, which are distributed evenly across the planet. In this article I investigate the pretty problem of even distribution of points on a sphere. With the exception of one piece of spherical trigonometry the work needed to derive my (admittedly restricted) set of results is routine for sixth-form mathematicians but has the interesting pay-off announced in the title.


It was found that cadmium in barite was extracted more efficiently with aqua regia at 160℃ and under pressure for 1h in a tightly sealed PTFE vessel.After dilution and filtration,cadmium was determined by GFAAS. The recoveries by the standard addition method were between 95.3% to 98.8%,the RSD's were between1.67% to 4.57 %, the detection limit of the method was 5.1 ng/L.