THE EDMONTON GROUP at the University of Alberta is probably the closest thing we have to a school of linguistics in Canada. It is not necessarily the case that a school must subscribe to the same overall theoretical orientation or even methodological discipline, for there are other unifying characteristics which may call forth such a designation. In the case of the Edmonton group, it is obvious that their commitment to experimental linguistics forms the nucleus around which much of their efforts are directed. Their commitment has proven productive, and we have begun to see an outpouring of research work both in journals and anthologies, as well as larger works such as this one. Their position is simple but fundamental: an experimental approach to linguistic inquiry must be the cornerstone of attempts to understand the nature of human language. The experimental linguist requires independent empirical support for any claims he might make or incorporate into theory as to the nature of language. Linguistics has made strong claims, directly and indirectly, about the psychological reality of its formulations. However, these have typically been made in the absence of formal psycholinguistic testing and, in fact, have often been totally unsupported by relevant experimental results. Some may view this relationship between psychology and linguistics as a novel one. Notwithstanding the Chomskian characterization of linguistics as a branch of cognitive psychology, the tradition goes back much further. Wilhelm Wundt, in taking the chair at Leipzig in the 1870s, in fact shared the chair of philosophy with a philologist-linguist of the period. Linguistics and psychology not only were seen as compatible but, in fact, as having the same philosophical roots. It is only with Bloomfield's second book on language in 1933, quite distinct from his 1914 book, that the relative autonomy of linguistics is called for. With the exception of Delbriick, the early relations between the disciplines had at least been compatible. What the Edmonton group suggests is a reinstitution of the working relationship between psychology and linguistics. Psycholinguistics is not seen as an adjunct to the primary discipline of linguistics but rather as the foreground upon which the enterprise must be carried out. In establishing the independence of linguistics from psychology, the Bloomfield (1933) orientation was as much a product of the ideas of the time as a radically independent position. European functionalism was being largely replaced by American behaviorism and there was no reason for linguistics to be intimately tied to the working methodologies of either, although structuralism in linguistics was more compatible with behaviorism in psychology from the point of view of its positivistic reductionism as well as its concentration on


The results of the study of fire resistance of cable penetrations, in the design of which used a reactive fire protection material "Endotherm HT-150". The research methodology based on the provisions of DSTU B B.1.1-8, DSTU-N B EN 1991-1-2, DSTU-N B EN 1992-1-2 has been applied. The essence of this technique is that samples of cable penetrations are installed in a vertical support structure of the furnace. At the stage of fire exposure under the standard temperature regime and at the stage of cooling the furnace, temperature is measured on the unheated surface of the specimens, and their behavior is observed (cracks, holes, flames appear on the unheated side of the specimens). According to the experimental data, the integrity and thermal insulation capacity of cable penetrations are evaluated. According to the results of the research, the characteristics of fire resistance of cable penetrations with the use of reactive fire protection material "Endotherm HT-150" were determined. It is established that the design parameters of these cable penetrations significantly affect their fire resistance. So the cable penetrations, in which the cables are laid in steel boxes with reactive fire protection coating, correspond to the class of fire resistance EI 150. Cable penetration, in which cables with a reactive fire protection coating directly pass through the enclosure structure, corresponds to the class of fire resistance EI 90. Under fire conditions, the temperature on the unheated surface is of the lowest value for the cable penetration, in which the structural steel boxes are used. For a cable duct with a solid steel box, this temperature is several tens of degrees higher. The highest temperature on the unheated surface is provided by the cable penetration, in the construction of which no steel box is used. The direction of further researches which are focused on revealing of influence of parameters of a steel cable box, a protective structure, fire protection lining with application of reactive fire protection material and brands of cables on the fire resistance of cable penetrations is determined.


Angular distribution measurements of /sup 8/Be(g.s.) at E/sub CM/ = 12.8 MeV in the /sup 12/C + /sup 16/O system indicate a spin parity J/sup ..pi../ = 7/sup -/ for this intermediate resonance. 1 reference.


The utility model provides a ceramic disk filter. The ceramic disk filter comprises a white water tank, a ceramic filtering disk, a hollow collecting pipe and a driving device, wherein a part of the ceramic filtering disk is soaked in the white water tank; the ceramic filtering disk is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped ceramic filtering units which are arranged along the circumference, each ceramic filtering unit is in a hollow shape and has a plurality of micro-filtering holes, the hollow collecting pipe is arranged on a center shaft of the ceramic filtering disk in a penetrating manner, and a hollow cavity of the ceramic filtering disk is communicated with an inner cavity of the hollow collecting pipe; the driving device is connected with the ceramic filtering disk, and the ceramic filtering disk is driven to rotate by rolling the axial direction. The ceramic disk filter provided by the utility model has the advantages that the filtering effect is good, the configuration is reasonable, the operation is stable, and the cost is low.


The present study examines creative formative activities and Hangul educational contents related to art for children aged four to five based on discipline-based art education, a famous type of art appreciation education as well as the theological foundation of visual perception training. During the process of designing contents for the activity "Amusement Art Museum: Level1 - Dreams of the Jungle", the most suitable words for infants' physical development process (study level 1 and 2) were chosen based on study results by Hangul education professionals. The stages from the image-word communication stage?in which children aged four to five show interest at the basic Hangul text learning level?to the final stage of literacy were applied to this content. In this Hangul learning process, the program was designed to allow aesthetic education through famous artworks and, at the same time, to allow instinctive acquisition of Hangul through play activities and engagement in creative formative activities. This new learning approach distances itself from the current cramming method of education, and it will be viewed in a new light as Hangul education provided through convergence of content.


Dynamic programming models for the operation optimization of pumped storage power stations are developed,in which the operation optimization is expressed as the multistage decision processes based on the daily and weekly operation optimization of pumped storage power stations.The objective function of the models is to maximize the benefit from the pump and generation cycle of the stations under the constraints such as balances of electric power and energy,and restrictions of reservoir capacity,and restrictions of generating output and pump power.The models and their applications are illustrated by case studies.


This paper provides a comparative study on the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capacity of wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) under Fixed Speed Induction Generator (FSIG), FSIG with FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission) devices such as Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) or Static Var Compensator (SVC), and Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). The dynamic operations of the WECSs during grid side voltage sag and various balanced and unbalanced faults are investigated. The simulation results in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems show that a FSIG based wind farm does not have the LVRT capacity due to insufficient reactive power support during disturbances. FACTS devices such as STATCOM or SVC can improve the LVRT capacity of FSIG based WECSs, with STATCOM providing better Var compensating capacity than SVC. DFIG based WECSs has better LVRT capacity and voltage stability due to its real and reactive power control ability. As a result, DFIG based WECS can provide better stability performance to enable the WECS to ride-through severe balanced and unbalanced faults.


Network data containing attributes of both vertices and vertex pairs can be analysed together using multivariate entropies. This general multivariate technique is here illustrated with data previou ...


Patrick Diamond and Nabeelah Jaffer argue that politicians should be wary of legitimising ideas of immigration as a constant threat. Pandering to populist polemic will only raise expectations of a solution that Government cannot provide and does nothing to address underlying socio-economic problems.


A discrete weighted Hardy inequality is studied, and by proving a refinement lemma, the characterization of the weight sequence {ω_(n)}_(n≥1) in order that the weighted l~(p)-Hardy inequality holds for all nonnegative and nonincreasing sequence c_(n) is given. This is a substantial generalization of the classical Hardy inequality, the characteristic condition of the weights is short-cut and easy to be verified, and its continuous analog was used to study the boundedness of maximal functions in Lorentz spaces by Arino and Muckenhoupt.


B.Tech Final year, Information Technology, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a complex and a periodic time series, which is a sum over a very large number of neuronal membrane potentials. In this Project we have proposed the Multiclass Support Vector Machines with new Kernel (MSVM) for EEG (Electroencephalogram) signals classification problem with hybrid domain features. The Feature Extraction and Classification are performed using the publicly available benchmark datasets. The wavelet transform (WT) is used to extract the time, frequency, wavelet coefficients of discrete time signals. The best among the features extracted are selected using fuzzy logic. Then we classify the selected features using the Multiclass SVM classification technique. Our new classification technique achieves higher classification accuracy and reduces the computational complexity than the existing techniques.


In the last decade the sol-gel process became a promising method to synthesize materials in form of coatings, nanoscale powders and porous systems. Several products or devices made with such a process already exist on the market. This paper briefly reviews the state of the art in the development of electrochromic coatings and devices and nanocrystalline solar cells achieved during the last decade using sol-gel derived pure and doped niobium pentoxide.


he ignores Philo's dependence upon this kind of popular philosophy, in spite of the considerable recent literature on this subject. Professor Wolfson has enthusiasm. He does not always convince us that he writes with equal care and discretion. For example, in various passages diligently assembled at i, pp. 363-6, Philo refers to the belief that the stars are living beings. In all but one passage Philo does not identify himself with this opinion; he merely quotes it as a philosophical opinion of which he neither approves nor disapproves. But in de Gigantibus 8 he says without qualification: KOL yap OSTOI (dardpes) i/tvxo-l oXcu 81' 6Xwv aicqpaTol re Kal delcu. The passage is one in which Philo appears to be drawing on a commonplace tradition (cf. W. Bousset's remarks on this section in his Judisch-christticher Schulbetrieb in Alexandria u. Rom, 1915, pp. 15 ff., to which Wolfson does not refer). But on p. 366 Philo is credited with ' denial' of the existence of a soul in the celestial bodies.


We tested the hypothesis that shedding of membrane FasL is a mechanism for downregulating FasL/Fas signaling and both membrane and soluble FasL are involved in cardiomyocyte hypoxia/ reoxygenation (H/R) injury. We examined the relative importance of mitochondrial damage and direct cleavage of the executioner caspases by activated initiator caspase-8 in the propagation of FasL/Fas signaling activated by either recombinant membrane FasL or H/R. In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes maintained under normal culture conditions, recombinant human soluble FasL increased caspase-3 activation by twofold but did not reduce cell viability. In contrast, infection with a recombinant adenoviral vector expressing the non-cleavable human FasL (Ad2/ nchFasL) resulted in cardio- myocyte death that was attenuated by soluble FasL. H/R increased the mRNA levels of both FasL and Fas and activated caspases-8, -9 and -3, indicating the activation of FasL/Fas signaling. Z-IETD-fmk and Z-LEHD-fmk, selective inhibitors for caspases-8 and-9, respectively, abolished caspase-3 activation induced by Ad2/nchFasL or H/R. Z-IETD-fmk also significantly reduced Ad2/nchFasL- or H/R- induced cardiomyocyte death. H/R potentiated membrane FasL-induced cell death. Shedding of membrane FasL downregulates FasL/Fas signaling in cardiomyo- cytes and both membrane and soluble FasL contribute to H/R injury.Activation of FasL/Fas signaling by either recombinant membrane FasL under normal culture conditions or H/R causes cardiomyocyte death mainly through the mitochondrial damage/caspase -9 activation pathway.


Emergency services were called to The Ranch Caravan Park on Cliffe Common at 3.12am today (Sunday 1 December 2013) after a man was found unconscious in ...


This paper presents the design and performance analysis of Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) based Proportional-Integral (PI) controller for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of an interconnected power system. A two area non-reheat thermal system equipped with PI controllers which is widely used in literature is considered for the design and analysis purpose. The design problem is formulated as an optimization problem and GSA is employed to search for optimal controller parameters. Three different objective functions using Integral Time multiply Absolute Error (ITAE), damping ratio of dominant eigen values and settling times of frequency and tie line power deviations with appropriate weight coefficients are derived in order to increase the performance of the controller. The superiority of the proposed GSA optimized PI controller is demonstrated by comparing the results with some recently published modern heuristic optimization techniques such as Bacteria Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) based PI controller for the same interconnected power system. It is observed that the dynamic performance of GSA optimized PI controller is better than BFOA and GA optimized PI controllers.


Objectives: This study evaluates complications and reconstructive failure rates in implant-based reconstruction with radiotherapy. Background: Postmastectomy radiotherapy may adversely affect breast reconstructive outcomes. However, the comparative effect of radiotherapy on direct-to-implant versus tissue expander-implant reconstruction has not been examined. Methods: Single institution retrospective review was performed and patients were followed 2 to 10 years. Results: Of 1566 patients, 265 patients received radiation (149 immediate implants and 116 tissue expanders). Demographics were similar except more smokers in the expander group (7.7% vs 1.3%; P = 0.012). Patients who received radiation with an expander in place had overall more complications (32.8% vs 11.4%; P < 0.001), skin necrosis (10.3% vs 4.0%; P = 0.043), wound breakdown (9.5% vs 2.7%; P = 0.029), and infections (16.4% vs 4.03%; P = 0.001) leading to a higher rate of explantation (16.4% vs 4.0%; P < 0.001). A radiation boost likewise predicted complications [odds ratio (OR) 2.199, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.154–4.188, P = 0.017]. When comparing reconstructive outcomes, radiated expanders had a higher failure rate (21.6% vs 11.4%; P = 0.025). Revision for capsular contracture was similar between the 2 cohorts (11.4% vs 11.2%; P = 0.959) as were revision rates for contour asymmetry and breast asymmetry. In our multivariable logistic regression analysis, radiation to the expander had a higher risk of reconstruction failure than radiation to the permanent implant (OR 2.020, 95% CI 1.010–4.037, P = 0.047). Conclusion: Most patients had successful implant-based reconstructions after mastectomy and radiotherapy. Our study showed radiotherapy after direct-to-implant breast reconstruction had a lower rate of complications and reconstructive failure compared to tissue expander-implant reconstruction.


Graphical Abstract Abstract The traditional form of development and investigation off the antimicrobial has been resulting inefficient according to the delay of the new candidates discovery in the last years. Several limitations have been demonstrated, such as the long time invested, the expensive experimental trials or the errors in the manipulation of the researcher. To solve this problem, the application of computational methods in the design of drugs raised as a promised alternative. Specifically, the QSPR studies are oriented to determine the functions that capable to predict a particular property of a compound, using the information contained in their molecular descriptors. This strategy allowed analyzing a great quantity of molecules in a minor time and with less resources. Five specific models were defined in the present work in order to predict the interested physicochemical properties (aqueous solubility (S), partition coefficient (P), distribution constant (D), acid dissociation constant ( 𝐾𝐾 𝑎𝑎 ) and superficial tension (σ)) for the external use only of a series of 400 antimicrobial compounds, with simplified representations, physicochemical properties and


Novel macrocyclic dendrimers (Scheme 2), having two cis-1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarboxamide (1) or 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamide units (3) in their core, were synthesized, and their self-assembly behaviors were evaluated in solution. Infrared spectroscopy of cis-1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarboxamide cored dendrimer (1) in CHCl3 indicated that formation of strong hydrogen-bonding interactions is taking place among the core units. The 1 H NMR spectrum of 1 in CDCl3 showed broadenings of all the peaks, which were sharpened by adding one drop of CF3CO2H. GPC analysis showed the formation of self-assembled particles having ultrahigh molecular weight, whose average diameter was evaluated as about 140 nm by DLS measurement. AFM observation of the cast on mica film showed that 1 forms a fibrous assembly of uniform thickness with a diameter of 6 nm. In sharp contrast to 1, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamide units cored dendrimer (3) did not form a fibrous assembly under identical conditions because of the twisted arrangement of the core units.


It is well known that a nuclear resonance magnetic field is used in capturing a MRI image in medical field. When one goes for MRI, he is kept under the nuclear field scanning (approximately under 64 MHz range) for a wide span of time. This instead of helping adds harm to patient's health. A new technique sparse sampling or compressive sensing has come into the picture, by using which number of measurements or samples taken can be reduced to a very little number than that were used initially and thus number of radiations bombarded to patient can also be reduced to a great extent. The image we get is little tolerated on PSNR value but has an observable quality. This appear focuses on reducing the recovery timings of MRI image by fitting compressive sensing to MR imaging.


As air pollution increasing due to the development of industry, corrosion becomes a serious issue to the electronic products. Sulfur is one of the hazardous element in the polluted gas. Creep corrosion occurs on the electronic components caused by high sulfur content environment and high moisture. The corrosion affects the reliability of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) in consumer products, automobile electronic devices and air pollutant control sensor. Silver is commonly used in high-frequency devices as surface finish. It is especially keen to be corroded in high sulfur content ambient. In addition, electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) and immersion tin (ImSn) are widely adopted as the surface finishes for the consumer products. These coatings are also vulnerable to the hazardous gas that contains sulfur. For high reliability devices or automotive electronics, it is critical to develop new surface finish that can effectively inhibit corrosion gas. This paper proposes new coating layers that include cobalt and tin to enhance the corrosion resistance.This study compared different surface finishes, ENIG, ImSn, and electroless cobalt (EC) on the automotive PCBs. Since electroplated copper is beneath the surface finishes, bare copper without any surface finish was used as the base line for comparison. Corrosion tests were conducted in the corrosion chamber with a humidity of 100 %. All samples were exposed to sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas at 80 °C for different duration of times. Creep corrosion would cause the formation of corrosion products that migrated on the sample surface. Surface morphologies were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composition of corrosion products was analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Copper signals could be detected when the surface finishes failed to resist the corrosion. The corrosion products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and their chemical bonds were investigated by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). More corrosion products were grown on bare copper, ENIG and EC than on ImSn. Hence, ImSn demonstrated high propensity to resist corrosion. However, both EDS and ESCA results showed that copper signals were detected only in the corrosion products on ImSn, ENIG, and bare copper but not on EC. In addition, the crystal structure of EC remained amorphous after corrosion test. It indicated that EC could be an effective diffusion barrier for copper diffusion. The results showed that the combination of ImSn and EC are potential candidates as new surface finish to inhibit both the growth of corrosion products and the interaction between Cu and SO2. The design could be a promising surface finish for high reliability devices.


The present invention relates to a particular portion of the particular microorganism are present in the papermaking process used to identify the methods and compositions. The method comprises obtaining a sample from the process, the process with little or no viable microorganisms sample is retained. However, because the DNA from the biological remains, therefore, part of the DNA analysis to identify specific for a particular organism will correctly identify the presence of microorganisms. This permits analysis of the infection present in the paper or felt, when a sample is acquired for analysis, the felt or sheet having a plurality of generally no longer viable microorganisms.


Wildfires are disturbances that affect forest structure and dynamics. Forests and the atmosphere interact in different ways; one is by emitting carbon (C) through wildfires and recapturing it by photosynthesis of regrowing vegetation. Estimation of C emissions and uptake allows monitoring and inventorying C at stand, landscape, or regional levels. We indirectly estimated C and other greenhouse gas emissions and uptake following Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines, and also using growth curves derived from real data, in three burned pure Andean cypress (Austrocedrus chilensis) stands in Patagonia, Argentina. The sites, termed INTA (humid), LACO (mesic) and CECE (xeric), were burned on different dates (1987, INTA; 1999, CECE; 2008, LACO). Nearby unburned stands with similar structural and floristic characteristics were used as analogues to make our estimations. Carbon losses represented 245, 225, and 215 t CO2 ha−1 for CECE, INTA and LACO respectively. Amount of carbon sequestered by post-fire vegetation depended on the time-lag from fire occurrence to date of sampling, whereas C uptake rates varied in time according to differences in site environmental conditions. Andean cypress seedlings present in burned stands suggest that outside the time needed, each site may recover not only lost C but also former structure and functions.


In light of the recent currency crises in East Asia, this article questions the accepted wisdom that emerging market securities deserve to be included in global portfolios primarily because of their low correlations with more conventional asset classes. The authors suggest that the basic cycle of emerging market loans and securities appears to have been compressed, and its swings accentuated, by the herd-like behavior of global institutional investors. This is not the irrational behavior of crowds infected by investment euphoria, but the rational behavior (however volatile) of a large number of institutional investors with huge stakes in the market, each trying to outperform or at least keep up with the others. 1997 Morgan Stanley.


The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the relationship between employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction, and also to examine the impact of both on a hospitality company's financial performance utilizing service-profit-chain framework as the theoretical base. Specifically, this study explores four major relationships: 1) The direct relationship between customer satisfaction and financial  performance; 2) The direct relationship between employee satisfaction and financial performance; 3) The direct relationship between customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction; and 4) The indirect relationship between employee satisfaction and financial performance. Furthermore, this study examines the mediating role of customer satisfaction on the indirect relationship between employee satisfaction and financial performance. The data were collected from employees, customers and managers of hotels in Jakarta . LISREL 8.8 Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a two-step approach was utilized to empirically test the proposed hypotheses and the relationships between the constructs. Findings suggest that while customer satisfaction has  positive significant effect on financial performance, employee satisfaction has no direct significant effect on financial performance. Instead, there is an indirect relationship between employee satisfaction and financial performance, which is mediated by customer satisfaction.


The purpose of this paper and presentation is to share with the readers and attendees lesson's the author has learned over the last 30 plus years of practicing and using the traditional Value Methodology Job Plan. The tools and concepts referred to in this paper have been learned from the VM practitioner community, clients, and personal experience. The author is aware of the continuing large number of VM clients and practitioners who are disappointed by not achieving all expected benefits from VM initiatives. In all of these cases Value is not identified and/or quantified, and a corresponding logical (how/why and/or cause/effect) functional analysis does not exist. Most of this dissatisfaction is caused by focusing on only a single element of Value such as quality, cost, function, or performance, with no formal or systematic consideration of the impact on all value elements. This results in leaving all other Value considerations to chance and to others to address. A recent poll listed the top six reasons for companies going out of business; the last reason was lack of cash flow (money); higher ranked reasons 1 to 5 were related to non-monetary reasons (functions, benefits, customer dissatisfaction, etc). VM is the only methodology that addresses Value and all Value elements as a whole. The author is also aware that the VM Job Plan is so intuitively correct that users and clients are aware of, encouraged by, and benefit from Value and Function statements, discussion, and ideology, even when the VM Job Plan is not fully used or developed.


Civil turnover is based on transactions, therefore the legislator's main task is to provide an effective mechanism for ensuring that the subjects of civil relations act in good faith. To agree the terms of their future contract, the parties may sign a preliminary agreement or a letter (protocol, agreement) of intent. However, there is a fundamental difference between these forms of agreements that may affect the ability to protect the parties' interests in court.


The microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Nickel-Titanium-Copper shape memory alloy were inspected in this research. The Ni46-Ti50-Cu4alloy was prepared based on the powder metallurgy method, then mixed and cold-pressed at (600, 700, and 800) MPa, respectively, to form cylindrical samples of 11mm diameter × 16.5mm length. After pressing, the samples got sufficient green strength for handling. The specimens were consequently sintered at (850,900 and 950) °C for five hours in an electric vacuum tube furnace. The optimum compacting pressure and sintering temperature were identified using the Minitab program. The effect of optimum parameters on the shape memory was 83.5 % at a temperature of sintering of 850°C and a pressure of compacting 800 MPa. Samples prepared under the optimum process conditions were then irradiated utilizing a pulsed ND: YAG laser at 300mJ, 400mJ, 500mJ, and 600mJ. Multiple tests were conducted on the alloys, including shape memory effect, porosity measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and corrosion rate test. The results indicated that decrease the corrosion rate after laser processing. The lowest value of the rate of corrosion was obtained when the energy of laser irradiation was 500, which corresponds to the structural and physical properties.


The authors consider the policy of East Siberian and Far Eastern organizations of right-wing socialist parties during the Kolchak dictatorship in 1919 –early 1920. The article highlights the activities of the governing bodies of these parties to develop new tactics after the Kolchak coup. The main attention is paid to the oppositional activities of the Socialist-Revolutionaries and Mensheviks, their role in preparing the liquidation of the white regime. The article analyzes the policy of the Irkutsk Political Center, the tactics of the "third force", as well as the attempt of right-wing socialists to create a buffer state in the East of Russia.


Physicochemical properties of the waste dump was took as a starting point,and the waste dump hazards were analyzed from environmental pollution,land occupation,destruction of the landscape and geological disasters; the general approach to vegetation restoration in coal was summarized,including basic research,terraforming matrix improvement,species selection,planting and vegetation management and protection,etc.,and in-depth study of the vegetation restoration in coal gangue was suggested.


Truancy is a problem that is seriously affecting the overall success of the large urban school district, and in particular, the specific school in which I am employed. For the purpose of this paper, truancy will be defined as consecutive illegal absences from class or school. The purpose of the research is to develop a solution that can be proposed to my administrator in an effort to decrease, or eliminate truancy altogether and is to be initiated at the beginning of our next school year. Therefore, the first objective is to identify causes, effects, and solutions to truancy based on a review of literature. The second objective is to verify the causes of truancy in my school and compare these results with teacher opinions of the same causes. The final objective is to identify how teachers feel about truancy and realize what, or how much time the teachers are willing to offer in an effort to decrease, or eliminate the problem altogether. Document Type Thesis Degree Name MS in Special Education Department Education First Supervisor Susan M. Schultz Subject Categories Education This thesis is available at Fisher Digital Publications: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_ETD_masters/107 Truancy: Causes, Effects, and Solutions By Bill Rivers Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree M.S. Special Education Supervised by Dr. Susan M. Schultz School of Education St. John Fisher College April, 2010 Truancy: Causes, Effects, and Solutions 1 ABSTRACT: Truancy is a problem that is seriously affecting the overall success of the large urban school district, and in particular, the specific school in which I am employed. For the purpose of this paper, truancy will be defined as consecutive illegal absences from class or school. The purpose of the research is to develop a solution that can be proposed to my administrator in an effort to decrease, or eliminate truancy altogether and is to be initiated at the beginning of our next school year. Therefore, the first objective is to identify causes, effects, and solutions to truancy based on a review of literature. The second objective is to verify the causes of truancy in my school and compare these results with teacher opinions of the same causes. The final objective is to identify how teachers feel about truancy and realize what, or how much time the teachers are willing to offer in an effort to decrease, or eliminate the problem altogether. Truancy is a problem that is seriously affecting the overall success of the large urban school district, and in particular, the specific school in which I am employed. For the purpose of this paper, truancy will be defined as consecutive illegal absences from class or school. The purpose of the research is to develop a solution that can be proposed to my administrator in an effort to decrease, or eliminate truancy altogether and is to be initiated at the beginning of our next school year. Therefore, the first objective is to identify causes, effects, and solutions to truancy based on a review of literature. The second objective is to verify the causes of truancy in my school and compare these results with teacher opinions of the same causes. The final objective is to identify how teachers feel about truancy and realize what, or how much time the teachers are willing to offer in an effort to decrease, or eliminate the problem altogether. Truancy: Causes, Effects, and Solutions 2 Table of


apping yer in both modeling and lift calculations, an unsteady model is also investigated in this study built upon the previous steady model. The rotational and translational motions are properly handled in the unsteady model while the unsteady lift is calculated by employing the unsteady Blasius theorem. It is again conrmed that, other than the rotational and added-mass eects, the term accounting for the motion of the vortex-sink should not be ignored in the unsteady force evaluation although this term is dierent than the corresponding term in the steady model. To further resolve the vortical structures in the wake of the plate, vortex sheets consist of discretized point vortices are introduced into the model at leading and trailing edges. Kutta-like condition is implemented at both the leading and trailing edges. The performance of the unsteady model is veried by simulating a starting at plate problem, the force calculations of the steady and unsteady models are compared with the available at plate experiments. It can be concluded from this paper that the shedding of the trailing edge vortices(TEVs) and stabilization of the leading edge vortices(LEVs) would contribute to positive lift generation. Furthermore, by comparing the unsteady lift with the steady lift, it is recommended not to use steady force calculation for aerodynamic force estimation in related applications.


Our cover photograph was provided to us by Yidi Wu, currently a graduate student in the history department at the University of California, Irvine. She and her cousin Liu Yiqing, a photographer working for China Water & Power Press in Beijing, visited North Korea as tourists in the summer of 2011, when Kim Jong Il was still in power. Liu took this snapshot of a tram in Pyongyang. On the side is written "Serving the People!" A peek into the windows shows passengers lost in thought, chatting with friends, reading, and, in one case, carrying a musical instrument. Photo used by permission.


Synopsis Here the Riemann boundary value problem-well known in analytic function theory as the problem to find entire analytic functions having a prescribed jump across a given contour-is solved for solutions of a pseudoparabolic equation which is derived from the complex differential equation of generalized analytic function theory. The general solution is given by use of the generating pair of the corresponding class of generalized analytic functions which gives rise to a representation for special bounded solutions of the pseudoparabolic equation. These solutions are obtained by linear integral equations one of which is given by a development of the generalized fundamental kernels of generalized analytic functions and which leads to a Cauchy-type integral representation. The bounded solutions are needed to transform the general boundary value problem (of non-negative index) with arbitrary initial data into a homogeneous problem which can easily be solved by the Cauchy-type integral (if the index is zero).


Climate change effects on human activities have become more and more evident in the last few decades and human society is looking for new solutions to deal with such consequences. One of the measures that can be developed to tackle this problem is the development of the Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans (SECAPs), aiming at reducing the mutual impact between human activities and climate at municipal level. To develop such policies, an extensive study of the building stock, of its current and future performances, and its possible improvements is fundamental. Therefore, an energy analysis for a historical building used as a museum and situat-ed in Trieste, a location included in the Interreg ITA-SLO Secap Project, is carried on in this work. The building represents a challenging task due to its historical nature and architectural features. The current climate for Trieste was represented through a Test Reference Year that was then projected into the future using different climate models. The building was numerically modeled, high-lighting its main structural and plant features and usage patterns. Future projections for the climate of Trieste showed a general increase in temperatures for all the studied models, leading to a forecasted decrease in heating gas consumption and an increase in electricity-cooling usage of the base building. Regarding the refurbishment interventions applicable in accordance with the preservation regulations, the results show an obtainable reduction of both gas and electricity consumption for every climatic condition considered. However, the interventions proved not to be economically feasible, showing a too-long simple economic return on the investment.


There are many factors that facilitate the perception of Eastern thought in Bulgaria. In this paper, I will regard two groups of premises: spiritual heritage and political history. In the first part, I will discuss the peculiarities of Christianity in Bulgaria as well as some specific Bulgarian answers to the spiritual quests at the beginning of last century, especially the ideas of Dunovism with its ambivalent attitude to Eastern teachings. In the second part, I will regard the period of socialism in Bulgaria with the impact of atheistic education and the activity of Lyudmila Zhivkova. I regard the influence of Dunovism, which prepared the inner spiritual soil for accepting the Eastern ideas, and the activity of Lyudmila Zhivkova, who introduced these ideas as a state policy, as a unique combination that facilitated the wide spread of yoga, meditation and different kinds of Far East spiritual teachings after the changes at the end of 1980s.


Patient: The patient was a 75-year-old woman who presented with the chief complaint of mastication disorder due to abnormal mandibular denture and pain in 43 and 44. The existing denture showed a reduction of the occlusal vertical dimension and disorder of the occlusal plane up to the anterior nasal spine in the maxilla and the mental spine in the mandible. Discussion: Improved dentures were fabricated that corrected the horizontal maxillomandibular relationship by Gothic arch tracing. The cause appeared to be poor biting habit due to pain in 43 and 44 for a long time and abnormal mandibular denture. The chief complaint of mastication disorder was improved by using the treatment denture. Conclusion: Improved denture stability and favorable outcomes were obtained for the patient by using a treatment denture after attaching a new denture.


We describe the .screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) method and the thirdgeneration linear muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) method for solving the single-particle Schrödinger equation for a MT potential. In the screened KKR method, the eigenvectors cRLti are given as the non-zero solutions, and the energies £,as those for which such solutions can be found, of the linear homogeneous equations: J^RL KR,L, RL (e;) cRLii = 0, where K" (e) is the screened KKR matrix. The screening is specified by the boundary condition that, when a screened spherical wave 4)RL(e,rR) is expanded in spherical harmonics VR'L' (fß') about its neighboring sites R', then each component either vanishes at a radius, rR'=aRiLi, or is a regular solution at that site. When the corresponding "hard" spheres are chosen to be nearly touching, then the KKR matrix is usually short ranged and its energy dependence smooth over a range of order 1 Ry around the centre of the valence band. The KKR matrix, K (e"), at a fixed, arbitrary energy turns out to be the negative of the Hamiltonian, and its first energy derivative, K (e"), to be the overlap matrix in a basis of kinked partial waves, $M (e", rR), each of which is a partial wave inside the MT-sphere, tailed with a screened spherical wave in the interstitial, or taking the other point of view, a screened spherical wave in the interstitial, augmented by a partial wave inside the sphere. When of short range, K (e) has the two-centre tight-binding (TB) form and can be generated in real space, simply by inversion of a positive definite matrix for a cluster. The LMTOs, XRL [ev), are smooth orbitals constructed from $RL{ev,rR) and $RL{ev,rR), and the Hamiltonian and overlap matrices in the basis of LMTOs are expressed solely in terms of K (e") and its first three energy derivatives. The errors of the single-particle energies £; obtained from the Hamiltonian and overlap matrices in the $ (e")and x {ev) bases are respectively of second and fourth order in e,— e". Third-generation LMTO sets give wave functions which are correct to order e; — ev, not only inside the MT spheres, but also in the interstitial region. As a consequence, the simple and popular formalism which previously resulted from the atomic-spheres approximation (ASA) now holds in general, that is, it includes downfolding and the combined correction. Downfolding to few-orbital, possibly short-ranged, low-energy, and possibly orthonormal Hamiltonians now works exceedingly well, as is demonstrated for a high-temperature superconductor. First-principles sp and spd TB Hamiltonians for the valence and lowest conduction bands of silicon are derived. Finally, we prove that the new method treats overlap of the potential wells correctly to leading order and we demonstrate how this can be exploited to get rid of the empty spheres in the diamond structure.


Introduction:
 Reducing the time from last known well to recanalization are associated with better functional outcomes and lower mortality in ischemic stroke. Recent data suggests that a "direct to angio" approach might improve the outcome of stroke patients with suspected emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). In this study, we aim to describe our direct-to-angiography vs those taken for additional imaging-first experience in our mobile stroke unit (MSU).

 Methods:
 Retrospective chart review from 2014 until 2022 was done. Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to ELVO arriving via MSU to our tertiary care comprehensive stroke center were included. We compared outcomes of those who went directly to the angiography suite versus those who underwent additional imaging studies first.

 Results:
 14 patients with ELVO went directly to angio (DTA group) compared to 52 patients who underwent additional imaging (CTA group). There were no differences in age, gender, pre-morbid vascular risk factors or presenting symptoms. The DTA group had a higher median initial NIHSS and a higher interquartile range when compared to the CTA group but not significant. The DTA group received more thrombolytic therapy compared to the CTA group (p = 0.03). The DTA group had better door-to-groin times (median 39 minutes) compared to the CTA group (median 51.5 minutes) (p = 0.02). TICI 0 - 2a was more frequently seen in the DTA group (35.7%) compared to the CTA group (9.6%) (p = 0.03). Mortality was significantly higher in the DTA group compared to the CTA group (35% vs. 9%; p = 0.028) but there was no difference in functional outcomes amongst groups (mRS 0 - 2 28% vs 17%; p = 0.45). There was a non-significantly higher incidence of tandem occlusions in the DTA group (28.5%) compared to the CTA group (28.5% vs. 15%; p = 0.43).

 Conclusions:
 In our analysis, those going direct to angiography from the MSU had less successful recanalization and increased mortality. These findings could also be related to the higher rate of tandem occlusions in the DTA group. Due to head only scanning being available on MSU, additional information from in-hospital scanning may offer other information which may influence selection of patients for the procedure. Further analysis of these paradigms, particularly on MSUs, are warranted.


The article reviews the exhibition "Michelle Stuart: Drawn from Nature," on view at the Santa Barbara Museum of Art in Santa Barbara, California.


The amount of carbon fixed per plant (CFC per plant) and oxygen released per plant (ORC per plant) for Platanus acerifolia were 1080.72 and 785.98 g/d, respectively. The highest contents in carbon fixation and oxygen release of P. acerifolia may indicate a good photosynthetic capacity compared to S. japonica and Z. serrata. However, the later two species of trees were found efficient related to the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and leaf area index (LAI). Introduction Human activities are contributing to the global climate change by greenhouse gas emissions (Barcelos et al. 2014, Liu et al. 2015), and carbon dioxide (CO2). They are most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Bazzaz 1990, Tripathi and Agrawal 2012, Kumari and Agrawal 2014). The concentrations of CO2 have continuously increased and reach 400 ppm on an average per day at Mauna Loa (Ward et al. 2015). Urban areas are directly or indirectly responsible for over 70% of atmospheric CO2 emission (Briber et al. 2013, Velasco et al. 2013). Landscape plants are an important part of urban ecosystem, which can reduce concentrations of atmospheric CO2 by fixing it into carbohydrate in plant organs (Berg et al. 2010, Fuchs 2011). Carbon fixation is one of the dominant biochemical processes in the biosphere, which refers to the conversion process of inorganic carbon (CO2) to organic compounds by plants (Geider et al. 2001, Berg 2011). All the major biological components of carbon fixation are derived from the photosynthetic process of plants (Körner et al. 2005). So far, several studies were carried out focusing the photosynthetic capacity of plants to adapt different environments (Calatayud et al. 2002, Reddy and Zhao 2005, Hamilton et al. 2008, Geissler et al. 2009, Danyagri and Dang 2013, Meng et al. 2014, Niu et al. 2014). However, less information is available on the photosynthetic characteristics and the functions of fixing carbon and releasing oxygen in landscape trees. Three landscape trees, namely Chinese scholar tree (Sophora japonica, Fam. Fabaceae), Japanese zelkova (Zelkova serrata, Fam.: Ulmaceae) and London plane tree (Platanus acerifolia, Fam.: Plantanaceae) are dominant species of deciduous forest in northern China. These species have the important ecological and economical status in urban area. In the present study, the photosynthetic characteristics and the functions of fixing carbon and releasing oxygen in the three landscape trees were studied. By estimating the functions of fixing carbon and releasing oxygen by the three plants, we can determine the role of landscape trees in mitigating climate change and offsetting local CO2 emissions. It would provide critical insights on future research of ecological function evaluation of landscape trees. Author for correspondence: <firstname.lastname@example.com>.


Abstract In this paper, a novel companding scheme is proposed to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of lattice orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (LOFDM) system. By transforming the statistics of original signals into a specified distribution form, which is defined by a continuous sine function, this scheme can achieve a simple companding form as well as an improved PAPR and bit-error-rate (BER) performance. Moreover, by introducing the variable companding parameters in the desired probability density function (PDF), a great design flexibility in the companding form and an effective trade-off between the PAPR reduction and BER performance can be achieved to satisfy various system demands. The general formulas of the proposed scheme are derived and a theoretical analysis regarding the achievable transform gain and the selection criteria of companding parameters are also conducted. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can substantially outperform the conventional μ-law companding, exponential companding (EC), piecewise companding (PC) in terms of PAPR reduction, BER performance and bandwidth efficiency.


This article introduces a newly developed ranking method of pinpointing strategic sites applied to and examined on the motorway network on Montreal Island. The calculation method makes use of insurance companies' probabilistic methods covering a number of risk factors ranging from traffic conditions to geometrical variables, which make it possible to have an overall vulnerability ranking among the road sections. The method introduced in this article can be one of the universally applicable tools of risk assessment for roads, though a lot of coordination and adjustment must be made of the various coefficients according to local conditions.


The state-of-the-art of the research work in extractive and process metallurgy in the last tenyears is summarized and reviewed, and the development trend of nonferrous metallurgy industry in thenear future is also discussed. The general development trend for nonferrous extractive metallurgy andprocess metallurgy is to produce high-quality metallic materials With excellent properties, by means ofoptimizing the current production process and creating novel technology. The fundamental study in thisfield will also focus on what mentioned above.KEY WORDS nonferrous metals; extractive metallurgy; state-of-the-art of research work;development trend


The Internet is democratizing the news media and the political system, so that it breaks the one-way mass communication model and it enhances a symmetrical and bidirectional model in which communication becomes universal and free. Especially decisive in this process are social networks, since they democratize information access and allow users to participate in the public sphere so that they cannot be conceived as passive information recipients anymore, but rather as content producers. Virtual communities bind together like-minded people and thus they have become key tools in organizing social movements, which find a new space in the cyberspace to inform, organize and act, allowing for a social and technological revolution. Within this context, the concept of cyberactivism, conceived as the set of digital technologies that allow faster communications among a great audience, helps create a digital democracy that enhances social and political participation through new technologies. This study will analyze how the positive use of social networks has allowed the boom of the political party Podemos in less than three months of existence, since the party gained five seats in the European Parliament, a record in the history of Spanish democracy.


ABSTRACT Pristine and iron (Fe) doped tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by using a microwave aided co-precipitation method and the effect of doping on structural, optical and photocatalytic belongings have been investigated by XRD, FTIR, HR-SEM with EDX mapping, UV-Vis. DRS and Photoluminescence (PL) spectra respectively. XRD analysis has revealed a tetragonal SnO2 structure and the typical crystalline size was found to be between 28 nm and 17 nm. Photoluminescence spectra displayed a robust UV emission broadband peaking around 392.5 nm. The 4 % of Fe doped SnO2 NPs had higher photocatalytic action associated with the pristine and 2 % of Fe-SnO2, and maximum MO dye degradation efficiency of 87.2 % has been attained 200 min under visible light Moreover, the studies prove that antibacterial activities of produced Fe doped SnO2 NPs have a momentous performance against various gram-positive (G+) and gram-negative (G-) bacteria.


To help students expand their vocabulary is one of the goals of Teaching Chinese as Foreign Language (hereinafter referred to as TCFL) reading class. However, some studies show that students' vocabulary learning in reading class is not ideal. This paper will analyze the problems of vocabulary teaching in TCFL from three aspects: the task and characteristics of vocabulary teaching, the existing problems and teaching methods.


Purpose: Dementia and altered cognitive function are highly prevalent among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI); hence, prevention is necessary before it develops into dementia. Treatment adherence—medication adherence and physical activity—is essential to prevent and delay dementia; however, comprehensive interventions to promote it in this population are lacking. This study aimed to develop a program for treatment adherence utilizing an Internet of things (IoT) device. Methods: The six-step mapping protocol was used to develop the IoT-based treatment adherence intervention (ITAI). The intervention was based on literature review, expert opinions, and input from older adults with MCI. Results: In Step 1, needs assessment was conducted to gain insights into health problems and their underlying determinants. In Steps 2 and 3, performance objectives were identified for behavior change and selected theoretical and evidence-based methods were linked to the intervention outcomes. In Step 4, the ITAI was designed with components and materials consistent with the identified change goals and methods, and specific intervention components developed. In Step 5, implementation plans and solutions to barriers to its application were identified. In Step 6, the plan to evaluate intervention effectiveness was outlined. Conclusion: The intervention mapping provided a systematic procedure for developing an ITAI for older adults with MCI and preparing a randomized controlled trial. Utilizing intervention mapping is useful as ITAI systematically processes treatment adherence for MCI using the IoT and is acceptable and valid. ITAI is expected to increase medication adherence and physical activity in older adults with MCI.


The presented method determines the electric potential distribution in a modeled human muscle excited by a current pulse source placed on its surface. The electric potential in the muscle volume is calculated while considering the anisotropic and dispersive properties of its conductivity and permittivity. The developed numerical procedure is based on solving the differential equation for the electric potential in the frequency domain, by implementing the Finite Differences Method (FDM). The current density is calculated in the frequency domain using the known values for the potential. The time shape of the current pulse in different locations within the muscle tissue is analyzed using the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The application of this method includes several fields of biomedical engineering: determination of the optimal magnitude and shape of the current pulses in Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS), optimization of electrode shape in Transthoracic Defibrillation of the Heart, and it can be appropriately modified for usage in simulating Electromyography (EMG). The developed method can be used in every case which involves injecting electrical current on the boundary of an imperfect, dispersive, anisotropic volume conductor.


High‐pressure research has undergone a considerable expansion in the past decade, particularly in the areas of physics, geophysics, and geochemistry, and in industrial chemistry. This expansion has been motivated in part by the successful industrial synthesis of diamond, in part by the increased emphasis on experiment in the earth sciences, and in large part by realization of the possibilities of performing experiments with interatomic distance as a prime variable.


Objective:To discuss the optimum extraction of total saponins of stems and leaves of Panax japonicus C.A.Mey.Method:Orthogonal test was employed for selecting the optimum extraction technology by the index of total saponins in water extraction.Result:The best technic conditions were as follows: extracting 2 times with 100min for each time;Extraction temperature was 80℃;the ratio of material and water was 1∶ 18;the peoportion of cellulose was 0.09%.Conclution:The selected technology is simple and fit for production.


Process for producing sponge iron particles and molten pig iron using lump iron ore directly, wherein the iron ore is reduced in a direct reduction means (2) to sponge iron particles, via the air classifier (7), the cooling gas separating the sponge iron particles into fine and coarse particles, fine particles are added to a melter gasifier (1).


Preface Modeling Approximate Equation Systems Towards Practical--Approximate--Macroeconomic Models A Practical--Approximate--Financial Planning Model Practical--Approximate --Portfolio Selection Models Extensions to Approximate Equations Modeling Conclusion Bibliography Index


In emerging countries like India, the government plans for mega-infrastructure projects for the development of the country. These projects involve construction of high-rise buildings and high-speed rail and road networks. These constructions require higher quantities of concrete, which is a combination of cement, fine and coarse aggregate. The manufacturing process of cement results in emission of CO2 , a pollutant which causes serious health hazards to living beings. The adverse effects are not only limited to posing threat to living beings, but also result in depletion of natural resources which are used as key ingredients in manufacturing cement. This mandates the need to search for cement replacing materials which maintain the same strength or improve the strength of conventional concrete. Red brick Dust is a highly siliceous waste material which is available near brick kilns or while dismantling buildings. Improper handling of red brick dust causes silicosis disease in human beings, when inhaled. Hence there is a need to dispose it off safely. It is reported by various researchers that red brick dust when used as an additive in concrete, improved the strength and durability aspects. Hence, in the present study, it is aimed to improve the compressive strength of conventional concrete by substituting cement partially with red brick dust in conventional concrete. The study has revealed that upon substituting cement with red brick dust, the compressive strength of conventional concrete is increased by about 13%. The present study reveals that red brick dust can be effectively used as a partial substitute to cement in conventional concrete thereby addressing the adverse effects of cement manufacturing and health hazards of improper disposal of red brick dust


Ketenimines R1R2CCNR3 were first reported in 1919, but the development of the chemistry of these compounds is of relatively recent origin. These heterocumulenes are becoming of increasing interest as a dehydrating agent for peptide syntheses, as a coreagent in dimethyl sulfoxide oxidations, and as a substrate in the synthesis of heterocycles by condensation with polar multiple bonds and dipolar systems. The cycloadditions are of special interest from the viewpoint of orbital symmetry considerations. Some unusual organometallic complexes of ketenimines have also been synthesized. Recently some triaryl ketenimines have been found to have insecticidal and miticidal activity. Polymeric ketenimines have been implicated as molecular precursors of life.


OBJECTIVE To summarize the characteristics of drug resistance of the pathogens causing nosocomial infections so as to put forword tarqeted for the use of antibiotics.METHODS The specimens of nosocomial infections were treated with the bacterial culture and drug sensitive test,and the types and resistance characteristics of the common drug resistant bacteria were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 426 drug-resistant strains were isolated.The most common spelies were Escherichia coli(9.62%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.81%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.34%),Streptococcus pneumoniae (6.10%),and Acinetobacter baumannii (4.93%).The resistance rate of E.coli (72.48%) was the highest,followed by S.epidermidis (67.53%),K.pneumoniae (60.92%).Among gram positive bacteria,S.aureus and S.pneumoniashowed higher resistance to erythromycin(61.11%,61.54% respectively);among gram-negative bacteria,E.coli,K.pneumonia,and A.baumannii showed higher resistance to ampicillin (26.83%,31.03%,61.54%,47.62%,respectively).CONCLUSION Much attention should be paid to the knowledge of nosocomial infections,at the same time,it is also important to monitor the characteristics of bacterial resistance,emphasize on drug susceptibility,and improve the rationality of use of antibiotics,and minimize the bacterial resistance.


The present work refers to the issue of the selection of providers for a logistics operator in charge of diagnostic programs for patients with suspected of rare diseases where the main challenge is the provision of a specialized and quality service for a population that is faces the difficulties to be diagnosed in a timely and correct manner. The document presents the relationship between the diagnosis of rare diseases and the execution of a logistics operation where patients, doctors and a supply chain integrated by providers of different characteristics that result not only in the process of taking samples, but also which in turn can solve the various difficulties that people who suspect these pathologies. Through this research the importance of the supplier selection processes in the diagnosis processes of rare diseases was determined, the main selection criteria for the development of the activities carried out by the logistics operator were identified and a selection method is proposed. of objective suppliers that allows the supplier to connect a logistics operation focused on the service.


Objective:To explore induced mechanism age macular degeneration for Vitamin A deficiency through determining free radicals of the aged mice ocular tissues, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the aged macular degeneration. Methods:The mice were randomly divided into the control group,the lacked of vitamin A group and the added vitamin A group, to feed each group with corresponding animal feeds for 50 days,and to determine the content of free radicals in organization of the eyeball. Results: The SOD, GSH-PX and CAT of the added vitamin A group were obviously higher than the lacked of vitamin A group and the control group, and the content of MDA was lower than the lacked of vitamin A group and the control group(P0.05).However,there was no significant statistical significance. Conclusion: The Aged macular degeneration have a certain relationship to vitamin A deficiency.


The invention discloses a die fastening taper key for a forging hammer. The die fastening taper key comprises a wedge I, a wedge II, a screw, butterfly-shaped gaskets and a nut, wherein the wedge I and the wedge II form a cuboid key body, an elliptic central hole is arranged at the center of the key body, the screw is installed inside the central hole, the left end of the screw is provided with a plurality of butterfly-shaped gaskets, the right end of the wedge II is provided with the nut, and the nut is in threaded connection with the right end of the screw. By adopting the technical scheme, the fastening taper key is very easy to put into and take out in die fastening, free adjustment can be performed in fastening, the die fastening taper key is large in adjusting range, simple in structure, easy to operate, good in fastening effect, safe and reliable, the service life of a fastening taper and the die is prolonged, and the economic benefit is remarkable.


The formation of gas hydrates in marine sediments changes their physical properties and hence influences fluid flow. Here, we review seismic indicators of gas hydrates and relate these indicators to gas hydrate formation and fluid migration. Analyses of seismic data from sediments containing gas and gas hydrates in a variety of locations have shown that the characteristic bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), which commonly marks the hydrate phase boundary is caused mainly by the presence of gas beneath the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). The amplitude of the BSR is also dependent on the hydrate concentration and on the porosity of the sediment. The presence of gas hydrate alters the elastic properties of sediments, particularly if it cements sediment grains. However, multifrequency studies in various geological provinces show that any loss of reflectivity or blanking observed within the GHSZ is dependent on both the nature of the sediments and concentration of hydrate present. Gas beneath the BSR may cause amplitude anomalies and may result in bright spots and enhanced reflections. The presence of gas beneath the BSR is the primary cause of observed amplitude versus offset (AVO) anomalies, but the amplitude of these anomalies is also dependent on the amount of cementation brought by the gas hydrates within the GHSZ.

Fluid migration appears to play an important role in the formation and dissociation of gas hydrates in both active and passive margin settings. Fluid migration in accretionary prisms influences hydrate accumulation and may therefore control the spatial distribution of BSRs. Fluid migration may influence also the type of hydrate formed by bringing thermogenic gas containing higher order hydrocarbons to the GHSZ from below. Fluid advection may cause local dissociation of gas hydrates by bringing heat from below, thus shifting the gas hydrate phase boundary. Fluid flow within the GHSZ is limited by the formation of hydrate in the pore space, which reduces the permeability of the sediment. Features such as pockmarks, acoustic masking and acoustic turbidity are indirect indicators of fluid flow and identification of these features in seismic sections within and beneath the GHSZ may also suggest the formation of gas hydrate.


Bulk crystallization of B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-BaO-MgO glass system was investigated. Controlled heat treatment process was carried out between 900 and 1200°C to form glass-ceramics. Phase evolution in the crystallized glasses was studied by X-ray diffraction. Microstructures of the chemically etched surfaces were revealed by scanning electron microscope and micro-hardness was measured by Vickers hardness tester. High aspect ratio of aluminium borate whiskers were in the nano to micro regime and dispersed within the residual glass matrix. Whiskers had different sizes and compositions depending on the heat treatment temperature, which affected the surface hardness of the glass-ceramics. In general, increasing heat treatment temperature led to an increase in crystal size and length as well as the surface hardness (4.8 to 5.5 GPa). The whisker crystals oriented uniformly within the residual glass matrix leading to interlocking microstructure. The synthesized glass-ceramics in this study can be applied as machinable materials in various industries because their microstructures can resist microcracking and hence increase fracture toughness.


This study investigates semantic constraints in reversible sentences and their relationship to sentence perception. In Expt. I, subjects were given anagrams of reversible sentences to solve, and any preferences for one version of the sentence over the other were taken to indicate the presence of semantic constraints in that sentence. In the second part of the experiment, subjects were presented with these sentences masked with white noise, and there was found to be a relationship between the semantic constraints and the ease of perceiving the sentences. Expts. II and III provide evidence that these constraints derive from a knowledge of the overall relationship expressed in the sentence rather than from the meanings of individual words. Previous experiments have failed to find any effect of semantic constraints in sentence perception; this discrepancy is explained in terms of the strategies subjects might have adopted in the various tasks.


Nowadays,we are facing with more and more emergencies.Emergency decision support system plays an important role in handling these events.Traditional model representation and management can't fulfill the demands of model operation and management.This paper raises a formal-entity model representation based on the idea of knowledge elements.We introduce the concepts of model knowledge element and business knowledge element and classify models as the format model and entity model.This method can combine with emergency knowledge and support the unified model management in emergency decision support system very well.


The impact of global climate change on communicable diseases is discussed briefly. The effect of global warming in Australia on the epidemiology of malaria, dengue fever, Australian encephalitis, Murray Valley encephalitis and Ross River virus disease is discussed. (non- author abstract)


The study of natural product biosynthesis is a growing and exciting field, but still very mysterious. Nicolaou, Baldwin and Trauner have provided insight into the biological synthesis of some structurally fascinating natural products. This article will discuss the application of successive, biomimetic electrocyclizations for the formation of polycyclic natural products. In addition, the less studied biomimetic formation of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes from acyclic precursors will be described. Woodward-Hoffmann rules are well known as an explanatory tool for describing the stereochemistry associated with cycloadditions and electrocyclizations. These rules open a window to understanding the biosynthetic processes that provide complex natural product architectures. 1 A remarkable example from nature is the endiandric acids, a series of natural products isolated in the early 1980's from an Australian plant. Endiandric acid A and D were isolated from one colony of Endiandra introrsa and endiandric acids B and C were isolated from a different colony of the same species. Black and co-workers were incited to propose a biosynthesis based on a common acyclic precursor and a cascade of non-enzymatic electrocyclizations and cycloadditions. 2 In a beautiful example of biomimetic synthesis, the Nicolaou group reported a total synthesis of the endiandric acids that supported Black's biosynthetic hypothesis (Scheme 1). 3


PURPOSE Geographical distance to access services and lack of decentralized diagnostic and treatment facilities have been identified as barriers to positive treatment outcomes among cancer patients in Sub-Saharan Africa who have to undergo financial and logistical challenges. Potential approaches to reducing this barrier include providing transport/travel allowance to patients from far flung regions, decentralizing cancer care services or providing patient housing close to cancer treatment facilities. METHODS The International Cancer Institute Child and Family Wellness Center was established in June 2020 as a half-way home for patients undergoing treatment at the ICI Cancer Care and Research Clinic (ICI_CRC). The center aims to provide safe accommodation for patients having challenges to travel to and from their homes for diagnostic work-up and treatment. RESULTS Between June 2020 and October 2021, a total of 101 admissions were made to the ICI Child and Family Wellness Center, of these 76% were female while 24% were male patients. A majority of the patients were first time admissions while 22% of them were admitted more than once; 69% of them were accompanied by a caregiver. The longest duration of stay was 18 days while the shortest was 1 day depending on the reason for admission; the most common being treatment sessions ending late in the day or treatment sessions taking more than one day. The patients admitted were drawn from 15 different counties in Kenya. CONCLUSION Physical inaccessibility to cancer care services in SSA greatly affects patient compliance with treatment and follow-up. Patients who live far from specialist care hospitals are more likely to have an advanced disease at diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, a worse prognosis and poorer quality of life compared to those living closer to hospitals. In addition to decentralization of cancer care, provision of accommodation for cancer patients close to hospitals can greatly improve compliance to treatment resulting in positive treatment outcomes.


Construction or civil works impacts and operating impacts such as Flow artificialisation, water level raise and tidal range, obstacle to the Free circulation of aquatic fauna, Flow uneveness.


The propagation of a wave crossing a succession of unidirectional screens, one rotating at the same angle with respect to the other, is studied. To treat the problem analytically in a simple mauner, a medium with anisotropic conductivity and isotropic permeability is considered. (J.S.R.)


In this article I argue that, in spite of significant control of the 'Awakening' sequence of the Sydney 2000 Olympics Opening Ceremony by Australian Indigenous artists Stephen Page and Rhoda Roberts, the overall effect of this event and of the Closing Ceremony was that of a palimpsest, in which the Indigenous presence was written over by non-Indigenous narratives of a newly 'reconciled' nation. In this way, the pre-Mabo narrative of Australian history, which begins with the arrival and 'settlement' by Europeans, was reinscribed.


Background: Sepsis caused by infection remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity among children.  Blood culture though gold standard requires lot of time for diagnosis, hence it's necessary to rely on early diagnostic markers such as blood counts, micro-ESR, CRP, Procalcitonin. The objective of this study is to evaluate the serum levels of CRP, Procalcitonin as reliable and as early marker of sepsis in pediatric patients above neonatal age group.Methods: Children aged above neonatal age group with clinically suspected sepsis as per the definition given by the International Paediatric sepsis Consensus Conference were selected. Patients were classified as those with sirs, sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock. Patients were divided into two groups one with culture proven sepsis and the other with non-culture proven sepsis. All patients had CRP, Procalcitonin levels measured at admission and 24hrs after admission. The primary outcome was to determine reliable marker in differentiating between the culture proven and non-culture proven sepsis, and to determine the early marker of sepsis.Results: Total 104 patients formed the study group, of which 42 belonged to SIRS group, 26 were sepsis, 19 were severe sepsis and 17 were septic shock. A total of 36 cases had culture positive. In present study PCT was found to be more reliable marker of sepsis as the sensitivity and specificity of PCT was more than CRP and AUC for PCT was significantly higher than CRP. PCT was found to be early marker as the AUC for CRP at 24hrs was significantly more than AUC for CRP at admission and there was no statistically significant difference between AUC for PCT at admission and 24 hours after admission.Conclusions: Both CRP and PCT levels have favourable test performance but PCT is more reliable. PCT is earlier to rise compared to CRP.


. We find the intervals [ α,β ( α )] such that if a univariate real polynomial or entire function f ( z ) = a 0 + a 1 z + a 2 z 2 + ··· with positive coefficients satisfy the conditions a 2 k − 1 a k − 2 a k ∈ [ α,β ( α )] for all k ≥ 2 , then f belongs to the Laguerre–P´olya class. For instance, from J.I. Hutchinson's theorem, one can observe that f belongs to the Laguerre–P´olya class (has only real zeros) when q k ( f ) ∈ [4 , + ∞ ) . We are interested in finding those intervals which are not subsets of [4 , + ∞ ) .


The FLT4 gene encodes two isoforms of a tyrosine kinase receptor, which belongs to the family of receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor. As the result of an alternative processing of primary mRNA transcripts, the long isoform differs from the short isoform by an additional stretch of 65 amino acid residues located at the C terminus and containing three tyrosine residues, Tyr1333, Tyr1337, and Tyr1363. Only the long isoform is endowed with a transforming capacity in fibroblasts. We show that this activity is related to the capacity of the tyrosine 1337-containing sequence to interact with the phosphotyrosine binding domain of the SHC protein. This demonstrates that a functional property of this newly described domain includes relay of mitogenic signals. In addition, it shows that the same receptor can mediate different functions through the optional binding of the phosphotyrosine binding domain and that the alternative use of this domain is sufficient to direct the signal toward different pathways.


In September 2014 an unusually long‐lasting (≳10 days) ultra‐relativistic electron flux depletion occurred in the outer radiation belt despite ongoing solar wind forcing. We simulate this period using a ULF wave radial diffusion model, driven by observed ULF wave power coupled to flux variations at the outer boundary at L* = 5, including empirical electron loss models due to chorus and hiss wave scattering. Our results show that unexplained rapid main phase loss, that depletes the belt within hours, is essential to explain the observations. Such ultra‐relativistic electron extinction decouples the prestorm and poststorm fluxes, revealing the subsequent belt dynamics to be surprisingly independent of prestorm flux. However, once this extinction is included, ULF wave transport and coupling to the outer boundary explain the extended depletion event and also the eventual flux recovery. Neither local acceleration nor ongoing losses from hiss or chorus wave scattering to the atmosphere are required.


To make effective fault diagnosis of grounding grid , a new method using Self-Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (SAPSO) is proposed. Firstly, the grounding grid can be handled as a resistive network to establish fault diagnosis equations. Then the objective function based on minimum energy principle is added to lower the ill-condition of diagnostic equation. Next, according to optimization techniques, a new method of SAPSO is proposed to solve the corrosion diagnosis equations. The method takes advantage of the high global searching ability of SAPSO to obtain the optimal solution to the diagnosis model. By means of the analysis of the simulation, the correctness and reliability of the method have been verified.


Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on chronic uveitis in Korean patients. Methods: This study included 25 patients with chronic uveitis who used MMF and were followed up more than 6 months in 2 referral centers from 2010 to 2014. The medical records were analyzed retrospectively. The therapeutic effect was assessed based on control of inflammation, corticosteroid sparing effects, and discontinuation of MMF, and the safety was assessed based on side effects. Control of inflammation was defined as no active inflammation observed on at least 2 consecutive visits 28 days apart or more. Results: The 25 patients consisted of 18 males and 7 females. The mean age of the patients was 47.52 years. The etiology of uveitis was as follows: Behcet's disease in 15 patients (60%), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in 4 (16%), sympathetic ophthalmia in 2 (8%), systemic lupus erythematosus in 1 (4%), and idiopathic uveitis in 3 (12%). Anatomic classification was anterior uveitis in 20% and posterior uveitis or panuveitis in 80% of patients. Complete control of inflammation was achieved in 44% and 50% of patients within 6 months and 1 year, respectively. Systemic corticosteroid dosage was reduced to 10 mg of prednisone or less while maintaining sustained control of inflammation in 36% and 45% of patients for 6 months and 1 year, respectively. MMF was discontinued in 3 patients (12%) due to side effects and in 2 patients (8%) due to lack of effectiveness. Conclusions: MMF was effective and side effects were uncommon when managing chronic uveitis in Korean patients. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57(2):283-289


Immunology
Although most immunological B cells promote immune responses, some B cells secrete the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) and have immunosuppressive properties. Kim et al. found that these B cells inhibited the activation of mast cells, immune cells that are critical regulators of allergic reactions. Mice lacking these special B cells had more severe symptoms of anaphylaxis. Mast cell inhibition required physical contact with the B cells, which stimulated the B cells to produce more IL-10. Thus, IL-10–producing B cells might provide a therapeutic target for treating allergic diseases.

Sci. Signal. 8 , ra28 (2015).


Automatic chopper gun trajectory generation for spray forming is highly desirable for today's automotive manufacturing. Generating chopper gun trajectories for free‐form surfaces to satisfy thickness requirements is still highly challenging due to the complex geometry of free‐form surfaces. A CAD‐guided chopper gun trajectory generation system for free‐form surfaces has been developed in our previous work. A complex surface has to be divided into several patches to satisfy the given constraints. Optimization algorithms are developed to integrate the trajectories of patches to form a trajectory for the free‐form surface. A thickness verification method is also provided to verify the generated trajectories. The results of experiments and simulations have shown that the trajectory generation system achieves satisfactory performance. This trajectory generation method can also be applied in many other CAD‐guided robot trajectory planning applications.


The objective of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of a chickpea husk polyphenol extract (CPE) obtained from Argentinian Kabuli chickpea and to evaluate its antioxidant effect on the chemical quality of sunflower oil. The polyphenol composition of CPE was analyzed by HPLC–ESI‐MS/MS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH•, FRAP, ABTS•+, and chelating activity in ferrous ion tests. An accelerated oxidation test in sunflower oil was carried out by applying 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05% p/p CPE and comparing it with BHT (0.02%). Peroxide value, conjugated dienes, and volatile compounds were determined on sunflower oil samples. Twelve polyphenols were identified in the chickpea extract. The CPE showed in vitro antioxidant activity. The lowest doses (0.01% and 0.02%) protected sunflower oil more efficiently against oxidative deterioration than the higher level (0.05%). Chickpea husk extract has a good antioxidant effect on sunflower oil, which helps to preserve the quality properties of this product.


The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of instructional and motivational self-talk on the performance of a sit-up task. Previous research has found a lack of performance differences between these two self-talk groups and a control group. Motivational interpretations of self-talk and self-efficacy are two mechanisms that may account for this result and so these two mechanisms were assessed in the present study. Forty-four undergraduates completed a modified crunch test on three occasions. Inspection of the manipulation check surveys revealed that a priori treatment groups were not obtained. Thus, the original experimental design was not possible. Subsequent post-hoc correlational analyses indicated that both self-talk dimensions were positively related to self-efficacy, self-efficacy was positively associated with performance, but neither self-talk dimension was related to performance. The implications of these results for experimenters and practitioners were discussed.


Hayes, Bruce, Bruce Tesar & Kie Zuraw. 2003. OTSoft 2.3, software package. http://www. linguistics.ucla.edu/people/hayes/otsoft (22 March 2009). McMahon, April. 2000. Change, chance, and optimality. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Prince, Alan S. 2002a. Arguing optimality. University of Massachusetts Occasional Papers in Linguistics 26, 269–304. Prince, Alan S. 2002b. Entailed ranking arguments. Ms., Rutgers University. [ROA 500.] Prince, Alan S. & Paul Smolensky. 1993. Optimality Theory: Constraint interaction in generative grammar (Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science Technical Report 2). Piscataway, NJ: Center for Cognitive Science, Rutgers University. [Report is available at http://roa.rutgers.edu/ view.php3?roa=537. Revised version published by Blackwell, Oxford, 2004].


Aim To explore a pharmaceutical ward round model suitable for clinical pharmacists in gastroenterology department.Methods The pharmaceutical ward round model in gastroenterology department was summarized and improved based on clinical practice.Results Pharmaceutical ward round is an important part of pharmaceutical care to clinical pharmacists in gastroenterology department.Conclusion It's necessary to establish a standard pharmaceutical ward round model in gastroenterology department.


Cancer diagnosis includes diagnosis and treatment processes which lead to psychosocial difficulties for patients and their spouses. In the period after cancer, patients' levels of exposure in physical, psychological and social dimensions and the problems experienced decrease quality of life. A great number of studies in related literature emphasize the significance of spouses' support in adapting to the disease and the treatment for patients diagnosed with cancer. It has been stated that the support given to patients by spouses have both positive and negative effects and that this difference is associated with the quality of support received and the perceptions of the patients. It is known that perceived stress against cancer decreases in couples who have a high compatibility and couples who cannot receive sufficient counselling for problems experienced during the treatment process of cancer cannot cope with this process effectively and they are faced with the decision to get a divorce. Health professionals working in the field have recommended interventions aiming to develop constructive communication in couples during the cancer process. At this point, the priority and significance of giving counselling services for possible psychosocial problems of spouses in addition to women diagnosed with cancer is very obvious. Although there are no routine psychosocial interventions to support the psychosocial adaptation of cancer patients in our country, studies to be conducted to support the spousal relations of surviving individuals will make great contributions in forming the content of counselling services to be given. It is aimed to reveal the change in the marital relationships of individuals diagnosed with cancer who are affected by the diagnosis and treatment processes of the disease.


Sorption of a range of permanent cations, bases and zwitterionic compounds was measured as a function of pH in two soil types. Pyridinium cations were more strongly sorbed (K(d) 10- > 1000) than aliphatic cations (K(d) 6. However, an additional mechanism of sorption was observed for those zwitterions capable of chelation (e.g. picolinic acid and alanine) which gave rise to high K(d) values at pH values near neutral. Inorganic phosphate was strongly sorbed (K(d) > 140) save at very low pH. Glyphosate and inorganic phosphate were sorbed very strongly at pH values near to 4 (K(d) > 200). The very strong sorption was attributed to ligand exchange interaction. Sorption of picolinic acid was similar when measured in water or calcium chloride solution (0.01 M). However, sorption decreased with increasing concentration of calcium chloride up to 1 M, probably because the protonated form of picolinic acid was displaced by calcium ions.


The soil erosion is the result from the natural factor and artificial factor.The artificial factor is the key factor.In Hainan Islands,increment of afforestation area,making the soil erosion area got control,is 54 700 hm2 in recent years.However,in Hainan Islands,the tree kind used for afforestation is simple,the age of forest is short,and the efficiency of forest keeping water,soil and sand in the ecosystem is lower.It is the key to set up forest to conservate water and soil,to strengthen ecological function of woods and to raise the efficieny of the water and soil conservation based scientific research.


Whether elevated (cid:1) -secretase (BACE) activity is related to plaque formation or amyloid (cid:1) peptide (A (cid:1) ) production in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains remains inconclusive. Here, we report that we used sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay to quantitate various A (cid:1) species in the frontal cortex of AD brains homogenized in 70% formic acid. We found that most of the A (cid:1) species detected in rapidly autopsied brains ( < 3 h) with sporadic AD were A (cid:1) 1-x and A (cid:1) 1–42 ,aswellasA (cid:1) x-42 .ToestablishalinkagebetweenA (cid:1) levelsand BACE, we examined BACE protein, mRNA expression and enzymatic activity in the same brain region of AD brains. We found that both BACE mRNA and protein expression is elevated in vivo in the frontal cortex. The elevation of BACE enzymatic activity in AD is correlated with brain A (cid:1) 1-x and A (cid:1) 1–42 production. To examine whether BACE elevation was due to mutations in the BACE-coding region, we sequenced the entire ORF region of the BACE gene in these same AD andnondementedpatientsandperformedallelicassociationanalysis. We found no mutations in the ORF of the BACE gene. Moreover, we found few changes of BACE protein and mRNA levels in Swedish mutated amyloid precursor protein-transfected cells. These findings demonstrate correlation between A (cid:1) loads and BACE elevation and also suggest that as a consequence, BACE elevation may lead to increased A (cid:1) production and enhanced deposition of amyloid plaques in sporadic AD patients.


The main constructive methods for improving the process of settling suspended solids and separating sediment in horizontal settling tanks are considered. Methods for calculating these structures are analyzed both in general terms and for individual characteristic (supply, settling and drain) areas of wastewater flow. Those constructive proposals that can more significantly improve the efficiency of horizontal settling tanks are noted. The proposed modification relates to the part built into the thin-layer sedimentation tank - the flocculator, which ensures the most uniform and laminar flow in the structure.


Death of a Salesman is Arthur Miller's most famous tragedy and caused great repercussions in the East-West literary.Aristotle is an outstanding representative of the early Western literary theory, and his Poetics epitomizes his theory of tragedy and marked the beginning of western tragedy theory. Based on Aristotle's part theory of tragedy, a detailed analysis is made on the tragedy of Death of a Salesman.


Substance abuse has crossed social, economic and geographic borders and presents significant problem that is facing society today. The prevalence of cocaine abuse in young adults (including women) is markedly increased over the past two decades. Approximately ninety percent of cocaine-abusing women are of childbearing age. Thus, it is not surprising to find pregnant women who abuse this drug. During the early months of pregnancy, cocaine abuse may increase the risk of miscarriage. When the drug is used late in pregnancy, it triggers premature labor and may cause an unborn baby to die or to have a stroke, which can result in irreversible brain damage.1 Thus, prenatal cocaine exposure may affect infant development.2


Abstract : Since 1985, the USACE has used the Department of the Army (DA) facilities Standardization Program to implement a comprehensive design standardization program. Thus far, the program has met many of its objectives: it has ensured consistent quality, appearance, and functional productivity of standardized facilities and has simplified and reduced the time needed to plan, program, design, and construct new facilities. However, the program can be even more effective by taking advantage of opportunities to reduce the life-cycle cost of standard facilities during design and construction.


In the preface to Earnest A. Hooton's The Ancient Inhabitants of the Canary Islands, the book which established Hooton's career in the field of physical anthropology, Hooton explains how Alexander Baillon, a British resident of Tenerife, helped him to locate Guanche burial caves in the south of the island. Hooton also explains that the skeletal remains taken from the caves were prohibited from being sent from Tenerife to the United States by the Spanish government. Nonetheless, the Guanche relics did reach the Peabody Museum of Harvard University after Hooton returned to the United States from his expedition to Tenerife. The explanation of how the Guanche relics reached the Peabody Museum is revealed in an excerpt from the unpublished memoirs of the late Alexander Baillon (1880-1963). The memoirs, which were uncovered during a recent research expedition to Tenerife, indicate that Baillon was solely responsible for removing the Guanche relics from Tenerife and for sending them to the Peabody Museum. Earnest Albert Hooton (1887-1954) was the most important man in the history of physical anthropology in the United States. Although others may lay claim to more significant contributions to the advancement of knowledge in physical anthropology, and some may dispute the validity of some of the theoretical implications drawn by Hooton from his research, none will argue the fact that Hooton was the person most responsible for the growth of physical anthropology in the United States. His influence was felt through his teaching and his writing, especially his teaching. Almost every significant contributor to the field of physical anthropology in the United States today either studied with Hooton or studied with one of Hooton's students. Hooton, who received his Ph.D. in clas


Purpose: The present study has adopted a case study approach to gain insight into the phenomenon of persistent success in business organisations from the perspective of leaders who have achieved it and proposes a new model of resilient leadership.

Design/Methodology/Approach:  Three case studies were conducted, providing an in-depth analysis of the factors contributing to SME owners' leadership orientation across diverse industries. The data analysis was conducted using a two-stage approach. First, by using thematic analysis, eight themes were identified. Second, expert reviews were consulted to obtain feedback on these eight themes, and subsequent modifications were made.

Findings:  The importance of leadership effectiveness extends beyond the operational functioning of a business, encompassing the crucial task of maintaining employee morale amidst grievances and volatile economic and social conditions. These leaders promptly demonstrated responsiveness and adaptability to the prevailing economic situation. A model of resilient leadership has been proposed, comprising six dimensions that include adaptability, emotional intelligence, vision, spiritual intelligence, a growth mindset, and an internal ecosystem.

Research implication:  The novelty of this newly proposed leadership model primarily lies in its application within the Malaysian context, as many of the previous leadership theories have been developed in a western context, and some of the elements might not be relevant to an eastern culture.

Practical implication: The newly proposed model could be embedded into the entreperenerial development in Malaysia and also be extended to other neighbouring countries that share similar cultures.

Originality/Value: Research on leadership is vast, with the majority of it conducted quantitatively. Thus, conducting a leadership study through qualitative analysis poses different insights and implications than the existing literature.


The Chinese border area history studies well-established,prolonged does not fade. This article tries to realize from Yao Ying's thought and practice border suffering,understand the sentiment,resist the foreign aggression,make plans and firmly guards the frontier regions,know foreign the matter,plan foreign the sentiment and make foreign extensive gallery aspect and so on. World history judgment makes discussion to Yaoying about borderland history and geography studies.