The introduction of technologies of digitalization of the economy, allowing the state, business and society to interacteffectively, is becoming an increasingly large-scale and dynamic process. The purpose of the study is to analyze thecurrent state of implementation of digital transformation in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. During the yearsof independence, we have managed to become one of the 50 most competitive countries in the world. Digitalization isnecessary to improve the competitiveness of enterprises and the country as a whole, as well as to improve the quality of lifeof the population. The digitalization program is a great journey, not a project with some ending, it will live for many yearsand constantly improve. At present, global economic growth will depend on the quality of market institutions, productivityand capital growth through continued investment and the use of intellectual capacity, combined with modern informationand digital technologies, and healthy and growing competition. The results of the study ‒ analyzed the totality of all factorsaffecting the development of the digital economy, identified the main trends and shows the current state of the digitaleconomy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To promote the growth of the digital economy, measures of economic policyshould be aimed at encouraging investment in productive capital and the stimulation of innovation through increasedsupport of research and development, the introduction of tax incentives and subsidies, increasing productivity growth byimproving the quality of education. The research methodology is focused on the use of a complex research method, methodsof statistical, comparative, logical-structural and factor analysis are also used. Now there is a task to enter the number 30,which requires new innovative development and accelerated technological renewal from Kazakhstan. Scientific resultswill contribute to the development of the digital economy, focused on improving efficiency and competitiveness. This willimprove the business and innovation climate in the Republic of Kazakhstan.


Effective coolant application is essential to prevent thermo-mechanical failures of gun drills. This paper presents a novel study that enhances coolant effectiveness in evacuating chips from the cutting zone using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. Drag coefficients and transport behaviour over a wide range of Reynold numbers were first established through a series of vertical drop tests. With these, a CFD model was then developed and calibrated with a set of horizontal drilling tests. Using this CFD model, critical drill geometries that lead to poor chip evacuation including the nose grind contour, coolant hole configuration and shoulder dub-off angle in commercial gun drills are identified. From this study, a new design that consists a 20° inner edge, 15° outer edge, 0° shoulder dub-off and kidney-shaped coolant channel is proposed and experimentally proven to be more superior than all other commercial designs.


have been used with success in electromagnetic theory to describe materials of high, but imperfect conductivity [1; 2; 3 ]. The parameter X can be chosen to accurately reproduce the phenomenology at the conductor's surface; other choices of X lead to a boundary condition which can describe reactive surfaces that support slow waves or surface waves [4; 5; 6]. The utility of the boundary condition (1) to model the physics at complex interfaces has led to an investigation [7] of another boundary condition with more parameters


This thesis is based on work done 1991-1996 using the DELPHI detector at LEP, and is summarized in four articles. It consists of four main parts.

The first part describes the Very Small Angle Tagger (VSAT) and Small angle TIle Calorimeter (STIC), which are sub-detectors of DELPHI. The VSAT consists of four silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter modules, having silicon strip planes for accurate position determination of the shower maximum. The modules are placed at +-7.7 m from the DELPHI interaction point, two at each side, allowing detections of electrons and positrons in a polar angular range of 5 to 7 mrad. The STIC consists of two cylindrical electromagnetic calorimeters having scintillating tiles interspaced with lead absorbers, and is read out by optical fibers running orthogonal to the active planes. It is positioned 2.2 m from the interaction point and covers an angular region of 29 to 185 mrad in polar angle.

The second part describes the structure of the DELPHI data base, and how this was implemented for the VSAT detector. An automatic on-line calibration data base updating procedure that was set up in 1991 in order to prepare for off-line analysis and luminosity calculations.

The third part gives an introduction to the DELPHI slow controls system. This is a very complex system as a whole, and the implementation for VSAT showed need for detector specific software adapted to the custom built hardware. As an example on how the system can be used in tracing problems and their origins, there is a section on the radiation damage sustained to two of the VSAT modules in September 1995. There is also a description on how the Small Angle Tagger (SAT) slow controls system was adopted to the STIC detector in early 1994 when the STIC was installed replacing the SAT as the main DELPHI luminosity monitor.

The forth and final part is about two-photon physics at DELPHI, with emphasis on a VSAT double-tagged event analysis. Here is shown the feasibility of looking for double-tagged events where the scattered particles are tagged in very small angles. The cross section for such events is very small, but the findings of data is consistent with Monte Carlo predictions using a combination of VDM+QPM+(QCD-RPC) models, and demonstrates the feasibility of making such investigations with future DELPHI datataking.


only Prevention is better than cure: Early-season intervention to control whitefly on poinsettia Michael Brownbridge, Rose Buitenhuis, Taro Saito, Angela Brommit, Paul Côté and Graeme Murphy .............................................................................. 23-28 Abstract: Historically, poinsettia cuttings shipped into Ontario from offshore production facilities have carried very low levels of immature Bemisia whiteflies. These have been successfully controlled by preventative releases of parasitoids (Encarsia formosa, Eretmocerus mundus). In 2012 though, cuttings arrived into Ontario carrying large numbers of Bemisia eggs and nymphs. Parasitoid releases proceeded as normal but failed to regulate whitefly populations; multiple pesticide treatments were required to provide effective control. Endemic whitefly resistance (owing to heavy pesticide use in production facilities) means that insecticides registered in Canada frequently have reduced efficacy. Furthermore, pesticide residues on imported material can have a detrimental effect on parasitoid survival and performance. To ensure greater sustainability in poinsettia production, new methods of control are required to mitigate incoming pests on cuttings and ensure that biological control systems can be maintained through the crop production cycle. Several reduced-risk products, biopesticides and combination treatments, applied to infested cuttings by dipping immediately prior to sticking, were therefore evaluated to determine their relative efficacy against whitefly, ensure compatibility with parasitoids and to assess possible phytotoxic effects. A combination of insecticidal soap and Beauveria bassiana (BotaniGard ® WP; BioWorks Inc., Victor, NY) was the most effective treatment tested; phytotoxic effects were minimal (some variation across cultivars) and survival of Encarsia and Eretmocerus was not affected following release onto treated leaves. The project has allowed effective treatments to be identified that can be readily implemented on a commercial scale. Considerations and combinations to improve control of pupating western flower thrips in chrysanthemums Michael Brownbridge, Taro Saito, Paul Côté .......................................................... 29-35 Abstract: Western flower thrips (WFT) are a major impediment in greenhouse floriculture. They are pests of global significance, resistant to many conventional insecticides and in Canada today, there is only one registered product that will successfully control this insect. Biological control is the only viable option available to Canadian growers. The thrips life cycle provides two distinct environments and life stages that can be targeted with different natural enemies. Nematodes, primarily Steinernema feltiae (e.g., Nemasys ® ), applied as a drench treatment, are widely used against soil-dwelling stages (pro-pupae and pupae). Metarhizium brunneum (formerly anisopliae; Met52 ® granular biopesticide) is registered for thrips control in Canada. The fungus is incorporated into potting media and will infect and kill thrips entering the soil to pupate. The purpose of the current trial was to define efficient use practices for these biocontrol agents and confirm their compatibility. We investigated effects of plant growth stage on nematode deposition onto the soil, nematode-Met52compatibility, and the relative efficacy of individual and combined, i.e. Nemasys + Met52, treatments against WFT. As chrysanthemums grew and the density of the plant canopy increased, fewer nematodes reached the soil after each spray which may affect efficacy. Overall, Met52 appears to be compatible with S. feltiae. Individual nematode and fungus treatments had a measurable suppressive effect on thrips, but the combined nematode/fungus treatment provided superior control. WFT populations were consistently lower on plants receiving the combined treatment; at the conclusion of the trial (8 weeks) < 10 WFT/pot were recovered. Opportunities therefore exist to enhance the reliability and costeffectiveness of thrips biocontrol agents by taking an integrated approach to their deployment. Systems approach: integrating IPM in the production system Rose Buitenhuis ..................................................................................................... 37-43 Abstract: We have been doing a lot of research to optimize biocontrol and to convince growers that biocontrol is the way to go, but good pest control is still hit or miss because we still concentrate too much on the individual components instead of on the whole picture. Using the systems approach, I think we can build more robust IPM programs and identify areas of weakness that have to be addressed by research or innovation. Biological control using predatory mites in low and fluctuating temperatures Samuel Critchley, Nathan Medd, Richard GreatRex, Lina Zaghloul ........................ 45-48 Abstract: Improvements in cropping technology and the development of novel crop varieties allow growers to cultivate horticultural crops throughout a larger proportion of the calendar year. Some crops are now approaching all year round cropping where this was never possible before. Crops grown throughout the winter in passive greenhouses represent a particular challenge for the implementation of biological control. In this study we focused on improving biological control programmes in the southern Spanish region of Almeria. Using greenhouse climate data we were able to construct a model temperature profile representative of an 'average day' for various periods of the winter. In these conditions we analysed possible barriers to the successful implementation of predatory mites as biological control agents for Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) and Whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci). We show that the formulation of products is a key aspect in improving the control of these pests. IPM programme design and implementation strategies are discussed in-light of these findings and the wider relevance of the study is identified. Efficacy of control products against Bemisia tabaci Q biotype Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson ..................................................................................... 49-54 Abstract: Bemisia tabaci continues to be a major pest of economically important crops worldwide. Within the UK B. tabaci remains a notifiable pest subject to a policy of eradication if found on propagators premises, plants moving in trade, and containment/eradication if outbreaks occur at nurseries. A range of chemical products and entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) were screened for their efficacy using the leaf dip technique against three life stages of B. tabaci Q biotype; eggs, second instar larvae and adults. There was a significant difference in the mortality of eggs after leaf dipping with the different active ingredients. Exposure to Tri-Tek, SB-Plant Invigorator, Gazelle, Dynamec and Certis Spraying Oil was followed by egg mortalities of 100, 96.6, 88.8, 84.1 and 67.8% respectively. Efficacy of the products against the second larval instar stage also produced promising results. The fungus B. bassiana produced the highest mortality of all the products against B. tabaci instars (73%). The control given by Agri 50-E, Tri-Tek and SB-Plant Invigorator (all physically acting products) was also over 70%. Beauveria bassiana and Tri-Tek gave excellent control of adult B. tabaci with total mortality being obtained. New insights in aphid control using parasitoids Nicolas Dassonville, Thierry Thielemans and Virginie Gosset ..................................... 55


The economic and financial crisis that swept through the Asia-Pacific region in 1997–98 hit East and Southeast Asian countries the hardest, particularly those that had been lauded as newly emerging "tigers". Labelled "the Asian crisis", it was a wake-up call to regional governments that impressive economic growth alone does not create "modern and mature" states and societies. The quality of institutions and governance is also crucial. With much of the trade liberalization agendas of ASEAN and APEC thrown into disarray after the Asian crisis, regional leaders began searching for new forms of regional governance. Discussions turned to the merit of "East Asian" regional groupings and "governance" strategies. While many of the latter were born of the need for monetary coordination and macro-economic policies (for example, ASEAN's regional surveillance process), they are in effect multi-level regional governance mechanisms that link national and international actors around increasingly harmonized standards for corporate governance and transparency, among others. Still, implementation of regional activities and adherence to regional objectives tend to be defined by the interplay of domestic interests and structures. Kanishka Jayasuriya conceived the notion of gathering academic insights on the challenges of recovering from the crisis and prospects for the new forms of regional governance emerging in the wake of the crisis. Intended originally as an input for the 2001 APEC leaders' summit, academics in the field contributed their perspectives at a workshop in January 2002. These were compiled as a resource for policymakers and scholars seeking "to understand the emerging dynamics of regionalism in AsiaPacific". The main thrust of this compendium, first published in 2004, offers a critical look at the theory and practice of regionalism, and how to make the process applicable in the twenty-first century. A decade after the 1997–98 crisis, a sense of déjà vu pervades an Asia-Pacific region weary from the impact of the still unravelling debacle of the credit crisis in the United States that led to a worldwide economic downturn. Many issues and lessons of the Asian crisis remain relevant today: the impact of globalization; emerging regional security challenges; monetary cooperation; issues of sovereignty; democratization and reforms; regional developmental policies; and the respective roles of the United States and China in Southeast Asia. Within the context of the move towards what the editor terms "regulatory regionalism", the authors examine the Asia-Pacific region's move towards regional integration as "regional governance projects" that are rooted in domestic


MNDO calculations have been performed on the energy surfaces of four nitrogen-containing radical cations: [CH3N]˙+, [CH5N]˙+, [N2H4]˙+, and [N2H2]˙+. In general, the calculated structures and relative energies compare well with ab initio calculations and experiment (when available). The MNDO method overestimates the stabilities of non-classical isomers and consequently underestimates the energy barriers of 1,2-hydrogen shifts connecting both classical and non-classical species. The energy barriers for the loss of H atoms from X atoms (H–X–N–) are overestimated while those from N atoms (–X–N–H) are underestimated. Specific fragmentations or isomerization within each radical cation are also commented on. The results on the whole suggest that MNDO is a suitable method in this area.


Coriander (Coriandrum sativam L.) is one of the most important spice crops in India. The major constraints for low productivity are several biotic stresses viz., powdery mildew, root rot, termite and other sucking pests. Among them powdery mildew is an important disease. The powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe polygoni DC is one of the most destructive diseases of coriander causing severe losses in yield India is the leading country in the world for the production and consumption of seed spices and is recognized as a land of spices. The experiment was conducted during rabi 2003 with fifteen cultivars none were free from powdery mildew, the least intensity of the diseases was recorded in Jawahar Dhania-1 (20.83%) followed by CS-6 (21.67%), CO-2 (24.32%), UD-375 (24.81%) and G-5365 (25.56%). While the maximum intensity of the disease was recorded in CS-7 (56.56%) and it was significantly inferior over all other fourteen tested varieties.


: This article examines the implementation of ethnomathematics in mathematics instruction at elementary school level. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation process of mathematics instruction that the instructional materials are taken from the local cultural values that is called ethnomathematics. This research is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach that aims at obtaining information regarding the implementation of ethnomathematics. The methods of data collection used in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. Methods of analyzing data include data reduction, presentation, verification, and conclution. The result shows that mathematics teachers at the IV, V, and VI grade applied ethnomathematics in learning mathematics, although the lesson plan did not contain the ethnomathematics contents. Application of ethnomathematics was used as a means to motivate and stimulate the students to overcome boredom and give a new situation to the learning of mathematics.


We demonstrate that, after correcting for the effects of size, the wing lengths, wing widths and thoracic weights of the forest damselfly Calopteryx maculata differ between populations along forested streams, and those along streams through pasture. Pasture landscapes can be considered as fragmented forest landscapes; forest landscapes are continuous. In the fragmented landscapes some C. maculata fly across intervening pasture to reach foraging sites in forest. We propose that there is morphological plasticity within the species that is revealed through the landscape process of habitat fragmentation and that there is micro-scale selection within the fragmented landscapes for individuals that are better suited to make these flights


Abstract Although only a few harvesting systems today intentionally remove bark prior to transporting logs to the mill, little is known about how much bark is lost during harvesting operations at different times of the year. Depending on where you are located in the forest to mill supply chain, the presence or absence of bark can be seen as a cost or a benefit. Understanding the magnitude of bark loss and the factors that affect it should lead to minimization of the costs and maximization of the benefits. Quantification of seasonal bark loss (expressed as a percentage of the surface area of the stem) for two commercial tree species was conducted monthly over a 10-month period. All assessments were carried out on Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine harvesting operations that were using mechanized processor heads with chains over rubber feed wheels. Over 400 stems were assessed. There was a substantial (up to five times) increase in bark loss during late spring and early summer compared with the winter season. We were also able to show that the amount of bark loss is species dependent, with Douglas-fir incurring more than twice the bark loss than found for ponderosa pine. It is possible that the distribution of bark loss along the stem is also species dependent; we found greater bark loss towards the top of the stem in ponderosa pine than towards the bottom of the stem, but no such trend for Douglas-fir.


The activity oforal cefotiam hexetil in the intestinal flora was tested in six volunteers who took 200 mg of the drug twice daily for 5 d. In all six, faecal cefotiam concentrations were below the level of detection (3 μg/g) both during and after cessation of therapy. However, using a chromogenic assay with nitrocefin, we detected beta-lactamase activity in the faeces of all the volunteers either before or during treatment. Total counts of anaerobes were not affected by cefotiam ( 10.4 ± 0.4 versus 10.4 ± 0.3 log 10 c.f.u./g faeces). In all, 1158 strains were isolated from the predominant anaerobic flora of thc volunteers, 395 before treatment, 374 during treatment and 389 after treatment, and were classified according to a simple morphological and physiological scheme. Among these isolates, the mean percentages of Gram-positive bacilli without visible spores were significantly changed by the treatment, whereas those of Gram-positive spore-forming bacilli, Gram-negative bacilli, and Gram-positive cocci were not modified. The susceptibility to cefotiam of faecal bacteria of the volunteers changed little (generally two-fold) during treatment. The mean counts of enterococci were 7.9 ± 1.4 log 10 c.f.u./g faeces before treatment and did not change significantly during treatment. The mean counts of Enterobacteriaceae dropped from 8.3 ± 0.6 to 6.6 ± 2.1 log 10 c.f.u./g during treatment. No overgrowth of staphylococci or fungi occurred. Oral treatment with cefotiam hexetil therefore appeared to have a limited impact on the composition of the faecal microflora of the volunteers, possibly because of the presence of faecal beta-lactamase activity in all of them. Keywords: Cefotiam hexetil; Faecal flora; β-lactamase.


Abstract Acquisition of invasive/metastatic potential through protease expression is a key event in tumor progression. The proteolytic enzyme plasmin is generated from the precursor plasminogen by the action of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (urokinase, uPA) or tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 or PAI-1 is the main inhibitor of uPA and tPA. High levels of components of this proteolytic system, including uPA and its cell surface receptor (uPAR), have been correlated with a poor prognosis for different cancers. It was therefore anticipated that PAI-1 expression would be associated with favorable outcome. Paradoxically, high rather than low PAI-1 levels predict poor survival of patients suffering from a variety of cancers. Recent observations indicate a much more complex role of PAI-1 in tumor progression and angiogenesis than initially expected. The exact mechanisms of this multifunctional molecule remain puzzling.


An investigation was carried out in the university farm land of 22 genotypes for two years 2018-19 and 2019-20 and character association was done of 10 DUS characters where genetic parameters like co-efficient of variation, genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance the results were evaluated for finding out the influence of additive genes or non additive genes of all characters in the next generation. Path analysis of the characters was also done for 2018-19 and 2019-20 to find out the direct and indirect effects of all the characters among themselves on dependant character yield. Plant height was found as a heritable genetic character (which has moderate heritability) and moderately high GA indicates as it is strongly influenced by additive genes for expression for crop improvement programme in the next generation. Single Rhizome wt although does not have high heritability, but the influence of additive genes is found in the two generations. From the results of path analysis plant height character was found to have strong direct significant positive effect on dependant character yield and number of primary rhizome had direct significant negative effect on projected yield. Selection of character (Plant Height, Plot yield) is found on the basis of genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, genetic advance by which crop improvement programme can be set up for future generations where action of additive genes will determine the expression of genetic characters in each genotype.


It is shown that in the one-flavour NJL model the vector and axial-vector quasiparticles described by the antisymmetric tensor field are generated. These excitations have tensor interactions with quarks in contrast to usual vector ones. Phenomenological applications are discussed. 1 On leave from Centre for Space Research and Technologies, Faculty of Physics, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria, E-mail: email@example.com In memory of my father.


The main purpose of the study is to measure whether the community policing system has achieves the desired level of peace and security Assosa town. The study used a mixed approach with usable sample of 386. And relevant data were gathered, presented and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques and thematic analysis techniques. The finding revel that data of organizations and residents are collected and the structure is installed to grass root level. However, low level of awareness, participation, relationship, facilities, confusion task and poor commitment of officers' are the hindrance factors that hinder the system from being effective. To sum up, the system is poor in creating community partnership and ineffective in solving problems in advance Therefore, the town police department has to provide awareness creation training to the community, revises the structure of the system, builds the capacity of police officers and fulfill basic facilities of offices with the collaboration of community. Keywords : Community Policing System, Community Partnership, Participation, Problem Solving and Organizational Transformations


This paper first points out which is the main error affecting the performance of ultra wide band quadrature demodulation receiver.Then a method correcting the amplitude and phase errors of UWB quadrature demodulation receiver using complex coefficients digital FIR filters and an algorithm designing the complex coefficients FIR filters is presented,followed by a practical example.


Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cinnamon nanoparticles (CNPs) on healing of wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aurous with human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells sensitization in diabetic rats. Methods We included fifty diabetic male rats and divided them into 5 groups. There were 10 rats in each group as follows: CONTROL group: we did not infect the CONTROL group. The wound was only covered with sterile saline 0.9% solution (0.1 mL). INFCTD group: in this group, the wounds were infected with MRSA and covered with sterile saline 0.9% solution (0.1 mL). INFCTD-HMLT group: in this group, the wounds were infected with MRSA and HAMLET (100 μg). INFCTD-CNM group: in this group, the wounds were infected with MRSA and 0.1 mL CNPs (1 mg/mL) were applied topically to wounds. INFCTD-HMLT-CNM group: in this group, the wounds were infected with MRSA, HAMLET (100 μg), and 0.1 mL CNPs (1 mg/mL). Results Bacteriology, wound area reduction measurements, biochemistry, histomorphometrical studies, hydroxyproline levels, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for caspase-3, Bcl-2, and p53 showed significant difference between rats in the INFCTD-HMT-CNM group in comparison with other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions Accelerated healing of diabetic wounds infected with MRSA showed that local application of cinnamon nanoparticles along with HAMLET sensitization on S. aureus-infected wound could be taken into consideration.


We describe a multiresistant Enterobacter aerogenes outbreak in an intensive care-unit. An epidemiology study based on phenotypic characters (species diagnosis and antibiotype) was completed by a genotypic study (pulsed field electrophoresis) to confirm bacterial clonality. The hygiene laboratory proposed numerous preventive measures to limit bacterial dispersion. We describe the role of bacteriologists, hygienists and medical staff to stop the bacterial dispersion.


MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/l) mice spontaneously produce antibodies to poly(ADP-ribose) that are cross-reactive with single stranded DNA (ssDNA). Spleen cells from these animals were used for fusion with murine plasmacytoma cells to prepare hybridomas that produce autoantibodies to poly(ADP-ribose). Monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) produced by the selected hybridomas not only preferred ssDNA to poly(ADP-ribose), but also reacted with left handed Z-DNA; the MoAb reflected the nature of serum antibodies to poly (ADP-ribose) in MRL/l mice. These results suggest that similar antigenic determinants exist in poly (ADP-ribose), ssDNA and left handed Z-DNA and that the cross-reactive nature of autoantibodies to poly (ADP-ribose) in MRL/l mice may be the results of expansion of such clones as selected in this experiment.


Yoghurt is a coagulated milk product that results from the fermentation of lactose in milk by lactobacillus bulgaricus and strepto coccus thermphillus. Buffalo Milk yoghurt is live natural thick set yoghurt made with 100% pure fresh buffalo milk produced on our farm, 35 miles south of Birmingham. Buffalo milk yoghurt has a most luxurious taste. Cow"s milk is rich in protein, fat, lactose and minerals such as calcium, magnesium and phosphate. Fruit yoghurt, a popular type of yoghurt is like by masses and is known as fruit stirred yoghurt. Yoghurt prepared by adding seasonal fruits are very attractive. Addition of fruit makes the yoghurt more delicious. Thus, the present study was designed to prepare different levels of papaya and banana pulp yoghurt and assess the nutritional, physiological, microbiological and organoleptic characteristics of yoghurt. The yoghurt was manufactured according to international standards of yoghurt manufacture (IDF 1987 standards). The milk is homogenized ad heated 90 0 C for 3min for pasteurization, then cooled to 45 0 C. It is than inculcated with 5% of lactobacillus bulgaricus. Yoghurt was prepared using various fruit pulp. Yoghurt were cooled at 6 0 C and stored at the same temperature during all period of post-acidification. Owing to the various nutritive advantages the cow"s milk and two different types of fruits were used in the preparation of yoghurt using various combinations with buffalo milk. All the developed products (total=10 variations) were analyzed organoleptically, the best variations (3 variations) will be selected and analysed for nutrients, microbial load and physico chemical properties. The result obtained compared between selected variable and control and also with commercial products. "T" test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), Duncan"s multiple range tests were used for comparing the means to find the significance of acceptability of developed yoghurt product by the consumer on the basis of gender, age, family size, income, educational level and purchase frequency. Fruit pulp added yoghurt BP3 (Buffalo milk + papaya pulp) 3 rd variation has got 1 st rank followed by BB3 (Buffalo milk + Banana pulp) 3 rd variation. On comparing all criteria for all developed yoghurts, buffalo milk with incorporation of papaya pulp yoghurt have high acceptability.


Magnetic materials are a hot topic among energy-materials and they find applications in nearly all everyday consumer electronics. Advances in magnetic performance have in particular been made for thin film and nanosized particles, because the magnetic properties are strongly related to the size. Bulk iron is relatively unreactive, however iron on the form of nanoparticles are highly reactive due to the enlarged surface area and the oxidation potential of iron. Iron oxides are cheap and unreactive precursors for the production of nanosized iron particles. Understanding the mechanisms behind the structural development [1, 2] adds to the fundamental understanding of materials' formation and can lead to new synthesis pathways. In this study, iron oxide (γ-Fe2O3) particles were heated to 400°C under a flow of H2/Ar mixture, while the process was followed by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction measurement. The as-prepared maghemite nanoparticles were synthesized by the continuous decomposition of solutes in supercritical hydrothermal flow synthesis [3, 4]. The reagent used was ferric ammonium citrate (C6H8O7•xFe(III)•yNH3) that under hydrothermal flow synthesis decomposes into the γ-iron oxide Fe2O3. The reduction of maghemite to body centered cubic (BCC) iron does not go through a detectable intermediate state. 1. Jensen, K.M., et al., Mechanisms for iron oxide formation under hydrothermal conditions: an in situ total scattering study. ACS nano, 2014. 8(10): p. 10704-10714. 2. Andersen, H.L., et al., Size and Size Distribution Control of γ-Fe2O3 Nanocrystallites: An in Situ Study. Crystal Growth & Design, 2014. 14(3): p. 1307-1313. 3. Bondesgaard, M., et al., Guide to by-products formed in organic solvents under solvothermal conditions. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2016. 113: p. 166-197. 4. Bremholm, M., M. Felicissimo, and B.B. Iversen, Time‐Resolved In Situ Synchrotron X‐ray Study and Large‐Scale Production of Magnetite Nanoparticles in Supercritical Water. Angewandte Chemie, 2009. 121(26): p. 4882-4885.


The aim of this study was to identify perception discrepancies related to organizational effectiveness in childcare center. To achieve this, managers and teachers were treated as two different subjects. Statistical analysis showed that perception influences differed between managers and teachers. Managers were affected by organizational characteristics and director of the organization. On the other hand, teachers were affected by organizational characteristics and the manager of the child-care center. It was established that the different view points of managers and teachers led to a situation where a manager perceived organizational effectiveness in a more holistic and positive light compared to teachers. It is our assertion that in order to run a child-care center efficiently, it is very important to fortify the ability and authority of managers.


The objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness of the fumigants, Vapam and chloropicrin, to arrest decay development in the groundline zone of southern pine poles, and to determine the types and prevalence of fungi reinvading the poles after fumigation. Fifty-one creosote- and penta-treated poles representing various service ages and decay conditions were fumigated with Vapam or chloropicrin. Cores were extracted from the groundline zone for fungus isolations and decay determinations, prior to fumigation and annually thereafter for 8 years. The reappearance of decay fungi was the major criterion used for judging fumigant effectiveness. Both Vapam and chloropicrin were effective disinfectants and killed all of the previously detected fungi in all poles. The protection periods of the fumigants from decay fungus reinvasions varied with pole age, prior decay condition, and preservative treatment. They ranged from less than 1 to 7 years and were least in older poles with prior decay. Soft-rot fungi were major decay agents which reinvaded the fumigated poles. The reinvading fungi were generally those tolerant to the preservatives or fumigants used in the study. Chloropicrin concentrations at 5, 6, and 7 years after fumigation were highly variable, and below toxic threshold levels in the outer core zones ofmore » most poles. 33 refs., 4 figs., 12 tabs.« less


This study focused on how the eight intermediate students from Pulong Sampaloc Elementary School in Doña Remedios Trinidad, Bulacan, perceived their experiences using the online learning mode in terms of technological, pedagogical, and social challenges. The qualitative phenomenological research design was used in this study to understand and describe the universal essence of a phenomenon, herein the lived experiences related to the challenges they met in the new modality of instruction. The findings were taken from their responses to guided interview questions personally conducted and administered by the researcher. Observations and recordings of their experiences and challenges were taken, analyzed, and presented. The intermediate students of Pulong Sampaloc Elementary School faced technological, pedagogical, and social challenges. However, because they were determined to succeed and complete their education, they could deal with it and achieve the results of their efforts in the best available and possible way.


This topic used pumpkin as the raw material and used sodium hydroxide immersion method to extract dietary fiber from pumpkin,The processing technology parameters of the compound beverage are optimized by single experiment and orthogonal experiment,The best condition of IDF as follows: the ratio of material to water was 1: 20,the time of alkali solution was 90 min,the temperature of alkali solution was 50 ℃,the mass faction of Na OH was 2%,the extraction rate was 64. 2%. The optinal production process of SDF: p H of filter solution of IDF was altered to 4,then SDF was precipitated by mixing alcohol and the p H was altered to7,the extraction rate was 18. 4%. The water holding capacity of the insoluble dietary fiber is 364%,the expansibility is 5. 2 ml \ g,dietary fiber containing a low protein and fat.


The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is integrated into the teaching and learning of mathematics and science in Sudanese secondary schools. A descriptive survey design was used, with questionnaire and interview as instruments to collect the data. A sample of 50 secondary schools from the Khartoum state was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The data-collection instruments were issued to 100 science and math teachers from identified schools (50 schools). A total of 84 questionnaires were completed and retained for analysis. According to the findings of the study, secondary school math and science teachers are not yet ready to integrate ICT into their classrooms due to a number of obstacles, including the unavailability of infrastructure, limited time for planning and the lack of support from school administrators. The findings also showed that most teachers have negative attitudes regarding ICT integration in the teaching and learning of math and science subjects.


The study focused on differentiating the study strategies (deep, surface, and disorganization) on different cognitive skills in a mathematical problem solving test. Participants included 300 high school students from different high schools in the National Capital Region (NCR) in the Philippines. The participants were given the Students' Study Strategy Questionnaire and a mathematical problem solving test. The One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were no significant differences on the usage of the three study strategies on the students' mathematical problem solving across different cognitive skills. All study strategies were equally useful in solving different cognitive skills in mathematics. Surface approach was found to be functional for problems that require evaluation skills.


Cloud computing has been envisioned as a next generation information technology (IT) paradigm. The risk of losing data stored with any untrustworthy service provider is the key barrier to widespread uptake of cloud computing. This paper proposes an algebraic signature based remote data possession checking (RPDP) scheme to verify the integrity of the data stored in the cloud. This scheme uses skip-list to support fully dynamic data operation, including insertion, modification and deletion. The scheme allows verification without the need for the auditor to compare against the original data, which reduces the communication complexity dramatically. The storage complexity of cloud user is reduced to several bytes information. Extensive security analysis shows that the proposed scheme is highly provably secure.


Members of the Association who read the statement on page 6 of the Mathematical Gazette for February 1939 will remember that the Examinations Sub-Committee is considering first the Algebra syllabuses of the various school certificate examinations.


The invention discloses an air kinetic energy conversion method and an air kinetic energy conversion device. The air kinetic energy conversion device comprises a front draught device, a high-pressure turbine inlet unit, a high-pressure turbine power unit, a high-pressure turbine power output unit, a gearbox and a vehicular high-power generator. The front draught device is mounted in the front of the high-pressure turbine inlet unit, the high-pressure turbine power unit is connectedly mounted at the rear of the high-pressure turbine inlet unit, the high-pressure turbine power output unit is connectedly mounted at the rear of the high-pressure turbine power unit, the high-pressure turbine power output unit is provided with an output terminal which is connected with and drives the gearbox, and the gearbox is provided with an output terminal which is connected with and drives the vehicular high-power generator. By fully utilizing conversion of wind energy to mechanical energy and output of torque and revolution of the gearbox, an automobile can be driven at about 60-80h, natural energy can be regulated, and wind kinetic energy is utilized.


Introduction 1. Theological Presuppositions 2. Theological Methodology 3. Ethical Foundations and Method 4. Conscience, Human Acts, and Human Life 5. Marriage, Sexuality, Gender, and Family 6. Social Teaching Afterword


I. INTRODUCTION President George Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)1 into law on July 26, 1990. The Act was meant to be an extension of the Rehabilitation Act2 which applied only to government contractors and recipients of federal assistance. The language of the two statutes is nearly identical and courts analyze claims under both acts in a similar manner.3 Proponents of the ADA saw it as a "declaration of independence" for disabled citizens.4 Critics, however, were not satisfied with the language of the Act as ratified by Congress and predicted a flood of litigation because of the broad language used.5 As a result of the Act's broad language and resulting widespread litigation, courts have been forced to define the Act's limits. While most of the litigation has centered around the employment context, which is covered in Title II of the Act, several recent cases have considered whether the ADA applies to state prison facilities. Three cases addressing this precise question were decided during the summer of 1997 alone.6 In Amos u. Maryland Department of Public Safety the Fourth Circuit held that the ADA simply does not apply to state prison facilities.7 In contrast, in Yeskey v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Corrections8 and Crawford v. Indiana Department of Corrections,9 cases heard in the Third and Seventh Circuits respectively, both courts held that the ADA applies in the state prison context.10 The primary conflict between the circuits concerns interpretation of the ADA's broad statutory language and whether Congress clearly stated its intention in the ADA to usurp state authority and thus require its application to state prisons. Further, if this was Congress' intent, does Congress have the authority, within our federalist system, to regulate state governments in the manner prescribed in the Act? In Amos, the Fourth Circuit held that the language of the ADA did not unmistakably state whether the statutory provisions apply to state prisons.11 The court went on to suggest that even if Congress had stated with unmistakable clarity that the ADA applies to state prisons, it doubted that Congress had the power to do so in accordance with principles of federalism.12 The court justified its result by relying on what it deemed to be the plain and clear text of the ADA.13 In addition, the court outlined the importance of federalism, specifically in relation to the business of running state correctional facilities.14 These issues are important for several reasons. The recent decision in Amos caused a split among the circuits, which makes it ripe for a Supreme Court ruling. In addition, the ultimate answer of whether the ADA applies to state prisons will have significant bearing on contemporary understanding of statutory construction/interpretation guidelines and federalism. Finally, applying the ADA to state prisons places a noticeable financial strain on state prison budgets, employees, and facilities. Part II of this Note outlines the background and development of the law regarding application of the ADA to state prisons. It also summarizes the contours of the debate between the circuits regarding the clear statement doctrine and federalism. These general doctrines and other related issues are set forth according to the current law. Part III gives the facts of Amos and discusses the analysis used by the Fourth Circuit. Part IV explains the court's reasoning and appraises the value of that reasoning in light of recent cases on this and related issues. It suggests that the logic proffered by the Amos court is appropriate and imperative in preserving powers retained by the states under the Constitution. Part V concludes that the ADA should not apply to state correctional facilities in compliance with principles of statutory interpretation and federalism. II. BACKGROUND A. The Americans With Disabilities Act-History, Purpose and Function The ADA was passed in 1990 in order to safeguard the disabled from widespread discrimination. …


The chromatographic behaviour of picamilone and cinnarizine in combinations with the mind-altering drugs such as amitriptyline, aminazin, azaleptin, haloperidol, triftazine, neuleptil was studied on the chromatographic plates "Sorbfil UV-254" and "Armsorb UV-254" in the general solvent systems. It was shown that the separation of the mindaltering substances was not distinct therefore the development of specific chromatographic procedures was necessary. The search for optimal chromatographic systems was performed by the method of mathematic experiment planning according to the scheme "Latin square". It was determined that the solvent system n-heptane-etanol-25% aqua ammonia (6:2:2) was optimal for the identification of complex combinations with cinnarizine but the solvent system n-heptane-ethyl acetate-25% aqua ammonia (5:2.5:2.5) was optimal for the complex combinations with picamilonum.


Wavefront coding technique as a means of athermalization applied to infrared imaging system, the design of phase plate is the key to system performance. This paper apply the externally compiled programs of ZEMAX to the optimization of phase mask in the normal optical design process, namely defining the evaluation function of wavefront coding system based on the consistency of modulation transfer function (MTF) and improving the speed of optimization by means of the introduction of the mathematical software. User write an external program which computes the evaluation function on account of the powerful computing feature of the mathematical software in order to find the optimal parameters of phase mask, and accelerate convergence through generic algorithm (GA), then use dynamic data exchange (DDE) interface between ZEMAX and mathematical software to realize high-speed data exchanging. The optimization of the rotational symmetric phase mask and the cubic phase mask have been completed by this method, the depth of focus increases nearly 3 times by inserting the rotational symmetric phase mask, while the other system with cubic phase mask can be increased to 10 times, the consistency of MTF decrease obviously, the maximum operating temperature of optimized system range between -40℃-60℃. Results show that this optimization method can be more convenient to define some unconventional optimization goals and fleetly to optimize optical system with special properties due to its externally compiled function and DDE, there will be greater significance for the optimization of unconventional optical system.


Biak is a Papuan tribe inhabiting the Biak Island, to the north of mainland Papua. This tribe has a type of folksongs called wor. Using Nöth's theory of metaphor and Haley's 9 categories of the hierarchy of human perceptions, this study aimed to explore the metaphorical expressions (metaphiers) found in 17 wor lyrics through metapherein process to find their metaphands, and to identify the human perceptions in the metaphiers seen through the 9 categories. The study found that the Biak tribe expresses their concerns about life and its complexity as discovered in the metaphors found in the metaphands: happiness, deliverance, caring, preservation of culture, respect, longing for homeland, perseverance, youth reminder, evil spirit, inhumane treatment to others, fighting spirit, dexterity, vigilance, strong family support, 'heaven', the ritual for luck, and creator of the universe. Most languages in the world must have similar universal metaphors, but their meanings may be universal or local as is true with wor lyrics. Haley's 9 categories were found. The categories observed are: Being was found 4 times in 4 lyrics; Cosmos was observed 2 times in 2 lyrics; Energy was found 2 times in 2 lyrics; Terrestrial was discovered 2 times in 2 lyrics; Object was found 2 times in 2 lyrics; Living was not found in these present data; Animate was not observed in these current data either; and Human was observed the most, 5 times in 5 lyrics.


An advanced design of direct coupled Josephson logic (ADCL) is developped for optimum speed at the circuit level with picosecond superconducting junctions (RN x C = 2 ps ). Each gate consists of an input logic cell and an output buffer (OR gate) which brings efficient standardization. The design minimizes junction turn-on-delay and loading effects to reduce speed degradations in circuit conditions of operation. The methodology of speed optimization with good static and dynamic margins, small dissipation and large integration capability is presented. The new features of the ADCL gate design are, a suppression of the input resistive shunt in OR gate, a large signal line impedance, voltage and current amplification, a standardization of gate design. The maximum gate speeds at bias near threshold (≽ 95 %) are 2.5 ps (OR) and 5 ps (AND). At fan in/fan out ≽ 2 and 80 % of threshold bias giving # ± 20 % operating margins, the gat switching times rise only at 5 ps (OR) and 10 ps (AND) with as little as 3 μW/gate power dissipation. The corresponding power-delay product of the OR gate rates at 15 aJ.


Food intolerance (FI) interferes with the adequate nutrient intake and it is frequent in children with neurologic damage. The Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is an example of an early and extreme brain injury. In the health care of children with this syndrome, it is observed that FI especially presents as vomiting and regurgitation, even in those with tube feeding, which could imply the gastric motility in this phenomenon. As a syndrome of recent description, studies related to these children´s feeding difficulties, as well as their causes and consequences, are scarce and incipient. The objectives are: a) describe the gastric motility, the occurrence of food intolerance and the nutritional status of preschoolers with microcephaly due to CZS; b) evaluate possible interferences of tube feeding in these findings. It was a comparative study between the ultrasound evaluations of gastric antral motility of healthy preschoolers and CZS patients with microcephaly. The latter were also described as a case series. Those who could not ingest 75% of the amount of 15mL/Kg were considered volume intolerant. The ultrasound evaluated antral areas in three times, allowing the calculation of the Gastric Emptying Rate (GER) 15 minutes after ingestion. Besides that, the exam described frequency and amplitude of the contractions, from which the Gastric Motility Index was calculated. The patients were also evaluated as to the presence and degree of dysphagia and to signs of food intolerance (vomiting, regurgitation, prolonged meals, insufficient caloric intake and volume intolerance) and a nutritional evaluation was performed (anthropometry and caloric intake report). The anthropometric indices were classified in Z scores suggested by the World Health Organization. Sixty-two percent of the patients did not present antral contractions and this group showed lower volume tolerance and lower GER in relation to the healthy controls. Tube-fed patients had a greater impairment of these parameters. Duration of tube-feeding positively correlated with all the anthropometric indices, except height-for-age. FI occurred in 87% of the patients, where the predominant signs were: vomiting/regurgitation (60%), volume intolerance (51%) and prolonged meals (47%). These findings were more frequent in tube-fed patients, especially those with gastrostomy. With regard to nutritional status, 38.9% of the patients showed low weight-for-age, the same happening to 50% of them regarding height. Thinness was found in 25.9%, while risk of or overweight, in 22.2%. Malnutrition assessed by mid-upper arm circumference and tricipital skinfold (TSF) was found in 9.4% and 7.5%, respectively. Indications of adiposity were also observed: elevated TSF in 17.5% and high waist/height ratio in 56.6%. Malnutrition was more frequent in orally-fed children while adiposity and overweight, in those tube-fed. It was concluded that CZS children presented with gastric dismotility (due to antral contractility deficit) and high frequency of FI, both of which were more frequent when tube-fed. Low height was the most frequent nutritional impairment and it was not associated with tubefeeding duration.


Various researches which are capable of coping with Severe Accident (SA) have proceeded after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Especially, the CH3I retention efficiency has been a noted issue in FCVS. An organic iodide, especially CH3I, has been recognized as one of the most hazardous fission products (FPs) for its high volatility and contribution to a thyroid cancer [1]. A design requirement for domestic Filtered Containment Venting System (FCVS) is determined as a decontamination factor (DF) of radioactive fission product and a passive operation time. For example, a required DF of aerosol and molecular iodine is relatively high, more than 1000. However, DF of methyl iodide (CH3I) is relatively low, around 50 for its difficulty in separating iodine ion from CH3I and in preventing further recombination and re-volatilization. For this reason, there have been numerous attempts to achieve a high DF of CH3I by using various methodologies. Several institutes have been studying and developing their own technology by participating some projects such as ICHMM (Iodine Chemistry and Mitigation Mechanisms) and PASSAM (Passive and Active Systems on Severe Accident source term Mitigation) [5-7, 9]. A retention efficiency is directly connected with DF. The retention efficiency of organic iodide CH3I is closely related with many parameters: temperature, pH control, chemical additive, radiolysis, etc. This paper aims to review a current state of the art of a retention efficiency of CH3I by investigating an effect of parameters mentioned. In addition, several retention technologies are also introduced to understand better how these are applied and used for CH3I retention.


Group key protocols are still an important research issue in the network security, generation and sharing the secret session key is the important factor during the the groupkey transfer protocols. Usually it will be taken care of KGC. KGC encrypts session keys under another secret key shared with each entity during registration. In this paper, we propose an authenticated key transfer protocol based on secret sharing scheme that KGC can broadcast group key information to all group members at once and only authorized group members can recover the group key but unauthorized users can not recover the groupkey.In this proposed mechanism shows More security levels In case of confidentiality and authentication than the traditional group key protocols can be analyzed in detail.


Xavier Bichat's Recherches physiologiques sur la vie et la mort was published the year that the century turned. This seems fitting, for the work is a superb synthesis of a great many of the important concepts concerning the living body which had evolved during the eighteenth century. In a sense, it sums up the state that medical theory had achieved by them. While studying La vie et la mort, one sees unmistakably that Bichat was an heir to the vitalists, the organicists, and the sensationalists. In it, Bichat examined the living organism with a view to discerning and describing those characteristics which he believed divide it so utterly from the inert one. Here, he argued with enormous conviction on behalf of the separation of the science of life from that of non-living things with which, he believed, it shares virtually no common ground. Here also, he developed his arguments on behalf of subdividing physiological forces and processes into animal and organic categories. Each life was examined in terms of its supposed properties, its consciousness, its ability to learn, its birth, and its death. Had Bichat not gone to Paris in 1793, it is unlikely that he would have been able to achieve this and hence any other of his major works. Like a great magnet, that city has always drawn France's most ambitious and creative men to itself. Even in the 1790s, the decade of the most intense travail it has ever suffered, it held out to Bichat and to others the possibility of an opportunity to study, to make important contacts, and to achieve professional advancement in general. As we have seen, Bichat obtained all these things from Paris, largely as a consequence of his very lucky adoption by Desault. The vitalist theory was, by then, widely diffused. And the forces of sensibility and contractility, which preoccupied the organicists, had been, as we have seen, the subjects of assiduous examination for about half a century before Bichat tackled them. The sensationalist theory, albeit of at least seventeenth-century origin, was being subjected to particularly intense scrutiny and application, and that largely in Paris at the very time that Bichat worked there. Bichat used this theory and its attendant epistemology as a kind of binding agent to link together all the other elements of his work. It is unlikely that Bichat ever went to Auteuil. In fact, he probably had little if anything to do personally with many of the politically-minded philosophes whose ideas had been shaped in Madame Helvetius's salon. That made little difference, however, for Condillac's philosophy had become the common property of Parisian scientists and intellectuals. The Societe M6dicale d'tmulation must have been a particularly important centre for the diffusion of sensationalist ideas. Apart from that, however, all the concepts we have so far examined were widely discussed at the Hotel-Dieu, as much a part of the institution as the vermin that crept along its walls. There could have been few more intellectually stimulating medical establishments anywherejust at the turn of the century.


In the solid state, the propagation of spin crossover (SCO) information is governed by a complex interplay between inner and outer coordination sphere effects. In this way, lattice cooperativity can be enhanced through solid state packing interactions (i.e. hydrogen-bonding and π-stacking) and via coordinatively linking spin switching sites (i.e. coordination polymers). SCO framework materials have successfully provided an avenue for enhanced cooperativity and additional function as host–guest sensors via their potential porosity. In this review, we explore two-dimensional SCO coordination polymers: (1) spin crossover frameworks (SCOFs) consisting of (4,4) grids and (2) Hofmann-type materials where layers are separated by organic ligands. These families have each allowed the elucidation of important structure–function properties and provided a novel platform for molecular sensing applications. Towards advancing the field of infinite polymeric SCO materials, two-dimensional materials can offer flexible porosity, potentially leading to novel spin state-switching functionality.


Neural Network suffers four major issues including acceleration, power consumption, area overhead and fault tolerance. In this paper we develop a systematic approach to design a low-power, compact, fast and reliable neural network based on a redundant residue number system. Residue number systems have been applied in designing neural network except the CORDIC-based activation functions including hypertangent, logistic and softmax functions. This issue results in that the entire neural network cannot be totally self-checked and extra operations make the time, power and area reductions wasted. In our systematic approach we propose some design rules for ensuring the checking rate without loss of reductions in time, area and power consumption. From experiments on three neu-ral network with 24-bit fixed-point operations for the MNIST handwritten digit data set, 3, 4, and 5 moduli are separately employed for achieving all balanced improvements in power-saving, area-reduction, speed-acceleration and reliability pro-motion. Experimental results show that all the power, time and area can be reduced to only about one third, and the entire network in any combination of software and hardware can be self-checked in an aliasing rate of only 0.39% and TMR-correctable under the single-residue fault model.


Deletion of the tumor suppressor gene TP53is significantly associated with an unfavorable clinical course of Multiple Myeloma (MM). In addition, point mutations that abrogate p53 function similarly shorten survival. Most recently 'double hit', bi-allelic TP53inactivated MM was identified as an ultimate high risk feature of MM, affecting 3.7% of newly diagnosed MM patients (NDMM, Walker et al., Leukemia 2018).
 For TP53genetic analysis we combined data from two targeted sequencing M3P cohorts with targeted sequencing and FISH data, one of NDMM (n=142, Kortüm et al. Blood Cancer J. 2016), and one of multirefractory patients (rMM, n=40; Kortüm et al. Blood 2016). We also included two independent cohorts with paired NDMM and rMM, one with mutational data (n=43; Corre J et al 2017) and one with paired FISH analysis (Merz M et al. Haematologica 2017). We confirmed an increase of mutations in TP53 (8% NDMM / 16.9% rrMM), as well as del17p (12.6% / 22%). Similarly, mono- (12.7% / 22.5%) and bi-allelic events (5.6% / 17.5%) both demonstrated a significant increase over time (Figure, top). Importantly we observed deletion after mutation and vice versa in our cohorts.
 Next we established an AMO-1 MM cell line model (TP53+/+) mimicking mono and bi-allelic TP53-inativation. After CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TP53destruction, we introduced a modified Sleeping Beauty (SB) vector with two separate expression cassettes (p53 wt / wt and mutant p53 (R282W or R175H). Functionality of the p53 system was confirmed using nutlin-3, as inhibitor of MDM2-p53 interaction, as described elsewhere.
 Results: Doxorubicin and Melphalan are commonly used compounds in the treatment of MM. The IC50 of Melphalan in AMO1 naïve cells was 5µM and 5.5 µM after the reintroduction of 2 copies of wt TP53 in the KO model, with cell viability at 10µM of 30% and 31% respectively, measured by AlamarBlue Assay. Strikingly, we observed significant resistance induction in our hemizygous systems (del/wt p53; cell viability at 10µM 60% and mut/wt (62%). This furthermore increased within our homozygous models (TP53 del/del (85%); TP53 mut/del 80%) (Figure, bottom). Similar results were observed under doxorubicin treatment. Remarkably, this effect was absent against proteasome inhibition.
 Conclusions
 Here we present first evidence of TP53 inactivation impacting drug response to Melphalan and Doxorubicin, which might lead to the clonal selection of MM subclones harboring increased risk. The fact, that response to proteasome inhibition was not affected in our model might, at least in part, might explain their ability to confine high risk in MM.
 Figure. Figure.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Objective To optimize the technical parameters of Pogostemon cabin Benth.through controlling the different factors of SFE by orthogonal experiments.Methods Using the recovery rate of patchouli oil and content of Patchoulic alcohol as indexes,the effects of extraction pressure,extraction temperature,extraction time were evaluated by orthogonal experiments.Results The optimum conditions for extraction of Pogostemon cablin Benth.were as follows:7.2 MPa,40℃,60 minutes.Conclusion It can be used for the theoretical basis.


Inorganic proton conductor SnP2O7 was synthesized.Its conductivity was measured from ambient temperature to 250 ℃ without humidification.At 170 ℃,the highest conductivity of 0.053 S/cm was reached for SnP2O7.Hybrid membranes of SnP2O7 with polyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)or sulfonated poly(ether ether)ketone(SPEEK)were prepared by solution casting.For the hybrid membranes containing 60% SnP2O7,the conductivity at 210 ℃ was 9.2×10-5 S/cm for SnP2O7/PVDF,and 9.3×10-5 S/cm for SnP2O7/SPEEK with a sulfonation degree of 51%,respectively.The proton conduction mechanism of SnP2O7 as well as its hybrid membranes was discussed.The mechanical strength of the hybrid membranes was measured.The tensile strength of SnP2O7/PVDF membranes at break was much higher than that of SnP2O7/SPEEK membranes at 130 ℃.


Ice How direction indicators in north-west County Meath and adjacent parts of Westmeath and Cavan are described. Drumlins, striae, roche moutonnees, and other streamlined features, as well as till fabrics, suggest a general flow during glacial maximum of north-west to south-east when combined with erratic carriage data. Analysis of the configuration of ice marginal moraines and subglacially deposited esker ridges deposited during glacial retreat, as well as till fabric analysis of deglacial sediments, suggest a more complicated retreat of ice. with margins oriented South-west to north-east prevailing in the south and cast of the study area. Further to the west and south-west there seems to be an element of retreat towards the west, with a north-south trending ice margin. This is suggested as providing evidence for a decoupling of Ihe ice into separate lobes in that area.


Results of comprehensive data analysis on kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) migration from Murman colonies (Kola Peninsula, the Barents Sea) are provided. The possibility of land areas migration (including the territory outside of the main area) of some population part of Murman kittiwakes is approved by the records of standard metal ringed and logger labeled birds. It was demonstrated that the number of returns from the Baltic, Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas regions, depending on the age of kittiwakes, can vary from 1.7 to 4.5 % of the total number of registered ringed birds. The hypothesis about flight paths formation and migration strategy changes of the kittiwakes in accordance with the development of marine lifestyle during the last glaciation degradation is discussed. Analysis of the whole information complex allows us to expand our understanding of migration behavior formation of the kittiwakes. Within the framework of this hypothesis, it is assumed that until the marine life-style of kittiwake has completely developed, along with other gull species, 1 Мурманский морской биологический институт Кольского научного центра Российской академии наук (Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Kola Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Murmansk, Russian Federation), Российская Федерация, 183010, г. Мурманск, ул. Владимирская, 17, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


We introduce canonical bases for subalgebras
of quotients of the commutative and non-commutative polynomial
ring. The usual theory for Grobner bases and its counterpart for
subalgebras of polynomial rings, also called SAGBI bases, are combined to obtain a tool for
computation in subalgebras of factor algebras.


Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences / Volume 24 / Issue 02 / April 2015, pp 144 145 DOI: 10.1017/S2045796014000778, Published online: 30 January 2015 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S2045796014000778 How to cite this article: K. S. Bhui (2015). Big data and meaning: methodological innovations. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 24, pp 144-145 doi:10.1017/S2045796014000778 Request Permissions : Click here


We perform a global χ² analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions using data from charged current neutrino-nucleus (νA) deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), charged-lepton-nucleus (ℓ(±)A) DIS, and the Drell-Yan (DY) process. We show that the nuclear corrections in νA DIS are not compatible with the predictions derived from ℓ(±)A DIS and DY data. We quantify this result using a hypothesis-testing criterion based on the χ² distribution which we apply to the total χ² as well as to the χ² of the individual data sets. We find that it is not possible to accommodate the data from νA and ℓ(±)A DIS by an acceptable combined fit. Our result has strong implications for the extraction of both nuclear and proton parton distribution functions using combined neutrino and charged-lepton data sets.


The knowledge regarding early stages in polymer crystallisation remains inconclusive due to experimental limitations. The reason is that the initially formed polymer crystals rearrange rapidly at t ...


Samuel Beckett's The Unnamable' bears its title as the testimony of a thoroughgoing paradox. Whoever or whatever bestows the title writes from the position of author or authority, the position of one who, unlike the unnamable, can be named and who therefore can in turn name. Yet this title and the text that lies beyond its frame together create an upheaval in the relation of author to writing, a radical shift unsettling the narrative ground of late twentieth-century fiction, the diverse effects of which are still being registered. In the tradition of Beckett criticism, The Unnamable is taken as the last volume of a trilogy that begins with Molloy, continues with


In this paper, we propose a solution for avoiding extensive time consuming path loss calibrations when performing RSS-to-distance conversions for indoor mobile positioning with heterogeneous mobiles. By exploiting RSS measurements and ad-hoc link communications we prove the concept of cooperative calibration and demonstrate it in a WLAN 802.11 network. Moreover the results obtained in the cooperative calibration phase will be applied to the cooperative mobile positioning algorithm developed in previous works.


Conventional methods for the analysis of dielectric resonators utilize the mode-matching technique. Other methods have also been used. However, most of the analysis exists for analysis of single resonators. However, for practical dielectric resonators (when more than one loaded cavity is used) there may be apertures coupling one resonator to the other. In addition there may be probes coupling one resonator to the other to carry out response shaping or even cancel out the effects of the higher order modes. Also, probes may be utilized to couple energy into and out of the resonators. The high dielectric constant resonator is generally placed on top of a low dielectric constant material for support. Hence an effective analysis modeling is necessary which will predict the actual experimental data accurately if the appropriate material properties are correctly specified for coupled multiple dielectric resonators. This includes analysis of dielectric resonators with aperture couplings along with probe feeds.


The hydrolysis of enantiopure α,γ-substituted γ-sultones with water under mild conditions leads to α,γ-substituted γ-hydroxy methyl sulfonates in very good yields and excellent diastereo- and enantiomeric excesses (de, ee> 98%). The reaction proceeds via a S N 2 mechanism with inversion of configuration at the attacked γ-carbon atom whose absolute configuration was established by X-ray crystallography.


Background of the study: The focus of this problem is to be able to find out the effectiveness and impact received from dynamic archive management in the agency, namely in managing general dynamic archive documents;
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of archive management by archive management officers;
Method: The method used in this study uses descriptive qualitative methods and uses observation, interviews and documentation techniques;
Findings: The readiness of the dynamic archive archive instrument 3 in 1 model can be used in dynamic archive management with the implementation of Creation, Use, Maintenance, and Depreciation;
Conclusion: The use of 3 in 1 archival instruments has a positive impact and increases effectiveness in archive management.


Combining symplectic algorithm, splitting technique and compact method, a compact splitting symplectic scheme is proposed to solve the fourth-order dispersive Schrödinger equation with cubic-quintic nonlinear term. The scheme has fourth-order accuracy in space and second-order accuracy in time. The discrete charge conservation law and stability of the scheme are analyzed. Numerical examples are given to confirm the theoretical results.


Radioactive samples are enclosed between two layers of adhesive, transparent tape. The double-tape is wound into drums and automatically fed through the 4pi counting apparatus. This system reduced the workload of mounting, storage and disposal to less than half and the adhesive tape used is fifteen times cheaper than the disposable plastic counting tubes usually employed. The risk of radioactive contamination is practically excluded.


I present a case study drawn from a two-year ethnographic study of Laotian adolescents in a rural New England school district where refugee resettlement hasemerged as a factor of local socialchange. I describe how formal classroom encounters betweenLaotian students, their American peers, and their teacher wereinfluenced by the community context and by a school culture in which tracking served as the organizational framework shaping the behavioral and instructional options of teachers and students. Particular attention is directed toward patterns of dependence and resistance that emerged, often unexpectedly, between culturally diverse student groups, and the ways in which the teacher mediated this interaction. My analysis highlights linkages betweenperceptions of competence and peer worth, the teacher's role in the social organization of work-related talk in the classroom, and the constraints and benefits peculiar to the small school setting.


The essence of technologies of social work with young people is addressed in the article, its classification and phases are listed.


In 1951, Binkley and Johnson^ reported hereditary multiple basal cell epitheliomas in mother and daughter; they also found other developmental defects in these patients. Subsequent studies of such patients confirmed that this combination of the anomalies constitutes a distinct syndrome.i' "• 12,13 A wide range of anomalies is found in the basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS). Cutaneous anomalies include basal cell epitheliomas, milia, epithelial and sebaceous cysts, lipomas and dyskeratoses of the palms and soles. Some osseous anomalies are mandibular cysts, rib anomalies, brachymetacarpalism, spina bifida occulta, sclerosis and defective dentition. Soft-tissue anomalies are calcification of the falx cerebri, ovarian fibromas with calcification and lymphatic mesenteric cysts. Mental and neurologic abnormalities such as mental retardation, aberrations and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum are anomalies of the nervous system. Ocular anomalies are hypertelorism, dystopia canthi, cataracts, and congenital blindness. In addition, this condition sometimes is associated with visceral carcinoma23. s, 13 or with hereditary or congenital syndromes.


This paper is dedicated to the full integration of a new silicone-based material for Molding-Underfilling (MUF) on silicon interposer wafers containing Through Silicon Vias (TSVs) and top dice. The developments were carried out in the frame of "silicon package" where the silicon interposer is either reported on P-BGA or directly assembled on board. After a materials screening with regard to warpage issue, "molding last" was studied with the selected material, including compatibility with temporary bonding debonding, bumping, sawing and report on organic substrate. A focus is made on void-less molding-underfilling process development and wafer level reliability evaluation of first level (die to wafer) interconnections and TSV subjected to thermal cycles. For this study, a molding-last approach using a dry-film lamination process has been chosen. 170μm thick dice have been assembled on 120μm thin silicon interposers having 60μm diameter TSV via-last and encapsulated with optimized wafer-level MUF process. Electrical performances of the 35μm high Cu pillars interconnections have been measured on the interposer backside thanks to TSVs and rerouting. While the daisy chains resistances remained in specifications after molding and pre-conditioning, some electrical failures appeared after 250 thermal cycles. Cross-sections have highlighted cracks in solder joints leading to the development of an improved version of the compound. Finally, a complete test vehicle with a molded-underfilled interposer reported on an organic substrate has been achieved.


Purpose: Toreport 3 cases with presumed syphilitic uveitis showing partial response to intravenous penicillin treated with oral methotrexate. Procedures: Interventional retrospective case series. Intravenous penicillin was initiated at 24 million U/day for 10 days. 4 weeks after cessation of intravenous penicillin oral methotrexate 15-20 mg/week was administered for 6 months. Treatment efficacy was assessed by best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography. Results: 3 patients (4 eyes) showing partial response to intravenous penicillin had complete resolution of posterior segment manifestations in 3 months with oral MTX. BCVA improved in 4 eyes. During the follow-up of 4-15 months after cessation of MTX, no relapse occured. Conclusions: As a great imitator, syphilis should be considered in all patients with uveitis. Correspondence/Reprint request: Dr. Ozlem Sahin, Dunya Eye Hospital, Tunus caddesi No: 28 Kavaklıdere Ankara, 06450, Turkey. E-mail: email@example.com


*Dr. Segalen is an Attaché de recherches at the Centre d'Ethnologie Française of the Musée National des Arts et Traditions Populaires. She is the author of Nuptialité et alliance (1972), a study of occupational endogamy in a commune in the Eure. Recently her research has centered on marriage and sex roles in rural society, and on a study of Saint-Jean-Trolimon, from which the present article is drawn. The family cycle concept as defined by psychologists and sociologists generally encompasses the life span only of the couple. For historians the temporal dimension needs to be a much longer one, for as William Goode says, &dquo;If we wish to obtain family cycles, we are forced into some historical consideration of the family itself, that is, how a given family system or


Effects of severe plastic deformation by isothermal сryorolling at a temperature of liquid nitrogen with a strain of e ~ 2 and subsequent aging on structure, hardness and resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) of the preliminary quenched ingots of the conventional and Zr modified composition of D16 aluminum alloy, were investigated. It was found that both the alloys in the natural aged condition demonstrate slight effect on IGC resistance. It was caused by low difference in electrochemical potentials between the matrix and Guinier-Preston-Bagaratsky zones. Artificial aging at 190°C for 12 hrs to the maximum strength (T1 route) led to strong decrease in IGC resistance of both rolled and non-rolled states of the alloys due to precipitation of strengthening phases. Modification the D16 alloy composition via substitution of Mn by twice less amounts of Zr and decrease in impurity contents had a minor influence on its structure and hardness in the initial and rolled conditions. However, it significantly enhanced corrosion resistance, reducing its depth and intensity, in both naturally and artificially aged conditions. It was concluded that the main factors, determining the alloy microstructure changes, mechanical and corrosion behavior, are the volume fraction, morphology, and spatial distribution of second phases — excess phases and precipitates.


Conservation horticulture is an emerging and increasingly important function for all botanic gardens, but it is an activity that can be difficult to explain and to promote. Part of that difficulty lies in its name, and a few alternatives are suggested in this Guest Essay – such as Care for the Rare, Raising Rarity, and Plant Rescue and Care Unit – all currently in use at Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria (RBGV) for more narrowly scoped but pioneering projects. In reimagining conservation horticulture at RBGV we want to draw on the public's intrinsic interest in and affinity with plants, rather than taking a defensive stand against what is often called 'plant blindness'. Raising Rarity 2.0 is likely to combine commercialisation of rare species, innovative blending of amenity and conservation horticulture, and even stronger partnerships with schools and local government. As I prepare to leave RBGV after 25 years in senior management of botanic gardens, I'm supporting a grassroots push from horticultural and research staff to add conservation horticulture (whatever we call it) to our already potent mix of nature, culture and science.


People tracking in crowded scene have been a popular, and at the same time a very difficult topic in computer vision. It is mainly because of the difficulty for the acquisition of intrinsic signatures of targets from a single view of the scene. Many factors, such as variable illumination conditions and viewing angles, will induce illusive modification of intrinsic signatures of targets. The objective of this paper is to verify if colour constancy (CC) approach really helps people tracking in CCTV network system. We have testified a number of CC algorithms together with various colour descriptors, to assess the efficiencies of people recognitions from multi-camera i-LIDS data set via receiver operation characteristics (ROC). It is found that when CC is applied together with some form of colour restoration mechanisms such as colour transfer, it does improve people recognition by at least a factor of 2. An elementary luminance based CC coupled with a pixel based colour transfer algorithm have been developed and it is reported in this paper.


12068Background: Current emphasis for childhood and young adults with HL is to maintain high cure rates while concurrently identifying regimens to reduce excess long-term mortality/morbidity. Thus,...


Export Promotion Agencies (EPAs) have been in operation in developed countries since the beginning of the 20th century to improve the competitiveness of firms by increasing knowledge and competences applied to export market development. Several studies have focused on assessing the real effectiveness of the EPAs, mostly from the viewpoint of firms. There are also some quantitative studies on the influence of organizational characteristics on EPAs performance, but, to the best of our knowledge, no case studies have yet been conducted that analyze, detail and explain which of the EPAs organizational characteristics are associated to their differing levels of success. Therefore, our research aims to fill this gap by assessing whether certain internal traits of EPAs are associated to their distinct performance and which ones in particular. To accomplish this task, a case study analysis is performed comparing a laggard (Portuguese) and a highly efficient (Irish) EPA in terms of export promotion. In methodological terms, a detailed survey is applied to the employees of the two EPAs who deal directly with enterprises in terms of exports promotion, encompassing several dimensions of their organizational performance; strategy, innovation strategy, knowledge management, structure, human resources, processes, procedures, and systems. Using the non-parametric test of Kruskal Wallis, it was found that there are clear differences between the agencies for all the dimensions, except for Structure and Procedures. Furthermore, a factor analysis shows that the hidden factors found for each agency are different, revealing that greater importance is given to strategic decisions in the case of Enterprise Ireland (EI), and to internal matters such as communication and knowledge management in Agencia para o Investimento e Comercio Externo de Portugal (AICEP). Consequently, AICEP emerges as an organization without any clear component of intentionality, being more concerned with internal matters rather than with actions directed at the market. In contrast, EIs philosophy is more market-oriented and taking the clients needs into consideration is a priority.


Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) prey on Cape gannets (Morus capensis) , Cape cormorants (Phalacrocorax capensis), bank cormorants (P. neglectus), and African penguins (Spheniscus demerslls) at Ichaboe Island (26°17'22"S, 14°56'36"E), Namibia. Opportunistic observations were conducted from September 1991 to May 2001, and focal event sampling and continuous observations between November 1999 and May 2000. Predatory events total 2 989, involving 932 gannets, 560 Cape cormorants, 142 bank cormorants and 552 penguins; high annual variation is evident. Individual seals specialising in seabird predation did not conform to this pattern of predation, differing in predation rate and bird species targeted. Seabird predation may be learnt from other seals, or forms an extension of play behaviour; subadult males are predominantly responsible. Incidental observations introduce a potential bias in spatial sampling but may reveal diurnal and environmental trends. Seasonally abundant fledgling gannets and cormorants contribute one-third of predations noted. Seals do not eat birds as an alternative food resource. The deteriorating conservation status of these seabirds is cause for concern; the predation impact of seals should be quantified, taking into account individual variability, and compared with other causes of mortality.


The performance of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) metal switches were investigated at wide temperature range. Measurements were carried out using cryogenic probe station and S-parameters were taken using a network analyser for frequencies up to 20 GHz. A total of 28 switches were evaluated. The investigation shows a 50% increase in the actuation voltage and a decrease in the percentage of operational switches as the temperature was reduced to 10 K. At room temperature the best isolation (when open) was 30 dB at 10 GHz with an insertion loss of 0.14 dB (when closed). Measurement accuracy was reduced at low temperature, however, isolations and insertion losses were similar to room temperature values.


The invention relates to a method for colouring building materials and asphalt by means of pigment granules, whereby different compressed and built-up granules are used.


A field experiment was conducted during rainy season (kharif) of 2007 at Research Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur to find out the effective measure of weed control with combination of herbicides and cultural practices in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril]. Application of fluchloralin @ 1,000 g/ha PPI + hand weeding at 40 DAS resulted in the lowest weed dry-matter and maximum weed control efficiency followed by hand-weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after sowing. This treatment also recorded the highest seed yield of soybean.


The invention provides an electrochemical water scale removal device. The device comprises a water scale crystal nucleus generating unit used for electrochemical water treatment, wherein the water scale crystal nucleus generating unit comprises a tank body, diaphragms, an anode, cathodes and auxiliary electrodes; a water inlet and a drain outlet are formed in the bottom of the tank body; the diaphragms are arranged inside the tank body and divide the tank body into cathode chambers and an anode chamber; the anode is arranged inside the tank body; the cathodes and the auxiliary electrodes are arranged inside the cathode chambers; a catholyte water outlet and an anolyte water outlet are formed in the top end of the tank body. The device has the beneficial effects that with electrochemical operation, water scales can be deposited on the surfaces of the diaphragms and hinder ionic migration through the diaphragms, so that the resistance is increased, the current efficiency is reduced and the diaphragms need to be regenerated; the cathode chambers are emptied, the anolyte is led into the cathode chambers, then the auxiliary electrodes serving as anodes are connected and the anolyte generates chlorine and hydrochloric acid near the auxiliary electrodes, so that the water scales on the surfaces of the diaphragms are completely washed and the diaphragms are regenerated in situ.


It was shown the possibility of creating in atmospheric air in a plane-parallel gap in the presence of water with a drop-film state of a uniform pulsed barrier discharge, which was initiated by unipolar voltage pulses of amplitudes up to 28 kV and fronts ≈ 40 ns and duration about 100ns. Studies were carried out at thicknesses: the dielectric barrier is 2 mm and the gas gap 3 mm. The characteristic dimensions of tap water drops were 1 mm and its films on the walls of the gas gap ~ 0.1 mm. For these conditions, the following amplitude discharge parameters were achieved: the electric field strength in the gas gap was about 60 kV/ cm, the current density –2.6 A/cm 2 , the electron concentration – 8.5·10 11 cm -3 with their average energy – 3,7 eB. The discharge becomes non-uniform: zones with bright filamentary formations appear in the gas gap when increasing of the frequency of repetition of voltage pulses over ≈ 300 Hz,. The limiting frequency of the discharge transition into an inhomogeneous form becomes significantly higher (more than 500 Hz) with transverse purging of the gas gap with air, the speed of which at the


OBJECTIVE
To explore the value of surgical treatment on spine metastatic tumor.

METHODS
31 cases of spine metastatic tumor with severe pain or/and neurological deficit were selected and treated with various operative methods.

RESULTS
Except for 4 cases, all the patients survived from 3 months to 7 years (average 17.6 months). The patients had no complication during treatment. The symptoms and neurological functions recovered with various extent after operation.

CONCLUSIONS
Surgical treatment should cautiously be adopted. When the spine metastatic tumor with severe pain and neurological deficit has no response to the conservative methods, the surgical treatment with decompression and internal fixation should be performed to improve the life quality for the patients.


The NetSolve system, developed at the University of Tennessee, is a client-server application designed to solve computational science problems over a network. This document is organized in four chapters. The rst chapter presents the basic concepts of NetSolve and gives references to several publications concerning the project. The second chapter describes the client side of NetSolve, reviewing the Matlab, C, Fortran and Java Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) as well as the Java Graphical User Interface (GUI). That section also gives several illustrative examples. The third chapter describes the server side of NetSolve and gives details on each of its software components. The fourth and last chapter describes how NetSolve handles the user-provided function mechanism. Finally, complete reference manuals are found in appendices.


The hydrolysis conditions of fish scale for extracting papainase have been studied.An experi- ment has been performed to determine the main factors that affect the zymohydrolysis process,in which enzyme amount,temperature and substrate concentration,as individual factors,have been tested.An orthogonal test also has been carried out to obtain the optimum conditions that the enzyme dosage is 4 g/L,the hydrolyzing temperature is 60℃and the substrate concentration is 20%.


Few‐layer ultrathin nanosheets and ultrasmall quantum dots of black phosphorus (BP) have attracted increasing research interest due to their fascinating properties including a tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and ambipolar conduction ability. These excellent properties together with their unique structures make BP derivatives promising candidates for a wide range of device applications. In this research news, the latest advancements in the synthesis, properties, and applications of BP and its derivatives are highlighted. In particular, the focus is on the use of these rising star materials for emerging solar cells, in terms of both theoretical predictions and experimental investigations. Finally, the authors' personal perspectives on potential future research directions are provided.

publisher-specific, author manuscript: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am


Microactuator systems usually consist of distributed microactuators. For package control circuits in such a micro system, a decentralized control scheme is required. This paper proposes the decentralized control scheme for distributed microactuators based on distributed parameter model.


We propose a method for training of clause deletion heuristics in DPLL-based solvers using Reinforcement Learning. We have implemented it as part of a software framework SAT-Gym which we plan to release as an OpenAI Gym compatible environment. We present experiments and preliminary results for the clause deletion heuristic in Glucose.


ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the impact of national culture and individuals' cosmopolitanism on consumer innovativeness and innovation adoption behavior. Our research model proposes the linkage between an individual's cultural context and psychological and behavioral outcomes. The research model involves a hierarchical model of consumer innovativeness, including innate innovativeness, domain-specific innovativeness, and adoption of innovation. Data were collected in two culturally distinct countries: the U.S. and South Korea. The study's findings illustrate that the impact of national culture on an individual's innate innovativeness is evident. However, the direct effect of innate innovativeness on innovation adoption is significant only in the U.S. The effects of consumer cosmopolitanism and sociodemographics on consumer innovativeness and innovation adoption behavior are found to vary across the two countries. The managerial implications for the diffusion of global brands are discussed.


I refer here specifically to the following texts: "System der Sittlichkeit," Hegels Schriften zur Politik und Rechtsphilosophie, ed. G. Lasson (Leipzig: F. Meiner, 1913), pp. 419-503, writen 1802/1803; "Philosophie des Geistes," Jenenser Realphilosophie I: Die Vorlesungen yon 1803/1804, ed. J. Hoffmeister (Leipzig: F. Meiner, 1932), pp. 195-241; "Jenenser Philosophie des Geistes," Jenenser Realphilosophie II: Die Vorlesungen von 1805/1806, ed. J. Hoffmeister (Leipzig: F. Meiner, 1931), pp. 179-273. The rifles of the latter two works as well as the names of the above sections are Hoffmeister's; hereafter, these will be cited as JR, I and JR, II respectively. Quotations from these two works, which were unpublished drafts of lecture notes of Hegel, will be cited exactly as they appear in Hoffmeister's texts. Rather than supply the necessary German grammatical ligatures or emendations, I have chosen to be faithful to the original text, since the meaning of Hegel's words is quite clear in the instances cited. 2 The most prominent examples of this group are: Herbert Marcuse, Reason and Revolution: Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1941); Alexandre Kojrve, Introduction & la lecture de Hegel: Lemons sur la phdnomdnologie de l'esprit (Paris: Gallimard, 1947); Georg Luk~ics, Der ]unge Hegel. Ober die Beziehungen yon Dialektik und Okonomie (Zurich: Europa, 1948). Much of the recent interest in this area can be traced to the publication of the so-called "1844 Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts" of Kar/ Marx. The relevant sections are found in Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society, trans, and ed. Lloyd D. Easton and Kurt H. Guddat (Garden City: Doubleday, 1967), especially in "Alienated Labor" (pp. 287-301) and "Critique of Hegelian Dialectic and Philosophy in General" (pp. 314-337).


The formula application by measuring soil method was tested in rice field with lower yield to gain the aim of rational application and raise economic benefit in Weng'an county,Guizhou.The results showed that the mathematics model between application amount and yield y= 298.538+12.074N+6.083P+13.061K-0.53N2-0.759P2-0.703K2+0.438NP+0.106NK +0.154PK,the optimum application amount of N,P2O5 and K2O was 12.11 kg/667m2,6.65 kg/667m2 and 8.99 kg/667m2 respectively and the optimum yield was 490.65 kg/667m2.