Although prior studies have demonstrated that Hispanic patients have a higher cardiovascular risk profile than Caucasians and present at an earlier age for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), limited studies exist examining the outcomes of Hispanics post PCI and potential explanations for differences noted. Utilizing patients from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry Waves 1–5 (1997 to 2006), demographic features, angiographic data, and one year outcomes of Hispanic (n= 542) versus Caucasian patients (n=1357) undergoing PCI were evaluated. Compared with Caucasians, Hispanic patients were younger, and had more hypertension and diabetes mellitus, including more insulin treated diabetes mellitus. While the mean lesion length was longer in Hispanics (15.4 mm versus 14.1 mm, p<0.001), there were no differences in the number of significant lesions, or in the use of drug-eluting stents. At follow-up, Hispanics were more likely to report recent anginal symptoms, but had a similar incidence of one year hospitalizations for angina. Adjusted one year hazard ratios for adverse events for Hispanics versus Caucasians revealed lower rates of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (HR 0.43, 0.22


OBJECTIVE
To question whether patients with persistent low-level elevation of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) following chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia can be managed conservatively.

STUDY DESIGN
A retrospective study of all patients requiring chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), treated in Sheffield from 1994 to 2007, evaluating those for whom a clinical decision was made to stop chemotherapy when the serum beta-hCG level remained elevated.

RESULTS
Of the 350 patients requiring chemotherapy, 17 had persistently elevated beta-hCG at the time chemotherapy was stopped. The range of elevation was 4-43 IU/L (mean, 7.5) and duration 3-32 weeks (mean, 10.7). In 16 patients, beta-hCG became undetectable and further treatment was not required; in only 1 patient did the level suddenly become elevated (from 12 to 77 IU/L after 3 months), requiring further and curative chemotherapy.

CONCLUSION
These results suggest that a conservative but watchful approach can be taken for persistent low-level elevation (up to 40 IU/L) of serum beta-hCG following chemotherapy.


andfouradditional unidentified lipids totaling less than 5%.Theonlychange detected after formation ofintracytoplasmic membranes wasaslight decrease inphosphatidylethanolamine andacorresponding increase inphosphatidylcholine. Anexamination oflipid hydrolysates revealed 11different fatty acids inthelipids fromeachcell type. Hexadecanoic acidandmonounsaturated octadecenoic accounted formorethan75%ofthetotal fatty acids forboth cell types. Proportional changes werenoted inall fatty acids except octadecenoate. Anteiso-pentadecanoate comprised less than1%ofthefatty acids fromundifferentiated cells butmorethan13%ofthetotal fatty acids fromcells containing intracytoplasmic membranes. Theseresults suggest thatanteiso-pentadecanoate formation closely parallels theformation ofintracytoplasmic membranes. Increased concentrations ofthis fatty acidmaycontribute tothefluidity necessary forplasma membrane convolution during intracytoplasmic membranedevelopment. Batzing andcolleagues demonstrated that Gluconobacter oxydanssubsp. suboxydans (Acetobacter suboxydans) formed large quantities ofintracytoplasmic membranes ascells entered thestationary phase (2, 6). Inthin section, these intracytoplasmic membranes appear tobe continuous withtheplasma membrane (6), and these observations aresupported bydatashowingtwofold increases inrespiratory activity paralleling intracytoplasinic membranedevelop


Inguinal hernioplasty is one of the most common planned surgical interventions. With the advent of minimally invasive technologies in herniology, a new page in the field of inguinal hernia surgery has opened. The emergence of laparoscopic techniques (TAPP) and fully pre-peritoneal surgery using the TEP method allowed us to achieve good long-term results. However, there remain unresolved questions of justifying the choice of a particular method of minimally invasive intervention in patients with inguinal hernias, as well as minimal information about the comparison of long-term results of treatment of this category of patients. As a result of the study, the results of treatment of 987 patients with inguinal hernias, operated from 2014 to 2018, were evaluated. in the clinic by the endoscopic method (319 by the laparoscopic method TAPP and 668 patients operated by the TEP method). The criteria for the comparison of endoscopic techniques of hernioplasty were: the duration of the operation, the intensity of the pain syndrome, the postoperative bed-day, the economic costs for one treated herniological patient. It was established that in the absence of significant contraindications, the operation of choice was hernioplasty according to the TER method due to the lower risk of damage to internal organs and its greater economic efficiency, while maintaining all the positive qualities of minimally invasive intervention. The average bed-day after surgery according to the TAPP method was 3.8 ± 0.2, and according to the TEP method - 2.6 ± 0.3. The complications, the frequency and the cause of relapses after endoscopic hernioplasty were studied. Analyzing long-term results, in 3 cases (0.9%) after laparoscopic hernioplasty, a relapse of the disease was diagnosed. After hernioplasty using the TEP method, relapse was diagnosed in 2 cases (0.3%). In 2 patients, the hernia recurred was due to the small size of the established mesh prosthesis (less than 10x15 cm), in 3 patients it was caused by turning the lower edge of the mesh prosthesis and was observed at the stage of mastering the technique. As a result of the study, it was found that the TEP technique, in contrast to laparoscopic hernioplasty TAPP, leads to a reduction in the postoperative hospital bed, is accompanied by a significantly lower pain syndrome and recurrence rate of the disease, and also has greater economic efficiency.


The Joseph Story is set in the age of the Patriarchs. According to Exod. 12: 40 f. the Israelites departed from Egypt four hundred and thirty years after Jacob's family had entered the land in the second year of the famine; and according to 1 Ki. 6:1 the fourth year of Solomon fell in the four hundred and eightieth year after the Exodus. One of the distinguishing features of the Joseph Story is the apparent familiarity of the author with the country in which his narrative takes place. Before examining the Egyptian background to the Joseph Story a word of caution is necessary. It has been the practice sometimes in the past to see Egyptian colouring where none is really present. This chapter presents two conclusions that seem justified by the examination of the background detail.Keywords: Egyptian background; Israelites; Joseph Story; Patriarchs


In this paper a vertical downward flow map and a vertical upward flow map are presented. A comparison of the two flow maps shows that significant differences exist between the two directions of flow. The experimental work was performed with an air-water flow in a 11/2-in inside diameter transparent tube.


Background
The activation and polarization of macrophages are crucial during the pathogenesis of liver injury induced by the toxin. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) are newly identified mesenchymal stem cells and have been shown to have an immunoregulatory ability for multiple autoimmune diseases.

Methods
Mice were intraperitoneally injected with Acetaminophen (APAP) to establish a liver injury model. hAMSCs were injected through the tail vein, and the liver function was observed through a liver function and pathology analysis. To test the regulative ability of hAMSCs in vitro, the supernatant of hAMSCs were collected and co-cultured with Kupffer cells (KCs). Liposome was used to abolish the function of KCs in vivo.

Results
Infusion of hAMSCs reduced the level of liver function injury and inflammation expression in APAP-induced liver injury. hAMSCs markedly promoted M2 polarization of KCs instead of M1 polarization in vitro. Furthermore, the mechanism study also proved that hAMSCs reduced autophagy, as revealed by down-regulated LC3B-II levels. The elimination of KCs in vivo abolished the protective ability of hAMSCs in liver injury, which resulted in a significant increase of liver pathogenesis along with an increase in alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) levels.

Conclusions
Our results proved that hAMSCs suppressed M1 polarization and promoted M2 polarization of KCs through regulating autophagy in the model of APAP-treated livers. Thus, the injury of the liver was attenuated. This study provides us a new therapeutic strategy for the disease of acute liver injury.


Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied to IT systems. However, AI can be manipulated to perform undesirably, exhibit biases or abusive behaviors. When AI algorithms are parallelized on high-performance computing-based cyberinfrastructure (CI), such misbehaviors and uncertainty can multiply to obscure the root causes. Secure, safe, and reliable computing techniques can mitigate these problems. The project described in this paper aims to inform curriculum and develop materials to educate students who use AI from the outset, so that they will first become aware of the issues and secondly practical considerations will be integrated with theory in classes. Intensive, multi-faceted, modular, experiential learning units are designed to rapidly upgrade the skills of current and future CI users, so they can apply new skills to their tasks. The loosely coupled modules can be taken as standalone self-directed units or integrated into existing classes, starting with CS 1 and CS 2, which are taken by many non-CS STEM students. In a sandpit environment, learners take measured risks when guided on a journey of discovery. The primary purpose of this paper is to present key findings of the research following a 2-year pilot. A secondary purpose of the paper is to disseminate this exciting endeavor broadly, so that likeminded educators and researchers can consider participating in the project.


A number of studies currently focus on the renewable fuels to reduce the reliance on petroleum fuels. Bio fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel have been studied and tested in many countries including India. One of the methods to reduce the use of fossil fuel is blending biodiesel with fossil diesel. Madhuca Indica (MI) offers an alternative application as a blended fuel for diesel. The present work is aimed to investigate experimentally the physic-chemical properties of biodiesel-diesel blend with nano-particles as additives and compared with that of diesel fuel. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) is used as an additive; 50ppm and 100ppm of nano-particles were added. We studied the fuel properties such as density, viscosity, heat of combustion, flash point; it was found that the fuel properties of fuel blends were close to the standard values of diesel fuel. However, the flash point of the blends was quite similar as that of the diesel fuel. The heating values of the blends are around 41500 Kcal/kg, where as for pure diesel 42000 Kcal/kg. The density and viscosity of the blend is almost same as that of the diesel fuel.


RNA binding proteins are known to modulate an impressive array of cellular processes. Recent studies have focused on a variety of techniques to analyze RNA-protein (RBP) complex formation including NMR, X-ray crystallography, and mass spectrometry. To explore the factors that regulate RBP formation, we developed a computational method as a step prior to biochemical validation of RBP by mass spectrometry. Here we describe a methodology to predict the sequences involved in RNA-protein complex formation including transient interactions. The approach is based on an information entropy-based algorithm calibrated against known $\Delta \mathrm {G}$ and binding probabilities for RNA nucleotides-amino acid residues. The method is then used to predict binding sites of specific RNA associated proteins identified by mass spectroscopy of RNA associated proteins. The estimates of specific nucleotide peptide interactions was based on the Gibbs free energy of nucleotide-peptide fragments in a given RBP complex, and a dynamic model that uses multiple binding sites within a nucleotide-peptide fragment to quantify the binding affinity of weak and transient RNA-protein interactions. A concept originally described by Claude Shannon is now being used to foster a new paradigm for assisting in the search for specific RNA-protein binding sites. In this paper we will detail the following information, in order: 1. An information-theoretic based approach to modelling RNA-protein interactions down to specific RNA-protein complex motifs based upon information entropy; 2. The theory applied to a calibration dataset of known RNA-protein interactions to predict the RNA-protein binding motifs; 3. A prediction of RNA-protein binding motifs on a set of co-immunoprecipitation assays.


Abstract Congenital toxoplasmosis represents the second most commonly recognized congenital infection. Ocular and neurological abnormalities are considered the most frequent sequelae. Endocrinological manifestations are rare and have received little attention. We report a 3.5-month-old female infant who presented with failure to thrive and recurrent hypoglycemic attacks, diagnosed as growth hormone deficiency due to sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis. Although endocrinological sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis are uncommon, they represent potentially treatable conditions. Here, we stress on the importance of monitoring pituitary function and growth in children in particular, with congenital toxoplasmosis, keeping in mind other possible, potentially treatable, endocrinological manifestations.


The exchange bias of polycrystalline Co films grown on epitaxial, 67-nm-thick single-crystalline films of (110) ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ films was measured as a function of Fe concentration. A set of samples was grown with a pure, 1.0-nm-thick ${\mathrm{FeF}}_{2}$ layer at the interface, and another set was grown without the interface layer. Unlike previous measurements of twinned ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ films, the exchange bias of samples with the pure interface layer remained relatively constant as the Fe concentration was decreased from $x=1.0$ to 0.35. A decrease in ${H}_{E}$ with increasing $x$ in samples without the pure interface layer was also observed, which can be explained by a weakening of the ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}∕\mathrm{Co}$ exchange interaction as the Fe concentration is decreased. Evidence for the creation of frozen domains in the antiferromagnet was obtained from vertical shifts in the hysteresis loops at low temperatures for samples with $x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.75$, which agrees with the critical concentration ${x}_{C}=0.76$ above which antiferromagnetic domains are not expected to form due to lack of percolation of nonmagnetic impurities. The large enhancement of exchange bias expected from the domain state model is not observed in these samples because of the existence of the critical concentration in ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}$.


Starting from the free-electron model, we show that the solution of a problem of enhanced second-harmonic generation by metals in nonlinear optics reduces to that of a classical boundary-value problem. Surprisingly, this boundary-value problem has a form that is quite equivalent to that encountered in the classical problems of diffraction in linear optics. Thus the rigorous integral theory of metallic diffraction gratings is used with some minor changes. The comparison of the numerical results with experimental data shows a significant mismatch. After two coefficients are fitted into the expression of the nonlinear polarization in order to get the best matching for the reflectivity of plane interfaces, a satisfactory agreement is obtained for the enhancement of the second-harmonic field by metallic gratings through the resonant excitation of delocalized surface plasmons, which reaches the order of 2000.


The paper introduced the feature of freeway soft soil ground diseases,analyzed the cause of soft soil ground settlement and proposed suitable protective measures.


Purpose. To report the first documented case series of bubbles and corneal dimples associated with corneal reshaping after the first overnight wear of an orthokeratology lens. Methods. Three cases of transient corneal dimples are described after the first overnight use of the Be Free orthokeratology lens (BE; Ultravision Pty. Ltd., Brisbane, Australia) related to bubble formation under the posterior lens surface. Results. The corneal dimples were located most centrally and peripherally in correspondence to the reverse curve and did not produce a significant change in best-corrected visual acuity except in one patient, who had many bubbles in the central cornea. Conclusions. The current findings suggest that the precorneal tear film between the corneal surface and the posterior orthokeratology contact lens surface plays a role in the development of bubbles and corneal dimples.


Dermatoglyphic patterns refer to the configurations formed by dermal ridges on the fingers, palms, toes, and soles. There is a recognized relationship between the dermato-glyphic patterns and certain developmental defects in individuals. Previous methods of dermal pattern analysis are rather subjective and tedious to perform. This paper proposes a hybrid optical-digital system for the quantitative analysis of the dermal patterns. The proposed system extracts dermatoglyphic features through the medium of an optical Fourier transform and a solid-state photodiode array. Preliminary classification results for a group of 11 individuals exhibiting Trisomy-21 (Down's Syndrome) and 10 individuals selected from a normal control group are given.


Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have been receiving intense interest for use as external modulators in a variety of fundamental and advanced applications. However the employment of these modules for the target purpose is hindered by their limited modulation bandwidth. Motivated by this fact, in this invited paper we review the main outcome of our recent research on enabling the direct modulation of SOAs with improved performance at enhanced data speeds. In this context we present experimental and theoretical results that we have obtained by exploiting different types and combinations of optical filters. These filters include the birefringent fiber loop (BFL), either alone, in cascade with another BFL or assisted by an optical bandpass filter (OBPF), and a passive single microring resonator (MRR). To this end we demonstrate the capability of the schemes to efficiently overcome the pattern-dependent response of the directly modulated SOA and enhance the quality characteristics of the encoded signal.


Pronunciation is the most important part in English. As we knows students are always marked by different activities, such as learning activities, private lessons, and course, students can learn better from these activities. This study is aimed to know the pronunciation problems of certain significant English stop sound among the second graders of SMA Panjura Malang and in what position of words the problems occur. This research was a qualitative desctiptive design. The instruments were 50 words, containing voiceless stop of /p/, /t/, /k/ in initial, medial, and final position; each contains five or six intended sounds in different position of words to test the students, and a cell phone to record the pronunciation of the students. The results showed that the most problematic sounds for the students were the aspirated consonants /p/, /t/, /k/ which appeared in initial, medial, and final positions of words. The comparison of both Indonesian and English for the most problematic words showed that one factor that might cause the pronunciation problems of English stop sounds are: (1) there are sounds in English which are phonemic, but they are not phonemic in Indonesian, (2) there are some sounds which do not exist Indonesian, but they exist in English, (3) there are sounds which are voiced in English but they are voiceless in Indonesian, (4) these are sounds pronounced with aspiration in English, but not in Indonesian. Another indication of the cause is the unfamiliarity of the students toward the words. The results are hoped to be the feedback for the teachers to give model in minimal pairs to the students and be able to improve the pronunciation problems of their students.Keywords; pronunciation, segmental sounds, voiceless stop, consonants.


Objective: to investigate the clinical, endoscopical, microscopical and molecular involvement of the GI tract in a prospective series of MCL. Methods: 13 patients with MCL have been prospectively and consecutively entered in a staging workup that included upper and lower endoscopy of the GI tract. Multiple biopsies of the stomach and colon were taken from pathologic mucosa and also from macroscopically normal mucosa. Specimens were assessed with immunohistochemistry (IHC), FISH and PCR. Results: Only 1 patient presented with GI symptoms at diagnosis. Endoscopy: Upper GI: abnormal mucosa in 5 cases (38%); Lower GI: abnormal mucosa in 6 cases (45%): mild colitis in 1, multiple micropolyps in 3, a large polyp and multiple micropolyps in 1 and three large polyps with normal mucosa in 1. As a whole, 9 patients (70%) had upper or lower endoscopic findings. Pathology: 10 cases (77%) had microscopic infiltration by MCL of the upper GI tract and 10 cases (77%) of the lower GI tract. As a whole, all but one patient (92%) were found to have microscopic infiltration of the GI tract. All positive cases for CD20 and CD5 were positive for cyclin D1. The PCR product showed a clear monoclonal peak in 12 out of 19 samples, giving a sensitivity of 63.5% compared with IHC. FISH was positive in 7 out of 11 samples (sensitivity of 64% compared with IHC). All but one case with endoscopic abnormalities had GI microscopic infiltration by MCL and 67% of cases with normal endoscopy were found to have GI tract infiltration by MCL. Conclusions: In our series, GI involvement by MCL was detected in almost all patients. All patients with endoscopic abnormalities had infiltration by MCL at the microscopic level. In 2/3 of the patients with normal endoscopy, GI tract involvement could be demonstrated at the microscopic level. IHC with cyclin D1 was more efficient than FISH and PCR as a diagnostic tool in this setting.


4-6 Global Alcohol Policy 2017 Conference: Mobilising for change: Alcohol Policy and The Evidence for Action, Melbourne, VIC 4-6 Australasian Gastro-intestinal Trials Group 19th Annual Scientific Meeting, Cairns, QLD 4-6 2017 Obesity Surgery Society of Australia and New Zealand Conference, Adelaide, SA 6-8 AORA ASM 2017, Adelaide, SA 7-10 ASA National Scientific Congress 2017, Perth, WA 8-12 AOA 77th ASM and AGM, Adelaide, SA 9-13 Activity Based Funding Conference 2017 and 33rd Patient Classification Systems International Conference 2017, Sydney, NSW 11-13 42nd Australian and New Zealand ASM in Intensive Care and the 23rd Annual Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Conference: ICU: Thinking outside the flags, Gold Coast, QLD 12-14 The Australian and New Zealand Head and Neck Cancer Society ASM, Brisbane, QLD 12-15 2017 Combined Orthopaedic Knee Societies Meeting, Noosa, QLD 13-16 RCPA 47th Annual Scientific and Business Meeting, Canberra, ACT 12-14 APELSO 2017: ECMO and Beyond (The Future of Mechanical Support), Gold Coast, QLD 14-15 RANZCP Victorian Branch Conference, Marysville, VIC


Gas manifiold was an important component to connect single fuel cells into a fuel cell stack. The different designs connections, gas flow directions and the mathematical models of gas manifold were summarized.The design of gas manifold would affect the volumetric power density, sealing, insulation and cost of fuel cell stack. The internal gas manifold and its improved design were the most hopeful in the design of fuel cell stacks. The mathematical simulation of gas manifold should be developed. The key factor which constrains the model was the solution acquiring method. It was necessary to develope the computer aided design software of fuel cell gas manifold.


Spectrum scarcity is one of the issue in wireless communication. Dynamic spectrum sharing is the solution for this problem in which the underutilized spectrums are utilized efficiently. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) based cognitive radio using spatial coding is used to dynamically share the spectrum which allows simultaneous usage of spectrum by more than one user. The drawback of spatial coding is the achievable capacity get reduced with the increased number of cognitive users which limits the number of users to share the spectrum. In order to maximize the number of secondary users sharing the spectrum of the primary user, this paper presents a cluster based multiple primary and secondary user's MIMO spatial coding which provides higher capacity. The entire network is divided into number of cluster based on the location such that each cluster will be interference free from other. Each cluster is designed with one primary user and many secondary users and a User Scheduling algorithm called Cluster Based Max Signal Power User Scheduling (CBMSPUS) is proposed to select two best secondary users in each cluster. Since the performance of spatial coder depends on the channel matrix, this paper analyze the spatial pre-coder under Rayleigh, Rican and Nakagami fading channels with multiple users and evaluate the capacity of users under CBMSPUS scheduling algorithm. The results show that the Nakagami fading channel achieves high capacity than others. Primary user calculated capacity is 10.8bits/HZ /channel at low SNR region and 14.2 bits/HZ/channel at high SNR region. The secondary user archives maximum capacity of 9.8bits/HZ /channel at low SNR and 13 bits/HZ/channel at high SNR. The Proposed Scheduling method offers maximum of 15dB gain comparing FIFO scheduling algorithm.


To purify recombinant human endostatin from high expression genetic engineering bacteria and analyze its anti-tumor activity.By isopropy1-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG) induction,recombinant human endostatin was expressed highly in Ecoli by inclusion.Recombinant human endostatin was purified by gel filtration chromatography.The biological anti-cancer activity of recombinant human endostatin were studied by chick embrgoallantoid membrane,MTT assay,cell migrate inhibition assay,the tumor growth of the laryngeal subcutaneously implanted in nude mice and pathological slice and immunohistochemistry.The restorable rate of recombinant human endostatin was 40%.Recombinant human endostatin could directly inhibit lung cell proliferation and migration.After 21 days of recombinant human endostatin administered,the tumor inhibition rate of the laryngeal subcutaneously implanted in nude mice was 40.66%.HE staining,immunohistochemistry,CAM identified recombinant human endostatin had a strong anti-angiogenesis activity on tumor tissue.[Conclusions]Recombinant human endostatin reveals effects to inhibite not only tumor tissue anti-angiogenesis but also tumor cell proliferation and migration.


Among the various electromagnetic scattering sources of traditional objects,slits are feeble sources.But for the stealth objects,the scattering contribution of slits can't be ignored.To analyze the effects of slits to the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of objects,different sizes and numbers of slits were placed on the surface of three-dimensional perfect conductor.Method of moments in conjunction with RWG basis function was used to analyze the surface current density and wide-band radar cross section(RCS) of perfect conductor with slits.By means of a series of radar cross section analysis,the electromagnetic characteristics of slits were investigated when the number,size and interval of slits were changed.


An averaging result for periodic dynamical systems evolving on Euclidean spaces is extended to those evolving on (differentiable) Riemannian manifolds. Using standard tools from differential geometry, a perturbation result for time-varying dynamical systems is developed that measures closeness of trajectories via a suitable metric on a finite time horizon. This perturbation result is then extended to bound excursions in the trajectories of periodic dynamical systems from those of their respective averages, on an infinite time horizon, yielding the specified averaging result. Some simple examples further illustrating this result are also presented.


The invention relates to novel six-functional-group alkyne derived polytriazole resin and a preparing method thereof. A compound containing diyne and polyyne propyl groups is prepared from an aromatic diyne compound through phase transfer reaction, and then 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction is conducted between the prepared compound and a trinitride to prepare the novel six-functional-group alkyne derived polytriazole resin. The polyfunctional group alkyne derived novel polytriazole resin has multiple alkynyl groups, the crosslinking density of cured resin is high, heat resistance is excellent, and the novel six-functional-group alkyne derived polytriazole resin is expected to serve as resin matrix of aerospace structural materials to be widely used.


This article questions the way irregular migrants are approached in educational policymaking. In most cases, estimations of the number of irregular migrants serve – despite large methodological problems – as a starting point for policymaking. Given the very diverse composition of this group of people, the question is whether residence status is an appropriate benchmark to deal with the social problems related to these people. There seems to be a homogenising tendency at work which reduces the complexity of irregular migration. Preferable distinctions are overlooked or even denied. Inclusive education seems to bring in an alternative that does not reduce individuals to a group they belong to. Thus it is claimed that differences only matter at the individual level. The question is, whether there is no new form of homogenisation at work here. Using the case of Roma people, this paper claims that (apart from an ethical concern with the unique individual) group differences do matter for educational practice, theory and policy. Qualitative data on the social practices people are living in can help to get an insight in the particularity of situations. This "insight" or "understanding" in its turn is a requirement for policymakers to make well-considered choices.


Junior doctors have many responsibilities, including attending ward rounds, organizing investigations, assessing patients and creating discharge summaries. Many of the skills needed are learnt during final year medical school placements. However, discharge summary technique is not always well demonstrated to students, and this can lead to confusion and inefficient use of time when faced with multiple patients to discharge for the first time. This article outlines key areas which need to be addressed.


A novel filter system comprising open cell reticulated foam rings compressed between retaining plates and fitted into a filtration housing was evaluated for the recovery of oocysts of Cryptosporidium from water. Mean recoveries of 90·2% from seeded small and large volume (100–2000 l) tap water samples, and 88·8% from 10–20 l river water samples, were achieved. Following a simple potassium citrate flotation concentrate clean‐up procedure, mean recoveries were 56·7% for the tap water samples and 60·9% for river water samples. This represents a marked improvement in capture and recovery of Cryptosporidium oocysts from water compared with conventional polypropylene wound cartridge filters and membrane filters.


The jujube treated by vacuum drying can produce jujube juice with high VC and good sensory quality. Taking the jujube juice as main material,jujube soft candy was produced by adding konjac and agar. The volume of jujube juice,gel,sugar and citric acid in the producing of soft candy were studied. The optional formulation was obtained. The product had the attractive fragrance,natural color,appropriate taste and high content of vitamin C.


A method of power system security assessment and preventive control based on power system overload risks is proposed,which uses probabilistic power flow(PPF) and cumulant method to analyze the randomness of system statuses,and applies the severity function to describe the impact of transmission line load fluctuations.Based on that,overload risk is defined as the result of the probability multiplying the severity of transmission line overload and is considered as an indicator of power system security.A preventive control model,based on optimal power flow(OPF) and primal dual interior point method,was used to optimize the outputs of the system active and reactive resources.This reduces the system overload risks and increases the system security.Calculation results of the method in a test system prove the method effective.


Chinese population policies have affected family dynamics as well as population size. The erratic administration of policies in rural and urban areas and among minorities and the Han majority has resulted in big differences in fertility and household size. The political structure allows for rapid changes in policy to be felt immediately. The family planning network has been effective and future fertility decline is expected. The mean age at marriage and divorces are expected to increase during the modernization process in China. Households will be affected under rapid socioeconomic development. Co-residence between parents and married children will become more undesirable, and household size will continue to decline. Co-residence will be affected differently by various factors. Co-residence will decline due to rapid economic development, access to pensions and social security, new housing construction, and relaxation of restriction migration policies. Co-residence will flourish under policies that promote the rural family contract responsibility system of production, that exclude rural farmers from a pension system, and that do not promote the three-generation household as a Chinese cultural tradition. Migration may add to extended families on a temporary basis. The Chinese ethical tradition of caring for the old is still alive. The opposing forces of tradition and change will determine the future structure of households. Children born during the 1970s will have fewer siblings, which will lessen the chances of leaving the parental home. A time may come when below replacement fertility will not allow for co-residence. The speed of transition to nuclear families has not yet been determined. From the 1920s through the 1940s household size was 5.3 members. By 1953 and 1964 household size had declined to 4.3 members. Even up to the 1960s fertility was around 5.68 members; reforms in land allocation began during the 1950s. By 1982 household size increased slightly to 4.43 members. Demographics could not explain the patterns in 1982. A reasonable guess was that the Cultural Revolution of 1966 to 1976 created a serious housing shortage and prevented nuclear family units. By 1990 household size declined to 3.97 members, which was attributed to the demographic factors of fertility decline.


The variant form of hairy cell leukemia (vHCL) is a rare chronic B-cell malignancy classified separately from classic hairy cell leukemia (cHCL) due to distinct immunophenotypic, molecular, and cli...


Advancement in plant biotechnology research has created powerful DNA-based molecular markers, small fragments of DNA that can be visualized following separation according to their molecular size by electrophoresis. These markers can be utilized to precisely identify organisms, distinguish between apparently similar individuals, determine hybrid purity, estimate genetic variation among genotypes of any organism, or monitor diversity within plant populations (William et al, 1990; Dawson et al, 1993, Hu and Quiros 1991).


Sand casting offers weight and cost advantages that make it an optimal manufacturing process choice for many situations. However, to fully realize the cost reduction potential of sand casting, the casting designer must specify geometry that is carefully chosen to minimize tooling complexity and lead time and to maximize process yield. This paper systematically explores the sources of cost in sand casting to understand how design decisions impact total cost. A comprehensive cost model for sand casting is proposed, several key design related cost drivers are identified, and the qualitative relationship between the cost drivers and cost sources is discussed.


Artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain are likely to bring powerful economic and social effects. Blockchain's ability to cryptographically validate identities and transactions and create immutable records can enhance trust, transparency, and accountability. Part of the fascinating character of the AI stems from the fact that computers perform better than humans in repetitive tasks. Their judgment and intelligence are not affected by emotions, feelings, and needs. They have better memories and can process large amounts of information.1 AI, thus, enhances efficiency and provides new opportunities for cost savings and revenue generation. What is even more important is that AI and blockchain have strong complementary capabilities that can have dramatic effects on the performance of industries and markets. Each also has a potential to improve the performance and functioning of the other (see Figure 1).


Nowadays, gigantic models can be easily produced in many applications and their dimension often exceeds the RAM size in a common workstation. Thus, using an external memory technique is mandatory in this case. In this paper, we define a dimension-independent and extensible framework, called Objects Management in Secondary Memory (OMSM), for managing huge models. The OMSM framework can be easily adapted to the users needs through dynamic plugins, providing many techniques to be integrated in a storing architecture.


15‐Lipoxygenase is expressed in foamy macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions and has been implicated in the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein during early stages of athero‐ genesis. To establish an animal model of 15‐lipoxygenase overexpression, we created transgenic rabbits that express at high level the human 15‐lipoxygenase in monocyte‐derived macrophages but not in liver, heart, kidney, lung, or other tissues. The expression level of the enzyme in monocyte‐derived macrophages is comparable to that of interleukin 4 (IL4) ‐treated human monocytes, but more than 20‐fold higher than in macrophages of normal rabbits. The transgenic enzyme oxygenates linoleic acid to 13S‐ hydroperoxy‐9, 11 (Z, E)‐octadecadienoic acid (13‐ HODE), and arachidonic acid to a mixture of 12S‐hydroperoxy‐5, 8, 10, 14 (Z, Z, E, Z)‐ei‐ cosatetraenoic acid (12S‐HETE), and 15S‐hydrop‐ eroxy‐5, 8, 11, 14 (Z, Z, Z, E)‐eicosatetraenoic acid (15S‐HETE). The 12‐HETE/15‐HETE ratio varied between 0.3 and 5.4, indicating a remarkable variability in the positional specificity of the transgenic enzyme. Macrophages from normal rabbits consistently produced 12S‐HETE as the major oxygenation product. 15‐Lipoxygenase‐overexpressing rabbits may be used for further mechanistic studies on the implication of lipoxygenase in atherogenesis; they are also an ideal model for testing the in vivo action of 15‐lipoxygenase inhibitors.—Shen, J., KÜhn, H., Petho‐Schramm, A., Chan, L. Transgenic rabbits with the integrated human 15‐lipoxygenase gene driven by a lysozyme promoter: macrophage‐ specific expression and variable positional specificity of the transgenic enzyme. FASEB J. 9, 1623‐1631 (1995)


The present article describes the results of two surveys camparing the perceptions of educators of gifted students with the perceptions of mainstream educational personnel in middle schools and those specializing in cooperative learning. The results indicated a major gulf between the of mainstream educators and those of educators of the gifted. In the case of middle schools, the disagreement focused on the value of ability grouping and the social consequences of being labeled gifted. In the case of cooperative learning, there were major differences across the board on practically all items. The authors conclude that it is in the interest of all concerned to have more extensive dialogue between educators of the gifted and members of the educational reform movement.


Experimental results for the properties of ultrasonic propagation velocity in kerosene-based and water-based magnetic fluids are reported. Ultrasonic wave frequencies of 1 MHz, 2 MHz and 4 MHz are used and the measurement scheme is based on the pulse method. The external magnetic field intensity is varied from 0 mT to 550 mT and the angle between the magnetic field direction and the direction of ultrasonic wave propagation is varied from 0° to 90°. The ultrasonic propagation velocity in magnetic fluids is dependent on temperature, elapsed time of applying the magnetic field, and magnetic field intensity. Hysteresis and anisotropy of ultrasonic propagation velocity are observed. These interesting results seem to be related to chain-like cluster formation in the magnetic fluids and the characteristic period of Brownian motion of the magnetic particles.


This article examines nutrition studies on Korean diets between 1937 and 1945 as a case study on the liaison between nutritional science and total war regimes in the twentieth century. Building on critical scholarship on nutritional science, this article argues that nutritional science—as a scientific governmental technology and racial discourse—served the wartime colonial regime in the Japanese empire aimed at managing the Korean population in the most scientific manner. As a governmental technology, nutritional science produced scientific frameworks and data that shaped state food policies for the efficient mobilisation of Korean diet and labor for war. As a racial discourse, nutritional science construed Korean diets as a scientifically defined nutrition problem. By construing the nutrition problem as an expression of colonial backwardness in need of governmental intervention, nutritional science justified wartime state policies like the school lunch programme as welfare measures to improve the colonial diet and body.


An examination of the use of Mulvey's "male gaze" by a homosexual character in the 2017 adaptation of Beauty and the Beast. Explores the potential of the use of this heteronormative narrative technique in the normalization of homosexuality in film and society.


The article1 to which this corrigendum refers was published in the Journal of Medical Virology 94(8):3876-3889 (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmv.27775) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Urbanization is a continuing phenomenon in the United States. Grasslands, farmlands, forests, swamps, etc. are being continually changed to residential subdivisions, commercial and industrial complexes, roads and streets, parking lots, shopping centers, and so on. One of the side effects of urbanization with which engineers and planners must deal with is the increase of peak flows and volumes of runoff from rainstorm events. As a result, the urban drainage and flood control systems must be designed to accommodate the peak flows from a variety of storms that may occur.


Purpose: despite actions to intensify governance, transparency and accountability, there are still tendencies for government officials to management fiscal and budget results and/ or use political and socioeconomic information and direct their actions to achieve their own benefit, especially aiming for political-party succession. Thus, the aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of budgetary, political and socioeconomic aspects in the re-election of managers and in the reappointment of parties in Brazilian municipalities. Method: data were collected from Brazilian municipalities with a population above 100,000 inhabitants for the electoral cycles of 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. Data were submitted to Logistic Regression with panel data. Results: the probability of political-party succession is influenced by factors related to voters that reward those mayors who make more municipal investments, improving the quality of life of the population, which enable the minimization of inequalities through the transfer of direct income and that have greater chances of establishing cooperation between the other spheres of government through party alignment. Contribution: the theoretical contribution is that informational asymmetry, public choices that involve the influence of human and institutional elements, and the voters' perception of social justice, are factors together that explain the political-party succession. As a practical contribution, it is argued that public administrators can use the state apparatus for their own benefits — leading to influence of the voter's — which does not exercise social participation and/or does not use public and available information for adequate knowledge of the municipal management and governance.


First described by Hallopeau in 1887, lichen sclerosus is a rare chronic inflammatory dermatosis that has a predilection for the ano genital area, although extra genital localisation can occur [1]. The majority of reported cases occurred in Caucasian women, however, the disease has been described in other ethnic groups [2]. Both sexes can be affected with a sex ratio of 10/1 for the genitals and 1/1 for the extra genital Lichen sclerosus [3]. Sclerosing lichen can occur at any age, but has a bimodal peak during infancy and after menopause [2]. In our case it happened in a teenager girl.


A natural disaster with torrential downpour and subsequent flash flood led to worst disaster on 16-17 June 2013 devastating Kedarnath region in Uttarakhand. This region is geomorphologically vulnerable and tectonically active, making the region fragile and prone to disasters. Anthropogenic activities causing changes in land use, land cover, drainage, unplanned construction, unregulated tourism etc. contributed towards enhancing the impacts of this disaster. Continuous precipitation from few days before 16 June 2013 accumulated, but sudden increase in precipitation during 16-17 June 2013 corresponded to massive flooding of rivers. Loss of life, destruction to infrastructure, property and unestimated devastation to the ecology of the region made the disaster to consider as one of the worst disaster that India had faced after Dec 2004 Tsunami. The event was associated with high intensity precipitation causing a flash flood which led to associated debris flow, sediment deposition, blockade, melting of glacier and several landslides. Most of the studies regarding the disaster are based on geomorphological and hydrological aspects but the present study is focused on the meteorological aspect.


Method for controlling a data rate for transmitting data packets in a wireless communication system having a transmitter communicating with at least one receiver and the wireless communication signals using at least one automatic repeat request (ARQ) or hybrid ARQ protocol. Wherein the data packet is assigned to at least one logical channel is mapped to at least one downlink physical communication channel for transmission from the transmitter to the receiver. The receiver transmits the signaling information to the transmitter in the uplink feedback channel. According to the present invention, the data rate control processes the amount received data packets contained in the communication signal is performed based on the current capability of the receiver. Further, the signaling information in the uplink feedback channel includes a control request of the data rate in at least one logical channel. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a receiver and a transmitter configured to perform the control method.


With green and smart manufacturing emergence and development, effective conduct with End of Life (EOL) products is an extremely important and hot research topic. Disassembly line design is a fundamental and complex problem in EOL product recycling and remanufacturing, especially when considering uncertainty. In this paper, we investigate a disassembly line balancing problem (DLBP) with stochastic task processing time to minimize the cycle time. We focus on selecting alternative task processes, determining the number of open workstations and assigning operational tasks to the workstations. A joint chance-constrained programming is proposed and we adopt a distribution-free method, which is based on Markov Inequality, to approximate the chance constraints as the distribution is difficult to fully estimated. Risk-neutral model may provide solutions that perform poorly while considering uncertainty. Therefore, a risk-averse measure called Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR), which is rarely used in the DLBP, is considered in this paper to incorporate decision makers' perspectives. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to consider risk-averse model in DLBP with minimizing cycle time under uncertain task processing time. Finally, computational experiments are conducted and give the impacts by testing different risk levels and confidence levels.


A wide range of perspectives• Multiple outcomes, some long-term ones and those difficult to quantify or express in monetary form• Difficulty to define routine care• Most studies in this area cannot establish causalities• Resource implications for other parts in the system, often savings for other public services such as health, education or criminal justice• Knock-on effects are typical for social care interventions but difficult to capture• Methods still underdeveloped• Information from a diverse range of studies need to be utilised to ...


Primary tumors of the diaphragm are very rare, and we often have difficulties in differentiation from other tumors of adjacent organs. Here a case of fibromatosis originated from the diaphragm is reported.A 15-year-old male student complained of abdominal tumor in the right upper quadrant. The chest X-ray examination showed a mild elevation of the right diaphragm. Ultrasonography and CT scanning revealed an ill-defined large mass at the level of the left inner segment of the liver.A tumor of the liver was suspected and laparotomy was carried out. During surgery a large hard mass was found to arise in the right diaphragm, and to protrude into the abdominal cavity to compress the liver. There was no adhesion nor invasion to the adjacent organs including the liver. The tumor was excised with a part of the right hemidiaphragm and 4 ribs. The excised tumor measures 16×12.5×8 cm and weighed 640 gm.On histological examination this tumor contained the components of a fibromatosis characterized by interlacing pattern of spindle cells and collagen fibers. There has been no sign of recurrence one year after operation.We are able to collect a total of 53 cases with primary diaphragmatic tumor from the Japanese literature. Of the 53 cases fibromatosis was seen only in one case.


Background: There is currently no prognostic test to determine the risk of developing generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) risk in patients who first present with ocular disease. Most studies that report risk factors are flawed by the inclusion of patients on immunosuppression, which is likely to reduce the risk. Objective: To create a prognostic score to predict the risk of GMG. Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort of patients with ocular myasthenia gravis for minimum 3 months, untreated with immunosuppression for minimum 2 years or until GMG onset. Results: One hundred one (57 female) patients were included, with median follow-up of 8.4 years (2–42) from disease onset. Thirty-one developed GMG at median of 1.31 years (3.5 months–20.2 years); 19 occurred within 2 years. Univariable logistic regression analysis produced 3 significant predictors (P < 0.10), adjusted odds ratios in a multivariable logistic model (&khgr;2 P = 0.01) with multiple imputations for missing data: seropositivity, 5.64 (95% CI, 1.45–21.97); presence of 1 or more comorbidities including autoimmune disorders, 6.49 (95% CI, 0.78–53.90); thymic hyperplasia, 5.41 (95% CI, 0.39–75.43). Prognostic score was derived from the coefficients of the logistic model: sum of the points (1 point for the presence of each of the above predictive factors), classified "low risk" if ⩽1 and "high risk" if ≥2. Predicted probabilities were 0.07 (SD, 0.03) for low risk and 0.39 (SD, 0.09) for high risk. Negative predictive value was 91% (95% CI, 79–98), positive predictive value was 38% (95% CI, 23–54), sensitivity was 79% (95% CI, 54–94), specificity was 63% (95% CI, 50–74), area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.64–0.85). Conclusions: In this preliminary study, we have shown by proof of principle that it is possible to stratify risk of GMG: an approach that may allow us to better counsel patients at diagnosis, complement decision-making, and move us toward addressing the question of modifying GMG risk in high-risk patients. Furthermore, the effect of comorbidities is novel and demands further elucidation.


Annulus-shaped compliant pivot, formed by well-proportioned compliant modules between the outer ring and inner ring, can be employed in precision mechanical systems due to good performances. Especially for the multi-series leaves in one module, the annulus-shaped compliant pivot can fulfill a large displacement range without any axial drift in theory. In the design of the annulus-shaped compliant pivot, the load–displacement behavior and the stress analysis with analytical forms are important consideration. However, in the literature, there is few detailed work. In this article, a general annulus-shaped compliant pivot model formed by series–parallel leaves is first analytically established for the load–displacement behavior and the stress prediction. These calculations are based on accurate approximation of a beam flexure. Firstly, a loaded moment is decomposed into universal loads by combining the geometric compatibility condition. The stiffness accurate approximation is then analytically obtained, which provides a simple design strategy. Furthermore, the stresses in every leaf are obtained so that the annulus-shaped compliant pivot with large motion range can be actualized by stress checking. Lastly, the analytical model has been verified by commercial finite element analysis software ANSYS.


Black soil in northeast region of China was used to investigate the effects of glyphosate on soil respiration,soil cultural bacteria,Rhizobium japonicum and Fusarium oxysporum,to provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of environmental safety of glyphosate.The results showed that increasing glyphosate concentration increased the inhibition on soil respiration.When glyphosate concentration in soil were 1mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1 and 100 mg·kg-1,the risk index were 1.20,0.322 and 0.076,which were less than the standard index of 20.Glyphosate influenced quantities of soil fungi and actinomycetes.High glyphosate concentration increased the inhibition to population of soil cultural bacteria.With the extended application of glyphosate,soil fungus,bacteria and actinomycetes populations had been restored.Actinomycetes were more sensitive to glyphosate than fungus and bacteria,and soil bacteria had a strong tolerance or degrading ability to glyphosate.Glyphosate impacted on inhibiting Rhizobium japonicum and Fusarium oxysporum,and the inhibition of Rhizobium japonicum was in direct proportion with the concentration of glyphosate.Low glyphosate concentration promoted Fusarium oxysporum populations,while high concentration inhibited them.The extended application time of glyphosate decreased the inhibition of glyphosate on Rhizobium japonicum and Fusarium oxysporum.


The Thames Barrier is the remarkable piece of twentieth century engineering that protects London from flooding by storm surges. The story of the innovative design of this structure, and of the mathematics behind it, is discussed. Many mathematical challenges at varying year levels may be posed based upon the design and operation of the Thames Barrier. Some suggestions are provided.


Emerson's (1962, 1972ab) power-dependence model has had a profound impact on the manner in which power can be viewed in relationships. However, there has been little empirical work examining Emerson's approach, and even less focused at the individual level. The present study takes a psychological approach to Emerson's theory of power and dependency. The study has two objectives. First, it examines the existence and distribution of dominant power-balancing styles among Indian managers. Second, it begins to validate an approach to operationalizing Emerson's conceptualization ofpower and dependency at the individual level. The study is based on a managerial sample from a cross-section of Indian industries. Findings provide partial support for the predicted relationships among power-balancing styles and other psychological variables. It also provides some support for the construct validity of the instrument used to measure power-balancing style.


Abstract Recent disruptive events, such as earthquakes or floods, have caused severe damage to civil infrastructure systems. Thus, there is a need to extend the focus of traditional design practices to include resilience-based design approaches which can help in defining preventive actions and measures to mitigate the consequences caused by such disruptive events. This paper presents a Civil Infrastructure Resilience Assessment Framework (CIRAF) to assess the seismic fragility and resilience of a single or multiple interconnected civil infrastructure systems following a disruptive event. Once the information regarding the infrastructure system, hazards, fragility functions, component's damage state correlation, recovery models, and upgrade models are identified, then the framework can be used to quantify the loss of functionality, recovery time, repair cost, and overall resilience using a Bayesian Network approach. A state-of-the-art engineering tool is also developed using the framework that would enable the stakeholders to compare different upgrade strategies through an easy to use web interface and thus easing the decision-making process. A case study of a hypothetical nuclear power generation system is used to assess the seismic fragility and resilience using the proposed framework.


For a system suffering from intermittent and permanent faults, various Markov models describing the intermittent and permanent faults are developed. Keeping the transition rate for the permanent fault constant, it is shown that the reliability and mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) of a module under intermittent and permanent faults decrease steadily with an increase in intermittent fault transition rates. However, if one evaluates the reliability and MTTF of a system for only permanent failures, one can find that they have larger values than those seen when both types of faults are present in the system.<<ETX>>


Exempts child care services from the ceiling on the amount payable to States as grants for social services pursuant to the State and local Assistance Act of 1972. (Amends P.L. 92-512)


In this paper, we describe one of the approaches of the participation of Universidade de Évora. Our approach is similar to usual methods where text is preprocessed, features are extracted, and then used in SVMs with cross validation. The main difference is that features used come from averages of word embeddings, specifically word2vec vectors. Using PAN 2016 dataset, we were able to achieve 44.8% and 68.2% for English age and gender classification respectively. We were also able to achieve 51.3% and 67.1% accuracy for Spanish age and gender classification. Finally, we report 71.9% accuracy for Dutch age classification.


Most researches have been done in gas turbine system(Buker, R. S. 1992, Staub, F. W. 1992, Green, T. 1992, Gamabe, K. 1992). However the phenomena for slots on discs in rotating system has not been discussed. In this paper, a 3D incompressible laminar code in cylindrical polar coordinates, based on both a stationary frame and a rotating frame is implemented. Two cases are studied: One is the sealed-rotor stator, and the other is rotor-stator with pre-swirl flow. The computed moment coefficients based on the two frames are within 4.5% of the empirical correlation.


This study is to focus on the status of implementation of bilateral-fishery order based on the Korea-China fisheries agreement and aims to improve fisheries relationship between two countries. Korea-China Fisheries Agreement entered into force in 2001, and serves as a basic framework of the bilateral fisheries order. However, the fishing order between Korea and China has the following limitations. First, it is standstill of joint response for a practical resource management. Second, there are still gaps between the quotas of mutual accord fishing and fishing operation work performance. Third, China`s illegal fishing is taking place consistently. Fourth, the effective cooperation between two countries in fisheries is not carried out. Finally, the Korea has faced difficult situations to adhere to a balanced position in the fishery negotiations due to conflicting positions on China and Japan. In order to solve these problems, the fishing order between Korea and China will be able to maintain the competitiveness of Korean fishery sector by reinforcing Korea`s fishing sovereignty, Korea and China, based on trust and cooperation, will make efforts to improve bilateral fisheries relations to maximize mutual benefit in fishery sector. Specifically, first, the two countries should strengthen the resources management based on the scientific research and the improvement of imbalance of the mutual agreed fishing in EEZ. Second, Korea has to achieve our targeted performance of fishing operation and establish a joint resources management system between two countries in the provisional measure zone. Third, Korea should implement to collect fisheries information about China fishing vessels which are operating in the EEZ of Korea. Finally, Korea and China should be building up effective governance framework for the establishment of fishing order.


Summary mean DCE-MRI variables show a clear dependency between signal and noise variance, which can be shown to reduce the effectiveness of difference assessments. Appropriate transformation of these variables supports statistically efficient and robust comparisons. The capabilities of DCE-MRI based descriptions of hepatic colorectal tumour classification was assessed, with regard to their potential for use as imaging biomarkers. Four DCE-MRI parameters were extracted from 102 selected tumour regions. A multi-dimensional statistical distance metric was assessed for the challenging task of comparing intra- and inter- subject tumour differences. Statistical errors were estimated using bootstrap resampling. The potential for tumour classification was assessed via Monte Carlo simulation. Transformation of the variables and fusion into a single chi-squared statistic shows that inter subject variation in hepatic tumours is measurable and significantly greater than intra-subject variation at the group level. However, reliability analysis shows that, at current noise levels, individual tumour assessment is not possible. Appropriate data transforms for DCE-MRI derived parameters produce an improvement in statistical sensitivity compared to conventional approaches. Reliability analysis shows, that even with data transformation, DCI-MRI variables do not currently facilitate good tumour discrimination and a doubling of SNR is needed to support non-trivial levels of classification


In order to assess and improve the prediction accuracy of existing transition models,numerical investigations on low-pressure turbine cascade T106-EIZ are conducted with five models: laminar,turbulence,shear stress transport(SST) low Reynolds model,k-kl-ω model and γ-Reθ model,by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) software FULENT 12.1.The laminar and turbulence models are used as the baseline models for testing the last three transition models.Their ability to accurately simulate transition and related parameters is also evaluated by comparison with the experimental results.Subsequently,the comparison results and mechanisms of models are analyzed.The results show that no model can accurately predict separated flow transition and wake-induced transition,while the γ-Reθ model is slightly better than the others.A new method of modifying the γ-Reθ model is proposed by correcting the constant ca1 and ca2 in the transport equation of intermittency factor,and the results show that this method is quite effective in improving prediction accuracy.


The sustained and developing construction industry needs a vast amount of material because it is becoming more extensive and sustainable day by day. Problems are also increasing in line with development. Many advanced composite materials and solutions are coming up in the current construction industry to solve these problems. However, these require more comfortable and extensive use. For that, we have to find out cheap and sustainable materials. This research paper aims to combine advanced materials and solutions to create more sustainable solutions and new material. That will enrich the industry and increase more use in the path of development of the construction industry. The factors that have to consider in doing so, these materials and solutions are how much economical, available in the market, able to solve chronic problems, easier to use, and sustainability. Recycled aluminum cans are going to be the material for this study.


All-optical systems for binary to Gray code conversion and Gray code to binary conversion are proposed where the input and output binary digits are expressed as the presence (=1) or the absence (=0) of a light signal. The intensity based optical XOR logic operation is used here to develop the scheme.


RS is a ten-year-old Hmong (Southeast Asian) boy with a long history of hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease and hypertension. His parents clearly cared deeply for their son and had been compliant with treatment, but were suspicious about his medical care and his need to continue dialysis. Without notifying their pediatric nephrologist, they took their son off dialysis and traveled to a medical center several hundred miles away. When RS failed to appear for his appointments, a referral was made to Children's Protective Services (CPS). When RS's records were requested by the consulting medical center, CPS was contacted and they intervened by removing RS from his parents' care and placing him in a temporary foster home. RS resumed his dialysis and his parents cooperated with family reunification counseling and agreed to comply with all required medical care. RS was returned to his family several weeks after placement but this incident clearly increased his parents' distrust of the medical team. Several months later, RS was admitted to the hospital after becoming febrile. The line used for his dialysis was infected with Staph. aureus. A routine chest X-ray revealed a complete opacification of his left chest. A chest tap was performed and it revealed that RS had a hemothorax with old, thickened blood surrounding his left lung. A surgical consult suggested that he would require immediate surgery to clear out the blood so that his left lung could possibly return to function. At first, RS's family agreed to this procedure, but they changed their mind after a few hours and rescinded their consent. RS's family, communicating through a translator, stated that they felt that the blood was the result of RS's poor care by his physician and that the hospital wanted to do the surgery to destroy the evidence. They also communicated a strong desire to have RS receive Hmong shaman intervention to treat his lung. An ethics consultation was requested and the options were reviewed. Some members of the treatment team felt that CPS should remove RS from his family and place him in foster care permanently to assure compliance with medical care. Others were less sure that the hemothorax was treatable with surgery--the blood had been present for quite some time and may have permanently affected his left lung. The hospital has a long tradition in working with children of Hmong ancestry and agreed to invite the shaman to come to the hospital to provide alternative treatment. Traditional Hmong health practices are based on the belief that spirits cause illness and that spiritual healing can remove their harmful influence. Healers in the community specialize in treating various specific spiritual illnesses, using a variety of herbs and roots, which are often boiled and made into a tea. The healer may also tie a spirit string around the wrist of the ill person to ward off harmful spirits, or at times perform animal sacrifices to appease the spirits. As some treatments involve the need for heating or igniting different materials, it was suggested that RS's bed could be moved to a interior courtyard of the hospital during these procedures. However, the Hmong shaman told RS'S family that he felt it would be best if RS were discharged home so that he could conduct the ritual healing on a daily basis over a seven to ten-day period. A second ethics consultation session was held and the physician agreed to discharge RS home for shaman treatment. The family agreed to attend a formal ethics meeting three days after discharge so that everyone's concerns could be aired completely. At the meeting, RS's parents reported that the shaman said that if he successfully treated the lung, the cause of the bleeding was spiritual in nature and they should continue to work with RS's doctors. If he was unsuccessful, RS's family was led to believe that the bleeding was then caused by the doctor's poor practice of medicine and they would not want to continue dialysis. …


[Objective]The research aimed to study the optimum application proportion of organic and inorganic during fertilization process,in order to improve the fruit quality of Fuji apple.[Method]Well-rotted farmyard manures,excrement of livestock and microbial organic fertilizer were mixed in seven different proportions respectively.Internal quality and external quality of apple fruit were determined for different fertilizer treatments.[Result]Internal and external quality of apple fruit were both improved after using organic fertilizer;Percentage of good fruit,Soluble solid content and toughness of apple fruit were all increased;Percentage content of chlorophyll was improved and special leaf weight was increased too after using organic fertilizer.[Conclusion]For considering apple fruit quality,growth situation of fruit tree and soil environment improvement and so on,it was reasonable to use organic fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer and microbial organic fertilizer,and its suitable proportion of decomposed stalk organic manure,inorganic fertilizer,bio-organic fertilizer was 2:1:1.


Objective To observe the effect of three bedding materials that were pine, com cane and straw on the rat's blood biochemical parameters and liver's cytochrome P 450 enzyme system.Methods All SD rats were divided into four groups randomly: pine group, com cane group, straw group and control group. The rats were killed after being raised 1,2,3,4 weeks respectively, and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), cytochrome P 450, cytochrome b 5 and NADPH-cytochrome C reductase were measured. Results Compared GPT, ALB and TP of three experimental groups with those of the control, there was no significant difference (P0.05), and the values were all in normal range. Compared with the control group, pine could induce the cytochrome P 450 enzyme at 2-4 week (P0.05), the values were more than the controls obviously (P0.01). It could induce the NADPH-cytochrome C reducase at 1-4 week (P0.05), with significant difference (P0.01) . The inducement to the cytochrome b 5 could be observed at 2,3 week (P0.05) . Straw could increase the activity of the cytochrome P 450 and the cytochrom b 5 at 2,3 week obviously (P0.05) . The NADPH-cytochrome C reducase increased at 3,4 week (P0.05) . The inducement to the cytochrome P 450 and the NADPH-cytochrome C reducase of corn cane could be observed at 2,3 week (P0.05),while there showed the inducement to cytochrom b 5 only at 3 week (P0.05) . Compared the inducement effect of the corn cane and the straw with the pine, the values of the cytochrome P 450 enzyme of the corn cane group were less than the pine group's at 2,3,4 week (P0.05). The values of the cytochrome P 450 enzyme of the straw group were less than the pine group's at 2,3 week (P0.05). The cytochrome b-5 enzyme of the corn cane group was less than the pine group's (P0.05) at 2 week. The NADPH- cytochrome C reducase of the straw group was less than the pine group's at 2,3,4 week (P0.05), and the difference at 2 week was significant (P0.01). The NADPH-cytochrome C reducase of the corn cane group was less than the pine group's at 3,4 week (P0.05), and the difference at 4 week was significant (P0.01). Conclusion Three bedding materials show no effect on GPT, ALB and TP. Pine has strong inducement to the rat's liver cytochrome P 450 enzyme system. The corn cane and the straw can also show some inducement, but their inducement is lower than pine's significantly.;


Tramo-Seats is a program extensively spread to analysis time series. The use of Tramo-Seats allow to analyse different events that influence the dynamique of the serie through Analyse of Intervention, where the calendar effect and the analyse of outliers are more widespread. This analyse allow to complement the comprehension of tourist activity to isolate the impact of this effects that they have over the inherent evolution. The selection of number of overnight stays at hotels in Aragon have got the aim to illustrate the method of analysis as much the calendar effect as the analysis of outliers complemented by the interpretation of the results, emphasi- zing the measuring of impact of celebration of a great event, the Expo 2008 in Zaragoza or the estimation of number of overnight stays linked to Holy Week or holiday days.


As a government's institution which gives health services, Tabanan General Hospital is one of the regional hospitals which has obtained ISO 9001:2000, meaning that it has fulfilled the standard of the management of quality. Having obtained ISO, its performance is necessarily evaluated both from the financial perspective and the non financial perspective. The problems which are discussed in this research are how good the performance of Tabanan General Hospital was if evaluated from the perspective of Balanced Scorecard such as financial, customers, internal business, and learning and growth perspectives. The performance in the perspective of finance is evaluated with reference to the value for money method, by which the degrees of its economy, efficiency and effectiveness are measured. The performance in the perspective of customer is evaluated with reference to the growth of customer and their satisfaction. The performance in the perspective of the process of internal business is evaluated with reference to the capacity of its infrastructure and the quality of its services. The performance in the perspective of learning and growth is evaluated with reference to the productivity of the staff and their job satisfaction. Based on the analysis carried out, the performance of Tabanan General Hospital from 2004 to 2007 was classified as being economical. However, its performance in 2008 was classified as being not economical. With regard to its efficiency, it was not efficient yet; however, it was classified as being effective. In the perspective of customers, the numbers of customers increased and viewed from their satisfaction, its performance was good enough. Viewed from the perspective of the process of internal business, the increased capacity of the infrastructure and the improved quality of the services, it can be stated that its performance was good enough. In the perspective of learning and growth, which was evaluated with reference to the increased productivity of the staff from 2004 to 2007, its performance fell; however, in 2008 its performance was good which can be seen from the increased productivity of the staff and their improved satisfaction.


In this study, aquatic macroinvertebrates were used as bioindicators to determine the ecological conditions of the Lapa River, located between the municipalities of Cayey and Salinas, Puerto Rico. The water quality of the river was evaluated through the calculation of the Puerto Rico Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP-PR), as well as its degree of contamination using the Puerto Rico Family Biotic Index (FBI-PR). Bimonthly sampling was conducted across four sampling sites for a period of 12 months. The sampling sites were positioned upstream and downstream within the nature reserve, and outside and downstream its borders. The BMWP-PR results showed that the site upstream-inside the nature reserve had good water quality, and the site downstream-inside the nature reserve had regular water quality, showing some areas with eutrophication. The water quality outside-downstream from the nature reserve was poor. The FBI-PR results showed that there was mild organic contamination inside the nature reserve, while there was substantial organic contamination in the site that was outside-downstream from the nature reserve. We concluded that the section of the river located within the nature reserve had better ecological conditions than the stretch of the river located outside-downstream of the nature reserve, because it is located within a protected area that has barely been impacted by human activity.


Photobromination of 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5,6-tetra-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucose or -D-galactose with bromine gives the same mixture of 4-monobrominated compounds from which the D-galacto-epimer can be isolated in ca. 70% yield. 1-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribose similarly gives the 4-bromo-products; the D-ribo-isomer was isolated and the corresponding halogenated derivative was obtained from pentabenzoyladenosine. In each of these series 4-fluoro-analogues were obtained from the initial bromides.


A fastening system including a pin member and a key for engaging the pin member. The pin member includes a shank portion and a recess formed within an end face of the shank portion. The recess includes a plurality of splines and recesses that form first and second bearing surfaces oriented at angles. The key includes a key head having a plurality of splines and grooves that form first and second bearing surfaces oriented at angles. The plurality of splines and recesses of the pin member and the plurality of splines and recesses of the key are adapted to communicate with each other when tightening and loosening the pin member.


Background: As social media usage grows, more patients are turning to various platforms to gain and share medical information. One platform, TikTok, has become immensely popular, with over one billion users. Despite its potential use as an educational tool, TikTok can be unreliable and misleading as a medical information source. Objective: We aim to discuss the information available on TikTok regarding laser treatment for port wine stains (PWS). Methods: Two independent reviewers analyzed 200 TikTok videos with the hashtags #portwinestainlaser or #portwinestaintreatment, examining the video creator's role (e.g., patient, parent, physician, or other), tone towards PWS and treatment options, and content (e.g., educational or non-educational, mention of any treatment risks). Results: Most videos were produced by non-medical professionals (83%), and only a small number discussed the potential adverse effects of PWS treatment options (15%). Conclusion: While TikTok may have a role in educating patients about certain dermatologic conditions and treatment options, it is important to encourage patients to seek medical advice from a qualified medical professional before making any treatment decisions. Furthermore, the future of patient education may need to evolve to include social media platforms.


Interconnected devices require different types of network access to maintain functionality; however, access must also be limited to ensure security. Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) have become a core technology for securely interconnecting devices in a computer network since they can associate devices with various groups. Unfortunately, finding the smallest, most manageable number of VLANs to securely provide necessary interconnections becomes more difficult as the number of devices and security policy complexity increases. This paper investigates the use of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) to discover the minimum number of VLANs, and the associated memberships, necessary for network connectivity and security. Using this approach, VLAN configurations are modeled as chromosomes and a series of selection, recombination, and mutation operations are performed to find suitable VLAN configurations. Since the problem is a multi-objective search, a hybrid Pareto-based fitness measure is developed to rank possible VLAN solutions, where better solutions have fewer VLANs and better security. Simulation results indicate this approach is able to consistently find concise and secure VLAN groups under various conditions, including increasing number of interconnected devices and more restrictive number of required VLANs.


Abstract APHOLATE [2,2,4,4,6,6-hexakis (1-azir-idinyl) - 2,2,4,4,6,6 - hexahydro-1,3,5,2,4,6-triazatriphosphorine], is a derivative of the ethyleneimine group of compounds. A biological alkylating agent, it has been used successfully in feed and by contact to sterilize houseflies (La Brecque, 1961; Knipling, 1962; and others). Since similar compounds have given encouraging results when tested for fly control including a field trial conducted on a poultry farm (La Brecque, 1963), apholate is also a potential chemosterilent bait. Due to the possible accidental ingestion of these baits by poultry, it is of interest to investigate their toxicologic effects. Various hazardous effects of apholate have been investigated in Japanese quail and chicks (Sherman and Herrick, 1966) and mature chickens (Herrick and Sherman, 1966). In the latter paper, it was reported that the subacute feeding of apholate significantly depressed fertility in both cocks and hens. Although certain alkylating agents have shown teratogenic activity on the chick embryo (Murphy et al. . . .


The tax advantages once granted a foreigner using a foreign corporation to invest in United States real estate have disappeared.


The impact of demographic dimensions on local government behavior is well identified, analyzed and documented at the global level. Likewise, several studies are available on developing countries, but empirical evidence on the conditions of Pakistan is lacking. This study is an effort to unearth empirical evidence on access to information in the local government system exemplifying data from the district Dera Ismail Khan (DIK), North Western Frontier Province (NWFP). Most global hypotheses for developing countries are accepted in this study but the statistics on local data are far more different in terms of the value and weight of variables, relationships and impacts on the research concepts. The most dominant concept in the impact of access to information on the local government system is "education for all." Mass education is a leading concept in making or breaking the role of people participation in the success or failure of local democracies. Data show that illiteracy is causing many problems, including the mass population's unawareness of their interests and duties at the public level, thereby giving the ruling elite a free hand in exploiting public resources for self-interest, at the cost of the public good.


In this paper, we study and improve the methodology and procedures on how to build Chinaâ€TMs multi-regional input-output (CMRIO) model from previous ones, and develop the 2012 model. The structure and characteristics of the inter-regional IO model make it difficult to develop simply based on statistical and survey data, thus the scientific estimation methodology of the data is also important. In CMRIO model compilation work, we adopt the survey and non-survey methods and use the inter-provincial trade data from the national IO survey conducted by National Bureau of Statistics and various transportation data. The compilation also relies on each provinceâ€TMs IO table, using the national table as the control totals. The big different of the methodology and procedures from previous CMRIO compilation is that we first conduct the consistency check between the national and provincial tables thus improve the provincial ones, and then we try to modify some control total policy to reduce the discrepancy.


The impact of the Pandemic Covid 19 is felt almost everywhere in the world, including Indonesia. Almost all sectors of life receive and feel the negative impact of the existence of this pandemic, not only the health sector but also the economic sector, education, even religion and worship activities. In the education sector, to break the chain of virus transmission, the Government imposes social restrictions including PJJ (Distance Learning) policy for all students at all levels of education from kindergarten to high school / vocational school. PJJ is conducted online at each home using computer facilities, laptops or smartphones with special applications. This policy is proof that the Government continues to fulfill children's education rights in the midst of a pandemic. In its implementation, PJJ invites various reactions especially from students. Various complaints began to emerge after PJJ was running for a week. Of the 213 complaints reports submitted to the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), the majority of complaints are related to the severity of the assignments given by teachers to students and regarding PJJ that drains energy and internet quota. In addition, the limitations of online learning facilities, become obstacles for students in joining PJJ. This complaint report was confirmed by a survey of 1700 students conducted by KPAI. In another survey conducted by KPAI with FSGI, it was found that the inability and unpreparedness of online teaching teachers was another problem in PJJ. Policy implementation is a crucial stage in the policy process. No matter how good a policy is, it will not succeed if it is not implemented according to plan. This research, which uses a qualitative approach and content analysis method, aims to analyze the implementation of PJJ policies for students during the Covid 19 pandemic. The research is expected to be able to define social reality and provide theory, data, and analysis that can be utilized by the Government in developing education policies in emergencies. Keywords :  Policy implementation, children, covid 19, education, PJJ.


The court in the adversarial process cannot and must not assume the exercise of neither accusatory nor defensive functions, the court proceeds to trial only if the allegations made by the party prosecuting, and resolves it within the charge. The accusatory bias caused by the identification of the court's objectives with those of the pre-trial stage of criminal proceedings (conviction of the perpetrator of the crime, including by collecting sufficient evidence). Guilt is predetermined by the shape and structure of the modern Russian criminal process that is not fully competitive.


Considering the demands imposed by the knowledge society, each organization strives to become an intelligent organization and, by the means of new and innovative Business Intelligence (BI) strategy, to gain a market competition advantage. The new BI era integrates information into the decision process through the means of decision services, relates business processes to business rules that may be changed at any time, and integrates BI benefits to capabilities provided by teamwork, cooperation, and business process management. In this article, I will present a BI solution, implemented through QlikView Application, thanks to which it is possible to analyze the employee expenses.


The message blinding method is the most efficient and secure countermeasure against first-order differential power analysis(DPA). Although cross correlation attacks(CCAs) were given for defeating message blinding methods, however searching for correlation points is difficult for noise, misalignment in practical environment. In this paper, we propose an optimized cross correlation power attack for message blinding exponentiation algorithms. The attack method can select the more correlative power points of share one operation in the modular multiplication by comparing variances between correlation coefficients. Further we demonstrate that the attack method is more efficient in experiments with hardware implementation of RSA on a crypto chip card. In addition to the proposed CCA method can recovery all 1024bits secret key and recognition rate increases to 100% even when the recorded signals are noisy.


We use time-dependent density functional theory and a semiclassical model to study second-harmonic generation in a system comprising a quantum emitter and a spherical metallic nanoparticle, where t...


In this pilot study, we apply satellite image analysis to archaeological site prospection in Alaska's Brooks Range. Our goal was to test whether satellite remote sensing, which has been successful in locating large archaeological features associated with sedentary peoples, could be applied to arctic interior sites associated with mobile hunter – gatherers. In particular, we strove to develop a relatively straightforward and inexpensive model using existing data which could be used to help guide archaeology surveys. Using 1-m resolution IKONOS imagery of Lake Matcharak along the upper Noatak River, we produced a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and tasseled cap transformation of the study area and stacked these fi ve vegetation indices into one image. We then applied unsupervised and supervised classi fi cations to the image fi rst, to test for the presence of a site-speci fi c spectral class and second, determine the nature of that class. Through a visual analysis of the unsupervised classi fi cation, a spectral phenomenon was seen to co-occur with archaeological sites in the study area. The supervised classi fi cation provided a high-resolution land cover map used to identify the signature as the ecotone between un-vegetated sediments and dense willow ( Salix sp.) stands. Dense willow stands along the Lake Matcharak shore visually correlate with most of the known archaeological sites, possibly re fl ecting landformand/orvegetationcharacteristicsthatwouldhaveappealedtopastinhabitants.Themethodsdescribed here could contribute to building better survey strategies and archaeological predictive models for elsewhere in the Brooks Range and Alaska. Published by Elsevier Ltd.


In the process of developing oil fields, wave periodic disturbances are used to increase the flow rate of wells and increase the final oil recovery of layers. In an inhomogeneous medium, in the presence of dissipation and / or dispersion, harmonic oscillations created in the wellbores transform into sawtooth waves with periodic shock fronts. Consideration and use of this circumstance will lead to an increase in the share of recoverable reserves of fields: created by a downward vibrator: external harmonic disturbances converted in a dissipative medium into sawtooth shock waves cause cavitation in a liquid medium, and secondary shock waves generated from collapsing bubbles overcome capillary forces that hold oil residues on the surfaces of voids and cracks. These effects lead to a noticeable decrease in the permeability of the reservoir and a significant increase in the final oil recovery of oil formations.


The potency of four anticoagulant rodenticides viz., brodifacoum, flocoumafen and difenacoum along with bromadiolone at 0.005% cone were evaluated against Rattus rattus under no-choice and choice feeding trial. In both choice and no-choice feeding trials the efficacy of brodifacoum wax block was significantly better than flocoumafen and difenacoum but at par with bromadiolone. In no-choice feeding trial, 100 per cent mortality was achieved with brodifacoum and bromadiolone within 4–9 days observation period but significantly lower mortality was recorded in flocoumafen (80%) and difenacoum (60%). The wax block formulation of difenacoum showed poor palatability as more consumption of plain bait was recorded over poison bait against test animals. Under nochoice test, the poison ingested between male and female was not significant in case of all the toxicants but between brodifacoum and flocoumafen, the difference was significant under choice test. The post treatment consumption of bait was significantly lower in case of brodifacoum and bromadiolone in comparison to flocoumafen and difenacoum. This showed the effectiveness of these two rodenticides (brodifacoum & bromadiolone) against rodent species.


Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to take over the transportation and mobility market over traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles soon. The internal power demands of EVs are expected to increase. The reason for this is to achieve a longer driving range for the EV and to provide the required power for the low-voltage (LV) network auxiliary loads. To illustrate, there are extra added sensors, cameras, and small actuating motors, especially for future autonomous vehicles. Therefore, a new electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture is required to convert the high-voltage (HV) traction battery voltage (e.g., 320–800 V DC) to the standard LV levels with high current ratings of 5 kW and more. This HV-LV DC-DC converter is known in the literature as an auxiliary power module (APM). The standard LV rails in an EV are the 12 V/24 V rail to supply for an instant the EV's lighting and electronic control units (ECUs), while the 48 V rail is required for propulsive loads, such as air compressors and electric power steering systems. Furthermore, in a few applications, this converter is responsible for voltage upwards to support the start of a hybrid vehicle or emergency backup power handling, which requires bidirectional capability. Therefore, in this paper, possible APM topologies for EV applications are presented. In line with this, the main standards and safety requirements of the APMs are presented. Detailed quantitative and qualitative comparisons between topologies and their associated control schemes are discussed. In addition, the placement of the APM in the EV cooling cycle has been investigated and demonstrated. Finally, the industrial trends and future research targets for the APM in automotive applications are outlined.


Integrating life-story work with drama therapy creates new opportunities for the psychological development of older adults. In this conceptual article we suggest five qualities of dramatic reality by which this integration can promote psychological development in old age: its ability (1) to evoke a story, (2) to bring together the personal and the collective, (3) to help in processing unfinished business, (4) to create an integrative view of the self and (5) to open the way to imagining the future. We illustrate each of the five qualities using vignettes from our previous research in the field and show how exploring the life stories of older adults through dramatic reality provides opportunities for active self-exploration in the 'here and now' of the group process in a way that goes beyond verbal life-story work.


In view of the characteristics of the flow noise,created by valves of ships and submarine seawater pipeline systems,the numerical simulation of the inner flow field distribution of outboard valves was accomplished with the common computational fluid dynamics software Fluent.The reason which affects the capability and leads to the noise of hull valve was researched based on the visual results of simulation.The structure of outboard valve was improved,and a new structure of flow field was proposed,which is believed to effectively reduce the minimum pressure,increase the maximum velocity,decrease the maximum turbulent kinetic energy,eliminate eddies,and provide additional benefits to the reduction of the flow noise of outboard valve drastically.Meanwhile,a safe and smooth internal flow channel is proposed for high pressure outboard vale.Guiding suggestions for outboard valve structure and optimization of flow field are addressed.


The carbonaceous mesophase as a precursor to graphitization has beet examined from polynuclear organic compounds, such as anthracene-sulphur and phenanthrene-sulphur systems with the aid of Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and finally by the polarized-light technique. With the continued addition of sulphur-hydrogen mole ratio. the latent heat of fusion (i.e. activation energy) and as such the graphitizability of the carbons have been found to decrease In addition to dehydrogenation, sulphur caused crosslinking between layer planes thus preventing the formation of oriented layers typical of the graphite structure.