Objective To understand the prevalence of malocclusion among middle school students of the Han nationality in Urumqi and to analyze its epidemiological feature. Methods A random sample of 562 students ages 11~19 was surveyed and was classified according to Angle's and Mao's classification of malocclusion. Results The prevalence rate of malocclusion was 73.82% for males and 65.51% for females , the gender difference was significant( P 0.05). Crowding, overjet and individual malposition were common malocclusion, their prevalence rates were 20.46%, 16.38% and 9.07% respectively. According to Angle's classification of malocclusion, type Ⅰwas the most and type Ⅱwas the least. The percentage of students who had history of orthodontic treatment was extremely low. Conclusions The prevalence of malocclusion was very high among middle school students of the Han nationality in Urumqi, The prevention and treatment of malocclusion should be performed as early as possible and the importance of orthodontic treatment should be emphasized among students with malocclusion.


This paper introduced the work principle for testing wood elastic modulus with Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) and the structures of the machine and test technical process, this machine can test fast and accurate .


The prevalence of the "virtualism" style makes more works focus on visual expression, and also limits the development of design creation itself. This paper attempts to explore the creation of ceramic art from the perspective of semiotics, and to carry out a comprehensive and exploratory research based on the symbolic information delivered by the consumer's visual, contact and experience. The author hopes to offer some help with designers in the design and creation, and then innovate more pottery works that have multiple sensory experiences and meet the spirit of the times. Keywords—semiotics; ceramic art creation; transmission of


The theme for the seventh Australian Vocational Education and Training Research Association (AVETRA) national conference, held in Canberra from 17-19 March 2004, was 'Learner & practitioner - the heart of the matter'. Papers presented at the conference included both refereed and non-refereed papers and examined issues such as meeting learner needs, innovation in workplace learning, and current topics and research in vocational education and training. The refereed papers are: Spoilt for choice?: individuals, VET markets and lifelong learning / Damon Anderson; The effectiveness of action research as an organisational change process for improving Indigenous completion rates in mainstream VET / Jo Balatti; Identities of place: their power and consequences for VET / Ian Falk & Jo Balatti; The applicability of networks to Australian adult and vocational learning research / Barry Golding; Scanners, brokers and providers: partners in developing learning programs / Sue Kilpatrick; Is institution based training for the future in the automotive industry?: what the trainees have to say / Kisulu M. Kitainge; Dispositional and maturational development through a competency-based training intervention: getting to the heart of the matter / Derek John Kosbab; Making students and teachers the heart of VET policy / Gavin Moodie; Investigating the employees' decision to participate in vocational education and training (VET): methodological considerations / [Sue O'Keefe, Brian Dollery & Lin Crase]; TAFE managers: juggling educational leadership and accountability / Ann Rice; Metaphor, online technology and recontextualisation in teaching / Ian Robertson; Towards Papua New Guinea's first vocational education degree: reconciling modernism and cultural sustainability / Peter Rushbrook, Edward Wanigasekera; Getting connected: professional development in online learning and flexible delivery for contract and casual VET staff / Michele Simons and Tom Stehlik; From VET to HRD / Andy Smith; Political construction of skill: the effects of policy changes in entry-level training in Australia on participation rates and on the perception of 'skill' / Erica Smith; Developing student agency through VET in schools: the role of structured work placements / Peter J. Smith & Jennifer Dalton; Student fees and charges in VET: the case for reform / [Louise Watson].


No meteorites are truly primitive, in the sense of being pristine collections of interstellar grains or solar-nebular condensates. Nonetheless, some chrondritic meteorites have been so little altered by secondary processing that they are commonly termed primitive and it is almost a definition of such chondrites that they contain significant quantities of carbon. Most of that carbon is of apparently local, i.e., solar-system, origin but a proportion that ranges from trace, in some cases, to minor, in others, is believed to be exotic, i.e., of circumstellar or interstellar origin, and it is upon such material that researchers focus here. The nature of the meteoritic samples and the techniques used to analyse them are briefly discussed and the observational record is surveyed. Clearly, the study of exotic carbon preserved in meteorites has been informative about sites of nucleosynthesis, processes of nucleation and growth of grains in stellar outflows, grain survival in the interstellar medium, and many other topics of astrophysical significance. Much more work, particularly of an interdisciplinary nature remains to be done, however.


Tunneling magnetoresistance in polycrystalline double perovskite Sr2FeMoO6 exhibits many unusual features, which can be efficiently probed by manipulating the tunnel barriers/grain surfaces. Accordingly, many experimental reports appeared on nanosized particles of Sr2FeMoO6 with largely enhanced grain boundary contributions. However, for the first time we report the existence of a spin-glasslike component, along with conventional ferromagnetism, in well-characterized Sr2FeMoO6 nanoparticles, which has been critically confirmed by the perceptible exchange bias effect, observed in these nanoparticles. Our results suggest that the spin-glass component is likely to reside on the surface of each particle, which probably provides useful clues about the unusual tunneling magnetoresistance responses, always exhibited by nanocrystalline Sr2FeMoO6.


A new convenient and effective method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,1-bis(silyl)ethenes is described. The synthetic methodology involves selective silylative coupling cyclization of N-methyl-N-(dimethylvinylsilyl)-2-(dimethylvinylsilyloxy)ethanamine catalyzed by a ruthenium hydride complex and subsequent one-pot reaction of the cyclic bis(silyl)derivative with Grignard reagents followed by alcoholysis. As a result, a variety of 1,1-bis(silyl)ethenes containing different substituents at the silicon atoms were produced in regiocontrolled manner with considerably high efficiency.


An efficient two-dimensional finite-element (FE) model is developed for the calculation of synchronous machine transfer functions. The numerical model uses two equivalent sinusoidally distributed stator windings substituting the actual three-phase machine by an equivalent two-phase one, leading to simplified FE simulations. Just two complex solutions per frequency are needed to obtain the three transfer functions that completely describe the two-port nature of the d axis network. A new FE-based method is proposed to accurately establish the rotor base quantities, allowing the calculated transfer functions to be in per-unit. Results are validated by comparing the performance of a two-axis equivalent circuit, derived from the FE transfer functions, with a reference transient FE program.


International Trade Forum talks with Francis Gurry, Director-General of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), about how small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) can gain from increasing their intellectual property (IP) knowledge.


The vertical displacements Z(t) of fluid elements passing through a source z = 0 at t = 0 in a horizontal mean flow with stably stratified statistically stationary turbulence (with buoyancy frequency N and velocity time-scale T), under the action of random pressure gradients and damping by internal wave motions, are investigated by a model Langevin-like equation, and by a general Lagrangian analysis of the displacements, of the density flux and of the energy of fluid elements. Solutions for the mean-square displacement $\overline{Z^2}(t)$, the mean-square velocity $\overline{w^2}$, and the autocor-relation of the velocity are calculated in terms of the spectrum [Fcy ](s) of the pressure gradient. We use model equations for the momentum of fluid elements and for the exchange of density fluctuations between fluid elements, taking the elements' diffusion timescale to by γ−1 times the buoyancy timescale N−1, where γ is a measurable parameter. In the case of moderate-to-strong stable stratification (i.e. NT [gsim ] 1), we find the following. (i) When there is no change of the fluid elements' density (γ = 0), the mean-square displacement $\overline{Z^2}$ of marked particles ceases to grow when t [gsim ] N−1, and its asymptotic value is proportional to $\overline{w^2}/N^2$, where the constant of proportionality, $\overline{\zeta^2}(\infty)$, is O(1) and a decreasing function of (NT)−1. This result is also shown to be a general consequence of the finite potential and kinetic energy in the stationary turbulence. (ii) If there is a small diffusive interchange of density between fluid elements (i.e. γ [Lt ] 1), the marked particles' mean-square displacement has a slow linear growth (i.e. $\overline{Z^2}\sim\overline{w^2}/N^2(1+O(\gamma^2)tN) $). (iii) Such molecular processes must also dilute the initial concentration of contaminants (e.g. dye or smoke) in those fluid elements that diffuse above the limit in (i). (iv) The mean-square fluctuation of density is proportional to the product of the asymptotic mean-square displacement of marked particles and the square of the mean density gradient $(-{\cal G})\;({\rm i.e.}\overline{\rho^{\prime 2}}={\cal G}^2\overline{Z^2}=\frac{1}{2}\overline{\zeta^2}(\infty ,\gamma = 0){\cal G}^2\overline{w^2}/N^2)$. (v) The flux Fρ of density in a turbulent flow can be expressed exactly as the sum of two terms, the first $\frac{1}{2}(d\overline{Z^2}/dt)\,{\cal G}$, being caused by the growth of the displacements of fluid elements, and the second $\overline{\dot{Z}(\rho + \rho^{\prime})}$ being caused by the mixing between fluid elements. In stable flows, it is shown that the second element is dominant, and $F_{\rho}\sim\gamma\overline{w^2}N\rho_og $ while the first is smaller by O(γ). Previous laboratory and field measurements of $\overline{w^2}, \overline{Z^2}, \overline{\rho^{\prime 2}} $ and Rw(t) are discussed in some detail and shown to be consistent with this model.


This paper examines the novelty of magister Boncompagno da Signa's Liber de obsidione Ancone (1198-1201) in comparison to the communal historiography. Starting from the Boncompagno's biography and works, and from the prologus of the Liber , it emphasizes Boncompagno's autorship as well as his attempt to acquire the writing of history to the domain of academic rhetoric.


Main characteristics of living organisms are motion, excitability, reproduction, adaptation, inheritance, changeability, growth, and development. Living matter is a complex highly-structured system which can sustain the complex structure only by means of continuous work – through metabolism work done to prevent the increase in entropy. The two basic functions that make survival of the living matter are the energy-releasing processes and biosynthesis: metabolism. The functioning of the living systems without exception is based on the use of chemical energy, hence they must have chemical "motors" capable of a continuous use of energy through some chains of autocatalytic cyclic reactions.


When musicians cannot travel to another location where other musicians are, they generally assume that this means they cannot perform music together—even while the technology exists to allow them to do so. The perception that Internet technology is not suited for music performance is due to a lack of exposure on navigating the limitations specific to networked music, along with the cultural belief that latency is incompatible with music performance. Many groups, however, have successfully created networked music performance systems. Such systems are particularly interesting in affording new musical and social opportunities in cases when musicians cannot travel due to restrictions of one kind or another. And while technical and cultural limitations remain to be addressed, networked music can have a highly constructive role in the development of remote communities and isolated musicians by fostering the experience of "being together." We review several case studies where networked music has had a meaningful effect on the socialization of distance-separated musicians. We address a number of features and concerns that limit the adoption of networked music among communities who seek to shrink the perceived distance between musicians, and suggest some approaches that may facilitate their accessibility to the platform. 13 Wilson and McMillan: Being Together—or, Being Less Un-together—with Networked Music Published by Academic Commons, 2019


After rising by more than 13 percent in 1979, the growth rate of the Consumer Price Index has further increased in the first months of 1980.


In this paper a uniplanar wideband loop antenna is presented. The proposed antenna utilizes an inverted Cantor set matrix sequence of thinning and filling, taken by turns. With a 50Ω microstrip feed, an impedance bandwidth of 2–20 GHz (VSWR < 2.5) is obtained. The experimental results of return loss and radiation patterns are presented. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 437–439, 2003


The FCC has authorized two licensees for the digital audio radio service. We consider the relative merits of code division multiplexing (CDM) and time division multiplexing (TDM) for this use. It is assumed that two satellites would be used to cover CONUS to supply diversity as well as multiple same-frequency terrestrial transmitters in selected urban areas. Initially we consider systems with no polarization reuse but then show the improvement that polarization reuse and other techniques to isolate transmission paths brings. But this brings the added expense of multiple down converters. We demonstrate an innovative technique that can eliminate the expense of multiple converters.


In order to achieve the goal of "double carbon" and alleviate the energy crisis, the development of desert new energy base construction has become an inevitable trend. Taking the desert new energy base as the research object, an electricity-carbon-ecological collaborative planning method is proposed. Firstly, the electricity-carbon-ecological coupling relationship of desert new energy base is analyzed. Then, based on the electricity-carbon-ecology coupling relationship, a two-layer model of electricity-carbon-ecology collaborative power planning is established. Finally, the validity of the model is verified by a desert new energy base. The results show that in the desert new energy base, considering the ecological construction cost and ecological benefit has a great influence on the proportion of new energy in the future new energy base, and its influence degree changes obviously with time.


Increasing dependence on rechargeable batteries has led researchers to investigate the characteristics of materials and various crucial parameters, which could enhance their overall performance in terms of stability, charge density, and durability.


ABSTRACT Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also known as granulocytic sarcoma (GS) or chloroma (named for the greenish hue attributed to the pigment of myeloperoxidase [MPO]), is a rare solid tumor with a predilection for the orbit. MS usually occurs in conjunction with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or myeloproliferative disorder (MPS) and may be the harbinger of disease. Therefore, prompt diagnosis is essential for patient survival. We present a rare case of a 61 year old with an isolated orbital MS without active leukemia.


To evaluate drought tolerance, eight pure lines in S6 generation were crossed with two commercial testers, i.e., K36152 and A679 along with two hybrids, i.e., KSC704 and KSC400 (18 genotypes in total), in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications under normal conditions and severe moisture stress were evaluated. Under both conditions, general combining ability (GCA) analysis showed significant differences for some traits, indicating heritability of these traits. The line L6 was recognized as the best line. A679 According to the results of specific combining ability (SCA), crosses L6 K36152 were considered as the best crosses under normal conditions and L10 K36152 crosses as the best crosses under severe moisture stress conditions. L8 line variance, in some traits, there was a According to the analysis of tester significant difference for lines and testers and the mutual effects of tester, indicating that there are additive genetic effects on these line traits. Under both conditions, ear weight, cob weight, and cob length had non-additive effects; thus, heterosis can be used to correct such traits.


I believe this topic includes a wide range of issues, but the time is limited. So, I would like to refer to the questions that were raised by the Japan Medical Association to organize my presentation so that my presentation will be more relevant to this occasion. [Slide 2] Those questions were: 1) Present progress of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the health care area in my country, 2) current status of privacy and personal information protection, 3) the numbering system, and 4) merits and demerits of healthcare supported by ICT. [Slide 3] Upon reviewing these questions, I have organized my presentation into 3 categories: 1) Progress of ICT in the healthcare sector in Korea, 2) current status of privacy and personal information protection, 3) and the merits and demerits of ICT in healthcare. [Slide 4] Now, the first part; the ICT progress in Korea. Let's start from 1988. [Slide 5] We made the national health information network plan in 1988, however there were not very many ICT and Healthcare in Korea: Present and Perspectives*


We study nonlinear parametric Neumann problems driven by the p-Laplacian differential operator. We examine the existence and multiplicity of solutions and of positive solutions, when the parameter is near resonance. We consider two distinct cases. The first when the near resonance occurs from the left and the other when it occurs from the right. Our method of proof combines variational methods based on the critical point theory with Morse theoretic techniques.


Although large disparity stereo matching is critical to the practical application of stereo vision system especially for outdoor scenes, its efficient hardware design is still a grand challenge. Motivated by the discovery that well-designed weighted median filter (WMF) can achieve satisfactory accuracy with simple box-filter aggregation, this paper proposes a separable weighted median filter (sWMF) that only has the computational complexity of O(r) and is independent of disparity range. Moreover, the proposed sWMF can be efficiently implemented as a fully pipelined architecture. Evaluation results demonstrate that, at the penalty of only 0.06% disparity error rate, the proposed sWMF design can save 12.9% Slice LUTs, 76.7% DSPs and 64.0% Block RAMs at the disparity range of 128, compared with previous WMF implementation on FPGA.


High-performance polyimide fibers possess man), excellent properties, e.g., outstanding thermal stability and mechanical properties and excellent radiation resistant and electrical properties. However, the preparation of fibers with good mechanical properties is very difficult. In this report, a biphenvl polyimide from 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,4'-oxydianiline is synthesized in p-chlorophenol by one-step polymerization. The solution is spun into a coagulation bath of water and alcohol via dry-jet wet-spinning technology. Then, the fibers are drawn in two heating tubes. Thermal gravimetric analysis, thermal mechanical analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) are performed to study the properties of the fibers. The results show that the fibers have a good thermal stability at a temperature of more than 400degreesC. The linear coefficient of thermal expansion is negative in the solid state and the glass transition temperature is about 265degreesC. DMA spectra indicate that the tandelta of the fibers has three transition peaks, namely, alpha, beta, and gamma transition. The alpha and gamma transition temperature, corresponding to the end-group motion and glass transition, respectively, extensively depends on the applied frequency, while the beta transition does not.


S7 protocol defines an appropriate format for exchanging messages between SIMATIC S7 PLCs and their corresponding engineering software i.e., TIA Portal. Recently, Siemens has provided its newer PLC models and their proprietary S7 protocols with a very developed and sophisticated integrity check mechanism to protect them from various exploits e.g., replay attacks. This paper addresses exactly this point, and investigates the security of the most developed integrity check mechanism that the newest S7CommPlus protocol version implements. Our results showed that the latest S7 PLC models as well as their related protocols are still vulnerable. We found that adversaries can manipulate two hashes that play a significant role in generating keys and bytes for the encryption processes implemented in the S7CommPlus protocol. This allows to reproduce S7 packets and conduct several attacks that eventually impact the operation of the target PLC and the entire physical process it controls. To validate our findings, we test all the attack scenarios presented in this work on a cryptographically protected S7 PLC from the 1500 family which uses the S7CommPlusV3 protocol.


The reliance on volunteers for the delivery and administration of sport within the United Kingdom is gaining increasing attention. For example, two out of the eleven priorities in Sportscotland's strategic plan relate to the importance and development of volunteers (Sport Scotland, 2003). Similarly, Sport England identifies the enormous contribution made by volunteers. A recent report (Taylor et al, 2003) states that nearly 6 million people volunteer in sport related activities each year. This contribution amounts to over 1.2 billion hours and is estimated to be worth over £14 billion. Despite this recognition, research within the UK has been inclined to focus more on how many people volunteer rather than why they choose to do so. If sport is to continue to be dependant on the actions of volunteers, then it is vital that there is some understanding of the characteristics of such people, and the motivations that underpin their involvement in sport. Therefore, the focus of this research was to examine how the motivation of the volunteer changes over the course of their involvement in sport.


14C-tracer experiments revealed that both endogenous and exogenous substrate was incorporated in the fructosans synthesized in leaf disks during incubation on phosphate-buffered sugar media. At least some of the endogenous substrate was derived from a source which was insoluble in 80% ethanol at the start of the incubation period. Endogenous and exogenous substrates were distributed in the fructosans in a pattern which was qualitatively similar regardless of the type of sugar supplied exogenously. A complex relationship was exhibited between the specific activity of various fructosan oligomers, expressed on a gram basis, and their chain length. However, expressed on a molar basis, the specific activity of the fructosyl tail portion of each homolog appeared to be linearly related to the number of hexosyl residues that it contained. Such a relationship suggests that enzymes similar to the Jerusalem artichoke tuber transfructosylases are present in leaf disk tissue after 72 h incubation and indeed may functi...


ABSTRACT After‐image transfer was evaluated with respect to the type of occlusion used as the after‐image is generated. Practical uses of an occlusion technique which eliminates anomalous after‐image transfer in patients with anomalous correspondence are discussed.


To investigate whether monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow are useful as a therapeutic marker in AL amyloidosis, serial jlow cytometry was performed in five patients with this disorder before and ajier chemotherapy. Four patients were treated with 2 or 3 courses of VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethazone) and subsequently with high-dose melphalan followed by auto-PBSCT. The remaining one patient was treated with two courses of VAD alone. Before treatment all patients exhibited a CD19-CD56+ subpopulation, which indicated monoclonal plasma cells, in varying degrees. After treatment all patients showed a decrease in monoclonal plasma cells in accordance with the disappearance of M-protein in serum and or urine. In two patients treated with VAD followed by auto-PBSCT, polyclonal (CD19+CD56-) and total plasma cells gradually increased in the follow-up study while monoclonal plasma cells stayed at less than 0.3% nine months after treatment. No apparent correlation was found between altered maturation of plasma cells and disappearance of M-protein. With respect to easy detection of monoclonal plasma cells producing amyloidogenic M-protein, flow cytomehy of bone marrow aspirates is useful and reliable in the follow-up of patients with AL amyloidosis and in the evaluation of the effects of chemotherapy.


An integrable low voltage bipolar translinear-based temperature dependent current source is presented. The circuit operation is in the current mode, and the output current is directly proportional to temperature and can be varied by external currents. The circuit can operate with a low DC single power supply voltage of 2.0 volts. The circuit is applied to a first-order low-pass filter which is based on a bipolar current mirror. The SPICE simulation shows quite good performance of temperature compensation.


The purpose,significance and methods of ethylene cracking furnace product content calibration were introduced in thispaper.A 100 kt/a ethylene cracking furnace operation optimization was used for example,the product content from the crackingfurnace under different operating conditions were calibration and then optimized the operation conditions according to the calibration results.The result showed that the cracking furnace outlet temperature was reduced from 815 ℃ to 805 ℃,and the mass fraction of ethylene and propylene was improved by 0.84 percentage after optimization.


OBJECTIVE:To analyze the utilization of traditional Chinese medicine injections in a hospital of Guangzhou during four years so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use.METHODS:The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine injections from 2007 to 2010 were analyzed statistically in respect of consumption sum,DDDs,DDC and order ratio.RESULTS:The consumption sum of traditional Chinese medicine injections increased year by year with annual incremental rates of 90.10% in 2008,23.68% in 2009 and 19.10% in 2010,respectively.The consumption sum of traditional Chinese medicine injections from 2007 to 2010 occupied 8.46%,8.86%,8.78% and 9.13% of total,respectively.The antineoplastic agent Kang'ai injection took the lead in both consumption sum and DDC.The cardiovascular system drug-Peisiting injectable powder steadily took the lead in DDDs over the four years.CONCLUSION:The consumption sum and amount of traditional Chinese medicine injections in this hospital increased rapidly.It should be emphasized to determine the treatment based on differentiation of symptoms and signs in clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine injections in attempt to enhance curative effect while reducing incidences of adverse reactions.


We propose a laser-driven near-solid density nano-structured micro-reactor concept operating with mixed nuclear fusion fuels. The micro-reactor is capable of making use of a range of neutronic and aneutronic fuels. Its core parts consists of an embedded nanoscopic nuclear fuel based laser-driven nano-accelerator that is capable of producing non-thermal fuel distributions almost instantly.


A modified form of laser direct writing has been applied to phase compensate reflecting array correlators (RAC). Accurate spatial correction patterns were written by directed laser light, trimming the phase response characteristics of a 3600 TB (time-bandwidth) RAC delay line fabricated on YZ lithium niobate. The resulting time sidelobes were suppressed to -44 dB.<<ETX>>


In current seismic design practice, the response modification factor (R-factor) is used as a factor to reduce the elastic base shear demand to the design force level. As is well-known, the R-factor is a committee-consensus factor and, as such, highly qualitative and empirical. The relationship between the R-factor and the connection rotation capacity available in a particular structural system has remained a missing link. In this paper, a rational procedure to evaluate the R-factor is proposed. To this end, the relationship between the available connection rotation capacity and the R-factor is defined and quantified using nonlinear pushover analysis. An RRS steel frame designed according to IBC 2000 was used to illustrate and verify the proposed procedure. Nonlinear time history analysis results indicated that the R-factor definition proposed in this study is generally conservative from design perspective.


The crystallization temperature, vapor pressure, density, viscosity, and specific heat capacity for the ternary system of LiNO3/[BMIM]Cl/H2O with a mass ratio (LiNO3:[BMIM]Cl) of 2:1 were measured. The crystallization temperature was measured from w = 0.65 to 0.75. The vapor pressure was measured from w = 0.55 to 0.75 and 298.15 to 416.45 K. The density, viscosity, and specific heat capacity were measured from w = 0.55 to 0.75 and 293.15 to 373.15 K. Regression equations for the measured values were obtained by a least-squares method. Results showed that LiNO3/[BMIM]Cl/H2O had vapor pressure nearly identical to that for LiNO3/H2O at a 10% lower mass fraction. The crystallization temperature for LiNO3/[BMIM]Cl/H2O was much lower than that for LiNO3/H2O with the same absorption ability. LiNO3/[BMIM]Cl/H2O has a great potential as an alternative working pair.


Abstract The case of the soapstone bird has mobilized many stakeholders in Belgium, Germany and Zimbabwe and illustrates some of the dynamics involved in the repatriation and restitution of cultural property to countries of origin. As the Executive Director of the National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe (NMMZ), the author was one of the key players in efforts that culminated in the return of the Great Zimbabwe Soapstone Bird from Germany to Zimbabwe, albeit 'on permanent loan to National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe'. The issues of 'permanency of loan' and 'legal ownership' have yet to be resolved at the global level; this article examines some aspects of these issues.


The invention discloses a bacillus strain, which is renamed as Bacillus licheniformisu¼with its preservation strain name: Bacillus licheniformis ZJUEL31410u¼ preservation unit: Chinese microbe cultrue preservation management committee common microbe center, preservation date: 2005-6-23, preservation number: CGMCC 1397. Said bacillus strain is used to produce elastase, whichi is used for the rejuvenation of animal meat, or the hydrolysis of silkworm chrysalis or colubilized silk.


From the Publisher:

Most troubleshooting books concentrate on upgrading-and usually hardware at that. This book concentrates on solving problems-whether they are software, hardware, or operating system problems. The problems are the ones that Dan Gookin hears most often-the most frequently mentioned problems from his readers.Provides the background to understanding the differences between hardware and software errors and learning about the computer's startup sequence to help diagnose and fix common startup problems.Fix irritable error messages, slow PCs, internet and email problems, shutdown errors, and other common PC problems.Covers not only common disk problems, but also concentrates on using disk tools to improve disk performance, and preventative maintenance techniques.Techniques to avoid disaster: system restore, backup, disk cleanup, and virus protection.Tools and utilities provided by Windows to help troubleshoot your computer.

Author Biography: Dan Gookin is the proud author of the first "For Dummies" book: DOS For Dummies, which hit the shelves in 1991. Before writing that book, he was a computing columnist, magazine editor, frequent radio talk show guest and computer book author. Dan is now a full-time author with several For Dummies books to his credit including PCs For Dummies, Word For Dummies, and C For Dummies as well as several more titles in the popular series.


The invention discloses a kind of floating marine formula complex platforms driven by green energy resource, including semisubmersible platform main body and the sustainable power supply system being arranged in semisubmersible platform main body, ocean observation system, comprehensive test system, docking system, ocean communication and relay system, freshwater system and recycling organic waste and recovery energy system.The present invention using large-scale semi-submersible type wave-energy power generation platform as carrier, construction by wave energy+solar energy+energy storage+standby diesel-generator unit at the sustainable power supply system in sea;Seabed, underwater, the water surface, sky detecting devices and instrument are carried, general and special equipment is configured, complete observation equipment dispensing, operation, recycling support system is formed, ensures the safe and efficient operation under various working of scientific investigation equipment;Multiple research cabins such as integrated gas hydrates, the hydrology, meteorology, form ocean complex laboratory, have and carry out the experimental condition of scientific research for a long time in off-lying sea.


Crab shell, an abundant food waste and high volume organic resource, has been used to synthesize oxygen-enriched activated carbon. The thermal stability, surface area, morphology and surface chemical composition were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The obtained activated carbon had a high surface area of 3442 m2 g−1, large pore volume of 2.327 cm3 g−1 and rich surface oxygen species of 18.50 at%. The cyclic voltammogram, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests were performed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the resultant carbon electrodes. The specific capacitance was 280.6 F g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 and still remained as high as 233.4 F g−1 even at a high current density of 10 A g−1, indicating the great potential of crab shell-activated carbons in the development of electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors.


In this paper, we propose a description method of conditions of rope using a topological model and knot theory. And, we also propose a recognition method to obtain the structure of rope from visual information obtained by the CCD cameras when a robot manipulates a rope. There are many deformable objects such as papers, clothes, and ropes in life space of a person. Robots need skills to manipulate deformable objects, in order to take active parts in such space. However, it is difficult for robots to manipulate deformable objects well and possibility of failure to operate deformable objects cannot be denied. Therefore theoretical framework of error recovery for deformable object manipulation is required. For error recovery system, it is necessary to abstract profitable data from deformable objects, which are hyper degrees of freedom structures. Finally, effectiveness of methods are confirmed by experiments


The international consumption of education service trade has developed rapidly and the competition has become sharply.However,the international education service trade in Hebei is lingering at a low level.In order to promote the international education service trade,Hebei should strengthen its quality,cultivate its uniqueness,and solve the education fund.Efforts should be taken to organize teaching and research in accordance with foreign students′ characteristics.Meanwhile,traditional education concept should be reoriented,and the competitive concept of education market must be established.


Ectopic cervical thymus (ECT) is an extremely rare congenital lesion in infants presented with cervical masses. On Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), these lesions demonstrate identical echotexture and signal intensities as native thymus. Thus, both US and MRI are appropriate imaging modalities for the diagnosis of ECT. To illustrate the unique characteristics of these masses, we describe the case of bilateral ECT in a 3-month-old boy with corresponding US and MRI findings. We consider, particularly, on the basis of the typical US appearance of thymic tissue, one can confidently preclude the need for biopsy or other imaging modalities to establish that a discovered lesion is ectopic thymus tissue.


On looking back over the last thirty years, one sees that it was principally Fell of Buffalo, Matas and Parham of New Orleans, Green and Janeway of New York, Quenu and Tuffier of Paris, and Garre, Kuttner, Friedrich and Sauerbruch of Germany, the latter then assistant at von Miculicz's surgical clinic in Breslau, who in their combined though independent pioneer work laid the foundation for the structure soon to be erected, and gave the principal impetus to the evolution of thoracic surgery in its present modern garb. True enough, even before that, the chest had frequently been incised with impunity without the help of apparatus designed for the avoidance of the acute pneumothorax. The surgeon had simply taken a chance, because methods for the definite exclusion of such an occurrence, with its possible fatal result, were not known at that time. The opening, with perfect safety and pursuant to a


This article focuses on L'Alcorano di Macometto , written by Giovanni Battista Castrodardo from Belluno (1588 ca.-1517 ca.), and published by Andrea Arrivabene at Venice in 1547. Although this text is considered to be a paraphrase of the Latin translation of the Qur'ān made by Robert of Ketton (1143 AD), a closer look shows that it was a handy pocket encyclopedia of the history of Islam and the Ottoman empire. Following a suggestion of Alessandro D'Ancona (1889), I analyze the historical texts published in the introduction to the Alcorano and especially Castrodardo's biography of the prophet Muḥammad. This biography includes a prayer addressed to Muḥammad through the character of the monk Sergio-Bahīrā in order to persuade him to dethrone Emperor Heraclius. A deep linguistic analysis of this speech sheds light on Castrodardo's reading of Machiavelli. While this new portrayal of Muhammad is based on medieval sources, it presents the Prophet of Islam as a distinctly Renaissance Prince, a lawgiver and a "Prophet Armed". It also reflects the pro-Ottoman and anti-Imperial hopes of Italian circles linked to the French embassy in Venice.


The cooperative MIK project SOLEIL / MAX IV started in 2012 and is part of the Franco-Swedish scientific collaboration agreement, signed in 2009 and followed by framework agreements signed in 2011. The MIK is a particular electromagnet using theoretical principles of the 1950s and recently used by the new generation of synchrotrons to significantly improve the Top-Up injection of electrons into the storage rings. Indeed, this type of magnet can drastically reduce disturbances on stored beams and also offers substantial space savings. The MIK is a real opportunity for synchrotrons wishing to upgrade their facilities. One of the first MIK developed by BESSY II in 2010 gave significant results. These results motivated SOLEIL and MAX IV to develop together their own MIK. Many technical challenges have been overcome in the area of mechanical design and manufacture as well as in magnetic and high voltage design of the MIK. Currently the first series is in operation at MAX IV and displays already outstanding performances. Optimization work is in progress.


Il palm leaf powder (OPLP), an agricultural solid waste was used as adsorbent for the removal of copper (II) ions after modification with an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), CH3(CH2)11C6H4SO3Na. The copper (II) ions adsorption is highly dependent on pH and maximum removal was observed at pH 6, above which copper (II) started to precipitate. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted into the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm model fitted well to data with 0.989 regression coefficient (R2). The kinetics of the adsorption of copper (II) ions onto the surfactant-modified OPLP was best described by a pseudo-second-order model. Comparison of this SDBS-modified-OPLP to previously investigated adsorbents showed comparably good result, offering this material as a promising adsorbent for the treatment of waste waters containing lower concentrations of copper (II) ions.


The invention relates to a fastening device for a plug connection with two connecting parts, comprising a first part (1) having a first terminal part (2) and a second part (3) with a second connecting part (4). Here, the first part (1) has an axle (5) with a central axis (8) and the second part (3) via an axle bearing (6) for the axle (5), wherein the second part (3) about a by the axle bearing (6) fixed central axis (8) is pivotable from a removal position into a final position, wherein a distance d¶1¶ a central axis (16) of the first connecting part (2) and a distance d¶2¶ a central axis (17) of the second connection part (4) to the pivot axis are the same. DOLLAR A in order to avoid tilting and permanent deformation during mating flush the first connection part (2) is always during pivoting to the second terminal portion (4). DOLLAR A The fastening device according to the invention is particularly suitable for simple production of connectors in the clinical field, because in the clinical area, a secure connection is paramount.


TrackSphere LC-100 was used to determine the crawling rules between the target pest( Heliothis armigera) and the non-target pest(Prodenia litura) in Bt cotton field and crawling capability which were feeded on the Bt Protein in the study. The results showed that, the stops of immature H. armigera became more with the instars increased, and the crawling capability in the daytime was stronger than that of night, while immature the P. litura was just the opposite, with the instars increased, the stops became fewer, and the difference among the instars became more significant. Bt protein had a greater impact on the crawling capability of H. armigera than that of P. litura. This effect mainly existed in the young stage. Also Bt protein could promote the crawling capability of H. armigera and P. litura in a certain concentration range and had the inhibition exceeding the concentration. These results will provide important scientific basis for continuing to understand crawling rules about the two pests and study Heliothis armigera control and reason of P. litura thriving again.


The use of protective covers, such as high tunnels, is recognized as an effective technology to reduce rain-induced fruit cracking in sweet cherries; however, there is a lack of information concerning the effects of this production system on the fruit's mineral concentration, quality, and postharvest life. This study assesses the feasibility of using high tunnels on 'Santina' sweet cherries under the Mediterranean climate of the Central Valley of Chile to obtain earlier harvests of high-quality fruit with long storage life. The study included two plots: Plot 1 during the 2018/2019 growing season, and Plot 2 during the 2019/2020 growing season. High temperatures and relative humidity inside the high tunnels during bloom and fruit set decreased fruit yield, particularly in Plot 1. On average, trees inside the high tunnels were harvested 11 days earlier than those in the open. Fruit from covered trees were significantly larger (13%) and softer (10%) than those from the outside. Fruit quality characteristics, such as soluble solids concentration and titratable acidity, were not affected by high-tunnel-protected cultivation. Fruit from covered and uncovered trees maintained the firmness differences obtained at harvest between treatments, but showed similar postharvest quality after 45 days at 0 °C and a further 3 days at 20 °C on the other characteristics. The covered fruit had lower Ca concentrations (7.7 mg 100 g−1) and higher K:Ca, Mg:Ca, and N:Ca ratios. Significant relationships were found between Ca or K:Ca and fruit firmness at harvest. Lower Ca concentrations in the fruit may explain the lower firmness of fruit grown under plastic covers. There were no differences between covered and uncovered cherries in either cracking susceptibility or induced pitting. 'Santina' cherries were very sensitive to pitting damage, but this is not associated with the fruit's Ca concentration. The results obtained show that high tunnels influenced fruit yield, development, and quality, and emphasize that the fruit's Ca concentration under this growing condition plays a significant role in the firmness of 'Santina' sweet cherries.


We aim at finding the minimal set of fragments that achieves maximal parse accuracy in Data Oriented Parsing (DOP). Experiments with the Penn Wall Street Journal (WSJ) treebank show that counts of almost arbitrary fragments within parse trees are important, leading to improved parse accuracy over previous models tested on this treebank. We isolate a number of dependency relations which previous models neglect but which contribute to higher accuracy. We show that the history of statistical parsing models displays a tendency towards using more and larger fragments from training data.


This work  deals with the data receiving from sensor nodes without any delay. The data receiving time is increased with the mobile communication. The section runs with RTOS and LPC2148 as master node to which sensors are connected. Communications  between the military section and robot section through mobile communication technique. This  is an RTOS based architecture designed for mine detection I uses scheduling to avoid the delay between one application with another. We mobile communication is used to receive the condition of the border level .This is  done all at a time without any time delay.


Hardness tester for testing the hardness indentation, with a displaceably guided, beaufschlagbarem with the respective test load carriage (12) to which a pivoting body (14) carrying holders (16) with penetrators (17) is pivotally supported, wherein the pivot body (14) extending about a transversely to the displacement direction of the carriage (12) pivot axis (15) is pivotally and adjustably, characterized, that the pivoting body (14) arranged between two cheeks (27, 28) and the cheeks (27, 28) about its pivot axis (15) is pivotally mounted.


Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects up to 20% of the pediatric population, with a growing prevalence over the past 30 years. Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are commonly used as a first‐line topical therapy for AD and are prescribed in 59% of all AD visits. However, some topical corticosteroids are prescribed outside of their age range indications. This paper aims to explore the frequency with which topical corticosteroids are prescribed for AD outside of their FDA‐approved age range.


Public Health (CDPHE) and Environment's Health Statistics and Colorado Responds to Children with Special Needs Sections provided outcome data for this study. CDPHE specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions. Abstract Background: Birth defects are a leading cause of neonatal mortality. Natural gas development


ABSTRACT This article gives an overview of the literature on war termination both in the fields of behaviouralism social sciences and policy-oriented strategic studies. It identifies shortcomings and problems related to both lines of research. The main problem is the undifferentiated and indiscriminate use of the term 'war'. The article proposes a categorisation of wars that could form the basis for more thorough research on the topic of war termination.


This report presents a number of case studies using the computer software package FORECAST MASTER (FM). The series studied and forecast are, aggregate monthly California Electricity Sales, system energy demand data from Ontario Hydro, peak demand data for the residential and commercial customers of Georgia Power Company, Massachusetts Electric commercial sales, Narragansett Electric commercial sales, average and peak demand using Georgia Power Company data. A variety of methods have been studied by each of the contributing authors; trend line fitting, exponential smoothing, Box-Jenkins univariate forecasting, vector autoregression, state space modeling, dynamic econometric models including time-varying parameters and general order serial correlation corrections. Thus both the data sets and the modeling/forecasting methodologies are varied. A number of conclusions emerge from these case studies: FM provides a powerful set of tools to aid a utility forecaster, a great deal of caution should be exercised in pre-processing the data; it can have unintended side effects, diagnostic tests are very useful in econometric models, the Akaike Information Criterion is a useful measure for selecting the best state space model, and state space and econometric approaches both need equal amounts of care in model analysis and presentation.


Objectives:  To estimate the distribution of inter‐aural sensorineural hearing threshold level differences in the non‐noise‐exposed adult population of the UK.


The influence of surface texture pattern, i.e. distance between spherical bumps on the scratch behavior of injection molded polypropylene and polycarbonate has been investigated using a progressive load scratch test according to ISO 19252. The results show that the scratch properties can be enhanced when the distance between spherical bumps decreased. To understand the influence of distance between spherical bumps, polarizing optical microscope was used to observe the subsurface deformation. It was found that the size and depth of the deformation zone become smaller and shallower when the distance between spherical bumps decreased. This is the evidence that less stress concentration was generated under a scratch tip when the distance became shorter. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 52:1862–1867, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers


Hakea (Proteaceae) has winged seeds that rely on wind movement for dispersal, with seed dispersal being most effective in a post-fire environment. Seeds from 14 southwestern Australian species (8 fire-killed, 6 resprouters) had their seed mass, wing loading, and terminal falling velocity recorded to determine if a) overall relationships existed between seed properties and seed aerodynamics, and b) if seed dispersal was inherently different between the two post-fire persistence strategies. An increase in seed wing loading, calculated as the mass divided by area of the winged seed, resulted in an increase in seed terminal velocity. Using terminal velocity data to estimated initial seed dispersal distance, Hakea seeds have the potential to be dispersed up to 5 m from a parent plant, assuming seeds dispersed from less than 1.5 m above ground, and prevailing wind speeds of no more than 5 m s -1 . However, under field conditions Hakea seeds are dispersed up to 20 m from the nearest adult. Secondary dispersal, the movement of seeds across the ground, is therefore more important in explaining Hakea post-fire dispersal patterns, and is a function of seed mass, prevailing surface wind conditions and the occurrence of litter microsites. Despite detecting no significant difference in wing loading or terminal velocity between fire-killed and resprouting in this study, field observations suggest that seeds of resprouter Hakea species tend to disperse their seeds further away from the parent plants.


Summary Genetic traits in Poncirus trifoliata (Rutaceae) are known to confer resistance to colonization by the Asian citrus psyllid, but field surveys indicated these traits were not expressed in any of 24 simple hybrids between P. trifoliata and sweet orange. No resistance to colonization by the psyllid was observed in 14 other types of P. trifoliata hybrids. Three citrumelo hybrids appeared to be resistant in 1 survey, but in another survey, none of 6 citrumelos exhibited resistance. Interestingly, colonization was somewhat reduced on a hybrid with P. trifoliata in the pedigree of both parents, suggesting the possibility that traits suppressing oviposition may be recovered through similar crosses.


Introduction Comprehensivearrangements for the documentation of educational non-book (media) materials are currently being set up in the UK. Bibliographic information collected by some of the national media cataloguing agencies is being put into a computer in standard format, and the computer will be used to provide a range of outputs and retrieval services. Already three national, specialised catalogues are being produced in this way, and the database is expected to expand rapidly. It is not intended, at least for the time being, to publish a total catalogue of all media materials.


Large frequency deviation during transient progress has effects on system stability, primary components security and products quality. Online monitoring and security analysis on frequency based on the wide-area measurement system have great significance. A wide area data collecting system from 220V user side is introduced. A method to quantitatively assess the transient frequency deviation security is presented, which takes into account the frequency deviation cumulative effect. The implementation of online security assessment of transient frequency deviation is described in detail, including data filtering, online computation of security margin, automatic alarming of security broken, etc. According to collected data from the actual operation of power system, the state of frequency has been statistically analyzed. The system is playing an important role in large scale power dynamics analysis, and is a helpful complement to numerical simulation.


In the present investigation, iron-manganese-nickel ternary dextro-tartrate crystals have been grown by single diffusion reaction gel growth technique in hydro silica gel.Crystals having green colourand spheruliticmorphology were grown within the gel column. The grown crystals were subjected to powder X-ray diffraction technique to study cell parameters and crystalline nature of iron-manganese-nickel ternary dextro-tartrate crystals. FTIR spectroscopic analysis was performed to identify the presence of various functional groups in the iron-manganesenickel ternary dextro-tartrate crystals


Synthetic chiral light fields were recently introduced as a novel source of chirality [Ayuso et al., Nat. Phot. 13, 866 (2019)]. This locally-chiral light spans a three-dimensional polarization that plots a chiral trajectory in space-time, leading to huge nonlinear chiral signals upon interactions with chiral media. The degree of chirality of this new form of light was defined, characterized, and shown to be proportional to the chiral signal conversion efficiency. However, the sign of the light's chirality – its 'handedness' – has not yet been defined. Standard definitions of helicity are inapplicable for locally-chiral light due to its complex three-dimensional structure. Here, we define an unambiguous handedness for locally-chiral fields and employ it in practical calculations.


The participation of college students through work-study mechanisms has important implications in the security management in Colleges and Universities.However,we can not deny that there is some weakness in the mechanism.So,we preliminarily investigated the status and the problems in the practices of the work-study in security department of colleges and University,and proposed the countermeasures.


Interspecific differences in tree performance due to variation in resource availability are expected to influence the structure and dynamics of tropical forest communities. Patterns of mortality and growth over 32 mo in 11 species of Macaranga were analyzed to investigate factors influencing tree spatial distributions and the dynamics of early successional communities. Tree performance was assessed in relation to variation in light levels, soil texture, and tree ontogeny. Rates of mortality and growth varied by over an order of magnitude among species. Species common in high-light microsites had higher mortality and growth rates. Higher low-light mortality for these species reflected lower shade tolerances, supporting the view that shade tolerance involves a trade-off between high-light growth and low-light mortality.

Logistic and multiple regressions were used to test for independent effects of tree size and microenvironment on performance in the 11 species. Mortality and growth were significantly related to tree size in nine and eight species, respectively. Higher mortality and lower growth rates for juvenile trees were common. Despite positive correlations between light availability and tree size, mortality rates increased in three species, and growth rates decreased in four species at larger tree sizes. This pattern was particularly strong in smaller statured shade-intolerant species and may reflect changes in biomass allocation following reproductive onset. Declines in growth at larger tree sizes for only some species resulted in changes in species' performance rankings through succession.

Low-light mortality rates were strongly correlated with species' distributions in the forest with respect to light levels, whereas biases in distributions with respect to soil texture were not supported by differential mortality. For all trees pooled and in several species, growth showed a threshold response to light levels, being light-limited in low light but not in high light. Across all light levels, soil texture significantly influenced growth in six species. Five species and all trees pooled had significantly lower growth on the more nutrient-poor and potentially drought-prone sandy soils. The dynamics of Macaranga-dominated early successional communities are strongly influenced by soil resource and light availability, coupled with species-specific ontogenetic trajectories of performance.


Objective:To explore etiological and risk factors of stroke in the youth.Methods:Clinical data of 67 young cases with stroke were respectively analyzed including blood pressure,blood lipid,blood glucose,habits of smoking and drinking,etc.Results:There were 31 cases with hypertension,9 cases with vascular malformation and aneurysm,7 cases with heart diseases,5cases with diabetes,4 cases with migraine,6cases with other diseases and 5 cases with unknown illnesses.Twenty-one cases were complicated with abnormal blood lipid,and 9 cases with carotid atherosclerosis.Moreover,29 cases had the habit of smoking,and 14 cases drinking.Conclusions:The etiological and risk factors for young stroke patients are more complicated.But hypertension,hyperlipemia,diabetes,atherosclerosis,smoking and drinking are still very influential.


Describing someone as a food "radical" can imply many different things. It can suggest the person has unusual ideas, or it can mean that he or she is awesome in some way. The Latin ancestor of the word "radical" suggests the person is someone attempting to get at the "root" of a food problem. Many individuals seek to improve the food system. Most are radical in various ways. All are creative, unconventional, brave, and compassionate people. While they do not all agree on solutions, they do agree on the need for a better food system, and one can learn something from all of them.


Fluctuations in arrival rates significantly affect the performance of traffic signal controls. In this paper, we propose an arrival-based distributed control algorithm based on the backpressure control framework, and show that this arrival-based backpressure (ABP) algorithm preserves the attractive features of backpressure control, including queue mitigation and global stability. Moreover, numerical results show that the ABP algorithm outperforms the fixed, actuated, and original backpressure signal controllers in low, medium, and heavy loading demand levels in increasing throughput, reducing queue length and waiting time.The benefits are evident under periodic traffic scenarios.


This research study of transversal type is carried out to determine the relationship between the type of domestic violence and self-esteem in students of the Technological Educational Institute Santiago de Chuco, 2012. The sample universe consisted of 39 students.
The instrument used consists of 2 parts, the first value to the student violence by parents, the second self-esteem. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. After the analysis is performed have made the following conclusions:
1. The type of domestic violence from the students of Higher Technological Educational Institute is mostly moderate (59.0 percent) and 38.5 percent low rate and only 2.6 percent (1 person) refers to severe domestic violence.
2. The students self-esteem of nursing techniques is mostly middle level (69.3 percent), Low level 17.9 percent and 12.8 percent high.
3. The relationship between the type of domestic violence and self-esteem in students of Educational Institute is highly significant


A review of existing tourism literature indicates that little research has been conducted to estimate the economic impacts of mega-events by using a sophisticated input-output model. And no attempt was made to estimate the economic impacts of tourist expenditures associated with the '88 Seoul Olympics; thus, no comparison could be made with other mega-events, such as the World Cup. The purpose of this study in to estimate the short-term economic impacts of foreign tourist expenditures attributable to the Seoul Olympics, using an input-output model. The results show that Olympic tourism receipts of $259 million generated approximately $621 million of output, $125 million of income. 13,739 full-time equivalent jobs, $328 million of value added, and $34 million of government revenues. The secondary impact was found to be significant, representing 87.7% of the total output impact. Considering the substitution effect of Olympic tourism receipts for major export products, these receipts generated the same economic value as would 19.9 million semiconductors, 1.85 million TV sets exported by the electronics industry, or 31,205 passenger cars exported by the automobile industry. This substitution effect of tourism was found to be greater when the rate of foreign exchange earnings was taken into consideration.


Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is a malignant neoplasm of the kidney and is highly interesting due to its increasing incidence. Many studies have shown that the basement membrane (BM) plays an important role in the development of cancer, and structural and functional changes in the BM can be observed in most renal lesions. However, the role of BM in the malignant progression of PRCC and its impact on prognosis has not been fully studied. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the functional and prognostic value of basement membrane-associated genes (BMs) in PRCC patients. We identified differentially expressed BMs between PRCC tumor samples and normal tissue and systematically explored the relevance of BMs to immune infiltration. Moreover, we constructed a risk signature based on these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Lasso regression analysis and demonstrated their independence using Cox regression analysis. Finally, we predicted 9 small molecule drugs with the potential to treat PRCC and compared the differences in sensitivity to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents between high and low-risk groups to better target patients for more precise treatment planning. Taken together, our study suggested that BMs might play a crucial role in the development of PRCC, and these results might provide new insights into the treatment of PRCC.


The nickel uptake properties of an extensive series of tin antimonates were studied. Distribution coefficient values (Kd) for 63Ni were measured in acidic and calcium solutions and illustrated as a function of Sn/Sb substitution from 0 to 100%. High Kd values for nickel from acidic solution (0.1 M HNO3) were obtained, and Kd values from 0.1 M Ca(NO3)2 solution followed in a similar manner but at a considerably lower level. It was suggested that the nickel uptake was governed by structural hindrance in the pyrochlore phase and by electrostatic forces in the rutile phase. The dependence of pH on nickel uptake from floor drain water simulate was investigated using three materials with different Sn/Sb ratios, and excellent Kd values, even over 175 000 ml g−1, were obtained.


The discourse of the picturesque reshaped how Americans understood their landscape, but it largely ended in the mid-1870s. The decline of the picturesque can be illustrated in two emblematic works: Constance Fenimore Woolson's 1872 short story "In Search of the Picturesque" and William Cullen Bryant's enormous 1874 scenery book Picturesque America. Woolson's fictional story is a satire of travel in which a young urban woman accompanies her grandfather to the countryside "in search of the picturesque" and instead only finds development. This story signals the shift in literary interest in rural subjects toward regionalism. Regionalism disavowed the earlier focus on picturesque landscapes, instead featuring distinctive regional dialects and cultural practices that reflected the newly created social sciences. Bryant's Picturesque America was a Reconstruction-era project aimed at reconnecting the divided nation through a nonhierarchical unification under the sign of "picturesque." Adding not only the West but also the South to the compendium of American scenery, Picturesque America imagined the entire nation as picturesque. In this formulation, the picturesque became synonymous with landscape in general. Although the picturesque lost its appeal as an authoritative discourse for shaping the American landscape in the latter third of the nineteenth century, this book demonstrates that the spaces that dominated American life in the twentieth century and beyond are owed almost entirely to the transformative project of the mid-nineteenth-century picturesque.


Highly radioactive fallout particles from the first Chinese nuclear test explosion have been examined microscopically. The observed results, shown in Table 1, Photo. 2 and Fig. 2, are compared with those obtained on the highly radioactive fallout particles originating from the Russian nuclear test explosions carried out in the autumns of 1961 and 1962. Some differences, as listed below, were found between the two cases and considered to be due to the fact that the Chinese explosion was on land and of small scale while the Russian ones were in air and of large scale.(1) The Chinese particles, as compared to the Russian ones, were much smaller in specific activity at a given age.(2) The diameter of the Chinese particles ranged up to as large as 20μ, while the largest of the Russian particles was about 15μ in diameter.(3) Among the Chinese particles that were examined there were several which had divided coloring (two or more zones), but there were very few such particles among the Russian particles.(4) The relation between volume and activity was not so clearly linear with the Chinese particles as in the case of the Russian particles.


This paper examines the effect of grants to graduate students on the research productivity of professors using the individual level data set derived from the National Research Foundation of Korea. The Brain Korea 21 project, which was intended to promote the frontier research-based universities in Korea, has been a multi-year project and most of its fund has been given to the graduate students as grants. This unique feature of the project gives us an ideal opportunity to empirically examine the relationship between the grants to the students and the research productivity of professors in the different research areas. We compare the research outputs between the treatment group, which consists of participants of Brain Korea 21 project, and the comparison group, which consists of top researchers among non-participants. We applied the standard DID method which compares the increase in research outputs measured by papers per year between the two groups, before and during the project. The DID (Difference-in-difference) estimates show that the effects are quite different for the different majors. In many of the science and engineering majors, the effects are positive and significant, where as in most of the humanities and social science majors the effects are insignificant or even negative for some majors. The results suggest that the grants to graduate students can be an effective way of increasing the research productivity of present, as well as of that of future, especially in the majors that require extensive experiments and more research assistants in the research process. *


assumed are support for this impacts. In this it how to investigate media effects by com-bining and linking survey and content analysis data on the individual level of analysis. In the first part of the paper the decisions which have to be made in the operationalization process are explained and discussed. In the second part the results of an empirical research project are presented, demonstrating how the different operationalizations shift the outcomes of the analysis. It can be shown that the results are heavily affected by some of these decisions in the operationalization process. Nevertheless the findings demonstrate, that there is a positive correlation between media and the way people think about reality.


Author(s): Durieux, Jenni Kim | Advisor(s): Dillin, Andrew G | Abstract: The connection between aging and metabolism seems obvious, but the particulars of this relationship remain obscure. Theories linking the two abound, centered on the fact that mitochondria are the location of much of the cell's free radical production and on the general correlation between lifespan and metabolic rate. The connection between longevity and mitochondrial function was strengthened by RNAi-based screens in the worm C. elegans, where RNAi knock-down of mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC) subunits of Complex I (nuo-2), Complex III (cyc-1), Complex IV (cco-1) and Complex V (atp-3) extended lifespan (Dillin et al., 2002b; Lee et al., 2002). The effects of ETC knockdown on life span appear to depend on a mechanism more complex than direct effects on mitochondrial metabolic rates. Instead, they point towards the existence of signaling programs emanating from the mitochondria and capable of regulating the life span of the entire organism. The identity of components and timing requirements of the mitochondrial ETC that influence longevity have led us to search for a mechanism imposed during early development that sets the rate of aging for the remainder of the animal's life cycle as well as the critical tissues required for the mitochondrial ETC to set the rate of aging. I have found that disruption of cco-1, in the neurons or intestine of the worm is sufficient to confer a longevity phenotype. This tissue-specific knockdown was able to uncouple some of the detrimental phenotypes of organism-wide knockdown, such as reduced brood size and slow movement. Furthermore, the long lifespan that results from ETC perturbance is dependent on the mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (UPRmt) gene, ubl-5. Knowing that there are tissues in which ETC function is critical as well as the necessity for a functional UPRmt might allow us to better understand the basis of mitochondria-mediated longevity.


A simple linear cavity erbium-doped photonic crystal fiber laser is designed and analyzed. Fiber Bragg gratings are used for laser wavelength selection device, erbium-doped photonic crystal fiber is used as gain fiber. Laser performance with different lengths of fiber Bragg gratings are demonstrated. Experimental results showed that when the fiber Bragg grating length is 4 mm, the output spectrum lines are not good, with serious laser bounce. When the fiber Bragg grating length is 40 mm, the threshold power is lower, output laser is stable, but the 3dB bandwidth is about 0.04 nm.


Abstract The article illuminates Heike Geißler's book Saisonarbeit's relation to the tradition of the reportage genre since the 19th century, and shows why this genre is of current relevance, especially in view of the latest restructuring of work. Although talk of the widespread digitalization of labor implies a fundamental transformation of its conditions, the mail-order business represented in Saisonarbeit tends to evoke reminiscences of past phases of capitalist production. It is precisely here that the reportage has a special function as a report of vivid experiences.


In naval vessels, air quality monitoring in general and specifically gas free-testing is an important and demanding task. gas-free procedures include measurements of oxygen levels, explosive (% LEL) and toxic gases by qualified and experienced personnel through various handheld devices. However, confined spaces of warships (fuel tanks, CHT spaces, voids, etc.) along with other special features appeared in ships (low accessibility, poor lighting, moisture, lack of air movements, etc.) provide with more difficulties regarding air quality monitoring. A versatile handheld field device, originally developed for early location of entrapped people, specially modified and designed is tested for supporting the air quality monitoring procedure of naval spaces. the device developed enables chemical, visual and audio capabilities. special performance characteristics such as robustness, corrosive resistant, easy decontamination, explosive proof and minimum electromagnetic signature are investigated for optimum performance. this all-in-one device will possibly provide on-line and on-site measurements offering to fleet crewmembers and shipyards personnel an easy-to-use reliable tool for performing air quality monitoring effectively, efficiently and quickly. Furthermore, the cost for maintenance and inspection of confined spaces will be probably reduced without risking personnel safety, while adding to air quality monitoring the abilities of audio and visual abilities for surveillance.


The proliferative activity of rabbit erythroblasts previously exposed to erythropoietin was studied in clot cultures containing colchicine.

Erythroblasts exposed to erythropoietin in vivo (in the anemic animal) or in vitro (by shaking with anemic serum) showed high mitotic rates when subsequently cultured in an erythropoietin poor medium.

These findings indicate that erythropoietin is taken up by erythroblasts from serum. Intracellular erythropoietin stimulates erythroblasts to increased mitotic activity. The direct effect of erythropoietin on the ability of erythroblasts to proliferate constitutes a mechanism by which erythropoietin regulates erythropoiesis.


Abstract Advection of angular momentum by the mean meridional circulation is important in the quasi-biennial and semiannual oscillations of the tropical middle atmosphere. The advection is nonlinear, implying a finite horizontal or vertical displacement of angular momentum surfaces. Horizontal advection contributes to the easterly phase of the semiannual oscillation, and is sensitive to extratropical body forces. The mean meridional circulation may be thought of as a hybrid Hadley/body-force circulation driven by radiative heating and Eliassen-Palm flux convergence. Realistic steady states are obtained when a mesospheric friction layer, representing gravity wave drag, is included in the problem. This device resolves an ambiguity in the inviscid theory of the middle atmosphere Hadley circulation. Nonlinear advection is also important in the quasi-biennial oscillation; it is responsible, in part, for the strong asymmetry between east and west phases. Diabatic advection of westerly shear displaces angular mo...


The article presents calculations the additional electric loss in the case of three-phase voltage system unbalance in the real rural electrical distribution networks (0.38 kV). Measurements were carried out at substations that receive power from distribution substation "Petropavlovsk". Measurements were carried out using a certified device "Resource-UF2M". Also presented are graphs of changes in currents/voltages of the negative-sequence and zero-sequence, electric loss and other parameters. The results of the economic assessment of electricity losses are presented. As a result, the proposed method for reducing the power loss factor, that can reduce the losses of electricity.


The marine biodiversity of the southeast coast of Iis rich and much of the world's wealth of biod iversity is found in highly diverse coastal habitats. A present study was carried out on marine gastropod accessib ility among Palk Bay region of Tamilnadu coastline to identify, quantify and assess the shell resources potential for development of a small-scale shell industry. A large collection of marine gastropod was made among the coastal lin e of Mallipattinam and Kottaipattinam found 61 species (


In Lenin's opinion,the scientific concept of development is expressed by dialectical materialist methodology and world outlook.The criterion for being scientific lies in the recognition that the internal contradiction is the source of development,the recognition of the fact that in the course of development are not only quantitative measure of changes,but also interruption in the gradual development,sudden changes,and qualitative measures of the changes.The principles of scientific concept of development applies to human society as well as nature and human recognition.Lenin's idea of dialectical materialism,that is,Marxist philosophy as scientific concept of development,is mainly recorded in eight notebooks of his when he stayed in the city of Bern in Swiss and concentrated on studies of philosophy in 1914 and 1915.


A total number of 30 unsexed, 6 weeks old growing New Zealand white rabbits were randomly distributed into to five dietary treatments to study the effect of using the replacement of sugar beet pulp (SBP ) by hay at levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% on some productive, metabolic responses and the economical efficiency. The data revealed that, feed intake increased (P<0.05) by increasing SBP level more than 25% up to 100% during the entire experimental period (6 to 16 weeks of age). However, rabbits fed dietary 25% SBP recorded the best feed conversion compared with other dietary treatments. The best (P<0.05) carcass % was recorded for rabbits fed 25 and 50% SBP diet compared with control diet. The digestibility of CF increased by increasing SBP level in rabbit diet up to 75%. Rabbits fed dietary 100% SBP recorded the greatest (P<0.05) values of blood total protein, globulin and calcium compared with other dietary treatments. The greatest economical efficiency and relative economical efficiency values were calculated for rabbits fed 25% however, all SBP diets economically surpassed the control one.


Simple Summary The age of horses can influence several properties of the obtained raw material. As the age of horses increases, the meat retains less water, and more fat (p < 0.05) and minerals. In general, horse meat from older animals exhibits undesirable stringiness and hardness, due to a large proportion of connective tissue (collagen). Currently, many methods are applied to improve the tenderness of meat. Of these, the most popular is marinating the meat with various substances, which enhances the functional and sensory properties of the meat. Freezing is a widely accepted method for extending the shelf life of meat. Both the technique used for freezing and further storage at negative temperatures have an impact on some of the properties of meat. Most importantly, the pH value, color, and water absorption of meat tend to change with freezing. In addition, the dry matter content and tenderness of meat increase. This study aimed to analyze the impact of horse age, marinating substances, and frozen storage on the quality of horse meat. As horses age, the values of meat cutting force increase (p < 0.05). For example, the cutting force increases by 4.57 N/cm2 during the first period of freezer storage, and by 3.28 N/cm2 after 3 months of freezer storage (p < 0.05). Abstract The present study analyzed the influence of horse age, substances used for marinating, and frozen storage on the quality of horse meat. It was conducted on the samples of the longest thoracic muscle, obtained from 12 carcasses of horses (aged 4–7 and 8–12 years). Among the analyzed samples, a higher fat content (p < 0.05) was found in the meat obtained from the carcasses of older horses. The pH value of the meat samples was influenced by the treatment applied (p < 0.05). Of the substances used for marinating, malic acid caused a decrease in the pH of the meat obtained from young horses (p < 0.05). A similar effect was observed with the addition of phosphates to malic acid-marinated meat. On the other hand, the use of phosphates for marinating resulted in an increase in the pH of the meat obtained from older horses (p < 0.05). The substances used for marinating the horse meat did not significantly affect the reduction in cutting force values. Furthermore, the values of shear force, hardness, stiffness, gumminess, and chewiness of the meat increased with horse age (p < 0.05). An influence on the color parameters a* and b* of the meat was found for the interaction between age, storage period, and the type of treatment (p < 0.05). The use of lactic acid and malic acid for marinating the meat of young horses caused a decrease in the proportion of red color (4.67 and 3.43) and an increase in the proportion of yellow color (3.81 and 1.71), especially after 3 months of freezer storage. All the substances used for marinating (except for phosphates) were associated with higher (p < 0.05) thermal and forced drips of meat from the carcasses of both young and older horses during each storage period, in comparison to the control. The interaction between age and the type of treatment had an influence on the tenderness and juiciness of the horse meat (p < 0.05). In sensory evaluation, it was noted that the interaction between age and the treatment procedure influenced the tenderness and juiciness of the meat samples (p < 0.05). There is still a need for further research to increase knowledge regarding how to improve the quality of horse meat, and ultimately increase the demand from consumers and meat processing plants.


The COX-2/PGE2 pathway has been implicated in the occurrence and progression of cancer. The underlying mechanisms facilitating the production of COX-2 and its mediator, PGE2, in cancer survival remain unknown. Herein, we investigated PGE2-induced COX-2 expression and signaling in HL-60 cells following menadione treatment. Treatment with PGE2 activated anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL while reducing pro-apoptotic proteins, thereby enhancing cell survival. PGE2 not only induced COX-2 expression, but also prevented casapse-3, PARP, and lamin B cleavage. Silencing and inhibition of COX-2 with siRNA transfection or treatment with indomethacin led to a pronounced reduction of the extracellular levels of PGE2, and restored the menadione-induced cell death. In addition, pretreatment of cells with the MEK inhibitor PD98059 and the PKA inhibitor H89 abrogated the PGE2-induced expression of COX-2, suggesting involvement of the MAPK and PKA pathways. These results demonstrate that PGE2 signaling acts in an autocrine manner, and specific inhibition of PGE2 will provide a novel approach for the treatment of leukemia. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(2): 109-114]


To examine the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) for protection of auditory hair cells against aminoglycosides and its molecular mechanisms.


Room-temperature ferromagnetism was observed in undoped and Fe2+(3+)-doped CeO2 nanocrystals. In Fe-doped samples the enhancement of ferromagnetic ordering occurs by changing the valence state of Fe ions, whereas Raman spectra demonstrated strong electron-molecular vibrational coupling and increase in oxygen vacancy concentration. Air annealing showed degradation of ferromagnetic ordering and appearance of hematite phase in Fe3+-doped sample. The observed ferromagnetic coupling in Fe-doped samples, associated with the presence of magnetic ions mediated by single charged O2− vacancies, demonstrated that valence state of dopant has a strong influence on magnetic properties of CeO2 nanoparticles.


Over recent years, as interest has grown at a national level in improving productivity and performance, the workplace has received increasing research attention as a unit of analysis. Internationally, the existence of a High Performance Work Systems model has been debated, and there has been an outpouring of articles giving consideration to the range of workplace practices that are associated with this model. This has been facilitated by the existence in many countries of largescale surveys that provide a systematic and robust evidence base for informed policy making. Within the New Zealand context, however, the empirical basis for drawing conclusions about the nature and spread of a range of workplace practices is sparse, and limited by the data available in official statistics and a continued reliance by researchers on smallscale case studies. This paper considers the limits of our knowledge about the dynamics of New Zealand workplaces, and questions whether the time has come for development of a large scale survey to provide robust empirical evidence to better inform decisionmaking by policy makers and practitioners.


This report discusses the federal regulatory role in regards to drinking water, more specifically in the context of the Flint water crisis. EPA's current Flint responses include providing technical assistance for water testing and treatment, conducting water monitoring, and identifying lead service line locations.


AbstractA stusywas co.nducted osthe effect of surface cracks on the tensile strength of ceramics used mgas turbme and diesel engines powered by low-grade fuel. A previous stusyreported that wsenan artificial corrosive ash containing vanadium pentoxide and s?dia!aa!aa sulphate is pamted onto surface flaws of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ), it sigmficsntly enhansesthe tensile. strength of the PSZ at 650°C when the specimens are heated. man elscsncfaarnace. This paper deals with the burner rig test results of ceramics contsmmgdiffe:-ent surface defects produced by Vickers indentation. After49 h .exposure ma corroswe gas stream at 900°C, the tensile strength of silicon nitride spe.cimens whssesurface had been indented with a load of 30kgf increased considerably. This strength is the same as or better than that of smooth specimens.


Building and evaluating prediction systems is an important activity for software engineering researchers. Increasing numbers of techniques and datasets are now being made available. Unfortunately systematic comparison is hindered by the use of different accuracy indicators and evaluation processes. We argue that these indicators are statistics that describe properties of the estimation errors or residuals and that the sensible choice of indicator is largely governed by the goals of the estimator. For this reason it may be helpful for researchers to provide a range of indicators. We also argue that it is useful to formally test for significant differences between competing prediction systems and note that where only a few cases are available this can be problematic, in other words the research instrument may have insufficient power. We demonstrate that this is the case for a well known empirical study of cost models. Simulation, however, could be one means of overcoming this difficulty.


The problem of generality appears when we take the reliability theory of justification in its simple form. This problem can be avoided if we require (as Goldman does) that besides actual reliable processes there must not be available other reliable processes which would lead us to reject, the present belief. For a process to be reliable it is neces sary that it preserves the tru th . If it wou ld lead us to believe true propositions as well as false ones then it is not reliable. Reliability theory of justification is a theory of justified belief and not a theory o justified believer. This suffices to show that realibility is both a sufficient and necessary condition of justification.


Age is one of the dominant risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease and many regard atherosclerosis to be a feature of ageing. The precise molecular mechanisms through which ageing per se confers this excess risk, however, remain unclear and imprecise. More recently, the theory that vascular cell senescence may contribute to age related atherogenesis has been re-examined by using cellular senescence as a model of ageing in vivo. Minamino and Komuro [1 ] provide a comprehensive review of this topic. They explore the hypothesis that vascular cell senescence (VCS) induces vascular dysfunction with ageing. They provide in-vivo evidence of VCS and discuss the molecular mechanisms of cellular senescence. Of particular interest are the hypotheses that telomere-shortening may relate to endothelial dysfunction, that the angiotensin II signalling cascade induces premature senescence of human vascular smooth muscle cells and that diabetes promotes senescence of both endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial cells. Thus, diabetes can be regarded as a premature ageing syndrome whereby dysregulation of insulin signalling promotes cellular senescence and leads to vascular complications.


In this study, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic techniques have been wielded for determination of number of graphene layers per domain, crystallite size, interlayer spacing and defect density in bulk samples of chemically synthesized graphitic oxide (GrO) and reduced GrO (RGrO). Particularly, the ready to use and general mathematical equations have been presented for obtaining above mentioned parameters directly using the full width half maxima (FWHM) of XRD peaks and intensity ratios of Raman D- and G-bands. The results reflect that upon reduction, crystallites shrink in dimensions ultimately leads to decrease in number of graphene layers per domain and apparent increase in defect density.


When the mean of a normal population is given,the confidence interval of this normal population is discussed.Two confidence intervals are found by different methods.From an example and the tabular of chi-square distribution,these two confidence intervals are discriminated.


Outcrop examples of mass-transport complexes (MTCs) often show a complex internal fabric which reflects disaggregation, deformation and entrainment that occurred during transport and emplacement. This can include intense folding, included blocks of substratum and internal shear zones. Seismic reflection images often cannot properly image this internal fabric as the scale of such structure is usually below the effective resolution. This can limit seismic interpretation to characterising only the overall morphology of the deposits (the top and basal reflectors).

Seismic reflections are primarily generated by smooth, laterally continuous interfaces. Discontinuities at or below the scale of the seismic wavelength instead generate seismic diffractions (“diffraction hyperbolae” in unmigrated images). Diffractions are often ignored during seismic processing as they are generally lower in amplitude than reflections, though they do not suffer from the same lateral resolution limit as reflections so are potentially sensitive to smaller scale structure. We suggest that the discontinuous internal fabric of MTCs will generate a significant amount of diffraction energy relative to unfailed sediments.

The main goal of this study is to use diffraction imaging to image the small-scale, heterogeneous internal fabric of MTCs. We demonstrate this using two high-resolution, multi-channel 2-D marine seismic profiles (3.125 m CMP spacing, 500 m maximum offset) acquired in 2018 and 2019 as part of the INSIGHT project to investigate submarine geohazards in the Gulf of Cadiz. Profile 1 intersects the Marques de Pombal reverse fault and shows a series of stacked MTCs (~1 s TWTT from top to bottom) in the footwall, thought to be related to episodic fault activity. Profile 2 is located in the Portimão Bank area and contains two large MTCs thought to be related to the mobilisation of a salt diapir. The diffraction imaging method proceeds as i) dip-guided plane-wave destruction to separate reflected and diffracted wavefields; ii) velocity analysis by cascaded constant velocity migrations of the diffraction wavefield; iii) post-stack Kirchhoff time migration of the diffraction wavefield.

The unmigrated profiles show that the MTC bodies do generate more internal diffractions than the surrounding unfailed sediments. We also observe large contributions of diffraction energy from the rugose top and base of the MTCs, the rugose top salt interface and from faults within the unfailed sediments. The migrated diffraction images reveal distinct internal structure, thought to represent rafted blocks, ramps and both extensional and compressional faulting. The envelope of the diffraction image is used as an overlay on the conventional reflection image to guide interpretation and highlight potential diffractors. This allows interpretation of thin MTCs and improved delineation of their lateral extent (runout) above conventional reflection images.

Diffraction imaging has previously been used to image heterogeneous geology such as fracture networks, channel systems and karst topography. Here we apply the technique to study the internal fabric of MTCs. The resulting images resolve small-scale internal structure that is not well resolved by conventional reflection images. Such structures can be used as kinematic indicators to constrain flow direction and emplacement dynamics, which inform the geohazard potential of future subaqueous mass-movements.


Objective To investigate the characteristics of clinicalmanifestations and treatment of influenza A (H1N1). Method The dynamic observation was carried out on the characteristis of clinicalmanifestations of 22 confirmed cases. Results Of the 22 cases,there were 15 males,7 females; 1 case had the infection in lung; the fever lasted 1~4 days veragely; the asthenia and muscular soreness were not serious; and one had the symptoms of digestive tract. The Chinese medicine treatment could bring down fever and improve the symptoms such as cough,sore throat,headache and so on. Conclusion The toxicity of influenza A (H1N1) is weak,thus the poisoning symptoms of whole body were not as server as those of seasonal influenza. Treatments directed to the symptoms should be main ways to the case who had not serious condition.


The coefficient of thermal expansion (CrE) of an arbitrary laminate can be determined by the Classical Laminate Theory. However, the results obtained have shown that the CFE is very sensitive to some orthotropic elastic constants and to the laminate layup. In particular, the non-Hookean behaviour of an unidirectional lamina in the fibres direction should have to be taken into account to exactly predict the CTE. In order to verify the theoretical analysis, a new test facility has been designed to carefully measure the CTE in specimens made of advanced composite materials having a quasi zero value of CTE. The facility is basically composed of two thermostats and contained in a vacuum chamber (10−2 Pa). Four specimens are enclosed in the first thermostat and the operating temperature range is limited to −20°C up to 80°C. Four displacement transducers are enclosed in the second one at a temperature of 20°C and kept rigorously constant within 0.1°C. The specimens are mounted on Ultra Low Expansion (ULE) frames having a CTE of 1 × 10−8/°C. It has been possible to miniize the measurement error in the CTE, by a careful choice of displacement sensors and the high control of their thermal stability. The following CTEs have been obtained along the fibre direction, normal to the fibre direction and for a quasi-isotropic laminate, respectively, for two High-Modulus (HM) graphite/epoxy materials. GY70/M18: α1 = −1.04 × 10−6/°C; α2 = 33.9 × 10−6/°C; α x = -0.095 × 10−6/C M55J/M18: α1 = −1.02 × 10−6/°C; α2 = 35.2 × 10−6/°C; α x = −0.162 × 10−6/°C The analytical results have shown as a variation of ±1° only in the lamina orientation can change the CTE of the quasi-isotropic laminate up to ±50.5% of the theoretical value; as well as, a variation of ±5% in the physical and mechanical properties can change the CTE up to ±48%.


Understanding the molecular composition of oxygen-containing aromatics (OCAs) in low-temperature coal tar (LTCT) is of great importance for separating value-added chemicals from LTCT and catalytica...