Designed acetamide derivatives based on guanidine and various heteroaryl carboxylic acids, were preliminary in vitro study of their adrenergic receptor affinity and anti-plateled effects. The obtained results have showed that exchange of 2,6-dichloro-phenyl substituent of guanidine into heteroaryl moieties, caused the decrease of receptor affinity, especially for α1-adrenoceptors. The observed receptor profile of activity for α2BAR was not changed compared to α1-ARs. Moreover, the observed effects on platelet aggregation induced by sub-threshold concentration of collagen and adrenaline strongly suggested that antiaggregant effect of N(diaminomethylene)-2-(pyridin-3-yl)acetamide and N-(diaminomethylene)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)acetamide depends on their α2B-ARs antagonistic activity.


Transactional data is today's great resource of information. Unsummarized form of this type of data can reveal interesting relationships between elements of transactions. Hierarchical clustering coupled with usage of appropriate measures can reveal various aspects of these relationships. The choice of measure is a key component for getting useful analysis results. In this paper we present the continuation of our research dealing with these measures by analyzing relationships between them, better understanding of which is a great asset for analysts using them in their transactional data analysis.


These notes provide a self-contained introduction to the derivation of the zero, first and second laws of black hole mechanics. The prerequisite conservation laws in gauge and gravity theories are also briefly discussed. An explicit derivation of the first law in general relativity is performed in appendix.


The synthesis of brush-like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the nanoprocessing, and the application to twisted yarns for CNTs are reviewed. The large-scale synthesis has been established, where 170-µm-height brush-like CNTs are grown on a 6-in. Si wafer every three minutes. 7-mm-long brush-like CNTs have also been achieved by activating Fe catalysts using H2 and H2O. It has been observed that the static friction force is proportional to the length of two CNTs that overlaps with a rough surface but does not depend on overlap for CNTs with a smooth surface. The current-induced transformation from elastic bending with buckling to plastic bending has a much higher turn-on current and larger bending angle than those from elastic bend without buckling. The twisted CNT yarns have been spun from the brush-like CNTs. They have a high strength of ca. 4 N/tex caused by the surface roughness of CNTs, and their strength is comparable to that of the super strength PE yarns.


The FoCAS workshop focuses on identifying and addressing challenges related to the development of collective adaptive systems -- systems composed of massive numbers of components in which both invidual elements and the system as whole adapt to changing execution conditions. The 2014 workshop at SASO is the 2nd occurrence of the workshop, following the first successful FOCAS workshop held at the European Conference on ALife (ECAL) in 2013.


This article represents the first part of a two-part article which presents, compares and discusses the different crack growth simulation models which were introduced for fatigue crack growth assessment during the DaToN project. The project was funded by the EC within the 6th framework program and was specifically devoted to investigate innovative manufacturing techniques for metallic structures with special focus on the effects of residual stresses on the fatigue crack growth and residual strength behaviour. Within this first part the different simulation approaches, including the residual stress modelling approaches will be introduced and stress intensity factor results will be presented and compared. Within this context it could be observed that residual stress effects do have a significant influence on the resulting stress intensity factor solution whose magnitude strongly depends on the input parameters (residual stress field input) but also, to certain extent, on the simulation approaches for stress intensity factor determination as well as residual stress modelling. The residual stress effect also plays an important role for the fatigue crack growth simulations which will be presented in detail in the second part including a comparison with fatigue crack growth results from experiments.


The article is devoted to the definition of self-determination and professional orientation, dependence if its main components on the process of choosing a career.


Maxillofacial trauma usually presents in the Emergency Department (Casualty) as either an isolated injury or as a part of polytrauma. Due to the evolution of more effective emergency transportation facilities and advanced life support, even patients that are severely injured survive to reach specialized trauma centres which are increasing successful in rescuing patients. Objective: The purpose of our study was To describe the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images over axial images in the imaging of patients with facial fractures and to describe and compare the detection of fractures in the axial and coronal planes. Materials and Methods: The study population included 100 patients who underwent CT evaluation of facial bones when they presented with evidence of fracture of maxillofacial bones to the casualty at Meenakshi medical college hospital. The CT was done on the advice of the referring doctor (casualty medical officer, duty assistant surgeon, duty ENT surgeon). The dissertation evaluates various fractures involving the facial bones that were detected in these patients. MDCT evaluation is done only on patients who satisfy the inclusion criteria and only after getting their consent. All the CT scans in this study were performed using 6-Slice CT scanner (Siemens Somatom Emot-6). 3D images were compared with axial images and assessed under the headings – fracture detection, extent of fracture and displacement. Coronal images were compared with axial images for detection of fractures. Results: In this study group which comprised of a total number of 100 patients, the age at presentation ranged from 11 to 65 yrs. The maxilla, especially the walls of its sinus was noted to be the most commonly involve bone with 73% of patients having a fracture in this bone. The naso-orbito-ethmoid region was the next commonly affected region with fractures detected in 69% of patients. Zygomatic bone and mandible fractures were detected in 53 and 42% of patients. Frontal bone fractures were less common in the five regions of the face studied with 37% of patients detected to have fractures in that region. Conclusion: The advantages of 3D images in the assessment of facial trauma could be described especially in mandible and zygomatic bone. The easier detection of fractures in the frontal and maxillary bones as well as their displacement in patients with complex mid facial fractures could be described. 3D images were better in the identification of Le Fort fracture lines. The coronal reconstructed images were superior in the detection of fractures in the orbit and maxilla. 3D images have a limited role in fractures involving the naso-orbito-ethmoid region and also when there is minimal fracture displacement.


Objective To analyze malaria epidemic, anopheles population and the relevant factors affecting malaria epidemic and provide scientific basis for prevention and conrol the malaria. Method Epidemilogical data including those from the areas around the Three Groge Dam of malaria were collected and anslyzed. Result The areas around the Three Groge Dam had a history of tertian malaria and subtertian malaria epidemic. There was no subtertian malaria after 1960. The incidence per year was steady below 1 since 70 s. The blood test result for all patients including children with fever was negative. The principal transmitting vectors were Anopheles sinensis. The man-biting rate was between 1~9.6 / person / night from May to September. The density of anopheles in cow hogpen was 6~360 / head. Conclusion It is necessary to monitor the status of malaria because extensive vector distribution, slowing down of the water flow, widening of the water surface and stagnant water formation after contruction of the Three Groge Dam, which provids favorable conditions for anopheles mosquito breeding.


Angular distributions of the 14–17 MeV γ rays from the 7Li(p,γ) reaction at Ep=450, 402, and 80 keV were measured at 0°≤θlab≤135°, using a BGO detector and a 28-μg/cm2 LiF target. The angular distributions at Ep=450 and 402 keV agree with the previous results by Mainsbridge; at Ep=80 keV the ground-state transition is anisotropic on the order of 20%, confirming recent results by Chasteler et al.


Abstract Introduction Aeromonads are gram-negative opportunistic bacteria, mainly found in aquatic environments. Hematologic patients are particularly at risk of Aeromonas soft tissue infections and septicemia, especially during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Case description A 46-year-old man was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by the rare t(12;17)(p13;q21)/TAF15-ZNF384 aberration. On day 22 of chemotherapy, he developed febrile neutropenia followed by necrotizing fasciitis in his upper right extremity. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and prompt surgical intervention, he died within 36 h after the appearance of a fever. A multi-sensitive Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from all cultural sites. Discussion and conclusions In a previous paper we characterized the patient's aberration with cytogenetic and FISH analysis. Here, we provide details regarding the patient's rapidly progressing infection and underline the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion of Aeromonas infections in acute leukemia. Given the unusually rapid progression of an infection caused by a rare non-resistant pathogen, and after considering data on the implication of metalloproteinase function in immune system regulation, a correlation between risk of severe infection and TAF15-ZNF384 aberrated acute lymphoblastic leukemia cannot be ruled out.


Purpose – This paper aims to describe an award‐winning training program at Fujitsu Telecommunications, which enabled the 55 employees at Fujitsu's Antrim plant in Northern Ireland to move from their traditional concentration on mending telecommunications equipment to repairing and recycling warn or damaged point‐of‐sale and information‐technology equipment for resale across Europe.Design/methodology/approach – The paper explains the reasons for the program, the form it took and the results it achieved.Findings – The paper reveals how the training not only protected existing jobs but also paved the way 55 percent growth of the business in 2010 and a further 32 percent in 2011 and 2012.Practical implications – The paper recounts how the training focused on building a core team with the practical experience, skills and confidence to deliver on‐the‐job training to smaller groups in a familiar environment.Social implications – The paper explains how Fujitsu Telecom protected its workforce in its entirety while...


Minimally invasive surgery has become a standard treatment for early-stageendometrial cancer. Its outcomesarenot inferior to those of open surgery, and it has a good prognosis. Thus, there have been a few studies on recurrence patterns in low-risk endometrial cancer. We described the case of a 45-year-old multiparous woman with the International FederationofGynecologyandObstetrics stage IA, grade 1 endometrioid endometrial cancer, who was treated with laparoscopic modified radical hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The patient developed isolated recurrence around the le t ureter 27 months later, which was also laparoscopically resected. Pathologically, she had a low risk of recurrence; therefore, we had to review our surgical procedures. The findings of a recent study have led to the development of the theory that there is a laparoscopy-specific recurrence pattern. We discussed this recurrence pattern in relation to our patient's case and aimed that our findings will prompt to reconsider laparoscopic surgery in preventing tumor spread and recurrence in early-stage low risk endometrial cancer.


This paper proposed a wireless vehicle to home (V2H) system following SAE J2954 of international standard by resonant capacitor selector and supply voltage changer. Conventional bidirectional wireless power transfer system for V2H is consisted by full-bridge converter. Hence, the system is large and high cost. In this study, aiming for small and low cost of the wireless V2H system, the system is consist of a single-ended converter with one switch. In early study, there are two problems. First, when the circuit parameters vary by only several percent, transmitting power is dramatically changed. Therefore, the system has low robustness. Second, the variable transmitting power range is not enough, because the operating frequency exceeds the international standard frequency band. In order to solve above problems, proposed is a new control method of one-switch wireless V2H with a combination of resonant selector and voltage changer. The resonant selector changes phase difference between power feeding and power receiving units and improves robustness of the system. Furthermore, the transfer power can be controlled by the voltage changer under constant frequency and improve controllability. It was verified by proposed control method in experiment.


Abstract : A description of the work accomplished under this contract which was initiated 15 March 1961 and ended 14 March 1964 is given. Efforts included work associated with the processing of telemetered signals from rocket-borne and air-borne spectra. The report presents the results of analytical studies, modifications, and calibrations carried out on a number of electrooptical instruments, including Ebert Spectrometers and various special photometers. In addition, a mirror aiming device for installation aboard a KC-135 aircraft, designed and constructed under the contract is outlined. Participation by Foundation personnel in various field exercises, including Project Flashlight, Project Fishbowl and the 1963 Solar Eclipse is discussed. (Author)


Malignant hypercalcemia is defined as the presence of high serum calcium concentrations in the context of tumor pathology. It is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in hospitalized patients with solid tumors or hematological neoplasms where the postulated mechanisms are the presence of bone metastases and / or the secretion of factors that activate resorption by tumor cells. It can be detected as a finding in the study of asymptomatic patients or be associated with severe clinical manifestations that require urgent treatment. The therapeutic approach must be carried out in an interdisciplinary way aimed at normalizing calcemia, being important the etiological diagnosis to adapt the therapeutic behavior in the long term avoiding future complications. This article presents the case of a 43-year-old female patient immunosuppressed by HIV with a diagnosis of symptomatic hypercalcemia in the context of tumor pathology and bone metastases, her multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach with a brief review of the topic.


Abstract This study explored the product attributes Vietnamese mothers consider for the purchase of children'swear, the differences of product attributes between groups with different levels of conspicuous consumption,and the extent to which the Korean wave affects the purchasing behavior of children's wear brands. Theresults are as follows. First, the product attribute that Vietnamese mothers consider most when purchasingchildren's clothes is the comfort in physical activities. Fabric type and quality, sizing and fit, durability, co-lor, child suitability, design, cutting and construction, price, fashionability, and maintenance and launderingare the other attributes (respectively) that influence the purchase of children's wear. Second, the high cons-picuous consumption group considers brand, maintenance and laundering, durability, the reactions of others,and fashionability significantly more than the low conspicuous consumption group. Third, the purchase in-tention of Korean children's wear brands is affected by the perception of the Korean wave than the influenceof the reference group or the tendency of conspicuous consumption. The results show that low prices andpracticality were important considerations for children's clothing purchases by Vietnamese mothers; how-ever, brand name and fashionability were more powerful predictors for the high conspicuous consumptiongroup. Those with a high perception of the Korean wave also had a higher intention of Korean children'swear brand, which is indicative of the halo effect of the Korean wave. Thus, Korean children's wear brandsthat plan to enter the Vietnamese market should make active use of the Korean wave.Key words: Vietnam, Korean wave, Influence of reference group, Conspicuous consumption, Children'swear purchasing behavior; 베트남, 한류, 준거집단 영향, 과시적 소비성향, 아동복 구매행동


The misunderstanding of poverty in France, goes with the underestimation which stems from the very nature of the limited concepts used. Different poor populations are not gathered together, psychological poverty is not part of recognized concepts. The creation of a less minimal concept will provoke the integration of economic, sociological and psychological poverty into a disjunctive concept, instead of being conjunctive.


The practice of ransoming, which upon payment of a fee or prisoner exchange, restored captives to freedom and prevented their enslavement, was a universal institution. Similar, but different from slave redemption, ransoming prevented the transition of captives into slaves. Captors supported ransoming because it fetched them higher value than the sale of the same captive into slavery. Market forces, as well as the ethnicity, gender, religion, class, and skill of captives among other considerations were all central to successful ransoming operations.


List of Contents.- Overview: The Many Uses and Applications of Transgenic Plants.- Lessons in Gene Transfer to Plants by a Gifted Microbe.- Particle Bombardment Mediated Transformation.- Plant Viral Vectors Based on Tobamoviruses.- Transgenic Plants for Therapeutic Proteins: Linking Upstream and Downstream Strategies.- Feasibility of Antibody Production in Plants for Human Therapeutic Use.- Pokeweed Antiviral Protein and Its Applications.- Transgenic Plants as Edible Vaccines.- Cowpea Mosaic Virus-Based Vaccines.


The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is an X-ray science facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The LCLS-II project (an upgrade to LCLS) is in its final stages, and the LCLS-II-HE (High Energy) project is another upgrade to the facility enabling higher energy operation. An electron beam is accelerated using superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities built into cryomodules. It is planned to build twenty-five modules total for the LCLS-II-HE project. Fourteen of these modules are planned to be assembled and tested at Fermilab. Procurements for production modules have been awarded, and parts are arriving. The design of the LCLS-II-HE modules is similar to the module design used in LCLS-II. The major cryomodule design change from LCLS-II is the nominal gradient required per cavity, increasing from 16 to 21 MV/m. The additional gradient yields additional heat loads. The first LCLS-II-HE cryomodule, referred to as the verification cryomodule (vCM), was assembled using parts from an LCLS-II module with new SRF cavities. The assembly is complete, and this module is currently being tested at Fermilab. The vCM cavities perform well, exceeding the required gradient and quality factor specifications. The first article module assembly is planned to start later in 2021. The status of the production as well as some of the design and assembly changes will be presented.


This study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for opiate titration in patients with severe cancer. Eligible patients with cancer pain were randomly divided into two groups, which were titrated with a subcutaneous injection of morphine and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, respectively. The time required for patients to begin titration to reach visual analog scale score ⩽ 3, the adverse reactions during titration, the time spent by nurses in titrating each patient, and the time to complete the titration with a delayed-release dosage form analgesic effect and adverse reaction. The mean titration time of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia group (1.09 ± 0.82 vs 2.97 ± 1.98) and morphine dosage (18.78 ± 12.32 vs 13.23 ± 8.07) were significantly lower than those in the subcutaneous group (P < 0.05). The incidences of nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, and sedation in the subcutaneous injection group were significantly lower than those in the subcutaneous injection group (P < 0.05). The assessment times of the two groups (10.19 ± 3.72 vs 10.25 ± 4.88) were similar (P > 0.05). However, the time required for subcutaneous injection in patients under patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was significantly lower than that in the subcutaneous injection group (36.36 ± 12.15 vs 132.36 ± 32.79), which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After the titration, the controlled release opioid was used to treat cancer pain. The visual analog scale score of the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia group was significantly lower than that of the subcutaneous group (2.44 ± 1.37 vs 2.73 ± 0.91) at 7 days after treatment in the subcutaneous group (1.05 ± 0.30 vs 2.45 ± 1.29; P < 0.05). Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia technique can effectively and quickly complete the titration of cancer pain treatment with less occupational care resources and is better than the subcutaneous injection titration.


Summary Elucidation of the effects of secondary alteration on the stromatoporoid skeleton is important for the development of a sound taxonomy of the group. Four stages of progressive alteration in Palaeozoic stromatoporoids are identified and their effects summarized.


Infected renal cysts are rare entities characterized by fever and unilateral flank pain resistant to antibiotic therapy. Albeit rearely, rupture of an infected renal cyst may result in fatal consequences. We report a case of 51-year-old woman with spontaneous rupture of an infected renal cyst into the perinephric spaces.


The ATM System is the project which is used by the user to make cash withdrawal. Whenever the user need to withdraw money, they can enter their PIN number (personal identification number) in ATM and can withdraw. Once their withdrawn was successful, the amount will be debited in their account. It requires more and more time. So in order to reduce that inconvenience we introduce this proposed concept for the ATM simply by showing Quick Response Code and Biometric to withdraw their money within 30 sec which is more secure.


Forage brassica calculators were developed to assist in the planning of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) management for site-specific forage brassica production. These calculators are based on the PARJIB model which analyses and forecasts yield responses to nutrients. Previous validation of the calculators showed that simulation of the summer ("Barkant") turnips model was poor (RMSD≤28% (2.7 t/ha) (R 2 =0.10). This was attributed to yield responses to P being masked by low yield potential due to factors such as poor crop establishment and other agronomic factors. To recalibrate the model, three turnip P response experiments were conducted in the 2012-13 season at sites (Southland, Manawatu and Central North Island) with soil Olsen P values between 5 and 17 mg/kg soil. Fertiliser P was either broadcast or banded at five rates (0-200 kg P/ha). There was a response to P fertiliser only at the site with the lowest soil P (Southland). At this site, the total dry matter (DM) yield at the final harvest increased with P supply, from 0.4 t/ha for the 0 kg P/ha crops to 10 t/ha for the 100 kg P/ha crops. This was associated with a 3fold increase in plant population with P supply. However, the method of P application had no effect on either final DM yield or plant population, across the three sites. These and previous data were used to refit the PARJIB model to take into account soil P retention and reserve K. This approach explained a larger proportion of yield variation with an RMSD of <10% (0.23-1.1 t/ha) (R 2 =0.65) compared to the initial validation. The turnip P response curve is now comparable to other brassica species and can be used with greater confidence for strategic N and P fertiliser recommendations. Additional keywords: Brassica campestris subsp. rapifera, agronomic factors, "Barkant" turnip, calibrated, nutrient requirement, PARJIB model, predicted yield, validated.


The only private company to run an NHS hospital announced last month it was pulling out of its contract early because it could not cope with funding cuts and rising patient numbers.


A 35-year-old man with sickle cell disease (SCD, S/β) was admitted to our emergency department (ED) for right upper quadrant abdominal pain (RUQ) associated with fever (38 C) and jaundice (Charcot's triad; Total Bil. 3.19 mg/dL). Pain was constantly midepigastric, often radiated to the back. Laboratory tests showed increased CRP (93 mg/dL), ALT (71 U/L), and LDH (347 U/L); whereas, AST (32 U/ L), γGT (19 U/L), albumin (34.1 g/L), total protein (74.1 g/L), amylase, aPTT, PT were within normal range. CBC documented Hb 8.7 g/dL, circulating erythroblasts 510.000/mm, WBC 11 800/mm, PLTs 286 000/ mm. The collection of patient history revealed: splenectomy at the age of 8 years and cholecistectomy at age of 19 years. He was taking hydroxyurea (20 mg/kg/d) therapy since the age of 17 years due to recurrent pain crisis, requiring hospitalization, and aspirin (100 mg/d) since splenectomy. Two previous episodes of superficial venous thrombosis were reported by the patient. RUQ pain occurs in almost 10% of SCD patients during acute vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and it is one of the first three causes of access to the ED admission. RUQ pain is generally associated with increased AST/ALT ratio, which rapidly decreases at resolution of the VOC. Although RUQ pain is generally related to VOCs, a wide variety of conditions has been recognized to possibly sustain abdominal pain and jaundice in SCD (Table 1). However, emergency physician rarely considers other causes of RUQ pain than VOC in SCD subjects (see also Table 1). This might expose SCD patients to the risk of undertreatment or misdiagnosis of RUQ pain and possibly mismanagement. Thus, it is mandatory to discriminate with the patient whether the abdominal pain episode has characteristics similar to previous once experienced by the patients in order to consider causes others than VOCs and to decide a more aggressive diagnostic approach. At the admission in the ED, patient VAS pain-score was 7. Multimodal analgesia with tramadol (7.2 mg/kg/d), ketorolac (0.86 mg/ kg/d) and metoclopramide associated with intravenous hydration (saline solution 20-30 mL/kg/d) and ceftriaxone (2 g/d) was started. Abdominal ultrasound (US) was negative and portal vein velocity was normal at the admission to the ED and at 48 hours after hospitalization. Abdominal-US is generally used to exclude biliary obstruction and/or dilation (intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both) or to document primary liver disorders, such as infections/abscesses or portal vein disease as well as pancreatic diseases such as acute or chronic pancreatitis or gallstone-related pancreatic disease. However, US does not allow the identification of choledocholithiasis, which requires MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) is, overall, the gold standard imaging approach for undifferentiated abdominal pain, especially in presence of fever and nonlocalized symptoms. MDCT can also better delineate complicated biliary disorders, such as gas-forming processes, abscesses, hemorrhage, and perforation, and can be a second-line imaging modality when Abdominal-US fails. MRI, scintigraphy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or MRCP are useful tools in the diagnosis of RUQ disorders but are rarely indicated in acute setting. ERCP is helpful in the setting of gallstone pancreatitis, but in the absence of obstruction or cholangitis is not indicated in the acute or early disease course. At 3 days after hospitalization, despite the improvement of liver indices, RUQ pain persisted (VAS pain score: 5) and patient was again febrile with further increase in CRP (153 mg/dL). Antibiotic therapy was modified and piperacillin/tazobactam was started in place of ceftriaxone. MRI and MDCT respectively documented pancreatic edema in the absence of choledolithiasis and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) extended to the inferior and superior mesenteric vein (Figure 1A, B). Received: 20 July 2018 Revised: 7 September 2018 Accepted: 12 September 2018


In this paper, I will present a quantitative analysis of the frequency and ranking of the following items in modern Korean: (1) prefinal and final endings (the latter are used as conclusive or non-conclusive morphemes), and (2) the grammatical patterns (including adverbial phrases that are connected with the sentential adverbs). In 1997, I conducted the first survey of agglutinating suffixes, entitled Quantitative Research on Verbal Morphemes in Modern Korean (Lee 1997b). 001 FE127 ta: 6039 002 FE042 n: 5790 003 FE021 ko: 3843 004 FE093 nun 3056 005 PFE015 ess: 2454 006 FE371 e: 2341 etc. Since then a couple of others' studies on the frequency of suffixes have been reported based on their larger corpus but those of grammatical patterns not yet done by others but me as below in this paper. 001 Igr. -e(a) kata? 741 002 2 -ko iss ta? 687 003 1 -ci(yo)? 539 004 1 -e cwuta? 468 005 1 -ci anhta(-cito anhta) 468 006 1 -e(a) ota? 428 ? (gr.=grade) etc. The above findings are useful in the following ways: First, they are instructive in developing a rational basis for pedagogical syllabi and materials in teaching Korean as a foreign or a second language. Second, the findings can also be applied to analyzing the order of presentation of morphemes in elementary Korean materials for children in Korea. Third, the findings are relevant to machine translation because they provide information on which Korean expressions are more preferable in translation.


ABSTRACT It is argued that Russell before 1905 saw no value in Frege's sense/reference distinction. This is clearest in the Mont Blanc correspondence. It is argued that Russell and Frege failed to engage because Frege lacked a grasp on the internal/external relations distinction. For Russell sense is either an external relation, objectionably separating out thought and reference, or an internal relation, so what is thought is altered such that we do not know what we are talking about. The novelty of the present paper lies in the arrangement of the parts and the claim that Russellian propositions are not made up of the things themselves but of transparent representatives thereof.


Professor KenKure, a born research worker and a great scholar, was extremely strict on his pupils. As one of his students, I was also instructed and trained by him rigorously. At first, there was a time when I was merely a passive worker reading medical literature and assisting his experiment in obedience to his order. During the years of my work with him, however, wisdom required for research life flew into me abundantly without myknowledge. After graduating from the University of Tokyo Faculty of Medicine in 1907, Professor Kure studied in Germany and Austria. Professor H. E. Hering, who subsequently discovered " Blutdruckzligler ", was his teacher at University of Prague. This precious experience no doubt contributed to his great success as an investigator. After returning to Japan, Professor Kure became interested in the mechanism of right ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation in patients with beriberi, a common disease of Japan at that time. Under the working hypothesis that paralysis of the diaphragmatic nerve due to beriberi poison is responsible for such change, he started the studies on the innervation of the diaphragmatic nerve using monkeys. Main-


There are five families of Embioptera recorded in Brazil, namely: Anisembiidae, Archembiidae, Clothodidae, Teratembiidae, and Oligotomidae, the latter represented by Oligotoma saundersii (Westwood, 1837), an invasive species with worldwide distribution. In this work, we provide an update on O. saundersii distribution for three Brazilian states and the first record for Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Additionally, we provide photographs of both sexes, a differential diagnosis for other families, and a distribution map with all records of O. saundersii for the country.


According to the results of a representative survey by ESET
Hungary Ltd. and statistics by Eurostat, more than one
million users in Hungary visit infected webpages despite of
warnings of their antivirus program and almost every second
an individual caught a virus or other computer infection
(worm, Trojan horse, etc.). These data are similar to those
in Slovenia, in Croatia, in Slovakia and in Bulgaria. This
may be caused by low levels of security awareness and
independent from any typical statistical distribution (e.g.
age, sex, geographic location, etc.). Therefore this security
unpreparedness appears in all work places, including Public
Administration.
Those who work in Public Administration manage other people's
personal data, but how could they manage them securely if
they cannot be vigilant with their own personal data? We
believe that security awareness is a way of thinking which is
teachable and learnable, and should be developed as a basic
knowledge in primary and secondary education and later
upgraded as a special knowledge at public administration
schools.
We discuss three topics: (1) a comparison of what pupils are
taught on e-safety, privacy and information security in
Hungary and England to understand the level of basic
knowledge; (2) an international overview about governmental
requirements from an average employee in Public
Administration on e-safety, privacy and information security
to understand what special knowledge is required on this
field; (3) some best practices how we can give the special
security knowledge for these people at university level in
order to meet the requirements of Public Administration. We
use U.S. and U.K. examples, because these countries have the
most mature cybersecurity system and best-described use cases
in all areas examined by this study. We also examine EU's
special requirements because Hungary, as a member state
should follow these rules and guidances.


In this paper, we examine genetic programming as a policy search technique for planning problems representable as Markov Decision Processes. The planning task under consideration is derived from a real-time strategy war game. This problem presents unique challenges for standard genetic programming approaches; despite this, we show that genetic programming produces results competitive with standard techniques, albeit with certain


The mere existence of the present review proves the high quality of this useful, compact volume. Thirteen of its fourteen essays were first broadcast on Radio Eireann in 1978 as a series of Thomas Davis lectures. What radio series in this country would ever be printed and reviewed in a scholarly journal such as this? The development of Ireland in the period 1945-70 can in some ways be considered the development of the Irish state. Independence was followed by civil war and the depression of the 1930s, and the Ireland of 1945 had not moved far from that of 1921. The old warriors of the revolution dominated the political scene: DeValera was only 63 years old in 1945. The church, the educational system, and the legal system were similar to the institutions inherited by the state at its inception. Domestic economic policy was laissez-faire. Foreign economic policy was protectionist—partly a legacy of the 1930s, but also a reflection of the traditional belief that Irish industrialization had been hampered by the Union and would flourish if only given protection from England and foreigners in general. Postwar Ireland can plausibly be read as post-independence Ireland. John A. Murphy's opening chapter describes the transition from the political leadership of DeValera to that of Sean Lemass and from Lemass to his successors. He shows how the successful challenge to the Fianna Fail in the 1948 elections really came to very little in the long run. In 1970 the party's grasp was firmer than in the beginning. Sean Lemass deserves a chapter to himself, and is given a splendid one by the editor. It was under Lemass's leadership that the state became an instrument of economic development, but, as Lee demonstrates, the importance of the Lemass era went beyond economic planning. The governmental reforms—in economic policy, in education, in the civil service—evoked a new spirit of reform and reorganization in business, labor, agriculture, and indeed "new mentalities and new moralities," in Lee's phrase. Lemass's mission and his accomplishment was really "to banish to the rubbish dump of history the wailing of Caitlin Ni Hualachain, the champion whiner of the western world" (page 22). Brendan Walsh contributes a good survey of the economic developments of the period. Of the specialized topics, there are particularly good pieces by Maurice Manning on farmers, the church by John Whyte, and the legal system by Bryan M. E. McMahon, and an engaging chapter on the media by Douglas Gageby of the Irish Times. The final chapters deal with foreign policy and the Ulster problem, and J. J. Lee provides a good summing up. But I can't help wondering what Thomas Davis would have thought of this Ireland.


Abstract:  The sourcing of new resistant accessions and understanding their resistance mechanisms are significant aspects of a breeding strategy for durable resistance. Resistance of a number of apple accessions to the woolly apple aphid (WAA) [Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausm.)] was assessed based on the biological parameters of the insect. Two experiments were conducted under glasshouse conditions in two consecutive years during January–February of 2002 and 2003. In Expt 1 in 2002, settlement, development and survival of the aphids were assessed on five apple accessions [Roter Eiserapfel (RE), Freiherr von Berlepsch (FvB), Braeburn (B), Willie Sharp (WS) and Royal Gala (RG)]. RG was the most susceptible and WS the most resistant accession to WAA. RG and WS were included as references in Expt 2 in 2003, with 11 further accessions (Malus floribunda 821 OP (open‐pollinated) G01‐078 (MF), Korichnoe Polosatoje OP G01‐104 (KP), Geneva (G), Raritan (R), Malus 6 (M‐6), Twenty Ounce (TO), Winter Majetin (WM), Aotea (A), Irish Peach (IP), Court Pendu Plat (CPP) and Colonel Vaughan (CV). Daily reproductive rate and colony establishment were added to the three paramaters assessed in Expt 1. The overall results showed resistance in G, MF, WS and KP to settlement and development with low survival at the larval stage of the aphid, whereas R showed resistance in all the parameters tested. RG and CPP have proved to be susceptible while A, WM, TO, M‐6, IP and CV were partially resistant.


In this work, we consider the following problem: Given a directed graph D, does it contain a subdivision of a prescribed digraph F? We believe that there is a dichotomy between NP-complete and polynomial-time solvable instances of this problem. We present many examples of both cases. In particular, except for five instances, we are able to classify all the digraphs F of order 4.While all NP-hardness proofs are made by reduction from some version of the 2-linkage problem in digraphs, we use different algorithmic tools for proving polynomial-time solvability of certain instances, some of them involving relatively complicated algorithms. The techniques vary from easy brute force algorithms, algorithms based on maximum-flow calculations, handle decompositions of strongly connected digraphs, among others. Finally, we treat the very special case of F being the disjoint union of directed cycles. In particular, we show that the directed cycles of length at least 3 have the Erdos-Posa Property: for every n, there exists an integer tn such that for every digraph D, either D contains n disjoint directed cycles of length at least 3, or there is a set T of tn vertices that meets every directed cycle of length at least 3. From this result, we deduce that if F is the disjoint union of directed cycles of length at most 3, then one can decide in polynomial time if a digraph contains a subdivision of F.


The Girsanov's theorem is useful as well in the general theory of stochastic analysis as well in its applications. We show here that it can be also applied to the theory of stochastic differential inclusions. In particular, we obtain some special properties of sets of weak solutions to some type of these inclusions.


Unlike conventional radiographic examinations, angiointerventional procedures have a high risk of radiation exposure to patients or operators due to prolonged radiation exposure time. This study was undertaken to examine effects of reducing the radiation risk by applying dose reduction fiber (DRF) shielding cloth during angiography. To investigate the properties of DRF shielding cloth, we measured the scattered radiation below and above a human phantom using a glass dosimeter, at site distances 10 cm away from the irradiated field. The results obtained reveal a 15 ~ 31% reduction of scattered radiation in the irradiation field, and 53 ~ 70% reduced radiation measured after phantom transmission. Taken together, our data indicate that application of DRF shielding cloth for radiation reduction at non-procedural sites during interventional procedure results in reduction of scattered doses to patients and operators, without affecting the medical examinations. We propose the use of DRF shielding during angiointerventional procedures, in order to reduce the risk of radiation exposure of patients and operators.


Abstract Background and aim : Despite the recognition of the clinical instructor impact on quality of nursing students' learning, recent research indicate many problems in nursing instructors' performance. Many factors contribute to effective clinical teaching and the instructors' clinical experience may affect their teaching quality. The aim of this study was to explore student nurses' experiences regarding their clinical teachers' experiences in nursing practice . Method and materials: A qualitative approach was used for the study. The study protocol was approved by research committee of the school of medical education. A purposive sample of undergraduate nursing students at their internship placements participated in the study. Data were collected by semi structured interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A conventional content analysis approach was used for data analysis. Data saturation was reached by 12th interview . Results : After coding and clustering the data 6 themes emerged. These themes were as below: 1- peace of mind 2- getting interested in nursing 3- effective clinical learning (impact of working with an instructor who has clinical experience) and 4-anxiety 5-no interest in nursing 6- ineffective clinical teaching ( working with instructors without any clinical experience). Conclusion: The clinical background and nursing skills of clinical teachers is a major factor for effective teaching in clinicalsettings. References: - Aein F, Alhani F, Anoosheh M (2010). The experiences of nursing students, instructors, and hospital administrators of nursing clerkship. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. .9 (3) 191-20 (Persian). - Aliakbari F, Haghani F(2011). Patient 's bedside teaching: Advantages and disadvantages. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 10 (5) 1161-1176 (Persian) - Alavi M, Abedi H(2008). Nursing students' experiences and perceptions of effective instructor in clinical education. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 7 (2) 325-334(Persian). - Amini A, Barzegar M, Hatamy F (2001). The state of clinical competencies of medical students in performing basic clinical procedures at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Iranian Journal of Medical Education.1 (4) 9-16 (Persian). - BartzC, Dean-Baar S (2003) Reshaping clinical nursing education: An academic – service partnership. Journal of Professional Nursing. 19(4) 216 – 222. - Chisari RG, MeisenhelderJB (2001) .Organizational strategies for clinical theaching. Nurse Educator. 26(1) 16,32-38. - Gaberson K, Oermann M (2007). Clinical Teaching Strategies in Nursing. 2nd ed. NewYork: Springer Publishing Company . - Granheim U H, Lundmam B(2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research:concepts, procedures and measures to achieve - trustworthiness. Nurse Education Today.24( ) 105-112 - Hassani P, Cheraghi F, Yaghmaei F(2008). Self-efficacy and self-regulated learning in clinical performance of nursing students: A qualitative research. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 8 (1) 33-42(Persian). - Hassan Zahraei R, Atash Sokhan G, Salehi S, Ehsanpour S, Hassanzadeh A (2008). Comparing the factors related to the effective clinical teaching from faculty members' and students' points of view. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 7 (2) 249-256 (Persian) . - Hosoda Y(2006).Development and testing of a clinical learning environment diagnostic inventory for baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing.56(5)480-90. - Jouybari L, Sanagoo A (2009). An effective istructor: A deep look at students and instructors' experiences and perspectives. Strides in Development of Medical Education . 6( 2)139-148(Persian). - Mardani Hamuleh M, Heidari H, Changiz T (2011). Evaluation of clinical education status from the viewpoints of nursing students. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 10 (4) 500-511. - Mayo A, Omery A, Agocs –Scott L M et al (2010). Clinical nurse specialist practice pattern. Clinical Nurse Specialist. 24(2) 60-68. - Moghari sadat mahalleh M,Soghrati V (2008) . Internship nursing students' viewpoints on their clinical skills. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research (IJNR). 2 (7) 45-53(Persian). - Mollahadi M. (2010) Importance of clinical educating in nursery .Scientific Journal of Education Strategies in Medical Sciences. 2 (4) 153-159. - Monaham R (1991) Potential outcomes of clinical experience. Journal of Nursing Education . 30(4) 176-81. - Nazari R., Mohammadi E.(2012) . Effective organizational factors on a clinical teacher competency; A qualitative research. Bimonthly of Education Strategies in Medical Sciences. 4 (4) 165-170(Persian) . - Parsa Yekta Z, Ahmadi F, Tabari R.(2005 ). Factors defined by nurses as influential upon the development of clinical competence.Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences.14 (54) 19-23(Persian). - Rahimi A, Ahmadi F(2005). The obstacles and improving strategies of clinical education from the viewpoints of Clinical instructors in Tehran's Nursing Schools. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 5 (2) 73-80 (Persian). - Rostami, Rahmani, Ghahremanian, Zamanzadeh (2010 ).Clinical performance of nurse trainers from viewpoints of student Nnrses and nurse trainers of Azad Islamic University. Iran Jouernal of Nursing .22 (62) 22-31(Persian). - Sajadi Hazaveh M, Khosravi Sh (2014). [Determining novice nurses` experiences in professional preparation: A content analysis]. Nursing Education.3(2)1-11(Persian). - Sanagoo A, Jouybari L (2003).[ The characterisctics of a competent clinical teacher. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 10(28)(Persian). - Schonwetter DJ, Lavigne S, Mazurat R, Nazarko O (2006). Students` perceptions of effective classroom and clinical teaching in dental and dental hygiene education. Journal of dental education. 70 (6) 624-635. - Seif A(2003) [An Introduction to Learning Theories]. Tehran Doran Publication (Persian).. - Smith Mc N, Donna K (2001) . Staff Nurse view of their productivity and non productivity. Healthcare ManagementReview.26(2)7-19. - Valizadeh S, Abedi H, Zamanzadeh V, Fathiazar E(2008). Challenges of nursing students during their study: A qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 7 (2) 397-407 (Persian). - Watson R (2002). Clinical competence: starships enterprise or strait jackets. Nursing Education Today .22(6)476-80. -Yamani N, Liaghatdar M, Changiz T, Adibi P( 2010) .[How do medical students learn professionalism during clinical education? A qualitative study of faculty members' and interns' experiences]. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 9 (4) 382-395(Persian). - Yazdankhah Far , Pouladi S, Kamali F, et al (2009). [The stressing factors in Clinical Education: The Viewpoints of Students]. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. .8 (2) 341-350 - Hassan Zahraei R, Atash Sokhan G, Salehi S, Ehsanpour S, Hassanzadeh A. Comparing the Factors Related to the Effective Clinical Teaching from Faculty Members' and Students' Points of View. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2008; 7 (2) :249-256 -Zaighami R, Faseleh M, Jahanmiri S, Ghodsbin F(2004). Nursing students' viewpoints about the problems of clinical teaching. The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. 8 (1) 51-55(Persian).


We have developed a methodology that combines the three emission mechanisms into one framework based on analytical, rather than numerical, methods. An account of the development shall be given. The approach demarcates "field-like" and "thermal-like" regimes dictated by which expansions of the current density integral dominate. Methods to regroup the expansions are shown, and the result exhibits a compelling symmetry as a function of the parameters used to characterize emission. The derivation of an equation for emittance and beam brightness from the methodology will be applied to a photocathode in particular.


Through the damage phenomena of the hangers,combining the construction features of the hangers of the steel pipe concrete arch bridge,a conclusion is reached in the thesis that cables damage,anchorage damage,protection damage and short hanger damage are the most important causes for the dilapidation of the hangers,and introduce two designing ways,then introduce some new ideas for the protection of the hanger.


OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM) actively counter proinflammatory cascades. A deficit of SPMs is one possible mechanism through which inflammation leads to the development of atherosclerotic disease. The purpose of this study is to characterize the profiles of intermediates of SPM synthesis pathways and end-product SPMs in the plasma of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A cross-sectional sample of 52 patients with PAD was recruited at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PAD was defined as the presence of claudication symptoms and an ankle-brachial index <0.9, or a history of revascularization for claudication. Patients were excluded if they were taking immunosuppressive medications, had a severe acute illness (infection, surgery, illness, critical limb ischemia) within the last 30 days, or had severe hepatic, renal, or nonvascular inflammatory disease. Intermediates of SPM synthesis pathways and end-product SPMs were measured in plasma samples of patients by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The average age of the cohort was 69±6.3 and patient comorbidities reflected common comorbidities associated with PAD (hypertension 96%, hyperlipidemia 87%, diabetes mellitus 42%, coronary artery disease 34%). Rutherford categories, measurements of PAD symptom severity, ranged from 0 to III (0 10%, I 40%, II 27%, III 23%). Three EPA products were measured: 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), resolvin E1 (RvE1), and resolvin E2 (RvE2). 18-HEPE, an intermediate of SPM synthesis, was detectable in the plasma of every patient (median: 105 pg/mL, IQR: 54.9–195), whereas the SPM end-products, RvE1 and RvE2, were only detectable in 6 and 10 patients, respectively. In total, 7 DHA products were measured: 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA), 17-HDHA, resolvin D1 (RvD1), resolvin D2 (RvD2), protectin D1, protectin DX, and maresin 1. The intermediates 14-HDHA (median: 6546 pg/mL, IQR: 3329–12061) and 17-HDHA (median: 644 pg/mL, IQR: 340–1056) were detectable in the plasma of every patient. However, the end-products RvD1, RvD2, protectin D1, protecin DX, and maresin 1 were identified in less than half of the cohort. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We report the presence of several intermediates of SPM synthesis pathways (18-HEPE, 14-HDHA, and 17-HDHA) in every patient but the presence of SPM end-products in only a limited portion of the cohort. These results suggest that some patients with PAD may have a deficit of SPMs. Further investigation is required to better understand the role of SPMs and mediators of resolution of inflammation in PAD.


The invention discloses a water source heat pump and wind power generation combined refrigeration system and a scheduling method thereof. A user adopts a refrigeration fan coil method and a heat pump power consumption method for refrigeration. The user adopts the refrigeration fan coil method and an air conditioner power consumption method for refrigeration. After a comprehensive scheduling control device detects energy supply and user energy consumption situation at a certain period, a prediction is made for a future certain period; on the premise that power supply and refrigeration supply are satisfied, the hot water flow of a refrigeration centralized heat-absorbing-type refrigerator is reduced, the refrigerating capacity in shortage is compensated through refrigeration by consuming power, and the refrigeration by consuming power not only can compensate the deficiency of cooling water refrigeration, but also can increase the power load at a valley period; and in combination with wind power generation and heat and power cogeneration, the heat and power output and the change of user power consumption load are regulated according to the fluctuation of wind power generation, and through equal detection cycles and regulation cycles, the goal of user-side smooth output equivalent to wind power is realized.


An ultra-wideband antenna with a conical ground and trident inset feeding structure is presented. The antenna consists of a U-shaped monopole designed on a printed circuit board and a three-dimensional conical aluminium mold, serving as the ground. Low frequency ( $ < {1}$ GHz) matching is achieved with the trident feed branches by inserting them into the monopole. Simulation studies show that the proposed 3-D conical ground outperforms horizontal or flat-lying ground models in terms of impedance matching bandwidth and radiation pattern omni-directivity. The 3-D ground also helps to stably mount the antenna in a measurement facility. Simulation and measured results presented in this paper demonstrate that the proposed antenna is suitable as a testing antenna with omnidirectional radiation patterns over a broad bandwidth. A 14.6:1 bandwidth ratio (0.56 - 8.2 GHz) has been realized at a voltage standing wave ratio below 2:1 with antenna gain above 2 dBi.


Recent publicity surrounding disappointing results of clinical trials of homocysteine lowering has led to the claim that 'homocysteine is dead'. However, there is strong evidence that elevated plasma total homocysteine is an important independent risk factor, and the highly plausible biological rationale is the following: total homocysteine increases coagulation, impairs endothelial function, increases oxidative stress and low density lipoprotein oxidation, and treatment with vitamins reverses these effects and halts progression of carotid plaque. Some studies have shown clinical benefit of vitamin therapy in coronary angioplasty and peripheral vascular disease. It has recently become apparent that vitamin B12 absorption is impaired in the elderly, and that metabolic B12 deficiency is much commoner than would be appreciated by statistical definitions of 'normal' serum B12; higher doses of B12 and perhaps other therapies such as betaine and thiols may be needed to achieve adequate reductions of total homocysteine. It remains likely that effective lowering of total homocysteine will reduce stroke and other vascular events.


With finite element model of Ansys software,the model of reinforced concrete beam is established under monotonous loads.At the basic of cracking and ultimate loads between Ansys calculate value and experimental ones,the stress changing of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic(CFRP) and concrete are analyzed at different loads.The cracking and development rules are also simulated.The results show that the maximum error of Ansys calculate values and experimental ones is in 10.2%,function of the CFRP conform to experimental ones,the distribution and development of crack also accord with experimental ones.


Book description: This book addresses aspects of popular/public culture in a manner that connects with contemporary political controversy i.e. liberalization, Hinduvata, etc. This volume concentrates mainly on film and mass media, and includes contributions by Ravi Vasudevan, Patricia Uberoi, Sara Dickey, Nicholas Dirks and a number of first-rate South Asian scholars.


study, butno majordegradation wasobserved. Someof theseimpurities were already present in thecommercial product before thesolution wasdiluted. Thepeak area of these compounds represented 0.20% and0.13%of themaincompound on day 0 and increased up to 0.87%and0.35%on day90 afterbeing stored atroomtemperature andnotprotectedfrom light. The assaywasconducted on PVC-free infusion bags,as manyinteractions have been describedbetweendrugs and PVC containers.' A working concentration of 025 mg/mLwaschosen,as it is the minimal concentration prescribed byphysicians. As described by Andre et al,z oxaliplatin's shelf life is up to 30 days underrefrigeration or at roomtemperature. Ourresults allowthisstability period to be extended to90 daysin PVC-free bagsat a lowconcentration(0.25mg/mL). Consequently, the extended stability of 90 days allowsoxaliplatin 025 mglmL solutions in5% dextrose PVC-free bagsto be prepared in advance understerile conditions in ourpharmacy departmentsand to be stored at roomtemperature untiltheiradministration to patients.


Objective To explore the relationship between quality of life and stigma among persons with HIV infection or AIDS.Methods Anonymous,self-administrated surveys were completed by 215 people living with HIV/AIDS,by using WHOQOL-BREF (Chinese version) and Berger-HIV Stigma Scale to measure quality of life and perceived stigma.Canonical correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between quality of life and stigma.Results The average scores of four domains were 50.74 (physical),46.01 (psychological),53.78 (social relationships) and 43.94 (environment) for quality of life,and 49.89 (personalized stigma),29.77 (disclosure concerns),35.18 (negative self-image) and 57.80 (concern with public attitudes toward people with HIV) for Stigma,respectively.Canonical correlation analysis revealed that negative self-image and psychological domain were the main factor for perceived stigma and quality of life,respectively.There was a significant negative correlation between negative self-image and psychological level of quality of life (canonical correlation coefficient 0.4938,P0.05).Conclusion The less the negative self-image,the higher psychological level of quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS.


A large-scale Late Cenozoic overthrust system has been found in the southern East Kunlun Mountains through tectonic mapping and geological reconnaissance in the Dongdatan-East Wenquan area. Along the low-angle overthrust Early Permian marble and Early Triassic sandy slate were thrust southward over Paleocene-Eocene purplish red conglomerate of the Paleocene-Eocene Fenghuoshan Group and brick-red sandy conglomerate of the Oligocene Yaxicuo Group, forming many klippen of varying scales, and thick fault breccia and gouge and locally carbonate mylonite formed along major thrust faults. The overthrusting in the southern East Kunlun Mountains occurred in the late Oligocene-early Miocene, mainly at 26-13.5 Ma. The minimal displacement and average rate of southward overthrusting are estimated to be ~30-35 km and 2.4-2.8 mm/a respectively. The Late Cenozoic overthrusting in the southern East Kunlun is inferred to have dynamic relation to the rapid uplift of the present-day Kunlun Mountains.


Phononic crystals (PC) can be used to control the dispersion properties of acoustic waves, which are essential to direct their propagation. We use a PC-based two-dimensional solid/solid composite to demonstrate experimentally and theoretically the spatial filtering of a monochromatic non-directional wave source and its emission in a surrounding water medium as an ultra-directional beam with narrow angular distribution. The phenomenon relies on square-shaped equifrequency contours (EFC) enabling self-collimation of acoustic waves within the phononic crystal. Additionally, the angular width of collimated beams is controlled via the EFC size-shrinking when increasing frequency.


AIM To study the role of mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium channels in the myocardial protection associated with the propofol. METHODS Isolated SD rat hearts were perfused by the Langendorff method at a constant flow rate, and left ventricular function and coronary pressure were assessed using standard methods. To assess the role of K ATP channels, hearts were pretreated with the K ATP blocker 5 hydroxydecanoate (5 HD)(100 μmol·L -1 ) and then exposed to either control buffer or buffer containing propofol(100 μmol·L -1 ) or the combination of propofol and 5 HD or buffer containing 5 HD. After stabilization in K H solution for 20 min, the hearts were rendered globally ischemic for 25 min, then reperfusion began with K H solution for 30 min. The left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure( LVEDP) were recorded by the Maclab.The value of MDA was determined at the end of reperfusion. RESULTS The Hearts treated with propofol or propofol plus 5 HD showed significantly higher recovery of left ventricular developed pressure and reduced left ventricular end diastolic pressures compared with the controls ( P 0 05). In contrast, there was no significant differences between porpofol and propofol plus 5 HD ( P 0 05) groups. Whereas there was also no significant differences between control and 5 HD ( P 0 05) group. Treatment with propofol or the combination of propofol and 5 HD delayed the onset of contracture during ischemia compared with control or 5 HD treatments for (6 4±2 1) min or (6 8±2 5) min vs (4 4±1 4) min or (4 2±1 6) min, respectively; P 0 05). At the end of reperfusion, the value of MDA in control, propofol and propofol plus 5 HD and 5 HD was (113 7±20 9), (89 4±13 7), (91 9±14 4) nmol·100 mg -1 and 114 8±19 7 nmol·100 mg -1 ,respectively. The value of MDA in propofol or propofol plus 5 HD was significantly lower than the control or 5 HD group( P 0 05),whereas there was no significant difference between propofol and the combination of propofol and 5 HD( P 0 05). The LVEDP in propofol or propofol plus 5 HD increased more slowly than in the control or 5 HD group. Maximal LVEDP occurred 17 min or 16 min,respectively after ischemia in the control group,whereas it occurred 20 and 22 min after ischemia in propofol and propofol plus 5 HD groups, respectively( P 0 05). Pretreament with 5 HD had no effect on the cardioprotection associated with propofol preconditioning. CONCLUSION Mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium channels is not in volved in the cardioprotection by propofol preconditioning.


To expand the intermediate frequency (IF) band and improve the sensitivity of a hot electron bolometer mixer (HEBM), we have proposed and examined a new HEBM structure using a nickel (Ni) magnetic thin film (Ni-HEBM). We found that it was possible to suppress the superconductivity under the electrodes of the HEBM caused by the niobium nitride (NbN) thin film for construction of the superconducting strip by the addition of a Ni thin film. By using Ni-HEBM structure, superconductivity exists only in the region between both electrodes and we think that it is possible to further miniaturize the HEBM. The miniaturization acts to expand the IF band, improve the sensitivity and is expected to reduce the required LO power. By using the Au (100nm) / Ni (0.6 nm) bilayer for the electrodes, we fabricated Ni-HEBM with a NbN strip of 0.1 μm-length. The IF bandwidth of the fabricated Ni-HEBMs was evaluated at 1.9 THz. We confirmed that the IF bandwidth expands, and the evaluated bandwidths was about 6.9 GHz at 4 K.


Proper group formation is essential in conducting a productive collaborative learning session. It specifies the internal structure that the collaborating groups should have based on roles. The Group formation is a dynamic and a challenging component. In some cases, more than one group formation is made during a single session and more than one role a single participant undertakes. Group population is another essential process that follows group formation. Group population is concerned with the process of assigning participants to groups and roles. There are several group population methods that are used in Computer Support for Collaborative Learning environment.
The main challenge in group population is the partial filling situation. Partial filling is happened when some participants fail to attend their assigned groups at the start of a session. Partial filling could be caused by various reasons. It could be caused by human's mistakes or by technical faults. In this paper, a correction algorithm is described to balance back the groups' participation levels. This algorithm is based on three main phases: Group Elimination, External Transfer, and Internal Transfer phase. The algorithms of these phases are fully described in this paper.


This note is a continuation of our paper [ 1 ], where we have considered nests {xa} in a topological space X such that lim f(xa) exists for all / e S. They are called S-nests. Here 5 is a non-empty subset of C = C(X), the class of all continuous and bounded functions on X. In [ 1 ] it is shown that compactness of X'\% equivalent to each of the following two conditions: every C-nest in X converges; every two-valued Baire measure on X is degenerate. It is also shown that every compactification bX can be constructed by means of an S-nest, where S = {/ | X : / 6 C(bX)}. The problem arises of studying nests {xa} c Xsuch that lim/(.xa) exists for all feS*. We call them 5*-nests. Here 5* is a non-empty subset of C* = C*(X), the class of all continuous functions on X. The results of [1 ] extend to the case of 5*-nests. Here 0-extensions of X make their appearance, which fall into disjoint classes connected in a natural way with compactiflcations of X (see Theorem 2). The spaces to be considered Tikhonov spaces and function spaces are real-valued. The notation is the same as in [1 ]. By a β-space we mean a space on which every two-valued σ-smooth Baire measure is degenerate ([2], p.88). By a β-extension of X we mean a £?-space containing X as a dense subspace. The method of nests is applied in [3] to construct iT-compactifications. There one can find the following lemma, for which we give a new proof connected with measures.


The present invention, PCB and; And a power device joined to a top of the PCB; And a connecting member which is located in the upper portion of the power device; It relates to the power device in the power element and the coupling assembly of the PCB, including primary fastening means for fixing the PCB. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to increase the bonding strength between the PCB of the power device, not only can reduce the amount of heat generated increases the electrical efficiency, it is possible to improve the cooling effect, it becomes possible to more rapid heating through the connecting member.


In this paper, we obtained some fixed point results for continuous mappings satisfying a generalized contractive condition in the setting of two metrics space endowed with a binary relation. Our theorems generalize and extend several known results in the literature. As application, we establish an existence theorem for the solution of a nonlinear first order differential equation. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 46T99; 41A50; 47H10; 54H25


Background: Hemangioma is the most common vascular tumor in infancy. Recent studies show Propranolol efficacy on hemangioma treatment due to its rapid effect and a few side effects. The aim of this study was to assessment the efficacy of Propranolol on pediatric haemangioma. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 20 children refer to Bu-Ali hospital. Treatment indications were multiple hemangioma, organ malfunction and enlarging hemangioma. Treatment of patients was started with 1 mg/kg/day and then increased to 3 mg/kg/day and continued for 6 month. Collected data analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS-19. Results: Patients mean age was 23.2 ± 11.2 months. 65% of them were female and 35% were male. The mean size of damages was 4.9 ± 3.3 cm. 70% of patients had acceptable response with more than 50% and 30% had partial response with less than 50% decrease in size. This effect is similar to corton effect (about 84%) but with less side effects. Conclusions: This study showed that Propranolol has acceptable effect on decreasing size of hemangioma and could be recommended as a first choice of hemangioma treatment.


The invention in particular relates to a preparation method of a health-care buckwheat electuary, belonging to the technical field of food processing. The preparation method of the health-caring buckwheat electuary comprises the following steps: weighing a certain weight of buckwheat powder, adding water for size mixing, adding alpha-amylase, hydrolyzing for 30-40 minutes at 85-90 DEG C, reducing the hydrolysis temperature to 60-65 DEG C, adjusting the pH value to be 4.0-5.0, adding glucoamylase, saccharifying for 2 hours at 60-65 DEG C, reducing the temperature to 50 DEG C, adding acid proteinase, cellulose, xylanase and lipase, carrying out enzymolysis for 3 hours at 45-50 DEG C, carrying out enzyme deactivation for 10 minutes at 121 DEG C, and thus obtaining finished products by grinding by a colloid mill, homogenizing and drying by centrifugally spraying. According to the preparation method of the health-caring buckwheat electuary, the prepared buckwheat electuary is reserved with original nutritional ingredients of buckwheat and fine and smooth in taste and easy to digest and absorb, and the shortages of rough taste and difficult digestion of buckwheat are effectively solved.


Like her favorite author Jane Austen, Rowling uses a third-person limited omniscient point of view to demonstrate the necessity of perspective and sympathy for moral growth. For Rowling, as for Austen, moral authority depends upon knowing the self in relation to others; this knowledge allows moral agency in the future.


Efforts to design catalytic schemes approaching reversibility in which the catalyst is active for both the oxidation and reduction processes are attracting active attention boosted by recent successes. Kinetic analysis of such systems, by electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), would contribute to establish reliable mechanisms. So far, the relationships required to achieve this task have been restrained to irreversible catalytic schemes. The purpose of the present communication is to fill this gap. As a preliminary contribution, the analysis is limited to simple on-electron-one step schemes so as to set out the main features of the competition between catalytic reaction and diffusion transport of catalyst and substrates. Emphasis is put on S-shaped CV responses, which offer the best opportunities to accessing the detailed kinetic information forming the basis for determination of mechanisms.


Two Cu-SAPO-34 samples with similar chemical compositions but different crystallite sizes of 10 μm and 2 μm, respectively, were obtained by modifying crystallization conditions. The effect of crystallite size on the low-temperature hydrothermal stability of Cu-SAPO-34 was comparatively investigated. The results showed that Cu-SAPO-34 with smaller particle size possessed better resistance to treatment at 70 °C in humid conditions. During low-temperature hydrothermal aging, isolated Cu2+ species in Cu-SAPO-34 tended to be attacked by water vapor to form Cu(OH)2 species, which can combine with extra-framework Al to form inactive CuAl2O4 species. The superior stability of Cu-SAPO-34 with smaller crystallite size is primarily attributed to the lower Cu concentration on the crystal surface compared with the sample with larger particle size. Thus, more active Cu sites were maintained on small-size Cu-SAPO-34 after low-temperature hydrothermal aging.


The phase constitution and grain size of ballmilling FeNi powders with alcohol as well as the lattice parameter evolution were investigated by Xray diffraction. The condition of ballmilling was taken as follow: the weight ratio of ball to powder is 6∶1, and the revolving velocity is 240?r/min. It is shown that the Fe concentration in the Ni fcc phase increases with increasing the ballmilling time. The fcc solid solution γ(FeNi) is formed after milling 12?h. The αFe is separated out gradually from the γ(FeNi) phase above milling 18?h. The fcc γ phase becomes pure again Ni after milling 48?h. With further increasing the milling time, the lattice parameter of the αFe phase decreases. With increasing Ni atom fraction in the FeNi mixture meanwhile that of fcc phase increases.


This paper presents the application of a mathematical model for simulation of the swirling flow in a tube induced by elliptic-cut and classical twist tape inserts. Effects of the twist ratio (.93, 3.91, and 4.89) and cut depth (, 0.8, and 1.4 cm) on heat transfer enhancement (Nu) and friction factor (f) in laminar flow are numerically investigated. The simulation is carried out using commercial CFD package (FLUENT-6.3.26) to grasp the physical behaviour of the thermal and fluid flows of a constant heat-fluxed tube fitted with elliptic-cut twist tape in the laminar flow regime for the Reynolds number ranging from 200 to 2100. The simulated results matched the literature correlations of plain tube for validation with 8% variation for Nusselt number and 10% for friction factor. The results show that the heat transfer rate and friction factor in the tube equipped with elliptic-cut twist tape (ECT) are significantly higher than those fitted with classical twist tape (CTT). Moreover the results also reveal that the Nusselt number and the friction factor in the tube with elliptic-cut twisted tape (ECT) increase with decreasing twist ratios (y) and cut depths (w).


This text appears as a reflective essay about educational resources and processes of significance in educational relations. Based on the work of Vygotsky, the centrality of language as a means / mode of signification  and the role of individuals in interaction are highlighted, considering the importance that the act of teaching has as starting point and goal of knowledge production. Reflecting on the use of textbooks, the Internet, audiovisual resources, experimentation, and scheduled visits, we emphasize that, in science education, the development of modes of operation attentive to the cultural transformations of science and technology establish increasingly rich and diverse social interactions, which are also more challenging and complex... Keywords: Teaching Resources; Meaning; Teaching Relationships.


A counter for a flow meter is disclosed. The counter comprises a liquid fillable and sealable housing containing at least one rotatable counter wheel. The counter wheel has at least one and preferably three apertures for allowing gas bubbles in the housing to move away from the wheel when the housing is filled with liquid. The apertures are preferably offset from the wheel's centre.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA) describes the appearance or persistence of central sleep apnea while undergoing treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). TECSA is well-studied in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy with an estimated prevalence of 8%. Based on few case reports, mandibular advancement devices (MAD) may also provoke TECSA. This study aims to gain insight into the prevalence of TECSA with MAD therapy.

METHODS
This retrospective study includes a total of 129 patients with moderate to severe OSA who were treated with a custom-made titratable MAD. Baseline and follow-up sleep studies were compared to identify patients with TECSA. Since different diagnostic criteria to define TECSA are used in literature, prevalence was calculated according to three definitions (TECSA-1, -2, and -3). Demographics, MAD treatment variables, and findings of the diagnostic polysomnography were compared between TECSA and non-TECSA patients to identify possible predictors.

RESULTS
Depending on the definition used, TECSA was found in 3.1% to 7.8% of patients undergoing MAD therapy. TECSA patients had a higher apnea index (AI, 9.2 vs. 2.0 events/h, p=0.042), central apnea-hypopnea index (CAHI, 4.1 vs. 0.2 events/h, p=0.045) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI, 23.9 vs. 16.3 events/h, p=0.018) at baseline compared to non-TECSA patients. No differences were found in demographics and treatment variables.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrate that TECSA also occurs in patients starting MAD treatment. Patients with TECSA had a higher AI, CAHI, and ODI at baseline compared to non-TECSA patients.


The article analyzes the nature of cavitation damage of elements of the forced diesel speed regulators engines. The technological cavitation damage decrease method is offered here for surface-active materials.


Today's notion of multiskilling demands that workers are proficient in a range of workplace tasks. Skills are taught either in work-based classes or in the work site. Trained teachers teach generic skills such as the use of office technology, crane operation or forklift driving. However, as Dymock and Gerber (1999) demonstrate, the interpretation of these skills varies depending on the specific workplace context. Specialist operators on site teach the use of specialist heavy machinery. In a recently completed study of workers who self-report literacy difficulties (Author, 2005), two interesting cases of high quality workplace teaching emerged. In the first instance the teacher had neither completed high school nor gained any post school qualifications. The second was a case of a supervisor's determination to help a worker reach his workplace potential. This paper examines both cases, demonstrating how they extend Billett's (2001) concept of workplace affordances resulting in troublesome workers becoming highly productive and highly valued employees. In addition, it draws on these cases to illustrate how the constructivist concept of the zone of proximal development is expanded and functions in adult learning settings.


A preliminary design and feasibility study has been conducted for a 200 kWe solar thermal power plant for operation in Ontario. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of small-scale commercial solar thermal power production in areas of relatively low insolation. The design has been developed for a convention centre site in Toronto, Ontario. The plant utilizes a portion of the large flat roof area of the convention centre to accommodate the collector array. Each power plant module provides a constant electrical output of 200 kWe throughout the year. The system is capable of maintaining the constant output during periods of low insolation, including night-time hours and cloudy periods, through a combination of thermal storage and a supplemental natural gas heat source. The powerplant utilized the organic Ranking cycle (ORC) to allow for relatively low source temperatures from the solar collector array. A computer simulation model was developed to determine the performance of the system year-round using the utilizability-solar fraction method. The ORC powerplant uses R245fa as the working fluid and operates at an overall efficiency of 11.1%. The collector is a non-concentrating evacuated tube type and operates at a temperature of 90°C with an average annual efficiency of 23.9%. The system is capable of achieving annual solar fractions of 0.686 to 0.874 with collector array areas ranging from 30 000 to 40 000 m2 and storage tank sizes ranging from 3.8 to 10 × 106 L respectively. The lowest possible cost of producing electricity from the system is $0.393 CAD/kWh. The results of the study suggest that small-scale solar thermal plants are physically viable for year round operation in Ontario. The proposed system may be economically feasible given Ontario's fixed purchase price of $0.42 CAD/kWh, but the cost of producing electricity from the system is highly dependent on the price of the solar collector.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


A Journal article by Dr. Leah Mutanu, a Lecturer in Information Systems Technology at the School of Science and Technology in USIU- Africa


Text mining applies the same analytical functions of data mining to the domain of textual information, relying on sophisticated text analysis techniques that distill information from free-text documents. IBM's Intelligent Miner for Text provides the necessary tools to unlock the business information that is "trapped" in email, insurance claims, news feeds, or other document repositories. It has been successfully applied in analyzing patent portfolios, customer complaint letters, and even competitors' Web pages. After defining our notion of "text mining", we focus on the differences between text and data mining and describe in some more detail the unique technologies that are key to successful text mining.


Finite-element and analytical models are used in this study to predict the low-cycle fatigue life of undermatched (lower yield strength) weldments of HY-100 steel. The objective was to determine the feasibility of replacing conventional overmatched welds in marine structures. Fatigue tests were performed on standard, smooth specimens, notched cylindrical specimens and a four-point-bend test on a full-scale butt beam specimen. Numerical analyses were conducted using finite elements, with a two-surface plasticity algorithm to simulate the cyclic behavior of the individual materials. The stress and strain concentrations at the notches were also evaluated using two analytical models: the Neuber and Glinka relations. The finite-element predictions compared well with experimental data and produced detailed predictions of the strain distributions, which were then used to assess the crack initiation life. Glinka's relation demonstrated superior predictive capabilities for local strains over Neuber's relation


In P2P file-sharing systems, users' file transferring and downloading behaviors are invisible and non-reproducible. In order to monitor the distribution process and diffusion characteristics in those P2P systems, we implemented a resources monitoring and tracking system for BT and eMule. It continuously retrieves the BT and eMule production servers and crawls data exchanging information among peers in real-time. The system persistently saves data for tracking and searching purposes. By analyzing some target resource files, we find that resources' diffusion patterns often vary in different P2P systems. Our experiments were based on two popular Chinese websites: 5Q Zone(5q.com, BT protocol) and VeryCD (verycd.com, eMule protocol) By studying the characteristics of resources distribution, introducing three P2P resources diffusion models, and giving a quantitative resource diffuseness formula, it concluded that basing on the early-stage distribution trends of a resource file, it is possible to predict its overall distribution pattern later on, which provided a screening guidance to better monitor or track resources in these systems.


This article describes a COMETT project in the field of artificial intelligence and expert systems. The project's transnational dimension, its use of innovative training materials and the development of a modular approach are all outlined. The article concludes by emphasizing the centrality of the human resource.


Background: During everyday locomotion, one may often be required to quickly initiate a step to avoid potentially threatening situations such as collisions, obstacles, and falls. Objectives: To investigate voluntary step execution of Parkinson's patients during single and dualtask conditions and to compare it with those of older adult subjects. Methods: Fifteen male Parkinson's patients (study group) and fifteen male healthy older adults (control group) participated in this study. The age ranged from 50 to 60 years for both groups. Rapid forward voluntary stepping was performed as a reaction time task while standing on a force platform and (1) awaiting a cutaneous cue (single task) and (2) awaiting a cutaneous cue while performing an attentiondemanding Stroop task (dual task).The step initiation phase, preparatory and swing phases were extracted from ground reaction force data. Results: Parkinson's patients were significantly longer than healthy older adults in all step parameters duration during dual task condition, particularly step initiation phase duration. Conclusion: The significant increase in step initiation time during the dual task in Parkinson's patients suggests that they lacked sufficient attentional capacity to divide attention between a voluntary postural task and a cognitive task or their capacity was limited by slowness of information processing speed. Key word: Parkinson's disease, Attention, Stroop task, Force platform, step execution -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 16-09-2019 Date of Acceptance: 01-10-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Automobile industry is the key driver of any growing economy and plays a pivotal role in country's rapid economic and industrial development. The study will be helpful in understanding the pattern and the structure of financial variables of Sample Company. Liquidity is the more important aspect to run the business without any interruption. The main objective of the paper is to know the liquidity position and provide suitable suggestions to strengthen the liquidity position of Ashok Leyland Ltd., by the use of liquidity ratios such as current ratio, Absolute liquid ratio, Debtor's turnover ratio, Working capital turnover ratio and quick ratio for the time spanning from 2008-09 to 2017-18.


The modeling and control problems are investigated for cold rolling mill system. Firstly, we establish a monitor automatic gauge control (MAGC) model for a practical cold rolling mill system. The new model is with mismatched uncertainties. Then, an extended state observer (ESO) is developed to estimate uncertainties. In the general high-order systems, the ESO is also used to estimate states. By dynamic surface control method, we design the controller to guarantee stabilization of the cold rolling mill system. Furthermore, we extend proposed method to general high-order systems, in which we analyze the difference from cold rolling mill system. Finally, simulation results for MAGC system are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.


I have been writing a thesis. I tell my friends that it has been a process which involves 'Blood, Sweat and Tears' and they nod sagely and give the right, polite responses. But this is not just a cliche. Although the blood was restricted to a couple of paper cuts, the last of those bodily emissions, the tears, were very real, and sometimes quite copious - to the dismay of my husband.
My thesis concerns the Fourie collection of Khoisan material with which I had worked for many years at MuseuMAfricA. It contained many wonderful and enchanting objects, like ostrich egg beads, worn to a mellow, ivory shine; delicately made but deadly poisoned arrows; leather which was cured to be as soft as velvet; and sandals with spikes for running in the sands of the Kalahari.


Background: Oxidative stress affects various functions in fema le reproduction and its role in female infertility is proposed. Hence it was of int erest to analyze serum and follicular fluid (FF) Malondialdehyde (MDA) among women undergoing IVF an d determine its association with IVF outcome determinants (age, subfertility duration, t ype of stimulation protocol used, fertilization potential of oocytes, embryo quality and post-IVF p regnancy). Materials and Methods: FF collected by transvaginal ultrasound guided ooc yte rupture and IV blood from 28 women (20-40years) undergoing IVF/ICS I, were analyzed for MDA following TBARS method and its association with IVF outcome p arameters were compared. Results: Mean MDA was significantly higher in serum than FF among all women tested (2.98 ± 0.14 Vs 2.23 ± 0.11; P=0.0001), IVF group (2.88 ± 0.16 Vs 2.25 ± 0.16; p =0.008) and ICSI group (3.10 ± 0.23 Vs 2.20 ± 0.15; P=0.005). No significant association was seen betwee n MDA and other parameters except embryo quality (r=0.378 , p=0.047). Conclusion: Low MDA in FF compared to serum evidences that FF h as an effective antioxidant mechanism to overcome oxidative stress. The importa nce of ROS in female reproduction is evidenced by positive correlation between MDA and e mbryo quality.


The interrelationships of the effects of frying time, oil temperature, and initial moisture content on moisture loss, oil absorption, and linear expansion of a tapioca starch chip half-product during deep-fat frying have been studied. Both oil absorption and linear expansion were affected, in different ways, by moisture loss. Oil absorption was essentially a quantitative water replacement process. On the other hand, linear expansion occurred as a result of rapid vaporization of water in the initial stages of frying, but reached a plateau before maximum moisture loss. Critical frying times, temperatures, and initial moisture contents, below which virtually no physical change occurred, were observed. The optimum set of frying parameters for maximum linear expansion appears to be a frying time of 40 s, an oil temperature of 200°C, and an initial moisture content of 15% (dry basis).


Small corrections to the uncertainty relations, with effects in the ultraviolet and/or infrared, have been discussed in the context of string theory and quantum gravity. Such corrections lead to small but finite minimal uncertainties in position and/or momentum measurements. It has been shown that these effects could indeed provide natural cutoffs in quantum field theory. The corresponding underlying quantum theoretical framework includes small ''noncommutative geometric'' corrections to the canonical commutation relations. In order to study the full implications on the concept of locality, it is crucial to find the physical states of then maximal localization. These states and their properties have been calculated for the case with minimal uncertainties in positions only. Here we extend this treatment, though still in one dimension, to the general situation with minimal uncertainties both in positions and in momenta.


The present research explores the potential methodological challenges in conducting qualitative fieldwork using schoolgirls in Nepal as participants. It particularly focuses on the logistic, academic, and social challenges that impact on the scholarly inquiry into aspects of schooling and the wider society in rural Nepal. The participants in this study were schoolgirls, and school drop-outs girls (12 - 16 years old), from Dalit community in Nepal. Schoolchildren, both in school and school drop-outs particularly girls, are an invaluable source of information on society and schooling. Although school-aged girls have the right to express their views, perceptions, opinions, and competencies, as much as adults do. However, their participation in research activities has been very rare in Nepal. This research applies various methodological tools to carry out this qualitative study in the school setting in Nepal and highlights the challenges associated with these methodologies, particularly the challenges related to confidentiality and interactions when using children as research participants.


"17 years" is an important period of development for the dramatic art form and concept of Chinese drama.By drawing on the traditional western realism,studying Stanislavsky's system,exploring the stage art forms and concept,which are important features of "17 years" drama,this article attempts to conduct the source of realism tradition in history,and the evolution of drama stage arts,in order to explore its achievements and insufficiency.


This paper target to the lag of code protection technology for Android platform. It presents the basic architecture of the Android platform, along with the damage of code tampering and injection based on the reverse analysis technology on Android platform. It use static analysis and dynamic debugging methods to study code reverse analysis and code protection technology on Android platform. A high-performance code protection scheme was presented which combined with bytecode filling, identifier confusion and dynamic code-loading technology.


Consensus on Agent persuasion can bring its advantage deeply,and it can reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of Agent negotiation.Definition of consensus on Agent persuasion is given,and it is classified into positive consensus and negative consensus.Based on these and combined with the theory of formal logic,positive consensus model on Agent persuasion is built,which is illustrated by an example.Relative evaluation system is constructed,which is verified by a calculation example.Result shows that this model and evaluation system can make Agent persuasion complete fast and in high efficiency.


Maximizing the energy reproduced from a solar power generation system becomes a challenging task when high changes in irradiation or Partial Shading (PS) are experienced. The latter case is considered as one of the unavoidable complicated phenomena since the Photovoltaic (PV) system is extremely affected by displaying numerous local maxima. Thus, it is compulsory to rigorously choose an accurate Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) which identifies effectively the unique Global Point (GP) and avoid any local peaks with the purpose of mitigating the impact of PS. Conventional methods are prone to failure in case of an unpredictable shadow. This paper introduces a comparative assessment of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based MPPT, Genetic Algorithm (GA) based MPPT and P&O for a partially shaded grid-connected photovoltaic system. The main contribution of the paper consists in developing a new variant of PSO algorithm which is a good tradeoff between simplicity, speed, and efficiency. The grid side control is investigated as well through developing different control loops with PID controllers tuned by GA. Various schemes of irradiation and PS are used in order to verify the ability of the threefold algorithms to adequately track the GP.


The results of theoretical calculations are listed and the experimental data are briefly reviewed. If the present experimental results are correct, we may have to abandon either the assumntion of time reversal invariance or the nresent formalism of the two component theory of the neutrino» or both. this brief review is written to make clear the present situat:lon of f3 theory and to consider the experimental possibilities for testing time reversal invariance directly. Most parts of this review are due the kind informations and. suggestions M. Morita B.


High frequency electromagnetic radiation driven by lower hybrid wave is studiedbased on three wave (the hybrid wave, high frequency electrostatic wave and electromagnetic wave) resonant interaction. The guiding center formalism of Vlasov equation is followed to obtain the nonlinear coupling coefficients including kinetic effects. Velocity space integrals in the coupling coefficients are strictly performed in small k z  approximation. General nonlinear dispersion relations of the parametric instability are obtained. Analytical analysis indicates that: (1) due to kinetic coupling effects, lower hybrid wave can excite electron Bernstein wave accompanied by high frequency electromagnetic wave; (2) the elctromagnectic radiation driven in this manner is thermal electron cyclotron radiation, and the intensity of the radiation is enhanced when increasing the plasma temperature and density. It is consistent with most experimental observations. This suggests that the present instability can be responsible for the enhanced electron cyclotron emission during lower hybrid wave drive and be regarded as the origin of the electron cyclotron emission in the plasma.


Abstract Objective: The objective of this presentation is to create awareness of stem cell applications in the ISORBE community and to foster a strategy of how the ISORBE community can disseminate information and promote the use of radiolabeled stem cells in biomedical applications. Methods: The continued excitement in Stem Cells, in many branches of basic and applied biomedical science, stems from the remarkable ability of stem cells to divide and develop into different types of cells in the body. Often called as Magic Seeds, stem cells are produced in bone marrow and circulate in blood, albeit at a relatively low concentration. These virtues together with the ability of stem cells to grow in tissue culture have paved the way for their applications to generate new and healthy tissues and to replace diseased or injured human organs. Although possibilities of stem cell applications are many, much remains yet to be understood of these remarkable magic seeds. Conclusion: This presentation shall briefly cover the origin of stem cells, the pros and cons of their growth and division, their potential application, and shall outline some examples of the contributions of radiolabeled stem cells, in this rapidly growing branch of biomedical science.