With the continuous development of China's market economy, market competition has become increasingly fierce. In this context, enterprises will face more and more problems. Among them, the financial crisis is undoubtedly the most significant and the biggest problem that threatens the survival and development of enterprises, and it is an unavoidable problem for all enterprises. Irregular accounting information disclosure is an important factor that leads to the financial crisis of enterprises. Because accounting information contains a lot of important financial information within the enterprise, if the information is not disclosed in compliance with the norm, it will cause immeasurable financial crisis to the enterprise. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an effective financial crisis beforehand warning system and avoid the noncompliant disclosure of accounting information in order to avoid and control the occurrence of financial crisis in enterprises that threaten the survival and development of enterprises. At present, artificial neural network technology is constantly developing and improving with the development of science and technology, and it has been proven that it has remarkable performance for handling nonlinear data, which provides new ideas and technical support for enterprises' financial crisis beforehand warning. This article is aimed at studying accounting information disclosure and financial crisis beforehand warning based on an artificial neural network. Based on the BP learning algorithm of the artificial neural network, an accounting information disclosure test and financial crisis beforehand warning model were constructed, and with the help of this model, the accounting information disclosure test and financial crisis beforehand warning experiment with H company as an example were carried out, and the conclusions were drawn: the accounting information disclosure test and financial crisis beforehand warning model based on the artificial neural network BP learning algorithm reduce the company' s financial loss by 8% by reducing the company' s noncompliant accounting information disclosure rate, and the accuracy rate of the company' s financial crisis beforehand warning is also increased by 35%.


During myocardial infarction, uric acid values follow a very speciale evolutive curve, with 4 successive phases that might explain the occurrence of an episode of gout during an acute attack.


SIR,-I apologise both to Alexander Pope, whose words I shamelessly parodied, and to Mr Jones (May 28, p 1218), whose surname I unwittingly borrowed in my May 7 paper. Implicit within the argument was the assumption that experienced clinicians would be offering breast conservation as first-line treatment for screening detected cancers, whenever possible. The aim was not to argue for hasty inappropriate mutilating surgery. No harm is done by short-term delay between the making of the diagnosis of malignancy and its definitive treatment. Indeed, many women benefit from a period of time to come to terms with the diagnosis and the treatment. It is the delay between the moment that the screened woman is aware of an X-ray abnormality and the subsequent clinical assessment that must be avoided. Jones argues that the imposition of restrictive practices is not a way to achieve this aim. In my opinion, regulation is the way forward. Within National Health Service assessment centres there should be a system of registration of a certain level of attainment and experience of the radiologist, surgeon, and pathologist, who are the members of the team. Criteria for the private sector should be no less stringent. At present, anyone can set up a so-called screening clinic, and the Department of Health has no register of these establishments. This mockery of a free market should not be allowed.


Contrary to high-dose cytotoxic chemotherapy, where they proliferate unopposed, drug-resistant cancer cells may be at an evolutionary disadvantage in presence of low-dose chemotherapy owing to the high metabolic cost of their resistance mechanisms (Enriquez-Navas et al., this issue). For the past 60 years, the goal of conventional cancer therapies has been the eradication of every cancer cell. To this end, patients are subjected to the highest possible doses of radiation and chemotherapy as well as radical surgeries. In the rare case in which eradication was possible, clinicians achieved long-term control of the disease. For the most part, however, upfront eradication is not possible, and despite intensive and very toxic therapies, the patient dies of the disease or of complications of therapy. As our understanding about the role of tumor microenvironment in tumor progression and drug resistance improves, we are realizing that the paradigm of killing all cancer cells may be flawed.


The authors of the article analyzed the features of using the innovative BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) technology in the formation of research competence of master's degree students. The European experience of applying BYOD technology is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the relevant use of this technology in higher education institutions, which is related to the digitalization of the educational process, the pandemic and martial law in Ukraine. The results of the ascertaining phase of the pedagogical experiment are presented, the participants of which were master's degree students of Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University and Mykhailo Drahomanov Ukrainian State University (Kyiv). The students are enrolled in such academic programs as "Pedagogy of Higher Education. Tutoring", "Counseling", "Preschool Education. Primary Education", "Preschool Education. Speech Therapy", "Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy".The article reveals the educational potential of BYOD technology for the formation of scientific research competence of master's degree students. It is noted that the use of this technology in terms of offline, online and mixed studying helps higher education students acquire skills necessary to analyze, generalize, systematize and compare information. In addition, information retrieval and critical analysis skills are successfully formed. The differences in the application of this technology in conditions of individual and group work with master's degree students are shown.


Taking the Chinese woman volleyball player participating in 2007 Swiss master match as research subject,and using the method of literature and mathematical statistics,this paper makes analysis on non-technical indexes including body physique and net height.The result shows that the structure of age is unreasonable,the height,weight,Katoly index and on-line height reach the level of the first-class teams in the world,but compared with the Chinese player of the 2004 Olympic champion,they have certain gap,the main attacker,the assistant attacker and the setters,except the height achieve the level of the first-class teams in the world.


In the summer of 1991 several reports were published on the progress of the initiative, launched by the Prime Minister in 1988, to set up 'agencies' within Government Departments. The initiative's popular name 'Next Steps' came from the title, Improving Management in Government: the Next Steps 2 of the original report by the Prime Minister's Efficiency Unit, then led by Sir Robin Ibbs (hence an alternative title, 'the lbbs Report'). Of the 1991 reports the best looking but least interesting was the official history Setting Up Next Steps 3 which gave a bland account of the way the 'Next Steps' team had gone about its work with Departments and what had been achieved. It threw one or two perhaps unintentional rays of light on how the team saw itself but otherwise contained nothing new.


Accurate subsurface sensing during directional drilling is critical in the mining and energy extraction industries. One challenge is to measure the azimuth accurately. Azimuth measurements are hindered by magnetic disturbances such as iron debris, especially when magnetometers are used. Moreover, gyroscopes are susceptible to shocks during drilling surveys. To overcome these challenges, we developed a supervised learning filter (SLF) using a multi-sensor configuration (MSC) to accurately estimate the azimuth. The MSC consists of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) based magnetometers, gyroscopes, and accelerometers into two set of sensors, and the groups are separated by a known distance $D$ to acquire additional rotational information using a dual acceleration difference (DAD) method. Also, $D$ can reduce the negative effect of magnetic disturbances. A Kalman filter (KF) with known a priori noise information removes white noise; however, it is difficult to deal with unknown magnetic and shock disturbances. To reduce the effect of unknown magnetic and shock disturbances, we use the SLF to estimate orientation information. First, the SLF employs an adaptive neuro network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to build error models of each sensor; then the SLF calculates the proper weights of the sensors using the error models. Lab-scale experiments are performed on a test rig where the SLF is evaluated using one case with training and verified using two cases without training. The results showed an improvement in azimuth estimation.


In order to study the variety of gastrointestinal bacteria in the rabbit embryos,the bacteria of gastrointestinal tract in the later embryonic period were isolated from the conventional feeding and normal pregnant rabbits.Based on the bacterial physiological and biochemical properties,homology and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence,four isolates were identified as the genera Micrococcus,Staphylococcus,Corynebacterium and Bacillus cereus,all of which have 97% to 99% similarity.The bacteria were the gram-positive bacterium and the average number of bacteria was 0.8×102 cfu/g to 1.2×102 cfu/g in gastrointestinal tract of the rabbit embryo in the later embryonic period.This study would lay a foundation for further studies on bacteria of gastrointestinal tract from the mammalian embryo stage.


Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University Abstract – We put fiducial markers around a room which is to be changed virtually, and use an omnidirectional image sensor to observe these markers. Since an omnidirectional vision sensor has a 360 degree view, our method can cope with a big head rotation motion and is expected to have higher accuracy. Compared with an inertial sensor used usually, there is no accumulated errors in our method since the surrounding markers are always seen except for occlusions by using an omnidirectional vision sensor.


This statement reflects the problem that arises when a plaintiff alleges that an injury is permanent but the fact of permanency is not self-evident. This may occur where a plaintiff bears no prominent physical infirmity or where there is no other concrete evidence to clearly substantiate the claim. Courts must often rely on the testimony of medical experts2 that the wrong done by the tortfeasor may or will result in future pain and suffering, medical expense, impairment of earnings, or a combination of all three. The need to assess future damages at the time of trial is a consequence of the established rule that a plaintiff has but one day in court to allege all injuries proximately resulting from the particular tort that is the basis of the cause of action. These injuries need not exist at the time of trial, but if they are consequential and may be reasonably anticipated, the victim must be compensated. In fact, damages for present and past injuries may be nominal while the claim for future damages can result in a larger award.5 In most cases involving serious permanent injury,


The suitability of an ecological niche for invasive alien species in continental Ecuador
and its projection in the face of climate change scenarios has been poorly studied, with
invasive alien species being a threat mainly for ecosystems and native species. The
objective of this research was to predict the variations in the potential geographical
distributions of invasive alien species from continental Ecuador in the face of climate
change scenarios. A modeling of the ecological niche of the invasive species Arachis
pintoi, Melinis minutiflora, Psidium guajava and Asclepias curassavica was carried out
according to their records of presence worldwide and 19 bioclimatic variables through
the algorithm of maximum entropy (MAXENT). These models were transferred to
continental Ecuador in the present and future with their center in 2050 (2041-2060),
based on the representative scenarios RCP 4.5 (conservative) and RCP 8.5 (extreme) for
the country. The potential geographical distribution of the species was compared
between the current and future scenarios through the SDMtools tool in ArcGis 10.1 to
see potential expansions, contractions or stability.
The AUC resulting from the modeling had mostly belonging to a good fit of the model,
except for the models for the species Arachis pintoi under future scenarios and the
species Asclepias curassavica in all its scenarios. While the most influential
environmental variables for the presence of the four modeled species were precipitation
in the wettest quarter, seasonal temperature, average diurnal range and average
temperature of the coldest quarter for each respectively. The changes in the potential
geographical area saw a greater variation in the species Asclespias curassavica and the
greater amount in expansion area was obtained by the species Psidium guajava


In this paper a three step procedure was derived to select the GNSS network receiving site candidates for GNSS based infrastructure technology development and according to the proposed procedure the 4 site candidates was selected for final network configuration. In the first step, the site requirement was produced for GNSS based infrastructure technology development referring regulation of the international organizations related to permanent GNSS data receiving and the first candidates were selected using the proposed requirement. In the second step, the second candidates were selected among the first candidates by analyzing the visual measurement, environment test and so on. In the third step the final candidates were selected among the second candidates by analyzing sky clearance, radio frequency interference. Through above the three step procedure 16,7,4 candidates of site were selected sequentially and receiving station site could be effectively selected.


In this book Mustafa Aksakal discusses the reasons behind the Ottoman Empire entering the First World War, and challenges one of the most common views attributing the responsibility to the minister of war, Enver Paşa. Aksakal attempts to reassess the role of Enver, and demonstrates a number of issues which led the empire to seek an alliance and then join the war that eventually caused its demise. Aksakal begins his discussion by scrutinizing the impact of the Balkan Wars (1912–13) on the Ottoman Empire as an international actor, but he also considers the impact of these wars on the social fabric of the empire. Using a varied set of sources, he shows the psychological effects of the defeat which, he argues, did not merely affect the political and military elites, but affected the social structure of the empire due to the arrival of 400,000 refugees from the Balkans. Aksakal investigates the creation of a new political language that emerged as a response to the Balkan Wars and the necessity to find a way to recover from these events. One of the major contributions of this chapter is the discussion of sources, mainly newspapers and publications of Turkish intellectuals, which support the idea that an alliance with Germany was seen as a natural response to the 'Slav invasion' which they believed to have taken place following the war in the Balkans. Interestingly, the focus is on Turkish publications, showing the extent to which the Balkan Wars also fostered the awareness and the development of a Turkish national consciousness; however, not much is said about the effects of the wars on Arab elites and the population at large. Aksakal also engages in an interesting discussion which takes into account a proposal circulating amongst member of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) to start a war against Greece in order to settle a number of disputes in the first half of 1914. To Aksakal, this was a clear attempt by the Ottomans to avoid diplomatic isolation and to begin solving the major issue, which was to save the empire. The idea of a Greek–Ottoman war was short-lived, as the European conflict unfolded in the summer of 1914. In this short chapter, Aksakal shows that, due to British support for Greece, many in the Ottoman Empire began to look to Germany as a possible ally; in fact, many even feared that Britain would eventually dismember the empire, as eventually happened. In the third chapter, Aksakal engages in a long discussion on the Ottoman Empire vis-à-vis the international order, reassessing the German role in the establishment of the Ottoman–German alliance. Where Ulrich Trumpener, in his seminal work Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 45, No. 4, 681–689, July 2009


In heavy heteronuclear alkali diatomic molecules containing Rb and Cs atoms the lowest excited A1Σ+ and b3Π states (A − b complex for short) are strongly coupled by spin-orbit (SO) interaction. An accurate description of such systems is a challenging task, which imposes a detailed experimental study and elaboration of a powerful deperturbation procedure. Recently this problem was successfully solved for NaRb [1], NaCs [2], KCs [3], RbCs [4] and Rb2 [5] molecules. In these studies the term values of the A− b complex were determined from laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra recorded by high resolution Fourier Transform (FT) spectrometer. The coupled-channel deperturbation analysis allowed to reproduce the obtained data with experimental accuracy 0.01 cm−1. The goal of the present work is to apply this approach for the KRb A− b complex. In the experiment KRb molecules were produced in a linear stainless steel heat pipe. The laser beam was sent into the heat pipe through a pierced mirror. The backwards LIF was collected by the same mirror and focused on the input aperture of the FT spectrometer Bruker IFS-125HR and recorded with a resolution of 0.03-0.05 cm−1. We used a direct (A1Σ+ − b3Π)← X1Σ+ excitation by diode lasers (980 1020 nm) and by Ti:Sph laser (Coherent MBR-110) followed by observation of the (A1Σ+ − b3Π) → X1Σ+ LIF. Overall more than 300 LIF spectra were recorded and 900 KRb progressions for 39K85Rb and 39K87Rb isotopologues were analyzed yielding more than 4000 term values of the A − b complex, including the data from collisional rotational energy transfer. The data field contains rovibronic levels with rotational quantum numbers J ∈ [3, 279] in the energy range E ∈ [10927, 14250] cm−1. A direct deperturbation treatment of the experimental rovibronic term values of both isotopologues of the mutually perturbed A1Σ+ and b3Π states was accomplished in the framework of inverted coupledchannel approach by means of the 4x4 Hamiltonian constructed in Hund's (a) coupling case basis functions. The Expanded Morse Oscillator model was used to describe potential energy curves while for the SO coupling functions we adopted the "morphed" form of the relevant ab initio spin-orbit matrix elements. As a result, 44 mass-invariant fitting parameters of the corresponding functions have been required to reproduce 96% of experimental term values of the A− b complex with a standard deviation of 0.004 cm−1. The energy-based deperturbation analysis was additionally confirmed by a calculation of relative intensity distributions in the A− b→ X LIF progressions. The support from the Latvian Science Council Grant No. 119/2012 as well as from Latvian Ministry of Education and Science Grant No. 11-13/IZM14-12 is gratefully acknowledged. Moscow team thanks for the support by the RFBR grant No. 13-03-00446-a.


This paper summarizes the change rule of production performance and the EOR efficiency from the micro-dispersed gel foam injection in the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir of Tahe Oilfield. The TK722CH2 well group injected gas from August 2014 to September 2018. During the gas injection stage, the effect of periodic gas injection decreased obviously, the effective direction of gas injection was single and the risk of gas channeling increased greatly. The field pilot test f micro-dispersed gel foam was carried out on September 20, 2018. The fluid is injected into well group in three slugs: micro-dispersed gel foam, normal foam and nitrogen gas. As a part of the foam pilot test monitoring, a gas tracer study was performed before and after the injection of gel foam in the reservoir. After the pilot test was carried out in the TK722CH2 well group, the subsequent injection gas swept new fractures and vugs, and a new dynamic connectivity has been established. The connectivity of well group changed from 1 injection well connects with 1 production well to 1 injection well connects with 4 production wells. Through the field pilot test of micro-dispersed gel foam, this paper verifies the effect of improve gas flooding and increase sweep volume of micro-dispersed gel foam. By analyzing the results of the field pilot test, the relevant technical mechanism of micro-dispersed gel foam in fractured-vuggy reservoir is revealed. As a result, the field pilot test in this paper provides theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient development of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir.


Spatial restructuring and regional economic development are closely associated with sustainability. Despite the considerable literature on urbanization's impact on sustainable economic development and urban expansion, few studies have explored how FDI-led spatial restructuring affects the sustainability from a local people perspective. To fill this gap, in-depth interviews were conducted with 516 residents of Aras special economic zones in Iran to assess the impacts and responses to economic shifts and spatial restructuring resulting from the Belt and Road Initiative since 2013. Using the DPSIR framework and sustainability index as an evaluation tool, we assessed the degree of sustainability and viable uplift at the regional level. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) was also utilized to determine optimal values based on local approaches. Results indicate that regional heterogeneity, excessive state pressure, and development imbalances impact the study area. The findings enrich the theory of sustainability and can guide the formulation of spatial restructuring, decision-making, and policies at different stages of regional development. In addition to financial progress, people-centered development planning using local approaches should be a component of the development of special economic zones.


The crosslinking reaction mechanism of polyacrylate copolymer (monomer mass ratio of methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate/acrylic acid = 48.77:46.69:4.54) hydrosol with triethanolamine chelate of zirconium isopropyloxide was studied with IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and ultraviolet spectroscopy. The instrumental analyses on the copolymer mixture heated at different temperatures were investigated, and we proved that the crosslinking adduct had amino groups that were provided by the chelate. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3605–3609, 2004


It is widely known that the losses caused by snow and ice for lines. This article illustrated the present anti-icing coatings and its development status. Finally, it summarized the gradient structure hydrophobic endothermic coatings would be the future trend for electric transmission lines.


Background: Peoples' life and quality of health are usually dependent on the cultural practices and norms of the community. Objectives: This study investigated Female Genital Mutilation Practices and Associated Factors among Married Women in the Ebonyi State of Nigeria. Methods: The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study was Original Research Article Omaka-Amari et al.; JAMMR, 33(8): 23-31, 2021; Article no.JAMMR.66848 24 conducted from August 2019 to January 2020. Out of 260 questionnaires distributed, only 7 copies were discarded and a total of 253 women were drawn for the study through multi-stage sampling technique. Frequency, percentage, and logistics regression were the statistical tools used for data analysis. Results: The majority of the participants: aged 25-34 years (37.9%); Christians (76.3%); urban dwellers (50.2%); had tertiary education (36.4%); had 3-4 children (32.0%); and were in business (29.2%) respectively. The cultural practices regarding FGM among married women in Ebonyi State were high (60.5%). Also, the majority of the participants (67.7%) were circumcised. Age by birth, religious affiliation, location, level of education, number of children, and occupation were predictors of the cultural practice of FGM with obvious variations. There is no significant difference existed with respect to religious affiliation, level of education, number of children, and occupation (Pvalue>0.05) while the difference was observed on the age by birth and location (P-value<0.05). Conclusion: The high cultural practice of FGM is influenced by certain demographic predictors. Thus, there is a need for the Ebonyi State government in collaboration with other health agencies to adopt effective interventions, public health enlightenment, and mass education focusing on the negative consequences of FGM practices.


Infection of a cell with bacteriophage A can elicit one of two responses; (1) lytic response which leads to progeny phage production and lysis of the host, (2) the lysogenic response in which the viral DNA becomes associated with the bacterial DNA and replicates with it, without self multiplication of A DNA. Once lysogeny is established, repressor coded by the gene cI prevents the expression of the prophage genes as well as of homoimmune superinfecting phages. Two types of mutation in gene cI resulting in temperature-sensitive regulation of prophage induction have been reported (Lieb 1966; Horiuchi and Inokuchi 1967) : lysogens for A cIts type A (or type I) having mutational sites in the left part of gene cI are induced irreversibly even at low temperature after heat treatment, and lysogens for 2 cIts type B (or type II) mapped in the right part of gene ci are induced only when the culture is heated at a high temperature during growth. In the previous paper, Horiuchi et al. (1967) reported that significant complementation for lysogenization between some cItsA and cItsB mutants was not observed. However, weak complementation between some cItsA and cItsB mutants was observed by Lieb (1966) and Green (1966). This result may be due to intracistronic complementation, because molecular structure of cI-repressor is supposed to be possibly tetramer (Chadwick et al. 1970). This communication confirms that several cItsA and cItsB mutants newly isolated were mapped in the left and right part of gene cI, respectively, and furthermore demonstrates that some cItsB mutants which are located proximal to x region easily complement for lysogenization with some cItsA mutants.


The recent Oregon v.Smith decision's shifting of the burden in free exercise cases from legislatures to minority religious claims has brought fierce opposition, most conspicuously from leading nonpreferentialist Richard J. Neuhaus, who sees in it the foundation of majority tyranny. Against Smith, Neuhaus employs Madison's "Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments," which is universally read to argue that the superiority of religion to politics proscribes majoritarian hegemony over religious practices. I contend that the Memorial's appeals are better understood as rhetoric than as reflecting Madison's true view. I find Madison hostile not only to religious establishments but also to religion itself. This hostility was the basis of his rejection of the nonpreferentialists' utility-based argument for government support of religion. In this light, I uncover a curious historical irony: the nonpreferentialist Neuhaus seeks today to protect religion from hostility by adhering to a position that was originally animated, in key respects, by hostility both to religion and to its nonpreferential support.


Abstract ISIDA (In Silico Design and Data Analysis) software have been used for computer‐aided molecular design of novel monoamides that efficiently extract U(VI). A set of available experimental uranyl partition coefficients (logD) in a water/toluene system for 19 monoamides has been used in order to establish quantitative relationships between the structure of the molecules and their extraction properties using different machine‐learning methods (multi‐linear regression analysis, associated neural networks, support vector machine). Then, developed structure‐property models have been applied to screen a virtual combinatorial library containing about 10,500 molecules. Hits' selection has been performed taking into account for the extraction property of molecules, their aqueous solubility (potential extractants must not be soluble in water), and synthetic feasibility. Selected 21 hits have been synthesized and studied experimentally as uranyl extractants using the same protocol as for the molecules from the initial data set. Experiment shows that the theoretical calculations reasonably well predict logD values for novel compounds. The data set of novel monoamides has been significantly enriched by efficient uranyl binders. One of the novel molecules displays a slightly larger affinity for uranyl than previously known extractants.


The invention belongs to the field of flight control for rotor aircrafts, and particularly relates to a method for controlling fault tolerance of a six-rotor aircraft. The method includes cutting off power supply for a single rotor if faults which stop the single rotor from rotating occur, cutting off power supply for a rotor separated from the single rotor by a 180-degree position, and simultaneously stopping outputting control signals to the two rotors; directly cutting off power supply for two rotors when faults which stop the two rotors separated from each other by a 180-degree position occur, simultaneously stopping outputting control signals to the two corresponding rotors and controlling other four rotors of the six-rotor aircraft according to layout of an 'oblique cross' four-rotor aircraft. The method has the advantages that the six-rotor aircraft can be effectively controlled under the condition that the certain system faults of the aircraft occur, accordingly, crash accidents due to the certain system faults can be prevented, and the method has a certain significance on improving the safety and the reliability of the six rotors.


[Objective]To understand AIDS epidemic in Shangluo city,so as to provide the scientific basis for formulating prevention policies.[Methods]Analysis was made on AIDS monitoring data and the project survey data in Shangluo city during 2000 to 2009.[Results]Since the first HIV infection case was found Shangluo city in 2000,a total of 65 HIV infection cases were reported by 2009.Among a total of 149 068 people from various populations detected,48 cases were detected HIV positive,with a positive rate of 0.032%.17 immigrant cases were reported,and 4 local cases were reported.Among local 61 cases,47 were AIDS patients,with 22 deaths.Among 61 cases infected with HIV,58 were farmers(including migrant workers);38 cases in Shanyang county,5 cases in Shangnan,Luonan,and Danfeng counties respectively,4 cases in Shangzhou district,3 cases in Zhen'an county,1 case in Zhashui county;30 were paid blood donor cases,13 were heterosexual transmission cases,3 were MSM cases,4 were blood transfusion/blood products infection cases,2 were injection drug use cases,9 were unknown cases.[Conclusion]AIDS epidemic is at a low prevalence in Shangluo city,sexual contact transmission is on the rise.


: Spitsbergen is the largest island in the Svalbard Archipelago (Norway) that has been permanently populated. The harsh Arctic climate prevents development of large vascular plants such as trees. A two-year aerobiological survey was conducted within the framework of two consecutive polar expeditions (2014 and 2015) in Spitsbergen (Calypsobyen, Bellsund). The air quality was measured continuously from June/July to August using a 7-day volumetric air sampler, Tauber trap and moss specimens. Collected air samples and gravimetric pollen deposits were processed following transfer to sterile laboratory conditions and analyzed with the aid of light microscopy. Days when pine pollen grains were detected in the air were selected for further analysis. Clusters of back-trajectories, computed using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model in combination with ArcGIS software as well as the Flextra trajectory model, showed the movement of air masses to the sampling location at Hornsund, and thus indicated the likely origin of pollen grains. The GlobCover 2009 and CORINE Land Cover 2012 datasets were employed to establish the distribution of coniferous forests in the areas


The purpose of this study was to evaluate cognitive and performance assessments using high school trade and industrial engineering/technical graphics student scores on a standardized postassessment and a series of curriculum specified performance projects in the state of North Carolina. Paired performance and cognitive student achievement data were collected and examined uncovering variations, differences, and correlations between the two methods of assessment. Significant differences between North Carolina Engineering/Technical Graphics I cognitive and performance assessment results were identified. Further examination of the data provided evidence that the cognitive and performance assessment results tend to increase or decrease together. Potential refinement of state assessment procedures and the possibility for assimilation of assessment practices given the need for varied assessment for individual and school accountability are discussed.


Disparity refinement is an essential step of local stereo matching methods to produce fine dense disparity maps. The inherent defect of local stereo methods results in erroneous disparity in occluded areas. In this paper, we present a novel post processing method which can effectively improve the accuracy of dense disparity maps by rectifying disparity errors iteratively. Invalid disparities are first detected by left-right consistency check and color-disparity consistency check. For each invalid pixel, supports from valid pixels in the neighborhood are collected to determine the plane parameters of the local window. An iterative strategy is adopted to gradually propagate disparity information from valid pixels to invalid areas. We apply the proposed method to disparity maps produced by two recent stereo matching methods, and compare the refining results with other post processing methods. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our method in improving dense disparity maps.


Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and its receptor are part of the incretin family of hormones that regulate glucose metabolism. GLP‐1 also has immune modulatory roles.


We distinguish two kinds of piecewise linear functions and provide an interesting representation for a piecewise linear function between two normed spaces. Based on such a representation, we study a fully piecewise linear vector optimization (PLP) with the objective and constraint functions being piecewise linear. We divide (PLP) into some linear subproblems and structure a finite dimensional reduction method to solve (PLP). Under some mild assumptions, we prove that the Pareto (resp. weak Pareto) solution set of (PLP) is the union of finitely many generalized polyhedra (resp. polyhedra), each of which is contained in a Pareto (resp. weak Pareto) face of some linear subproblem. Our main results are even new in the linear case and further generalize Arrow, Barankin and Blackwell's classical results on linear vector optimization problems in the framework of finite dimensional spaces.


To investigate the reasonable method for selecting persons in organization personnel training, our study focuses on the formulation of personnel selection in organization personnel training based on knowledge supernetwork. First, this paper states the process of constructing organization training supernetwork and formulates the model for selecting single person. Subsequently, we establish the model for selecting multiple persons based on training knowledge supernetwork and analyze the complexity and the shortcomings in detail. Third, to improve the accuracy of personnel selection, we build the model for selecting multiple persons based on step-by-step method and analyze the complexity. Final, the proposed models are verified by an application case.


A new commercial kit for the estimation of the "effective thyroxine ratio" (ETR) has been tested with 343 sera, and the results from patients with normal and abnormal thyroid functions have been compared with the results of the triiodothyronineresin uptake test and serum total thyroxine estimation. The ETR was found to be superior to these tests individually, and comparable in diagnostic accuracy with the "free thyroxine factor" derived from them together. This single procedure appears to reduce the frequency of misleading results that occur with both the resin uptake test and serum thyroxine estimation when alterations in thyroxine‐binding proteins are present—e.g., during pregnancy, or in the case of individuals on oral contraceptive therapy, or in the case of patients severely ill with non‐thyroid disorders. The ETR was also found to be as useful as the serum thyroxine estimation in assessing the adequacy of replacement thyroxine therapy and the response to the thyrotropin stimulation test.


Objective To study the effects of hypertonic saline/dextran 40 (7.5% NaCl/6% dextran 40, HSD) on the rats hemo- rrhagic shock with pulmonary edema at high altitude.Methods 71 SD rats,transported to LaSa,Tibet,3 760 meters above the sea level,were anesthetized one week later with sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg,ip).Hemorrhagic shock model with pulmonary edema was induced by hemorrhage(50 mmHg) plus intravenous injection of oleic acid (5 μL/100 g wt)for 1 hour.Experiment was conducted in two parts.In part I,35 rats were equally divided into 5 groups (n=7 each group):normal control,hemorrhagic shock,hemorrhagic shock with pulmonary edema (HSPE),HSPE plus lactated Ringer's solution (LR,4 mL/kg) or HSD (4 mL/kg).Hemodynamic parameters including mean arterial pressure (MAP),left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the maximum change rate of intraventricular pressure rise or decline (±dp/dt max)were observed at 15,30,60 and 120 min,blood gases were observed at 30 and 120 min,and the water content of lung and brain was determined at 120 min after drug administration.36 rats in part Ⅱ were used to observe the effect of HSD on survival time of hemorrhagic shock with pulmonary edema.Results HSD (4 mL/kg)significantly increased MAP,LVSP and ±dp/dt max ( P 0.05~0.01),improved the variables of blood gases and decreased the water content of lung and brain,and prolonged the survival time.Conclusion HSD could be used in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock with pulmonary edema at high altitude.


The invention discloses an abrasion-resistant insulating thrust runner manufacturing method based on plasma spraying. The method includes the following steps of (1) drying a substrate to be sprayed after acid pickling and degreasing, (2) carrying out corona treatment on the substrate and (3) spraying coating powder to the surface of the substrate through a plasma spraying method. The coating powder comprises, by weight, 100 parts of silicon oxide, 20-25 parts of vanadium oxide and 8-10 parts of iron oxide. The formula of the coating powder is newly designed according to the plasma spraying process, the formula can well adapt to the plasma spraying process, a dense coating is formed on the surface of the substrate, and by means of the coating, a manufactured thrust runner can be used frequently when being hot-pressed under the high temperature and high pressure, the thrust runner does not expand or contract, and the surface is flat, resistant to abrasion and not concave.


Summary Biliary phenol red (PR) excretion was measured in renal ligated male Wistar and homozygous Gunn strain rats. The amount of free PR excreted in the bile was similar in the two strains. Wistar rats excreted 32%-35% of PR as a glucuronide but only free PR was found in Gunn rat bile. Bile/plasma and bile/liver concentration ratios of free PR in Wistar rats are higher than those in Gunn rats. PR exhibits a mild choleretic effect in both strains.


: Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective method to transferring knowledge from a larger teacher network to a small student network, in order to enhance the generalization ability of the small student network, which satisfies the low-memory and fast running requirements in practice. Existing KD methods often require a pre-trained teacher as a first step to discover useful knowledge, then subsequently transferring knowledge to student network. However, this procedure is a two training complex stages, requiring an expensive computational cost for a pre-trained teacher. In this paper, we propose a free-teacher framework driven by word-vector to address this limitation. By utilizing existing word vector packets (such as 'GoogleNews-vectors-negative300', etc.), we are committed to create a semantic similarity matrix. This matrix provides the additional soft label which is similar to conventional teacher model's outputs, while does not require any extra training cost. Extensive evaluations show that our approach improve the generalization performance of a variety of deep neural networks competitive to alternative methods on two image classification datasets: CIFAR10 and CIFAR100, whilst not requiring extra expensive training cost.


The article considers the role and functions of family in social adaptation of stroke survivors, who typically face problems of physiological, psychological and domestic nature which can significantly affect the quality of living. The main goal of social adaptation is the rehabilitation of personality, with its physiological, psychological and social functions. It is achievable only by means of close intrafamily integration, when all family members support the post-stroke patient. The family alone can fully meet the needs and help rebuild the social status of the individual. We have classified problems associated with the negative consequences of cerebral stroke into four major categories: physiological (neurological), cognitive, socio-psychological and problems of everyday life. In relation to each category, we have defined specific roles and functions of the family which have to be performed for successful adaptation of a stroke survivor. Having analyzed the major material and moral problems the family faces, we argue that social workers must act as counselors, advising the families of stroke survivors on their needs, items of care and rules of communication with the patient. The article suggests a comprehensive model of intrafamily functional and role-based support which summarizes the basics of social adaptation of stroke survivors.


The aim of this study was to find sorption filters with a capacity to remove heavy metals from landfill leachate. Initially a batch test was performed with granular activated carbon, CAP meal derived from animal bones, iron fines, a non-metallic part of bottom ash from a municipal solid waste incineration plant, metal residues from the same bottom ash, lime stone and peat. Activated carbon, CAP meal and iron fines did best and were tested in a continuous test. Activated carbon had the best ability to remove metals and the best flow properties, but released As. CAP meal had the worst flow properties and released large amount of organic matter and nutrients. The iron fines used here released many metals initially, but then achieved a net removal of most but not all. Leaching of unwanted substances can be a problem when using reactive filters and the behaviour of the filter material can depend on the leachate treated. Therefore the combination should always be thoroughly tested before being implemented. (Less)


In the 1950 s Father Yves Bertrais created Hmong RPA(Romanized Popular Alphabet) in Luang Prabang in Laos,which thereafter was spread quickly in international Hmong communities and soon became the most influential among the overseas Hmong writing systems. This paper discusses the creation,dissemination and the influences of the RPA Hmong writing system,with an attempt to provide reference for better dissemination and implementation of the newly created Hmong scripts in China.


(1) Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of internet-based intervention programs for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic by conducting a meta-analysis. (2) Methods: Searches were conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE, EbscoHost Academic Search Ultimate, and PsycArticles, using a combination of "Covid-19 AND 'Randomized Controlled Trial' AND students", as well as a combination of the following search terms: "internet", "online", "treat_", "psycholog_", "intervention", "program_", "stress_", "depress_", "anxiety", "university", "college", "freshm_", "sophomore_", and "undergraduat_". The population, intervention, control, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) framework was used (P (population): university students during the COVID-19 pandemic; I (intervention): internet-based intervention programs for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression; C (control): no intervention, usual care, or on a waiting list; O (outcomes): stress, anxiety, and depression indicators; S (study design): meta-analysis including only randomized controlled trials (RCTs)). A meta-analysis was performed on the 10 retrieved studies published between 2021 and 2022. Only RCTs were analyzed. (3) Results: All 10 analyzed papers revealed a trend in the effectiveness of internet-based intervention for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in university students during COVID-19. Significant effects from the included RCTs with interventions for reducing stress and depression were established. (4) Conclusions: Psychological internet-based interventions may help to reduce depression and stress among university students; however, more research is needed to determine their effectiveness in reducing anxiety.


These research paper motivations on power transformer DGA analysis for condition monitoring. The goal is to find a developed easily fuzzy based DGA analysis method which provides good-enough to other conventional methods. The subject has been considered quite a lot which tells about increasing attention towards the subject and might designate possible markets for transformer DGA and monitoring services. In the beginning research will focus on describing basic conventional methods and gas formed in oil related terms. Paper work focus on mat lab and fuzzy system using in diagnosis of power transformer fault statistics and condition monitoring. Also possibilities of condition monitoring are covered. Categorize of incipient faults inside the power transformer decreases its failure rate during the long service period. The Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is showed accuracy method all above the world for condition assessment of power transformer. Taking the awareness of key gases (CO, CO2, H2, C2H6, C2H4, C2H2 and CH4) incident faults recognized by numerous classical techniques gives different condition.


The disposition of offshore lands is one of the decade's most important and controversial natural resource policy issues. Several disputes focus on the economic effects of federal Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) leasing policy. This paper addresses one of these disputes-how will OCS leasing policy affect the structure of the petroleum industry? This paper presents and summarizes an econometric model that evaluates the competitive implications of alternative OCS leasing policies. Specifically, it seeks to explain the differential bidding success of the major, minor, and independent oil companies.1 The following determinants of OCS access were evaluated.


This paper analyses some problems in base-isolated structure application, puts forward analytic and calculation model for nonlinear dynamic time interval and finishes the program which is used to analyze earthquake responses such as storey shifts, accelerations and shearing force of base-isolated structures in earthquake, and finally compares the earthquake responses of nonbase -isolated buildings with the same structures.


In this paper, we attempt to grow films on a MgO substrate using Pulsed Laser Ablation, and report on the effect of deposition conditions and post-deposition annealing on the film properties.


Melito's presupposition that Israel should have been able to recognize the Christ has drawn him much criticism. This essay explores the identity of Melito's Israel and the rhetorical trope that Melito employs: censure of Israel. Melito's understanding of the continuity between the "old" and "new" remains underexplored in the significance of its claim. Melito has a profound insight in his interpretative key for the relationship of the old covenant with respect to the new, namely that God made prior arrangements (προοικονοµία) for Christ's sufferings in the Old Testament. Finally, the essay will examine Melito's οἰκονοµία. In short, the προοικονοµία provides an early Christian account to describe the manner in which the mysteries of the life of Christ (οἰκονοµία) could be hidden beforehand (προ-) by God in the life and history of the people of Israel and made manifest in the Easter celebration. Melito therefore develops a truly mystagogical exegesis.


DC/DC converters are used boost the voltage from low voltage to high voltage. Highly utilised for motor control in electric vehicles, marine cranes (Zogogianni 2016). In The Evaluation of the Antibiofilm Properties of Arthrobacter defluvii AMET1677 Strain Isolated from Shrimp Pond Sediment against Marine Bio film Forming Bacteria (2016), dc voltage regulators, and Dc converters are utilised and also utilised in combination with an inductor to create a DC source (Fei 2016)( Kianpour 2016). Extraction and Purification of Antimicrobial Compounds from Marine Actinobacteria, A boost or buck converter (Chelvan 2016) are utilised, and it has various types of advantages such as constant current flow and easy structure. This is most important because of the resistances, and it affects serious degradation in the high step-up ratio and efficiency as the (Sethuramalingam 2016)A Proposed System of Ship Trajectory Control Using Particle Swarm Optimization is operating duty increases further, in high step up results in severe reverse recovery problem and it requires a snubber circuit to clear this issue (Pushpam 2016)( Nivetha 2015). To conquer this limitation, various types of step-up converters, utilising the voltage conversion capability of a transformer, can be adopted. Presented solutions to the above issues involve:


In order to enhance the imaging quality of the staring conformal optical system, a static correction method which combines the optimized inner surface of the conformal dome and fixed correctors with Zernike Fringe Sag surfaces is proposed. On the base of the relationship between the parameters of dome and the shift in the direction of a ray as it passes through a conformal dome, the parameters of the inner surface of the dome are projected, which reduce some aberrations of the conformal optical system. Then, the correspondence between the Zernike Fringe polynomial terms and aberrations is used to build the fixed corrector with Zernike Fringe surfaces. Based on this method, a staring conformal optical system is designed, whose F is 1, focal length is 30 mm, the field of view is ± 35° . The characters of the aberrations are analyzed before and after correction. The result shows that this method has a good effect on correcting the main aberrations, and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of optical system is higher than 0.748 at the spatial frequency of 17 lp/mm across the entire field of view. The imaging quality is favorable.


SUMMARY Heat induced color change kinetics in a tuna-vegetable mixture was evaluated by measuring color parameter "L" (Hunter-Lab) and 5-hydroxi-methyl-furfural (5-HMF) accumulation. For this purpose small reusable stainless steel TDT cans were used and the kinetic studies performed in a temperature range characteristic of thermal processing of low acid canned foods (110-125°C). The color parameter L was better described by a pseudo zero order while a pseudo first order reaction was found for 5-HMF accumulation, indicating the progression of the Maillard reaction during heating. In both cases, temperature dependence of the rate constants followed the Arrhenius relationship, with Ea= 92.0 and 38.9kJ·mol -1 for lightness L and for 5-HMF accumulation, respectively. The color parameter L was more sensitive to temperature changes than 5-HMF accumulation, and therefore is suggested for evaluation of heat induced color changes in this product.


The objective of this study is to determine if Aquablation therapy can maintain its effectiveness in treating men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with large‐volume (80–150 cc) prostates at 3 years.


Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are used extensively in the process industries for regulating single-input, single output (SISO) processes, with Model Predictive Controllers (MPC) typically being reserved for use on large scale systems. However, in recent years there has been suggestions that MPC may offer benefits when applied to SISO systems at the regulatory level. This paper compares the performance of PID and MPC when they are both applied to first and second order, SISO systems that contain a time delay. From the comparison it can be concluded that improved performance can be achieved by using MPC for, in some cases, very small time delays. Both PID and MPC are shown to be robust to plant-model mismatch.


Abstract The effects of logging residue removal on soil chemical properties and the needle nutrient concentrations and growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) were studied after clear-felling on two sites of different fertility in eastern Finland. Harvesting was carried out either conventionally, i.e. harvesting only the stems [conventional harvesting (CH)], or totally, i.e. harvesting all of the above-ground tree biomass [whole-tree harvesting (WTH)]. The seedlings were planted in ploughing tilts on 50×50 m sample plots. The number of replications was 24 on the more fertile site and 12 on the less fertile site. Compared with CH, WTH had no effects on either the survival or growth of Scots pine trees during the first 22 years. Apart from the statistically significant increase in needle nitrogen concentration in the WTH treatment on the less fertile site, the needle concentrations were not affected by the harvesting intensity. On the more fertile site, the total amounts of carbon, nitrogen and calcium, as well as exchangeable calcium and extractable phosphorus in the organic layer, were significantly lower on the WTH than on the CH plots. Although the pH remained unchanged, the exchangeable aluminium concentrations increased on the more fertile site, and on both sites the calcium/aluminium ratio was significantly lower on the WTH plots than on the CH plots.


The article reports on intelligence and intellectual disability, definitions and measurement tools are presented. A research was carried out in order to delimit two groups of preschoolers, with intellect either within the limit of typical development or within the limit of intellectual disability, by applying the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices test. The results were evaluated using the statistical method, and in the result the groups of children were structured according to the criterion of the level of intelligence development.


Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the issues involved in offering superior customer experience on fashion retail stores in Brazil....


Ion exchange may generate separation problems when using ionic liquids (ILs) to extract metals from aqueous phases. To determine whether ion exchange takes place a new method was developed to visually detect the occurrence of ion exchange. The method is based on using IR spectroscopy and the property of ILs to adhere to solid particles. In this study this new and easily applicable method is presented to determine whether or not such an IL cation transfer occurs. This method can, for example, be used for metal ion extraction from metal-halide (chloride, bromide) solutions and was applied here for the extraction of K* from an aqueous KCI solution into two different ILs: l-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoridophosphate (HMlM(PFg)) and l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluoridophosphate (BMIM PF̂ .). Both ILs also contained the crown ether dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6) as an extractant. The new method has proved that ion exchange is the prevailing process for both ILs.


OBJECTIVE: To verify the veracity of the arithmetic model of virtual wedge of three-dimensional treatment plan system (3D TPS)ADAC Pinnacle(V7.4f) by a 2D diode array detector Sun Nuclear Mapcheck(Model 1175). METHODS:By using a 2D diode array detector Sun Nuclear Mapcheck (Model 1175), the 1 vw and 2 vw direction virtual wedge field of 15°, 30°, 45°and 60°virtual wedge of Siemens Primus 6 MV and 18 MV, SSD 100 cm, depth 5 cm and 10 cm, field size 15 cm×15 cm were measured, and then compareed with the same virtual wedge field produced by three-dimensional treatment plan system ADAC Pinnacle(V7.4f). RESULTS:The virtual wedge was almost equal to 1, with a maximal variation of 0.011 9 no matter what the value of beam energy, field size or wedge angle was. The profile of wedge direction had a good conformation between those measured by Mapcheck and produced by 3D TPS with a maximal variation of -3.8%. CONCLUSIONS: There is a good conformation between those parameters metioned above measured by Mapcheck and produced by 3D TPS, and the arithmetic model of virtual wedge of ADAC Pinnacle(V7.4f) is permited for the application of clinic. The 2D diode array detector Sun Nuclear Mapcheck (Model 1175) is a good implement for daily QA.


The present investigation sought to evaluate cellular antioxidant activities of some green leafy vegetables: Vernonia amygdalina, Asteraceae (Va,); Manihot utilissima Pohl ., Euphoriaceae (Mu);Corchorous olitorius L., Malvaceae (Co) and Occimum gratissimum L., Lamiaceae (Og) against peroxyl radical-induced oxidation in HepG2 cells and also evaluate their cytotoxic properties against drug sensitive and drug resistant Lovo and Lovo/Adr cancer cell lines respectively. HPLC/DAD/MS investigation of the ethanolic extract of the vegetal matter revealed the presence of 4, 5, 6, and 7 phenolic compounds in Mu, Co, Og and Va respectively. The cellular antioxidant activity was tested with different concentrations (0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.00 mg/ml dried weight) of the extracts. At a concentration of 1.00 mg/ml, the quenching of peroxyl radical in HepG2 cells as shown by the fluorescence units revealed that Og has the best inhibition capacity, followed by Co, Va respectively and with the least inhibition capacity recorded for Mu. However, pro-oxidant activities were observed at lower concentrations of Va (0.1 mg/ml) and Mu (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml). Cytotoxic investigation revealed that the extracts were active against both cell lines with EC50 (µg/ml) ranging from 1.3 to 2.6 for Lovo and 1.5 to 2.7 for Lovo/Adr respectively, and that Va was the most active, while the least activity was recorded for Mu and Co for Lovo and Lovo Adr respectively. The observed cytotoxic properties and the elicited antioxidant activities would be due to the phytochemical constituents among which could be the rich content of flavonoids and cynammoyl derivatives as revealed by the chromatographic investigations.


The presence of strategic customers may force an already (cid:12)nancially distressed (cid:12)rm into a death spiral: Sensing the (cid:12)rm's (cid:12)nancial difficulty, customers may wait strategically for deep discounts in liquidation sales. In turn, such waiting lowers the (cid:12)rm's pro(cid:12)tability and increases the (cid:12)rm's bankruptcy risk. Using a two-period model to capture these dynamics, this paper identi(cid:12)es customers' strategic waiting behavior as a source of a (cid:12)rm's cost of (cid:12)nancial distress. We also (cid:12)nd that customers' anticipation of bankruptcy can be self-ful(cid:12)lling: When customers anticipate a high bankruptcy probability, they prefer to delay their purchases, making the (cid:12)rm more likely to go bankrupt than when customers anticipate a low probability of bankruptcy. Such behavior has important operational and (cid:12)nancial implications. First, the (cid:12)rm acts more conservatively when either facing more severe (cid:12)nancial distress or a large share of strategic customers. As its (cid:12)nancial situation deteriorates, the (cid:12)rm lowers inventory alone when (cid:12)nancial distress is mild or only a small share of customers are strategic and lowers both inventory and price in the presence of severe (cid:12)nancial distress and a large fraction of strategic customers. Under optimal price and inventory decisions, strategic waiting accounts for a large part of the (cid:12)rm's total cost of (cid:12)nancial distress, although a larger proportion of strategic customers may result in a lower probability of bankruptcy. In addition to inventory reduction and (immediate) price discount, we (cid:12)nd that a deferred discount, in the form of rebates and/or store credits for future purchases, can act as an effective mechanism to mitigate strategic waiting. As a contingent price reduction, deferred discounts align the interests of customers and the (cid:12)rm and are most effective when the fraction of strategic customers is high and the (cid:12)rm's (cid:12)nancial distress is at a medium level.


Laser light scattering is a powerful tool for its noncontract nature and its convenience to nondestructive examination in the semiconductor industry. Taking the advantage of the scattering matrixes, the models of particulate contaminants on the wafer and subsurface defects are established, respectively. And the bidirectional reflectance distribution functions are derived. The results show that when the Rayleigh particle is on the wafer, the variation of BRDFpp is smooth without gulch for a definite incident angle. However, there is a gulch with the increment of scattering angle and the position of gulch is reduced with the increment of incident angle. When the Rayleigh particle is below the wafer, with an identical incident angle, there is a gulch with the variation of scattering azimuth angle. In addition, BRDFpp becomes larger and larger with the incident angle of p polarization light increment. The conclusions provide theoretical basis for quality evaluation and identify the information of contaminants detected in the semiconductor industry.


Hawaii is highly dependent on imported consumer goods which include apparel products. Even aloha wear (i.e., Hawaiian shirts and dresses) is often imported from other countries (e.g., China, India) because of the low cost advantages. The purpose of this study is to understand how Hawaii apparel manufacturers' (HAM) export businesses are performing in globalised circumstances. Understanding HAM's export business performance based on their marketing resources and export barriers can make important contributions to the academic literature and the apparel manufacturing industry in Hawaii. The results of the study revealed that a global market partnership is one of the most important factors that can boost exports. Collaborating with trustworthy international trade agencies turned out to be another key to success in exports. Government support (e.g., subsidy, tax benefit) and practical educational training (e.g., export seminars) may be necessary, and legal protection of designs should be adopted internationally.


In this short article I introduce the"jordan"package which provides functionality for working with different types of Jordan algebra. I give some numerical verification of the Jordan identity for the five types of Jordan algebras. The package is available on CRAN at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=stokes.


Applications of large horsepower single-phase written-pole/sup TM/ motors are discussed. Much of the electrical distribution in the world is single-phase. The written-pole motor has very low starting current, and runs at very high efficiency at synchronous speed and unity power factor. These characteristics make the motors ideal candidates for operating at high horsepower (over 100 HP) in single-phase applications. They can be used to replace internal combustion engines in proper niches-reducing costs for irrigation and improving reliability. The paper also presents test data obtained in the development laboratory, as well as in the field.


To model inter-individual externalities and analyze the associated compensation issue, Ju and Borm (2005) introduces a new game-theoretic framework, primeval games, and proposes, from a cooperative perspective, three compensation rules as solution concepts for primeval games: the marginalistic rule, the concession rule, and the primeval rule. In this paper, we provide a non-cooperative approach to address these problems more specifically. Inspired by the generalized bidding approach (Ju and Wettstein (2006)) for TU games, we design various bidding mechanisms to fit the model of primeval games and show that each implements the corresponding compensation rule in subgame perfect equilibrium. These mechanisms require nearly no condition on the game environment and obtain each solution itself rather than in expected terms.Moreover, since the various mechanisms share a common basic structure, this paper offers a non-cooperative benchmark to compare different axiomatic solutions, which, in return, may advance the axiomatic study of the issue by constructing alternative compensation rules.


This paper presents a linear matrix driven scan based test methodology for ASIC designs which, compared to conventional scan methodology, reduces the test application time as well as the required tester memory and test data by an order of magnitude - without deteriorating the test quality. The proposed test methodology uses a linear matrix to drive a large number of parallel scan chains from a small set of chip pins. A multi-input-signature-register (MISR) is used at the output of chains to compress the test output response. By increasing the number of parallel scan chains, the length of the chains is reduced, which directly impacts the number of test cycles required to shift test data through the chains. This allows one to considerably reduce the test application time required for shifting data through scan chains. It also reduces the test data required to be stored in tester memory, thus considerably reducing the manufacturing test cost, and allowing the reuse of older generations of less expensive testers with smaller memory.


The larynx is one of the most complex neuromuscular organs in the human body. It possesses the triumvirate responsibility of regulating voice, respiration, and deglutition. Anyone who has ever attempted to rehabilitate, reinnervate, or transplant this organ understands the frustration and inherent difficulty in effectively treating laryngeal disease. There is no greater challenge to the laryngeal surgeon than bilateral vocal fold immobility (BVFI).


This study examines the interconnection between organizational culture, leadership behaviour and organizational success and create an empirical link based on data drawn from one of Nigeria's Cement Manufacturing Companies. This research was conducted using the quantitative method across the staff in the selected company. Semi-structured questionnaires were distributed to a population sample of 63 participants. From the results, there exists a significant relationship between these three elements while the organizational cultural type and style of leadership enforces the existing relationship. It was discovered that organizational culture which refers to the beliefs and values that have existed in an organization for a long time, and to the beliefs of the staff and the foreseen value of their work that will influence their attitudes and behaviour. We established that administrators or top management officers tend to modify their leadership behaviour to achieve the organization's goals which in turn often influence job satisfaction on the part of the employee. It was also ascertained that there was a positive link between organization culture, leadership behaviour and organizational success. Findings also revealed that the culture of the organization has a two-way effect on the success of the organization, likewise the leadership traits and behaviour.


We give two proofs of a level-rank duality for braided fusion categories obtained from quantum groups of type $C$ at roots of unity. The first proof uses conformal embeddings, while the second uses a classification of braided fusion categories associated with quantum groups of type $C$ at roots of unity. In addition we give a similar result for non-unitary braided fusion categories quantum groups of types $B$ and $C$ at odd roots of unity.


A patient with status epilepticus of tonic expression had seizures characterized by clouding of consciousness, generalized hypertonia and neurovegetative changes. The following data were obtained by polygraphic and pharmacological studies.


This paper explores how aligned arts and play experiences can extend child and family engagement in a public outdoor space. The importance of outdoor play for children is strongly advocated and in response local governments provide playgrounds and recreational open spaces. To extend further the experiences afforded in such spaces some local governments now employ 'play workers', whose role is to prompt exploration and facilitate connections. With the intention of animating an uninviting and underused outdoor public space, the ArtPlay Backyard program presented a series of artist-facilitated experiences that encouraged children and families to explore, interact and transform. Research into this program, undertaken through observations and in-situ interviews, mapped the views and actions of children, parents, early childhood professionals and artists. The study concluded that the program was highly engaging to families who were animated by 'artful play': experiences guided by artists, who, acting like 'play workers', stimulated imaginative, aesthetic, creative and social encounters with people, place, and materials. IJEA Vol. 16 No. 8 http://www.ijea.org/v16n8/ 2 Introduction It is a warm day. The large open outdoor area adjacent to the public facility ArtPlay, glares with reflected light emanating from the fine gravel ground cover. Families rarely interact with this space that serves as thoroughfare more than a place to stop and take time. Impersonal and unprotected from the natural elements, the space does not invite children to stop, notice and play: the space is vacant. (Researcher observation) Ironically the space described, which was rarely inhabited, was located in a vibrant central riverside environment adjacent to a public arts facility for families, ArtPlay.1 To extend beyond indoor and fee-based booked activities, the ArtPlay Backyard program was initiated. Managed by the City of Melbourne, it sought to engage wider family participation and animate an outdoor environment through creative play facilitated by artists. This paper reports on research that mapped and interpreted what invited families and how they responded to the ArtPlay Backyard experiences. In particular, it explores how the arts and play aligned to enhance child and family engagement.


First off, I want to thank and congratulate Adam Pryor for his lecture and paper at the JK Russell conference on March 7, 2020. I would also like to acknowledge the hours—more like years—he spent researching, reading, thinking, and conversing in order produce this caliber of theology. As a biologist and Christian theologian, I am excited and especially appreciative of Pryor's focus on Astrobiology and Christian Theology. His cutting-edge work, up front and accurate in its assessment of our planet's future, is important to today's theological task. Implicit to the structure of Pryor's thought is the cultural paradigm shift from a mechanistic worldview to a systematic or holistic view, from a focus on the parts to a picture of the whole, and from disciplinary isolation to inter-disciplinary collaboration. From this vantage point, Pryor relocates aspects of the Christian faith such as the imago Dei and vocation from their historically individual seat to a planetary reality. He is paving the way for an environmentally integrated, Christian life born of an understanding of our location and our collective role as creatures embedded in the systems of this planet. I would like to uplift three components of his work that I find especially interesting. These components are the cultural paradigm shift to holism, the continuous planetary imago Dei, and planetary vocation. I will discuss these components as they are in order to establish definition. Then, in the spirit of Adam's work, I will attempt to identify the place of the components within the scope of his thought. In essence, I will define individual idea or part, then I will study it within the whole system. Finally, I will either pose a question or suggest a means for continued research to each of these components. The first component is the presupposed cultural paradigm shift. Although Pryor does not specifically introduce a planetary paradigm shift like the shift from mechanism to systems theory proposed by the biologist Fritjof Capra, he does rely on this shift as a theme throughout his paper. For instance, Pryor appeals to Karen Barad's agential realism, which is built upon holism. For Barad, "the primary ontological unit is not independent objects with inherent boundaries and properties but rather phenomena." Furthermore, Barad notes "phenomena are the ontological inseparability or entanglement of intra-acting agencies." Finally, she describes intra-action as an indication that "reality is composed not of things-in-themselves or things-behind-phenomena but things-in-phenomena." To summarize, Pryor notes that events are the primary form of reality. Our experience as separate entities from the world is derived from the initial event. Pryor applies agential realism to astrobiology which demonstrates that living systems and environmental habitability are a phenomenal, holistic unit. They form an intra-active phenomenon that is ontologically primordial; meaning that systems and environment are dimensions of reality bound together prior to the material shaping of either one.


We reconsider the possibility that the tension in the $|V_{cb}|$ determinations from inclusive and exclusive $B$ decay modes is due to a new physics effect. We modify the Standard Model effective Hamiltonian for semileptonic $b \to c$ transitions including a tensor operator with a lepton flavour dependent coupling $\epsilon_T^\ell$, and investigate separately the muon and electron modes. The interference term between SM and NP, proportional to the lepton mass, has different impact in the inclusive and exclusive $B$ modes to muon. Moreover, even when the lepton mass is small as for the electron, the NP effect is different in inclusive and exclusive $B$ channels. For both $\mu$ and $e$ we find a region of $\epsilon_T^{\mu,\,e}$ where the constraints from $B^- \to D^{(*)0} \ell^- {\bar \nu}_\ell$ and $B \to X_c \, \ell \, \bar \nu_\ell$ are satisfied for the same $|V_{cb}|$.


Activated carbon is widely used as an electrode material for capacitive deionization. However, it has low wettability with electrolytes and a low ion-adsorption capacitance. To enhance the wettability of activated carbon, in this study, a carbon-metallic oxide composite was synthesized using poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block copolymer and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). The TiO 2 supporting material was synthesized by a sol-gel method, and activated carbon was prepared by high-temperature calcination at 550 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The active material containing 50 % TiO 2 exhibited the highest positive and negative capacitances of 109.5 and 121.3 F g -1 , respectively. Finally, when this material was used as a capacitive deionization electrode, the maximum ion removal rate was approximately 92 %. These results indicate that the carbon-TiO 2 composite electrode was more effective than the raw carbon electrode. In the end, we demonstrated the potential of a metallic oxide with activated carbon for desalination water treatment.


This article reanalyzed 124 U.S. Air Force aviation mishaps from 1992 through 2005, using the Department of Defense Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. Mishap types included controlled flight into terrain, loss of control, spatial disorientation, and midair collisions. All accidents were linked with supervisory errors related to proficiency and experience factors. Preconditions to unsafe acts were most frequently related to cognitive, psychobehavioral, and coordination, communication, and planning factors. Continued improvements in operational risk assessment and crew resource management are suggested, as well as interventions such as flight operations quality assurance and line-oriented safety audits to specifically focus latent error mitigation strategies.


At present,because of the poor intelligence,the traditional syntactic-based service discovery has been unable to satisfy customer's expectation. For building ontology library in the different areas and situations,establishment of mechanism for the semantic-based Web service discovery is very complicated.Combining the above two approachs,a mechanism for Web service discovery based on WordNet and the Kernel function is proposed in this paper.First,choose Kernel-WordNet-VSM can be utilized to solve the services classification,and WordNet is used to make vector dimension reduction on the extracted feature,Kernel function also calculate the similarity between vectors.Then minimum path between the words in the concept chain of wordNet is used to match user's requests and service on the functional attributes of service based on semantic level.Thus in terms of intelligence service discovery has been improved to some extend while the accuracy is improved in classification of services on a certain.


In this study the aim was to study the effect of privatizations on the financial position of companies,there is stydied two cases, Agricultural Bank and Olympic Airways. Internationally, the literature has shown that privatization contributes to the improvement of the financial position of companies.The privatization of Olympic Airlines was completed in 2009, and the Agricultural Bank's in 2012, with its acquisition by Piraeus Bank.The data concern the period 2005-2014. The results showed that for the Olympic privatization had little effect on its financial position and was presented improvement in 2014, with its acquisition by Aegean.For the Agricultural Bank, it seemed that there was not a significant effect .However the share price rose sharply.


[57] ABSTRACf The present invention is a method for transmitting a desired digital video or audio signal stored on a first memory of a first party to a second memory of a second party. The method comprises the steps of transferring money via a telecommunications line to the first party from the second party. Additionally, the method comprises the step of then connecting electronically via a telecommunications line the first memory with the second memory such that the desired signal can pass there-between. Next, there is the step of transmitting the desired digital signal from the first memory with a transmitter in control and in possession of the first party to a receiver having the second memory at a location determined by the second party. The receiver is in possession and in control of the second party. There is also the step of then storing the digital signal in the second memory.


PKBalpha/Akt1, a protein kinase, is a major mediator of angiogenic signaling. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of PKBalpha/Akt1 in bone vascularization and development. For that aim, macromolecular dynamic contrast enhanced MRI was applied to examine in vivo vascular changes in long bones of 40‐day‐old growing PKBalpha/Akt1‐deficient, heterozygous, and wild‐type mice. Ex vivo μMRI and μCT were applied to monitor the impact of PKBalpha/Akt1 gene dosage on trabecular bone formation during endochondral bone growth. PKBalpha/Akt1‐deficient mice and, remarkably, also heterozygous mice showed significantly reduced blood volume fraction in the humerus compared to wild‐type mice. Moreover, PKBalpha/Akt1‐deficient mice showed a more severe vascular deficiency with reduced permeability. μCT and μMRI of trabeculae revealed impaired bone formation in both PKBalpha/Akt1‐deficient and heterozygous mice, whereas cortical bone parameters were only reduced in PKBalpha/Akt1‐deficient mice. Reduction of metaphyseal blood vessel invasion, concomitant with aberrant trabeculae and shorter long bones, demonstrates a gene‐dose‐dependent role for PKBalpha/Akt1 in regulation of overall size and endochondral bone growth. MRI proved to provide high sensitivity for in vivo detection of subtle gene dose effects leading to impaired bone vascularity and for uncovering changes in trabecular bone. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan nanofibers had their solution and process parameters optimized using a Box-Behnken design and desirability function. Four factors (applied voltage, flow rate, distance tip-to-plate and amount of chitosan) were varied to produce electrospun mats with a low fiber diameter. An empirical model was developed for each response using response surface methodology (RSM), which revealed that flow rate had no significant influence on the assessed responses. With desirability function, the optimal conditions to produce the nanofibers were applied voltage of 13.1 kV, 30% chitosan concentration and distance tip-to-plate of 10 cm. The fiber diameter and standard deviation were 196.5 ± 28.3 nm, compared to the predicted values of 185.9 ± 26.8 nm. The desirability function allied with Box-Benhken design proved themselves important tools to predict process parameters for the development of nanofibers. The mats were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde for 24 h and 48 h and presented good water stability and enhanced mechanical properties.


According to health care professionals, health information exchange supports patient safety during interorganizational care transitions. However, the usability and structure of health information exchange systems still need to be developed, while user-related factors should be considered to ensure safe health information exchange. Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objective This systematic review aimed to identify, critically appraise, and synthesize the best available literature on registered nurses' and medical doctors' experiences of patient safety in health information exchange (HIE) during interorganizational care transitions. Methods The review was conducted according to the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. A total of 5 multidisciplinary databases were searched from January 2010 to September 2020 to identify qualitative or mixed methods studies. The qualitative findings were pooled using JBI SUMARI with the meta-aggregation approach. Results The final review included 6 original studies. The 53 distinct findings were aggregated into 9 categories, which were further merged into 3 synthesized findings: (1) HIE efficiency and accuracy support patient safety during interorganizational care transitions; (2) inaccuracies in content and structure, along with poor HIE usability, jeopardize patient safety during interorganizational care transitions; and (3) health care professionals' (HCP) actions in HIE are associated with patient safety during interorganizational care transitions. Conclusions The results of this review identified several advantages of HIE, namely, improvements in patient safety based on reduced human error. Nevertheless, a lack of usability and functionality can amplify the effects of human error and increase the risk of adverse events. In addition, HCPs' individual actions in HIE were found to influence patient safety. Hence, the cognitive and sociotechnical perspectives of work related to HIE should be studied. In addition, HCPs' experiences of each stage of HIE deployment should be clarified to ensure a high standard of patient safety. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020220631, registered on November 13, 2020.


The studies were conducted on improving the technology of a binder, which may be used to manufacture products using the vibratory casting method. The physic technical characteristics of samples made from ceramic refractory material and molded using the vibratory casting method were specified. The products (crucible and sagger) were manufactured via vibratory casting method (using the optimal furnace charge) to conduct their tests in an industrial enterprise.


Objective:To explore the antibacterial effect of Chenese herbs on streptococcus pneumoniae in Guangzhou.Methods:Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of the extracts affecting on bacteria was assayed by agar dilution.Results:Five kinds of Chinese herbs decoction had different antibacterial effects on streptococcus pneumoniae,among which coptis washighly active against streptococcus pneumoniae.Its MIC_(50) was 2 g/mL,MIC_(90)was 4 g/mL.Conclusion:Some Chinese herbs had acterionstatic effect against streptococcus pneumoniae.


This paper elaborates on Baldwin's (1999) New Economic Geography model allowing for capital accumulation and capital mobility between a "rich" and a "poor" region. A central government decides upon the level and the regional and sectoral allocation of productivity enhancing public investments. We derive results on how such policies affect the overall private capital stock and its regional allocation under alternative financing schemes. We show that the regional and sectoral distribution of public capital matters in determining the final impact of an increase in public capital on the level of private capital. Furthermore, we find that increasing public capital in the "poor" region does not always increase the share of manufacturing in that region as the final result depends on the relative strength of two effects which have been studied separately in the literature so far: the "productivity" and the "demand" effects. Finally, we show that in order to be effective regional policy must not confine itself to the expenditure side but has to take into account the financing side at the same time.


Computer networks play an important role in data communication at companies or government institutions to support them in terms of work. In this case, the authors conducted observational research and direct interviews with IT staff at the Ditjen PPKL Control about how the network operates in that place. Routers have a very important role in data communication and connecting different networks, so a router reduction system is needed as a solution to minimize failures on the network or these devices. The network topology in each office or government agency is different, which makes the problems in each government office or agency different. Based on the research that has been done, the network of the Ditjen PPKL often experiences a link down which causes disconnection of the internet connection and hinders the productivity of staff. So a router redundancy system is needed to maintain network availability, such as the Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) which has two lines, one as the mainline and the other as a backup if the mainline is down. That way network availability will always be maintained without having to wait for the IT staff to do troubleshooting if there is a network failure. The result of this research is to provide maintained network availability. Even if a link goes down, the network will automatically return to normal.


The emergence of commodity market institutions in oil is examined in this paper. The demand for futures markets, an increase in trading, and other mechanisms for shedding risk are shown to have been created by changes in the structure of the world oil market. The primary contributors to these changes were the nationalization of the holdings of the multinational companies, changes in tax regimes in certain oil-consuming nations, removal of controls in consuming nations, and an increase in uncertainty about demand. These changes created a felt need for commodity market institutions. In addition, the following factor was required: the inability of the members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to set and adhere to realistic output ceilings. It is suggested that the continued survival--let alone further growth--of these markets depends on OPEC's pst and prospective inability to control production.


The utility model provides a power grid failure remote intelligent monitoring device which relates to the technical field of electronic alarms. The device comprises a mainframe, a grounded sensor, a short-circuit sensor and a transmission cable. The mainframe comprises a photoelectric signal conversion module, a microprocessor control system, an LED display module, a remote communication module and a key input and power supply module. The basic principle of the device is as follows: the sensor collects the fault signal of the power grid, the fault signal is converted into an optical signal, the optical signal is transmitted to the mainframe via the cable, the mainframe carries out the photoelectric conversion of the signal and then inputs the converted signal into the CPU for analysis and determination, and outputs a panel control signal and a remote display control signal after coding and decoding, and the remote signals are modulated and demodulated and then subjected to the remote transmission. The device realizes the remote automatic control and ensures the automatic control and the intelligentized operation of the power grid. The power grid failure remote intelligent monitoring device adopts the integrated structure design and can run stably in the harsh environment.


During the global crisis, USA and EU as the two most important economic and technology centers of the World, started discussions about signing a special free trade alliance under a new concept which is named "Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)" on 08.07.2013. By the new lessons learned from crisis, USA and EU have intended to encourage growth and new business opportunities with the help of the concerned alliance. But on the other hand, USA and EU's alliance caused several concerns over other countries' economies. Especially China as the biggest trading ally for both USA and EU will be having severe losses thus China is expected to be badly affected from the alliance. TTIP is not only a trade accord, but is also a new process of integration for two strong economic regions. When the alliance is discussed for Turkey, it seems that several potential problems may occur. In the future, one of the most important negative consequences for Turkey will be the duty free trade opportunities of US products through EU when present tariff agreements and other applications will still exist between USA and Turkey. Furthermore, it is essential that such countries like Canada, Mexico and Turkey who have alliances with USA & EU, must also be included in the TTIP discussions. It is highly important that the consequences of this alliance which may negatively affect Turkey must be carefully discussed in the future. In addition it is a must to analyze all the potential problems and the resolutions of these problems during the negotiations. Consequently, Turkey must make the necessary analysis and must have a road map.


The decays of a Higgs boson to the $\gamma\gamma$ and $Z\gamma$ final states are purely quantum mechanical phenomena that are closely related to each other. We study the effects of an extended Higgs sector on the decay rates of the two modes. We propose that a simultaneous determination of them and the $ZZ$ mode is a useful way to see whether the Higgs boson recently observed by the LHC experiments is of the standard model type or could be a member of a larger Higgs sector.


A versatile synthetic protocol was proposed for direct C–C coupling of a cymantrene fragment with various azaheterocycles on the basis of nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in the absence of metal catalysts.


The main aim of our project is to eradicate black money and effective removal of fake currency in the trade market to make this effective we have came up with the new concept of embedding NFC chips in to our currency notes making it traceable and reusable this tag includes the rupee value, tag number and expiry date of currency. We are implementing 4 methodologies for identifying the black money. In every office/shops we are going to provide money counting devices which comes with a inbuilt RFID reader which would read the currencies tag no, value and expiry date. We would provide a RFID reader device which can be attached to the android mobile via OTG connectivity to all the small entrepreneurs and road side vendors. For merchants and vendors who cannot afford a reader we generate QR codes with respective details of the person's account So the buyer can scan the QR code which contains the account details of the Person and pay the amount will be credited to the sellers account. We are implementing cashless transaction using card. Using all of the above four methodologies RBI can easily track all the transactions (Income & Expenditure) made by every individual user. One more feature is we provide SMS notification for expiring currency. KeywordsNFC : Near Field Communication, RFID : Radio Frequency Identification, QR : Quick Response, OTG : On The Go


This article examines how on-air conversations between journalists indicate how US television coverage of a race-related crisis can reflect racial ideology. Using critical discourse analysis, we examined interjournalistic discourse about African Americans in national network and cable news programs that aired after Hurricane Katrina reached New Orleans. While we expected conversational semantic items from conservative Fox News to reflect racial ideology, we also found such discursive elements from politically moderate and progressive news organizations such as CBS, CNN, and MSNBC. These findings are consistent with Anxiety Uncertainty Management theory, which predicts that exposure to stressors in unfamiliar settings causes individuals to think in ethnocentric, dichotomous, stereotypical ways. Our research underscores the impact of white privilege on language, communication, and news production, and the need for cultural competence training to enhance journalists' ability to discuss racial matters with ease.


In Soviet Union many mathematicians studied Walsh series and series with respect to multiplicative systems on groups of measure zero. Many of their results in this field were published in the books [1] - [3]. There exists a monograph [4] on fractional integrals and derivatives, but these integrals and derivatives are not dyadic ones. All results on dyadic differentiation or dyadic integration are written recently in Russia, but not in former Soviet Union.


Objectives:To explore the efficacy and safety of treating chronic congestive heart failure(CHF) with carvedilol.Methods:A total of 180 patients with chronic CHF were randomly divided into study group and control group,90 in each.Carvedilol was gradually added to conventional therapy from initial dose to the target or maximum dose tolerated in the study group,while placebo was given in the same pattern as carvedilol in the control group.The course was 24 weeks.The heart rate,blood pressure,echocardiography were measured and heart function was classified with the New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification before and after treatment,as well as adverse effects were recorded.Results:Total efficacy of the study and control groups were 96.67% and 82.22%,respectively.After the treatment,the patients' heart rate and systolic blood pressure were decreased,exercise tolerance index was increased,left ventricular ejection fraction was improved,left ventricular diastolic dimension and left ventricular systolic dimension were decreased,and the expression of noradrenalin,plasma renin activity and angiotensin Ⅱ were decreased in the study group,as compared with the control group with a significant difference(P0.05),and no obvious adverse reactions occurred.Conclusion:Carvedilol based on conventional therapy may be effective to patients with chronic CHF of NYHA grades Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with fewer adverse reactions.


The paper describes the investigation results of economic and energy efficiency of microbial preparation Bactopaslon application in the technology of potato cultivation. The high efficiency of the studied biological product due to the advanced yield increase rates as compared to the increased costs was established.