The prevalence of risk factors in adults who have subjective coronary heart disease symptoms in Gunung Kidul Purpose This study aimed to identify the risk factors of smoking, passive smoking, physical activity, and consumption of fruits and vegetables in adults who have subjective coronary heart disease symptoms. Methods This study used secondary data involving 586 participants. Data were obtained from the survey of clean and healthy behaviors conducted by the provincial health office in 2015. Samples were adults aged 18-60 and aged < 18 who have been married and settled in Gunungkidul. Analysis of the relationship between variables used chi-square and Poisson regression tests. Results The prevalence of smoking was lower in those who experience coronary heart disease subjective symptoms than those who do not have this symptom.  Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between passive smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, level of education and coronary heart disease subjective symptoms. Conclusion This study recommends making a regulation of non-smoking areas and its application in the society. It is also necessary to do socialization and counseling about the dangers, symptoms, and prevention of coronary heart disease.


The concepts of collection, rectangular arrangement, and membership for nested arrays are discussed separately and independently of array-theoretic operations. The concepts are illustrated by examples generated in the Nested Interactive Array Language, Nial.


This paper presents an improved technique for the power quality of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) using doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is presented. The main aim is to optimize the utilization of wind power injected into the grid. Wind grid integration brings the problems of voltage fluctuation and harmonic distortion. This paper presents an efficient power electronic interface with harmonic filters to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) and enhance power quality during disturbances. A phase to phase fault is simulated on 132 kV bus and the measured results obtained from grid connection of the wind generation system are presented. The results have demonstrated the ability of power interface harmonic filters to reduce THD. The proposed system increases the effectiveness of the utilization of wind energy


In violin performance,glissando is not only a technical skill,but also a way of violin music manifestation.Through the analysis of the glissando in violin concerto LIANG Shan-bo and ZHU Ying-tai,this article points out that glissando has a particular function,i.e.the catching point,not only in Chinese native style violin music but also in other music with Chinese native style.


A new vanadium zeolite labelled Nu-15 was prepared. The preparation procedure consists in hydrothermal decomposition of a vanadium glass for 4-10 days at 120-160 o C and saturated vapour pressure in a strongly basic solution of sodium hydroxide. The composition of the starting glasses was 15-17% Na 2 O, 15-17% Al 2 O 3 , 25-40% SiO 2 and 30-45% V 2 O 5 , the composition of the zeolite, apart from water, corresponds to the formula 2 Na 2 0.2Al 2 O 3 .6SiO 2 .V 2 O 5


A short introduction to library resources for students in Mat-Su College's Dietetics and Nutrition courses. An overview of some online tools to help cite sources


D URING a visit made by one of us to the Hawaian Islands, following upon the meeting of the British Association held in Toronto in I924, interest was aroused in the pineapple plantations and the question of securing seed and seedlings of Ananas sativus was raised. Several years later material arrived rather unexpectedly, sent by Professor Bergman of the University of Hawaii, and an investigation was begun. The object of the investigation was to follow out the early stages of development of a plant of such commercial importance and to compare with similar stages of hybrids when obtainable. These are being raised by the Association of Pineapple Growers, who have very kindly been forwarding the requisite material as soon as it becomes available. Nothing of outstanding interest has eventuated as yet, but in view of the paucity of the literature on the subject it seems worth while placing on record a detailed description of the morphological and anatomical development from the germination of the seed to the establishment of the young plant during the first year of its life. In the account given by Dr Killerman' of the history of pineapple discovery and culture it is stated that its American origin is undoubted, as, although cited from Bengal in the sixteenth century, no Sanskrit name is known and it probably was brought from Guadaloupe to Europe first by Columbus at the end of the fifteenth century. Cultivation seems to have started in the greenhouses at Leiden in the middle of the seventeenth century and in England in the eighteenth century. Propagation by suckers is spoken of by Weinmann, a botanist of Regensburg, but seed would appear not to have been germinated. Five or six species are known, of which Ananas sativus is the most important, and some sixty kinds. Hybrid material of several crosses between the Pernambuco, 1 S. Killerman, Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift, Sept. I9I8.


The Heavy rain in 1843 causes the flood of the Yellow river and Qin River. The dike of eighth watcher station is broken through by Yellow flood peaks in the sixth lunar month, and quickly flows to Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu provinces. In order to repair the dike quickly, officials begin to collect materials and construct Zhongmou debacle, but it's not the easiest party, they failed in 2nd lunar month 1844. By the new design of debacle and officers' unremitting effort, they finally succeed by the end of the same year. This article focus on two parts: first part is on Emperor, officers and Zhongmou debacle's construction, second part is the estimate of beget and effected areas.


We present a detailed study of of a global bifurcation occuring in a turbulent von K´arm´an swirling flow. In this system, the statistically steady states progressively display hysteretic behaviour when the Reynolds number is increased above the transition to turbulence. We examine in detail this hysteresis using asymmetric forcing conditions — rotating the impellers at different speeds. For very high Reynolds numbers, we study the sensitivity of the hysteresis cycle — using complementary Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and global mechanical measurements — to the forcing nature, imposing either the torque or the speed of the impellers. New mean states, displaying multiple quasi-steady states and negative differential responses, are experimentally observed in torque control. A simple analogy with electrical circuits is performed to understand the link between multi-stability and negative responses. The system is compared to other, similar "bulk" systems, to understand some relevant ingredients of negative differential responses, and studied in the framework of thermodynamics of long-range interacting systems. The experimental results are eventually compared to the related problem of Rayleigh-B´enard turbulence.


Over the half century since Independence in most African states the UN Statistical Division has played an increasing role in getting member countries to standardise and streamline their data collection and in particular the definitions used for data collection. A key concept in censuses and surveys is the definition of household since this determines the units for which much data are collected and analysed, and thus influences the data which are the basis for many policies. In this paper we analyse the evolution of the UN household definition over this time period and what aspects of the household this definition appears to be trying to capture. Using detailed census and survey documentary data (from questionnaires, enumerator and supervisor manuals etc) for 4 African countries (Burkina Faso, Senegal, Uganda and Tanzania) we examine the extent to which each country has actually implemented this definition in different data collection activities over the last 50 years, highlighting differences between Anglophone and Francophone practice but also noting where country level idiosyncrasies and adaptations to local conditions are priorities. In a final stage perspectives provided from in-depth interviews with key informants from different levels within the hierarchy of statistical offices in each country, demonstrate the variability in the importance accorded to the UN harmonisation aims and the problems which arise when these standardised approaches interact with local norms and living arrangements.


This research entitled "The Relationship between Corn Farmers and Land Owners in Kemelak Bindung Langit Village, East Baturaja District, Ogan Komering Ulu District". The purpose of this study is to determine the Work Relationship of Corn Farmers with Land Owners in the Kelurahan of Kemelak Bindung Langit, East Baturaja District. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method that develops descriptive data on the working relationship of corn farmers with landowners. In this study the research informants were selected purposively, a technique that aims to take informants from people who are really involved with the problem under study. Types and sources of data obtained through primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques such as observation, interviews and documentation. The data collected was then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman plots which consist of data reduction, presentation and conclusions.
The results of this study show that the working relationships and landowners here are hard, because by working, they can make ends meet and the hardships that force them to work hard, the demand to improve their quality of life requires them to work harder, always respecting nature and preserving environment, good relations between farmers for smooth work, there is competition among fellow corn farmers which makes them work harder and by increasing the area of land will increase the income of corn farmers in the Kemelak Bindung Langit Village, East Baturaja District.


The age of geographical discoveries and of the rise of the great colonial empires did not bring the Venetian Republic into competition with the sea-faring nations which came to subject to their dominion one area or other of the vast territories of the New World. More than enough reasons desuaded a small state like Venice from embracing any illusions of expanding across the Atlantic, in slow but inexorable decline as it was from its time-honored position of international prestige. However, in spite of the definitely marginal, though not irrelevant, position the concept of America had in the Venetian culture of the 1500's and 1600's, it is not unreasonable to ask if this culture itself had produced, or at least known and accepted some form or other of iconological and iconographic transcription of this concept and what their nature and ideological significance might be. This present work aims at finding an answer to this question.


When participants are asked to translate an ambiguous word, they are slower and less accurate than in the case of single-translation words (e.g., Láxen & Lavour, 2010; Tokowicz & Kroll, 2007). We report an experiment to further examine this multiple-translation effect by investigating the influence of variables shown to be relevant in bilingual processing. The experiment included cognates and non-cognates with one translation or with multiple translations. The latter were presented with their dominant or subordinate translations. Highly-proficient balanced bilinguals responded to a translation recognition task in the two language directions (Catalan–Spanish and Spanish–Catalan). The results showed a significant multiple-translation effect in both cognates and non-cognates. Moreover, this effect was obtained regardless of language dominance and translation direction. Participants were faster and more accurate when performing translation recognition for the dominant than for the subordinate translations. The findings are interpreted adopting the Distributed Representation Model (de Groot, 1992b).


521 One assumed explanation for the use of different code-switching strategies can be found in the history of the two contact situations. While Russian–Surgut Khanty bilingualism started in the middle of the 20th century, Erzyas were reported to be bilingual already in the 19th century. This prolonged contact resulted in convergence between Russian and Erzya, making congruent lexicalization possible, even though the two languages are typologically different. These results are also in accordance with Auer's (1999) continuum model describing different phases of language contact. While the first phase (code-switching) shows characteristics found both in Surgut Khanty and in the speech of Erzyas with more conscious language use and puristic ideas, typical patterns of phase two (language mixing) involving frequent switching and congruent lexicalization are attested only in Erzya.


This chapter provides an overview of prevention strategies to help stave off possible future school attendance problems once they are resolved. The chapter focuses on continued practice of methods that best helped a child return to school; continued tracking of attendance, distress, and morning behavior problems; continued contact with school officials; continued meetings with a child; and continued reminders and expectations regarding school attendance. Special circumstances include leaving for work early in the morning, multiple children in a family who have difficulty attending school, children with developmental disorders, and referral to the legal system. Suggestions for what to do if the book was less helpful are also provided, and the chapter is linked to the next one on more severe school attendance problems.


Genetic resources and its relation to the protection of intellectual property is a controversial issue which has been one of the agendas of TRIP...


Induction generators are widely used to generate electrical power in small hydraulic applications. The main disadvantage of standalone induction generators is the problem of regulating the voltage magnitude and voltage frequency under load variation. This paper investigates a three-phase self-excited induction generator (SEIG) operating under varying load, utilizing the water energy in a small reservoir hydropower plant. The generator excitation is provided by a three-phase capacitor bank and an inverter with Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM). Furthermore, the inverter with a battery controls the active power flow between the generator and the load in order to provide a constant frequency of voltage. The proposed control scheme consists of two PI controllers. The first controls the voltage magnitude by regulating the inverter reactive power, while the second one adjusts the guide vanes of the turbine according to the DC voltage of the battery. The proposed control system has been tested under load step changes. The simulation results of the system, obtained using the Matlab/Simulink software, have demonstrated good control performance.


The architecture and circuit design are the two most effective means of reducing power in CMOS VLSI. Mathematical manipulations, based on applying ideas from multirate signal processing have been applied to create high performance, low power architectures. To illustrate this approach, two case studies are presented-one concerns the design of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) device, while the other one is concerned with the design of analog-to-digital converters.


Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) carries a risk of oesophageal and pharyngeal trauma, particularly in the setting of previous instrumentation or surgery. We describe the novel use of videolaryngoscopy to assist during the placement of a TOE probe in a patient with a difficult airway. A 60-year-old man (American Society of Anesthesiologists class 3) attended for semi-urgent TOE-guided direct current cardioversion (DCCV) for new-onset atrial flutter. Past medical history was notable for mandibular alveolar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; cT4aN1Mx) two years earlier, with wide local excision of the mandibular alveolar SCC, segmental mandibulectomy, bilateral neck dissection, surgical tracheostomy and fibular free flap reconstruction. Postoperative flap bleeding and wound dehiscence had required further left turnover pectoralis major flap, and he had also received radiotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. External examination revealed significant scarring and 'woodiness' at the submandibular and neck areas, consistent with post-radiotherapy changes. He was edentulous with trismus and had a Mallampati score of 3. The procedure was conducted in the left lateral position, with supplemental oxygen by way of a disposable mouthguard and a nasal cannula, with a carbon dioxide line (Meditech Systems Ltd., Dorset, UK). General anaesthesia was induced with intravenous midazolam 1.5 mg intravenously and a propofol infusion. Several attempts by a highly experienced imaging cardiologist to intubate the oesophagus with the transducer (X8-2t; Philips Healthcare, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) were unsuccessful, and furthermore were complicated by severe hypoxia consistent with trauma-induced laryngospasm. Airway management with bag–mask ventilation and then suxamethonium administration successfully restored oxygenation, but the team contemplated abandoning the procedure despite an ongoing strong indication. However, pharyngeal visualisation was achieved with the introduction of a C-MAC videolaryngoscope (Karl Storz, Australia) with a D-blade into the pharynx. The upper oesophagus was noted to be laterally displaced, accounting for the difficulties with blind intubation; however, insertion of the transducer was now readily achieved at the first attempt under real-time direct visualisation. Echocardiographic assessment of the left atrial appendage confirmed the absence of any intracardiac thrombus. However, prior to completion the procedure was complicated by significant upper airway obstruction, resulting in major and repeated oxygen desaturation requiring ongoing airway management, dexamethasone and videobronchoscopy. However, it was possible to proceed to DCCV after airway stabilisation, with restoration of sinus rhythm. The patient was observed in the intensive care unit overnight, and discharged home the following day. At a follow-up interview, the patient gave permission for publication of this episode of care. This report details the utility of videolaryngoscopy in those cases in which blind oesophageal intubation proves difficult or prohibitive, in which abandonment of the procedure might otherwise be necessary. Ready access to videolaryngoscopy in transoesophageal echocardiography departments and attendant training in its use may thus be desirable, particularly for high-volume units. Second, videolaryngoscopy is likely to ameliorate the risk of oesophageal trauma, perforation and airway complications in those in whom there are pre-existing risk factors. Indeed, a more routine use of this approach may be particularly desirable in those with prior head and neck surgery and radiotherapy, in


It is significant to research how to use the limited power efficiently for the energy contained wireless sensor networks.This paper proposed a tasks-driven feedback dynamic voltage scaling algorithm(FB-DVS) that based on the multihop routing and easily changed topology.FB-DVS could scale the working frequency and voltage levels dynamically according to the workload of sensor node,and fix the errors through feedback scheme and reduce the node′s power consumption at the premise of real-time tasks.The results of simulation indicated that the improved algorithm could effectively reduce the energy consumption and prolong the life of wireless sensor networks.


Within the context of sighted wine appreciation, previous studies indicate that extrinsic cues like price and area-of-origin have a marked effect on the sighted ratings proffered by tasting experts. While these expert ratings are widely employed by the wine media as proxies of genuine quality, it remains uncertain whether such expert ratings, in turn, serve to influence the public in their own sighted assessments of wine quality. To determine the influence of the expert rating cue in the public's sighted appreciation of wine, a tasting-room experiment was held in which 32 subjects assessed seven wines first blind and then sighted. During the sighted tasting the only (additional) cue-information made available was the expert rating conferred by the South African annual wine-guide known as John Platter . An interrogation of the resultant database of 224 paired blind and sighted wine assessments reveals the extent to which the expert rating cue consistently mediates the sighted appreciation of wine, this particularly within the younger, less experienced demographic. An examination of the meta-model's driving coefficients suggests that in explaining sighted quality, expert ratings appear to operate at five times the strength of the original intrinsic (blind) assessment. For marketers, this finding suggests (1) that the promotion of this extrinsic cue be targeted more specifically at wine "novices", and (2) that this narrowing of marketing focus implies a more judicious and effective employment of media budgets.


The house of cards that Herman Rorschach built has grown into a castle whose turrets sometimes lose themselves in the clouds of speculation but whose foundation appears to be fairly well established on the soil of clinical validation. In general, its strongest proponents are not insensitive to its shortcomings, nor are they oblivious to the need for a comprehensive and orienting personality theory which will give impetus and direction to carefully designed and clinically meaningful research with projective techniques. A voluminous literature on the Rorschach attests to the stimulating influence it has had upon empirical and experimental studies, and the end of so much research zeal is not yet in sight. Unfortunately, many experimental studies have tended to disregard the uniquely holistic nature of the test, a disregard which has frequently resulted in a spate of atomistically conceived investigations which, while models of research design and statistical rigor, have usually concluded with the discouraging statement that "our findings show no statistically significant relationship between . . . ." If clinical psychologists had taken these findings to heart, the Rorschach test would long since have been consigned to that limbo from which no


This study presents a general review of current opinion on Amanita phalloides and other toxic Amanita species poisonings, clinical symptoms, elementary principles of mycological, clinical and laboratory diagnostics, and treatment. Early diagnosis, centralization of the treatment have been particularly emphasized.


Objective To numerically simulate the half-squat parachute landing and analyze the mechanism of knee injuries with the finite element method based on the data of the simulated parachute landing experiment. Method The half-squat parachuting experiment was performed by 16 healthy volunteers. The heights of simulated landing were 0. 32 m,0. 52 m and 0. 72 m respectively. A three-dimensional finite element model of human knee joint was developed based on magnetic resonance images. The kinematical data of the knee and the data of the reaction force obtained by experiments were used to make a numerical simulation of the parachute landing process. Results The stress level of the knee increased with the increase of the height. The lateral meniscus and cartilage suffered greater loads than the medial ones. Obvious stress concentrations occurred in the anterior cruciate ligament and the medial collateral ligament when the knee flexion degree reached the peak value. Conclusions The severe impact in parachute landing is the direct cause of injuries in parachute landing. The lateral cartilage and meniscus are more likely to be injured,and the anterior cruciate ligament and the medial collateral ligament are easier to tear when the knee flexion degree reaches the peak value.


1. By reviewing several consecutive series of autopsies, both in adults and children, it has been shown that a recognizable change in pulmonary morphology is present in most patients who have had oxygen therapy for one or more days immediately prior to death.


This paper presents a method with whose help it is possible, to quickly and precisely predict the influence that thermal spot-shaped joining processes has on the dimensional stability of complex component structures even in early planning phase. The welding distortion is calculated in the context of reduced computing time, based upon an experimentally calibrated mechanical substitute model. This expands existing approaches of substitute models and defines both an experimental and numerical procedure for creating adequate calibration samples. In turn, this makes use of the potential obt ained for standardizing the experimental basis for calculating and modelling the distortion to automatically carry out painstaking calibration processes in simulations and experiments in future based upon mathematical model functions. Finally, the limits to applying the substitute spot welding model are verified with reference to its predictability using a complex joining situation of a car body construction.


Government attempts to raise the price of wheat have been so widespread during the past six years that some such action by the Canadian government was inevitable. The particular form of Canadian efforts was the result of circumstances. Participation in the London Wheat Agreement came because it was possible to make that Agreement, and probably no other international wheat agreement. The guarantee of operations conducted in the wheat futures market by Canadian Co-operative Wheat Producers Limited, the Central Selling Agency through which the western pools formerly sold their wheat, resulted from the special difficulties of that agency at a particular time. Considering the magnitude and importance of the operations, there has been comparatively little criticism, until recently, of government market intervention although lately there has been controversy with respect to the way in which it has been carried out. It is to be hoped that no difference of opinion as to the correctness of procedure at different times during recent years will obscure consideration of the future course of action.


An overview of the electronic speckle pattern interferometer as a tool for the study of structural vibrations will be presented, highlighting both the theory and construction of the device. Two specific applications to the study of musical instruments will then be discussed: time‐averaged interferometry of harmonic motion and time resolved interferometry of transient motion.


Carnitine (1, 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutyrate) is essential as a donor and acceptor of acyl groups in cellular metabolism. The major solution conformation of carnitine about C3-C4 contains the gauche relationship between the trimethylammonium and hydroxy groups, while two of the three low-energy, staggered conformations about C2-C3 are significantly populated. For studies of carnitine's protein binding sites, we designed conformationally defined cyclohexyl carnitine analogs (2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammoniocyclohexanecarboxylate) which all contain the favored carnitine conformation about the C3-C4 bond. Of the four possible diastereomers for these analogs, we synthesized three (2-4) that contain different carnitine conformations about C2-C3. Diastereomers 2 and 3 were prepared via the major diastereomeric products resulting from reduction of ethyl 5-chloro-3-nitrosalicylate (7). Compound 4, which could not be obtained in pratical quantities by the above method, was prepared stereoselectivity via opening of the epoxide of 3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)cyclohexene (23) with Et 2 AlCN. Compounds 2-4 were not substrates for pigeon breast carnitine acetyltransferase but were weak, competitive inhibitors with K i values from 2.9 to 4.1 mM. In contrast, compounds 2 and 4 were not inhibitors of neonatal rat cardiac myocyte CPT-2, while compound 3 was a modest competitive inhibitor (K i 5.3 mM). These results suggest differences between the carnitine binding sites of CAT and CPT-2


In this research, we propose to modify a traditional stereo microscope for quantitative 3-D surface profile measurement based on the combined stereovision and phase shifting method. A simple optical system and a miniature projector are used to project phase-shifted fringe patterns to the object surface. Two identical black-and-white cameras are used to capture the fringe images of the object surface, one for each optical channel of the stereo microscope. The calculated phase maps are used for stereo matching at the sub-pixel level. The 3-D surface profile is reconstructed using the triangulation method. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.


Literatur: [1] Weale, F. E.: An Introduction to Surgical Haemodynamics. London, Lloyd-Luke (1966) [2] Harvey, William: De Motu Cordis (1628) [3] Lighthill, J.: Physiological Fluid Dynamics. Philadelphia, SIAM(1975) [4] Nerem, R. M.: Arterial fluid mechanics and its implications in vessel-wall interactions. Euromech 67, Aachen (1975) [5] Rodkiewicz, C. M.: Localisations of early atherosklerotic lesions in the aortic arch in the light of fluid flow. J. Biomechanics 8 (1975), 149-156 [6] Wyatt, D. G.: Theory, design and use of electromagnetic flowmeters. In: Cardiovascular Flow Dynamics and Measurements. Baltimore, University Park Press (1977)


This article aims to make a historical digression on the work process, from the simple co-operation to the "Japanese production system" or "Toyota production system". Seeks to understand some meanings of changes in the work process, not only the work itself, but also the dynamics of social relations in capitalist society. Analyzing the work from the perspective of the social production mode it is intended a critique to the search for "pure types" or work processes uniform types in addition to critique of attempts at consensus between the social classes. We conclude that the Toyota production system is one of several strategies of capital to reproduce its domination and exploration of workforce. In this context, increasingly aggravated the control, monitoring and vulnerability conditions of work and employment, manifested in precarization and work intensification.


Abstract. This research examines the impact of personal competencies on individual work performance when performing maintenance activities and examines job specialization, formalization, and centralization as moderator variables. For the analysis, we use questionnaires data from 741 respondents of maintenance officers in the Signalling and Telecommunication Departement at PT KAI (Persero). The results showed that personal competencies significantly affecting individual work performance with a correlation value of 0.001 ( <0.05), and other results related to job Specialization and Centralization as moderator variables demonstrated that these two variables could not be treated as moderators in strengthening the relationship between personal competencies and performance. The results showed correlation value of 0.847 ( >0.05) and 0. 173 (>0.05), respectively. This research's formalization variable was not used in the hypothesis testing stage as a moderator because it lacked instrument validity. This study recommends that maintenance officers have better individual work performance when management focuses on increasing the personal competencies or focuses on increasing competencies in work fields that require special skills by the scope of work they face. Keywords: Personal Competencies. Individual Work Performance. Job Specialization. Formalization. Centralization


While missiles of various types have been known for centuries, the existence of a missile industry dates from the German V-1 and V-2 programs of the last war. The years following the end of that war saw this nation and others continue work based in part on German experience. Information gained in this manner, plus increased world tensions, resulted in greatly expanded research and development programs only a few years after the conclusion of World War II. Today, we find ourselves at the beginning of what might become one of the largest research, development and production programs ever attempted by man.


Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in BMA Medical College and Vajira Hospital Suksan Kanoksin MD, FICST* Suphakarn Techapongsatorn MD, FICST* Petchsree Charoensombatamorn BS (nursing)** Siriwan Tankittiwat BN, MSc (nursing administration)** * Department of Surgery, BMA Medical College and Vajira Hospital ** Nursing Department, BMA Medical College and Vajira Hospital Objective: To compare the results between off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: A total of sixty-two patients with coronary heart disease underwent coronary bypass at the Department of Surgery, Bangkok Metropolitan Administrtion Medical College and Vajira Hospital during November 2003 to April 2005 were enrolled. Methods: Hospital records and operative note records were collected and analyzed. Main outcome measures: Preoperative risk factors, intra-operative clinical markers and postoperative outcomes. Results: From the study, the differences between both groups in terms of age, sex, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia and diabetic mellitus were not significant. But there were statistically significant differences between both groups in terms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, renal disease, heart failure and number of vessel disease. According to result from intraoperative clinical markers, there was statistically significant differences between both groups in terms of numbers of bypass grafts. From the result of postoperative outcomes, on-pump coronary artery bypass group had more mortality rate, stroke incidence, wound infection rate, reoperation rate for stop bleeding, blood transfusion, drainage volume, rising of cardiac enzyme, longer period of ICU stay, longer ventilator dependence period, and longer hospital admission period. Conclusion: The outcomes of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting was better than on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting for treatment of coronary heart disease patients. This procedure can reduce the post-operative blood transfusion, post-operative ventilation usage, post-operative ICU stay, and hospital stay. Vajira Med J 2007 ; 51 : 171 - 177


(57) Abstract: The electrical connector (10) is configured, for example, to be able to receive a SIM such flat electronic module (32), the edges of the module (32) to the first end relative to the mounting face (16) initial insertion slot for receiving from the inclined direction (20), and locking tab (18 for holding the modules (32) in a horizontal direction relative to the mounting surface (16) to a second end opposite the first end ) comprising a dielectric housing (12) having, thereby being inserted into the module (32) first the first end, it is pivoted for subsequent mounting surface (16), towards the further locking tab (18) It is slid laterally along the mounting surface (16), thus is provided a wiping action module (32) is locking engagement by the locking tab (18).


Objectives:eurotoxicity is mediated by nitric oxide(NO) in the rat primary neuronal cultures and assess the effect of on the N-methyl-D aspartate(NMDA) receptors. Methods: We have used 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)assay to examine the effect of cytotoxicity of in neuronal cells , NO production was determined by measuring nirites, a stable oxidation product of NO. The neurons in the rat that contains neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) were examined by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The effects of on the NMDA receptors was assesed by the whole cell voltage clamp technique. Results: We showed that the NO release and NOS expression was increased with 500uM treatment and an NOS inhibitors, , prevented neurotoxicity elicited by manganese. In the electrophysiological study, does not block or activate the NMDA receptors and not pass through the NMDA receptors in a neurons of basal ganglia. Conclusions: It is concluded that manganese neurotoxicity in basal ganglia was partially mediated by nitric oxide in the cell culture model.


We consider sparse polynomials in $N$ variables over a finite field, and ask whether they vanish on a set $S^N$, where $S$ is a set of nonzero elements of the field. We see that if for a polynomial $f$, there is $\mathbf{c}\in S^N$ with $f (\mathbf{c}) \neq 0$, then there is such a $\mathbf{c}$ in every sphere inside $S^N$, where the radius of the sphere is bounded by a multiple of the logarithm of the number of monomials that appear in $f$. A similar result holds for the solutions of the equations $f_1 = \cdots = f_r = 0$ inside $S^N$.


We employ HgGa2S4 for difference-frequency generation between signal and idler of a synchronously pumped femtosecond OPO at 80 MHz achieving continuous tuning from ~4 µm (33 mW) to ~12 µm (>0.5 mW) and ~220-fs pulses.


This study examines the transition to a cash-based taxation scheme, which was enforced during the Reform of 1894 (甲午改革 Gabo Reform) in Late Joseon in an effort to solve the problem of geoncbe (愆?, taix-payimmt delay), in the late 19th century, the joseon government was suffering from a chronic fiscal deficit, which resulted from the widespread geonche, At that time, the central government stuck to the principle of collecting tax in kind (mainly rice). Joseons kings and high-ranking officials had well understood that the pn±lem of geonche was directly connected with bangnap (防納) and oe`hoek (外劃) since the 1860s. Bangnap is collecting tax in cash and buying actual goods such as gains (rice) to pay for the central governimtent, Oe`hoek is a public financial transaction without the banking system. where tax payments were delivered to the central government by a civilian third party (mainly merchants). The term hwan-hoek (換劃) was used as having the same meaning as oehoek, hut the former differed from the latter, Ct`hoek was ordered directly by the central government to pay taxes to a third patty, while hwanhoek was conducted through commercial transactions supervised by local officials, The two terms referred to the two similar tax-collecting practices because both of them bad relied on the transactions of merchants, One of the main policies implemented during the Financial Reform of 1894 was new tax payment system, where all kinds of taxes were integrated into land tax (結稅, Gyeolse) and poll tax (戶稅, Hose)-called gyeolhojeon (結戶錢 land and poll tax), and paid in cash. The newiy adc pted plan broke down the cash-rice transaction by the internwdiaries and was supposed to solve the geonche problem, Cornmonen also supported the fixed-rate-based gyeolhceon because, under the system, tax burden was less than under the conventional scheme, However, things did not fare well. Consequently, the problem of geonche had been worsened between 1894 and 1896 after the reform, Moreover, the Enlightenment Faction`s Cabinet faced a severe political crisis due to uihyeong (義兵, amnl forces in the cause of justice), which was motivated by the assassination of Queen Mm and resisted against the Edict of Bobbed Haii- in 1895, ln this situation, the transport of tax money physically to the capital was costly and dangerous. Money transfer through the banking or national Treasury systems must have been safer, Unfortunately, there ss no bank or natiotd Treasuty and financial transactions were entirely relied on merchants, As a reault, the Financial Department (度支部, Takgi-bu) had to allow the notorious practice of oe`hoek (and hwanhoek) as a means of tax pa)ment channel, According Yu, Kil-jun (兪吉濬), one of the leading members in the Deliberative Assembly (軍國機務處). the center of the reform, the new taxation scheme assumed that a government-established rice-dealer company (米商會社, Misang-heosa) would act as a bank, However, uibyeong organized by opposition groups intemipted the road transportation nationwide so that neither rice nor cash could be traded well. Furthermore, as merchant activities contracted, the geonche problem became even warse, As a result, the Joseon government recognized the necessity of modern credit system such as the establishment of the central bank.


(57) [summary] product to users or customers, particularly suitable for the intelligent selection and the provision of services or information, telephone transaction (either upward or downward), and the remote transactions, such as e-commerce apparatus and method for performing is provided. In a preferred embodiment, products, the choice of providing services or information, including up sales related data of the initial transaction or initial correlation. Providing up sales, preferably in real time, that is, eclipsed generated in the course of communication that the initial transaction or the initial cross transaction is provided.


Using hydrodynamic simulations we study the shear-induced unfolding of a collapsed polymer near a planar wall. Above a well-defined threshold shear rate , the globule becomes unstable and displays stretching-refolding events. With decreasing distance from the surface, the critical shear rate goes down, which is rationalized within a scaling analysis in terms of increased hydrodynamic stress due to a surface-induced slowing-down of globule rotation and translation. Our results are relevant for protein-assisted blood clotting in capillary vessels.


In this paper, we investigate the surface damage on commercially available ST-cut quartz by measuring microscopic features using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental results showed that the top surface of the sample is sufficiently flat with roughness of less than around 2 A and that the particles were ordered relatively near in one direction. However, the particle image seemed to indicate amorphous structure rather than crystalline structure of ST-cut quartz. The measurement data shows that there exists a heterogeneous damage layer at a depth of about 30 nm.


The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), binds to target cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor found in cells in blood vessels, lungs, heart, intestines, and kidneys.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection and is associated with severe disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and increased mortality (1). Patients with diabetes have ACE2 overexpressed in kidneys and the circulation; further, ACE2 expression may be increased in other tissues (for example, in lungs) as a consequence of angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) therapy (a treatment widely used for patients with diabetes), potentially increasing susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Previously, circulatory renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity was described in the setting of sustained hyperglycemia in diabetes (2). Here, we hypothesized that acute normalization of glycemia would modulate RAS overactivation in T2D. Therefore, plasma RAS-related protein levels were determined for T2D subjects versus control subjects at baseline and for T2D subjects after 1-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.

A case-control study of T2D and control subjects was approved by the Yorkshire and the Humber Research Ethics Committee, and all study participants signed an informed consent form prior to participation. The clamp was performed as detailed previously (3); all patients underwent a 10-h fast prior to the clamp, but ad libitum water ingestion was encouraged. Patients were admitted 1 h prior to the clamp procedure and remained in a supine position throughout the study. For the T2D subjects, baseline glucose was mean ± SE 7.6 ± 0.4 mmol/L (136.8 ± 7.2 mg/dL) and …


There is growing interest in the food production industry for technologies to prevent waste discharges. Due to ever increasing industrial wastewater discharge regulations, food manufacturers are keen on pursuing economical and progressive alternatives to publicly owned treatment works (POTW) treatment. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a type of bioreactor that utilizes the electrochemical potential in the chemical bonds of organic material to create electricity through a catalytic reaction of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. MFC technology at the laboratory scale has advanced to the point where chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of over 90% are commonly achieved; however, efficiencies at treating actual industrial food manufacturing wastewaters on a commercially viable scale have been less studied. This discussion gives a relative efficacy assessment of bench scale singleand dual-chamber MFC configurations (SCMFC and DCMFC, respectively) compared with a simulated POTW aeration process to treat high COD level tofu production waste (whey). Parametric tests of COD reduction performance as a function of key operating parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids and turbidity were performed to fully assess the extent of the MFCs effectiveness. Additionally, practical recommendations to address some of the real technical challenges that could hinder widespread dissemination of this more sustainable and potentially energy neutral technology in the tofu production industry will be presented. Name: Steven T. Barber, Josh M. Dranoff Email: email@example.com Registration Type: Oral Presentation Institution (eg. RIT, UR, Brockport, Cornell, etc.): RIT Academic Program: PhD Sustainability Abstract Title : INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS FOR THE TREATMENT Evaluation of a Phantogram Groundplane for the Study of Visually Guided Walking Behavior Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science Rochester Institute of Technology Kamran Binaee, Gabriel Diaz Abstract: Humans in the natural environment are able to maintain efficient and stable gait across complex terrain. In part, this is because visual feedback guides changes in heading, foot placement, and posture. However, the role of vision in postural control while walking is not well understood. We present a novel method for the study of visually guided walking over complex terrain in a laboratory setting. A ground-plane is projected upon a physically flat laboratory floor in a way that makes it appear to have height, similar to a one-plane CAVE environment. The percept of height is reinforced through the use of stereoscopic shutter glasses, and by the dynamic deformation of the projected objects to maintain the correct perspective with the subject's motion-tracked head position. This "Phantogram" ground plane method has a number of benefits. Obstacle height, shape, and location can be instantaneously manipulated, decreasing setup time, and increasing the number of trials-per session. Because head, feet and object positions are known, the environment facilitates the computational analysis of eye-tracking data. Thus, it opens the possibility of real-time manipulations that are contingent on behavior. In summary, the apparatus facilitates rigorous hypotheses testing in a controlled and safe environment, presumably, with minimal degradation to the visual perception. We have tested this assertion in a validation study. The subject was asked to approach and step over an obstacle of three possible heights, randomized between trials. Also the obstacle was varied between a real-world and a virtual Phantogram type. There are a number of quantitative criteria introduced to compare the subject's performance while avoiding real versus virtual obstacles. Data shows that subjects treat both type of obstacles similarly, thus validating the methodology for the study of naturalistic walking behavior. Humans in the natural environment are able to maintain efficient and stable gait across complex terrain. In part, this is because visual feedback guides changes in heading, foot placement, and posture. However, the role of vision in postural control while walking is not well understood. We present a novel method for the study of visually guided walking over complex terrain in a laboratory setting. A ground-plane is projected upon a physically flat laboratory floor in a way that makes it appear to have height, similar to a one-plane CAVE environment. The percept of height is reinforced through the use of stereoscopic shutter glasses, and by the dynamic deformation of the projected objects to maintain the correct perspective with the subject's motion-tracked head position. This "Phantogram" ground plane method has a number of benefits. Obstacle height, shape, and location can be instantaneously manipulated, decreasing setup time, and increasing the number of trials-per session. Because head, feet and object positions are known, the environment facilitates the computational analysis of eye-tracking data. Thus, it opens the possibility of real-time manipulations that are contingent on behavior. In summary, the apparatus facilitates rigorous hypotheses testing in a controlled and safe environment, presumably, with minimal degradation to the visual perception. We have tested this assertion in a validation study. The subject was asked to approach and step over an obstacle of three possible heights, randomized between trials. Also the obstacle was varied between a real-world and a virtual Phantogram type. There are a number of quantitative criteria introduced to compare the subject's performance while avoiding real versus virtual obstacles. Data shows that subjects treat both type of obstacles similarly, thus validating the methodology for the study of naturalistic walking behavior.


This minireview updates non-exhaustive recent strat egies of synthesis of original fluorosurfactants potentially non-biodegradable. Va rious strategies have been focused on: (i) the preparation of CF 3-X-(CH2)n-SO3Na (with X=O, C6H4O or N(CF3) and n=8-12), (ii) the oligomerization of hexafluoropropylene oxi de (HFPO) to further synthesize oligo(HFPO)-CF(CF3)CO-RH (where RH stands for an hydrophilic chain); (iii) the telomerization of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) with 1iodopentafluoroethane or 1iodononafluorobutane to produce C nF2n+1-(VDF)2-CH2CO2R (n=2 or 4, R=H or NH4), (iv) the radical telomerization of 3,3,3-trifluorop ropene (TFP) with isoperfluoropropyliodide or diethyl hydrogenophosp honate to prepare (CF 3)2CF(TFP)xRH or CF3-CH2-CH2-(TFP)y-P(O)(OH)2, and (v) the radical cotelomerization of VDF and TFP, or their controlled radical copolymerization i n the presence of (CF 3)2CFI or a fluorinated xanthate. In most cases, the surface te nsions versus the surfactant concentrations have been assessed. These above stra tegies led to various highly fluorinated (but yet not perfluorinated) telomers w hose chemical changes enabled to obtain original surfactants as novel alternatives t o perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO), or perfluorooct ylsulfonic acid (PFOS) regarded as bioaccumulable, persistent, and toxic.


Gamma-ray spectra-log measurements are used in uranium exploration to determine the uranium distribution in the bed and to identify intercalated beds containing little uranium.The measurements also determine the distributions of other radio-elements.The gamma-logging data analysis then uses subdivision interpretation.This paper describes the spectral geological pulse function and the spectral gamma-ray field forward calculation used to relate the gamma-ray spectra measured at a point along the well-axis and the radio-element distribution in the saturated ore.Subdivision interpretation and an approximate geological pulse function are used to simplify the equation.The energy window count rate equivalent content of radio-elements in a unit-layer is calculated using three-point de-convolution to get the radio element contents.A practical example shows that the results accurately reflect the real distributions of uranium and other target radio-elements.The relative error of the average concentrations in central layers in the ore is less than 6.5%.


Background

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), a member of Sapindaceae family, is a common fruit with deliciously fragrant, sweet flavors and high commercial value, besides edible arils, the pericarps and seeds of fruits and the leaves of litchi all exhibited meaningful bioactivities, while as the bibliography reported, hypoglycin A (HGA) as a toxic amino acid was naturally occurring in some members of Sapindaceae family.
Methods

In this work, an UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to quantified HGA in different parts of four litchi cultivars which at two maturity stages. Meanwhile, the methodological indicators of the established method were evaluated by selectivity, linearity, precious, accuracy, recovery and stability.
Results

The consequences expressed that the levels of HGA were highly associated with litchi cultivars and maturity stages. The positions of seeds and branches were the major source of HGA in the four litchi cultivars been detected, as for the edible arils, especially of 'Fenghua' and 'Linglan' were relative safety to be taken in.
Conclusion

This developed method can provide scientific technical support for relevant research of content determination and this founding can offer scientific data for the further research of human health that was related to litchi cultivars.


Hypokinetic non‐dilated cardiomyopathy (HNDC), which is determined by impaired left ventricular (LV) systolic function despite normal LV size, has been categorized as a subgroup of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) spectrum. Lack of data regarding advanced echocardiographic data in this population motivated us to design the present study in order to assess LV myocardial deformation properties of HNDC patients against the ones with dilated left ventricle.


The trace amount of Pb 2+ In water can be removed by using chitosan as adsorbent .The sorption property of chitosan to Pb 2+ ion was investigated. The influence of the amount of chitosan and its particle size ,the pH value in solution and sorption time on the sorption of Pb 2+ to chitosan was discussed .It is found that chitosan is a good adsorbent for Pb 2+ in water solution.More than 99.7% Pb 2+ in water solution can be removed by chitosan .The sorption optimum of chitosan consumption: 100?mg; grain diameter: 0.3~0.8?mm; pH:6~8; time: 5~8?h. Eliminated rate of Pb 2+ was more than 99.7% and remains concentration of Pb 2+ in water (≤0.6?mg/l) had reached china nation standard about waste water drainagn. Analysis for infrared and ultraviolet spectra showed that the sorption could take place between —NH 2, —OH,C—O—C in Chitosan and Pb 2+ efficiently.


Providing metalevel facilities in object-oriented languages has been studied and has resulted in the formulation of a set of design principles advocating the use of mirrorbased reflective APIs. In this paper, we explore the provision of metalevel facilities in the context of aspect-oriented programming, more precisely by considering multi-language AOP: different aspect languages are available to programmers, in addition to the base object-oriented language. After general design considerations, we discuss the concrete case of Reflex, a versatile kernel for multi-language AOP in Java.


In this paper, we demonstrate a bidirectional WDM networks with one bidirectional optical cross connect (BOXC) that has a multicasting capability and four bidirectional add drop multiplexers (BADMs). The node spacing is 80 km and 14 channels of 10 Gb/s signals were used for communications between the nodes. We demonstrated the automatic line protection and the automatic retrieval within 7 ms.


A systematic methodology for analysis and control design of multirate systems is presented. The analysis is based on properties of state-transition matrices to propagate the system dynamics at faster to slower sampling rate. The approach addresses systems with multiple sampling rates at any rational ratio as well as multirate feedbacks with dynamic compensation. The optimal control design uses techniques similar to the analysis. It is first carried out for fast controls by augmenting the system with slow controls. The resulting closed-loop system then is propagated to slower sampling rates, where the design of slow controls is performed. The design procedure is straight-forward and produces fixed gains for all multirate feedback paths.


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method and server to create an annotated search index. In method extraction of search session part from history for first search request is performed, which includes first and second resource, relevant to first search request, first resource includes some of first search request search terms, and first resource is indexed by search terms included into it in first search index, second resource does not include any of first search request search terms and has not been indexed by search terms in first search index, creation of communication parameter for second resource, wherein communication parameter is based on first history parameter, which is a number of transitions between first resource and second resource in search session from history and second history parameter, which is time spent by previous user interacting with second resource in search session from history, and in response to the fact that communication parameter for second resource exceeds predetermined threshold, binding of second resource to first resource and search terms included into it, which creates annotated search index for these search terms. EFFECT: technical result consists in increase in search results completeness. 14 cl, 4 dwg


With the annual economic loss from malaria in the United States estimated as late as 1941 at $500,000,000 and the direct cost at some $51,000,000, and with the possibility of a considerable increase confronting us as a result of the war, the incidence of this disease must be recognized as an economic problem of no mean importance. To its history Erwin Ackernecht's study of the rise and decline of malaria in Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota from 1760 to 1900 is a noteworthy contribution, not the least of its merits being a comprehensive viewpoint that makes it a piece of social and economic history rather than an isolated fragment of solely medical experience. The author's task was not an easy one. For a number of reasons, which he discusses in an opening section "On the Shortcomings of Malaria Records," nothing like adequate statistics are available, and what few do exist are of dubious value. Consequently many of the monograph's interpretations and conclusions necessarily rest on what, under more favorable conditions, would be considered insufficient evidence. Nonetheless they are provocative. Becoming highly endemic in Illinois in the 1770's and spreading to the other states a few years behind settlement, malaria—the familiar "ager" or "fever and chills" of the pioneer— remained active for periods ranging from seventy years in Illinois to twenty years in Minnesota. Then it declined, to such insignificant proportions by the i89o's that it may be said to have disappeared. This occurred before the nature of the disease was known and so before conscious antimalarial measures such as mosquito control were possible. Why then did it disappear? Apparently because of a complex of factors which seemingly justifies the statement of an earlier writer that "every book on malaria is also a book on political economy." It was not a chance happening that the decline of malaria coincided roughly with the end of the frontier; the mass movements of people that settled the West increased the volume of malaria, and with the stabilization of population it declined. The building of the railroads helped considerably too, by carrying settlement into the interior away from the watercourses. Organized drainage enterprises came too late to have had any effect, except possibly in Illinois, but individual drainage projects, carried out as a part of improved methods of cultivation, may have contributed. Increase in the number of dairy cattle was undoubtedly a factor in Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota at least, because many carrier species of mosquito prefer to feed on cattle rather than men, when cattle are accessible. Improved housing, window screening, and better education also contributed. It may surprise the layman to learn that the use of quinine could have had little direct effect on the decline of malaria, because the drug neither prevents infection nor sterilizes the carrier. By its effect on the actual attack, however, by keeping the patient fit for work, quinine may have been indirectly of basic importance. Of this, Mr. Ackernecht says: " . . . . the eradication of malaria from the Upper Mississippi Valley was to a large extent the work of indirect measures undertaken without sanitary intentions: better agricultural methods, cattle breeding, better housing, screening, more prosperity, education, etc. But it is most likely that this progress was only realized, and only realized so quickly, because of the help of quinine Quinine, the 'direct antimalarial,' paradoxically enough acted in the most indirect way: in making possible the indirect, unconscious socio-economic achievements. Without quinine the economic development of the whole region and therewith the decline of malaria would most probably have been at least considerably retarded" (p. 127). One wonders, though, whether in coming to this conclusion the author has given sufficient weight to the fact that up to the 1880's the fabulously high price of quinine kept it, in sufficient quantities to be effective, beyond the financial reach of the greater part of the population. Mr. Ackernecht has much less to say about the effects of malaria on economic and social


"AMPHIBIOUS IS THE rUB SEAL, ubiquitous and carnivorous, uniparous, gregarious, and withal polygamous. "• These characteristics, particularly the first and last, have made the fur seal perhaps the most controversial animal in the history of modern diplomacy. The most recent consideration f the sealing problem in the North Pacific involved negotiations lasting nearly two years and culminated in the signing, in February, 1957, of a quadripartite convention by Canada, Japan, the Soviet Union, and the United States. The agreement would permit the establishment of a North Pacific Fur Seal Commission and would


The flood releasing energy dissipation scheme of combining the surface holes with the flood releasing and sediment flushing bottom holes was adopted in the Dachaoshan Hydropower Station When the flood flow is in the middle and small discharge, the flood releasing and sediment flushing bottom holes, the sand flushing holes and the power generating unit will be jointly used to release flood When the flood flow is in the middle and large discharge, the surface holes, the flood releasing and sediment flushing bottom holes, the sand flushing holes and the power generating unit will be jointly used to release flood The dissipator of surface holes adopted the composite structure of flaring weir, bench dam surface and bucket basin But the flood releasing and sediment flushing bottom holes and the sand flushing holes adopted the narrow ski jump energy dissipator A lot of tests and proofs have showed that new bench dam surface has a positive significance for quickening the RCC construction progress, reducing project quantities and increasing the benefits of the project


Experimental studies of the effects of additive based on demulsifier diproksamin-157 on the performance characteristics of the fuel oil: the viscosity, pour point and the degree of dehydration at different temperatures and additive concentrations have been presented.


This is a book to stimulate research for, though its highly condensed form is clear and references to sources easy to find, yet queries spring from the page. It is the first I had heard of Francis Douce's active connection with the theatre of his time. As an antiquarian and historian he wrote of theatre in Shakespeare's day. But if he merits inclusion, why does Charles Gildon not have similar acknowledgement for his early-eighteenth century account of the theatre, nor William Chetwood for his extensive history of the stage, written in 1749? It is perhaps inevitable that a work which essays to encompass all notable theatrical figures from both sides of the Atlantic must, in one volume, omit more than it includes. In most cases from the midnineteenth century on Professor Wearing appears to be very thorough, particularly with regards to theatre on the American continent. However, some of the English entries are inaccurate. For example, the entry on Robert Cox has been abbreviated from Phyllis Hartnoll's succinct entry in the Oxford Companion to the Theatre: over-abbreviation has caused distortion. 'Cox, Robert (d. 1655) English actor, dramatist' should read 'Cox, Robert (d ?—1655) English actor, ?-dramatist', since the data of his death is uncertain, and J. J. Elson, editor of The Wits: or Sport upon Sport, has convincingly argued that Cox's reputation as a writer was posthumous and lacks evidence. This point may seem overscrupulous, yet it is detail such as this which the reader needs to rely on in a work of reference.


To portray a man in the press,one should use language description to represent his spirit and his characters.Individuation option can expresses the beauty of the man's thumbprint.


Abstract Previous investigations have revealed that in well-trained middle-distance runners, oxygen uptake (VO2) does not attain maximal values (VO2max) in exhaustive treadmill trials where the VO2 demand exceeds VO2max. To date, this shortfall in the VO2 attained has been demonstrated in trials as short as 2 min in duration. In this study, we investigated whether a reduction in exhaustive test duration influences the VO2 attained during running on a treadmill. Six middle-distance runners participated in the study, completing an exhaustive 400 m and 800 m trial. These trials, together with a progressive test to determine VO2max, were completed in a counterbalanced order. Oxygen uptakes attained during the 400 m and 800 m trials were compared to examine the influence of exhaustive test duration. A plateau in VO2 was observed in all participants for the progressive test, demonstrating the attainment of VO2max. The mean speed, duration, and resulting distance in the constant-speed exhaustive trials were 25.8 km · h−1 (s=1.2), 55.8 s (s=2.3), and 400.2 m (s=20.2) for the 400 m trial, and 24.3 km · h−1 (s=0.8), 108.4 s (s=21.2), and 730.1 m (s=129.1) for the 800 m trial, respectively. A paired-samples t-test revealed a significantly different (P=0.018)%VO2max was attained for the 400 m (85.7%, s=3.0) and 800 m (89.1%, s=5.0) trials. In conclusion, VO2 did not reach VO2max during the exhaustive constant-speed 400 m and 800 m trials, but the test duration does influence the%VO2max achieved. Specifically, the VO2 attained becomes progressively further below VO2max as trial duration is reduced, such that 89% and 86% VO2max is achieved in exhaustive 800 m and 400 m constant-speed trials, respectively.


Using a data sample of 980 fb − 1 of e þ e − annihilation data taken with the Belle detector operating at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e þ e − collider, we report the results of a study of the decays of the Ω 0 c charmed baryon into hadronic final states. We report the most precise measurements to date of the relative branching fractions of the Ω 0 c into Ω − π þ π 0 , Ω − π þ π − π þ , Ξ − K − π þ π þ , and Ξ 0 K − π þ , as well as the first measurements of the branching fractions of the Ω 0 c into Ξ − ¯ K 0 π þ , Ξ 0 ¯ K 0 , and Λ ¯ K 0 ¯ K 0 , all with respect to the Ω − π þ decay. In addition, we investigate the resonant substructure of these modes. Finally, we present a limit on the branching fraction for the decay Ω 0 c → Σ þ K − K − π þ .


The cardiosynchronous signal obtained through Radio Frequency Impedance Interrogation (RFII) is a non-invasive method for monitoring hemodynamics with potential applications in combat triage and biometric identification. The RFII signal is periodic in nature dominated by the heart beat cycle. The first step in both of these applications is to segment the signal by identifying a fiducial point in each heart beat cycle. A continuous wavelet transform was utilized to locate the fiducial points with high temporal resolution. Cepstral Analysis was used to estimate the average heart rate to focus on the appropriate portion of the time-frequency spectrum. Robust heartbeats from RFII signals collected from four subjects were segmented using this method.


The proliferation of social media platforms has presented researchers with valuable avenues to examine language usage within diverse sociolinguistic frameworks. Italy, renowned for its rich linguistic diversity, provides a distinctive context for exploring diatopic variation, encompassing regional languages, dialects, and variations of Standard Italian. This paper presents our contributions to the GeoLingIt shared task, focusing on predicting the locations of social media posts in Italy based on linguistic content. For Task A, we propose a novel approach, combining data augmentation and contrastive learning, that outperforms the baseline in region prediction. For Task B, we introduce a joint multi-task learning approach leveraging the synergies with Task A and incorporate a post-processing rectification module for improved geolocation accuracy, surpassing the baseline and achieving first place in the competition.


In recent years, with the occurrence of more and more natural disasters and emergencies, China has also been greatly affected by that without exception. Wireless communication technology is playing an important role in disaster and emergency management. In current applications, mobile communication network, as the main key technology, have been used to deal with disasters and emergencies. However, mobile communication network application will be subject to certain restrictions when ground communication facilities are severely destroyed. In response to this situation, a new solution need to be worked out and a platform for disaster and emergency management should be built. The most important technology in the solution is Location Based Service, which is based on satellite communication and wireless communication. In this paper, the components of LBS and their applications in disaster and emergency were discussed. Meanwhile, the overall framework and function modules of the disaster and emergency management system were given. There are two main communication forms in response to different circumstances: the first one mostly depends on wireless communication; the other one relies on satellite communication, satellite communication (such as communication satellites and COMPASS system) would be an alternative method when wireless network is useless. COMPASS system is compatible with positioning and simple communicating function, which can play great role when communication satellites are busy or blocked. At the same time, tasks can be allocated to mobile users and managed by disaster and emergency management center. It can also receive data of multitudinous formats transferred from mobile user. Many tests approached under the platform proved that it is a useful solution for disaster and emergency management.


In the recent period, neural networks are used in more and more applications and services across a broader and broader spectrum of industries and domains. One of the applications of neural networks is in artistic content generation, ranging from schematics and improving 3D rendering to AI-powered up-scaling of video-games through DLSS, and image and music generation. In this project, we tried various music generation methods in order to see their limitations, unrefined results, and the most popular generation of audio files.


The results of soybean cultivation with film covering were summarized and the eco microclimatical effects of soybean with film covering were studied.Meanwhile,the feasibility of cultivating soybean by means of film covering in summer was proved.Some agro meteorological bases were provided for further spreading the method of crop cultivation with film covering.


Ultra‐dense network (UDN) is one of candidate technologies for next generation cellular networks. In this paper, we explore performance limits of cooperative UDN with maximal ratio‐combining detection under limited‐capacity backhaul links. More concretely, based on the imperfect estimation, lower bounds of the average per‐user rate are derived for maximal ratio‐combining detection with and without successive interference cancellation scheme when the number of Base stations (BSs) in the network goes to infinite. Then we discuss how the average per‐user rate is impacted by the number of cooperative BSs and the backhaul capacity. Our results show that there is an optimal number of cooperative BSs in the UDN to achieve the best performance in low signal‐to‐noise‐ratio region. Simulations demonstrate that our asymptotic rate bounds are tight when the number of BSs is large. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The aim of current study was to determine in vitro digestibility, some microbiological properties and shelf life of fermented sucuk foods consisting mixture of animal and vegetable natural goods produced for dogs. Grain-inclusive and grain-free formulations were prepared. Grain-inclusive group was subgrouped as cooked and uncooked grain. In vitro digestibility and chemical composition of 3 groups of sucuk foods were determined at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months after production. Microbiological characteristics (Aerobic colony number, E.coli, coagulase positive Staphylococcus, coliform bacteria, yeast mold, Salmonella spp.), pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and lactic acid levels of sucuks stored in refrigerator(+4°C) were determined at the end of 1, 3, and 6-months of storage. In terms of nutrients, there were differences in storage times between groups and within groups(P


An experiment comparing the effects of direct listening training and speech‐organization training on listening comprehension, lecture comprehension, and lecture retention is reported.


Women have a higher prevalence of depressive disorders compared to men. The current system of care for women with depressive disorders provides significant financial barriers for patients with lower incomes to access mental health services. Primary care systems are used extensively by women and have the potential to diagnose patients at early stages of mental illness and to provide evidence-based treatments, but this potential is largely unfulfilled because of significant system-level barriers inherent in primary care. Recent effectiveness research provides an excellent framework for cost-effectively improving care of depression using stepped care principles and strategies effective for improving care of other chronic conditions. Psychologists have the potential to help implement stepped care models by providing training, consultation and ongoing quality assurance, as well as by delivering collaborative care models of acute-phase treatment and relapse prevention interventions.


High-speed optical photometers have been used for decades to characterize man-made satellites and space debris in Earth orbit. In the 1970s and 1980s, these instruments were typically based on photomultiplier tubes (PMT) and provided single-color, or in some cases simultaneous multicolor, photometric data with high time resolution. The original GEODSS PMT photometers were designed to collect photometry on deep space satellites at rates up to 1 kHz. CCDs have since displaced the use of PMTs in photometers in the astronomical community and the GEODSS system. CCDs offer higher quantum efficiency and two-dimensional imaging arrays, but at a lower speed than PMTs. The latest developments and introductions of commercially available Electron-Multiplying CCD (EMCCD) imagers is driving a renaissance in this field with several new instruments in development. Chimera is a high-speed photometer with simultaneous three-color photometry in the Sloan r' (562-695 nm), i' (695844), and z' (826-920 nm) bands. The optical design provides well-corrected fields of view of 9.7 arcmin in the z' band and 6.0 arcmin in r' and i' bands on the Steward Observatory 61" Kuiper telescope at Mt. Lemmon. The wide field of view facilitates acquisition and tracking of rapidly moving satellites and allows for a variety of photometric calibration methods. The optical design uses a wide-field collimator, two dichroic beam splitters, and three re-imagers. Chimera utilizes three Princeton Instruments Pro-EM HS cameras, which provide data at rates up to 228 Hz in full frame mode. Rates over 1000 Hz are possible by defining photometric regions of interest (ROIs). A highly-modified version of Michael Mommert's photometric pipeline (PP), originally developed for near-Earth asteroid photometry, is used for data processing. A real time graphical user interface is under development to allow real-time data quality assessment and period determination during data collections. In space surveillance, the optical signature characteristics of rapidly rotating satellites necessitate the use of highspeed multicolor photometers. Satellite photometric analysis takes advantage of reflections off flat surfaces of the satellite. The duration of these flashes are as short as a few ms. The high frame rate of Chimera will allow detailed study of the temporal profile of these reflections, which will allow assessment of the quality and characteristics of the reflective surfaces. The simultaneity of the multicolor measurements ensures that data unambiguously refer to the same surface in the same orientation. In this paper, we document the optical and opto-mechanical design of Chimera and assess the first light performance of the instrument and its cameras and characterize the operational modes of our new instrument. While the unique electron multiplication feature of EMCCDs provides high frame rates with low noise, other noise sources, which are generally negligible with traditional CCDs, must be considered including dark noise and clock induced charge (CIC). We also present the first-light results of Chimera on a sampling of SSA targets, including multicolor observations of a SL-12 rocket body we previously surveyed in the SWIR and satellites with distinctive specular signatures to demonstrate the capabilities of the instrument.


1 DOCUMENT RESUME VT 009 935 Sumter, Paul Edward Learning Experiment: Determine Effectiveness of Controlling Environmental Distractions at the Student Level. Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames. Dept. of Industrial Education. Iowa State Dept. of Public Instruction, Des Moines. 69 54p. EDRS Price MP-SO.25 HC-$2.80 Community Colleges, Doctoral Theses, *Environmental Influences, Environmental Research, Experiments, Grade 11, Grade 12, *Learning, Research, *Secondary School Students, Students, Vocational Schools The purpose of this study was to see if learning could be improved by controll ing the environment at the individual student's level. A pretest, post-test, random choice design was chosen to obtain data from over 900 subjects of technical-vocational schools, area community colleges, and high schools of Iowa, with emphasis on grades 11 and 12 and upon technical and scientific subject-matter. An apparatus consisting of a visual shield, an audio-blocking control, and an audio-control system, was developed to control the experimental subject's environment. Mental ability records of high school students were used to group subjects in three categories, while the analysis of variance single class and the t-test were used for grouping the other subjects. The findings indicated that three of the four hypotheses were accepted: (1) Visual control was not effective in increased learning, (2) Audio-visual control using commercial ear pads to block sound was not effective in increasing learning, and (3) No interaction was found between mental ability levels and the types of treatments. The original Ph.D. thesis of which this is a summary was submitted to Iowa State University of Science and Technology. (GB) LEARNING EXPERIMENT: DETERNNE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROLIIIG ENVIIONMENTAL DISTRACTIONS AT NE STUDENT LEVEL


Atractus ronnie was recently described from Serra de Baturite, a mountainous relictual forest enclave in the semiarid Caatinga, state of Ceara, northeastern Brazil. Here we report new records of A. ronnie in two other areas of relictual forests and provide additional data on pholidosic variation. The results presented herein reinforce the need for systematic inventory surveys in the relictual forests of Ceara, since the herpetofauna remains poorly known.


For many years, applications of copper fungicides have been used to control downy mildew on grapes. Nowadays, its intensive use is under consideration due to ecotoxicological aspects, especially in organic viticulture. As a result, this project made allowance for consumer perception about organic viticulture and is seeking suitable alternatives. The project includes an association of six research facilities, four organic wineries, several consultant agencies for organic viticulture as well as SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) partners, which are working together in four work packages. The aim of this work is to obtain an array of products that provide sufficient control of Plasmopara viticola with the lowest possible input of copper. As a longterm intention, copper-containing products should be totally replaced by other effective agents. Progress to-date suggests that some non-copper products and several copper-based products using less than 3 kg/(ha*a) have potential to effectively control the disease with less ecological residue.


Primary tumors of the heart are quite rare found in 0.04% of autopsies. In decreasing order of frequency, the benign tumors encountered in the heart are myxoma, lipoma, fibroelastoma, rhabdomyoma, hemangioma, and lymphangioma. Malignant tumors are still rare such as rhabdomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and malignant mesothelioma. Myxoma is the most common primary tumor of the heart comprising about 50% of all primary cardiac tumors. Majority of them occur in the age group of 30–60 years. Myxomas may be located in any cardiac chamber or the valves, but 90% of them are situated in the left atrium. We here present a case of myxoma in the 65-year-old female which is located in the right atrium.


Objective To analyze clinical features and treatment results of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of bone (PLB) and further to investigate the rational treatment. Methods Clinical data of 26 patients with PLB were analyzed. Twenty-three (88.5 %) patients received radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy, three received chemotherapy alone, and three patients also received surgical resection. Results The pathological types of lymphoma in the patients were diffused large B-cell iymphoma (DLBCL) in 15 patients (57.7 %), small B-cell lymphoma in 1 patient(3.8 %), B-cell lymphoma with unclassified subtypes in 4 patients (15.5 %), T-cell lymphoma in 5 patients (19.3 %,among which anaplastic large cell lymphoma in 3 patients), and unclassified lymphoma in one patient (3.8 %). Of the 26 cases of PLB, 15 were at stage Ⅰ, 3 at stage Ⅱ, 3 at stage Ⅲ and 5 at stage Ⅵ. The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 59.16 % and 31.37 %respectively. In the eleven patients who died of lymphoma, three had Iocol-regional relapse, and nine had systemically involved lymphoma. The radiation-induced bone fracture had not been observed after local radiotherapy with median dose of 50 Gy. Conclusion Pelvis maybe a common primary site of PLB, and DLBCL type are the most observed histological subtype. The optimal treatment for PLB is radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. Local regional radiotherapy with median dose of 50 Gy can be safe and feasible.

Key words:
Bones;  Lymphoma, non-Hodgkin;  Radiotherapy, computer-assisted;  Antineoplastic combined chemotherapy protocols


Background: electromagnetic waves could cause oxidative stress and generate ROS that lead to free radical production and lipid peroxidation which damage liver tissue. Apocynin (APO) exerts its antioxidant effect by reducing ROS production via inhibition of NADPH oxidase. The present study intended to demonstrate effects of microwaves exposure on hepatic pro-oxidant/antioxidant systems and to investigate protective effects of APO against microwaves induced hepatotoxicity. Aim of the work: The aim of the present work is to evaluate the effect of Apocynin on liver toxicity induced by exposure to microwaves in rats of local strain. Subjects and Methods: Thirty local strain rats were randomly assigned into three equal groups: a) control group; b) microwave exposed group (frequency of 2.45 GHz for 15 minutes once daily for a period of 16 days); c) apocynin treated prior to microwave exposure group (apocynin 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally injected 1 hour before microwave exposure and continued during the other 16 days). Liver tissue was biochemically assessed in all groups biochemically through the determination of tissue MDA, MPO, GPx and iron in liver tissue. Also, serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) levels were estimated in all groups.
Results: The microwave exposed group showed that there was a  significant increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α, as well as significant increase in the level of MPO, MDA and iron in the liver tissue. However, there was a significant decrease in the GPx and zinc level in the liver tissue. These results Were estimated and calculated in comparison with those of control group. Moreover, Apocynin treated group showed a   significant decrease in serum  ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α , in addition to a significant decrease in the level of MPO, MDA and iron, along with a significant increase in the GPx level in the liver tissue, as compared with microwave exposed group.
Conclusion: It is possible to conclude considering the abovementioned results that apocynin has a significantly protective effect against hepatotoxicity induced by microwaves exposure.


Expression and purification of recombinant proteins are fundamental techniques in molecular biology. Many different cell systems ranging from bacteria to mammalian cell lines are commonly used. One of the most widely used systems is the baculovirus expression system. An alternative for large-scale production of eukaryotic proteins are stably transfected Schneider Drosophila line 2 cells (Catalog No. CRL-1963; ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA), abbreviated SL2 or S2, derived from Drosophila melanogaster embryos (13). The generation of stable transfectants of insect cells (2) is fast, and it circumvents amplification, titration and storage of virus stocks. In addition, tightly regulated promoters, such as the metallothionein (MET) promoter (4), are available to control production of the recombinant protein. Surveillance and purification of an expressed protein can be simplified by epitope-tagging. Widely used epitopes are the hemagglutinin (HA) (14) and the FLAG epitopes (Scientific Imaging Systems [Eastman Kodak], New Haven, CT, USA) (10), which consist of nine (YPYDVPDYA) and eight (DYKDDDDK) amino acid peptides, respectively. Both epitopes can easily be detected by commercially available antibodies. The FLAG epitope also contains the recognition sequence for the protease enterokinase and thus, if necessary, can be removed. Here, we describe transfer vectors designed for the regulated expression of dual epitope-tagged proteins in SL2 cells. The recombinant proteins contain both the HA and the FLAG epitope at their N terminus. Thus, either antibodies to HA and/or FLAG can be used for detection and purification. The presence of two epitopes could be of particular advantage if antibodies to one of the epitopes cross-react with cellular proteins. In addition, SL2 cell lines were established that express the epitope-tagged transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, a mutant of Sp3 and HNF3α. To generate the HA/FLAG expression vectors, a pair of phosphorylated complementary oligonucleotides, 5′AATTGGATCCTGAACCACCATGGGATACCCTTATGATGTTCCTGATTATGCCTCCGACTACAAAGACGATGACGATAAAAG-3′ and 5′-AATTCTTTTATCGTCATCGTCTTTGTAGTCGGAGGCATAATCAGGAACATCATAAGGGTATCCCATGGTGGTTCAGGATCC-3′, was synthesized, annealed and cloned into the EcoRI site of the plasmid pRmHa-3, which is a derivative of the plasmid pRmHa-1 (4). The plasmid pRmHa-3 contains the copper-inducible MET promoter, a multiple cloning site (MCS) and the polyadenylation signal of the Drosophila melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene. pRmHa-3 is identical to pRmHa-1 with the exception that it contains three additional single cloning sites. The 5′ end of the annealed double-stranded oligonucleotide was designed such that the EcoRI site was destroyed after cloning (GAATTG), whereas the 3′ EcoRI site remained intact (GAATTC). Plasmids containing the correct insert orientation were identified by restriction analyses and sequencing. The resulting plasmid (pMET-HA/FLAG) contains, downstream of the MET promoter, a consensus Kozak sequence (12) flanking the AUG start codon and the codons for the HA and FLAG epitopes followed by a MCS (Figure 1A). To test the vector, four open reading frames encoding the transcription factors Sp1 (11), Sp3 (8), a mutant of Sp3 (Sp3SD) (6) lacking the inhibitory domain and HNF3α (5) were subcloned into the MCS of pMET-HA/FLAG (Figure 1B). The resulting plasmids pMET-HA/FLAG-Sp1, pMET-HA/ FLAG-Sp3, pMET-HA/FLAG-Sp3SD and pMET-HA/FLAG-HNF3α were analyzed in transient transfection experiments using appropriate reporter constructs (3,9). These experiments show that the epitopes do not interfere with the activation properties of the transcription factors (data not shown). To generate stable transfectants of SL2 cells, the recombinant transfer vectors were transfected into SL2 cells along with the plasmid pLTR-Hygro (2) at a 19:1 molar ratio using the calcium-phosphate method (7). The plasmid pLTR-Hygro contains the hygromycinBenchmarks


It expounded the research advancement of LLDPE blown film in recent years.The mechanical properties,blowing technology and production efficiency of blown film from linear low resin which blended by different types of LLDPE,were greatly improved,and It also introduced the key points of technology.


In a Musical Times review of a 1923 performance of Vaughan Williams's Mass in G minor in Birmingham, H. C. Colles made the comment that "there hasn't been so many parallel fifths since Hucbald." This is just one blatant medievalist moment in a review that firmly places the Mass within a tangled web of historical images and associations. Colles's description of the Mass evokes historicism by utilizing imagery related to the medieval cathedral and drawing on the well-rehearsed sixteenth-century/Tudor tropes prevalent during these years. More interestingly, Colles also identifies an inherent anti–nineteenth century, antiromantic sentiment underpinning the Mass, underlining his view that this work was something both very new and very old and not a throwback to a Victorian neo-Gothicism. Using Vaughan Williams's Mass and its reception as a case study, this chapter explores the new musical medievalism current during the first decades of the twentieth century to outline changing attitudes toward the music of the past. This chapter argues that the cosmopolitan nature of Victorian medievalism was transformed into an aesthetic that worked both with nationalist agendas and with modernist ideologies in a manner that ultimately created a connection between "old" and "new" music and disenfranchised romantic, nineteenth-century forbears.


Digital Case Library (DCL) is a relational database of neuroradiology cases. DCL is a resource for three educational modules: the Case-Based Differential Diagnosis, Teaching Files, and Quiz. The Case-Based Differential Diagnosis module can be searched through the controlled vocabulary of radiologic findings to find images that match feature description. Using the Teaching File module, the user can browse preselected images that are grouped according to pathology, anatomy, and modality. The Quiz module is a self-assessment program that provides the user with randomly selected images with hidden captions.


In September 2010,House of Representatives of United States passed Currency Reform for Fair Trade Act which is characterized as imposing currency exchange-rate policy into international trade by stipulating that "fundamentally undervalued currency"consititutes "export subsidies".The Act,however,violates international law in three aspects.First,its characterized measure is inconsistent with IMF Agreement and WTO Agreement on jurisdiction matters;second,United States has no right to unilaterally determine exchange rate undervaluation of other countries;third,according to standards provided by SCM Agreement,fundamentally undervalued currency does not contain features of export subsidies.For China,it is advised to insist exchange rate is of national sovereignty,explore ways to alleviate exchange-rate pressure from the United States,and resort to WTO dispute settlement body when necessary.


Information is given on the production of a new kind of fuel granules from thermally prepared fine sizes of Moscow Basin brown coals and their blends with hard coals of the Kuznetsk Basin. When burning the granulated fuel with a granule size from 3 to 25 mm in a standard domestic stove, the degree of combustion of the organic matter of the coal was 99%, the efficiency of the stove in cooking duty was 70%. The granules burn up with practically no evolution of smoke and soot, preserve their initial spherical shape by 95-96%, and evolve no dust when discharged from the stove.


Much is written in the literature and press about women having to break through the glass ceiling, but is there indeed any truth in this theory? For some women, working their way up the promotion ladder can be a challenge, but is it really as difficult as it is perceived? It would be naive to think that all women are as ambitious as to want to break through the glass ceiling, and indeed in certain categories of employment such as advertising and marketing, they do appear to have made their mark, but science, engineering and technology, do not seem to attract females in the same numbers. We would argue that this lack of advancement is not necessarily due to a lack of opportunity. This paper addresses the role of women in science, engineering, and technology, assessing the support mechanisms offered to them to succeed in their chosen occupations. The investigation identifies factors that have led to women achieving senior levels in higher education, business, and government in the UK, thus making it through the glass ceiling. The methodology undertaken in this study includes, desk-based research, analysis of surveys, observations from literature search and surveys, and interviews/case studies of a number of prominent and internationally successful women; and final conclusions. All comprise the three components of the Triple Helix - influence of government through legislation, uptake in academia, and attendant support mechanisms, and impact in industry.


SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE-DECORATED SILVER VANADATE. The continued need for improved technological devices makes the development of advanced nanostructured materials urgently. Hydroxyapatite [HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] is a biocompatible material well known for its optical properties that makes HA nanoparticles ideal for bioimaging procedures and for light emitting diodes (LEDs). On the other hand, silver vanadate [AV, AgVO3] has interesting bactericidal, photocatalytic and optical properties. The association of HA and AV may result in a superior material with combined properties, or even enhanced by synergistic effects. The objective of this study was the preparation of silver vanadate powders in the alpha phase decorated with hydroxyapatite (AV:HA) with different molar ratios by the chemical precipitation method in aqueous solution. The AV:HA samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and RAMAN spectroscopies. They were also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning electron microscopy transmission (TEM). Structural characterization by XRD confirmed the presence of single HA and AV phases in all samples. All typical modes of both materials were observed by vibrational spectroscopies. It was possible to observe the formation of materials composed of AV microrods and HA nanorods, through the morphological analyzes from the microscopic techniques. The UV-Vis absorption measurements provided the Egap values of the decorated samples that were assimilated to that of the pure vanadate. The photoluminescence (FL) properties at room temperature were evaluated by the study of their emission spectra. Broad band emissions were obtained within the region of visible light in the electromagnetic spectrum (regions corresponding to blue and red color) obtaining even white light emission, according to the different AV: HA molar ratios. These results demonstrate the possibility of adjustable emission colors in the AV: HA system, making it interesting for future applications in optical devices with different FL emissions.


The electronic structure of Si-doped InyGa1−yAs1−xNx films on GaAs substrates, grown by nitrogen-plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy, was examined by photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy at temperatures between 20 and 300K. The films were approximately 0.5μm thick and had nitrogen mole fraction between x=0.0014 and x=0.012, measured indirectly by a secondary-ion-mass spectrometry calibration; indium mole fraction between y=0.052 and y=0.075, measured by electron-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy; and carrier concentration between 2×1016 and 1.1×1018cm−3, measured by Hall effect. Three critical-point transitions were identified by PR: the fundamental band gap (highest valence band to the lowest conduction band); the spin-orbit split valence band to the lowest conduction band; and the highest valence band to a nitrogen impurity band (above the lowest conduction band). The measured critical-point energies were described by a band anticrossing (BAC) model with the addition of a Burstein-Moss band-filling term. T...