Multidrug-resistant Salmonella has become a public health and economic problem worldwide. Antibiotic resistance in bacteria can be caused by gene mutation, overexpression of efflux pumps, and mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and integrons that carry genes encoding enzyme(s) that inactivates or modifies antibiotics. This review focuses on research progress related to elucidating mechanism of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella.


Using a cross correlation method, we find that there may exist gamma-ray bursts whose soft emission has a time delay relative to the high-energy emission. Autocorrelation was used to determine the duration of substructures in different energy bands of selected bursts,in order to examine the correlation between time def ay and broadening of soft emission. The results indicate a positive correlation with correlation coefficient 0.75 between the two parameters, this suggests that scattering could partly be the mechanism of time delay and broadening. The hardness ratios of the bursts with time delays are concentrated in a relatively narrow range.


This is not modern medicine. Standard eyedroppers also end up delivering a dose four or five times larger than the tear film of the eye can retain, meaning that more drug than necessary is being dosed compared with what is actually required to treat a given condition. The majority of the delivered formulation is often washed out of the eye or even misses they eye entirely because of poor delivery technique. This overdosing can also cause systemic adverse events if the drug enters the systemic circulation in high enough quantities. For example, the beta blocker timolol, used in the treatment of glaucoma, has been documented to have potential cardiac or pulmonary complications in high risk populations if it reaches high enough systemic concentrations after conventional topical administration. And any excess drug product remaining in the eye may lead to local adverse events. For example, prostaglandins can cause conjunctival hyperaemia, increased pigmentation of the iris, or abnormal eyelash growth. Dosing five times more than the therapeutic dose is also wasteful of drug product. In mass markets, with the wastage multiplied across millions of doses per year, the cumulative cost on the healthcare system can grow very quickly, even for lower-cost APIs. Clearly, a system that could administer much less active ingredient and only what is needed both more accurately and comfortably would be highly desirable from both a clinical and an industrial point of view. Patients have demonstrable difficulty properly using traditional eyedroppers. These difficulties lead to deficiencies in both compliance, whereby patients administer In this article, Peter Noymer, PhD, Chief Executive Officer, Ehud Ivri, Chief Technology Officer and Co-founder, Reynaldo Quintana, Vice-President of Engineering, and Mark Blumenkranz, MD, Executive Chairman and Co-founder, introduce AcuStream, a novel device for next-generation delivery of topical ophthalmic delivery via an aim-assisted stream.


80 patients (mean age 47.8 yrs) in an alcoholic rehabilitation program were tested for field dependence with the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) and for logical reasoning with 2 Piagetian tasks: the pendulum and plant problems. 31 Ss completed all 10 wks of outpatient aftercare. Of those who dropped out, 67% were field dependent (EFT score greater than the sample median of 135 sec), and 76% were either preoperational or concrete operational, as defined by their scores on the 2 logic tests. The number of aftercare sessions attended correlated -.50, .49, and .59 with scores on the EFT, the pendulum problem, and the plant problem, respectively (all p  < .001). The best predictor, the plant problem, accounted for 36% of the variance in the dropout rate. Results suggest that cognitive factors play a more important role in alcoholics' response to treatment than has been recognized. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)


:The crystalline layered and amorphous samples of Zr(HPO4)[O3PCH2N(CH2CO2H)2]· nH2O(n=1,2)(c-or a-ZPPMIDA) and Zr(HPO4)[O3PCH2N(CH2CH2)2O]· nH2O)(n=1,2) (c- or a-ZPMMPA) were prepared with zirconium oxychloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and H2O3PCH2N(CH2CH2)2O(MMPA) or H2O3PCH2N(CH2CO2H)2(PMIDA) in the presence or absence of hydrofluoric acid for the first time.The samples were comparatively characterized by XRD,IR, TG-DTA and elemental analysis. The interlayer spacings of c-ZPPMIDA and c-ZPMMPA were also measured and calculated. XRD results showed that interlayer spacings of c- ZPMMPA and c-ZPPMIDA were 16.055? and 15.384? respectively. The similar structure Zr[(O3PCH2)2NCH2 CO2H]· H2O(ZGDMP) were used to analytically compare with c-ZPMMPA and c-ZPPMIDA. The influences of distribution and rigidity of organic groups on the interlayer spacing were discussed.


Steatocystoma multiplex (SM) is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit characterized by multiple sebum‐containing dermal cysts. Psychological distress of patients is always derived from these undesirable lesions. Although various treatments have been attempted to improve cosmetic outcomes, no optimal treatment strategy has been established to date..


Verticillium wilt is one of the most devastating soilborne diseases in lettuce and the use of host resistance is the most optimal choice for its management. This study focused on identifying and mapping the genetic loci for resistance against Verticillium dahliae race 3 in a mapping population of 200 F2:3 families developed from a cross between moderately resistant red-leaf lettuce 'Sentry' and susceptible green leaf lettuce 'La Brillante'. The population was genotyped using the tunable Genotyping by Sequencing (tGBS) approach. An ultra-high-density genetic linkage map containing 34,838 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers grouped into 1,734 bins was constructed using F2 progeny and a sliding window approach. Three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to V. dahliae race 3 were located on linkage groups (LGs) LG 2 (qVR3-2.1), and LG 4 (qVR3-4.1 and qVR3-4.2). Each of these QTLs explained up to ~10% of the total phenotypic variation for the trait. At each locus, the resistance alleles were derived from cultivar 'Sentry' that is partially resistant to the pathogen. Additional resistance loci to the disease are expected in this population, and transgressive segregation indicates that some of those loci could originate from the susceptible cultivar 'La Brillante'. Candidate genes linked to some of the QTLs for V. dahliae race 3 resistance, plant development, and leaf color were identified. The QTLs for resistance identified in Sentry may diversify the resistance gene pool and provide an alternative tool to manage a newly emerged V. dahliae race 3.


Two types of distress calls were recorded from three male Hemidactylus brookiii parvimaculatus . One type consisted of clicks and one of a single squeak. Twelve calls were analysed. Distress calls comprising a squeak had an average length of 0.070 sec while those comprising clicks averaged 0.329 sec. The difference in length of the two types of calls was significant (P Key words: Hemidactylus brookii parvimaculatus , bioacoustics, distress call, Sri Lanka. DOI: 10.4038/tapro.v1i1.2773 TAPROBANICA, April, 2009. Vol. 01, No. 01: pp. 19-23


In this research we address the statistical inference of measuring agreement between two raters who employ measurements on a continuous scale. The purpose of this study is to propose a new test statistic based on the notion of Fisher's combination of p-values in testing agreement under a bivariate normal distribution for small and large sample sizes. Further, the power of our proposed test statistic is computed via simulation. All test procedures in this research are also illustrated using an application to a real data set of a large sample size. The result of this study shows that making inference in testing agreement is feasible under a bivariate normal set-up for all sample sizes by using our proposed test statistic.


A phosphorylation system for formation of ATP from AMPby Zymolyase-treated cells of Candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201 was developed as an ATP production process. This system was shown to be an energy conversion system, from a reduced Cx-compoundto ATP through reduction of NAD+and oxidative phosphorylation but not substrate level phosphorylation, together with phosphorylation of AMPto ADP. Reaction conditions for the ATP production were optimized in respect of substrate and coenzymeconcentrations, pHand temperature, osmotic pressure, and oxygen supply. Under the optimal conditions, 26mM(13 g/liter) and 8.5 dim (4g/liter) of ATP were produced with methanol and formate as Q-substrate, respectively.


The study focuses on the information from heterogeneous data sources in online vehicle insurance record linkage. It resolves several types of heterogeneity problems that arise, when the same real-world entity type is represented using different identifiers in multiple data sources. Statistical vehicle insurance data record linkage techniques are used to resolve the problem. These techniques are used in vehicle insurance online record linkage, which creates good communication bottleneck in the distributed platform. It was projected by the Identical Tree and Decision Tree. And, to reduce the communication barriers, it is significantly pointed while matching with the decisions that are guaranteed to be same as those obtained victimizations with the standard linkage technique. The sequential record linkages along with matching tree using tree-based linkage techniques are used to improvised the accuracy of record linkage technique and reduce the communication overhead in Vehicle insurance Database.


▸ Blokzijl F, de Ligt J, Jager M, et al. Tissue-specific mutation accumulation in human adult stem cells during life. Nature 2016;538:260–4. In cancer, stem cells are thought to be the primary target for genetic defects due to the fact that they live far longer than any differentiated cells; however, no accurate estimation of the mutation rate in human tissue stem cells (particularly colon, small intestine and liver) has been established. Here, the authors have generated 45 organoid cultures, from 19 donors ranging in age from 3 to 87 years, from stem cells extracted from colon, small intestine and liver specimens. There is a much higher rate of cancer incidence in the human colon compared with small intestine and liver and the authors test whether this is reflected in the mutation burden and pattern in the organoids. They performed whole genome sequencing and calculated the mutation rate by using the distribution of patient ages. While in each tissue there was a measurable increase in mutations per genome/time in colon, small intestine and liver, surprisingly, the mutation rate was the same in all tissues despite drastically different cancer susceptibilities. The mutation spectra were identical between small intestine and colonic organoids (with a high incidence of C>T mutations) but in the liver organoids there was a relatively even distribution of all mutation types. Using a methodology that puts each mutation in the context of the surrounding sequence (non-negative matrix factorisation), the authors produced mutational signatures. The colon and small intestinal organoids display a signature associated with spontaneous deamination or methylated cytosine residues that reflect the high turnover of cells. This was not observed in the liver where turnover of hepatocytes is low. Interestingly, the mutation spectra in driver genes such as APC and TP53 reflected the spectra in the genome as a whole in both colon and small intestine stem cells, which confounds the observation that cancer risk is much higher in the colon than in the small intestine. Overall, this is an important study that demonstrates that while mutations are acquired at a similar rate between tissues, the signatures are tissue-specific suggesting that cancer evolves from other mutational mechanisms rather than a steady increase in mutation burden.


The Sensory Laboratory of Postharvest Department (Budapest University of
Economic Sciences and Public Administration, BUESPA) has a specially
designed sensory booth system which was established in accordance with the
relevant ISO standards \cite2. The researchers of the Sensory Laboratory
(BUESPA) and of the Department of Chemical Information Technology (Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, BUTE) developed a profile analysis
supporting software, the ProfiSens.
The main functions of ProfiSens are the following: it creates kitchen
lists for the sample preparation and score sheets for the assessors,
collects data from the completed score sheets, performs statistical data
evaluation and draws diagrams of the results. The language of the software is
Visual Basic for Excel.
The first version of ProfiSens has been used in the 2002/2003 academic
year in research, education and industrial food tests as well. In our paper
we discuss the results of each mentioned field and introduce the latest
developments on the software.


Purpose
Despite the efforts to improve the usage of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) among pregnant women in endemic malaria countries like Ghana, its usage still remains low. Therefore, this study aims to assess the intention to use ITNs and actual usage behaviour among pregnant women in Ghana using the integrated model of behaviour prediction (IMBP) and explore factors preventing its usage.

Design/methodology/approach
A structured questionnaire was administered to 310 respondents using a convenience sampling technique, and the data were analysed using multiple regression. Exploratory data collected through an interview guide was analysed using Kvale and Brinkman's (2015) five-step approach.

Findings
The findings indicate a significantly positive association between intention to use ITN and actual usage of ITN among pregnant women in Ghana. Attitude and normative beliefs were the most significant predictors of intention to use ITNs among pregnant women. The result further shows that despite the generally positive perception of the effectiveness of the ITN in malaria prevention and positive intention to use it, its actual usage remains low because of discomfort (primarily associated with heat, irritation, heat rashes, suffocation and vomiting, size and design, reactions to ITN's chemicals and misconceptions about ITNs causing cancer. In this study, the implications are discussed.

Originality/value
This study applied the IMBP to ITNs usage intention among pregnant women in a developing market context and found the model to predict ITN usage intention effectively.


Green and efficient catalysts for the production of biodiesel are highly important. In this study, a Pickering magnetic interface biocatalyst (Fe3O4@PS-NH-lipase) was prepared, which can effectively stabilize the soybean oil-in-methanol emulsion and achieve static transesterification. When the appropriate methanol/soybean oil molar ratio and catalyst loading were chosen, the Pickering interface biocatalyst exhibited outstanding enzymatic activity, reaching a conversion rate of 89.3% after 30 h. Pickering interfacial catalysis (PIC, immobilizing catalytic centers on a carrier and combining it with a Pickering emulsion) shows more significant specific activity, leading to a 1.2-fold improvement in catalytic performance as compared to Pickering assisted catalysis (PAC, relying on the use of nanoparticles for stabilizing Pickering emulsions together with a homogeneous catalyst). Moreover, the recycled catalyst still possesses significant catalytic activity after 5 cycles. This article provides a green and efficient strategy for the effective recovery of biologically active substances and the enhancement of biphasic reactions.


The Forwarding Information Base (FIB) resides in the data plane of a routing device and is used to forward packets to a next-hop, based on packets' destination IP addresses. The constant growth of a FIB forces network operators to spend more resources on maintaining memory with line-rate Longest Prefix Match (LPM) lookup in a FIB, namely, expensive and energy-hungry Ternary Content-Addressable Memory (TCAM) chips. In this work, we review two different approaches used to mitigate the FIB overflow problem. First, we investigate FIB aggregation, i.e., merging adjacent or overlapping routes with the same next-hop while preserving the forwarding behavior of a FIB. We propose a near-optimal algorithm, FIB Aggregation with Quick Selections (FAQS), that minimizes the FIB churn and speeds BGP update processing by more than twice. In the meantime, FAQS preserves a high compression ratio (at most 73%). FAQS handles BGP updates incrementally, without the need of re-aggregating the entire FIB table. Second, we investigate FIB (or route) caching, when TCAM holds only a portion of a FIB that carries most of the traffic. We leverage the emerging concept of the programmable data plane to propose a Programmable FIB Caching Architecture (PFCA), that allows cache-victim selection at the line rate and significantly reduces the FIB churn compared to FIB aggregation. PFCA achieves 99.8% cache-hit ratio with only 3.3% of the FIB placed in a FIB cache. Finally, we extend PFCA's design with a novel approach of integrating incremental FIB aggregation and FIB caching. Such integration needed to overcome cache hiding challenge when a less specific prefix in a cache hides a more specific prefix in a secondary FIB table, which leads to incorrect LPM matching at the cache. In Combined FIB Caching and Aggregation (CFCA), cache-hit ratio is maximized up to 99.94% with only 2.5% entries of the FIB, while the total number of route changes in TCAM is reduced by more than 40% compared to low-churn FIB aggregation techniques.


In this article, the co-existence of TDMA and W-CDMA spectrum sharing system (TDMA/W-CDMA overlaid system) with cellular architecture is discussed. In this system, both systems share the same frequency band to improve the spectrum efficiency. The overall rate and spectrum efficiency of the system are calculated for the forward link (down-link) in the presence of the AWGN channel. Taking into account the path loss and shadow fading loss in this system with cellular architecture, W-CDMA applying interference cancellation (IC) shows a substantial difference in spectrum efficiency, the overlaid system can provide a greater overall rate and higher spectrum efficiency than a single multiple access-based system such as the TDMA system or W-CDMA system.


The paper is about sustainable public procurement as a new global trend in the development of a sustainable economy. The main question raised is the following: how could sustainable public procurement be implemented in Russia? We aim to answer the question by presenting the findings of survey, covering public procurement practices of 51 contracting authorities and documentation analysis of 400 public tenders, and investigating Russian legislation. The conducted survey aims to identify the aspects of sustainable public procurement already used by public authorities in procuring practices in Russia. The analysis of Russian legislation allows to define in which sections of procurement documentation different aspects of sustainability could be included. This paper provides a unique survey of sustainable procurement practices across the Russian public sector. Research also shows the prerequisites of implementation of sustainable public procurement in Russia.


A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research farm, College of Agriculture, N.D. University of Agriculture and technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad, U.P. during kharif season of 2016 to find out the best crop establishment technique and the optimum nitrogen dose for rice. During the experiment, common packages of practices were followed time to time and periodically are observations were recorded on growth and yield for evaluate the treatment effects. The results obtained during the study revealed that grain yield of the different establishment techniques were in the order, SRI (52.14 q ha) being at par to transplanting (45.43 q ha) while lowest yield obtained under direct seeding method (36.82 q ha). The highest plant height (86.14 cm), number of effective tillers (464.40 m), leaf area index (4.19), dry matter accumulation (1027.5 g), days taken to 50 % flowering (81.20) and maturity (135.51) and B:C ratio (M2N4 1:2.10) were recorded in SRI technique except initial plant population which was under direct seeding. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that in areas where labour is available and cheap, SRI technique is a better establishment method of rice because it produces more yield and gross monetary economic return than other methods.


Southwark Council has announced it is set to start its kitchen and bathroom replacement programme a year ahead of schedule.


In the past few decades, advances in wireless technologies have increased the requirement for high data throughput. Newer demand for high quality visual graphic and multimedia contents such as high definition video and high throughput wireless data transfer requires wireless communication to support Gigabit plus data rates. The world wide license-free 5–7GHz spectral band in 60GHz provides great potentials to enable multi-Gigabit data transfer and has been drawing strong commercial interests [1–3]. High gain adaptive beam steering phased array antenna is a key component of a low cost mm-wave CMOS RFIC solution for commercial adaptation. In this paper, a high efficient mm-wave microstrip antenna design with various antenna array architectures is presented. Simulations indicated that a peak gain of 9.1dBi and 12% bandwidth can be achieved with a single mm-wave microstrip patch antenna. Various antenna array architectures are designed and studied to quantify the impact of the antenna array architecture and performance on the mm-wave network performance.


In the electrolytic capacitorless inverter system, resonance occurs between the inductance on the grid side and the DC-link capacitor. Because of this resonance, the regulation of the input current harmonic may not be satisfied in some cases. In order to satisfy harmonic regulation, a method for controlling this input current by direct DC-link current control has been proposed using PWM modulation. In PWM modulation, the switching frequency depends on the carrier frequency. This paper proposes a control method that reduces the switching frequency and satisfies the harmonic regulation via model predictive direct current control (MPDCC). This paper is confirmed that the proposed method reduces harmonics of input current and switching frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulation.


Abstract Ni-20Cr coatings were obtained on the boiler tube steels through a plasma spray process. Ni-Cr-Al-Y was used as a bond coat before the application of Ni-Cr coatings. The coating was charac...


The current research deals with formulation and evaluation of hydrogel beads of Dalfampridine by using Synthetic polymers. These hydrogel beads were prepared with the objective to enhance bioavailability and to produce sustained release of dalfampridine. More over the Hydrogel beads of Dalfampridine are prepared by ionotropic gelation method. In the present work, a total of nine formulations were formulated, using synthetic polymers like sodium CMC, HPMC K4M, Carbopol along with sodium alginate as a gelling agent. The formulated Dalfampridine Hydrogel beads were then assessed for various parameters viz., FTIR, SEM, particle size, size distribution, % yield, drug content, entrapment efficiency, in vitro dissolution, release kinetics. The invitro dissolution data for best formulation F9 were fitted in different kinetic models i.e, zero order, first order, Higuchi and korsemeyer-peppas equation. Optimized formulation F9 shows R 2 value 0.974. As its value nearer to the '1' it is conformed as it follows the zero order release. The mechanism of drug release is further confirmed by the korsmeyer and peppas plot. The 'n' value is 1.020 for the optimised formulation(F9) i.e., n value was >0.89 this indicates Super case transport. From the drug release kinetics of the Dalfampridine hydrogel beads it was concluded that the formulation F9 follows Zero order release with super case transport mechanism.


INTRODUCTION: myiasis is an infection of human tissues with dipterous fly larvae. It is commonly located in human skin, however, it is described in natural orifices. This condition is treated by mechanical extraction of larvae associated with damaged tissue ressection. OBJECTIVE: case report of a patient with myiasis infection of rectal prolapse, emphasizing its incidence, symptoms and treatment options. CASE REPORT: L.C.S., a 36-year-old male, with rectal prolapse complaints for one year, with bad sanitary conditions. Proctological examination revealed rectal prolapsed with necrosis areas affected by myiasis. Larvae remotion was realized with necrotic tissue resection. A loop-sigmoid colostomy was performed due to extensive perineal wound and internal sphincter damage. CONCLUSIONS: rectal prolapse with myiasis infection is rare, and must have prompt diagnosis and treatment. A simple perineal examination is essential. We emphasize continous health education and basic hygiene measures for the population.


As an important component of the Earth system, precipitation plays a vital role in regional and global water cycles. Based on Microwave Humidity and Temperature Sounder (MWHTS) onboard FY-3D satellite, four machine learning models, random forest regression (RFR), support vector machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT), are implemented to retrieve precipitation rate, and verified with Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG). This paper determines the optimal hyperparameters of the machine models and proposes three linear combinations of MWHTS channels (183.31 ± 1.0–183.31 ± 3.0 GHz, 183.31 ± 1.0–183.31 ± 7.0 GHz, and 183.31 ± 3.0–183.31 ± 7.0 GHz), which can better characterize precipitation of different intensities. With the inclusion of three linear combinations, the performances of all four machine learning models are significantly improved. It is concluded that the RFR and GBRT have the best retrieval accuracy. Over ocean, the MSE, MAE, and R2 values of precipitation estimates using RFR are 1.75 mm/h, 0.44 mm/h, and 0.80, respectively, and are 1.80 mm/h, 0.45 mm/h, and 0.78 for GBRT. Simultaneously, this paper analyzes the retrieval results from the perspective of the different rain rates and temporal matching difference between MWHTS and IMERG data. The RFR and GBRT also maintain the best retrieval accuracy under the condition of Gaussian noise, indicating the relatively strong robustness and antinoise performance of ensemble learning models for precipitation retrieval.


: In this research attention has been directed towards the concept of health services quality provided for the patient, which represents a strategic standard in the way the health institutions deal with the quality management of all specialization, we use statistical method de pen on factor analysis to approach to main factors which the concept of health services quality provided for the patient.


Does exposure to historical information cause systemic policy thinking? Despite the importance of this question across multiple research traditions, there is a dearth of empirical research assessing it. We evaluate this question by studying the case of how arguments about the historical and structural roots of racial inequality affect beliefs about racial inequality. Analyzing data from a novel survey experiment fielded on two national, census-balanced samples of American adults, we find compelling evidence that such arguments can increase beliefs in the existence of Black-white racial inequality and increase beliefs in structural causes of racial inequality, particularly among white Republicans and Independents. In addition, we find evidence that historical information can reduce racial resentment among these groups. Overall, our study provides evidence that exposure to historical information can induce greater systemic and historical thinking about contemporary racial inequalities in the United States.


The pandemic is one of those contemporary world challenges that today poses a global deadly threat to all mankind. Addressing the pandemic and ensuring human health through the lens of legal environmental safety seems to be timely. Adverse sanitary and epidemiological conditions, among other reasons, may arise out of the lack of a well-founded legal framework supporting the realization of the constitutional right of citizens to a favourable environment. The purpose of this article is to show the role of environmental security in preventing the sanitary and epidemiological crisis and ensuring public health. The article tried to analyse how environmental norms, rules of food and household hygiene were justified in the oldest monument of the Tajik people - Avesta, how the Zoroastrian religion explained the need to ensure sanitary and epidemiological safety of society and human health. Currently legal regulation of environmental protection and safeguarding public health attaches particular importance to such categories as health , life and safety . The last concept is increasingly filled with medical content worldwide. This is due to the fact that the category security is generally universal, and its application in legislation, obviously, implies certain reasons and consequences. The article briefly analyses the legal policy of the Republic of Tajikistan in the field of environmental legislation and public health. Mechanisms and directions for improving the current legislation in the field of environmental protection have been studied, and legal decisions on ensuring public health have been considered.


Objective:To study the correlation between perinatal factors and premature infants with intracranial hemorrhage.Methods:91 premature infants with intracranial hemorrhage were selected and 91 premature infants were also selected at the same period as the control group.18 risk factors were listed and analyzed by the methods of single-factor analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results:After single-factor analysis,there were significant differences of 8 perinatal factors in two groups,including gestational age,birth weight,one-minute Apgar score,placenta,meconium,multiple gestation,fetal intrauterine distress,resuscitation.And gestational age,birth weight,fetal intrauterine distress and 1-minute Apgar score were the main risk factors with logistic regression analysis.Conclusions:Clinical doctors should improve the predictability of possibility of premature infants with low gestational age,low birth weight,fetal intrauterine distress and 1-minute Apgar score to have intracranial hemorrhage, and take preventive measure in early stage.


The purpose of this study is to examine the university students' awareness and attitudes on functional clothing materials, and to explore the effects of subjects' characteristics on the relationship between their attitudes to and images of the functional clothing materials. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed to university students and 409 of which were used in data analysis. The data were statistically analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, t-test, ANOVA. The results were as follows: students thought that the first and foremost 'function' of functional clothing materials is their light-weight. The functions that consumers practically demanded are water-repellency and high absorbency & quick drying. It showed that students have an image that functional clothing materials have special, good and satisfactory qualities. Goretex and Coolmax were the most selected as brands of functional clothing materials which students knew. Attitudes to functional clothing materials revealed positively in the cognitive, behavioral and affectional attitudes. The attitudes had no significant differences according to sex and their major, but they had significant differences by subjects' amount of allowance, frequency of sports participation and sports ability. In other words, the more amount of allowance they get, the more frequently students do exercise, and the higher sports ability they have, the more positive attitude they have. The study says, in conclusion, that their conception of functional clothing materials has positive relations with their attitudes toward them.


The definition of the two-folds compound generalized non-homogenous poisson process is given and some properties about it are discussed on the basis of generalized non-homogenous compound poisson process.


Interpretation of opiate drug test results can be challenging due to casual dietary consumption of poppy seeds, which may contain variable opiate content. Opiate concentrations in paired oral fluid (OF), collected with the Oral-Eze® Oral Fluid Collection System, and urine were analyzed after ingestion of poppy seeds from the same source, consumed raw or contained in a roll. In Part 1, 12 individuals consumed equal portions of a poppy seed roll. For Part 2, the same individuals consumed an equivalent quantity of raw poppy seeds, containing ∼3.2 mg of morphine and 0.6 mg of codeine. Specimens were analyzed both by enzyme immunoassay (opiates) and by GC–MS (morphine/codeine). Urinary morphine was between 155–1,408 (roll) and 294–4,213 ng/mL (raw), measured at 2, 4, 6 and 20 h post-ingestion. Urinary codeine concentrations between 140–194 (roll) and 121–664 ng/mL (raw) were observed up to 6 h post-ingestion. Following consumption of raw poppy seeds, OF specimens were positive, above LOQ, from 0.25 to 3.0 h with morphine ranging from 7 to 600 ng/mL and codeine from 8 to 112 ng/mL. After poppy seed roll consumption, morphine concentrations of 7–143 ng/mL were observed up to 1.5 h with codeine detected in only 5.5% of OF specimens and ranging from 8 to 28 ng/mL. Combined with the existing poppy seed literature, these results support previous findings and provide guidance for interpretation of OF opiate testing.


Battery power is provided a method and apparatus for managing applications in a portable terminal is performed CKS, while providing for a multitasking function by a plurality of applications, to prevent the system resources by the application being executed to be used due and reduce system performance. In this method, when a plurality of applications are executed, to perform such a plurality of applications is reported to the user, so that the user can terminate one or more applications, thereby preventing unnecessary consumption of battery power.


A mute circuit is being developed by Post Office Headquarters for use in N.Z.P.O. v.h.f. base-station radio-telephone receivers. The circuit is also suitable for Incorporation into v.h.f. transceivers.


Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus, 1766) or macaque is a primate that was successfully bred by Primate Research Centre (PRC) IPB University as an effort to conserve and use it as a model animal in biomedical research. macaque with ID. Tattoo 6180 is a male macaque ± 23 years old in a coral cage B which focuses on breeding purposes in captivity to produce offspring. Health evaluation of ID. Tattoo 6180 becomes one of the important things related to those goal. The purpose of this study was to measure the haematological and blood chemistry profile of macaque with ID. Tattoo 6180. The method used in this research is descriptive observational to identify blood cell composition, leukocyte differentiation, and blood chemistry. Based on the measurement results, it is known that the hematologic profiles including White Blood Cell/WBC (7.5×103/µl), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin/MCH (23.4 pg), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration/MCHC (33.2 g/dL), and Platelets/PLT (231×103/µl) have values outside the normal range. The results of the leukocyte differential examination showed that the N/L value was 4.68 exceeded the normal value. In addition, the results of blood chemistry measurements including SGOT (119.1 U/L), Calcium (7.0 mg/dL), Phosphorus (37.9 mg/dL), and Cholesterol (87 mg/dL) also have values outside the normal range. Results examination showed that the macaque with ID. Tattoo 6180 was diagnosed as hyperchromic macrocytic / microcytic without anaemia, stress, thrombocytopenia, muscle injury / inflammation of the heart, and hypercholesterolemia. Further examination is needed to establish the macaque health status.


AbstractShort streamflow records make it difficult to determine the extent to which discharge changes in excess of ecological thresholds are due to dam operations or natural variability. Unnecessar...


A gait history image (GHI) is a spatial template which accumulates areas of movement into a univalent template. A new descriptor named Time-sliced averaged gradient boundary magnitude (TAGBM) is constructed to show the time variations of motion. In the proposed approach, every video is parted into L and M groups of successive frames, so GHI and TAGBM are calculated for every group, resulting spatial and temporal templates. Transfer learning method has been utilized for classifying them. This proposed approach gets the recognition efficiencies of 96.5% and 92.7% for KTH and UCF Sport action datasets, respectively.


Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a hyperglycemic condition that occurs even though endogenous insulin is available where the insulin levels produced are damaged by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, the liver produces glucose more than normal, carbohydrates in food are not metabolized properly anymore, eventually the pancreas secretes a large amount of insulin. less than needed. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia from 2000 experienced a surge of 8.4 million and in 2020 to 21.3 million. Diabetes Mellitus who suffers from diabetic ulcers requires proper care and treatment considering that the healing process is not short. To prevent the severity of injuries, efforts that can be made include good nutritional status, diabetes mellitus control, wound examination, foot care, and diabetic foot exercises. This research method used is descriptive case study. Subjects The research was conducted on 2 patients with 1 case with the same nursing problem, namely body image disorders with the provision of health education. The results of the study were obtained after nursing actions were carried out on patient 1 and patient 2, namely the body image disorder has been resolved by providing health education about the fulfillment of body image. Keywords: Body Image; Health Education; Diabetes Mellitus.