The compound [CoII{HN(OPPh2)(SPPh2)-O}2I2] (1) was synthesised by the reaction of cobalt in powder with the iodine adduct of tetraphenylthiooxoimidodiphosphinic acid, HN(OPPh2)(SPPh2), in Et2O; treatment of compound 1 with NaOH resulted in deprotonation of the ligands bound to the metal ion and a separation of [CoII{N(OPPh2)(SPPh2)-O,S}2] (2). Molecular structures of complexes 1 and 2 were elucidated by X-ray diffraction analysis, which revealed a CoI2O2 tetrahedral core for compound 1 in which two neutral ligands bind through the oxygen atoms the CoII ion, and a tetrahedral CoO2S2 core for compound 2 with the oxygen and sulfur atoms of each anionic ligand chelating a CoII centre. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements are consistent with tetrahedral high-spin (S = 3/2) CoII that possesses a 4A2 ground state with best fit parameters g = 2.25, |D| = 12.0 cm–1 and g = 2.37, |D| = 11.9 cm–1 for complexes 1 and 2, respectively. The compounds were further characterised by UV/Vis and IR spectroscopy. DFT calculations were performed on model complexes [CoII{N(OPH2)(SPH2)-O,S}2] (3) and [CoII{N(SPH2)2-S,S′}2] (4) to compare the electronic properties of the CoO2S2 and CoS4 cores. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)


Rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of banana cultivars 'Prata Comum' and 'Prata Ana' and from crotalaria and marigold in Tryptic Soy Agar and King B-agar media. Bacteria were used for valuations of the in vitro and in vivo. The promising isolates were submitted to identification by polymerase chain reaction. Among the one hundred and fifty two evaluated, twenty three showed toxicity to R. similis after twenty-four and thirty six hours. Five presented deleterious effect on the population of R. similis in the soil under in vivo conditions. Of the ten submitted to identification, three corresponded to the Bacillus genus and two to the Pseudomonas genus. The bacteria evaluated have antagonistic potential against R. similis.

 Key words: Musa spp., biological control, burrowing nematode, rhizospheric bacteria.


FROM BACKLASH TO MOBILIZATION: MUSLIM AMERICAN PRAYER SPACES IN POST-9/11 NEW YORK by George E. Melissinos Advisors: Professor Mandana E. Limbert and Professor Simon Davis This paper argues that Muslim Americans mobilized against the threat of backlash post-9/11 through the creation of new prayer spaces and maintenance of prayer spaces already in existence before the terrorist attacks. I suggest that the successful mobilization of prayer spaces continues to provide a mechanism of support and unity against backlash for Muslim Americans in New York City since the events of September 11, 2001. I also explore how ineffective mobilization efforts, such as demonstrated by the Park51 project, fail to protect the Muslim American community against backlash.


The invention provides a method and a device for recording running routes, and electronic equipment. The method is characterized in that based on the analysis of repeated running routes, a default running route is obtained; during the next time running, the default running route is obtained directly, current position information is calculated with shorter time intervals to be displayed, and current practical position information is obtained by using a GPS module to correct the running route with longer time intervals; after characteristic parameters of all rectangular areas of the default running route are traversed, the corrected default running route is obtained, and stored as a current running route. According to the method and the device, a user can start the positioning module (the GPS module) with the longer time intervals to correct a running route, without starting the positioning module to obtain the practical position information to obtain the running route with the shorter time intervals, so that traffic and electric quantity of the electronic equipment are saved.


Teaching colors is an important discipline of architectural arts. It is to help students to learn the rules of colors and develop the skills of expression in a proper and scientific way. This discipline is especially important in developing the students aesthetic judgment and artistic accomplishments. To strengthen the work of teaching theoretical knowledge of colors and improve teaching methods will result in better work of teaching colors.


The hot workability and hot pack-rolling process of B4CP/AA6061 composite were studied. The results showed that the addition of B4C particles could effectively promote the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) process of the composite. DRX and DRX grains growth were dominant deformation mechanism during hot deformation of B4CP/AA6061composite. Typical instability defects included micro voids and particle aggregation. The optimum processing parameters for good workability were obtained in the temperature range of 450°C-500°C and strain rate range of 0.01s-1-0.1s-1. According to the flow stress curves and processing maps, a temperature of 500°C and a rolling velocity of 40 mm/s were chosen for pack-rolling experiments. The pack-rolled composite sheets in the RD and TD showed more homogeneous DRX grains than as-HIPed microstructures, which might indicate that hot pack-rolling could lead to more homogeneous microstructures without any edge cracking and surface cracking.


Weak-lensing peak counts provide a straightforward way to constrain cosmology by linking local maxima of the lensing signal to the mass function. Recent applications to data have already been numerous and fruitful. However, the importance of understanding and dealing with systematics increases as data quality reaches an unprecedented level. One of the sources of systematics is the convergence-shear inversion. This effect, inevitable when carrying out a convergence field from observations, is usually neglected by theoretical peak models. Thus, it could have an impact on cosmological results. In this paper, we study the bias from neglecting (mis-modeling) the inversion. Our tests show a small but non-negligible bias. The cosmological dependence of this bias seems to be related to the parameter Σ8 ≡ (Ωm∕(1 − α))1 − α(σ8∕α)α, where α = 2∕3. When this bias propagates to the parameter estimation, we discovered that constraint contours involving the dark energy equation of state can differ by 2σ. Such an effect can be even larger for future high-precision surveys and we argue that the inversion should be properly modeled for theoretical peak models.


AbstractThis paper presents a series of experimental investigations on the time-dependent characteristics of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM) under various temperatures and strain conditions...


This research aims to obtain mass transfer coefficient data on the extraction of ginger oil using microwave hydrotropic solvent as an alternative to increase zingiberene. The innovation of this study is extraction with microwave heater and hydrotropic solvent,which able to shift the phase equilibrium, and the increasing rate of the extraction process and to improve the content of ginger oil zingiberene. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Separation Techniques at Chemical Engineering Department of Diponegoro University. The research activities carried out in two stages, namely experimental and modeling work. Preparation of the model postulated, then lowered to obtain equations that were tested and validated using data obtained from experimental. Measurement of experimental data was performed using microwave power (300 W), extraction temperature of 90 ° C and the independent variable, i.e.: type of hydrotropic, the volume of solvent and concentration in order, to obtain zingiberen levels as a...


PURPOSE
Flavonoids with two to five hydroxy groups, with or without sugar, and/or methoxy groups were studied on their effects to affect ocular blood flow.

METHODS
Colored microsphere technique was used to determine the ocular blood flow in rabbit eyes.

RESULTS
Flavonoids with three free hydroxy (OH) groups seemed to produce the optimal effects in increasing ocular blood flow (naringenin and hesperitin, Pfalts and Bauer, Waterbury, CT). Whether the OH groups are below three (naringenin, hesperitin, Pfalts and Bauer, Waterbury, CT) or above four (Quercetin, Pfalts and Bauer, Waterbury, CT), they produced no effects on the ocular blood flow. When OH groups are four (rutin, Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI), it produced mixed effects on ocular blood flow. The attachment of rutinose and/or methoxy group in the structure did not affect the ocular blood flow one way or the other.

CONCLUSION
The ocular blood flow is increased significantly by the number of OH group in the molecule, with three the best to increase the ocular blood flow.


Much research effort has been devoted to the development of sensors capable of providing reliable on-line information about the reaction advancement in polymerization processes. In particular, calorimetric techniques which have been widely investigated in the past, still present real difficulties in multipurpose industrial applications. This paper describes a new strategy for the accurate determination of conversion during batch polymerizations. In addition to the calorimetric data, infrequently-available gravimetric measurements are used to track variations of key-parameters such as the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is shown that accurate estimation of conversion can be obtained, even if unpredictable conversion-dependent and/or batch-to-batch variations are encountered. Batch and semi-batch experiments were performed in a 7-1itre bench-scale well-mixed reactor to evaluate the technique. The method has been successfully applied to solution polymerization systems, i.e. vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate in ethyl acetate, and to emulsion copolymerization operations, i.e. styrene/butyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate/vinyl acetate.


Using water hyacinth,vegetable peeling,cyanobacteria,passionflower and pig dung as raw materials to ferment,then getting bio-slurries of these materials inhibit the Rhizopus.The result we can get from the researth is that different bio-slurries do inhibit the growth of Rhizopus.Among all the materials,bio-slurries coming from vegetable peeling gets most inhibitive effect, while pig dung gets less.And there exists variability in the experiments of vegetable peeling,cyanobacteria,and passionflower.What's more,preliminary indications can be concluded that bio-slurries coming from plant is better than bio-slurries coming from animal waste.


The aim of this research was to determine the content of flavonoid and antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of sintrong leaf (Crassocephalum crepidiodes) on Bacillus cereus. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment concentrations extract which were 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% with three replications and resulting in 15 experimental units. Data were presented with tables and pictures and analyzed in descriptive statistic. Ethanol extract of sintrong leaf contained flavonoid compounds of 1,75% and was able to inhibit the growth of Bacillus cereus at a concentration of 20% with an average 12,3 mm and strong inhibition categories, also has a bacteriostatic character with percentage range death of Bacillus cereus 80,9% - 93,7%.

Keywords : flavonoid, sintrong leaf, antibacterial, bacillus cereus.


This article interrogates what are frequently taken to be central commitments of Childhood Studies: the idea that children are worthy of study 'in their own right', that childhood is a 'social construction', that children are and must be treated as active agents, and that participatory methods are the gold standard. It is argued that while these ideas have been fruitful in some respects, they involve fundamental problems.


The study of the deuteron electromagnetic form factors based on the quark cluster model is reviewed. The deuteron wave function is derived from a microscopic quark Hamiltonian with the help of the Resonating Group Method. One-pion and one-gluon exchange potentials are included in addition to a quadratic confinement potential. The photon is coupled directly to the quarks. Aside from the one-body impulse current, pion and gluon exchange currents are included on the quark level. Due to the Pauli principle on the quark level, new electromagnetic currents arise which are not present on the nucleon level. These currents, called quark exchange currents, describe processes in which a photon couples to a quark or a pair of quarks interacting via gluon or pion exchange and which are accompanied by a simultaneous quark interchange between the two threequark clusters (nucleons). They are small for low momentum transfers but appreciably influence the electromagnetic structure of the deuteron beyond a momentum transfer of q=5 fm−1. The discussion is extended to the magnetic moments of 15N, 17O and 39K by introducing the quark exchange currents as effective operators on the nucleon level. The quark exchange currents written in terms of nonlocal and spin-isospin dependent nuclear operators are effective only at short distances. They are evaluated with shell-model (harmonic oscillator) wave functions including the (short-range) Brueckner correlations. The Bethe-Goldstone equation is solved with our effective NN potential, which is derived from a microscopic quark Hamiltonian. The quark exchange currents shift the isovector magnetic moment of 39K by −20% from its Schmidt value.


We investigate the deformation of soft spherical elastic capsules filled with a ferrofluid in external uniform magnetic fields at fixed volume by a combination of numerical and analytical approaches. We develop a numerical iterative solution strategy based on nonlinear elastic shape equations to calculate the stretched capsule shape numerically and a coupled finite element and boundary element method to solve the corresponding magnetostatic problem, and employ analytical linear response theory, approximative energy minimization, and slender-body theory. The observed deformation behavior is qualitatively similar to the deformation of ferrofluid droplets in uniform magnetic fields. Homogeneous magnetic fields elongate the capsule, and a discontinuous shape transition from a spheroidal shape to a conical shape takes place at a critical field strength. We investigate how capsule elasticity modifies this hysteretic shape transition. We show that conical capsule shapes are possible but involve diverging stretch factors at the tips, which gives rise to rupture for real capsule materials. In a slender-body approximation we find that the critical susceptibility above which conical shapes occur for ferrofluid capsules is the same as for droplets. At small fields capsules remain spheroidal, and we characterize the deformation of spheroidal capsules both analytically and numerically. Finally, we determine whether wrinkling of a spheroidal capsule occurs during elongation in a magnetic field and how it modifies the stretching behavior. We find the nontrivial dependence between the extent of the wrinkled region and capsule elongation. Our results can be helpful in order to quantitatively determine capsule or ferrofluid material properties from magnetic deformation experiments. All results also apply to elastic capsules filled with a dielectric liquid in an external uniform electric field.


The report contains approach and formulation of the problem, objectives, theoretical framework, results, discussion, type of study, financial plan, conclusions and recommendations.


Critical insights on multisystemic resilience are grounded in Global South knowledge on the complexity of human relationality, which underscores that resilience does not fit neatly into ecological models. These insights are rooted in colonized communities' embodied and emplaced struggles for dignity and decolonization. Therefore, this chapter shares the author's reflections on multisystemic dimensions of human resilience emerging from voices of two displaced Palestinian families who participated in one of the author's previously completed studies in the colonized territory of the West Bank. When reading through the intergenerational narratives of the two Palestinian refugee families featured in this chapter, the author invites readers to accompany him in bearing witness to stories of profound suffering associated with colonial structural violence, yet also stories of radical rehumanization, which manifest as decolonial enactments of resilience.


IQSEC3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP‐ribosylation factors (ARF‐GEFs) is specifically expressed at GABAergic synapses, and its loss increases seizure susceptibility in mice. However, the contribution of microglia to initiation and/or progression of seizures in IQSEC3‐deficient mice has not been investigated. In the current study, we show that mice with hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG)‐specific IQSEC3 knockdown (KD) exhibit microglial activation and death of DG granule cell. Furthermore, treatment of IQSEC3‐KD mice with minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial activation, blocks DG granule neuron cell death and the occurrence of spontaneous seizures without affecting GABAergic synapse deficits or loss of somatostatin. Our results suggest that microglial activation is involved in a subset of IQSEC3‐KD–induced epileptogenesis stages, and that its regulation could be an alternative strategy for managing epilepsy.


Considering the large size of the agricultural sector in Romania, increasing the crop insurance adoption rate and identifying the factors that drive adoption can present a real interest in the Romanian market. The main objective of this research was to identify the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting Romanian farmers' purchase of crop insurance based on crop-level and farmer-level characteristics. The data set used contains 721 responses to a survey administered to Romanian farmers in September 2021, and includes both characteristics related to the crop as well as farmer-level socio-demographic attributes, perception about risk, perception about insurers and knowledge about agricultural insurance. Various ML algorithms have been implemented, and among the approaches developed, the Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifier (MLP) and the Linear Support Vector Classifier (SVC) outperform the other algorithms in terms of overall accuracy. Tree-based ensembles were used to identify the most prominent features, which included the farmer's general perception of risk, their likelihood of engaging in risky behaviour, as well as their level of knowledge about crop insurance. The models implemented in this study could be a useful tool for insurers and policymakers for predicting potential crop insurance ownership.


SUMMARY— Reductions in numbers but no depression of respiration of 4 Salmonellaserotypes over a 7.0-hr period was noted when they were incubated in the presence of anthocyanin pigments, malvidin-3.5diglucoside or cyanidin chloride. At certain concentrations of these pigments in the presence of glucose, stimulation of the respiration of some serotypes was evident. Slight reductions in cell numbers were noted as concentrations of malvidin-3,5-diglucoside increased. Comparable counts were obtained upon plating the cells on minimal and complete media, indicating lack of metabolic damage to those cells present. An enzyme assay utilizing the respiration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus indicated the possibility of an anthocyanase in the cells which had been preincubated in the presence of the diglucoside of malvidin without glucose but not with glucose. If this observation were substantiated, it would indicate the production of a glucose-repressible anthocyanase. No evidence was obtained to indicate utilization of the aglycone by any of the 4 serotypes.


Field study during kharif revealed that Echinochloa crusgaUi, Cyperus iria, C. rotundus, Ammania baccifera, Commelina benghalensis and Eclipta alba were the dominant weeds in transplanted rice. Presence of weeds for the entire crop season reduced the grain yield by about 37%. Two hand weedings at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DAT) could take care of almost all categories of weeds. Pre-emergence application of pretilachlor @ 437.5 g/ha supplemented with one hand weeding at 40 DAT proved more effective than the sole application of the same herbicide. Pretilachlor when applied at 500 g/ha alone or at 437.5 g/ha alongwith one hand weeding at 40 DAT gave results comparable to two rounds of hand weeding in minimizing weeds and improving crop growth and yield. However, the maximum grain yield and enhancement in yield components of transplanted rice were obtained under pretilachlor application at 437.5 g/ha + one hand weeding, followed by hand weeding twice and pretilachlor 500 g/ha.


Recently, Beal (1987, Biometrics 43, 941-950) found Mee's modification of Anbar's approximate interval estimation for the difference in binomial parameters to be a good choice in small sample sizes. As this method can be derived from the score theory of Bartlett, it is easily corrected for skewness. Exact numerical evaluation shows that this correction is not as important for this case as for the ratio of binomial parameters (Gart and Nam, 1988, Biometrics 44, 323-338). The score theory is also used to extend this method to the stratified or multiple-table case. Thus, good approximate interval estimates for differences, ratios, and odds ratios of binomial parameters can all be derived from the same general theory.


Background. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the anti-hypertensive and nephroprotective effects and tolerability of combined therapy by β-adrenergic antagonists and antagonists of receptors to angiotensine II in patients with hypertension. Materials and methods. In this study the authors used the Statement Ambulatory Monitoring of Blood Pressure (SAMBP). The glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Cockroft-Goult's equation, microalbuminuria was evaluated by test strips. Results. It was revealed that the combination of Cordinorm and Valz allows to achieve target levels of blood pressure (BP) in 86 % of cases, improve the daily profile of BP and also show the pronounced nephroprotective effect of treatment. The combination of Cordinorm and Valz contributed to a significant reduction in the frequency of side effects of each component by reducing their doses. Conclusions. The combination of Cordinorm and Valz has improved anti-hypertensive and nephroprotective performance and good tolerability that allow to recommend this combination for treatment of patients with hypertension.


The limitations of time-frequency distribution (TFD) with fixed kernel on cross-components suppression are analyzed and the improvement of time-frequency resolution using signal-dependent adaptive kernel TFD is explored. An improved algorithm for calculating the signal-dependent adaptive kernel time-frequency distribution is put forward based on the radially-Gaussian signal dependent representation. The algorithm adopts the short-time ambiguity function (STAF) and the adaptive kernel varying with time. It can differentiate the details of multi-component signals in TFD. Simulation results show that the new algorithm possesses a high time-frequency resolution and has no interferency terms. At the same time it is applicable to analysis of long signals and on-line signal processing.


Ensembles of periodic binary sequences with low off-peak autocorrelation and cross-correlation are highly valued and difficult to find. The small Kasami, Kamaletdinov 1&2, and Rational Cycle are versatile, because they can be converted into Costas-like arrays for frequency/time hopping. We present a unified construction of such ensembles using linear feedback shift registers.


The present invention discloses a rotor housing comprising a circular plate along two parallel axes disposed side by side in the same, having at least one turn fixedly connected between two circular vortex plate group shell plate, each plate vortex ring group comprising at least one swirl plate each vortex ring plate group corresponding virtual cylinder coaxial of a shell, consisting of ring vortices each swirl plate plate group uniformly disposed around the virtual cylinder outer cylinder in a tangential direction of the virtual circle plate corresponding to the vortex of the at least two circular shell to a center of the circular plate is vertically fixed housing in communication with a hollow central shaft, the outer end of the shaft defines a central axial opening; portion between the adjacent outer ends of the outermost plates forming the swirl tangential mouth. The rotor structure of the present invention is simple, easy to use. The rotor of the present invention may be used as an expander, the rotary engine can also be used as a compressor. The present invention can be effective and energy within the working fluid kinetic energy into mechanical energy of rotation of the rotor, the overall efficiency is improved.


The current study evaluated how characteristics of Hebrew, a Semitic language with an abjad
 writing system, are manifested in Hebrew-speaking preschoolers' play with a computerized spelling game adapted for Hebrew. The
 game words were of different lengths and structures so as to include the entire Hebrew alphabet and all the vowels (a,
 e, i, o, u) in all possible positions in the word (first, last, second). We analyzed the 18,720
 spellings typed by 96 preschoolers aged 5;7 years (on average) who played the game during eight sessions (about 20 minutes per
 session) in one month.
 The study indicated a greater difficulty in spelling א, ה, ו, י letters as consonants than as vowels, and more
 success in spelling ב, כ, פ letters that are pronounced as stops, as compared to the same letters that are pronounced as spirants.
 The success in spelling consonants and consonant-vowel letters was identical. Within a word, there was greater success in spelling
 the first letter, than in spelling the last letter, and the second letter. The length of the word did not influence success in
 spelling the first, second, or last letter in the word. At the same time, spelling an entire shorter word was easier than spelling
 an entire longer word. Lastly, spelling of words to which children had more exposures was easier than spelling words with only a
 single exposure. The discussion focuses on the implications of the study and refers to the nature of appropriate literacy-oriented
 digital Hebrew games and activities with preschoolers.


Myxococcus xanthus moves by gliding motility powered by type IV pili (S‐motility) and distributed motor complexes (A‐motility). The Frz chemosensory pathway controls reversals for both motility systems. However, it is unclear how the Frz pathway can communicate with these different systems. In this article, we show that FrzCD, the Frz pathway receptor, interacts with AglZ, a protein associated with A‐motility. Affinity chromatography and cross‐linking experiments showed that the FrzCD–AglZ interaction occurs between the uncharacterized N‐terminal region of FrzCD and the N‐terminal pseudo‐receiver domain of AglZ. Fluorescence microscopy showed AglZ–mCherry and FrzCD–GFP localized in clusters that occupy different positions in cells. To study the role of the Frz system in the regulation of A‐motility, we constructed aglZ frzCD double mutants and aglZ frzCD pilA triple mutants. To our surprise, these mutants, predicted to show no A‐motility (A‐S+) or no motility at all (A‐S‐), respectively, showed restored A‐motility. These results indicate that AglZ modulates a FrzCD activity that inhibits A‐motility. We hypothesize that AglZ–FrzCD interactions are favoured when cells are isolated and moving by A‐motility and inhibited when S‐motility predominates and A‐motility is reduced.


This is a book that has been a long time coming. It is imperative to listen to the voices of Christians from the East, talking about issues that are global but from Eastern perspectives. These are contributors who are practitioners. Some of the authors do not have their names mentioned or are using pseudonyms. Such is the sensitive and critical situations they are in! The issues chosen have to do with shame and honor, economics, leadership (different aspects), worship, the Bible in different cultures, ministry to migrants, urban ministries, and social engagement.


This study examines K-band rectangular waveguide terminations with three-dimensional (3D)-printed loads, and proposes an Asymmetrical Tapered Wedge topology. This geometry shows a good tradeoff between microwave performance and 3D-printing issues (printing directions and support material requirements), thus improving noticeably the reproducibility of the devices. The effect of the density of the 3D-printed load on the reflection parameter of the termination was investigated. Even for a low density, reflection level remained below −27.5 dB between 18 and 26.5 GHz. Reproducibility was demonstrated by the characterization of six loads that were 3D printed under the same conditions. Measurements demonstrate that a maximum reflection parameter level of −33.5 dB can be ensured over the whole frequency band without any post-machining of the 3D-printed devices.


Accessible summary
We wanted to know what people with learning disabilities know about dementia. We asked service users what the word meant to them, if they knew anyone with dementia, and what it was like to share a house with someone who has dementia. We learnt that:

•Service users can know a lot about dementia.
•Living with someone with dementia can be really hard – and staff do not always  have enough time for everyone else.
•Services should think more about how dementia affects everyone – not just the person who has the dementia.

Summary
This paper reports on research that illuminates how people with a learning disability understand dementia and indicates the implications of these understandings for developing appropriate models of care. As this new policy and practice area struggles to provide appropriate and effective models of care for people with a learning disability and dementia, an awareness of service users' understandings of dementia leads to a number of important insights. The wider research programme from which this paper is drawn aims to identify best practice in supporting people with learning disabilities to stay in their own homes as they grow older and develop dementia. A combination of focus groups, ethnography and individual interviews were conducted at eight sites across England. Participants were people with a learning disability who had dementia, and those who have lived with someone with dementia. The findings have the potential to improve support to this population as they grow older.


The possibility of using poly(1,3-phenylene methylphosphonate) (PMP) pre-reacted with low molecular weight bisphenol A epoxy resin for the preparation of flame retardant epoxy resins has been investigated. The molar ratio of the reactants was adjusted to obtain a phosphorus content in the end product of 2.00 or 2,17 %. Triphenylphosphine, 2-methyl imidazole, triethanolamine and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide were used as catalysts. The effects of type and concentration of catalyst on the reaction course were investigated. The synthesis was carried out in the melt and the reaction progress was followed by determination of the epoxy values of the samples taken during the reaction. The viscosity of the samples and their molecular weight distribution were determined as well. The influence of an ionic chlorine present in the epoxy resin on the course of the reaction was investigated. For selected samples 31P NMR spectra were recorded. The reaction conditions were chosen in such a way to avoid a gelation during the process. The application of the resins prepared in this way in the flame retardant epoxy systems will be reported soon.


New design conditions for the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model based unknown input observer, is presented in the paper. By the proposed methods, the design problem is parameterized in terms of linear matrix inequalities in relaxed and enhanced structures. Related to the state decoupling and reconstruction in the given class nonlinear systems, the design steps are revealed in the example for attenuation of an unknown input to the state estimation error.


A convergent multibeam unit for radiation is disclosed. The unit comprises a lineal accelerator as a radiation means which is angularly displaceable around a virtual axis which intersects the radiation axis of same, said lineal accelerator being combined with a stereotaxic device constituting a frame angularly displaceable around an axis which is substantially normal to the axis of angular displacement of the lineal accelerator and contains the isocenter of same; the angular displacement arches of the radiation axis of said lineal accelerator and of said stereotaxic frame defining a virtual spherical cap in the center of which and coinciding with said isocen ter, there is located the area to be radiated on said vir tual spherical cap which determines multiple radiation entries converging on said area.


Conifers represent an important part of forest economy in northern countries. After harvesting, competing species can quickly invade cutovers and impair conifer regeneration establishment, with significant impacts on long-term site productivity. Our objective was to identify the biophysical and harvesting characteristics associated with ericaceous and hardwoods competing species that cause competition problems to conifers, so that reforestation or tending efforts could be better planned. To do so, we linked data from the monitoring of 4,471 transects realized between 2007 and 2011 to data relating to elevation, ecological classification, soil attributes, and preharvest forest stands. We analyzed this assemblage of data to study the relationships between competing vegetation and harvesting and biophysical variables. We then estimated the probability of observing a given competing species cover based on these variables. In 2015, we re-sampled a portion of the sites to assess the temporal impact of different competing levels on the stocking, vigour and basal area of softwood regeneration, where conifer regeneration was marginal early after cutting. Analysis of the data from the 2007-2011 inventory showed that, after a cut with protection of regeneration and soils, ericaceous shrubs and hardwoods were not associated with the same sets of sites features. Ericaceous shrubs were mainly found in low fertility sites associated with black spruce and jack pine. The distinction between suitable environments for commercial shade-intolerant hardwoods and non-commercial hardwoods was less clear, as they responded similarly to many variables. Analysis of data from the 2015 inventory showed a significant improvement in conifer stocking when commercial shade intolerant hardwood competing levels were low (stocking 0-40%) and when ericaceous shrubs competing levels were moderate (percent cover 26-75%). The different types and intensities of competition did not appear to affect the vigour or the basal area of softwood regeneration, 9 to 14 years after harvesting.


It has been proposed that nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has an early noninvasive stage, designated nasopharyngeal intraepithelial neoplasia (NPIN). Hence, the detection and treatment of NPIN will prevent NPC from developing, and this would be similar to the strategies used for cervical cancer prevention. We wanted to ascertain the feasibility of using a brush sampler to collect cells for the cytologic diagnosis of NPIN and NPC. If successful, the technique could be used as a screening test in endemic areas.


Ge islands were grown on Si(001) and then annealed at 650 °C for 0, 20, 40, and 60 min in a chemical-vapor deposition reactor following Ge deposition. This letter confirms the previous observations directly. By combining the ability to quantify strain with the ability to measure island dimensions in a transmission electron microscope, we were able to plot strain versus aspect ratio for the various annealing times. The islands first relax strain because of Si intermixing with the Ge epilayer causes the lattice mismatch to be lowered. Once the mismatch is sufficiently reduced, and thus the strain energy sufficiently reduced, it becomes favorable for the islands to reverse their shape back from domes to pyramids, thus reducing surface energy. This confirms the reversibility of island shape and thus the thermodynamics of the transition.


Abstract The chain ladder method is a simple and suggestive tool in claims reserving, and various attempts have been made aiming at its justification in a stochastic model. Remarkable progress has been achieved by Schnieper and Mack who considered models involving assumptions on conditional distributions. The present paper extends the model of Mack and proposes a basic model in a decision theoretic setting. The model allows to characterize optimality of the chain ladder factors as predictors of non-observable development factors and hence optimality of the chain ladder predictors of aggregate claims at the end of the first non-observable calendar year. We also present a model in which the chain ladder predictor of ultimate aggregate claims turns out to be unbiased.


This study aims to determine the impact of social media on student morale. The method used in this research is a qualitative method. The subjects in this study were homeroom teachers of class V and students of class V. The approach used was a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results of the study are that at the State School Zero Empat Payaraman the use of social media is not exempt, because the impact of the use of social media in the school environment greatly affects all aspects, both aspects of achievement and enthusiasm for learning. With the use of social media in the school environment, students are only busy or focused on smartphones. The use of social media, of course, has a lot of impact on its users, both positive and negative impacts. There are many positive impacts of social media when it comes to children's education, one of which is that children can learn how to adapt, socialize with the public and manage friendship networks in learning activities.


not be used grammatically to translate M eirl. It is true that P. Bonsirven makes these points, and he is probably correct in what he says; but they are not made so conclusively as to give "quasi-certitude" to his interpretation, unless this means no more than a high probability. Nor are they made so conclusively that all readers will agree with the judgment of MM. Desclee & Cie. when they advertise that " . . . ce petit volume.. . doit mettre a l'aise exegetes, theologiens, moralistes et canonistes."


Abstract 2-(Benzoylmethylene)imidazolidines 2 and 5,-hexahydropyrimidines 3 and 6, or -hexahydro-1H-1,3-diazepines 4 were synthesized by the reaction of benzoyl substituted ketene mercaptals 1 with diamines.


The overall aim of the thesis was to design efficient supply chain setups in the selected supply environments by enhancing overall supply system performance, decreasing supply costs and improving year-round working opportunities by taking fuel properties through the supply chain into account. The supply chain re-engineering approach has been used with a narrowed focus, where logistics and inventory, material handling and delivery of forest chips to heat and power plant as well as the customer's desideratum have been considered. The studied supply chains were all based on the transportation of forest biomass as chipped from roadside storage locations either directly to power plant or via terminal or inland waterway harbour to power plant by chip truck or a combination of barge and chip truck. Discrete event simulation was selected as a study method due to the characteristics of the forest chip supply chains including the high level of interactions between system elements and the specific characteristics of the supply environment. The data required for the model development and models' parameter input values were acquired from the available data of the real system and from the literature. To enhance the performance of the forest chip supply chain from roadside storage locations to end-use facilities, the following results and conclusions were obtained: 1) Rearrangements in the set-up of fuel reception stations and the logistics of fuel truck reception at the power plant as well as adaptive shift scheduling of trucks resulted in a notable decrease in the waiting times of fuel trucks at the power plant's fuel reception. 2) Forest chip supply from roadside storage locations highly encourages the use of storage area location and quality information for smart material allocation to achieve a higher energy output with lower supply costs, especially when the demand for fuel is at its highest. 3) By introducing a feed-in terminal for forest chip supply, cost compensation for additional terminal-driven costs can be gained through a higher annual capacity utilisation of a fuel supply fleet and more secured fuel supply to power plants by decreasing the need for supplemental fuel, which can be more expensive at times when fuel demand is at its highest. Terminal-aided forest chip supply facilitates smoother working throughout the year in the chipping and transporting of forest chips, thus offering more stable working opportunities than a conventional direct supply of forest chips. 4) Inland waterway areas with existing waterway infrastructure and close connections to biomass resources and enduse facilities can offer a cost-competitive and supplemental method for the long distance transport of forest chips. Reshaping the conventional fleet used for waterway transport and restructuring the logistics of waterway transportation together with harbour operations can improve the cost-competitiveness of the transport method. The cost-efficiency of forest chip supply for heat and energy generation can be further enhanced with the support of research and technology development.


Background: Thiamine is a vitamin with a widespread physiological functions and therapeutic effects. Its beneficial effects in different diseases conditions is the subject area of multiple recent researches. Especially in chronic diseases as diabetes and hypertension. Aim of the Study: Test and compare the possible protective effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and thiamine in type 2 diabetic rats. Patients and Methods: A total of 55 male albino rats were used in this study weighing 150-200 grams. The animals were housed in wire mesh cages at room temperature, with normal light dark cycle. They were fed the commercial rat chew diet and had free access to water. These rats were divided into the following groups: Group 1: Control group, Group 2: Type 2 diabetic rats, Group 3: Type 2 diabetic nephropathy rats, Group 4: Lisinopril-treated type 2 diabetic nephropathy rats, Group 5: Thiamine mononitrate-treated type 2 diabetic nephropathy rats. Blood samples were collected for measurement of fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were also measured. Nuclear factor kappa B gene expression was estimated. Results: Treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor reduced fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, nuclear factor kappa B gene expression, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. While treatment with thiamine mononitrate reduced fasting blood glucose and systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and thiamine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes significantly improved the ABP and the diabetic condition in type 2 diabetes mellitus. ACE inhibitors also inhibits the inflammatory cascade.


SUMMARY In this study, a subjective experiment was conducted in a climatic chamber to clarify the effect of moderately hot environment on productivity, especially on the relationship between perform ance and fatigue. The climatic chamber was conditioned at operative temperature of 25.0°C (insulation value of 0.93 clo), 28.0°C (insulation value of 0.93 clo), and 28.0°C (insulation value of 0.57 clo). Subjects were exposed in the environment for six hours. The performance at 28.0°C condition was lower than at 25.0°C condition. Performance decreased as the sessions proceeded, while the total rate of subjective symptoms of fatigue increased. Correlation between personal rates of complaints of fatigue and performance in Z-score was observed with correlation coefficient of -0.76. From the linear regression model, increase in 10% of fatigue corresponded to the decrement in standard number of correct answers by 1.7%. These results implied that thermal environment effected on performance and fatigue and subjects performed worse when they felt high level of fatigue.


1. A method for transmitting multimedia content stream processing comprising the steps of: encrypt the content of multimedia streams and generating a message access control (ECM) and message control access right (EMM), and! transmitting the encrypted multimedia content streams, ECM and EMM, wherein each I-frame of the encrypted streaming media contents is segmented into transmission packet data set for transmission and is transmitted during the ECM transmitting a plurality of data packets. ! 2. A method for processing multimedia content flows transmission according to claim 1, wherein the ECM transmission comprises the step of: ECM transmit in a fixed period of time. ! 3. A method for processing multimedia content streams according to claim 1, wherein the ECM transmission during transmitting a plurality of data packets includes the step of: transmitting one or more ECM between transmissions of any two data packets of the plurality of data packets. ! 4. A method of processing multimedia content streams according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein transmitting the encrypted multimedia content streams, ECM and EMM comprises the steps of: transmitting the encrypted multimedia content streams, ECM and EMM to the terminal device or! transmitting the encrypted content and the transmission of media streams in multimedia streams ECM transmission server and transmitting the EMM to the terminal device. ! 5. A method of processing multimedia content flows transmission according to claim 4, wherein when transmitting encrypted multimedia content streams, ECM and EMM to the terminal device spo


ing that initiative, American democracy promoters can incorporate a focus on religious freedom into their activities by using tools already available from the US government. For example, The Office of International Religious Freedom within the State Department, Act of 1998, "monitor[s] religious persecution and discrimination worldwide, recommend[s] and implement[s] policies in respective regions or countries, and develop[s] programs to promote religious freedom."18 This book is interesting and wellwritten and documented for its limited perspective and purpose. Unfortunately, Sarkissian did not consider the contextual self-understanding and experiences of the vast regions of the world she purports to cover. Even for its limited perspective and purpose, this book could have benefited from some critical reflections on religious freedom in the United States, or the imperial projection of the American model throughout the world in the name of "International Religious Freedom." In the final analysis, this book is not only premised on the view of its subject from a North Atlantic, specifically American, perspective, but also designed for the uncritical service of the foreign policy of the United States, including the global reach of its civil society organizations. There is no effort to consider how the subject of this book might be examined from a non-North Atlantic perspective, or how it can have non-North Atlantic policy implications.


Throughout the rural South, men with regular business in the country—hunters, fishermen, farmers, surveyors, and traveling agents of various trades— traditionally enjoy a repast known as the Store Lunch. I say "men" advisedly, for this tends to be a gender-specific ceremony seldom enjoyed by women. The beauty of this meal lies partly in its simplicity— everything needed in the way ofplace setting are a knife blade and a knee to balance cans on—and partly in its comprehensive nutrition, combining as it does die four major food groups: fat, sodium, sugar, and


Based on space-time duality and through the use of temporal dispersive delay lines, this paper presents a demonstration of temporal cloaking/uncloaking at microwave frequencies. Numerical simulations of pulse generation, continuous wave signal recovery and data recovery are discussed in relation to the proposed system architecture. This paper also suggests a practical means for implementation of real time dual temporal cloaking/uncloaking. Compared to traditional signal processing systems, since the recovered data emerges with a reversed form in time domain before its final decoding, an extra operation named time-reversal is needed to obtain the correct data, which could help protect the significant signals better with the proposed temporal cloaking/uncloaking system. The proposed method and achieved results indicate potential application in secure communications and data multiplexing subject to channel bandwidth requirements.


This paper presents a high resolution tuning scheme for the LC digitally-controlled-oscillator (DCO) based on desensitized tail capacitance tuning. The sensitivity of the oscillation frequency to the tail capacitance is quantitatively analyzed. The impact of the tail capacitance on the phase noise is qualitatively discussed. Our analysis and simulation results show that both the phase noise and the resolution can be improved simultaneously if the tail capacitance value is properly designed. A 2.4 GHz DCO designed in 65-nm CMOS technology is simulated for demonstration. The tuning resolution can be improved by a factor of 20, and the phase noise at 1 MHz offset can be improved by 2 dB.


Objective: To evaluate the remineralizing potential of a hydrocolloid-based, controlled fluoride-releasing system added to dentifrice formulas. Material and Methods: Sixty-five human enamel blocks were prepared and the surface microhardness (SH0) values were determined. The artificial caries lesions were induced and the demineralization surface microhardness (SH1) was evaluated. The blocks were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 13): (1) 100-TGF (100% NaF with Tara gum added); (2) 50-TGF (50% free NaF + 50% NaF with Tara gum added); (3) 100% TG (100% Tara gum without fluoride); (4) 100% NaF (positive control); and (5) placebo (without Tara gum and NaF). The blocks were submitted to 7 days pH cycling and treated with dentifrice slurries twice a day. Finally, surface hardness (SH2) was assessed and the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SMHR) was calculated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni test was used for statistical analysis. Results: A positive %SMHR was found in the 100% NaF (5.07) and 50-TGF (0.64) groups, while the 100-TGF (-1.38), 100% TG (-3.88) and placebo (-0.52) did not undergo remineralization. Statistically significant differences were observed between 100% NaF and all the groups except for 50-TGF (p<0.05). Conclusion: The presence of hydrocolloid (Tara gum) promoted minimal remineralization when associated with NaF. In the applied model, Tara gum may have compromised remineralization, preventing free fluoride from acting effectively in the carious lesion.


Headline writers often write ambiguous English newspaper headlines by means of clever use of ambiguous word order,ambiguous grammatical structure and pun.Such headlines are so eye catching and amusing that they can attract the reader more effectively.


With increasingly stringent carbon policies, the development of traditional heavy industries with high carbon emissions has been greatly restricted. Manufacturing companies surveyed use multifunctional machining machines and variable speed cranes, as the lack of rational planning results in high energy wastage and low productivity. Reasonable scheduling optimization is an effective way to reduce carbon emissions, which motivates us to work on this research. To reduce the comprehensive energy consumption of the machining process and transportation process in an actual manufacturing environment, this paper addresses a new low-carbon scheduling problem of flexible manufacturing and crane transportation considering multi-state collaborative configuration (LSP-FM&CT-MCC). First, an integrated energy consumption model based on multi-state machining machines and cranes is established to optimize the overall energy efficiency of the production process. Then, a new hybrid differential evolution algorithm and firefly algorithm with collaborative state optimization strategy (DE-FA-CSOS) is proposed to solve the proposed MIP model. In DE-FA-CSOS, the differential evolution algorithm (DE) is used for global search, and the firefly algorithm (FA) is used for local search. The collaborative state optimization strategy (CSOS) is proposed to guide the search direction of the DE-FA algorithm, which greatly improves the performance of the hybrid algorithm. Finally, the practicality and superiority of the solution method are verified by examples. The results show that machining and transportation energy consumption is reduced by 25.17% and 34.52%, respectively. In the context of traditional optimization methods and manual scheduling modes facing failure, the method has a broad application background for manufacturing process optimization in such workshops, which is of guiding significance for promoting the low-carbon development of traditional heavy industry manufacturing.


Since the serological studies of Escherichia coli were established by Kauffmann and his co-workers, the role of the genus as a causative agent in infection has been generally remarked, and there is no doubt that some types of Escherichia are pathogenic for man and animals. Especially, in the field of infantile diarrhea, numerous pathogenic Escherichia types have been recovered. On the other hand, Kauffmann (1954), Knipschildt (1945), Vahlne (1945), S j ostedt (1946), Ewertsen (1946), B okhari and ƒÓrskov (1952), Ulblich (1954) and Fey (1954) showed consistently that Escherichia in pathological materials differed from those in normal feces in their serological properties, hemolysis, necrotizing power, and other characteristics. Kauffmann and Knipschildt found that cultures from


BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus is a long-term disorder with high prevalence globally. It can be classified into two types: Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is considered a multifactorial disorder in which genetic factors such as cytokines play a major role. Cytokines play a role is immune modulation and are associated with the development of diabetes mellitus. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokines were studied extensively in different populations to determine their association with predisposition to diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the cytokine genes TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-10, and INF-γ in 102 Jordanian diabetes mellitus patients in comparison to 50 controls and their association to diabetes mellitus susceptibility.

METHODS
Analysis was performed using the highly specific polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers methodology.

RESULTS
Our findings showed that the IL-10-1082 G/G genotype (P=0.02) and the TGF-β1 codon 25*G allele (P<0.01) may be considered risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the IFN- γ -874*A allele (P=0.04) seems to increase the predisposition to type 1 diabetes.

CONCLUSION
Our study showed that the IL-10-1082 G/G genotype and TGF-β1 codon 25*G allele are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus while the IFN- γ -874*A allele is associated with type 1 diabetes. Our findings may help in the early detection of diabetes mellitus which would in turn help in undergoing the needed preventative measures to delay the onset of diabetes mellitus.


Thank you very much for downloading folk wisdom and mother wit john lee an african american herbal healer. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite books like this folk wisdom and mother wit john lee an african american herbal healer, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their computer.


A simple method for the fabrication of metal nanoparticles is introduced. Heating metal–organic crystals in vacuum results in the formation of well-defined metal particles embedded in a carbon matrix. The method is demonstrated for iron phthalocyanine. At 500 °C homogeneously distributed iron nanoparticles with a reasonably narrow size distribution form by nucleation and ripening. After this initial phase the formation kinetics changes drastically. The particles move in the matrix to incorporate material. The 'gluttony' phase shows astonishing similarities with the search for nutrition of living micro-organisms. Particle formation, ripening and gluttony are followed in situ by transmission electron microscopy.


One of the crucial challenges to be addressed by filter designers, stays the size reduction. Several ways can be explored to reach the necessary trade-off between size and electrical performances. Indeed, by considering all steps of conception from synthesis to the material choice and considering topology and technology, it is possible to greatly enhance this challenge. In recent years new opportunities emerged thanks to new materials with very high permittivity and low losses. This fact combined with the improvement of the simulation softwares and the increase of computer capabilities allow to envisage the design of very complex 3D structures. This workshop presentation will deal with: - Planar and SIW Filters on high-K substrate (r=90) - SIW filters on high-K LTCC Technology (r=65) - Multilayer planar filter


The invention describes an arrangement with a power semiconductor module with a terminal connector. The power semiconductor module has a housing and connection elements for load and auxiliary connections, which are at least partially formed as leading out of the housing spring contact elements. The housing further includes first connection means for connecting with the terminal connector, said terminal connector itself comprises second connection means for connection to the housing of the power semiconductor module. It also includes at least one metal shaped body with at least one contact face for contacting with a spring contact element of the power semiconductor module and with at least one contact element (70) for external connection contact.


A Hamiltonian system with coupled two dibberent kinds of modes is studied. When the coupling vanishes, one kind of modes is nonlinear oscillators, describing coherent three-wave interaction and consisting an integrable Hamiltonian. Another kind of modes is constants of motion. In the first order of approximation, resonance occurs due to the coupling between these two kinds of modes. The resonace condition is relevant to the existing linear brequencies and their mismatch as well as the harmonic frequencies of the nonlinear variations of the amplitudes of the oscillators.


In this elementary note we discuss some questions related to the behavior of iterations of polynomial maps with integer coefficients moduloprimes. In particular, we introduce three examples of such maps that have interesting dynamical properties. Several open questions are stated and discussed.


One of the most vital and interesting facts about human beings is that they are equipped with sense organs through which they keep in contact with the world around them. We perceive our environment through our sensory receptors, especially through our eyes and ears, and it is difficult to conceive how the human race could survive if we had no eyes or ears to inform us of what is happening at a distance. These sense organs are small in size, but important in function. They are so important that we organize great scientific efforts to study their nature and their behavior, and we corne together in international conferences to tell of our discoveries, and to discuss our many unsolved problems.


A shared interest of ARRB and Moorabool Shire Council in Victoria is an ongoing commitment to the improvement of unsealed local road asset management systems. This involves research into the underlying road design, road deterioration and works effects relationships, and the support and development of data collection techniques and equipment. Unsealed roads are a challenging issue, despite past research, as their whole of life performance and provision criteria are not as well-known as for sealed roads. Unsealed road performance is more heavily influenced than sealed roads by the interaction of local climate, traffic, maintenance practices and the state of the underlying subgrade.


As a kind of scholarship publication,the high school college journal undertakes the heavy load of the media scientific knowledge,scholarship results exchanges,spreading human civilized.The college journal edits must insist political,outstand scholarship,increase readability and enhance the creative in the whole process of a draft,review draft and edit.


Introduction: Lunar regolith breccias have a strong history of recording the bombardment history of the Earth-Moon system [e.g., 1] as well as for harboring lithic endogenous clasts that illustrate a range of chemical compositions and petrologic classifications [e.g., 2 Table S1]. With the influence of regolith gardening [e.g., 3], these unique breccias can provide key details of the diversity of lunar materials that may not be well-represented in the Apollo sample collection. We have previously reported on 6 lithic clasts within two thin-section of regolith breccia meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 8783 [4]. Here, we focus on 4 clasts in a third thin-section of the same sample to provide a likely classification of the clasts. NWA8783 Description: NWA 8783 is a lunar regolith breccia and part of the Northwest Africa NWA 8455 (NWA 8455) clan, which are compositionally similar to Apollo 16 regolith [2]. NWA 8783 includes major clasts of basalt or of lithologies with basaltic textures [2], such as impact melt clasts that also show petrologic similarities to Apollo 16 impact melt samples [4]. The clasts are set in a dark matrix and the sample is cross-cut by several melt veins (running N-S in Fig 1).


Yaniv Y, Spurgeon HA, Ziman BD, Lyashkov AE, Lakatta EG. Mechanisms that match ATP supply to demand in cardiac pacemaker cells during high ATP demand. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 304: H1428 –H1438, 2013. First published April 19, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00969.2012.—The spontaneous action potential (AP) firing rate of sinoatrial node cells (SANCs) involves high-throughput signaling via Ca -calmodulin activated adenylyl cyclases (AC), cAMP-mediated protein kinase A (PKA), and Ca / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-dependent phosphorylation of SR Ca cycling and surface membrane ion channel proteins. When the throughput of this signaling increases, e.g., in response to -adrenergic receptor activation, the resultant increase in spontaneous AP firing rate increases the demand for ATP. We hypothesized that an increase of ATP production to match the increased ATP demand is achieved via a direct effect of increased mitochondrial Ca (Ca m) and an indirect effect via enhanced Ca -cAMP/PKA-CaMKII signaling to mitochondria. To increase ATP demand, single isolated rabbit SANCs were superfused by physiological saline at 35 0.5°C with isoproterenol, or by phosphodiesterase or protein phosphatase inhibition. We measured cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca and flavoprotein fluorescence in single SANC, and we measured cAMP, ATP, and O2 consumption in SANC suspensions. Although the increase in spontaneous AP firing rate was accompanied by an increase in O2 consumption, the ATP level and flavoprotein fluorescence remained constant, indicating that ATP production had increased. Both Ca m and cAMP increased concurrently with the increase in AP firing rate. When Ca m was reduced by Ru360, the increase in spontaneous AP firing rate in response to isoproterenol was reduced by 25%. Thus, both an increase in Ca m and an increase in Ca activated cAMP-PKA-CaMKII signaling regulate the increase in ATP supply to meet ATP demand above the basal level.


social capital and entrepreneurship. Such variables now have their quantitative measures that are used in analyzing many economic issues. Social capital it is not a new concept. The name "social capital" was formulated by Hanifan (1920) in the first decades of twentieth century. Earlier economists have also considered the concept of social capital. For instance, in Adam Smith's (1776) writings it is possible to find references to this concept and its effects on productivity and economic growth. Alfred Marshall (1890), among others is also another example to be considered. Social capital is produced and contained by in social relations; it is not resided in material objects possessed by individuals. It is a result of behaviour Social Capital and Entrepreneurship


Significance The formation of the Isthmus of Panama, which linked North and South America, is key to understanding the biodiversity, oceanography, atmosphere, and climate in the region. Despite its importance across multiple disciplines, the timing of formation and emergence of the Isthmus and the biological patterns it created have been controversial. Here, we analyze molecular and fossil data, including terrestrial and marine organisms, to show that biotic migrations across the Isthmus of Panama began several million years earlier than commonly assumed. An earlier evolution of the Isthmus has broad implications for the mechanisms driving global climate (e.g., Pleistocene glaciations, thermohaline circulation) as well as the rich biodiversity of the Americas. The linking of North and South America by the Isthmus of Panama had major impacts on global climate, oceanic and atmospheric currents, and biodiversity, yet the timing of this critical event remains contentious. The Isthmus is traditionally understood to have fully closed by ca. 3.5 million years ago (Ma), and this date has been used as a benchmark for oceanographic, climatic, and evolutionary research, but recent evidence suggests a more complex geological formation. Here, we analyze both molecular and fossil data to evaluate the tempo of biotic exchange across the Americas in light of geological evidence. We demonstrate significant waves of dispersal of terrestrial organisms at approximately ca. 20 and 6 Ma and corresponding events separating marine organisms in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans at ca. 23 and 7 Ma. The direction of dispersal and their rates were symmetrical until the last ca. 6 Ma, when northern migration of South American lineages increased significantly. Variability among taxa in their timing of dispersal or vicariance across the Isthmus is not explained by the ecological factors tested in these analyses, including biome type, dispersal ability, and elevation preference. Migration was therefore not generally regulated by intrinsic traits but more likely reflects the presence of emergent terrain several millions of years earlier than commonly assumed. These results indicate that the dramatic biotic turnover associated with the Great American Biotic Interchange was a long and complex process that began as early as the Oligocene–Miocene transition.


This manuscript wishes to discuss something that could be considered the oldest and the newest of themes: Peace.
Peace is not just the absence of war. It may be that in your country or region there is no armed conflict. But is there peace? But then what does living in peace mean if it is not just the absence of war or conflict? It is living together with each other's differences - gender, ethnicity, language, religion and culture - while nurturing universal respect for justice and human rights is shared and coexistence based. In this sense, peace is permanently under construction and needs the participation of all, as it is the choice that encompasses sincere dialogue with other individuals and communities. And here we have a key role for education in promoting a culture of peace, from young children to adult.


There is renewed interest in developing biologically based technologies for the control of soilborne plantpathogenic fungi and nematodes. Biologically based technologies are thought to be more environmentally friendly than chemical pesticides used in conventional agricultural production systems. Unfortunately, biologically based technologies can be less effective than chemically based methods. Here we present a


The stability analysis and transition prediction are proceeded for one~-order compression ramp,which is the valuable configuration for the hypersonic vehicles.The finite volume method is used to solve the NS equations to get the basic flow field.The solution of the eigenvalue problem is obtained by using the linear stability theory under the assumption of local parallel flows.The first mode and the second mode unstable waves are found at the Mach number of 6.With the relation of the temporal and spatial amplification rates,the transition position is predicted by the EN method.


Distribution activities have been the least studied domain of the electricity sector; over the last few years though, strong debates emerged with regards to the future. Indeed, this activity might soon undergo some deep structural changes, particularly as smart technologies are deployed: theses technologies could strongly impact the current business cases of the DSOs, along with the regulation now in effect, at a time when numerous uncertainties weigh on the distributors choices of investments. This thesis investigates the distributors' business models evolutions in Europe for the next 20 years, based on technological, macroeconomic and geographical parameters. It proposes an original approach, both theoretical and analytical, to better understand the future world of DSOs. At first, it introduces the notion of "technologies with natural potential" in order to study the optimal development of the different technologies, by geographical context and macroeconomic scenarios. From these results, it then defines various possible evolutions of the distribution activities. Crossing these futures with the various possible investment strategies for the DSOs makes it possible to define the future business models of the European DSOs, according to various combinations of smart technologies displayed and contrasted geographical contexts. In its last part, the thesis studies the predictable changes in the relation DSO / regulator, using a formalization based on the Games Theory; this work is complemented by identifying the different lock-in effects (using the approach described in Brian Arthur's studies) that could hinder the emergence of smart technologies, and the possible solutions.


(57) Abstract: providing a liquid precursor to form an alkaline earth-containing material. Liquid precursor containing bound alkaline earth metal β-diketonates in the amine. For example, the liquid compound, N, N ', N' '- formed by reacting a tri-hexyl diethylenetriamine and barium 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate. Coating containing an alkaline earth metal, a precursor vapor liquid is deposited from a selectively oxygen or other oxygen source. This method may be used to deposit the barium strontium titanate having a high dielectric constant. Liquid precursor Similarly, spray coating material may be used for spin coating, and sol-gel deposition.


Before signing a health plan contract or contract amendment, it is important to assess the value it will bring to your practice. Physicians should not accept bad contracts or contracts that are not mutually beneficial.

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Following are tips on negotiating with payers


It is well known that inverted laser crystals have a strong inertial optical nonlinearity that is connected with changing of susceptibility by saturation of laser transition. The phase conjugation (PC) of laser beams by parametric oscillation in resonator with holographic mirror induced by means of mutually-coherent pumping waves in an inverted laser crystal was discussed.1,2 In our work, the phase conjugation of laser beams in loop scheme with an inverted Nd:YAG-rod (where two near-counter-running light beams with orthogonal polarization intersected) was investigated.


This walk is the perfect opportunity to improve your birding skills and meet like-minded people. No need to book. Price: £5 (£4 for RSPB members), children £2.00 (£1.50 for RSPB members). Every Wednesday


Punching failure is one of the major drawbacks of using flat slabs in the design of reinforced concrete structures. Punching shear analysis is very complicated which appears clearly in the large variation of the equations used by the different codes in calculating the punching shear capacity. There are many factors that affect the punching shear capacity of an element. This current research aims to investigate the contribution of two of these factors which are the horizontal flexural reinforcement, and the vertical shear reinforcement in the form of stirrups. Following the experimental program conducted at the reinforced concrete laboratory of the Faculty of Engineering at Cairo University, Egypt and verification using the finite non-linear analysis software (ANSYS 15), good correlation was observed between the analytical models and their corresponding experimental data. This proves that ANSYS 15 allows for studying the punching behavior of the flat slab in more details which could not be monitored in the laboratory. As a result, a detailed parametric study as well as comparison with some design codes was conducted using thirteen full scale flat slab specimens in order to simulate real life problems. The specimens had a loaded span of 2000 mm and a total thickness of 250 mm. The variables under study were the flexural reinforcement ratio and stirrups spacing and diameter in order to further enhance the understanding of the behavior of flat slabs in punching.


Various problems have been encountered in using Ackermann's function to measure the efficiency of procedure calls in System Implementation Languages. Although measurements have been made of some 60 systems, the ones presented here are included only when comparisons are possible. For conventional machine design, it is possible to draw some conclusions on desirable instruction set features. A surprising result from the analysis is that implementation quality is far more important than the overheads implied by language design.


Research on intimate partner homicide has increased along with public awareness and policy responses toward domestic violence. The current study addresses the decline in gender-specific intimate partner homicides during a time marked by significant transformations in domestic violence legislation, including the enactment of the 1994 Violence Against Women's Act. In an attempt to account for changes in intimate partner homicide during this time period, we examine the exposure reducing potential of domesticity, domestic violence resources, and females' economic status, while also acknowledging their possible backlash/retaliation effects when accounting for inequalities in the economic statuses of males and females. By incorporating a pooled time-series design to model change, our research reveals changes between 1990 and 2000 in key theoretical predictors of domesticity, domestic violence resources, and economic deprivation significantly influence the trends in male-victim intimate partner homicide, but not female-victim intimate partner homicide for a large sample of 178 urban cities.


The new administrative city project enhances the South Korean competitiveness. It can be said to be the symbol of the balanced national development. It is the traffic foundation of the infrastructure to be the most ahead among the method in which the administrative city which the entire territory can develop evenly can settle down in the first stage. There are the various means of communications but subject of this research is BRT (the Bus Rapid Transit: rapid transit bus system) and railway. Particularly, the extension to Sejong city of 1 line of Daejeon subway is inquired and the Chungcheong region metro-railroad, the metropolitan subway Cheongju Airport extension and transfer is made possible. Thus, in this research, after looking at the administrative city, the traffic network required for the accessibility improvement which Sejong city will have to be equipped with was analyze and the method of the competitive new administrative city project was shown.


Intrinsic voltageand calcium-sensitive pacemaker mechanisms (Legendre et al. 1982; Hatton 1982; Yamashita et al. 1983; Mason 1983; Andrew and Dudek 1984; Bourque and Renaud 1985; Bourque 1986; Andrew 1987a,b; Cobbet and Mason 1987; Cobbet et al. 1989) as well as synaptic mechanisms are involved in the synchronization of hypothalamic cells which varies according to the demands of hormone secretion (Poulain and Wakerley 1982). Synaptic mechanisms of synchronization in the hypothalamic network are, however, only poorly understood. Recently, we reported that embryonic hypothalamic cells maintained in culture for more than 4 weeks burst synchronously in the presence of GABA antagonists and that these bursts are mediated by a quisqualate receptor type (Misgeld and Swandulla 1989). In the present study, we examined the development of synaptic potentials and of the cell responses to GABA and the excitatory amino acids glutamate and quisqualate.


This excellent paper presents two clinical cases in which an index ray, which had been released previously from a complete or incomplete simple syndactyly, was formally transposed or "pollicized" into the thumb position. The description of both cases is clear and the outcomes are less than those that would be achieved if the index ray were completely normal preoperatively. This presentation raises the issue that is not discussed very often in the congenital hand literature: the inadequate index finger.In many clinical cases a less than optimal index finger is available for potential pollicization: (1) the Holt-Oram syndrome with a syndactylized index ray, (2) an index joined to the long finger with a complete simple syndactyly (i.e., typical cleft hand, index-long syndactyly with absent or hypoplastic thumb), (3) a stiff index finger associated with a complete or partial absence of the radius, (4) the stiff index ray with a fixed proximal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture with or without a complete or partial absence of the radius, (5) the mirror hand (ulnar dimelia), or (6) the five-fingered hand. The clinical deficiencies of the index ray are obvious on physical examination, and the major question is whether anything can be accomplished surgically to improve either the clinical function or the appearance or the hand. The absence of flexion creases indicates deficient joint structures plus or minus inadequate extrinsic flexor or extensor musculotendinous units. The presence of a complete or incomplete syndactyly means that there has been very little motion in utero. At surgery, fibrous bands are present between the phalanges, which may not appear joined on radiographs. Flexion contractures (camptodactyly) may be present in the index or all digits (Figs 1–5). For those involved with the surgical correction of congenital hand differences, these clinical situations do not present frequently but occur more often than anticipated. In my own experience with 230 pollicizations performed during the past 25 years, one of these clinical scenarios is present at least 15% of the time. There are no standard guidelines for treatment in the literature, and surgical recommendations are more dependent on a given surgeon's experience than practical reasoning. Most recommendations have been overwhelmingly conservative. Options for reconstruction include the following: 1. Do nothing 2. Rotation-recession osteotomy of the index ray 3. Formal pollicization of the index ray 4. Pollicization of the fifth finger The possible combination of deformities with congenital hand differences is infinite and there are many instances in which it is possible to pollicize an index digit after a


•  What is the central question of this study? Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play an important role in modulating breathing, and alterations in the functional properties of nAChRs may contribute to respiratory abnormalities, such as prenatal exposure to nicotine. Whie common approaches to study nAChRs, such as electrophysiological, anatomical and pharmacological techniques, are beneficial, they do not allow functional examination of receptor behaviour at the receptor level. We sought to use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to assess ligand‐binding properties of nAChR in living medullary neurons under control conditions and following nicotine exposure. •  What is the main finding and its importance? Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the utility of atomic force microscopy to assess functional properties of nAChRs in living medullary neurons, including the binding probability of the receptor. These findings also support the claim that nicotine desensitizes nAChRs.


The photon beam brightness of synchrotron light facilities is increased by reducing the beam emittance. For the upgrade of the storage ring of the Swiss Light Source (SLS2), the lattice achieving a low emittance foresees longitudinal gradient bending (LGB) magnets producing high peak field values and quasi-hyperbolic field profiles to minimize emittance at locations of radiation. Two types of technologies are studied: a 1.4 T peak field magnet based on permanent magnet materials (PM-LGB) and a superconducting version (SC-LGB) working at almost 5 T peak, to be upgraded to 6 T in future. The baseline scenario consists in commissioning the SLS2 with 60 PM-LGB assemblies first and exchange at a later stage three PM-LGBs by superconducting ones providing a higher peak field value. Thus, the design must foresee interchangeability. In this paper, we focus on the magnetic and mechanical design aspects of the PM-LGB and on the main mechanical constraints of the SC-LGB.


In order to make heald frames adapt to the work request of high-speed loom,the parameterization models of healed frames with different breadth are established in SolidWorks software,the modal analysis of heald frame is made by COSMOSWorks and Ansys Workbench software,the natural frequencies and modes for healed frame are calculated.The results of two different FEA for heald frames are compared,and its vibration characteristic influence on loom′s working is analysed,then some measures and methods are put forward to improve healed frame′s dynamic characteristic.


1. Back to Centre Stage 2. A New Driver in the Global Economy 3. Commodities and Economic Growth 4. China as a Driver of Demand for Commodities 5. A Lagged Supply Response and the Impact on Commodity Prices 6. The Financialisation of the Commodities Sectors 7. How are Stakeholders Responding to the Commodities Super Cycle? 8. The Reshaping of the Natural Resources Sector


The digitalization of financial services of banks and financial institutions has become important in the digital economy and has spread significantly during the pandemic. Digital financial literacy has become urgency. For its part, this has led to a new cycle in the development of digital financial literacy. The purpose of this article is to study the development of digital financial literacy in CEE countries and to develop recommendations for the implementation of national strategies for digital financial literacy, including for Ukraine. Identify factors and potential problems that may arise on a result of developing and implementing national digital strategies of financial literacy and identify the main components and indicators for evaluating the implementation of these strategies.
Determined that, Ukraine has everything necessary for the successful implementation of initiatives in the field of financial technologies, namely: growing penetration of mobile communications and the Internet, innovative banking institutions, the availability of world-class talent.The creation of a separate unit on digital financial literacy in the National Bank of Ukraine, responsible for implementing the national strategy of digital financial literacy will ensure the unity of scientific and economic policy and integration of NDFIS development goals into digital modernization projects based on powerful feedback mechanisms. The main tasks of such a unit will be to develop appropriate methodological support for selecting and tracking the results of the implementation of the national strategy, assisting staff employed in the implementation of NDFIS and even reviewing the existing structure and powers of executive bodies at national and local levels.


The quantification of petrophysical features instead of descriptive characterisation and the identification of relationships between geomorphic and geological factors has always been of key importance not only in engineering but in geomorphology as well (KAWABATA ET AL. 2001, CLAYTON & SHAMOON, 1998a). This study aims to investigate the relationship between geomorphic and geological endowments based on a wide-scale database using geoinformatics with the aid of statistical methods such as correlation, regression analysis and cluster analysis, and to quantify the rock resistance to erosion by combining and comparing traditional experiments and investigations applied mainly in engineering. The adaptibility and reliability of these methods in measuring rock strength was also investigated.


The invention relates to a kit for rapidly detecting warfarin individualized medication related gene SNP sites, and its detection method, and belongs to a genetic detection technology in the clinic detection technique of the biomedical field. The genetic typing of two polymorphic sites comprising CYP2C9*3(1061A/C) and VKORC1(-1639G/A) is rapidly and accurately carried out through human peripheral blood DNA drawing, specific PCR amplification by a Taq man probe and fluorescence signal analysis. The invention provides primers, probes and kits which are used for detecting the polymorphic sites, a use of the primers and the probes in the preparation of the kits, and a use of the determination of the warfarin application amount of a patient according to the detection results of the polymorphic sites. The determination use can effectively reduce the generation of the warfarin application amount related adverse events and prevent thrombotic diseases. The detection method can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of various patients needing warfarin clinically.


Material engineers continuously make every effort for the evolution of novel and prevailing production performances to supply our biosphere with resource-proficient, economical, and hygienic substances with superior package operation. The mitigation of energy depletion and gas releases as an utmost significance worldwide is a renowned datum; which also needs the improvement of delicate substances employing budget-proficient and ecologically pleasant methods. Consequently, copious exploration has been aimed in the study of methods retaining a potential to wrestle these widespread essentials. Material engineering processes have advanced as a feasible substitute for conventional steel fragment construction methods. CE has experienced an extraordinary advancement throughout the previous three decades. It was originally utilised uniquely as a state-of-the-art reserve of the paradigm. Referable to the expertise development which permits merging countless engineering procedures for the output of a modified portion that employed intricate configurations, CE expertise has got cumulative responsiveness. As such, this article intends to furnish a comprehensive appraisal of chemical fabrication progressions for steel substance evolution utilised in different applications. The inspection encompasses the current advancement of CE know-hows, a detailed taxonomy and classification of manufacturing operations. The focal point of the upcoming perspective of CE in substance investigation and application is further deliberated


1980 US Census zip code files were used to examine the geographic distribution of persons with characteristics associated with an "underclass." The following questions were asked: to what extent are persons with characteristics associated with the underclass residentially segregated from the mainstream population and how does this differ from residential segregation based on race or on poverty status; what are some of the determinants of the degree of residential segregation of certain groups; and how do measures of the size of the underclass based on zip code areas compare with those based on census tracts. The study is part of a larger project in which an effort is being made to determine the extent of underclass behavior based on individual data from the National Longitudinal Survey Youth Cohort (NLSY). The NLSY provides observations on an array of behavioral characteristics that are typically associated with the underclass e.g. longterm welfare dependence. Data from the 1980 Census zip code files were merged with the NLSY. Indices of residential segregation across zip codes were calculated for each of the 318 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs). Dissimilarity indices revealed only mild segregation by poverty status receipt of public assistance female family headship labor force attachment or high school dropout rates in most SMSAs. This was in marked contrast to the high degree of residential segregation found between blacks and whites and Puerto Ricans and whites. The regression analysis suggests that the degree of racial segregation was related positively to the proportion black in an SMSA to the share of black families headed by a woman and to the extent to which black males are not attached to the labor force. About 240 zip codes were designated as underclass. These zip codes contained 1.8 million persons or 0.8% of the US population. The New York City SMSA accounted for 23% of the underclass population. Additionally blacks Puerto Ricans and low educated persons were disproportionately represented.


Starting patients with early RA on triple combination therapy with DMARDs, rather than escalating therapy with a step-wise approach, significantly improves disease activity and functional ability over 2 years, according to a new study.


A method of sampling commercially-treated grassland is described and the yield-responses following the application of gas liquor and other fertilisers are discussed. Investigations on the scorch effect of the liquor are reported and further developments in its use in agriculture are given in outline.


. Because hydrotreating (HDT) of FCC gasoline is one of the important processes used to prepare such gasoline for blending, the development of a catalyst for this process is of great interest. Currently, the industrial HDT of FCC gasoline con-sists of two stages and the creation of a new catalyst for one-stage HDT will make this process more efficient. Recently, our group has developed the CoMo/Al 2 O 3 -ASA catalyst and studied the influence of Si/Al ratio on the target reactions of HDT process. Despite the high selectivity and activity, the catalyst with ASA is not applicable in industry because of its low strength. The present work moves forward to study the influence of the ASA content in the catalyst support and clarify the possibility to develop the catalyst that combines high activity and selectivity in HDT reactions with successful performance. Here we show that the CoMo catalyst with ASA/Al 2 O 3 molar ratio 1/1 in the support is the best combination for FCC gasoline hydrotreatment due to exceptional properties of the catalyst composition.


Received: 21 May 2020 Accepted: 23 July 2020 A computer-based method is presented in this paper to define brain tumor using MRI images. The main classification motive is to identify a brain into a healthy brain or classify a brain with a tumor when a patient's MRI images are given. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important one among the common imaging treatments, which presents more detailed brain tumor identification information and provides detailed pictures of inside your body other than computed tomography (CT). Currently, CNNs is a famous technique to deal with most of the problems with image classification as they provide greater accuracy compared to other classifiers. Hbridized CNN has been used in this work. It consists of three convolution layers and three max pooling layers which could provide outrated performance. Images from open databases such as BRATS were tested on brain MRI images. The proposed model has given the improved performance over the existing model with an accuracy of 96.15%.


According to the general train of thoughts of risk analysis and its reality of application to the research on the development of rocket weapon, a new thought is put up forward, that is, firstly, the rough set theory is selected to process the hierarchy risk elements discriminated by experts, secondly, the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) of system engineering theory is used to analyze the risk. By this method, the risk analysis for certain rockets system improvement project is achieved. The risk model and ISM of this program are built, which can be used to find the inherent relation behind the complicated risk elements. And by this ISM built for such rocket risk analysis, the risk management advices for the improvement of this style rockets are obtained.


The Internet has been growing in importance both to
 individuals and to organizations. For the companies, a website on
 the Internet represents a possibility of new business, and for the
 not-for-profit organizations it represents greater amplitude to its
 social actions. The cultural sector, that normally is also
 not-for-profit, is using this channel to services, communication
 and to spread the public access to its cultural actions, according
 to its mission. This work analyses the importance of websites to
 art museums. Some aspects are considered, like virtualization of
 museums and the possibilities open to the manager of the museum. As
 a conclusion, the work makes some considerations about the future
 of websites towards interactivity.


Physical properties of plant and animal materials :structure, physical characteristics, and mechanical properties , Physical properties of plant and animal materials :structure, physical characteristics, and mechanic... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


The differential quadrature method based on spline functions (SDQM), considered as a piecewise polynomials of any degree, is proposed in the paper. The conditions for the determination of the interpolation function are presented. The symbolic computing has been employed to determine the weighting coefficients for the SDQM. The method has been examined in the vibration analysis of a plate. Effects of the spline degree, the number of nodes, the grid point distribution and two types of end conditions on the accuracy and convergence have been investigated in the example. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This research is aimed to study the effect of partially cured acrylonitrile butadiene styrene rubber (NBR) blended with natural rubber (NR) and vulcanized with sulfur system. The research started with compounding NBR with zinc chloride, ZnCl2 in an internal mixer. The cure characteristic of the NBR compound was investigated using moving die rheometer (MDR). The compound NBR is then blended in NR at 160 °C. The temperature was then lowered to 50 °C before the addition of sulfur cure additives. Cure characteristic of the rubber blends were investigated and found that the increasing of NBR caused shortened in scorch time. Rubber blends morphology was investigated using SEM. NBR was found dispersed in NR phase. The particle size of dispersed NBR was increased with its content. This is due to high viscosity of NBR and hence larger particles will be obtained. The de-bonding at the interface was shown in SEM micrograph. The compound is then filled with fragrance absorbed fumed silica. The fragrance silica was added during milling of NBR and NR. The releasing behavior of fragrance was found dependent upon NBR/NR ratio.


Electric energy is fundamental in different sectors of a society's development; electric energy is used in all types of industries and economic sectors and is essential in people's homes, so access to a quality electric energy service in the city or in rural areas provides a reference index of a territory's level of development. For this reason, electricity transmission is considered one of the most relevant factors for improving the quality of life of the inhabitants of a country with a high poverty index. Electric power is a service that must be transmitted in a guaranteed manner with high standards of quality, reliability, and availability. This supports the economic development of a nation. This research focused on studying the efficiency of an organization that provides the service of transformation and transportation of electrical energy in Colombia and through this study to impact professionals, higher education institutions and companies to ensure their presence in the market, improving the quality of their graduates in different areas of knowledge such as physics and engineering and in parallel to provide companies with a guide that allows organizations dedicated to the electricity sector in Colombia to comply with existing regulations. This work highlights the need to perform mechanical, electrical, instrumental, operational and management processes with high standards for companies that provide electric power transmission service with equipment operating at voltages above 220 kV. Additionally, this research aims to establish a guide that allows organizations dedicated to the electric sector in Colombia to comply with current regulations.