Background: YS-ON-001 is a complex containing synthetic double-strand RNA, a toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist. TLR3 agonist stimulates antigen-presenting cells, increases T, NK, NKT cells and decreases regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), reprogrames macrophages from protumorigenic to anti-tumor. YS-ON-001 is being evaluated for systemic and intratumoral use alone or combined with checkpoint inhibitor to treat cancer. Method: The anti-tumor efficacy of systemically or intratumorally ( it ) injected YS-ON-001 alone or in combination with PD-1 antagonist was assessed in several syngeneic tumor models including pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumors were implanted into left and/or right flanks while only one tumor was injected with YS-ON-001. YS-ON-001 was administered by IM injection every other day or it injection twice a week. Murine PD-1 antibody was infused intraperitoneally ( ip ) once a week. In addition to body weight, tumor volume was monitored on both flanks. Surviving mice with unnoticeable tumor were rechallenged. Flow cytometry was used to analyze immune cells from the tumors including T, NK, NKT cells, macrophages 1 and 2, Tregs, and MDSCs. Results: Within tumor microenvironment YS-ON-001 IM monotherapy resulted in increased infiltration of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, NK cells and NKT cells, reduced Tregs and MDSCs, and increased the M1/M2 ratio, leading to significant tumor growth inhibition in more than 10 cancer models. Combination of YS-ON-001 im with anti-PD1 ip resulted in greater anti-tumor efficacy compared to anti-PD1 monotherapy in both 4T1 breast cancer and LLC2 lung cancer models. Rejecting tumor rechallenge in surviving mice from the initial challenge treated with IM YS-ON-001suggested long-term anti-tumor immunity. Monotherapy of YS-ON-001 it or anti-PD-1 ip significantly suppresses tumor growth not only at the primary injection site, but also at uninjected site (p it with anti-PD-1 ip significantly enhanced suppressive effect of anti-PD1 at both primary injected and distant uninjected sites. Conclusions: these experiments demonstrated systemic or intratumoral delivery of YS-ON-001 can modulates immune responses in tumor microenvironment by increasing anti-tumor cells in T, NK, NKt cells and decreasing pro-tumor cells in Treg, MDSC, leading to significant tumor growth inhibition. Combination of YS-on-001, IM or It with PD-1 antibodies significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of PD-1 antibodies. These results provide a strong rationale and support clinical development as standalone therapy or in combination with other modalities such checkpoint inhibitors. Citation Format: Zhongkai Shi, Yuan Liu, Yi Zhang. Anti-cancer efficacy of systemic and Intratumoral YS-ON-001 as monotherapy or in combination with checkpoint inhibitor in syngeneic cancer models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4130.


Three polyazamacrocyclic ligands, i.e. 1,5,9-tris[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane (TACD3S), 1,4,7,10-tetrakis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclotridecane (TRI4S) and 1,4,8,11-tetrakis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1,4,8,11-tetrazacyclotetradecane (TE4S), were considered as potential chelators for the medically relevant copper radioisotopes. The ligands have been synthesized through facile, single-step...


ABSTRACT The developmental processes in Crocus sativus L. were studied with the aim of improving cultivation methods. The effects of planting depth on rooting, sprouting, flowering, leaf development, and corn production were investigated. Total rooting and flowering capacities were not affected by planting depth. In the case of shallow planting, contractile roots, whose function is to lower the daughter corms into the ground, formed singly at die base of daughter corms. The sprouting rate was enhanced or reduced by shallow planting in the field, depending on the prevailing climatic conditions. Leaf elongation increased markedly with the planting depth. The number of sprouting buds and hence that of daughter corms decreased with the planting depth. The average size of the daughter corms was inversely related to their number. In the saffron crocus, the fibrous roots are situated at the base of the mother corm. During the growing season, mother corms shrink and their vitality is lost; assimilate translocatio...


The phase of SnO__2 on F-doped SnO_2 conducting glass was characterized by X-Ray diffraction technique(XRD), and the results show that the phases of SnO_2 belong to the tetragonal system and its average diameter is 32.35 nm.The chemical composition was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and the experiment results indicate that the main compositions of the glass surface are Sn and O and the element F has not been found. It is further found out that Sn exists in the same chemical state of Sn~~(4+)for both unirradiated and irradiated samples,that two types of O can be distinguished by Gaussian fitting,which are corresponding to the oxygen sufficient region and the oxygen deficient region respectively,and that the oxygen sufficient region(O__(1s)) decreases with the increase of electron beam irradiation flux.


Moser's worm problem is the unsolved problem in geometry which asks for the minimal area of a region S on the plane which can cover all curves of unit length, assuming that curves may be rotated and translated to fit inside the region. This thesis studies a version of this problem when region S is convex and unit curves to be covered are closed. For example, region S should be able to cover a circle of length 1, a square of side length 1/4, a line interval of length 1/2, and so on. An example of such cover S is the circle of diameter 1, whose area is about 0:7854, but the problem is to find S with minimal area. Recently, Wichiramala constructed a hexagon with this property and area about 0.11023, and this is the current record. On the other hand, it is known that the area of S cannot be less than 0.096694.In this work, we improve the lower bound for area of convex cover S for closed unit arcs from 0.096694 to 0.0975 and then to 0.1 by finding the smallest areas of convex hulls of three carefully chosen closed unit arcs. We do this by combining geometric arguments with numerical methods such as the box-search algorithm. First, we show that the minimal area of a convex hull of a circle with radius 1/2π , a rectangle with perimeter 1 and the equilateral triangle of side 1/3 is at least 0.0975. Next, we perform a systematic search for triples of closed unit arcs which leads to an even better bound. The result of our search suggests to consider circle with radius 1/2π, the rectangle with sides 0.1727 and 0.3273, and the line of length 1/2 . As the main result of this work, we prove that the minimal area of a convex hull of these three closed unit arcs is at least 0.1. This gives 0.1 as the lower bound for the area of S.


"partnership" is interpreted in various ways-often referring to what today is frequently called networking. At times, however, it indicates close ongoing working relationships. This new book is both interesting and informative. Persons who keep up with current missiological developments will want to be familiar with it. It will be a natural and helpful addition to the libraries of mission agencies and of Bible institutes and seminaries. Furthermore, it should provoke both thought and discussion by those engaged in mission strategy planning.


are two-component spinors. We develop an approximate variational approach using collective coordinates (CC) for studying the time dependent response of the solitary waves to these external forces. This approach predicts intrinsic oscillations of the solitary waves, i.e. the amplitude, width and phase all oscillate with the same frequency. The translational motion is also aected, because the soliton position oscillates around a mean trajectory. We then compare the results of the variational approximation with numerical simulations of the NLD equation, and nd a good agreement, if we take into account a certain linear excitation with specic wavenumber that is excited together with the intrinsic oscillations such that the momentum in a transformed NLD equation is conserved. We also solve explicitly the CC equations of the variational approximation in the non-relativistic regime for a homogeneous external force and obtain excellent agreement with the numerical solution of the CC equations.


Volume flow rate, specific isentropic enthalpy difference, rotor outer diameter and rotational speed of a fan can be transformed to speed number and diameter number. These two non-dimensional numbers are related together in the so-called Cordier-diagram. For axial, radial and mixed flow fans, there is a single empirical relationship between both quantities and it is well accepted that this line represents "optimum" fan designs with high efficiency. Based on velocity triangles, a relationship between flow coefficient and pressure coefficient exists. This so-called performance curve captures off-design operating points as well as the design point of a fan. Therefore, the performance curve can be transformed to the Cordier-diagram to predict the relationship between speed number and diameter number. It is shown that the Cordier-line depends mainly on velocity triangles and the common argument of high efficiency, claimed in the majority of the literature, plays only a secondary role. Nevertheless, the requirement of high efficiency influences the fan design for a certain design point. This paper focuses mainly on axial flow fans. It gives a theoretical interpretation of the influence of blade loading criteria and design limits on the Cordier-line: (1) De Haller number, (2) cascade loading parameter, (3) Lieblein diffusion factor, (4) Strscheletzky swirl number. Criterion (1) reflects the minimum velocity ratio to avoid endwall separation in a linear compressor cascade. Criterion (2) is a combination of lift coefficient and cascade solidity. It reflects the aerodynamic loading of the suction side blade boundary layer. Criteria (1) and (2) are included in criterion (3). Finally, criterion (4) indicates the risk of hub separation due to strong swirl flow. The investigation shows that the transformation of these criteria to the Cordier-diagram gives very similar results. Furthermore, it is shown that the axial fan design limits in the Cordier-diagram are represented by certain hub-to-tip radius ratios.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


We consider a wireless sensor network, consisting of N heterogeneous sensors and a fusion center (FC), that is tasked with solving a binary distributed detection problem. Each sensor is capable of harvesting randomly arrived energy and storing it in a finite capacity battery. Sensors are informed of their fading channel states, via a bandwidth- limited feedback channel from the FC. Each sensor has the knowledge of its current battery state and its channel state (quantized channel gain). Our goal is to study how sensors should choose their transmit powers such that J-divergence of the received signal densities under two hypotheses at the FC is maximized, subject to certain (battery and power) constraints. We derive the optimal power map, which depends on the energy arrival rate, the battery capacity, and the battery states probabilities at the steady state. Using the optimal power map, each sensor optimally adapts its transmit power, based on its battery state and its channel state. Our simulation results demonstrate the performance of our proposed power adaptation scheme for different system parameters.


A continuously variable transmission (CVT) with an inner spherical traction drive was conceptually designed for bicycle usage. The range of the overall speed ratio is from 1.0 to 4.5. The rated power and pedal speed are 100 Watts and 6 rad/s, respectively. The peculiar packageability, high-level power efficiency and high torque capacity were considered in the design process. A compact CVT that can be installed within a 244×125×160㎣ space and is above 0.9 in efficiency for the rated values was numerically designed. The distribution of efficiency according to the input torque and input speed were calculated. Gradeability in the prescribed operation mode was simulated.


In the late 1960s, there were more than a quarter of a million individuals with mental retardation/ developmental disabilities in state institutions. During the next 30 years, the number of residents decreased by more than 75% (Anderson, Lakin, Mangan, & Prouty, 1998). Changing social policies, favorable legislation for people with disabilities, and class-action legal decisions, which delineated the rights of individuals with mental retardation, have led to deinstitutionalization (i.e., mainstreaming, establishment of community-oriented group residences and enhanced personal family residential settings) and closure of many state-run large facilities. Many of the community residential facilities are too small in size to provide services within the residence. As a consequence, the monitoring of health care can be difficult when the delivery of service and health records are disseminated among multiple providers and locations. Thus, although most infants, children, and adolescents with mental retardation live with their natural or foster parents, pediatric and general practitioners may need to interact with a large and varied group of health providers. The success of community-based health programs, therefore, depends on: x The capacity to organize and maintain the services and health records of these ''new'' community residents and increasing numbers of youngsters with mental retardation/developmental disabilities in existing community families. x The ability of pediatric and general practitioners, who provide consultation and medical ''gatekeeping'' services for the population with mental retardation/developmental disabilities, to recognize and identify the wider range of needed health services—including preventive and restorative dental care. x The availability of private practitioners who are (a) convenient and accessible to the deinstitutionalized individuals and (b) are trained and willing to provide the needed care.


It's coming again, the new collection that this site has. To complete your curiosity, we offer the favorite british airships past present and future book as the choice today. This is a book that will show you even new to old thing. Forget it; it will be right for you. Well, when you are really dying of british airships past present and future, just pick it. You know, this book is always making the fans to be dizzy if not to find.


In spite of the vast amount of research that has been done on the bionomics and control of Aedes aegypti, very little was known until recently about its genetics. The tendency had been to assume that long-established laboratory stocks were necessarily homogeneous and were expected to yield repeatable results at all times and in all places. In 1957, Mattingly had pointed out that A. aegypti was highly variable, and showed that three colour forms were recognizable: the subspecies formosus (black), the type form (brownish in colour) and var. queenslandensis (rather pale in colour). There were differences in the choice of breeding-places (peridomestic or natural), in host preference and in proportions entering houses. Christophers (1960) stated in his review on A. aegypti that no mutant forms appeared to have been described for this species.


Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of increased concern because of their bioaccumulation in humans and the biota, the health risk they pose to humans and other animals, and their persistence in the environment. In the present study, the occurrence of PFAS in selected tissues from pike (Esox lucius L.) and roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) collected from two lakes in the Masurian Lake District (Poland) in eastern Europe was addressed. Ten PFAS were analyzed in the tissue of the brain, liver, kidneys, gonads, and muscles by micro‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Only perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorodecanoic acid were detected above the limit of quantification. Concentrations in pike and roach from Ełckie Lake and Hańcza Lake were estimated to be 14/27 and 4.4/3.2 ng/g wet weight, respectively. The contributions of PFOS and PFOA to the sum of PFAS calculated for particular tissues for each fish species were higher than those of the other analyzed compounds: PFOS was found to be predominant in fish from Ełckie Lake, whereas PFOA predominated in fish from Hańcza Lake. It was noted that PFAS concentrations in tissues declined in the following order: kidney > gonads ≈ brain > liver > muscle. The sum of the greatest estimated PFAS concentration was 9.7 ng/g wet weight in kidneys of pike collected from Hańcza Lake. No correlation was noted between PFAS concentration and fish size. The information provided in our study gives a better understanding of the potential dependencies in PFAS distribution and accumulation in biota. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3317–3327. © 2021 SETAC


Strategic analysis of recent global news on strategy and innovation. Today's entry: A partnership between GE and Local Motors represents one of the first large-scale open-innovation and "crowdsourcing" programs for a Fortune 500 manufacturing company.


. The main aim of this paper is to show those strategies and proof methods we try to teach in secondary maths education through an interesting geometric problem: Find a relation for the sides of a triangle where an angle is the double of another angle. Is the converse also true? Is it possible to generalize the problem? We try to answer these questions while discussing the upcoming di(cid:14)culties in detail and presenting more possible solutions. Hopefully the paper can be successfully used in study group sessions and problem solving seminars in secondary schools.


Capture from pair production is a process in which the high transient electromagnetic field from a relativistic heavy-ion atomic collision produces an electron-positron pair with the electron emerging from the collision bound to the ion. It is a recombination process with unique properties: there is no electron in the initial state, it is observed only at relativistic energies, it has a cross section that increases with increasing beam energy and is predicted to be the dominant source of beam loss at RHIC to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We report, for the first time, the observation and measurement of electron capture from e{sup +}e{sup -} pair production. The experiment was performed at the LBL-Bevalac using 956 MeV/u U92+ ions on Au, Ag and Cu targets. The results of this experiment will be presented and the cross sections will be compared with theory.


What is the student of politics to make of the revival of protectionism and the new mood of economic nationalism of which it is widely held to be a symptom? It is reasonably clear why nationalism raises problems for economists: for orthodox Marxists it entrenches false consciousness and delays the final crisis of capitalism; for liberals it frustrates the optimal allocation of resources by substituting group sentiment for the rational pursuit of individual self-interest and by endowing political frontiers with an economic significance to which their economic theory is opposed. But it is not self-evident that the assumptions on which the great neo-classical systems are built are the most helpful for understanding the phenomenon of economic nationalism or for evaluating the nature of the problem which it poses for international society. Since Marx himself was profoundly uninterested in the great debate between free trade and protection, while contemporary Marxist-Leninist governments all pursue economic policies which are unambiguously nationalist, I shall confine myself to the debate within the liberal tradition.


Many boat ramps in Central Queensland are only accessible in the upper half of the tidal cycle. Currently predicting when the ramp is accessible is a mixture of local knowledge and some educated guesses. Central Queensland, like most areas in Queensland has experienced a huge growth in recreational boating. This has increased pressure on the boat ramp access and created demand for greater use of marginal ramps. The ability to optimize the use of availability time at these ramps may reduce the pressure on more established ramps.

The aim of this study is to predict access times at tide dependent boat-ramps using a novel and innovative method at three locations in central Queensland. Two models were tested.

At each site sea level was recorded at regular time intervals. This was done once during one of the larger tides of the month, and again during one of the smaller tides. From each set of data, the time that the boat-ramp was accessible (access window) and the actual time of the high tide was derived. A comparison was made between the observed windows and the simultaneously obtained times and amplitudes of the same tide at a nearby standard port, Mackay Outer Harbour (MoH). Model 1 used the relationship between the measured access windows at each site, and the predicted amplitudes at MoH. Model 2, in an attempt to negate some of the meteorological impacts, used the actual recorded amplitudes at MoH rather than the predicted as in Model 1. Each model than used the MoH predicted time and amplitude of a tide to predict access times at each site for that same tide.

This study showed that from a two tide observation at each location and using nearby standard port tide table, the access times was predicted at two of the three test sites. Model 1 and 2 produced similar predictions. It also showed that access times and lag vary accordingly to the amplitude of the tide. It also suggests that atmospheric factors can influence the arrival and departure times of tides.

Currently, to do an accurate prediction of tide levels, a full harmonic analysis of a particular location is required. This is usually a continuous observation of the tidal cycle for 29 days. Trends of diminishing Government resources means the communities can't rely on government agencies to provide this information for all sites. Using this method many more tide restricted boat ramps can have an adequate predictor of access times for a fraction of the cost of a full harmonic analysis.


The problem of obtaining suitable material for the determination of the antibody content of tissues or organs has usually been met by grinding the tissues with sand and extracting in a solvent, either physiological saline alone or equal parts of the saline solution and glycerine. The method is tedious and the material obtained has already undergone dilution which is not always desirable. The ease with which tissue juices are obtained by pressure in certain experiments carried out by Dr. Foster of the Department of Biochemistry suggested to us the possibility of extracting organs by this procedure for use in immunological experiments. The method consists in placing the tissue in an hydraulic press and extracting its fluid content under a pressure of approximately 16,000 pounds per square inch. The method may be used for any organ but is particularly serviceable in extracting skin and subcutaneous tissue where the large amount of connective tissue makes other methods of extraction difficult. The tissue to be extracted is cut into pieces and mixed with a large volume of portions of filter paper about 1 cm. square. The whole mixture is cut up further until it consists of a grumous mass of filter paper which has absorbed all the bits of tissue to it. The filter paper offers traction and prevents the tissues from sliding out of the press. This mixture of filter paper and tissue is then wrapped in a piece of cheese cloth and is ready to be pressed for the extraction of its fluid content. The press used is an hydraulic press manufactured by Fred S. Carver of New York City, capable of exerting a pressure of 20,000 pounds per square inch.


In this paper, the end-to-end packet error rate (PER) performance of a space-time block code (STBC) based multi-hop cooperative relaying system is discussed. This system consists of a source, a destination, and two STBC based cooperative relays in each hop. These relays decode their received packets and forward the packets only when no error is found. In this system, there are conditions where the end-to-end PER performance improves with the number of hops. The theoretical end-to-end PER performance of this system have been derived analytically. However, in real-world wireless systems, various practical issues, e.g., timing synchronization and imperfect channel estimation, have a large impact on the performance. To confirm the end-to-end PER performance of this system in actual setup, an in-lab experiment using a fading emulator and four transceivers is performed under Rayleigh fading environment. The experimental results clarify the PER performance of the STBC based multi-hop cooperative relaying system. In addition, the theoretical PER performance is also verified from the experimental results.


Weifang center urban area service have developed very quickly in recent years,the yearly rise is about 20%.Based on the study of the development progress and the present situation description of these industries,the article makes a thorough analysis of the problems existing in the development of these industries,and further-emore puts forward the countermeasure and the suggestion from the micro and macro angle.


Simplified models for thermodynamic calculation and indicator diagrams were established based on the operating feature of screw expander.A screw expander system based on organic Rankine cycle(ORC)using R123 as working medium was applied to power generation with associated hot fluid during oil recovery in Huabei Oil Field.After screening main factors,systematic characteristics under variable conditions were attained,by solving new steady state using iteration,analyzing net power,thermal efficiency and energy destructions.The result shows that superheated vapor leads to the decline of output network,although it benefits the output power per unit working medium.The temperature of inlet cooling water affects system performance most and the higher temperature in hot summer results in great deviation of systematic output from design condition.Ensuring the cooling capacity is an effective way to improve the performance.The influence of the change of heat source temperature is larger than that of mass flow.


There are severe issues for the deficiency of affordable house for low-income earners in developing countries such as Nigeria. The high cost of conventional materials has been established to be one the major factors that heightened the cost of building in recent times. However the integration of green building materials that are relevant and sustainable for building construction in the present dispensation will provide excellent solutions to overcome high price of construction. The study was carried out on all the available green materials in north-central Nigeria. Surveyed instrument was prepared and distributed to building professional experts that are registered member of various professional bodies in the building sector. Four hundred questionnaires were distributed in the north-central zone. Three hundred five questionnaires that were filled correctly was used for the data analyses. Analysis of moments (AMOS) software through the structural equation model (SEM) was used to analysis and generated a model for the study. The result discloses that earth bricks, stone/rocks, timber, Bamboo, thatches, straw fibre, and rice husk are very relevant green materials that can be used to achieve affordable building construction. Therefore, the use and integration of green materials in building construction will produce low cost housing units


[141340-60-5] C18H17NO4 (MW 311.33)

InChI = 1S/C18H17NO4/c20-10-16-13-4-2-1-3-12(13)14-6-5-11(9-15(14)16)19-17(21)7-8-18(22)23/h1-6,9,16,20H,7-8,10H2,(H,19,21)(H,22,23)

InChIKey = PQRYOOAOCNLPGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(linker used for the solid-phase synthesis of biological polymers)

Solubility: soluble in DMF.

Form Supplied in: pale yellow solid, not commercially available.

Preparative Methods: synthesized in five steps from commercially available 2-aminofluorene with an overall yield of 63% (eq 1). The critical step is the formylation reaction, where high quality NaH and anhydrous conditions are essential.1, 2

(1)

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: easy to handle; no special precautions required; can be stored at room temperature.


The molecule of the title compound, [Cd(C9H5O6)2(C12H8N2)], has crystallographic twofold rotation symmetry. The CdII atom, located on the twofold axis, assumes a CdO4N2 distorted octahedral coordination geometry. In the crystal structure, the molecules link to each other by O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding to form a three-dimensional supramolecular network.


This paper emphasizes on the optimal reconfiguration of distribution system in order to decrease the active power losses and in turn enhance the quality of power in the distribution system. The method also helps in improving voltage profile of the system as a whole. The optimization of the system is constrained by the radial configuration format, bus isolation issues and abnormal cases of combinations. The methodology is applied on to the 33 bus test system assuming constant loads and the study findings comprise of the optimal configuration of switches given by genetic algorithm.


. Here, we also describe the use of bimodality of this contrast agent (CA) as a highly efficient CT contrast agent based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) that overcome the limitations of iodine based contrast agent. The MTT assay performed on this CAs reveals the cytotoxicity as low as that for Omniscan


In this study, six regression equations are used to determine the effects of credit and other factors on the nutritional status of boys and girls in Malawi. No significant effects of access to credit on child nutritional status were found. Same-sex parental preference for child nutrition was found. Infrastructural variables are determined to have the most significant influence in reducing child malnutrition levels. Access to credit is a new measure and its limitations are brought out in the study.


We offer a formal model of corporate income tax evasion. While individual tax evasion is essentially a portfolio-selection problem, corporate income tax evasion is much more complicated. When the owner of a firm decides to evade taxes, not only does she risk being detected by the tax authorities, more importantly, the optimal compensation scheme offered to the employees will also be altered. Specifically, due to the illegal nature of tax evasion, the contract offered to the manager is necessarily incomplete. This creates a distortion in the manager's effort and reduces the efficiency of the contract. Tax evasion thus increases the profit retained by the firm not only at the risk of being detected, but also at the cost of efficiency loss in internal control.


Objective To explore the distributive characteristics of incidence for leukemia and to provide scientific reference for its prevention and intervention. Methods Excel 2000 was used to calculate incidence rate and standardized incidence rate of leukemia in Shenyang from 2002 to 2003. SAS6.12 software was used to make significant test.Results The average incidence rate of leukemia was 4.83/105 during 2002 to 2003 in Shenyang. It ranked the ninth in all cancers. There was no significant difference between gender (P0.05).The incidence rate in group aged 75 years was the highest (35.76/105). Among malignant cancers, the ratio of leukemia was higher in patients under 25 years old than that in other age groups, and the ratio was the highest (50.00%) in the age 5 group. Comparison between five districts, the incidence rate of leukemia was the highest in Shenhe district, and it was the lowest in Huanggu, there was statistical significance among districts(χ2=22.171, P=0.001). Conclusion The incidence rate of leukemia, especially in Children and the aged population, was relatively higher in Shenyang. Leukemia was the major malignant tumor in children. So we should pay more attention to the precaution of leukemia in children and the old people.


This paper summarizes,classifies and analyzes the theses anent the quality problem of the librarians since 2003,and points out the existing problems in this field.


This study was conducted to determine the apparent effects of arsenic on rates of mineralization in soil. Soil samples were taken from Black Rock Canyon which has been subjected to pollution from Kennecott Copper Corporation smelter. These samples contained up to 245 ppM arsenic. Control soil samples were taken from the Stansbury Mountains which contained 10 ppM arsenic. Mineralization studies were conducted by adding a constant amount of peptone to soil samples from each site and comparing the rates of ammonification, nitrosofication, and nitrification. Then, concentrations of 50 ppM, 150 ppM and 250 ppM arsenic were added to the Standbury samples and similar mineralization rates were determined. These rates then were compared to the Black Rock Canyon soil samples. Ammonification rates of the Black Rock Canyon and Stansbury samples amended with both peoptone and arsenic were similar. The Black Rock Canyon samples amended with peptone retained about twice the concentration of ammonium as the peptone amended Stansbury samples. The observed effect was attributed to the inhibition of ammonium oxidation in the presence of the added arsenic. Nitrosofication rates in the Black Rock Canyon samples were reduced compared to those of the Stansbury samples. The Stansbury samples treated with arsenic didmore » not show a reduction in the rate of nitrosofication. Generally little nitrite oxidation occurred in the presence of arsenic. Nitrification rates of the Black Rock Canyon samples were much reduced compared to the Stansbury samples. Nitrate accumulation in the Stansbury samples amended with arsenic was 33% to 84% less than that accumulated in the absence of arsenic. 24 references, 13 figures, 3 tables.« less


The principal task of the article is to associate the restoration methods of Russian architect Dmitry Mileev (1878-1914) and Alexander Opolovnikov (1911-1994), who had reached significant achievements in restoration of wooden churches in USSR during 1940-1980s. The comparison of theoretical and practical approaches of Alexander Opolovnikov, Dmitry Mileev and some other early 20 th century Russian architects clearly indicates that the Soviet restoration of wooden architecture after the WWII starts from that point, when this process had been interrupted by the death of Mileev in 1914. This issue makes the role of Dmitry Mileev to be incomparably valuable and essential for the history of Russian architectural restoration. Refs 12.


Globalisation is a phenomenon which permeates all aspects of human endeavors. Language choice patterns manifest this imperative. Against the above backdrop, this paper reports an empirical study of one of the different dimensions of globalisation on language attitudes, language choice pattern, and resultant language shift among youths in Southwestern Nigeria. Through a random sampling of names sourced from the Facebook page of the researcher, the paper examines the linguistic habits of youths on this popular global social medium, specifically with respect to the way Yoruba personal names are written. The data comprises 50 Yoruba personal names from his "friends list" on Facebook. The paper observes a gradual shift to, and preference for the English language (Anglicized name forms) among the younger generation of Yoruba speakers in Southwestern Nigeria. This is reflected in the Anglicization of most Yoruba personal names by Youths on this social platform. The paper concludes that, the effect of globalisation is evident in language choice patterns as represented in the rendition of the data for the study among the sample population. Hence, the need for Nigerian linguists to exploit the opportunities offered by globalisation for the development of Nigerian languages.


Visible light communication (VLC) using LEDs has generated strong research interest recently [1, 2]. Many existing LEDs in display applications can be employed as transmitters for the further deployment of VLC. The first active matrix LED (AMLED) micro-display with an embedded VLC transmitter was reported in [2], with a 5-Mb/s modulation bit rate. This paper presents an AMLED system, consisting of a proposed CMOS pixel driver and a flip-chip bonded blue gallium nitride (GaN) micro-LED (μLED) array with 36×64 pixels of 40×40 μm2, for simultaneous display and VLC applications. Measurement results show that the proposed pixel driver can achieve a 20-Mb/s bit rate at 10 cm, which is four times as large as the 5-Mb/s modulation bit rate in [2].


Higher education institutes are important parts of the community,they have abundant educational resources and the function to serve the society and are important force to build the learning community.To construct learning community relying on the resources of higher education institutes,it should properly deal with the relationship between higher education institutes and the communities,adhere to the principle of mutual benefit,share commonly the resources according to strengthening the guidance of government,integrating and opening educational resources and perfecting the mechanism of communication and management,and harmonize the work from all aspects,so as to promote the cooperation and co-construction between the community and higher education institutes.


In this paper we show theoretically that when a magnetised blood bolus enters a cw NMR excitor coil of length Le at resonance and the signal from the T2-decaying, precessing transverse magnetisation of the flowing blood spins is subsequently detected by a detector coil of length L separated from the excitor coil by a distance !ll, then by recording cw NMR signals at three positions such as !ll = 0, 0.5 and 1.0 em one can eliminate the static tissue signal and measure non-invasively the steady component V0 as well as the total vessel cross section, {3 accurately. The time dependent part of the cw NMR signal which depends on Vpul,e(1), is also dependent on V0 non-linearly unless both Land Le are greater than 50 em and !ll is zero. Finally, methods of obtaining true Vpu,,e(l) from the cw NMR signal after applying proper correction due to the steady flow are discussed.


Objective:To evaluate the result of total arterial myocardial revascularization using composite Y arterial grafts(YAGs) without cardiopulmonary bypass.Method:Between September 2002 and January 2004,42 patients with triple vessel coronary disease underwent off\|pump CABG with YAGs.All patients received sequential grafting by using both left interal mammary arteries(LIMA) and radial arteries(RA)Joined as a composite Y grafts.Intraoperative grafts flow were measured by transit time flow meter technique.Result:No death and no perioperative myocardial infarction occurred in this group.All anastomoses except one(redo the anastomosis was well) showed good flow and pulsatility index(PI).Follow\|up was 2\|17 months,and the result was satisfactory.Conclusion:The composite Y arterial grafts using LIMA and RA do not affect the flow of LIMA with good blood flow and YAG-OPCABG provide excellent early clinical results. [


Two-color laser irradiation is considered an effective way to pump THz excitations for numerous scientific and applied goals. We present a design for convenient laser source with THz intermode frequency separation. The setup is based on dye laser with superthin resonator pumped by a subnanosecond pulse laser. It was proven that the superthin resonator dye laser is useful, possesses high stability and high energy conversion, and generates narrow laser modes. The ability of this laser to pump CARS processes for THz vibrations is demonstrated.


The information management of municipal civil affairs is based on a large number of accurate, complete, secure information resources. The civil affairs databases are crucial to communication or information-sharing in different government departments and also to the citizens' civil information-searching. Based on the characteristics of the municipal civil affairs system's information management, this paper analyzes the processes and contents in different construction stages. It also puts forward the norm for municipal civil affairs information standardization and the concrete solutions to the function model design and application, which could be some reference to the information resources' database construction of the municipal civil affairs bureaus.


The LLL linac monochromatic photon facility is used for measurements, which to date have included at least some data on the eight isotopes: /sup 232/Th, /sup 233/U, /sup 234/U, /sup 235/U, /sup 236/U, /sup 237/Np, /sup 238/U, and /sup 239/Pu. Photofission events are determined from an analysis of the emitted neutron multiplicity distributions as determined with the LLL 4..pi.. neutron detector. A sampling of data taken to date is included and is organized as follows: low-energy photofission cross sections, neutrino and fission neutron multiplicity distribution width parameter data, ring-ratio multiplicity coincidence data, delayed-neutron fraction data, and photonuclear and photofission cross sections. 2 refs., 32 figs.


Market-leading UK multi-channel retailer, High Street TV (Group) Limited, has strengthened its directorial team with the appointment of new marketing ...


BACKGROUND
Adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease but have suboptimal responses to the recommended pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) may improve immunogenicity in this population, and a donor vaccination strategy may benefit patients undergoing HSCT.

METHODS
Sixty-four pairs of donors and recipients scheduled to undergo HSCT were randomized to receive either PPV23 or PCV7. Vaccinations were administered to donors before transplantation and to recipients at 6 months after transplantation. Serotype-specific antipneumococcal titers were measured in donors at the time of harvest and in recipients before transplantation and 6 and 12 months after transplantation.

RESULTS
Overall, immunogenicity was poor with both strategies. However, at 6 months, response to at least 1 serotype was seen in 0 (0%) of 19 and 8 (38.6%) of 21 evaluable recipients whose donors had received PPV23 and PCV7, respectively (P=.003). At 12 months, response was seen in 10 (55.6%) of 18 and 20 (90.9%) of 22 HSCT recipients who had received PPV23 and PCV7, respectively (P=.02). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that, at 12 months after transplantation, the type of vaccine given was the only significant factor affecting response, with an odds ratio of 8.85 (95% confidence interval, 1.62-47.6; P=.012) favoring PCV7.

CONCLUSION
A donor and recipient paired vaccination strategy with PCV7 demonstrated safety and greater immunogenicity than did a similar strategy with PPV23.


Our field studies had been carried out after in vitro antibiogram of E. coli to compare the effect of pulmotil (macroloide), enerofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) and doxycycline (tetracycline) in controlling mycoplasma and E. coli as a cause of CRD in broilers. The drugs were used in single or in combination. Two doses at the 3 rd and 23 rd day of age on performance of commercial broiler Ross derived from mycoplasma SPA-test positive breeders and E. coli positive isolation at the 1 st day of age. The prevalence of marked air sac gross lesions in non treated control group indicated the development of CRD and severity of lesions increased with age. The used drugs played a role in controlling infection as treated groups showed milder lesions while more sever lesions were in doxycycline treated group. Protection against mortality was less in the treated pins than untreated ones. Cumulative culls % was low (1.1) in pen treated with enrofloxacin, (1.5) in pulmotil + enrofloxacin, (1.6) in doxycycline, and (1.7) in pulmotil + enrofloxacin; while pulmotil and control were the same (2.2%). Losses expressed as total mortality and culls % were the lowest in pulmotil + enrofloxacin and enrofloxacin (3.2 and 3.6), other treated pins showed the same values (4.2), while the highest was in non treated ones (5.8%). Average Body wt. in pulmotil + enrofloxacin, pulmotil, and enrofloxacin treated pens were higher (1934, 1924 and 1819 gm) than doxycycline (1802 gm), Pulmotil + Doxycycline (1705 gm) and non treated control (1708 gm). CFCR in pulmotil or enrofloxacin and in combination medicated pens were higher than other treatments and non medicated pen. Average day/ week/ gain in control non treated was equal to that of pulmotil or enrofloxacin (65g), slight lower value was in their combination (63g) followed by 58 g in doxycycline. The lowest ADG /w/g value was in pulmotil + doxycycline (52 g). Calculated EEF of treated and non medicated pens were higher than > 280. The medicated pens with either pulmotil or/ enrofloxacin and there compilation were superior (333, 313 and 330; respectively) and close to the farm stander (346). This study pointed out that E. coli, and Mycoplasma with life ND vaccine reduced broiler performance and the used drugs were of values in control such infections. The in vitro antibiotics sensitivity testing of E. coli is important to obtain good results and drug combinations must be carefully performed.


The organizational training and education's role are significant in the success of organization in a long-term view. This study examined the relationship among education service quality, experience quality and organizational loyalty. The model is tested on an effective sample of 150 samples were used for this empirical analysis. In order to verify the hypothesized research model, the collected data were analyzed with structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 2.0 and SPSS 20.0. The findings suggested that the most important issues within a company training and educational service are assurance, tangibles and reliability. Furthurmore, the SERPVAL did not direct effect on loyalty.


The Lip prints are unique and distinguishable for every individual like fingerprints. Lip prints has been utilised in court at very few instances, more and more research need to be conducted in this field with regards to use of lip prints in personal identification and criminal investigation, it will certainly help as useful evidence in Identification and a tool to solve crime. The present study was aimed to study lip prints of different individuals in various quadrants of lip. The study group comprised of 50 males and 50 females. The materials used were lipstick, white bond paper and a magnifying lens. Present study shows that lip-prints are unique to an individual and behold the potential to act as a tool to solve crime.


Algorithmic trading, high frequency trading (HFT) in particular, has drawn a lot of interests within the computer science community. Market making is one of the most common type of high frequency trading strategies. Market making strategies provide liquidity to financial markets, and in return, profit by capturing the bid-ask spread. The profitability of a market making strategy is dependent on its ability to adapt to demand fluctuations of the underlying asset. In this paper, we attempt to use deep belief network to forecast trade direction and size of future contracts. The ability to predict trade direction and size enables automated market maker to manage inventories more intelligently.


Common-mode voltages (CMVs) can lead to premature failure of the motor insulation system in medium-voltage current-source-fed drives. By analyzing the CMV values at all switching states under different operating conditions of a current-source-inverter (CSI)-based motor drive, this paper first indicates that the CMV peaks are produced by the zero states in most of the cases. The nonzero-state (NZS) modulation techniques employed in voltage-source converters are adapted for use in a space-vector-modulated current-source converter (CSC) to reduce the CMV magnitude. For NZS modulation in CSCs, the nearest three-state (NTS) modulation sequences are designed with good low-order harmonic performances in their linear modulation region of ma ≥ 0.67 and with no increase in the device switching frequency. A combined active-zero-state (AZS) modulation technique is also proposed as compensation, for a lower modulation index in the range of 0.4-0.67, when a compromise is made between the dc-link current minimization and high input power factor control. The simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the CMV reduction effects and harmonic performances of the NTS and combined AZS modulation methods in CSI-fed drives.


: We introduce an application-specific circuit that can be programmed to ef-ficiently perform blind carrier phase recovery for different modulation formats. A circuit implementation that supports QPSK/16/32/64QAM is evaluated. © 2021 The Author(s)


1 Agricultural Economics, Department of Social Sciences, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Agricultural Economics, Department of Social Sciences and Academic Coordinator in Education cell 3 Agricultural Economics, Department of Social Sciences 4 Statistics, Department of Social Sciences, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India


The gross theory of nuclear /3-decay developed by Yamada, Takahashi and Koyama for allowed transitions is extended to include the first forbidden transitions. The effect of the giant-resonance is taken into consideration by using sum rules. The /3-strength functions of both allowed and first forbidden transitions and the /3-decay half-lives are calculated. It is shown that the theory can explain the gross properties of the first ·forbidden transitions as well as the allowed ones. In particular, the theoretical /3-strength functions of neutron deficient heavy nuclei are compatible with experimental data recently obtained by Hansen et al. It is also shown that the first forbidden transitions often predominate over the allowed transitions in heavy nuclei.


is removed during these months, the stem bases apparently use stored food from the roots. Fruit development is an unlikely cause for the depressed herbage yield of needleandthread during July and August, since seed were cast in June. Fruit development obviously did not depress the yield of squirreltail. Several researchers have shown that developing fruits account for only a small part of the, carbohydrates lost during fruiting (Jameson, 1963). Possibly the plants referred to in Jameson's review lost large quantities of carbohydrates because of high respiratory rates. This also might have been the cause for the depressed herbage yields of needleandthread in this study. In other studies needle and thread responded to treatment earlier in the season when it was clipped (Pearson, 1964) and when it was burned (Wright and Klemmedson, 1965). The difference in response relates to moisture. The earlier work was done in 1960, a dry year, whereas this work was done in 1962, a wet year. Wet years seem WRIGHT


One of the fundamental assumptions of the efficient market hypothesis and the modern portfolio theory are both Gaussian probability distribution and the independence of returns. This paper provides a brief historical review of efforts dealing with capital markets emphasizing their efficiency and counter-tendencies whose goal was to falsify the assumption of independence of returns and their normal distribution. This paper applies a measure of long-range dependence rediscovered and promoted by Mandelbrot to daily returns of 27 selected stock indices. This measure is called Hurst exponent and was estimated using rescaled range analysis. The results are in line with similar papers stating that the series of daily returns are prevailingly persistent which implies the presence of local trends. Such a finding falsifies the assumption of random walk in stock prices.


Schwannomas are benign peripheral nerve tumors, presenting as solitary tumors mostly in head and neck region followed by upper and lower extremities. Various variants of Schwannomas have been described as: cellular, plexiform, ancient and psammomatouse. Plexiform Schwannoma (PS) is an unusual and rare variant of Schwannoma. They are usually more cellular and therefore also qualify as cellular schwannomas. Surgical excision with complete tumor removal with safe margin is the usual mode of treatment of PS. Schwannomas, including the plexiform variant, are benign and do not recur when completely excised. PS can be easily confused, and misdiagnosed as plexiform neurofibroma (PN), and thus may be misinterpreted as a sarcoma arising in a plexiform neurofibroma. It is critical to differentiate a PS from a PN because the latter is pathognomonic of Neurofibromatosis (NF) and carries significant risk of malignant transformation. Here we present a case of planter PS and review the literature.


Abstract. In this paper the Cross-Power Spectral density function and the Cross-correlation function are reconstructed by the (complex) Fractional Spectral Moments. It will be shown that with the aid of Fractional spectral moments both Cross-Power Spectral Denstity and CrossCorrelation function may be represented in the whole domains of frequency (for Cross-Power Spectral Density) and time domain (for Cross-Correlation Function).


The notion of s-points was introduced by the authors in [SIAM J. Math. Anal., 39 (2008), pp. 1821–1850] in connection with the control problem for the dynamical system governed by the three-dimensional acoustical equation $u_{tt}-\Delta u+qu=0$ with a real potential $q\in C^\infty_0(\mathbb{R}^3)$ and controlled by incoming spherical waves. In the generic case, this system is controllable in the relevant sense, whereas $a\in\mathbb{R}^3$ is called an s-point (we write $a\in\Upsilon_q$) if the system with the shifted potential $q_a=q(\,\cdot-a)$ is not controllable. Such a lack of controllability is related to the subtle physical effect: in the system with the potential $q_a$, there exist the finite energy waves vanishing in the past and future cones simultaneously. The subject of this paper is the set $\Upsilon_q$: we reveal its relation to the factorization of the S-matrix, connections with the discrete spectrum of the Schrodinger operator $-\Delta+q$, and the jet degeneration of the polynomially growing...


Oil pollution in soil-groundwater systems is difficult to remove, and a large amount of residual oil is trapped in the low permeable layer of the heterogeneous aquifer. Aromatic hydrocarbons in oil have high toxicity and low solubility in water, which are harmful to the ecological environment. Chemotactic degrading bacteria can perceive the concentration gradient of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) pollutants in the groundwater environment, and enrich and proliferate around the pollutants, thus achieving a more efficient and thorough remediation effect. However, the existing theoretical models are relatively simple. The physical fields of oil–water two-phase flow and oil-phase solute convection and diffusion in water are not coupled, which further restricts the accuracy of studies on bacterial chemotaxis to NAPL. In this study, geometric models based on the actual microfluidic experimental study were constructed. Based on the phase field model, diffusion convection equation and chemotaxis velocity equation, the effects of heterogeneity of porous media, wall wettability and groundwater flow rate on the residual oil and the concentration distribution of chemotaxis bacteria were studied. Under all of the simulation conditions, the residual oil in the high permeable area was significantly lower than that in the low permeable area, and the wall hydrophilicity enhanced the water flooding effect. Chemotactic bacteria could react to the concentration gradient of pollutants dissolved into water in the oil phase, and enrich near the oil–water interface with high concentration of NAPL, and the density of chemotactic bacteria at the oil–water interface can be up to 1.8–2 times higher than that in the water phase at flow rates from 1.13 to 6.78 m/d.


Thrombocytopenia (TCP) of chronic hepatitis C patients with cirrhosis has a negative impact on the management of interferon‐based treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of telaprevir‐based triple therapy for patients who have undergone splenectomy (Spx).


Abstract. A reflectivity forward operator and its associated tangent linear and adjoint operators (together named RadZIceVar) were developed for variational data assimilation (DA). RadZIceVar can analyze both rainwater and ice-phase species (snow and graupel) by directly assimilating radar reflectivity observations. The results of three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) DA experiments with a 3 km grid mesh setting of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model showed that RadZIceVar was effective at producing an analysis of reflectivity pattern and intensity similar to the observed data. Two to three outer loops with 50–100 iterations in each loop were needed to obtain a converged 3D analysis of rainwater, snow, and graupel, including the melting layers with mixed-phase hydrometeors. The deficiencies in the analysis using this operator could be caused by the poor quality of the background fields and the use of the static background error covariance, and these issues can be partially resolved by using radar-retrieved hydrometeors in a preprocessing step and tuning the spatial correlation length scales of the background errors. The direct radar reflectivity assimilation using RadZIceVar also improved the short-term (2 h–5 h) precipitation forecasts compared to those of the experiment without DA.


International Comparison of Product Certification and Verification Methods for Appliances Nan Zhou, John Romankiewicz, David Fridley, Nina Zheng China Energy Group Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory June 2012 This work was supported by the Collaborative Labeling & Appliance Standards Program (CLASP) through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.


m . m. From Lemma 3.4 in Cohen, Kemperman and Sackrowitz 1993 , y y m. m. . p m. m. m. m. m. z g y C ( U , since y y z g C. Also we have y y z g m H m. m. m. . p mq1. . p m. m. U , hence y y z g y C ; y C. Then y y z g m mq1. . p y C ( U. mq 1 m. m. m. m. . By decomposing y s z q y y z and applying Lemma 3.5 in . 5 m. m. .5 2 5 m. Cohen, Kemperman and Sackrowitz 1993 , y y p y rU G z mq 1 m. .5 2 m. . m. . 5 mq1. 5 2 y p z rU , but p y rU s p z rU , therefore y G mq 1 mq1 mq1 5 mq1. 5 2 z . The main results in the corrected paper are given under more general


In recent years, the demand for hydrogen trains has increased following the successful commercialisation of hydrogen fuel cell-based trains in Germany. To support the growing business case, an established hydrogen infrastructure for refuelling is required to meet the demand-supply. This paper aims to investigate the techno-economic assessment of hydrogen refuelling stations (HRS) powered by renewable resources and a power grid to supply the trains' hydrogen demand. The HRS sizing is based on the estimated demand loading for a 1-day operations train throughout a regional line in Malaysia and the availability of renewable resources at the proposed facility location. The simulation using MOHRES software resulted to be composed of a 2.0 MW-PEM Electrolyser, producing 900 kg of hydrogen, stored in hydrogen storage. The financial analysis of the total life span cost (TLSC) for the overall system resulted in $36M, indicating the potential hydrogen market for hydrogen infrastructure in Malaysia is feasible.


This study integrates the concept of context-awareness with association algorithms and social media to establish the Context-aware and Social Recommendation System (CASRS). The Simple RSSI Indoor Localization Module (SRILM) locates the user position; integrating SRILM with Apriori Recommendation Module (ARM) provides effective recommended product information. The Social Media Recommendation Module (SMRM) connects to users social relations, so that the effectiveness for users to gain product information is greatly enhanced. This study develops the system based on actual context.


This work presents a methodology for modelling and simulating aquatic ecological systems and an associated methodology and software for creating Decision Support Systems (DSS) for this kind of environment. Both are based on object oriented programming (OOP) and, in the case of the DSS, on Autonomous Intelligent Agents. The modelling software (EcoDynamo) includes several object dynamic link libraries to simulate different physical and biogeochemical ecosystem processes. These libraries were designed to be possible their linkage with different model shells, for the sake of portability and usability. A high level communication language (ECOLANG) was developed to allow the communication between EcoDynamo and the agents. The DSS uses one methodology of discrete multi-criteria, where given a users preference structure (elicited with the Analytic Hierarchy Process methodology - AHP), a priority ranking of the pre-processed scenarios is achieved. To validate the approach, EcoDynamo was used with the DSS to simulate different management scenarios in a coastal lagoon at the South of Portugal - Ria Formosa. The experiments performed showed that these tools may be widely used by people involved in the management of coastal areas to integrate environmental, economic and social issues in the decision process, without an in-depth knowledge of modelling methodologies.


The main aim of the study was to explore the applicability of the onedimensional (1D) steady state model (QUAL2K) for simulating the water quality in large river. Danube River at lower Danube course was chosen as a case study. The model was calibrated using data on April, 2008 (spring season). Validation of the model was performed using data on September, 2008 (autumn season). Moreover, four different scenarios were examined to control the level of CBOD and DO in the river. The model output revealed that the calibration and validation results were in agreement with the observed values, with some exceptions. Although QUAL2K is one-dimensional steady state model, the simulated results were compatible with previous technical reports. Thus, it can be used as a suitable tool for simulating the water quality in large rivers.


Generally, a conventional 90 degree standard hook is used for the reinforcement's anchorage. However, this results in steel congestion, and it makes fabrication and construction difficult. Using a mechanical anchor offers a potential solution for these problems and may also ease fabrication, construction and concrete placement. To evaluate the performance of the mechanical anchor compared with that of the conventional standard hook, 2 sets of exterior beam-column joints were tested. One set was designed so that flexural failure of the beam would occur, and the other set was designed so that shear failure of the joint would occur.


freedom is soul and condition of civil law,forbidden to abandon freedom is the most fundamental principle of civil law.It is the side constraint of legal acts and civil legislation or legal interpretation.


Objective To explore the efficiency of using the unaltered in situ appendix as an appendicoumbilical stoma.Methods 31 patients were undergone continent urinary diversion using in situ without any reinforce appendicoumbilical stoma.Intraoperative ceco-appendiceal junction was assessed for continence using a simple available measure.Patients were followed at the urological clinic for an average of 15 months(range2-60 months).Results 26 of these 31 patients were completely controlled urine for day and night.There were no operative mortalities or major perioperative complications.Five of these patients developed postoperative difficulty with self-catherization and stomal dilations were successfully treated without reoperation.Intraoperatively measured in situ pressure profiles of the cecoappendiceal junction was demonstrated that the junction remains competent at 40 cmH2O at least.Conclusion In a low pressure,large capacity reservoir continence may be achieved simply by placed the appendix in situ without any reinforce.


The purpose of the current study was to compare the use of virtual discussion boards in various educational settings in the United States and Costa Rica. Participants included professors of education, in-service and pre-service teachers in the United States and Costa Rica where a survey was used that included demographic, knowledge, attitude, and behavioral questions regarding the use of virtual discussion boards. Results indicated that sixty-two percent of the participants used discussion boards in an educational setting. Instructors reported creating discussion board prompts that were constructivist in nature, and responses were frequently assessed for reflection, application, or collaboration. Findings show implications for educators in Costa Rica the United States due to the extensive rural landscape that perpetuates a need for alternative forms of communication and distance learning as well as to provide a comparison to how this technology is used in United States educational settings.


ABSTRACT HIV-positive people often experience mental health disorders and engage in substance use. Such conditions tend to impair their health-related quality of life (QOL). Evidence, however, is limited about the influence of mental health disorders and substance use on QOL by gender. Also, little is known about the influences of anxiety and high levels of stress on QOL. We recruited 682 HIV-positive people in Nepal and measured their depression, anxiety, stress levels, substance use, and QOL. Multiple linear regressions assessed the association of mental health disorders and substance use with QOL. Presence of depressive symptoms was negatively associated with all domains of QOL including the physical (men: β = -0.68, p = 0.037; women: β = −1.37, p < 0.001) and the psychological (men: β = −1.08, p <  0.001; women: β = −1.13, p <  0.001). Those who experienced anxiety had lower scores in the physical (β = −0.89, p = 0.027) and psychological (β = −1.75, p = 0.018) QOL domains among men and in the spiritual QOL domain (β = −0.061, p = 0.043) among women. High stress levels were associated with lower scores across all QOL domains including the physical (men: β = −0.16, p < 0.001; women: β = −0.14, p <  0.001) and the psychological (men: β = −0.09, p < 0.001; women: β = −0.10, p < 0.001). Substance-using men were more likely to have lower scores in physical (β = −0.70, p = 0.039) and psychological (β = −0.073, p = 0.002) domains. Among women, meanwhile, substance use was negatively associated with the psychological domain only (β = −0.77, p = 0.005). In conclusion, mental health disorders and substance use had negative associations with QOL. Attention should be given to addressing the mental health care needs of HIV-positive people to improve their QOL.


The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of utilization palm oil and seaweed on growth toward carcass and non carcass composition, and meat chemical-physical quality. Twenty eight male Flemish Giant rabbits (the average age were 5 months) with early average weight gain 1560±212 g were used in this research. All rabbits were randomly classified in four treatment levels, they were R1 (control treatment= 0% palm oil+0% seaweed), R2 (5% palm oil+0% seaweed), R3 (0% palm oil+5% seaweed), R4 (2.5% palm oil+2.5% seaweed). Each treatment level consists of seven replication. Individual cages (size 40x30x30 cm) were used. The rearing lasted for 40 days. This research were analyzed by One Way Anova. The results of growth performance test showed that feed intake (gBK/rabbit/day), ADG, and FCR were not significantly different, meanwhile the fat precentage and Water Holding Capacity (WHC) of R1 were significantly less (P<0,05) than others (R2, R3, and R4). Meat cholesterol of R3 was siginficantly less (P<0,05) than others (R1, R2, and R4), and the meat tenderness was not significantly diferrent among the treatments. It could be concluded that the utilization palm oil and seaweed did not affect the growth performance, carcass and non carcass composition, but it increased the meat fat precentage. The utilization 5% seaweed in R3 could decreased the meat cholesterol prencentage.


Today the United States faces an unpredictable security environment characterized by regional powers and non-state actors, such as vast terrorist networks, who wield increasingly lethal weapons. To address this security environment, the George W. Bush administration has endorsed the 'transformation' of US military forces. This article focuses on one transformational goal, namely the development of long-range precision strike capabilities, and examines the feasibility and desirability of using existing ballistic missiles as conventional global strike assets. While some of the futuristic and stealthy long-range technologies currently touted by defense planners might fulfill their promise and could someday be deployed, conventional ballistic missiles could offer an efficient global strike capability much sooner, one that would complement other existing global strike capabilities as research and development on more futuristic platforms continues. Thus, by combining existing capabilities, advanced technologies and new, flexible concepts of operations, the United States can deliver tomorrow's capability today.


The Ever-regretting Poem is a text of the female′s context for us to reading.We can see it′s flavour from it′s narrating tactics and the meaning of the text.What Wang Anyi revealed to us from the deeping meaning of the text is a traditional culture of female.This traditional culture is as exquisite as her narrating,but it′s shape of substance is a hollow circle.This traditional culture is a pale enlightenment.


We propose a simple and relatively inexpensive method for determining the center of gravity (CoG) of a small spacecraft. This method, which can be ascribed to the class of suspension techniques, is based on dual-axis inclinometer readings. By performing two consecutive suspensions from two different points, the CoG is determined, ideally, as the intersection between two lines which are uniquely defined by the respective rotations. We performed an experimental campaign to verify the method and assess its accuracy. Thanks to a quantitative error budget, we obtained an error distribution with simulations, which we verified through experimental tests. The retrieved experimental error distribution agrees well with the results predicted through simulations, which in turn lead to a CoG error norm smaller than 2 mm with 95% confidence level.


On June 12 2014 an interesting judgement was handed down in the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) in Commissioner for the South African Revenue Service vs. Pretoria East Motors (Pty) Ltd (291/12) [2014] ZASCA 91.


Health related quality of life(HRQOL) is a new concept developed in recent years.It has been widely used abroad.The advances in content,measurement method and application of HRQOL are reviewed in this paper.


Plasmonic microcavities are compact systems having the capability to confine light in an extremely small volume. Light matter interactions can therefore be mediated very effectively by them. In this report we demonstrate experimentally that dispersion of photonic cavity modes can be tuned to a large degree in a plasmonic microcavity with two identical corrugated metallic films as resonant mirrors. The modification of the dispersion is induced by interactions between the photonic and plasmonic modes. Additionally, the excited surface waves are strongly enhanced by the gratings, which is important for coupling and enhancing evanescent fields. To realize such a cavity, we employed self-assembled monolayer nanosphere crystals as a prepatterned substrate. Metal/dielectric/metal films were subsequently deposited on it. The cavity length was used to tune the interaction strength. As a result, the original positively dispersive FP mode, i.e., the resonance frequency is increased with the incident angle, becomes independent or even negatively dependent on the incident angle. Due to the hexagonal textured corrugation of the metal film and the existence of some line defects in a large area, the optical response is isotropic and independent of the specific polarization. This behavior can have potential applications for light emission devices, plasmonic color filters and subwavelength imaging.


Neuropathic pain is considered as an inappropriate response caused by a lesion or dysfunction in the PNS or CNS). Neuropathic pain can manifest itself as either without a stimulus (stimulus-independent pain) and/ or as pain hypersensitivity elicited after a stimulus (stimulus-evoked pain). Stimulusindependent pain includes symptoms described by the patient such as (a) continuous, burning pain (b) intermittent shooting, lancinating pain (c) some dysaesthesias. Conversely, stimulus-evoked pain describes signs the physician induces after mechanical, thermal or chemical stimulation, and usually involves hyperalgesia or allodynia. The mechanism(s) underlying neuropathic pain are not completely understood but are considered to be complex, multifactorial and to evolve over time. Neuropathic pain can be trauma (surgical and non-surgical), accidents, and exposure to toxins, infection, viruses, metabolic diseases, nutritional deficiency, ischemia, and stroke. Current research studies indicate that both peripheral and central mechanisms have been involved in pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. INTRODUCTION: On the basis of pathological condition, pain may be classified as nociceptive pain and NP. Nociceptive pain is an appropriate physiological response to a painful stimulus and various modulatory mechanisms are involved, which can usually be controlled with standard analgesics. Conversely, NP occurs as a consequence of primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system either the central nervous (CNS) or the peripheral nervous system (PNS). NP is considered as an inappropriate response caused by a lesion or dysfunction in the PNS or CNS. NP can manifest itself as either without a stimulus (stimulusindependent pain) and/ or as pain hypersensitivity elicited after a stimulus (stimulus-evoked pain). Stimulus-independent pain includes symptoms described by the patient such as (a) continuous, burning pain (b) intermittent shooting, lancinating pain (c) some dysaesthesias. Conversely, stimulus-evoked pain describes signs the physician induces after mechanical, thermal or chemical stimulation, and usually involves hyperalgesia or allodynia. Normally, non-noxious stimuli such as brushing against clothing, or a puff of air might now elicit pain (tactile allodynia), however stimuli with sharp features, such as a stiff bristle, or the rough surface of sandpaper, will elicit considerable pain that outlasts the stimulus (mechanical hyperalgesia). In addition to chronic, spontaneous NP, the mechanical dysaesthesia of allodynia and hyperesthesia are most troublesome because of our daily need to interact with objects in our environment.


The labor-intensive catch-hauling method in set-net fisheries faces problems of lower productivity, lower efficiency, and higher operational risk due to aging problem and labor insufficiency. To solve such problems, a novel catch-hauling device using the flexible fire hose and net (hose net), which is placed in the box chamber, was proposed in this study. The hoses were inflated with air injected into one edge of the hose net, and the buoyancy force increased: the net gradually floated up, cornering the fish in the opposite edge. To corner and harvest the fish efficiently and safely, the changing formation and motion parameters of the hose net are significant. A series of floating up, sinking experiments, and catch-hauling tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of this device. The results showed that the hose net could gradually float in an ideal form and sink smoothly through natural exhaust and stretched on the bottom of the water tank. The time spent and average speeds in floating and sinking processes varied with air pressure and airflow rate, allowing the hose net motion to be controlled in practice by adjusting the airflow. Through the catch-hauling test using live fish, most of the fish were directed into the fish bag. Two main capture failure phenomena were also observed. Overall, this newly developed automated catch-hauling device is expected to be successful for use in modern fisheries.


The studies were conducted on 73 male rabbits. Fracture of the femoral neck was formed transcervical osteotomy. We studied the characteristics of reparative osteogenesis in 3 groups of animals: no fixation of the femoral neck, and after nailing bioinert and bioactive implants. In the group without fixation of hip fracture, the process of developing degenerative changes, which is an extension of the fracture line is shown, the displacement of bone fragments at the end of the experiment formed a false joint of the hip. Osteosynthesis of fractures of the femoral neck fractures can achieve fusion. The use of bioactive calcium phosphate coated implants can achieve fracture union at an earlier date.


The purpose of this article is to review and reflect on the transformation of teacher education in our country. The limitations of the first transformation of teacher education in China include the limited number of top comprehensive universities participating in teacher education. The declined pr-service teacher quality and the lack of academic legitimacy of teacher education as a discipline. These limitations caused the decline of teacher preparation quality. The second transformation of teacher education in China depends on the building of teacher education institutes to transform teacher education in the aspects of the nature of the universities, professional logic, organizational system and structure, the orientation of education as a discipline, teaching staff and curriculum etc.


An ear-type band which is a kind of CVJ parts fastens the boot to the out/races against grease leakage. It has many strong points like high productivity and high clamping force. But, the strength is a hot design issues because of the large plastic deformation in clamping process. So, high tensile steels are used and the entire shape should be designed carefully. In this study, a FEA analysis procedure is developed to analyze the safety of clamping process of the ear-type band. The strength, clamping load, and extruding deformations were analyzed. By reducing the stiffening groove of a broken band model, the strength was enhanced. Experimental tests on the broken and the modified band proved the validity of the developed FEA model. Three weak regions were revealed in both FEA analyses and tests, the plastic strain was an effective base in strength evaluation. The remained clamping load was 20% of the maximum working load. The first hook took 46% of working load and the second hook took 66% of remained clamping load.


According to the application of low power loss single chip microcontrollers in oilfield truckmounted instrument, a power circuit is designed. The circuit is composed of a DC step down circuit based on MAX638 unit and an anti jamming circuit based on TL7705AC unit The circuit is characterized by small volume, low power loss and highly anti jamming It can be used in a low power loss system similar to 89C51/2 single chip unit


The utility model relates to an exhaust mixer and a system. The utility model provides a device and the system. The system comprises a porous baffle placed in the exhaust flow in the downstream of a combustion chamber (one or multiple). Exhaust flow can be separated by the baffle in the radial and longitudinal directions. A mixing surface can be coupled with the porous baffle, and the mixing surface can limit the path inside the exhaust flow to transfer eddy flow to the exhaust flow.


AbstractObjective. The goal of this study is to research and analyze problems in some hospitalized electronic medical records after a comprehensive EMR system was implemented at Peking Hospital during a recent one-year period. Methods. A total of 3000 hospitalization electronic medical records of our hospital, from July, 2011 to June, 2012, are randomly selected. Three inspectors check the data quality of the selected electronic medical records, and fill the questionnaires and analyze the problems in them. The existing problems are classified according to the following six types: (1) copy and paste of electronic records (2) excessive use of electronic templates (3) lack of patient or physician signatures (4) inaccurate recording time (5) untimely recording (6) others. The electronic medical records are divided into four groups based on reasons for defects: physicians, nurses, patients or relatives, and general staff such as general information recorders and medical record coders. Results. In the six types...


A simple method of determining the errors in a multicomponent analysis by phase resolved luminescence spectroscopy (PRS) is presented. Without resorting to many tedious experiments, one can determine a priori the optimum phase angles and frequencies for an analysis based only on the component's lifetimes. The approach allows estimation of the theoretical limiting precision of a data acquisition-reduction method. This, in turn, allows assessment of whether different noise sources or systematic errors are present and where improvements in experimental design can enhance the measurement. Finally, it allows direct analysis of the effect of different types of noise sources. An evaluation of the errors in a two-component analysis in the presence of photon noise is presented.


We show here that the coefficients for the expansion of any Slater‐type function over a displaced center can be obtained by three simple (and numerically stable) recurrence relations starting at the expansion coefficients of the 1s or 2s orbitals. We present also compact (and very fast to compute) formulas for these initial quantities.


We describe, for the first time, two adult patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) who presented palpable purpuric lesions on the lower extremities and buttocks. Skin biopsy was consistent with Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP). One of the patients exhibited renal and gastrointestinal involvement, as well. A favourable outcome was achieved in both the patients (after treatment with prednisolone only in the patient with renal and gastrointestinal manifestations). The possible pathophysiological relationships between PBC and HSP – particularly on the significance of the IgA antimitochondrial autoantibodies – are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first two cases of HSP, which developed in PBC patients. Therefore, this case study suggests that HSP may be rarely involved in the extensive list of immune‐mediated diseases associated with PBC.


We report mild-to-moderate neurosensory hearing loss and severe childhood autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy with adhalin-deficiency in two siblings from a Bulgarian sibshp of TUTkish origin. Microsatellite analysis excluded linkage to the adhalin gene, mutations of which cause limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) 2D, but was compatible with linkage to the gene locus of LGMD 2C on chromosome 13q 12. Compound heterozygosity of the affected siblings was detected in tkis chromosomal region. A severe autosomal recessive form of neurosensory deahess has been linked to the same region (locus NSRDI) which is now contained in a 7 Mb YAC contig. Using polymorphic markers and STS PCR primers mapping in this contig, we did not h d evidence for major rearrangements in the suspected region. These preliminary h b g s are not in favor of, but do not completely exclude a contiguous gene syndrome in these cases. Therefore, we consider a potential role of the putative 13q12 gene product andlor adhalin in neurosensory hearing.


Reports of lumbar spine (IS) skeletal deficits in female athletes with menstrual disorders are common, although it is not clear whether the deficits are confined to this group. The main factor presumed to be responsible is oestrogen deficiency characterised by amenorrhoea, however emerging evidence indicates that energy deficiency can also disturb bone turnover. This thesis aimed to determine
whether male distance runners are at a comparable risk for bone loss and whether there was a relationship between reported energy balance and BMD. Methods 109 distance runners (18-50 years) participated (65 females, 44 males). A questionnaire assessed menstrual status, performance level and training characteristics. 7-day dietary and exercise records were used to quantify energy balance. LS, dual femur (DF) and total body (TB) BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone size was accounted for: bone mineral apparent density (BMAD =BMD / ...JBonearea. Results Male and female IS T-scores were similar (-0.8, -0.8). 41.6% of female and 36.4% of male runners were osteopenic (LS). Age, BMI and
body fat- adjusted LS T-scores were lower in male than female runners (p<0.05). Adjusted LS T-scores were lower in male compared to eumenorrhoeic runners (p<0.01). Female runners who used the oral contraceptive pill had similar BMD to amen/oligo-menorrhoeic runners, which were significantly lower than eumenorrhoeic runners (p<0.01). These runners were also more energy deficient (p<0.01). Elite runners had greater energy deficits, lower IS T-scores, BMAD and a smaller bone area than club runners (p<0.001). DF and TB T-scores were normal, did not correlate
with weekly mileage and after adjustment for calcium intake, did not correlate with energy balance. IS T-score negatively correlated with stress fracture incidence
(p<O.OOOI).Most runners were energy deficient and the severity of energy deficiency correlated with lower BMI and body fat. Energy balance was the strongest predictor
of LS BMD and T-scores, Conclusions Low LS BMD in distance runners is not gender-specific; the oral contraceptive pill may be insufficient to protect against bone loss in female runners and elite runners may be more at risk of bone fragility. Energy deficit was the underlying determinant of low BMD in male and female runners, emphasising the importance of energy balance for bone health.


Chikungunya outbreaks occurred in the central province, Sri Lanka in 2006. This community-based study reports the epidemiology and the natural history of the infection from an affected village. Of the 199 families and 1001 individuals in the village, 159 (80%) and 513 (51%) were affected, respectively, comprising 237 (46%) males with peak incidence at 40–50 years. The acute illness caused polyarthritis in 233 (46%), and of them 230 (98%) progressed to chronic arthritic disability (CAD). Of the CAD patients, 102 (44%) had recovered in 141 days (range 30–210 days) from the disability state whilst 128 (56%) had persisting disability which lasted 12, 24, and 36 months in 41 (17.8%), 22 (9.5%), and 14 (6.1%) individuals, respectively. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) manifested in 110 (21%). Females showed preponderance for complications over males: acute arthritis 147 versus 86, P = 0.001; CAD 136 versus 84, P = 0.029; CTS 88 versus 22, P = 0.001; relapses 105 versus 68, P = 0.001. Chikungunya was highly communicable and caused lasting crippling complications.


The fracture behavior of materials and structures are always caused by stress concentration near the defects in materials. This article describes the complex potential method for solving plane problems of quasicrystalline materials with defects. In order to prove effectiveness and success of the method, an example is given, and the results have very important significance in studying two-dimensional quasicrystals.


Detailed balance arguments are used to study the relationship between photo-ionization cross section and radiative-capture cross section for transitions between conduction-band states and the ground state of a localized flaw; the existence of a spectrum of excited states, of compensating impurities, and of competing processes does not impede the development of a simple relationship. This relationship can be expressed in a way which illustrates that the capture lengths of an interacting photon and an interacting electron are in inverse proportion to their respective momenta. It is noted that the reciprocity of photo-ionization and radiative recombination can be utilized either to evaluate recombination in terms of known optical properties or to deduce optical density in terms of known recombination cross sections, and examples of both procedures are given. The thermally averaged capture cross section is expressed as a weighted integral of the photo-ionization cross section with respect to energy, and it is shown how the temperature dependence of radiative recombination is related to the spectral dependence of the photo-ionization cross section.


Measurements of the torque curves and rotational hysteresis energy of an uniaxial grain-oriented Mn-Al-C permanent magnet have been made on two specimens: one with the preferred axis of magnetization in the plane of rotation of the applied field and the other with the preferred axis perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the applied field. From the values of the rotational hysteresis integrals it has been concluded that magnetization changes occur by an incoherent mechanism, most probably by domain wall nucleation and displacement.


Using the stability of the low-frequency components in 1D-DWT(1-dimension discrete wavelet transform), a blind video watermarking scheme is proposed in the paper. The watermark is embedded in the blocked low-frequency image by adjusting the average pixel value of each block. The watermark is detected by the interval which the average pixel value of each block belongs to. The experimental results demonstrate that the watermarking method has strong robustness against some common attacks, such as compression of MPEG-2, noise attack, frame exchanging. The scheme is less complex and has smaller calculation deal, so it can meet the real-time requirement.


Background: TheTeiindexisusedtoevaluatetheoverallperformanceof therightventricle. Theindexcanbemeasuredwithpulsed Doppler echocardiography (PW) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Some studies show that severe pulmonary valve regurgitation (PR) can influence the Tei index calculated by the PW method. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare PW and TDI in calculating the Tei index in PR patients following TOF recon-struction. Methods: We evaluated 21 patients with severe PI who were reconstructed and 21 age-matched normal children. All the children went through PW or TDI. The intensity of Sa, Ea, Aa, IVCT, and the Tei index were calculated. Results: The mean age of the patients and controls was 3.8 ± 3.2 and 3.7 ± 2.7 years, respectively. There was no difference in the Tei indexbetweenhealthychildrenandTOFpatientscalculatedbythePWmethod(0.30 ± 0.10vs. 0.35 ± 0.06;P=0.059). However,TOF patients had a lower intensity of Sa, Ea, and Aa than healthy children. Furthermore, the isovolumic interval of both IVCT and IVRT was longer in TOF patients than in healthy children (43.53 ± 8.82 vs. 25.77 ± 10.14 and 87.73 ± 10.91 vs. 68.36 ± 8.96, respectively; P = 0.001 for both) but the S duration had no difference between the groups (265.1 ± 18.1 in TOF patients vs. 266.8 ± 28.0 in controls). The Tei index calculated by TDI was significantly higher in TOF patients than in healthy children (0.50 ± 0.10 vs. 0.36 ± 0.06; P = 0.001). Moreover,theTeiindexcalculatedbyTDIwashigherthantheTeiindexcalculatedbyPWinTOFpatients(0.50 ± 0.10vs. 0.30 ± 0.10; P = 0.001). Conclusions: TDI is a more accurate method for calculating the Tei index for evaluating the overall performance of the right ventricle in PR patients after TOF reconstruction, and the Tei index calculated through PW had limitations for this purpose.


Acknowledgment I would like to thank my family for their support and patience during the two-and-a-half years it has taken me to graduate. As well, I would like to thank my friend, Maheen Kamali, for her understanding. I would also like to thank Dr. D.N. Pandey for his help and for his direction with this thesis. Also, I would like to thank Ajay Rai for assisting me in finding the right data to be used for the methodology of this thesis.


In allusion to the flaws of Ant Colony Algorithm for solving the QoS multicast routing problem of Ad Hoc network.,an improved Ant Colony Algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization is proposed.This algorithm is applied in the establishment and maintenance of Ad Hoc network multicast routing process to accelerate the convergence rate of Ant Colony Algorithm.The simulation results show that this algorithm has better performance in solving the QoS multicast routing problem of Ad Hoc network.


Functional accounts of emotion assume that the display of positive emotion confers general adaptive benefits, including resilience to psychopathology. A volume of empirical research supporting the adaptive function of positive emotion has been steadily accruing; however, there is an emerging body of literature suggesting that the relationship between positive emotion and psychopathology is less straightforward. Data from studies are used to stress that the expression of positive emotion may also lead to negative consequences, including poor social adjustment and dysfunction. A regulatory flexibility model is used as a framework for better understanding the processes and mechanisms by which positive emotion is linked with negative outcomes at three different levels: sensitivity to context, responsiveness to feedback, and emotion regulation repertoire. Implications are discussed with an eye to future directions for research.


This paper deals with intensive electro sintering (IES) of diamond composite materials (DCM) with multicomponent Ni-Sn based binder. The effect of the powder mixture composition, activating dopants and IES technical parameters on the formation of the microstructure and physical, and mechanical properties of DCM is studied. It has been established that the leading densification mechanisms of IES involve thermally activated plastic deformation of nickel powder particles, tin melting, and infiltration and chemical interaction of components. The presence of a liquid phase during the electro sintering increases conductivity of powder compact and intensity of heating which, in turn, significantly increases shrinkage rate and promotes uniform distribution of components and formation of intermetallic compounds. The macro-kinetic model of intermetallic compounds formation in the NiSn system in non-isothermal conditions and the model of DCM with structured matrix and imperfect interface have been developed. The thermal and mechanical properties of electro sintered DCM have been evaluated. The initial mixture composition and the IES technological parameters promising in terms of DCM quality have been found. The proposed method of manufacturing the drilling bits by IES constitutes a potential basis for the industrial production technology of diamond tools.


This paper presents the investigation of ventilation effects towards temperature distribution in rabbit cage environment. The research involved simple ventilation mechanism, rabbit cage housing and temperature data logger. Ventilation is created by varying voltage supply of fan which is installed in rabbit housing. Data for temperature distribution then will be acquired using temperature data logger developed. The sensor used is LM35 environmental temperature sensor which is connected to Advantech USB-4716 Portable Data Acquitiosion Module.


Two methods for elastic analysis and design of steel framing systems, an American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) load and resistance factor design (LRFD) based notional load approach and a modified elastic approach, are outlined in Part I. These approaches capture the physical behavior of sway frames more faithfully than present AISC methods and eliminate the need to calculate column buckling loads or effective length factors. In this paper, the results from a comprehensive set of benchmark studies are summarized to establish the accuracy and validity of these two approaches for evaluation of the maximum strength of steel framing members and systems. Comparisons are made to results from rigorous distributed plasticity analyses.


The influence of geological and geomorphological variables were spatially integrated to develop landslide hazard prediction model in the Agra Khola watershed of central Nepal where a large number of landslides triggered off due to extreme weather event of July 19–21, 1993. A quantitative technique of multivariate analysis was performed to predict elements or observations of landslides successfully into different hazard levels in the area. The predicted landslide hazard was validated and spatially relevancy of the prediction is established. The GIS-based prediction model possessed objectivity and reproducibility, and also improved the landslide hazard mapping in the natural hillslope.