Consensus interferon (CIFN) was initially evaluated as monotherapy for the re-treatment of interferon alfa (IFN)-failed hepatitis C patients in the mid 1990s. There was no clear role for the compound once ribavirin (RBV) and, subsequently, pegylated (PEG) IFNs were introduced. However, treatment failures with the current standard of care and the rapidly growing pool of nonresponders and relapsers have led to a renewed interest in this unique interferon. A multicenter registration study, the DIRECT (Daily-Dose Consensus Interferon and Ribavirin: Efficacy of Combined Therapy) Trial, was initiated to treat nonresponders and relapsers to PEG IFN and RBV com-binations with CIFN. The DIRECT Trial has completed enrollment but results are not yet available. Consensus interferon is a novel, synthetic type-I interferon with 166 amino acids and a molecular weight of 19,500 daltons. It was developed by scanning IFN-alfa subtypes and selecting the most frequently observed amino acids at each position to form a "consensus" IFN molecule. A synthesized DNA coding sequence was then cloned into an Escherichia coli expression system, allowing production of this novel compound. In various in vitro cell lines, the measured antiviral activity of consensus interferon is 10- to 100-fold greater than IFN alfa. 1 Data comparing CIFN and RBV to IFN alfa and RBV in treatment-naïve patients are sparse. To date, only abstract data is available. Sjogren and colleagues 2 presented data in 128 patients using CIFN 15 μg thrice weekly with RBV 1 g daily versus IFN alfa-2b, 3 million IU thrice weekly with RBV 1 g daily for 48 weeks. They reported sustained virologic response (SVR) rates of 57% and 40%, respectively (44%


Based on detailed field observations at Sheep Mountain, a doubly plunging anticline in the northeastern Bighorn basin in Wyoming, there appears to have been active tectonic uplift at this site contemporaneous with Pennsylvanian and Permian sedimentation. The Permian (Leonardian to Guadalupian) Goose Egg Formation at Sheep Mountain consists of 25-60 m of silty red beds (including minor carbonate and evaporite units) capped by 15-30 m of dominantly intertidal carbonates (the Ervay Member). A strong lateral variation of facies normal to the trend of the anticline is found within the red-bed sequence: carbonate beds on the anticline flanks are transitional with a gypsum/anhydrite facies along the crest. Similarly, shales on the anticline limbs grade into sandstones near the fold axis, indicating a paleohigh roughly coincidental with the present-day anticline crest. Ervay deposition (late Guadalupian) was marked by a more extensive uplifted structure in a marginal marine setting. On Sheep Mountain the unit is typified by intertidal fenestral carbonates, whereas outcrops to the east suggest a restricted marine facies and outcrops to the west reflect a more open marine environment. Thin sand lenses present in the Ervay are thought to represent terrigenous sediments blown onto the sometimes emergent bank which were thenmore » captured through adhesion and cementation. Anticlinal features similar to Sheep Mountain are common along the eastern margin of the Bighorn basin. When found in the subsurface, these structures are often associated with hydrocarbon production from the Ervay Member. Tectonic uplift contemporaneous with deposition of this unit may explain the localization of the productive fenestral facies on the present-day anticlines.« less


The objective of this chapter is to describe the epidemiology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus , a common seafood bacterium, to describe its effects on our food chain from the sea to our dining tables, and to identify where preventive measures could be targeted. Recent research has increased our understanding of the multiple factors involved in seafood safety and has provided us with additional science-based data for making policy decisions for safeguarding our seafood. Ecological, environmental, and epidemiological studies have further characterized these organisms through preand post-seafood harvesting practice analyses; through environmental surveys that assess factors that influence Vibrio parahaemolyticus growth and reservoirs; and through the identification of risk factors for exposure to and infection by these pathogens. The following areas are emphasized in this review: identification of risk factors and possible intervention strategies, levels of microbial contamination in seafood at retail, identification of seafood harvesting-based solutions that may contribute to decreasing the incidence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections, and identification of potential sites of organism control in the processing, transportation, retail setting, and consumer consumption of seafood. 2757_CH06.fm Page 171 Wednesday, June 30, 2004 10:14 AM


Let X, respectively C, be a smooth projective curve of genus g, respectively q, and f : X → C a degree k finite morphism. Set E:= f * (O X )/O C . Hence E is a rank k - 1 vector bundle on C with deg(E) = k q - k + 1 - g. Here we study the cohomological properties of E and in particular the integers h 0 (C, E(tP)), P ∈ C and t ∈ N. We use these integers to define the notion of f-Weierstrass points.


Over recent years,a number of geological survey data were obtained in coastal zone of Tianjin Binhai New Area.Respectively,using results of subbottom profiling to detect paleotopography,by sedimentary drilling borehole research to understand deposition times,use of land area chenier,buried oyster reefs,ancient tombs and burial sand distribution,study the distribution of the various periods of ancient shoreline position and morphology,and comparing with the depositional environment and topography in shallow sea area,a general introduction of topography and geomorphy evolution process after middle Holocene in Tianjin Binhai New Area was given in this paper.The last transgression in Bohai Bay started in early Holocene,the coastline reached its westernmost limit at about middle Holocene.Since then,because of the highstand stabilization of sea-level and,moreover,the river discharges into the bay,the coastline of Bohai Bay has gradually prograded eastwards.But because of the complex background of the Bohai Bay sediment supply,the topography and geomorphy evolution process are different in different parts.


The invention provides an electric cutting device of human sectional specimens with coronal planes, belonging to the technical field of medical appliances and devices. At present, the frozen specimens are cut by utilizing woodworking saws, electric band saws or large freezing microtomes and the devices are troublesome to remake and are not very flexible to operate. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a dovetail groove (8) is arranged at the right end of a cutting workbench (1); two bolts (10) are respectively fixed at the left end of the cutting workbench; a transverse feed operating bench (16) with a dovetail groove is fixed on a nut dovetail slider (6); a motor (5) with a front transverse dovetail slider (17) is embedded into the transverse feed operating bench (16) with the dovetail groove; a transverse nut frame (19) is fixed on the transverse feed operating bench (16) with the dovetail groove; and one end, which is screwed in the transverse nut frame (19), of a transverse feed screw (18) is hinged with the motor (5), and the other end of the transverse feed screw is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of a transverse feed motor (20). The electric cutting device has the following advantages: the electric cutting device is high in machining precision when in use and can be used for realizing ultrathin precise cutting of human specimens.


Hom, Griffeth, and Sellaro's (1984) theoretical alternative to Mobley's (1977) turnover model was investigated in two studies. In Study 1, conceptual distinctions among model constructs and operationalizations of those constructs were validated. 206 nurses were surveyed, and constructs were assessed


Low-dimensional II–VI wide-bandgap semiconductor structures are attractive both from basic physics related to excitons and applications to short-wavelength light emitters. In this paper, growth of zincblende ZnSe/MgS superlattices (SLs) is demonstrated and structural characterization is performed. Enhanced excitonic properties in this new SL material will be discussed. Exciton localization due to heterointerface fluctuations was observed at low temperature and the localization of excitons showed high luminescence efficiency. The growth of a CdSe quantum dot structure, in order to realize the three-dimensional localization of excitons, was examined. Formation of self-organized CdSe dots was observed on (001)ZnSe surfaces. The long-term stability of the CdSe dots is discussed.


The study found some features of physiological parameters in girls with different levels of physical activity, born and living in Khanty-Ugra. The study found an increase in the adaptive reserves of the organism athletes. Thus, cross-country skiing and volleyball have a favorable effect on the functional status of the cardiorespiratory system in extreme climatic conditions Khanty-Ugra.


This study of the transition of public librarians to front-line managers and how they build proficient knowledge, skills, and behaviors describes the context in which the managers learn, adapt, and grow as well as their internal analyses and syntheses that led to observable and demonstrable actions and serves as a critical foundational step in public library management research that does not currently exist. As a qualitative descriptive case study with embedded subunits, this research was designed to unpack the steps participants took in learning to become managers, as well as how they interacted with colleagues and the organization to become proficient.
The case study involved twenty-one participants from a population of 30 managers at the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh and was conducted in two phases. In phase one, participants responded to three structured diary entries; in phase two, the researcher conducted two in-depth interviews with ten participants chosen from phase one. Diary entries and interview transcripts were coded using Descriptive Coding as well as Provisional Coding based on two business studies. Hill's Becoming a Manager and McCall, Lombardo, and Morrison's Lessons of Experience provided a conceptual framework; the study findings, however, revealed two important differences: managers universally expressed pride, love of job, and service to others and affirmed the community's role as a motivating factor.
The primary outcome of the study was the profiles created of the ten in-depth interviewees describing their journies from librarian to proficient manager. The narratives and data reveal that gaining knowledge, skills, and behaviors to become a proficient manager is multifaceted and complex. While there were an array of answers as unique as the individuals who participated, there were some similarities: observing and identifying models (former bosses, current supervisors, administrators, or peers), capitalizing on and learning from previous experiences, and actively working to become proficient particularly in areas that are personally difficult.
The uniqueness of this study is that it provides one of the first glimpses into the day-to-day nature of the complexity of the public library environment in which managers must learn to operate successfully.


A mechanical automatic water intake valve is made and tested. As the result of the test shows. the valve core action fulfills the anticipated functions and realizes corking principles.


Abstract All available specimens of Andescynodon mendozensis and Rusconiodon mignonei are examined and restudied, and the latter species is regarded as a junior synonym of the former. The postcranial skeleton of this species is described for the first time; it generally shows primitive features of traversodontids. Andescynodon mendozensis is a small- to medium-sized traversodontid characterized by 9∼11 upper postcanines in adults (fewer in larger individuals), the transverse ridge of upper postcanines lying anteriorly on the tooth, paracanine fossa penetrating the skull roof in adult; it is differentiated from Pascualgnathus by relatively flatten skull, shorter and narrower temporal region, presence of four rather than three upper incisors.


The article discusses some mythological creatures, as representatives of the "alien" world in Mansi folklore, as well as the mythological function of the border in the structuring of space of the Northern ethnic group. The material of the study was the texts of Mansi fairy tales published in various folklore collections, in periodicals, as well as field materials of the author. A hermeneutic method is used in the work, the principles of historicism and a systematic approach are reflected. Analysis of Mansi folklore texts showed that the Mansi people include their family, village, kin, nationality, ethnic group in their own circle. All of them are united by language, appearance, religion. Wrong things were perceived by Mansi as a threat. Accordingly, such objects as "others", "otherworldly", "strangers", "outlanders", "enemies" relate to the category of "them". Own things are perceived as something positive, but foreign things on a subconscious level are perceived as negative and cause negative emotions. The presence of the main type of the opposition "us - them" in the mythological picture of the Mansi world is represented by us through the schemes, reflecting different methods of interaction between "us" and "them". The author expresses her gratitude to all informants who know the Mansi language and traditional culture of the Mansi people, as well as anonymous reviewers.


An efficient low-cost, low-power hardware implementation of a novel run-time pixel coverage mask generation algorithm for embedded 3D graphics antialiasing purposes is presented. The proposed algorithm can be incorporated in any antialiasing scheme with prefiltering that is based on algebraic representation of primitive's edges. When compared with the state of the art, the described algorithm reduces several times the size of the required hardware implementation due to the utilization of the quadrant symmetry property allowing the storage of only the coverage mask information for a few representative edges in one of the quadrants of the plane, the rest of the information being derived on the fly via computationally inexpensive operations


Closed phase covariance (CP) analysis is a glottal inverse filtering method which estimates the vocal tract during the glottal closed phase. Since closed phase durations are typically short, the vocal tract computation with linear prediction is vulnerable to the covariance frame position. This study proposes a modified CP algorithm in which a DC-gain constraint is imposed in optimizing the linear predictive inverse model of the vocal tract. Results show that the algorithm improves the robustness of the CP analysis on the covariance frame position.


Modeling of a neural network (NN) is presented. This study is targeted to compose a highly capable processor.

Proposed model is based on knowledge of biological and artificial NN developed until nowadays.

An advantage of the proposed model is forward and reverses couplings with positive and negative signs for synaptic coupling of neurons. Neurons are connected mutually and allocated multiple accesses, total large numbers of neurons are included in the NN is the second advantage. The other point is that operation of NN is done with timing is synchronously. The size of NN is far large than ever proposed.

The proposed model is applied for the analysis of time-space data analysis. This scheme was found sufficiently useful to solve the problem which was impossible to be solved.


The effect of the magnetic field at extremely low frequency on cells was investigated in vitro. An experimental system of a uniform alternating magnetic field was designed with the Helmholtz coil. Rat's fibroblasts or endothelial cells were exposed to a magnetic field for six days. The results show that there are minor effects of the magnetic field in the intensity level of 0.05 mT on cells at frequency of 50 Hz, and that there are possible effects on the culture medium and on the alignment of the fibroblasts.


Network Topology refers to layout of a network and how different nodes in a network are connected to each other and how they communicate. Topologies are either physical (the physical layout of devices on a network) or logical (the way that the signals act on the network media, or the way that the data passes through the network from one device to the next). The knowledge of network topology is to improve the quality of service (QoS) offered to users and provide a high availability of the shared data, it is common to store the data in replicated servers distributed across the internet. The replication of data over different machines makes the choice of its location a challenging problem that can be addressed with knowledge of the internet topology. In this paper, introduced a novel framework to improve the efficiency of the network topology discovery. To improve the efficiency the parameters such as communication cost should be reduced, coverage should be increased, and probing redundancy should be reduced. The efficiency is improved by introducing a clustering technique in the network topology discovery. First, the topology data collected can form the basis for a formal graph of the internet. Depending on the level considered, a vertex in the graph can be an IP interface, a router a PoP or an AS. Once the graph is built, one can study its characteristics, such as the average degree, the degree distribution and the clustering coefficient. Then the network topology information is useful in deciding where to add new routers and to figure out whether current hardware is correctly configured. It also allows network managers to find bottlenecks and failures in the network. Key Terms: Network Topology, Clustering Technique, Routing


At this dose, the num- ber of apoptotic neurons in the caudate nucleus of ketamine-treated pups was 4.3 times higher than in litter-matched controls, a dif-ference significant at the P > 0.0001 level. In separate groups of infant mice we obtained arterial blood samples by cardiac puncture at periodic intervals (0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, or 240 min) following ketamine at 40 mg/kg. Throughout this period, blood gases remained within normal limits, including arterial oxygen saturation, which fluctuated from a low of 97 percent to a high of 99 percent.


The authors report the nanomachining of sub-20-nm wide doubly clamped silicon carbon nitride resonators using low keV electron beam lithography with polymethyl methacrylate resist and cold development. Methodologies are developed for precisely controlling the resonator widths in the ultranarrow regime of 11–20 nm. Resonators with lengths of 1–20 μm and widths of 16–280 nm are characterized at room temperature in vacuum using piezoelectric actuation and optical interferometry. Clamping and surface losses are identified as the dominant energy loss mechanisms for a range of resonator widths. The resonator clamping points are optimized using an original electron beam lithography simulator. Various alternative clamping point designs are also modeled and fabricated in order to reduce the clamping losses.


The fifth generation of the defense language proficiency Test(DLPT5) has been playing an important role in making operational readiness,incentive pay,and training decisions for civilian and military language analysts in the U.S.armed forces.Compared with the previous generations of DLPT,it boasts of innovations and advantages of test mode,material employment,capability testing as well as terms of validity.The study of DLPT5 has some constructive implications for the English proficiency assessment system of the pre-commissioning education of military academies and for the military professional foreign language proficiency assessment system of PLA,which will give full play to the backwash effect of assessment,and help to produce high caliber military personnel.


The invention discloses a zeolite adsorbent and its preparation method, the zeolite adsorbent is powder particles using zeolite as main raw material; it mixes 60-95% zeolite, 30% filler, 1-30% binding agent, 0-20% hole agent and 0-20% acid to prepare colloid which solid content is 10-60%; After spray-dries it, then it roasts power particles which droplet method volume>0.5 ml/g. The exchange capacity is large, it can remove the ammonia nitrogen, calcium magnesium ion, fluorinion or heavy metallic ion in sewage water effectively and reach sewage water emission standard.


Objective
The features of clinical, laboratory and radiologic examinations of an adult patient with Japanese encephalitis (JE) were analyzed to understand the differences in clinical characteristics between adult and children patients, and to investigate the method of etiological tests.

Methods
The clinical, laboratory tests and radiographic data of an adult case with JE requiring hospitalization were analyzed retrospectively and the related literature was reviewed.

Results
The clinical presentation of patients with JE was nonspecific, the patient presented with fever, consciousness and cognitive impairment, convulsion and meningeal irritation. Its main test indicator is IgM antibody of Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV) in acute cerebrospinal fluid and serum specimens.Craniocerebral MRI is an important auxiliary examination for JE, the common sites involved are thalamus, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex, of which thalamus is almost 100% affected.

Conclusions
The clinical presentation of patients with JE was nonspecific. Clear diagnosis should be accompanied by the combination of epidemiology, laboratory tests and specific antibodies detection. Neural damages commonly occur in thalamus.

Key words:
Viral encephalitis; Japanese encephalitis; Etiological detection; Brain MRI; Adults


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a general theoretical and finite element implementation framework for the constitutive modelling of biological soft tissues.Design/methodology/approach – The model is based on continuum fibers reinforced composites in finite strains. As an extension of the isotropic hyperelasticity, it is assumed that the strain energy function is decomposed into a fully isotropic component and an anisotropic component. Closed form expressions of the stress tensor and elasticity tensor are first established in the general case of fully incompressible plane stress which orthotropic and transversely isotropic hyperelasticity. The incompressibility is satisfied exactly.Findings – Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the model's performance.Originality/value – The paper presents a constitutive model for incompressible plane stress transversely isotropic and orthotropic hyperelastic materials.


By respectively arranging the horizontal curved prestressing cables at different positions in the top and bottom slabs of a concrete continuous curved box girder and the vertical curved cables(horizontal curved cables are included) at different heights in the webs of the girder,the influences of the different ways of arrangement of the cables on the mechanical behavior of the girder are calculated and analyzed.The results indicate that the horizontal curved cables arranged at the different positions in the top and bottom slabs will have considerable influence on the displacement and horizontal moment of the girder while the vertical curved cables arranged in the webs will mainly cause influence on the vertical displacement of the girder.However,the horizontal curved cables arranged in the top slab and the vertical curved cables arranged close to the upper part of the webs are helpful to reduce the torsional moment and will make the reaction force of the inner and outer bearings tend to be equilibratory.


The role of strategy was retained by universities to shape the quality of human resources to face the problems and challenges in the 21st century which linked to master both hard skills and soft skills. The main reason for analyzing the needs of entrepreneur from the role models to face industrial revolution era was the evolution of the need for college students graduate to be able to survive and compete with others. This research focused on the practitioner's perspective on English mastery as one of the important parts of soft skills that should be mastered by the entrepreneurship students. Observation and in-depth-interview with five subject research used in this study in the qualitative method. Yin method used to analyze the data which included compiling, disassembling, reassembling, interpreting, and concluding the data until the saturation was achieved. This study reported that the ability to master English as a business language such as product description, presentation, negotiation, conversation, and emailing are very important to the entrepreneurship students. From studying the entrepreneurial role models, it is believed to represent sources of real inspiration and motivation to become successful entrepreneurs in the future.


In the paper the significance of milk-feeding period for the formation of male reproductive health is experimentally shown. It has been found that the use of emotional stress and excessive phytoestrogenization, both separately and together, in male rats during breastfeeding leads to certain disorders of the reproductive system in adulthood. Modeled emotional stress or phytoestergenization on the principle of imprinting caused hyperostrogeny, androgen deficiency, changes in the ratio of androgenization/estrogenization in adulthood. The applied factors led to impaired spermatogenesis, inhibition of sexual activity, and decreased reproductive potential. In the stressed animals, the decrease in androgens was such that the testosterone levels did not differ from intact females. In the case of joint application of the factors in the suckling period, in adult male rats there were no clinically significant changes in the sperm count. The concentration of sex hormones corresponded to the physiological norm, sexual behavior was characterized by slightly differentiated changes. However, a 2.5-fold decrease in their fertility (or potential number of offspring) was critical and largest among all study groups. The latter indicates impaired spermatogenesis and the formation of defective sperm, that is, the problem of the parental genome, possibly epigenetic in nature.


Objective: To investigate the expression of phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element binding protein(pCREB) in the dorsal horn of spinal cord in rats with bone cancer pain.Methods: 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=8 each): control group(intra-tibial injection of 5μl Hank's solution);bone cancer pain(intra-tibial injection of 5μl Walker-256 mammary gland carcinoma cells of rats) 6 d,12 d and 18 d group.The paw withdraw threshold was measured before operation and on day 6,12 and 18 after operation.The animals were killed on day 6,12 and 18 after operation.The lumbar 4~6 of spinal cord was immediately removed.The pCREB expression was measured by immunohistochemistry.Results: The mechanical pain thresholds in rats of bone cancer pain 6 d,12 d and 18 d group were significantly decreased.No significant change of mechanical pain thresholds was observed in control group.The expression of pCREB in the spinal cord was gradually increased in bone cancer pain 6 d,12 d and 18 d group as compared with the control group.Conclusion: The increase in the expression of pCREB in the spinal cord is involved in the mechanism of central sensitization in the bone cancer pain.


The present study was undertaken to determine the frequency of abnormal thyroid function tests in patients admitted with acute psychiatric illness. Elevated thyroxine (T4) levels were noted in ten ...


Despite the ongoing debate about ethics about big data and big social data, there are still no universal directives how to ethically deal with largescale datasets. Even big social data that is anonymous and seemingly harmless may have ethical implications and impacts that have not been previously anticipated. Hence, this paper explores the idea that, in the absence of universally agreed-upon ethical principles for big social data studies, researchers must adopt an ethical maturity focal point for such research projects. It is argued that researchers, who deal with big social data, must be ethically responsible and apply autonomous moral reasoning during all phases of the research process. To support the arguments, the study was conducted in two phases. The concept of ethical maturity was first extended to big social data research, after which some ethical directives are proposed, based on an inductive analysis of documents on the topic of ethics of big data and social data. The findings indicate that being ethically responsible could instill a greater appreciation of the current and new big social data context in researchers to justify ethical decision-making while becoming more aware of the manipulated reality of big social datasets.


The N-doped ZnO was prepared by heating a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate [Zn(NO_3)_2·6 H_2O] and ammonium salt at 623 K for 1 h in air. The mixture of zinc nitrate hydrate and ammonium salt formed a homogeneous molten salt at 623 K, and the homogeneous dispersion of the metal ions and ammonium ions contributed to the N-doping. In particular, when the mixture of zinc nitrate hydrate and ammonium acetate (CH_3COONH_4) was heated at 623 K, the doped amount of nitrogen was higher than with the mixture of zinc nitrate hydrate and NH_4NO_4. The acetate anion (CH_3COO^-) restricted the oxidation reaction of nitrate anion (NO_3^-). Furthermore, Al- and N-co-doped ZnO particles were obtained by heating the mixture of zinc nitrate hydrate, aluminum nitrate hydrate, and ammonium acetate. The Al and N co-doping effectively increased the doped amount of nitrogen. The spontaneous formation of ZnO lattice and the nitrogen source in the molten salt and the homogeneous dispersion of Zn_2^+ ions and Al_3^+ ions contributed to the increase in the amount of doped nitrogen.


This study investigated heritability of stem and wood traits to improve Swedish silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) through breeding. Birch is 12% of Sweden's forest area but mainly used for low value pulp or firewood. This paper applied non-destructive test (NDT) methods, and estimated traits' heritability (h2), to help breed birch for high value solid wood products. Two trials of 22 families were assessed at age 19 for stem diameter (DBH), stem straightness, rough brown bark height (BH), grain angle (GA), Pilodyn penetration depth (Pilo) and acoustic velocity (AV). X-ray densitometry was performed on a subsample of radial cores taken at 1.3 m from the ground to get an average benchmark density. The h2 values were moderate for GA (0.20 and 0.21) and Pilo (0.53 and 0.48) at the two sites, but the h2 values for AV were low (0.05 and 0.30). There were moderate genotypic correlations between BH and DBH (0.51–0.54). There were low genotypic and phenotypic correlations between NDT measurements and other traits so including NDT in birch breeding efforts should not inadvertently reduce size, stem or wood quality. The high genetic correlations between sites suggest that GA, Pilo and AV values were determined more by genotype than by environment.


Chromosomal abnormalities, including microdeletions and microduplications, have long been associated with abnormal developmental outcomes (Watson et al. 2014). Recently, array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) has been introduced into routine clinical practice for the evaluation of chromosome imbalance, allowing for the identification of microdeletions or microduplications smaller than 5Mb (Bejjani and Shaffer 2006). Here, we report a novel case of 9q21.13q21.32 microdeletion with a favourable outcome.


ABSTRACT In order to provide real-time multimedia streaming service, a lot of system resources and network bandwidth required. Thus each computer is any computer other equivalent has the ability to act as a client and a server Peer-to-Peer(P2P) architecture with much interest. In this paper, techniques of P2P content that requires a user to efficiently retrieve the desired time in the streaming service have placed the focus of the research techniques. In a number present in the P2P contents, the user requests to find out the desired amount of time the content streaming services in order to provide seamless lookup latency contents search algorithm to minimize the study. P2P based smart network system and the structure of the super-node and the peer node is composed of super-gateway. Smart network system architecture proposed by performing a content search algorithm. The user requests a desired content, the service can be retrieved within the provided the flexibility.Keywords:Content Search Algorithm, Peer-to-Peer, Smart Network


Sudden cardiac death ( SCD) from cardiac arrest ( SCA) represents 25% out of all deaths. Despite the advance in resuscitation and prevention of SCA, out of hospital arrest ( OHCA) accounts only a 10 % of survival . Coronary artery disease is the major underlying etiology . Females have lower incidence of SCD. However data regarding OHCA outcome in female are controversial.

 We considered consecutively 3124 OHCA survivors resuscitated from emergency medical System or bystander In Piacenza between from January 2013 to June 2022 and we e evaluated the etiology and outcome, considering sex and gender disparities.

 Out of 3124 SCA occured in 10 years, 1371(43%) were females with average age 82 ±12 years and 1753 ( 57%) males with average age 75 ±14 years ( p<0,0001) . The survival of our population was 10% with better results in males ( f 3,1% vs 14% m p<0,0001) 1268 females and 1482 males were treated at home. 2366 ( 75%) patients,1091 ( 46%) female and 1275 ( 54%) males,developed an initial non shockable rhythm and 323( 25%), 242 (74%) females and 81 (26%) males ventricolar fibrillation ( FV) . In the group with FV as initial rhythm, the survival was 40% . Considering etiology in the group with FV as initial rhythm, females had less incidence of coronary artery disease ( 5 f vs 48 m, p=0,004) and myocardial infarction (f 1 vs 33 m, p=0, 001). The survival wasn't different between females and males in this group.( 22 f vs 64 m, p=0,8). Female had more frequently non shockable rhythm ( 79 % f vs 72 % m, p< 0,001) and were found more frequently at home ( 92% vs 85% p < 0,001).

 In our OHCA population, the survival was 10% in according with literature Female were older and they had less survival, because initial rhythm registered during SCA were non shockable rhythms. They were found at home,with a delay in the first aid . This can be due to a gender disparities.


This experimental study was conducted aimed at finding out empirically data about the learning model predict observe explain to understanding the concept of natural sciences in the theme of  wonderful diversity in my country on fourth grade fourth grade elementary school of Kebon Manggis 01 East Jakarta. The sample was selected using simple random sampling technique. The research sample consisted of 30 students for the experimental class and 30 students for the control class. The method used is the experimental method with posttest-only-control design. Data collection is done by using a test instrument in the form of a free description that has been tested for validity and reliability. Posttest data from the experimental class and the control class were analyzed using the normality, homogeneity, and t-test. Data analysis using t-test, the two groups obtained a t-count value of 3.427 while t-table at a significant level of 0.05 and dk = 60 is equal to 1,671, it can be said that t-count > t-table means alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. This shows that there is a significant influence between learning model predict observe explain to understanding the concept in natural sciences on fourth grade students.


In this paper we introduce χ 2∆ fA sequence spaces defined by modulus function and study general properties of these spaces and also establish some inclusion results among them. Also P – statistical χ 2 sequence spaces is defined and discuss about  general properties.


A Digital-to-Time converter (DTC) based on static CMOS multiplexers is presented, achieving a time resolution of 65 ps consuming 0.5 mW. The DTC relies on gate delay for programmability, ensuring robustness, linearity and wide delay range. Details of the transistor implementation (with sizes) is given, together with a detailed discussion on critical design points. Post layout simulations with Monte Carlo, voltage and temperature variations are presented with measurements from two different chip realizations in 90 nm CMOS.


This letter proposes a novel projection technique for accelerating Finite Element Method simulations. The algorithm is based on the Second-order Arnoldi Method for Passive Order Reduction (SAPOR). It involves generation of two projection bases and thanks to this it is applicable to the systems of equations, which contain the quadratic frequency-dependence in the input term, that arise when projection is applied locally in the selected subregions of the computational domain. Numerical experiments show, that the proposed approach can be used to generate local macromodels, which are reliable for the wide frequency band simulations.


. Let Q be a parameter ideal in a Noetherian local ring A with the maximal ideal (cid:1) . Then A is a regular local ring and (cid:1) /Q is cyclic, if depth A > 0 and Q n is (cid:1) -full for some integer n ≥ 1. Consequently, A is a regular local ring and all the powers of Q are integrally closed in A once Q n is integrally closed for some n ≥ 1.


Basing on the rational perspective,the paper gives an exploratory analysis of implementation phase of entrepreneur-driven management innovation by case study method from three breakthrough points of entrepreneur action,key influencing factors and issues.Then,the paper constructs a two-dimension model of implementation phase of entrepreneur-driven management innovation.The results show that: entrepreneurs have instructional and variational trial and error;key influencing factors include three aspects of entrepreneur,internal and external environment,and it has some differences between different enterprises in same industry and between different industries;entrepreneurs fall across unexpected problems and the most difficult problems in implement stage.


Interaction of iPr2NB(C9H7)(C2B10H11) with 1 equiv of Zr(NMe2)4 gave a constrained-geometry zirconium amide [η5:σ-iPr2NB(C9H6)(C2B10H10)]Zr(NMe2)2 (2). Treatment of iPr2NB(C9H7)(C2B10H11) with 1 equiv of Ti(NMe2)4, however, led to the isolation of a deborated product (η5-C2B9H11)Ti(NMe2)2(HNMe2) (1). 2 reacted with excess Me3SiCl in toluene to give the chloro derivative [η5:σ-iPr2NB(C9H6)(C2B10H10)]ZrCl2 (4). Salt metathesis reaction between MCl4(THF)2 and [iPr2NB(C9H6)(C2B10H10)]Li2(Et2O)2 afforded [η5:σ-iPr2NB(C9H6)(C2B10H10)]MCl2 (M = Ti (3), Zr (4), Hf (5)). 3 was also prepared from the reaction of [iPr2NB(C9H6)(C2B10H10)]Li2(Et2O)2 with 1 equiv of TiCl3(THF)3, followed by addition of 0.5 equiv of PbCl2 in THF. Interaction of 2 with 4 equiv of Me3Al in toluene resulted in the isolation of [η5:σ-iPr2NB(C9H6)(C2B10H10)]ZrMe2 (6). 6 was also prepared via the reaction of 4 with 2 equiv of MeLi in THF. All of these compounds were fully characterized by various spectroscopic data and elemental analyses. The...


We present an investigation of the properties of the extended Ly$\alpha$ halo and the large-scale \ion{H}{I} absorbing structures associated with 5 high-redshift radio galaxies at z $>$ 2, using the Goodman long-slit spectrograph on the SOAR telescope, with the slit placed at large angles ($>$45$^{\circ}$) to the radio axis, to study regions that are unlikely to be illuminated by the active nucleus. Spatially extended Ly$\alpha$ emission is detected with large line widths (FWHM = 1000 -- 2500 km s$^{-1}$), which although impacted by resonant scattering, is suggestive of turbulent motion. We find a correlation between higher blueshifts and higher FWHM, which is an indication that radial motion dominates the bulk gas dynamics perpendicular to the radio axis, although we are unable to distinguish between outflow and infall scenarios due to the resonant nature of the Ly$\alpha$ line. Extended, blueshifted Ly$\alpha$ absorption is detected in the direction perpendicular to the radio axis in three radio galaxies with minimum spatial extents ranging from $\gtrsim$27 kpc to $\gtrsim$35 kpc, supporting the idea that the absorbing structure covers the entire Ly$\alpha$ halo, consistent with being part of a giant, expanding shell of gas enveloping the galaxy and its (detected) gaseous halo.


Having a layered structure It examines the relationship between the ratio and the lattice constant of the cobalt (Co) that is thought to be involved in the crystal structure defines it, and thereby, a high crystallinity, high capacity, and also to a positive electrode active material having a high level of safety, the use of this material , to ensure that the characteristics of the lithium ion battery, a safety for obtaining a more lithium ion battery positive electrode active material as a challenge.


For the first time the lead chalcogenide thin films of different chemical compositions – PbS, PbSe, PbTe and PbSeTe were synthesized via Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). High-pure elemental lead, sulphur, selenium and tellurium were utilized as the starting materials. The in-situ Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) was employed to pinpoint the mechanism of plasma-chemical interactions between precursors. The AFM study confirms the best quality of the surface morphology of the films. The IR study proves the wide working rage of the prepared materials.


Abstract : The 120 km region conjugate to the CHARGE IIB payload (Poker Flat, Alaska, March 29, 1992) was observed with a pair of low-light level TV systems. A single auroral streak observed as the payload passed through 113 km on the downleg (+466s) confirmed that the electron beam escaped the vicinity of the payload. The lack of any other detected streaks would be consistent with a beam current (peak) of less than 1.6 A. The location of the payload relative to the star background at re-entry was consistent (within 2km) with the radar trajectory. The intensified CCD camera was found to provide a high quality picture with slightly lower sensitivity than that of the older image orthicon camera. Artificial auroral streaks, Low-light level TV, Electron beams.


Accurate and effective security encryption mechanism is of great significance to improve network service quality and strengthen network security. There are two main types of encryption mechanisms used in existing networks. The first is to adopt the same encryption method for all data packets. It is impossible to selectively and dynamically encrypt data packets according to the importance of the data packets. The second is the selective encryption of data. This method mainly targets specific format files and is not universal. To improve the centralized management of network security and the automatic deployment of encryption algorithms, this paper proposes a flexible encryption for reliable transmission based on the P4 programmable platform, which implements on-demand encryption of data packet based on the degree of privacy. Specifically, according to the actual application scenario, use the open network operating system (ONOS) to send different security encryption policies to various data packets dynamically. Based on the P4 programmable platform, data packets are encrypted and decrypted separately in the data plane. The experimental results show that under the premise of ensuring the encryption overhead, improving the security of data transmission in the network.


Among the huge worldwide population of diabetic patients, renal disease is a significant and alltoo-common complication. Nephropathy, characterised by albuminuria and a decreasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR), will develop in more than 40 % of those with type 1 or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In type 2 or non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM), nephropathy is less prevalent (5-10 %), but affects as many patients because it is far more common (nearly 90 % of all diabetics). Type 1 diabetes usually begins at an earlier age than the adult onset type 2 diabetes and is believed to result from a different cause.


The artificial hip is a rich environment for the tribologist. This research investigated tribology and corrosion in CoCrMo alloy hip implants and extended the characterization methods and analyses to similar systems. The first project examined differences in corrosion behavior in the biomedical CoCrMo alloy using TEM and EDS. At the corroding grain boundaries, we found nanoscale chromium-rich carbides. These carbides caused chromium depleted zones which leads to corrosion, a process commonly referred to as sensitization. The chromium depletion and grain boundary crystallography data were used to develop a model showing nanoscale sensitization initiated grain boundary crevice corrosion. The next area of research looked at nanotribology of solid lubricants and formation of tribolayers. In situ TEM was used to directly observe the sliding interface of nanoflakes of molybdenum disulfide. Investigating low friction mechanisms of the lamellar solid lubricant revealed that the deck-of-cards sliding assumption present in the literature was not true. Instead, we showed sliding and transfer layer formation occurred at one interface only. The in situ sliding tests also revealed that the nanoflakes are unstable during sliding due to rolling, reorientation, flake pull apart, and adhesion changes. The final project analyzed a variety of carbon tribofilms, including the tribolayer found in metal-on-metal hips and the varnish tribofilm that forms in industrial machines. We characterized the carbon varnish film and showed similarities to published work on other graphitic carbon films. By comparing the nanoscale bonding and formation mechanisms, striking similarities were found that could inspire future cross-discipline advancements. Together, this work examined the relationships between wear, corrosion, and tribology to connect nanoscale structure and composition to applied performance.


Joining the party heart and soul is the basic demand for keeping the quality of college student party mem-bers.In this paper,the author surveyed the problems of university students joining the party heart and soul,analyzed the cause objectively and subjectively,then put forward measures of improvement,such as strengthening educatonal guide to student party members for the general party branches,carrying out regular party activities of various forms,improving the institutional system of developing party members,insisting on integrating the responsibility of party members into real life effectively.


173 The Medical Journal of Malaysia (MJM) is an old journal, and it is really hard to tell how old it is. It could be 66 years old or on the other hand it could be 121 years old, or somewhere in between, depending on how we do the reckoning. We are publishing volume 66 in 2011. Tracing backwards, volume 1 was published in 1946. However, that was when the journal resumed publication after the Second World War (Table I).


CpGs methylation is an important feature for the regulation of gene expression in vertebreate genomes. In this paper, we present the PAcBio Predicting Epigenetics Toolkit (PAPET) algorithms. PAPET is a collection of general algorithms and tools to train predictive models and predict epigenetics from SequelII data. This set of tools is worth for the PacBio user community to keep up with the fast evolving pace of PacBio's sequencing technology. We apply this framework to predict CpG methylation from SequelII data and demonstrate that the classifiers obtained compare equally with their best in class counterparts. PAPET is implemented in C++ to ensure resource efficiency and an easy scalability to large datasets. Moreover, PAPET is fully multi-threaded. The source code is available at https://github.com/ngs-ai-org/papet.


Comparison of Protein, Forage, and Root Yield Data of Five Pasture Mixtures as Influenced by Clipping, Irrigation, and Nitrogen Fertilization by Clair E. Blaser, Master of Science Utah State University, 1974 Mnjor Professor: Dr. DeVere R. McAllister Department: Plant Science (Crop Production and Management) A study was made to compare the protein and forage yield and root dry weight data of five pasture mixtures as i nfluenced by two clipping frequencies (28 and 35 day clipping intervals), three irrigation intervals (1 inch every 5 days, 2 inches every 10 days and 4 inches every 20 days) and four levels of nitrogen f erti lization (0, 50, 100, and 200 pounds per acre). The study was conducted at the Greenville Farm, Logan, Utah . The farm has about 1 percent surface slope and is a welluroincd Millville silt loam that occurs on an alluvial fan. It is high in potash and phosphorous and is alkaline, having a pH of 7.9 to 8.2. Only mixtures gave significant percent forage protein results . Clipping, irrigation and fertilization treatments did not significantly affect the percent of forage protein but did affect the forage yield and thus the total protein production per acre. The total forage protein yield increases were n early lineal with the nitrogen treatment increases. The yield of forage from the 35 day clipping frequency was greater than from the 28 day clipping frequency for all five mixtures. The


This article focuses on the controversy and theological polemics advanced by the Jewish-Karaite movement against one of the central concepts of mainstream Rabbinic Judaism—the Oral Torah and the legitimacy of its transmission ("Chain of Tradition"). This process passed through a series of formative stages of Karaism: from radical scripturalism fundamentally rejecting any transmitted tradition to the gradual development of alternative "authentic" Chain of Tradition, adjusting its principles to vital social and intellectual needs. This case of intra-confessional Judaic debate is presented here in the wider context of comparative religious phenomena. In fact, this paradigm present in different forms in the other Abrahamic religions can be viewed as a search for balance between the oral and written traditions. In spite of numerous differences between religions, this paradigm explains to some extent the similarity in arguments of the intra-confessional polemics in Abrahamic religions, as well as the similarity in the argumentation of Muslim, Christian, and Karaite polemicists against the Talmud.


In crystals of KDP, grown in various conditions, it is found that the lines of growth dislocations deviate from the directions of minimum energy. The authors show that the change in the orientation of growth dislocations in KDP crystals is related to the structure of the growing surface of the crystal, namely to the existence of growth macrosteps on the face of the crystal


When one considers law school courses whose subject matters relate to domestic violence issues, many come to mind, including domestic relations/family law, criminal law, women's issues and the law, etc. Upon reflection, however, it becomes apparent that one of the most mundane of courses, torts, is fraught with topics that can be taught through exploring domestic violence situations. Indeed, a considerable number of tort issues could be taught almost exclusively by using domestic violence cases as a starting point. Many treatises and law review articles have been written about various aspects of the interaction of torts and domestic violence both in the United States and abroad. This paper will attempt to explore how domestic violence issues can relate to the ordinary first year torts course, and in the process point out some of the many torts topics which can be connected to this overwhelming social problem.


In this paper, we propose a robust detection and tracking strategy for autonomous aerial refueling of unmanned aerial vehicles. The proposed framework includes two modules: a faster deep-learning-based detector (DLD) and a more accurate reinforcement-learning-based tracker (RLT). In the detection stage, the DLD achieves faster speed by combining the efficient MoblieNet with the you only look once framework. In the tracking stage, RLT is proposed to obtain target's position accurately and fastly by performing hierarchically positioning and adjusting target bounding box according to the reinforcement learning. The precision of drogue object tracking is 98.7%, which is obviously higher than the other comparison methods. The speed of our network can achieve 15 frames/s on GPU Titan X. The experimental results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework.


Objective Keeping quantity balance of excipients and OPV(oral poliomylitis vaccine) candy accurately during the process of OPV production is important to reach Good Manufacturing Practice reqerments.Method Research on good manufacturing practice balance formula carefully,use it correctly and make it simplier..Results The result of control over the whole process of OPV candy production ensured the product standardization..Conclusions It is of benefit to Quality control by this way.


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This time-lapse series shows that actin filaments "de-branch" in the presence of cortactin and PI(3,5)P2.

A rare membrane phospholipid helps control actin branching on endosomes, [Hong et al.][2] show.

Branched actin filaments promote several steps in the endocytic


A comprehensive analysis of housing markets is often assisted by insights provided by demographic trends. In comparison to other statistics included in a property and real estate analysis, demographics are a unique set of reliable data with a high level of certainty and also minimal assumptions. With the exception of unforseen or extraordinary circumstances, there is a relatively small error rate when predicting population trends in the short to medium term. When considering the linkages between housing, employment and the broader economy, a sound understanding of population trends provides an excellent overview. The discussion focuses on population trends which will have direct implications for the housing markets. It commences with examining population trends in China, selected West African countries and the UK. This research encourages further analysis from a housing market perspective, but the contrast between these countries is striking. It is accepted that housing market research is directly inter-related with other factors including the maturity of individual countries, the level of development of their economy, the underlying wealth of the residents and the aggregate number of residents. The analysis commenced with an examination of the long-term population of China between 1950 and 2013 as shown in Figure 1. In 1950, there were 551,960,000 residents, although by 1990, this had doubled to 1,143,330,000 residents. By 2013, the total had risen to 1,360,720,000 residents; however, since 2000, the proportionate growth has slowed. There were two enhanced growth periods which can be observed between 1965 and 1975, and then between 1985 and 1990. The next step was to examine the location of residents in China who live either in rural or urban environments (Figure 2). In 1950, most residents in China (90 per cent) lived in a rural location with only 10 per cent living in a town or city, ensuring China had a very low level of urbanisation. Since then, this relationship has gradually changed, and China has become more urbanized, and more residents have moved from rural to urban locations. In 2010, the balance was approximately equal; however, by 2013, there were more residents living in urban locations than in rural locations in China. This trend of increased urbanisation aligns with the rapid growth of the Chinese economy internationally and the transition away from a rural-based economy. It clearly necessitated the current use of high density accommodation in Chinese cities to house both the increased overall population and residents who have relocated from a rural location. Another important demographic indicator is the fertility rate (i.e. children per female over her lifetime) for each country which transfers into the future population level. While The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at: www.emeraldinsight.com/1753-8270.htm


BEARING UNIT TWO ROWS OF ROLLING ELEMENTS INCLUDING INLAND AND RINGS EXTERIEURES1, 2, 3, 4 DIVIDED AXIALLY. The RING ECARTEMENT7, HAS AMONG BAGUES1, 2 BLOCKED AXIALLY TO THE OUTSIDE BY ROULANTS5 ELEMENTS THAT INCLUDES SAILLIES9, aXIALLY dIRECTED BOTH SIDES AND cOOPERATING WITH THE RINGS BEARING concerned1, 2 ENSURE THE RADIAL RETAINING, WHILE THE RING IS PROVIDED FIXATION8 ON OTHER BANDS CORRESPONDANTES3, 4.


Objective To explore the loss degree of healthy functions in hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted by using Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) in 182 hospitalized patients with CHD.Results Every dimension of healthy functions declined in hospitalized patients with CHD,the total score of healthy functions loss was (25.28±8.58),Functional loss of maximum and minimum dimensions were entertainment (57.19±14.34) and communication (6.99±8.61) functions.The functional losses of total health,physical,sleep rest,home manage dimensions showed significant differences between different genders (P0.05).The functional losses of total health,physical,social-psychological,sleep rest,and home manage dimensions showed significant differences among patients of different incomes (P0.05).The functional losses of total health,physical,social-psychological,sleep rest,entertainment,and dietary dimensions also showed significant differences (P0.05).Correlation analysis showed that age,number of admissions,disease severity were positively correlated (r=0.564,0.369,0.318).Conclusion In every dimension of the hospitalized CHD patients′ healthy functions,the loss degree and impact factors are different.Medical staff should,according to the results,guide clinical interventions so as to maximize the promotion of functional recovery in hospitalized patients with CHD.


The battery including the electrode, and the electrode is disclosed. Electrode comprises a nanocomposite including a carbonaceous material covering the nano particles can be oxidized and reduced, and nanoparticles.


This paper quantifies the taxable income-marginal tax rate elasticities associated with Spanish Personal Income Tax. To that effect, according to Saez (2003), the fiscal drag between 1993 and 1994 was used as an instrument to identify the changes in the taxable income induced by changes in the marginal tax rates. The paper comes to the conclusion that income level, marital status and the tax declaration framework for married couples are determining factors of the fiscal response to changes in the marginal tax rates. Likewise, irregular income significantly increases the responses of taxpayers. The obtained elasticities suggest the existence of efficiency costs higher than those obtained by the traditional literature based exclusively on earned income.


One hundred and fifteen patients suffering from mild to moderate cognitive impairment fulfilling NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable dementia of Alzheimer type were treated for 6 months with a new noot


One of the Musty and earthy smell compounds in raw water is generally attributed to 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB). It is well known that activated carbon and oxidants such as O_3, ClO_2 are effective ways to control 2-MIB. In isotherm equilibrium experiments, 2-MIB in distilled water was much more adsorbed to the activated carbon(A/C) than raw water containing dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The Freundlich constants(k) of distilled water and raw water were 3.36 and 0.049, and 1/n values were 0.80 and 0.42, respectively. The 2-MIB residual rate were Y = e^(0.55_x)~ e^(-0.54_x) with Ozone(O_3) dose by 5 minutes contact time at the 241 and 353 ng/L initial concentrations. The 2-MIB residual rate were Y = e^(-0.32_X)~ e^(-0.35_X) with Chlorine dioxide(ClO_2) dose by 15 minutes contact time at the 89 and 249 ng/L initial concentrations. 2-MIB was decreased from 1911 ng/L to 569ng/L by post-ozonation(70%removal efficiency) and removal efficiencies of 2-MIB by the following 4 kinds Granular Activated Carbon(GAC) process such as coal base, coconut base, wood base and zeolite+carbon base were 95.8, 89.5, 88.4, and 93.7% respectively.


The main purpose of this thesis on medical anthropology by Viktor von Weizsäcker is to evoke physicians what the true medicine for the patient care is, and why the physician should take into account the 'personalism', especially philosophical anthropology and ethics.
Viktor von Weizsäcker, the founder of the medical anthropology had criticized the mechanism and the depersonalization of the contemporaiy school medicine . He had introduced to the medicine the meaning of the subject-problem, the 'Gestaltkreis' theory and pathosophy to solve those problems. Patient is not a tool but a person. Medicine is not only a natural science, but a synthetical interdisciplinary science, especially to take a holistic approach. Physicians should respect to the personal life history of patients and should understand fully the patients through the intimate dialogues(communications).
I think, physicians could be made better by attending to what is important and worthwhile in medicine, namely medical anthropology. An emphasis on medical anthropology and person values(Personwert) could enhance the physician-patient relationship and also result in a more satisfying practice for exemplary physicians. Medical anthropology can thus enrich the practice of medicine by reminding us of our basic commitments for physicians.


The invention discloses a system and method for enhancing a probability of internal measurements in crowded environments. A communication system having self or internal calibration is disclosed. The system includes an antenna tuner, a mismatch component, a receiver, and a strength indicator. The antenna tuner is configured to mismatch an antenna according to a mismatch code. The mismatch code includes or alters antenna characteristics of the antenna. The mismatch component is configured to provide the mismatch code to the antenna tuner. The strength indicator is configured to measure a strength of the received signal.


The results of this study indicated the optimization of the effective parameters in fixing the percentage of gold and thickness of Au-Cu alloy on the pure silver electrode. This method included specific parameters such as the average current density, duty cycle percentage, bath temperature, concentration of gold and cyanide ions in electrolyte, pH, stirring of electrolyte and the wetting agent additive for obtaining gold percentage with standard 18K standard carat (75% gold and 25% Copper) which have been optimized effectively using "onefactorat – atime" method. Under optimum conditions and fixing up the percentage of gold in the alloy, along with changes in the duty cycles (20% to 90%), the thickness of the layers was also optimized. The thickness of the cross sections of the co-deposited samples and the percentage of gold in the deposits were investigated by SEM-EDX, XRF, and ICP-OES. Optimum conditions were determined regarding the amount of gold co-deposited with copper and the thickness of deposits. The results showed that the Au-Cu alloy electro-deposited layer in the 30% duty cycle and the average current density by 0.6 mA cm2 was as the layer formed in optimal conditions with 74.4 wt. % gold and with 202μm electro-deposit thickness.


Background and Purpose—Carotid artery atherosclerosis has been shown to correlate with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study evaluates the capacity of duplex ultrasonography of the carotid arteries as a tool in the diagnosis of CAD in comparison with exercise stress test and variance ECG. Methods—Carotid ultrasonography, exercise stress test, and variance ECG were performed in 184 symptomatic patients evaluated with coronary angiography. The diagnostic capacity of the studied noninvasive methods was assessed by use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves constructed by successive consideration of several cut points, such as (1) the presence of unilateral/bilateral plaques and (2) cross-sectional common carotid artery (CCA) intima-media (IM) area from 10 to 30 mm2 for ultrasonography; (1) ST depression ≥0.1 mV and ≥0.2 mV with and (2) without chest pain for exercise test; and electrical variability index from 50 to 100 for variance ECG. Results—Coronary angiography revealed the presence of CA...


Families of N interacting curves are considered, with long range, mean field type, interaction. A family of curves defines a 1-current, concentrated on the curves, analog of the empirical measure of interacting point particles. This current is proved to converge, as N goes to infinity, to a mean field current, solution of a nonlinear vector valued partial differential equation. In the limit, each curve interacts with the mean field current and two different curves have an independence property if they are independent at time zero. This set-up is inspired from vortex filaments in turbulent fluids. Tomás Caraballo (University of Seville, Spain) Title: Navier-Stokes equations with delays: existence of solutions and their asymptotic behavior Abstract: In this talk we will show several methods to analyze the long time behaviour of solutions to 2D Navier-Stokes models when some hereditary characteristics (constant, distributed or variable delay, memory, etc) appear in the formulation. First the local stability analysis of steady-state solutions is studied by using several methods: the theory of Lyapunov functions, the RazumikhinLyapunov technique, by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals and finally by using a method based in Gronwall-like inequalities. Then the global asymptotic behaviour of solutions can be analyzed by using the theory of attractors. As the delay terms are allowed to be very general, the statement of the problem becomes nonautonomous in general. For this reason, the theory of nonautonomous pullback attractors appears to be appropriate. In this talk we will show several methods to analyze the long time behaviour of solutions to 2D Navier-Stokes models when some hereditary characteristics (constant, distributed or variable delay, memory, etc) appear in the formulation. First the local stability analysis of steady-state solutions is studied by using several methods: the theory of Lyapunov functions, the RazumikhinLyapunov technique, by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals and finally by using a method based in Gronwall-like inequalities. Then the global asymptotic behaviour of solutions can be analyzed by using the theory of attractors. As the delay terms are allowed to be very general, the statement of the problem becomes nonautonomous in general. For this reason, the theory of nonautonomous pullback attractors appears to be appropriate. Maŕıa José Garrido Atienza (University of Seville, Spain) Title: Stochastic lattice models with fractional noisy inputs Abstract: The aim of this talk is to analyze stochastic lattice equations driven by a non-trivial multiplicative fractional Brownian motion (fBm) with Hurst parameter in (1/2,1). We will obtain the existence of a unique solution for the model, that will rely on a fixed point argument, based on nice estimates satisfied by the stochastic integral with an fBm as integrator. Further, we will focus on investigating the long time behavior of the solution, proving that when zero is a solution of the model and the initial condition belongs to a neighborhood of zero, then the corresponding solution of the lattice equation is exponentially stable with some exponential rate. The aim of this talk is to analyze stochastic lattice equations driven by a non-trivial multiplicative fractional Brownian motion (fBm) with Hurst parameter in (1/2,1). We will obtain the existence of a unique solution for the model, that will rely on a fixed point argument, based on nice estimates satisfied by the stochastic integral with an fBm as integrator. Further, we will focus on investigating the long time behavior of the solution, proving that when zero is a solution of the model and the initial condition belongs to a neighborhood of zero, then the corresponding solution of the lattice equation is exponentially stable with some exponential rate. Jerome Goddard (Auburn University Montgomery) Title: Modeling the effects of U-shaped density dependent dispersal via reaction diffusion equations Abstract: Dispersal is broadly defined as movement from one habitat patch to another and typically is considered to encompass three stages: 1) emigration, 2) inter-patch movement, & 3) immigration. Dispersal can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on the persistence of spatially structured systems. Recent empirical results indicate that certain organisms? emigration from a patch is dependent on their own density?known as density dependent emigration. In fact, a U-shaped relationship between density and emigration has been observed in several organisms in field studies. To date, little is known about the patch-level consequences of such a dispersal strategy. In this talk, we will discuss a population model built upon the reaction diffusion framework that is designed to model the patch-level effects of U-shaped density dependent emigration. In particular, we will Dispersal is broadly defined as movement from one habitat patch to another and typically is considered to encompass three stages: 1) emigration, 2) inter-patch movement, & 3) immigration. Dispersal can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on the persistence of spatially structured systems. Recent empirical results indicate that certain organisms? emigration from a patch is dependent on their own density?known as density dependent emigration. In fact, a U-shaped relationship between density and emigration has been observed in several organisms in field studies. To date, little is known about the patch-level consequences of such a dispersal strategy. In this talk, we will discuss a population model built upon the reaction diffusion framework that is designed to model the patch-level effects of U-shaped density dependent emigration. In particular, we will


The idea behind this book is a good one. The author sets out to study the image of Christ in the hymns of the early Christian centuries and to relate their forms of language to the parallel development of understanding being expressed in the main christological councils. His collection of hymns begins with the passages of the New Testament, such as Phil 2:6-11, commonly regarded as representing the hymnology of the Apostolic Church. He then reviews such hymns as the familiar Phos Hilaron of the Greek Church and the less well known Odes of Solomon. Compositions attributed to Ambrose figure largely, and after a few pieces from the late patristic period, he concludes with the sequence Victimae paschali from twelfth-century Germany. His main interest centres on the way these hymns speak of the divinity and humanity of Christ. Arianism is


A trial to evaluate the influence of maize leaf defoliation at various growth stages on grain, stover yield components of maize and undersown forage production was conducted in 1999 and 2000 crop seasons at Adet Agricultural Research Centre, Northwest Ethiopia. The study consisting of three growth stages of maize (later whorl, si1king and milking) and five rates of maize leaf defoliation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). Results of the analysis of variance revealed that grain yield of maize was significantly affected by the rates of maize leaf defoliation. There was a significant effect on dry matter yield of stover and defoliated leaf components of maize due to rate of leaf defoliation. Dry matter yield of the undersown forage legume was significantly affected by the rates of maize leaf defoliation. An optimum rate of maize leaf defoliation without affected the grain, stover yield components and dry matter yield for the undersown forage crops was harvested at the rate of 25–50% of defoliation of maize leaf. Therefore, defoliation of maize leaf up to 50% at the time of feed shortage did not have adverse on grain and stover yield components of maize.


This article describes a Group-Analytic, experiential and non-directive training approach taken with postgraduate clinical psychology students in training. Based on median/large group settings, it is aimed at promoting the development of psychology students' professional identities. It uses a particular form of experiential learning beyond the rational and cognitive aspects of traditional didactic teaching in order to stimulate students' own involvement in the integration of their thoughts, feelings and attitudes. From a Group-Analytic perspective, the group is conceived of as an organic entity. The convenor takes up a less intrusive and non-directive role in comparison to a traditional seminar leader. The learning outcomes that may be obtained with this group model are outlined in a description of group process below, and through the content analysis of verbalizations of students who participated in the twelve-session experiential group. The results confirm the usefulness of the Group-Analytic experiential training approach, highlighting the construction of professional self-awareness, achieved through students exploring their own relationship modalities in an intersubjective learning space.


In order to evaluate the occurrence of hemostatic disorders, 37 patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and 50 control subjects were studied by means of the Hemostatic Balance Index (H.B.I.) derived from Raby's Thrombo dynamic Potential Index (T.P.I.) and Fearnley's Whole Blood Diluted Lysis Time (W.B.D.L.T.). Results showed a significant increase in T.P.I. and a ten dency to a decrease in fibrinolytic activity in the TIA group: H.B.I. was shown to be significantly increased, thus indicating a pro-thrombotic imbalance in these patients. The occurrence of similar changes in TIA females when com pared to male patients marks the importance of plasmatic factors in the mech anism of thrombotic disorders in females with cerebrovascular disease.


Commitment from all stakeholders is a critical condition for project success, especially for complex and multinational undertakings that involve intricate networks of resource and power sharing. The challenges of building and sustaining commitment in culturally and globally diverse teams are examined in a field study of 35 multinational, high-technology product developments. The results of this study identify (1) the components of commitment in various stakeholder groups, (2) the drivers and barriers to obtaining and sustaining commitment, and (3) the leadership style most conducive to fostering an organizational environment for high levels of project ownership and commitment to established project objectives. The findings provide an insight into the factors which influence team behavior and performance in complex multinational work environments, and a framework for assessing project leadership and managerial effectiveness. The paper concludes with specific suggestions for enhancing commitment within the project organization, its team members and partners. The presentation will be designed to stimulate critical thinking, dialog and experience sharing.


This paper considers an optimal artificial noise (AN)-aided transmit design for multi-user MISO systems in the eyes of service integration. Specifically, two sorts of services are combined and served simultaneously: one multicast message intended for all receivers and one confidential message intended for only one receiver. The confidential message is kept perfectly secure from all the unauthorized receivers. This paper considers a general case of imperfect channel state information (CSI), aiming at a joint and robust design of the input covariances for the multicast message, confidential message and AN, such that the worst-case secrecy rate region is maximized subject to the sum power constraint. To this end, we reveal its hidden convexity and transform the original worst-case robust secrecy rate maximization (SRM) problem into a sequence of semidefinite programming. Numerical results are presented to show the efficacy of our proposed method.


The social work profession worldwide has been increasingly influenced by globalization and its effects on social issues that require social workers to be responsive and knowledgeable in addressing them. In recent years there has been an increased emphasis on the internationalization of the social work profession and education. With limited examples of international social-work-teaching methods discussed in the literature, there is also a lack of information obtained directly from students on methods of instruction that they most prefer and find beneficial. This collaborative, comparative project examined students' perceptions of methods that make teaching international social work successful at three universities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Georgia. While there were different preferences for content- and process-driven approaches in teaching, students' common interest was in gaining practice examples and exposure to real-life practice of international social work in their own and other countries. The findings suggest that international social work education needs to be more experiential and practice-based.


The Association for the Study of the Cuban Economy (ASCE) is a non-political, non-partisan, professional association whose main objectives are to promote interest in the study of the Cuban economy in its broadest sense, and to encourage economic scholarship by Cuban Americans and other persons in futherance of ASCE's purposes. Of special interest to ASCE is the study of economic and business development issues, legal reform, and social and environmental problems associated with the transition of Cuba to a free-market democracy. Membership is open to all scholars, teachers, students, institutions and other professional individuals interested in the study of the Cuban economy and society. ASCE was incorporated in the State of Maryland, U.S.A., on August 7, 1990. ASCE is a non-profit corporation registered as such with the Internal Revenue Service of the United States of America. Donations and gifts are deductible for tax purposes as established under Section 509(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code. ASCE is affiliated with the American Economic Association and the Allied Social Science Associations.


Despite the narrow therapeutic window characteristic of amikacin, this amino glycoside remains one of the most frequently prescribed particularly against multiple drug-resistant pathogens. In order to achieve an effective antibiotic therapeutic effect with minimal toxicity and, simultaneously avoid bacterial resistance development, the pharmacokinetics drug monitoring is recommended for amikacin. Since amikacin is almost 100% eliminated by glomerular filtration and it is nephroand ototoxic, its exposure and availability in renal patients is expected to be altered in relation to patients with normal organ function. In this context, the present study aimed at assessing the correlation between demographical/biochemical data and the pharmacokinetic parameters of amikacin in an attempt of developing dosage recommendations to renal patients. The present retrospective study included 628 patients undergoing therapy with amikacin and admitted in Coimbra University Hospital pole of the Hospital and University Centre of Coimbra, EPE, in Portugal, between 2008 and 2015. Blood samples were collected 1 h after the end of amikacin infusion and 30 min before the following administration to attain the peak concentration (Cmax) and the trough concentration (Cmin). Demographic data, dose and frequency of administration of amikacin and creatinemia were also collected for each patient, whose pharmacokinetic parameters were then calculated using equations Sawchuk and Zaske. The population was divided regarding the age of each patient (18-34; 35-49; 50-64; 65-79 and ≥80 years old) and regarding the glomerular filtration rate: <60, 60120 and ≥120 mL/min/1.73m. After checking the normality and homogeneity of variances test, ANOVA was used to determine statistical differences among those distinct sub-populations. Statistically significant differences were found between the 5 age groups Research Article


The Southern Brown Bandicoot Isoodon obesulus has declined dramatically in both range and abundance since European Settlement. The species' distribution is largely determined by the availability of the dense, heathy vegetation that formed on the sandy coastal plains of south-eastern Australia. One of the five major areas of habitat in Victoria occurred in the Port Phillip-Western Port-West Gippsland region of Victoria. This 'south central' region is one of the most populated and developed regions in Australia, and habitat suitable for Southern Brown Bandicoots has become rare, highly fragmented and influenced by a range of potentially threatening processes. We looked at the historic and current distribution of Southern Brown Bandicoots in the south central region to identify options for conservation management of the species. We found evidence that populations in the Greater Melbourne area, including the Mornington Peninsula, had declined substantially in recent decades. The species is now uncommon in administratively secure conservation reserves in the region apart from the Royal Botanic Gardens Cranbourne, where recent management initiatives appear to have been effective in controlling some known threats. Surprisingly, an extensive population also persists on predominantly agricultural and utility land north of Western Port Bay, around the former 'Great' (Koo-wee-rup) Swamp where they live close to humans, livestock and domestic pets. This population faces a number of immediate threats, yet may be crucial to the long term viability of the species in the south central region. Effective management of the Koo-wee-rup population will require innovative measures to mitigate threats across a range of land uses and tenures.


Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and disability globally, and the burden is expected to grow rapidly in developing countries. In the absence of health insurance, public provisioning, and donor funds, the management and treatment of NCDs such as hypertension and diabetes might result in very large out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPEs) for households. Objectives: The objectives were as follows: to estimate OOPE and to study the association between sociodemographic characteristics and OOPE among patients suffering from NCDs. Materials and Methods: The sample size was estimated based on a mean OOPE of 63.5 Indian rupees (INR), with a standard deviation (SD) of 110 INR, a sample size of 464 was obtained, and individuals with NCDs were interviewed. Results: Of the total 464 participants, 325 (70%) were female and 139 (30%) were male, with a mean (SD) age of 55.78 ± 13.204. Three hundred and two (65.1%) participants were having hypertension and 232 (50%) were having diabetes. The mean total OOPE was 1173.0603 (INR), with a SD of 1424.54108 (INR), and the mean direct cost incurred was 1141.03. The mean (SD) direct cost spent for medication was 895.61 ± 1100.32, for the laboratory was 148.38 ± 440.7, and for consultation was 97.04 ± 113.86. Only 34 (7.7%) participants were having health insurance. There was an association between the OOPE and sociodemographic profiles such as occupation, educational status, and economic status where the P (<0.05) was noted as P = 0.004, P = 0.024, and P < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Knowledge and awareness about health insurance scheme and their benefits help in reducing the OOPE.


A numerical study into the unsteady aerodynamics of a ducted helicopter tail rotor is presented. Computations were carried out for ideal hover flight conditions and under the influence of side-wind. The results are validated against existing experimental performance data. The investigated numerical model incorporates the full annulus turbomachinery components as well as the entire tail boom including non-axis-symmetric casing contour, drive shaft fairing, fin and stabilisers. The rotor is characterised by an uneven azimuth-wise blade distribution, while the stator vanes complemented by the drive shaft fairing are distributed evenly. For the computational fluid dynamics analysis the fully turbulent three-dimensional Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations were solved on a Chimera grid system with 24.7 million cells. Besides thrust and shaft power characteristics, the varying blade loading due to the azimuth-wise position and the side-wind effect is analysed.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Putative pre-biological processes in hypothetical protocells on early earth have so far been investigated mainly by bottom-up approaches using singular giant lipid vesicles. We used a different and unique top-down approach, and employed cell wall-deficient Listeria monocytogenes L-form cells to probe possible properties and constraints of primordial life. Due to their morphological similarity to giant lipid vesicles and ability to aggregate to huge colony-like assemblies, we believe L-forms may well resemble primitive cell communities. We found that L-form cells feature a high membrane permeability and fluidity, which can support uptake of extracellular DNA and proteins from the growth environment, without specific enhancers or external stimuli. Furthermore, L-forms were observed to undergo membrane fusion, resulting in heteroploid cells with mixed genetic traits and phenotypes. Isolated single heteroploids undertook spontaneous and rapid differentiation to monoploids which may provide insights on DNA distribution in primitive cellular systems. Altogether, our findings contribute to a convergence of bottom-up and top-down approaches to better understand processes that may have taken place in protocell evolution.


Symmetry in nanomaterials is essential to know the behavior of their properties. In the present research, the photocatalytic properties of SnO2 and ZnO nanoparticles were compared for the degradation of the cationic dyes Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RB). The nanoparticles were obtained through a green synthesis process assisted by Randia echinocarpa extracts; they were then analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to characterize their structure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify the morphology and disclose nanoparticle size, and the optical properties were studied through Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The results show that the synthesized SnO2 and ZnO nanomaterials have quasispherical morphologies with average sizes of 8–12 and 4–6 nm, cassiterite and wurtzite crystal phases, and band gap values of 3.5 and 3.8 eV, respectively. The photocatalytic activity yielded 100% degradation of the MB and RB dyes in 210 and 150 min, respectively. ZnO performed higher photocatalytic degradation of the cationic dyes than SnO2 due to a higher content of Randia echinocarpa extracts remaining after the green synthesis process.


The site of action of 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide on the electron transport chain of isolated spinach chloroplasts was studied with the aid of artificial donors or acceptors and known specific inhibitors.The photooxidation of reduced DCPIP or TMPD, initiated by PS-I, was inhibited strongly by KCN, but not by HOQNO.When oxidized PD or TMPD was used as the lipophilic electron acceptor of PS-Ⅱ, their photoreduotion, while insensitive to DBMIB, was shown to be seriously inhibited by HOQNO. The photoreduction of Hg~(++) compound, again an electron acceptor of PS-Ⅱ, was inhibited by DCMU, but almost completely insensitive to HOQNO or DBMIB.In summing up the results obtained, it is suggested that one inhibitory site of HOQNO on the photosyntheio electron transport chain is located near the reducing side of PS-Ⅱ, somewhere between the DCMU inhibitory site and plastoquinone.


In this paper,orthogonal design is applied in the optimization of parameters of the corrugated tube which is used to improve the whole car's crash worthiness. The result shows that the thickness of the corrugated tube has the greatest effect in decreasing the top acceleration of the car,followed by the wavelength、angle α and the diameter .The result is of an instructional value for corrugated tube design.This is the first time that orthogonal design has been used for the optimization of car impacting.


Every action, specifically the therapeutic act, is determined by our mental state: love and compassion. Positive thinking, which must lead us in our research and our acts, is based on the fact that therapeutic results are determined by a treatment of the entire human being: "Body–Mind–Spirit," which is outstretched, according to tradition, on the four levels of consciousness: Plan 7: Body; Plan 6: Metabolism; Plan 5: Mental; Plan 4: Information (Spirituality). Within the context of a chronic condition, homeopathy practice and the use of differentiations factors have been an example of the possible patient's transformation (a journey toward the health state) and of the dialogue between science and spirituality.


Abstract. Operating under several assumptions regarding density-dependant dispersal, a novel way of visualizing the source-sink dynamics of metapopulations is introduced in which vector calculus operators were applied to approximated surface functions. First, occurrence data were used to create a population density matrix for a fictional Genus species, which was modeled as a 3-dimensional scatter plot. Next, the data were fitted to an approximated function corresponding to the data's 3-dimensional surface, permitting the data to be treated as a scalar field. This scalar field was then subjected to the gradient and divergence operators to produce a mathematical model of G. species migration and source-sink dynamics, respectively.


Provenance of sediments from the meddle Okinawa Trough has always been a focused problem, for which, many researches have conducted in terms of the mineralogy and geochemistry. However, none of them is not concerned with quantitative partition of mixed sediments according their endmembers. In the present paper, the provenance of mixed surface sediments from the middle Okinawa Trough is discussed using Sr and Nd isotopes, on the basis of which the sediments are partitioned into endmembers using strontium isotope. It is shown that the 87 Sr?/ 86 Sr and 143 Nd?/ 144 Nd ratios of silicate facies in mixed sediments of the western slope from the middle Okinawa Trough are equal to those of silicate facies in the sediments from the East China Sea shelf. 87 Sr?/ 86 Sr and 143 Nd?/ 144 Nd ratios of silicate detritus in the sediments from the bottom and eastern slope of the middle Okinawa Trough are between those from China's land and those of volcanoclastic materials of the Okinawa Trough, demonstrating the nature of two end member mixture. Quantitative partition illustrates that sediments from the bottom and eastern slope of the middle Okinawa Trough are dominated by terrigenous detritus, maximum content accounting for 91 07%. Terrigenous detritus gradually decreased from the west to the east, and minimium content is located on the eastern slope, accounting for 14%. Oppositely, volcanic detritus has a maximium on the eastern slope, accounting for 64.92%; it gradually decreases to zero to wards the west.


We demonstrate an efficient, simple, and low-cost approach for enhanced nanoscopy in individual green emitting perovskite (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals via TiO2 dielectric nanoantenna. The observed three- to five-fold emission enhancement is attributed to near-field effects and emission steering promoted by the coupling between the perovskite nanocrystals and the dielectric sub-micrometric antennas. The dark-field scattering configuration is then exploited for surface-enhanced absorption measurements, showing a large increase in detection sensitivity, leading to the detection of individual nanocrystals. Due to the broadband spectral response of the Mie sub-micrometric antennas, the method can be easily extended to electronic transitions in other spectral regions, paving the way for absorption nanoscopy of many different quantum emitters from organic molecules to quantum dots.We demonstrate an efficient, simple, and low-cost approach for enhanced nanoscopy in individual green emitting perovskite (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals via TiO2 dielectric nanoantenna. The observed three- to five-fold emission enhancement is attributed to near-field effects and emission steering promoted by the coupling between the perovskite nanocrystals and the dielectric sub-micrometric antennas. The dark-field scattering configuration is then exploited for surface-enhanced absorption measurements, showing a large increase in detection sensitivity, leading to the detection of individual nanocrystals. Due to the broadband spectral response of the Mie sub-micrometric antennas, the method can be easily extended to electronic transitions in other spectral regions, paving the way for absorption nanoscopy of many different quantum emitters from organic molecules to quantum dots.


This is a second annual progress report on this project. The period covered by the first report (June through December, 1976) was devoted to building and testing a shock tube and an optical system to be used to measure H and D atom concentrations. During 1977 this apparatus was completed and used. The performance of our microwave discharge lamps was characterized by numerous high-resolution spectroscopic profiles, so that the shapes of the Lyman-alpha lines produced under various operating conditions are now quite well-known. Measurements of H or D atom concentrations in shock-heated mixtures of D/sub 2/-N/sub 2/O-Ar, D/sub 2/-O/sub 2/-Ar and H/sub 2/-O/sub 2/-Ar have been made. During the balance of the contract year (January 1 through May 31, 1978) measurements of H or D atom concentrations in shock-heated mixtures of CD/sub 4/-Ar, C/sub 8/H/sub 18/(2,2,3,3, tetramethyl butane)-Ar, C/sub 8/H/sub 18/-CH/sub 4/-Ar, C/sub 3/H/sub 8/-Ar and C/sub 3/H/sub 8/-CH/sub 4/-Ar will be made, and kinetic data on reactions of H and D atoms deduced from the experimental results.


Our data collection ability has increased tremendously in the last decade due to numerous advances in computer science, software development, and the Internet, coupled with faster computer chips. Today, corporations, individuals, and academic researchers are challenged by the problem of analyzing databases containing between 1010 to 1012 bytes of data with the number of fields ranging from 10 to 104. Datasets with these characteristics are classified by the Huber/Wegman taxonomy of datasets as massive. Many algorithms are currently used in data analysis; however, most of these algorithms were developed before the emergence of computer technology when most datasets could be stored on a few sheets of paper and complexity was not a problem. Attempts to use these algorithms to perform real-time analyzes or organize massive datasets with the fastest computers available today are bound to fail. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new algorithms, or scale up existing ones in order to handle such a challenging task.
The main drawback of existing clustering algorithms is the high computational effort required to achieve the results; this is why these techniques become impracticable when applied to massive datasets.
The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a low computational complexity algorithm that clusters massive datasets. The inspiration of this algorithm is based on the idea elaborated by Silverman [2] that the clusters in a dataset correspond to the peaks in the density estimate constructed from the points of the dataset. First, nonparametric kernel estimation is introduce along with nonlinear-interior quadratic prox methods that are the main mathematical programming techniques that will be used to compute the vector of bandwidth parameters. This vector is computed by minimizing the error due to the approximation of the true density, by the density estimation, using unbiased cross validation. The components of the vector of bandwidth parameters in each dimension of the data help to shape the kernel function so that features of the data are captured using the kernel density estimation. Furthermore a line search is used to find the set of all the local maxima of the curve of the kernel density estimation, which represents the set of all the cluster centers. Sampling methods are used along with mathematical programming to reduce the complexity of the algorithm.
This research includes contributions in different forms, from a better clustering algorithm to the good computation of the vector of bandwidth parameters of the nonparametric kernel density estimation.
The algorithm handles high dimensional data very well, it is insensitive to the order of input of records, and requires no previous knowledge of the dataset and thus takes no input parameters. The memory available for computing is the only limitation to the amount of data that the algorithm handles.


Robust digital image watermarking (DIW) scheme is need of the prevailing digital technology. In this paper, the implementation details and methodologies of major transform domain algorithms like Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) are compared based on peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and normalized correlation(NC). The impact of different attacks on these methods is evaluated. Experimental results shows that DWT is more resilient to all attacks in terms of NC values. However, the SVD shows superiority in terms of PSNR in all adverse condition except the geometrical attacks. DCT gives high quality watermarked image with geometrical attacks but with poor quality of extracted watermark. Efficacy of the DIW system can be improved by taking different combination of these algorithms and their variants.