Background: Recurrent laryngeal nerve is one of the most important nerves because; it is subjected too much variation in its site, branches and relation with the branches of inferior thyroid artery and to thyroid gland. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to study the variation in the relations and branches of recurrent laryngeal nerve. Methods: The present study was undertaken in postmortem specimen from Forensic department and cadavers in the dissection hall after the ethical clearance. The specimens were collected enbloc including tongue, oesophagus and trachea. Also, the specimens were used for modified Sihler's technique. Specimen was dissected and recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified. Its relation and branches were noted. The data regarding the number of branches, level of branching, anastomoses were expressed as percentages. Results: Recurrent laryngeal nerve does not always lie in the trachea-oesophageal sulcus. It lies lateral to trachea. This relation is found more on the right side than on the left side. The relation of the nerve to inferior thyroid artery was considered. It was found that, the nerve was lying posterior to the artery more commonly. There is no significant difference between right and left sides. The division of the nerve into anterior and posterior branches before entering the larynx was observed in half of the specimens, nerve divided before entry into the larynx. In most cases, the level of division was 1 cm below the cricothyroid joint. In few specimens, it varied from 2 to 4 cm. Conclusions: The variation in the position is more common on the right side. Branches may arise from the nerve about 4cm below the cricothyroid joint. It lies posterior to the inferior thyroid artery more frequently.


Objective To investigate the feasibility and short-term clinical outcome of laparoscopic surgery for adult choledochal cyst,involving cyst resection and hepatoenterostomy by the Roux-en-Y method.Methods Five female patients with congenital choledochal cyst received laparoscopic cyst resection and hepatoenterostomy by the Roux-en-Y method.Briefly,gallbladder was removed at first,then bile was sucked from the anterior wall of the cyst.Subsequently the cyst wall was resected radically,while biliary reconstruction was done by the Roux-en-Y method.Results All of the 5 patients underwent laparoscopic cyst resection and hepatoenterostomy successfully.The average operative time was 5 hours(4-6 hours).The amount of bleeding was 50-100 mL.The average hospital stay was 10 days.One patient had mild bile leakage after operation.A follow-up of 10-36 months revealed no intestinal adhesion and obstruction,nor anastomotic stenosis,cholangitis and stones in the patients.Postoperative liver function tests showed nothing abnormal.Conclusion Laparoscopic adult choledochal cyst resection and hepaticojejunostomy are safe and reliable operative procedures.They are characterized by less trauma,quicker recovery,and satisfactory curative effect.


Carbon-based functional materials are deemed to be excellent candidates to adsorb contaminants from wastewater, yet their catalytic roles in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are still ambiguous. Therefore, four functional carbons (SPFCx) were fabricated in this study under various pyrolysis temperatures by using Sedum plumbizincicola (SP) residues (a kind of phytoremediation plant) as the precursors. Notably, SPFC800 exhibited the best adsorption capacity (qe = 26.081 mg g−1) toward bisphenol A (BPA) due to its having the largest specific surface area (121.57 m2 g−1). By injecting peroxymonosulfate (PMS, 5.0 mM), BPA (10 mg L−1) could be completely removed within 70 min. More importantly, the BPA removal was stable and effective even in complex wastewater. Interestingly, radicals played minor roles in the SPFC800/PMS system, while nonradical mechanisms (i.e., 1O2 and electron-transfer regime) were responsible for the BPA elimination, which was verified by quenching tests, solvent exchange experiments (H2O2→D2O), and electrochemical experiments. Overall, this work may provide a facile and green method for BPA contaminated-wastewater purification and promote the application of AOPs in environmental remediation.


The human-elephant conflict study conducted between 1995 to 1997 records occurrence of 62 elephants in South West Bengal , inhibiting 3 ,368 km 2 , in four localized sub.groups (n=26) and the group (n=36) that seasonally migrates from adjoining Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary , Bihar. Occurrence of intense crop depredation was only 5.5% of the total cultivated area available within the movement range of elephant. Landscape mosaic with cropland to forest ratios of 1.2:1 respectively had high depredation. Intensity of crop damage was higher between Sept. to Dec. (51.8%) followed by Jan. to Apr. (33.6%) , and May to Aug. (14.5%). The estimated crop loss was Rs. 3.2 crores. On an annual basis 13 people are being killed most of which occurred between Jan. to Apr. (48.52%) in post paddy season. Adult males in localized sub.groups were responsible for most (72%) of the human kills. Population management of these elephants through translocation or removal must be seen and integrated with the overall national planning for elephant management.


The drying characteristics of Rich Acaica(Acacia confusa) wood was investigated following the procedure described in the 100℃ test method. The drying rate was 0.32%/h and the drying duration lasted for 228 hours (9.5 days). Performance test results showed that Rich Acaica belongs to the wood drying classification of "difficult to dry", yet this study demonstrated that the quality was capable of reaching the Chinese National Standard second grade level for sawn lumber drying. 


This chapter addresses Dickens's career-long engagement with the ills of mid-nineteenth-century society. It stresses the importance of the 1832 Reform Act in determining Dickens's limited engagement with the political process and creating a broad, socially conscious readership for his novels. Dickens neither created an agenda for reform nor achieved specific legislative change. His engagement with reform was less a campaign than a dialogue, enlarging the knowledge of his readers and increasing their commitment to change. He subverted the emerging structures of power less by direct attack and more by addressing his broad readership as equal moral beings, capable of challenging the agents and agencies of authority, whether in political action or private philanthropy.


The polymorphic technology of computer virus is a hit as well as difficulty in computer virus technology research.It can make virus have unfixed signature to oppose detection of anti-virus software.This paper analyzes the principles of virus polymorphism and proposes the critical technology in polymorphic engines,which paves the way for the theory for detecting and killing the virus.


Although male mosquitofish invest little in their progeny, the simultaneous availability of many potential mates and the large variance in their quality are expected to favour the evolution of mechanisms of male mate choice. Males of Gambusia holbrooki were shown to exhibit sexual preferences when presented simultaneously with two potential mates. When females differed in size, males showed more sexual activity directed at the larger of the two and the time spent with this female increased with the difference between the two females. This preference, however, was lower than expected if males spent time in direct proportion to the difference in fertility between females. In the second part of the study, females which had just delivered were found to be clearly preferred over gravid females. Attractiveness of females dropped after the third day, and disappeared in the sixth day after parturition. The results are discussed in relation to the probable occurrence of sperm competition and sperm displacement in this species.


The problem is considered of fitting circular arcs to discrete data using orthogonal distance regression. This can be formulated as a constrained nonlinear least squares problem, and an efficient Gauss-Newton method is developed. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


PERSPECTIVES In the beginning of the third millenium, Berlin, like so many times in its history, is sparkling with contrasts. Historical allusions and, at the same time, contradictions abound, especially in the city's center. Today's offices and conference rooms of the Freie Demokratiscbe Partei ("F.D.P.") liberal-libertarian members of Parliament and its faction in the Bundestag, for example, are located in the former so-called Ministry of Justice of the Deutsche Demokratische Republik ("GDR"), in a building which, until 1945, was an annex to the German Reich's Ministry of the Interior. As late as the summer of 1989, few people would have envisioned democratically elected representatives of a reunified Germany going about their legislative tasks in the building complex at Dorotheenstrasse 93. Now it has become the site from which those members of Parliament continue to strive for democracy and the Rechtsstaat (rule of law) to make their contribution to reunification. Even so, molding together the two political systems, with their utterly different social and economic organization, in a way that results not only in law but in justice, has been a Herculean task, especially during the first few years following reunification. In the course of four decades, the two legal systems had grown apart considerably. Putting together the two fundamentally different legal systems proved an immensely complex, huge and challenging task. I. THE LEGISLATURE'S ROLE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EVENTS OF 1989-90 A. The Period of Transition. In the transition period toward the end of 1989, the Federal Republic of Germany instituted several expert committees, especially for economic issues, transportation, and postal and telecommunication services, while the Ministry of justice, for the time being, considered it prudent to remain silent. As late as the end of 1989, the judiciary of the GDR had shown no inclination to remove any of their staff. The judiciary had only a few weeks earlier inflicted harsh punishments on GDR citizens for demonstrations and public protests and had-as was eventually discovered-tightly cooperated with the much-hated Ministerium fuer Staatssicherheit, the secret police. Yet neither the attorney general, responsible within the ministry for the field of criminal law, which was heavily misused as a political instrument, the president of the Supreme Court, nor the public prosecutor had been removed from office. Interestingly enough, the latter two were subject to immediate supervision by the Staatsrat (State Council) and the Volkskammer (the "people s's" assembly of representatives), but not the GDR Ministry of Justice. Even though there were hints at self-critique and a willingness for reforms, the GDR was so reluctant that then-Attorney General Hans A. Engelhard considered it unwise to initiate political negotiations. Everybody involved was well aware that improving legal cooperation must be a top priority. On top of this, many former residents of the GDR who had relocated to the Federal Republic after the wall came down wanted and needed to travel to the GDR in order to settle both private and administrative matters. These problems were an issue in the Common Declaration by Chancellor Helmut Kohl and Prime Minister Hans Modrow on December 20, 1989. It was agreed that, in the best interest of the people involved and in order to continue the consultations about legal cooperation and to institute an expert committee for consultations on legal cooperation and relief, legal and administrative cooperation should be instituted in a constructive manner, without bureaucratic hurdles. In order to comply with the Common Declaration, then-Deputy Attorney General Dr. Klaus Kinkel asked the chief official of the permanent representation office of the Federal Republic of Germany with the GDR to inquire with the GDR Ministry of Justice in which manner and especially with whom expert talks might take place. …


A prospective search was performed in the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer records for patients with PSCC who had documented evidence of at least one ENE-positive LN. We identified 61 consecutive patients with PSCC in whom LN metastases (LNMs) were surgically resected between January 2001 and January 2010. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Of the 61 patients, 31 were diagnosed with pathological ENE and were included in the next analysis. All of the patients underwent standard bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy (inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND)) and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Surgery was performed by four experienced staff urologists. Information on age, maximum preoperative diameter of LNs, pathological tumor stage, histopathological grade, number of positive inguinal LNs, bilateral inguinal LN involvement or not, number of LNs with ENE, degree of ENE, bilateral inguinal LNs with ENE, ENE density and status of pelvic LNs was retrieved from the medical records. With the exception of age, diameter of LNs, ENE density and number of metastatic inguinal LNs, other factors were coded as categorical variables. ENE density was defined as the ratio of the number of ENE LNs to the total number of positive LNs. INTRODUCTION Extranodal extension (ENE) of tumor cells beyond the capsule of the lymph nodes (LNs) is widely regarded as a prognostic factor in many solid tumors, such as breast cancer,


Grain-size sorting in subaqueous grain flows of a continuous range of grain sizes is studied experimentally with three mixtures. The observed pattern is a combination of stratification and gradual segregation.
The stratification is caused by kinematic sieving in the grain flow. The segregation is caused by the down-slope overpassing of larger grains over smaller grains subsequent to kinematic sorting, and by the drag
of the grain flows on the underlying grains causing erosion and additional down-slope transport of the larger grains. The sorting rate along the grain flows increases with the grain size standard deviation as expected. However, for the largest grain size range, a new slope failure mechanism emerged that increases the downslope
sorting rate. Instead of drag and erosion of larger grains by the grain flows moving over them, about the lower half of the slope fails as a whole when the grain flow arrives at about the midpoint of the slope. This
slope instability occurs due to stratification in the previous flow: the large grains lie on top of small grains
which causes a smaller friction angle (static angle of repose), which is nearly equal to the topographic angle of the deposit.


In this article, we propose an algorithm for the set-point-following performance assessment of a PID controller and for the retuning of the parameters in case the obtained response is not satisfactory. The technique is based on the SIMC tuning rules and can be applied simply by evaluating a set-point step response. Simulation and experimental results obtained with laboratory-scale equipment show the effectiveness of the methodology.


Presently, one of the critical challenges for mobile operators is how to implement in the near future a 5G network. This network must support a variety of use cases each of them with different requirements. 5G use cases are so diverse and challenging that the 5G networks must be customizable for the broad range of individual scenarios. We analyze in this paper the steps, objectives, architecture and specific requirements necessary for development and implementation of a Smart City Use Case in a 5G mobile network's operator. We consider that this use case will be the first that will use the 5G network, deployed by Orange Romania, in the near future.


Dr. Hancock is Professor of (Cardiovascular) Medicine Emeritus, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. A n 82-year-old woman was admitted for mitral valve replacement. 'Thn years earlier, she had received a porcine mitral valve for mitral stenosis. Three years ago, enterococcal endocarditis had developed; it resolved with antibiotic therapy but was followed by increasing mitral regurgitation and congestive heart failure. Atrial fibrillation had been present for the past 20 years. Her medications included diltiazem (240 rnglday), digoxin (0.125 mglday), warfarin, and enalapril(20 mglday). The patient appeared well. Her temperature Was 37° C; pulse, 70 bpm and regular; respirations, 13/min; blood pressure, 128/68 mm Hg; and oxygen saturation 96% while breathing room air. Notable findings included a moderately elevated jugular venous pressure with a prominent outward systolic wave and a grade 6 holosystolic murmur that was loudest at the apex. A chest x-ray showed marked cardiac enlargement, primarily in the right and left atria. Echocardiography showed normal left ventricular size and wall motion, marked right and left atrial enlargement, severe mitral regurgitation, and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. Serum electrolyte, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels were normal. The ECG is shown.


The invention discloses a quick tree-walk detection device based on machine vision. A laser transmitter is a red semiconductor laser and is connected with a parallel light tube by which light beams transmitted by the laser are expanded and collimated and then transmitted to a trunk to be measured. A camera unit consists of a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera and a lens, is arranged on an upright post and is positioned below the parallel light tube; the axial line of the camera is in parallel to a horizontal plane; and trunks irradiated by laser beams at different distances can be distinctly imaged to the CCD camera. The acquired image is transmitted to a note computer by the CCD camera; and image processing programs in the computer are used for identifying the acquired images, calculating the diameter value of the position at which light spots are positioned and saving the calculated data into a database. By using the device disclosed by the invention, the diameter value to be measured of the trunk at high position can be quickly detected.


English speaking is arguably the most problematic aspect for adult learners in Taiwanese
EFL environments. The gap between the curricular objectives and the results of the
General English Proficiency Test (GEPT) indicates that younger generations outrun
college students in learning to speak English. Moreover, the exchangeable use of terms
such as English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
reveals the conceptualization of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) which assumes that
learners learn to speak the target language in a naturally occurring language environment.
This is manifested in Language Learning Strategy (LLS) theories focusing on
communication/compensation strategies. However, the initial pursuit of 'universally
effective' LLS has been called into question and there is a need for the contextualization
of LLS research.
To begin with, this study differentiates the concept of ESL and EFL in order to unravel
the hidden assumption of SLA/LLS. Next, in adopting a sociocultural-ecological
perspective, strategies for learning to speak English are considered as niches rather than
fixed entities presented in mainstream LLS survey research. Specifically, because this
study aims at depicting five non-English majors' qualitatively different ways of
perceiving and experiencing in their local environment (i.e., their constructed reality),
phenomenography is used to examine the person-environment relationships. Lastly,
qualitatively different SLSEs will be discussed in hopes of facilitating a more reflective
way of learning to speak in EFL environments.


We consider the problem of handling digital identities within service-oriented architecture (SOA) architectures. We explore federated, single sign-on (SSO) solutions based on identity managers and service providers. After an overview of the different standards and protocols, we introduce a middleware-based architecture to simplify the integration of legacy systems within such platforms. Our solution is based on a middleware module that decouples the legacy system from the identity-management modules. We consider both standard point-to-point service architectures, and complex government interoperability frameworks, and report experiments to show that our solution provides clear advantages both in terms of effectiveness and performance.


A zero‐dimensional theoretical model is developed to study energy, particle, and magnetic flux confinement during the equilibrium phase in field‐reversed configurations. The plasma is heated by adiabatic compression from the external magnetic field and by ohmic dissipation. Energy is lost from lower‐hybrid‐drift induced particle transport, classical and anomalous thermal conduction, and impurity line radiation. As an example, the model is used to analyze data measured in the FRX‐C experiment.


Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of poststenotic low blood flow in patients with recently symptomatic severe carotid stenosis on arterio-arterial embolism. Methods: Analyses based on a series of 206 consecutive patients (155 men and 51 women, mean age 65.3 years) with a nondisabling ischemic event in the anterior circulation ≤30 days (median 4.5) before presentation and diagnosis of ipsilateral carotid artery stenosis/occlusion (≧30% local diameter reduction). All patients underwent Doppler/duplex sonography, which included measurement of poststenotic flow velocity as an indicator for poststenotic blood flow as well as a 1-hour transcranial Doppler monitoring for the detection of embolic signals. Results: Thirty-seven of two hundred and six patients had very severe stenosis which was associated with reduced poststenotic flow velocity (<20 cm/s systolic) in 17 patients. Probability of embolic signals increased with increasing degree of stenosis and was maximal in patients with stenoses ≧90% local diameter reduction if poststenotic flow velocity was not reduced. Reduced poststenotic flow velocity in patients with very severe stenosis was associated with a significantly lower frequency of embolic signals compared to patients with the same degree of stenosis but no velocity reduction (adjusted odds ratio 0.15, 95% confidence interval 0.025–0.897, p = 0.038, adjustment for antiplatelet medication and time since ischemia). Conclusions: Low poststenotic flow velocity behind very severe internal carotid stenosis reduces the otherwise high frequency of embolic signals in recently symptomatic patients corroborating the hypothesis that reduced blood flow across carotid stenosis causes reduced embolism.


Objective To investigate the curative effect of total pneumonectomy in the treatment of patients with tubercular destroyed lung.Methods 70 patients with tubercular destroyed lung were treated with total pneumonectomy,and the pulmonary functions and indexes of blood gas analysis were observed after the treatment.Results The surgery were all successful in 70 patients,which included 43 cases of left pneumonectomy and 27 cases of right pneumonectomy.3 patients with bronchopleural fistula didn′t receive the examination of pulmonary function.The improvement of FEV1% and MVV% in the rest 67 patients were more pronounced after the treatment than before.(P0.01).The level of PaO2 increased obviously and the level of PaCO2 decreased significantly 1 year after the treatment(P0.01).Conclusion Total pneumonectomy has a certain curative effect in the treatment of patients with tubercular destroyed lung,but the surgical indications should be strictly observed and the operation and anesthesia should be paid high attention to reduce the incidence of complications.


The maintenance of a constant equivalent input offset voltage with time and temperature is one of the most difficult problems in direct-coupled amplifiers. An improved zero-correction technique is used to realize a differential amplifier with a very low input offset voltage.


. Corrosion tests were made on plutonium metal in corllact with carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, chloroform, perchloroethylene, 1, 1,2-trichloro-trifluoroethane, hexane, and Texaco Regal A oil. These tests were made under irradiation and'nonirradiation conditions to determine whether radiation would enhance ' the corrosion rate. Enhancement did occur in chloroform and in hexane. The major radiation products, hydrogen . chlnride in chloroform and hydrogen in hexane, are able to readily react with plutonium.


In this paper, we consider the existence of homoclinic solutions in periodic nonlinear difference equations with superlinear nonlinearity. The classical Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz superlinear condition is improved by a general superlinear one. The proof is based on the critical point theory in combination with periodic approximations of solutions.


A reliable flare system is an important part of most oil and gas facilities. In an emergency or similar process shutdown event where pressure relief is required, the flare system must safely and reliably handle and dispose of waste gas through burning it to atmosphere. However, outside of these emergency cases, many facilities also carry out continuous or routine flaring, where purge gas, waste gas and other low-pressure gasses are sent to flare to be burned to atmosphere.
 As the environmental and subsequent legislative pressures have increased over recent years, Operators are actively looking for low cost, reliable Flare Gas Recovery (FGR) solutions. This involves recovering flare gas and diverting it away from the flare system to an alternative destination, thereby avoiding the need to burn the gas to atmosphere. Most commonly, recovered flare gas can be used as fuel gas or returned to production, providing some commercial value to the Operator.
 As most flare systems operate at low pressures (close to atmospheric pressure), gas compression is required to increase the gas pressure to allow the recovered flare gas to be used as a fuel gas or returned to production.
 Traditionally, rotating-type compression equipment has been employed to compress low pressure flare gas including Liquid-ring, Screw, Sliding Vane or Reciprocating-type compressors.
 However, due to their reliance upon moving parts in direct contact with flare gas, rotating equipment is prone to break-down. For many facilities with an FGR system, one of the most common causes of unplanned flaring is due to the breaking-down or 'tripping' of FGR compression equipment, counter to its very purpose to reduce flaring. These compression devices are also adversely affected by the flare gas stream, which is often poor quality. As an example, high levels of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a very common characteristic for flare gas streams. This 'sour' gas is one of the primary causes of degradation of compression equipment. In particular, this affects the equipment seals and sealing arrangements.
 This paper explores how Ejector technology (sometimes known as Eductors, Jet Compressors or Surface Jet Pumps) can be used as an alternative to rotating-type compression equipment for FGR and how the unique challenges of this duty are overcome.


Purpose:To explore the association between progression-free survival and overall survival time in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with microtubule-targeted therapies. Experimental Design:We retrospectively studied patients treated in three trials evaluating a taxane or an epothilone for progressive castration-resistant prostate cancer. Study subjects were 98 patients with bone metastases; 63 of them also had soft tissue lesions. All scans were reviewed independently. Associations of radiographic progression-free survival and prostatespecific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival with survival time were measuredusingKendall's s, adjusted for right censoring. A smoothing procedure was applied to estimate Kendall's s within each neighborhood of the follow-up process. Results: The overall associations between progression-free survival time and overall survival time were moderate: 0.4 for radiographic progression-free survival and 0.33 for PSA progression-free survival. The association between radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival was weakest early in the follow-up process, whereas the PSA association was weakest when the progression-free survival ^ related event (PSA progression, death, or censoring) occurred after 6 months from the start of treatment. Conclusions: Current measures of progression-free survival time for men with castrationresistant prostate cancer are not strongly concordant with survival time. Factors that attenuate the association include interval censoring and the discontinuation of therapy early in the followup due to imaging changes that may not reflect true failure of the treatment. For radiographic progression-free survival, the association may be increased by requiring confirmation of progression with a second scan, as is routinely done when assessing response. Criteria to assess outcomes in therapeutic trials aim to provide objective and reproducible measures which reflect clinical benefit to patients. The difficulties in assessing the response to treatments in prostate cancer are well recognized across the spectrum of the disease. This is because changes in radionuclide bone scan are difficult to quantify objectively and reproducibly (1), and changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) may be dissociated from clinical outcomes such that a post-therapy decline may not mean that the drug has ''worked'', and an increasing value that it has not. The situation is complicated further by the fact that the most widely used criteria, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (2), adapt poorly to the most common clinical manifestations of prostate cancer (3). Although dramatic responses associated with effective therapies can be identified with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, targeted approaches that stabilize or slow tumor growth and which are not cytotoxic, may not. Given these difficulties, we proposed that the outcome measures for prostate cancer clinical trials shift to what is done routinely in clinical practice, focusing less on whether a drug has induced a response to a determination of when it has failed (3). From the point of view of a clinical trial or clinical practice, the measure that considers when a drug has not worked at all or is no longer effective is represented best by progression-free survival, the time from the start of therapy to progression of disease, death, or last follow-up. Because it is closer to survival time in the follow-up process, one would postulate that progression-free survival would be a more informative (predictive) intermediate end point with a stronger association with survival. In fact, there are few studies that have explored this association in prostate cancer, or for any cancer type. This is in part because the methodology required is nonstandard, as both progression-free survival and overall survival are time to event end points. As a result, any measure of association must account for censoring in progression-free survival and overall survival. Variability is increased because survival times are assessed daily, whereas progression-free survival is assessed at Cancer Therapy: Clinical Authors'Affiliations: Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Medicine,Weill Medical College of Cornell University, NewYork, NewYork Received 7/31/06; revised10/24/06; accepted12/8/06. Grant support:Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Specialized Programs of Research Excellence in Prostate Cancer, CA-05826, and the Prostate Cancer Foundation. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with18U.S.C.Section1734 solely to indicate this fact. Requests for reprints:Howard I. Scher, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, NewYork, NY 10021. Phone: 646-422-4323; Fax: 212-9880851; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. F2007 American Association for Cancer Research. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1885 www.aacrjournals.org Clin Cancer Res 2007;13(5) March1, 2007 1488 Research. on May 24, 2017. © 2007 American Association for Cancer clincancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from intervals. If the intervals between assessments are too long, a measure of progression-free survival can become meaningless. In this report, we explore the association between progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with progressive castrate-metastatic prostate cancer (4) enrolled in three sequential trials of microtubule-targeted cytotoxic agents. Our goal was to assess whether the common intermediate end points for metastatic prostate cancer, radiographic progressionfree survival and PSA progression-free survival, were in concordance with survival time. A close association between progression-free survival time and overall survival would support the use of progression-free survival as an intermediate end point for prostate cancer clinical trials, with the potential to accelerate drug development in this patient population. Materials andMethods The relationship between progression-free survival and overall survival was determined from an analysis of outcomes from the subset of men treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center who were enrolled on three sequential multicenter Institutional Review Board– approved protocols evaluating microtubule-targeted chemotherapy (5–7). Enrollment required histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate, a Karnofsky performance status of z70%, a testosterone level of <50 ng/mL, and documented disease progression following a trial of antiandrogen withdrawal as appropriate. PSA progression was defined as a minimum of three increasing PSA levels obtained 2 or more weeks apart, in which the range of values was at least 25% (8). The event was recorded on the date of the first PSA increase. If a PSA event did not occur, censoring was defined at the date of the last PSA recorded measure. Radiographic progression was defined as new or progressive (25% bidimensional increase) soft tissue masses on computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, or new lesions on radionuclide bone scan. All imaging studies were reviewed in a blinded fashion by a radiologist. The probability of progressing by time t in the presence of competing causes of death was estimated by the cumulative incidence function. Association analyses with two time to event variables. In this analysis, the progression-free survival time (S) and overall survival time (T) were subject to censoring. The measure of association was Kendall's s adjusted for censoring, defined as s 1⁄4 4PrðTi > Tj; Si > SjÞ 1; where (Si,Ti) represent the progression-free and overall survival times for the ith subject. The measure varies between 1 and 1, with 1 representing perfect concordance between the time to event variables and 1 representing perfect discordance between the variables; a measure of zero represents no relationship between the two variables. Kendall's s is estimated through the ranks S and T ; it measures the level of concordance and discordance in the ranks of S and T between each pair of subjects. For any pair of subjects i and j , concordance implies that if the progression-free survival of subject i is greater (less) than the progression-free survival of subject j , then the survival time of subject i is greater (less) than the survival time of subject j . Discordance means that if the progression-free survival of subject i is greater (less) than the progression-free survival of subject j , then the survival time of subject i is less (greater) than the survival time of subject j . Kendall's s provides a measure of the difference between the concordance and discordance outcomes for all pairs of subjects. The SE of this estimate can be derived from U-statistic theory (9). As a result of censoring, the ranks of the progression-free survival times (S) and the survival times (T) are less certain. For example, suppose subject 1 has a progression-free survival and overall survival time pair, measured in months, equal to (S1,T1) = (7, 12), and subject 2 has the failure time pair (S2,T2) = (8, 15). Since (T2 > T1) and (S2 > S1), these two subjects have concordant failure times; subject 2 has the higher survival and progression-free survival times. Suppose, however, that the 12-month survival time for subject 1 represents a censored time, or the last follow-up time. Then the concordance between these two subjects is unknown. It is unclear whether the ultimate survival time for subject 1 would be greater or less than subject 2. All that is known is that the progression-free survival time for subject 2 is greater than the progression-free survival time for subject 1. The association between time to progression and death as a fu


Optical techniques are most suitable for speed measurement of fast moving projectile, particularly when the projectile is of small size and speed is to be measured in the vicinity of the projectile. The design and construction of a system to accurately determine speed of a projectile (bullet) by measurement of time of flight between two parallel laser screens is described. Each screen is formed by a laser source. At the detection end of both the screens, a collector lens focuses the incident laser light beam on to a photo-detector. The collector lens and detector are kept in a recess so that no stray or ambient light falls on the photo-detector. Whenever a projectile crosses any of the screens, the corresponding photo-detector senses the event due to partial or full obscuration of the incident energy. Appropriate electronic circuit is used to accurately record the time when the projectile crosses each screen and time interval gives the time of flight. The distance between the screens being known, velocity is displayed on computer screen.


Abstract : Landing a 5000 pound package on Mars that would spend a year looking for life and making other measurements has been proposed. It is believed that this machine should be a stored program computer with sense and motor organs, and that the machine should be mobile. The author discusses the following points: Advantages of a computer controlled system; what the computer should be like; what we can feasibly program the machine to do given the present state of work on artificial intelligence; and, a plan for carrying out research in computer controlled experiments that will make the Mars machine as effective as possible. (Modified author abstract)


Changes in the total plate counts of bacteria (TPC), fungi (TFC), coliform and pathogenic bacteria viz, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and faecal Streptococci, and the fungal flora during storage of smokeA Amhlypharyngodon mola were studied. There was a strong relationship between the microbial counts and meteorological data during the storage. In the samples of monsoon, summer and winter, fungal colonies were visible respectively on the 75th, 90th and 105th day. TFC was highest in monsoon season. In all the seasons, coliform, Staphylococcus aureus and faecal Streptococci were detected in the beginning of the storage, which gradually reduced and vanished. The seasons in which coliforms appeared for the longest duration was summer (15 days). Staphylococcus aureus, monsoon (45 days), faecal Streptococci, winter (60 days.) E. coli. and Salmonella were not detected in all the seasons. Aspergillus niger, Penicillium funiculosum, Trichoderma longibranchiatum and Aspergillus flavipes were dominant in monsoon; A. niger, Penicillium funiculosum and Cladosporium cladosporoids in winter and A. niger, A. repens and A. flavipes in summer. Of all the seasons, storage life was shortest in monsoon.


Analysis of cancer cell images in medical field needs to be assisted using digital image processing. This paper presents the comparative analysis of image thresholding using two algorithms, Backtracking Search Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization. Two experimental designs were implemented. In the first design the images were thresholded and the performance was compared. In the second design, the images were enhanced before the thresholding was performed. In the second, the original and processed image histograms were presented and compared. In both designs, performance metrics were calculated to validate the comparative analysis. In the first experimental design, where BSA and PSO are implemented to threshold lung epidermoid carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cell images, the values of MSE, PSNR, MSSIM, FSIM and IEM show the superiority of BSA over PSO. In the second one where the thresholding method is implemented after image enhancement process, the histogram entropy and variance show that the thresholding method using BSA outperforms the one using PSO. These results show that in both designs the BSA outperforms PSO. Therefore, the thresholding method using BSA is more suitable for cancer cells image thresholding in processing the image samples for further analysis. This will provide a more reliable solution and effective way for assisting analysis of cancer cells where it minimize the difficulties arises in the conventional way of manual observation of microscopic images.


Located at the center of one of the most severe socio-economic problems in the world, regional development policies, in particular rural development policies, are developed to remedy inter-regional differences in economic and social development. The economic livelihood of the population that has a weak structure makes rural development projects more important. Ensuring rural development by preserving natural resources and cultural values, tourism plays an important role in the elimination of regional imbalances. The phenomenon of rural tourism in Turkey is gaining increasingly more value. For this reason, public institutions and organizations that support rural tourism in Turkey, international organizations, civil society organizations give supports increasingly and the number of projects is increasing intensively in many areas. The route for transfer of Caspian Basin energy resources to the world market called Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Crude Oil Pipeline, which is the subject of this work, is extremely important for the economy of Turkey. Along Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, sustainable rural development projects which are implemented under social assistance programs against environmental damage that may occur in rural areas will be examined and the solution proposals will be evaluated by examining what to do for the development of tourism in the region.


During 1992 each of the major parties in the Australian industrial relations system affirmed their support for a move towards enterprise-based agreements. In both New South Wales and Victoria non-Labor governments began the implementation of alternatives to the established approach to industrial relations, with considerable controversy developing over the more radical Victorian approach. At the national political level, the main differences over industrial relations reform also became clearer. The federal opposition announced its policy on industrial relations which, among other things, foreshadowed a wholesale change in the role of unions in negotiating agreements. The federal government amended the Industrial Relations Act to reduce the discretionary power of the Industrial Relations Commission in approving Certified Agreements. However, its amendments also affirmed a role for the trade union movement in negotiating such agreements. This legislative change and statements by the ACTU suggested that the Accord partners had moved strongly to hasten the spread of enterprise-based negotiation in industrial relations, leaving the Industrial Relations Commission to provide minimal standards.


Objective: To determine risk factors that are associated to the increase in the practice of cesarean section. Material and Methods: Case-Control Study, using a probabilistic sampling to simple random two proportions, with a confidence level of 95% and 5% error. We used descriptive statistics, frequency distributions and grouped, measures of central tendency and dispersion for continuous variables, X2 homogeneity test, Fisher exact test for qualitative variables, determination of odds ratios and logistic regression. Results: 654 clinical records of 327 women undergoing cesarean section (cases) and 327 women from vaginal delivery (controls). Associated risk factors: nulliparity OR 7.57, CI 4.52 - 12.67, p 0.000; previous CS RM 40.16, CI 9.48 - 170.07, p


Popular assumptions about distributive predicates and implicit arguments interact to predict incorrect truth conditions for sentences in which a predicate takes both an implicit argument and an overt distributive argument. This paper argues that the conflict provides evidence for a particular approach to argument structure and in particular to the semantics of implicit arguments: namely, a "neo-Davidsonian" approach, in which thematic roles are analyzed as relations between events and individuals, and existentially interpreted implicit arguments do not appear in the syntax or in logical representation at all. The effect of implicit arguments is produced through the use of meaning postulates guaranteeing that any atomic event of a given type must bear the appropriate thematic relation to some individual.


The theoretical research and application of practice of information architecture have been for many years in China,this article make the quantitative measurement and the statistical analysis on the relevance of retrieved from CNKI,by studying the content,time distribution,researchers,journals distribution and so on,to reveal the current research in this field at present,and on this basis propose the lack of IA research and look to the future.


Instrumentation system measures and records accelerations at frequencies from 0 to 100 Hz and magnitudes from 10 to the negative 5th power to 0.5 g. Developed to aid research on small accelerations in spacecraft in orbit. Also used on Earth: with modified acceleration sensors to monitor acceleration environments of sensitive products transported by airplanes, railroad trains, trucks, or ships.


A study of the relationship between viability, culturability and virulence in environmental populations of Legionella pneumophila" (1998). Wayne State University Dissertations. Paper 1219.


The lattice statistical problem of calculating the residual entropy of ice has been considered in some detail for the hexagonal and cubic ice lattices as well as for a two‐dimensional icelike lattice. Even for the two‐dimensional lattice, this problem appears to be intractable using exact methods, so an approximation method is in order. The series method of DiMarzio and Stillinger has been developed so that the series is completely characterized by the numbers of various kinds of cycles on the lattice. The first five terms of the series have been evaluated and used to extrapolate values of the residual entropy S(0) within rather narrow limits for all practical purposes. The result for hexagonal ice and cubic ice is S(0) = .8145 ± .0002 cal/deg/mole which agrees with experiment even better than Pauling's original approximation. Some other methods are also discussed, and their results tend to confirm the series results.


The verification of the correctness of large programs, particularly operating systems is an unmanageable but important endeavor. we are interested in verifying C programs with formal methods, the logic is separation logic, a Hoare-style program logic. In this paper, we present a simple extension of the syntax of separation logic assertion on existing verification system in Coq proof assistant to make assertions more versatile and flexible to describe the state of programs. Moreover, we develop several tactics for proving some related assertions to reduce manual proof as much as possible and improve the efficiency of verification.


Interpretation of the function of non-coding risk loci for neuropsychiatric disorders and brain-relevant traits via gene expression and alternative splicing is generally performed in bulk post-mortem adult tissue. However, genetic risk loci are enriched in regulatory elements active during neocortical differentiation, and regulatory effects of risk variants may be masked by heterogeneity in bulk tissue. Here, we map expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), splicing QTLs (sQTLs), and allele specific expression in primary human neural progenitors (n=85) and their sorted neuronal progeny (n=74), identifying numerous loci not detected in either bulk developing cortical wall or adult cortex. Using colocalization and genetic imputation via transcriptome wide association, we uncover cell-type specific regulatory mechanisms underlying risk for brain-relevant traits that are active during neocortical differentiation. Specifically, we identified a progenitor-specific eQTL for CENPW co-localized with common variant associations of cortical area and educational attainment.


The aim of this paper is to critically assess and respond to two objections advanced by Daniel Stoljar (2005) against the so-called phenomenal concept strategy. My goal is to defend the physicalist response to both the knowledge argument and the conceivability argument against Stoljar's objections. Regarding the conceivability argument, I want to show that the distinction mobilized by Stoljar between a priori and a priori synthesizable does not help us to elucidate the psychophysical condition for that is a clear disanalogy between the cases presented by Stoljar. Regarding the knowledge argument, I want to show that Stoljar's argument about experienced Mary undermines the fundamental premise of the knowledge argument and therefore it cannot be mobilized to deflate the phenomenal concept strategy against the knowledge argument. My conclusion will be that Stoljar's points are ineffective against the phenomenal concept strategy. Keywords: phenomenal concept, conceivability, physicalism, knowledge argument.


Published study of ulcerative colitis remains nearly nonexistent in Nepal. Simple outpatient clinical records of 34 cases suspected and receiving mesacol is noted since 1994. At the same time 10 cases received operative treatment in different hospitals. Total/ subtotal colectomy (no.8) with ileostomy and mucus fistula or hartmanns' procedure performed. 3-6 months later Restorative ileorectal anastomosis performed in 5 cases. Segmental resection of colon in 2 cases with immediate colorectal anastornosis who were reported as doubtful ulcerative colitis. One patient died due to sepsis and multiorgan failure. Rest did not come for follow up. All this indicate that the ulcerative colitis is emerging as clinical problem in Nepal.


In this paper, a two-control variable controller based on the Proportional-Integral-Derivative Neural Network (PIDNN) is designed to control a certain type of mixed exhaust turbofan engine. According to the working principle of the aero-engine, a two-variable small deviation state model of the aero-engine is firstly established. Then PIDNN including an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer is used to design the controller of aero-engine states model. There are 4 nods in input layer, 6 in hide layer and 2 in output layer. To solve the problems of large steady-state error and long adjustment time of the PIDNN controller, this paper uses the improved firefly algorithm to dynamically adjust the initial connection weights of the PIDNN. The results show that the established aero-engine PIDNN controller based on the improved firefly algorithm has the characteristics of short adjustment time and high accuracy, which meets the requirements of aero-engine controller design.


This paper introduces the background of the content language integrated learning approach, and analyses its theoretical foundation and essential approaches. Then it discusses its implications for English teaching in China and its significance for putting bilingual teaching into practice in Chinese universities. Finally, it also puts forward several problems in bilingual teaching.


In this paper, a method to reduce the number of multiplications in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) by exploiting the properties of the Residue Number System (RNS) is proposed. RNS decomposes the elementary computations into a number of small bit-width, independent channels, which can be processed in parallel. Naturally, due to the small dynamic range of each RNS channel, the number of common factors inside the weight kernels during a convolution is increased. By identifying these common factors and by rearranging the order of computations to perform first the additions of the input feature-map terms that correspond to the same factors, the number of multiplications can be reduced up to 97 %, for state-of-the-art CNN models. The remaining multiplications are also simplified, as they are implemented through shift-add operations or fixed-operand multipliers. ASIC implementations of the proposed Processing Element (PE) architecture show a speedup of up to 2.67× and 1.64× compared to the binary and conventional RNS counterparts, respectively. Compared to a conventional RNS PE implementation, the proposed method also leads to a 20% reduction in area and 16% reduction in power consumption.


Introduction: The increasing number of global health initiatives have contributed to improving access to health services and building knowledge platforms. However, the distribution of activities and knowledge produced has been uneven. To scope the scientific output in global health, publications from 2008-2017 were reviewed to identify major players, assess the extent of involvement of low- and middleincome countries (LMIC), and map areas of research interest. Methods: A total of 3153 Web of Science (WoS) publications were retrieved, of which 2423 were selected for this review. The country of origin, institutions involved, types of documents, language of publication, journal titles, content categories, authorship, themes, and characteristics of collaboration were examined. Results: Over the years, the number of global health publications from both high-income countries (HIC) and LMIC has increased. Authors from LMIC were engaged in 19.3% of the publications, representing 10.3% of first authors and 9.7% of single-author articles. Collaboration across World Health Organization (WHO) regions ranged from 29.6% to 64.6%. Themes of greatest research interest were capacity development, health policy and systems, and disease control. Conclusion: Global health research is experiencing rapid expansion, but LMIC authors continue to have limited involvement. The current study revealed diversity in publications, journals, and actors with a marked influence from developed countries. As north-south and southsouth research partnerships are increasing across the world, it is important to ensure open collaboration between partners and alignment with public health research priorities and needs.


Whole meal produced from fresh sardine had a high content of histidine, while that from rancid fish had a high content of histamine. The toxicity to induce gizzard erosion, which appeared after heating, was stronger in the former whole meal than in the latter. Thus, the content of histidine, not that of histamine, was well correlate to the degree of toxicity of the heated fish meal. Changes in the contents of histidine and histamine were also studied in model compounds during heating.


BACKGROUND Adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL) can be caused by compound heterozygous recessive mutations in CLN6. The main clinical features of the disease are neurodegeneration, progressive motor dysfunction, seizures, cognitive decline, ataxia, vision loss and premature death. CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old female presented to our clinic with a 3-year history of limb weakness and gradually experiencing unstable walking. The patient was diagnosed with CLN6 type ANCL after the identification of mutations in the CLN6 gene. The patient was treated with antiepileptic drugs. The patient is under ongoing follow-up. Unfortunately, the patient's condition has deteriorated, and she is currently unable to care for herself. CONCLUSION There is presently no effective treatment for ANCL. However, early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment are possible.


SUMMARY 1. We describe the phasic neuromuscular system of the crayfish telson and establish its homology with the abdominal flexor system that provides the powerstroke for tailflip escape responses. 2. Three paired phasic telson muscles are innervated by 11 paired neurones which have somata in the terminal (sixth) ganglion and axons in the sixth nerve. These are the posterior and ventral telson flexors and the anterior telson muscle. 3. Studies of embryonic ganglia provide evidence that the sixth ganglion is a fusion product of two ancestral ganglia, plus a partial ganglion that is not homologous with the segmental ganglia. 4. Two of the telson flexor motor neurones are homologues of the single motor giant found in each anterior hemiganglion. Among the shared features which led to this conclusion are: size, soma position, distribution of terminals to the muscles, dendrite morphology, pattern of direct inputs from the giant axons, and the marked tendency for low-frequency depression of the neuromuscular synapse. 5. Two of the telson flexor neurones are homologues of the single flexor inhibitor found in each anterior hemiganglion. In addition to numerous morphological similarities, these two cells produce IPSPs in the telson flexor muscles. 6. Six of the seven remaining motor neurones were identified as homologues of the non-giant fast flexor excitors of anterior ganglia. These can be divided into two uneven groups according to their ganglia of origin. The sixth segmental group of fast flexor motor neurones consists of four neurones (one less than expected) and the seventh segmental group consists of two neurones (three less than expected). 7. The remaining neurone provides the sole innervation of the anterior telson muscle. Although previously classified as a telson flexor muscle, we found that the anterior telson muscle moves the uropod but not the telson. The innervation of this muscle and the pattern of inputs to the anterior telson motor neurone from identified interneurones are unlike that of any fast flexor muscle or motor neurone. We conclude that the anterior telson muscle and its motor neurone are not homologues of anterior components of the fast flexor system.


In 1957 the Mexican government decided to embark on the organization of high profile Interamerican biennials. Although successful in convening a broad representation of countries in the continent, only two biennials successfully opened in 1958 and 1960. By situating these exhibitions, together with the Sao Paulo Biennials and the Bienales Hispanoamericanas in the complex geopolitics created by the Iron Curtain, this essay analyses the role that Mexico's Biennials played in the hemisphere's Cultural Cold War. In an effort to challenge US economic and cultural hegemony in the continent, the Interamerican Biennials became one of the last battlefields for Mexico's famed revolutionary artists, and ultimately an important, if largely neglected, chapter in the history of Latin America's Cold War.


Background: Left ventricular meridional end systolic stress (LVMESS) is a quantitative determinant index of LV afterload which is an essential determinant of LV performance. The key factors influencing LVMSS, notably ventricular wall thickness, chamber size and configuration are shown to be altered by both obesity and type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There exist reports implicating high free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) but not growth hormone (GH) levels, with increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI), abnormal LV geometric remodeling, and A1c levels.
Objective: to explore whether a meaningful link exists between LVMESS and free IGF-1 plasma levels, in obese middle-aged and elderly individuals with or without T2DM.
Methodology: In this cross sectional study, a total of 145 participants Involved. Middle aged and elderly obese individuals with or without T2 DM were matched with healthy lean subjects of the same age group, with or without T2 DM. LVMESS and IGF-1 levels were compared between groups; group differences were analyzed using unpaired t test and linear correlation test. Data were expressed as the mean ± S.D, using SPSS version 18).
Results: LVMESS values showed significant decrease in diabetic patients compared to control in both middle and old aged subjects. IGF-1, concentration levels were lower in the elderly obese diabetics compared to control, with significant (r=0.462; p= 0.04) negative correlation with LVMESS in healthy obese old aged, and a negative but non-significant correlation with LVMESS in lean old aged with or without diabetics
Conclusion: Nonlinear correlation of IGF-1 levels with LVMESS obtained. It could be hypothesized that because of its negative significant correlation with LVMESS in the elderly non diabetic obese, IGF-1 free level could be utilized to serve as a predictor of impaired LV systolic function in these subjects. In addition the results could shed some light on IGF-1- LVMESS relationship, when considering IGF-1 therapy in certain conditions.
Recommendation: It is suggested that using IGF-1 plasma levels in the elderly with or without T2DM could aid as predictor for LV global systolic dysfunction .However, larger sample size are to be considered.


Model-based attacks can infer training data information from deep neural network models. These attacks heavily depend on the attacker's knowledge of the application domain, e.g., using it to determine the auxiliary data for model-inversion attacks. However, attackers may not know what the model is used for in practice. We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) based method to explore likely or similar domains of a target model -- the model domain inference (MDI) attack. For a given target (classification) model, we assume that the attacker knows nothing but the input and output formats and can use the model to derive the prediction for any input in the desired form. Our basic idea is to use the target model to affect a GAN training process for a candidate domain's dataset that is easy to obtain. We find that the target model may distort the training procedure less if the domain is more similar to the target domain. We then measure the distortion level with the distance between GAN-generated datasets, which can be used to rank candidate domains for the target model. Our experiments show that the auxiliary dataset from an MDI top-ranked domain can effectively boost the result of model-inversion attacks.


Silica based ceramic core was prepared by heat-press molding method,using tetra ethyl ortho silicate(TEOS) as strengthening agent.Influences of strengthening agent's concentration and strengthening times on high temperature deflection,open porosity and flexural strength of the core were studied by SEM and XRD.Experimental results show that the strengthening agent's concentration affects the high temperature deflection significantly but slightly for the room temperature properties.With the increasing of volume fraction of TEOS in the strengthening agent,the high temperature deformation decreases first and then rises again.When the volume fraction of TEOS reaches 90%,the high temperature deflection drops down from 3.43 mm to 1.89 mm,which exhibits the best strengthening effect;In addition,as strengthening times increasing,the high temperature deflection associated with open porosity and flexural strength lowers obviously,so appropriate strengthening times should be selected to make the properties both at high and room temperatures of the core optimal.SEM and XRD analysis reveal that amorphous silica in ceramic core formed by high temperature strengthening transforming into cristobalite at high temperature is the main reason of high temperature deformation decreasing of the core.


[Objective]To understand the circumstances of carbon tetrachloride pollution in drinking water.[Methods]A water sample was collected from water supply sources.CT contained in drinking water was analyzed from a SP6000 gas chromatography,according to the evaluation based on"Hygiene norms on the quality of drinking water".[Results]Handan city groundwater was polluted with CT,and was distributed in a spotted form.[Conclusion]We should make further inquisition into the CT polluting reason and scopes of Hundan city's underground water.


UNLABELLED
The morphologic information from usual hematoxiline-eosine staining are sometimes insufficient in certifying or excluding the adenocarcinoma of the prostate, cases who must be study by immunohistochemistry.

AIM
The investigation of staining for CK5/6 and P63 in cases diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma associated with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study was realized on 56 cases analyzed in Pathology Laboratory of Focşani Emergency Hospital.

RESULTS
We registered a positive correct diagnosis for atypical adenomatous hyperplasia in 86% of cases and for prostate adenocarcinoma grade 1 in 14% of cases.

CONCLUSIONS
CK5/6 and P63 are useful markers for elucidating a positive false diagnosis for prostate adenocarcinoma grade 1.


We propose a design for nanoscale dielectric slab photonic crystals that possess topological edge states. Finite-difference-time-domain simulations show controllable directional light propagation with circularly-polarized dipole excitations and backscattering-free propagation around sharp corners.


This paper introduces about the electric-electronic system of KIOST pilot mining robot, MineRo-II developed in 2012. The electricelectronic system for measurement and control of the robot is composed of underwater sensors, communication devices, DC power suppliers, pressure housings, etc. The robot is assembled by two unit modules, in which many sensors for oil pressure, flow-rate, temperature, velocity, heading and attitude are installed. To efficiently acquire and process a massive data from the sensors, four pressure housings one power housing, one camera housing, and two flow-pressure housings for measuring state of hydraulic system are set up in the unit module (Fig. 4). A vast amount of data from two modules, i.e., total eight pressure housings is sent into the main housing, and then transmitted up to on-board the control room through F/O line. LAN or serial communications through PBOF connectors are used for data transmission between pressure housings. The feasibility, reliability and stability of the electric-electronic system are verified through the prepilot mining test of MineRo-II in 2012.


Educational pathways for young people cannot be viewed as a linear progression through primary, secondary, and tertiary level institutions. The number of young people aged between 15-19 who have not attained their senior school certificate, and who are undertaking vocational education and training (VET), exceeds 127,000. Yet, vocational training can also be complex, undertaken within and beyond the mainstream secondary school context, and often in both simultaneously. In addition, we can no longer assume that vocational training for young people will take place solely within large, state funded institutions such as TAFEs. A greater reliance by state and federal governments on market driven funding models - as well as on subsidised training entitlements - has contributed to a rapid growth in the number of private commercial registered training organisations (PCRTOs) that are training the 15-19 year old cohort. Little is known about how this much commented upon provider type approaches the training of 15-19 year olds, and particularly those that had failed to attain Year 12 level.


The paper presents the results of a research on applications of Augmented Reality (AR for short) which have been carried out in the Department of Fundamentals of Machinery Design, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland. AR is a technology rising from Virtual Reality (VR). Generally, the main aim of application of AR technology is to aid the user in his/her operation in the real world. There are briefly described the applications of augmented reality concerning three important stages of a product lifecycle. The first one is the implementation of AR in machinery designing. The second one concerns aiding a technician in his maintenance work. And the last one is the application of AR in machinery diagnostics.


The one-dimensional spin-exchange kinetic Ising model is studied using approximations based on the motion of single spins. This model exhibits domain-scaling behavior after a deep quench to low temperatures, with the same scaling exponent (1/3) as in higher dimensions. Under slow cooling, the kink density of this system is predicted to freeze at a value proportional to τ−1/z, where τ is the inverse cooling rate and z is the dynamic critical exponent (=5) for ''natural'' cooling programs. The results of Monte Carlo simulations are found to compare favorably with these predictions. The residual temporal behavior in a frozen nonequilibrium state is studied in the short- and long-time regimes, approaching asymptotically a stretched-exponential form.


Several activity-based models are now becoming operational and are entering the stage of application in transport planning. Some of these models use a set of decision trees to support its decision making instead of using principles of utility maximization. However, it is believed that the structure of decision trees can sometimes be very instable and sensitive of highly correlated predictors. Therefore, in this study it is examined whether decision trees constitute the best representational form to capture the behavioural mechanisms and principles that individuals and households use to organize their activities. The paper reports the findings of experiments that were conducted by means of Bayesian networks to gain a better understanding in the predictive performance of Albatross, which is a sequential rule based model of activity scheduling behaviour. The performances of Bayesian networks and decision trees are compared and results are evaluated by means of a detailed quantitative and qualitative analyses. The results have shown that Bayesian networks outperformed the decision tree based approach for all decision agents of the Albatross model. Given the excellent performance, we believe that the research community may potentially consider the use of Bayesian networks in developing existing or future activity-based transportation models. Janssens, Wets, Brijs, Vanhoof, Arentze and Timmermans 3


An 83-year-old woman presented with aortic sac expansion 3 years after an endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). An Anaconda (Terumo Aortic (UK) Vascutek Ltd, Inchinnan, Renfrewshire, Scotland) graft had been used, the right limb had occluded at 1 year and there was a type II endoleak with inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) retrograde flow. Trans-arterial ethylene-vinyl-alcoholcopolymer (Onyx (Covidien/Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA), EV3 Neurovascular) embolization of the aortic sac was planned to fill the endoleak cavity and occlude the IMA origin. Using a left femoral artery approach, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was cannulated with a 5-Fr Sos-Omni (Angiodynamics, Latham, NY, USA) catheter and a 150-cm Boston Scientific Direxion (Malborough, MA, USA) microcatheter advanced around the marginal artery of Drummond until its tip was positioned within the aneurysm sac. Figure 1 is a digital subtraction angiogram demonstrating the type II endoleak via the IMA corresponding to a preoperative computed tomography angiogram. Onyx 34 L was injected slowly until the aneurysm sac was filled and Onyx had just begun to reflux into the IMA origin. Retrieval of the catheter was then attempted, but despite multiple attempts with firm traction it remained in the sac. Figure 2 is a single-exposure X-ray showing very significant shortening (compared to Fig. 1) of the tortuous marginal artery implying extreme tension following traction on the catheter. Endovascular solutions to assist removal of the catheter were considered but all would have involved further manipulation and traction on the already highly tensioned marginal artery. Fear of catastrophic haemorrhage from avulsing the IMA or SMA branches forced a decision to perform an emergency laparotomy, expose the IMA, open the artery, divide the microcatheter and then remove the majority of the catheter leaving just the tip within the aortic sac. During the surgery, the microcatheter could be palpated within the SMA and the mesenteric arcade but once the IMA origin had been opened, no catheter could be seen. Gentle traction then allowed the microcatheter to be removed via the femoral sheath. Mobilization of the small bowel perhaps altered tension on the microcatheter


The spatial statistics of the acoustic field in shallow water are strongly affected by interfacial roughness and volume fluctuations in the water column or the seabed. These features scatter energy, reducing the coherence of the acoustic field. This paper introduces a consistent, mode-based modeling framework for ocean scattering. First, the rough surface scattering theory of Kuperman and Schmidt is reformulated in terms of normal modes, resulting in computation times which are reduced by several orders of magnitude. Next, a perturbation theory describing scattering from sound speed and density fluctuations in acoustic media is developed. The scattering theories are combined with KRAKEN, creating a unified normal mode code for wave theory modeling of shallow-water spatial statistics. The scattered field statistics are found to be a complicated function of scattering mechanism, scatterer statistics, and acoustic environment. Bottom properties, including elasticity, strongly influence the scattered field.


Active research on the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle has recently been conducted with the United States in the lead, and discussion on the topic has been in progress domestically. The supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle has a high degree of freedom due to its state points positioned above the critical point of carbon dioxide, thereby enabling various possible cycle layouts. Most of current power plants employ the Rankine cycle which makes use of as much heat as possible, to room temperature. However, the Brayton cycle with recompression is believed to be the most suitable for power plants with high temperature heat sources, such as the Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) of the Generation IV reactor project, or the high-temperature solar thermal power plant. In this study, the results of previous studies on recompression supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle will be analyzed, and the adequacy of the analysis results including the boundary conditions will be explored. From this analysis the optimum cycle configuration according to the heat source temperature will be suggested.


An analytic understanding of the geodesic structure around non-Kerr spacetimes will result in a powerful tool that could make the mapping of spacetime around massive quiescent compact objects
possible. To this end, I present an analytic closed form expression for the components of a the fourth order
Killing tensor for stationary axisymmetric vacuum (SAV) spacetimes. It is as yet unclear what subset of
SAV spacetimes admit this solution. The solution is written in terms of an integral expression involving
the metric functions and two specific Green's functions. A second integral expression has to vanish in
order for the solution to be exact. In the event that the second integral does not vanish it is likely that the
best fourth order approximation to the invariant has been found. This solution can be viewed as a
generalized Carter constant providing an explicit expression for the fourth invariant, in addition to the
energy, azimuthal angular momentum and rest mass, associated with geodesic motion in SAV spacetimes,
be it exact or approximate. I further comment on the application of this result for the founding of a general
algorithm for mapping the spacetime around compact objects using gravitational wave observatories.


Technology development can be done with materials engineering , one of them in the manufacture of composites . On the development of polymer -based nanoclay composites, the main factor that determines the success in improving the material properties are dispersing of nanoclay in the polymer matrix , namely the inclusion of the silica layer between the polymer molecules, so nanoclay will be randomly distributed into the polymer matrix . This study aims to get the best composition of nanoclay composite polystyrene and determine its characteristics . The parameters varied are the nanoclay composition ( 1 % , 3 % and 5 % ) and the length of the extruder machine in the range of (50 , 80 and 120 rpm). The results showed that 3 % nanoclay concentration at 50 rpm screw speed has the best value on the tensile strength test, which amounted to 55.15 MPa with ad - spacing values ( based on XRD test ) of 4.6 nm . Using SEM observations showed intercalation was formed on polystyrene - nanoclay composites


Spin state predictions for defunct satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) are valuable for active debris removal and servicing missions as well as material shedding studies and attitude-dep...


Thalidomide is a racemic compound derived from glutamic acid. Thalidomide is approved for the management of acute cutaneous manifestations of erythema nodosum leprosum or prevention of recurrence (type II), for the treatment of aphthous ulcers, multiple myeloma and chronic degenerative diseases (such as chronic graft versus host and lupus). In many of these conditions the intravenous administration of thalidomide would prove advantageous, however, thalidomide limited solubility in water and hydrolysis pH dependent impair its administration by this route. In this context, nanoemulsions seem to be interesting formulations to achieve this purpose. This study aimed to develop nanoemulsions for the parenteral administration of thalidomide. In the first part of the study, a high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated in order to determine thalidomide content as well as to monitor its stability in the developed formulations. The method proved specific, linear (r> 0.9998), precise (RSD <1.33 %), accurate (recovery varied from 99.8-100.3 %) and robust. In the second part, different formulations were prepared using the method of spontaneous emulsification. The initial formulation for this study consisted by castor oil (10 %, w/w), soybean lecithin (3 %, w/w) and osmotic agent (glycerol, 2.5 %, w/w). Firstly, the optimization of the thalidomide amount to be incorporated was performed (0.1-0.5 mg/g). From the results of physical appearance, droplet size, zeta potential and drug content during the 60 days of storage, it was concluded that the best formulation, that is, those which presented the best characteristics was that contained 0.1 mg/g of thalidomide. The higher content formulations resulted in drug precipitation after 7 days of nanoemulsion preparation. Afterward, we aimed to improve the stability of this formulation, and the addition of a hydrophilic surfactant (polysorbate 80) at concentrations of 0.5 to 4% was tested. By means of this study, we observed that the use of 0.5% polysorbate 80 improved the stability of the formulation. This formulation kept its properties throughout the evaluation period (60 days), that is, droplet size about 200 nm, drug content around 95 % and zeta potential around -30 mV. The transmission electron microscopy revealed almost spherical droplets, confirming the results of droplet diameter obtained by photons correlation spectroscopy. The in vitro release study, performed by revearse dialysis method, showed that the release profile of the drug from the nanoemulsions is best described by the higuchi model and is identical to that of a acetonitrile solution of thalidomide. The third and last


Secukinumab (SEC) is an interleukin-17 inhibitor used to treat patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Drug maintenance is often used as a proxy for treatment effectiveness and safety in real life settings. We aim to assess SEC maintenance in routine clinical practice and to identify survival predictors associated.We conducted a retrospective, longitudinal, observational, multicenter study including all patients (pts) with axSpA or PsA who received at least 1 injection of SEC between July 2016 and October 2019. We collected patient's demographics and clinic characteristics, SEC date of initiation and dosage and dosage modification of SEC, previous biologic Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and concomitant treatments. Date and reasons of discontinuation – i.e., lack of efficacy, safety issue, sustained remission or others – were collected. Several potential maintenance predictors were tested: age, gender, disease (axSpA or PsA), smoking status, bDMARDs history and concomitant treatment. Among patients with non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA), evidence of MRI sacroiliitis or elevated CRP were also assessed as potential maintenance predictors. Drug maintenance was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and adjusted for baseline factors were estimated by log rank analysis.The main characteristics of the 561 pts included were the following: 363 (64.7%) axSpA, 198 (35.3%) PsA, 329 (58.6%) female, mean age 45,6 +/- 12 years, 221 (39.4%) smokers, 175 (31.2%) radiographic sacroiliitis, 259 (46.2%) MRI sacroiliitis, 198 (35.3%) elevated CRP, 247 (44.0%) HLA B27 positive, mean BASDAI 48,3 +/- 26.8%. SEC was associated to methotrexate (MTX) in 139 pts (24.8%) and was the first line bDMARD in 55 pts (9.8%). The median drug maintenance (MDM) of SEC was 79 weeks (wk) [73-84]. At 52 wk, 245 pts (60%) SpA were still treated with SEC. During the 3-year follow-up, 264 pts discontinued SEC: 180 (68.2%) pts for lack of effectiveness, 47 (17.8%) for adverse events, 14 (5.3%) for others and 23 (8.7%). SEC prescription as first line bDMARD was associated with longer survival versus second line or more: 111 wk [83-138] vs. 69 wk [57-80] (p=0. 017) (figure 1). MDM was not significantly different depending on gender, MTX combo, elevated CRP, axSpA vs PsA and smoking status. Among the nr-axSpA pts, MRI sacroiliitis or elevated CRP did not modify SEC maintenance (p=0.68) (figure 2).Figure 1.Secukinumab maintenance according to therapeutic lineFigure 2.Secukinumab maintenance in nr-axSpA populationIn routine clinical practice, SEC median maintenance was 79 weeks. Fist line administration was the only independent factor associated with improved SEC retention. Lack of effectiveness was the most common reason of discontinuation.Benoît Flachaire: None declared, Jean-Guillaume Letarouilly Grant/research support from: Research grant from Pfizer, Céline Labadie: None declared, Nicolas Cohen Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Vincent Pradel: None declared, Bruno Fautrel Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Biogen, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Lilly, Janssen, Medac MSD France, Nordic Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, SOBI and UCB, Guy Baudens: None declared, Pascal Claudepierre Speakers bureau: Janssen, Novartis, Lilly, Corinne Miceli Richard: None declared, Philippe Dieudé: None declared, Jean-Hugues Salmon Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Jérémie SELLAM: None declared, Eric Houvenagel Speakers bureau: Janssen, Novartis, Marie-Hélène Guyot: None declared, Chi Duc Nguyen: None declared, Xavier Deprez Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Isabelle CHARY VALCKENAERE: None declared, Pierre Lafforgue Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Damien LOEUILLE: None declared, Christophe Richez Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, Mylan, Pfizer, Sandoz and UCB., Rene-Marc Flipo Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Lilly, Thao Pham Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Lilly


Experimental investigations of double ionization provide information on the mechanism by which two electrons can be simultaneously removed from an atom. Information on the two-electron momentum distribution function of the electrons can also be obtained from the experiments. Results for the double ionization of magnesium are summarized and new (e,3e) data presented. Under a variety of experimental conditions evidence has been found for orientation and polarization effects. In addition, the recoil momentum of the residual doubly-charged ion is often large implying large momentum transfer to the core or ionizing collisions that occur close to the nucleus.


We present a phenomenological analysis of data on both inclusive and semi-inclusive spin asymmetries. We examine the impact of the semi-inclusive results presented by SMC on the determination of polarized parton distributions performing global fits with different sets of observables. We discuss the flavour dependence of the polarized sea inside a nucleon.


Traffic flow characteristics is an important factor for the analyses of pavement design. Without proper traffic flow analyses economical pavement design cannot possible. Countries like Bangladesh has limitations to preserve traffic flow data and hence proper traffic flow investigations are severely neglected. During the recent years highways of Bangladesh are suffering pavement distress due to heavy traffic load and causing frequent maintenance and repair of roads. Attempts are made through this research to examine traffic flow variations in a major highway called DhakaSylhet Highway (N-2) that is one of the most critical corridor of Bangladesh. The traffic data has been used from computerized toll plaza on Bhairab bridge along N-2 highway from the year 2007 to 2009 and has achieved various traffic flow characteristics in that corridor, such as weekend traffic flow is a dominating factor in this highway as well as daily inbound and outbound traffic does not exhibit similar pattern. In addition, Thursday produce maximum number of large bus and medium truck traffic and Friday produce maximum number of light vehicle traffic. In case of weekly traffic flow, there is a trend of increasing traffic slightly in second and third week of a month, and the first and fourth week of the month traffic decrease same way. Moreover, average maximum monthly flow percentage occurs more frequently on November and December. On the other hand, February carries minimum flow more frequently. Unlike other highways in Bangladesh, more flow occurs on rainy season (50.15%) than on the dry season (49.85%). In Dhaka-Sylhet highway, the highest average percentage of Bus/Truck/Covered Truck 2 axle from 2007 to 2009 is 42.46% in the traffic stream. The daily directional distribution is varied from around 47% to 53% and the average growth rate of total traffic has been found to be 23.79% per annum.


Objective:To summarize the clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes mellitus and to improve the treatment effects.Methods:The clinical data of 346 patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied with diabetes mellitus were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis comlicated with diabetes mellitus tended to increase in the middle aged and elderly people.Women were more easily affected than men(P0.05).Specific features included wide spreading of the focuses of infection,which were mainly in the caseous form and accmpanied by cavity,high positive rate of bacteriologic sputum,poor curative result and high occurrence of relapse.Most of the patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus mellitus.Early use of insulin might achieve better results than oral medicine in symptom improvement,cavity closure and the rate of sputum turning to negative(P0.05-P0.005).The treatment duration lasted for 1.5-2.0 years.Conclusions:The patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes mellitus have special clinical features.Control of blood glucose is the key for successful treatment.Early insulin has better treatment effects than oral medication.


Context: Incidence of periampullary carcinoma is low, approximately 0.5–2% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. Histologic subtyping has a prognostic bearing. The purpose of this study is to differentiate periampullary carcinomas based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) by using cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 20 (CK20), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2). Aims: To analyze the usefulness of IHC as single/panel of markers that included CK7, CK20, and CDX2. Settings and Design: This was a prospective study done from January 2017 to September 2018. Subjects and Methods: A total 50 pancreaticoduodenectomy specimens were evaluated and classified as intestinal (INT) and pancreaticobiliary (PB) types based on their morphological and immunohistochemical features, respectively. The morphologic subtypes, expression of IHC markers were correlated with different histologic parameters. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used to study the association between different IHC markers with histologic parameters. Probability (P) values <0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results: The expression of CK7, CK20, CDX2 were studied in 50 cases to classify them as INT and pancreatobiliary subtypes. CK7 has high sensitivity (88.2%), CDX2 has high specificity (96.4%), CK20+/CDX2+ has both high sensitivity (94.2 percent) and specificity (89.2 percent) in differentiating INT from pancreatobiliary subtypes. The morphologic subtypes showed correlation with two variables (tumor grade, pathologic T stage). CK20 and CK20/CDX2 expression showed a positive correlation with tumor grade, pathologic T staging, and lymphovascular invasion. Conclusions: In conclusion, morphological classification can significantly discriminate histologic types, IHC plays a moderate role. However, the combined expression of CK20 and CDX2 is helpful in subtyping.


As one of the reforms in the school system since the end of the 20th century,the combined junior/senior high school education,based on the current school system,is a newly created form of education which gives entrants a consistent six-year-lasting education without entrance examination or scholastic test.The aim is to diversify the secondary education,so that students with different abilities and personalities can have more choices.However,with the increase of the combined junior/senior high schools,problems like huge gap between schools,lowering trend of exam competitions emerge,which does not increase the education efficiency but has caused a serious education crisis.This indicates only using neo-liberalism to promote the reform in the school system has a huge limitation.


The South Scandinavian chair pendants of the late Viking Age form a famous and much debated find category. They have been associated with the cult of Odin as well as female seeresses. However, their find contexts clearly link the pendants intimately to a female usesphere and their condition shows that they have been worn intensely. With a new pendant emerging from the detector finds from Gudme, Denmark, the connection between chair pendants and dominant settlements is further strengthened. The female prerogative, the locational aristocratic reference in combination with the chairs association with royal privileges lead to the argument that the pendants have a connection to the deep historical presence of the seeress as a sovereign power across Northern Europe. Her position is explained as a triangulation of Seeress, Odin and King which are all represented as being seated. Consequently, seating is regarded as a main attribute and a recurring and noticeable privilege for all three characters. Thus, the chair en miniature is argued to function as a material anchoring of the socio-symbolic understanding of the seated sovereign seeress. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 30 September 2020; Accepted 26 March 2021


The elastic behavior of a cross-ply fiber glass-reinforced epoxy laminate loaded in tension through a pin fitted with clearance and interference is examined. A nonlinear contact analysis using the Finite Element Method and an experimental study by Speckle Interferometry are performed, showing fairly good correlation. An interesting comparison is performed between FEM results and Hertzian contact theory. Major conclusions are: (I) clearance causes high compressive stress in the bearing area, and does not influence the peak tensile stress; (2) interference has beneficial effects on the joint, as (a) it lowers the peak circumferential stress, and (b) it decreases the change of stress due to the application of the load. This last conclusion suggests that interference can improve the fatigue life of the joint.


The pediatric hematology/oncology fellowship program at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia set out to create a case‐based learning curriculum for common hematologic malignancies that would apply principles of adult learning theory and improve fellows' retention of information in a supportive, goal‐oriented learning environment. A framework we employed in developing this curriculum is that of "flow theory," which parallels many of the tenets of adult learning theory. After implementing this curriculum, which we call "the unknown case," the percentage of fellows correctly identifying a common hematopathologic diagnosis improved from 50% to 85%.


One of the hottest issues in recent years in Dutch administrative law concerns possible obligations of courts to apply European law ex officio ('on their own motion' in the terminology of the ECJ). This paper analyzes the ECJ judgment in Case C-222-225/05, Judgment of 7 June 2007, van der Weerd and others.


Fresh yield of multiple cropping Vicia sativa, which leaves were sprayed by 225g/hm2 and 300 g/hm2 of 'Yiwei' yield-increased bacteria for 2 times respectively, were28 001. 4 kg/hm2and 29 668. 2 kg/hm2 respectively,and increased by 13. 5 % and 20.3% thanthat of control.


As health care organizations begin to recover from the impact of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), we must provide careful modifications to ensure patient and staff safety. Human Factors Engineers conducted pilot studies to begin understanding the impact social distancing can have on required work tasks. Next, an enterprise-level Social Distancing Work Group developed a Quick-Start Guide with recommendations for facility/environmental changes as well as workflow/process changes. The work group met on-location with leaders and staff from various areas across the organization who needed additional guidance beyond the general recommendations. We leveraged our event-reporting software as a way for staff to report ongoing social distancing concerns.


\ a 1 ? lo 20MILES The Santa Clara Valley is one ani! .ll~.L~ I:. M o,e/o o . et ..... fee !s ra n mae~ Tra of a number of waste-filled depres[:Franc/isco\ S .i sions, large and small, in which V-Bay N~ major farm industries of California 37'30' '~ 'k\ 2 > E' i T-E -: ::4 -9: i . i:i 0 i~-::' -37'302 are centered. In common with >i 0 other districts, it is the seat of an t ;:Hamilon intensive, commercial agriculture ,Xi:::". .iiiii:::'i: t that is marked by a high degree of (. -'::".-te:":: wspecialization. The main features -t g ~of the valley and its utilization may -37' 3 \<1^ y<3 j r be seen from a vantage point in the 22,30S' sant Cr,? . -____ , foothills. The intensively cultivated FIG. i-Map showing the situation of the valley bottom, which has been agSanta Clara Valley. Santa Clara County is graded and smoothly floored with defined by a dashed line. Scale I: 2,000,000. alluvium washed from the moun-