The Eagle Bay Assemblage of the Kootenay Terrane in the Johnson and Adams lakes area comprises deformed, greenschist-facies sedimentary rocks and bimodal volcanic rocks. Two volcanic successions are present, an Upper Devonian mafic and felsic metavolcanic succession and a Lower Cambrian mafic metavolcanic succession. The latter is interbedded with archaeocyathid-bearing carbonate rocks. Upper Devonian U-Pb zircon ages of 360 ± 6 Ma have been obtained for felsic metavolcanic rocks of the bimodal succession. Lithogeochemical analyses of the metavolcanic rocks have identified two distinct metabasic successions. Mafic metavolcanic rocks of the Upper Devonian bimodal succession are alkalic, whereas Cambrian mafic metavolcanic rocks are subalkaline. The mafic metavolcanic rocks of the bimodal alkalic succession are associated with baseand precious-metal occurrences, such as the Rea, Samatosum, and Homestake deposits. CURRENT RESEARCH RECHERCHES EN COURS 2001 Article Article Titles Titres Purchase Information Information pour acheter 2001-A8 S.L. Bailey et al. 1 1 Contribution to the Ancient Pacific Margin NATMAP Project 2 School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Station CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6


The aim of this study was to apply the most sensitive molecular techniques in combination with culture‐based methods to characterize broiler farms in terms of the timeline ('appearance' and 'pattern') of Campylobacter contamination prior to and post detection in the birds.


From the pioneering work of Winter [Phys. Rev. 124, 452 (1961)], a magnetic domain wall of Bloch type is known to host a special wall-bound spin-wave mode, which corresponds to spin-waves being channeled along the magnetic texture. Using micromagnetic simulations, we investigate spin-waves travelling inside Bloch walls formed in thin magnetic media with perpendicular-to-plane magnetic anisotropy and we show that their propagation is actually strongly nonreciprocal, as a result of dynamic dipolar interactions. We investigate spin-wave non-reciprocity effects in single Bloch walls, which allows us to clearly pinpoint their origin, as well as in arrays of parallel walls in stripe domain configurations. For such arrays, a complex domain-wall-bound spin-wave band structure develops, some aspects of which can be understood qualitatively from the single-wall picture by considering that a wall array consists of a sequence of up/down and down/up walls with opposite non-reciprocities. Circumstances are identified in which the non-reciprocity is so extreme that spin-wave propagation inside individual walls becomes unidirectional.


Residential community associations (common interest communities such as condominiums, cooperatives and planned unit developments, as well as properties subject to homeowners associations and architectural review boards) have become the dominant form of ownership for new United States single-family residential units. Community associations typically use covenants, conditions and restrictions (also known as CCRs, C&Rs, deed restrictions or covenants) to impose extensive private-ordered controls over unit owners. This empirical study uses regression analysis of a Web-based community association enforcement practices survey, concluding that more intense private-ordered enforcement is associated with increased unit value and decreased covenant violation levels. It also finds that judicial deference to private-ordered community association enforcement decisions is associated with higher value, and that some measures of social cohesion are associated with decreased covenant violation levels.


Political ecology as a framework for studying nature–society relations has come a long way since the 1980s, both in terms of its thematic canvas as well as theoretical robustness. Research in political ecology on hazards on the other hand has not grown as impressively, even though humanity is witnessing increased risks and disasters in the Anthropocene. Indeed, disasters are no longer "extreme events" and have come to be regarded as normal occurrences. This paper delves deeper into the question of the political ecology of hazards and vulnerability by focusing on a case study from Majuli river island in India's northeast. It critically investigates the twin disasters of flooding and riverbank erosion in Majuli by paying attention to the role of the biophysical features of the Brahmaputra river system as well as the political economic forces at play, with a special focus on the role of the state. The paper draws on fieldwork conducted in Majuli over several years. It foregrounds the role of the state in the reproduction of the Majuli hazardscape and calls for a nuanced, disaggregated analysis of the postcolonial disastrous state.


With the way of chemical sediment,Na2SiO3 as primary material,hydrochloric acid including rare earth as solvent,SiO2 used as carrier to absorb the rare earth catalyst is obtained.Experimental results show that the optimal preparation conditions is sodium concentration 0.3 mol/L,concentration of hydrochloric acid 1.0 mol/L,sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate used as surfactant,rare earth dosage 0.1 g,temperature above 800 ℃,calcining time 1 h.The composition and morphology of the catalyst have been described by IR、UV-VIS、XRD and SEM.In the optimal conditions the catalyst is obtained and the average particle size is 17 nm,specific surface area is 1 365 m2/g.The catalyst with highest activity and the adherent rare earth ion is difficult to lose.It also got easy to separate from reacting system,recycle and reuse,the erosion of rare earth is resolved.The simulated wastewater and dyeing wastewater was degraded by rare earth catalytic ozone oxidation with best reaction conditions as pH value 2,carrying rare earth catalyst amount 5 g,reaction time 60 min,temperature 60 ℃,the removal rates of COD reached 90.3% and 82.2%.


Syntheses of 1-(isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthoxy)-2-propanol-3,3-2H2 (propranolol-3,3-2H2) (1) and of 1-(isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthoxy-180)-2-propanol (propranolol-180) (2) are described. Reaction of 1-naphthol (3) with glycerol-2,3-acetonide-1,1-2H2 tosylate (4) afforded, after hydrolysis, 3-(1-naphthoxy)propane-1,2-diol-3,3-2H2 (5). Tosylation afforded the primary tosylate (6) which was converted into 3-(1-naphthoxy)-1,2-epoxypropane-3,3-2H2 (7). Reaction of 7 with isopropylamine afforded 1 in 31% overall yield from 4. Reaction of 1-naphthol-180 (8) with epichlorohydrin (pyridine) afforded a mixture of 1-chloro-3-(1-naphthoxy-180)-2-propanol (9) and 1,2-epoxy-3-(1-naphthoxy-180)propane (10), which was converted to chlorohydrin 9 with HCl. Reaction of 9 with isopropylamine afforded 2 in 60% overall yield from 1-naphthol-180.


The conversational speech of ten female adolescents was analyzed with a view to determining whether there is intonational variation between rural and urban varieties in Australian English. The data revealed that urban females use marginally more 'uptalk' (i.e. high rising terminals) than their rural counterparts with syntactic declarative utterances. Aspects of intonational variation are presented in terms of a prevailing intonational model of English, and discourse annotation schema.


The ever growing importance of humans to depend on renewable resources has shifted the focus of consumers, producers, and even politicians to more sustainable answers. Furthermore, pressure on the oil and natural gas industry has elevated the status of biopolymers in this regard. Polylactic acid (PLA) is unique polymer that offers unique abilities for tailored property derivation; thereby, enabling one to replace many engineered polymers and provide a sustainable solution as a nontoxic renewable resource. As a bioplastic, the tailoring of PLA under various conditions is important to the application and integration into current industry uses. After irradiating high molecular weight PLA in increments of 10 kGy to 100 kGy, the molecule changes can be evaluated through viscometry and friability testing to optimize material properties. The change in molecular weight of irradiated samples was evaluated through dilute solution viscometry, and friability was evaluated based upon generation of fine particulates under fixed milling conditions. As the high molecular weight PLA was irradiated from 0 kGy to 100 kGy the relative viscosity (RV) decreased with increasing dose. The initial RV of 3.52 for 0 kGy conditions dropped to 1.62 after a dose of 100 kGy. The decrease in relative viscosity correlated directly with increasing friability and generation of fine powders. Such controlled tailoring of PLA should permit the user to derive a suitable formulation pertaining to its durability in different operational conditions. Food packaging and medical applications are the most likely industries to benefit from this approach.


......................................................................................................................................... ii Table of contents .......................................................................................................................... iv List of tables.................................................................................................................................. ix List of figures ................................................................................................................................. x List of abbreviations .................................................................................................................... xi Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... xiii Dedication ................................................................................................................................... xvi Co-authorship statement .......................................................................................................... xvii Chapter 1: Introduction and overview of rehabilitation after total hip and knee arthroplasty ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Relevance ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Rehabilitation practices ........................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Functional impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions following THA and TKA ............................................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Canadian versus American health care systems ................................................................... 6 1.6 Clinical practice guidelines .................................................................................................. 7 1.7 Guideline development framework ...................................................................................... 8 1.8 Other guidelines initiatives ................................................................................................... 9 1.9 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 10 1.10 Overview of thesis chapters ............................................................................................. 11 1.11 References ........................................................................................................................ 13 Chapter 2: Patient and healthcare professional views on total hip and knee replacement rehabilitation and outcomes: A focus group study .................................................................. 20 2.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 20 2.2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 21 2.3 Methods .............................................................................................................................. 21 2.3.1 Sampling frame ............................................................................................................ 21 2.3.2 Recruitment .................................................................................................................. 22 2.3.3 Focus groups/interviews ............................................................................................... 22 2.3.4 Ethics ............................................................................................................................ 23 2.3.5 Data analysis ................................................................................................................. 24 2.4 Results ................................................................................................................................ 25 2.4.1 Key themes ................................................................................................................... 27 18.104.22.168 Theme 1: Let"s talk .............................................................................................................. 27 188.8.131.52 Theme 2: Expecting the unexpected .................................................................................... 29 220.127.116.11 Theme 3: It"s attitude that counts ........................................................................................ 31 22.214.171.124 Theme 4: It takes all kinds of support ................................................................................. 31 126.96.36.199 Theme 5: Barriers to recovery ............................................................................................. 33 126.96.36.199 Theme 6: Back to normal .................................................................................................... 36 2.5 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 38 2.5.1 Strengths of the study ................................................................................................... 43 2.5.2 Limitations .................................................................................................................... 43


Tests on reconstituted Bothkennar soil were carried out in a conventional triaxial apparatus and in a true triaxial cube apparatus. All samples were initially subjected to one- dimensional normal consolidation to the same stress point. They were then tested under different three-dimensional conditions of drained or undrained loading. They are grouped in five sets of tests - axisymmetric, constant mean effective stress, plane lateral strain, plane vertical strain and undrained - and it is shown how these tests interrelate. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 859983.


This paper introduces contrastive siamese (c-siam) network, an architecture for leveraging unlabeled acoustic data in speech recognition. c-siam is the first network that extracts high-level linguistic information from speech by matching outputs of two identical transformer encoders. It contains augmented and target branches which are trained by: (1) masking inputs and matching outputs with a contrastive loss, (2) incorporating a stop gradient operation on the target branch, (3) using an extra learnable transformation on the augmented branch, (4) introducing new temporal augment functions to prevent the shortcut learning problem. We use the Libri-light 60k unsupervised data and the LibriSpeech 100hrs/960hrs supervised data to compare c-siam and other best-performing systems. Our experiments show that c-siam provides 20% relative word error rate improvement over wav2vec baselines. A c-siam network with 450M parameters achieves competitive results compared to the state-of-the-art networks with 600M parameters.


Based on CT scanning technology,different scanning resolutions are selected to construct digital rocks of a same core,and the corresponding pore network models are extracted.Taken the pore network model as the research platform,the microscopic structures of pore network models with different resolutions are analyzed to determine the suitable scanning resolution.It shows that,pore network model with lowest resolution could not capture the effective microscopic pore structures of real core,while the pore network model with highest resolution takes too long calculation time for flow simulation.The pore network model with medium resolution is selected as the suitable model,while it could not only effectively describe the microscopic structure and connectivity characteristics of the real core,but also shorten the calculation time for flow simulation,which supplies references to the study of microscopic simulation technology.


Purpose – This study sets out to examine the causal relationships among consumers' need for uniqueness, brand perceptions, and purchase intention of a US apparel brand among Japanese Generation Y consumers.Design/methodology/approach – A self‐administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 175 students enrolled at two Japanese metropolitan universities. A structural equation model using correlation matrix with maximum likelihood was estimated using LISREL 8.53.Findings – Japanese consumers' need for uniqueness consisted of avoidance of similarity, unpopular choice and creative choice. The consumers' need for uniqueness was negatively related to the perceived quality, whereas the creative choice was positively related to the emotional value in perceptions of the US apparel brand. The perceived quality decreased purchase intention, while the emotional value increased purchase intention.Research limitations/implications – This study was limited to students at two Japanese metropolitan universities a...


Complex societal issues, such as those raised by agricultural biotechnology and genetically modified food, call out for prompt, large-scale multidisciplinary research. Universities encounter powerful institutional impediments when trying to respond. This article describes a successful experiment designed to overcome those impediments and build university research capacity. Twenty-five faculty members from four colleges joined together to learn more about biotechnology. Within 1 year they produced 20 useful journal articles to help themselves and others understand the emerging issues, possibilities, and policy options.


For bigger concrete bridges the jointless construction hasn't been established up to now. Concerns regarding the durability still exist since constraint stresses as a result of temperature alterations and shrinkage lead to crack initiation. With the use of the new flexible abutment these restraint stresses and occurring cracks can be reduced significantly. An efficient decoupling of abutment and subsoil is reached by introducing a buffer layer of polystyrene and a geogrid reinforced backfill. Full size tests and non-linear calculations show that only little deformations arise at the backfill material.


Objective: To identify Radix Saposhnikoviae and Radix Cari buriaticum.Methods:Description,microscope,TLC and HPLC were used.Results:It is discovered that Radix Saposhnikoviae and Radix Cari buriaticum have obvious characteristic for identifying through the experiment.Conclusion: This experiment provides the method for identification which can accurately distinguish Radix Saposhnikoviae and Radix Cari buriaticum.


Using a monopolistic model of trade to infer border effects in OECD manufactured goods industries on the period 1997 – 2000, we test empirically different econometric specifications employed in the literature to explain bilateral trade. We show that at the aggregated level and for a majority of sectors there is a correlation between some explicative variables and the specific characteristics, which are intractable in explaining bilateral flows. To derive estimates for time – invariant variables in the same time we control for the correlation between some explicative variables and the unobservable characteristics, we turn to an unbiased and efficient estimator by implementing the Hausman & Taylor (1981)'s procedure, displaying the interesting advantage to use instruments inside the model. The border effects derived from the HT specification are thus better specified. Attempting to measure the economic integration within some OECD countries, our findings indicate wide variation across sectors in border effects and an additional burden for non EU countries to penetrate the European market. Instead of supporting a particular hypothesis (domestic bias vs trade barriers) at the origin of the existence of large border effects in international trade empirical studies, our finding seems to show that the existence and the magnitude of border effects in OECD countries are both due to the impact of consumer preferences and remaining trade barriers. JEL Classification: C23, F12, F14, F15, P2 1 FUNDP, 8 Rempart de la Vierge, 5000 Namur (Belgium). Email : email@example.com 1


Objectives: We report a case of fenestration and phlebectasia of the right jugular vein with the spinal nerve passing between the branches of the fenestration. Through this case we discussed the surgical implications and review the literature. Case Report: From 2013 to 2017, we conducted 1720 cervicotomies. On 1720 cervicotomies we only found one case of fenestration and phlebectasia of the internal jugular vein that makes a rate of 0.058%. Cervicotomy was conducted as part of the management of neurofibroma. The outcome was good. Conclusion: The knowledge of the anatomical variations of the internal jugular vein is imperative for any ENT surgeon especially in a context of deficient plateau that does not allow the most often to make the preoperative diagnosis.


great pain in connection with the monthly periods. Menstruation began at la, is regular monthly, lasts seven days. Pain has always accompanied the process, but is becoming each year more intense. The suffering commences some hours before the onset of the flow, a,nd lasts into the second day. Drugs have failed to relieve her. The patient was anaesthetised about a week before the onset of the period, and Hegar's dUators passed up to No. 12. The period which followed this dilatation was almost painless. The most striking point in the course of the dilatation was the intense resistance offered by the tissues at the level of the internal os; it seemed as if one was endeavouring to stretch a ring of cartilage. To the hand accustomed to these dilating operations, it is easy to distinguish between the way in which a muscular spasm gives, and the dull tough resistance offered by a dense ring of fibroid tissue. Moreover the former quickly closes down when the dilator is withdrawn, while the latter, though yielding less readily, remains longer patent. In another case of a similar nature there were two istinct zones of fibroid stenosis at the level of the internal os about a quarter of an inch apart, and so dense and hard were these rings that it was necessary to nick them with a bistoury before dilatation could be satisfactorily completed. In both these cases the uterus was well developed, and the uterine sound passed 2inebes. Space does not permit of the narration of more of these interesting cases, but a brief consideration of the two examples already given will enable us to see what a hindrance to dilatation of the internal os at the menstrual epoch is offered by the anatomical condition, and what a cause of menstrual suffering is necessarily present. To anyone who has watched the slow and painful dilatation of a fibroid cervix at full term, the comparison cannot fail to be instructive. The following case is also of such interest in this connection that I cannot refrain from quoting it:Mrs. O'C., aged 28, came to me with the following history: In her last confinement some five years ago, her cervix was lacerated bilaterally right up to the vaginal roof. Neither before this labour nor for twelve months afterwards did she have any dysmenorrhcea, but about a year after the birth of this last child she had trachelorrhaphy done, and ever since this operation she has suffered exquisite pain before and with the monthly period. Drugs do her no good, and relief is only gained by occasionally dilating the cervix between two menstrual epochs. Vaginal examination shows that the plastic operation was completely successful, but on each side of the cervix, and reaching up to the level of the supravaginal portion is a dense fibroid cicatrix. It is clearly In the resistance to dilatatton offered by these dense deposits that the causation of the dysmenorrhcea is to be found.


This Collection contains the following books: * Information 2.0: New models of information production, distribution and consumption, 2nd edition by Martin De Saulles * The Information Society: A study of continuity and change, 6th edition by John Feather * Sustainability of Scholarly Information by G G Chowdhury * Digital Consumers: Re-shaping the information profession edited by David Nicholas and Ian Rowlands.


Background— Treatment of hyperlipidemia produces functional and structural improvements in atherosclerotic vessels. However, the effects of treating hyperlipidemia on the structure and function of the aortic valve have been controversial, and any effects could be confounded by pleiotropic effects of hypolipidemic treatment. The goal of this study was to determine whether reducing elevated plasma lipid levels with a "genetic switch" in Reversa mice (Ldlr−/−/Apob100/100/Mttpfl/fl/Mx1-Cre+/+) reduces oxidative stress, reduces pro-osteogenic signaling, and retards the progression of aortic valve disease. Methods and Results— After 6 months of hypercholesterolemia, Reversa mice exhibited increases in superoxide, lipid deposition, myofibroblast activation, calcium deposition, and pro-osteogenic protein expression in the aortic valve. Maximum aortic valve cusp separation, as judged by echocardiography, was not altered. During an additional 6 months of hypercholesterolemia, superoxide levels, valvular lipid deposition, and myofibroblast activation remained elevated. Furthermore, calcium deposition and pro-osteogenic gene expression became more pronounced, and the aortic cusp separation decreased from 0.85±0.04 to 0.70±0.04 mm (mean±SE; P<0.05). Rapid normalization of cholesterol levels at 6 months of age (by inducing expression of Cre recombinase) normalized aortic valve superoxide levels, decreased myofibroblast activation, reduced valvular calcium burden, suppressed pro-osteogenic signaling cascades, and prevented reductions in aortic valve cusp separation. Conclusions— Collectively, these data indicate that reducing plasma lipid levels by genetic inactivation of the mttp gene in hypercholesterolemic mice with early aortic valve disease normalizes oxidative stress, reduces pro-osteogenic signaling, and halts the progression of aortic valve stenosis.


A COOPERATIVE field study with portable impulse generator and cathode ray oscillograph was made of the lightning protection of transformers connected to a 4.45-mile, 4,600-volt rural distribution circuit. The tests described were made with the pellet arrester.


Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is an essential task for autonomous rover navigation in an unknown environment, especially if no absolute location information is available. This paper presents a computationally lightweight framework to enable agents with limited processing power to carry out the SLAM cooperatively and without absolute onboard localization sensors in a 2D environment. The proposed solution is built on a graph-based map representation, where nodes (resp. edges) represent landmarks (resp. odometry-based relative measurements), a measurement algebra with embedded uncertainty, and a compact database format that could be stored on a server in a centralized manner. The operations required by the agents to insert a new landmark in the graph, update landmark positions and combine measurements as a loop is closed in the graph are detailed. The resulting framework was tested in a laboratory environment and on a public dataset with encouraging results; hence our method can be used for cost-effective indoor mobile agents with limited computational resources and onboard sensors to achieve a mapping while keeping track of the agent's position. The method can also be easily generalized for a 3D scenario.


How about the relationship about carbon tariff and carbon tax,Moreover,what effect will the problem of embodied carbon in international trade give them.This essay will draw up some suggestions about them on the basis of scholar's research and current situations.


Objective
To analyze the clinical manifestation and genetic testing in a patient with Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) and summarize clinical and genetic characteristics of the dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) 6 gene related AOS through reviewing related references.

Methods
Information of the proband who was hospitalized in Affiliated Children Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics in October 2016 and her family members as well as their DNA samples were collected. The gene sequencing was performed using next generation sequencing technology. Using "Adams-Oliver syndrome" and "DOCK6" as key words, the relevant articles were searched from the Pubmed, China National Knowledge Internet and Wanfang databases and reports of 19 cases were reviewed.

Results
The proband is an eight months old girl. She presented with severe developmental delay, terminal transverse limb defects and visual loss after birth, and then suffered from tonic seizures and myoclonic seizures at two months old. By physical examination she was found to have esotropia and visual loss. The distal phalanx and nail of the right second-fourth fingers were absent, while the phalangette of the left second-fourth fingers and bilateral distal phalanges of toes were short with small nails attachment. Thyroid function test showed hypothyroidism. The ocular fundus examination showed the residual vitreous artery in the left eye and the retinal pigment degeneration in the right eye. CT scan showed multiple bilateral periventricular calcification and cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral periventricular lesion. Two heterozygous mutations were identified in DOCK6 gene: one was a known pathogenic mutation (p.L1064Vfs*60), and the other was a novel splice site mutation (c.873+1G>A). By analyzing this case and reported 19 cases, the common performances of DOCK6 gene related AOS included terminal transverse limb defects (20/20), aplasia cutis congenita (18/20), ocular abnormalities (13/20), seizures (12/20), mental retardation (12/20), microcephaly (10/20), cardiovascular malformations (10/20), intrauterine growth retardation (6/20). The mutation of the DOCK6 gene was found to be dominated by frameshift mutation and splice site mutation.

Conclusions
If either terminal transverse limb defects or aplasia cutis congenita was detected in a patient, AOS should be under consideration. In addition, autosomal recessive inheritance, nervous system and eyes involvement will further indicate DOCK6 gene related AOS.

Key words:
Infant; Epilepsy; Hand deformities; Foot deformities; Mutation


A method to calculate heavy nucleus collision cross sections based on the analogy between the Glauber-Sitenko multiple scattering theory and statistical theory of liquids is suggested. Extensive use is made of the scaled particle method in the Rowlison-Widom model to calculate the free energy and the partition function.


Because a study on the insects of Fig trees in Ivory Coast, the author has seen the types of the african species belonging to the genus Curculio (formerly Balaninus) and points out some questions with th e typ e specimens of the species described by Hustache. Lectotypes are designated. New synonymies are established and a new name Curculio hessei for C. valens Hesse (preoccupied) is given.


Acyclovir (ACV), whose mechanism is detailed in this chapter, heralded the second generation of antivirals for herpesviruses and set the standard for the development of antiviral drugs. Two limitations of oral acyclovir have been its limited oral bioavailability (~15%) and short half-life. These limitations require administration of large pills as often as every four hour. Valacyclovir and famciclovir overcome these limitations and would have completely displaced the use of acyclovir except for the expiration of the acyclovir patent resulting in the availability of low-cost generic drug. Both valacyclovir and famciclovir can be used for applications of oral acyclovir. In the herpesviruses considered here, there are six gene products with activities at the replication fork. The viral proteins that have thus far served as the best targets for antiherpesvirus drugs are the viral DNA polymerases that are required for viral DNA replication, which are thus targets for inhibition, and viral kinases. All of the nucleoside analogs discussed in this chapter are converted to analogs of deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) that inhibit herpesvirus DNA polymerases. The mechanism of acyclovir action begins with the TK encoded by herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella-zoster virus (VZV). An important unanswered question is whether new antiherpesvirus drugs can be developed to combat drug-resistant human infections. Although the number of drug-resistant HSV infections is relatively small, the need for new drugs that are active against acyclovir-resistant viruses and that have good pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles is substantial for the patients involved.


Following the near collapse of an Interstate bridge in the City of St. Louis, Missouri, a procedure using ultrasound has been developed to check the integrity of the pin in a pin and hanger strap connection. Ultrasound is transmitted into the ends of pins and reflections from defects are displayed on the scope of the ultrasound instrument indicating the presence and location of cracks or wear. Using this procedure, 90 bridges containing 675 pin and hanger strap connections have been checked. Four percent of the pins have been found to be defective. The pins from the Interstate bridge in St. Louis were not removed intact. However, the predictions obtained with the ultrasound procedure correlated closely with the information obtained from the pins and pin pieces after they had been removed by burning. A pin pusher has since been developed, built, and used to remove pins intact. Eight pins were removed intact from one bridge and good correlation between predictions and actual conditions was found. Of the eight pins, it was predicted that one would be completely severed, one would be cracked, and six would be sound. After removal of the pins, the predictions were verified as accurate by visual examination. A limitation of the procedure is the inability to precisely predict the defect size. However, the threshold depth where a crack can be identified has been determined to be approximately 1/8 in.


In an effort to improve performance and simultaneously reduce emissions for light duty diesel engine, current investigation is demonstrated for improving performance of a four cylinder diesel engine of 2.9L displacement. The transient flow in direct injection engine was analyzed by using the CFD code during 4 cycle processes. Experimental tools is very difficult to investigate the port shape, but CFD code can be easily applied to the port evaluation. Starting from a baseline configuration, a DOE(Design of Experiment) study was carried out in order to narrow the search space around the potential candidates for the global optimum, and in order to identify the parameters with the highest sensitivity. The model, which consists of a full piston to optimize the eccentric bowl in the steel forged piston crown, is used to calculate steady state operating temperature, thermal stress and thermal deformation of the piston.


Let Gamma_0 be a discrete group. For a pair (j,rho) of representations of Gamma_0 into PO(n,1)=Isom(H^n) with j geometrically finite, we study the set of (j,rho)-equivariant Lipschitz maps from the real hyperbolic space H^n to itself that have minimal Lipschitz constant. Our main result is the existence of a geodesic lamination that is "maximally stretched" by all such maps when the minimal constant is at least 1. As an application, we generalize two-dimensional results and constructions of Thurston and extend his asymmetric metric on Teichm\"uller space to a geometrically finite setting and to higher dimension. Another application is to actions of discrete subgroups Gamma of PO(n,1)xPO(n,1) on PO(n,1) by right and left multiplication: we give a double properness criterion for such actions, and prove that for a large class of groups Gamma the action remains properly discontinuous after any small deformation of Gamma inside PO(n,1)xPO(n,1).


Abstract The observation of dark-field convergent-beam discs of the zeroth-order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections and higher-order Laue zone (HOLZ) reflection discs was carried out around the chromium Cr zone-axis critical voltage (ZACV), to find the best method of measuring the ZACV precisely. A reversal of asymmetric contrast was observed in some of the dark-field convergent-beam discs at the critical voltage, and this was interpreted by dynamical diffraction theory. The HOLZ reflections showed notable effects around the ZACV over a range of more than 100 kV. This effect was interpreted by the quasi-kinematical theory of three-dimensional diffraction. The experimental results revealed a method capable of measuring the ZACV precisely, and the ZACV of Cr was measured with similar precision to that attainable in the systematic critical voltage (SCV) case.


The article presents the results of research on the development and spread of root rot of winter and spring barley, as well as winter wheat crops placed in crop rotation in the farms of Karasay, Kerbulak, Enbekshikazakh and Talgar districts of Almaty region. As a result of monitoring, it was found that the precursors and the district of cultivation have a major impact on the development of barley root rot. It is interesting to note that sowing of barley after the crop rotation of spring wheat and winter barley show that the disease development index was much higher in comparison with other predecessors. The practical significance of the study is the possibility of using its results by farmers, stakeholders, as well as by all interested parties.


In the first stage of our research and development work on high-performance lithium-ion batteries from the early to the mid-1990s, a high-energy-capacity battery was investigated with the aim of applying it to electric vehicles (EVs). The second stage of our program concerned studies of a lithium-ion battery for application to series hybrid electric vehicles (SHEVs), and the third stage was mainly focused on a high- power lithium-ion battery for use on parallel hybrids (PHEVs). The results of those studies demonstrated that lithium-ion batteries are the best battery systems for use on these environmental vehicles. A battery simulation program was also constructed concurrently with those investigations for use as a tool in verifying the superiority of lithium-ion batteries. This simulation program takes into account the electrochemical phenomena that occur inside the battery, especially the effect of lithium-ion diffusion on power output characteristics. In the present study, battery simulations were performed to quantify the flow of ions inside the battery. This paper presents the results of sensitivity analyses concerning the electrode structural parameters influencing the long-duration power output characteristic that is required of batteries for use on EVs and SHEVs.


The goal of therapy of polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) is primarily to prevent vascular events that are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients older than 60 years or with a previous history of thrombotic complications are considered at high risk of thrombosis.


The size of damage awards in court cases has become a major concern of ,1 i , ^ the insurance industry, of many persons, corporations, and local governments unable to insure themselves economically, and state and federal legislative bodies. The accuracy and equity of estimated damages and corresponding awards have the greatest impact on the plaintiffs and defendants involved in business liability or personal injury cases, but can also play a role in prolonging litigation when estimates of damages differ greatly, even though liability is clearly established. After liability is established in the courts for losses sustained due to the actions of another party, there must be determination of the appropriate compensation. Often these losses can be substantial as well as complex to estimate. In this paper, we offer some ' . , I C . I approaches to estimating damages that may lead to more accurate and equitable damage awards. Disciplines Business Administration, Management, and Operations | Economic History | Economic Theory | Finance and Financial Management This report is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_staffpapers/27 Economic Issues in Damage Estimation by Ted C, Schroeder and * Marvin L, Hayenga


Treasury Group Limited (ASX:TRG) commenced its involvement in funds management in 2000 and has since developed an effective business model that focuses on part ownership of funds management boutiques.


AbstrAct Pulmonary arterial hypertension isa fatal disease. Intravenous prostanoids are often utilizedfor long‑term management of patients. The therapy requires a significant commitment and change in lifestyle for both the patient and family. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, transient apical ballooning syndrome, has been reported in association with emotional and physical stress. This case report describes a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension who developed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after treatment initiation with intravenous treprostinil. Over time, the syndrome resolved and the patient had return of normal left ventricular function. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy should be recognized as a potential, rare complication of therapy initiation due to the severity of the illness and the emotional stress of the disease. Key Words: pulmonary hypertension, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, treprostinil Transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome, or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, is characterized by acute chest pain, electrocardiographic changes, elevated cardiac enzymes, and the absence of significant epicardial coronary artery disease.


The single-motor full hybrid electric vehicle tends to suffer drivability and excessive clutch wear issues during the mode transition from electric driving to hybrid driving because the single motor must simultaneously propel the vehicle and divert torque via clutch engagement to start the engine. In this study, a novel four-phase compound robust control method consisting of the feedforward–feedback technology and the robust compensation approach is proposed to address these problems during the mode transition. The whole mode transition process was divided into four consecutive phases according to the operating status of engine and clutch. In each phase, a nominal controller based on the feedforward–linear quadratic regulator feedback technology is first designed for the nominal linear model to guarantee a desired control performance. And then, the nonlinear uncertain part of the engine/clutch torque and the vehicle resistant torque as well as the model parameter uncertainties are all considered as equivalent disturbances, and a robust compensator is introduced to suppress the effect of equivalent disturbances. Simulation is performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method. The results show that the four-phase compound robust control method can achieve better vehicle drivability and minimize clutch wear during the mode transition from electric driving to hybrid driving even in the presence of various torque disturbances and parameter uncertainties.


The use of electronic cigarettes among young people has been increasing in recent years. Electronic cigarettes are marketed in ways that attract young people and downplay the risks of these products. For example, electronic cigarettes are available in a variety of flavours, such as mint or chocolate, and it can be quite challenging for young people to understand the potential harms of these products when they are marketed through enticing advertisements under the veil of harmless flavours. Moreover, recent research has shown that electronic cigarette usage may be disproportionately higher for youth with lower socioeconomic status. It is well documented in the literature that electronic cigarettes can have a multitude of negative health impacts on young people. Electronic cigarette use affects all biopsychosocial domains, including but not limited to cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, renal disease, mental health, substance use, and interpersonal relationships. Given the increase in electronic cigarette use and lower levels of understanding of the harms these products can have on health, it is essential to develop additional strategies to ensure that young people are made aware of the risks associated with the use of electronic cigarettes. We propose a five factor model that aims to provide support to policymakers, educators, health care professionals, families, and youth. For policymakers, it is necessary to develop policies that limit the access the youth have to electronic cigarettes. In educational settings, educators can incorporate education on electronic cigarettes in the classroom. Health care professionals should have access to tools to ensure they feel comfortable discussing the risks of electronic cigarettes with their young patients. Additionally, families should have access to evidence-based information on the risks associated with electronic cigarettes and on how to communicate with their children about electronic cigarettes. Finally, we should aim to directly reach youth and communicate the potential risks of electronic cigarette use through the social media platforms that they frequent. Ultimately, this paper provides a model that can be used by various stakeholders involved in the public health system. Moving forward, implementing and conducting short, intermediate and long-term evaluation of this model can provide insight into its effectiveness in communicating the risks associated with electronic cigarette use for young people.


Control schemes in a solar plant complying with different grid codes modulate the output voltage and current significantly during the fault. In this article, the issue with conventional current differential approaches for the line connecting the large solar plant is analyzed and a new protection technique using both end incremental current phasors is proposed. The proposed method uses two criteria to identify the internal faults in such connectivity. The first criterion is based on the ratio of both end incremental phase current phasors, and the second one uses the magnitude ratio of positive sequence incremental currents. Both the criteria are adaptive to line terminal currents and complement each other enriching the method applicable for any system condition. The performance of the proposed method is tested for different internal and external fault cases and found to be accurate. The compatibility of the proposed method is also validated using a real-time simulator. Comparative assessment with conventional current differential techniques reveals the superiority of the proposed approach.


Structural re-parameterization (Rep) methods achieve noticeable improvements on simple VGG-style networks. Despite the prevalence, current Rep methods simply re-parameterize all operations into an augmented network, including those that rarely contribute to the model's performance. As such, the price to pay is an expensive computational overhead to manipulate these unnecessary behaviors. To eliminate the above caveats, we aim to boot-strap the training with minimal cost by devising a dynamic re-parameterization (DyRep) method, which encodes Rep technique into the training process that dynamically evolves the network structures. Concretely, our proposal adaptively finds the operations which contribute most to the loss in the network, and applies Rep to enhance their representational capacity. Besides, to suppress the noisy and redundant operations introduced by Rep, we devise a de-parameterization technique for a more compact re-parameterization. With this regard, DyRep is more efficient than Rep since it smoothly evolves the given network instead of constructing an over-parameterized network. Experimental results demonstrate our effectiveness, e.g., DyRep improves the accuracy of ResNet-18 by 2.04% on ImageNet and reduces 22% runtime over the baseline. Code is avail-able at: https://github.com/hunto/DyRep.


Evaluation of waiting time is a key problem for asymptotic-period measurement of reactivity.Based on the point reactor kinetics equation,the neutron multiplication function and error function for two period-measuring methods are deduced.The two methods include the double power method and the exponential-simulating method.The conclusion is drawn that waiting time is concerned with the external neutron source,delayed neutron parameters and reactivity.The exponential-simulating method can get the earlier asymptotic period than the double power method.


Summary

1
Species–abundance patterns of larval chironomid assemblages in a large river were tested against seven niche-oriented models, using data on abundances measured monthly at four sites along a cross-section of the River Danube in Austria.

2
Expected abundance patterns generated by computer simulations were tested against two categories of assemblages: all species found and the dominant species only. Within each category, the whole river cross-section was compared with the four single sites, and three functional feeding groups were analysed separately. For all assemblages, species- and process-oriented approaches concerning the correspondence between species identity and abundance ranking were used.

3
When all 81 species found within the river section were included, none of the models agreed with the observed process-oriented patterns, whereas the distributions of collector–gatherers, filterers and (at a single site) grazers fitted the Random Fraction model. This model indicates that the species divide the niche space in a random fashion, with no hierarchy of dominance. None of the models fitted the species-rich assemblages using the species-oriented approach.

4
When only the most abundant species were considered, several of the models fitted the observed assemblages. The Random Assortment model provided best-fits most frequently, suggesting that relative abundances of the species are completely independent. However, the Random Fraction model agreed with observed patterns of abundance in about 50% of cases when the Random Assortment model provided a good fit.

5
Only 25% of all species-oriented patterns of the most dominant species were described by the seven models, mostly by the Random Assortment model. However, species classed as filterers showed a tendency towards more even distributions according to the MacArthur Fraction model and the Dominance Decay model.

6
Results suggest that the Random Fraction model corresponds best with species-rich assemblages whereas this model combined with the Random Assortment model may provide a good explanation for patterns formed by the (relatively few) most dominant species. The species-oriented approach might be a valuable additional form of analysis for uncovering tendencies in abundance patterns which could be overlooked when focusing solely on the process-oriented approach that is usually used.


This article is built on the reflections that the authors have had during their latest research on political participation in several municipalities of Mexico. Thus, based on the ethnographies conducted between 2006 and 2016, mainly in the town of Xico (Veracruz state), we set up as analyzing unities specific political interactions (including patronizing) among Mexican citizens within the five types recognized by Social Sciences: voting, campaigning, contacting political officials, working on public affairs and talking about politics. On this basis, we explore the articulation of the aforementioned interactions and, more specifically, of the roles adopted by the interacting citizens as identity markers linking these people in a highlighted way with a series of socio‑economic and socio‑territorial features, dimensions that, ultimately, turn out inseparable from the existing power relations in the local societies. In conclusion, we are of the opinion that, together with indicators of income, education, professional category or living nearby territory, it can be affirmed that the political behavior in Mexico is shown as both socio‑economic indicator and socio‑territorial belonging not because parties represent interests of class, but because there are well defined spheres of political behavior depending on the socio‑economic stratum and the socio‑territorial belonging of the individual.


The invention relates to a pump light assembly (1) comprising a laser active medium having solid-state disk (2), an excitation source (3) for generating a pump radiation field (4) for exciting said laser active medium, a beam field-guiding system (5) for forming a plurality of different (in the solid disc 2) the incident branches (6) of the pump radiation field (4) with at least one reflective optics (7) (with reflection areas 8) reflected on the incident and the (after penetrated by the solid disc 2) at a reflection layer (9), precipitated the branches (6) of the pump radiation field (4), as well as several Umlenkoptiken (10) for coupling at least one of the solid-state disk (2) outgoing branch (6) to one in the solid disc (2) incoming branch (6) and a coupling optic (12) for guiding the pump radiation field (4) in the beam field guidance system (5). The pumping light assembly is characterized in that the coupling optic when coupling the pump radiation field is formed, the coupling optic (12) when coupling the pump radiation field (4) in the beam field guidance system (5) for generating a Einkopplungsfokus (13) formed in the beam field guidance system for generating a Einkopplungsfokus is ,


It is the first time when histological analyzing the ovaries of juvenile Pacific salmon in early marine period has revealed morphological deviations from the norm in 2014 and 2016. There were oocytes discovered with the traits of amitotic division of the nucleus, deformation of oocytes and deviations in the structure of vitelline membrane. These deviations can consequently lead to reducing fecundity, and hence, to reducing spawning effectiveness and natural salmon production.


Robust initialization is essential for any successful segmentation process of medical images. For CT images, initialization is challenging because quality, appearance, content, and field-of-view of the images are highly variable. Furthermore, high execution speed is desirable, whereas the user tolerance to errors is low in clinical applications. We present a new method for efficient and robust positioning of organs in CT images. It is based on a novel probabilistic atlas that, given a tissue type, describes the probability density of the random variable spatial location. Random sampling is then employed to select the most informative points for matching. We present results on pelvic and abdominal images acquired for radiotherapy planning.


In present article we report the effects of 1,3,4-thiadiazine class derivatives, such as L-2, L-4, L-6 synthesized in Ural federal University under the leadership of academician O.N. Chupahin on the mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase of rat liver in vitro. It is shown that unlike L-6 substance which has no significant effect on enzyme activity, L-2 and L-4 compounds inhibit succinate dehydrogenase to varying degrees, reducing its activity in the 2 and 4-fold, respectively, compared with native mitochondria (p thiadiazine class derivatives.


Rationale, aims and objectives: In the management of health care problems there are circumstances where there is only weak or indirect evidence on which to base clinical decisions and advice. As clinical guidelines assume an increasing role in funding and regulation of health care, and in medico-legal issues around practice, the strength of evidence becomes increasingly important.

Method: This paper describes and reflects on the experience of a systematic process of synthesizing research findings with expert consensus to develop guidelines using an extension of the methods developed by Kettil Bruun. The process involves the use of trigger papers that systematically review the available evidence; discussant papers that critique evidence-gaps and develop draft guideline statements; and a workshop of practitioners and researchers who synthesize and debate the areas of clinical practice. Two separate projects conducted in Sydney, Australia are used to illustrate the process.

Results and Conclusion: In this process, high levels of consensus were reached even in contentious areas. However, the process is time-consuming and requires considerable commitment from experts.


High school and college students of French recalled French sentences which varied two types of negation. Half the sentences used affirmative syntax and half negative syntax (ne… pas); half used positive verbs (e.g., manger); and half used negative verbs (e.g., oublier). One to two weeks later students performed the same task with English translations. In French, sentences with affirmative syntax and positive verbs were remembered best; either form of negation depressed performance. In English, only verb negation depressed performance. In French, students sometimes inserted ne into affirmative sentences and omitted pas from negative sentences, an error a native speaker would not make. Amount of prior education in French affected how much students remembered but did not differentially affect the influence of syntactic and verb negation. The results suggest that there is an interaction during learning between the foreign language learner's native language and foreign language. Two suggestions about teaching syntactic negation in French are offered.


The electromagnetic mass of the electron remains yet to be an open question in physics.The classical model of the electron consists of a spherically symmetric distribution of electric charge.Because the relativistic electromagnetic energy-speed relation for spherical symmetric charge distribution is completely different from the relativistic(mechanical)mass-speed relation,the total relativistic energy of the electron in motion is not only a function of its speed,but also a function of the ratio of its electromagnetic mass to the known rest mass of the electron.In this paper,basing on the above mentioned knowledge,it was suggested that Bertozzis experiment should be used to research for electromagnetic mass of the electron,and the method was applied tentatively.


The Yam Bean Project, now in its 10th year, examines the potential of the genus Pachyrhizus as an attractive alternative to traditional root and tuber crops. It has demonstrated the crop's potential for high yields (up to 160 t/ha) and significant contributions to sustainability, and as a multi-purpose crop. Five species of yam bean—three of which are cultivated—grow in nine different countries of Latin America, Africa, the Far East, and South Pacific. All five species have been studied taxonomically, biosystematically, and agronomically to evaluate their potential as tuber crops for the tropics and subtropics. Field collections have been carried out throughout the genus's area of distribution. All species have been evaluated under field conditions, and East Asian landraces were included in field trials to evaluate the performance of the considerable variation found within P. erosus. Field trials involving intraand interspecific hybrids were carried out in Guanajuato (Mexico), Turrialba (Costa Rica), and Tongatapu (Tonga, South Pacific). The rotenone content of mature seeds was determined; and its potential use as a cheap crop protective agent explored. Further evaluations were carried out on the efficiency of biological nitrogen fixation, drought tolerance, and tolerance of variations in edapho-climatic conditions. Introduction In the quest for new, sustainable, and high-yielding crops that would improve the diet and food self-sufficiency of developing countries, tuber-bearing legumes have recently attracted attention. These species possess several attractive characteristics: they are highly nutritious and adaptable, tolerate poor soils, and resist pests and diseases. In addition, because they bear tubers, they can survive and still produce a crop if a sudden dry spell occurs. The yam bean genus (Pachyrhizus Rich. ex DC) has several features that establish it as a sustainable crop for * Department of Biology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings of the Tenth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops, held in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, October 23-29, 1994 2 the tropics or subtropics. Most definitions of sustainable agricultural systems are related to the environmental and economic impacts arising from use of land for agricultural purposes. The high yield performance of yam beans under rainfed conditions and its minimum input requirements can help conserve resources and reduce the use of synthetic chemicals. Reports on disease and pest problems in yam beans are few, partly because the aerial plant parts contain the insecticidal compound rotenone, which can also be toxic to humans (NRC 1979). The crop's ability to fix atmospheric N, a major limiting nutrient to mass production, results in a reduced N fertilizer requirement. Moreover, the application of N fertilizer negatively affects yield and efficiency of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The variation in different traits, both within and among species, provides a broad genetic base for selecting parental material for improving the crop. In addition, as most interspecific hybrids are viable and fertile, the substantial variation recorded in this material has considerably increased the scope for further development of new cultivars. Since 1985, scientists working in the Yam Bean Project, funded under the European Union's "Science and Technology for Developing Countries" (STD) programmes, have been exploring the potential of the genus, including breeding methods and the scope for introducing it into new areas. Origin and History of Cultivation Pachyrhizus belongs to the tribe Phaseoleae, subtribe Diocleinae. Of the five recognized species, three [P. erosus (L.) Urban, P. tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng, and P. ahipa (Wedd) Parodi] are cultivated for their tuberous roots, while the other two [P. panamensis Clausen and P. ferrugineus (Piper) Sørensen] are wild. Pachyrhizus erosus The first to be described by Linnaeus in 1753 was the Mexican species P. erosus, known under its Mexican name jícama. The morphological diversity recorded in this species appears to be centred in Central America rather than in Mexico. The herbarium specimens of Mexican origin are more uniform, except for a few wild collections from the state of Veracruz. Ongoing molecular analyses will, most likely, help determine and clarify its origin and Proceedings of the Tenth Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops, held in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, October 23-29, 1994


Abstract In difference-in-differences applications, identification of the key parameter often arises from changes in policy by a small number of groups. In contrast, typical inference assumes that the number of groups changing policy is large. We present an alternative inference approach for a small (finite) number of policy changers, using information from a large sample of nonchanging groups. Treatment effect point estimators are not consistent, but we can consistently estimate their asymptotic distribution under any point null hypothesis about the treatment. Thus, treatment point estimators can be used as test statistics, and confidence intervals can be constructed using test statistic inversion.


Among Retailer, recently organic retail stores is one of the most promising industries in India,providing a large chunkof employment opportunities to the country's population.Most of theorganic retail stores (ORS) was present in the Metro cities of India. In this study trends inorganic retail store analysis was performed from 1999-2018 in Chennai metropolitan area,Greater Chennai Corporation and Old Chennai Corporation. Result shows that he first organicretail stores was started in 1999. Slow growth of ORS between 1999-2008 due to less consumerawareness. More no of ORS found in 2012 onwards and reached to peak in 2016 and started todecline 2017 and 2018 due increase in online shopping and increasing in space of stores.Thistype of research useful for retailer to satisfy consumer demand by placing themselves in betterlocated stores and to frame suitable market strategy.


The present invention is a method for producing a double-sided polarizing laminated film having a base film and a polarizer layer formed on both surfaces of the base film. The method for producing a double-sided polarizing laminated film comprises, in this order, a resin layer formation step for forming a polyvinyl alcohol resin layer on both surfaces of the base film to obtain a double-sided laminated film, a drawing step for drawing the double-sided laminated film, and a dyeing step for, on both sides of the drawn double-sided laminated film, dyeing the polyvinyl alcohol resin layer with a dichroic dye and performing a crosslinking treatment to form a polarizer layer. According to the present invention, during the production of a thin polarizing plate with strong polarizing capability, it is possible to control the curling of the film that occurs at such times as during the drawing step, during the post-dyeing drying step, or when the drawn film is stored.


This study aims to determine the independence of students in conducting off-campus learning activities without the physical presence of faculty but using information technology tools in different rooms and locations. The variables for independent learning and online-based learning were limited during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). The secondary data needed comes from student responses to online-based learning that are linked to aspects of independent learning activities for students. The population in this study was all undergraduate students in Educational Technology, Universitas Pejuang RI. Macassar. The sample was collected using a dedicated sampling method that focused only on students enrolled in the Education Communication System course. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online-based learning was implemented. The data was collected through online questionnaires and in-depth interviews with several students in order to obtain more detailed information. The data analysis technique used in this study is percentage description analysis, which consists of data acquisition, data reduction, data presentation and final drawing. The results of this study show that the activities of students in online-based learning in the subject of educational communication systems show a positive correlation with learning independence, with details of the aspects being assessed. The ability to ask and answer questions about the material being taught is (61.12%) and can provide immediate feedback on the faculty of the instructor's questions (60.14%) on the aspect of the ability to do tasks appropriately and the content of the Material processed with references gives solid and integrated course material (50.22%). The conclusion is behind online learning and its problems. However, positive data are obtained from the independent attitude of students to learning. This is because online learning in college can improve the ability to ask questions on the fly, provide feedback according to the originality of their thoughts, and process course materials with other supportive materials of the initiative. alone. Keywords: Independent learning; online learning


The probability of having cis-configuration in the various amide groups of linear tetrapenptides decides whether cyclization or splitting into two cyclic dipeptide molecules is going to occur.


WO systems of cellular differentiation in variety 1 of Tetrahymena pyriformis are remarkably similar (ALLEN and NANNEY 1958; NANNEY and DUBERT 1960). In both cases cells of the same clone, and presumably of the same genotype, may come to manifest highly distinctive cellular phenotypes, even when grown in identical environments. In both cases sublines of a clone gradually diverge and eventually become clearly and persistently distinguishable. The detailed kinetics of the "fixation" of pure types in the two systems, so far as they have been studied, are alike; after an initial period of equilibration the rate of fixation is about 0.01 1 per cell division. In one case (mating types) compelling evidence is available for a macronuclear basis for the variation; suggestive evidence for a macronuclear basis of serotype differences has been reported. Finally, single chromosomal loci appear to set the limits of variation in the differentiations, specifically, the mt locus for the mating types and the H locus for the serotypes. The similar behavior of the two systems requires a similar explanation. The interpretation proposed and supported by previous studies is that diploid subnuclei become differentiated during the development of the macronucleus, that these differentiations become hereditary characteristics of the subnuclei, and that the fixation of pure sublines results from the random assortment of differentiated subnuclei at cell division, a process of "intranuclear genetic drift." The segregation model (SCHENSTED 1958) permits an estimate of the number of assorting units, about 45 in newly divided cells. In spite of the similarities in the two systems, a detailed comparison demonstrates some significant differences between them. For example, the somatic variation in H serotypes appears to be restricted to heterozygotes, but in the mating types occurs in both homozygotes and heterozygotes. Moreover, only two stable types, corresponding to the specificities of the two alleles present, have been extracted from a single clone showing serotype variation; but in rare cases as many as four distinctive mating types have been extracted from a single clone (caryonide) . These observations suggest that the details of subnuclear differentiation are different in the two cases, and that the similarities noted merely reflect a common mode of assortment of differentiated subnuclei. To further elucidate the relationship between these two systems, experiments were designed to answer two questions: (1) What is the genetic relationship between the H and the mt loci? and ( 2 ) Are serotype and mating type differentiations correlated in any way?


It is clear that the Distant Early Warning System for the Indian Ocean (DEWS) will provide advanced information of impending tsunami arrival at beaches and coastal areas around the Indian Ocean. It is proposed in this paper that simulation of the possible effects of such tsunami from a variety of locations, directions, and magnitudes be carried out. The results of this can be used in conjunction with the tsunami warning from the DEWS system, to predict the likely specific consequences for beaches, initially in Phuket, but later for other locations in Thailand and for other countries likely to be affected. The paper considers specific beaches in Phuket, Thailand, in relation to the specific local geographical feaures which gave rise to different consequences for at three adjacent beaches. It further suggests future work which would might improve the servivability for future tsunami.


Dynamic slicing algorithms have been considered to aid in debugging for many years. However, as far as we know, no detailed studies on evaluating the benefits of using dynamic slicing for detecting faulty statements in programs have been carried out. We have developed a dynamic slicing framework that uses dynamic instrumentation to efficiently collect dynamic slices and reduced ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (roBDDs) to compactly store them. We have used the above framework to implement three variants of dynamic slicing algorithms including: data slicing, full slicing, and relevant slicing algorithms. We have carried out detailed experiments to evaluate these algorithms. Our results show that full slices and relevant slices can considerably reduce the subset of program statements that need to be examined to locate faulty statements. We expect that the observations presented here will enable development of new slicing based algorithms for automated debugging.


Genetically modified (GM) plants, created using the recombinant DNA technologies, have been widely used all over the world since 1996. In 2019, 29 countries grew biotech crops on an area of 190.4 million hectares (Mha) [1]. The top producers of genetically modified plants are the United States (the total area occupied 71.5 Mha), Brazil (52.8 Mha), Argentina (24 Mha), Canada (12.5 Mha) and India (11, 9 Mha). In the global world market in 2019, the share of GM plants accounted for 79% from the area under all rapeseed crops in the world, 74% from the area under soybeans, 31% from the area under corn and 27% from the area under cotton [1]. The leader among biotech plants in terms of the total planted area was soybeans,


A systematic analysis of anomalous diffraction data obtained by serial femtosecond crystallography at an X-ray free-electron laser is presented and sulfur SAD phasing of SFX data from thaumatin microcrystals is demonstrated.


The value of future studies on population cycles based on historical reports and hunting yield statistics is questioned. This is due to uncertainties in the relationship between the data sets and the population development, and to difficulties in separating cause and effect. Although a Norwegian country-wide extermination programme during the first half of the 1900's led to lower populations of many predatory species, the data are difficult to use to evaluate possible effects on small rodent cycles and small game numbers


The design of a wireless sensor network(WSN)node based on ATmega16 and 315 RF transceiver is introduced.The baseband coding scheme is discussed,and three baseband coding implementation methods using ATMega16 are compared.The detailed transmitting and receiving process are also mentioned.


Our limited knowledge of the climate prevailing over Europe during former glaciations is the main obstacle to reconstruct the past evolution of the ice coverage over the Alps by numerical modelling. To address this challenge, we perform a two-step modelling approach: First, a regional climate model is used to downscale the time slice simulations of a global earth system model in high resolution, leading to climate snapshots during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Marine Isotope Stage 4 (MIS4). Second, we combine these snapshots and a climate signal proxy to build a transient climate over the last glacial period and force the Parallel Ice Sheet Model to simulate the dynamical evolution of glaciers in the Alps. The results show that the extent of modelled glaciers during the LGM agrees with several independent key geological imprints, including moraine-based maximal reconstructed glacial extents, known ice transfluences and trajectories of erratic boulders of known origin and deposition. Our results highlight the benefit of multiphysical coupled climate and glacier transient modelling over simpler approaches to help reconstruct paleo glacier fluctuations in agreement with traces they have left on the landscape.


In this paper we present two variant formulations of the well-known Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) features and provide a comparison of these features on a large scale sign detection problem. The aim of this research is to find features capable of driving further improvements atop a preexisting detection framework used commercially to detect traffic signs on the scale of entire national road networks (1000's of kilometres of video). We assume the computationally efficient framework of a cascade of boosted weak classifiers. Rather than comparing features on the general problem of detection we compare their merits in the final stages of a cascaded detection problem where a feature's ability to reduce error is valued more highly than computational efficiency. Results show the benefit of the two new features on a New Zealand speed sign detection problem. We also note the importance of using non-sign training and validation instances taken from the same video data that contains the training and validation positives. This is attributed to the potential for the more powerful HOG features to overfit on specific local patterns which may be present in alternative video data.


We present a new model for the Galactic distribution of free electrons. It (a) describes the distribution of the free electrons responsible for pulsar dispersion measures and thus can be used for estimating the distances to pulsars; (b) describes large-scale variations in the strength of fluctuations in electron density that underly interstellar scattering; (c) can be used to interpret interstellar scattering and scintillation observations of Galactic objects and of extragalactic objects, such as intrinsically compact AGNs and Gamma-ray burst afterglows; and (d) serves as a preliminary, smooth spatial model of the warm ionized component of the interstellar gas. This work builds upon and supercedes the Taylor & Cordes (1993) model by exploiting new observations and analysis methods. For lines of sight directed out of the Galactic plane, the new model yields substantially larger values for pulsar dispersion measures, except for directions dominated by the local hot bubble. Unlike the TC93 model, the new model provides sufficient electrons to account for the dispersion measures of the vast majority of known, Galactic pulsars. The new model is described and exemplified using plots of astronomically useful quantities on Galactic-coordinate grids. Software available on the Internet is also described. Future observations and analysis techniques that will improve the Galactic model are outlined.


Twomethodsforthecalculationof expected energygeneration havebeenproposed.Thesemethods differfromtheBaleariaux-Booth probabilistic simulationin thattheconceptof unserveddemandis used. ThePDFofhourlyloadsservesas thestarting statistic.In one of theproposed methods,thishas beenapproximated bymultiple normaldensities.The proposedmethodswere foundto be computationally mereefficient thananyof theexisting methods including thosepresently developed ones usingmoments andcumulants.In addition, theaccuracyof one of thenewmethodswas foundto be superior to the conventional methodsusingmomentsandcumulants.


This patent is a porous material that can be used for wall or remove the catalyst, an adsorbent, a catalyst support, ion-exchange and gas amount of space on a nanometer level used just as well or the like stored (nano-space) to bring the guest (guest) molecule (porous It relates to a process for the preparation of materials) and a functional ceramic mixed metal oxide to be used as (mixed metal oxides). Using more particularly the manufacture of the microwave of a porous material and a mixed metal oxide as a heat source, and using a continuous stirred reactor (continuous stirred reactor (CSR)), and temperature reaction, measuring the slurry temperature, consisting of solvent and the product was directly by controlling the pressure is increasing the driving stability and reproducibility by controlling to measure the pressure of the gas phase, it becomes facilitated this adjustment of the residence time method capable of achieving increased production like and porous to achieve this method of production material, and It provides a continuous production apparatus for producing the mixed metal oxide. Continuous production, a porous material, a mixed metal oxide, the hydrothermal synthesis, the thermal solbo synthesis, microwaves, continuous stirred reactor


Objective: To determine the perception of physiotherapists about the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound as a treatment modality. Study design: descriptive cross-sectional study. Period 6 months after the approval of synopsis from June 2017 to November 2017. Material & Method: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the physiotherapists working in the clinical practice, 25-60 years of age of both genders. Questionnaire employing of both open and closed ended questions. Questions were asked regarding the usage, their knowledge of appropriate dosages and their perception of its effectiveness for various conditions. Perception was evaluated using Visual analogue Scale. Results: One hundred and twenty questionnaires were completed and returned a response rate of 87.5%. Physiotherapists perceived ultrasound to be effective in acute tendinitis, acute bursitis and chronic muscle strain. Respondents believe that therapeutic ultrasound become more effective when used in conjunction with other techniques at appropriate dosages, However, the placebo qualities of ultrasound were not perceived to be effective by most of the physiotherapists. Conclusion: Therapeutic ultrasound is perceived to be most commonly used electro physical agent among the physiotherapists. The findings suggest that ultrasound was thought to be as an effective treatment tool when applied appropriately. The results of this study will be useful for the clinicians however, further experimental studies investigating ultrasound efficacy are indicated.


The production of strongly magnetized laser plasmas, of interest for laboratory astrophysics and inertial confinement fusion studies, is presented. This is achieved by coupling a 16 kV pulse-power system. This is achieved by coupling a 16 kV pulse-power system, which generates a magnetic field by means of a split coil, with the ELFIE laser facility at Ecole Polytechnique. In order to influence the plasma dynamics in a significant manner, the system can generate, repetitively and without debris, high amplitude magnetic fields (40 T) in a manner compatible with a high-energy laser environment. A description of the system and preliminary results demonstrating the possibility to magnetically collimate plasma jets are given.


Invar and Elinvar alloys are widely applied for precision measurement instruments. These practical alloys are all ferromagnetic, and the ferromagnetism of these alloys often limits the scope of their application. In recent years, therefore, a considerable amount of efforts are devoted to the research and development for nonferromagnetic Invar or Elinvar alloys.Cr is an antiferromagnetic metal and its magnetic properties can be explained by the SDW theory. The physical properties such as thermal expansivity and electrical resistivity change anomalously near the Neel temperature, and these properties are sensibly modified by the addition of other elements.Taking the above‐mentioned results into consideration, present authors investigated the temperature dependences of the physical properties for some Cr‐base primary solid solution alloys, and found these alloys have a certain temperature region in which both Invar and Elinvar characteristics coexist.It is the first time that these both characteristics have ...


This Briefing Paper attempts to present a range of initiatives highlighting policy designs and their implementation in various sectors with states and non-state to set up cooperation on climate change programme.


The author discusses relationship of exposure time to sharpness of x-ray shadow and arrest of movement for radiography of the chest. He uses a new criterion of sharpness, namely, the visibility of the small pulmonary vessels (idealized). He gives relationship between permissible loadings on the focal spot to the degree of sharpness attainable. Unsharpness varies inversely with the cube root of tube loading (ma. per mm.2 apparent focal spot). X-ray tubes with stationary anode are incapable of resolving 0.5 mm. pulmonary vessels set 0.25 mm. apart and moving 5 mm. per second. With present apparatus the best arrest of lung detail moving 5 mm. per second is with 1 mm. focal spot on a rotating anode, 1∕40 sec., 200 ma. at 1 meter distance. To use 2 mm. focal spot, 500 ma., at 2 meters is almost as good, and might be preferred on account of better detail in bones and lesser magnification of heart shadow.


We study the question of securely multiplying N -bit integers that are stored in binary representation, in the context of protocols for dishonest majority with preprocessing. We achieve communication complexity O(N) using only secure operations over small fields F2 and Fp with log(p) ≈ log(N). For semi-honest security we achieve communication O(N)2 ∗(N)) using only secure operations over F2. This improves over the straightforward solution of simulating a Boolean multiplication circuit, both asymptotically and in practice.


This paper will report on the results of study and experiments of a DC Linear Motor which was developed by authors and propose a transportation system in which the DCLM is used. The technical and economical feasibility of the system is also verified.


Green IT adoption is a sustainable use of computing resources to address the growing environmental challenges resulted from business activities. Drawing from this need, this article aims to examine the influential factors that affect Green IT adoption in SMEs. This article is an initial attempt to understand the Green IT adoption experience of SMEs in the Philippines. A framework is created encompassing the interactions of factors that facilitate the successful Green IT adoption of SMEs in developing countries. The framework was then analyzed with data from multiple case studies of Philippine SMEs. The results suggest that individual attitude, IT infrastructure, managerial support, availability of budget, and government support have significantly facilitated Green IT adoption in SMEs. The results of this article will assist business owners, policymakers, and industry associations to further Green IT adoption by SMEs in the Philippines. Practical and research implications are presented.


Authentication is one of the significant issues for all kinds of network communications. Most of the authentication protocols designed and implemented so far for entity authentication are based on classical cryptographic techniques to prevent themselves from different types of attacks. These protocols use either password or challenge for authentication. In this article, the design of the proposed quantum secure entity authentication protocol is shown. The proposed protocol is based on the challenge response method. Due to quantum computer capability to break mathematical complexity-based cryptographic techniques, the proposed protocol uses the one-time pad (OTP) to secure itself from attacks, i.e., eavesdropping, reply attack, password guessing attack, man-in-the-middle attack, brute-force attack, quantum computer attack, etc. Security of the proposed protocol was analyzed, and it shows that the proposed protocol may prevent itself from different types of attacks. Further, analysis for quantum Secure was carried out. From the analysis, it is found that if the OTP key is truly random and cannot be reused, then a computer with infinite capacity or quantum computer cannot break the encrypted challenge and response. The proposed protocol may be used for entity authentication for the client, server, process, and user.


To achieve a complete under-standing of the biomechanical aspects involved when maxillofacial bones are stricken by external forces, it is necessary to study them as one body. Experiments carried out following this concept are reported here. Different weights were applied to the mandible at the center of the mental region and the distribution of principal strains of bone were analyzed.It was found that force is transmitted through the mandibular bone along the bone radial structure. On the maxillofacial bone, the zygomatic arch received most of the stresses and suffered frequent damage.


Optimal feature distribution and feature selection are of paramount importance for reliable fault diagnosis in induction motors. This paper proposes a hybrid feature selection model with a novel discriminant feature distribution analysis-based feature evaluation method. The hybrid feature selection employs a genetic algorithm- (GA-) based filter analysis to select optimal features and a -NN average classification accuracy-based wrapper analysis approach that selects the most optimal features. The proposed feature selection model is applied through an offline process, where a high-dimensional hybrid feature vector is extracted from acquired acoustic emission (AE) signals, which represents a discriminative fault signature. The feature selection determines the optimal features for different types and sizes of single and combined bearing faults under different speed conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed feature selection scheme is verified through an online process that diagnoses faults in an unknown AE fault signal by extracting only the selected features and using the -NN classification algorithm to classify the fault condition manifested in the unknown signal. The classification performance of the proposed approach is compared with those of existing state-of-the-art average distance-based approaches. Our experimental results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms the existing methods with regard to classification accuracy.


Shallot seed based on farmer groups was developed at the Situ Hyang Farmer Group, Pangkalan Village, Langkaplancar District, Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province, from July to December 2021. Activities consist of (1) a Demonstration of shallot seed production in an area of 1 ha involving 20 participatory farmers; (2) Technical guidance to increase farmer capacity; and (3) Initiation of a shallot production system based on farmer groups. The objectives of this assessment are: (1) To produce certified shallot seeds; (2) Increase farmer capacity in terms of shallot seed production technology; (3) Growing farmer groups as shallot seed breeders. The data collected consisted of (a) Characteristics of the research location, (b) Certified shallot seed yields, (c) Knowledge, attitudes, and skills of farmers before and after the implementation of technical guidance. Data on the characteristics of the research location and the yield of certified shallot seeds were analyzed descriptively and then tabulated to make them more informative and easier to understand. The results of the study showed that: (1) certified seeds of the Bima Brebes and Trisula varieties amounted to 3.79 tons and 0.57 tons, respectively; (2) Technical guidance with denfarm media is effective in increasing the ability of farmers in shallot seed production technology, (3) The development of shallot seeds is carried out using a systems approach and technological and institutional assistance by shallot breeders based on farmer groups.


The development of a system that assist and educate users in diagnostics can be beneficial as a support for epidemic control. The UCKG-Why-QA system was developed to provide and assist users in preliminary diagnostics, especially in plant disease, where the previously developed visualized causality knowledge graph is integrated with the automatic QA system. However there are 2 major barriers to the development of the UCKG-Why-QA system: competence barrier and language barrier. This research therefore proposes the development of a user interface, where visualization causality knowledge graph is applied, coupled with the previously developed causality knowledge graph construction as solutions to the barriers. The developed UCKG-Why-QA system was evaluated by performing a Likert Scale evaluation method with knowledge transfer quality tests on the UCKG-Why-QA system prototype.


M.E. Lobashev and V.В. Savvateev in 1959 obtained unique data on the expansion of the adaptive capabilities of the organism when training the properties of higher nervous activity by the formation of conditioned food reflexes to stimuli that exhaust the nervous system. Apparently, the formation of a conditioned connection help to overcoming stressful effects, adaptation to restrictive conditions, and changes in the functioning of the nervous system. To test this assumption, the influence of stressful influences hypoxia on learning and memory of Drosophila in the paradigm of conditioned reflex suppression of courtship was studied. The results were obtained on the enhancement of the ability to learn under hypoxic exposure. These experimental conditions did not affect memory formation. The effect of hypoxia on chromosomes through the formation of double-stranded breaks was revealed. The data are discussed in light of the relationship between neuroplasticity processes and mechanisms of adaptation to stressors.


The literature is reviewed regarding the difference between planned contrasts, OVA and unplanned contrasts. The relationship between statistical power of a test method and Type I, Type II error rates is first explored to provide a framework for the discussion. The concepts and formulation of contrast, orthogonal and non-orthogonal contrasts are introduced. It is argued that planned contrasts are confused on thoughtful research questions of interest and reflect researchers' rational anticipation. An OVA test or unplanned contrasts, on the other hand, do not provide desired information in many situations. It is also explained that, to control for the possible inflated error rate for unplanned contrasts which usually test a large nuaber of hypotheses, wanted or unwanted, some Bonferroni type of corrections are invoked. It is these corrections, usually built into statistical tables, that reduce the power of unplanned contrasts. This is demonstrated through a comparison of the critical values for planned contrasts and for some popular unplanned contrasts. (Contains 27 references.) (Author) *************************%(******************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the bust that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************k************** U.S. DEPARTMENT Of EOUCATMON Oeme d Educatronel Reemircn and ImmOmment ED ,ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Zech,' document has 0On reproduced as reciovs0 born the person of organaabon 0,4Pnlahng., C Nhnor changes have been made td .MtNove rogNOCIoCt.0, Cluilrty PPot1101 *o+ Or 00.0.0oS stated .n INS ClOotr men! do not necessaroy represent othc.sI OE R) sosmon or policy "PERMISSION. TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 4/A1 WAA4 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."


Using the tool of VBA for AutoCAD2000,first,create an Active control for acquire equation expression of non-circular gear transmission based on users'desire,Then,create three mathematic model based on users'desire.At last,bade on mathematic model and VBA program,generate graph of pitch.At the same time,in order to be convenience to user,Author also design other subordinate modules,for example dynamic querying about pitch parameter at any time,simulation of pitch rotate,and so on.They will make up of an entirely Module of non-circular gear pitch.


The overall objective of this paper is to design and analyze a composite drive shaft for power transmission applications. A one-piece drive shaft for rear wheel drive automobile was designed optimally using E-Glass/Epoxy and High modulus (HM) Carbon/Epoxy composites. In this paper an Analytical and ANSYS Software has been successfully applied to minimize the weight of shaft which is subjected to the constraints such as torque transmission, Static Structural capacities. The results of Analytical Analysis are used to perform Torsional Buckling analysis using ANSYS software. The results show the stacking sequence and fiber angle orientation of shaft strongly affects Buckling strength of shaft.