The basin of Rio Tijuana, due to its binational character, allows us to compare and contrast two ways of space appropriation in a homogeneous physical unit, but very different from a socio-economical point of view. Historically, the population growth has been intimately linked to migrations rather than to natural growth and it has been fundamentally determined by economic events in the United Stated of America. The pattern of land usage is very different in both countries. In Mexico, the accelerated population growth and the lack of investment in infrastructure has given birth to a compact urban pattern and an increase in zones prone to flooding and landslides. In the United States the population growth, although also accelerated, was followed by strong investment in infrastructure. This translates into a more disperse urban pattern that derived into an urban interface in a forest zone naturally predisposed to fires.


The structure of endosperm is closely related with the grain quality of rice and is believed to be mediated by environmental conditions.The objectives of this study were to investigate the structure of rice endosperm and the grain quality by a scanning electron microscope.Using four hybrid rice combinations,Liangyoupeijiu,103S/Zhengjing 2,Fengyouxiangzhan and Shanyou 63,grown in pot and treated with low temperature at 18℃ during 010 days(T_1),1120 days(T_2),and 2130 days(T_3) after flowering respectively,while the temperature of control was 2427℃.The results showed that the grain was abnormal in exterior shape,the area of chalkiness increased,and the size of the amyloplast,either complex or single,decreased,the difference in size between complex and single amyloplast increased,their arrangements loosened,and resulted in more complex and fewer single amyloplast by the low temperature treatments.The earlier the low temperature treatment was,the more serious effect was on the endosperm structure.If plants were subjected to low temperature at early grain filling stage and then grown under a normal temperature at late stages,effects of the low temperature on the grain shape,structure of endosperm and the chalkiness area for inferior grains were serious,whereas those for superior grains were not obvious.The results suggest that the structure of endosperm is deteriorated by low temperature during the grain filling period,leading to poor grain quality of rice.


The present article presents a short analysis of the legal regime of the administrative contentious claims against the Government Ordinances, showing that the control of the courts of justice is limited, by report to the legal nature of the acts under analysis. Also, the article presents the conditions to be fulfilled by the administrative contentious claims against the Government Ordinances, showing that these claims have as object: the award of damages for the tort caused by the Government Ordinances, the annulment of the administrative acts, the obligation of the public authority to issue an administrative act, the obligations of the public authority to perform a certain administrative operation.


Objective To prepare high titer antiserum against measles virus and use for the virus identification,mycoplasma examination in control tests on vaccine as well as combined titration test on MM and MMR vaccines.Methods Measles virus L4 strain was subcultured in Vero cells to obtain high titer virus bulk and prepare the antigen for immunization.Rabbits were injected with the prepared antigen by i.p.,i.v.and s.c.routes respectively,and the obtained antisera were subjected to control tests according to the requirements in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Results The neutralizing titers of antisera prepared by immunization of rabbits by i.p.,i.v.and s.c.routes were 1 ∶ 960,1 ∶ 2 560 and 1 ∶ 3 840 respectively.All the antisera met the requirements for control tests on vaccine.Conclusion The preparation of antiserum against measles virus by s.c.injection in several sites on back of rabbits was simple,and the prepared serum reached the highest titer,which might be an optimal method for preparation of high titer antiserum against measles virus.


The effects of consumer brand attitudes and consumption situations on behavioral intentions and reported behavior are analyzed for 172 adult beer drinkers. The inclusion of situational variables in the multiple regression equations substantially increased the levels of explained variances for behavioral intentions and reported behavior. The inclusion of an interaction term of attitude-toward-the-object and a consumption situation did not increase the level of explained variance of behavioral intention; substantial improvement in the levels of explained variance of reported behavior was found with an interaction term in the equations. Thus, behavioral intention toward a particular brand is likely to be modified by situational influences.


Objective:To explore the effects of mast cell on the proli feration of orbital fibroblasts (OFb). Methods:To separate and purify bone marr ow-derived mast cells (BMMC) and orbital fibroblasts (OFb) of mice. Three groups were designed in the study: the group of OFb cultured solely (as control), the group of BMMC and OFb cocultured contactly(test group) and the group of BMMC and OFB cocultured uncontactly. Light microscope and electron microscope and cell c ount technique were used to investigate the effects of mast cells on the prolife ration of OFb. Results:The proliferation of OFb in test group was very active, a nd presented multilayer growth tendency, and the number of the OFb significantly increased comparing with that of group three and the control group respectively (P 0.01). Whereas the number of the OFb in group three had no significant dif ference comparing with the control (P 0.05). Under electron microscope, the RER increased obviously and BMMC closely contacted with OFb in group two, and some BMMC presented degranule phenomena. Conclusions:Mast cell can obviously promote the survival and proliferation of orbital fibroblasts, and active the functions of OFb. The effects of mast cell on OFb may be completed by tight contaction bet ween BMMC and OFb.


The differences between the poetry of love and friendship and that of redemption can be shown to be those existing between two separate but related genres. The poetry of love and friendship is secular, and that of redemption sacred; but the division between the two is not exact. In this article we will try to show that the threads of awe and religious emotion are also woven into the poetry of love. The links between love poetry and biblical elements, especially those of the Midrash, are not only literary conventions, but also tendencies of the poetry itself.


Injection molding machine plays an important role in making plastic parts. In the plastic manufacturing industry, there has been a significant increase in the use of Injection molding machine. Injection molding machine according to hydraulic and electric control system that are separated way. In this paper, the sources of Injection unit measurement performance are discussed. It confirmed high deviation as injection stroke > holding pressure> temperature according to measurement.


The long-term correlation of Chinese agricultural products futures markets from 1999 to 2005 are analyzed by the revised R/S method.The empirical result shows that the bean futures market is persistent and its volatility is aggregated and the volatility of the return time series of which is nonlinear.While the wheat futures market has both 40 days and 170 days non-periodic sub-cycles in which its volatility is persistent.But its Hurst Exponent turns to 0.258 and its persistence reversed when the time span is longer than 170 days which shows that the market is reversed persistent and variable.The high Hurst Exponents of the both futures markets show that they don't reach the weak market efficiency until now.


For the first time, a simple on-line continuous leaching method, where artificial gastrointestinal fluids are sequentially pumped through a mini-column of food while As is continuously monitored by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), is used to assess the bio-accessibility of As in Arabic area rice. This on-line leaching method offers several advantages over batch methods; most notably, it provides real-time leaching data and involves a shorter and simpler sample preparation, which reduces the risk of contamination. There was no significant difference between the bio-accessible As concentrations measured by on-line and batch methods, although, with the on-line method, the concentration sum of As leached and As left in the residue was closer to the total As concentration according to a Student's t-test at the 95 % confidence level, which is commensurate with the batch method being more subject to contamination. Leaching with artificial saliva released As the most, followed by artificial gastric juice and intestinal fluid. Both the on-line and batch methods showed that 20%-95% of As in rice samples is bioaccessible. The results of As bio-accessibility in unwashed raw rice and in washed cooked rice after simply washing the rice with water prior to cooking were similar, indicating that cooking had no significant effect on As bio-accessibility. A method based on anion-exchange chromatography with on-line detection by ICP-MS was also used for the speciation analysis of As. For better risk assessment, speciation analysis was performed on washed and cooked samples. Because saliva leached the most


Through the use of remote sensing, the productivity and the nutritional state of the plants can be estimated in relation to the nitrogen doses due to the modification of the canopy reflectance. In this study, values of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained by a terrestrial optical sensor were correlated with productivity and contents of nitrogen (N) and of foliar crude protein (CP) of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, fertigated with doses of sewage treatment effluent (STE) The NDVI average rates of the forage were obtained by the active terrestrial sensor (GreenSeeker) before the harvests that were realized every 28 days in 2014. Five fertigated treatments with the following fractions of STE in water were evaluated: E5 = 1.0; E4 = 0.87; E3 = 0.60; E2 = 0.31; and E1 = 0.11. During the 12 months of experiment, the treatment E5 received 1,132 kg ha of N and the others received quantities proportional according to the application fractions defined in each treatment. The increasing application doses of STE resulted in higher yields of dry biomass and better leaf qualities in N and crude protein (CP). The productivity, the foliar N content and the NDVI index were increasing due to the gradual application of applied STE. There was a high linear correlation among the NDVI indexes and the productivity (r>0.9256) and with the N content (r>0.9570) and also for CP (r>0.8421) and leaf N (r>0.8339), demonstrating that the method can be used to estimate forage productivity and quality.