Fucus vesiculosus was transplanted from one locality with an impoverished flora to another with a species-poor but different vegetation. Discs of Fucus thallus incubated in culture showed a significant increase in epiflora in the transplants. The possible applications to routine monitoring of polluted estuaries are discussed. Harmful effects of pollution on the algal biodiversity of estuaries have been reported in numerous floristic studies (e.g. Edwards, 1972). The species-list approach suffers from a number of quite serious flaws: it is highly labour intensive; the absence of sampling rigour makes it difficult to interpret the results; and it is unsuitable as a basis for routine monitoring. In order to overcome these objections, it was decided to see if Fucus vesiculosus L. (Algae: Fucophyceae) a perennial macrophyte with high tolerance to pollution, can function as a trap for spores of smaller algae in the same locality and so express, in some way, the species richness of the surrounding vegetation. The method adopted to test this idea was simply to transfer Fucus from one locality with an impoverished flora to another with a species-poor but different vegetation, and then to quantify the effects of transference on the diversity of the epiflora.


The development of next generation high energy density lithium ion batteries (LIBs) adopting electrode materials with higher specific capacity or higher working voltage has attracted great interest...


The reconstructive ladder has been a traditional teaching model for the selection of reconstructive surgery options for many years. Some publications in recent decades have proposed that the reconstructive ladder is no longer applicable, because many new adjunctive reconstructive options are difficult to incorporate into it. Some authors have suggested adding additional or adjunctive procedures into the vertical ladder. This did not make good sense, and some have proposed that the vertical ladder be abandoned. A reconstructive elevator model was proposed as a better way of selecting reconstructive options. Several other methods have also been previously proposed.


Diabetic patients are considered to be at increased risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality because of the involvement of their vital organs and the autonomic nervous system in the natural course of the disease. Various aspects of anesthesia and surgery cause stress induced hemodynamic, endocrine and metabolic changes in type 2 diabetic subjects. The present study was designed to investigate the surgical stress response difference between the patients groups those who are treated with only insulin and with insulin-oral hypoglycaemic drugs combination before surgery. Stress response was measured with the changes of blood glucose, C-peptide and cortisol. A total number of 30 subjects who were admitted in BIRDEM hospital in fit physical condition (ASA Class I & II) were selected for the present study. Among them 15 patients were treated with only insulin and 15 patients were treated with insulin- OHA combination before surgery. All of the subjects were received total abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia. Three samples were collected from each subject. The first sample (control, PT 0 ) was collected just before anesthesia; second sample (PT 1 ) collected 10 minutes after incision and third sample (PT 2 ) collected 10 minutes after extubation. Plasma glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method, serum C-peptide and cortisol by chemiluminescent based ELISA technique. The mean±SD age and BMI were 44±6 years and 24.4±3.0 kg/m 2 respectively. In insulin treated group, the plasma glucose level was significantly higher in PT 2 and it was about 147% whereas in insulin-OHA group, the plasma glucose level was significantly higher in both PT 1 (111%) and PT 2 (196%). The serum C-peptide values were decreasing tendency but not significant in both groups. The serum cortisol level was increased gradually and significantly higher in PT 2 in both groups. The data suggest that a) insulin treatment alone is more effective than insulin-OHA combination to control blood glucose in type 2 diabetic subjects undergoing surgery under general anesthesia, b) lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia in well controlled type 2 diabetic subjects is accompanied by a hyperglycemic response which results from rise of insulin antagonists like cortisol rather than fall of insulin secretion, but the two treatment modalities lead to similar cortisol response. Key words: General anesthesia, Serum glucose, cortisol, Total abdominal hysterectomy Journal of BSA, Vol. 20, No. 1, January 2007 p.3-8


Two mathematical models, one analytic and the other relying on computer simulation, were used to investigate the effects of cancelled buses on passenger waiting times, and also the improvements which could be brought about by rescheduling. Two rescheduling strategies were evaluated by the analytic model, the first to provide equal headways for available buses in a schedule changing daily, while the second provided a reserve pool of buses to replace cancelled buses in a new service scheduled at a lower frequency. The simulation model was used to represent two real bus services. It is estimated that in situations where services are consistently running behind complement, rescheduling could produce savings in passenger waiting time amounting to some 20000 hours per year for each bus missing from the original service. /TRRL/


Dark matter–baryon scaling relations in galaxies are important in order to constrain galaxy formation models. Here, we provide a modern quantitative assessment of these relations by modelling the rotation curves of galaxies from the Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves (SPARC) database with the Einasto dark halo model. We focus in particular on the comparison between the original SPARC parameters, with constant mass-to-light ratios for bulges and discs, and the parameters for which galaxies follow the tightest radial acceleration relation. We show that fits are improved in the second case, and that the pure halo scaling relations also become tighter. We report that the density at the radius where the slope is −2 is strongly anti-correlated to this radius and to the Einasto index. The latter is close to unity for a large number of galaxies, indicative of large cores. In terms of dark matter–baryon scalings, we focus on relations between the core properties and the extent of the baryonic component, which are relevant to the cusp-core transformation process. We report a positive correlation between the core size of halos with small Einasto index and the stellar disc scale-length, and between the averaged dark matter density within 2 kpc and the baryon-induced rotational velocity at that radius. This finding is related to the consequence of the radial acceleration relation on the diversity of rotation curve shapes, quantified by the rotational velocity at 2 kpc. While a tight radial acceleration relation slightly decreases the observed diversity compared to the original SPARC parameters, the diversity of baryon-induced accelerations at 2 kpc is sufficient to induce a large diversity, incompatible with current hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation, while maintaining a tight radial acceleration relation.


Abstract We develop a thermodynamic formalism for a smooth realization of pseudo-Anosov surface homeomorphisms. In this realization, the singularities of the pseudo-Anosov map are assumed to be fixed, and the trajectories are slowed down so the differential is the identity at these points. Using Young towers, we prove existence and uniqueness of equilibrium states for geometric t-potentials. This family of equilibrium states includes a unique SRB measure and a measure of maximal entropy, the latter of which has exponential decay of correlations and the central limit theorem.


Compensatory Health Beliefs (CHBs) are beliefs that the negative effects of an unhealthy behavior can be compensated for, or "neutralised," by engaging in a healthy behavior. "I can eat this piece of cake now because I will exercise this evening" is an example of such beliefs. The present research describes a psychometric scale to measure CHBs (Study 1) and provides data on its reliability and validity (Studies 2 and 3). The results show that scores on the scale are uniquely associated with health-related risk behaviors and symptom reports and can be differentiated from a number of related constructs, including irrational health beliefs. Holding CHBs may hinder individuals from acquiring healthier lifestyles, for example lose weight or exercise.


According to the structure characteristics of herringbone gear transmission, a more realistic dynamic model of the transmission system is built in consideration of the inner excitation, herringbone gears axial positioning and sliding bearing etc. The natural frequencies of the system are calculated, and the vibration mode is divided into symmetric vibration modes and asymmetric vibration modes. The time history of system dynamic force is obtained by solving the dynamic model. The effects of the connection stiffness of left and right sides of herringbone gears and axial support stiffness on natural characteristics are discussed.


The LID control in US EPA SWMM5 includes modeling of Green-Ampt infiltration through the soil layer which assumes that only matrix flow is present. The LID control also models drainage through perforated underdrains. In this study, data and premade PCSWMM models, utilizing the SWMM5 engine, were provided for two test sites in North America. The models showed limitations in modeling soil flow and the comprehensiveness of modeling underdrains. Literature research and runs with modifications to the PCSWMM models indicated that macropore flow was also present for both sites due to the in-situ observed rapid percolation response. Furthermore, the underdrain flow modeling in the LID control was perceived as insufficient in addition to lacking options for two outlets. Hence, modified code with additional options was developed for the underdrain code in the LID control including partially submerged orifices, Manning's equation and dual outlets. The code was tested in the provided models with promising results. Although dual outlets are not commonly mentioned in design manuals, the results in the study showed potential gains both in terms of water treatment and reduced peak flows (Less)


In order to construct the retroviral vector with sheep Sox2 to induce ovine somatic cell to iPS,sheep Sox2 gene was cloned,and then linked with retroviral vector pMXs.293GP cells were co-transfected by the vector and pVSV-G.Viral supernatant was infected sheep fibroblast cells in order to detect the expression of Sox2.The results were showed as followed.PCR and restriction enzyme digestion revealed that pMXs-Sox2 plasmid was constructed successfully.Expression of Sox2 was detected in sheep fibroblasts cell after being infected by the viral supernatant obtained.The results indicated that the vector obtained could be used to induce sheep somatic cell reprogramming.


Single quantum wells of varying well size (150–300 A) exhibiting sharp photoluminescence lines were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Photoluminescence structure and intensity were comparable to high quality multiple quantum wells in that linewidths as low as 0.5 meV and transitions associated with free heavy‐hole excitons as well as bound excitons and acceptor impurities were observed. Also reported for the first time in optical transmission measurements on single wells are excitonic absorption lines. These are as narrow as 0.38 meV full width at half‐maximum. In contrast to earlier findings, the binding energy of the acceptor in single quantum wells displays the same functional dependence on the well thickness as in multiple quantum wells as a consequence of an improved bottom (inverted) interface.


In this thesis, I intend to study the translational and clinical interpretation through the theory of Eum-Yang-Li-Hap', and reached the following conclusions. 1. 'Eum-Yang (陰陽)' in title, means Yin and Yang as method of understanding nature or humanbody, and 'Li-Hap (離合)' in title, means classification and getting together. Especially there are a view that Eum Yang in title means only meridinans within the limit of human body, but the limit needn't, because the word 'Li-Hap of 3Yin-3Yang (三陰三陽之離合)' as meaning of human meridians in the text. 2. The content of the text is generally seperated into 3 parts, the 1st part contents properties of Li Hap of Yin and Yang. 2nd and 3rd parts content the explanation of property of 3Yin and 3Yang, as example of human meridians with local conception, and content nicknames of 3Yin-3Yang and present the Ideo of 'Kae-Hap-Choo (開闔樞)'. 3. 3Yin-3Yang in the text, many of annotators tried to explanate by three types of conception, of human meridians, of the 'Viscera-Bowels (臟腑)', or of the 'Element motions and Natural factors (運氣)'. I think that these three conceptions could be mixed when the text was written, and regarde for the present that 3Yin-3Yang is explanated by the conception of human meridians. 4. 'Eum (陰)' the head-letter of the nicknames of 3Yin-3Yang, I think that it means 'Jok-Gyeong (足經)' related with the words 'The earth belongs to Yin (地爲陰)' in the text. And it i s considered that further studies should be followed on the tail-words of 3Yin-3Yang's nicknams. 5. Kae-Hap-Choo, Used in similitude" as 'Li (離)' of 3Yin-3Yang, are seperated functions by location of 3Yin-3Yang. In text 'Tae-Yang (太陽)' and 'Tae-Eum (太陰)' act as 'Kae (開)', 'Yang-Myeong (陽明)', and 'Gweor-Eum (厥陰)' act as 'Hap (闔)', 'So-Yang (少陽)' and 'So-Eum (少陰)' act as 'Choo (樞).' But there is other theory that Gweor-Eum act as Choo, and So-Eum act as Hap. 6. The theory of Kae-Hop-Choo, including only Jok-Gyeong being main materials of 'Yook Gyeong-Byeon-Jeung (六經辨證) had influence on development of clinical studies. If the theory of Kae-Hap-Choo receives and unions the ideos of '3 burning-Spaces (三焦)', metabolism, etc. more development of medicine is expected.


emphasis in it on mathematics as such, and about sixty pages, not consecutive, are devoted directly to the learning of logarithmic calculation, the study of angles, triangles, and circles, geometrical drawing, and various kinds of graphs. Nearly as many pages contain the applications to citizenship from which the book takes its title, and the chapter headings here are insurance, hospital and health services, parks and playing fields, water-supply, gassupply, sewage disposal, births and deaths, finances of a borough, road making, road accidents, income tax, and the budget. Perhaps surprisingly, it is in the chapter on gas-supply that the opportunity is made to teach the use of tangent tables, and also the word " parabola " . The tables given also include sines and cosines, but no similar opportunity of introducing them appears to have been made. A great deal of practice in mensuration has been contrived by interesting pupils in the many miles of pipes of varying sizes which carry gas and water and sewage under our streets. The reading of tables and graphs of statistics in considerable variety has also received attention. Some of the examples, however, e.g. the statistics about diphtheria and tuberculosis, and the suggestions about the size of playing fields in relation to the number of pupils in a school, would seem more suitable for training college students and adult classes than for boys and girls of fifteen, and it is unfortunate that on page 38 it is implied that it takes the whole of the national insurance contributions to provide the health services and sickness benefits whereas they also cover unemployment insurance and industrial pensions. The examples in exercise 81 where the salary has to be deduced from the income tax paid, instead of the other way round, seem somewhat unpractical. Two more mathematical criticisms are : (a) fig. 5 on page 11 is on a different scale from fig. 4, and several numbers which are not " tens " have been inserted, so the heading is misleading ; (b) in exercises 67 and 68 there is no indication of what conventional projection is to be used for the scale " pictures " , nor any suggestion that the teacher should be consulted. At intervals throughout the book, and occupying some sixty-three pages in all, are sets of miscellaneous exercises under the heading " revision " . Like other exercises these are marked E (easiest), A or H, but whether a pupil working steadily through all the E exercises might be expected to find them gradually becoming more difficult is not stated. It is likely that to many a pupil each problem would appear new, in spite of occasional references back —if he really wished to revise he would want a group all on one subject. H. M. C.


Demand for Money and Interest Rates: a Theoretical Approach In this paper we re-examine some aspects related to the theoretical determinants of interest rates. First, we build a theoretical model of the demand for assets, centered on the transac- tionary demand for money approach. Second, on the basis of the aforementioned model, we formulate a model for the determination of interest rates, in which these are derived from the equilibrium conditions in the assets markets. Finally, within this last framework, we analyse the incidence of the expected inflation rate and the public debt stock upon the real interest rates, obtaining some results related to the so-called Fisher Effect and Ricard- ian Equivalence Theorem.


This article discusses the main directions of labor migration. Demography in the world economy is a science that deals with the movement of population and labor resources, it studies the composition, dynamics of the population, as well as the general laws of location and migration, based on social, economic, biological and geographical factors. Based on this, population changes in different countries and regions, forecasts for the future are developed. In demographic statistics, indicators such as the birth rate (number of births per 1,000 people), the death rate (number of deaths per 1,000 people), the marriage rate, the natural growth rate, that is, the differences between births and deaths are widely used.


This study was conducted to determine antioxidant activities in acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water extracts from the seeds of 4 persimmon cultivars. Antioxidant activities were evaluated on the basis of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity (RSA), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) RSA, and reducing power. Cheongdobansi seed extracts showed significantly higher antioxidant activities and phenolic contents than did Bongok, Fuyu, and Nishimurawase seed extracts. Ethanol was more effective for the extraction of antioxidant compounds from persimmons than other solvents. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were the main fatty acids found in persimmon seeds. Fuyu seeds contained the highest levels of fatty acids, and the unsaturated fatty acid contents of persimmon seeds range from 70.4% to 78.3%. All persimmon seed extracts, with the exception of the water extract of Nishimurawase seeds, inhibited DNA damage induced by H2O2.


Since the microwave dielectric properties of BiNbO4 were first reported, various attempts have been undertaken to improve the properties of this ceramics, such as the addition of oxides or the substitution of bismuth by lanthanides. In this work, (Bi1-xEux)NbO4 (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50) samples were prepared using the sol-gel method and treated at different temperatures. The structure was studied by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and the morphology by scanning electron microscopy. The measurement of the complex permittivity was made using the small perturbation theory, at resonant frequency of 2.7 GHz. In order to study the effect of the treatment temperature and x value in the dielectric properties, the two-way ANOVA method was used. It is clear that the most significant parameter is the treatment temperature. The highest Q × f value was obtained for the sample treated at 1,150°C due to the densification of the obtained ceramics.


X-ray crystallography is the prime method for the elucidation of three-dimensional molecular structures. It enables the structure determination of biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. The determination of novel macromolecular structures is hampered by the crystallographic phase problem, i.e. only the intensity of the reflections but not their phase angle can be recorded during the diffraction experiment. Experimental phasing is one technique to solve this phase problem; it usually requires the incorporation of heavy atoms in the protein crystal. Conventional derivatisation with heavy-metal salts often suffers from non-specific binding, resulting in low occupancy of the heavy-atom sites or derivatisation failing completely. In this thesis a new class of compounds was developed that combines heavy atoms for experimental phasing with functional groups for interaction with biological macromolecules. The lead structure is based on a benzene ring that provides a rigid scaffold. The ring is substituted with three functional groups and three heavy atoms, iodine or bromine, respectively. The three functional groups, e.g. carboxyl or amino groups, but also hydroxyl or methoxy moieties, may interact with protein residues and therefore the novel compounds show enhanced binding properties compared to traditional heavy-atom compounds. The three halogen atoms provide a strong anomalous signal and may be used for experimental phasing. The halogen atoms form an equilateral triangle, which is easily recognised in the heavy-atom substructure. So far several novel protein structures have been solved with the iodine triangle compound. The sticky compounds of the current work are readily available and easy to use.


Information-centric networking (ICN) is a novel paradigm that aims at improving the performance of today's Internet by supporting caching and multicast content delivery on every network device. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a centralized strategy to stimulate third parties to jointly lease the unused bandwidth and storage available on wireless access points (APs) in an ICN. We formulate this problem as a combinatorial reverse auction run by a content provider (CP) willing to increase the number of users reached by its service. We show that the optimal allocation with partial coverage problem is NP-hard, provide greedy heuristics that guarantee the individual rationality and truthfulness properties, and compare their performance numerically. We evaluate the benefits of our proposed mechanisms in terms of the cost savings for the CP obtained by offloading its infrastructure through the caches and the reduced computational time to execute the allocation algorithms. We compare the results obtained in this centralized setting with those that can be observed when the mobile clients autonomously choose which AP they prefer to use, among those activated by the auction mechanism. We model this second scenario as a congestion game, showing that it exhibits the desired properties (i.e., existence and uniqueness of a Nash equilibrium) and by comparing its social welfare with the centralized case.


In recent years,the creative agriculture had received many domestic and foreign scholars' attention. By changing the traditional mode of agricultural economy,the creative agriculture played an increasingly prominent role in promoting the modern agricultural economy,and it had became formidable power to reduce the agriculture development gap between city and countryside,developed countries and development countries. Although the Quanzhou longan industry had obtained great achievement,it also had many problems. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of relevant literatures,creative agriculture theory was used to make the proposed suggestions for the Quanzhou longan industry optimized development which in the view of the creative industrial economics,the cultural economics,the experience economics,thus it was helpful for the development of Quanzhou logan industry and the promeotion of creative agriculture in Quanzhou.


The
  purpose
  of
  this
  study
  is
  to
  explore
  the
  nature
  of
  citizen
  journalism
  at
  a
  hyper-‐local level
  through
  understanding
  how
  and
  why
  students
  use
  the
  Resolving
  Door
  website,
  a University
  of
  Colorado
  Boulder
  School
  of
  Journalism
  and
  Mass
  Communication
  effort which
  offered
  a
  potential
  citizen
  journalism
  platform
  through
  a
  question-‐and-‐answer platform.
  Public
  sphere,
  credibility,
  gatekeeping,
  gatewatching,
  and
  uses
  and gratifications
  theories
  help
  build
  the
  theoretical
  framework
  for
  the
  evaluation.
  This study
  looks
  at
  the
  user's
  experience
  through
  both
  a
  quantitative
  survey
  and
  follow-‐up qualitative
  interviews
  among
  Resolving
  Door
  participants.
  It
  concludes
  with
  why
  the Resolving
  Door,
  in
  its
  current
  state,
  is
  not
  an
  example
  of
  citizen
  journalism.


separately and simultaneously. The kinetics of metal assimilation and total accumulated quantity depended on the type of treatment. Following metal exposure, an increase in peroxidase activity in the seedlings treated with Cd and Ni/Cd, and in superoxide-dismutase activity during Ni/Cd treatment was observed. A parallel change of peroxidase isoenzyme pattern occurred. There was a good correlation between accumulated metals in needles and enzyme activities. The effect of Cd on the measured parameters was shown to be stronger comparing to the effect of Ni. The results obtained show that peroxidase and superoxide-dismutase activity and peroxidase isoenzyme pattern could be used to evaluate the capacity of one part of the defense system in spruce seedlings to withstand metal stress.


This paper deal with the socio-political situations in YeoSu for 3 years from 1945 to 1948. For this purpose, This paper examined the social economic conditions and social movements in YeoSu after Japanese-rule periods. The findings of this study are as follows: Firstly, The social economic conditions of YeoSu were better than other places in Chosun not only Japanese-rule periods but also the 3 years after National Liberation-Day. The trade work of YeoSu harbor and manufacturing industry made YeoSu rich place relatively. Secondly, The social movements of YeoSu were not good as other places of that periods. Social movements organizations of YeoSu were of small number and the power of Social movements organizations were weak. There were few incidents that Social movements organizations played leading parts. Thirdly, The situations of Social movements of YeoSu changed at the early of 1948. Outbreaking Anti Devided country(Anti DanSunDanJeong movements), Demonstrations, Signal fire movements and raising Red flag movement occurred in YeoSu frequently.


This paper investigates the discharge performance of t wo major lead-acid batteries, namely 12V/150Ah Gel and AGM sealed lead-acid batteries, when operating in stand-alone (off- grid) mode in photovoltaic (PV) based systems in United Arab Emirates (UAE). At harsh environmental conditions such as in UAE where the temperature can go to extremely high level in the summer, the battery performance and replacement cost increases the concerns about the reliability and economic feasibility of those batteries. This paper compares the discharge characteristics of those batteries through discharge tests performed on four similar batteries (two of each type). Experimental results of the discharge tests followed by a comparison between the two batteries are presented in this paper.


Since multimedia contents became digital lossless and lossy compression techniques have been more and more relevant to store and classify such signals. Some of the linear transformation algorithm used for compression such as DCT, PCA or LDA are known for decades and are successfully used for image, audio and video compression or in the field of multimedia content classification. In this paper a new linear algorithm for lossy feature vector compression is introduced. It can be used to simplify a dataset by reducing the number of dimensions of feature vectors (hopefully) without loss of information to enable a faster, less memory consuming classification. The algorithm bases its compression strategy on the Kullback-Leibler distance


The adsorption of gold on activated carbon in ammoniacal thiosulfate solution was studied. The variables affecting the adsorption of gold on the carbon included, among others, temperature, concentrations of ammonium hydroxide and thiosulfate, and those of accompanying cations and anions. The apparent activation energy for the adsorption process was estimated to be 19.4 kJ/mol, and this value indicates that the gold adsorption is film diffusion-controlled. It was also found that the rate of initial adsorption rate was fast, when compared to that of the overall adsorption process.


This paper presents a method to obtain programs to control an industrial equipment using the supervisory control theory (SCT). The presented approach is based on high detailed process models. A model of the interactions between the control unit and the process is also included in the plant model to facilitate the extraction of the controller behavior from the supervisor. An approach to obtain from the supervisor a controller straightforwardly implementable and then to automatically generate the control unit program is provided. The method presented in this paper has been tested on several case studies (from specifications to test with a real process). A dimensional summary of two of them is presented in the last section.


The effects of surface diffuseness on the single particle level structure and wave functions are investigated in a pure single particle model It is shown that the ground state and the first excited state of O/sup 17/, which are interPreted as giving ld/sub 5/2/ and 2s/sub 1/2/ shell levels, respectively, and low energy elastic scattering of neutrons by O/sup 16/ can be well reproduced by a diffuse pctential well. In particular, it is pointed out that the relative location of 2s/sub 1/2/ and ld/sub 5/2/ levels depends sensitively on finer details of the surface diffuseness. The modifications of the single particle wave functions from pure harmonic oscillator functions are further investigated, and they are found to be small up to lp states. but for higher states they may be so large that with pure oscillator functions one cannot hope to make quantitative discussions when treating near A = 16 nuclei. (auth)


Tensor polarization observables (t 20 , t 21 and t 22 ) have been measured in elastic electron-deuteron scattering for six values of momentum transfer between 0.66 and 1.7 (GeV/c) 2 . The experiment was performed at the Jefferson Laboratory in Hall C using the electron HMS Spectrometer, a specially designed deuteron magnetic channel and the recoil deuteron polarimeter POLDER. The new data determine to much larger Q 2 the deuteron charge form factors G C and G Q . They are in good agreement with relativistic calculations and disagree with pQCD predictions.


This paper is conceptual in nature. It begins with a critique of the slippery use of the concept of culture in organization studies and management practice and aims to illuminate problems with mainstream approaches to managing cultural differences and designing corporate culture as a panacea to organizational diversity, lack of intra-organizational cooperation or employee resistance. By contrasting the 'culture as a variable' approach with an understanding of culture as social-relational practice, as a meaning-making process, the paper expounds the importance of taking into account the fluidity of cultural categories, and the context-dependent and history-dependent nature of self-identification and self-consciousness in the attempts to improve performance and collaboration. The paper draws on a position known as process organization studies from which projects are ontologically understood as social settings in a permanent state of creation, evolution and emergence through complex processes of relating bet...


The surface integral equation (SLE) is used for induction well-logging modeling. The induction tools operate at very low frequencies, and very fine meshes comparable to wavelength are needed to accurately model the structure. To solve the low frequency breakdown problem of the EFIE operator, loop-tree or loop-star basis functions are necessary. To obtain a smaller number of iterations, basis rearrangement is used to lower the condition number of the matrix. We apply the contact-region-modeling (CRM) scheme on this problem and take the structure as a composite object. If we assume that the invasion zone is a single object, it is not a simply connected region anymore. A new kind of loop basis will emerge and need special treatment. After all these works, a fast algorithm can be applied to this problem for O(N) complexity.


Studies were conducted by exposing different life stages of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red fl our beetle, and Trogoderma inclusum (LeConte), the larger cabinet beetle, for different time intervals to (cid:1) 18 (cid:3) C. Assessments were made of direct mortality to eggs, larvae, and adults, and eventual adult emergence of immatures. Data were described by non-linear equations. The eggs and larvae were the most tolerant life stage of T . castaneum . Eight hours of exposure were required for 100% kill of 3 e 4-day- old eggs and 0 e 10- and 11 e 21-day-old larvae, but only 4, 0.5, and 0.5 h respectively were required to completely inhibit adult emergence. For T . inclusum , the most tolerant life stage was 15 e 28-day-old larvae; 64 and 16 h respectively were required for complete mortality and inhibition of adult emergence. Results indicate that T . inclusum was the more tolerant species, and speci fi c treatment protocols may be required for different stored product beetle species when using (cid:1) 18 (cid:3) C as a disinfestation strategy. Elsevier


A case of solitary, contralateral, asynchronous adrenal metastasis that appeared 5 years following nephrectomy is described herein. To our knowledge, ours is the fifth case reported in the world literature.


Traditional curvilinear regression methods have the disadvantages for unfavorable precision.An accelerative option for Adaptive Genetic Algorithm is presented for stage discharge problems.The practice for the parameter optimization shows that this method has the features of direct,convenient,fast and good application.Comparison was made of the algorithm with some traditional optimization methods,and the algorithm was found to be a superior global optimal method.


The Gestalt Cycle of Experience is used by many Gestalt therapists to analyze the experience process of their patients. On the base of the distinction by Buber between the I from the IIt and the I from the IThou, the paper concludes that the Cycle allows a good understanding of the IIt functional experience but not for the IThou dialogical relationship. Therefore an Interpersonal Cycle is proposed taking as a model the Personal Existential Analysis. It is assumed that this new cycle will be more useful for the therapeutic work.


The desorption of phenol from organically modified bentonite (ODTMA–bentonite) using supercritical fluids was studied. Parameters such as pressure, temperature, supercritical fluid flow rate and co-solvent (entrainer) concentration were investigated. The maximum desorption of phenol (ca. 98 w/w%) using supercritical CO2 (SC CO2) was obtained by operating at 500 bar, 353 K and 3.33 × 10−8 m3 SC CO2/s. In the presence of ethanol as a co-solvent (10 v/v%), the maximum desorption of phenol attained a value of 97 w/w% using supercritical CO2 at low temperature (313 K) and pressure (300 bar) and a high supercritical fluid flow rate (3.33 × 10−8 m3 SC CO2/s). In addition, the results showed that the regenerated ODTMA–bentonite retained its adsorption power towards phenol even after several regeneration cycles. It was therefore concluded that exhausted/used organobentonites might be regenerated via processes involving supercritical fluid extraction.


THIS REPORT is based upon a study of the case records of a series of 125 patients having pyogenic abscess of the brain which was verified either by operation or postmortem examination at the Royal Victoria Hospital and the Montreal Neurological Institute over a 25-year period (19251950).* The treatment had been carried out by various members of the staffs of these two hospitals. We are much indebted to them for the use of this material. We propose to make certain observations on these infections and their relationship to the sources from which they were apparently derived. SITES OF DISSEMINATION RESULTING IN BRAIN ABSCESS Eighty-five of the series were considered to be derived from loci of infection proximate to the brain; 18, from remote loci, and 22, from sources unknown. PROXIMATE LOCI OF INFECTION RESULTING IN BRAIN ABSCESS It is evident (Table 1) that most of the intracranial abscesses of this


The landslide stability evaluation is one of the key problems in landslide prevention,and its evaluation result influences the landslide prevention.But at the present,the landslide stability evaluation methods adopted by the technical personnel are different,because the standard considered degree and determined standard in quantitative analysis and evaluation standard aspect are not unique,which may cause the evaluation results quite different,so it is necessary to carry out research on it.This paper,based on engineering geological environment of landslide,presents the comprehensive evaluation method from quantitative analysis evaluation and mechanical calculative qualitative analysis evaluation of geomorphic form,macro-geological condition,action elements and sliding sign.In this paper,owing to stability factors of landslide are not integrated with their correspondent stability states in the existing standard at the present,the author analyzes and determines stability evaluation standard under different stability states according to three dangerous degrees and two kinds of load combinations of normal and special conditions.Landslide stability evaluation should be carried out according to two steps of quantitative and quantitative analysis,then the evaluation results are comprehensively analysed and finally obtained the comprehensive result.The evaluation standard of landslide stability should be determined according to dangerous degrees and probability of load occurrence and combination.


An interview with Jesse Prinz, conducted at the graduate portion of the American Society for Aesthetics's eastern division meeting on March 30, 2014.


In this work, an experimental study to obtain the fatigue endurance limit for an aluminum alloy7075-T651 were carried out at stress ratio R=-1 and rotary bending tests. The fatigue tests were performed at RT and 250 °C in order to establish the S–N curve equations. The fatigue endurance limits for the alloy at different temperature conditions were calculated at 10 7 cycles from the empirical S-N curve equations. It was found that the fatigue endurance limit decrease with increasing the temperature. Also The effect of shot peening on the rotating bending fatigue behavior of 7075-T651 was studied. The fatigue strength of specimens tested at250 o C at 10 7 cycles is reduced about 12%. The fatigue strength of specimens tested at250 o C prior to (10 min.) SP at 10 7 cycles is increased by 7.2%. The roughness of the samples increases after shot peening which leads to the deterioration of the fatigue strength, because the surface of the samples become prone to nucleation of cracks. © 2014 Elixir All rights reserved ARTICLE INF O Artic le h istory: Received: 8 November 2013; Received in revised form: 20 January 2014; Accepted: 21 January 2014;


In this letter, a new method termed as new sigma point Kalman filter, is proposed for generating sigma points and weights for estimating the states of a stochastic nonlinear dynamic system. The sigma points and their corresponding weights are generated such that the points nearer to the mean (in inner product sense) have a higher probability of occurrence, and the mean vector and covariance matrix are matched exactly. Performance of the new algorithm is compared with the existing unscented Kalman filter (UKF), the cubature Kalman filter (CKF), the cubature quadrature Kalman filter (CQKF) and higher order unscented filter (HOUF) for two different problems. Comparison is done by calculating the root mean square error, relative computational time and track-loss. From simulation results, it can be concluded that the proposed algorithm performs with superior estimation accuracy when compared to the UKF, CKF, CQKF and HOUF.


We study the mathematical properties of a nonlinear fourth-order parobolic equation defined in a bounded interval Ω=(0,1).At first,the existence of nonnegative weak solutions with a non-homogeneous initial boundary value conditions in Ω=(0,1) is shown.Secondly,we prove the long-time behavior of solution to this equation with Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions and the existence of several families of Lyapunov functionals.


Costs, design complexity and manufacturing risks are creating opportunities with a rapid convergence of the traditional IC design and IC package design processes. For the goal of achieving the electrical (SI/PI) performance requirements of a complex SoC design, choices of package technology, impact of material selection, process flow optimization are critical factors with increasing challenges to overcome.
 We have undertaken a co-design methodology to optimize the IC chip layout and substrate design to streamline assembly processes while assimilating the physical and logical interactions within each design domain. We have optimized the die top-level/RDL layout & pattern, defined bump placement & structures for the current density, established electrical constraints for critical nets, applied PG supply strategy, and facilitated routings in the package thereby mitigating assembly risks.
 To streamline the design and development process, we have employed simulation tools for a thorough evaluation of electrical, mechanical and thermal performance to identify the areas of enhancing the packaging assembly processes:Cadence XtractIM and Ansys SIwave to assess current density and electrical performance on the combo of die + package.Ansys mechanical to understand the underlying assembly issues such as stress induced to die and bumps.Mentor Graphics Flotherm to evaluate the thermal performance per the different die thickness and bump stackup.
 Using simulation results as the guideline, we have defined and conducted DOEs focusing on bump structures and stackup, die thickness, substrate stackup, assembly mold processes (CUF vs MUF), die placement and configuration, and low CTE material selection to mitigate underlying assembly issues and refine the assembly recipes. We have gained a thorough understanding of dependency factors on the assembly manufacturing processes and parameters in each DOE to finetune and finalize the assembly PORs for the advanced package technology. The refined assembly recipes have delivered the robust package performance and reliability for high volume production.


I re-work Veblen's ideas to show how hierarchies of normal functions can be generated merely by iterating certain higher order gadgets. As an illustration I show that an application of a Schütte bracket can be evaluated without the need of an intricate recursion.


The new concept, i.e., fire-friendly process was proposed based on the theories and principles of green chemistry. The intimate relation between green chemistry research and fire control was discovered via the comparison of fire risk between green process and traditional process.


Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), the main abasic endonuclease in base excision repair (BER) acting on oxidative and alkylation DNA lesions, is a promising target for anticancer therapy. In nucleoli, APE1 interacts through N‐terminal lysine residues with nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1). We used a reconstitution strategy to address the impact of the NPM1‐APE1 interaction on resistance to genotoxic damage. Lysine‐mutated APE1 proteins were expressed while endogenous APE1 was silenced by siRNA to address the role of APE1 acetylation during cell response to DNA damage and a NPM1 knock‐out system to determine its role in modulating APE1 in BER pathway. We demonstrated that APE1 acetylation at lysines 27, 31, 32 and 35, enhanced by genotoxic stress, inhibited binding to NPM1 and promoted re‐localization of APE1 from nucleoli to the nucleoplasm. Interestingly, NPM1 stimulated APE1 BER activity in vivo, since cells lacking NPM1 were more sensitive to bleomycin or alkylating agents and displayed impaired DNA repair. These results highlight an unexpected role for NPM1 and the nucleolus in coordinating APE1 and BER pathways, and point to acetylation at critical lysine residues for controlling subnuclear protein trafficking during DNA repair.


ABSTRACT In this study, we present new empirical insights for monetary policy uncertainty perception in Turkey by introducing a set of new measures. We construct a news-based measure based on the frequency counts of articles in newspapers that contain specific terms related to monetary policy uncertainty and two survey-based measures based on the interest rate expectations. Using these measures, we investigate the impact of monetary policy uncertainty on economic activity using vector autoregression models. Our findings indicate that monetary policy uncertainty remained relatively high and volatile during the implementation of unconventional monetary policy. The impulse response analysis suggests that monetary policy uncertainty shocks have negative effects on economic activity in Turkey.


In JCP this month, Locke and colleagues7 publish an article that advances our understanding in this important area. In a cleverly designed study, they address whether depressive symptomatology escalates preclinically concurrent with accelerated memory decline. Using the Arizona APOE Cohort, the investigators compared cognitively and functionally normal subjects who were free of major depression at study entry. All included participants remained cognitively and functionally normal at subsequent follow-up visits. Longitudinal changes in depression measures were assessed in APOE e4 carriers as compared to noncarriers. Incident depression was estimated using accepted clinical cutoffs on depression measures and initiation of antidepressant medications. The same group of investigators previously showed that age-related cognitive decline accelerates preclinically in heterozygote and homozygote APOE e4 carriers who remain cognitively normal.8 Consequently, a similar accelerated increase in depressive symptoms would be anticipated if depression is intrinsic to the Alzheimer's disease syndrome. The 2 study groups were well balanced for most baseline characteristics. There were more Hispanic/Latino participants in the noncarrier group and, as expected, a higher percentage of reported family history of Alzheimer's disease in the APOE e4 carrier group. Adjusting the statistical models for those differences did not change the results. Longitudinal analyses of depression scale scores did not differ between the APOE e4 carriers and noncarriers. Slight increase in depressive scores was seen with age, regardless of genotype. There was also no significant difference between the groups in emergence of incident depression. These findings remained consistent using different statistical approaches and adjustments. In conclusion, the investigators found no difference in measures of depression between APOE e4 carriers and noncarriers who remained cognitively and functionally normal during the observation period. Previously, in the same cohort, the APOE e4 carriers were shown to have accelerated age-related memory decline despite not crossing the boundary to abnormal cognitive function.8 If depression is intrinsic to Alzheimer's disease, we would expect a gradual increase in depressive symptoms and incident depression even at this preclinical stage and that this change would happen in tandem with the cognitive changes. It remains possible that depressive symptomatology may accelerate later in the preclinical course or prodromal course when memory decline becomes symptomatic (MCI). Not enough participants in the Arizona APOE Cohort had Submitted: September 10, 2013; accepted September 10, 2013. Corresponding author: Anton P. Porsteinsson, MD, University of Rochester School of Medicine, 435 East Henrietta Rd, Rochester, NY 14620 (firstname.lastname@example.com).


Polymorphism within 16S and 23S rDNA of seven seedborne bacteria was determined. Fifty-one strains of the six major rice bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas avenae, P. glumae, P. fuscovaginae, P. syringae pv. syringae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. o. pv. oryzicola, and Erwinia herbicola isolated from rice seeds were examined by PCR-amplification of ribosomal DNA of the intergenic spacer region, using ribosomal primers R16-1 and R23-2R. The pseudomonads contained significant interspecies but little intraspecies polymorphism. All Korean strains were the same, however, the strains from Columbia were significantly different. X. o. pv. oryzae showed a species-specific fragment and no variation between strains. Both pathovars of X. oryzae were easily differentiated from each other based on differences in a secondary fragment. These results show that PCR-amplification using commercial primers of rDNA intergenic spacer region can provide a rapid, reliable tool for the identification of the major seedborne bacteria of rice.


Zuhron, S.S. Equivalence and Shift in English Translation from Indonesian Prepositional Phrases. A Thesis. Faculty of Letters: Translation. Graduate Program. Gunadarma University. Jakarta, April 2010 __________________________________________________________________ The aim of this research is to analyze the equivalence occurring in translating Indonesian prepositional phrases into English, analyze the shift occurring in translating Indonesian prepositional phrases, and describe the strategies used in translating Indonesian prepositional phrases into English. This study is a qualitative research, whose data are collected from an Indonesian novel and its English translation. The data are classified into two main categories; equivalence and shift, which are respectively subcategorized into formal equivalence, dynamic equivalence, unit shift and cohesion shift. The result of this thesis shows that the dynamic equivalence occurs most of the four subcategories with the percentage of 48% of the total data.


The invention relates to a method for synthesizing thionyl chloride which takes a crude thionyl chloride product as an initial point. The method is a totally closed circulating process comprising the following steps: other materials in the synthesized crude thionyl chloride product is used to react with sulfur so as to mainly produce a sulfur monochloride product; the other materials comprises sulfur monochloride, sulfur dichloride, thionyl chloride, a small amount of chlorine and sulfur dioxide; and then the sulfur monochloride product is used to synthesize thionyl chloride together with chlorine, sulfur dichloride, and a gas product from the condenser after thionyl chloride synthesis and the crude product purification process.


Human papilloma Virus (HPV) is the primary infection that causes Cervical cancer. Due to the high cost of treatment for cervical cancer, protection against HPV and Cervical cancer infection may be preferable in a scarce resource settings. In this paper, a deterministic model that incorporates protection against the infection was developed and analysed. The endemic state is shown to exist provided that the reproduction number is greater than unity. Furthermore, by the use of Routh-Hurwitz criterion and suitable Lyapunov functions, Endemic Equilibrium (EE) is shown to exist provided that the reproduction number is greater than unity. By use of a suitable Lyapunov function, the endemic state was shown to be globally asymptotically stable. The effectiveness of protection is achieved if well done hence, an increase in protection leads to low disease prevalence in a population.


In this paper, we investigate the interpretation of negated antonyms. A sentence such as Peter is not tall can be understood as meaning either that Peter is not tall tout court or that Peter is rather short (inference towards the antonym; ITA). We present the results of two experiments, in which we test two theoretical predictions. First, according to Krifka (2007), it is reasonable to expect a stronger ITA effect for positive versus negative adjectives. Second, elaborating on Krifka (2007), we expect ITA strength asymmetry to be greater for morphological antonymic pairs than for non-morphological pairs. In the first experiment, ITA strength was assessed implicitly by having participants judge the pragmatic acceptability of sentences involving a negated adjective and its antonym. In the second experiment, we collected explicit inferential judgments. The results of both experiments support the two predictions. We also discuss theoretical and methodological issues concerning the different notions of polarity.


Digital publishing originals of map is a kind of important data resource.The characteristics difference between digital publishing originals and map database have been anlyzed.It presented that the implemented method based on multi-layer architecture was a good choice in designing database system to efficiently manage digital publishing originals.The system based on that architecture has advantages of easy-to-port,extensibility and maintainability.The system components and corresponding implement method were introduced in this paper.


A chain of N identical oscillators (spring-mass-damper systems) coupled to a nonlinear oscillator (a pendulum) is studied in this work. More specifically, the interesting case of 1:2 subharmonic internal resonance between the pendulum and some kth mode of the system, when there is also an external resonance with some rth harmonic excitation, is studied. It is found that for these conditions, the first-order approximation to the response of this N+1 degree-of-freedom system is ultimately governed by a system of four first-order equations. The method of harmonic balance is used to obtain these four first-order amplitude equations. The stability of the steady-state response, their bifurcation behavior and resonant dynamics are described. These responses can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the pendulum as a vibration limiting device.


Objectives: To quantify the HIV‐1 load (measured as copies of viral RNA/ml using competitive reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction) in blood, semen and saliva and to look for relationships between the viral burden, the clinical and immunological status and antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Peripheral blood, semen and whole saliva samples were collected from 26 anti‐HIV‐1‐seropositive patients selected for a cross‐sectional study. Nine of the 26 patients provided samples of the three biological fluids for a longitudinal study. Results: HIV‐1 RNA was detected in 26 out of 26 samples of plasma, in 25 out of 26 samples of semen and in 24 out of 25 samples of saliva. The median number of HIV‐1 copies in plasma was 14 817/ml (range: 167‐254 880), in semen was 515/ml (range: 0‐196 050) and in saliva was 162/ml (range: 0‐72 080). The viral load in semen and in saliva was significantly lower than in plasma (P < 0.0001 ). The HIV‐1 RNA levels in plasma and in saliva were correlated (P < 0.05), but levels in semen were not corre‐lated with either plasma or saliva levels. The HIV‐1 copy number in plasma was significantly higher in symptomatic patients than in asymptomatic subjects (P<0.05). Plasma and saliva HIV‐1 RNA levels were higher in subjects with a CD4+ cell count < 200×106/1 than in subjects with a CD4+ cell count > 200×106/1 (P < 0.05). The HIV‐1 RNA load in either plasma, semen or saliva is not related to antiretroviral therapy. Conclusions: The absence of a correlation between plasma and semen loads suggests that semen and blood are distinct viral compartments. Viral load in semen is not related to the clinical stage of HIV infection or to the CD4+ lymphocyte count. Consequently, HIV‐1 ‐infected subjects are potentially infectious at all stages of immunodeficiency and adequate precautions must always be taken to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV.


As an important part of the social economy, stock market plays an important role in economic development, and accurate prediction of stock price is important as it can lower the risk of investment decision-making. However, the task of predicting future stock price is very difficult. This difficulty arises from stocks with nonstationary behavior and without any explicit form. In this paper, we propose a novel bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network (BiLSTM) framework called evolutionary BiLSTM (EBiLSTM) for the prediction of stock price. In the framework, three independent BiLSTMs correspond to different objective functions and act as mutation individuals, then their respective losses for evolution are calculated, and finally, the optimal objective function is identified by the minimum of loss. Since BiLSTM is effective in the prediction of time series and the evolutionary framework can get an optimal solution for multiple objectives, their combination well adapts to the nonstationary behavior of stock prices. Experiments on several stock market indexes demonstrate that EBiLSTM can achieve better prediction performance than others without the evolutionary operator.


We study some gravitational instanton solutions that offer a natural realization of the spontaneous creation of inflationary universes in the brane world context in string theory. Decoherence due to couplings of higher (perturbative) modes of the metric as well as matter fields modifies the Hartle-Hawking wavefunction for de Sitter space. Generalizing this new wavefunction to be used in string theory, we propose a principle in string theory that hopefully will lead us to the particular vacuum we live in, thus avoiding the anthropic principle. As an illustration of this idea, we give a phenomenological analysis of the probability of quantum tunneling to various stringy vacua. We find that the preferred tunneling is to an inflationary universe (like our early universe), not to a universe with a very small cosmological constant (i.e., like today's universe) and not to a 10-dimensional (or a higher dimensional supercritical) uncompactified de Sitter universe. Some solutions are interesting as they offer a cosmological mechanism for the stabilization of extra dimensions during the inflationary epoch.


The report describes the results of a study exploring the feasibility of a nonpolluting, combined chemical--electrochemical system for generating electrical power. The process entails the use of coal to reduce lead oxide to a lead in a molten carbonate medium. The lead contained in the molten carbonate is then used in a metal--air electrochemical cell to generate electrical power. To date it has been demonstrated that reduction of lead oxide by solid petroleum coke in a molten sodium--lithium--potassium carbonate eutectic is a two-step process whose overall rate is generally limited by the rate of reaction of solid carbon with CO/sub 2/. The rate of this latter reaction, in turn, is directly proportional to the external surface area of the coke. Under these conditions temperature dependence of the overall process provides an apparent activation energy of about 35 kcal/mole over the temperature range 530 to 650 C. Extrapolation of the results indicates that the feasibility of the concept will not be limited by the kinetics of PbO reduction, only by the kinetics of electrochemical lead oxidation, and indicates that the system could be capable of producing electrical power from coal at 3.4 kWh on the basis of a fuel cost ofmore » $10 per ton i.e., with an overall efficiency of 42 percent.« less


MIDCAB ( Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass) becomes the method of choice in high-risk coronary patients qualified for re-operative cardiac surgery. Through minimally invasive access, which is perform from frontal minithoracotomy, it is possible to implant a bypass with LIMA (Left Interial Mammary Artery) to LAD (Left Artery Descending) on the beating heart and avoid performing a risky resternotomy. In this article, we would like to present the results of two patients with the unstable coronary heart disease, in whom we performed minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft with good surgical outcome after previous CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) was performed.


Objective:To study the significance of clustered calcifications on mammography in the differential diagnosis of benignancy or malignancy in non-palpable breast lesions.Methods:The characteristics of clustered calcifications on mammography in 62 patients with non-palpable breast lesion was retrospectively analyzed.All were surgically and pathologically proven with guide wire placement under stereotactic mammography before operation.Results:Of the 62 cases with clustered calcifications,there were malignant lesions(20 cases) and benign lesions(42 cases).Among the malignant lesions,none of them showed Type Ⅱ calcification,there were Type Ⅲ calcification(5 cases),Type Ⅳ-calcification(10 cases) and Type Ⅴ calcification(5 cases).Of the benign lesions,there were Type Ⅱ calcification(20 cases),Type Ⅲ calcification(19 cases),Type Ⅳ-calcification(3 cases),none of them showed Type Ⅴ calcification.Of the malignant calcification,there were even density(2 cases),uneven density(18 cases);Of benign calcification,even density was showed in 35 cases,uneven density in seven cases.Significant statistical difference was existed in the morphology,concentration,evenness of density and the total number of calcification between benign and malignant lesions(P0.05).While marked significant difference was existed in the morphology and evenness of density of the calcifications(P0.01),no statistical difference was assessed in the size,density,extent and distribution of calcifications(P0.05).Conclusion:The morphology,concentration,evenness of density,and the number of calcifications showed important significance in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.


Pseudo-arclength continuation with inexact Newton linearization is a powerful technique for investigating parameter sensitivity of complex dynamical systems. For three-dimensional fluid dynamics problems the application of this technique is still challenging because of the ill-conditioned linear systems with the Jacobian that have to be solved. The indefiniteness of the matrix and the computational complexity makes direct solvers inefficient in 3D. Iterative solvers typically lack robustness at higher Reynolds numbers (when eigenvalues start crossing the imaginary axis). We present a hybrid direct/iterative solver for the Jacobian of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on structured grids. The method is based on domain decomposition, where the variables in the interior of the subdomains are eliminated using a direct method and the Schur-complement on the separators is solved using a robust iterative method. The method features a grid-independent convergence rate and does not break down at high Reynolds numbers. The structure-preserving preconditioning technique allows recursive application of the algorithm, although we only present a two-level variant here. The method is applied for the first time to a problem in cylindrical coordinates (the Taylor-Couette problem) to demonstrate its practical applicability and as a first step towards geophysical fluid dynamics applications such as ocean flows. Robustness and parallel performance are demonstrated by directly computing highly unstable steady states of this application and the lid-driven cavity problem in two and three space dimensions.


T he holy grail of molecular neuroscience is to explain how the activity of specific suites of genes within defined neuronal populations leads to adaptive behaviour. Recent analyses of the molecular genetic and neural bases of circadian timing provide a cardinal example of such genes-to-cells-to-behaviour reductionism. In doing so, the lid has been lifted on a neuroscientific 'black box' to reveal a cellular timing mechanism that has a pervasive impact on most tissues of the body and, hence, on mental and physical well-being. Circadian rhythms are those daily cycles of physiology and behaviour driven by an internal 'body' clock. They therefore continue to 'free-run' with a period of approximately (circa-) one day (dies) when an individual is experimentally isolated without time cues. Our most obvious circadian rhythm is the cycle of sleep and wakefulness, but this is complemented by a multitude of physiological rhythms many of which (epithelial cell division, hepatic detoxification and systolic blood pressure) have direct clinical relevance. In nature, these internal programmes are synchronised to each other and to the 24 hour solar cycle, enabling our physiology to adapt to the challenges and opportunities presented alternately by day and by night. In modern life, however, changing socioeconomic demands, increased longevity and associated neurodegenerative disease disrupt this fine-tuning. For example, shift workers experience increased incidence of metabolic diseases, whilst sleep disturbance is an extensive problem for the elderly and the principal cause of institutionalisation in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (Figure 1). The suprachiasmatic clock The circadian pacemaker of the brain is the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus (SCN) (Figure 2a). When isolated in vitro these bilateral clusters of ca. 10,000 neurons continue to exhibit circadian cycles of metabolism, electrical firing, neuropeptide secretion and gene expression. Circadian time is not, however, an emergent property of a neural network. Many if not all SCN cells are autonomous clocks: a remarkable localisation of neural function. The ventral core of the SCN, characterised by GABA-ergic cells that co-express vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), receives afferents principally from the retina and brain stem that synchronise the clock to light and to social cues, respectively. The retino-hypothalamic pathway is especially intriguing because it contains projections from intrinsically photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells, which employ a novel photopigment melanopsin, and depolarise in response to light. Although retinal rods and cones can contribute to circadian entrainment, they are not necessary for it. The dorsal shell of the SCN, typified by GABAergic neurons that co-express arginine vasopressin (AVP), is synchronised by the core neurons: loss of interneuronal signalling via the VPAC2 receptor for VIP (Figure 2b) desynchronises the population of clock cells. Together, VIP and AVP-ergic projections from the SCN convey circadian signals, both directly and indirectly, to hypothalamic centres, the brain stem and spinal cord to control neuroendocrine and autonomic rhythms. Of especial interest in the context of sleep regulation are connections to the sleep centres of the ventral preoptic area and the orexin/ hypocretin neurons of the medial hypothalamus. Review Article


(ProQuest:. denotes formula omitted.)Stress and stress-related health issues are major problems in modern life that compromise many aspects of physical and mental health (Glaser et al., 1985; McEwen, 1998]. Thus the goal of identifying behavioural interventions that reduce the intensity and frequency of the stress response or hasten its recovery is timely. The growing research demonstrating associations between music and emotions, health, and well-being have provided a basis for increased inclusion of music and music therapists as active partners in health care (Juslin & Sloboda, 2010; Krueger, 2011]. Music listening has been shown to be helpful to patients recovering from stress through the calming and relaxing affective states it represents and can induce (Azoulay & Loewy, 2009; Harvey, 1987; Taylor, 1997).Basic psychoacoustic properties of music, such as pitch (high or low tone of sounds], rate (fast or slow speed of sounds], loudness (loud or soft intensity of sounds], mode (major or minor key], timbre, and rhythm have been shown to be important factors in the perception and induction of positive as well as negative emotional states (Gabrielsson & Lindstrom, 2001; Gomez & Danuser, 2007; Husain, Thompson, & Schellenberg, 2002; Ilie & Thompson, 2006, 2011]. For example, listening to a classical music excerpt in a major mode can elicit feelings of pleasantness and contribute to a significant reduction of mental fatigue and stress as measured by Cortisol concentration levels (Suda, Morimoto, Obata, Koizumi & Maki, 2008].Representations of negative mood and arousal communicated through music have also been found to elicit physiological responses, supporting the behavioural evidence of the relationship between musical structure and affect, both perceived and experienced (Goldstein, 1980; Krumhansl, 1997; Panksepp, 1995]. Fast, staccato music can induce anxiety-like experiences, such as faster breathing and an increased heart rate (Etzel et al., 2006; Gomez & Danusher, 2007; Haas, Distenfeld, & Axen, 1986]. Given this relationship between music and affect, Pelletier (2004] suggested that one of music's functions in life may be to help facilitate the body's process of achieving sympathetic-parasympathetic stability. However, this process may be quite complex and not necessarily linear (McEwen, 2008]. Much research has examined the psychological, physiological, social, and genetic factors that contribute to individual differences in the frequency and intensity of stress responses to psychological challenges (Dickerson & Kemeny, 2004; Kudielka, Hellhammer, & Wust, 2009].In contrast, there is a small but growing body of interdisciplinary work that has examined what factors and conditions contribute to stress recovery (e.g., Roy, Kirschbaum, & Steptoe, 2001]. It is accepted that music listening has an anxiolytic effect on symptoms of acute stress (Pelletier, 2004]. For example, Hamel (2001] found that 20 minutes of passive music listening was effective in reducing symptoms of acute stress as measured by systolic blood pressure and heart rate in a group of 101 patients waiting for cardiac catheterization, compared to a similar group of patients not exposed to the music intervention.Unknown, however, is whether the playing of music would have similar effects on the stress system. This question has generally been challenging to address since performance anxiety, as measured by behavioural and physiological responses, could be confounded with more beneficial performance states (Steptoe, 2001]. Studies involving trained musicians have established that music performance may result in a pleasant experience-even elation; however, it may also lead to performance anxiety due to a state of motor readiness while already in a state of high tension and anxiety, which can interfere with control of fine motor skills and coordination (Persson, 2001; Yoshie, Kudo, Murakoshi & Ohtsuki, 2009]. …


Cylindrical shells are often used in industry and there are many applications in which it is desired to reduce the sound radiated from the vibrating structure. At low frequencies, active structural acoustic control (ASAC) is able to offer solutions for this purpose. The technique of using the weighted sum of spatial gradients (WSSG) as a control metric has been developed previously for cylindrical shells as well as for flat structures. This metric has been demonstrated to be correlated with the radiated sound power and is therefore effective in attenuating the radiated sound. The method has also been shown to be robust with respect to the error sensor location. This paper will discuss the experimental implementation of WSSG on cylindrical shells and show experimental control results that have been obtained. The effectiveness of the method has been investigated by comparing the attenuation of the radiated sound power that is achieved both in the numerical model and the experimental results. The radiated so...


The invention relates to an extrusion type smoke control tobacco pipe which comprises a sleeve, an outer ring and a cigarette holder, wherein the sleeve part is composed of a sleeve port, a sleeve inner chamber skew wall, a sleeve inner chamber, a sleeve outer wall and a sleeve external screw thread; the interior of the outer ring comprises an outer sleeve inner screw thread which is meshed with the sleeve external screw thread; and the cigarette holder comprises a cigarette holder rubber ring, a cigarette holder outer screw thread, a cigarette holder front chamber, a cigarette outer wall, a cigarette holder rear chamber and a cigarette holder rubber ring opening. The harm of smoking to human bodies is reduced effectively, and simultaneously the dependence of smokers on cigarettes can be reduced gradually, and smoking cession is realized gradually.


God kṛṣṇa is the most important God in Hindu religion. He is the God of love. He possessed supreme quality and he is the origin of all wealth. Kṛṣṇa had limitless power which is existed from his birth. He is known as pārthasārthī because he acted as the charioteer of Arjuna during mahābhārata war. Śrīkṛṣṇa played with gopikās which is famous as Rāsalīlā. The Bhāgavatpurāṇa describes that līlā and the mental agony gopikās in the absence of kṛṣṇa very beautifully. The mental agony of gopikās described in the tenth Skanda of Bhāgavad mahāpurāṇa. The primary focus of Bhāgavat mahāpurāṇa is bhakti and that bhakti is towards kṛṣṇa. The nectar or rasa which finds in this purāṇa, that is not seen in another text of Indian literature.


In this letter, I explain an error which was identified to me in my use of the equation vn=env0 in the first method of measuring the coefficient of restitution of two colliding Newton's cradle balls. In fact, for this particular scenario, the correct equation is shown to be vn=(1+e2)nv0. However, it is further shown that, in this case, the resulting error is small and the thesis of the paper remains valid.


Until now, testing for resistance to FHB in cereals has been expensive and affected by differences in environmental conditions. Rapid screening methods are needed. Recently it was discovered that in wheat good extrusion of anthers (AE) is associated with high resistance to FHB. In one genetic study a fan-shaped pattern was found: The variation and level of FHB/DON was reduced when AE increased. In order to verify these results, 69 varieties of winter wheat from Germany and Scandinavia and 136 varieties of spring wheat from GRAMINOR breeding in Norway were tested for AE and resistance to FHB and DON. The fan-shaped distribution was found also here. Accordingly, AE is recommended as a new and inexpensive screening method for low FHB. When sufficient moisture is available in the period before flowering and wind do not remove anthers, field selection for AE could be made, in other cases greenhouse selection is recommended.


The paper describes a model for the optimal management of periodic deliveries of a given commodity. The goal is to schedule the deliveries according to feasible combinations of delivery days and to determine the scheduling and routing policies of the vehicles in order to minimize over the planning horizon the maximum number of vehicles simultaneously employed, i.e., the fleet size. Heuristic algorithms are proposed and computational experience is reported.


C2H4N402, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 4.451 (4), b = 9.520 (6), c = 6.340 (5)/k, fl = l15.76(6)°,Z=E, dm= l'59(1),dx= 1.59Mgm -3. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to R = 0.043. The azo group has an E configuration (trans) and the oximino groups are both E (syn-H).


Antimicrobial agents are general nomenclature for all drugs or chemical substances that act on microorganisms either to kill or suppress their growth. Antimicrobial agents with selective toxicity are especially useful as chemotherapeutic agents in treating infectious diseases (Prescott et al., 2008). They can exert their effect on microorganisms in any of the following ways; protein synthesis inhibition, inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis (Kimball and Jefferson, 2006). The preservative activities of these microorganisms are due to their ability to produce a variety of antimicrobial substances as a natural competitive means to overcome other microorganisms sharing the same niche (Olivera et al., 2000). Cocoa belongs to the family Malvaceae esterculiacea. It is a International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 07 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


A blockchain architecture and solution is proposed to audit processing under exchange regulation for trading activity of exchanges. A particular focus is made on dark pools and periodic auctions. An architecture of the solution is described conceptually and an implementation of the proposed solution is made in .NET framework in C# via a RESTful API for chain interaction with the periodic auction venue. The framework proof of concept is tested for different efficiency and latency considerations. This opens the concept to significantly more detailed and extensive developments.


Cytochrome P450 enzymes including CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 are important for antidepressant metabolism and polymorphisms of these genes have been determined to predict metabolite levels. Nonetheless, more evidence is needed to understand the impact of genetic variations on antidepressant response. In this study, individual data from 13 clinical studies of European and East Asian ancestry populations were collected. The antidepressant response was clinically assessed as remission and percentage improvement. Imputed genotype was used to translate genetic polymorphisms to four metabolic phenotypes (poor, intermediate, normal, and ultrarapid) of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6. The association of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 metabolic phenotypes with treatment response was examined using normal metabolizers as the reference. Among 5843 depression patients, a higher remission rate was found in CYP2C19 poor metabolizers compared to normal metabolizers at nominal significance (OR = 1.46, 95% CI [1.03, 2.06], p = 0.033) but did not survive after multiple testing correction. No metabolic phenotype was associated with percentage improvement from baseline. After stratifying by antidepressants primarily metabolized by CYP2C19 and CYP2D6, no association was found between metabolic phenotypes and antidepressant response. Metabolic phenotypes showed differences in frequency, but not effect, between European and East Asian studies. In conclusion, metabolic phenotypes imputed from genetic variants were not associated with antidepressant response. CYP2C19 poor metabolizers could potentially contribute to antidepressant efficacy with more evidence needed. Information including side effects, antidepressant dosage, as well as population from different ancestries could be involved to fully capture the influence of metabolic phenotypes and improve the power of effect assessment.


The detection and analysis of chatter marks in nanometer scale, using an angle resolved scattered light sensor, is discussed in this paper. After explaining the fundamental principles of scattered light sensors, a transfer function is obtained which yields the limit of wavelength that can be detected. Afterwards two methods of detecting chatter marks are highlighted: the Gabor transform and the usage of a filter bank.


The output current of PWM inverters may contain low-frequency harmonics due to nonidealities, such as fluctuating dc voltage and dead-time. Low-frequency harmonics are detrimental to the inverter's current controller performance as well as its operation. They increase losses, cause synchronization problems in a grid-connected inverter, and cause torque pulsations in motors. Reducing low-frequency harmonics through conventional means require a big and expensive filter. In this article, a method to reduce low-frequency current harmonics is proposed. This method uses a virtual impedance, which is a controller block that mimics the behavior of a real impedance. Because it is virtual, it does not have physical drawbacks to the system, such as volume, weight, and losses. It can be designed only to affect the disturbance signals and to assume characteristics unlike a real impedance. It can also be added as a plug-in block to an already existing controller, saving a significant amount of design effort. Simulation and experimental results show a decrease of current THD to almost 1/3 of the original THD when no virtual impedance is used, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The research is aimed at finding solutions for better operational management of geographically distributed companies. We offer a management solution based on innovation knowledge of distributed cognitive resources (DCR) regardless of their geographical location. Then we describe a corporal structure model adjusted to DCR, a model of a management problem and management synthesis algorithm invariant to the number of management objects. We also suggest a management structure implementing the designed models and algorithms on the basis of multi-agent system.


Abstract Background and aim Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can effectively reduce cancer-associated mortality. In Germany, individuals over the age of 50 or 55 have access to CRC screening services. However, utilization rates are persistently low, particular in the male population. This observational study investigates the effect of standard versus gender-specific invitation letters on utilization of CRC screening services. Methods We analyzed utilization rates of individuals who were insured by a large health insurance fund in Bavaria, Germany. Persons who became eligible for CRC screening received a standard (2013–2014) or a gender-specific invitation letter (2015–2016). We compared utilization rates within 6 months after receipt of the invitation letter using billing codes of the health insurance fund. Results Invitation letters were sent to 49 535 individuals, of which 48.8 % were gender-specific. The overall utilization rate did not differ between recipients of the standard versus gender-specific invitation letter (11.6 % vs 11.1 %; RR: 0.97 [0.92–1.02], p = 0.19). However, uptake of screening colonoscopy was significantly higher among recipients of gender-specific invitations (2.9 % vs 3.5 %; RR: 1.21 [1.04–1.39], p = 0.01), whereas utilization of fecal occult blood tests declined (10.4 % vs 9.7 %; RR: 0.93 [0.88–0.99], p = 0.016). Conclusions Gender-specific design of invitation letters can modify the patients' preference for specific CRC screening services and increase the acceptance of screening colonoscopy.


This paper assesses UK innovation policy impact on a large, population weighted, sample of both service and manufacturing SMEs. By focussing on self-reported innovation the study achieves a wider coverage of the effects of SME innovation policy than possible with more traditional indicators. Propensity score matching indicates that SMEs receiving UK state support for innovation were more likely to innovate than unsupported comparable enterprises. Innovating enterprises are shown to have grown significantly faster over the years 2002-4 when other growth influences are appropriately controlled. Combining these two results and comparing the outlays on SME innovation policy with the estimated effects suggests that policy was efficient as well as effective. There is evidence that SME tax credits were expensive compared with earlier support instruments. But the overall high returns estimated suggest that, even in times of public spending cuts, persisting with SME innovation policy would be prudent.


An online messaging application receives content that describes a conversation conducted via the online messaging application between a user and a business entity having a presence on the online messaging application. Features are extracted from the content and a transaction prediction model is applied to predict a likelihood that the conversation describes a transaction between the user and the business entity. Based on the predicted likelihood that a transaction has occurred, content items are identified for presentation to the user.


Abstract Chromatic variability of tepals in species of Crocus L. of South-eastern Alps.—The anthocyanidins causing the color of tepals of some species of Crocus L. in the Italian South-eastern Alps were determined and characterized. The genus Crocus of this region is represented by four entities: C. napolitanus Mord. & Loisel., C. albiflorus Kit. ex Schult., C. reticulatus Stev. ex Adam. and C. weldenii Hoppe ex Baker. The distribution of anthocyanidins in the four entities confirms the existence of a systematic distance among the species belonging to Reticulati and the species belonging to Anulati. Two anthocyanidins, i.e. delphynidin and petunidin, which are always present in other entities, have not been found in C. weldenii; this species is characterized by the only presence of malvidine. The anthocyanidins assume therefore in this case a chemotaxonomic meaning.


The strength of the VACES system is its ability to enrich the sample, which allows for additional chemical analysis which is problematic in case of typically used CCN counters. However, based on the results presented I have some reservations how well it actually works. Although this is more like an introductory manuscript intended to demonstrate that VACES has some potential to operate as CCN counter, I would still like to see more evidence. Now the results are presented only for NaCl, which is a natural choice as it is well characterized material, but results with other particle types with lower hygroscopicity would be needed also. Based on the presented data it is


Title: Potential application of pomegranate seed oil oleogels based on monoglycerides, beeswax and propolis wax as partial substitutes of palm oil in functional chocolate spread


Judicious use of topical corticosteroids for their non-specific anti-inflammatory effect is central to the management of eczema, whatever its cause. Their effect is suppressive and if the cause of the eczema continues to operate over an indefinite period, topical therapy will have to be prolonged, bringing in its wake the now well-known hazards of such treatment. The prescriber must choose his steroid and also the appropriate vehicle (ointment, cream, gel, or lotion). He should be guided by the intensity of the inflammation, its likely duration, and its site in choosing the steroid-and by the physical nature of the eczematous surface in selecting the vehicle. These points were discussed in detail by Dr. J. H. Hunter in the second article in this series (British Medical Journal, 17 November, p. 411)


The reagent (S)-5-methoxy-2-[[(4-methoxy-3, 5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyle-methyle] sulfinyle]-1H-benzimidazole gives greenish yellow coloration with V (V) as well as Co (II) in basic medium. This observation is used for the simultaneous determination of both the metal ions using Zero and second order derivative spectrophotometry. Optimum conditions were established for this determination. Job's and mole-ratio methods are used for the determination of composition of the metal complexes. Determination of the metal ions was carried out in BAS alloys, and NTP ball bearings.


Owing to the power limitation of a single device, much more attentions are focused on developing high power microwave (HPM) oscillators that can be phase-locked to the external signal in the recent HPM researches. Although the phase-locking is proved to be feasible in the conventional devices (such as magnetrons), challenges still exist in the HPM devices due to beam-loaded effects, which are more obvious in HPM devices because of its high current and the low Q-factor of the device. A simple structured HPM oscillator (Bitron) is introduced to study such effects on the phase-locking in the HPM oscillator. The self-consistent analysis is carried out to study such effects together with particle in cell simulations. Then the modified Adler equation is established for the phase-locking HPM oscillator. Finally, conditions for the phase-locking in the HPM oscillator are given.


Thorp & Company, a full-service public relations and marketing communications firm in Coral Gables, Fla., is handling media relations for the 2007 Miami International Boat Show & Strictly Sail. Since 1997, Thorp & Company has successfully placed stories about the show's exhibitors and their products in national and international print and broadcast media.


In this review of Australian Odontoceridae, we revise details of the two established species in the endemic genus Barynema Banks – B. costatum Banks and B. australicum Mosely – and describe six new congeners: B. paradoxum sp. nov., B. lorien sp. nov., B. lobatum sp. nov., B. dilatum sp. nov., B. dolabratum sp. nov. and B. goomburra sp. nov. For the only other odontocerid genus recorded for Australia, Marilia Müller, we discuss the present status of the three described species – M. bola Mosely, M. aenigmata Neboiss and M. fusca Kimmins – and outline our efforts and those of others to resolve problems of species delimitation based on morphology. We select a new replacement name for Marilia fusca and provide brief notes on the larvae of both genera.


Eye safety requirements in diffuse infrared (IR) indoor links impose an upper limit on average transmitter optical power. This paper discusses analytical trade-offs on the receiver time constant in order to meet the allowable exposure limit (AEL) and to ensure minimum power consumption in battery operated portables.


Mi muy querida Concha, mi negrita linda, mi querida negrita, negrita de mi corazon, mi negrita de papa, estimada Concha de mi corazon, lo que mas se quiere, mi negrita linda y buena, estimada negrita de mi vida, la unica...This is a small sample of the many terms of endearment with which Jesus Colon opened his letters to his beloved Concha, not only when he first arrived in New York alone, at seventeen years of age, in 1918, but for seven years, till she arrived in 1925 and they were married, and then for many years after when she was away in Puerto Rico during their thirty-two years of marriage.1 These are terms filled with affection and steeped in Puerto Rican cultural traditions that remain firmly entrenched even after more than thirty years of married life in New York City, active political work as socialists and organizers, and extensive transmigration for Concha, and a more limited transmigration for Jesus.2 These letters, when I first read them in the archives at Hunter's Centro de Estudios Puertorriquenos, echoed my uncle, Tio Fin, telling stories about my aunt, his beloved Vina, la negrita de su corazon. The letters ground the historical in the personal and illuminate a space, in between the hyperbolic paternalism of machismo and the exaggerated Latin lover of Hollywood lore, where an actual Puerto Rican man in love might be found expressing tenderness, commitment to family, loyalty and the struggles faced being away from love, home, language and culture. It is the deeply spiritual act of communion forged in private letters, and rarely captured for public consumption, that is on display when Jesus writes to Concha. In writing about Jesus Colon, Jose M. Irizarry Rodriguez quotes Cornell West explaining the connection between love and political resistance, "Self-love and love of others are both modes toward increasing self-valuation and encouraging political resistance." Irizarry Rodriguez goes on to explain the early Puerto Rican literary tradition in terms of "their texts focus on generating a sense of agency and increasing self-valuation and encouraging political resistance in one's community" (2008, 32). It is this self-love, and the love of the beloved, that emerges from the letters between Jesus y Concha. Over time, this becomes a shared love for their community, a foundation for their political agency and the motivation for sharing that love with others through community building and writing. Jesus Colon began to articulate a love for his identity as a self-described Black Puerto Rican precisely when it was under direct fire, in his early years in New York where he was facing discrimination and poverty. His letters of love and devotion to Concha were his ongoing self-valuation project, the plight of every lover fighting to maintain his love from a distance, and through them Jesus embodied his desire to be a writer before ever publishing a word. The letters also indicate a direct impact on his writing in both form and content.In turn Concha's letters to Jesus, though far fewer in number, also offer an intriguing, if limited, view of the voice of a Puerto Rican woman moving not only from the Island to New York, but from a traditional role to a more modern one.3 In some letters she calms and soothes him, but she can often be found challenging him. Ultimately, the letters reveal a love story that grows vast enough to embrace a growing love for New York City and the struggle for dignity for all workers, a devotion to Puerto Rico and the fight for independence, and a commitment to the new "colony" of Puerto Ricans facing so many struggles abroad. Examining the love letters of a political activist and writer from the earliest migrations of Puerto Ricans to New York offers access to the foundational role of love in bringing social change and offering hope. It is in this light we can consider that Alice Walker entitled her memoir about her life as a social activist, Anything We Love Can Be Saved (1997). I examine the specific alchemy of love and self-expression in Jesus Colon's letters to Concha as a means of understanding the pivotal role of love in his coming of age as both a writer and an activist. …


This study examined the preliminary training that has occurred and will occur in the future, as well as the perceptions of cataloging department heads toward RDA (Resource Description and Access) in American academic libraries. Previous research indicates that the successful adoption of new cataloging rules relies on the strength and elements included in the training offered to and required of individuals in the library cataloging community. This study found that many of the essential components for RDA training have been included in preliminary training. Now that a decision has been made by the Library of Congress, this study identified room for improvement in some areas of RDA training prior to adoption.


Objective To explore the CT diagnosis and the efficacy of interventional treatment in cancer of the liver.Methods 78 cases of liver cancer were diagnosed by multi-slice spiral CT scans,choice proper methods to treat,all the patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months,the treatment effect were observed.Results The focal and adjacent organs were displayed details by CT scans for all patients,different pathological images with typicality,there were no statistical differences for the success rates between surgical treatment and intervention treatment(P 0.05).Conclusions It is an important auxiliary means to diagnosis of liver cancer by multi-slice spiral CT scans,which have clear and accuracy image,interventions treatment were low cost and safety with small wound,it has great value of clinical application.


In this paper, using nonlinear state feedback, a novel general formula is proposed for the problem of Hopf bifurcation system control. This method does not increase dimensions of the system and keeps equilibria of the original system unchanged. The Rössler system is used as an example to illustrative the application of the method. Using Hurwitz criterion, the constraints of the parametric controller are derived. The idea of cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) is employed to compute the constraints to find the parameter ranges of the designed controller, and the controller can be designed to stabilize the system using any feasible control parameters in the ranges. The designed controller not only can stabilize two non-symmetric equilibria but also can keep the Hopf bifurcations at the equilibria of the Rössler system. Computer simulation results are presented to demonstrate the theoretical results.


The invention discloses a mango milk and a preparation method thereof. The mango milk is a neutral juice liquid milk product and comprises the following raw materials in 100 parts by weight: 35-80 parts of liquid milk material, 3.5-8.0 parts of sweet substance, 0.01-0.46 parts of emulsifier, 0.015-3.6 parts of thickener and 5-50 parts of mango pulp. By adopting the preparation method of the mango milk, the defect that the mango juice is easily solidified and layered, and not easy to store after being added to the neutral milk is solved, so that the nutrients of the milk are fully fused with delicious pure fruit juice, a new variety is added to the diary market, and a blank at home and abroad is filled.


A simple form of treatment involving the administration of insulin subcutaneously, with glucose and potassium orally, has been shown, in a statistically controlled sequential trial, to lower the mortality in patients admitted to hospital after myocardial infarction (Mittra, 1965).