Introduction: Sepsis refers to a set of systemic inflammatory responses to infection that cause harmful effects on the human body. Myoglobin can be used as a beneficial marker in determining the status of patients with sepsis. This study aims to investigate the changes in myoglobin and its effect on the severity and outcome of sepsis in the hospital. Methods: In this study, patients were divided into three groups: sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Data about their age, gender, myoglobin level in 4 different times (entrance time, 6, 12 and 24 hours later) and sofa index was obtained and compared. Blood culture was taken for all patients and results were evaluated for gram-positive or gram-negative. Results: The patients of the three groups were not significantly different in terms of age (P=0.59) and heart rate (P=0.18). While in terms of myoglobin, there was a significant difference in every 4 times (P=0.00), hospital days (P=0.01), fever (P=0.00), and SOFA (P=0.00) so that with increasing sepsis severity, this Variables rate increased. There is no significant difference in the gender distribution ratio between groups (P>0.05). The highest rate of involvement in each group of patients is related to the respiratory tract. The outcome of patients (survival/death) in different groups is significantly different (P=0.00). A higher percentage of the cultures was gram-negative and the frequency of cultures was not significantly different between different groups. (P-value=0.86). Conclusion: The level of myoglobin measured in patients had an increasing trend. Elevated myoglobin levels were also significantly associated with sepsis and mortality.


As an important aspect of teaching reform, classroom teaching is main resource of students study. As far as the means of teaching is concerned, multi-media technologies are an important variable in that it is good for a pleasant communication environment creation in English, development of students' thinking ability to put various knowledge together and improve students learning efficiency.


Abstract : Candidate adhesives for Army applications can include nontraditional chemistries, which have largely unknown mechanical and durability properties as rigorously required for engineering design criteria. It is anticipated that a potential Army-motivated adhesive requirements standard would result in a candidate qualification pool of significantly greater numbers than well-established aviation counterparts. The Materials Selection and Analysis Tool (MSAT) database platform is currently being developed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) with guidance from NASA for capturing testing results. It is critical to document the adhesive response information without any prejudice, as models are currently not sufficiently well developed to describe the range of adhesive behaviors encountered for Army conditions. Therefore, our goal is to capture the entire experimental response curve, supportive pedigree information, and experimental descriptors, which will augment further data analysis. Increased research efficiency and improved data consistency are two significant drivers for automating mechanical testing/reporting protocols. The workflow scheme used here transfers and converts relevant load versus displacement raw data directly to MSAT as a verifiable digital asset. A separate analysis protocol is used to further reduce the data into defined and searchable metrics. Discovery protocols for culling the multifaceted data housed within MSAT to provide correlations between quasi-static adhesive performance and empirically observed response at high loading rates will eventually be developed.


Under the Rule of Japanese Puppet Regime,elementary and secondary schooling in Beiping were destroyed seriously: the quantity of the schools,secondary or elementary,was descendant day after day;the educational system,the institution of Certificate of Education and coeducation,which guided the trend of the times,were abolished disastrously;the flourishing compulsory primary schooling was kept within limits;the thriving private primary schools were also beaten fatally;the curriculum,the contents about patriotism,Anti-Japanese,supporting the Sun Yat-sen in the original schoolbook were all deleted. Furthermore,Japanese was greatly valued,of which the proportion increased gradually and even was list in the required course of the elementary school.Meanwhile,the status of the Japanese teachers was ascended unprecedentedly.During this period,Japanese Puppet inspired the thought about backward,anti-Communist into the vast teachers and students,by which they tried in vain to establish the common belief in the plan of "The order in East Asia" and control the minds of the vast teachers and students.


There is an increasing incidence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms isolated from food and food products. Coupled with that rising incidence is increased media scrutiny and coverage of outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. Consequently, consumers increasingly demand safer food, and that the antimicrobial measures used be other than antimicrobial drugs. A possible solution is to use bacteriophages, or the purified holin and endolysin proteins that make them lethal and lytic, as antimicrobial food treatments or additives. The bacteriophage Felix O1 is a promising candidate for development as an anti-Salmonella food treatment. This dissertation describes the work done to determine if these proteins could be of value as bioremedial agents. Endolysin treatments of Gram negative bacteria require two agents: the lytic endolysin, and a second agent to permeabilize the outer membrane of the bacterium. The holin protein was proposed as an outer membrane permeabilization agent. Methods used to locate the holin gene included BLAST analysis, analysis of putative Felix O1 proteins for transmembrane domains, and examination of the lysin sequence for an N-terminal signal sequence. Analyses did not reveal a promising candidate. Cloning of rIIA as a potential holin was attempted without success. Results of various analyses are discussed, as are chemical alternatives to the use of purified holin as a permeabilization agent.


Consolidation in the U.S. pork industry continues to reduce the number of operations, while increasing the demand for hired labor. This paper explores how wages have evolved over time by decomposing the increase in wages into a change in the level of wages, human capital, and returns to human capital.


At present,affected by the global financial crisis,the situation of college graduates employment is even more severe,the employment pressure is increased,the employment of medical students is also facing the same difficulties.In order to solve the difficult employment status of medical students,we must pay attention to train the medical students' comprehensive capacity,guide students establish objective of employment,expand employment channels,and establish and improve employment service systom for medical students.


Background: This study aimed to assess knowledge of standard precautions (SPs) and infection control by healthcare workers (HCWs) at the primary healthcare level in Buraidah City, Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross sectional study enrolled HCWs (doctors, nurses, lab workers) from 20 primary healthcare (PHC) centers in Buraidah. Two-hundred participants were selected randomly to participate in this study. Data was collected by a pretested, self-administered questionnaire, containing 29 items about basic knowledge of components of SPs and infection control including hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, sharps disposal, environmental sanitation and care of healthcare providers. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS. Results: The mean age of HCWs was 35.7 (SD±6.6) years. Females represented (51.5%) of the study participants. History of receiving formal training in standard infection control precaution in the last three years was mentioned by almost two-thirds (68.5%) of them. About 102 (51.0%) of the HCWs had adequate level of knowledge (>5 correct answers) regarding standard precautions(SPs) of infection control. The younger (p=0.020), non-Saudi healthcare workers (p<0.001), physicians (p<0.001); particularly consultants (p=0.018), were more knowledgeable than their counterparts. The barriers of improper use of PPEs reported by HCWs were uncomfortable (61.5%), some patients feel stigmatized when PPEs are used (60.5%), shortage in items at PHCC (54%) and workload due to patients' over-crowding (49%). Conclusion: Generally the study finding revealed adequate knowledge of SPs among the study participants. However, inadequate knowledge particularly concerning the disposal of sharp instruments and hand hygiene were also detected. These findings highlighted the necessity of the provision of a comprehensive training program to ensure compliance with infection control measures by HCWs. Key words: knowledge, practice, infection standard precautions, primary health care


Summary From a naturally infected wild cottontail rabbit, S. floridanus, trapped in Virginia, an organism identified as R. rickettsii has been recovered and characterized. The role of cottontail rabbits and certain other native wild mammals in the ecology of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is discussed briefly in the light of this and other related findings.


Our aim in this paper is to make a complete break from the theoretical framework in which the transition from hunting and gathering to herding or cultivation is conceived as an evolutionary progression from one distinct ype of society to another. Instead we explore the usefulness of treating hunting and gathering, herding, and cultivation as alternative strategies which are, singly or in combination, appropriate to particular social or natural environments. We consider the ranking of foods in huntergatherer diets in terms of the return they offer for energy invested in procuring them and ask which of these foods come to predominate in the diet of cultivators or herders. We consider cases of symbiosis between hunter-gatherers and others and cases of mixed economies and of reversion to hunting and gathering by people who previously practised herding or cultivation. We conclude that population growth is unlikely of itself to provide an adequate explanation for the transition away from hunting and gathering. Rather it appears likely that the cause lies in changes in the availability of certain foods brought about by social or natural modification of the hunter-gatherers' environment.


Counties across the United States are struggling to find solutions that decrease the costs of voting while increasing voter turnout across varying demographics. In particular, because of transportation and information costs, voting is costly for low-income citizens. Ada County, Idaho attempted to mitigate these costs through introducing a mobile voting unit. This mobile voting unit is used during early voting periods and targets precincts that do not have a permanent voting location. Using voter registration data from 2006 to 2020, I attempt to identify a treatment effect of the mobile voting unit on voter turnout in general elections. My paper is the first to explore the relationship between this new method of voting and voter turnout. With a synthetic control model of Idaho donor counties, I find that there are no notable effects of the mobile voting unit on the overall voter turnout, or the turnout of demographic subgroups, including political party, age, gender, or income level. Finding no effect is important, especially for counties that are spending large sums of resources to increase voter turnout. Thus, my results could inform county-level policymakers on possible solutions to make the mobile voting unit more effective at increasing voter turnout in general elections.


If form is function, Terry Lechler thinks scientists should know more about how cells acquire their form. That's one reason he studies the cytoskeleton.


In this study, the convergent-divergent (CD) and straight (ST) duct sprays were conducted for comparison with free spray to investigate the diesel macroscopic spray characteristics and mixing process. The schlieren visualization system with a high-speed camera was performed with a 0.22 mm single-hole heavy-duty diesel injector. The injection pressure varied from 120 via 140 to 160 MPa, with the ambient pressure being set at 40 bar. The experimental result showed that CD and ST duct spray had much higher spray tip velocity compared to free spray during the early spray stage. CD duct spray presented a more dispersed and more distributed spray morphology along with larger-scale flow vortexes and gas entrainments, indicating the promoted fuel-air mixing process. Large-eddy simulations (LES) were conducted to analyze the pumping effect, the local separation of the boundary layer, and the air entrainment of different sprays. Compared with free spray, a much stronger pumping effect was generated for ST duct spray followed by CD duct spray; Less flow interaction with the spray body inside the ST duct, retaining more energy for spray development; A much stronger flow interaction was noted as the external gas was sucked into the expanding section of the CD duct, produce the local air vortexes in the narrow inner wall space of the CD duct, leading to the promoted spray diffusion and development with a wider spray cone angle. These phenomena from CD duct spray were beneficial for achieving a more sufficient fuel-air mixing process.


THE PRESS BOX SEAL INCLUDES 22, 24, 26, A SET OF SEAL 44, 46 movable in the CASE BETWEEN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR POSITIONS, AND REQUESTING THE SEAL MEANS TOGETHER IN OPEN POSITION TO RECEIVE 80. PAPER LEVER 28 IS BOUND TO SWING SO housing and movable BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW POSITION. FIRST MEANS MAKING IS EXPECTED BETWEEN THE LEVER AND ALL SEAL WHEN THESE ARE RESPECTIVELY IN THEIR POSITIONS AND HIGH ART, THE LEVER IS SUPPORTED BY THE SEAL ASSEMBLY IN THESE POSITIONS TO ALLOW THE OPERATION OF THE LEVER FOR CLOSE ALL SEAL AND EMBOSSING PAPER. SECONDS OF MEANS MAKING ARE EXPECTED ALSO BETWEEN THE LEVER AND ALL SEAL RESPECTIVELY IN THEIR POSITIONS AND LOWER REAR FOR STORAGE OF PRESS SEAL.


Cases of rhinitis can be divided into allergic and non-allergic and salient features from the history usually enable your patient to be assigned to one of these two categories. Allergic rhinitis is suspected when there is family history of atopic illnesses or when a child with rhinitis has co-existent asthma or atopic dermatitis. Seasonality of symptoms, provocation of symptoms by exposure to aeroallergens (such as cat dander or house dust mite) and associated symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis all suggest an allergic basis for rhinitis. Physical Examination


Tibetan architecture wrote immortal chapter in the world the Chinese architectural history, Potala Palace was listed in the world cultural heritage list. Tibetan Architecture in the history of World Architecture and wrote the immortal chapter, Potala Palace was inscribed on the world heritage list. Potala Palace's annual tourist capacity is also facing enormous increment, the protection of cultural relics and open utilization in the continuous emergence of new problems and contradictions. This paper studies the use of virtual reality technology and 3D animation technology in virtual roaming system of Potala Palace.


Complete open Riemannian manifolds (Mn, g) with nonnegative sectional curvature are well understood. The basic results are Toponogov's Splitting Theorem and the Soul Theorem [CG1]. The Splitting Theorem has been extended to manifolds of nonnegative Ricci curvature [CG2]. On the other hand, the Soul Theorem does not extend even topologically, according to recent examples in [GM2]. A different method to construct manifolds which carry a metric with Ric > 0, but no metric with nonnegative sectional curvature, has been given by L. Berard Bergery [BB]. This leads to the question (cf. also [Y1]): Is there any finiteness result for complete Riemannian manifolds with Ric > 0 ? The answer is certainly affirmative in the low-dimensional special cases n = 2, where all notions of curvature coincide, and n = 3, where nonnegative Ricci curvature has been studied by means of stable minimal surfaces [MSY, SY]. On the other hand, J. P. Sha and D. G. Yang [ShY] have constructed complete manifolds with strictly positive Ricci curvature in higher dimensions. For example they can choose the underlying space to be R4 x S3 with infinitely many copies of S3 x CP 2 attached to it by surgery; cf. also [ShY 1]. It is therefore clear that any finiteness result for arbitrary dimensions requires additional assumptions. The purpose of this paper is to establish the following main result.


Objectives To study cytoskeleton of cultured cells from adult Schistosoma japonicum .Methods The cells were inoculated on small glass coverslips and cultured with RPMI-1640 contained 20% calf serum.The coverslips with the cells were moved out for being used for observing cytoskeleton by Coomassie blue staining and Rhodamin-Phalloidin fluorescence staining.Results By Coomassie blue staining,cytoskeleton of cultured cells was revealed that it was correspondingly uniform and tight network-like structure in the cytoplasm ,so was cytoskeleton of cultured cells treated by (NH 4) 2SO 4. There were even fluorescence dots in the cells by Rhodamin-Phalloidin fluorescence staining. Conclusion Cytoskeleton of cultured cells from adult S. japonicum appeared tight network-like structure,absent of thick microfilament bundles and was prinicipally constituted by intermediate filaments.


(84%), TSP1 (68%), CRBP1 (67%), p16 INK4a (64%), p14 ARF (59%), MGMT (52%), RARb2 (50%), TIMP3 (44%), TIMP2 (42%), p15 INK4b (40%), p73 (28%), hMLH1 (12%), RB1 (8%) and GSTP1 (8%). Promoter methylation of p14 ARF , p16 INK4a and MGMT was correlated with loss of expression by immunohistochemical staining. The methylation of many of these genes in PCNSL is similar to that reported in other high-grade B-cell lymphomas. All 25 cases of PCNSL had methylation of at least 2 genes. Methylation of DAPK, p16 INK4a or MGMT was found in 96% of the tumors, suggesting simple marker strategies to detect circulating methylated DNA in serum that might facilitate early tumor detection. Our study provides insight into the epigenetic alterations in PCNSL and provides potential biomarkers of disease. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


1:3-34 -t -2 t3 -5 8 -13 t?2l of spirals m?,ount on)e al)ove (another alte) mrately to right anb7d le,ft tNll finally they reach the vertical ranilks. 14. As consequences of these two priniciples we may infer as follows: a. The system begins with 0-1. b. Every cycle discloses the preceding cycles of the system. c. The number of spirals in the successive orders is the same as the denominators of the fractions which represent tile system. d. The spirals of the 1st, 3d, 5th, &c., orders have the same oblique direction to the right or to the left. The spirals of the 2d, 4th, 6th, vzc., orders liave the same oblique direction to the left or to time right, cross-wise of the spirals of the odd orders. e. The common difference of the numbers in the series whichl represent any order of spirals is the same as the number of spirals in the order.-[To be continued.]


The effect of crystallization on the structure and morphology of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-MA)/clay (montmorillonite) nanocomposites (PPCNs) is presented. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements of PPCNs crystallized at different temperatures show that the extent of intercalation increases with the crystallization temperature. The enhancement of intercalation occurs with lower clay content PPCNs, and maximum intercalation takes place for 4 wt% clay content. The mechanism of intercalation has been proposed through crystallization. Excess γ-form of the crystallite of PP-MA appears in presence of clay, possibly because of the confinement of the polymer chain between the clay particles. WAXD data also reveals that d-spacing increases gradually with clay content. The decrease of spherulitic size is observed with increasing clay content, which indicates that clay particles act as nucleating agents. Lamellar textures have been explored by using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which exhibit that both the lamellar thickness and long period of the PPCNs are higher than those of PP-MA.


Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is associated with increased body fat, increased insulin sensitivity, and relative insulinopenia, suggesting possible interaction of GH and insulin receptor binding (IRB). We have measured erythrocyte IRB in 15 growth hormone deficient (GHD) children, ages 2-13 years, before treatment, after short-term high-dose GH (2 mg bid × 7 days), and long-term maintenance GH therapy (2 mg tiw × 2-12 mos). IRB was measured after fasting (16 hrs) and feeding (4 hrs). Fasting IRB in GHD patients, control children, and adults were 8.2±2.4, 7.4±2.4, and 8.2±2.3%, respectively. Corresponding concentrations of serum glucose were 78, 88, 82 mg/dl, those of insulin 12.2±3.4, 17.3±3.4, 11.2±2.8 uU/ml. There was no significant change in IRB in GHD with feeding vs fasting or short-term high-dose (7.3±2.9%) or long-term maintenance GH therapy (7.0±3.1%). GH increased (<2 ng/dl to 22±4.3 ng/dl) and somatomedin (0.36±.20 to 1.3±.35 U/ml). An inverse correlation was noted between IRB, fasting insulin concentrations, and body weight:height ratios. Patients with high fasting insulin (>20 uU/ml) and low height:weight ratios had very low IRB (3.1±1.2%). IRB after GH treatment increased in patients in whom therapy was associated with an increase in body weight:height ratios. These data suggest IRB may be related to body fat stores rather than circulating GH concentration or somatomedin activity.


Objective To study lexicological effects of sulfur dioxide (SO2) on reproductive system of male mammals. Methods After dynamic 7-day inhalation of SO2 at various concentrations, such as (22


Studies of the mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes are hindered by their availability only as ensembles of tubes with a range of diameters. However, tunable Raman spectroscopy is capable of identifying individual tubes from such ensembles. Interestingly, both the radial breathing mode and, surprisingly, the G-mode pressure coefficients exhibit strong environmental effects, which are largely independent of the nature of the environment. We show that the G-mode pressure coefficient varies with diameter, consistent with the thick-wall tube model. Reappraisal of literature data for graphene and graphite suggests revision of both the G-mode Gr�neisen parameter ? and the shear deformation parameter ? toward the value of 1.34. � 2013 American Physical Society.


This paper discusses the application of data warehouse in customer-service system in telecom industry,and introduces the basic frame of customer service system based on data warehouse.It presents six main applications.We develop customer service system by using Sybase data warehouse solution and provide an example about the action of user's contact.This paper provides a new idea for improving service quality and decision-making efficiency in the customer service center.


Fischer demonstrated (1890–1919) that functional biomolecules are composed specifically of the D-sugars and the L-amino acids, and that in the laboratory synthetic reactions of such molecules propagate with chiral stereoselectivity. Given a primordial enantiomer, biomolecular homochirality followed without the intervention of the chiral natural force conjectured by Pasteur (1860), except prebiotically. Polarized solar radiation and other classical chiral forces were proposed as agencies generating a prebiotic enantiomeric excess, but the forces then known were found to be evenhanded on a time and space average, exemplifying parity conservation (1927). The weak nuclear force, shown to violate parity (1956), was unified with electromagnetism in the electroweak force (1970). Ab initio estimations including the chiral electroweak force indicate that the L-amino acids and the D-sugars are more stable than the corresponding enantiomers. The small energy difference between these enantiomer pairs, with Darwinian reaction kinetics in a flow reactor, account for the choice of biomolecular handedness made when life began.


We study those Kothe co-echelon sequence spaces kp(V ), 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞ or p = 0, which are locally convex (Riesz) algebras for the pointwise multiplication. We characterize in terms of the matrix V = (vn)n when an algebra kp(V ) is unital, locally m-convex, a Q-algebra, it has a continuous (quasi)-inverse, all entire functions act on it or some transcendental entire functions act on it. It is proved that all multiplicative functionals are continuous and a precise description of all regular and all degenerate maximal ideals is given even for arbitrary solid algebras of sequences with pointwise multiplication. In particular, it is shown that all regular maximal ideals are solid. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 46H05; Secondary 46A04, 46A45, 46A13, 46J05.


This paper introduces the DCC-HEAVY and DECO-HEAVY models, which are dynamic models for conditional variances and correlations for daily returns based on measures of realized variances and correlations built from intraday data. Formulas for multi-step forecasts of conditional variances and correlations are provideid. Asymmetric versions of the models are developed. An empirical study shows that in terms of forecoaosts the new HEAVY models outperform the BEKK-HEAVY model based on realized covariances, and the BEKK, DCC and DECO multivariate GARCH models based exclusively on daily data.


This study was conducted to determine the effects of humic acid and iron applications on seed yield, some plant characteristics and oil ratio of Remzibey-05 safflower cultivar under Harran Plain conditions in the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 growing seasons. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block split plots design with three replications. The main plots were humic acid (HA) applications (0, 60 g ha, 120 g ha, 180 g ha), and the sub-plots were iron (Fe) applications (0, 12.5 kg ha, 25 kg ha and 37.5 kg ha). Humic acid was sprayed onto the leaves and iron was applied to the soil when the plants were leading the stage of 4-5 leaves. The highest seed yield, number of heads per plant and dry petal yield per plant were obtained from 120 g ha humic acid and 12.5 kg ha Fe applications. The highest number of seeds per head was obtained from 180 g ha HA and 12.5 kg ha Fe applications while biomass yield was from 60 g ha HA and 25 kg ha Fe applications. In conclusion; 120 g ha humic acid and 12.5 kg ha Fe should be applied to increase seed yield, number of heads per plant and dry petal yield per plant in safflower agriculture under semi-arid climate conditions.


The Ca 2 SiO 4 :Dy 3+ phosphor was synthesized by high temperature solid-state method. The emission spectrum of Ca 2 SiO 4 :Dy 3+ shows bands at 486nm,575nm and 665nm under the 365nm excitation. The excitation spectrum for 575nm emission has excitation bands at 331nm,361nm,371nm,397nm,435nm,461nm and 478nm. The effect of Dy 3+ concentration on the emission spectrum and luminescent intensity of Ca 2 SiO 4 :Dy 3+ was investigated.The result shows that the ratio (Y/B)of yellow emission (575nm)to blue emission (486nm)increases with increasing Dy 3+ concentration,and the reason was explained by Judd-Offelt theory. The luminescent intensity firstly increases with the increasing Dy 3+ concentration,then decreases,and the concentration self-quenching mechanisms are the d-d interaction according to the Dexter theory. The effect of Li + ,Na + and K + on the emission spectra of Ca 2 SiO 4 :Dy 3+ phosphor was studied. The results show that the emission spectrum intensity of Ca 2 SiO 4 :Dy 3+ phosphor is greatly influenced by Li + ,Na + and K + ,and the evolvement trend is the same for different charge compensations,i.e.,the emission spectrum intensity firstly increases with increasing charge compensation concentration,then decreases. However, the charge compensation concentration corresponding to the maximum emission intensity is different for different charge compensations,and the concentrations are 4,4 and 3 mol% for the Li + ,Na + and K + ,respectively.


Further to 'University sets psychometric test for child branch students' (news August 31), I am disappointed that applicants for the pre-registration nursing course at London South Bank University will have to pass an online psychometric test to secure an interview for a place.


It is our pleasure to present the special issue of Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations. In this issue (Volume 11, Issue 2), we selected six papers which have gone through several rounds of review and revision, and represent a cross-section of research in the e-Commerce area that touches upon technical and managerial issues. In the first paper titled " A New User Segmentation Model for E-government " , the authors introduce CRM and customer segmenta-tion concept into e-government areas, construct e-government user segmentation model and empirically test the user segmentation results. The second paper examines the structure and evolution mechanism of B2B e-commerce network. The authors modified a Barabasi-Albert model by incorporating more layers and parameters and revealed that the emergence of scale-free nature depends on the growth mechanism. The third paper presents a framework for security mechanism of Internet of Things (IoT) based on RFID, which includes authentication and access control, data encryption and legislative protection. In this fourth paper, the authors specifically examined how e-Business application affects business performance in a Chinese context by using VAR model. Results show that e-Business is most critical to business success especially for small companies in China. In the paper titled " An Efficient Hybrid Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Customer Segmentation in Mobile E-Commerce " , the author proposes a hybrid Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC) to classify customers in mobile e-commerce environment and help company managers to segment their customers. He used use the data from a Japan chain restaurant to verify his KP-ABC algorithm. Results show that the algorithm is more effective than other algorithms. The last paper examines e-Commerce issues from


AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is rapidly evolving as a tool for monitoring the distributions of aquatic species. Detection of species' populations in streams may be challenging because the persistence time for intact DNA fragments is unknown and because eDNA is diluted and dispersed by dynamic hydrological processes. During 2015, the DNA of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis was analyzed from water samples collected at 40 streams across the Adirondack region of upstate New York, where Brook Trout populations were recently quantified. Study objectives were to evaluate different sampling methods and the ability of eDNA to accurately predict the presence and abundance of resident Brook Trout populations. Results from three-pass electrofishing surveys indicated that Brook Trout were absent from 10 sites and were present in low ( 300 fish/0.1 ha) densities at 9, 11, and 10 sites, respectively. The eDNA results correctly predicted the prese...


A Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method was conducted for advanced geological prediction in Wuchiba Tunnel field, Hubei Province, China. A 100 MHz antennae is applied. Reflection characteristics of water are studied. Theoretic and case studies indicate that the reflection characteristics of water or mud are: The reflection energy (amplitude) is high; the reflection frequency is low and the reflection phase is inverse (the phase difference is 180°). These characteristics are the main criterion of water and is instructive for further GPR advanced geological predictions in similar geological fields.


Chlorotrianisene (TACE) is made by Merrell, not by Searle as we stated in our issue of July 31 (p. 63).


This paper presents a microprocessor-based scheme that generates the necessary synchronization logical signals for three-phase static power converter control systems. The problem of detecting the phase-to-phase voltage zero-crossing in presence of noise generated by thyristor commutations in constant and in variable frequency supplies is discussed, and a microcomputer software solution is proposed.


This paper describes a system based on haptics and sound, to assist teaching planar geometry to visually impaired pupils, and then provides more details on experiments carried out in a specialized school. This system allows to haptically read, measure and construct geometrical figures. Moreover, it can help blind pupils to shape a mental representation of geometrical and topological concepts.


Macromolecular crowding within the nucleus contributes to heterogeneity in chromatin packing and thus plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Nuclear crowding models predict that a change in chromatin structure will affect gene accessibility and transcription, which may have important functional consequences in cellular stress response. Since these studies have focused on ovarian adenocarcinoma, we aim to determine whether this theory can be extended to other types of cancer. Using differential gene expression analysis on bulk RNA‐sequencing data and partial wave spectroscopic (PWS) microscopy imaging of colon and mutant ovarian cancer cell lines, we see that the impact of crowding and chromatin packing on transcription can be extended to other cancer types. Comparison of these results with predictions from the chromatin packing‐macromolecular crowding model (CPMC), which relates physical changes in chromatin structure to changes in gene expression patterns, further showed that the complex bidirectional response of transcription to crowding is not cell‐line specific. Additionally, we show that the transcriptional response changes when the cellular stressor is a chemotherapeutic agent rather than a benign ion modulating compound. The results have important implications in understanding the role of chromatin structure in cellular stress response and drug resistance in cancer.


Antimicrobial drug resistance is a rising concern in the treatment of infectious diseases and necessitates the need for discovery of novel, potent antimicrobial compounds to combat antibiotic resistance. Since natural environment remains a potential source of novel antimicrobial products, this preliminary study was performed to test the potential of soils from Kericho County for antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes. Soil samples (214) were randomly collected from virgin soils of Kipkelion East, Kipkelion West, Belgut, Ainamoi, Sigowet and Bureti sub-counties in Kericho County from a depth of between 11 cm - 16 cm from the surface of the soil profile. A total of 107 Actinomycetes were isolated and screening was done using modified agar disc diffusion method of which only 39 (36.4%) showed antimicrobial activity against five of the six test isolates that included reference strains Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) and three clinical strains Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Microsporum gypseum and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Two of the isolates showed activity against MRSA and four isolates showed a higher potency than the standard drug Chloramphenicol (30 μg) against S. aureus. Most of the isolates (41.0%) also showed good antimicrobial activity against T. mentagrophyte, though they lower than the control drug Itraconazole (2 μg/ml), they were statistically significant. DNA from the isolates was extracted and the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using primers specific for Actinomycetes. The amplified gene was sequenced and phylogeny analysis was done. The 16S rRNA gene was able to be amplified in only 15 of these isolates. Sequencing showed that 93.3% were of the genus Streptomyces while 6.7% were of the genus Rhodococcus. From the results, the soils from this region harbour Actinomycetes that may have good potential of producing novel antibiotics against gram positive bacteria and dermatophytes.


Objective: To propose a method for determination of trace cadmium in water samples. Methods: The ternary complex that was formed utilizing crystal violet (CV) associating with CdI(superscript 2- subscript 4) formed by Cd(superscript 2+) with I(superscript -) in dilute sulfuric acid medium and in the presence of Tween-20 and AG enhanced significantly the RRS intensity. Results: Under the optimal conditions of the reaction system, the enhanced intensity of RRS was linear to the concentration of Cd(superscript 2+) in the range of 6.97×10^(-4)~4.30×10^(-2) μg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.9992 and the detection limit for Cd(superscript 2+) was 0.210 ng/ml. The recoveries were 95.50% to 102.60% with RSD less than 3.00% when the method was applied to the determination of Cd(superscript 2+) in environmental water samples with the sulfhydryl cotton separation-enrichment technique. Conclusion: The developed method is sensitive and of low detection limit. It can be used for determining trace cadmium in environmental water samples.


Purpose : This paper aimis to analyze the characteristics of ward plan of Korean hospital architecture con-structed in each periods and identify the change since 1945. Methods : Literature review was conducted while ward plans for analysis were sellected. And then the important points of ward design were analyzed in each periods. Results : The important points of ward design - type of corridor in ward plan, number of beds per nursing unit, location of nurse station, organization of multi-bed rooms, location of patient toilet, number of day room, concentration and separation of elevator halls for patient and general- were analyzed and the characteristics of change were identified in each periods. Implications : This paper could be a basic data for ar-ranging the history of hospital architecture in Korea


Massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO) brings better robustness and spectral efficiency but higher computational challenges compared to small-scale MIMO. One of the key challenges is the large-scale matrix inversion, as widely employed in channel estimation and detection. Traditionally, to address the issue, several low-complexity matrix inversion methods have been proposed, including the tri-diagonal matrix approximation (TMA) and the Neumann-series approximation (NSA). Although the previous methods effectively alleviate the computational cost, they all fail to exploit the typical properties of channel matrices, leading to unsatisfactory error-rate performance in some non-ideal scenarios. To solve the issue, in this paper, a two-level and block diagonal based improved Neumann series approximation (TL-BD-INSA) algorithm is proposed, which is suitable for both ideal uncorrelated channels and the correlated channels with multiple-antenna user equipment (MAUE) system. First, a two-level block diagonal iteration based on matrix partition is employed, which exhibits performance comparable to the exact method while having a lower computational load. An improved normalization factor is then introduced to accelerate convergence. Numerical results show that, for <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$128\times 32$</tex-math></inline-formula> MIMO with MAUE non-ideal channel, the proposed algorithm performs only 0.25 dB away from the exact matrix inversion when bit error rate (BER) <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ = 10^{-3}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The implementation on Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA and ASIC with TSMC 45 nm shows that the proposed detector can achieve 1731 bps/slices and 0.463 Gbps/mm<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula> hardware efficiency, respectively, demonstrating that the proposed system can achieve a well trade-off between error performance and implementation efficiency.


TPS405Background: The most significant morbidity of prostate cancer (PC) is bone metastasis (BM). More than 90% of patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have radiologic evidence of BM, which are a major cause of death, disability, decreased QoL, and increased treatment cost. Unlike deaths from many other types of cancer, deaths from PC are often due to bone disease and its complications. In vitro data demonstrate a role for taxanes in the regulation of osteoclast formation and function, with a decreased resorption activity. ESTAMPEDE study has shown a strong clinical benefit, in term of OS, PFS and skeletal related events (SREs) delay compared with ADT alone, in metastatic hormone-sensitive pts treated with docetaxel (DOC) and ADT. TROPIC Study has shown that cabazitaxel (CBZ) prolongs OS regardless of DOC response in responder, resistant and refractory pts. Some data are available on pain progression, pain response and ECOG PS deterioration but in a unselected ITT po...


Simple Summary Dairy cows are commonly affected by mastitis, which causes huge economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. This work aimed to study this disease by comparing multiple biological specimens (feces, serum, and urine) from individuals with or without clinical mastitis. Integrated analysis of metabolome changes across several key biofluids could facilitate knowledge discovery and reliable identification of potential biomarkers, which could in turn be used to shed light on the early diagnosis of dairy cow mastitis in its subclinical form. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work dedicated to providing quantitative information on the multi-matrix metabolome of dairy cows with/without clinical mastitis by untargeted 1H-NMR. Several pathways related to energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism have been highlighted to explain the mechanisms of the changes in the dairy cow metabolome related to clinical mastitis. Our findings are the first to provide an integrated view and better understanding of the metabolic mechanism of clinical mastitis, useful for the development of regulated strategies to improve the metabolic status of mastitic dairy cows. Abstract Due to huge economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide, mastitis can be considered as one of the most common diseases in dairy cows. This work aimed to study this disease by comparing multiple biological specimens (feces, serum, and urine) from individuals with or without clinical mastitis. This was performed by a single analytical platform, namely 1H-NMR, through a multi-matrix strategy. Thanks to the high reproducibility of 1H-NMR, we could characterize 120 molecules across dairy cow feces, serum, and urine. Among them, 23 molecules were in common across the three biofluids. By integrating the results of multi-matrix metabolomics, several pathways pertaining to energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism appeared to be affected by clinical mastitis. The present work wished to deepen the understanding of dairy cow mastitis in its clinical form. Simultaneous analysis of metabolome changes across several key biofluids could facilitate knowledge discovery and the reliable identification of potential biomarkers, which could be, in turn, used to shed light on the early diagnosis of dairy cow mastitis in its subclinical form.


The authors examine social-class differences in parents' child-rearing values for autonomy, self-direction, and conformity and the extent to which their values are influenced by their perceptions of their developing children's characteristics. Parents from 25 middle-class or working-class families in a Brazilian city participated in interviews, observations, and completed Kohn's Q-Sort measure when their children were 3, 36, and 72 months of age. Parents' child-rearing values differed significantly by social class: middle-class parents were more likely to value autonomy and self-direction in their children, whereas working-class parents were more likely to value conformity. Article at UNIV N CAROLINA GREENSBORO on September 7, 2013 jfi.sagepub.com Downloaded from 1380 Journal of Family Issues 34(10) In addition, the strength and direction of parental values changed significantly as their children developed. Parents were less likely to value autonomy and self-direction when their children were 36 months than when they were either 3 or 72 months. Middle-class parents were more likely to value conformity when their children were 36 than when they were younger or older.


With 70% of care home residents experiencing a medication error every day in the UK, better multi‐professional working between medical practitioners, pharmacists and care homes was recommended. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness (falls reduction) and cost‐effectiveness, of a multi‐professional medication review (MPMR) service in care homes for older people.


We develop an economic model of association based on voluntary contributions. Different equilibria corresponding to the different modes of formation of associations are analyzed and the results are compared with the existing empirical literature. The main contribution consists in analyzing voluntary associations as a means of providing collective-consumption goods or services while allowing for some heterogeneity of preferences concerning the quality of these goods or services. Thus we introduce the concept of subjective quality as a possible incentive for volunteering. The model stresses the importance of non-pecuniary rewards and of accepted differentiation for the well-functioning of voluntary organizations. The Americans make associations to give entertainments, to found seminaries, to build inns, to construct churches, to diffuse books, to send missionaries to the antipodes; in this manner they found hospitals, prisons, and schools. If it is proposed to inculcate some truth or to foster some feeling by the encouragement of a great example, they form a society… Alexis deTocqueville, " Democracy in America " 1. Introduction Voluntary monetary contributions and voluntary work constitute an important resource for the functioning of associations. According to Havens et al. (2006), in the United States, about 90 percent of American households donate to nonprofits. In 2001, individual contributions accounted for 13.7 percent of the total resources of American nonprofits, while public support represented 9.9 percent (Tax Foundation, 2005.) Voluntary contributions are not necessarily monetary. They can also be represented by contributions in effort or time. In 1993, for instance, the value of voluntary work in the American nonprofits was estimated at about 182 billion dollars. The voluntary sector is considered as an extra-governmental provider of collective consumption goods representing an alternative for unsatisfied demanders (Weisbrod, 1977, 1986.) It can be distinguished from the public and the private sectors by its means of providing goods and services. The public provision of goods or services is financed by compulsory taxes, while on the market individuals have to pay their consumption. With voluntary provision, on the other hand, individuals can choose to contribute to the provision of a good or service, whether 2 they consume it or not (Olson, 1971, Sugden, 1984), by forming voluntary associations (or nonprofits). Under purely economic reasoning, voluntary associations were initially considered as segregated groups that arise for the mutual benefit of their members, allowing them to share collectively provided goods that could not be provided individually or that are better provided in …


This paper, which is contextualised in terms of the broader history of the moving image, examines new media artist Lynette Wallworth's installation Duality of Light with respect to recent advances in neuroscientific research [1, 8]. These have led to greater understanding of how the brain processes visual imagery. Of greatest relevance to Wallworth's work is the discovery that the binding of the largely anatomically segregated attributes of colour, motion and faces occurs asynchronously and is subject to a temporal hierarchy. Moreover, such binding is post-conscious. Further to this, following Gansing [3], while simultaneously factoring in these recent neuroscientific advances, the idea of 'interactivity' is challenged. The inadequacy of 'interactive' as an undifferentiated descriptor, often uniformly applied to diverse new media works, is also highlighted. Works such as those created by Wallworth – whose work is informed intuitively by these recent neuroscientific findings – reveal the shortcomings of such homogenising terminology. Finally, this exploratory paper, which will form the basis of further work, demonstrates the interwoven nature of the aforementioned subject matter and thematic concerns.


In data hiding algorithm that faced to conceal communication application, it is a difficult problem that much information is hided in a JPEG file. In this article,we introduced the data hiding algorithm in the high frequency region of JPEG files. Because this algorithm had a shortcoming that the carrier image had perceptible degrade when hidden data was much. A data hiding algorithm based on optimized quantizer in JPEG was proposed. This algorithm restricted the high-frequency noise by optimizing quantizer and improved visual quality of the carrier image. Experimental results show that this algorithm can reduce the high-frequency noise very much.


This paper designs an intelligent video surveillance system based on the particle filter. In the design, the adaptive Gaussian mixture model is applied to construct the background model. Utilizing the Gaussian mixture background model, the moving objects can be detected by background subtraction. For the moving objects appearing in the margin of the video frame, it is considered as a new unit (person). For the new considered unit, a new particle filter is established and designated to track the new unit. Once the tracked unit leaves the video frame, the corresponding particle filter will be terminated. Moreover, the Kalman filter is applied to track the units when they are occluded. By tracking the units in the video frame, we can obtain some important information, e.g. the number of persons in the area (or having been in the area), hot spots, etc.


Asian Americans joined X-2 (the counterintelligence branch) and were involved in spy hunts. They were not always successful, as the Japanese Mata Hari's spy ring eluded capture. Yet Asian American like John Kwock were nevertheless effective in securing OSS facilities from penetration by Japanese and Chinese Nationalist agents under Tai Li. Their greatest contribution, however, came with the Allied POWs rescue operations for missions code-named Cardinal and Pigeon. They also took up war crimes investigations immediately after the cessation of hostilities. They looked into alleged collaborationist activities of their ethnic cohorts such as Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan's radio propaganda broadcaster Herbert Moy, and others whose alleged activities were deemed treasonous by European American investigators such as Frank Farrell. With their expert knowledge of the local context in East Asia as well as the alleged traitors' Asian American background, this provided them with a unique ability to assess these cases.


In this paper, a study was carried out on the effect of various heat input on the hardness distribution and delta ferrite content in dissimilar welding on T22 and SS304H tube boilers in power plants using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). The heat input used in this study is 2.9 KJ/mm, 3.1 KJ/mm and 3.6 KJ/mm. Controlling the heat input parameter is one method to reduce problems in dissimilar welding. The general problem occurs in dissimilar welding is the failure on the weldment to occur due to differences in chemical composition, mechanical properties and thermal coefficients of the two materials where it makes degradation in the microstructure in the fusion zone and creating residual stress than susceptibility to fatigue in material or cracks. All variation of heat input in this study is safe to operate in the welding process and low tendency to hot cracking. Using the lowest variation of heat input 2.9 KJ/mm has the highest value of hardness distribution and lowest FN value.


Patents – European patents – Arrow declarations – Gillette defences – Strike out application – Justiciability – Threshold requirements – Discretion – Practice – Requirement for clarity – Case management – Appeal to Court of Appeal


Abstract System F-bounded is a second-order typed lambda calculus, where the basic features of object-oriented languages can be naturally modelled. F-bounded extends the better known system F ⩽ , in a way that provides an immediate solution for the treatment of the so-called "binary methods." Although more powerful than F ⩽ and also quite natural, system F-bounded has only been superficially studied from a foundational perspective and many of its essential properties have been conjectured but never proved in the literature. The aim of this paper is to give a solid foundation to F-bounded , by addressing and proving the key properties of the system. In particular, transitivity elimination, completeness of the type checking semi-algorithm, the subject reduction property for βη reduction, conservativity with respect to system F ⩽ , and antisymmetry of a "full" subsystem are considered, and various possible formulations for system F-bounded are compared. Finally, a semantic interpretation of system F-bounded is presented, based on partial equivalence relations.


Pretreatment counts were made on the day of application by counting 50 adult female scales per bromeliad as either live or dead. Three bromeliads infested with D. bromeliae and 4 bromeliads infested with D. boisduvalii were dipped in either 10 gal of water or dimethoate 4E at 0.5 lb ai/100 gal H20 for 30 s. The plants were inverted after dipping to drain excess insecticide and then maintained in a greenhouse (T = 27-32°C). Posttreatment counts were made at 14 and 28 days, counting 50 adult female scales per bromeliad.


The study of risks of reducing the competitiveness of construction companies in 2020-2021 through the use of non-market methods of competition, including eco-raiding, requires an in-depth look at their impact on economic efficiency of the entity, which determines the relevance and novelty of this study. The object of the research is non-market methods of competition of construction enterprises in modern conditions. The subject of this study are eco-raiding and eco-terrorism as risk factors for reducing the competitiveness of construction enterprises. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the need to strengthen the role of state control in the process of managing the construction industry in conditions of non-market competition. The practical significance of the results obtained is to determine recommendations for improving the quality of management of the construction industry through increased control over the pre-project processes of housing construction. To achieve this goal were used: system-parametric approach – to the scientific knowledge of modern non-market methods of competition in the construction market of Ukraine, which made it possible to reveal their negative role in strengthening the processes of monopolization; systematic analysis of the causes of illegal construction, which contributed to the formation of recommendations for solving this problem; managerial approach – to the role of the state in terms of strengthening the control function in the construction market. Conclusions. The construction industry is an external identifier of the «health» of the national economy. Unfinished objects reduce the investment attractiveness of the industry for domestic and foreign investors, show a negative overall situation in the domestic market. A significant reason for stopping the construction and bankruptcy of construction companies is eco-raiding - speculation on environmental issues, which blocks the activities of a construction company in order to taking possession of his property. The reasons for eco-raiding lie in the corruption of government agencies and their links with criminals. To overcome eco-raiding in the country it is necessary to form an effective institutional environment, certain legislation, an independent judiciary, which together will strengthen the system of control by public authorities and local governments. The construction industry will play a particularly important role in the post-war period, when domestic industrial and residential infrastructure will need large-scale reincarnation. European society provides for the functioning of economic mechanisms exclusively in market conditions, which should exclude the use of non-market methods of competition not only in the construction sector but also in the domestic economy as a whole.


The paper deals with the direct sound radiation of the hermetic shell of the reciprocating refrigeration compressor. The sound power level of compressor can be evaluated by applying well known conventional methods: using sound pressure levels measured in reverberant or in anechoic chamber or by integrating the sound intensity readings over a closed surface containing the source. An alternative method using 6 accelerometer measurements for evaluating the sound power level radiated by the hermetic compressor is presented in the paper. The method is based on modeling the acoustic radiation of compressor shell by 4 simple acoustic sources – 1 monopole and 3 dipoles. The monopole accounts for the change of the volume of the compressor shell, known as shell "breathing", while each of 3 dipole stands for the "rigid body" vibration movements in 3 directions. The sound power level is then evaluated by the superposition of the sound power levels of the 4 simple acoustic sources. The "6 accelerometers method" is applied on a number of small and medium size hermetic compressors. The obtained results are compared and discussed. The accuracy as function of frequency range and dimensions of source are examined. INTRODUCTION The main vibroacoustic source of refrigerating and air-conditioning machinery is compressor. One of two principal components of the noise generated by compressors are: the noise transmitted to the machinery in the form of structure-borne and fluidborne vibroacoustic energy and the airborne noise which is directly radiated by the compressor shell. The airborne noise, which is predominant in numerous cases is generated by shell vibration. Consequently by measuring the shell vibration the sound radiation of compressor can be evaluated. Since the compressor shell elastically deforms while radiating/vibrating a simple "one number" descriptor of shell vibration does not exist. The straightforward but tedious way to measure such "complex" vibration of the shell consists of use of a fine mesh of measurement points, similar to those used in FEM analysis. In order to define the vibrations in operating conditions, complex amplitudes of vibration at all measurement points are needed, for each measurement frequency. The number of data for such complete definition of shell vibration is prohibitive. In order to overcome this point, shell vibration is to be developed in series of simple vibration modes and then truncated to a acceptable/useful number of terms. Only the most efficient modes are to be taken into account. The most efficient radiation modes are associated with the simplest vibration movements. The simplest modes of the compressor shell vibration are rigid body modes. There are 3 independent rigid body modes which can efficiently radiate the sound. Each corresponds to the displacement of the center of gravity of the shell in one of 3 principal directions. The rest of the shell vibration of the shell can be approximated by breathing deformation of the shell. Since none of these 4 vibration modes can be expressed as a linear combination of others, they can be considered as orthogonal. The 4 principal modes correspond to 4 simple acoustic sources: 3 dipoles and 1 monopole. The total acoustic power is equal to the sum of the acoustic powers of 4 elementary sources. "SIX ACCELEROMETER METHOD" Acoustic radiation of compressor shell When acoustic radiation is considered, compressor shell can be modeled using an equivalent sphere. In such a case the acoustic radiation of rigid body modes is to be computed using the expressions for vibrating sphere (dipole radiation), while the breathing of shell is to be accounted for using pulsating sphere formula (monopole radiation). Such a model allows a relatively accurate estimation of radiated sound power of the hermetic shells of small and medium size refrigerant compressors for the whole range of audible frequencies. The acoustic radiation is evaluated using the vibration amplitude and shell dimensions. In order to use the measured vibration amplitude a 6 accelerometer antenna/array presented is needed. The method consists of simultaneous measurement of acceleration at six points of compressor shell. In the Fig-1 the measurement positions A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6 are shown on the equivalent sphere, which is associated to the compressor shell. Moreover, this method allows for the measurement of radiated acoustic power in noisy environment. The accelerometer readings are denoted by a a a a a 1 2 3 4 5 , , , , and a6 . "Rigid body" vibration of the compressor shell in X, Y and Z directions are given by the following expressions: a a a a a a a a a x y z = − = − = − 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 b g b g b g ; ; "Breathing" of the shell can be computed using average value of in-phase accelerometer readings: a a a a a a a b = + + + + + 1 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 b g The compressor shell is modelled by an equivalent sphere radiating in infinite space. Figure 1 – Vibroacoustic model of compressor shell. Left: position of measurement points on the compressor shell. Right-up: acoustic model of "pulsating sphere". Right down: acoustic model of "vibrating sphere". The acoustic pressure p r 0 ( ) generated by breathing vibration are given by the following expression: p r e r a r jkr e jkr b jkr ( ) = = + − α α ρ 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 ; b g where r c k 0, , , ρ are sphere radius, mass density, speed of the sound in the air and wavenumber. The acoustic pressure p r x x ( , ) θ generated by rigid body vibration in X direction are given by the following expression : p r jkr e r a c j r jkr jkr e x jkr x x jkr ( , ) cos θ β θ β ρ ω = + = + + −


Drought is one of the climate change phenomena that has a profound impact on agricultural crops. Various adaptation strategies are used to deal with the impacts of climate change, one of which is the ratoon system of rice cultivation. This study aims to examine the effects of providing a combination of organic amendment and the application of PGPR on soil characteristics, growth, and yield of salibu ratoon system in the rainfed dry land. The research was conducted in Wonosari Village, Gondangrejo, Karanganyar, Central Java. This research used a complete randomized block design with three replications consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the organic amendment, which is without the addition of organic matter (C1), compost (C2), and rice husk charcoal (C3). The second factor is the PGPR treatment, which is non-inoculated PGPR (P1) and inoculated PGPR (P2). Data analysis used ANOVA level of 5% followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the addition of organic matter and the inoculation of PGPR affected the variable root length, yield, and biomass. The addition of organic matter and PGPR can increase crop yields and plant resistance to drought stress by maintaining soil moisture and root elongation mechanisms. Based on the research results, the addition of rice husk charcoal and PGPR inoculation is the best combination for ratoon rice cultivation in the rainfed dry land.


Myasthenia gravis is a neurological disease that causes poor quality of life. Mestinon® is the drug of choice. However, using the original medication may lead to high costs particularly in developing countries. We did a pilot study in previously diagnosed, stable generalized myasthenia gravis patients by switching Mestinon® to pyrimine 60, a generic form. After we enrolled 13 patients, 6 patients responded, 4 patients did not respond, and 4 patients had severe dry mouth and throat from pyrimine 60. Clinical characters, SF-36 scores, and composite scores in those who responded, did not response, and had side effects were compared. No patients had serious side effects or myasthenic crisis. In conclusion, pyrimine 60 may be as effective as mestinon® with minor side effects.


Purpose: To characterize the behavior of MOSFETs under radiation of various clinically relevant energies used in radiotherapy and radiology by evaluating its sensitivity or threshold voltage shift (CF) with regard to total integrated dose.Method and Materials: Seven p‐type, duals bias MOSFETs from Thomson & Nielsen were investigated. They were exposed to four radiationssources: (1) 60Co unit (〈E〉γ: 1.25 MeV), (2) 192Ir HDR unit (〈E〉γ;: 0.38 MeV), 30 kV beam (〈E〉γ: 14.8 keV) and (4) 150 kV beam (〈E〉γ: 70.1 keV). The MOSFET's sensitivity (CFw) was evaluated at various moments in time and was calculated as the ratio of the measurement Mw (mV) over the estimated dose value Dw (cGy) both in water. Results: The sensitivity of MOSFET is express by their calibration factor (CFw), and allows the user to associate the reading displayed by the device (mV) to a dose value (cGy). The CFw value diminishes with increasing threshold voltage, especially for low energy radiation. It is stable for 60Co irradiations, while it decreases of 6%, 5% and 15% for beam energies of 192Ir, 150 kV and 30 kV respectively. This behavior is explained by an alteration of the effective field applied on the MOSFET (bias), caused by the accumulation of holes at the SiO2 interface. It is strongly dependent on the radiation nature (LET) and particularly affects low x‐ray energies. Conclusions: Those results are of major interest since, following the company recommendations to calibrate the device every 7 000 mV, it could lead to a significantly underestimated dose. A calibration of the device before every use and performing more than one measurement (thus using a mean dose value) should compensate the observed behavior.


Big data are emerging paradigm that can be applied to huge volume of valuable data, which are often generated or collected at a fast velocity from a wide variety of rich data sources. These data can be of a wide variety of formats and/or type; they can be at different levels of veracity. Embedded in these data is implicit, previously unknown and useful information and knowledge that can be discovered by data science. Healthcare and medical data such as epidemiological data for disease like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are examples of big data. Analyzing and mining these data led to discovery of knowledge and information about the disease, which in turn help people to get better understanding of the disease so that they could take parts in preventing or slowing down the spread of the disease, and/or protecting themselves from the disease. Hence, in this paper, we present a data science engine to analyze and mine COVID-19 data. As COVID-19 cases may not evenly distributed among spatial locations and/or evenly distributed throughout the entire period of pandemic, our engine conducts spatial-temporal data science to reveal important information and knowledge about epidemiological characteristics of the disease across different spatial locations and its temporal trends. Evaluation on real-life COVID-19 data demonstrates the effectiveness of our engine in conducting spatial-temporal data science of COVID-19 data.


ABSTRACT Thyroid function was studied in 28 euthyroid patients with paroxysmal or recent prolonged atrial fibrillation and in 11 patients with paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. The serum protein-bound iodine level, basal metabolic rate, and thyroidal I131 uptake were within normal limits. In 11 of these cases, the fate of intravenously administered I131-thyroxine was studied. The half-time of disappearance of plasma radioactivity following infusion of Il31-labe1ed thyroxine ranged from 4.1 to 6.8 days and averaged 5.74 days—significantly faster than the turnover in previous studies of euthyroid human subjects. The thyroxine distribution space ranged from 8.0 to 16.4 liters (average, 12.2 liters), in contrast to a range of 7 to 12 liters (average, 9.9 liters) in the control group. The daily degradation rate of thyroxine varied from 52 to 126 micrograms per day (average, 83.6) in the group under study but was only 36 to 61 micrograms in the control group. The two-hour in vitro red blood cell uptake of I131-tri...


This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the variables associated with friends and alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use in 965 adolescents from 50 public schools in Jacarei and Diadema, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The Drug Use Screening Inventory was used for data collection. Having friends who use substances, who are in trouble with the law, who have stolen/damaged something, who sell drugs, who take drugs to parties, and who get bored when they do not drink at parties progressively increased the risk of adolescents using alcohol, tobacco, both of them, and illicit drugs. This result shows the importance of evaluating the consumption of these substances separately, as the consumption of alcohol and tobacco together seems to be more hazardous than consuming them individually.


This article explores the reality television show Cheaters as a parodic-pastiche genre featuring videotaped surveillance of the romantically unfaithful within a web of preexisting fictional and nonfictional forms, including, most prominently, melodrama and detective fiction. Cheaters' claim of promoting "temperance and virtue" within a legalistic ethos of one's "right to be informed" about infidelity allows the show to cast itself as "real reality" television, though its narrative structure goes well beyond simple documentation. Especially when considered in the supertextual context of sexually, ego-centrically themed advertisements, Cheaters emerges as a parodic-pastiche narrative that easily intermingles moralistic and sensationalistic themes. I argue that the show's postmodern catch-all rhetoric borrows most centrally from fictional melodrama, and therefore Cheaters can be interpreted as melodramatic parody. It provides, on the surface, a moral framework that grants ideological cover for an otherwise salacious interest in visually documented infidelity.


The WSAA convened a workshop, held February 2001, to explore the knowledge gained and lessons learnt from the Urban Subprogram of the National River Health Program and to consider future directions for research and management of waterways (streams and estuaries) in urban areas. The workshop was attended by key researchers associated with the eight projects and representatives from agencies with an interest in the outcomes of the program (Appendix 1). This report is a summary of the findings and recommendations that emerged from the workshop.


This paper presents comparison of policies in EU by exploring laws, regulations as well as guidelines related to ICT accessibility including web accessibility. EU and European states have investigated and carried out these subject policy issues and this study attempts to provide updated recent information on the efforts of EU as well as UK to make better the situations of the persons with disabilities and similarly-situated adults so they can be helped to better access to information and communication technology and services on an equal basis with others and participate fully in their society.


Several general terms about synchronizers are introduced from shifting rules and design theories in this paper.Then these terms are taken as design requirements and applied to the synchronizer's development.Furthermore,a CAD software based on the study for synchronizer design is developed.


The invention provides a spiral steam generator, comprising a heating shell; the heating shell is provided with a water inlet and steam outlets formed in two ends of the heating shell; the steam outlets are oblique ports with different inclination angles; inversed U-shaped heating pipes are arranged in the inner cavity of the heating shell; water flow guiding partition plates are arranged at the inner wall of the heating shell; the inversed U-shaped heating pipes and steam flow guiding partition plates are arranged in an overlapping mode. The spiral steam generator adopts the opposite spraying mode of two sprayers to generate the spiral uprising steam flow, realizes the effects of large flow speed and long range of sprayed steam, is applied to a product with higher demand on steam heating effect and has obvious advantages.


Conductivity in a multiband system can be divided into intra- and interband contributions, and the latter further into symmetric and antisymmetric parts. In a flat band, intraband conductivity vanishes and the antisymmetric interband contribution, proportional to the Berry curvature, corresponds to the anomalous Hall effect. We investigate whether the symmetric interband conductivity, related to the quantum metric, can be finite in the zero frequency and flat band limit. Starting from the Kubo-Greenwood formula with a finite scattering rate $\eta$, we show that the DC conductivity is zero in a flat band when taking the clean limit ($\eta \rightarrow 0$). If commonly used approximations involving derivatives of the Fermi distribution are used, finite conductivity appears at zero temperature $T=0$, we show however that this is an artifact due to the lack of Fermi surfaces in a (partially) flat band. We then analyze the DC conductivity using the Kubo-Streda formula, and note similar problems at $T=0$. The predictions of the Kubo-Greenwood formula (without the approximation) and the Kubo-Streda formula differ significantly at low temperatures. We illustrate the results within the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model where one expects vanishing DC conductivity in the dimerized limit as the unit cells are disconnected. We discuss the implications of our results to previous work which has proposed the possibility of finite flat-band DC conductivity proportional to the quantum metric. Our results also highlight that care should be taken when applying established transport and linear response approaches in the flat band context, since many of them utilize the existence of a Fermi surface and assume scattering to be weak compared to kinetic energy.


Establishment of practical teaching system and practical teaching platform is one of the main indicators in open education evaluation,which is a comprehensive project.Only after an objective study of learners' basic characteristics,through pertinent design and progressive assessment combined with different specialty and practical posts,can practical activities attain its goal without staying on the level of formalism.


Methods.-Conditions for the maturation of reticulocytes in vitro: Reticulocytes were prepared from phenylhydrazine-treated rabbits according to the procedures of Borsook et al.8 The cells were recovered from the whole blood by centrifugation and suspended in 2.0 volumes of a medium of the following composition: a mixture of L-amino acids,8 0.12 M NaCl, 4.75 X 10-i KCl, 1.18 X 10-i M MgSO4, 1.18 X 10-' M KH2P04, 2.5 X 10-2 2.4 X 3.6 X 10-3 M glucose, and 6 X 10-4 M inosine, plus 2.0 volumes of plasma and 100,000 units of penicillin and 0.25 gm streptomycin per 100 ml of mixture. Both plasma and cells were obtained from the same rabbit. This suspension, generally in a final volume of 40 ml, was placed in a siliconized, water-jacketed incubation flask fitted with a cap, through which passed a pH electrode, stirring rod, burette tip, and gas inflow and outflow tubes. The pH of the incubation mixture was maintained constant at 7.37 by means of a pH-Stat (Radiometer Titrator, removed microscopy and incubation with C14-amino enumeration


The decline in contractile properties is a characteristic feature of the dysfunctional bladder as a result of infravesical outlet obstruction. During clinical progression of the disease, smooth muscle cells undergo structural modifications. Since adaptations to constant changes in length require a high degree of structural organization within the sarcolemma, we have investigated the expression of several proteins, which are involved in smooth muscle membrane organization, in specimens derived from normal and dysfunctional organs.


Multiple intra-Craton rift and passive marginal sedimentary basins are developed in eastern Africa.Since the exploration degree was very low,only several natural gas fields were discovered.With the increasing demand for hydrocarbon all over the world,eastern Africa will be the new important area for petroleum exploration and development.Based on studies of regional geology and petroleum geology in eastern Africa,this paper concludes that these basins are composite basins that were developed on the Cambrian base during Tertiary.Several basic characteristics of petroleum geology are generating gas in the Karoo group of Paleozoic,generating oil in rock of Mesozoic and poor preservation in the basins of Cenozoic.The potential exploration and evaluation targets are reservoir groups below the Karoo Group,middle-Cenozoic basins along the seashore of Somalia-Mozambique,Tertiary rift basins,and sedimentary basins bordering on Sudan and Red Sea.


Summary: This study presents applied mathematical and statistical modelling research that can help focus and improve major decision-making in planning, resource allocation and public health policy for the AIDS epidemic.


An exploratory flow visualization study conducted in the Langley Vortex Research Facility to investigate the effectiveness of lateral control surface oscillations as a potential method for wake vortex attenuation on a 0.03 scale model of a wide body jet transport aircraft is described. Effects of both asymmetric surface oscillation (control surfaces move as with normal lateral control inputs) and symmetric surface oscillation (control surfaces move in phase) are presented. The asymmetric case simulated a flight maneuver which was previously investigated on the transport aircraft during NASA/FAA flight tests and which resulted in substantial wake vortex attenuation. Effects on the model wake vortex systems were observed by propelling the model through a two dimensional smoke screen perpendicular to the model flight path. Results are presented as photographic time histories of the wake characteristics recorded with high speed still cameras. Effects of oscillation on the wake roll up are described in some detail, and the amount of vortex attenuation observed is discussed in comparative terms. Findings were consistent with flight test results in that only a small amount of rotation was observed in the wake for the asymmetric case. A possible aerodynamic mechanism contributing to this attenuation is suggested.


ABSTRACT Background To date, almost 600 genes have been associated with ocular genetic diseases. As these discoveries are made, clinical genetic testing continues to grow and become a more common element in the diagnostic workup of children with blindness and reduced vision. However, few studies have explored the motivations of parents of pediatric patients for pursuing genetic testing or the topics they would like to discuss during their visit. This study explored these gaps in the existing knowledge of clinical care for children with vision loss. Materials and Methods We distributed a REDCap survey to parents of pediatric patients in the Indiana University Ocular Genetics Clinic and through the Foundation Fighting Blindness MyRetinaTracker database to examine factors that motivate families to undergo genetic testing, topics they are interested in discussing, and satisfaction with their current care. Results Parents were primarily motivated by the opportunity to learn about their child's prognosis, formal diagnosis, and possible treatment options. Parents were most interested in discussing prognosis, adaptations for vision loss, and testing logistics. Parents reported satisfaction with the care received; however, less than half were very satisfied with their understanding of prognosis and the support resources provided. Conclusions Parents seem to be generally satisfied by the care from their ocular genetics team. However, families' desires are not being fully met, especially with information about prognosis and support resources. As the field of ocular genetics continues to grow, it is important we improve these offerings and optimize care for this patient population.


This work, after a preliminary feasibility study using a Matlab environment simulation, defines the design and the real hardware testing of a new bio-inspired decision chain for UAV sense-and-avoid applications. Relying on a single and cheap visible camera sensor, computer vision, bio-inspired and automatic decision algorithms have been adopted and implemented on a specific ARM embedded platform through C++/OpenCV coding. A first data set processing, really captured on flight, has been presented.


1. Introduction to the Management of Information Security 2. Planning for Security 3. Planning for Contingencies 4. Information Security Policy 5. Developing the Security Program 6. Security Management Models and Practices 7. Risk Management: Identifying and Assessing Risk 8. Risk Management: Controlling Risk 9. Protection Mechanisms 10. Personnel and Security 11. Law and Ethics 12. Information Security Project Management Appendix A: NIST SP 800-26, Security Self-Assessment Guide for Information Technology Systems, and ISO 17799:2005 Overview


There are many medical applications requiring angle‐resolved analysis of luminal organs. One example is lung cancer detection. Early diagnosis is the most effective way to tackle this disease. This, however, remains a challenge due to the lack of accurate detection technology. The problem is exacerbated in cases of peripheral lung cancer growing on narrow bronchi that are difficult to probe. Here, an endoscopic Raman spectroscopy device is demonstrated with a side‐viewing functionality that enables circumferential scanning spectral measurements inside thin conduits. A tubular micro rotary stepping actuator is custom‐designed and integrated with a Raman probe, for the first time, to scan a probing laser beam sideways for angle‐resolved local Raman analysis with no aid of tissue labeling, toward enabling detection of lesion‐induced biochemical changes in vivo and in real time. A microfabricated prototype is evaluated using test chemicals, harvested animal lung tissue ex vivo, as well as a murine colon model in situ and human skin in vivo. All the test results show excellent agreements with reported reference data while revealing >99% wavenumber accuracies. The study indicates that microactuator‐assisted endoscopic Raman spectroscopy is a promising technology for luminal tissue analysis and encourages further studies of its sensitivity in lesion detection.


"Elasticity" in bakery is a sensory perception that is felt when the dough is rapidly stretched and released. Elasticity is good when the dough contracts rapidly to approximately its original shape. In another test the baker tries to stretch the dough into a thin membrane (Fig. 82). The formation of membranes with no fissures is attributed to good gluten quality 14 The Role of Gluten Elasticity in the Baking Quality of Wheat


IT has recently been shown that the effects of a lethal dose of beryllium in mice can be almost completely abolished by the administration of a single dose of aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) (White, Finkel and Schubert, 1951). Intravenous injection of this dye provides protection to 90 per cent of animals poisoned with a dose of beryllium that would otherwise result in death in 2-5 days. It has been shown subsequently that protection is not caused by increased elimination or by redistribution of beryllium, but rather by inactivation in situ. Inactivation is accomplished by the formation of a stable and non-toxic lake between the dye aurintricarboxylic acid and the ionised beryllium. The first stage in the production of the lake involves the formation of the following chelate between the two substances


Based on the safety management of extension work which has been carried on in 500kV Jingting substation,the paper introduces the experience of safety control measure and controlling means which can supply references to the safety management of extension work in substation.


The present study is to analyze the comparative effect of Maha Sidha Meditation and Chakra Meditation Yoga on physical, physiological and psycological parameter of the middle aged men. The subjects were selected from Sivananda Vashe yoga Center at Maha Sidha Yoga Center at Neelampur West at Madathukulam, Tirupur District. The subject's age was ranged from 30 to 49 years and the subjects were divided into three groups namely Maha Sidha Meditation Practice Group (MSMPG), Chakra Meditation Practice Group (CMPG), and Control Group (CG) and each group consisting of 15 subjects. The selected subjects were initially tested on the criterion variables used in this study and this was considered as the pretest. After assessing of the pretest, the subjects belonging to Maha Sidha Meditation Practice Group (MSMPG) and Chakra Meditation Practice Group (CMPG) were treated with yogic practices. As far as the subjects in Control Group (CG) were considered, they were not given any Chakra Meditation Practice. It was concluded that the 12 weeks of training practices showed the significant improvements in the Stress and Anxiety.


The IEEE754 Standard offers essentially two binary floating-point formats, binary32 and binary64, natively supported by current hardware. Whenever these precisions do not suffice, developers are restricted to arbitrary precision libraries, such as MPFR. These libraries however leave a gap in the mid-precision range (64 to 512 bits). Their very nature as object code to be linked in-prevents modern compilers from inlining the code or optimizing it e.g. with loop unrolling. We propose the libwidefloat software meant to fill this gap. It offers precisions from 64 through 512 bits. It supports all basic operations (+, -, ×, /, FMA, comparisons etc.) It is fully implemented in header files for automatic optimization.


By analyzing the current status and questions on the course of english course for Plant Protection,the methods for improving the teaching quality of this course were discussed in this paper.


We investigate the spin-sensitive distribution of electromagnetic (EM) field from a kind of defective inhomogeneous anisotropic metamaterial, with azimuthally distributed subwavelength rectangular holes within a distribution angle of Φ<2π. This structure supports the spin-orbit interaction in the optical angular momentum, induced by the Pancharatnam-Berry phase from the manipulation of the spin states of polarization. Spin-sensitive distributions of electric field intensity, spin states of polarization, and transverse energy flow in the transmitted EM field are investigated. Importance of this investigation and the possible applications are discussed.


We describe rates of nitrogen and silica concentration change during May–August 1983 and 1984 in southeastern Lake Michigan and compare those rates with measured plankton processes. Epilimnetic dissolved inorganic nitrogen depletion, compared with total phytoplankton demand, suggests that about 44% of the nitrogen demand is recycled. Epilimnetic diatom production, calculated from soluble silica depletion, is a relatively small fraction (< 20%) of total primary production, even when diatoms dominate. Sedimentation of epilimnetic diatom silica, compared with total silica depletion, suggests that a large portion (approximately 43%) of epilimnetic particulate silica sedimentation is due to nonliving diatoms.


A molecular field approximation which takes into account both the thermal Brownian rotation of the total magnetic moment of a ferromagnetic nanoparticle and thermal deviations of atomic magnetic moments from the direction of the total magnetic moment has been elaborated. It has been shown by the example of an uniaxial single-ion anisotropy of the second order that the different types of anisotropic superparamagnetic states can arise in such a nanoparticle depending on relationship between the anisotropy parameter (D > 0 or D 0). In particular, for the case of a relatively weak anisotropy the ellipsoidal superparamagnetic state, as it is called, appears when the vector of the total magnetic moments moves during its Brownian rotation over the surface of prolated (at D > 0 – the easy-axis anisotropy) or oblated (at D < 0 – the easy-plane anisotropy) ellipsoid of rotation. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The exhibition Sally Mann: A Thousand Crossings was the first major survey of this prominent artist―dubbed America's "Best Photographer" by Time magazine in 2001―to travel in the United States and France. Since the Corcoran Gallery of Art was placed under its stewardship, the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC acquired 25 photographs by Mann, making it one of the largest repositories of her photos in the country. The exhibition was on view at the National Gallery of Art from March 4 th...


This paper takes another look at the cost of traversing a binary tree using repeated splay-to-root. This was shown to cost O(n) (in rotations) by Tarjan [4] and later, in different ways, by others [1]. It would be interesting to know the minimal possible coefficient implied by the O(n) cost; call this coefficient β. In this paper we define a related coefficient α describing the cost of splay-to-root traversal on maximal (i.e., complete) binary trees, and show that β ≥ 2 +α. We give the first 3009 digits of α, including the decimal point, and show that every digit is correct. We make two conjectures: first, that β = 2 + α, and second, that α is irrational.


Objective To investigate the prevalence rate and influence factors of hypertension in the self-employee in Shenzhen. Methods Using the cluster sampling methods, 11514 cases randomly selected from the workers were surveyed. The data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 Statistical package. Results The total prevalence rate of hypertension in the self-employee(age 16—47 years) in Shenzhen was 6.5%, the prevalence rate in male was 9.3%, which was significantly higher than that for female (4.9%) (P<0.01). Hypertension was closely related to gender, age, family hypertension history, obesity, daily work duration, noise pollution, smoking, drinking, more salt and sweet foods et al. Conclusions Age, overweight, educational level, family hypertension history, noise pollution, sweet foods, daily work time are the major risk factors. Prevention of hypertension should start as early as possible.


Large-scale single-crystalline AlN nanotip arrays have been fabricated via a facile catalysis-free approach using AlCl3 powder and NH3 as starting materials. These nanotips exhibit an intense broad ultraviolet emission centered at 3.28 eV. The field emission features a notable electron current with a low turn-on field. The turn-on and threshold electric field are found to decrease substantially from 7.7 to 3.9 V/μm and 7.9 to 4.1 V/μm, respectively, while the estimated field enhancement factor increases from 483 to 1884 with increasing the ambient-temperature from room temperature to 573 K. The dependence of the photoluminescence and electron field emission with temperature and the possible mechanism involved has systematically been investigated and thus discussed.


The article analyzes the problematic issues of the beginning of pre-trial investigation, the order of application of Article 214 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Certain aspects of the procedure for filing a report of a crime and opening criminal proceedings are analyzed.The problematic issues of normative regulation of the beginning of pre-trial investigation are investigated. Proposals for possible improvement of the process of documenting crimes and criminal offenses are presented, taking into account the interests of the parties to criminal proceedings in the field of their protection and ensuring a full and impartial pre-trial investigation. The objective socio-economic reasons and the situation with the observance of human rights are analyzed, which significantly complicated, and in some cases made it impossible to conduct primary investigative actions in the territories not controlled by Ukraine due to the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the legislative acts adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine after February 24, 2022, primarily the provisions of the Law of Ukraine No. 2201-IX "On Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on Improving the Procedure for Criminal Proceedings under Martial Law". The author analyzes the peculiarities of the current regulatory framework for the initiation of investigative actions, identifies the dialectical links between the pre-war and current grounds for applying the provisions of criminal procedure legislation in the direction of restoring the violated right and bringing the perpetrators to statutory liability.The author analyzes certain laws of Ukraine and by-laws that entered into force after the full-scale Russian invasion, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law", Presidential Decree No. 64/2022 "On the Conduct of Martial Law in Ukraine" and others. In the context of the studied sources of law, the author also analyzes the peculiarities of application of the provisions of Articles 30 - 34, 38, 39, 41 - 44, 53 of the Constitution of Ukraine, which introduce temporary restrictions on the rights and legitimate interests of legal entities within the limits and to the extent necessary to ensure the possibility of introducing and implementing measures of the legal regime of martial law. The author's assessment of the criminogenic situation in Ukraine is presented, taking into account the difficulties, and in some cases the impossibility of timely and fully ensuring the implementation of the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and the maintenance of the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations (hereinafter - the URPTI) to restore violated human and civil rights in the temporarily occupied or liberated territories of Ukraine.


With regard to the importance of polychaete Perinereis nuntia in diet of shrimp broodstock, achieving its breeding and culture bio technique is an important goal in shrimp industry. For this purpose, usage of diets inducing the highest growth and the lowest mortality is of importance. The effect of four different dietary treatments including commercial shrimp dietBiomar, Lansy shrimp diet containing Spirulina micro algae, Enteromorpha green algae and Ulva green algae on growth and survival of this species was examined at 35 ppt salinity in present study. A number of 480 Polychaetes with average initial weight of 0.01 ± 0.002 g in four treatments and three replicates were fed the diets for three months. The results indicated significant effect of diet on final weight and survival of Polychaete. Treatments fed with commercial shrimp diet and diet containing Spirulina had higher final weight than treatments fed with Enteromorpha and Ulva algae (P<0.05). Treatments fed with Enteromorpha and Ulva algae had higher survival rates than other treatments (P<0.05). Regarding the high survival rate of treatments fed with Enteromorpha green algae and Ulva green algae and the very low weight gain difference of these two treatments with treatments fed with commercial shrimp diet and diet containing Spirulina, it is recommended to use Enteromorpha and Ulva green algae in raring Perinereis nuntia polychaete.


Objective: To identify the optimal treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture through multiple comparisons of gamma nail (GN), sliding hip screw (SHS), proximal femoral nail (PFN), proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA), percutaneous compression plate (PCCP), and Targon proximal femoral (Targon PF). Methods: We searched the Embase and PubMed databases in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was performed using the recommendation of the Cochrane Collaboration. All outcomes were assessed using odds ratio, standardized mean difference, and 95% confidence interval. The random-effects model was used to examine all the outcomes. Node-splitting analysis and the Brooks-Gelman-Rubin method were applied for consistency test and convergence assessment, respectively. The Aggregate Data Drug Information System was used for the statistical analysis. Results: In total, 31 eligible studies were included. The multiple comparisons indicated that PFNA for blood loss and non-union, PCCP for operative time and mortality, SHS for embolism, intraoperative fracture and later fracture, and Targon PF for reoperation and wound infection were the optimal treatments. Rank probability showed that SHS was the best option for blood loss, embolism, intraoperative fracture, and later fracture; and Targon PF, for operative time, mortality, non-union, reoperation, and wound infection. The subgroup analysis revealed that blood loss, cut-out incidence, and wound infection were lowest and the operative time was shortest with the PFN. Conclusion: No optimal internal fixation treatment was identified for femoral intertrochanteric fracture, but PFN may be a better treatment option for unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.