netic pathology of the poor and delinquent. Learning-disability proponents believed that by providing additional services for the lower classes, social and economic failure could be reduced. In the final segment of his book, Carrier explains the political factors that caused the learning-disability category to be championed by the middle class. By citing extensive congressional committee hearings of the late 1960s, Carrier supports the contention that because middle-class parents had the values and attitudes of the intact social order, many of them found this category palatable, even inviting. Their low-achieving children would be able to receive additional educational resources, but escape the special educationlabels of mental retardation and emotional disturbance that the middle class has long associated with incompetence and failure. Carrier attempts to show that other groups, such as educational psychologists and special education


To enhance the spin–orbit interaction in graphene by a proximity effect without compromising the quasi-free-standing dispersion of the Dirac cones means balancing the opposing demands for strong and weak graphene–substrate interaction. So far, only the intercalation of Au under graphene/Ni(1 1 1) has proven successful, which was unexpected since graphene prefers a large separation (∼3.3 Å) from a Au monolayer in equilibrium. Here, we investigate this system and find the solution in a nanoscale effect. We reveal that the Au largely intercalates as nanoclusters. Our density functional theory calculations show that the graphene is periodically stapled to the Ni substrate, and this attraction presses graphene and Au nanoclusters together. This, in turn, causes a Rashba effect of the giant magnitude observed in experiment. Our findings show that nanopatterning of the substrate can be efficiently used for engineering of spin–orbit effects in graphene.


To further understand the ecologic restoration level after water supplying,the authors studied vegetation coverage(Fv)in the water supply area of the lower reaches of the Tarim River.Correlation equation and two-dimensional scatter plot between Fv and vegetation index(VI) could be obtained based on MODIS data by constructing a variety of VIs in combination with measured Fvs,and the value of Fv could be figured out based on the relevant equation.The results show that there exist good correlations between the VIs such as NDVI,MSAVI,SAVI and EVI and Fvs on the basis of MODIS data.With these VIs,the inversion accuracy of the Fvs in the order from higher to lower is NDVI,EVI,MSAVI and SAVI.The authors suggest using MODIS data to monitor vegetation change in the arid desert area,with the optimal choice of VI being NDVI.


Brucellosis is a highly contagious bacterial disease of both animals and humans. Infection of the female reproductive tract may result in abortion. The most common route of transmission is thought to be oral as a result of licking or ingestion of infected fetuses, placentas, fetal fluids, or vaginal exudates. Such transmission can be exacerbated under conditions that artificially congregate infected and susceptible animals, such as winter feedgrounds. A cooperative state/federal brucellosis eradication program began in 1934 with the goal of eliminating brucellosis from the United States by the end of 1998. The presence of brucellosis in wildlife creates a conflict with this goal. Elimination of brucellosis from the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) will not be easy. Over 100,000 elk and more than 3,000 bison inhabit the GYA. The rate of seropositivity can be as high as 88 % in bison and 67% in elk using winter feedgrounds. Several management alternatives bear consideration in addressing the conflict between potentially infected wildlife and susceptible cattle. The Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) has vaccinated thousands of elk on feedgrounds with a reduced-dose B. abortus strain 19 vaccine delivered remotely by biobullet. However, eradication of brucellosis in elk and bison will probably require a combination of several management strategies. K?3ST~RN STA TES AND PROV1IVCES DEER AND ELK WORKSHOP 5:11-21


The LEGO®-Scrum simulation-based training (SBT) described here shows how LEGO® bricks can help professionals learn first-hand about Scrum methodology, an Agile approach to software development projects. The chapter's objectives are 1) to present the modalities of the LEGO®-Scrum SBT, 2) to demonstrate how LEGO® bricks can help professionals learn, first-hand, about Scrum, and 3) to illustrate how this learning can be relevant and impactful for participants. Based on observations, interviews, and a data collection by questionnaire carried out with 198 participants, the proposed SBT appears to provide a significant, relevant, and valuable learning experience. In addition, four experienced Scrum masters and IT project managers, who played key roles in the SBT, argued that the LEGO®-Scrum SBT provides a realistic representation of real-world Scrum projects; that it is dynamic, complex, challenging, and motivating; and that participants' learning is evocative and relevant, since they learn by doing.


Previous studies have uncovered the key role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various diseases, including cancer. However, the growth‐inhibitory effects of circRNAs on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been completely elucidated. This study characterized a newly identified circRNA derived from exons 9–13 of TNRC6B (named circ‐TNRC6B). The expression of circ‐TNRC6B in ESCC tissues was markedly downregulated when compared to that in non‐tumor tissues. In 53 ESCC cases, circ‐TNRC6B expression was negatively correlated with the T stage. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that circ‐TNRC6B upregulation was an independent protective factor for ESCC patients' prognosis. Overexpression and knockdown functional experiments demonstrated that circ‐TNRC6B inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. RNA immunoprecipitation and dual‐luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that circ‐TNRC6B sponges oncogenic miR‐452‐5p to upregulate the expression and activity of DAG1. Treatment with miR‐452‐5p inhibitor partially reversed the circ‐TNRC6B‐induced changes in the biological behavior of ESCC cells. These findings demonstrated that circ‐TNRC6B exerts a tumor‐suppressing effect in ESCC through the miR‐452‐5p/DAG1 axis. Thus, circ‐TNRC6B is a potential prognostic biomarker for the clinical management of ESCC.


In view of the characteristics of the ambient circumstances,the real-time monitoring of blasting vibration was carried out in a cutting excavation.First,the attenuation rule of blasting seismic wave in this area was obtained by regression analysis of measured data,and the safe distance of regular blasting is determined as 27 m.Then,in the case of regular blasting in the range of18~27 m from buildings doing not meet safety requirements,a solution of in-hole millisecond delay detonation combining with decoupled charging was proposed.And the results of implementation showed that by using this method the desired effects were achieved,such as effectively controlling peak velocity of blasting vibration,improving efficiency of drilling and shipment.The results may provide a basis for blasting vibration control in complex environment.


The invention discloses ginger oil nano emulsion and a preparation method of the ginger oil nano emulsion. The ginger oil nano emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials: ginger oil, an emulsifying agent and de-ionized water, wherein the mass ratio of the ginger oil to the emulsifying agent to the de-ionized water is (80 to 100):(90 to 110) to 1000; the emulsifying agent is starch sodium octenylsuccinate; the ginger oil is a mixture of ginger essential oil and ginger oil resin at the mass ratio of 1 to 1. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, ginger power is extracted through supercritical CO2 and is processed to obtain the ginger oil; after the ginger oil, the starch sodium octenylsuccinate and the de-ionized water are sheared and mixed to obtain crude emulsion; the crude emulsion is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain the ginger oil nano emulsion. The ginger oil nano emulsion disclosed by the invention has a relatively good antibacterial capability, and can be used as a potential food antibacterial agent or emulsifying essence to be applied to the field of foods.


Polyethylene glycol takes both transparent and translucent phases during the phase transition process at around room temperature. This bistability seems useful to create optical devices including 3D displays and tunable random lasers. These devices, however, require a spot-heating technique that controls the phase of each microelement. Self-heating of microelements is achievable if the electric conductivity of the polyethylene glycol is enhanced by the dissolution of alkaline halide salts.


An optimization design model with frequency constraints was proposed in the process of ship structure design.A structural design case of container ship stern was used to demonstrate the proposed model.Different optimization schemes were used to find a more scientific solution.In the condition of holding the engineering cost in the line,the optimum structure has not only better frequency reserve,but also more reasonable architectural distribution.


The purpose of this study was to investigate how herb extracts may improve blood circulation. Twenty-six extracts from nine different herbs (marjoram, lavender, dill, rosemary, hyssop, rose, lemon balm, pineapple sage, and echinacea) were evaluated for their anti-hypertensive effects via angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. Their cholesterol-lowering effects via hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibition and their fibrinolytic activity via fibrin-plate method were also evaluated. Both water extraction of rose flowers and 70% EtOH extraction of pineapple sage leaves effectively reduced the ACE activity with inhibition rates of 133.8% and 91.2%, respectively. Similarly, both water and 70% EtOH extracts of rose flowers strongly inhibited the enzymatic activity of HMG-CoA reductase by 48.9% and 80.5%, respectively. Water and 70% EtOH extracts of rose flowers also showed relatively high fibrinolytic activity. Based on these observations, rose flower extracts can be developed as a functional tool for use in the improvement of blood circulation.


Abstract The identity and characteristics of users of existing climate predictions (monthly and seasonal) as inputs to decision making am described. Subscribers to the NOAA Climate Analysis Center's Monthly and Seasonal Weather Outlook (MSWO) are surveyed by questionnaire to identify their industry types, general levels of climate-information use, and geographic locations. Characteristics of subscribers who have indicated that they do use the predictions in decision making, as opposed to those who do not, are determined using stepwise discriminant analysis. It is found that agricultural activities represent the largest group of subscribers, whereas energy producers and distributors represent the largest group of systematic users of the climate predictions. Maps showing the distribution of the three leading categories of respondents (agriculture, energy, and government and education) are presented to show where certain types of subscribers are located and where they most often apply the predictions. The an...


B. Q., female, aged 11 years, was admitted to the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, on April 21, 1913. under the care of Mr. Edred M. Corner, to whom we are indebted for permission to publish the case. History.-This was as follows : In September, 1912, a small pimple appeared on the nose. This gradually became larger, and the surrounding skin was discoloured. Dr. B. H. Palmer, of Ramsgate, to whom we are indebted for the history of the case, notes that at this time there was no ulceration present. This occurred later, and the lesion gradually spread. The child constantly picked off the scabs which formed, and so the ulcer became infected. Dr. Palmer treated the case as one of lupus vulgaris, but owing to the difficulty in making a definite diagnosis, he gave the patient potassium iodide as well. Previous Illnesses.-The child had had measles, scarlet fever, and pneumonia. AND


The concentration of polyamine and the relationship between the concentration of PA and cold resistance were analysed during the cold stress in the cotyledons and hypocotyls of young spring radishes. The concentration of PUT was increased during the cold stress in the cotyledons and the concentration of PUT and SPD was changed significantly all the stress time. From the results, we suggested that PUT and SPD were synthesized against cold stress or separated from the bound PA during the cold stress. But, the concentration of SPM was not significantly changed during the cold stress. Only SPD existed in the control hypocotyls. The concentration of SPD was increased during the cold stress, but was decreased dramatically during continusly cold stress. The reactivity against stress of hypocotyls was generally more sensitive during the cold treatment than that of the cotyledons because of the lower concentration of PA in the hypocotyls. PUT and SPD were responsible for the resistance of cold stress in the cotyledons and PA did not play an important role on the resistance of cold stress in the hypocotyls. In this study we suggest that PUT and SPD were responsible for the increase of the resistance against the cold stress.


A parallelised Chebyschev accelerated over-relaxation algorithm is developed for simulating the few electron problem inhigh magnetic fields. A novel form of resonant tunnelling is proposed to occur through a single potential barrier due to the confining potential provided to one electron by a following electron in quasi-one dimensional current flow.


The paper discusses the computational problems which arise when on-body equal pressure KUvta condition is applied in Hess' panel metnod at the trailing edge to calculate lift and surface pressures on three-dimensional cofigurationS. There results a set of K quadratically nonlinear equations which can have 2k possible real solutions, where K is the number of lifting strips. Identifying, isolating and obtaining the physically relevant real solution from among this population of real solutions appears to be a difficult task both mathematically and computationally. Investigations in these directions might aid in a more .


We have determined the optical, mechanical, and lattice dynamic features of the zinc-blende GaSb compound. It has been investigated how temperature affects longitudinal and transversal sound velocities, reflectivity, phonon frequencies, micro-hardness, and transverse effective charge. Additionally, the dependences of the effective charge, ionicity, bending, stretching force constants, susceptibility, Cauchy, and Born ratios on the temperature of zinc-blende GaSb material, have been calculated. The pseudo-potential method (EPM) has been used to perform the computations in this paper. Comparative analysis with the existing experiment and other theoretical calculations reveals a respectable degree of agreement.


Aims and objective: This article seeks to review the experience of registered nurses providing care for dementia patients including theoretical perspectives that have been used to provide care for people with dementia. Background: Nurses have a vital role in providing special and personalized care for people with dementia and also their family members. However, there is little knowledge about the experiences of nurses providing care for people with dementia in Thailand. Design: An integrative literature review. Method: This literature review of 19 articles was undertaken to encapsulate what research has done in the experience of nurses providing care for people with dementia. Results: Four themes related to the nurses' experiences of providing care for people with dementia included encountering with painful emotions, working under severe conditions, meeting holistic care needs, and experiencing inadequate knowledge. Factors contributing to appropriate care for people with dementia and barriers to meet the optimal care were identified in this article. Conclusion: Nurses experienced struggling with painful emotions and working under difficult circumstances and there was the need for meeting spiritual care needs of patients. Nurses identified that a lack of knowledge of dementia and the need for improved effective communication when they provided care for a group of these patients and their family members. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurses seek to understand nurses' experiences of providing care for people with dementia may help them to utilize positive care experiences to practice. Those nurses should consider to some experiences that may be factors to achieve and hinder the optimal care.


Although the fixity of identity constitutes a basis for theory in Identity Politics, the debate on identity as pre-political seems to find its limits when confronted with discourses in feminism, technology and ecological thought. This paper will explore a vision of identity that enhances the way we penetrate political conflicts, by exploring visions of humanity inspired by science fiction (SF). I believe that exploring figures and creatures in Fiction/SF makes it possible to interrogate theoretical categories of identity; that is, these forms of art enhance our imagination, contest boundaries/categories, transform our understanding and perceptions of theworld/realities/subjectivities, and, more specifically, foster how we enter and conceptualize political conflicts and concepts. In this piece, my aim is to consider illustrationsof humanness as depicted in Mamoru Oshii's film Ghost in the shell (1995). Indeed, SF problematizes and embraces a dynamic vision of humanity where body and mind are intermeshed. Moreover, when technology stains our conception of a pure humanity – destroying the human capacity to reproduce and to die – we shall see that the protagonist in Ghost in the shell (Heretofore Ghosts) seems to discover the potential to mingle both cyborgs/technology and humanness.


The buffer 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) at 15 mM has been substituted for sodium bicarbonate in the protein-free medium used for the growth of LM mouse fibroblasts. Ce...


An automated detection and recognition system is described for use with x-ray images of luggage inspection systems. The development goal was to achieve an automated analysis which may support operator-based control of luggage. The focus of attention lies on the recognition and checking of specified objects to which the system has been adapted during a training phase. The system trained so far concentrates on the detection of detonators and fire- arms. The segmentation gives various objects from which several features are extracted. These features are presented to a classifier which assigns the objects to predetermined categories. For classification a specially trained neural network (multilayer perceptron) is used. For detection of weapons first performance data are available. Detection of detonators is in the laboratory stage and shown first results.


ABSTRACT The prion protein (PrP) is composed of two major domains of similar size. The structured C-terminal domain contains three alpha-helical regions and a short two-stranded beta-sheet, while the N-terminal domain is intrinsically disordered. The analysis of PrP mutants with deletions in the C-terminal globular domain provided the first hint that intrinsically disordered domains are inefficiently transported into the endoplasmic reticulum through the Sec61 translocon. Interestingly, C-terminally truncated PrP mutants have been linked to inherited prion disease in humans and are characterized by inefficient ER import and the formation of neurotoxic PrP conformers. In a recent study we found that the Sec61 translocon in eukaryotic cells as well as the SecY translocon in bacteria is inherently deficient in translocating intrinsically disordered proteins. Moreover, our results suggest that translocon-associated components in eukaryotic cells enable the Sec61 complex to transport secretory proteins with extended unstructured domains such as PrP and shadoo.


Introduction: Antimicrobial packaging is a novel preservation technology that is designed base on releaseing of active agents incorporated with the packaging polymer into the packaged food or the surrounding environment for improveing the quality and food safety. Zein, water insoluble proteinof cornof corn, reported to be thermoplastic material with high tensile strength, excellent hydrophobic film, biodegradability.Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Z) is a thyme-like plant belonging to the Laminaceae family that geographically grows wild in central and southern parts of Iran. Antimicrobial activity of Z essential oil (ZEO) has been successfully tested against foodborne pathogens. Most of the studies on antimicrobial packaging mainly focused on the initial screening of newly developed films for ZEO in laboratory media and quantifying the bacterial reductions obtained during storage for different types of packaged food products. it is really important to know the variation in antibacterial activity of the agents when incorporated into the packaging film from its original activity in order to establish the levels that need to be incorporated for effective bacteria inhibition, hence The aims of the present study were to investigate the antimicrobial potential of ZEO incorporated zein film against pathogenic microorganisms inoculated in olivier saladto provide evidence of their applicability in the design of active food packaging systems.
Materials and method: Z was collected in the Shiraz province of Iran and extected by using clevenger type apparatus. Chemical composition ZEO was analyzed by gas chromatography.Antibacterial activity of ZEO was studied in the liquid (direct contact) and solid media (vapour phase) against Listeriainnocua and Escherchia coli . Zein powder was dissolved in a hydro alcoholic solution to obtain 16% (w/w) films forming solutions. The solution was stirred for at 80 °C using a magnetic stirrer hotplate. Glycerol (15%) was added to the solution and stirred again for 8 min at 30°Cm, then ZEO was added to the polymer solutions in 5% and 10% with respect to polymer content and stirred for 8 min. Films were obtained by casting, the film forming solutions were extended over it using an extension bar and introduced in a drying tunnel equipped with a heat of 2500 W during 20 min. Control zein films were prepared without active agent. To evaluate the efficacy of developed zein films was tested against two bacteria. Prior to the experiment, a loop of each strain was transferred to 10 ml of TSB and incubated at 37 ˚C for 18 h to obtain early stationary phase cells and100 µl of microorganism were inoculated into tubes with 10 ml of TSB. The tubes were then incubated at 37 °C for 18 h and 4 °C for 5 days. As control, zein film without active agent was also used in every experiment. Antibacterial activity of zein films containing 10% ZEO were evaluaterd for packaing of olivier salad as a real food model for 6 days, by performing serial dilutions with peptone and subsequent plating in Palcam Listeria Selective Agar and Brilliant Green Agar for ListeriainnocuaandEscherchia colirespectively. Plates were incubated at 37 °C for 48 hours.
Results and Discussion: GC–MS analysis showed thatthe major compound of ZEO was carvacrol (45.22%). The antimicrobial effects of ZEO in the vapor phase against Escherchia coliand Listeriainnocuaby using the disk diffusion methodshowed that the25 µg of ZEO produced a visible decrease in microbial density retraction zone (+). No inhibition was observed with the addition of lower amounts of the antimicrobial agents, therefore 25 µg was the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).Activezein films containing 5% ZEOweren't able to inhibit the growth of the two bacteria in the vapour pase.. When the concentrations of ZEO was increased to 10%, only active films with a diameter of 80 mm (50.24 cm2)provided a retraction zone (+) against Listeriainnocuaand E. coli. These values were indicative that incorporation of the agent in the zein films produced weaker vapor phase inhibition than its incorporation in the paper disk.The results of this studied showedthat films with 5% ZEO caused a growth reduction of 1.17 log againstListeriainnocuaand 1.14 log against Escherchia coli, while 10% ZEO produced reductions of 2.16 and 2.64 log against Listeriainnocua, Escherchia colirespectively. There was no significantdifference betweenlog reduction values of ZEO incorporated in zein films against Listeria innocuaand Escherchia coli. And also in the liquid media with increasing the concentration of ZEO in zein films, the log reduction values were increased against both bactreia. Despite of the excellent antibactrerial effect of ZEO in zein films in direct contact, bio active zein films were not effective enough for reducing the contamination of packaged Olivier.


The attitude towards environmental issues can represent a key differentiating factor among countries' performance levels, considering the tight competitive climate. On its way to become a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy, through social and economic integration, EU continues to face great proportion of social imbalances and wider inequalities.


Constructing green corporate culture is useful for green management that is necessary choice in pressure of environment.This paper analyzes effect of green corporate culture on enterprise performance based on business and logistics enterprises in order to provide appropriate support and decision-making basis.The authors find that direct relationship between green corporate culture and performance is not significant,while there is significant indirect relationship of their.So enterprises should promote construct green corporate culture.


Diabetes mellitus and obesity are major risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality [1]. According to the Diabetes Fact Sheet in Korea 2013, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults 30 years older was 12.4% and 44.4% of diabetic patients were overweight or obese (i.e., a mean body mass index [BMI] ≥25.0 kg/m2) and the awareness rate of diabetes was 72% in 2011. Ha and Kim [2] reported that the prevalence of diabetes in Korea is increasingly shifting to younger and obese people. However, there have been few studies of the body mass characteristics of type 2 diabetes in Korea.


A precursor to the L-to-H transition is identified in magnetic fluctuations of the ASDEX H-mode discharges which are initiated without a sawtooth oscillation. This precursor is the m = 4,n = 1 mode which is uncoupled with the m = 1,n = 1 internal mode. This precursor appears also near the edge localized mode and H-to-L transition. The behavior in time of the amplitude suggests that these transitions are governed, not by the edge electron temperature, but by the edge current density.


Complexes of n-tetradecylammonium-beidellite with n-alkanols $${\rm{(n - }}{{\rm{C}}_{{\rm{14}}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{29}}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{+}}{\rm{)_{{\rm{0,44}}}(n - C_{{\rm{x}}}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{2x}}}}{\rm{+}}{}_{\rm{1}}{\rm{OH) }}{}_{{\rm{1,56}}}{{\rm{\{ M}}{{\rm{g}}_{{\rm{0,28}}}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{{\rm{1,81}}}}{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{{\rm{3,56}}}}{\rm{Al}}{}_{{\rm{0,44}}}{\rm{O_{{10\}} }}}^{{\rm{0,44 - }}}}$$ (x = 8–22) have been prepared and characterized by their basal spacings and by measurements of the specific heat cp.The compounds undergo a series of reversible phase transitions $${\beta _1} \rightleftharpoons...\rightleftharpoons{\beta_i}\rightleftharpoons...\rightleftharpoons{\beta_\omega}\rightleftharpoons{\alpha_1}...\rightleftharpoons{\alpha_j}$$ with rising temperature. The maximum number ω of β-phases depends upon the chain lengths and increases from 1 with decanol to 6 with docosanol. Due to the evaporation of alkanol the number of χ-phases is not yet established in all details.The β-transitions correspond to conformational changes of the alkyl chains via rotational isomerisation, especially kink formation. The β-phases become unstable if the kink concentration exceeds 0,14 kinks/-CH2-. The β/α-transition is probably caused by a rearrangement into special gauche-block structures.


This paper purports to analyze the concepts of "mechanical solidarity" and "organic solidarity", coined by Durkheim in his first works, through the study of the theoretical and interpretative debates that constitute the basis of a vast, specialized literature, in order to understand the reasons why he abandoned such concepts in the course of his carrier. The paper intends to investigate whether such "absence" is the result of a theoretical review or simply a pragmatic solution, in which case such interpretive keys would be already presupposed by the author.


This is one of a series of publications which attempt to provide revised census and vital statistics data for the provinces of Estonia to replace the flawed data that were a product of the Soviet era. "The volume presents vital and census statistics for Jogeva county 1965-1990. Vital statistics include those indicators which could be subjected to recalculation resulting in consistent time series covering the whole period. All data are consistent with the previously recalculated Estonian county population age structures. Regarding census statistics the 1989 microdata is newly processed to produce a set of regional standard tabulations covering all municipalities in an equal amount. The data for earlier censuses follows the same standard set providing all the comparable data and discarding non-comparable tabulations.... In addition to tables the volume discusses the relevant statistical concepts and definitions administrative transfers as well as presents a short review on Jogevamaa population development. The volume is accompanied with the diskette including a series of computerised graphs to illustrate the main features of the county population." (EXCERPT) (SUMMARY IN ENG)


5G networks have been designed to support advanced and demanding services in critical verticals or industries such as connected and automated driving. Supporting advanced Vehicle to Everything (V2X) services may require installing Multi-access/Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) platforms that reduce the latency and the traffic load on the transport and core networks by deploying services and computing resources closer to the edge of networks. 3GPP and ETSI indicate that the MEC can be installed on the transport network at different locations between the base station and the core network. The specific MEC location has important technical and business implications. This has also strong implications on the dimensioning of the link capacity of the 5G transport network. In this context, this paper studies the link capacity demand that supporting advanced V2X services generate on the 5G transport network depending on the MEC location in the transport network. The paper considers gradual 5G deployments going from 5G Non-Stand-Alone (NSA) networks relying on the 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network to 5G Stand-Alone (SA) deployments with a 5G Core Network. In addition, the paper evaluates the processing capabilities necessary to install V2X Application Servers (AS) at MEC nodes. The results show that it can be challenging for 5G NSA networks to support scaling V2X services, while 5G SA networks will require nonnegligible link capacities and significant MEC processing and computing power as MEC nodes are located closer to the core network and the vehicular traffic increases. These results call for careful dimensioning of the transport network and an optimized MEC location to support V2X services without starving other 5G services.


Starting from certain inequalities for hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, we obtain some general inequalities for functions and their inverses. As applications, refinements and new inequalities for hyperbolic and trigonometric functions are pointed out. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 26A06, 26D05, 26D99.


This paper firstly studies the political and economic determinants of U.S.average tariff rate to Chinese export,especially the impacts of U.S.financial crisis since 1992 based on endogenous policy theory.The paper finds that unemployment rate,ruling party and financial crisis in Unit-ed States present significantly positive effects,and significantly negative effect from average hourly earning.Furthermore,the short-term trend of U.S.average tariff rate to Chinese export is forecasted there.The result indicates that spread of U.S.financial crisis would induce sustained rise of average tariff rate during 2009 Q1 to 2009 Q4.To avoid the same aftereffect of U.S.《Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act》 in 1930,this paper makes some suggestions to prevent China and the U.S.economies'further decline under the influence of financial tsunami and trade barriers.


A mathematical model was developed to investigate the one-dimensional transonic flow of two-component gas mixture with spontaneous condensation.With the model a numerical simulation was performed for the two-component condensable gas mixture to obtain the liquid parameter distribution along the separator,which agreed with the experimental data from literatures.The model was extend to the simulation of more complicated supersonic separator to calculate the flow parameters and their distributions of two-component condensable gas mixture,which revealed the change rules of main flow parameters in one-dimensional supersonic separator.


The chain of the propylene derivatives and the consumption structure of the propylene were introduced briefly. The production, the application, the consumption structure and of the main propylene derivatives, such as polypropylene, propylene oxide, acrylonitrile, butyl octyl alcohol, phenol / acetone, EPR etc., were especially introduced. The supply-demand of propylene derivatives was analyzed, and the supply and demand situation of these propylene derivatives in the future were forecasted.


Milk and milk products are daily essentials of life and an important part of a balanced diet. It is brought home to us through the efforts of people working in dairy farms who work in difficult conditions to make this possible. In India, dairying is one of the oldest occupations providing a means of livelihood to many, yet the work conditions of the dairy farmers in commercial setups is poor as this falls in the unorganized sector. They work long and hard every day of the year in unsuitable work environment, exposing them to various health problems, accidents and injuries. The present study was undertaken to assess various issues related to work environment in the dairy farms in terms of workplace layout, noise levels, ventilation, lighting, thermal factors, odour and cleanliness. Six dairy farms were chosen for the investigation. Purposive sampling technique was used to select sixty dairy workers (10 from each dairy) and six dairy owners to gain insight into the facilities provided to the employees. The activities performed by the dairy workers ranged from fodder collection, milking, chaffing the fodder, mixing green fodder with roughage, feeding the animals, providing water to animals to cleaning of animal shed, washing and grooming animals. Dairy farming involved strenuous activities as the workers adopted postures like bending and squatting for milking animals, collecting dung and cleaning animal sheds for long hours which increased the static muscular effort resulting in physiological cost and low productivity. It is the responsibility of the employer to provide a safe workplace and duty of the employee to follow the safety rules. A safe and healthy work environment will not only enhance productivity of the employees but also improve goodwill and profit.


Experiments for differential interferometry were conducted over sixteen months using corner reflectors (CRs). From eleven scenes acquired during the period, four high-quality interferograms are produced. Using CRs as ground reference points, baselines are estimated. Referring to the digital elevation model (DEM), topographic effects are removed. Interferometric features (coherency and differential phase) are analyzed for typical land surface types; i.e. forest, urban, residential, paddy and farm.


From the passengers' psychological considerations concerning transportation,and on the basis of minimum transfers,this paper establishes the optimal model of Luoyang public transportation routes.


Different parts of Tetracera indica Merr. have been claimed by the folk medicine practitioners to have effectiveness in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and anti-inflammatory related diseases. In Malaysian traditional medicine system, the leaves are considered to lessen high blood pressure, diabetes and high fevers. Powdered leaves of T. indica were macerated with methanol for 72 h and then concentrated methanol extract was subjected to column chromatography (silica gel and sephadex LH 20) to afford three flavonoids (MN1, MN2, and MN5). MN 3 and MN4 were purchased for SAR study. Their structures were elucidated through the interpretation of spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, UV and MS). All compounds were further evaluated for antioxidant activities using rapid test by dot blot, DPPH and xanthine oxidase inhibitory assays. Compounds showed an antioxidant activity through dot blot, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical) and low inhibitory effect of xanthine oxidase. Among all five compounds, the MN5 showed the most potent SC50 (46.61) activity in rapid test by dot blot, DPPH, meanwhile MN1, MN4 and MN5 showed low inhibition of xanthine oxidase inhibitory assay. The results might be encouraging in future molecular studies, which could ultimately lead to better understanding the biological mechanism of action due to these compounds.
Keywords: Tetracera indica Merr., phytoconstituents, antioxidant activities; DPPH, dot blot, xanthine oxidase inhibitory assay


This paper aims to design and implement an application usage behaviour analytics system to produce dynamic bundles personalized to each customer. A H2O Deep Learning model was first built to predict the list of products that are most likely to be reordered by each customer, on the basis of which bundle combinations were framed. The model was found to have an accuracy score of 83.04, a precision score of 84.7 and a recall score of 96.31. The products comprising each customer's bundle were determined by a 3:1 ratio of products that the customer is most expected to purchase to the products that are less popular. This implementation starts with building a data lineage and catalog from multiple data sources with persistent data collected from transactions and product catalogs which was then used to identify, model, analyze behavioral patterns and collect insights in order to build the prediction model. This method of recommendation attempts to solve the cold-start effect of new products and to eliminate the popularity bias in bundle recommendation systems by producing personalized dynamic bundles in such a way that it improves the sales of unpopular products while also contributing to overall customer satisfaction. The technical stack that was used for implementing this idea includes Apache Spark, Mongodb Atlas and Apache H2O.


Nanofluids are suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, a new challenge for thermal sciences providedby nanotechnology. Nanofluids have unique features different from conventional solid-liquid mixtures inwhich mm or μm sized particles of metals and non-metals are dispersed.At this research adding of small weight percent of Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) for weight percent of (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4wt.%) to pure water as energy storage in different industrial applications ,which gave us different behavior, adding 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4wt,% gave low temperature gradient than the pure water, while 0.3 wt.% gave greater temperature gradient than pure water which is desired.


Calculate and analysis the climate resources of the Mianzhu County,Shifang County,Muguaping and Fengyi Towns based on the ground climate data.As a result,the summer is the best touristseason at the foot of the Jiuding Mt.The best period of the east hillside is May,June,July,August and September and the best period of the west hillside is July,August and September.The winter is cold in both sides of the mountain and no intense heat all the year,so the whole mountain is very suited to develop a tour to go to swmmer house.


This descriptive research has as objectives a) to investigate the origin and use of the information for the postgraduates in library science; b) to compare the results with two models of information search. The method used is qualitative, in which the questionnaire was the instrument used for the compilation of information; the tool was applied in the period 2006-2012. Some conclusions are: a) the information sources of postgraduates students are tangible and intangible, b) the approach to the models studied were only partially.


This accessible 50-page supplement for teaching SPSS to beginning students is compatible with this textbook and comes complete with data sets on disk. The supplement is available separately or it can be shrink-wrapped with this textbook.


This paper tries to explore the aesthetic beauty of William Wordsworth's poem'I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud'from the perspectives of theme,sound,imagery and rhetoric.


Metal materials casting is influenced favorably under the mechanical vibrations influence applied over the liquid alloy bath. Vibrations producing methods may be different, by using mechanical vibrations, or pneumatic, hydraulic or electrical. The mechanical vibrations in the particular case we've studied are obtained by means of an element that is in translation for a wide range of forces and frequencies up to 75 Hz. The aluminum-silicone and aluminum-copper alloys are among the most used nonferrous cast alloys. The present study (paper) presents the main phenomena occurring under the mechanical vibrations influence over the alloys especially the dendrites break and the superficial strain influence over the germinate particles.


The paper presents the sketch and the functioning principle of the rotating volumetric pump. The paper presents a mathematical model that establishes the coordinates (xi, yi) of the outline of a profiled rotor. A software that computes these coordinates is developed for a series of rotor dimensions. Based on these coordinates, the 3D model of the rotor is built using the software package CATIA V5. An appropriate post-processor generates a NC Code program written in ISO language, in order to manufacture the rotor on a vertical CNC center. Finally, the operation sheet regarding the design and manufacturing of the profiled rotor is presented. The demonstration model of the profiled rotor will integrate the construction of a rotating volumetric pump.


Counterflow cooling towers in many large petrochemical plants, refineries and power plants throughout the world were built 10 to 15 years ago and still use heat transfer techniques that are over 50 years old. When cooling towers were first developed, the concept was to break the water into small droplets and have them fall downward through wood splash bars. The bars were of a sufficient height to have the entering hot water droplets cooled adequately at the cold water basin level to approximately the required cold water temperature. However, there was still some residual heat left within the water droplets. Over the years improvements in the mechanical equipment and structural designs were made, but the basic water splash droplet concept continued. As water flow requirements increased, so did the height and size of the cooling towers to accommodate these new requirements. Listed are the various internal elements of the modern counterflow cooling tower and their engineered state-of-the-art upgrading capabilities compared to the old fashioned methods.


Meloidogyne enterolobii is an emerging pathogen in Brazil, considered highly destructive to tomato. Due to the lack of cultivars resistant to this nematode, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma spp. strains on the promotion of tomato growth and biological control of M. enterolobii populations. The use of eight strains from the CENARGEN collection and three formulated products at a concentration of 1.43 × 106 conidia ml−1 significantly increased the fresh weight of roots compared to control plants inoculated only with nematodes. These Trichoderma strains, except CEN316, also promoted a significant increase in the number of nematodes and in the reproduction factor (RF). With the increase of spore concentration (1 × 108 conidia ml−1) in the second assay, the inoculation of nematode or fungi plus nematode promoted an increase in the fresh weight of roots, except in treatments CEN162, CEN287, UFT 201, and CEN287 + nematodes, which maintained the fresh weight of roots equal to the control without nematodes. None of the spore concentrations (1.43 × 106 and 1 × 108 ml−1) of different Trichoderma spp. strains influenced the plant height (45 and 90 days after nematode inoculation) or the dry plant weight 90 and 110 days after nematode inoculation, respectively. However, there was a positive and significant correlation between RF and fresh root weight, eggs (g root)−1 and total eggs, in the two doses. Furthermore, the Trichoderma spp. strains did not result in control of M. enterolobii under glasshouse conditions after a complete life cycle of the tomato plant: high nematode infection was observed in both doses of the fungi, including in treatments with the commercial formulations.


In this article, Michel Foucault's famous concept of heterotopia is used to demonstrate how the essential literary topic of the cafe in Slovene and Croatian modernist literature can be linked to closed and open semantic spaces. Milutin Cihlar-Nehajev, for example, followed the literary tradition of Viennese fin de siecle-literature and conceptualized the cafe as a heterotopia in opposition to its surroundings. In Ivan Cankar's short stories ("Vinjete") and in Artur Grado's essay "Mlada Hrvatska", on the other hand, the cafe is not able to become a heterotopia due to its manifold contacts with the social sphere outside.


mencement of the ninth month, for a week before she was seen by A.n dical.man, had suffered from fever which turned out to be r aittent. On each of the evenings of October 26th and 27tb, 1880, she took fifteen grains of quinine by prescription. I saw her, for the first time, on the 28th, when the first stage of labour was going on, she having spent an uneasy night, and the membranes having ruptured between five and six A.m. The labour finished in the evening. Here the temperature had been raised for a week without exciting pains, which, however, followed the administration of quinine. In this case there was no history of chronic ailment or miscarriage. Before detailing the next case I may state that, up to this point, I agree with Schrdder in his view that quinine was but a " problematic " oxytocic. CASE II is of a much more interesting character; a pluripara, aged 29, having never miscarried, very thin, with a history of old spinal (bone) disease, and loss of power in the limbs, the latter being permanent. She hadl just recovered from a severe nasal catarrh and facial neuralgia-the description of the latter suggesting "lightning pains." I examined for, and found the patellar reflex well marked in both limbs. Sight was defective, and there was commencing optic atrophy. Six grains of quinine were given for neuralgia, about the middle of January, 1881, and were followed by uterine pains and contractions, so marked, that I was afraid to give any more that day, as I had intended doing. After these pains had ceased, I, however, tried three grains, but with a similar result. I then injected morphia subcutaneously, and kept her under its influence for two or three days, when the neuralgia ceased. She was seized on January 30th with quotidian ague, when I ordered onegrain doses of quinine every hour; but after the third dose the uterine pains set in, and I stopped the medicine. On the 31st, six doses, each twenty grains of soda salicylate, were given, without any apparent effect on the fever. On February 1st, ten grains of quinine were given after a quarter of a grain of morphia by the skin, and also forty grains of salicylate of soda by the rectum. No pains followed, but the temperature rose from 980 in the morning to 1030 in the evening. On February 2nd, morphia was again injected subcutaneously, and followed by sixteen grains of quinine. February 3rd, morphia and twenty grains of quinine. February 4th, 9 A.M., morphia and twenty grains of quinine, followed at 4 P.M. by ten g., and at 7 P.M. by other ten grains of quinine. From February 1st, no pains were observed or felt, and the fever, absent on the 5th and 6th, returned slightly (101.;7), on the evening of the 7th, when twelve grains of quinine were taken without morphia, were followed by uterine action, which continued all through the 8th. This patient gave birth to twins at full term in April. CASE 111.-A delicate pluripara, aged 36, three and a-half months pregnant, having threatened miscarriage in the second month, was seized with intermittent fever on May a5th, 1881, and on that day four doses of salicylate of soda, each twenty grais, were given, without anyeffect on the fever. On the eveningof the6th,the temperature beinggl030,at 8 P.M.,twenty-fiveminimschlorodyne; and at9P.M., fifteen grains of quinine were given. On the Tth, the temperature, from 990 in the morning, rose to 101.2° in the evening, and no pains having been felt, at 8.30 P.m. sixteen grains of quinine were taken without chlorodyne. On the 8th, at 1.30 A.M., pains and bearingdown came on, and ceased on taking twenty-five minims of chlorodyne. She left for Nankin on May 13th, and returned to Shanghai on August 29th, much reduced from chronic diarrhea, being literally "skin and bone," and nearly seven months advanced in pregnancy. I saw her on board ship at 4 P.m., with a temperature of 1050 and pulse 120. Fifteen grams of quinine were at once administered, and as she had had a starch and opium enema before I saw her, no other opiate was given. At midnight, the temperature being 1040, twelve grains more of quinine were taken. On the 30th, the moring temperature was 98.40, and the stools being dysenteric, the large bowel was washed out with large enemata of a saturated solution of boracic acid in water, and the opiate enema continued. On the evening of the 31st the temperature again rose to 1040, and fifteen grains of quinine were given. There was no rise of temperature after the 31st, and no uterine disturbance manifested itself at any time. A child was born at full term. This case was a most anxious one, and, without opium, I would scarcely have ventured to give twenty-seven grains of quinine in eight hours. The patient was not a nervous one. CASE LV.-A primiparx, aged 23, delicate, very thin, with a highly nervous temperament, with a history of " fits " before her arrival in China, six and a half months pregnant, was first seen on March 3rd, 1882, at the end of the first week of what turned out to be enteric fever. Fifteen grains of quinine on the 3rd were followed by slight rhythmic pains in the abdomen, not ascertained, however, by palpation, to be uterine. On the 5th, twenty-two and a half rins of quinine, followed in an hour by twenty-five grains of chlora1lzye ard thirty grains of bromide of potash, were given, and no pi were complained of or observed. On the 7th, twenty-two graS 61f quininewerefollowedby uterine pains, which continued onthe 8th,And were accompanied by foetal movements. Two doses of chlorodyfle (each twenty-five minims), were followed by cessation of these pains. The interval between the two doses of chlorodyne is, unfortunately, not :recorded. On the 9th, twenty-five grains of quinine, after twenty-five minims of chlorodyne, were given in the evening, and slight pains were felt during the night. On the morning of the 10th, twenty-five grains of quinine were given, and no pains are entered in my notes for that clay; but on the following one, I observe that chlorodyno was given (there being one hard motion), and the expression "1 no pains " follows. This patient gave birth to a full-time child. Other cases I have observed and treated in the same fashion; but as they were either under observation for only a short period, or as the evidence afforded by them was negative, no record was kept. A fifth case, one of enteric fever in a highly nervous pluripara, at the end of the second month of pregnancy, affords evidence, on* the whole, supporting the view set forth in this paper; but, unfortuinately, as pregnancy was not even suspected, and although abdominal pains are recorded as following quinine without an opiate, my attention not being specially directed towards the uterus, no attempt was made to lonalise them. One point suggested by the ase, is the possibility of chloral hydrate (given with bromide of potash), being another antagonist to the ecbolic action of quinine. This patient is now in the fifth month of pregnancy. Having remarked that the disagreeable feeling about the head, and the singing in the cars, were much less prominent after a dose of quinine preceded by an opiate, I now frequently order a dose of chlorodyne shortly before a large dose of quinine, in cases where no uterine disturbance is in question. I may add, that I have, on several occasions, observed the menstrual discharge increased, or come on before its time, after the administration of a large dose of quinine.


This paper aims to study Jewish elements in Saul Bellow s Seize the Day. Judaism is the religious, ideological base for Jews, which focuses primarily...


IT HAS BEEN demonstrated that thiouracil exerts a marked effect on the thyroid gland of rats (1) and man (2, 3). Thyrotoxic subjects receiving treatment with this drug experience a remission of the clinical manifestations of their disease together with a return to normal of the basal oxygen consumption and of the protein-bound iodine content of the plasma. However, the effects of this drug on the other tissues of the body have not been fully studied. In certain patients described below, during the course of investigating the action of thiouracil given in daily dosages of about one gram, we have made a few observations suggesting that the effect of this drug on the adrenals should be carefully examined. (a) When thiouracil was administered for a few days or weeks to ten patients with diseases of such severity as to make death seem likely, the post-mortem estimation of the content of this substance in the various tissues revealed a higher concentration in the adrenals than in most of the other tissues (4).


Around the topic of energy conservation,the energy-saving performances of construction windows were discussed from the as-pects such as heat preservation,heat insulation,sealing etc..The methods of analysis and calculation on energy-saving index of construction windows were pointed out.


The effect of cold working on semiconducting properties of passive film and pitting corrosion resistance of 19Cr-18Mn-2Mo-0.9N high nitrogen austenitic stainless were investigated by anodic polarization, AC impedance and capacitance measurement methods. With increasing the cold rolling deformation ranging from 0% to 60%, the passive region of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel decreases, and the corrosion potential, EIS radius and polarization resistance all decreases. The Mott-Schottky result indicates that the pitting corrosion resistance deteriorates with increment of cold rolling deformation. The results show that the passive films formed on high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with different cold rolling deformation behave as n-type semiconductors. With increasing the cold rolling deformation grade, the donor density (ND) increases, but the thickness of the space-charge layer (W) decreases. The decreasing of the thickness of space-charge layer with increment of cold rolling deformation is attributed to the inceasing defect which deteriorates the stability of the passive film.


OBJECTIVE
To review the research progress in the treatment of bone defect or osteomyelitis with drug-carried bionic nano-bone so as to offer some theoretic supports and experimental references for those relative researchers.

METHODS
The related literature was reviewed. The research progress in the treatment of bone defect or osteomyelitis with drug-carried bionic nano-bone was analyzed, which included the designing and preparing of drug-carried nano composites, the way of making infected bone defect animal models, and the general steps, test indexes and results.

RESULTS
Traumatic osteomyelitis and bone defect were two kinds of disease to difficulty cure in nowadays clinical orthopaedics. The osteomyelitis, especially chronic one was quite troublesome during the treatments. Many researchers made artificial bone with nano-materials and added drugs into them by various ways for the purpose of controlling infection and repairing bone defection simultaneously. But these researches were still at the laboratory phase, lacking the criterions of making relative animal models, and needed to be improved in the way of drug slow-releasing and nano-scaffold producing.

CONCLUSION
The drug-carried bionic nano-bone as a kind of newly emerging replacement material has splendid effects in the treatments of traumatic large area bone defect or osteomyelitis and will have a brilliant future.


We have measured polarized and depolarized Raman optical activity in ring deformations of R-(+)-methyloxirane, R-(+)-methylthiirane and (2s,3s)-(-)(2,3)-dimethyloxirane. The observations are consistent with recent assignments of vibrations containing significant contributions from symmetric and antisymmetric combinations of C-O and C-S stretches and with the absolute stereochemical configurations. A detailed analysis is presented of how the ratio of the polarized to the depolarized Raman optical activity varies with the ratio of the magnetic dipole to electric quadrupole contributions. Effects in the oxirane and the thiirane are similar, but the dimethyloxirane shows dramatically different behaviour associated with a dominant electric quadrupole mechanism in the antisymmetric band. It is shown how this might be explained in terms of the selection rules on the first two Rydberg electronic transitions in the dimethyloxirane in conjunction with the C 2 symmetry of the molecule. Our results also indicate that...


This paper is an announcement on the form of certain matrices
related to the Stickelberger ideal over the Galois field
Z/lZ.This results was obtained from the tables of the
irregularity index for primes to eight million
(Buhler,Crandall,Ernvall,Metsaenkylae,1993).


Due to heightened threat perceptions, states are currently expanding their coercive power in cyberspace. They attempt to reduce the risk of escalation in (cybered-)conflict through traditional norms building. At the same time, their strategic actions remain the biggest threat to stability. Cyber-exploitations are a major part of the problem, hindering the removal of known insecurities, thus reducing the effectiveness of any future order. At the same time, the forceful role that states aspire to play in cyber-security has led to questions of legitimacy. The security arrangements that emerged in the 1990s, focused on protection and risk management, had a high degree of legitimacy because they built on a pragmatic solution of distributed security provision. Unless a future order in cyberspace takes into account the interests of companies and consumers who shape this domain in peacetime, it will be met with considerable resistance, with high costs for all sides.


at the age of 81 in Owambo (Ovamboland), South-West Africa. Professor Dammann knew of the MS in the arohives of Hamburg University and had planned to publish it but it was not until 1953-4 that he had an opportunity to cheek the items in the field with the Reverend Tirronen. They decided to work on the material together, checking it with Ndonga speakers in Owambo and adding to it wherever possible, and, finally, to publish the material as a whole. Since some of the material was collected between 1870 and 1926 when Rautanen died, the authors believe that much of it will be of historical value and will be eagerly received by the Ndonga of later generations. The anthology is presented in four parts, viz : (1) ' Marchen und Erzahlungen ' ; (2) ' Brauchtum und Religion ' ; (3) ' Meidungen (Iidhila)'; and (4) ' Liecler und Verwandtes '. The latter section contains praise-poems (pp. 206-38) and is therefore of especial importance. The material was checked with Aandonga whose names are listed on p. xiv. Much of it appears to have been recorded on tape and it is to be hoped that the authors will make this available on demand as the sound-recordings of such texts adds a new and valuable dimension to such collections. There is no attempt to theorize about the various parts of the anthology though innumerable valuable notes are contained in the introductory comments to many of the pieces presented. Where these comments contain references to the people and to the circumstances and people in history who inspired the stories, the praise-poems, and other texts, they are unique and of the utmost importance to students of Ndonga. Nevertheless it is a pity that no attempt was made to describe the wealth and extent of oral lore in Ndonga and the nature of its decline in modern situations. Both Dammann and Tirronen are in an excellent position to summarize and typify the subdivisions of oral lore as a guide to the Ndonga themselves and to students of Ndonga elsewhere. A very important section of their collection consists of the praise-poems or izibongo as they are called in the Nguni area. These poems, chanted in a high-pitched voice very much in the style of the Nguni izibongo and the Sotho Uthoko, contain a great deal of historical material and it is hoped that further collections will be made in future of this relatively unknown type of praise-song in South-West Africa. There is at times, however, a lack of elucidation that detracts from our enjoyment of such songs of praise. For example, in the following piece entitled Etanto tali simaneke oinufuko (conjunctively written as Etanto talisimaneke omu/uko) ' A praise-song that honours the bride ' (p. 169), it is not clear why this lament to Ndengu son of the house of Nekomba should be a praise to the bride, Frieda Amutaleni, and why it should have been sung by invited Kwambi guests. Clearly there are references to events and to people whose connexion with the bride we may perhaps guess at but which are not explicit to those who do not know the local scene.


Information on the apportionment of time for maintenance and breeding activities is important for understanding the evolution of avian reproductive and foraging behavior (e.g., Verner 1965, Stiles 1971, Verbeek 1972). Birds that maintain feeding territories exclusive of the breeding season (e.g., hummingbirds) often utilize resources relatively stable in time and space. Floral nectaries represent such resources and provide opportunities for prolonged observation of an individual bird' s activities. This study describes the time budget and pattern of inflorescence utilization by the Cinnamon Hummingbird (Amazilia n&a) at a tropical flowering plant during the dry season in Costa Rica. The plant serving as a nectar source in this study was Combreturn farinosum ( Combretaceae ). Comhretum grows as a bush or liana, and in the latter case may climb high into the canopy. Inflorescences contain many flowers arranged in rows and each flower passes through several age-dependent color forms. On first opening the flower is green, changing to orange the second day, and red by the third day. Flowers on an inflorescence are often totally synchronized in development, but if not, the changes occur in waves along the inflorescence, so some degree of color uniformity is always achieved. Nectar is produced primarily by the green, first-day flowers, with a lesser proportion from orange flowers of the second day (D. Inouye, pers. comm.). Red, thirdday flowers produce little or no nectar and may remain on the inflorescences for several days. The general study area was located on a wooded of the bird fauna of British Columbia. Spec. Publ. 2, B.C. Prov. Mus., p. l-285. RAND, A. L. 1946. List of Yukon birds and those of the Canol Road. Natl. Mus. Can. Bull. 111: l-105. SWA~ITH, H. S. 1920. Revision of the avian genus Passer&z, with special reference to the distribution and migration of the races in California. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 21:75-224. SWARTH, H. S. 1936. A list of birds of the Atlin region, British Columbia. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4th ser., 23:35-58.


With the rapid development of Internet, especially the mobile Internet, the new applications or network attacks emerge in a high rate in recent years. More and more traffic becomes unknown due to the lack of protocol specifications about the newly emerging applications. Automatic protocol reverse engineering is a promising solution for understanding this unknown traffic and recovering its protocol specification. One challenge of protocol reverse engineering is to determine the length of protocol keywords and message fields. Existing algorithms are designed to select the longest substrings as protocol keywords, which is an empirical way to decide the length of protocol keywords. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to determine the optimal length of protocol keywords and recover message formats of Internet protocols by maximizing the likelihood probability of message segmentation and keyword selection. A hidden semi-Markov model is presented to model the protocol message format. An affinity propagation mechanism based clustering technique is introduced to determine the message type. The proposed method is applied to identify network traffic and compare the results with existing algorithm.


The invention of phenylephrine, alone or antihistamines, analgesics, antipyretics, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and including in conjunction with other active agents or mixture of two or more other active agents, such as, sustained-release formulation (sustained-release formulation ) describes a pharmaceutical composition of. In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises as a matrix for sustained release of phenylephrine hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose solid dosage form with a sodium. Phenyl printer is released over an extended period of time by a pH and essentially independent of the solid dosage form. A sustained release, extended release, phenyl principal, active agent, the solid dosage form


MIMO radar features increasing the receiving array aperture by virtual array. This paper attempts to clarify that the estimation accuracy of Capon algorithm is higher than that of the MUSIC algorithm in MIMO radar using matched filters for transmission signal separation in receiving array.


Introduction exual satisfaction is based on one's assessment of their sexuality, which includes their understanding of the satisfaction of their needs, realization of their expectations from the intercourse, and their positive assessment of it. Sexual satisfaction is one of the important indicators of a successful marriage and family health and plays a significant role as one of the fundamental factors of relationship satisfaction. Sexual S Please Cite This Article As: Dehghani F, Zargham Hajebi M, Gharlipour Z. Relationship of Sexual Satisfaction with Spiritual Health and Demographic Characteristics in Women Referring to Health Centers in Qom. Health Spiritual Med Ethics. 2020;7(4):1-7. Abstract


Several derivatives containing the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine system were prepared starting from 2-amino-4,5-dihydronaphtho[2,1-b]thiophene-1-carbonitrile (1). In particular, the synthesis and structure characterization of 8,9-dihydronaphtho- [1′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]pyrimidine derivatives 13–16 and their isomerization to 8,9-dihydronaphtho[1′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-e][1,2,4]-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives 17–20 under different suitable reaction conditions were reported and verified with X-ray analysis. Moreover, compounds 13, 14 and 22 were tested as potential anti-inflammatory agents and derivative 14 showed potent activity in carrageenan test. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 16:226–234, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20114


Indonesia is the largest archipelago in Southeast Asia which borders with Malaysia and Singapore. As a state directly adjacent, not infrequenly Indonesia seized conflict with the neighboring countries, including border conflicts. Singapore has conducted reclamation activities sice 1966. The case of reclamation conducted by Singapore is related to the Law of Sea Convention 1982. As the one reference for countries experiencing problem or conflict over marine areas. Indonesia as one of the countries that have ratified UNCLOS in 1982, of course, can make a reference in the 1982 UNCLOS reclamation issue. The purpose of this thesis are; First, to determine the settings reclamation in international maritime law; Second, to determine the reclamation by Singapore could threaten the sovereignty of the Republic Indonesia based on the International Law of theSea. Type of research used in this study, using a normative legal research. At this research the author concentrated on research that examines the level of synchronization law more in the case of sea reclamation in accordance with International Law and the connected the bilateral agreements between Indonesia and Singapore with UNCLOS 1982. The result of the research, conclude two main points, First, in the United Nations on the Law of Sea in 1982 there were four of Article related to reclamation activities namely, Article 11, Article 56, pargraph 1, letter b, Article 60, and Article 80. Secondly, reclamation conducted by Singapore can not threaten the sovereignty of the Republic Indonesia unfder Article 11 and 60 poin 8 of the United Nations on the Law of the Sea 1982. Keyword: Reclamation, Sovereignty, International Sea or UNCLOS


The optimal distribution of the bunch pattern around the RHIC circumference is studied to decrease the electron density for a fixed total beam current. In the search for a bunch pattern that minimizes this density, we show that, for typical parameters, the bunch-to-bunch evolution of the electron cloud density can be represented by a cubic map. Furthermore, we discuss the use of linear bunch-to-bunch maps for small electron cloud densities. The linear coefficients evaluate the electron cloud stability for a given set of physical parameters (bunch charge, SEY, et cetera). Thus, the use of (linearized) maps frees up the slow but detailed simulation codes to explore parameter space, when studying the increase (to a saturated value) or disappearance of the electron cloud under alternative bunch patterns.


Background: The Whipple operation treats pancreatic, bile duct, and intestinal malignancies. ERAS® usage in the Whipple surgery is seldom documented. So, this study examined how the ERAS® regimen affected postoperative complications in Whipple patients. Method: From January 2017 to December 2022, 97 patients were admitted to the general surgery department at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, a tertiary care hospital. This study recruited Whipple patients. The prospective group was treated with ERAS methods, whereas the control group was handled using the non-ERAS treatment (Jan 2017–Dec 2018). The Whipple technique was performed on 18-year-olds with pancreatic, duodenum, and bile duct cancer. The present study's primary outcomes were CDC grading, surgical complications, 30-day readmission rate, 30-day re-operation for any reason, and hospital stay. SPSS 26.0 examined data. Results: This study has 97 patients. Both groups had equal comorbidities. The ERAS® technique minimized postoperative complications, as seen by the considerable drop in CDC grading (p = 0.003). Non-ERAS® patients had increased mortality (2 vs. 8). ERAS® also decreased stay duration (p = 0.001). ERAS® patients also had a lower readmission rate (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The Whipple procedure's ERAS® protocol has lowered postoperative complications, duration of stay, and readmission rates.


Endotracheal and endobronchial carbon dioxide laser surgery can be carried out using standard ventilating bronchoscopes, a recently developed laser endoscope attachment and a 50W CO2 surgical laser unit. General anesthesia, using nonflammable anesthetics, is delivered through the side arm of the ventilating bronchoscope; the tidal flow of gases keeps the trachea and bronchi free of steam and smoke. The technique has been particularly helpful in the bloodless removal of recurrent papillomas from the trachea and main stem bronchi of ten children with tracheostomies. While three of the patients have gone into remission following laser excision, the method cannot be curative of itself. There were no complications attributable to the carbon dioxide laser surgery, per se, but constant vigilance must be exercised as with all laser surgery. As instrumentation becomes refined the technique will have wider application in the management of tracheobronchial disease.


Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Scutellare compatibility antivirus action. Methods: Sixty flu virus patients from our hospital between Jan 2012 to Jan 2013 were equally randomized into 2 groups. The control group received Virazole. The treatment group received tradition chinese medicine of Radix Bupleuri and Radix Scutellare besides Virazole therapy,and statistice analysis of two groups therapy effect. Results: After treatment for 2 weeks,the total effective rate was93. 33% in the treatment group and 86. 67% in the control group; and the increase was obvious in the treatment group( P 0. 05).Conclusion: Radix Bupleuri and Radix Scutellare compatibility can enhance the effect for antivirus action,with well clinical effect. It will be popularized on clinical therapy.


Henry Overman sketches the evolution of CEP research on why prosperity is so unevenly distributed across cities, regions and nations.


For the fifteen former Soviet states that had been cast out into the international arena following
the collapse of the USSR, newly-gained independence brought with it significant economic,
political and even cultural challenges. Not only were these states forced to contend with
economic decline, domestic instability, inter-ethnic conflicts and political power struggles, but
there was also the problem of rediscovering a sense of national identity, something which had
been actively suppressed by the Soviets during the seventy years of the USSR.
For the leaders of many of these states, the solution to these challenges was to create a regional
integration project to mitigate any potential extraneous or intrinsic shocks. Over the years since
independence there have been multiple attempts at integration, each with varying levels of
success. It is widely assumed that the main problem has been the persistently divergent views
of the leaders of Eurasian states over what form integration should take and what its objectives
should be. These disagreements have led to assumptions that the Eurasian integration project
is simply 'doomed to failure'.
This thesis expands and modernizes Kalevi Holsti's 1970 work on role theory to analyze the
public rhetoric of policy-makers in four Eurasian states (Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and
Kazakhstan) to examine how they present the country on the international stage in the context
of Eurasian integration since 2010. It aims to document whether the existence of divergent
views is the reality by constructing a typology of 'role conceptions' for each case and
comparing and contrasting their respective views and approaches. It then asks how this has
affected integration efforts and concludes that divergent and incompatible role conceptions
have constrained the approaches of these states to Eurasian integration.
Crucially, until now, there has been a serious lack of empirical applications of role theory as
well as a lack of research and widespread misconceptions and misunderstandings of the
Eurasian region in the English-speaking literature. However, the importance of the region
cannot be overstated given the natural resources of each state and their strategic location.
Thus, an empirical study of four key states in the region will go some way to filling a large gap
in the literature and improving our understanding of the political and cultural idiosyncrasies
of the area.


We consider the possibility of detecting and tracking the hypothesized Planet 9 or other unknown planetary-mass distant solar system members, generically called Planet X, with a combination of CMB and optical imaging surveys. Planets are detectable via thermal emission in CMB surveys and via reflected sunlight in optical surveys. Since the flux from reflected light falls off faster with distance, the signal-to-noise of planetary observations with optical surveys falls off faster than for CMB surveys. A promising approach to detecting new solar system planets with future surveys such as the Simons Observatory, CMB-S4 and LSST, is for a detection in CMB data followed by tracking in the synoptic imaging survey. Even if the parallax were not detected in CMB data, point sources consistent with thermal spectra could be followed up by LSST. In addition to expanding the Planet X discovery space, the joint datasets would improve constraints on key orbital and thermal properties of outer solar system bodies. This approach would work for a Neptune-like planet up to distances of a few thousand AU, and for an Earth-like planet up to several hundred AU. We discuss the prospects for the next decade as well as nearer-term surveys.


In order to construct spatial landscape of viaduct,selecting 10 representative transportation nodes under the Erhuan Road viaduct in Chengdu,the environmental characteristics,green plant species,configuration mode,growth status and landscape effects under the viaduct were studied.Improvement programs and optional modes were proposed for the issues of single plant species,configure monotonous,poor landscape and ineffective isolated anti-glare feature.


Summary Six colonies of Saxifraga hirculus have been recorded in flushes and mires in north-east Scotland in the last two centuries. Populations are now known at three sites, and at a fourth a few plants of the saxifrage were seen in 1969. Vegetation composition and structure are described for the four recent colonies, and the trends in population size have been assessed. Vegetation releves were also collected from similar flushes in the district around the extant sites; stands containing the saxifrage were closely similar to stands without it. Most plants of the saxifrage grew in moderately tall vegetation dominated by Carex rostrata belonging to unit M9 in the National Vegetation Classification. But some plants grew in less tall vegetation lacking Carex rostrata; most of this was considered to belong to a community related to M9 which was designated M9o.


Gas nitriding is a process where the surface of metal is coated with the nitriding layer which is formed by flowing the Nitrogen gas, N2, on the surface of metal in tube furnace. The process is one of the most effective ways to increase the corrosion resistance of metals as well as their mechanical properties. This study is to investigate the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of nitrided Austenitic Stainless Steel (ASS) 316L at low temperature. The 316L samples are exposed to nitrogen gas in the tube furnace at 400oC for different duration of times which are 4 hours, 8 hours and 12 hours. The microstructure of the nitrided 316L had changes based on the result gain from the Optical Microscope (OM). After that, the hardness test that was conducted and the surface hardness is increasing for each samples for different duration of times. However, the hardness value decrease to the centre of the samples. The corrosion resistance of the samples had been improved because of the nitride layer on the surface of the sample


Corruption is inimical to public support for democratic government. This article uses Australian public opinion surveys to clarify the link between corruption and views of political institutions. The results show that citizens' personal experiences of corruption among public officials are negligible, but that three in four believe that there is some corruption among politicians and almost half believe that corruption in Australia is increasing. Perceptions of corruption matter much more than personal experiences of corrupt public officials in shaping confidence in political institutions. For policy-makers, the findings have implications for how corruption is handled, and in the measures that should be put in place to allay the public's fears about the increase in corruption. 腐败妨碍了公众对民主政府的支持。本文使用澳大利亚舆论调查,澄清了腐败与政治体制观的联系。研究显示公民个人对于公职人员腐败的经验可以忽略不计。倒是四分之三的人相信政客中存在某种腐败,几乎近一半人相信腐败在澳大利亚与日俱增。对腐败的认识,比个人对公职人员中腐败的耳闻目见,对于形成对政治体制的信赖要重要得多。对于政策制定者,这些发现有助于他们处理腐败,采取措施缓和公众对于日增的腐败的恐惧。


Current interest in advanced propulsion within NASA and research activities in advanced propulsion concepts at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory are reviewed. The concepts,which include high power plasma thrusters such as lithiun~-fueled Lorentz-Force-Accelerators,MEMS-scale propulsion systems, in-situ propellant utilization techniques, fusion propulsion systems and methods of using antimatter, offer the potential for either significantly enhancing space transportation capability as compared with that of traditional chemical propulsion, or enabling ambitious new missions. In addition to potentially addressing the propulsion needs of missions like those of the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) initiative, outer planet sample returns and orbiters, or an interstellar precursor mission, this research is aiding in fundamental scientific discoveries and developments in other technologies. I n t r o d u c t i o n ~ The Advanced Propulsion Technology (APT) group at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory was established in 1981 to identify and generate advanced propulsion concepts which offer theoretical performance significantly superior to that of state-of-the-art propulsion systems, and to evaluate the feasibility of these concepts through experiment and analysis. Support for this research has been provided by NASA independent of specific flight projects. In the last year, this activity has become part of the Propulsion Research program of the Advanced Space Transportation Program (ASTP) executed by the Marshall Space Flight Center. The Advanced Propulsion Concepts activity at JPL is sustained with a very modest investment by NASA of about one million dollars per year, yet can have an enormous impact on a variety of NASA programs, basic scientific research, and spin-off technologies. There are many examples of the impact advanced propulsion research has had on the aerospace community. Electric propulsion, considered an advanced technology when the Advanced Propulsion Concepts activity began, is now enabling missions of the New Millennium program. The first of these, Deep Space 1 (DS 1 ) [1], is scheduled for launch in July of 1998. The DS 1 spacecraft will flyby the near-Earth asteroid McAuliffe at just 5 to 10 kilometers above the surface, then pass by Mars for a gravity assist to enable an encounter with comet West-Kohoutek-Ikemura. Other examples of the impact advanced propulsion research has had include the fundamental understanding of plasma interactions with magnetic fields that has resulted from modeling work performed on fusion and electron-cyclotron-resonance thruster concepts. New insights into physical and chemical properties of fullerenes, which were considered as a possible ion engine propellant, have been gained. A previous research effort of the Advanced Propulsion Concepts activity at Brown University to design and build a magnetic levitation trap for liquid hydrogen was successfully completed. This work was a necessary precursor to the storage of antihydrogen, which may ultimately be achieved through present efforts in antimatter research. Research performed under this activity in high energy density materials (HEDM) for propulsion, specifically atomic hydrogen and rnetastable helium, led to the establishment of the Air Force Phillips Laboratory HEDM program. Research at the University of Arizona on the use of zirconia cells for C02 separation on Mars was precipitated by advanced propulsion research in in-situ propellant utilization. This technology is now one of the options available for both the 200 I and 2005 Mars flights. In what follows, present interest in and opportunities for advanced propulsion research within NASA are described. The research activities in advanced propulsion concepts presently underway at JPL are then presented. Advanced Propulsion Research Present Interest in Advanced Propulsion within NASA In July of 1997, NASA Administrator Daniel S. Goldin announced his interest in an interstellar precursor mission a mission to 10,000 AU in 50 years. Mr. Goldin has charged the Jet Propulsion Laboratory with investigating the possibilities for such a mission. Subsequent to his announcement, Mr. Goldin visited JPL on July 26, 1997 and was presented with some preliminary material outlining the technology needs and mission considerations for mounting the first interstellar precursor mission. Prominent among the identified needs was advanced propulsion. An interstellar precursor mission is the most recent and the most ambitious mission goal that could be enabled by the development of advanced propulsion systems. A high energy density concept, such as that which relies on antimatter initiated fusion reactions [2], would be required. Other mission goals, such as multi-body sample-~eturn missions, may be enabled by advanced solar sails with aerial densities between 1 and 5 g/m [3]. Such sails wou{d effectively be able to "turn off" solar gravity. Megawatt-level plasma thrusters could support piloted Mars missions as part of the NASA Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) initiative. Possibilities for the use of electrodynamics tethers on the International Space Station for orbit raising maneuvers or even Earth return of small packages were recently presented at the Tether Technology Interchange Meeting in Huntsville, Alabama [4]. Pursuing the research that will result in the development of advanced propulsion systems is a great challenge at present. Regardless of stated objectives, NASA is not investing heavily in Advanced Propulsion Concepts. The entire Advanced Space Transportation Program with the exception of the Bantam Lifter activity, an effort to develop a small launch system capable of orbiting 100 kg payloads at a targeted cost of $1,000,000 per launch, remains unfunded in both 1998 and 1999. The Current Research Pro~ram The 1997 research activities at JPL are described below. Additional details can be found in Reference [5]. 1. In-Situ Propellant Utilization Reducing the initial mass in low-Earth-Orbit (IMLEO) of a spacecraft can enable a variety of robotic and piloted missions by dramatically reducing launch costs. One way to lower the IMLEO is to obtain some of the propellant required for the mission from extraterrestrial resources, many of which could provide oxygen. The principle barrier to the use of oxygen as propellant in plasma thrusters is the development of a cathode which can tolerate the oxygen environment. Field emitter cathodes are efficient, lowpower, and easily scaleable and have the potential to be functional in an oxygen environment. The successful demonstration of a cathode that operates on oxygen would enable In Situ Propellant Utilization (ISPU) for a variety of advanced propulsion concepts, including trans-lunar cargo propulsion systems.


Two rules-of-thumb are presented for determining whether a change in time scale in the computer cir cuit is necessary. One rule is for the simulation of feedback systems by means of transfer functions, while the second applies to circuits solving differential equations. Each rule is illustrated by means of an example, and in the Appendix each rule is derived.


Wax/oil gel, which contains oil in its three-dimensional structure of wax crystal, has many valuable applications in various cosmetic products, including lipsticks. This article describes the nanostructure of wax crystal which is markedly af fected to the characteristics of lipsticks. It also describes a new high performance lipstick which has fine and uniform wax/oil gel structure controlled by using a novel amorphous polypropylene.


Objective: To explore the effect of cigarette smoking on human sperm parameters,sperm morphology and sperm DNA integrity. Methods: The cigarette smoking status of 210 patients with male infertility were investigated,the sperm density,vitality and sperm morphology were detected by computer assisted sperm analysis,the sperm DNA integrity were detected by sperm chromatin dispersion test( SCD). Results: There was a significant difference in the sperm density,vitality,sperm morphology and sperm DNA integrity between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion: Cigarette Smoking affects the sperm density,vitality,sperm morphology and sperm DNA integrity,and thus to be one reason of male infertility.


A parametric study has been performed using a rate-limited model of molten-fuel-coolant interactions previously developed. The study considered a 2-ft-long molten zone across the FFTF core, in which 1250 kg molten fuel at 3400°K were mixed with 196 kg sodium at 922°K. A few less sevare cases were examined as part of the parameter variations. The effects of variations in system parameters upon pressure-time histories and sodium-slug energies were investigated. The process of sodium heating by the fuel was reformulated in order to take into account a finite rate of fragmentation and mixing.


Berdan, Robert; And Others Language among the Cherokee: Patterns of Language USe in Northeastern Oklahoma. Part II: Questionnaire and Codebook. National Center for Bilingual Research, Los Alamitos, Calif. National Inst. of Education (ED), Washington, DC. NCBR-08-82 Nov 82 128p.; For related document, see FL 013 959. National Center for Bilingual Research, 4665 Lampson Ave., Los Alamitos, CA 90720. Reports Research/Technical (143) -Tests /Evaluation Instruments (160)


At present,the first round revisions of the county towns' overall plan have been nearly completed in our country.Among them,there are many experimental samples which are reasonably planned and constructed,however,the phenomena that the standard of the plan is too high and the scale is too large.This paper tried to probe into the question how to determine the reasonable scale of the population in county towns tentatively,at the beginning of the paper,the author analyzed the elements that affect the scale of the county towns' population.


Changes in soil nitrogen mineralization can impact nutrient availability, and further affect plant growth. It is unclear, however, how temperature elevation in alpine grassland will affect soil net N mineralization rate (Nmin) across altitudes. At six altitudes (3200 m to 4200 m with an interval of 200 m) along a slope in Lenglong mountain in the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we performed an in-situ soil incubation experiment by using the resin-core method to assess altitudinal variations of Nmin. Meanwhile, we evaluated the effects of temperature elevation on Nmin and its temperature sensitivity (Q10) through a soil downward transplantation experiment based on three reference baseline altitudes (3800 m, 4000 m, and 4200 m). The results showed that high altitudes generally led to low values of Nmin. Structural equation modelling analysis revealed that Nmin along the altitude was mainly controlled by soil temperature. Increased temperature caused by the altitude transplantation significantly elevated Nmin for all of the three reference altitudes. The value of Q10 was 3.4 for soil samples transplanted from the reference altitude of 4200 m, which was about twice that of the lower reference altitudes of 4000 m and 3800 m.


We give an existence result for the principal-agent problem with adverse selection under general preferences and non-compact allocation space. The result is mainly based on the fact that the principal can always improve a feasible contract by another one which makes larger profit than the outside option from any type of agent. We also treat the case of type-dependent budget constraints.


In environmental sciences, it is often of interest to assess whether the dependence between extreme measurements has changed during the observation period. The aim of this work is to propose a statistical test that is particularly sensitive to such changes. The resulting procedure is also extended to allow the detection of changes in the extreme-value dependence under the presence of known breaks in the marginal distributions. Simulations are carried out to study the finite-sample behavior of both versions of the proposed test. Illustrations on hydrological data sets conclude the work.


A hybrid propagation analysis, combining the ray-tracing and aperture-field-integration methods, for an airport surface is proposed. Its effectiveness was evaluated using measurements obtained with 1/50 scaled model. The results indicate that the simulated and measured power distributions of the proposed method were in agreement. The proposed analysis method can more effectively locate the optimal antenna position, which can be applied to GBAS.


The growth path of a mixed, open urban economy is considered which is linked to the national economy through labor flows in the direction of higher per capita consumption. In its private sector, profit maximizing firms produce output, hiring individually labor but using jointly infrastructure with public good characteristics. The public sector divides via taxation output into consumption and infrastructural investments so as to maximize the current value of future per capita felicity. Urban growth paths are derived and public sector policies regarding labor migration and provision of infrastructure are analyzed.


Electromagnetic finite element analysis shows that pipe magnetic flux leakage signals are centralized near defects obviously when the magnetic shielding exists. At this time, the background magnetic flux between permanent magnet components coupling through the air medium will be reduced greatly. Drill pipe magnetic flux leakage testing confirms the analysis results, and the probe with magnetic shielding device can improve SNR of the magnetic flux leakage signals obviously. Thus, it is helpful to improve pipe leakage flux testing sensitivity.


Development of the lexical aspect of speech is an integral part of learning a foreign language, as it is lexical units that help a person to convey their thoughts in interaction with other people. The purpose of teaching the lexical aspect of speech is to form students' lexical skills as the main component of expressive and receptive types of speech activity. We consider the features of teaching verbal synonymy. A verb that performs the function of a predicate in a sentence is an important informative centre of the sentence. For successful mastery of synonymous verbs, the main means of teaching at any stage of learning a foreign language is an exercise. The systematic nature of the exercises helps to ensure the effectiveness of the process of mastery and teaching synonymous verbs particularly and the lexical aspect of speech in general. On the basis of the research there was developed a system of exercises aimed at introducing, training and fixing synonymous verbs, and a certain part of these exercises was demonstrated.


Thermoregulation in farm animals is directly related to performance, efficiency, health, and well being. Tympanic temperature serves as a measure of thermoregulatory responses to environmental conditions. Tympanic temperature was measured as a basis for characterizing thermoregulatory responses of swine. Fourier spectral analysis and short-time Fourier transforms (STFT) were applied to the tympanic time series record and used to determine sampling rate guidelines and to evaluate thermoregulatory responses of ad-libitum-fed, growing swine subjected to alternating constant temperatures from 21° to 30° C thermal environments. Analysis of data from three swine suggests sampling rates of 1 sample every 8 to 10 min, although a faster rate of one sample every 2 to 3 min was recommended to allow for digital filtering. STFT analysis indicated that even in constant environmental temperatures, the amplitude of the diurnal tympanic temperature cycle increased under elevated ambient temperature. The amplitude of all tympanic temperature cycles also increased following transitions between different ambient temperature conditions.


Based on the provincial panel data form 1996 to 2011,we constructed the model of location choice of polluted industries and empirically analyzed the influencing factors of location choice of polluted industries from the nationwide and the eight comprehensive economic regions. The results show that the factors of influencing choice of polluted industrial location vary from the difference of natural environment,cultural environment,economy development level and the opening to the side-world. In the national overall level,capital and environment policy are the main factors for pollution industrial transfer. In the eastern coastal and the great northwest areas,the main influencing factors of polluted industrial location choice is capital. In the southern coastal and the middle reach of Yangtze River,the main factors are capital and the quantity of market demand. In the northern coastal,the main factors are capital and labor. In the northeast area,the main factors labor,tax and the quantity of market need. In the middle reach of the yellow river,the main factors are capital,labor and the quantity of market need. In the great southwest area,the main factor is the opening to the side-world.