As the population in the United States increases, it is essential that occupational therapy students and practitioners be aware of, respond to, and effectively interact with clients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Current literature identifies a gap in the cultural competence education for occupational therapy students and has demonstrated the importance of developing a culturally sensitive curriculum that will prepare students for today's work environment. This study employed a quasi-experimental approach with a one group pretestposttest design to explore the development of cultural awareness in occupational therapy students with classroom instruction on culturally sensitive practice. Data was collected from 43 students enrolled in an entry-level master occupational therapy program using the Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity Questionnaire (CASQ) as an online survey. Results indicated a change in the level of students' cultural awareness and sensitivity following classroom instruction. This provides evidence in the growing body of literature on the effective education of cultural competency with occupational therapy students.


A reliable lumped parameters model for an Inductive Coupling Device (ICD) is necessary for many reasons, mainly to develop a robust device. This paper evaluates an analytical method, a method through Finite Element Method (FEM) and two different physical measurement methods. It shows the advantage of FEM over the analytical method, especially in situations with misalignments. It also outlines the two measurement methods using different measurement devices: impedance analyzer and vector network analyzer.


An acceleration sensor has a seismic mass having movable electrodes. The movable electrodes are designed as differential capacitors between two fixed electrodes. Also provided are additional electrodes which are arranged opposite movable electrodes or opposite bending elements on which the seismic mass is suspended. Electrical voltages which are evaluated by the evaluation circuit as acceleration can be applied to the additional electrodes.


This chapter draws together a series of case studies illustrating the application of a variety of modelling approaches relevant to the respiratory domain and also emphasises the range of applications in physiology, medical research, teaching and patient care. Emphasis is place on ensuring that the chosen modelling methodology is well-matched to the purpose of the investigation.


Objective To evaluate the image methods for the diagnosis of the primary ureteric tumors.Methods Nine patients with primary ureteric tumors pathologically confirmed were reviewed, All of them were examined by KUB、IVU and B-Ultrasound. Seven cases were examined by retrograde urography(RU).Two cases were examined by percutaneous antegrade pyelography.Three cases were examined with CT and 2 cases with MRI.Results There were 4 cases with benign tumor(among them 3 cases with peduncle)including 3 cases with polyp,1 case with transitional-cell papilloma.All of them were associated with stones. There were 5 cases with malignant tumor including 4 cases transitional-cell carcinoma and 1 case adenocarcinoma.RU in 7 cases showed cupped、round、oval、striped or varicoid defect.Conclusion RU and perculaneous antesrade pyelography are the optimal methods to figure the contour of tumors in ureter.Striped or varicoid defect are the features of benign tumors.The complete obstruction with round-blumt or irregulett-broken frequently suggested the evidence of malignant tumors.Cupped、round or oval defect are seen both benign and malignant tumor.It is malignant features that the margin of the fill defect appears inrregular.MRU provides one of the optimal imaging techgiques.


An archaeological landscape survey was undertaken (of land 1.55km2 in extent) around and to the east of Stickle Tarn, Great Langdale (centred NY 2950 0750) by Oxford
Archaeology North (OA North) at the request of The National Trust. The programme of work was intended to provide background information for the conservation management of
the landscape and archaeological resource and, specifically, to ensure that the winning of stone for nearby path repair does not affect the archaeological resource. The survey was
undertaken as an enhanced identification survey, which entailed checking of existing National Trust Sites and Monuments Records. It comprised systematic examination of the upland terrain and the recording of the monuments using an EGNOS corrected GPS which is accurate to +- 0.5m.
In total, 88 sites of archaeological interest were identified within the study area. Of these, 36 were already recorded in the National Trust SMR, and a further two were recorded as hazard areas within the Lake District National Park Historic Environment Record (LDNPA HER). One of the principle archaeological resources was a group of Neolithic axe factories discovered on the north and west sides of Stickle Tarn and also on the line of a footpath extending east from the tarn. Most of the sites represent primary working of naturally detached rock, but significantly two of the sites were physically removed from the source
outcrop, and the source rock was probably carried to the site. As such, they would appear to reflect camp sites, and the presence of one of them on an easterly-orientated access
route, would suggest that this was a route used in antiquity.


Objective To examine the expression of lipoxygenases (LOXs)on human pancreatic carcinoma and their effects on proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic carcinoma in vitro.Methods Expression of 5- LOX and 12-LOX in the tissue of human pancreatic carcinoma and pancreatic cancer cell line (SW1990) was detected by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR.To examine the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on pancreatic cancer cell line,the proliferation rate of SW1990 cells treated with arachidouic acid (AA),docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) was analyzed by MTT and the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) methods.An annexinV/propidium iodide (PI) assay with flow cytometry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin end labeling (TUNEL) assay were used to identify potential induction of apoptosis by the unsaturated fatty acids.The effects of 5-LOX inhibitor (MK-886) and 12-LOX inhibitor (baicalein) on the proliferation of SW1990 cells were determined by above methods.Results Both 5-LOX and 12-LOX were over expressed in the tissue of human pancreatic carcinoma and the pancreatic cancer cell line.AA had a stimulatory effect on the growth of SW1990 cells while EPA and DHA had an inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner.The apeptosis of SW1990 cells co-cultured with DHA or EPA lasting for 24 hours was increased markedly.Furthermore, both MK-886 and baicalein in a dose-dependent-manner inhibited the growth of SW1990 cells ard induced a significant increase of apoptotic cells rate.Conclusions Expression of lipoxygenase is up-regulated in human pancreatic cancer. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have regulatory effects on the growth of pancreatic carcinoma in vitro.AA stimulates proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell line,while DHA and EPA suppress proliferation,simultaneously inducing apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell line.Blocking the functions of lipoxygenase with its inhibitor exerts a negative regulatory effect on the growth of pancreatic carcinoma in vitro.Lipoxygenase might be a novel therapeutic target for the pancreatic cancer.


Natural gas reservoirs are plentiful around the world, but many of them currently seem too small, or too remote from sizable population centers, to be developed economically. Furthermore, gas associated with liquid hydrocarbons is often flared for the same reason. According to the United States Department of Energy, a total of 14.8 trillion cubic feet (tcf) of gas was flared or reinjected worldwide in 1995, 4.4 tcf of this amount was in Africa, and 1.2 tcf in Latin America and the Caribbean. In western and southern Africa (excluding Nigeria), there are eight gas fields with reserves ranging between 0.5 and 1.0 tcf, another eight between 0.25 and 0.5 tcf, and over 85 fields with reserves of less than 0.25 tcf. A key challenge, and the subject of this Note, is identifying commercial processes that make marginal gas reservoirs viable. Apart from the economic advantages, such use of gas brings local and global environmental benefits. In all the processes where natural gas is converted to higher value chemicals, the first step is the production of synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Syngas production is very capital intensive and accounts for over half of the total capital cost in most processes. There is much research and development underway to reduce the cost of syngas production. An example of an area under investigation is the development of a ceramic membrane which would allow oxygen ions to permeate through the membrane to react with natural gas directly to form syngas, thereby eliminating the need for expensive air separation.


Over the past years, polymer-supported reagents have been extensively studied and used in various applications. One class of such reagents is called "scavengers," which can be used to easily eliminate compounds in a solution. The present work describes the production of a resin that can be used for scavenging ketones and aldehydes using low-cost reagents and simple reaction steps, named here Amb15-Iso. This resin is obtained by reacting a low-cost commercial sulfonyl resin, Amberlyst-15, with isoniazid, a drug used for the treatment of tuberculosis. Acetone and isobutyraldehyde were used as carbonyl compound models. The reactions were monitored in-line by ATR-FTIR and results showed that the polarity of the solvent influences the kinetics of the production of the resin and water proved to be the fastest solvent. For the scavenging of acetone and isobutyraldehyde, two factors showed to have an impact in the amount of compounds captured: the polarity of the solvent and the solubility of water in the solvent. The capacity of scavenging acetone in water varied from 0.11 to 0.28 mmol per gram of resin, depending on the initial acetone concentration. The equilibrium of this reaction was modeled and the equilibrium constant was calculated to be 0.63 ± 0.07 L mol−1. The resin was also recycled and tested in a second round of scavenging and results showed that there was not much difference between the new resin and the recycled one, proving that the Amberlyst-15 could be reused for a second cycle of scavenging. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42291.


Study on the benefit of urban forest ecological-service function is of theoretical and strategic significance. Focusing on literature research from 2003 to 2013, the paper summarizes the general features of the benefits of urban forest ecological-service function from the following aspects: ecological function division, index-system construction, research methods and value accounting, conclusion, etc, clarifying the research field situation and development rules.


Industrial heavy duty gas turbines (HDGT) are specially designed gas turbines for power generation employed in critical industries such as power generation, oil and gas, process plants, aviation, as well as domestic and smaller related industries. HDGT automation, supervisory and control system are necessary for proper monitory and regulation of industrial production efficiency management. One of the major limitations to the performance of gas turbines is the inadequate control of the exhaust temperature. A peculiar problem in Trans-Amadi power plant, is the fact that increasing load tend to cause the exhaust temperature to rise to a level that leads to the shutdown of the gas turbine in operation. As a result of the frequent shutdown of the heavy duty gas turbine due to unusual temperature rise in proportion to the load increase, the Trans-Amadi power plant power plant like others experiences high fluctuation. The objective of the research is to improve the performance of the supervision and monitoring control of HDGT exhaust temperature. A controller is designed for a typical HDGT exhaust temperature control. The simulation results of the heavy duty gas turbine model and the controller showed that at 13seconds, desired settling time, the load torque drops to zero because gas turbine is now running on full load and it is steady. Also, when the power rises, the designed controller brings the load (or speed) to a steady state, that is 98% or more rated value at full load while regulating the exhaust temperature below rated value at a time of about 13seconds. The work provides an insight into control performance of a 25MW single shaft heavy duty gas turbine for temperature control like the one in TransAmadi power plant.


SVENSON, C., ERNSTSEN, V.B., WINTER, C. and HEBBELN, D. 2009. Tide-driven sediment variations on a large compound dune in the Jade tidal inlet channel, Southeastern North Sea. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 56 (Proceedings of the 10th International Coastal Symposium), 361 – 365. Lisbon, Portugal, ISSN 0749-0258 To understand the interplay of the local hydrodynamics, sediment parameters and geometry of subaqueous dunes, the spatial diversity and temporal change of grain size patterns of a large ebb directed compound dune (L 180m, H 5m) in the Jade tidal inlet channel (German Bight, Southeastern North Sea) were studied. In the course of shifting tidal phases, repeated high resolution bathymetry and current velocity profiles were measured and 72 surface sediment samples were collected. Sediment parameters have been derived to describe grain size composition and statistics, in both space and time. Medium sand with an average mean grain size of 460 μm was the predominant fraction, covering most of the stoss and lee side of the dune. However, across the dune the mean grain size increased from medium sand of 350 μm at the lower lee and stoss sides to coarse sand of 700 μm on the crest. Regarding grain sorting, the bed material was better sorted towards the crest. Temporal sediment patterns were observed in the crest region, where the proportion of fine components decreased in the slack water phases and in the lee zone, where both fine and coarse components increased in proportion during the accelerated flood and ebb phases. The significant coarsening trend from trough to crest can be explained by an increase in flow velocity and transport capacity towards the crest region. So far interpretations of temporal trends are not feasible. ADITIONAL INDEX WORDS: bedforms, grain size, sediment trend


For the safety evaluation of the status quo of domestic and foreign CFDR,quantitative and visually assess the monitoring value is not too much. In this paper,through collecting the slab deflection,dam settlement,peripheral joints deformation,dam seepage and horizontal displacement of CFRD important monitoring project information,it established the most close regression line between the monitoring projects and each main affecting factor and used as dam safety status baseline. It calculated the distance to the reference sample point and the reference line so as to determine the range of values of the monitoring items,and selecting a normal state of the reference samples,using the function to convert the unified level division standards and quantitatively divided into five levels. Empowers the weight value of each evaluation,and on this basis the part of the project team in Shuibuya dam monitoring data to evaluate the Shuibuya CFRD dam safe condition; while taking advantage of other evaluation methods for each dam the evaluation results of the comparison,it confirmed that the method was feasible.


A pressure sensitive adhering floor panel includes a panel body. The panel body has a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface. The first side surface is formed with a male engaging portion, and the second side surface is formed with a female engaging portion for a male engaging portion of another panel body to mate therewith. The second side surface has an upper wall and a lower wall protruding out of the upper wall, and the female engaging portion is arranged between the upper wall and the lower wall. The male engaging portion is designed to be a protrusive rim lengthwise extended toward a width direction of the a first side surface, and the profile of the male engaging portion corresponds to that of the female engaging portion. The female engaging portion is designed to be a longitudinal slot lengthwise caved in from the second side surface, and has a first arc surface and a second arc surface. The panel can betightly fixed on a floor with nails and saves materials and costs, and realizes sound-proof and damping effects.


Grafting of autologous fat into the breast remains controversial, and even surgeons who have embraced it acknowledge there is a need for more data to help define the indications and refine the technique. However, based on their experience, speakers who discussed fat grafting to the breast at the 2011 meeting of The Cutting Edge aesthetic Surgery Symposium concur that with proper technique, it is a safe and effective modality for breast enhancement and correcting deformities that provides durable results.


In this work, we present a femtosecond, fast tunable non-collinear optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) pumped by the third harmonic of a Yb-fiber laser. The NOPO covers nearly the complete visible spectral range from 440-720 nm.


The paper presents a methodology for calculating the cost of production of a unit of electric energy from photovoltaic systems, fixed and 2-axis tracking, according to the designed and constructed system working in the Institute of Electrical Engineering and Electronics of Poznan University of Technology. Assumptions and input data for the analysis, including the discount factor, are presented. A pseudorandom number generator for the assumed range of electric energy variations was created for the purpose of the calculations. The cost of electric energy production with the use of a photovoltaic system with the maximum power of 1,05 kWp was compared with other technologies. (The UNIPEDE method of assessing electric energy generation costs in photovoltaic systems)


In this paper we suggest a conceptual model for the evaluation of periphyton communities in unshaded temperate streams based on the primary habitat variables of flood disturbance, nutrient resource supply and invertebrate grazing. The core of this model is a classification of 35 periphyton taxa into four main functional groups based on the C-S-R life history strategies of Grime. Possible successional trajectories following system-wide disturbances under different nutrient supply regimes are also discussed. The interaction of disturbance and nutrient supply on species membership, productivity and accrual time results in a predicted gradient from low biomass in frequently disturbed, unenriched habitats to high biomass in infrequently disturbed, enriched habitats. This prediction is verified empirically using literature data. Herbivory can strongly modify such periphyton responses to disturbance and resource supply. However, these grazing effects could vary greatly depending on the dominant invertebrate grazer and their total abundance, which inturn, is also sensitive to changes in disturbance and nutrient resource supply. This interaction is also discussed. The conceptual model complements other more general habitat templet and dynamic equilibrium concepts in ecology.


Dysmorphological facial structures result from pathophysiological changes of the boney and bordering cranial structures. For this reason DELAIRE and other authors [1, 2, 3, 4] emphasize the importance of the arcitectonical and structural analysis of the entire scull (fig.3). PRECIOUS and MILES [5] find it indispensable to x-ray the patient for the complete scull analysis using the following parameters: 9mA/s / 80 kV (screen -film combination class 400), distance of 1,5 m (fig.1).


Green innovation efficiency takes environmental and energy factors into consideration. Enhancing green innovation efficiency is a fundamental requirement for China's innovation-driven development. This paper uses the data of industrial enterprises from 30 provinces (cities, districts) in China from 2007 to 2019 and the data envelopment analysis-slack-based measure (DEA-SBM) method to establish a new model for measuring the efficiency of green innovation in industrial enterprises, and compares that efficiency in three major regions of China. In short, the paper examines the relationship between environmental regulations and the green innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises. The research results show that there are significant regional differences in the efficiency of green innovation in Chinese industrial enterprises, and the relevant regions can basically take into account innovation incentives and environmental protection. Industrial enterprises in the eastern region have higher levels of green innovation efficiency, while the central and western regions have lower levels. There is a significant U-shaped relationship between environmental regulations and green innovation efficiency in the whole country and the eastern region; that is, regional green innovation efficiency decreases first and then increases. The environmental regulations in the central and western regions have no significant impact on green innovation efficiency. Relevant research conclusions have important policy implications for setting reasonable forms of environmental regulations to promote the improvement of green innovation efficiency, and then to build a green economic support belt in China.

http://www.pjoes.com/pdf-125767-61053?filename=Research on the Impact of.pdf


Address for Correspondence: Dr. M Shilpa, Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya. Karnataka, India. Mobile No: 7411543525 E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Background: The sural nerve is a major cutaneous nerve of the lower limb that courses through the posterolateral leg to supply the lateral margin of the hindfoot and midfoot and the ankle joint. The sural nerve accompanies the small saphenous vein as it descends in the posterior leg, traveling inferolateral as it crosses the lateral border of the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon. It then passes posterior to the lateral malleolus and terminates as the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve supplying the lateral aspect of the foot. The precise knowledge of Sural Nerve crossing the lateral border of Achilles Tendon at particular distance proximal to Calcaneal tuberosity will help the surgeon to avoid Sural nerve injury at that point in a given leg length. Aim: The objective of the study are: (1)To measure horizontal distance of the Sural nerve in relation to the lateral border of Achilles tendon.(2)To measure length of the lower limb from the base of the heel to flexor aspect of poppliteal fossa. Materials and Methods: The study was done on 64 lower limbs human cadaver specimens which were collected from dissection room from Department of Anatomy,Mysore Medical College, over a period of 2 years.The specimens obtained were fixed in 10% formalin and were finely dissected . Results: In 64 dissected limbs the present study investigated the point at which the sural nerve crosses the lateral border of the Achilles tendon, as measured from the superior aspect of the calcaneal tuberosity. For example, in 42 cms leg length the average point of intersection was at 4.28 cms above the calcaneal tuberosity with an average horizontal distance of -0.85 mms from Achilles Tendon to Sural Nerve. Out of 64 dissected lower limbs, Type A (MSCN+LSCN) Sural nerve formation was seen in 78.1%,Type B(MSCN as Sural nerve) Sural nerve formation was seen in 14.1% and Type C (LSCN as Sural nerve ) was seen in 7.8%. Conclusion : In the present study an attempt is made to measure the exact distance at which the Sural nerve crosses the lateral border of Achilles tendon proximal to Calcaneal tuberosity and this measurement enables Surgeons to identify the location of the sural nerve with 95% confidence intervals, according to the patient's leg length. The present study concludes that the above said anatomic knowledge will assist surgeons in preoperatively predicting where the sural nerve crosses the lateral border of the Achilles tendon, thereby minimizing the risk of iatrogenic injury to Sural nerve.


The ruthenacarboranes 2-( p -cymene)-2,1,7- closo -RuC 2 B 9 H 11 ( 2 ) ( p -cymene = 1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene) and 2-( p -cymene)-2,1,12- closo -RuC 2 B 9 H 11 ( 3 ) have been synthesised by simple metallation of [7,9- nido -C 2 B 9 H 11 ] 2– and [2,9- nido -C2B 9 H 11 ] 2– , respectively. In preparing the known cobaltacarborane 2-(η-C5H 5 )-2,1,12- closo -CoC 2 B 9 H 11 ( 6 ), the new bis(dicarbollide) [2,2′-Co(1,12- closo -C 2 B 9 H 11 ) 2 ] – (as its [(η-C5H 5 ) 2 Co] + salt; 7 ) was also formed. Molecular structures of 2 , 3 , 6 and 7 and that of the known compound 2-(η-C5H 5 )-2,1,7- closo -CoC 2 B 9 H 11 ( 5 ) have been determined. Patterns in 〈δ( 11 B)〉, the weighted average 11 B NMR chemical shift, of these metallacarboranes, together with those in 3-( p -cymene)-3,1,2- closo -RuC2B 9 H 11 ( 1 ) and 3-(η-C 5 H 5 )-3,1,2- closo -CoC 2 B 9 H 11 ( 4 ) are discussed in relation to 〈δ( 11 B)〉 in the parent carboranes 1,2- closo -C2B 10 H 12 , 1,7- closo -C 2 B 10 H 12 and 1,12- closo -C 2 B 10 H 12 . The similarity between the 1 H and 11 B spectra of 6 and 7 confirm the isolobality of the [C5H 5 ] – and [C2B 9 H 11 ] 2– ligands. An electrochemical study of 7 confirms that trends in the potential of the Co III /Co II couple for the series of isomers of (η-C5H 5 )CoC 2 B 9 H 11 are reproduced for the bis(dicarbollides) [Co(C 2 B 9 H 11 ) 2 ] – . The molecular structures of compounds 1 – 3 as a family and 4 – 6 as a family provide a unique opportunity to consider structural patterns in simple isomeric metallacarboranes.


A thermocouple is a device, joined together from two dissimilar metal and/or semiconductor wires, used for measuring temperatures. A thermocouple is not an absolute temperature measuring device. Instead, it is a device that responds to temperature difference between test environment and reference point, that produces a potential difference as the output. Incidentally, the potential difference is proportional to temperature difference between test environment and reference point, and is based on thermocouple materials. The output voltage allows us to backtrack and determine the temperature difference, and ultimately the temperature in test environment.


By learning the producing craft of the melting agent and related equipments, the main factor which affect the Efficiency of the tower of fermented glutinous was analyzed and how to choose the temperature of the top of the tower as the chief controlled data was introduced, The result showed that the top temperature of the tower of fermented glutinous was controlled more steady by using the method of controlling it by steps. So the level of producing the melting agent was greatly improved.


Headrest assembly (14) for a vehicle seat (12, 84), said seat (12, 84) having a seat back (16) and a seating surface (18), and the headrest assembly (14) comprising: a headrest pillars (40, 86) having two leg portions (46, 88) and a cross rod portion (48, 90) of the leg portions (46, 88), wherein the leg portions (46, 88) (for engaging the seat back 16) are formed; a support member (42) connected to the cross bar section (48, 90) and each leg portion (46, 88) of the headrest pillar (40, 86) is coupled, wherein the support member (42) has a laterally elongated, convex surface (76) ; and a compressible pad (44) at least partially enclosing the support member (42), wherein the pad (44) has a convex outer surface (80) for supporting the head of an occupant, characterized, that the convex surface (76) of the support member (42) has a radius of curvature in the range of 10 to 60 millimeters.


The challenge to humanitarianism posed by the vexed question of refugees and asylum seekers lies at the core of articles in this issue. In Western nations its demise is dramatic. Fanning the flames of xenophobia and racial prejudice to deflect attention from political issues is now a common ploy of governments. The problem is such that in 2012, The Council of Europe passed a resolution concerning the portrayal of refugees during election campaigns. The resolution noted Europe's long history of emigration and its need for immigrants at a time of population ageing and a general public perception that refugees erode European cultural traditions. The Assembly regarded xenophobia to be responsible for 'challenging democratic principles and respect for human dignity' and felt that a strategy was needed to combat xenophobia during election campaigns. The problem was the habitual tendency of some candidates and political parties to present 'migrants and refugees as a threat to and a burden on society' (Parliamentary Assembly 2012). The Assembly also pointed out that the use of racist representations as an election ploy encourages the rise of xenophobic populist parties and feeds into more radical government anti-immigration policy. The resolution called for an 'enhanced ethics in politics to help reduce racist tendencies in society' (Parliamentary Assembly 2012) and urged politicians to take responsibility for the elimination of negative stereotyping and the stigmatisation of minority or migrant groups in political discourse and election campaigns.That the Council of Europe, a leading human rights organisation which includes 47 member states, should feel it necessary to comment on the tendency of governments and politicians to incite and inflame irrational fears during election campaigns is indicative of a shameful abdication of political responsibility. In a world where countries with far fewer resources than Western nations host far more refugees and asylum seekers, and where the only long term solution to refugee crisis is the resolution of those conflicts that result in large scale population displacement - making political capital out of misery is simply indefensible.'Refugees' and 'asylum seekers' are emotive terms in many nations, and refugee policy is a highly charged political issue. In Australia, as in other industrialised states, refugees and asylum seekers have come to represent a whole gamut of fears and insecurities including threats to cultural identity, threats to immigration control, threats to jobs, and threats to nation-state sovereignty. Unfortunately governments, politicians and campaign strategists frequently fail in their ethical duty to maintain human rights and the rule of law. The 2001 Tampa affair in Australia is a case in point. The government of the day failed to provide truthful and factual information about asylum seekers and refugees to the general public and played on xenophobic rhetoric to secure and retain political power. The political controversy over the Tampa affair is mentioned in several articles in this issue of Social Alternatives. Suffice it to say here that the Australian government's decision to turn back the Norwegian ship MV Tampa carrying rescued Afghani refugees prompted legal changes and the creation of the Border Protection Bill. Government policy and practice negatively informed public opinion towards refugees arriving by boat and led directly to the re-election of the Howard Liberal-Coalition government (who incidentally were trailing in the polls before the election). Since that time, neither an Australian Liberal-Coalition or Labor leader has spoken out on behalf of refugees and asylum seekers. Nor has any political leader sought to challenge the damning labels such as 'queue jumpers' and 'illegals' used by the popular media to refer to those who arrive on Australian shores by boat.This issue of Social Alternatives discusses refugee policy and the ways various governments respond to asylum seekers and refugees. …


Electric vehicles have been rapidly gaining in popularity in recent years, and with them inductive charging solutions. The ideal stationary charging system requires no input from the user, and places as few restrictions on either parking location, or environmental conditions (i.e. rain or snow) as possible. The success of inductive charging systems is contingent largely on the design of the magnetic coupling components; i.e. the track pad and the pickup. This paper details a new topology for the track pad, consisting of two largely coplanar, partially overlapping coils positioned such that there is no mutual inductance between them. This arrangement prevents interaction of the two coils, and allows the currents within them to be independent in both phase and magnitude. By controlling the phase and magnitude of the two coil currents, the magnetic field can be shaped to assist in power transfer to a pickup underneath an EV.


Fairness and efficiency are the two basic objectives of the health care system design and reform. The problems such as the uneven distribution of medical resources, inadequate investment in hospitals and the lag of health care prevention have led to the problems of "expensive medical treatment", "prolonged delay in disease", "prominent medical disputes", and other social phenomena, making the reform of the medical system something like "press the gourd floating ladle". The "tripartite system reform" of medical care, medical insurance and medicine is aiming to clarify the functions of the hospital, guarantee the income of physicians to be commensurate with their input, stimulate the innovation competition of pharmaceutical enterprises, and exert medical insurance to medical treatment and compensation. The establishment of physicians' multi-site practice as the core of the income distribution system, medical evaluation system, medical development system, medical insurance and relief system, is the key to achieve tripartite system reform.


Abstract Wood fibers, bamboo fibers and rice husk were applied to the adsorption of uranium from aqueous solution to understand the uranium adsorption behavior and mechanism by these natural sorbents. The effects of time, adsorbent particle size, pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature and initial concentration were studied using batch technique. The adsorption mechanism was discussed by isothermal adsorption models, adsorption kinetic models. The results suggested that the three biomass adsorbents showed great efficiency of adsorption for uranium. The adsorption capacity of biosorbents of comparatively small particle size and large dosage is quite high. Uranium adsorption achieved a maximum adsorption amount at around pH 3 for wood fibers and bamboo fibers, and around pH 5 for rice husk. All isotherms fitted well to the Langmuir Freundlich and D-R equation, indicating that the adsorption process is favorable and dominated by ion exchange. Rice husk had a highest adsorption capacity, followed by bamboo fibers, while wood fibers had little uranium adsorption under the studied conditions, and the adsorption capacity was 12.22, 11.27 and 11.04 mg/g, respectively. The equilibrium data was well represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating that the adsorption rate was controlled by chemical adsorption. Ion exchange was the main adsorption mechanism, and the exchange ions were mainly Na+ and K+.


In China, the research of practical navigators is still in its initial stage and more difficult than in other countries with the large area and the complexity of its routes. At present, only several navigators are practical including the vehicle TV voice navigation system designed by us according to the concrete situation of road net in China. Based on GPS vehicle navigation, the topology forming and route analysis of a metropolis with very dense and complex roads are discussed. Under the special embedded circumstances, it must adopt patch method and classification to implement dynamic real time route analysis and topology forming. The patch method can resolve the issue of kinematic allocation, and the classification can reduce and speed up the operations. At the same time, a special process is put forward to compute the route when the vehicle deviates from the route. An ideal effect is realized on the finished navigator.


This article presents procedures for testing hypothesis and interval estimation of the common mean vector in MANOVA models when the covariance matrices are unknown and unequal. The methods are based on the concepts of generalized p-value and generalized confidence interval. Some important statistical properties of the exact test and confidence region are given. For two multivariate normal populations, a minor modification to the combined tests given by Zhou and Mathew (1994a) is proposed. Some simulation results to compare the performance of the proposed tests with others are reported. The simulation results indicate that new tests have significant gain in the power.


The present invention provides a biaxially oriented polyester film, wherein, in a major melting point of 245 ~ 265 ℃ polyester as a main component, the strength index 0 ℃ pocket at or above 2.0, the film 120 ℃ a longitudinal breaking strength of 100MPa or above, the heat resistance of the film, the mechanical strength, impact resistance and excellent flexibility, is particularly useful as a packaging material.


related complications.1,2 According to World Health Organization (WHO) definitions, pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb) values less than 11 g/dL are considered anemic who are further classified as mild (9.5-10.9 g/dL), moderate (7-9.4 g/dL), and severe (below 7 g/dL). The prevalence of anemia depends on multiple factors including the development status of the living place, genetic traits, lifestyles, and eating habits of people. During pregnancy, anemia is detected in 35% to 75% of pregnant women in developing countries in comparison to 18% in developed countries.3 Pregnancy-related anemia most often results from acute blood loss taking place during labor and arises in the form of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA).4 Maternal anemia in pregnancy is commonly associated with preterm delivery, premature birth, and poor pregnancy outcome.5,6 Therefore, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health recommends starting iron therapy in all pregnant women (regardless of they are anemic or not) at a dose of 40-60 mg/day.7


This research defines the public response to changes towards low carbon energy systems. The findings support regional and local energy planners in order to accelerate the energy transition in the Alpine local communities, compatibly with their resources and specificities.
Energy transition is a long-term change process of the energy system towards low carbon features (i.e., more energy production from renewable sources, higher energy efficiency). From a technological point of view, energy system is an integrated system including several energy sources, technologies, and products for energy production, distribution, and consumption. From a social point of view, local population's choices and actions determine the time and the features of energy transition at regional and local scales. Indeed, energy system is not only technology matter. Socio-energy and territorial approaches underline the importance of features and relationships between energy, society, and space.
Based on the interactions between energy, society, and space, this research delineates an analytical framework and an applied definition of socio-energy system at local and translocal scale. Through a systematic literature review of 168 scientific publications, this research defines the list of dimensions and key aspects that shape an energy system at regional and local scales by means of local population's choices. This research uses these dimensions to analyse the socio-energy systems and their variation
within a regional territory. The transformation of these dimensions into variables is the basis for the cluster analysis applied to the South Tyrol case study (Italy). This analysis defines eight different socio-energy systems within this regional territory. Each socio-energy system has its own specificities and resources to take into consideration in the energy planning for accelerating the energy transition. With the aim to propose recommendations on how to use social and territorial specificities as levers for wider achievement of energy targets at local scale, this research proposes a Decision Support Tool addressed to regional and local energy planners. The Decision Support Tool also reports potential collaborations between municipalities with similar specificities and needs in order to save, protect, and share resources for a more effective energy planning.
The collaborations proposed by the Decision Support Tool only partially coincide with the actual collaborations in the energy governance of South Tyrol. Through a Bayesian exponential random graph model, this research identifies the network structures and dynamics that are at the basis of the actual energy governance. Further, the analysis identifies some network configurations that might change the actual network towards an energy
governance that consider the local and translocal specificities.
Concluding, the methodologies used in this research are replicable to other case studies with small adjustments.


The Great Recession has triggered an ongoing discussion on its causes and on the conditions to avoid future crises. Although the international community has considered a number of improvements in the area of policy coordination and regulation of financial markets, the implementation of such measures has been slow and watered down by intervention from various interest groups. As the unfolding debt problems in Europe reveal, the crisis is by far not resolved. The Eurozone has proven to be just a fair weather system which is lacking a long-term stability mechanism and is thus not fit to withstand a major crisis. The paper argues that a reformed system will need on the European level a stringent fiscal coordination mechanism as well as an effective adjustment mechanism to avoid gross divergences in the development of national and regional competitiveness. Otherwise the Eurozone would end up as a transfer union, a vision which is currently repudiated by most political circles.


Abstract : Sea surface temperatures (SST) for the period of July 1970 to June 1976 from Cape Cod, Massachusetts to Miami, Florida were measured during the U.S. Coast Guard Oceanographic Unit's Airborne Radiation Thermometer (ART) monthly surveys. A total of 72 monthly SST contoured isotherm charts are presented which are constructed from data obtained on these surveys. The distribution of 9 species of marine animals as a function of latitude and SST are presented.


From the moment that it was envisioned, the $1,000 decoded genome drew a sardonic rejoinder: Nice, but what about the $1 million analysis? Nonetheless, the decade following the initial decoding of the genome, which cost $3 billion, was characterized by a focus on streamlining the sequencing technology without much of a concern for interpreting all the data. But now, with Illumina claiming to have hit the $1,000 mark with its HiSeq X Ten sequencer earlier this year, attention in genomics has turned to the several stages of analysis that must follow the generation of the sequencing data known as base calls. As with sequencing technology up to now, the focus in data analytics is on cutting time and bringing down costs for researchers. But data analysis providers also have their eye on moving the analysis out of the research arena into the clinic and, eventually, into handheld devices that will ...


The article deals with the issue that is relevant for many countries transport and logistics infrastructure, since logistics, as the most effective, market-oriented way of planning, forming and developing commodity and related flows with the lowest costs in the entire logistics chain, has firmly gained its position in the world market. The authors also highlight the main factors of economic growth, which is the formation of integrated transport and logistics systems that cover individual areas of business, entire regions and countries. One of the effective ways of socio-economic development, both for individual regions of our country and the Republic of Kazakhstan as a whole, is the formation of transport and logistics infrastructure, which determined the relevance of the article taking into account the specifics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The factors and problems that have the greatest impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the functioning and management of transport and logistics systems are identified.


The limitation of evidence production system in China both isn't able to realize the procedural justice, and it will damage the substantive justice, simultaneously will be impossible to raise the efficiency of the trial truly.Only by promoting discovery of the case reality and realizing the fair lawsuit as the basic idea to design the limitation of evidence production system, can the limitation of evidence production system realize its lawsuit values.


The relevance of computer simulation of cotton cropping systems for achieving a sustainable Australian cotton industry is examined. The OZCOT and CERCOT cotton crop models are presented. Model structure is briefly described and the types of applications best suited to crop models are discussed. The past, present and potential future applications of the models are considered.


The present invention relates to a washing machine and a control method for efficient balancing is performed. Control of the washing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, constantly rotating the drum at a first rotation speed and a first unbalance determination step of determining an unbalance amount of the drum; If the unbalance amount of the drum recognized by the first unbalanced determining step to accelerate said drum to a second rotational speed and the second unbalance determination step of determining an unbalance amount of the drum; And the second when the unbalance amount of the drum recognized by the unbalance determination step includes an acceleration step to accelerate to a target rotation speed of the drum.


The present invention relates to a platen (1) attachment for removably fixing a piece propulsion unit (17) to a wing of an aircraft, characterized in that it comprises first connecting means (4, 5 , 8, 13, 14) to enable attachment of said plate on the wing, the second connecting means (24) for fixing the piece propulsion unit on said platen, and third connecting means (7) for attaching a pair of longitudinal members (22) on the handling platine.La present invention also relates to a specific beam, and to an installation comprising a piece propulsion unit fixed in the deck.


Manipulation of ripening, the process that turns hard, flavorless green tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum ) into the juicy, aromatic red fruits enjoyed worldwide, is of particular commercial and biological importance. Significant transcriptional reprogramming is required for synchronized cell wall


In the present paper, we provide general bounds for the torsion in the codimension 2 Chow groups of the products of projective homogeneous surfaces. In particular, we determine the torsion for the product of four Pfister quadric surfaces and the maximal torsion for the product of three Severi-Brauer surfaces. We also find an upper bound for the torsion of the product of three quadric surfaces with the same discriminant.


M ANAGERS of business firms in industry like managers of farn firms make decisions that attempt to maximize profits for the firm. Failure to maximize profits in the long run means either that owners of capital in the business firm receive a lower return on their investment, or that new management or new management decisions are in order. The major difference in decisions of business firm managers and farm firm managers is in magnitude. Business firm decisions usually involve a larger volume of resources and effect many more people. For example, a problem now being considered for a decision in my organization involves directly more than 60,000 dairy farmers, their families and their employees, thousands of milk marketers and their employees, and more than 15,000,000 consumers of fluid milk. Participating in this decision are the officers and employees of cooperatively organized business firms of dairy farmers; employees of proprietary business firms; city, state and federal public servants; individual dairy farmers and consumers.


The impact of global change on biodiversity is commonly assessed in terms of changes in species distributions, community richness and community composition. Whether and how much associations between species, i.e. the degree of correlation in their spatial co-occurrence, are also changing is much less documented and mostly limited to local studies of ecological networks. In this study, we quantify changes in large-scale patterns of species associations in bird communities in relation to changes in species composition.France.2001-2017.Common breeding birds.We use network approaches to build three community-aggregated indices reflecting complementary aspects of species association networks. We characterise the spatio-temporal dynamics of these indices using a large-scale and high-resolution dataset of bird co-abundances of 109 species monitored for 17 years (2001-2017) from 1,969 sites across France. We finally test whether spatial and temporal changes in species association networks are related to species homogenisation estimated as the spatio-temporal dynamics of β-diversity and the proportion of habitat generalists. The consistency of these relationships is tested across three main habitats, namely woodland, grassland and human settlements.We document a directional change in association-based indices in response to modifications in β-diversity and in the proportion of generalists in space and time. Weaker associations and sparser networks were related to lower β-diversity and a higher proportion of generalists, suggesting an overlooked aspect of biotic homogenisation affecting species associations. We report that this overall pattern is not constant across habitats, with opposite relationships between biotic homogenisation and change in species association networks in urban versus forest communities suggesting distinct homogenisation processes.Although species association contain only partial signatures of species interactions, our study highlights that biotic homogenisation translates to finer changes in community structure by affecting the number, strength and type of species associations.


China's population, territory and economy have laid the foundations for its big nation status. Frequent external exchanges have endowed China with international influence. From the qualitative perspective, China has surpassed many developing countries in terms of political efficiency, per capita income, science and technology. Some of its comprehensive indicators rank around 80 th in the world. Judging from the above, international society can be divided into three worlds: the first world consisting of the developed countries such as the U.S., the EU and Japan, the second world of emerging powers including China, Russia, India, Brazil, South Africa and Turkey, and the third world of other developing countries.


ATE systems have many instruments with many ranges. System quality is difficult to manage. Two visualization algorithms for viewing system instrument stabilities are described. A previously derived traceability algorithm is enhanced. Typical results are described.


Abstract Phase-pure copper(II) cyanoguanidine bromide hydrate, Cu(C2N4H4)2Br2·2H2O (1), was precipitated from aqueous solution and its structure was solved and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data at 100 K. 1 crystallizes in space group P21/n with a = 12.09(3) Å, b = 3.925(9) Å, c = 13.79(3) Å, β = 96.62(6)°, Z = 2, and V = 650(2) Å3. The copper(II) cation is coordinated by two cyanoguanidine molecules adopting the cyanoimine shape and four bromide anions in a Jahn–Teller-distorted motif, forming infinite chains of edge-sharing octahedra along the crystallographic b axis. IR spectroscopic and magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in addition to density-functional electronic-structure calculations performed to assess both the magnetic ground state and the exchange interactions. Experiment and theory agree as regards antiferromagnetism and weak magnetic exchange.


Abstract Background: Acupuncture has been used for the enhancement of functional recovery from various disorders. In the present study, the effect of acupuncture on the apoptosis and new cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of gerbils (n = 25) following transient global ischemia was investigated. Methods: To determine the level of apoptosis and cell proliferation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) were employed respectively. Results: In the dentate gyrus of ischemic gerbils, the number of both TUNEL- and BrdU-positive cells (66.01 ± 2.45/mm2 and 514.38 ± 44.90/mm2) was significantly increased compared to that of the sham-operated gerbils (11.25 ± 1.85/mm2 and 111.47 ± 10.95/mm2). Among the acupuncture (ST36, LI4 or non-acupoint) treated groups, ST36 acupoint treated group showed the most potent apoptosis (20.52 ± 2.40/mm2) and proliferation (159.38 ± 24.05/mm2) suppressive effects (∼70% decreases in both apoptosis and cell proliferation). Conclusion: These results may suggest that acupuncture treatment alleviates ischemia-induced apoptosis and presents possible therapeutic potentials in the recovery from ischemic cerebral injury.


This paper presents an RF Electric field assessment at 2.290 [GHz] inside launcher PROTON M/Breeze M long fairings, produced by COMS TM. COMS intentional RE due to TM ON under fairing has been assessed considering PROTON M / BREEZE M fairing characteristics. As fairings of all launchers present similar sizes, a similar E-field level under fairing is expected for the other launchers. As a result, the RE level under faring is compliant with COMS RS limits, but is not compliant with RS requirements of the launcher PROTON M/Breeze M.


With the increasing importance of technology in the hotel industry, understanding the significance of training in human resource management (HRM) for digital employees is crucial. This paper aims to evaluate the impact and necessity of HRM training on the proficiency and efficiency of digital employees within the hotel sector. In the evolving digital era, the hotel industry is transitioning, necessitating changes in the human resource management (HRM) training practices. This study investigates the impact of HRM training on digital employees in the hotel industry by surveying 50 HR managers and 150 digital employees. The results emphasize the importance of consistent, up-to-date training and its correlation with enhanced job performance and satisfaction among digital employees.


Eukaryotic cells are constantly exposed to various environmental stimuli. It remains largely unexplored how environmental cues bring about epigenetic fluctuations and affect heterochromatin stability. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, heterochromatic silencing is quite stable at pericentromeres but unstable at the mating-type (mat) locus under chronic heat stress, although both loci are within the major constitutive heterochromatin regions. Here, we found that the compromised gene silencing at the mat locus at elevated temperature is linked to the phosphorylation status of Atf1, a member of the ATF/CREB superfamily. Constitutive activation of MAPK signaling disrupts epigenetic maintenance of heterochromatin at the mat locus even under normal temperature. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of Atf1 impairs its interaction with heterochromatin protein Swi6HP1, resulting in lower site-specific Swi6HP1 enrichment. Expression of non-phosphorylatable Atf1, tethering Swi6HP1 to the mat3M-flanking site or absence of the anti-silencing factor Epe1 can largely or partially rescue heat stress-induced defective heterochromatic maintenance at the mat locus.


The paper deals with a newly recorded genus of family Eresidae:Stegodyphus.Otherwise,the tax-onomic status of Eresus daliensis is revised.And detailed color morphological characteristics of body and ecological photo are presented.


This article is concerned with kinematic calibration issues arising from a wrist mounted camera: the so-called hand-eye kinematic calibration problem. Dual quaternions are used for the parameterization of the rigid transformation. A simple method is derived to obtain a closed form solution to the problem. Also a fine calibration technique using the gradient descent method is discussed in the presence of measurement noise.


IN THE EARLIER ESSAY of which this one is the sequel, lines 1025-1029 of the Agamemnon were considered in themselves and in the immediate context of the third stasimon of that play (Phoenix 39 [1985] 99-118). It is now possible to widen the scope of the discussion to an examination of some fundamental concerns of the entire Oresteia and then to an evaluation of perhaps the most prominent aspect of Aeschylus' style-his massive use of figurative language. In the end we shall be led to confront questions of poetic and dramatic meaning in the trilogy. We shall not, however, leave Agamemnon 1025-1029 behind. The discussion will be grounded in those lines and will serve two complementary and inseparable aims: to pursue the implications of those lines as they were interpreted in the first essay, and to provide further support for that reading by putting the lines in the context of the Oresteia as a whole. There are two justifications for this extension of the earlier argument, one general and the other arising out of this particular case. First, as every reader of Aeschylus must be aware, a single passage, or even a phrase, will often have complex connections with other passages throughout the trilogy and cannot be considered in isolation. This is a mark of the wonderful unity of idea and theme in the Oresteia. Secondly, the lines in question, interpreted as I have done, provide the most general formulation in the entire trilogy of the nature of dike; and as we shall see, the issue of the use of language, which is also raised by these lines, is intimately related to that concept.


Within the image-to-image translation framework, single image de-raining can be addressed by training a network with pairs of rainy and clean images, and training the network can be interpreted as learning to distill knowledge from the clean contextual regions to predict the corrupted pixels. To overcome the problem of over or under de-raining with existing models, a bi-attention mechanism is formulated for better rainy image restoration including both raindrop and rain streak removal. Specifically, the contextual attention map (directing where to focus on the background scenes) and rainy attention map (indicating corrupted regions to process) are firstly learned, and are then concatenated with the rainy image as input to the de-raining network for more effective representation learning and rainy image restoration. To better model the non-uniformly distributed raindrops or rain streaks and generate detail-preserving de-rained images, a multi-branch multi-scale module is proposed and incorporated into the dense residual blocks, which are stacked for constructing the bi-attention guided single image de-raining network. Comprehensive evaluation on both synthetic and real rainy datasets demonstrates the superiority of the proposed models over other methods.


It is always a pleasure to appear before a group of antitrust lawyers. First of all, good dining makes for a pleasant lawyer, and I have it on judicial authority that you are a well-fed group indeed?in a recent case it was held that a reasonable fee for your time is $50 per hour.1 After counting noses in the audience, and doing the appropriate arithmetic, it occurred to me that Fm about to blow quite a wad with these remarks of mine. The only thing that persuaded me to continue beyond three minutes was a second thought that occurred to me? maybe the $50 rate only applies when you're standing up.


S characterized by the age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass coupled with diminished muscle strength or/and reduced physical performance, has attracted significant research and clinical interest. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), in the years 2014 and 2019, issued diagnostic consensus statements which have garnered substantial citation and recognition within the scientific community. Comparing the diagnostic accuracy of the AWGS 2019 consensus with the previous AWGS 2014 guidelines using a prospective cohort of 731 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years, it was found that AWGS 2019-defined sarcopenia was associated with a significant mortality risk (HR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.04–2.54, p = 0.034) after accounting for confounders, while AWGS 2014-defined sarcopenia was not. The AWGS 2019 criteria exhibited better predictive capability for mortality and were superior in identifying sarcopenia-related mortality risk, suggesting their potential utility in improving health outcomes for older adults. Besides, the AWGS also offers practical guidance on areas including malnutrition, dietary factors, supplementation, lifestyle interventions, and COVID-19's impact, with the goal of enhancing equitable care for this population. Despite the diligent research efforts of the AWGS, the practical application of sarcopenia screening, diagnosis, and treatment within clinical practice remains ambiguous.


College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University. King Faisal General Hospital. *Corresponding Author's E-mail: email@example.com Saudi Arabia has a high prevalence of consanguineous marriage and genetic disorders. Saudi Human Genome Program is specifically mapping the genomes of Saudis to identify prominent genetic traits and characteristics of Saudi society. The success of the Saudi Genome Program is highly dependent on the Saudi population embracing the concept of participating in genetic testing. The study aimed to measure the knowledge of the Saudi population about the Saudi genome program and their attitude towards it. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected in November 2021. Participation is through an anonymous online survey. The questionnaire was created, validated, and produced electronically in Google Forms. A total of 316 participants completed the survey, representing 85.6%. More than half (56.3%) of the participants with high knowledge scores related to genetic testing and the Saudi genome project. (33.5%) of participants were aware of where genetic testing is performed. In terms of the future attitude toward genetic testing, (71.5%) expressed willingness to undergo genetic testing. The results of our study revealed that the majority of participants (82%) agreed that genetic counseling was important. The majority of participants (81.6%) had a positive outlook towards genetic testing and genome programs. In conclusion, this study delivers insight into the Saudi population's knowledge and attitudes regarding genetic testing and the Saudi Genome Program. Overall, the study found that attitudes towards genetic testing and the Saudi Genome Program were positive. Nevertheless, over half of the participants reported inadequate knowledge, which needs to be addressed in health education programs and media.


Immediately after the 2008 election, the former French minister of culture Jack Lang hailed President-elect Barack Obama as '' the kind of American we love. His is the America of jazz and Fitzgerald and Faulkner and Kerouac and Kennedy. '' That '' the King of the Beats '' would be linked to two of the nation's most admired novelists and to the most beloved of postwar Presidents is one index of the fascination that a literary movement spawned at the scraggly margins of an affluent society continues to exert. Whatever the merits of On the Road and the whole ''Legend of Duluoz'' series, only the most daring or eccentric of critics would express comparable enthusiasm for Yoknapatawpha County or for The Great Gatsby. The special merit of Christopher Gair's supremely intelligent study is its awareness that the Beats still attract attention for extra-literary reasons. The disheveled lives that these novelists, poets, and wannabe literati led cannot be separated from the heartfelt works they left behind. This slim volume is therefore a contribution to social history ; belles-lettres is only part of the story, if that. The Beats celebrated freedom, yet also exuded danger that crossed the line into homicide. They wanted ''kicks, '' but sometimes flirted with the madness that could be reconfigured as social criticism. They produced at least two great poems (''Howl '' and ''Kaddish ''). But they also brandished the rap sheets of criminals. Such combinations are irresistible. The Beat Generation treats its subject sympathetically and perhaps even a little generously, and within the limitations of brevity is quite comprehensive as well. John Clellon Holmes, the author of Go, is included, even though he was more observer than participant. The women who hooked up with this movement are among the ''Other Voices, '' and Gair analyzes their memoirs of relationships with writers who cherished a homosocial environment. The weakest chapter consists of obligatory summations of Kerouac's dozen novels, which not even Gair's fluency and crispness can bring to life. He is at his best in complicating the very meaning of the noun in his title. In 1957, when Kerouac got famous, he was too old (b. 1922) to be an authentic spokesman for the young, who by then were digging rock 'n ' roll rather than jazz. He had already written, starting in the previous decade, several of the novels that he had not yet managed to get published. William Burroughs was even older (b. 1914), and shunned the public role that proved too much for the harddrinking Kerouac. The Beats constituted a ''generation '' of shifting and thin connections, united less by common experiences than by urgent emancipatory needs. Not only did roads to liberation and enlightenment cross the continent, between New York and San Francisco. Doors of perception also opened in Mexico, Tangier, India, and Japan. Thus parochialism did not hamper the Beats, whom this book nicely situates within an international setting where their allure continues to be felt.


Nanosensors are generally integrated into flexure translation stages to form a closed-loop feedback to control the movement of the stage accurately in a nano-scale order.To evaluate the displacement of nano-stages,a calibration system based on a single frequency triple-beam laser homodyne interferometer with a sub-nanometre resolution was developed to calibrate the precision of the linear nano-stage with a capacitive feedback sensor.The triple-beam configuration and its linear and angular measuring principles were described to reflect how the linear and angular displacements(yaw pitch) of the stage could be determined accurately.The experimental results demonstrate that the system is capable of calibrating the nano-stage with a linear displacement up to 320 μm and an angular deviation up to 3.5″.The error sources of the proposed calibration system were also highlighted in the measurement uncertainty analysis,and it shows that the expanded uncertainty of measurement with a coverage factor k=2 is estimated as(1.8+1.23×10-2 L) nm,where L is the displacement in μm.The results demonstrate that the proposed system can evaluate the movement performance of nano-stages efficiently.


Preparing school students for adulthood and for the world of employment is an increasing policy focus in Australia and internationally. Supporting young people preparing for work, while they are still at school, is a complex task and schools cannot do it in isolation. Since the early 1990s, when Vocational Education and Training (VET) programs were introduced into Australian secondary schools, the growth of partnerships between schools, TAFEs, workplaces and community organisations has been unprecedented. The majority of secondary schools form partnerships with a number of organisations, ranging from other education and training providers to community groups, businesses and associations to support attainment, qualifications and pathways to work.


A catalytic polarographic method for simultaneous determination of lead and cadnium was described. In a base solution containing hydrochloric acid-ascorbic acid-sodium tartrate-potassium iodide-phosphoric acid a sensitive wave of lead and cadnium was obtained. The linear relation between the concentration and their peak height were in the range of 0.1-4g/mL. The method was applied to the determination of lead and cadnium in the North-East crayfish. 


Based on a unique, hand-collected dataset of 262 UK SMBO deals, we analyze the relationships between changes in board composition and SMBO performance. We find that board size and the appointment of PE directors are positively associated with pre SMBO performance, especially growth. However, we find no evidence that the likelihood of top management change increases in buyouts with poor pre-SMBO performance. We also find that the presence of new PE directors can improve profitability in our full sample. Directors' skills are positively related to improvements in growth, but mainly in the PE-backed sample. Larger board size benefits to profitability in PE backed subsample and employment growth in non PE based subsample. The results are robust to sample selection bias.


Abstract The use of precautionary management actions within a fisheries context has generally been limited to reducing fishing mortality. By the use of quantitative models, overfishing thresholds can be determined and actions can be taken to reduce the probability of further population declines and to allow rebuilding. Within this context, four management approaches have been defined (i.e., preventive approach, corrective approach, precautionary approach, and precautionary principle) on the basis of levels of uncertainty in the information used to make decisions and the potential cost of errors as a result of those decisions. In this paper, I apply these approaches to developing a precautionary and adaptive habitat management framework. Fishing effort metrics are used to develop estimates of the area of seafloor impacted by fishing, and thresholds are proposed to trigger specific types of management actions. Information needs include the cumulative area impacted by all gears, the distribution of habitats ...


The long-term performance data of copper indium diselenide (CIS) and gallium-alloyed CIS (CIGS) photovoltaic (PV) modules are investigated to assess the reliability of this technology. We study and report on numerous PV modules acquired from two manufacturers (A and B), deployed at NREL's outdoor test facility (OTF) in various configurations in the field: some are free standing, loaded with a fixed resistance and periodically tested indoors at STC; other modules are connected to data acquisition systems with their performance continuously monitored. Performance is characterized using current-voltage (I-V) measurements obtained either at standard test conditions or under real-time monitoring conditions: the power parameters plus other factors relating to quality like diode quality factors or series resistance are analyzed for changes against time. Using standard diode analysis to determine the sources of degradation indicates that CIS modules can exhibit between moderate and negligible degradation, with the dominant loss mode being fill factor declines along with decreases in open-circuit voltage, for illumination intensities near 1-sun. At lower intensities, current losses can appear appreciable. The real-time performance data also indicate that fill factor loss is the primary degradation mode, generally as a result of increases in series resistance.


Fish and other organisms with aquacultural potential live in water, thus, it is no surprise that professional fish culturists state that "Water quality determines to a great extent the success or failure of a fish cultural operation" (Piper et al. 1982). Because water is an essential requirement for fish farming, any properly prepared business plan for aquaculture must describe the quality and quantity of water available for the proposed enterprise. An experienced aquaculturist can judge whether the water is suitable for the proposed enterprise. The objective of this report is to present a brief overview of a few physical and chemical qualities of water that are of importance to aquaculture—the business of fish farming. Although the quantity of water available is of primary importance, only water quality factors are considered here.


A dental health examination of 908 inhabitants, 40 years of age and over, of Ueno, Okinawa, was carried out in concurrence with a general health examination.This study is deals especially with dental caries and general diseases. The prevalence of dental caries was 81.8%, and the prevalence of untreated dental caries was 42.6%, and these decreased with advancing age. This tendency was particularly marked in those aged 70 years and over, and also indicated the influence of the high rate of missing teeth in inhabitants of this age. The ratio of carious teeth, the ratio of untreated teeth, and the ratio of missing teeth increased with advancing age. This tendency was particularly marked in those aged 80 years and over.Some general diseases were present in 55.5% of the inhabitants examined, 36.4% of whom were suffering from two diseases or more. Particularly in subjects aged 60 years and over, the prevalence was as high as 67.6%, 58.9% of which were evaluated as requiring treatment. The incidence of locomotorial, connective tissue and cardiovascular diseases, and nervous, sensory diseases was high, and 28.1% of the sujects with carious teeth requiring treatment were also suffering from gneral diseases for which treatment was necessary. The incidence of general complications in the subjects aged 60 years and over was particularly high, 37.7%. These results suggest that it is necessary to formulate a new medical examination system that will be able to accomodate general conditions in the aged for the establishment of dental science and treatment in this group.


In order to discover the rules of soil nitrogen transformation in dryland wheat fields,especially with whole film-mulched casing bunch.we studied three treatments:whole film-mulched casing bunch(T1),traditional film-mulched(T2)and uncovered bunch(CK).Spring wheat and winter wheat were planted.Colorimetric method was used to determine the content of soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen at the seedling stage,jointing stage and harvest stage of wheat.The results showed that,in the third years after once fertilization,the nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the depth of0~60cm soil decreased with soil depth increased gradually,and considerable residual nitrate nitrogen in the depth of 80~160cm soil.Spring wheat and winter wheat with different treatments showed"S"type on soil nitrate nitrogen content at different growth stages,and there was an extremum in the depth of 120~160cm soil.Compared with the uncovered bunch,whole film-mulched casing bunch and traditional film-mulched can make better use of 0~80cm soil nitrate nitrogen.The content of ammonium nitrogen in the plough layer(0~20cm)was higher than any layer,and decreased with the in-crease of soil depth gradually.Whole film-mulched casing bunch and traditional film-mulched reduced the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil lawyer of 0~60cm at different growth stages of spring wheat and winter wheat.


We solve the spontaneous-emission problem for an atom coupled to a standing-wave cavity mode. The interaction between the atom and the cavity mode is treated nonperturbatively with the quantized motion of the atom along the cavity axis included. Results are presented for the spontaneous-emission spectrum and the final momentum distribution of the atom. For equal atomic and cavity linewidths analytical results are obtained using a Bloch-state basis (eigenstates of the coupled atom and cavity mode); these are compared with results calculated in the Raman-Nath approximation. The case of unequal linewidths may be solved numerically using the eigenstates of the uncoupled atom and cavity mode as a basis, or analytically by making a secular approximation in the Bloch-state basis. The distribution of final atomic momentum shows that under strong-coupling conditions the atom is diffracted by its radiation reaction field. We compare the spontaneous emission spectra with spectra calculated by treating the motion of the atom classically. Generally there is good agreement when the classical results are averaged over the quantum-mechanical uncertainty in the initial position of the atom. The agreement is lost for sufficiently strong dipole coupling or sufficiently light atoms. Then, spectra that are symmetric in the classical treatment are asymmetric in the quantum treatment due to energy exchange between the internal degrees of freedom and center-of-mass degrees of freedom of the atom.


According to the " Fifth Census " , the population in Beijing has been up to 13,819,000 , which is 5.9 times that the water resource bears . In addition , the increase of the quantity of water used in industry and agriculture has already exceeded the bearing strength of water resource greatly . Beijing has been made one of the cities , in which there is serious lack of water. It will be a good countermeasure of controlling the quick population growth in Beijing to tap new source of supply and reduce consumption in utilization of water and to reduce some of the city functions along with the immigration policy at control .


(57) Abstract: The node controller (12) includes a local block unit that receives and processes requests and response packets (28). Request module of the local block unit (28) (30) receives the request packet to the request packet to determine if it contains an error. If it does not contain any errors, the request module (30) is transferred to invalidate module for processing the local invalidation request (32), further processor module for processing the program output read and write requests ( and transfers it to the 34). If an error is detected, request module (30) forwards the request packet to the register module (40). Register module (40) stores the header content of the request packet, and the data contents, the header register (70, 72), and the data register (80). Error bit error register (50) corresponding to the error of the identified format is set. Register module (40) generates an interrupt signal (52) in response to setting the error bit error register (50). The interrupt signal (52) selects the processor (16) is applied an interrupt to the processor interface unit (24) for processing the error over. The error is, the header register (70, 72) the header and data information, and to insert the data register (80), request module (30) by a program input write operation and via the processor module (34) It can be inserted Te. Therefore, the software error handling is caused by setting the desired error in the error register (50).


Histological changes, particularly those of apparent demyelination, are known to be present in the brains of subjects with phenylketonuria (Poser and van Bogaert, 1959; Crome, Tymms, and Woolf, 1962), and this has been found in association with a loss of cerebrosides (Crome et al., 1962). Recently in a few cases of this condition a disturbance of the fatty acid composition of cerebrosides and sulphatides has been described (Foote, Allen, and Agranoff, 1965; Menkes, 1966). We have examined the lipid content of the brain in four cases of phenylketonuria, one being the case described by Poser and van Bogaert (1959), and in one case the fatty acid distribution in cerebroside and sulphatide together with the phospholipid plasmalogens have also been determined and the findings that have been obtained are reported here.


Sarah Hamilton explains how to deal with the problem of threadworm infections which affect many children, as well as adults


National Institute of Technology, Trichy, TamilNadu, India Summary The growth of technologies has made it possible for the introducti on and use of autonomous vehicles that can be operated in any ha zardous environment. Unmanned Ground Vehicles, a kind of auto nomous vehicles are widely seen in military/defense departments and mining areas. Unmanned Ground vehicle (UGV) is intended t o move on a land or any surface. The significance of such vehicle s is that they can be extensively used for longer duration and circu mstances which are harmful to people. Tracking the mobility of s uch vehicle is an essential component to ensure the success of the operation. Vehicles may be lost due to any natural or manmade ca lamities, in which case, tracking becomes a critical issue. Someti mes, the position of UGV cannot be located by the controller (at r emote) due to communication link failures. To locate the lost vehi cle and also to define safety of the vehicle, location prediction me chanisms become an essential solution. In this paper, we have foc used on a frame work to track the location of the lost UGVs, using various prediction methodologies.


The project studies health care communication to rural people in developing countries with special reference to Malawi. The broad aims were to investigate the problems of disseminating health information, and to explore ways which might lead to effective and efficient transfer of the relevant information. Field surveys were carried out in Malawi among a predominantly illiterate sample. Respondents were asked to indicate their perceived sources of health information and how they went about seeking information. The same sample was used for a health knowledge test on AIDS and bilharzia to assess their claim for knowledge and levels of awareness of the two diseases. Contact: Joseph J. Uta; tel. 522222; fax: 523225; e-mail: email@example.com. fidonet.org.


Most patients affected by Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) develop transfusion dependence, which can be correlated with poorer outcomes partially caused by transfusional iron overload. Oral iron chelator deferasirox was approved in 2005 for the treatment of chronic iron overload due to blood transfusions, inclusive of transfusion-dependent lower IPSS risk (1-2). A prospective, open-label, single arm, Italian multicenter study (GIMEMA MDS0306) has been proposed to establish the safety and efficacy of deferasirox in a real-world population of transfusion-dependent lower IPSS MDS patients(3). This letter is an update of the GIMEMA MDS0306 study describing the results of the observational phase, in order to evaluate, clinical and laboratory information during the three years since the end of the experimental phase for the patients who completed the 12 months of deferasirox treatment with the intention to continue to take the drug during the follow-up. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Highlight: A Douglasfir-ponderosa pine-Kentucky bluegrass community was studied 14 years after grazing by cattle and big game, by big game, and no cattle or big game grazing. Heavy season-long use by cattle and big game resulted in apparent retrogression. The herbaceous component of the community was substantially changed by cattle and big game grazing but not by big game grazing alone. Grazing by cattle and big game and big game only had similar effects on the browse components of the community.


A simulation/optimization model is developed for maximizing irrigated crop yield while avoiding unacceptable pesticide leaching. The optimization model is designed to help managers prevent non-point source contamination of shallow groundwater aquifers. It computes optimal irrigation amounts for given soil, crop, chemical, and weather data and irrigation frequencies. It directly computes the minimum irrigated crop yield reduction needed to prevent groundwater contamination. Constraint equations used in the model maintain a layered soil moisture volume balance; describe percolation, downward unsaturated zone solute transport and pesticide degradation; and limit the amount of pesticide reaching groundwater. Constraints are linear, piecewise linear, nonlinear, and exponential. The problem is solved using nonlinear programming optimization. The model is tested for different scenarios of irrigating corn. The modeling approach is promising as a tool to aid in the development of environmentally sound agricultural production practices. It allows direct estimation of trade-offs between crop production and groundwater protection for different management approaches. More frequent irrigation tends to give better crop yield and reduce solute movement. Trade-offs decrease with increasing irrigation frequency. More frequent irrigation reduces yield loss due to moisture stress and requires less water to fill the root zone to field capacity. This prevents the solute from moving to deeper soil layers. Yield-environmental quality trade-offs are smaller for deeper groundwater tables because deeper groundwater allows more time for chemical degradation.


Aspirin plays a key role in the secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events and thrombotic complications after stent implantation and aspirin sensitivity is a limitation for the implantation of bare-metal and drug-eluting coronary stents. Several desensitization protocols have been described. In this report, desensitization by introducing IFN-gamma as an immunomodulatory adjuvant was successful for the patients who required early invasive management and the prompt administration of aspirin but failed the classical desensitization by showing allergic symptoms and signs during desensitization.


The report presents the results of mathematical analyzes of patients with heart failure, ischemic heart disease and a healthy control group. The studies were performed in the time and frequency domains, using linear methods on the heart rate variability of real holter records. The obtained results show significant differences between the obtained parameters in diseased and healthy individuals.


In this paper, we concern trace Trudinger-Moser inequalities on a compact Riemann surface with boundary. This kind of inequalities were originally obtained by Liu [19], extended by Li-Liu [16] and Yang [30, 31]. We prove the existence of extremal functions via the method of blow-up analysis. The results in the current paper generalize those of Li-Liu [16] and Yang [32].


From the perspective of pragmatics,hedges can be divided into two kinds:approximators and shields.This paper discusses rich pragmatic functions of hedges in communication in order to achieve our communicative aims properly.


paratus. At least in primitive societies a transformation of the economic infrastructure does not automatically bring about a change in the political superstructure. Clastres points to several different societies with the same infrastructures but different superstructures, and several others with the same superstructure but fundamentally different economies. It is not material change which is decisive in transforming the primitive into the proto-modern, but political revolution, "that mysterious emergence—irreversible, fatal to primitive societies—of the thing we know by the name of the State" (p. 171). By claiming that the political follows a dynamic independent of the material, Clastres concretizes the assertions of Habermas and the new philosophers that language (intersubjective meaning) and social liberation cannot be explained by a theory whose principal category is labor. Clastres' critique of Marx and his assertion that primitive societies are noncoercive are considerably weakened by the fact that the societies he describes already depend on a rigid division of labor: that men need work only two months in four years is made possible by the continuous labor of women, something which Clastres inexplicably ignores. Nonetheless, Society Against the State contains a wealth of information and critical insight, the value of which cannot be gainsaid.


The use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is growing in the clinical arena due to its ability to provide 3-D information during interventions, its high diagnostic quality (sub-millimeter resolution), and its short scanning times (60 seconds). In many situations, the short scanning time of CBCT is followed by a time consuming 3-D reconstruction. The standard reconstruction algorithm for CBCT data is the filtered backprojection, which for a volume of size 256 takes up to 25 minutes on a standard system. Recent developments in the area of Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) make it possible to have access to high performance computing solutions at a low cost, allowing for use in applications to many scientific problems. We have implemented an algorithm for 3-D reconstruction of CBCT data using the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) provided by NVIDIA (NVIDIA Cor., Santa Clara, California),which was executed on a NVIDIA GeForce 8800GT. Our implementation results in improved reconstruction times from on the order of minutes, and perhaps hours, to a matter of seconds, while also giving the clinician the ability to view 3-D volumetric data at higher resolutions. We evaluated our implementation on ten clinical data sets and one phantom data set to observe differences that can occur between CPU and GPU based reconstructions. By using our approach, the computation time for 256 is reduced from 25 minutes on the CPU to 4.8 seconds on the GPU. The GPU reconstruction time for 512 is 11.3 seconds, and 1024 is 61.4 seconds.


Antiproton annihilation at rest in gaseous hydrogen (16 bar pressure) to the (cid:12)nal states (cid:26)(770)X and f 2 (1270)X, where X stands for one or more neutral mesons, has been studied at LEAR using the CPLEAR


At steady state both surface- and transport-controlled reaction rates can be expressed in a single form which resembles a first-order rate law. This rate law includes a dimensionless parameter analogous to the Biot number of heat transfer, and the Damkohler number of combustion physics. This parameter is useful for predicting the rate-controlling step reaction for overall mineral dissolution or growth. For cases in which this parameter is much larger than 1, the reaction rate is controlled by solute transport through a boundary layer. When the parameter is much less than 1, the reaction rate is surface controlled. Because the activation energies for surface-controlled reactions are generally much larger than those of diffusion, one anticipates that reaction mechanisms may vary from surface to transport control with increased temperature. As an illustration, this parameter is used to predict the rate-controlling step reaction for quartz, calcite, and brucite dissolution as a function of temperature.


ABSTRACT The plants included in genus Hemerocallis have a history of traditional use in medicine, food, and ornamentation, and they are widely cultivated in Asia, Europe, and North America. However, up to now, a comprehensive summary, especially concerning its chemical constituents and biological activities, is still lacking. Statistics as of 31 December 2020, showed that a total of 266 secondary metabolites including 110 volatile components, 41 flavonoids, 39 alkaloids, 29 terpenoids, 14 anthraquinones, 15 phenylpropanoids and 18 other types of compounds have been found in Hemerocallis plants. Meanwhile, modern pharmaceutical research has shown that many bioactive constituents display versatile pharmacological activities, such as anti-depression, antibacterial, anti-tumour, anti-oxidative, insecticide, sedative and hypnotic, thus providing a scientific basis for the further exploitation and utilisation of this important resource.


ABSTRACT In this paper, we explored the influence of sources of motivation on young women's career choice in secondary schools in New Zealand and their interest in construction-related careers. We employed internal sources of motivation – Maslow's hierarchy of needs; and external sources of motivations – individual in close association with young women and social media to achieve this aim. These factors were supported by past research in career choice and the construction industry. A questionnaire survey was carried out on young women in a secondary school in Auckland, New Zealand and statistical analysis using ANOVA and Pearson's correlation was used to ascertain correlations and their level of significance. We found that mothers and self-actualization needs were the most important external and internal sources of motivation for young women to make a career choice. Concerning the construction-related careers investigated, we found that the perception of their friends, information circulated on social media and being safe (Security needs) influenced the young women's interest in pursuing a quantity surveying career. On the other hand, the desire to be socially accepted (Social needs) deterred young women from choosing construction management as a future career. The result of this study showed that young women's perception of construction-related careers depends on the career itself. It suggests that there may be careers that will be perceived positively by young women and therefore, should be explored. The results of this study are essential as they provide insights into a current issue for the construction industry. Recruitment programmes targetted on these sources of motivation are recommended to increase the interest of young women on construction-related careers.


As an alternative to autogenous bone grafting, deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) is a widely used scaffold for bone repair. However, it lacks intrinsic osteoinductivity. The aim of this study was to improve the osteoinductivity of DBB for clinical bone repair through sequential delivering bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). By culturing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) with different concentrations of BMP-7 and IGF-I, the optimal dose was determined to enhance cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Osteogenic related genes (Runx2, OPN and ALP) were investigated to evaluate the effects of sequential application of growth factors on osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. Then the optimal delivery system with sequential release of BMP-7 and IGF-I was developed on DBB by IGF-I incorporated calcium phosphate (CaP) coating and BMP-7 adsorption (IGF-I inc. & BMP-7 ads.). ASCs were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. IGF-I inc. & BMP-7 ads. DBB increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of ASCs. In vivo, ectopic bone formation was examined using rat models. Osteoid tissue was observed to be greatest in the IGF-I inc. & BMP-7 ads. group compared with the other groups six weeks after implantation. In vitro and in vivo results of this study suggested that sequential release of BMP-7 and IGF-I could enhance the osteoinductive property of DBB.


The article applies the concepts of media socialization, media literacy, and media hygiene to the problem of human adaptation to the digital environment. The interaction of humans with the digital environment is described from the viewpoint of media ecology, but the ecological paradigm is reversed: what is at issue is not the protection of the environment from humans, but rather the protection of humans from the digital environment. The development of the digital environment is only a few decades old. Humans have no experience of living amid environmental confusion and temporal compression. The task of media ecology is to help humankind develop the skills of living in a digital environment. Media socialization develops norms for the children who enter the digital world with little experience of social interaction in the real world. Media literacy is a method of teaching people to use technical and social interfaces for interaction within a new environment. Media hygiene guides people to "prosume" content in the digital environment safely.