Subjective analysis of thermal comfort of occupants relates to the recording of the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of occupants with regard to indoor environmental conditions on a scale which ranges from −5 to +5. This requires recruitment of subjects and matching for gender, age etc. In this study, we have tried to predict the thermal comfort of occupants by observing their real behavior inside the test room fitted with a novel thermoelectric air duct (TE-AD) cooling system rather than a conventional air conditioning system. Firstly, real experimental data were collected for more than two months from the test room equipped with the TE-AD cooling system operated at an input power supply of 6 A and 5 V. After that, the ANN model was developed based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm by taking experimental parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity, globe temperature, wind speed, metabolic rate, and clothing value as model input. The ANN model is optimized by developing different models with different data points as a starting input in the training and validation process. The neuron optimization has been carried out in these models to minimize the mean square error (MSE) for the ANN model. The result shows that among the three models M1, M2, and M3, the optimum predictive mean value (PMV) was obtained from M1 at 10 neurons with MSE of 0.07956, while for predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD), M3 gives optimum accuracy at 10 neurons with MSE value of 5.1789. The ANN model is then generalized to predict thermal comfort for one week and then for one month. Finally, all the model results were validated with the experimental data.


In this paper, for the first time, we have proposed a half-adder using single-electron transistors (SETs) operating at room temperature. The proposed circuit has been designed based on SET logic, and multi-gate SETs based on silicon quantum dots with 2 nm diameters operating at room temperature have been used as switching transistors. In logic used for the design, '0' and '1' bits of information are represented by low and high voltage levels, respectively. We have chosen 0.0Volt and 2.9Volt, respectively, for low and high levels of input voltages. The logic operation of the half-adder has been verified using SIMON simulator. Simulation results show that the designed circuit performs the expected operation correctly, and low and high levels of output voltages are approximately 0.0Volt and 0.1Volt, respectively.


Security issues emerging out of the constantly evolving software applications became a huge challenge to software security experts. In this paper, we propose a prototype to detect vulnerabilities by identifying their architectural sources and also use security patterns to mitigate the identified vulnerabilities. We emphasize the need to consider architectural relations to introduce an effective security solution. In this research, we focused on the taint-style vulnerabilities that can induce injection-based attacks like XSS, SQLI in web applications. With numerous tools available to detect the taint-style vulnerabilities in the web applications, we scanned for the presence of repetition of a vulnerable code pattern in the software. Very importantly, we attempted to identify the architectural source files or modules by developing a tool named ArT Analyzer. We conducted a case study on a leading health-care software by applying the proposed architectural taint analysis and identified the vulnerable spots. We could identify the architectural roots for those vulnerable spots with the use of our tool ArT Analyzer. We verified the results by sharing it with the lead software architect of the project. By adopting an architectural solution, we avoided changes to be done on 252 different lines of code by merely introducing 2 lines of code changes at the architectural roots. Eventually, this solution was integrated into the latest updated release of the health-care software.


Twaite shad Alosa fallax (12–48 cm total length) from the Gulf of Gdansk feed on Mysids: Mysis mixta, Neomysis integer, and fish: Sprattus sprattus, Osmerus eperlanus, and Pomatoschistus sp.. In the stomachs of A. fallax there also occur Hydrobia sp., Diptera and small stones, particles of wood and plastic. The food of inshore twaite shad measured from 12 to 21 cm centered on M. mixta. Fish are the main prey for A. fallax from the class length 22–31 cm from the Vistula River mouth and for all shads longer than 32 cm.


This work is devoted to experimental study of the effect of manganese concentration on thermoluminescent properties of YAlO3:Mn crystals grown by the Czochralski method. A new type of emitting centers beside of Mn and Mn ions was revealed at low concentration of manganese ions in the crystal. These centers are responsible for the high-temperature thermoluminescent peak at 570 K. A potential of this thermoluminescent peak for thermoluminescence dosimetry application is discussed.


What can we learn from the mistakes we made in the past, asks Martin Crotty The sheer size of Australia threw many WHAT to do about the drought, the spread of exotic flora and fauna,and the need to develop appropriate land use strategies that are sustainable both for the environment and the people making a living off it? These are some of the questions thrown into sharp relief by the ongoing and terrible drought, by stories about the apparent impossibility of preventing the spread of the cane toad, and by criticism of assistance to farmers, which some suggest amounts to the Government paying Australian farmers to farm land that would be better abandoned. The broader issue is one of finding and maintaining an appropriate fit between humans and the Australian environment. It is one of the most pressing questions facing us today.


Values of the reduced activity resonance integral relative to the thermal cross section, I′/σ0, of 96Zr and 94Zr were determined relative to gold by measuring cadmium ratios in a reactor spectrum.D...


Organic semiconductor nanoparticle dispersions are electrostatically stabilized with the p‐doping agent 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ), omitting the need for surfactants. Smallest amounts of F4TCNQ stabilize poly(3‐hexylthiophene) dispersions and reduce the size of the nanoparticles significantly. The concept is then readily transferred to synthesize dispersions from a choice of light‐harvesting benzodithiophene‐based copolymers. Dispersions from the corresponding polymer:fullerene blends are used to fabricate organic solar cells (OSCs). In contrast to the widely used stabilizing surfactants, small amounts of F4TCNQ show no detrimental effect on the device performance. This concept paves the way for the eco‐friendly fabrication of OSCs from nanoparticle dispersions of high‐efficiency light‐harvesting semiconductors by eliminating environmentally hazardous solvents from the deposition process.


Sewage sources are varied and sewage may be discharged from long sea outfalls, sewage treatment plants, combined sewer overflows (CSO's), fly tipping, shipping, etc. The question of malfunctioning and badly designed CSO's is probably the biggest sewage problem for the 21 st Century. Removal of the dissolved/suspended pollutants allowing discharge of substantially clear water from sewage treatment plants (preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatments) into the sea or rivers, is the usual solution, but incineration - which has long lead in times, and recycling are among factors to be considered. Sewage works were designed as plants for the removal of solids and organic matter from sewage and never to remove pathogenic bacteria. EC legislation will mean that sewage discharges from these sources will have minimal effect on the environment in the future, but concentrated sewage sludge disposal is a problem as are the questions of viruses and bacteria in our waters as a result of sewage discharge. Sewage cake produce derived from these works, can be spread on agricultural/forest land, tips, pumped to sea, dumped at sea by boat or incinerated. Some 40,000ha of derelict land is reclaimed per year in the UK. Currently some 5% of sludge is used on such land but the potential exists for up to 20%. A large problem is matching continuous sludge production to irregular availability of restoration sites. In the UK, 25mt of domestic and industrial waste are disposed of in landfills; 15% of sludge production is disposed of by this method. Forestry is expanding in the UK at some 30,000ha per annum and 1% of the sludge output is applied to forest soil. This could increase to 12%. The USA uses composting techniques to ease the landfill problem but in the UK uncertainty exists as to how the sludge regulations apply. Options for resource recovery include low temperature pyrolosis to produce fuel oil, protein and fat extraction, animal feed, building materials, but the constraints are that it is too costly and therefore uneconomic. The future outlook will probably be a more widespread use in land reclamation and forestry.


This paper studies the problem of finding the optimal route of a stream between the transmitter and the receiver in an ad hoc network while minimizing the total power consumption. The criterion is the minimum power, and the fact that the stream must reach its destination is used as a constraint. Compared to previous approaches, we introduce more flexibility by allowing the stream to be split between several intermediate destinations, and we do not use the specific approximations (mainly high SNR) required to make the problem convex. Therefore, the main difficulty is due to the non convexity of the problem. In this contribution, we address a simple situation (flat fading channels, constant during the optimization process, simple transmitters and receivers) in order to demonstrate some properties of the problem. Finally, we propose an algorithm which, at least in some cases, is able to overcome the non convexity. Illustrations of the path followed by the algorithm demonstrates that it is able to find the global optimum even is difficult cases.


Damages created in a PIN diode by fast neutrons are evaluated by measuring the variation of the resistivity of the diode under a given current. Calibrations are performed with different neutron sources. Neutron fluences are measured by diode voltage.<<ETX>>


3D vision systems have recently started to penetrate the consumer market, mainly in the entertainment segment, with products based on pattern-projection techniques. Although this technology has shown remarkable performance in terms of cost, measurement accuracy and power consumption, there is also an increasing interest towards alternative techniques, such as stereo vision and Time-of-Flight (ToF), in order to further improve the range camera characteristics. After a decade from the demonstration of the first ToF range imagers with reasonably good performance results [1], this technology has started to attract the attention of large companies, because of the potential consumer applications in security, gaming and ambient assisted living.


A novel synthetic route to poly(1-octene-g-methyl methacrylate) is described. The method involves borane-containing polyoctene and free radical grafting. With the appropriate choice of borane group and reaction conditions, a desirable molecular structure of copolymer can be obtained with high graft efficiency. It is obvious that this method can be easily applied to many polymers, even telechelic polymers with borane end-groups


Sample size calculation is a crucial step for planning a clinical study. A study that is too small leads to inconclusive results; a study that is too large is a waste of resources. Either case might be unethical. Furthermore, Bland (2009) called for a focus on the width of confidence intervals rather than the power of the test in sample size calculations. Indeed, many research projects aim to estimate a quantity rather than test a hypothesis, sample size calculation approaches for which are largely missing from other software packages. There are many software packages for hypothesis-based sample size calculation, such as Stata, PASS, G*Power, including many R packages, such as pwr (Champely, 2020) and TrialSize [(Zhang et al., 2020); see other packages detailed on the CRAN Clinical Trials taskview].


Topic of this research was chosen because of there were so many problematic cases that experienced by people working aboard legally and illegally, even though the government has set program of the location and protection of indonesian workers aboard. The purpose of this research is to know the process of implementation guidance, monitoring and evaluation of the executive's performance of indonesian workers location by the center for location services and indonesian workers protection at Pontianak in implementing location and protection program indonesian workers aboard. The method of this research used qualitative method. The result of this research is the training and monitoring function to  executive's private of indonesian workers location didn't do optimal yet by the center for location services and indonesian workers protection at Pontianak. The evaluation result of the center for location services and indonesian workers protection at Pontianak to executive's private of indonesian workers location was difficult to find the candidates of indonesian workers who want to work aboard. Except that, it was still found executive's private of indonesian workers location who work outside of the procedure. This led too many problems involving indonesian workers location. So that's why it takes cooperative and commitment by all participants involved for the achievement of the objective program. Key Word : Manpower Location Training, Manpower Location Monitoring, Performance Evaluation, Employees' Cooperative, Employees' Commitment.


This study reports the preparation of lignocellulose-clinoptilolite composites by means of N-terminated siloxanes as coupling agents, after acid hydrolysis. Reactions were carried out in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst by reacting lignocellulose modified with the coupling agents and clinoptilolite at 140 °C inDMFunder nitrogen atmosphere. The light in weight and fluffy composites obtained were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM and Solid State NMR. Results depicted possible chemical interactions between the two materials (lignocellulose and clinoptilolite). Used as adsorbents, the composites showed to be good candidates for the removal of used motor oil fromaqueous solution, withupto 92mg g –1 of chemical oxygen demand removed. KEYWORDS  Lignocellulose, clinoptilolite, chemical modification, composites, solid state NMR, used motor oil.


This study uses the weightings of accounting journal quality derived by Howard and Nikolai (HN, 1983) to produce a ranked list of the publishing contribution of the twenty-five top non-U.S. institutions for the ten-year period 1977–86. A data base was created of all the contributions by non-U.S. academics to the ten academic accounting and finance journals ranked highest in the HN study. The results of the analyses of this data base indicate: (a) the contribution of non-U.S. countries to the accounting and finance literature; (b) the proportion of publications accounted for by the top twenty-five non-U.S. institutions; and (c) a ranking of the contributions of the top twenty-five non-U.S. institutions.


As a first-class political event in Harbin city of China,bidding for Winter Olympics has far-reaching historical significance.With the methods of documentary information,theoretical analysis and participant investigation,the paper analyzes the relevant issues of developing Harbin city during bidding for Winter Olympics,which relate to Harbin's unique architectural style,environmental construction,ecological city construction,effect of subway construction on urban traffic.The purpose is to advance the urban construction and accelerate the process of Harbin bidding for Winter Olympics.


This essay addresses Balzac's modern drama of detection by focusing on the body under surveillance as semioticized in Theorie de la demarche, Physiologie du mariage, and Ferragus. These works forged an urban myth of passion, centered on the seduction of the female passing body, which encompasses a new configuration of experience. This inquiry is framed by an exploration of the conjunction of bodies in pain and femininity in Ferragus and Le Lys dans la vallee, uncovering the finitude of the female body as an allegory of writing, modernity and memory.


The biological function of proteins in the soluble cytoplasmic fraction of two isolates of Spiroplasma citri was investigated by zymogram analysis. There were quantitative and qualitative differenc...


Aiming at solving the problem in the traditional inpainting methods of which the searching scope is confined to the source region of the damaged image,a novel image inpainting algorithm based on fractal theory is proposed in this paper.For the first time the fractal theory is applied to the area of the image inpainting by utilizing self-affinity(or self-similarity) to restore the damaged image.Firstly,a codebook is built up with a set of domain blocks which are obtained after affine transform on the blocks in the source region.Then,the best-match block is chosen from the codebook,and in order to reduce the computational complexity and improve the inpainting efficiency,a fast searching technique based on variance and inner product is creatively utilized in this step.Lastly,the best-match block is used to restore the block to be inpainted.In addition,an improved method of calculating the priority value is proposed in this paper,which raises the proportion of the confidence term in order to strengthen the constraint during searching and to make the filling process proceed by the order of "onion-peel" and linear structures propagate into the target region simultaneously.The results show that this algorithm not only improves the inpainting quality,but also raises the inpainting efficiency compared with traditional inpainting methods.


It is provided results of works on creation and operational development (improvement) of the unit on the incision, for check of various systems of coverings (wearproof, abradable, etc.), compressor or turbine. It is stated the problems concerning the creation of unit and criteria which must be considered in improvement and unit modernization. Some calculations were made for definition the unit's operating modes, which should provide the possibility to model to (simulate) the operation of turbine and compressor covering, on various types of engines both modern and future. The unit should provide a wide temperature span and speeds of incision etc., the design of unit details should be technological and provide the possibility to put on the shovel and prorate simulator various systems of coverings. The offered coverings test method will allow to reduce expenses on the check of again developed coverings, and also to reduce terms on the check of again developed coverings. The technical project demands have not been provided during the initial tests of the unit (after designing and manufacturing). For the purpose of maintenance of the technical project, demands took on the tasks of the unit's modernization. In our opinion, it was necessary to reduce weight and resistance to air medium of the blade to satisfy the requirements. It was able to reduce weight by means of «dovetail», instead of a bolt joint, and also application of turbine airfoil similar in shape to a real blade. According to the results of the spent analysis was accepted the solution to apply the blades of the compressor of real engines, made of various materials EP 718 ID and VT 8 as simulators of blades, for check of turbine coverings, the simulator heat sink nickel alloys will be designed. The improvement works of the available disk simulator were carried out for applying the new simulators of blades. For this purpose, the technology for producing dovetail-type locks was completed by milling. It was completed the improvement of the disk simulator by milling of dovetail-type grooves.


!!!! Preprocessing of Resting-state Functional Connectivity MRI

Resting-state fMRI is a very recent method that analyzes regional neural interactions in the absence of an explicit task. It allows to study the functional organization of the brain in general, as well as the differences thereof between distinct subject populations.

When acquiring a resting-state scan, the only instruction given to the subjects is to keep their eyes opened. The subjects will not receive a stimulus of any kind during the recording. The resulting data is then preprocessed using slice-timing correction, motion correction, spatial normalization and spatial smoothing[1]. Furthermore, any signal that is not originating from grey matter will be removed.

As only slow changes(<0.08Hz) in the neural activation are considered to be related to functional connectivity, anything above this threshold will be filtered out before analyzing the data. Another way to think of this is that only neural oscillations for which it takes more than 1/0.08Hz = 12.5s to go from a more activated state 'A' to a less activated state 'B' and back to 'A' are of interest for this analysis. Thus, anything with a higher frequency—such as spontaneously fluctuating neural activity—will be discarded.

Finally, the signal will be decomposed into independent components that should correspond to highly correlated functional networks. The resulting networks include well-known anatomical structures such as the visual and sensory/motor networks as well as others about which there is not much known. It should also be noted that the resulting networks are not required to be structurally(anatomically) connected to be considered functionally connected. Many of these networks have been found to be very stable across large numbers of healthy subjects. In addition to the exploration of functional networks, this technique can also be applied to study diseases such as Parkinson, where a reduced connectivity has been found in the visual and executive-attention networks[2]. Another application is to study the effects on resting-state networks after the stimulation of a certain brain region using TMS.

This work will address the efficient processing of resting-state data and critically evaluate fundamental standards of this very new method, such as the frequency threshold of $0.08$ Hz that dates back to the first paper describing the method in 1995[3] and was used ever since. To our knowledge, the consequences of changing the threshold on the resulting functional connectivity have not been studied so far. Furthermore, resting-state data obtained from much longer runs(1h) than usual(3-10min) are analyzed to (a)check for very slow oscillations which—due to their slowness—require an even longer scan time to be revealed and (b)evaluate the influence of the scan length on the quality of the outcome. The goal of this work is the better understanding of the frequency band and time parameters, which are important for the design and analysis of all resting state MRI applications.

!! References
[1] A. Weissenbacher et al., "Correlations and anticorrelations in resting-state functional connectivity mri: a quantitative comparison of preprocessing strategies," in Neuroimage, 2009, 1408-1416.
[2] A. Tessitore et al., "Resting-state brain connectivity in patients with parkinson's disease and freezing of gait," in Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2012, 781-787.
[3] B. Biswal et al., "Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo-planar mri," in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 1995, 537-541.


ABSTRACT This article reports on an empirical, social-anthropological study of inclusion/exclusion in Danish public school education. The study sheds light on the downside of a neoliberal education policy that emphasises achievement. In spite of the best intentions of Danish education policy that inclusion and learning achievement should be two equal goals, it seems that inclusion, differentiation, and children in need are overlooked by teachers (during teaching), resulting in some children being excluded from classroom activities. The study is a case study of two teams of teachers over a two-year period (2014 and 2015) in one school. By analyzing vignettes of the practice of teaching, as well as interviews and discussions with teachers, the study reports on the downsides of neoliberal education policy. This policy leads to a form of teaching which focuses on school subjects and student achievement, thereby overlooking and thus excluding children who do not live up to expectations regarding their school performance.


While Vladimir Lenin found it necessary to depend upon and support technical and managerial specialists who had been trained in pre-revolutionary educational institutions, the Bolsheviks were never comfortable with this dependency. Under Iosif Stalin, the specialists were vilified, persecuted, marginalized, and eventually replaced by highly specialized technical personnel trained in Soviet educational institutions. This article examines the attitudes toward specialists held by leading members of the Workers' Opposition, a group of communist trade union leaders who promoted the economic management role of workers through their trade unions. In Western secondary literature, the stance of the Workers' Opposition toward specialists is sometimes misunderstood or oversimplified. In correcting such errors, I will show that Stalin's motivations for repression directed against engineers and technicians during the First Five-Year Plan should be sought elsewhere than in the attempt to expand the role and prominence of workers in the party bureaucracy and industrial administration of the new Soviet state.


Phenylketoneuria is an autosomal recessive disorder and cause irreversible brain
damage if untreated. Aim: This study aimed to assess mothers care for children having
Phenylketoneuria through assessing the mothers' knowledge, self-reported practice and
coping patterns toward their children with PKU. Design: A descriptive study. Sampling: A
purposive sample comprised of 94 mothers accompying children with PKU. Setting: This
study was conducted at Specialized Genetic Outpatient Clinic, Children's Hospital affiliated
to Ain Shams University Hospital. Data collection tool: 1st tool: Interviewing Questionnaire
Format to assess socio- demographic data of the study children and their mothers, medical
history of children with PKU, mothers' knowledge about PKU, assessment of children'
health needs and problems, 2 nd tool: Mothers Reported Practice Format related to care of
their children with PKU, as diet management and follow up for growth and development as
weight, height. 3 rd tool: Psychometric Assessment for mothers as Coping Pattern Scale, Beck
Depression Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: This study revealed that
above half of studied children's were females, it ranged from birth to more than 9 years with
a mean age of 4.45 ± 2.07 years, the mean age of studied mothers was (32.26 ± 4.2 years),
Conclusion: about more than half of mothers had poor knowledge about PKU. As well more
than one tenth of the mothers had poor total reported practice. There is a significant
correlation between mothers' knowledge, practice and their caring roles, anxiety and
depression. Recommendation: Continuous health teaching to children and their caregivers
regarding PKU.


This paper describes the methods used by Lewmar to establish the bio-mechanical relationships of hand driven winch systems for 12 Metre racing yachts. This information was necessary to design winch equipment that would enable the winch men (grinders) to operate in the most efficient way and thereby reduce their rate of fatigue. The company used a number of fit experienced winch men in a lengthy test program to determine the optimum handle load, crank radius and crank height at which the subjects produced maximum power. From the test program it was concluded that with an optimum size crank, mounted at an optimum height, a skilled winch grinder of height between 1.83 - 1.98 metres and weight between 80 - 130 kilograms, would produce peak power output between 25 - 55 kilograms of handle load. It was also established that a fit grinder can produce in excess of 500 watts of power during a simulated tack and repeat this over a number of consecutive simulations provided the handle load and crank dimensional parameters can be fixed within certain limits. These results were used as the basis for Lewmar's latest thinking on 12 Metre winch systems, and the selection of gear ratios that would enhance tacking performance and reduce crew fatigue.


The system of preventing and countering economic crime has a complex and systemic nature that affects both law enforcement and social, economic, humanitarian, international and other spheres of social development. The importance of combating economic crime in order to guarantee the economic security of the state determines the role of state policy in the economic sphere, especially in terms of regulating economic activity and establishing its legal boundaries, exceeding which is an economic crime. In turn, the formation of public consciousness with a low level of tolerance for economic crime determines the place of the investigated policy in the humanitarian sphere. The training of qualified personnel for the law enforcement system indicates the importance of the social component in the educational policy. The impossibility of isolation from world trends and the globalization of economic relations requires international cooperation in the field of combating transnational economic crimes or prosecuting criminals. The directions of transformation of the central bodies of executive power are substantiated. The transformation of their activity is determined in the context of the proposed directions and objects of the state policy of prevention and counteraction of economic crime in the system of guaranteeing economic security: in the field of transformation of economic activity; in the field of economic crime prevention; in the field of activity of entities implementing the law enforcement function; in the field of information and communication system formation; in the field of international cooperation; in the field of security of the state policy implementation process; in the field of personnel training. It is suggested that the bodies of the central executive power implementing the state policy of preventing and combating economic crime should be grouped as follows: bodies of the central executive power directly implementing the state policy in the field of preventing and combating economic crime; bodies of the central executive power, which are regulators of economic activity; bodies of the central executive power that implement state policy in the spheres that form the implementation of state policy in the sphere of prevention and counteraction of economic crime.


Contractual date of delivery "M18 = June 2002" Actual date of delivery "31 of July 2002" Deliverable number D54 Deliverable name Market Survey


AFGHANISTAN, 8 April 2010 (Agence France Presse) - The US military is poised to contain the scourge of homemade bombs in Afghanistan, despite a spike in casualties from the explosives last year among NATO-led troops, a US general said Thursday.


BACKGROUND: Dermatologic disorders usually have manifestations which involve the eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea. The ocular complications may often be the most devastating outcome for survivors of the acute reaction. The key to success to minimize possibility of visual impairment is the prevention of complications. OBJECTIVES: This study highlights the ocular manifestations of various mucocutaneous disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology in a medical college hospital, over a period of 1 year, on patients presenting with mucocutaneous syndromes who were referred from the Departments of Dermatology and Medicine. Patients with co-morbid diseases like diabetes and hypertension wherein ocular involvement is likely were excluded from the study. RESULTS: In this study, 103 patients with mucocutaneous disorders were examined, of which 65 (63.1%) had ocular involvement. Majority of the patients belonged to the 21-30 years age group; with a male preponderance. The most common mucocutaneous syndrome in this study was herpes (37%), followed by leprosy (27%). Ocular involvement was seen in 69% patients with herpes and 79% patients with leprosy. In this study, periorbital vesicles was the most common ocular manifestation in herpes (20%), followed by blepharitis, conjunctivitis, corneal epithelial defect and keratitis; however, in leprosy, madarosis (16%) was the commonest ocular lesion. Economic blindness (visual acuity <6/60) was seen in 6 cases, and visual handicap (visual acuity <6/18) in 20 cases. The most common cause of visual impairment was due to corneal implications. Over the course of next three months, 19 patients (25%) developed various ocular complications like dry eye (10%), corneal scar (5%), corneal vascularisation (3%), trichiasis (3%), symblepharon (8%), and ankyloblepharon (15%). CONCLUSION: Careful ophthalmic examinations during the early period of the skin reaction and early detection of complications like trichiasis, epithelial surface disease, and secondary infection can improve the


To deliver a unique 'simulation-based preceptorship' programme for NHS trusts managing patients with rare but life-threatening disease.

Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) are a group of rare conditions representing medical emergencies, with a high mortality if left untreated. Acute management


What is an information system? From a critical perspective, the object of research in Information Systems (IS) may prove to be highly problematic. This paper will explore some of the concepts necessary for the development of a critical interpretation of what an information system is. This critical interpretation will draw extensively on the notion of the reification - of both technological products and of the socio-economic environment in which IS development and use takes place. It will also draw on the notion of instrumental reason – insofar as it is relevant to IS development and use. The research implications of these ideas will then be discussed; in particular, how critical research into information systems development and use might proceed, given a critical interpretation– rather than positivistic or interpretivistic ontology of information systems.


The senses (both near and far) gets stimulated by something or somebody and sends its information to the brain via the emotional centres to learn about the something or somebody and to be able to respond using muscle reactions. For example when a baby smells mommy the receptors in the nose gets excited and sends the information to the brain, the brain responds by 'saying': "Have I smelled this before? Was that good or bad? YES, it was good, ok, hang on!" Baby hangs on using its mouth, hands and feet to get a grip and be comforted.


An EEG based smart home environmental auto adjustment system is proposed on this paper. Nowada ys human life is really machine dependant ,so machines are important in human life. Many environmental control systems have been proposed in recent times but only few res arches have done on environmental control systems using hu man cognition state. Based on the advance of our techni que for BCI and the improvement of micro-electro-mechanical-sys tembased (MEMS-based) dry electrode sensors, we combin ed these techniques to demonstrate an auto-adjustable living environment control system, e.g., illumination of l ight and fan speed of air conditioner, depends on the physiologi cal change of the user, even for long-term physiological monit oring. The system consists of wireless physiological signal a cquisition module, an embedded signal processing module, a sim ple control protocol/power line communication environmental controller, and a host system. The proposed system h as been verified in a simulation way so as to control the i llumination of day and night lamps and fan speed can be controlled successfully based on the physiological state of t he user which indicates that it can be implemented in a successfu l way so that it can be used in other applications. Keywords—Brain computer interface BCI, Electro encephalo gram EEG, Micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS).


Minimum support price (MSP) is posed as a remedial response to the distress condition of Indian farmers. This essay dissects MSP and the debate regarding it from the class-focused theory of surplus labor. The analytical tool of class sets shows the limited scope of MSP compared to the disaggregated nature of the Indian agricultural sector and shows that the MSP policy debate is blind to class questions and their consequences. Bringing in various overdetermining and contradictory effects of class-related production and circulation processes, value theory is applied to unravel the dissimilar crisis conditions of agrarian enterprises. Once MSP is combined with class and other nonclass processes, it follows that the MSP outcome will not have uniform effects across enterprises and will not secure its self-proclaimed objective of redressing farmer distress.


Esophagus cancer surgery often becomes complicated with fistulas and above all with infections. In 50 cases, the authors relate 7 fistulas and 60 nosocomial infections among which pneumonia takes the first place. The pneumonia diagnosis has been established on the criteria of the "National Nosocomial Infection Study" and on bacteriologic samples. Those mostly isolate Gram-bacilli and streptococci. The diagnosis and etiologic factors leading to prophylactic measures are studied.


In this paper, we fabricated the crystalline germanium core silica cladding fiber with rod-in-tube method. Its strain distribution inside the fiber was analysed using Raman spectroscopy. The results reveal that the core of the prepared fiber has relatively high degree of crystallization and a relatively uniform strain distribution inside the germanium core.


Abstract Phosphorus applications ranging from 0 to 288 kg P/ha were broadcast alone and in combination with band treatments of 22 kg P/ha to two newlycleared Kempsville sandy loam (Typic Hapludults) soils for the purpose of measuring corn (Zea mays L.) yield responses and obtaining soil test calibration data. Four to 10‐fold corn grain yield increases resulted from P additions. Broadcast applications of 96 kg P/ha in combination with band treatments of 22 kg P/ha from either diammonium phosphate or ammonium polyphosphate were most efficient in increasing corn grain yields to 80% or more of maximum yield. Critical extractable soil P values for the two sites of 31 and 42, 29 and 37, 18 and 19, and 47 and 43 ppm were obtained for the Bray I, North Carolina (NC), Olsen, and Mehlich III soil test procedures, respectively. Increases in extractable soil P with increasing P applications expressed as ppm P/kg P applied varied for the two sites from 0.21 to 0.26 for the Bray I and NC procedures, 0.10 to 0.13 for th...


The film cooling effectiveness on a low-speed stationary cascade and the rotating blade has been measured by using a heat-mass transfer analogy. The film cooling effectiveness on the suction surface of the rotating blade fits well with that on the stationary blade, but a low level of effectiveness appears on the pressure surface of the rotating blade. In this paper, typical film cooling data will be presented and film cooling on a rotating blade is discussed


We report on the terahertz (THz) emission from GaSb surfaces with modified surface stochiometry. While very weak emission is observed from virgin GaSb wafers, the emission is significantly increased by a single thermal treatment of the wafers. Optimum emission is observed for 500 °C thermal annealing. The reason for the THz emission is a surface electric field induced by thermal decomposition of the surface, as corroborated by Raman spectroscopy.


Taibai Forestry Bureau is located in the Qinling Mountains,taking care of 128,000 hm2 of forest.This paper gives an analysis and summary of the experiences and lessons learned of Taibai Forestry Bureau on fire fighting in forest for more than 10 years in Qinling mountains.


Most of power failures occur at cable joints in Hydro-Quebec underground conduit network. Some are due to partial discharges inside these joints and the corresponding degradation of their electrical insulation. Hydro-Quebec Distribution conduit network consist mainly of XLPE cable with rubber premoulded accessories. In 2001, Hydro-Quebec started a research project for the diagnosis of underground cable and their accessories. This project was implemented for safety issues, to perform predictive maintenance and to withdraw defective accessories before failure.


The purpose of the аrticle is to determine the theoreticаl foundаtions for the successful sociаl аdаptаtion of preschool children in the conditions of preschool educаtion. To solve the tаsks set, а set of reseаrch methods wаs used: theoreticаl − аnаlysis, synthesis, systemаtizаtion, compаrison, modeling аnd generаlizаtion − to study scientific sources, from the theoreticаl foundаtions of sociаl аdаptаtion of preschool children in the conditions of а preschool educаtion institution. The mаin results of the study аre thаt the аrticle аnаlyzes the process of sociаl аdаptаtion of а child of preschool аge; the positive аnd negаtive feаtures of а child's stаy in а preschool educаtion institution аre summаrized; the mаin criteriа for successful sociаl аdаptаtion аre chаrаcterized; the conditions conducive to the positive sociаl аdаptаtion of а child of preschool аge in аn institution of preschool educаtion аre highlighted; conclusions аre drаwn аnd recommendаtions аre given for educаtors regаrding the feаtures of the process of sociаl аdаptаtion of preschool children in the conditions of preschool educаtion. It was found that the individual is formed and developed under the influence of many factors, which include objective and subjective, natural and social, internal and external, independent and dependent on the will and consciousness of people who act spontaneously or in accordance with specific goals. It is confirmed that the formation of social personality is due to the interaction of the environment and the education system. It is established that the main characteristics that determine the successful social development of the individual are: a positive attitude of the child to himself; positive attitude towards other people; value orientation; communication skills; social skills.


Abstract 2 3 Background and aim : Performance of commercial ELISAs to detect herpes simplex virus 4 type 2 (HSV-2) antibodies have been inconsistent in African and HIV-positive populations. 5 We compared the performance of HerpeSelect® and Kalon® gG2 ELISAs in patients with 6 genital ulcer disease (GUD) in Ghana and the Central African Republic. 7 Methods : Sera from 434 women were tested with HerpeSelect®, and a sub-sample (n=199) 8 by Kalon®. Ulcer swabs and cervico-vaginal lavages were tested for HSV-2 DNA by PCR. 9 HSV-2 seronegative women with detectable genital HSV-2 DNA were retested 14 and 28 10 days later for HSV-2 antibodies by the two ELISAs. 11 Results : 346 (80%) women were HerpeSelect®-positive at baseline, and 225 (54%) had 12 detectable genital (lesional or cervico-vaginal) HSV-2 DNA. 66 (19%) HerpeSelect®-positive 13 samples had low-positive index values (1.1-3.5), of which 58% had detectable genital HSV-2 14 DNA. Global agreement between the two serological assays was 86%. Concordance was


IN this Section a small number of workers took matters ftairly seriously, and although the sittings were comparatively short, the time employed was well filled. Myopia and its treatment was the subject chosen by Sattler, and this paper called forth an ample discussion. Axenfeld read a good paper on the serumtherapy of infective eye diseases. First he dealt with diphtheria, adducing evidence to show that all cases of infection of a diphtherial nature should be treated at once by subcutaneous serum injections. Next he dealt with pneumococcic infection causing ulcus serpens and wound infections. He said dacryocystitis and pneumococcic conjunctivitis were scarcely conditions calling for a serum treatment, since they were mostly amenable to other forms of treatment. First, he advised prophylactic injections, carried out with dead cultures, but he criticized Roemer's proposal to require the general practitioner to carry out this treatment. He considered that this class of affections was too dangerous to leave in the hands of men who had not made the eye a special study. Turning to the therapeutic injections, he said serumtherapy had a certain beneficial influence on pneumococcic infections of the cornea, but the total results of a series of 185 cases which he had collected left much to be desired. He hoped that the " Aggressin " method, which had scarcely been tested yet, would lead to better results. He also referred to immunizing experiments on the vitreous, which he had carried out in connexion with deep injuries and operations. Lastly, he dealt with streptococcic and staphylococcic infections, saying that positive results were not attainable. Wicherkiewics said that after a considerable experience of serumtherapy in pneumococcic infection of the cornea, he was not satisfied with the results; the patients often complained of the injections. Cabannes and Pflugk also spoke, the latter making a point of the exact bacteriological examination in these cases. Treacher Collins read his paper on tubercle of the eye, and dealt with the diagnostic, etiological, pathological, historical, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects of the various tuberculous affection of the eye. Pflugk read a paper on the accommodation of the eye in pigeons, monkeys, and man. He had studied this subject from a new point of view, and with the assistance of a carbonic acid freezing microtome had succeeded in removing, freezing, cutting, and photographing the eye extremely rapidly. He produced accommodation phenomena by means of eserine, while rest (mydriasis) was produced by atropine, etc. The physiology of normal accommodation depended on changes in the convexity of the sclerotic parts and in the lens: (1) The cornea and its peripheral portions were flattened, and (2) the choroid and with it the whole lens system with its suspensory apparatus was pushed forward. The accommodating lens lost its spherical shape. In the pigeon he distinguished corneal and lens accommodation. The lens was carried bodily forward, thus increasing the distance between the lens and the retina, and in that way the slightly hypermetropic eye of the pigeon was rendered temporarily emmetropic or even myopic. The flattening of the peripheral portion of the sclerotic was produced by the action of Crampton's and Mueller's muscles. Lens accommodation took place by means of the ring muscles, situated at the base of the iris. This exercised a pressure on the zonula and ciliary body. The suspensory ligaments became tense and were pressed toward the middle of the eyeball. The pressure exercised on the vitreous pushed the edge masses of the equator area toward the anterior pole of the lens, and in consequence the nucleus of the lens was protruded, to form a sort of posterior lenticonus. This formation of a posterior lenticonus alters all our conceptions of the accommodation processes. Lastly, he said that the ligamentum peetinatum of birds, which was never relaxed during life, consisted, in contrast to the ligament of mammals, of fine bundles of elastic fibres. LARYNGOLOGY, OTOLOGY AND STOMATOLOGY. Section XII was divided into three subdivisions.as has already been reported. The Subsection for Otology was


We study quantum interference effects on Josephson current in T-shaped double quantum dots (TDQDs) with one of them (the central dot) is sandwiched between the left and right topological superconductor nanowires hosting Majorana bound states (MBSs). We find that the current's magnitude is suppressed by the inter-dot coupling that induces the quantum interference effect, with unchanged jump in the current at particular phase difference between the two nanowires from which the Josephson effect arises. The current remains as a sinusoidal function with respective to the phase difference in the presence of quantum interference effect, but with significant reduction. The central broad peak in the curve of the Josephson current versus the QDs' levels are split in different ways depending on the configurations of the latter. We also find that the impacts of the non-z-axial direction magnetic field, bending angle between the two nanowires and the direct hybridization amplitude between the MBSs on the current all depend on the arrangement of the QDs' energy levels.


Breast cancer is one of prevalent diseases in women, and can be diagnosed using several tests that include mammogram, ultrasound, MRI and biopsy. Over the years, the use of learning machine and artificial intelligence techniques has transformed the process of diagnosing breast cancer. However, the accurate classification of breast cancer is still a medical challenge faced by researchers. Difficulties are routinely encountered in the search for sets of features that provide adequate distinctiveness required for classifying breast tissues into groups of normal and abnormal. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose a system for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of breast abnormality using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models based on two dimensional wavelet transform. Three major approaches were taken in this study; preprocessing, wavelet decomposition analysis and neural network approaches. The first approach entails the preprocessing step for breast profile extraction, carried out by eliminating the low frequency components of the mammogram, leaving behind subbands containing high frequency coefficients, based on the idea that microcalcifications signify high frequency coefficients. The next approach involves features extraction derived from wavelet decomposition analysis. The final approach is referred to as the classification stage that utilizes back propagation neural network to distinguish abnormal tissue from normal ones. The proposed system was tested on the MIAS database, resulting in 91.64% succession rate of classification.


Predicting equipment fighting damage rate is the premise of determining the requirement on equipment support strength and organizing equipment support.Quantifying factors in battle field by method of power-exponent then making study by comparison can predict the equipment fighting damage rate in future combat objectively,which will provide more reasonable and scientific reference on determining equipment support strength and organizing equipment support.


At present, most of the people in rural areas use biomass such as wood, cow dung, jute sticks or other agricultural wastes for cooking in the clay stoves. Those traditional clay stoves not only inefficient but also poorly ventilated. As a result, they produce fine particles, aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and dioxins that cause air pollution. However, traditional biogas system accomplished in developing countries and some least developed countries (e.g. Bangladesh) are not automated. In this paper, an automated bidirectional business concept is introduced where both buyers and sellers are benefited at the same time in rural areas. In this community business model, people sell biogas from their micro biogas plant through the automated grid. This research is a master-slave wireless system based on Arduino that incorporates with payment system via a mobile application. RF pair along with transmitter and receiver is used in order to get transmitting and receiving biogas quantity and other signals for every user. In addition, an analytic calculation is done for the performance test of the proposed system.


Generalized-ensemble simulations enable the study of complex adsorption scenarios of a coarse-grained model polymer near an attractive nanostring, representing an ultrathin nanowire. We perform canonical and microcanonical statistical analyses to investigate structural transitions of the polymer and discuss their dependence on the temperature and on model parameters such as effective wire thickness and attraction strength. The result is a complete hyperphase diagram of the polymer phases, whose locations and stability are influenced by the effective material properties of the nanowire and the strength of the thermal fluctuations. Major structural polymer phases in the adsorbed state include compact droplets attached to or wrapping around the wire, and tubelike conformations with triangular pattern that resemble ideal boron nanotubes. The classification of the transitions is performed by microcanonical inflection-point analysis.


The present case study-based research provides insights of the current packaging practices with a supply chain perspective and proposed sustainable packaging options that would cut down the environmental impact from supply chain operations at Midas Safety. The case study is based on qualitative research that used semi-structured open-ended interviews and observations to understand the current processes of the packaging and supply chain department of Midas Safety and how they are planning to adapt sustainability to their processes. Considering the current packaging practices, the study aimed to develop improved sustainable packaging practices with a supply chain aspect in order to cut down the negative environmental aspect such as standardization in packaging for all customers, elimination of wood pallets, developing local suppliers, change in packaging design, making the packaging more compact and lightweight, reducing carbon footprint and fuel consumption by encouraging trade through sea instead of air. The results concluded that internal factors such as alternate packaging material (like Mondi's Aegispaper, Arjowiggins' and Corrugated Bubble Wrap) along with the suggested sustainable packaging practices discussed above and external factors such as availability of local vendors are important requirements for successful sustainable packaging development.


Abstract : Experimental investigation of the influence of various factors on the wear of jet fuels (T-1, TS-1, T-7, and T-7 with antiwear additions) was conducted using the magnitude of wear and the increment in fuel temperature as criteria for evaluating the antiwear properties of the fuels. Particular attention was given to the influence of contact stresses, the rate of rolling friction, and time. It is shown that these factors can have a substantial influence on the quantitative and qualitative relationships between friction and wear. This indicates that the antiwear properties of such fuels should be studied in the laboratory for a wide range of external effects. (Author)


ABSTRACT This work presents a morphotectonic map of the Pescara River basin (1:40,000 scale), located in the piedmont-hilly area of the central-eastern Apennines (Abruzzo Region, Italy), and stretching from the eastern slope of the chain (Maiella Massif, Morrone Mt. and Gran Sasso Range) to the Adriatic coast. It is the outcome of an extensive drainage basin-scale geomorphological analysis and incorporates four main sections: orography and hydrography; morphotectonics; azimuthal analysis of the morphotectonic elements; Quaternary fluvial deposits and morphotectonic profiles. The morphotectonic map provides a basis for the study of morphotectonic features at basin-scale, the reconstruction of paleo-landscapes with special regard to drainage network evolution, and the recognition of tectonic control and selective erosion on the landscape. It also contributes to an outline of the main phases of the post-orogenic landscape evolution of the piedmont-hilly area of the Apennines, resulting from the link of alternating morphotectonic and surface processes.


In the article, I propose that the body phantom is a phenomenal and functional model of one's own body. This model has two aspects. On the one hand, it functions as a tacit sensory representation of the body that is at the same time related to the motor aspects of body functioning. On the other hand, it also has a phenomenal aspect as it constitutes the content of conscious bodily experience. This sort of tacit, functional and sensory model is related to the spatial parameters of the physical body. In the article, I postulate that this functional model or map is of crucial importance to the felt ownership parameters of the body (de Vignemont 2007), which are themselves considered as constituting the phenomenal aspect of the aforementioned model.


A 29-year-old female patient visited the emergency room for whirling dizziness and hypersomnolence. She had had a cervical chiropractic manipulation two weeks before admission. She had no previous history of stroke or vasculitis. Initial diffusionweighted images showed diffusion restriction in the bilateral thalami, occipital lobes, and brain stem. Subsequent magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and source images of time of flight (TOF) MRA demonstrated luminal irregularities of the bilateral vertebral arteries and intramural hematoma on the wall of right vertebral artery. Catheter angiography showed an artery of Percheron. This case acknowledges that anatomic variation and a patient's history leads to the correct diagnosis. DISCUSSION


X-Power: American Pop Culture as a Theater of the Profane * V-Power: The Feminine Form and Pop Culture * Logo-Power: The Role of Branding and Advertising in Pop Culture * i-Power: Pop Culture in the Age of the Internet * N-Power: Occultism in Pop Culture * Spectacle-Power: Why We Hate to Love and Love to Hate Pop Culture


This study aimed to examine the effect of Attitude, Knowledge of the application of CRM and test the effect of Attitude, Knowledge, Application of CRM on the Performance of Customer Service through a quantitative approach with methods of explanatory research, the technique of scoring using a Likert scale and the analytical techniques used is the approach of Structural Equation Model ( SEM) with Software Partial Least Square (PLS) and SPPS. Results of this study explains that the attitude variables not significant effect on CRM which the known value of the variable t t table, namely: 5.722> 2.01, attitude variables not significant effect on the performance of customer service where the variables are known values t <t table, namely: 1.708 <2.01, not significant knowledge variable to variable customer service performance which, known values of t <t tables, namely: 0.777 <2.01, while the CRM variables significantly influence the performance of a customer service where the variables are known values t <t table, namely: 9.852 <2.01. This study shows that the dimensions of knowledge have the effect of higher significance than Attitude towards CRM. Similarly, the CRM has a positive and significant impact on the performance of Customer Service. Keyword: Attitude, Knowledge, Application Performance Against CRM Customer Service


Scents play a crucial role in a honey bee's life. Both in the darkness of the hive and in the outside environment bees encounter an overwhelming array of different scents, from which they retrieve information. The scents they come across are either produced by other bees (pheromones) or originate from the bees' environment, such as the food processed inside the hive and the owering plants that bees use as food sources. The role of honey bee pheromones during social activities such as mating, reproduction, brood care, kin recognition, swarming, alarm, and defense has been researched and reviewed extensively (Free 1987). Here, we will focus on the role of pheromones as well as oral scents in honey bee foraging and recruitment. The rst section of this chapter introduces the honey bee's sense of smell: it explains how odors are detected, goes on to describe the bee's olfactory anatomy, how olfactory information is processed, and how bees learn and discriminate scents. The next section introduces scents that typically occur in the honey bee foraging environment and gives some background with respect to the scents' origin and chemistry. In this section, we also briey discuss how honey bees might perceive and interpret the complex scents they encounter. The main section of this book chapter describes the ways that honey bees make use of scents during foraging and recruitment, and discusses the kind of information bees can obtain and transfer via scents.


Urban systems are known to have a number of effects on avian diversity, density, and morphological and behavioral traits. However, no study to date has simultaneously examined the wide range of urban variables in relation to the avian dawn chorus, a complex behavioral phenomenon. Previous studies investigating adjustments of the dawn chorus onset in urban settings have mainly been confined to relationships with noise and light levels. In addition to noise and light levels, in this study we included other potentially related environmental characteristics describing vegetation structure, urban infrastructure, and human activity, all of which have been shown to be drivers of bird diversity in urban areas. We conducted dawn chorus surveys at 38 Los Angeles urban greenspaces and used a classification and regression tree analysis to identify specific urban scenarios that best explained timing differences in the dawn chorus onset. Our results show that light level was the most important determinant of the dawn chorus onset time, in which, counter-intuitively, bird communities in greenspaces with higher light levels had later onsets. In addition, noise was an important factor for the chorus onset in greenspaces with higher light levels. Although our results differ from those of previous studies, these findings highlight the importance of noise and light levels in explaining dawn chorus onset variation, indicating the need for further research in untangling this complex and ecologically important phenomenon.

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Substantial changes have taken place in teacher training in the last 20 years. In 1999, the incorporation of teacher training in University Institutes for Teacher Training (IUFM) was a new development, which greatly altered the way it was organized. Basing its findings on a survey of junior and senior secondary school teachers, teacher training staff, school principals, and Regional Inspectors (IPR), the paper attempts to discover the way in which the content of teacher training is decided by all those directly involved in the courses. The research shows a process of regulation and negotiation between the requests of teachers and the training courses proposed by institutions.


This paper describes some of the key aspects of branding and selling with particular reference to biosolids and biowastes. It is partly based on the personal experience of building brands and developing markets from nothing. Brands are not a short cut to success, they require all of the good business skills; integrity and commitment are essential. Selling is often neglected or taken for granted but it is vital to any business; there are basic aspects that can be learnt and there are key factors to the way of practising sales. The brand and the sales people are the first point of contact with the potential customer; if these are wrong it won't matter how good your mousetrap is, there won't be many people coming to your door.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy of edaravone on acute cerebral infarction.Methods 80 cases were divided into treatment group and control group randomly.Neurological functional deficit scores were utilized for assessment before treatment.On the 14th day after treatment,the scores and efficacy of the patients were assessed again.Results After 14 d,the neurological functional deficit scores of treatment group was(9.2±5.8),and it was(15.4±6.6) in the control group.There were significant differences between the two groups(P0.05).There were also significant differences between the two groups in terms of apparent effective rates(treated group:52.4%;control group:31.3%,P0.05) and improvement rates(treated group:90.5%;control group 78.1%,P0.05).Conclusion Edaravone can accelerate the recovery of neural function after cerebral infarction.


Abstract The sequences a communication system selected affect the performance of the system, so the paper focuses on the study on the correlation properties of a special sequence called hybrid bridge function sequence. Some basic concepts and classification of hybrid bridge function are presented in the paper, and the properties of hybrid bridge function sequences and their superiorities and disadvantages are presented through theoretical analysis and simulations. Finally, it can be seen that hybrid bridge function sequence is just like a bridge between bridge function sequence and Walsh sequence, so the conclusion that the hybrid bridge function's properties are superior to Walsh sequence's but worse than bridge function sequence's can be obtained through the comparison of the simulation results of the communication system


the aim of this study is to learn about the past life of the small, rural community of Astor, located along the Saint John's river in central Florida, through an ethnographic study of the original, historic section of the Astor/Astor Park cemetery. 1 the data presented in this paper comes from a survey of the area's history, area maps, several personal visits to the cemetery, a study of headstones as artifacts of cultural history, and a review of historical documents such as censuses, death records, and military records. As a result of this study, a great deal about the ethnic and racial make-up of this population is revealed in addition to other interesting demographic factors regarding the past population of the Astor/Astor Park area. 2 Issue 1. Spring 2011


We thank Dr. Louwrens for his response to our article, "Front-Line Ordering Clinicians: Matching Workforce to Workload." We agree that matching workload and workforce is essential to optimizing health and financial outcomes, as well as patient and workforce satisfaction. The articles by Elliot et al. and Wachter are important discussions on the relationships among workforce, efficiency, and quality outcomes. However, as Wachter notes, the same ratios are not applicable to all settings. With this in mind, our matrix tool allows individual practice settings to modify variables (such as the desired front-line ordering clinician to workload units) based on local circumstances and validation. The tool also allows users to add variables (such as support infrastructure) that may be relevant to their setting. We also appreciate Dr. Louwrens' comments on factors that impede the optimal matching of workload to workforce. Although barriers and resistance will always exist, we think that a data-driven approach to measuring workload and workforce can help demonstrate need in a systematic way that can help overcome pushback. Further research correlating use of the tool to improved quality and cost outcomes will help demonstrate to institutions and payers that better matching of workforce to workload, including through flexible staffing strategies, yields higher-value outcomes.


8547 Background: Lenalidomide, an immunomodulator with antineoplastic and antiproliferative effects, showed clinically significant improved activity over investigator choice (IC) in relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL. This preplanned MCL-002 analysis evaluated efficacy across patient subgroups receiving lenalidomide vs IC. Methods: Patients received lenalidomide (25 mg/day PO on days 1-21/28 days) or single-agent IC therapy (chlorambucil, cytarabine, fludarabine, gemcitabine, or rituximab). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); prespecified exploratory analyses of PFS by subgroups were conducted. Results: 254 patients with R/R MCL (median 2 prior therapies) were randomized 2:1 to lenalidomide (n = 170) or IC (n = 84). Patients receiving lenalidomide showed a significant improvement in median PFS vs IC (8.7 vs 5.2 months; HR = 0.61, P= 0.004). Subgroup analysis of PFS by central review demonstrated statistically significant reductions in the risk of progression or death in favor of lenalidom...


From three aspects: cost estimate, cost control and effective measures to reduce cost the cost management process is elaborated in detail. Author points out that cost estimate and cost control are complementary each other and profound theoretical research is beneficial to reduce it.


p-Fluorophenylalanine (PFP) and m-fluorophenylalanine were the most effective inhibitors on the growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 among the analogs of phenylalanine and tyrosine tested. Their inhibitory effects were released by L-phenylalanine, and slightly by L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan. 3-Aminotyrosine (3AT), p-aminophenylalanine, o-fluorophenylalanine, and β-2-thienylalanine were weak inhibitors.Resistant mutants of C. glutamicum isolated on the medium containing both PFP and 3AT or PFP and L-tyrosine were found to accumulate both L-tyrosine and L-phenylalanine, while resistant mutants isolated on the medium containing only PFP were found to produce only L-phenylalanine. Resistant mutants from other glutamic acid producing bacteria isolated on the medium containing both PFP and 3AT or both PFP and L-tyrosine were found to accumulate L-tyrosine and L-phenylalanine.


At present very limited empirical data available on the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among residents of marginalized settings, in catchment area of khairpure medical college hospital khairpure Mir's, Pakistan. As this disease is poor, low immunity, residing in low line community people. This study assessed the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis through active case detection and evaluated predictors of pulmonary tuberculosis among residents of two peri-urban neighborhoods of area of Khairpure medical college khairpure Pakistan. Cases continue to spread infection to close contacts, strategies for tuberculosis case detection need to be improved to minimize the M. tuberculosis transmission. Major threat for the population of khairpure Pakistan and, this infection of the lungs is caused by the Mycobacterium tubercular bacteria. Yet upto date data on the epidemiology of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, in Khairpure Mir's, Pakistan. Catchment area of Teaching hospital, KMC, khairpure, was not available before this. This study was undertaken to determine the current prevalence rate of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and distribution, is first insight study in khairpure medical college khairpure Mirs, Pakistan, catchment area. As then (WHO) declared a state of global emergency for tuberculosis in 1993, due to the steady increase of the disease worldwide? Result: Sample was taken from the patients irrespective of gender above the age of 15 years, who were advised for tuberculosis screening. Total number of patients were attended 7178 for screening and suspected for pulmonary tuberculosis, from which 785.10.9% were positive and 6392, 89% were negative. Conclusion: This study highlights the poor operational performance of the passive and active case-detection approach in the current tuberculosis control program and indicates higher prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Khairpure medical college hospital khairpure, Pakistan than current national estimates. Our results indicate that active detection of cases and future compare in using the approach outlined in this study and subsequent treatment of cases under DOTS (Tuberculosis is completely curable through short-course chemotherapy. Treating TB cases who are sputum-smear Research Article


In order to investigate the roles of active molecules during the bioinspired synthesis process of gold nanoparticles by Cacumen platycladi leaf extract, flash column chromatography was employed to separate the Cacumen platycladi leaf extract according to the polarity differences. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector were adopted to identify the category of the isolated samples. The results have demonstrated that components in the Cacumen platycladi leaf extract can be sorted into three categories: sugars (the Sloading and S0), polyphenols (S1∼S5), and flavonoids (S6∼S8). The characterizations of gold nanoparticles, produced by each isolated sample with chloroauric acid, indicate the strong-to-weak sequence of reducing power is polyphenols, flavonoids, and sugars. Sugars have no protection strength for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles, polyphenols involved in isotropous stabilization, while flavonoids are responsi...


This paper explores the influence of vehicle design parameters, environment and driver accuracy on vehicle energy consumption integrated over standard fuel consumption driving cycles. Preliminary results are presented for the performance of a computer model of instantaneous vehicle energy consumption, prior to inclusion of the modifying effects of engine/gearbox brake thermal efficiency. The model investigates the sensitivity of driving cycle energy consumption to perturbations in parameters in the tractive effort equation, and to the accuracy with which the driver follows the demand speed-versus-time pattern. Consequent energy consumption variations are compared with permissible energy consumption variations within the tolerance bands on speed and time for each driving cycle. It is aimed to assess the realism of these tolerances and what accuracy of inertia and road load simulation is required of a chassis dynamometer used for fuel consumption certification.


The paper considers the significance of F. A. Hayek's writings on the study of complex phenomena for the study of the very complex phenomena of Hayek's own life and career. It is argued that the methodological principle which Hayek recommended for the investigation of complex phenomena is applicable to explanations of his own intellectual development. Indeed, it is argued that the extent to which a Hayek scholar respects this principle in their attempts to explain Hayek's life and career is the first criterion by which such attempts should be evaluated. As Hayek himself might have put it, an explanation of some part of his career that neglects its inherent complexity is "probably merely of necessity false" (Hayek, [1964] 2014, 263).


Background : Congenital heart disease and rheumatic heart disease are the major heart diseases in children that have an impact on pediatric morbidity, mortality, and health care cost. Determining the prevalence and distribution of these serious diseases will benefit for pediatricians and public health administrator to assess health care need and provide medical care in order to improved treatment outcome and patient's quality of life. Objective : To determine the prevalence of heart disease in the pediatric patient Material and Method : A retrospective descriptive study. All pediatric cases of heart disease including congenital and acquired heart diseases from 2009 to 2010 were reviewed the medical records. Results : There were 363 eligible patients diagnosed with heart disease; which of these was congenital heart disease (CHD) 539 cases (84.7%) and acquired heart disease 97 cases (15.3%). The most common congenital heart disease was ventricular septal defect (VSD) 42.1%, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 20%, atrial septal defect (ASD) 10.2% and pulmonary stenosis (PS) 8.9% respectively. Acute rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease was the most common disease in acquired heart disease which accounted for 41.2% which followed by cardiac complication from Kawasaki disease (20.6%). Carditis was the most frequent presented symptom of acute rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease while valvular involvement was typically mitral valve regurgitation and aortic valve regurgitation. Conclusion : Congenital heart disease is common heart disease in children. The prevalence of congenital heart defects is 84.7% and prevalence of acquired heart defects is 15.3%. The result of this study revealed similar ratio to the earlier studies. Keywords : heart disease, congenital heart disease, acquired heart disease


also been neglected. Despite these flaws, however, Gargi's book remains a must for every folklorist interested in the drama of India. Traditional Chinese Plays is a very different kind of book. The author provides a brief introduction to the traditional Chinese play which seems &dquo;doomed to disappear&dquo; in the modern age. He discusses costumes, make-up and staging, and describes brilliantly the relationship between music, poetry and emotions in this form of drama. It is a good and modest introduction. The author has chosen two texts for translation to guide the student to an understanding of this genre. They are &dquo;Ssu Lang Visits his Mother&dquo; and &dquo;The Butterfly Dream&dquo;. The translations have been prepared from various versions of each play. The themes and styles of the two differ, the first being a so-called &dquo;opera&dquo; based on an historical event, while the second is a satirical comedy on the theme of woman's inconstancy. Each text is preceded by a critical introduction. An appendix provides excerpts from the Chinese (in transliteration) of &dquo;Ssu Lang Visits his Mother&dquo; and a tape of selected scenes from this play is also available to the interested student. The author is to be commended for his success in the aim he


On the basis of the discussion of a channel conflict case of Changhong and its distributors, this article offers an analysis of the realistic significance of the key game relations of marketing channel, i.e., the relation between the manufacturer and distributor. It concludes that it is advisable for the manufacturer to seek understanding, trust and close cooperation with the distributors so as to establish the concept of marketing relation strategy and marketing channel relations.


With globalization and integration moving faster, China Market Economy gradually consummating and developing, the request of China RMB Appreciation by America, Japan and EU is becoming more strongly than ever, but China RMB Appreciation will lead to a series of consequences. Chinese government should take some positive measures at proper time to achieve more open and elastic system of exchange rate. Which keeps it on reasonable e quilibrium.


Paul Adams takes a journey through exciting new development in the science and art of understanding what is really going on in your business.


Many studies on Nr flows, fluxes and transfers on national scale (Cui et al., 2013; Gu et al., 2015) or on province-scale (Ma et al., 2014) have been documented recently. They revealed Nr transfers and fluxes to provide administrators with good information for better managing Nr from a larger scale in order to increase nitrogen utilization efficiency and decrease impacts on environment. However, we think that research into Nr flows at a fine scale, such as in representative typical townships in rural areas may be better suited to understanding Nr flows where management decisions are made. So our objective was to reveal the Nr fluxes and transfers through typical region on finer scale in North China Plain using the method of tracing farmer's performances on food production and consuming and waste treatments.


We demonstrate that there are links between international trade and environmental control, heretofore unappreciated, which might substantially alter the efficacy of various governmental policies to control pollution. One concern about national environmental policies is that, whereas the benefits of certain types of abatement might be international or even worldwide, the costs will be borne strictly by the consumers and firms of the country which institutes the policy. As a result, for those types of pollution which are global (such as greenhouse gases) there will be too little pollution abatement. Our first result is that this pessimistic conclusion may be unwarranted. In a 2 x 2 Ricardian model, we also show cases where the non-cooperative contribution of countries to global environmental protection, contrary to the conventional results, exceeds that of the cooperative one due to associated changes in the terms of trade. Thus, international trade is not always a threat to global environment. Copyright 2000 by Oxford University Press.


ABSTRACT This article identifies certain cultural assumptions that underlie special education policy and practice in the United States, and argues that unawareness of cultural relativity contributes to considerable cross-cultural dissonance in working with families from diverse backgrounds. With regard to policy, the article argues that, despite an ideal of parental participation, the medical note on which the law is based frequently results in misunderstanding between professionals and parents who do not share the same value system. Three aspects of such misunderstandings are explored: The way disability is defined, the power accorded to professional expertise, and the commitment to the decontextualized language of objective science. With regard to practice, the article further identifies four areas of parent-professional dissonance: Beliefs about parenting styles, education goals, family and community concerns, and the pragmatics of communication. Explicit awareness of cultural relativity is recommended...


Italian Studies has historically faced issues of inclusivity and representation. While Spanish and French academic departments have made relatively longer strides to include the cultures of Latin America and Francophone Studies in their curriculum — lending serious attention to the histories and effects of European colonialism — Italian Studies has long trailed behind, for reasons broadly considered in this special issue


Comics are increasingly being used as a means of doing business in today's era. Many companies, business entities and individuals do business through online media. The use of comics as a promotional medium in this digital era, of course, must pay attention to the advantages of using comics as a means of digital business. This study was conducted to determine the use of digital comics as a means of digital business on Instagram social media. The qualitative research method is carried out in an inductive way, namely examining the characteristics of each part in Digital Comics that is used as a Digital Business. The use of digital comics as a means of digital business is also a good choice, because by using digital comics the content will become more interesting because in the digital comics, illustrations and text balloons can be applied. Not only as an added attraction, but illustrations and text balloons can also be used as a means of delivering information in digital business activities.


The authors report on the progress of laser interference lithography at 266 nm laser wavelength with a chemical amplified resist containing a polyvinyl derivate dissolved in propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester. A continuous-wave deep-UV source combined with a Lloyd mirror is a simple and useful tool for the fabrication of nanoscale periodic structures generally called nanoarrays. Aiming for a robust pattern transfer technique to fabricate nanoarrays into magnetic materials, the authors investigated the utility of a chemical amplification positive tone resist, despite the relatively high theoretical resolution limit of 133 nm (λ2) pattern period for the laser source used. Taking advantage of this new type of resist, the authors demonstrated for the first time the fabrication of an 18 Gbit in.2 dot pattern on a platinum thin film. © 2007 American Vacuum Society.


Governments worldwide have committed to stabilization of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) by vitrification to a durable glass form for permanent disposal. All of these nuclear wastes contain the fission-product noble metals: ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium. SRS wastes also contain natural silver from iodine scrubbers. Closely associated with the noble metals are the fission products selenium and tellurium which are chemical analogs of sulfur and which combine with noble metals to influence their behavior and properties. Experience has shown that these melt insoluble metals and their compounds tend to settle to the floor of Joule-heated ceramic melters. In fact, almost all of the major research and production facilities have experienced some operational problem which can be associated with the presence of dense accumulations of these relatively conductive metals and/or their compounds. In most cases, these deposits have led to a loss of production capability, in some cases, to the point that melter operation could not continue. HLW nuclear waste vitrification facilities in the United States are the Department of Energy`s Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Site, the planned Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant (HWVP) at the Hanford Site and the operating West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) at West Valley, NY. The Integrated DWPF Melter System (IDMS) is a vitrification test facility at the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC). It was designed and constructed to provide an engineering-scale representation of the DWPF melter and its associated feed preparation and off-gas treatment systems. An extensive noble metals testing program was begun in 1990. The objectives of this task were to explore the effects of the noble metals on the DWPF melter feed preparation and waste vitrification processes. This report focuses on the vitrification portion of the test program.


Wear-resistant materials Joel Kronqvist University of Oulu, Degree Programme of Mechanical Engineering Bachelor's thesis 2016, xx p. + yy p. appendixes Supervisor: Jouko Leinonen, Co-supervisor: Ilkka Miettunen Materials used in wear-resistant applications are exposed to heavy loads and different environmental circumstances which generate mechanical wear and corrosion. By choosing the most suitable materials for the correct applications, you can affect the lifetime of the machine and create substantial cost savings. This thesis displays wear-resistant steels but also other wear-resistant materials, including irons, ceramics and polymers. Use of the materials is divided by the application. For dry applications with mechanical wear carbon steels are the optimal choice and for corrosion and tribo-chemical wear stainless steel is the correct material.


Abstract : 48 year old gentleman from Andhra Pradesh presented with 10 days history of cough with muco-purulent expectoration and 2 days history of fever. He also complained of shortness of breath on exertion and fatigability at the onset of cough. He denied any history of gum or GIT bleed.His past medical history revealed that he has been diagnosed to have HIV-1 infection, pulmonary tuberculosis at local hospital in May, 2009. The baseline CD4-T cell count was 104 cells liter at the time of diagnosis. Following Anti-Tubercular therapy (Category-1 regimen under RNTCPDOTS) and Anti-Retroviral Therapy (Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Efavirenz), there was significant improvement in his clinical condition and his CD4-T cell count was 260 cells liter at the end of 3 months. At the time of presentation his physical examination showed marked pallor. However there was no Lymphadenopathy or oro-cutaneous lesions. Respiratory system examination revealed bilateral coarse crepitations in all areas of lung fields. His initial laboratory investigations showed macrocytic anemia with poor reticulocyte response suggestive of hypo-proliferative anemia. His Vitamin B-12 and Folate levels were adequate. Bone Marrow examination showed marked erythroid hypoplasia and adequate iron stores. Hence he was diagnosed to have Zidovudine Induced PRCA. His zidovudine was withdrawn and the Anti -retroviral medications were changed to L a m i v u d i n e , S t a v u d i n e a n d Efavirenz.Zidovudine-induced anemia has usually been reported as macrocytic and megaloblastic. Reversible pure red cell aplasia is a rare complication of both zidovudine and Lamivudine, typically occurring within the first 3 months of therapy. This case highlights 2 rare complications of Zidovudine toxicity. Firstly, the zidovudine induced pure red cell aplasia which is a relatively rare toxicity. Secondly, the red cell aplasia presented after 18 months of initiation of Zidovudine. Keyword :HIV, Zidovudine, Red cell aplasia


The paper argues the theoretical viability of the use of conceptual maps for information organization and visualization in virtual environment. Starting on the assumption that, in the Internet it is possible to develop catalogues with more attractive visual format to users, using conceptual maps. Being accompanied by a paradigm change, with the advent of the virtual environment, the text argues about of rhizome as a new model for information organization in this environment. The information is understood, here, as symbolic forms that are disconnected from material register. It is understood that this boarding applies to cyberspace, considering hypertext as a form of representation for informational mobility in the net, and the metadata as important tools to describe and to organize information. About metadata, some of its main aspects are argued, such as functionality, the importance of the context and the necessity of existence of interlocutors, that is, the possibility of interpretation by a man such as by a machine. For the assignment of an informational object in the Internet, it is necessary to retake the document concept throughout history, understanding itself as the lesser unit in the process of information organization. Entering into an alliance between the Information Science and Computer Sciences studies, it is understood that the process of information organization, in the virtual environment, will be "empowered", favouring the users and taking them to acquire a greater knowledge about as research domain, as much as about the proper information search process.


Protein Microarrays enable the analysis of multiple binding events in parallel. Based on patented UNIclone technology, we have established a reproducible protein biochip platform to determine specific binding profiles to multiple targets in a quantitative way. The UNIchip protein biochips provide a novel and unique tool for antibody characterization and ranking. Potential off-target activities can be detected by establishing a quantitative binding profile of an antibody to 400 different, unrelated targets. Together with on-chip determination of sensitivity, linearity and dynamic range the quantitative fingerprint enables a unique performance ranking and specificity analysis of antibodies. We have analyzed the performance of three block-buster biotherapeutics directed against TNF-alpha. The biotherapeutics show a clear differentiation both with regard to their binding profile to unrelated proteins as well as their binding affinity to the cognate target on the biochip. The quantitative fingerprint also offers a novel strategy for antibody pair selection in ELISA development.


Keywords: virtual reality ; haptics ; [AFM] ; [VRAI] Note: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Reference LSRO2-REPORT-2001-003 Record created on 2005-02-04, modified on 2016-05-30


This study reports on research undertaken by the Teachers' Union of Ireland which explored the levels of work-related stress experienced by members working in the institute of technology sector. The study utilised an online survey instrument which measured seven recognised Stressors developed by the Health & Safety Executive and included a section on distinct factors relevant to the institutes of technology sector. Over 1,100 members responded to the survey, representing a response rate of 30%. Respondents reported risk levels for work-related stress with the different Stressors as: High Risk for 'Change,' 'Demand' and 'Managers' support,' Medium Risk for 'Control' and Low Risk for 'Role,' Relationships' and 'Peer support.' In terms of third level factors, the high level of risk was associated with the following factors: 'Flex hours,' 'Consultation,' 'Increased student numbers' and 'Reduced funding.' The results clearly associate increased levels of risk of work-related stress in circumstances of poor consultation, lack of engagement with staff, excessive workload, demanding task with unrealistic deadlines and lack of support provided by management. Low risk levels are associated with peer support and relationships. The social dynamic between colleagues seems to assist in the alleviation of the risk. It would seem from the results and the general research into work-related stress, developing positive working environments and work cultures can greatly assist in the reduction of the associated risk levels. This study is the preliminary phase of a campaign on work-related stress seeking to inform members, advise branches and seek employers to fulfil their obligations. The survey results will be used as baseline data for comparative analysis with further annual survey results to ascertain whether risk levels have changed in the intervening periods. The results will be used to inform members, employers and other agencies of the levels of work-related stress experienced by members in their sector and individual workplaces.


Memorial Day is a day of joy for the small children as well as for the old survivors of the Civil War. For many years before our school was organized Colonel Parker's own G. A. R. Post, the George G. Meade Post, met with Colonel Parker at the Chicago Normal School, and since his death they have looked forward annually to being our guests on Memorial Day. Long before the cars carrying these soldiers are due to arrive, the eighth-grade boys are at the front door, proud to be their personal escort. When they arrive (each year in decreasing numbers), they are taken by their young escorts to the gymnasium for a short rest before the assembly. For years one of the mothers has thoughtfully furnished cigars, and they light up for a few puffs and a visit together. Soon the first grade enters and walks in and around the old gentlemen without any attempt at formality. For the rest of the school the atmosphere is entirely different. The children are made to feel that the best way to show their respect and reverence toward the old soldiers is to pass in review before them, halt, salute in the most military manner possible, and pass on into the auditorium. With a really soldierly bearing each grade, with the grade teacher in the lead, marches across the


They achieved a similar effect of grace and even enchantment, wrote Brantome, when they performed the passemeno d'Italie which, though faster, required the same majestic pose, gliding movements and solemn steps, for princess Marguerite – beautiful, graceful and dignified – excelled in these slow dances. Not that she could not outperform most other ladies of the Court in sprightlier measures, if she so wished! Brantome had placed this image of a dancing couple in the special atmosphere of a court ball, with its excitement heightened by the jewels and the lights abundantly displayed. His gaze then shifted to the forms in movement, as he stressed the consummate ease with which they danced, their skill and accuracy in performing well-known steps appreciated by the audience, and the grace and majesty of their overall performance. Another sight of dancing forms is provided in Jacques Tahureau's Dialogues, where there is recorded a debate between


Linear quadratic regulation (LQR) is very fundamental in modern control theory. The theory has been developing for several decades. However, a more general problem, the LQR problem for stochastic systems with multiple control channels and delays still remains outstanding. To better understand our idea, the paper focuses on dealing with the problem with two control channels and a delay, which is more difficult than the one with a single delayed control channel since the former actually encounters interaction of control channels besides the delay. A new value function is proposed, which is key for finding the predictor-like controller. The idea is also suitable for handling the LQR problem for Ito stochastic systems with multi-control-channel and multi-delay.


Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020, according to the World Health Organization. Lung cancer is the one with the highest mortality. Its detection in early stages is crucial to prevent its spread, known as metastasis. During these last decades, the interpretation of medical imaging (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, echography, etc.) has been performed by human experts. However, recently, these analyses have begun to benefit from the help provided by AI-based systems. These systems are still not able to replace the experts, but they can help as diagnostic assistance. In this sense, this study aims to design a tool for detecting lung cancer through the analysis of histopathologic images using Deep Learning models. Moreover, a whole labelled dataset has been elaborated with the clinical data of 21 patients provided by the Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas of Almería.


In this dissertation the question is examined, if it is justified to ascribe rights to animals. The theory of animal rights of American philosopher Tom Regan ranks as one of the most important approaches of animal ethics. The idea of animal rights finds not only supporters, but also opponents. There are four positions which one uses often as arguments against animal rights. These four positions are: (1) the doctrine of animal automata of Descartes, (2) the doctrine of indirect duty of Kant, (3) the contractarianism of John Rawls and (4) the preference utilitarianism of Peter Singer. It follows from the discussion with these four positions that none of them can stand a critical examination. That animals have rights is therefore not impossible. But Regan succeeds not in offering a solid foundation for his theory of animal rights. It doesn't mean that one must waive the idea of animal rights. It is showed that one can justify moral rights of animals with the theory of justice in the sense of Aristotle.