Narrowed, uterine arterioles in the placental bed are the histologic hallmark of many, clinical obstetric syndromes including preeclampsia, IUGR, preterm labor, midtrimester loss, and, placental abruption. Early reports (1945-1980) illustrate, but do not explain, accompanying "halos" of hyalinised cells around these narrowed arterioles that are consistent features of these lesions (Figure 1a). Similar, narrowed arterioles are common in many gynecologic syndromes where there are "halos" of regenerating, injured nerves around narrowed uterine arterioles in presentations of chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis , dyspareunia, vulvodynia, irritative bladder, and, bowel syndromes (Figure 1b). The neurovascular injury is one, and the same, in both obstetric and gynecologic, clinical syndromes. It results from injuries to pelvic vasomotor nerves (the "neural" injury) that release neural cytokines and growth factors causing transmural hyperplasia and narrowing of denervated arterioles, that become susceptible to successive, hyaline and fibrinoid changes (the "vascular" injury). Their common origins have been difficult to recognise because during pregnancy the injured arterioles extend to the placental bed, but, the injured nerves do not, leaving one, or more, layers of hyalinised cells around the injured arteriole in the placental bed biopsy (Figures 1a-b). Injuries to pelvic nerves result from "difficult" first labors, physical efforts during defecation, complications of gynecologic surgical procedures, as well as hypertension. Injuries to arteriolar vasomotor nerves induce "new" and "novel" receptors including purinergic, P2X3 and VEGF receptors in arteriolar smooth muscle that may respond to "pain" and "stretch" , or, activate other autonomic reflexes. Recent evidence suggests that the unexpectedly diverse, and varying, consequences of these neurovascular injuries may contribute to the pathophysiology of different, obstetric and gynaecologic syndromes. *Correspondence to: MJ Quinn, MD, LLM, Visiting Professor, Medical University of Wenzhou, 1, Nanbaixiang Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, CHINA, PR 325000, E-mail: email@example.com


Detailed and precise background predictions are the backbone of large parts of high-energy collider phenomenology. This requires to embed precision QCD calculations into detailed event generators, to produce comprehensive software simulations. Only continued progress in this direction will allow us to exploit the full potential of measurements at the Large Hadron Collider, or at a future ElectronIon Collider. This work presents a method to combine third-order QCD calculations for hadronic scattering processes with Monte-Carlo event generators, thus enabling a new generation of precision predictions.


AbstractThe local populations of the West African coast have embarked on European sailing vessels since at least the fifteenth century. However, the insertion of different ethnic groups into such activities along the coast occurred neither at the same time nor in the same manner. If the initial marine activities of the Kru of Liberia, followed by the Kru of the extreme southwest of the Cote d'Ivoire, date from the fifteenth century, four centuries were to pass before the Neyo of Sassandra embarked on European ships in the second half of the nineteenth century. All African sailors aboard European ships were known as "Krouman" regardless of their ethnic identity. Local societies along the coast became dependent on these seaborne activities of their peoples—so much so that it is appropriate to speak of a "Krouman phenomenon." Since its spread to the Neyo villages of Sassandra, the "Krouman institution" has garnered the attention, first, of colonial authorities (from 1894 to 1954); then, of the general admini...


In this paper, we present our study on {eta} photoproduction based on the chiral quark model. We find that the quark model provides a very good description of {eta} production with far fewer parameters, and the threshold region is not a reliable source to determine the {eta}{ital NN} coupling constant due to its strong dependence on the properties of the resonance {ital S}{sub 11}(1535). We suggest that the systematic data in {ital E}{sub lab}=1.2--1.4 GeV region may help us to determine the {eta}{ital NN} coupling constant more precisely. The structure of the resonance {ital S}{sub 11}(1535) is discussed; we find that the recent data from Mainz group bring the helicity amplitude much closer to the quark model prediction. However, more studies need to be done to understand the large {eta}{ital N} branching ratio of the resonance {ital S}{sub 11}(1535). Our results show that the quark model is a very good approach to studying the underlying structure of baryon resonances from the meson photoproduction data.


To elucidate the relationship between particle-attached (PA, ≥ 5.0 μm) and free-living (FL, 0.2-5.0 μm) bacterial communities, samplings were collected seasonally from November 2011 to August 2012 in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu, China. We used 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes to study bacterial diversity and structure of PA and FL communities. The analysis rendered 37,985 highly qualified reads, subsequently assigned to 1755 operational taxonomic units (97% similarity) for the 8 samples. Although 27 high-level taxonomic groups were obtained, the 3 dominant phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes) comprised about 75.9% and 82.4% of the PA and FL fractions, respectively. Overall, we found no significant differences between community types, as indicated by ANOSIM R statistics (R = 0.063, P > 0.05) and the Parsimony test (P = 0.222). Dynamics of bacterial communities were correlated with changes in concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP). In summer, a significant taxonomic overlap in the 2 size fractions was observed when Cyanobacteria, a major contributor of TSS and TP, dominated in the water, highlighting the potential rapid exchange between PA and FL bacterial populations in large shallow eutrophic lakes.


Abstract Inland flooding from tropical cyclones is a significant factor in storm-related deaths in the United States and other countries, with the majority of tropical cyclone fatalities recorded in the United States resulting from freshwater flooding. Information collected during National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) tropical cyclone field experiments suggests that surface water and flooding can be detected and therefore monitored at a greater spatial resolution by using passive microwave airborne radiometers than by using satellite sensors. The 10.7-GHz frequency of the NASA Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR) has demonstrated high-resolution detection of anomalous surface water and flooding in numerous situations. In this study, an analysis of three cases is conducted utilizing satellite and airborne radiometer data. Data from the 1998 Third Convection and Moisture Experiment (CAMEX-3) are utilized to detect surface water during the landfalling Hurricane Georges in both th...


ABSTRACT In this review, thermosetting polymers derived from natural resources are highlighted for future generation with greater sustainability for different applications. Recently, agro-based polymer products are gained popularity since last two decades due to the depletion of fossil reserves and to protect the environment from carbon emissions. This review also designed to explain the various types of agro-based polymer products derived from cardanol, itaconic acid, tannin, sugar (isosorbide), and vegetable oils as important starting materials due to their abundant availability, low price, and unique reactive chemical structure. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The part of the medical profession in the National Defense Program is an important one. Without health, participants in industrial production and members of the armed forces become liabilities rather than assets. The American workman loses on an average eight work days a year from illness, the aggregate number of such days so lost reaching the astounding figure of three hundred and forty million, or more than a million work years a year. The armed forces of the United States during World War I suffered a loss of six million, eight hundred thousand work days from venereal disease. These staggering totals on two fronts alone graphically indicate the size and the importance of the task that confronts American medicine. The vast amount of highly specialized, scientific knowledge accumulated by the medical profession in relation both to prevention and to cure of disease is capable of enormously enhancing the strength and


A novel conflict evidence combination method based on evidence distance is proposed.The distance between evidences is obtained with improved K-L distance equation,and is further transformed to weight which reflects the importance of evidence.According to weights,the basic probabilities are reallocated,and then are used to get the final combination result by the improved combination method.The final comparison example shows that the combination results of new method are determined,and are more accordance with the actual conditions.


ORLANDO - The problems associated with cardiovascular disease can only be solved by partnership—with patients, federal, state and local governments, and other health care organizations, according to the American Heart Association's leadership meeting here at the organization's 70th scientific session.

"Advances in the understanding of genetics, physiology, pathophysiology, and disease have created new opportunities for clinical research," said Martha Hill, RN, PhD, president of the American Heart Association. But this new knowledge will only have an effect if scientists and physicians can integrate behavioral and social sciences with the biomedical sciences. "This research transitions from the laboratory to new applications for diagnosis, therapy, and prevention in humans," she said in her presentation during the opening session.

She called on the 37,000 meeting participants to lead the way in solving the problems of cardiovascular disease by:

* Embracing the scientific findings that are relevant to the AHA mission of reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease.

* Translating research not only from the bench to the bedside but also into the clinics, homes, and communities.

* Improving health behavior with the same zeal given to support for biomedical research.

* Protecting basic research funding and encouraging further work in the areas of behavioral science, epidemiology, and prevention.

* Communicating the possibilities for preventing and treating heart disease and stroke to members of Congress, state legislatures, and local governmental officials.

In aid of this, she said, the AHA is working to insure that the 7.1% increase for stroke and heart disease research currently in the federal budget stays there, and the organization is joining with others in pushing for a doubling of the budget of the National Institutes of Health by the year 2002. …


The work shift is one of factors which influences the occurence of exhaustion especially the day shift and the night shift. These two shifts are really more exhausted than the morning shift because they result in the disorder of circadian rhythm (sleeping disorder). The purpose of this research is to know the difference of exhaustion due to work among the morning shift, the day shift and the night shift in the employees of the winding production division. The method of this research used a cross sectional method. The statistic test used the test of kruskal wallis. The results of the research reveals that there are differences in the exhaustion due to work among the morning shift, the day shift and the night shift with the value of p=0.000 in the employees of the winding production division. Related to the level of work exhaustion in the employees, it is known that most of respondents are in the high exhaustion in the night work shift (35.5%).


Large‐scale three‐dimensional fluorescence imaging is essential for comprehensive and quantitative understanding of neuronal circuitry. We describe a water‐based optical clearing agent, SeeDB, which clears fixed brain samples in a few days leaving many types of fluorescent dyes unquenched, including fluorescent proteins and lipophilic neuronal tracers. This method maintains a constant sample volume during the clearing procedure, an important factor to keep cellular morphology intact. After optical clearing with SeeDB, we can reach a depth of >1000 µm with confocal microscopy. When combined with two‐photon microscopy, SeeDB allows us to image fixed mouse brains at millimeter‐scale level. Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 66:2.22.1‐2.22.19. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Liver transplant is now well established in the management of chronic terminal hepatopathy. With the follow up of these patients, we are getting to know path...


PURPOSE: A dissolved carbon dioxide concentration controlling method for a carbon dioxide fixing apparatus using carbonated water is provided to more effectively prepare an optimal culturing condition for microalgae by controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide inside culture water, and reducing installation cost for the carbon dioxide fixing apparatus by using a pH meter or an oxygen meter instead of an expensive carbon dioxide meter. CONSTITUTION: A dissolved carbon dioxide concentration controlling method for a carbon dioxide fixing apparatus includes: a step of manufacturing carbonated water by dissolving carbon dioxide in water using a carbonated water maker; a step of culturing microalgae inside a collecting water tank using the carbonated water fed from the carbonated water maker as culture water; and a step of feeding the carbonated water from a carbon dioxide reducing apparatus collecting the carbon dioxide to inside the collecting water tank with the carbon assimilation of the microalgae. The optimal pH value of the culture water for increasing the microalgae inside the collecting water tank is determined(ST11). The pH value of the culture water inside the collecting water tank is measured(ST12). The supply amount of the carbon dioxide dissolved in the carbonated water is varied according to the variation of the measured pH value on the basis of the determined optimal pH value so that the concentration of the dissolved carbon dioxide is controlled(ST13). [Reference numerals] (ST11) Setting the optimal pH value; (ST12) Measuring the pH value of culture water; (ST13) Controlling the carbon dioxide concentration of carbonated water;


Current CBR applications for sales support in electronic commerce are limited to fixed, unchangeable products. In order to support sales support for configurable products, customization of base products must be supported as well. For this purpose, an interactive operator-based transformational adaptation approach from CBR can be applied and realized as a flexible clientserver architecture for business-to-business as well as business-to-consumer applications. Such an approach is currently realized as part of the ESPRIT project WEBSELL.


Trust is the lynchpin of all financial market transactions. Without trust, markets do not function well.1 At an FX Week conference earlier this year,2 my colleague Simon Potter outlined the important role that the foreign exchange market plays in the global economy. We clearly need the market to be functioning as effectively and efficiently as possible. But for that to happen, we need to restore the trust in the foreign exchange market.


Aimed at the need of railway signal power supply without any break,this paper puts forward an optimized conception dealing with automatic switching apparatus designed for double power supply system.A switching apparatus consist of main circle,detect and switch unit,and the design of control software.When power off occurs,the apparatus can automatically transfer the customer electric circle to the standby power supply,thus keeping the customer power supply still working without a break.The apparatus is characterized by high detect sensitivity,low false operation rate,high reliability and switch speed.


Understanding reaction mechanisms in many chemical and biological processes requires application of rare event theories. In these theories, an effective choice of a reaction coordinate to describe a reaction pathway is essential. To this end, we study ion solvation in water using molecular dynamics simulations and explore the utility of coordination number (n = number of water molecules in the first solvation shell) as the reaction coordinate. Here, we compute the potential of mean force (W(n)) using umbrella sampling, predicting multiple metastable n-states for both cations and anions. With increasing ionic size, we find these states become more stable and structured for cations when compared to anions. We have extended transition state theory (TST) to calculate transition rates between n states. TST overestimates the rate constant due to solvent-induced barrier recrossings that are not accounted for. We correct the TST rates by calculating transmission coefficients using the reactive flux method. This a...


Climate change and energy security are some of the key questions for the 21st century. Cities in developing and emerging countries are massively growing sources of energy demand. Although cities cover only 2% of the earth's surface, 50% of the world's population live in cities, but they are responsible for three-quarters of the global energy consumption as well as approximately 80% of the global greenhouse gas emissions. While the trend towards urbanisation and the growth of megacities creates huge challenges it also offers the unique opportunity to shape energy use especially in the transport and urban form towards a lowcarbon pathway. This is one of the core objectives of the Programme "Sustainable Development of the Megacities of Tomorrow" 1 supports knowledge exchange and mutual learning about good practice examples for sustainable urban development.


Floristic change on islands is a matter of considerable theoretical and practical conservation interest. The vascular flora of Heron Island, a small coral cay on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia was, therefore, surveyed at 3 month intervals from September 1990 until December 1993. During this period 57 species were reported for the island, with the number of species present at one time varying from 40 to 53. Six alien species and two native species were reported from the island for the first time. Direct gradient analysis demonstrated a similarity between spring-summer samples and autumn-winter samples, with the pairs of samples being different from each other. Neither the total number of species present at one time nor the proportion of alien species in the flora has increased since 1984, suggesting that the flora has reached equilibrium with the disturbance caused by human activity on the island. A method for estimating the annual rate of species turnover (I1) is outlined, and I1 is calculated for Heron Island and four other islands in the Capricorn-Bunker Group. The low I1 reported for Heron Island is further evidence for floristic equilibrium being approached on this highly disturbed site.


In this study, we mixed the microbial agents AR156, AR156-1, AR156-2 which were came from Nanjing Agricultural University, mycorrhizal fungi which was came from Qingdao Agricultural University, fungicide thiophanate-methyl which was came from the German Basf Inc. with pepper matrix respectively, and studied the control efficacy of different agents with different concentrations against soil-borne diseases of hot pepper in fields. The results showed that,the treatment 108cfu/mL AR156-2 possessed highest control efficiency of 86.39% and 78.14% after hot pepper plants being transplanted 60 days and 105 days later respectively, and the yield was significantly increased by 214.93%. The mycorrhizal fungi treatment did not show so significant control effect as the agent AR156-2, but the yield was increased by 158.25%.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this experience report was to present the partial results, potentials, and reflections on the implementation of the Information and Communication Network on the Exposure of Workers to Sars-CoV-2 in Brazil. This Information and Communication Network seeks to contribute to the production and dissemination of information on combating the pandemic, disseminating health prevention norms and guidelines for workers who are performing on-site activities in various productive branches during the pandemic. Simultaneously, the Network developed instruments to record the exposure situation of these workers, due to the interinstitutional action of the teaching and research units, services, and the representation of organized civil society. The integrated information and communication actions aim to articulate knowledge, practices and public policies with the objective of strengthening the National Policy for Workers' Health and actions aimed at promoting health in populations exposed occupationally and environmentally to Sars-CoV-2.


FIELD: medicine; medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has deflection member arranged in a chamber in fixed position with respect to compressed gas exit and liquid exit so that compressed gas path is deflected from the mentioned gas exit through the mentioned liquid exit for producing aerosol. The device also has protection member mounted in the mentioned chamber, the member being movable in accordance with patient breathing. The second version is distinguished by shift member connected to the deflection member and having flexible membrane. Method for supplying medicament to a patient involves moving the shift member by acting with exhaled air pressure that causes the movable protection means to change position so that the medicament is protected from entering the chamber. EFFECT: provided concordance in aerosol supply and breathing cycle; improved ecological conditions. 37 cl, 17 dwg


The Bicaudal-C (Bicc1) multi-KH domain RNA binding protein controls cell fates by binding and repressing the translation of specific target mRNAs. To provide new insights into Bicc1-RNA binding we used quantitative assays to analyze interactions between Xenopus Bicc1 protein and the 32-nt Bicc1 RNA target site from XlCripto-1 mRNA. High-affinity binding by XlBicc1(Kd=34nM) required both a 5' leader sequence and a 3'loop sequence. Bicc1 proteins from humans (HsBicc1), zebrafish (DrBicc1) and fruit flies (DmBicc1) also bound the XlCripto-1 RNA with high-affinity via an interaction requiring the 5' leader sequence, providing evidence for a conserved mechanism of RNA recognition by Bicc1. However, in contrast to XlBicc1, each of the other species' Bicc1s showed a significantly relaxed requirement for the 3' loop sequence. Analyses of mutant forms of XlBicc1, revealed that the KH1 domain promoted Bicc1's requirement for the loop sequence via a GXXG-independent mechanism. In addition, a fusion protein comprised of the XlKH1 and the DmBicc1-KH2-KH3 subdomains was sufficient to establish high-affinity, loop-sensitive Bicc1-binding to XlCripto-1 RNA. These data support a model wherein the KH2 domain interacts with the leader sequence via a GXXG-mediated KH-RNA interface, defining the conserved core of the metazoan Bicc1-RNA interaction, while the KH1 domain is required for the formation of a more flexible, secondary protein-RNA interface that allows recognition of the 3' loop sequence. This secondary interface differs between species and possibly between target mRNAs, establishing the potential for a range of translational repression activities for Bicc1 target mRNAs.


Time flies! My presidency year ended and it is time to look at the past year's activities--what has been achieved and which actions require continuation or changes. Looking back it seems that our work began only "a week ago" ...


ZrxSi1−xO2 films were deposited by using Zr[N(C2H5)2]4 and Si(OC4H9)4. Composition (x) of a 4 nm thick ZrxSi1−xO2 was investigated by Zr 3d, Si 2p, and O 1s x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiles. The Zr/(Zr+Si) ratio gradationally changed from ∼0.1 at the silicate film surface to ∼0.67 at the ZrxSi1−xO2-Si interface during Ar+ sputtering. An atomically flat interface with no sub-SiO2 interfacial layers was observed. The dielectric constants were approximately 9 for both Zr-silicate films as-deposited and annealed at 500 °C in oxygen ambient. When annealed in oxygen ambient, the flat band approached the ideal value in C–V curve. The leakage current density of the Zr-silicate films as-deposited and annealed at 500 °C was ∼5×10−4 and ∼3×10−8 A/cm2, respectively, at a bias of 1.0 V.


Aflatoxins are a group of secondary metabolites produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus and also by Aspergillus parasiticus, that are acutely toxic to warm blooded animals including human beings. Aflatoxin producing species of Aspergillus are quite common and widespread in nature. They can colonise and contaminate grains before harvest or during storage. Host crops are particularly susceptible to infection by Aspergillus following prolonged exposure to a high humidity environment. Other favourable conditions include high moisture content and high temperature. The aflatoxins can be found on a wide range of commodities including cereals, pulses, oilseeds, spices and dry fruits. In India, aflatoxins have been reported from a variety of edible substances such as cereals, oil seeds, spices, vegetables, dry fruits, pulses, areca nut, coconut and fast foods. The aflatoxins became the focus of intense investigations when outbreaks of disease called "Turkey X' disease" occurred in Poultry during 1960 in U.K. Since the beginning of mycotoxin research the aflatoxin problem has been an economic burden for the food crops, livestock and poultry industry. The aflatoxins are acutely toxic being carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to rat and other experimental animals, so there has always been a concern about contamination of food with aflatoxins and threat to both human and animal health. Primarily aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1 are of interest. The aflatoxin M1 is hydroxylated metabolite of B1 that is the most frequently occurring aflatoxin. Further aflatoxin B1, is one of the most potent hepatocarcinogens known, hence levels of aflatoxins in the diet are an important consideration for human health. It is therefore, essential to device suitable cheap and safe control measures to minimize the deleterious effects of these mycotoxins. The aim of this review study was to explore the biological ill effects and health hazards due to these aflatoxins.


Objective To investigate the effects of hepatitis B virus(HBV) procure(PC) 1896 and basal core promoter(BCP) 1762/1764 mutations on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods HBV PC 1896 and BCP 1762/1764 mutations were determined in 520 patients with HBV infection(chronic hepatitis B). The secondary hepatocellular carcinoma was observed in all patients.Results The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was 8.3% in patients with PC 1896 mutation,30.0% in patients with BCP 1762/1764 mutation, and 10.9% in patients with both PC 1896 and BCP1762/1764 mutations. Compared with patients without PC 1896 and BCP 1762/1764 mutations, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma significantly increased in patients with PC 1896 and BCP 1762/1764 mutations(22.9% vs 1.1%, P0.01). Conclusion HBV PC 1896 and BCP 1762/1764 mutations are correlated with the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, the detection of HBV gene mutations should be strengthened in patients with HBV infection.


The present study aimed to provide undergraduate medical students an opportunity to apply their knowledge in cardiovascular concepts to real life situations


ABSTRACT Background Individuals experiencing psychosis are often admitted to acute mental health wards. There is increasing pressure to reduce readmission rates, by enhancing the effectiveness of care. Methods Eight service users with experiences of psychosis were interviewed about the support provided by mental services before, during and after acute mental health inpatients admissions in the UK. Results All participants had at least one other admission to an acute mental health ward in the preceding six months. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three themes were identified: 1) Quality of therapeutic relationships, 2) Adjusting to sudden shifts in care, 3) Struggling without the ward environment. Although participants acknowledged positive care experiences within their narratives, significant challenges were evident in the abilities of services to effectively meet service users' needs across the care pathway. Discussion Findings highlight the importance of consistent support centred on service users' needs at all stages of care. Service users need support to build autonomy and coping skills to sustain meaningful recovery within the community and reduce the likelihood of readmission.


Objective To discuss the value of the microsurgery techniques on the squint strabismus treatment through retrospectively studying the curative effects difference between the cases treated with the microsurgery techniques and treated with traditional surgery.Methods It was collected that the clinical data from 92 patients with concomitant strabismus treated with microsurgery techniques and 103 patients with concomitant strabismus treated with traditional surgery in zhuzhou city central hospital.In according to the therapeutic effect evaluation standard of strabismus the Chinese medical association branch of strabismus and ophthalmology pediatric ophthalmology group in the 1996,the curative effect and complication of the patients were documented,compared and analyzed between these two groups.Results Eighty-four cases of patients were fully cured by the microsurgery,taking up the 92.3%,and incomplete functional cure patient 5(5.49%),and two of patients were fully cured by the clinical approaches,in 92 cases of patients treated with microsurgery techniques.There were 5 cases of overcorrection(15,5.44%) patients and 2 cases of undercorrection(15,2.17%) patients in microsurgery techniques group.Compared with traditional surgery group,the rat of bleeding complications,eye-gastrointestinal reaction and corneal epithelium damage stripped is lower.The following up 6 to 12 months standard postoperative investigation,incidence rate conjunctival granuloma in microsurgery group is lower than traditional group.The others showed no difference between traditional group and microsurgery group.Conclusion The microsurgery treatment to the concomitant esotropia and walleye is a promoting techniques with the characteristics of higher curative effect,little injury,fewer complications in surgery and postoperative.


The The purpose of research to know and analyze: (1) There is the difference of influence dribbling circuit training method and slalom dribbling to dribbling speed of football extracurricular participants MTs Al Uswah Bergas Semarang. (2) There is a difference of influence between participants who have high agility and low to the speed of dribbling football extracurricular participants MTs Al Uswah Bergas Semarang. (3) There is an interaction between the training method and the agility of the dribbling speed of extracurricular participants MTs Al Uswah Bergas Semarang. This research uses an experimental method with a 2x2 factorial design. Data analysis technique uses Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) at significance level (α) 0.05. The independent variables in this research are dribbling circuit and slalom dribbling. Agility high and low as attribute variables and the dependent variable is dribbling speed. The results of this study: (1) There is a significant difference  effect between dribbling circuit and dribbling slalom dribbling on soccer dribbling speed with significance value (0.009) Ftable (4.04), (2) There is a difference effect between the participants who have high and low agility to the speed of football dribbling where the significance value (0.000) Ftable (4.04), (3) There is an interaction between exercise method and agility to soccer dribbling speed with significance value (0.039) Ftable (4.04).


Accuracy and stability of dynamic stress intensity factors in numerical analysis are focal problems in fracture mechanics.However,research on accuracy is given much more efforts than on stability problem.In this paper,based on energy release rate theory,a fracture model with a new auxiliary function is suggested to calculate dynamic stress intensity factor with interaction energy integral method.Its reliability and stability are analyzed and testified with numerical examples for three major cases: quasi-static propagation of crack tip through elements,small translation of virtual extension domain,and relative variation of crack tip position in element due to trivial difference of meshing.Satisfactory results are obtained in these tests.


Selective laser melting (SLM) as a novel metallic additive manufacturing process has drawn extensive attention recently, mainly due to its unique ability for layer-by-layer fabricating parts of various complexities. However, the fatigue response of SLM parts, due to the presence of non-melted regions into the final SLM product, is inferior as compared to that of parts manufactured by conventional methods. In this work, high-speed photography is utilized to realize the formation mechanisms and behavior of these un-melted particles during SLM fabrication. A computational image analysis framework is developed and applied to obtain the size and the number of induced unmelted regions. The morphology and the composition of un-melted particles and their influence on the surface properties of the fabricated parts are also determined in this study.


As one of the most crucial part of the unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV), the composite propeller plays an important role on the UUV's performance. As the composite propeller behaves excellent properties in hydroelastic facet and acoustic suppression, it attracts increasing attentions all over the globe. This paper goes a step further based on this idea, and comes up with a novel concept of "morphing composite propeller" (MCP) to improve the performance of the conventional composite propeller (CCP) to anticipate the improved propeller can perform better to propel the UUV. Based on the new concept, a novel MCP is designed. Each blade of the propeller is assembled with an active rotatable flap (ARF) to change the blade's local camber with flap rotation. Then the transmission mechanism (TM) has been designed and housed in the propeller blade to push the ARF. With the ARF rotating, the UUV can be propelled by different thrusts under certain rotation velocities of the propeller. Based on the design, the Fluent is exploited to analyze the fluid dynamics around the propeller. Finally, based on the design and hydrodynamic analysis, the structural response for the novel morphing composite propeller is calculated. The propeller blade is simplified and layered with composite materials. And the structure response of an MCP is obtained with various rotation angle under the hydrodynamic pressure. This simulation can instruct the design and fabrication techniques of the MCP.


When teaching an object-oriented language, one of the first problems faced by educators is to convey to students what we mean by the term object. In the case of a hybrid language such as Java, there is the additional difficulty of distinguishing between the primitive data types and types specified by classes. In the TeacUP tool, objects are pictured with their reference variables, and clear distinctions are made between variables of different types. Fragments of Java code, such as those used in lectures and textbooks, are stepped through and interpreted line by line. The program state is updated to reflect the effect of each statement. Students can observe the execution of a program as a dynamic process. In particular we can emphasize the difference between variable declaration and object instantiation.


We extracted collagen from moon jellyfish under neutral pH conditions and analyzed its amino acid composition, secondary structure, and thermal stability. The content of hydroxyproline was 4.3%, which is lower than that of other collagens. Secondary structure analysis using circular dichroism (CD) showed a typical collagen helix. The thermal stability of this collagen at pH 3.0 was lower than those from fish scale and pig skin, which also correlates closely with jellyfish collagen having lower hydroxyproline content. Because the solubility of jellyfish collagen used in this study at neutral pH was quite high, it was possible to analyze its structural and physical properties under physiological conditions. Thermodynamic analysis using CD and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the thermal stability at pH 7.5 was higher than at pH 3.0, possibly due to electrostatic interactions. During the process of unfolding, fibrillation would occur only at neutral pH. CD and DSC analyses for the thermal denaturation of jellyfish collagen at pH 7.5 and 3.0 with its schematic


Abstract The incidence and severity of bud loss as a result of the floral bud disorders collectively called "budjump", were investigated from 1986 to 1991 throughout the Waikato region of New Zealand. Large variation was found in levels of bud loss from year to year. Most bud loss was found in the cultivar 'Hosui', with high levels of bud loss significantly reducing fruit production in some years. In the cultivars 'Kosui', 'Shinsui', 'Nijisseiki', and 'Shinseiki' bud loss was much less severe. On 'Hosui' most bud loss was found on young trees, and on young wood on older trees. Least bud loss was found at branch tips and on spur buds on older wood. High levels of bud loss were also associated with reduced flower numbers in remaining flower clusters. The type of rootstock and training system used had no effect on the incidence of budjump.


This column provides an opportunity for readers to share with their colleagues some of the creative techniques that they have successfully developed or adapted in their work with couples andfamilies. If it works wellfor you, others may also be able to adapt it for their purposes or be stimulated to invent or adapt another technique. Send manuscripts to Robert Sherman, 12 Berkshire Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, or to the Editor indicating that the manuscript is for this column. Thefollowing article is designed to encourage couple andfamily therapists to recognize that the body is part of the whole when we speak of a holistic approach. Techniques for working with the body can assist in opening up the doors to change by capitalizing on the enormous energy generated by the symptomatology and resistance.


A soliton-equation hierarchy from the D. Levi spectral problem is obtained under the framework of zero curvature equation. By employing two various multi-component Lie algebras and the loop algebras, we enlarge the Levi spectral problem and the corresponding time-part isospectral problems so that two different integrable couplings are produced. Using the quadratic-form identity yields the Hamiltonian structure of one of the two integrable couplings.


We present the magnetocaloric properties of the substituted Heusler alloy Ni2Mn1−xCuxGa, which shows a maximum magnetic entropy change of ΔSM≈−64J∕KgK=−532mJ∕cm3K at 308K for a magnetic field change ΔH=5T. The dependence of ΔSM on ΔH is approximately linear and does not reach saturation at 5T. It is demonstrated that the temperature at which ΔSM occurs can be tuned through subtle variations in composition.


The governance for building Wonheungi Eco-Park in Cheong-ju City is considered as the representative case that solved social conflict through interaction and coordination among stakeholder who have different opinions. This purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of network group by analyzing important events happened during the building process of Wonheungi Eco-Park in Cheong-ju city. For the investigation, this study deducted an ideal frame of organization in progressive levels through surveys on experts and measured levels of diversity of the stakeholders and governance during the building process of Wonheungi Eco-Park in Cheong-ju city. The results of the this study are expected to provide fundamental idea for developing an assessment model for the governance rised within the community and other cases.


In arithmetic modeling of traditional net maximizing flows, it is ideal condition data for capacity of each way to be considered. Therefore, it is limited that the modeling applies to actuarial problems. However, the ideal condition problem is expanded to further general conditions by the paper. So, the way capacity of fuzzy reliability condition is putted forwards and expressed using the method of graphical theory and fuzzy mathematics. Ultimately, it is built for logical cutting tree modeling of net maximizing flows to consider fuzzy reliability condition, and it is designed for criterion to determine the value of the net maximum flows. The practical analysis is made, and the effect of it is good on the basis of taking the actual net problems as analysis material using the modeling of the paper.


The role of the valuer in undertaking a valuation is to determine the value of the property being valued. In the case of mortgage valuations, where the purchaser has agreed and exchanged contracts on a property, it may be presumed that the role of the valuer is to confirm or reject the purchase price as value. In the case of rejecting the purchase price as value, the market value is determined by the valuer.


The inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by azide under various steady states was analyzed and found to be controlled by an active accumulation of azide.


The objective of this paper is to characterize concrete micro-environment temperature response to the natural climate of the tropical rainforest. The peculiar warmth, high humidity, and low pressure nature of the tropical rainforest necessitated the present study. Temperature probes were inserted into concrete specimens subjected to the sheltered and unsheltered environment to measure the micro-environment temperature of the concrete, and study the hysteresis characteristics in relation to the climate temperature. Some mathematical relationships for forecasting the internal temperature of concrete in the tropical rainforest environment were proposed and tested. The proposed relationships were found reliable. It was observed that the micro-environment temperature was lower at the crest, and higher at the trough than the climate environment temperature with a temperature difference of 1-3 oC. Also, temperature response in concrete for the unsheltered micro-environment was 1.85 times faster than the response in the sheltered micro-environment. The findings of the study may be used to assist the durability assessment of concrete.


LIGHT (TNFSF14, CD258) is a member of the TNF superfamily that is expressed on activated T cells, immature DCs, macrophages, and NK cells. LIGHT interacts with its receptors (HVEM and LTβR) and is reported to provide co-stimulatory and pro-inflammatory signals to T cells, B cells, DCs, and macrophages. Numerous studies have implicated the pro-inflammatory effects of LIGHT as an important contributor to disease severity in models of inflammatory bowel disease and fibrosis. However, the inhibitors used in many of these studies (e.g. LTβR-Ig and HVEM-Ig) are not specific for LIGHT, and are likely to impact other pathways such as LTαβ and BTLA. Our focus was to develop domain antibodies (dAbs) that specifically block LIGHT-HVEM and LIGHT-LTβR interactions to better understand the therapeutic potential of LIGHT specific blockade. We were able to develop a mouse LIGHT specific inhibitor that potently blockades LIGHT-HVEM and LIGHT-LTβR interactions in vitro. Notably, this dAb had little effect when used as a monotherapy in a murine model of colitis, but when combined with CD40 blockade showed a high degree of efficacy (equivalent to CTLA4-Ig treatment). These data suggest that LIGHT monotherapy may not be sufficient to impact disease severity, but LIGHT blockade may have potential as part of a combination approach.


We analyze the relationship between institutional quality and firm efficiency. Using rich data on firms in the European Union between 2005 and 2012, we show that high institutional quality lowers the share of persistently inefficiently used assets. The adverse effect of low institutional quality may be one of the narrow channels through which institutions affect income per capita in the long-run. Our approach combines institutional economics and Schumpeterian creative destruction. In addition, we observe similarities between inefficiently used assets by European firms and the phenomenon of zombie lending in Japan during the last decades.


With the continuous improvement of China's economy, the current construction of China's power grid has been continuously optimized and improved, and the structure of the power system has become more professional and advanced. At the same time, the operation of distribution and transmission lines has become more complicated, which also poses new requirements and challenges for the operation management and maintenance of daily distribution and transmission lines. Therefore, this article will focus on the daily operation and maintenance measures of distribution and transmission lines. This article analyzes the various faults in the operation of daily distribution and transmission lines, calculates the lightning strike rate based on the topography of the line, and finds the line. The lightning protection point is weak. Then propose feasible measures to promote the operation management and maintenance work. Based on the research and summary of the operation mode of the distribution line system, this paper points out the power distribution line maintenance technology commonly used in the current system operation, and on this basis, explores the construction method of the lightning protection technology system. So that the security level of the entire system can be maximized.


In terms of the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave formulation of quantum theory, we develop field-theoretical models of quantum nonequilibrium systems which could exist today as relics from the very early universe. We consider relic excited states generated by inflaton decay, as well as relic vacuum modes, for particle species that decoupled close to the Planck temperature. Simple estimates suggest that, at least in principle, quantum nonequilibrium could survive to the present day for some relic systems. The main focus of this paper is to describe the behaviour of such systems in terms of field theory, with the aim of understanding how relic quantum nonequilibrium might manifest experimentally. We show by explicit calculation that simple perturbative couplings will transfer quantum nonequilibrium from one field to another (for example from the inflaton field to its decay products). We also show that fields in a state of quantum nonequilibrium will generate anomalous spectra for standard energy measurements. Possible connections to current astrophysical observations are briefly addressed.


Abstract Recent research has shown that general trends in forest leaf area index along regional climatic gradients can be adequately characterized by using ratios of near-infrared and red reflectances. However it has proven difficult to represent properly the spatial distribution of Leaf Area Index (LAI) at sub-regional scales such as small catchments. The key problem at Thematic Mapper scale is the variation in canopy closure and understorey contribution, which dramatically influences near-infrared reflectance from conifer forests, [n this paper, a new spectral index is presented to estimate LAI of conifer forests using a combination of Red, NIR and mid-IR reflectances from the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM). A simulation system (RHESSys) was used first, to generate potential vegetation patterns around a watershed in order to test them against remotely-sensed vegetation patterns, and secondly, to test the sensitivity of forest ecosystem processes to LAT estimated from combinations of the Thematic Mapper da...


To enlarge the knowledge about the control methods of pore size of phenolic porous material and to know the effect of pore size on its mechanical property, experiments were carried out. On the basis of the theory of bubble nucleation, large stirring speed can overcome the surface energy of bubble formation and the nucleating agent can provide a large number of nucleation sites for foaming system. We adopted the methods of accelerating the stirring rate and adding nucleating agent to improve bubble nucleation. Pore size, size distribution and the effects of stirring speed and nucleating agent concentration on them were investigated by scanning electron microscope and computerized image analysis program. Results showed that with the increase of stirring speed, the mean pore size decreases from 246 to 138 µm and the structural homogeneity of phenolic porous material was improved obviously. The nucleating agent has a great effect on the pore structure and optimal amount (5%) at which the pore size is small in level of micrometer and has a good distribution. In addition, the compression testing was carried out by Universal Testing Machine and the test results suggested that the change of micrometer pore structure improves the compression strength of porous material effectively.


The capacity of rats to produce Hc antibodies to part of the antigenic components present in the crude extract but not against others was demonstrated when rats were immunized separately with isolated fractions.


As a new service industry, the creative industry has special productive elements, unstable organization pattern, particular rules and specific environmental conditions on its innovation and development. Up to now, research in this field is in the exploring stage. With the theory of ecology, this paper first described the different patterns of innovation communities in creative industry based on multiple famous examples, and established an ecological chain model to explain the operating and developing mechanism for sustainable innovation in creative industry. At last, we gave some analyses of the current situation of Shanghai, one of the most developed cities with creative industry in China.


| african arts AUTUMN 2018 VOL. 51, NO. 3 Oludamini Ogunnaike is an assistant professor of religious studies at the College of William and Mary. He teaches courses on Islam, Islamic philosophy, spirituality, and art, as well as African and African diasporic religions. Professor Ogunnaike's research examines the philosophical dimensions of postcolonial, colonial, and precolonial Islamic and indigenous religious traditions of West and North Africa, especially Su sm and Ifa. He is currently working on a book entitled Su sm and Ifa: Ways of Knowing in Two West African Intellectual Traditions and maintains a digital archive of West African Su poetry. oogunnaike@ wm.edu Performing Realization The Sufi Music Videos of the Taalibe Baye of Dakar


Immersive, multisensory displays are increasingly a goal of advanced human–machine interfaces, and three‐dimensional sound techniques are now practical enough to be applied to these displays. The goal of virtual acoustics is to simulate the complex acoustic field experienced by a listener freely moving within an environment. Of course, such complexity, freedom of movement, and interactivity is not always possible in a ''true'' virtual environment, much less in lower‐fidelity multimedia systems. Many of the perceptual and engineering constraints (and frustrations) that researchers, engineers, and listeners have experienced in virtual audio are relevant to multimedia. In fact, some of the problems that have been studied will be even more of an issue for lower fidelity systems that address the requirements of a large, diverse, and ultimately unknown audience. Examples include individual differences in head‐related transfer functions, a lack of real interactivity in many multimedia systems, and perceptual deg...


In order to apply indoor localization systems in real environments it is necessary to provide an accurate location without implying a high impact on the user's normal behaviour. To achieve this goal, in this paper, a combination of battery saving techniques with a system based on WiFi fingerprinting is proposed. This is done by transferring the location calculation workload to the server, leaving user's mobile devices the only responsibility of making periodic WiFi network scans at dynamic intervals based on user activity, through an application running on background. There are not many studies analyzing energy consumption of existing localization systems, even though it is an important factor in real applications. In this paper, both energy consumption and accuracy are analyzed, having an energy consumption of only 0.8 Wh (having a 3.7 V battery) during a 24-hour cycle and an average localization error of 4.51 meters. Worth to mention that as computation is done on server side the system can be expanded to multiple buildings and floors. Finally, the dataset used in this paper has been published making possible to test new algorithms in the same environment.


The study of self-efficacy is a hot issue in the field of education and psychology in recent years.From the definition and research condition of self-efficacy in the field of sports,this paper points out the existing problem and put forward the development trend of self-efficacy research.


My Barbarian performed their contribution to the 2014 Whitney Biennial, The Mother, adapted from a play by Brecht (adapted from a novel by Gorky), in a gallery-turned-theater just off of the first-...


We report herein a new approach to the photoinduced release of contents of lipid bilayer vesicles. The method builds on prior work from this laboratory, in which it was shown that adsorption of the hydrophobic polyelectrolyte poly(2-ethylacrylic acid) (PEAA, 1) on phosphatidylcholine (PC, 2) membranes causes conversion of the lipid from vesicular to mixed micellar form. The adsorption of PEAA and the attendant vesicle-to-micelle transition are driven by increasing proton concentration, such that PC vesicles that are resistant to leakage at pH 7.4 can be induced to release their contents rapidly and quantitatively upon mild acidification. In the work described herein, we have used 3,3'-dicarboxydiphenyliodonium salts (3) as water-soluble, photosensitive proton sources. Irradiation of vesicular PC suspensions prepared in dilute aqueous solutions of 1 and 3 results in rapid loss of vesicle contents.


We have developed an inorganic write-once disc based of the Blu-ray disc format. Our write-once disc has a double layer recording stack of a Cu alloy layer and a Si layer. These materials are environmentally friendly and low in cost. We designed a new write pulse strategy for high-speed recording while maintaining low recording peak power. As a result of using our write strategy, we obtained a jitter value of less than 8% with optimum recording power of 5 mW in the range of 36 Mbps to 144 Mbps.


The title compound, Na + .C 5 H 8 NO 4 - .5H 2 O, crystallizes with two independent chemical units, composed of two L-glutamate anions (Glu A and Glu B), two Na + ions and ten water molecules, per asymmetric unit. Each Na + ion is coordinated by six water molecules in an octahedral arrangement. Strands of coordination octahedra sharing edges with neighbouring octahedra along the a axis are linked to one another through hydrogen bonds, forming extended layers parallel to the ac plane. Each of the Glu A and Glu B anions also forms hydrogen-bonded layers parallel to the ac plane on either side of the Na + -water coordination layer. The crystal packing is dominated by stacking of this triple-layer structure.


A contravariant functor is constructed from the stable projective homotopy theory of finitely generated graded modules over a finite-dimensional algebra to the derived category of its Yoneda algebra modulo finite complexes of modules of finite length. If the algebra is Koszul with a noetherian Yoneda algebra, then the constructed functor is a duality between triangulated categories. If the algebra is self-injective, then stable homotopy theory specializes trivially to stable module theory. In particular, for an exterior algebra the constructed duality specializes to (a contravariant analog of) the Bernstein–Gelfand–Gelfand correspondence.


Administration of 9α-fluoroprednisolone causes an early (3 hr) decrease of basic amino acid incorporation into CS-P1798 lymphosarcoma protein. Decreased utilization of neutral amino acids is observed after 6 hr. These effects are accompanied by expansion of the intratumoral free amino acid pool in CS—but not in CR-P1798. Thus, decreased incorporation of radioactive amino acids in CS-P1798 appears to result from pool dilution of the tracers. It is suggested that the increase in intratumoral levels of free amino acids is a consequence of steroid-induced breakdown of tumor protein and that this effect may be related to tumor regression.


From the static polarization function of electrons in the random phase approximation, the quantum Bohm potential for the quantum hydrodynamic description of electrons and the density gradient correction to the Thomas–Fermi free energy at a finite temperature for the two‐ and one‐dimensional cases are derived. The behaviour of the Bohm potential and of the density gradient correction as a function of the degeneracy parameter is discussed. Based on recent developments in the fluid description of quantum plasmas, the Bohm potential for the high‐frequency domain is presented.


This paper describes how to export Excel files using pyExcelerator library in GAE programming environment and focuses on gererating formatted Excel files with the implementation details and the mothod of returning Excel binary stream to browser.


This study aims to theoretically develop a framework to predict bureaucratic behaviors with the political view dimension and the accountability dimension by adopting and extending Hirschman``s (1970) exit, voice, and loyalty. The political ideology dimension is dichotomized based on whether a bureaucrat``s political ideology is congruent or incongruent with his/her overhead political principals. The bureaucratic accountability dimension is also dichotomized between accountability to the overhead political principals and accountability to the public sentiment. With the given dimensions, the exit, voice, loyalty, and stay scenarios are discussed as possible bureaucratic behaviors. In addition, the silence scenario is discussed for passive bureaucrats regardless of the two dimensions. By incorporating studies on bureaucrats`` political views, accountability, and Hirschman``s bureaucratic behaviors, this study expects to contribute to a better understanding of bureaucrats.


An algorithm is described for constructing a finite-state compression code that is both progressive and multiresolution. The codec consists of nested levels of tree-structured vector quantizers (TSVQs) where the codebook for each level of the nested TSVQs is constructed from the terminal leaves of the TSVQ from the previous level. The first level of the TSVQ represents a finite-state next state function. The codeword dimension at the subsequent levels is greater than or equal to those of the previous levels. This property allows the codec to produce a multiresolution output in a progressive manner. Pruning is performed on the nested TSVQs to achieve the bit allocation across the levels. The resulting pruned TSVQ decoder operates entirely by successive table lookups, with no arithmetic computation. Furthermore, it provides superior performance to ordinary pruned TSVQ at low bit rates.<<ETX>>


Physiological Notes: 1. Pulmonary: Respiratory Mechanics.-Gas exchange.- 2. Cardiovascular.- 3. Metabolism and Renal Function.- 4. Cerebral Function.- Physiological Reviews: Measurement techniques.- Physiological processes.- Seminal Studies in Intensive Care.


THE CONTROL SYSTEM SET UP BY THE GLAVDORSTROJ HAS BEEN TESTED DURING SEVERAL YEARS OF PRACTICE AND GIVES SATISFACTORY RESULTS. ON MAIN ROADS THE TECHNICAL CONTROL IS CARRIED OUT BY THE CLIENT'S REPRESENTATIVE WHO HAS HIS OWN TEAM INDEPENDENT FROM THE TEAM OF THE CONSTRUCTION FIRM. ON OTHER TYPES OF ROAD, THE PROCESS IS DIFFERENT. GLAVDORSTROJ LABORATORY REGULATIONS HAVE BEEN STRENGTHENED, THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THIS ORGANISATION HAVING BEEN GIVEN GREATER POWER AS REGARDS QUALITY CONTROL. THE STRUCTURE OF CONSTRUCTION FIRMS WAS ALTERED SO THAT THEY NOW COMPRISE A MAIN LABORATORY, MIXING PLANT LABORATORIES (BITUMINOUS MIXTURES, CONCRETE) AND IN-SITU LABORATORIES. A MARKED EFFORT WAS MADE TO IMPROVE THE TRAINING OF PERSONNEL AND REGULATIONS WERE PUBLISHED IN BOOK FORM. FURTHER PROGRESS SHOULD BE ACHIEVED IN THE FIELD OF COMPACTION, ITS CONTROL AND SPECIFICATIONS. NEW MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES SHOULD BE DEVELOPED, FOR INSTANCE POMAROL, A PRODUCT FOR CURING FRESH CONCRETE, CONCRETE SPREADERS, CONSTRUCTION AND FILLING OF JOINTS, AND ULTRASONIC TESTING OF HARDENED CONCRETE.


The training is the core of the party school's task.At present,there are some developments in the training thoughts and training methods,and the training is also pointed and efficacious to a certain degree.However,the innovation of its contents and methods is more and more necessary due to the change of social environment,the development of teaching resources and the renewing of teaching thoughts.This article is to analyze the current situation of party school training,including the deficient daily educational administration,the monotonous curriculum provision,and the defective integration capability training for trainees.Accordingly,this article puts forward some proposals,such as schooling notions' innovation through the combination of party school training and daily inspection,training modes' innovation through the combination of obligatory course and elective course,teaching means' innovation through the combination of the advantages of party schools in universities and in communities,and testing styles' innovation through the combination of the network resources and traditional examination resources,and so on.


This study investigates US industry-based price response to domestic natural disasters over the period 1960–2015. Using an event study methodology, we estimate pre-, during and post-disaster impacts. We document a slower response in the pre-disaster period than in the post-disaster period. We further find that industries react differently to the same disaster and that reactions are not always negative. For example, meteorological disasters have a positive (negative) market impact on Gold (Banking). Moreover, we provide evidence that not every industry responds similarly to different disasters, e.g., Gold reacts positively (negatively) to meteorological (geophysical) disasters.


OBJECTIVE:To investigate the range of application of PBL teaching mode in medical education in China based on national conditions.METHODS:The range of application of PBL teaching mode was researched by summing up the advantages and disadvantages of PBL teaching.RESULTS:PBL teaching mode had its specific scope based on the actual situation in our country,i.e.senior students was more suitable to PBL teaching than junior students;professional course was more suitable than basic course;training course was also suitable to PBL teaching,etc.CONCLUSIONS:According to its scope of application,combined with the characteristics of the course and the actual situation of application,PBL teaching mode bypass the disadvantage and make best use of advantage to provide service for culture of high-quality medical talent.


A method using C-MEX to acquire data in real time is proposed in this paper.Through applying DLL,NI USB-6008's function can be used directly in C-MEX,which is helpful to control other data acquisition card.


Lithotint by William L Walton (1796-1872), of a mansion depicting a man leaning against a fence with a dog talking to a woman with a child. Original sketch by James Astbury Hammersley (1815-1869). Published in London September 1, 1844 by Chapman & Hall. Artist proof. Originally produced for "The Baronial Halls, and Picturesque Edifices of England", London 1848


The changes in health care delivery, with a reduction of hospital inpatient facilities during the last ten years, have thrown the spotlight upon community health care provision. No one now seeks to challenge the reality that most health care is undertaken in peoples homes, even if that health care is delivered by informal carers.


A vast array of knowledge has been accumulated on the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction, particularly with a large number of studies over the past few years. However, the effect of service quality on satisfaction of service recipients in Divisional Secretariats in the Public Sector is relatively an unattended area by researchers. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of service quality on satisfaction of service recipients of divisional secretariats. This particular organization was selected for the study as it is considered to be the most significant service provider in terms of statutory, social, economic and development in the country. A questionnaire survey and personal interviews were conducted to collect data by using the purposive sampling method. A modified questionnaire was prepared based on SERVQUAL instruments with two additional questions. A sample of 520 service recipients from 13 Divisional Secretariats in Colombo was drawn and it was represented by 40 from each division. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to examine the relative impact of the service quality on satisfaction of service recipients. The study revealed that all the service quality attributes positively related to satisfaction of the service recipients. The findings of the study show that satisfaction of service recipients in terms of service quality has not met the expected level, which a divisional secretariat is deemed to provide for.


ganglioneuroma as against neurofibroma. Case 6 described by Naffziger and Brown showed a softtissue paraspinal mass, which was thought to be of possible inflammatory origin. The absence of any gross disk destruction should usually prevent such a misdiagnosis, as should the well-rounded nature of the tumour mass. Enlargement of intervertebral foramina was present in 3 of our cases and in several of the other cases described, and is readily detectable on the radiographs. Where the tumour extends along the spinal canal, pedicle splaying and pedicle erosion may also be seen. Myelography will adequately outline the level of the spinal block, and if necessary the upper and lower limits of the tumour can be shown by myodil injected both from above and from below. Usually the myelogram will show the characteristic appearances of an extramedullary, extradural expanding lesion. SUMMARY


Since inventory costs account for half of logistics costs, optimal inventory management to minimise total inventory costs remains a sustainable competitive advantage. Lateral transshipment (LT) is evidently a proven strategy to minimise total inventory costs. The additional LT costs are more than compensated by lowering the stock-out costs. Previous LT models have not been applied to perishable products. Our proposed LT model embodies spoilage costs in the total inventory costs function with the other cost components (purchase from a regular supplier, LT, backordering and holding), and optimises the trade-off among these five key cost components. Numerical examples from a supermarket chain case study demonstrate that, as compared against the no or lower spoilage costs scenarios, lower LT costs are required to trigger the decision point for implementing LT in the higher spoilage costs scenario. However, common to both the with and without spoilage costs scenarios, LT is still the preferred strategy to minimise total inventory costs, given the decision rules are satisfied.


Abstract The aim of the article was to compare the effectiveness of the selected routing protocols for wireless sensor networks taking into account a number of specific parameters as network troughput, packet error rate and message buffer capacity for different network topologies. The simulation research was conducted in open source OMNeT++ environment. In order to achieve the assumed requirements, four different-sized network topologies were established and AODV and DYMO routing protocols were adapted.


The adenovirus pneumonia is one of the severe pneumonia in infants and young children.Adenovirus serotype 3 and 7 can cause severe clinical presentation, a wide range of clinical syndrome, difficult treatment, high mortality and serious pulmonary sequelae.The epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, treatment and prognosis of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children are reviewed in the paper.

Key words:
Severe pneumonia; Adenovirus; Children


In this work we construct explicit complex-valued p-harmonic functions on the compact Riemannian symmetric spaces SU(n)/SO(n), Sp(n)/U(n), SO(2n)/U(n), SU(2n)/Sp(n). We also describe how the same can be manufactured on their non-compact symmetric dual spaces.


G orlin syndrome is a relatively uncommon en-¯ tity which was first reported by Ancell in 1841 in a patient with multiple benign cysts of the jaws.~ In 196'5, this condition took on its current name when Gorlin catalogued the related findings of 150 patients , 2 the most common of which were multiple nevoid basal cell carcinomas of the neck and face, rib and spine abnormalities, multiple cysts of the jaws, and lemellar calcifications of the falx cerebri. 3 Since that time, the condition has been variously known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma syndrome, and Basal Cell Nevus syndrome) This case presents an additional previously unreported finding of delayed dental development in a patient with Gorlin syndrome. Literature review Gorlin syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a high degree ofpenetrance and variable expressivity. 5 The disorder has a population prevalence of 1 per 57,000 people, with a 3:1 male sex predilec-tion. 6 There are more than 40 different diagnostic findings associated with Gorlin syndrome. The best known feature is the presence of multiple basal cell carcinomas, which typically appear between puberty and 35 years of age, 7 covering the trunk, neck, cheeks, nose, and eyelids of affected individuals. 3 The number of these lesions can vary from a few to several thousand , varying in size from 1 to 10 mm in diameter. 7 The second most common diagnostic finding in Gorlin syndrome is the presence of multiple odonto-genic keratocysts (OKCs), which occur in up to 75% of all cases. These cysts have a peak occurrence in the second and third decade of life and are more common in the body and ramus of the mandible (80%) than the maxilla. The OKCs may vary in size, be found singularly or in groups, and be unilateral or bilateral. 5 In young patients, the OKCs can cause displacement of developing permanent teeth, expansion of the bone, be associated with an unerupted tooth, and occasionally cause root resorption. 6 Radiographically, the OKC appears as a well-cir-cumscribed radiolucency with smooth or scalloped margins and a thin opaque border. They may be either unilocular or multilocular in appearance. 5 The OKCs have been reported to have a recurrence rate of between 20 and 60%, with a peak recurrence rate within the first 5 postoperative years. 8 Treatment of odontogenic keratocysts usually includes complete enucleation with aggressive curettage to ensure …


Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of the unilateral hemilaminectomy and re-imlantation for treating unilateral lumbar disc herniations.Methods All of 61 patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniations underwent a core removed unilateral hemilaminectomy,re-implantation,and fixation by the "工 " shaped titanium plate.ODI,JOA,and VAS scores were taken from all patients,as well as complication incident rates,radiographic healing rates,and lower back and leg pain recurrence rates.Results Sixty patients were followed up after one year and up,with a follow-up rate of 98.36%.Nerve and dural injury rates were 1.67% and 3.28%;the recurrence of lower back pain after one year had a rate of 5.00%,and the recurrence of leg pain had a rate of 1.67%.ODI,JOA,and VAS scores were taken two weeks,three months,six months,and twelve months after the surgery,showing a significant difference from the preoperative scores(P 0.05).The CT after operation showed the lumbar isthmus healed,with no loosening or broken of titanium plates and screws.Conclusion Unilateral hemilaminectomy re-implantation for unilateral lumbar disc herniations showed lower rates of dural and nerve damage,as well as a higher lamina healing rate,lower back and leg pain recurrence rate,and a better clinical score.It is a safe and effective method.


Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of rosacea,and detect the minimal erythema dose( MED) to assess its sensitivity to Ultraviolet( UV) light. Metheds Ninety-eight patients with rosacea were recruited and questionnaired. Results According to our study,the pathogenesis of rosacea were related to many factors,such as hot and spicy food,psychological factors,temperature changes,topical medications, systemic disease,and 29( 29. 59%) patients with family history. Among the 42 patients undergoing MED test,34 patients( 80. 95%) with rosacea were sensitive to UV: UVB-MED value were 7. 70 and 15. 70mJ / cm2, UVA-MED value was( 11. 10 ± 4. 77) J / cm2( range,5. 40 ~18. 20mJ/cm2). Moreover,heating environment exposure can aggravate the disease. The UVA sensitive and UVA-UVB double sensitive patients were with higher risks of rosacea than the UVA sensitive patients( P 0. 001; P 0. 01). Conclusion There are many factors relate to rosacea,and UV irradiation especially UVA is one of the important factor.


This rare and unfortunately fragmentary item is a terra cotta cavalryman, made in two molds and joined. Its helmet with cheek- guards and cuirass covered with metal plates appear to be Persian or perhaps Chaldean, forces that occupied the Holy Land from the fall of Jerusalem in 586 BC to its conquest by Alexander in 332 BC. (600 – 300 BC)


In recognition of the virtual shortening of global distances and the international expansion of fashion-related businesses, this focused issue of the Clothing and Textiles Research Journal (CTRJ) represents the first joint publication between members of the International Textiles and Apparel Association (ITAA) and the Korean Academy of Market ing Sciences (KAMS). KAMS is the largest marketing organization in Asia and provides direct benefits to marketing professionals in both business and education. KAMS has also held various international fashion marketing conferences and seminars in past 10 years and publishes the Journal of Global Academy of Marketing Science (JGAMS). The purpose of the focused issue is to encourage further scholarship and to provide an outlet for sharing a wide range of scholarly activities associated with the fashion marketing system of contractors, manufacturers, retailers, and consumers. The call for papers was issued in November 2007, with a submission deadline of February 1, 2008. In the call for papers, members of both ITAA and KAMS were encouraged to submit original research that examined aspects of the global fashion marketing system. Topics related to the global fashion marketing system involved aspects of apparel marketing across regional trading systems, including, but not limited to, fashion-related issues in forecasting, product development, retailing, merchandising, technology integration and applications, multichanneling, and consumer purchase behavior. We were also open to multiple ways that scholars might approach their topics potentially integrating business and industry, consumer behavior, marketing, historical, economic, sociological, and psychological perspectives. The research presented in this issue exemplifies this global orientation and supports the rationale for international as well as interdisciplinary perspectives.


Abstract. The pattern of morning departure of rooks (Corvus frugilegus) from large communal roosts in winter is regular though it is affected by several environmental (weather) variables. A total of 151 records of the morning departure of rooks (and associated jackdaws, Corvus monedula) from two large communal roosts in the Czech Republic during the years 1966 to 1974 were analyzed. On average, the birds departed 36 min before local sunrise and 1.5 min after beginning of local civil twilight. Light intensity was the leading factor that explained 60 % of variability of the departure time. Cloud cover 30 min before sunrise, being interrelated with the light intensity at local sunrise, explained 52 % of the variability. Less important but significant factors were several weather variables such as precipitation, relative humidity of the air, horizontal visibility (fog), snow cover, and air temperature. Two best predictive multivariate regression models for timing of the birds' departure involved factors: light intensity (that accelerated the departure) or inter-related cloud cover before sunrise (it delayed the departure), precipitation (delaying the departure), snow cover (accelerating the departure due to increased food demand), and horizontal visibility (fog delayed the departure). The two predictive multivariate models explained together 75 % of variability of the birds' departure in relation to beginning of local civil twilight.


In this paper, we study an assembly job shop scheduling problem with tree-structured precedence con- straints and jobs characterized by specific bills of materials. We propose a mathematical model to deal with a simplified version of the problem, as well as a fast and efficient constructive heuristic that is able to easily face real-world-sized instances. The production schedule takes into account the actual availability of materials in stock as well as the supply times and the capacity constraints, with the goal to minimize the average delay with respect to the due dates associated to the customers' orders. Computational results on data related to real-life instances show that the mathematical model is able to solve (not always to optimality) small-sized instances only. On the other hand, our heuristic approach is able to solve efficiently very large problems. Moreover, the proposed heuristic turns out to be scalable as the instance size grows.


Purpose: We aimed to evaluate carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) concurrently as early atherosclerotic markers in pediatric patients with Celiac disease.
Materials and Methods: Patients with Celiac disease (n=54) and healthy peers (n=54) aged 5-18 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients who followed gluten free diet at least the past 12 months were included. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed. cIMT and EATT were measured by echocardiography and compared between the patient and control groups.
Results: Body mass index (17.4±3.0 vs. 18.4±3.1 kg/m2), blood pressure (systolic: 100 (85-120) vs. 100 (80-100) mmHg; diastolic: 60 (40-90) vs. 70 (40-90) mmHg), and lipid profile (total cholesterol: 144.6±30.2 vs. 150.8±22.6 mg/dL; triglycerides: 71.5 (27-178) vs. 92.5 (34-203) mg/dL) were not different between the patient and control groups, while there were significant differences in cIMT and EATT. The patient group had higher cIMT (0.50±0.07 vs. 0.45±0.04 mm) and EATT (5.68±0.90 vs. 4.22±0.76 mm) than the control group. The risk of vitamin D insufficiency was 2.68 times higher in the patient group (95% CI=1.19-6.03).
Conclusions: Children with Celiac disease had higher cIMT and EATT than healthy peers. cIMT and/or EATT measurements by echocardiography may present as a reliable and easy method to investigate subclinical atherosclerosis in children with Celiac disease.


A complete response to the challenge of COVID-19 requires diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies. Until recently, the treatment arm has included largely ineffective, often unproven medications with minimal impact on disease outcomes. The earlier experimental therapies are now giving way to approved antiviral drugs with a demonstrated capacity for SARS-CoV-2 suppression, and more are on the way. New oral antiviral drugs will expand treatment options for persons with COVID-19 and, if used early, become the first line of defense for reducing hospitalization, mortality, and virus spread. Several oral medications have been approved for treating COVID-19 on an emergency use basis in the United States (US), European Union (EU), United Kingdom (UK), China, Russia, and India, with other countries now facilitating regulatory reviews and approvals. Here, we compare the risk/benefit profiles of three leading oral antiviral drugs: Favipiravir, Molnupiravir, and Paxlovid. These compounds have distinct features supporting their targeted use by persons with COVID-19 disease.


Identification in the use m edicine in geriatric patient of hypertension w ith Beer 's Criteria In inpatient installation of Ibnu Sina Makassar hospital period 2012 . In this study aims to observe and report on the use of drugs included in the Beers criteria on the use medicine in geriatrics patients of hypertension in the inpatient of Ibnu Sina Makassar Hospital. This is an observational study with the following descriptive design through the entire medical record in geriatrics patients who suffer from hypertension of Ibnu Sina Hospital in Makassar. The results showed that the types of drugs included in the Beers criteriaare nifedipine (3.44%), alprazolam (44.82%), lorazepam (13.79%), diazepam (13.79), estazolam (6.89 %), metokloperamide (10.34%), and mefenamic acid (3.44%).


Long term administration of an opioid drug for chronic nonmalignant pain continues to be controversial, but is no longer uniformly rejected by pain specialists. This is true despite concerns that the regulatory agencies that oversee physician prescribing of opioid drugs continue to stigmatize the practice. The changing clinical perspective has been driven, in part, by widespread acknowledgement of the remarkably favourable outcomes achieved during opioid treatment of cancer pain. These outcomes contrast starkly with popular teaching about chronic opioid therapy and affirm the potential for prolonged efficacy, tolerable side effects, enhanced function associated with improved comfort and minimal risk of aberrant drug-related behaviours consistent with addiction. A large anecdotal experience in populations with nonmalignant pain suggests that these patients are more heterogeneous and that opioid therapy will greatly benefit some and will contribute to negative outcomes for others. The few controlled clinical trials that have been performed support the safety and efficacy of opioid therapy, but have been too limited to ensure generalization to the clinical setting. A critical review of the medical literature pertaining to chronic pain, opioid pharmacology and addiction medicine can clarify misconceptions about opioid therapy and provide a foundation for patient selection and drug administration. The available data support the view that opioids are no panacea for chronic pain, but should be considered in carefully selected patients using clinically derived guidelines that stress a structured approach and ongoing monitoring of efficacy, adverse effects, functional outcomes and the occurrence of aberrant drug-related behaviours.


This volume is the third in a series cataloguing the Duke of Norfolk's deeds at Arundel Castle in West Sussex, one of the largest private collections of family and estate papers in Britain. It has been prepared (with the aid of a team of cataloguers) by the longstanding castle archivist Heather Warne, and largely concerns the estates in the county of Norfolk acquired by the earliest-known ancestors of the current duke, notably the lawyer and judge William Howard (d. 1308). Around 750 items have been catalogued (i.e. summarised, rather than transcribed in full) for this volume, mostly dating from the period 1200–1600, and readers will be glad to learn that the editor took the decision to translate the most important sections of the originals into English, 'as few people are taught Latin these days' (p. xxv). The real interest in this material for the landscape historian lies in the wealth of detail the deeds provide on medieval micro-topography, with hundreds (if not thousands) of minor place-names recited, and frequent reference given to significant landscape features, such as open fields, fenland marshes, deer parks, and even specific buildings. A highlight is a rare specification (giving measurements and materials) dated 1422 for a new roof for the Trinity Guildhall in King's Lynn. We also learn the name of a ferryboat operating in the town in 1281 — the bawdy-sounding 'Strudecunte' — and in reading the deeds of Ingoldisthorpe and Snettisham parishes 'the reader is transported to the lost landscape of open arable farming in the thirteenth century' (p. 5). A deed of 1279, for example, specifies the right to graze pigs and geese 'but not other animals' in the common marsh of Ingoldisthorpe (p. 31), and saltpans (salinis) are mentioned in North Wotton in 1323 (p. 36). Several deeds throughout the book detail the medieval practices by which lords and tenants consolidated blocks of land in the open fields and eventually enclosed them into private hedged closes. The process was already taking place in thirteenth century Ingoldisthorpe (p. 5), and from Wiggenhall there is a remarkable series of deeds detailing exchanges of strips in the open fields c. 1280–1308 (p. 87). At Hingham in the fifteenth century farmers 'were slowly steering towards private farming practice in newly acquired fields, referred to in the deeds as enclosures or closes' (p. 310). The book is divided into ten sections, of which nine concern the parts of the county to which the deeds relate: namely, the areas of King's Lynn, Wiggenhall, North Walsham, Kenninghall, Banham, Attleborough, Hingham, Hardingham, and Ashwellthorpe. Short introductions are given to each section, before the deeds themselves are presented, giving full details of parties, witnesses, dates, and substance. Some of the deeds and their seals are illustrated with black and white photographs, and there is a helpful glossary as well as two indexes arranged by (1) parties, places and subjects, and (2) surnames. Considering the wealth and interest of the minor toponymic material contained in the book, it is a shame that the names of furlongs 'seemed too many to accommodate in the index' (p. 431). The only other criticism this reviewer has concerns the highly speculative discussion of the origin of the surname Howard on pp. 40–1, which flies in the face of more credible scholarship (presented in the 2016 Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland) linking it to various Middle English personal names with Continental Germanic or Old Scandinavian roots. However, this does not detract from what is otherwise an excellent volume which will surely be of enormous value to local and landscape historians in Norfolk and beyond.


Abstract The findings of trials investigating the effect of catechin on endothelial function are controversial. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the existing evidence and determine the effects of catechin supplementation on endothelial function. Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception until March 2019, in order to find relevant RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane's Q test and I-square (I 2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity of included trials. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the overall effect size. A total of 16 studies with 22 effect sizes were included in this meta-analysis. A significant increase in flow mediated dilation (FMD) in 10 studies was found after catechin supplementation including 13 effect sizes (WMD: 1.53; 95% CI: 0.93, 2.14). The pooled analysis of 7 effect sizes from 4 studies showed a significant reduction in pulse wave velocity (PWV) after catechin supplementation (WMD: −0.32; 95% CI: −0.44, −0.20) and combining 5 effect sizes from 3 studies in augmentation index (AI) (WMD: −3.57; 95% CI: −6.40, −0.74). Catechin supplementation significantly increased FMD, and significantly reduced PWV and AI, but did not affect other markers of endothelial function.


Abstract : The U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory (USAARL) Auditory Protection and Performance Division (APPD) owns, operates, and maintains a 6-inch inner diameter shock tube to create shock waves in a controlled environment. Firing parameters such as diaphragm material, diaphragm thickness, and transducer location can alter the properties of the produced shock wave. The measured shock wave properties in this study are peak level and A-duration. The shock tube produced more consistent peak levels and A-durations as cylinder pressure approached the natural membrane burst pressure or 80 psi limit. With enough space in the exposure room, the 6-inch shock tube satisfies the requirements in American National Standards Institute/Acoustical Society of America (ANSI/ASA) standard S12.42-2010 for impulse peak insertion loss value (IPIL) calculations.


Laboratory-based experiments were performed to investigate how dielectric loss measurements of defect free XLPE power cable samples responded to changes in the insulation temperature. The results showed that tan δ values changed significantly and non-linearly as the temperature varied from 4C to 65C. The trend was consistent and independent of the test voltage and confirms similar findings by other researchers. The phenomenon is interpreted in terms of the hopping conduction model in polymers. Possible implications of these findings on in-situ tan δ diagnostic tests are discussed.


The invention provides an internet acceleration method and system based on an HFC (hybrid fiber coaxial) network. According to the method, downlink bandwidth resources of the HFC network can be still fully utilized when the uplink bandwidth of a telecommunication network is very low, and downlink data of internet can be received from the HFC network at high speed. The internet acceleration method comprise the steps of: 1, establishing a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connection between a user terminal and an internet business server; and 2, taking over the TCP connection by an acceleration server and an acceleration client side: specifically, 2-1, establishing a line between the internet business server and the acceleration server, when the internet business server pushes data to a user, caching the pushed data by the acceleration server, sending a first response message to the internet business server, meanwhile, pushing the data to the user by the acceleration server through the HFC network, and 2-2, after the user receives a data message pushed by the acceleration server, and sending N second response messages on receiving the data message to the acceleration server, wherein the second response messages are captured and optionally processed by an acceleration client side and then sent to the acceleration server.


Plastic relaxation and formation of defects are crucial issues in the epitaxial growth of nanoparticles and thin films. Indeed, defects generate local stress in the crystalline lattice, which affects their surroundings and may lead to undesired effects such as reduced charge-carrier lifetime or nonradiative recombinations. Here, we use a nondestructive method based on x-ray diffuse scattering close to forbidden reflections to identify the defect types with a high sensitivity and quantify their average size and strain field. Combined with transmission electron microscopy, it offers opportunities to track both ensemble average and single defects inside three-dimensional structures. These techniques have been applied to partially embedded and high-Ge-content (x{sub Ge}=0.87{+-}0.06) dots selectively grown in 20-nm-sized pits on Si(001) surfaces through openings in a SiO{sub 2} template. The stress in the 20-nm-wide Ge islands is relaxed not only by interfacial dislocations but also by microtwins and/or stacking faults located at the interface, proving the importance of {l_brace}111{r_brace} planes and twinning in the relaxation process of nanometer-size Ge dots.


Cornea, as a source for obtaining stem cells, is a good medium for their use in veterinary ophthalmology. In this research, we used dogs which were diagnosed extensive, chronic thinning of the central cornea (vertex corneae) generated due to mechanical damage of the corneae pannosa complicated. The goal of this study was to test if subconjuctival application of limbal stem cells allografts had influence on hematology parameters in peripheral blood.Animals were divided in three experimental group regardless of breed, sex and age, each group comprised 7 dogs. Group A consists of clinically healthy dogs (control), in group B were dogs who had injuries treated by conventional ophtalmological approach in veterinary medicine, and group C in which corneal injury were treated using subconjuctival cell allograft. Blood samples were taken four times during the experiment from all animals for hematological analysis. Transplantation of limbal stem cells allografts did not affected physiological hematology parameters


In France, almost the entire population is connected to a water distribution system (99 percent). A slightly smaller number is connected to a wastewater collection system (80 percent), as on-site sanitation solutions tend to be used in low density rural areas.1 The French model for the management of water services is characterized by decentralized relationships between public authorities and private operators, with multi-level financial mechanisms of redistribution to mutualise costs (essentially at the basin level). This study describes how the water sector is run and regulated with respect to the resource itself and to the management of services. Two related issues are addressed at the end: the importance of private operators and the renewal of water and wastewater systems.


Around 3.2 million children under 5 years old die year from diarrhea. If mothers knew how to apply the 3 basic rules of home care for diarrhea many lives would be saved. These rules include administration of more fluids than usual to prevent dehydration providing plenty of food to prevent malnutrition and having a health worker see the child if the childs health does not improve in 3 days or if danger signs materialize. Fluids which can help children with diarrhea are rice water soups oral rehydration solution unsweetened fruit juices and plain water. Danger signs include many watery stools repeated vomiting marked thirst eating or drinking poorly fever and blood in the stools. In developing countries national programs for control of diarrhea diseases (CDD) are working to increase the number of children who receive appropriate home care when they have diarrhea. These programs can use the World Health Organizations [WHO] CDD Programme simple research protocol to gather information about local beliefs and practices as they apply to diarrhea. This study can be conducted in about 6 weeks. Program managers can use the findings to identify locally-available home fluids that mothers are willing and able to provide their ill children in increased quantities. They can draw up effective means to promote continued feeding during diarrheal episodes. They can also identify appropriate local names for danger signs. Once national CDD programs have made appropriate home care recommendations they must develop and implement strategies to effectively convey these recommendations to mothers. A key strategy is improving the quality of communication between health workers and mothers to communicate the rules for home care at every opportunity. WHOs CDD Programme has a training course called Advising Mothers for health workers to improve their communication skills. It is developing a guide to help national CDD programs to use the radio more effectively.


This work is focused on setting numerical simulations for testing and validate cooling channels effectiveness in rotor blade of a heavy industrial gas turbine. Many numerical simulations have been set in order to calculate most important physical parameters of internal air flow, as well as heat transfer coefficient in many sections of the cooling path. Objects of these simulations are the old cooling scheme ("radial holes") and currently adopted one (ceramic core insert): geometry modification was necessary in order to improve casting procedure effectiveness. Comparison between the two solutions is also part of the present work.


On the basis of classical literature,nationalism,religious morals and social problems,the paper makes an analysis of the renowned Victorian poet and critic Matthew Arnold's inheritance and development of the thoughts from his father Thomas Arnold,from which it can be seen that the thoughts of Matthew Arnold and his father are obviously hereditary.


This report describes analysis of the Galileo Net Flux Radiometer (NFR), an instrument mounted on the Galileo probe, a spacecraft designed for entry into and direct measurements of Jupiter's atmosphere. The grant period for NAG2-1028 began on 1 April 1996, nearly four months after Jupiter atmospheric entry on 7 December 1995, and at which time the probe data were fully recovered and quick look analysis completed. This grant supported the detailed data analysis, resulting in a preliminary paper in Science in May 1996 and a final paper in the journal of Geophysical Research in .September 1998, with conference papers presented within this period.