F ol l owing p regnan cy . a dve rse rea ct ions a re desc ribe d in 7 patients su ffe ring from b orde rl ine ( dim orp h ous ) lep rosy . The re acti on s in m ost cases we re sudden a n d se ve re ; ne rve damage often occu rre d within t h e space o f a d a y or 50, with resul tant pa ralysis an d anaesthesia . S ome of these patien ts we re seen in rem ote a reas, and on clini ca i signs al one it was n ot p ossib le t o dist inguish between immun ol ogi cally bene fi ci a I ( u p g ra ding . re ve rsal ) . an d immu n ol ogi cally det rimental ( d owng ra ding ) rea ct i ons. H owe ve r, thei r s p onta n e ous occu rrence f ol l owing p regnan cy and the fa ct that cel l -m e diated ( n ot hum oral ) immune fa ct ors a re kn own t o be in vol ved in this type of rea ct i on . raise the p ossibility that they m ay h a ve been p recipitated by a ret u rn of cel l -mediated c om petence fol l owing p regnan cy . These rea ct i ons fre  quent ly cause tissue damage . an d t h is is m ost imp ortant in p e riphe ral nerves ; thei r pat h ogenesis is as yet p oorly unde rst ood . The p ossible sign i ficance of thei r occu rrence in or fol l owing the pue rp e rium is d iscussed in re1at i on t o re cen t resea rch on de p ressi on of cel l -mediated immune resp onses in p regnan cy , and in w om e n ta king the c ont ra ce pt i ve pi l l .


Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, a small molecular lipocalin secreted by neutrophils, has a close relationship with inflammation, immune response, tumor, kidney diseases, etc.Recent studies have found that NGAL has a protective effect on kidney, and could be used as an effective indicator for early monitoring of kidney diseases.The review mainly summarizes the mechanisms, physiological functions and clinical applications of pediatric renal diseases.

Key words:
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; Children; Renal diseases; Mechanism; Physiological function


199 McConnell v. FEC1 represents a significant departure from Buckley v. Valeo,2 perhaps signaling the beginning of the end of its reign. Of most wide-ranging impact is the Court's sweeping "deference" to Congress, which appears to follow more from decisions such as Shrink Missouri3 and Colorado Republican II4 than from Buckley.5 Yet, in another respect, McConnell is consistent with Buckley: it takes a profoundly limited view of the right of association. Because the Court in McConnell faced an even clearer choice than it did in Buckley on the associational rights issues, its decision to assign little significance to them may signal the effective demise of the right of association in campaign finance jurisprudence. Buckley also had given short shrift to associational rights, placing far more emphasis on the "speech" effects of campaign finance regulation. The Buckley Court endorsed the view that, unlike the right of speech, the right of association did not enjoy the protection of the highest level of scrutiny of government-imposed controls on political money. Restrictions on expenditures—on direct speech, as the Court treated expenditures—would be subject to the strictest scrutiny, requiring a compelling interest served by the most narrowly drawn means. Contribution restrictions, more immediately significant in the Court's view to the exercise of associational rights—would be treated differently, because contributions constituted only a "general expression of support of the candidate and his views" without communicating the "underlying basis for the support."6 Under the Buckley Court's analysis, the adverse effects on association were tolerable. Contributors restricted in their contributions remained "free to become a member of any political association and to assist personally in the association's efforts on behalf of candidates."7 This construction, it may be useful to recall, did not follow necessarily from the Court's preBuckley precedent. Cases such as NAACP v. Alabama,8 commonly cited for the proposition that associational rights matter, held that "state action which may have the effect of curtailing the freedom to associate is subject to the closest scrutiny,"9 and that the associational right is an "inseparable aspect of the 'liberty' associated with the Due Process Clause. . . ."10 Yet, for purposes of assessing the constitutionality of campaign finance controls, the Buckley Court


Introduction: Impact craters containing central pits are rare on dry bodies like the Moon but common on Mars and the icy moons of the outer solar system. Impact into and vaporization of subsurface volatiles is the probable cause of central pit formation [1, 2]. Vi-king-based studies of central pit craters on Mars found regional distributions of these craters, with an apparent preference for the outer rings of multiring basins [3]. However, image resolution hampered a complete analysis of central pit craters, particularly those at the smaller diameter range. Our current study utilizes THEMIS visible (VIS) and daytime infrared (IR) imagery to obtain a more complete survey of the distribution and characteristics of these unusual landform. Methodology: The 18 m/pixel resolution of THEMIS VIS greatly surpasses the ~40-100 m/pixel resolution of the Viking Orbiters, providing more detailed views of martian impact craters. However, THEMIS VIS is limited in its spatial coverage. THEMIS daytime IR, while lower in resolution (~100 m/pixel), covers much of the planet's surface. It also often provides clearer imagery than visible images in the presence of the prevalent atmospheric hazes. This is particularly the case for the higher latitudes, which were often plagued with clouds or thick hazes during the Viking missions and where few central pit craters were detected in the earlier study. Thus, the primary dataset for this analysis is THEMIS daytime IR with THEMIS VIS being used when available. We are perusing each THEMIS image frame in order of release date in search of central pit craters. When such a crater is identified, the latitude and longitude of its center is noted, its diameter is measured, the central pit's diameter is measured, the crater's preser-vational classification is determined [4], and its ejecta blanket, if present, is classified using the system described in [5]. Central pits are classified as floor pits if they occur on the crater floor (Figure 1) and summit pits if they occur on a central rise or central peak (Figure 2). Preliminary Results: To date, we have identified approximately 1500 central pit craters on Mars, many of which where not detected in the previous Viking-based analysis. Floor pits are approximately twice as common as summit pits (68% vs 32%). Some pits are rimless while others display a slightly raised rim. Diameter: Summit pit craters range in diameter from 7 to 40 km while those displaying a floor pit range from 6 to …


The perchlorate anion has been detected in the drinking water of millions of people living in the United States. At perchlorate levels equal to or greater than 1 mg/L and where the water is not immediately used for household purposes, ex‐situ biotreatment has been widely applied. The principal objective of this paper was to compare the technical and economic advantages and disadvantages of various bioreactor configurations in the treatment of low‐ and medium‐strength perchlorate‐contaminated aqueous streams. The ideal bioreactor configuration for this application should be able to operate efficiently while achieving a long solids retention time, be designed to promote physical–chemical adsorption in addition to biodegradation, and operate under plug‐flow hydraulic conditions. To date, the granular activated carbon (GAC) or sand‐media‐based fluidized bed reactors (FBRs) and GAC, sand‐, or plastic‐media‐based packed bed reactors (PBRs) have been the reactor configurations most widely applied for perchlorate treatment. Only the FBR configuration has been applied commercially. Commercial‐scale cost information presented implies no economic advantage for the PBR relative to the FBR configuration. Full‐scale application information provides evidence that the FBR is a good choice for treating perchlorate‐contaminated aqueous streams.


appeared in the New England vacation-time calendar a gatherum of broiler festivals and chautauquas in which the word champion points as often at potatoes as at athletes. Bad weather, which made chaos of the schedule of contests, and an impossibly complicated scoring system, which necessitated the use of digital computers, meant that spectators at the event were never clear whether they were cheering underdogs or front-runners. Efforts to dignify the competition by importing officialdom to observe it led to inelegant vaudeville turns. (A member of the United States House of


Railway transportation occupies an important position in the logistics transportation. In my country, more than two-thirds of the logistics transportation is completed by railway transportation. However, the development of the logistics industry today is relatively slow and lagging. Most of it is limited to bulk cargo transportation, and is out of touch with other logistics transportation modes such as roads, aviation, and sea transportation. Transportation services cannot be effectively implemented. The types of transportation are single and customer satisfaction is not high. The cost remains high. With the development of the market economy, the single operation mode of railway freight yards has been unable to meet the development of the logistics industry. It is imperative to build railway logistics parks relying on marshalling yards and freight yards. This paper uses fuzzy recognition algorithm to plan the location of the railway logistics park. First, determine the selection method of the railway logistics park candidate database: establish an index scoring system, use fuzzy recognition to calculate the index weight ratio, and use a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for site selection. Then use the mathematical model of railway logistics park site selection for modeling. Finally, the fuzzy recognition algorithm is used to solve the location problem of railway logistics park.


During the last decade The Netherlands witnessed an increase in the pace of job creation and job destruction. A sensitivity analysis using an empirical model of labour market flows shows thatthe congestion in the matching process due to the increase in the pace of job creation and destruction may have substantial effects on employment and unemployment;the effects depend very much on the initial pace of labour market dynamics and they are larger when the initial pace is low;the economy may be out of its unemployment equilibrium for quite a long time after a shock occurs.The novelty of the model is that it takes explicitly account of the propagationof shocks through the various duration classes of unemployment andallows for negative duration dependence. In the case of negativeduration dependence caused by depreciation of human capital long-termunemployed become, to a certain extent, 'outsiders'. However, in themodel simulations no much unemployment persistence is found as aconsequence of cyclical fluctuations in the pace of job creation anddestruction. The 'thin' market argument, i.e. the endogenous decreasein job creation in response to the depreci-ation of human capitalfollowing an adverse cyclical shock, does not lead to much persistenceeither according to our model, which assumes homogeneous (and equallyproductive) jobs and long run equlibrium unemployment.


The treatment of 2-arylpyridines, 2-arylquinolines, or 1-phenylpyrazole with chalcones or analogues in AcOH as solvent and an optimized Rh/Ag catalyst affords a range of corresponding addition products (32 examples).


Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by metabolic disorder that result a lack of insulin in human body. Deficiency of the insulin hormone causes abnormal blood sugar level fluctuation. These conditions should be treated appropriately to prevent the occurrence acute metabolic disorder and chronic complication, so an appropriate treatment can be done by medical personal. This paper develops a non-contact device to measure blood sugar level based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN in this device convert temperature difference between tragus and antihelix to an index of blood glucose. Tragus and antihelix are the name of two sections of human ear. Using infra red sensor that called thermopile, temperature of these section is measure. So there is no contact between human body and the device. Weight and bias of ANN determine by Back Propagation trained using data from conventional measurement. Experiment result using Matlab Simulink and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) interfacing showed that the device can measured blood glucose and can be used for measurement easier, faster and less intimidating as occurs in conventional measurements.


After intravenous injection of heparin (in aniounts related to the body-weight) thc blood plasma diamine oxidase(DAO-) activity increased transiently in all vertebrates studied (cod, frog, fowl, mouse, white rat, golden hamster, guinea-pig, rabbit, cat, dog, goat, sheep and cow). The DAO-response to heparin varied strongly between the species. Often with a bi-phasic ascent, it showed a maximum (within a few minutes to about one hour) and then decreased, often in a "monoexponential" fashion, in the course of the next few hours. In anodons no significant DAO-activity was found.—The biological significance of the heparin effect upon DAO is discussed with special reference to the coexistence of heparin and histamine in the mast cells.


Customer retention is more important than customer acquisition. Customer retention is one of the vital activities for any firm at this juncture. Many firms strive to attain it but are more or less confused to adopt the right kind of practices to retain customers. Gartner studies have identified CRM practices that manage customer relationships throughout the customer life cycle i.e. customer acquisition, retention and development. This paper tries to understand the influence of Gartner's CRM practices on customer retention in the selected retail store. It finds that among the different practices like CRM vision, CRM strategy, customer experience and organizational collaboration suggested by Gartner, only CRM strategy has the significant influence on retaining customers.


The structure and texture formation are investigated in Cu–1 wt. % Y binary alloy tapes subjected to 99 % cold rolling followed by recrystallization annealing. The possibility of obtaining a perfect cubic texture in a thin tape made of a binary copper-based alloy with yttrium is shown, which opens up an opportunity for it to be used as a substrate in the production of second-generation hightemperature superconducting tapes. Optimum annealing conditions are determined to form a perfect biaxial texture with more than 95 % cubic grains {001} ±10° on the surface of the textured tape in the Cu–1 wt % Y alloy.


A summary of detailed measurements of the longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistance, and of the anisotropy in the magnetoresistance of ternary (Pd1−xFex)95Mn5 samples, is presented. While neither the longitudinal nor the transverse magnetoresistance saturate, these data suggest that the anisotropy (i.e., the difference) might become field independent in quite moderate fields. This feature enables a comparison to be made between this ternary system and binary PdFe, as a function of composition and temperature


Our investigation on the linguistic behaviors of"nose"as a basic category word in Chinese,English,French,German, and Japanese reveals the various cultural frameworks with their respective value assignments to cognitively equivalent words.These culturally assigned values base themselves on cognitive elements and develop a strong cultural twang apart from them.


This paper poses a number of related questions and suggests some answers.Why were there no resident tree-hole-nesting ducks in Britain until recently? Why is the Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius not found in Britain? Could the supply of invertebrate food items, especially in winter, be responsible for the distribution of woodpeckers in western Europe? It is concluded that, in Europe, only the Black Woodpecker can construct holes large enough for ducks to nest in, and that this woodpecker does not occur in Britain & Ireland because of the absence of carpenter ants Campanotus. A plea is made for the global conservation of dead and dying timber, since it is vital for the biodiversity of plants, insects, woodpeckers and ducks.


This paper examines the level of interdependence and volatility transmission in global agricultural futures markets. We follow a multivariate GARCH approach to explore the dynamics and cross-dynamics of volatility across major exchanges of corn, wheat, and soybeans between the United States, Europe, and Asia. We account for the potential bias that may arise when considering exchanges with different closing times. The results indicate that agricultural markets are highly interrelated and there are both own- and cross- volatility spillovers and dependence among most of the exchanges. The results also show the major role Chicago plays in terms of spillover effects over the other markets, particularly for corn and wheat. Additionally, the level of interdependence between exchanges has only increased in recent years for some of the commodities.


In systems where the ability to actuate is a scarce resource, e.g., spacecrafts, it is desirable to only apply a given controller in an intermittent manner—with periods where the controller is on and periods where it is off. Motivated by the event-triggered control paradigm, where state-dependent triggers are utilized in a sample-and-hold context, we generalize this concept to include state triggers where the controller is off thereby creating a framework for intermittent control. Our approach utilizes certificates—either Lyapunov or barrier functions—to design intermittent trigger laws that guarantee stability or safety; the controller is turned on for the period for which is beneficial with regard to the certificate, and turned off until a performance threshold is reached. The main result of this paper is that the intermittent controller scheme guarantees (set) stability when Lyapunov functions are utilized, and safety (forward set invariance) in the setting of barrier functions. As a result, our trigger designs can leverage the intermittent nature of the actuator, and at the same time, achieve the task of stabilization or safety. We further demonstrate the application and benefits of intermittent control in the context of the spacecraft orbit stabilization problem.


Mycorrhizal infested roots of Acacia does not adversely affect the growth of seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus , but it is stimulatory. The two plants can be grown together during afforestation programme.


The phenomenon under study is the behaviour of a solid body placed in some fluid adjacent to an opaque horizontal plane and oscillating perpendicular to the plane. In this condition a resultant force directed from that plane and normal to it was observed to arise. This force acts like a lifting force and tends to rapidly increase when approaching the plane. Expressions for the suspension force magnitude in relation to the plane have been derived for rotary bodies of arbitrary shape, in particular, flat, concave and convex ones. This provided possibility of assessing the height of suspension and suspending behaviour of oscillating bodies that are denser than the liquid. The inferences obtained were compared with the interaction order of two pulsing or vibrating bodies studied first by C. Bjerknes and later by other researchers, including those of the Perm Scientific School of Hydrodynamics. As shown by experiments and routine observations the effect of suspension is likely to arise in a vibrating body placed in a dry loose medium, the effect causing upward motion of the body in spite of its being denser than the medium. The physical mechanism of such a phenomenon has been put under scrutiny. This mechanism, which is believed to be a peculiar form of the segregation effect, is different from that observed in fluid suspension. The cause inducing a solid body to rise to the surface is supposed to be in that the resistance force impeding displacement of the solid body into the medium insides is greater than the force directed upwards toward the free surface. A case study is described of the similar effect produced by a medium volume oscillating about the solid body. In conclusion a general principle has been formulated on the behaviour of vibrating solid and strained bodies in the vicinity of their interfaces. The research results may be used in the theoretical calculation of turbulent suspended flows, in the theory of vibrating pumps, in explanation and assessment of pipes span bulging, especially those laid on the see bottom, – they can explain also the paradoxical unsinkability of see concretions and mystical "push up" of heavy rock boulders to the ground surface.


Method of bonding the getter material is disclosed to the surface, the getter is used for the removal and control of pollutant gases in the ambient environment of the active layer in an electronic device. The getter material is a getter particle, and the inorganic binder, is applied from the getter composition comprising a liquid medium, whereby, the consistency becomes possible to deposit on the surface in any desired pattern and any thickness composition. The getter material is activated, in order to adhere the particles without the need for additional adhesive layers or other materials on the surface, the surface of the getter composition is deposited, be separately heated from the electronic device it can.


Peritoneal dialysis (PD) causes structural and functional changes in the peritoneal membrane, which are attributed to local inflammatory process. This study assessed the presence of galectin‐3 (Gal‐3), a known inflammatory modulator, in dialysate effluent and correlated its levels with markers of inflammatory process. Gal‐3 levels in serum and dialysate effluent were measured in prevalent PD patients on morning visits (n = 27) or during peritoneal equilibration tests (PET, n = 16), it association with clinical and laboratory parameters, including dialysate/plasma creatinine (D/P creatinine) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) levels was analysed. Gal‐3 levels in dialysate effluent correlated with D/P creatinine (0.663, p = 0.005) and dialysate effluent IL‐6 levels (0.674, p = 0.002), but not with serum Gal‐3 levels or dialysis vintage. Patients who were high transporters had higher Gal‐3 levels in dialysate effluent, as compared to lower transporters. In multivariate regression analysis, dialysate IL‐6 level was the strongest predictor of dialysate Gal‐3 levels. This study found Gal‐3 in dialysate effluent correlated with D/P creatinine and dialysate IL‐6 levels. These findings may imply that Gal‐3 has a role in the intraperitoneal inflammatory process. However, this needs to be investigated further.


Traditional network control planes can be slow and require manual tinkering from operators to change their behavior. There is thus great interest in a faster, data-driven approach that uses signals from real-time traffic instead. However, the promise of fast and automatic reaction to data comes with new risks: malicious inputs designed towards negative outcomes for the network, service providers, users, and operators. Adversarial inputs are a well-recognized problem in other areas; we show that networking applications are susceptible to them too. We characterize the attack surface of data-driven networks and examine how attackers with different privileges---from infected hosts to operator-level access---may target network infrastructure, applications, and protocols. To illustrate the problem, we present case studies with concrete attacks on recently proposed data-driven systems. Our analysis urgently calls for a careful study of attacks and defenses in data-driven networking, with a view towards ensuring that their promise is not marred by oversights in robust design.


This work considers static analysis algorithms that are integrated with a development environment. In this context, IDE users can benefit from continuouslyupdated information about the run-time progress of the analysis algorithm (i.e., what portion of the analysis work is completed). IDEs can provide the means to convey this information back to the user - for example, the Java IDE in Eclipse achieves this by employing GUI elements such as progress bars. Precise tracking of the run-time progress of an analysis algorithm requires a priori knowledge of the total running time of the analysis. Such knowledge is typically not available, and analysis builders need to employ various heuristics to estimate run-time progress. In this paper we describe our initial work on defining and evaluating such heuristics for a whole-program analysis in Eclipse. The analysis, based on the wellknown Rapid Type Analysis (RTA) approach, builds a call graph for a Java program, for subsequent use in various software tools. We propose multiple heuristics to estimate run-time analysis progress; these heuristics have been implemented in a publicly available Eclipse plug-in. We report the results of evaluating each heuristic on an large set of Java programs.


Research on recidivism in criminal justice and desistance in criminology are not integrated. Yet, both fields are moving towards models that look at how positive elements in a person's environment can impact a person's behavior, conditional on different levels of risk. This study builds on this observation by applying interactional theory and the concept of Risk–Needs–Responsivity to theorize that both Needs and Responsivity will change over time in predictable ways. We then use a novel empirical approach with the Rochester Youth Development Study to show that even in late adolescence, individuals who are at risk for violence can be protected from future violence and risky behavior like gun carrying with positive events in their environment and personal life. In young adulthood, fewer people are still at risk for violence, and those who are at risk are harder to protect from future violence and gun carrying.


The honorable and good person neither fights with anyone himself, nor, as far as he can, does he let anyone else do so. Of this as of everything else the life of Socrates is available to us as a paradigm, who not only himself avoided fighting everywhere, but did not let others fight either. (1.5.1–2) Now that Socrates is dead, the memory of what he did or said when alive is no less beneficial to people, or rather is even more so. (4.1.169) The Stoic Discourses of Epictetus are conspicuously marked throughout by the figure of Socrates. No other philosopher, not even Zeno or Diogenes, is named nearly so frequently. Epictetus views Socrates as the single figure who best authorizes and exemplifies everything he is trying to give his students in terms of philosophical methodology, self-examination, and a life model for them to imitate. This strikingly explicit coincidence between Epictetus' objectives and Socrates makes the Stoicism of the Discourses particularly distinctive. In order to take the measure of this point, we need to start from the role of Socrates in the preceding Stoic tradition. The earliest Stoic philosophers had drawn so heavily on Plato's and, to a lesser extent, Xenophon's Socrates that members of the school were happy to be called Socratics. The details cover numerous Stoic doctrines in ethics, moral psychology, and theology, including the priority of the soul's good over everything else, the unity of the virtues, the identity of virtue with knowledge, and divine providence.


Reader's literacy is one of the basic components of functional literacy which is the basic presumption of every person for survival in the present-day world. This bachelor's work deals with reader's literacy and with the possibilities of its develop-ment by teenagers. It explains the basic notions associated with reader's literacy. Practical part researches an influence affecting present level of the reader's literacy of these children, for example the influence of the reading in the family or the influence of infor-mation technologies.


An automated yield-line analysis technique for reinforced concrete slab structures has been developed at the University of Cambridge and implemented in a computer program called COBRAS for use in a...


Microblog is one of the most popular online social networking service, which has tremendous growth all over the world in recent years. As the first microblogging site and most influential social media platform, Twitter has been well documented. Nowadays, the number of Internet user in China take the first place in the world, however the popular Chinese microblogging service Sina Weibo has not been studied. In this paper, we make a comprehensive comparison of Sina Weibo and Twitter in order to identify the similarities and differences between them. Sina Weibo is comparable with Twitter, both are worthy of further study.


In this paper, the effect of depth on turbulent open channel flow past a train of rib elements is examined. The two-dimensional square ribs spanning the width of the channel are located throughout the length of the flume. The experiments are conducted in the fully rough regime to document the turbulence characteristics of the flow at two different rib spacing (pitch-to-height ratios [ p/k ] of 9 and 18) conforming to the classical definition of k-type roughness. The streamwise mean velocity profiles demonstrate a shift from a smooth wall flow but varied marginally between the two cases of p/k and were also not affected by the change of flow depth. At shallow depths, roughness with p/k = 9 show a substantial increase of turbulence intensities and Reynolds shear stress in the outer layer compared to the reference flow case on a smooth bed. In the case of p/k = 18, the roughness effect is confined to the region less than 3 k from the wall and an outer layer similarity is confirmed with no effect of flow depth. Quadrant analysis shows an increase of ejection and sweep events in the outer layer at shallow depths for p/k = 9. Near the reattachment point, strong sweeps penetrate into the outer layer for both rough wall flows only at shallow depth. Strong ejections, on the other hand, seem to be more sensitive to the roughness and p/k ratio. The present results indicate that at shallow depths with p/k = 9, most of the flow in the outer layer is affected, while with a larger spacing (p/k = 18), the flow characteristics are less sensitive to the change of depth.


By using Tianjin University of Sports as an example,through the methods of literature review,interviews and induction,this paper analyzes current exam contents and methods of badminton special class.The results suggest that the current exam contents have certain limitations,the format lacks versatility,and the scoring method is not specific.Accordingly,this pape proposes new ideas of exam reform which are implementation of comprehensive exams combining process-based and result-based assessments,refinement of the scoring methodology so that the badminton exam format can be improved to meet the new requirements under the development of quality-oriented education.


Conceptual understanding is the ability to apply knowledge across a variety of instances or circumstances. Several strategies can be used to teach and assess concepts, e.g., inquiry, exposition, analogies, mnemonics, imagery, concept maps, and concept questions. This paper focuses on the last two -concept maps and concept questions. Concept maps are two-dimensional, hierarchical diagrams that show the structure of knowledge within a discipline. Concept questions are questions posed to students to encourage higher order thinking and help them understand the basic principles of a discipline. This paper describes current progress at MIT in the development and use of concept maps and concept questions in aerospace engineering.


Raman spectroscopy as chemical selective technique can be strongly enhanced by help of optical fibers and cavities. Enhanced Raman gas sensing is extremely versatile for fast quantification of gas compositions, even in complex mixtures. Article not available.


A hardware development platform for the system was built based on the DSP in this paper. CPLD is used to implement 4-axis servo coder signal processing circuit. It is characterized by the high integrity and robust stability,meets the requirements of the production process on high speed and high precision. The reconstructable design based on the CPLD was realized to enhance the flexibility of the system. For the control algorithm,which combines single neuron PID with CMAC to control system is used. Indication through the simulation shows that the control algorithm has better dynamic performance,control precision and strong capability of anti-jamming compared to the traditional PID.


In this paper, an active co-phasing and aligning synthesized aperture imaging system with three quasi-annulus-sectors segmented mirrors was analyzed. The influence of co-phasing error, especially piston error, on image quality of the synthesized aperture imaging system was studied. The relationship of the Point Spread Function (PSF) and piston errors between the adjacent segments was deduced theoretically within the coherence length of the source. According to this theoretical model, the influence of piston error on the image quality in the synthesized aperture imaging system was known that the PSF changes with the variation of piston error. And more importantly, the cycle of this change is λ/2 (λ is the wavelength of the source) when a certain piston error is introduced between two adjacent segment. Additionally, simulation model of the three segmented synthesized aperture imaging system was set up by ZEMAX and simulation experiments have been carried out to verify the conclusion derived from the theory model deduced above. The results show that the simulation experiments results consistent with the theoretical conclusion deduced above. The results provide theoretical foundation for further study and actual reference of tolerance for a synthesized aperture telescope design and manufacture.


In Chile, the significant increase of migratory flows from Latin America has drawn attention to the psychological and socio- cultural adjustment processes of new immigrants. This paper seeks to (I) establish relationships between acculturation orientations, acculturative stress and psychological well-being, (II) identify profiles according to acculturation preferences, and (III) determine the existence of significant differences in stress and well-being between these profiles. This correlational study was conducted with a sample of (N=194) Latin American immigrants with ages between 18 and 67 years (M=34.77; DE=10.181), where acculturation orientations, acculturation stress and psychological well-being were evaluated. Results indicate that the predominance of integration is more salutogenic than the tendency to cultural separation as a preeminent orientation, facilitating a better coping with the stressors of the migratory process. Three acculturative profiles were found: moderate individualist, integrationist and separatist. The comparison between profiles shows that when integration is predominant, well-being is greater than in the presence of individualism as the principal orientation. This study provides evidence regarding individualism as an acculturation orientation scarcely considered in the literature, whose possible negative influence can be related to group membership as a way to access resources that collaborate with adaptation to the new context.


An attempt was made for the separation of contact term contributions from the Pr(FOD)3- and Eu(FOD)3-induced 1H and 13C shifts in aniline and p-toluidine, by using the contact shift pattern estimated theoretically. This suggested the transfer of negative and positive spin from the Eu ion and the Pr ion, respectively.


Introduction Standard immunogenicity assays, such as ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining, fail to correlate HIV-1-specific CD8 + T-cells responses with HIV-1 replication in-vivo . Therefore, it is essential to develop assays that can determine antiviral potential of vaccine elicited CD8 + T-cells. The current ELISA-VIA measures HIV-1-p24 production overtime in autologous CD4 + T-cells. However, it is not designed to identify the class-I-HLA-allele involved in mediating the response. We developed a new FACS based VIA that can investigate CD8 + T-cells antiviral potential in the context of restricting class-I-HLA alleles. The assay measures the ability of CD8 + T-cells to kill HIV-1 infected GXR-cells over-expressing class-I-HLA allele of interest. The assay utilises a GXR-cell engineered to express GFP upon HIV-1 infection. Methods CD8 + T-cells were co-cultured with HIV-1 infected GXR-cells for 3 days. Reduction in the infected GXR-cells expressing GFP measured by FACS was used to evaluate the CD8 + T-cells killing activity. The assay was validated using a panel of 9 HIV-infected samples and were concurrently assayed with the ELISA-VIA. The tested results on each assay were categorised into four groups namely: true-inhibition (TI ≥50%), doubtful-inhibition (DI ≥20% to ≤49.99%), false-inhibition (FI ≥10% to ≤19.99%) and non-inhibition (NI≤ 9.99%). These results were used in a 2 by 2 table to compute sensitivity (TI/TI+DI) and specificity (FI/FI+NI). Results True inhibition was observed in 44% of samples analysed using GXR-VIA compared to 33% with ELISA-VIA. 11% with GXR-VIA had doubtful result compared to 33% with ELISA-VIA. 22% with GXR-VIA were categorised as false inhibition compared to 33% with ELISA-VIA. Interestingly, no sample showed non-inhibition with GXR-VIA whereas 22% showed no inhibition by ELISA-VIA. Collectively, GXR-VIA is very specific (100%) but less sensitive (57%) at detecting virus inhibition activity. Conclusion The specificity of GXR-VIA and its marginal sensitivity indicates that the assay is capable of identifying CD8 + T-cells-mediated inhibition of HIV-1 replication. Overall, the GXR-VIA provides a platform to assess the influence of different restricting class-I-HLA alleles on HIV-1-specific CD8 + T-cells antiviral function.


ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the Scale of Auditory Behaviors perception after an acoustically controlled auditory training program. Methods: 23 individuals of both genders, aged 6 to 15 years, participated in this study. Inclusion criteria: to present auditory thresholds lower than 20 dBHL between 250 and 8000Hz, type A tympanometry and diagnosis of central auditory processing disorder confirmed by behavioral tests with indication of acoustically controlled auditory training which was performed in ten one-hour sessions. Hearing tests in progressively adverse listening conditions were used. In the first and last session of the acoustically controlled auditory training program, the individuals were submitted to the Scale of Auditory Behaviors. The appropriate statistical tests were applied considering a p-value less than 0.05. Results: questions Q1, Q2, Q4, Q7, Q8 and Q11 showed statistically significant results and improvement in behaviors after the acoustically controlled auditory training. On the other hand, questions Q3 and Q10 showed a tendency towards significance and the total score in the post time period increased in relation to the pre-moment, pointing to a statistically significant difference that represents complaint reductions. Conclusion: the subjective perception of the individuals and their family members could be identified by the application of SAB in the pre and post auditory training, revealing an improvement in auditory and attention behaviors.


The thermoelectric figure of merit of a semiconductor, ZT, can be calculated from a small number of microscopic material parameters, the material composition, the doping level, and the temperature. The functional dependence of ZT on these parameters has been studied for a range of material parameters using a recently developed model which accurately and self-consistently describes the thermoelectric properties of n-type silicon-germanium alloys. ZT values several times larger than current state-of-the-art values of ZT of about 1 are shown to be entirely consistent with existing theory, even using material parameters already observed. A search for materials with much higher figure of merit values therefore remains of interest, in spite of several decades of relatively slow progress in this area.


In her masterpiece My Antonia,Willa Cather praises the creators of the American West with the well-known archetypal myth and indelible images.By employing the myth of wilderness and the Garden the author implicitly reveals the holy mission of the American pioneers,and how human should maintain the eternal and harmonious relation with nature.That is happiness to be dissolved into something complete and great.


Citation: Wong, Y. W. A., Pujazon Patron, E. C., Elias Arcelles, J. D. (2022). Comparative study of aerial photography / (UAV)-drone vs 16th century cityscape art. IDA: International Design and Art Journal, 4(1), 57-75. Abstract Technology has predisposed us to various opinions on the current state of affairs. This article aims to investigate the historical approach and the development of aerial photography, namely a comparative study using drone (UAV) as a device vs 16th-century city and landscape mapping. This article also intends to explore how aerial photography with a drone (UAV) technology may provide a better understanding of how to improve the development of the metropolitan landscape. This study indicates that one can use a drone device to instantly visualise and better understand the cityscape from different dimensions and perspectives. The drone potentially previews and captures the live visuals, offering another representation of scale and reality that is impossible in the traditional city and landscape painting (mono composition). This study would employ an empirical method of observation and measurement of phenomena using verifiable evidence that the researchers experienced before reaching concrete outcomes. At the same time, this paper reviews the usage of the drone as a visualisation and representation tool to better construct an alternative reality (possibilities of different views). As a result, the most appealing aspect of utilising a drone (UAV) device for photography is the ability to shoot from a higher viewpoint. Most drones, particularly those meant for more advanced users, include built-in cameras that can spin and swivel to allow the operator to take photographs and videos from various angles. As a result, drone usage improves visual and cultural background documentation to provide alternate answers that would otherwise be incomprehensible.


My perspective is different from that of Dr. Weksler. I see age-related loss of responsiveness as a cardinal feature of immunosenescence, one that puts elderly people at risk of infection and perhaps neoplasia. It is possible that age-associated increases in the activity of some kinds of immune cells, which Dr. Weksler has emphasized, contribute to this decline in protective immunity, although this hypothesis needs a good deal of further investigation. I do not see autoimmunity as a major threat to the elderly or an important component of immunosenescence, although the jury is still out on this, and clearly investigators of autoreactivity have the potential for teaching us a lot about how the aged immune system works. Thus in my view one of the most pressing challenges for immunogerontologists is to figure out why the immune system generates fewer antibodies to specific antigens, fewer cytotoxic T cell effectors, and less protection against potential infections and pathologic agents in elderly humans and old mice. I will call this deficiency of function, and I think that some of the cross-wiring that Dr. Weksler and others have pointed out may give us a way of exploring it anew. I am not convinced by arguments to date that have suggested an important pathological implication for autoimmunity. Some autoimmune phenomena are demonstrated in elderly mice and humans, but their pathological implications are still mysterious; more work needs to be done to understand the implications for health and disease. The cellular and molecular basis for the agerelated decline in immune responsiveness can be enumerated in several ways. First, there is an agerelated change in T cell subsets. Figure I shows that there is an age-associated accumulation of memory (Pgp-lhi) T'cells. There is a decrease with age in the number of virgin T lymphocytes resulting in a relatively greater proportion of memory as com-


The propulsion system on most naval combatants is inherently wasteful of fuel since the propellers, shafts, and engines are sized for dash speed, but operate most of the time at low speed cruiser power. Energy consumption is particularly high on twin shaft, gas turbine driven ships which use controllable reversible pitch (CRP) propellers for reversing.

On a typical destroyer such as DD 963, the drag of the propulsion appendages is very high, 10–15% of the total ship drag. This drag is present even when operating at low cruise speed where a system with much lower drag could provide the required thrust.

This study evaluates several alternate propulsion systems which could be used on a DD 963 type ship to reduce annual fuel consumption. An innovative system, which uses a single DD 963 type propeller system for cruise and two marine jet boosters for added thrust during high speed dash, shows promise of reducing annual fuel consumption by 23 percent. This fuel saving is due to reduced propulsion appendage drag and lower specific fuel consumption during cruise.

Annual fuel saving can be further increased to 45% by replacing the two LM-2500 turbines which drive the propeller with a single turbine equipped with Rankine Cycle Energy Recovery System (RACER) and changing the CRP propeller to a more efficient fixed pitch (FP) propeller with reverse gear for astern operation.

In addition to reduced energy consumption, the propulsion systems using marine jet boosters for dash speed show promise of significant benefits in other areas such as reduced weight and improved survivability and reliability. The marine jets, which use state-of-the-art technology and have demonstrated performance, provide the same top speed as the baseline propeller system. Improved low speed maneuvering and crash stop capability is provided by reversers on the marine jets. Improved propulsion system redundancy is provided by the three shaft system. A single marine jet will provide nineteen knots speed with a non-operating (trail shaft) cruise propeller.

While marine jet propulsors are inherently less efficient than propellers, the large drag reduction for eliminating one propeller system more than compensates for the additional fuel burned by the marine jet turbines during high speed operation. The single propeller, twin marine jet propulsion system is particularly attractive when combined with RACER since it permits elimination of one gas turbine without significant effect on top speed.


Resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) based on double-barrier structure have been proved to have negative differential resistance effect, and the current-voltage characteristics of RTDs are a function of stress. In order to study of the piezoresistive effect in RTDs for application in MEMS gyroscope, a novel structure with folding-type orthogonal beams is designed. This kind of gyroscope has been fabricated by GaAs surface micromachining processes and bulk micromachining technology. For testing the basic properties of gyroscope, the drive-feedback circuits and double-RTD Wheatstone bridge measurement system are established. The experimental results verify that the electromagnetism driven approach and the piezoresistive effect of RTD used in Coriolis effect detection are feasible.


The aim of this paper is to examine the concept of 'feeling rules' and to situate the autonomy on emotional labor. In the sociology of emotion, it is often said that 'feeling rules' determines one's emotional experience. People who do emotional labor suffered negative emotional experience determined by 'feeling rules'. However, is such a determinist perspective correct? In this paper, I try to re-examine the concept of 'feeling rules' by relativizing the traditional determinist perspective, and proposing a way for the autonomy of emotional labor.


The karyotype analysis of Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. was studied by using root-tip squashing method. The results showed that the number of chromosomes in somatic cells of Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. was 2n=2x=28, the relative length of chromosome was 2n=2x=28=2L+10M2+8M1+6S, and the karyotype asymmetry index was 0.5995. This species belongs to the 2B karyotypic symmetry class with a20m+8sm karyotype formula. This study will provide the basis and reference for future work on karyotype analysis in genus of Malvaviscus arboreus Cav..


A lean model has been proposed for the construction management of high-rise apartment buildings with customized apartment designs. It incorporates a number of changes to traditional management practice, including single-piece flow with pull scheduling, work restructuring, and multiskilling. A simulated construction process scenario was devised for experimental evaluation of the model. The simulation was first implemented as a live management game, in which participants played the roles of the clients, general contractor, and subcontractors. Eleven runs with different teams indicated that the lean model increased throughput, improved cash flow, and reduced apartment delivery cycle time. However, the limitations of the live simulation led the writers to implement a discrete event computer simulation of the same process. The computer simulation reinforced the findings of the live simulation and emphasized the specific beneficial effect of single-piece flow under pull scheduling. The lean model may be of immediate interest to construction planners and managers because it enables full customization with minimal waste and no additional resources. The demonstrative clarity of the lean model simulation, both live and computerized, makes it a powerful tool for education and research.


In the SPring-8 storage ring there are four magnet-free long straight sections of about 30m. In 2011, we locally modified one of these sections by installing two sets of quadrupole-triplet and divided it into three subsections. The vertical betatron function at the middle of each subsection was lowered to 2.5m so that small gap in-vacuum undulators with a short period can be installed. By this lattice modification the symmetry of the ring was lowered but we could keep sufficient dynamic aperture and momentum acceptance by combining the schemes of betatron-phase matching, local chromaticity correction and mutual cancellation of nonlinear kicks due to sextupoles. The beam commissioning of the new lattice has successfully been finished and it is used in user operation. SPring-8 蓄積リングの局所的な長直線部ラティス改造


's skill in performing physical examination. Methods. For this purpose , 114 students were evaluated by a checklist , while they were doing physical examinations on patients . Results and Conclusion. Results indicated that the clinical skills of students in physical examinations was directly related to their grades in the comprehensive basic and clinical sciences examinations and less attention is paid to parts such as extremities, vertebral column, skin, hair and neurological system .


Hilly areas of south part of Ningxia belong to semi-arid region, over 90% of arable land is dryland. accelerateing the development of dryland farming is strategically important for the improvement of regional economy. The paper discusses the importance and potentiality of the dryland agriculture development in south part of Ningxia, and puts forward corresponding technical demonds. According to the charecteristics of the regional resources, this paper proposes 3 strategic phrases, i.e., strengthening agriculture and improving animal husbandry, paying equal atention to agriculture and animal husbandry, and stablizing agriculture and strengthening animal husbandry.


For launching a project on a structural object, the calculation of building structures stands as one of the most important stages of project development. In order to correctly analyse structural behaviour, determine the stress-strain state and solve design or inspection problems, the designer is forced to adequately formalize the actual structure turning it into a faultless computational scheme. Virtual testing is one of the main features of the single graphical-information model. Interoperable systems for three-dimensional modelling and analysis, calculation and design ensure smooth data transfer between the physical and computational model. Modern object-modelling techniques and integrated analysis systems allow achieving the defined goal. The article deals with the forms of data exchange, the developmental features of the designed and computational (analysis) BIM model, the integrated design process of CAD/CAE as well as the conversion problems of the physical and computational model.


Although the practice of adopting official state symbols is widespread, little has been written on what legislators, when tasked with choosing a state symbol, should take into consideration. This article will contribute to an understanding of what official state symbols are, the purpose they serve, the qualities they should reflect, and how the value of symbols adopted may be improved through the application of recommended best practices.


In the 12th and 13th centuries, Onda became one of the most important interior towns in the current province of Castellon. The zone where Onda is situated, and the natural resources of the surroundings as well, had helped the town to be developed during the previous centuries. Therefore, Onda was able to trade both in a small scale —with the close villages— and in a large scale —using the peninsular trading route and its own seaport. Consequently, the existence of a good network of roads was a pressing matter. This network was required to link Onda to nearby villages as well as the rest of the Al-Andalus.


There is evidence for dual streams of visual processing that are thought to underlie conscious perception and visuomotor control respectively. These studies investigated control of hand movements and its relationship with volition and consciousness. In all the experiments, subjects reached to grasp a virtual object that was sometimes changed during movement. We found that subjects were able to make fast online adjustments to their grasp in response to changes in the shape of the target. These perturbation responses occurred automatically beyond the supervision of volition. Responses were observed even in conditions where subjects had no conscious awareness of the perturbations. These findings demonstrate online visual processing for control of grasping that does not require volition or even conscious awareness, generally consistent with the Perception vs Action model by Goodale and Milner (1992). The University of Hong Kong Department of Psychology


Cyclical advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are usually accompanied by theories advocating the granting of legal personhood to sophisticated, autonomous computers. This chapter criticizes such theories as incorrect—a possible result of legal scholars being seduced by incomprehensible technical terminology, sensationalistic stories in the popular press, and 'creative' photo filters that transform our faces into animals. Discussions as to when computers should be recognized as persons are, logically, outside of the scope of intellectual property law. The granting of legal personhood is not premised on the existence of consciousness, intelligence, or creativity. Recognizing an entity as a legal person is a normative choice dictated by commercial expediency, not the result of fulfilling any technical criteria. While it is necessary to acknowledge the blurring of borders between art and (computer) science, as well as the increase in the technological sophistication of the tools used by authors and inventors, it is also necessary to state that even an exponential increase in 'computer creativity' will not sever the link between the computer and its user. Before discarding the idea of legal personhood for 'creative algorithms' once and for all, the chapter explores the relationships between autonomy and creativity. In particular, it places technical terms such as 'AI' and 'autonomy' in their original context and criticizes uninformed attempts to imbue them with normative connotations.


Cloud streets were successfully simulated by numerical model (RAMS) including an Isolated mountain near the coast, large sensible heat flux from the sea surface, uniform stratification and wind velocity with low Froude number (0.25) in the inflow boundary The well developed cloud streets between a pair of convective rolls are simulated at a level of 1 km over the sea. The following five results were obtained: 1) port the formation of the pair of convective rolls, both strong static instability and a topographically induced mechanical disturbance are strongly required at the same time. 2) Strong sensible heat flux from the sea surface is the main energy source of the pair of convective rolls, and the buoyancy caused by condensation in the cloud is negligibly small. 3) The pair o( convective rolls is a complex of two sub-rolls. One is the outer roll, which has a large radius, but weak circulation, and the other is the inner roll, which has a small radius, but strong circulation. The outer roll gathers a large amount of moisture by convergence in the lower marine boundary, and the inner roll transfers the convergent moisture to the upper boundary layer by strong upward motion between them. 4) The pair of inner rolls form the line-shaped cloud streets, and keep them narrow along the center-line of the domain. 5) Both by non-hydrostatic and by hydrostatic assumptions, cloud streets can be simulated. In our case, non-hydrostatic processes enhanced somewhat the formation of cloud streets. The horizontal size of the topography does not seem to be restricted to within the small scale where non-hydrostatic effects are important.


As technology advances in computer graphics, artists are pushing the boundaries visually in video games and animation. A good way to understand what actually goes into creating even a single character for either a video game or a computer-generated movie is to experiment with higher-level tools while exploring the mathematical foundations of computer graphics. This paper will focus on an active learning approach to studying computer graphics. This paper will describe how 3D Studio Max (3DSM) is a useful tool for extending the typical study of computer graphics. Although 3DSM is a useful and fun tool for developing complex three-dimensional objects, the goal of this work is teach students the mathematical foundations of computer graphics while creating realistic 3D objects in 3DSM.


BACKGROUND
Modern transportation plays a key role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and new variants. However, little is known about the exact transmission risk of the virus on airplanes.

METHODS
Using the itinerary and epidemiological data of COVID-19 cases and close contacts on domestic airplanes departing from Wuhan city in China before the lockdown on January 23, 2020, we estimated the upper and lower bounds of overall transmission risk of COVID-19 among travellers.

RESULTS
175 index cases were identified among 5797 passengers on 177 airplanes. The upper and lower attack rates (ARs) of a seat were 0.60% (34/5622, 95%CI 0.43%-0.84%) and 0.33% (18/5400, 95%CI 0.21%-0.53%), respectively. In the upper- and lower-bound risk estimates, each index case infected 0.19 (SD 0.45) and 0.10 (SD 0.32) cases respectively. The seats immediately adjacent to the index cases had an AR of 9.2% (95%CI 5.7%-14.4%), with a relative risk 27.8 (95%CI 14.4-53.7) compared to other seats in the upper limit estimation. The middle seat had the highest AR (0.7%, 95%CI 0.4%-1.2%). The upper-bound AR increased from 0.7% (95%CI 0.5%-1.0%) to 1.2% (95%CI 0.4%-3.3%) when the co-travel time increased from 2.0 hours to 3.3 hours.

CONCLUSIONS
The ARs among travellers varied by seat distance from the index case and joint travel time, but the variation was not significant between the types of aircraft. The overall risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during domestic travel on planes was relatively low. These findings can improve our understanding of COVID-19 spread during travel and inform response efforts in the pandemic.


The emergence of the Moche Civilization into an expansionist state is still a matter of debate. Burial data and stratigraphic and radiometric data are used to shed light on the Moche III phase at the Huacas of Moche site. The implications of this new set of data will enhance our understanding of the early history of the site.


The invention relates to the technology for setting TV set network configuration information, and discloses a method for setting the TV set network configuration information intelligently. The method resolves the problems that as a controller is used for setting the TV set network configuration information in the prior art, the setting efficiency is low, and the error rate is high. The method comprises the following steps of introducing a picture containing the network configuration information, adopting a graph analysis comparator to carry out character analysis, extracting the network configuration information from the picture and inputting the network configuration information into a corresponding register. According to the method for setting the TV set network configuration information intelligently, a TV set system automatically sets the network information, the operation of a user is simplified, the setting efficiency of the network configuration information is improved, the nondeterminacy of network setting caused by artificial factors is reduced as mush as possible, the error rate is reduced, and the method is suitable for setting the related network account number, the network password, a mac address and related letter number information when video display equipment is used.


Abstract : A radar performance monitor developed by Westinghouse to operate with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Airport Surveillance Radar Systems was tested at the National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center (NAFEC). Tests were made to determine compliance with design specifications and to evaluate its capabilities and limitations. The equipment as originally designed and configured did not function satisfactorily when operated with the NAFEC Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR-5) due to instabilities inherent in the ASR-5 model. Subsequent tests conducted in the NAFEC ASR-7 testbed demonstrated a capability to satisfactorily monitor normal video figure-of-merit following some reconfiguration, but indicated incompatibilities with regard to radar moving target indicator (MTI) performance. It is recommended that future monitor development consider design changes discussed in this report. (Author)


Hemorrhage disease is a common and multiple diseases in gynecology.The basic methods and rules to treat gynecological hemorrhage disease should from blood characteristics and pathology,and combined with clinical experiences and treat with syndrome differentiation.Tutor Jinyu'clinical experience can be summarized as"using blood to supplyment"principle,applying the methods of activating blood and resolving stasis,removing blood stasis and dissolving masses,nourishing and activating blood,nourishing Yin and removing dryness,removing pathogenic heat from blood,warming channels to dispel coldness,replenishing Qi and blood,nourishing b1ood and Yin and so on.


The paper focuses on the constraints encountered in developing and introducing a geography discipline programme, with a distinctive regional focus, within a university of technology. Through a case study approach, the analysis relates the development of geography at Queensland University of Technology (QUT) to changes in geographical education in Australia. Major obstacles to the evolution of geography within QUT are outlined: practical aspects of working in a multi-campus setting; limited staffing resources; policy obstacles to discipline identification and the downgrading of discipline-based approaches in favour of 'trans-disciplinary' majors. Strategies used to overcome these constraints have included: cross-faculty linkages; establishing co-majors in several degree programmes; team-teaching; flexible delivery and the use of online resources. While the establishment and development of the current QUT Geography programme has been difficult at times, the institutional context has provided opportunities to create a distinctive and innovative geography programme.


An Electron cyclotron resonance plasma is used to etch organic resist with oxygen and Si with SF6. Etch performance was studied as a function of operating conditions, resonance chamber geometry and composition of the microwave window results in the redeposition of a thin SiO2 layer on the Si substrate surface. This significantly impacts etch perfomance.
Etch Rate studies performed on Si with a SF6 plasma revealed an unexpected saturation with atomic fluorine concentration. A model based on the Cabrera-Mott mechanis is developed to explain the saturation. The rate limiting step for conditions with both high free bombardment is due to electron tunnelling from the Si bulk, through the fluorosilyl layer, to the adsorbed fluorine.


Water quality index (WQI) is one of the reliable tools to examine overall water quality status. It also helps Diversity and abundance of phytoplankton were estimated in the Ashtamudi Lake situated in the Kollam district of Kerala state. 52 species of phytoplankton were recorded from six sampling stations of the lake. The species with highest number of population was Blue green algae. Oscillatoria and Chatoceros were the most common species. Phytoplankton are influenced by physico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, turbidity, DO, BOD, nitrate, sulphate and phosphate. The minimum phytoplankton abundance was observed at station S 3 (Kandachira Kayal) having maximum BOD whereas their abundance maximum was at S 1 (Near Ashramam) because of higher concentrations of nutrients such as nitrate and phosphate. Phytoplankton species diversity reaches its maximum at station S 6 (Palliyamthuruttu-Vellimon side), where turbidity was minimum.


DMX512 protocol is a typical protocol which controls LED lighting system. It has a strong feature and can be used to a lot of lighting system. But LED control system with cable has a few problem because they have a lot of control cables. It is very difficult to set up the complex lighting. Furthermore if it is set up it is not easy to keep and recover the system from the out of order. So it is required Wireless Lighting Control System. This paper describes the proposal, design, and implementation of a novel method which can provide versatile light effects with the increased capability of the mobility and the number of universes for Wireless Lighting system. And then we implement experiment environment to control indoor lighting system controled by ZigBee and WLAN converter not having complicating control line. Data frames are transferred to DMX512 device by encapsulation and decapsulation to control color LED. In the same time give the method to solve the data bottleneck problem which can be comes out because of speed difference between Heterogeneous network and measure performance of control system.


A comparative analysis of the anthropometric body dimensions of the male and female agricultural workers was conducted in South-Eastern Nigeria to ascertain the variations that exist among the body characteristics/dimensions of the male and female agricultural workers in the area. Thirty (30) anthropometric dimensions considered useful in the design of the agricultural equipment alongside with the heart rate of the workers were studied. Male and female agricultural workers within the age limit of 20-60 years were used for the study. Results obtained revealed that male agricultural workers had greater body dimensions than the females except in the waist circumferences and hip breadths in which the male measured average of 81.1cm and 34.4cm respectively and the female recorded 88.7cm and 42.1cm at waist and hip regions respectively. The comparison further showed that male agricultural workers had average stature and body weight of 168.3cm and 65.9kg respectively with the 5 th and 95 th percentiles of 162.75cm and 175.77cm respectively in stature; and 60.15kg and 71.73kg in body weight respectively. While the female recorded mean stature and body weight of 163.2cm and 64.8kg respectively with the corresponding 5 th and 95 th percentiles of 153.96cm and 172.17cm respectively in stature and 60.04kg and 69.35kg respectively in body weight. The males had average heart (pulse) rate of 73.8 beats/min while the females had 70.5 beats/min. The comparison generally did not show much variations, which implies that implements/machine designed for the male workers could suit the female workers or might be adjusted to suit the female workers. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.31


Solid-state NMR combined with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP NMR) is used to study hydration processes in tricalcium silicate (Ca3SiO5, abbreviated as C3S) samples. The studied C3S samples have ...


• Addresses membrane and osmotic distillation, two closely related and novel processes that offer several advantages over conventional concentration processes • Has a widespread impact and application of the technology in industries such as food, environment, and nuclear clean-up / containment • Covers theoretical aspects of both processes, the properties of hydrophobic membranes, process economics, integrated processes and future prospects. • Caters the presentation caters for the diversity of readership with respect to links with membrane technologies.


A new approach to improve image quality in partially parallel 3D MRI is presented. Aliasing artifacts are manipulated by modifications of the gradient tables in the 3D phase encoding direction in order to achieve improved conditions for the final image reconstruction procedure. In contrast to conventional 3D parallel imaging methods, like 2D SENSE [1], superimposed partitions with essentially identical coil sensitivities can be separated by using reordered coil sensitivity information, according to the modification of the gradient tables.


A description is given of the preliminary data model design of a database system for CAD applications named Pegasus. The model is based on previously published work on extensible and object-oriented database systems. Novel ideas of the model that are presented include the use of relationship objects as a modeling construct to represent relationships of any degree, and replication and the reconciliation of two subtyping mechanisms. The first, called refinement, is based on the usual semantics of schema copying; the second, called extension, is based on the inheritance semantics between prototypes and their extensions. These modeling elements are used to show how parts and assemblies (with their versions, components, etc.) can be modeled in the world of mechanical assembly design.<<ETX>>


This editorial refers to 'Increased late sodium current contributes to long QT-related arrhythmia susceptibility in female mice' by J.S. Lowe et al ., doi:10.1093/cvr/cvs160.

Congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic cardiac channelopathy in which patients exhibit delayed ventricular repolarization that appears as a prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval on the electrocardiogram.1 More than 200 mutations have been found in 13 different genes encoding ion channels, accessory beta subunits, and regulatory proteins.2 Most cases of congenital LQTS are the consequence of the dominant inheritance of a given mutation.2 Kv11.1 mutations are the most frequent ones (45%), followed by those found in Kv7.1 (42%), Nav1.5 (8%), KCNE1 (3%), and KCNE2 (2%).3 In addition, another type of LQTS, the 'acquired' LQTS, has been described, mostly as the consequence of drugs able to prolong the cardiac action potential duration.4,5 This lengthening of the cardiac action potential can produce the development of early afterdepolarizations (EADs) and the genesis of a ventricular polymorphic arrhythmia called torsades de pointes …


There is no exaggeration to assert that vaccination is one of the greatest scientific discoveries ever made. Generally, mothers" misconception of vaccination was considered as one of the major barriers for better immunization coverage. Previous studies showed misconceptions on mothers" knowledge towards childhood immunization. So, there is a necessity for the mothers to create unequivocal knowledge in order to develop positive attitude towards vaccination and thus improve their contribution to it for reducing the burden of dreadful infectious diseases. Objective: To develop and validate an educational booklet for treating mothers' misconceptions on vaccination. Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted in this study for building and validating an educational booklet entitling "Treating mothers' misconceptions on vaccination." The construction of the booklet took place between June to December 2017 at Tanta district health offices through two stages: bibliographic survey; and manufacture of educational materials. Total sample size of 400 mothers of children under five years selected by using convenience sampling technique. Twostructured questionnaires were developed based on relevant literature and adopted throughout the study phases. The first one contained the following data: A) the first part included socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers as age, educational level, occupation, family size and residence. B) The second part included mothers' knowledge towards obligatory vaccination importance, contraindications, and side effects, in addition to all vaccines' mode, time and age of administration. C) The third part included mother"s practical knowledge she followed before, during and after vaccinating her child. Moreover, the second questionnaire was used for exploring the mothers and professional experts' opinions in relation to formulation of an educational booklet. Results: The study results indicated that, Out of 400 mothers included in the study, the mean age of the mother whose child undergoing vaccination is (22.00 ± 10.68) years. The predominant mothers have completed higher education, and occupational status showed that more than two-third (68.3%) were house wives. Regarding mothers' knowledge level, The proportion of mothers who lack the knowledge were as follows; vaccination contraindication (86.3%),Side effects (60.8%), BCG (51.5%), Hepatitis B (87%), MMR (92.5%), OPV (54.8%) and PENTA (94.5%). Conclusion: It was crucial to construct this booklet to ensure children' mothers' better understanding of the issues surrounding vaccination, treating their misconceptions and for improving their potentials of management of their children' vaccination care.


The degradation mechanism of an inland wetland,Anguli-lake was studied in means of grey system theory.The result indicated that water area and dried-up time of Anguli-lake were mainly driven by annual rainfall,air temperature,evaporation,population,livestock and the using way of farm land collected from 26 natural and social factors.Reducing population,recovering ecological environment of grssland and cutting down vegetables growing area were suggested to restore and protect Anguli-lake wetland in this paper.


Female circumcision/female genital mutilation (FC/FGM) is the collective name given to several different traditional practices that involve the cutting of female genitals. The WHO has grouped them in four categories: type 1: Clitoridectomy; type 2: Excision; type 3: Infibulation; and type 4: Unclassified. Reports indicate that an estimated 130 million girls and women have undergone FC/FGM and that it is practiced in 28 countries in the sub-Saharan and northeastern regions of Africa. As part of the growing movement to stop this human rights violation, numerous UN bodies and nongovernmental organizations such as the Center for Reproductive Law and Policy (CRLP) and RAINBO work together to monitor government responses. Presented in a questionnaire form, two authors Anika Rahman, CRLP's International Program Director, and Nahid Toubia, Director of RAINBO, discuss their recent book collaboration, "Female Genital Mutilation: A Guide to Laws and Policies Worldwide". The issues covered in the interview include the purpose of the book, reasons why FC/FGM is considered a human rights violation rather than a threat to women's health, role of international agencies in the eradication of the practice, and the effects of formal laws and policies in eliminating FC/FGM.


Since the contact resistance characterized by a specific contact resistivity (ρc) in the source/drain (S/D) regions is becoming a bottleneck for further improving device performance, the criteria for selecting S/D contact materials, e.g. silicides, is therefore more concerned with the ρc in state-of-the-art fin channel field-effect-transistors rather than the sheet resistance (Rsh) of silicides in conventional planar devices. In these circumstances, Ti-based ohmic contacts prevail over Ni(Pt)Si-based ones, and they serve as the standard S/D contacts in advanced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. In this article, an overview of recent innovations in Ti-based ohmic contacts, including (1) extraction of ultra-low ρc in the sub-10−8 Ω cm2 regime, (2) fundamental aspects of the Ti/Si solid-state reaction, (3) the impact of Ge pre-amorphization implantation (Ge PAI) on both the formation of TiSix/TiSixGey  and ρc in the low temperature regime (⩽600 °C), (4) dopant boosting to reduce ρc, (5) conformal Ti deposition for surrounding contacts and (6) dual silicides and metal-insulator-semiconductor contacts, are presented.


The present study was carried out to determine the trophic status of the freshwater resources of the Bhandara District of the central India. The Bhandara District is renowned for its lakes and is one of the Districts in India with highest number of lakes. For the purpose this study, total eleven different lakes were selected, and care was taken that the entire District is represented. Water samples were collected and processes by following standard methods and the generated data was statistically analysed using PASW 18.0 software. The results showed that the total phosphorous and total nitrogen were fairly. Also, the transparency was relatively less and overall most of the lakes were found to be of mesotrophic nature. Thus, it is concluded from the study results that majority of lakes in the Bhandara District face severe nutrient pollution and are at risk of becoming Eutrophic in near future.


Body condition of suckler cows at the time of calving has an important effect on calving ease and mortality of calves. In the last eight weeks before calving the body condition should be reduced or at least not increased. Rations with a higher amount of crude fibre can be used (rations with straw or late mowed grass silage (GS)) to control the body condition score. Eight suckler cows (Charolais) were feeding a total mixed ration (TMR) in the last eight weeks before calving and GS after calving. By the addition of straw (30% in TMR1 vs 60% in TMR2 of dry matter) was varied the amount of crude fibre in the TMR (GS, straw, mineral) before calving. In the period after calving were GS feeding. Last measurement took place on the pasture (PS). Rumen fluid, plasma, body weight and back fat thickness were collected. Rumen fluid pH was assessed immediately after collection using an electronic pH meter. Volatile fatty acids (VFA), sedimentation, methylene-blue and amount of infusorians were measured. From four key figures an "index of rumen fermentation" (IRF) in the rumen was formed. Statistical analysis took place with analysis of variance (ANOVA) with fixed effects of treatment (TMR1, TMR2, GS and PS) and number of lactations (3-7 lactations) using SPSS Version 25.0 for Windows. Rumen fluid pH had significant differences between variants (TMR1 by 6.6, TMR2 by 6.9, GS by 6.6 and PS by 6.9), but was not affected by other effects. The IRF showed a disturbed fermentation in the rumen by feeding the TMR 1 + 2 with high amount of crude fibre (score: > 10.0 points) and a very good situation for fermentation during grazing the PS (score: 6.9 points). The long-term use of crude fibre-rich rations in the period before calving may cause deviations from undisturbed fermentation in the rumen and adversely affect the utilization of the feed in the rumen.


About 1,400 km of the grasslands in Gujarat are administered by the State Forest Department and are known as vidis. Of the total vidis in the state, a large proportion (92%) is distributed in the semi-arid and arid regions of Saurashtra and Kachchh. About 44 percent of these are in the Kachchh district. Other than these vidis, there are also large grassland tracts that are open for freegrazing. A significantly large population of pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in these arid/semiarid regions sustain their livelihoods based on freegrazing livestock. Most of the grasslands of Kachchh are in the Banni and the Naliya regions (Fig. 1). The grasslands are severely degraded through a combination of intensive grazing, km, of which 80percent is at present invaded by the mesquite, leaving only about 350 km with grass cover. Naliya represents a contiguous grassland tract of nearly 160 km.


SUMMARY This article focuses on the study of the changes in consumers' recycling beliefs, attitudes, and behavior due to the application of one promotion technique: a commitment by block leader technique characterized by the agreeing participant signing a request or statement in which s/he makes a commitment to recycle as a result of the encouragement of a person who belongs to the same social circle. We therefore carried out a quasi-experimental work whose results enable us to explain the response to this recycling promotion technique. It makes a contribution to existing environmental literature by (1) systemizing the set of existing doctrines in order to explain the response to this recycling promotion technique, and (2) revealing the effects of this technique on people's beliefs and attitudes. The practical implications that may stem from these contributions are of an educational nature and should be of use to the public management of promotion campaigns.


An investigation on the raw water quality in 12 typical cities in south China, such as Wuhan, Changsha, and Chengdu etc. , was conducted to assess the impact of raw water quality on drinking water supply in cites. It showed that most water sources in south China have the features of low turbidity and high alga concentration, which 78. 6% of water sources have turbidity of below 50 NTU, and 63. 6% of water sources have high alga concentration, and 57. 1% of water sources will face micro-pollution in near future.


The technical specifications of in-situ microscope mounted on biochemical reactor were proposed based on the application requirement of biochemical reactor. A novel in-situ microscope was designed and manufactured in dark field principle after all principles of in-situ microscopes used currently had been compared in detail, the designing principle and structure of the in-situ microscope was then described. In addition, it was applied to monitor growth of baker yeast and mammalian cell HEK293, respectively. It indecated the cell amount obtained by in-situ microscope was in a good agreement with dry cell weight and that determined using haemocytometer,suggesting that the new in-situ microscope could satisfy the requirements of high performance used in bioreactor .


The general practitioner (GP) is of great importance in Germany: about 90% of the population has their own GP and approximately 70% of the population attend their general practice at least once per year; indeed, nearly a quarter of the population has continuous care from their GP. As the disease burden shifts further towards chronic disease, mainly as a result of demographic ageing, the demand for GP care will continue to increase in the coming years. The aim of this article is to summarise how general practice has developed in Germany and to illustrate that there is still a long way to go, both in terms of progress that should be made and the gap between Germany and other countries. It is hoped this will be a spur to further improvements as well as a resource for health sectors in countries other than Germany. The sources of information are the German Society for General Practice (Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Allgemein Medizin - DEGAM), a general review of the literature, the experiences and perspectives of a GP in England, and the experience of another of the authors, who has both contributed to and witnessed the changes of the last three decades in German General Practice. There are many terms used in the literature for GPs, including GP specialists, family doctors and primary care physicians, each of which is in vogue in different countries. This article uses the term GP to cover all of these.


An existing geometry model,which treated the airbag as a horizontal cylinder,was used to explain the static loading property of the airbag.An improved model was proposed.The quasi-static compression was employed,through which the comparison was made between the models' and experimental values of the contacting areas and static compressing curves.It was found that the horizontal cylinder model is more suitable for small size airbag;the improved model is more suitable for large size airbag.


The Article describes the status quo on construction of indemnificatory housing,summarizes the existing problems including lagging legislation,policy fragmentation,structural unbalance,performance evaluation lacking and so on although it has made the great achievements,and tries to put forward the relative advices and solutions further,so as to promote and improve the heath development of indemnificatory housing.


Objective To systematically review the risk of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms by microsurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling.  Methods A comprehensive literature search from January 1990 to September 2015 was conducted in electronic databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE/SCOPUS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang data, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational studies. Key words were defined as hydrocephalus, shunt, clipping, coiling, surgical, endovascular, embolization, treatment, intracranial aneurysm, cerebral aneurysm, subarachnoid hemorrhage both in Chinese and English. Manual search was also conducted on several relevant journals, such as Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery, Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases, and so on. Data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently. Jadad Scale was used to assess the quality of RCTs. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of nonrandomized controlled trials. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 13.1 were used for Meta-analysis.  Results Eighteen observational studies were finally included, involving 15 920 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms, among whom 10 038 patients underwent clipping and 5882 underwent coiling. The result of Meta-analysis indicated that there was no statistical significance on the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus between clipping and coiling ( OR = 0.860, 95%CI: 0.720-1.030; P = 0.110). However, the findings showed low stability as the results of fixed effects model and random effects model were different. The result of Egger's test indicated no publication bias ( P = 0.795).  Conclusions The frequency of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus was not significantly different between clipping and coiling. However, the conclusion still needs to be further verified by high-quality studies. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.02.003


Introducing the postmodern philosophy factor is accelerated the excess of contemporary philosophy is the spiritual production quality and the philosophy of alternative form,make its interpretation transformation ability and efficiency are facing the challenge and questioning and brought the significance of their scientific crisis,facing the downturn and this embarrassing: one is to explore the innovation and development of marxist philosophy theory basis and path selection,In the basic position is right in principle,basic marxist philosophy and disposal of the postmodern philosophy was compatible relationship.Marxist philosophy is "three" rather than "marxist philosophy of" or "after his philosophy of marxism",to defend the contemporary Chinese were positive in the spiritual homeland and the masses of the people's cultural identity marked established.


The value of monitoring respiratory rate as a key vital sign to detect early changes in the health status of critically ill patients has been well documented. However, although pulse oximetry has been a major advance in bedside monitoring, it has not been demonstrated to be an indicator of serious illness. Arterial blood oxygen saturation appears to be poorly understood by hospital staff and lacks specificity as a monitoring tool. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to demonstrate an equivalence between the respiR8™ respiratory rate monitor and manual counting methods, defined as a difference within ±2 breaths per minute. Secondary objectives of this study were to assess the respiR8™ performance from the end-user perspective, analysing respiR8™ alarm activations, corresponding pulse rate and SpO2 readings (sub-group), and to assess repeatability of both manual and digital readings using a Bland-Altman analysis (describe).


Wheat cultivars commonly develop either tan necrosis (nec) or chroloris (chl) in response to infection by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. We report, for the first time, wheat genotypes capable of developing both symptoms. Isolates of P. tritici-repentis can be classified on the basis of their ability to induce tan necrosis and/or extensive chlorosis. A selection of winter wheat cultivar Norstar and spring wheat line 6B699, tested to isolates from pathotypes 1(nec+ chl+), 2(nec+ chl-), 3(nec- chl+), and 4(nec- chl-), developed tan necrosis in response to nec+ isolates as well as extensive chlorosis in response to chl+ isolates (.)


Abstract It has been shown recently that porous tungsten can be obtained at much lower temperatures T ≤ 1200°C than those in conventional techniques where T ≥ 2000°C. This has been achieved by employing the concept of reactive sintering. The method makes use of the addition of Al, a low melting point phase which decreases the process temperature while acting as a potential sintering aid. As a result, higher homogeneity and uniform porosity distribution have been obtained. In this study, attention has been paid to the swelling phenomenon observed in porous tungsten upon post-sintering heat treatment. It has already been shown that swelling occurred in sintering porous tungsten by this alternative technique, and upon further heat treatment swelling instead of shrinkage became even more pronounced. This article explores the microstructural evolution upon post-sintering heat treatment on these parts. The relation between swelling and porosity for different tungsten particle sizes has been demonstrated. An attempt has been made to explain the possible reasons behind the changes in the porous structure. SEM has been a useful tool for the purpose of this study.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether stool polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has a higher clinical sensitivity for detecting enterovirus compared with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PCR in pediatric patients suspected to have enteroviral meningitis. We retrospectively reviewed 139 pediatric patients with enteroviral meningitis diagnosed in our hospital during 2010–2012. Enteroviral meningitis was diagnosed based on detection of virus in CSF and/or stool samples in aseptic meningitis patients. Patients were divided into definitive enteroviral meningitis (positive CSF PCR) and highly probable enteroviral meningitis (negative CSF PCR, but positive stool PCR) groups. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared to identify the characteristics of patients with highly probable enteroviral meningitis. We also analyzed the influence of sampling time on the PCR results of the two specimen types. Patients with highly probable enteroviral meningitis had a lower white blood cell count in CSF (P < 0.01) and a longer latency between symptom onset and CSF sampling (P = 0.03) than did patients with definitive enteroviral meningitis. The CSF enterovirus positivity rate was lower in CSF specimens obtained > 1 day after clinical onset, whereas the majority of stool samples were PCR positive throughout the course of the disease. Our results suggest that PCR of stool specimens may be useful in pediatric patients with suspected enteroviral meningitis, particularly when the duration of symptoms is >1 day and/or a lower degree of CSF pleocytosis is observed.


The Roveredo bypass project will divert the national road A13 away from the village and includes three construction sections. The heart of the Roveredo bypass is the 2,391 m long two‐lane San Fedele Tunnel, which will carry traffic in both directions. Parallel to the tunnel, a safety tunnel is being constructed with an excavation diameter of 4 m. This will be linked to the tunnel every 300 m.


. In recent times, our research has focused on training large language models and exploring their potential. With the emergence of Chat-GPT, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to fine-tune language models in a task-agnostic way. The success of ChatGPT is attributed to the reinforcement learning method, which integrates human feedback into the language model fine-tuning process. As a part of our research, we initially adapted the method of reinforcement learning for a specific task, which is machine translation, respectively. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to enhance machine translation with reinforcement learning and quality estimation methods. Our proposed approach uses reinforcement learning to learn to adjust the machine translation output based on quality estimation feed-back, with the goal of improving the overall translation quality. We evaluated our approach on the WMT09 dataset for English-Hungarian language pair. We conducted an analysis to show how our approach improves the quality of machine translation output. Our approach offers a promising avenue for enhancing the quality of machine translation and demonstrates the potential of utilizing reinforcement learning to improve other natural language processing tasks.


ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Kévin Adam is the first author on 'A PIM-CHK1 signaling pathway regulates PLK1 phosphorylation and function during mitosis', published in Journal of Cell Science. Kévin conducted the research in this article while a PhD student in the lab of Patrick Mayeux at the Cochin Institute, Paris, France. He is now a Research Associate in Tony Hunter's lab at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, USA investigating the involvement of non-conventional phosphorylation from the SONAtes phosphate categories in cancer development.


Aiming at the feature of failure occurs frequently, check links, difficult to position for channel equipment of measurement and control system of the ship-borne, according as to equipment index that reflects equipment performance-signal power level, analyzes channel equipment reliability by different mathematical methods, and based on the previous equipment test results of data analysis, presents the method of wavelet neural network, to analyze equipment reliability and forecast malfunction .


This paper analyzed characters of a single-period product in the case of stochastic demand comprehensively. Then it put forward an order and pricing decision-making model of asingle-period product, including the two-level supply chain of the manufacturer and the retailer. According to the mode adopted to deal with inventory remaining in the selling term end, the manufacturer and retailer can choose returned or unreturned order mode, which can not only realize maximum expected income, but also avoid operation risk. Finally it gave an example to prove scientific and validity of the model established.


We are seeking to apply advanced ultrasonic tissue typing methods to overcoming severe limitations that now exist in conventional means of imaging cancerous lesions of the prostate. New tissue-type imaging (TTI) methods based on spectrum analysis of radiofrequency (RF) echo signals and neural-network classifiers show potential for distinguishing cancerous from non-cancerous prostate tissues. Encouraging ROC-curve results indicate superior classification. Consequently, these new TTI images may improve biopsy guidance and therapy targeting so that cancers are more-effectively detected and treated.


Abstract : This paper describes a general three dimensional block structured grid generation technique which has been coupled with an Euler algorithm to simulate the flow around complicated aerodynamic configurations. The flow field is subdivided into a set of non-overlapping blocks and grids are generated simultaneously in all of the blocks using an elliptic grid generation method. Appropriate boundary conditions applied on the face of the blocks ensure that grid lines pass smoothly between blocks leaving the grid globally smooth. Details of the surface and field grid generation are given and techniques to control the position of grid points are highlighted. Grid topologies for complicated civil and military configurations are discussed. Examples are given of grids for complicated configurations and some results of flow calculations on block structured grids are shown.