In Terms Of The Fundamental Law And The Higher Law Of The Chinese Constitution, The Political Efficacy And The Normative Correctness Are Helpful To Act As A Proper Standard To Distinguish Between Them. With This Standard The Current Constitutional Studies Can Find Its Dilemma That When It Is Asked, Whether Or Not The Constitution As A Whole Is Politically Efficacious Or Normatively Correct, It Is Impossible To Get An Answer. In This Sense, Constitutional Studies Refer In China Not To The Value-Judgment, But To Analyzing And Exploring The Deep Structure Of The Constitutional Text. As Fundamental Law The Constitution Consists Of Three Basic Political Principles And The Basic Rights With Political Efficacy, While As Higher Law It Aims To Bring About The Well-Ordered Society In A Democratic Legal State.


This paper examines the possibility of the spatial modelling of the Earth's natural pulsed-electromagnetic-field measured values, which form a closed profile without the data inside. This geophysical method allows us to map active tectonic movement which breaches the integrity of pipes. During the experiment, 4.5 km of profiles were measured in the Admiralteysky district of St. Petersburg, Russia. Regular electromotive force (EMF) values and anomalous EMF values were obtained, ranging from 0 to 900 µV and above 900 µV, respectively. The anomalous values are associated with tectonic faults in the bedrock. The data obtained are characterized by complex spatial anisotropy associated with the development of two groups of tectonic faults of different orientations. The authors have considered the problems of the spatial modeling of the data obtained. The main problems, the solutions to which should allow the obtaining of adequate models, have been identified. Based on the analysis of the measurement results, geological features of the studied areas, as well as variography, the following possible solutions were proposed: changing the measurement technique; dividing the data array according to the main directions of anisotropy; the need to introduce additional correction coefficients. The problem revealed in this article requires further research on the basis of the obtained results, which will reduce the cost and timing of such studies, and, as a result, give an opportunity to take into account active tectonic disturbances during the construction and scheduled maintenance of underground utilities, which is especially important within the framework of the concept of sustainable development.


: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. This is a cross-sectional study involving 145 patients with chronic hemodialysis treated at the regional hospital in Fier during 2015. The prevalence of hypertension was determined by monitoring blood pressure at the beginning, mid and end of the dialysis based on systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or PB diastolic (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg in at least two measurements. The mean age of patients was 60.2 (13.3) years old, ranging 16 to 84 years. 65 (44.8%) of the patients were male and 80 (55.2%) of the female, (p=0.2). The median time of patients undergoing hemodialysis is 9.8 (6.4) years, range of 1-28 years. 114 or 78.6% of total patients were diagnosed with hypertension (95% CI 71.0% - 84.97%). significant and independent predictive factors of hypertension resulted: gender-males (OR = 1.41 p = 0.01), diabetes (OR = 2.52 p = 0.02), uricemia (OR = 1.95 p <0.01). Hypertension control, particularly systolic pressure, is crucial in patients with chronic hemodialysis. and adrenergic stimuli.


The toxicity of lead has inspired recent interest in making lead-free photovoltaic materials, among which the bimetallic double perovskite (DP) strategy is very promising. Unlike the popular Ag(I)–Bi(III) based DPs with wider band gaps ∼2.0 eV, in our previous study we found that the Cu(I)–Bi(III) method may have narrower band gaps ∼1.6 eV. Here we expand this strategy to various amines, from which we can see that the cyclic aliphatic amines (CAAs) are critical to govern the structural dimensions, thin film orientations and band gaps of the Cu(I)–Bi(III) iodide DPs. Among these compounds, CAAs with a "Z-shape" and six-member-rings result in two-dimensional structures (compounds 1–5), while CAAs with a "C-shape" and five-member-rings result in 1D bimetallic chains (compounds 6 and 7). Regardless of the structural dimensions, all seven compounds show narrow band gaps between 1.53 and 1.67 eV, which can be correlated to the distortions of the Cu–I–Bi angles. The band gap will be narrower if the Cu–I–Bi angle is closer to 180° or the octahedral distortion is smaller. Moreover, DFT calculations reveal that such band gaps are flat and direct in nature. Interestingly, the thin films formed by these compounds show preferential orientations to the ITO substrate with respect to the symmetries of the amines. For mirror-symmetric diamines the inorganic layers tend to be perpendicular to ITO; for asymmetric diamines the inorganic layers tend to be randomly oriented on ITO; for the asymmetric mono-amines the inorganic layers tend to be parallel to ITO. Such a phenomenon is, as far as we know, unknown to the field of perovskite thin film construction. To further reveal the potential of these materials for photovoltaic application we took compound 3 as a representative to study the photoelectric properties. From 20 °C to 130 °C, the conductivity of compound 3 increases over five orders of magnitude, ramping from 3.97 × 10−10 S cm−1 to 2.78 × 10−5 S cm−1, indicating a formal semiconducting behaviour. Thus, the photo-current response experiments show a ca. 17.5 nA difference between Ilight and Idark for 3, indicating the potential application of this material for light harvesting.


The objective of this paper is to estimate if an electrical appliance is 'ON' based on their common mode electromagnetic (CM EMI) emissions. The assumption being that, a user by knowing the state of the appliance can make an informed decision whether to keep it running or switch it off to save power. Here, state estimation of a single appliance is formulated as a classification problem. A new technique called analysis dictionary learning is proposed to generate features from CM EMI. The proposed method outperforms feature extraction based on deep learning techniques as well as a state-of-the-art information theoretic feature extraction technique based on Conditional Likelihood Maximization.


Heavy metal pollution in soil is threatening the ecological environment and human health. However, field measurement of heavy metal content in soil entails significant costs. Therefore, this study explores the estimation method of soil heavy metals based on remote sensing images and machine learning. To accurately estimate the heavy metal content, we propose a hybrid artificial intelligence model integrating least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and error back propagation neural network (BPNN), namely the LASSO-GA-BPNN model. Meanwhile, this study compares the accuracy of the LASSO-GA-BPNN model, SVR (Support Vector Regression), RF (Random Forest) and spatial interpolation methods with Huanghua city as an example. Furthermore, the study uses the LASSO-GA-BPNN model to estimate the content of eight heavy metals (including Ni, Pb, Cr, Hg, Cd, As, Cu, and Zn) in Huanghua and visualize the results in high resolution. In addition, we calculate the Nemerow index based on the estimation results. The results denote that, the simultaneous optimization of BPNN by LASSO and GA can greatly improve the estimation accuracy and generalization ability. The LASSO-GA-BPNN model is a more accurate model for the estimate heavy metal content in soil compared to SVR, RF and spatial interpolation. Moreover, the comprehensive pollution level in Huanghua is mainly low pollution. The overall spatial distribution law of each heavy metal content is very similar, and the local spatial distribution of each heavy metal is different. The results are of great significance for soil pollution estimation.


The negative impacts of the construction industry are compelling arguments for embracing technology that contributes to carbon footprint reduction and resources conservation. Toward the achievement of objective 9 of the Sustainable Development Goals, the development of new building's materials like straw bale has advanced in the construction industry. As demonstrated in the literature, straw bale is an eco-friendly material that presents many advantages, like its contribution towards a circular economy. However, it has low compressive strength and displays high displacement under compression load. So far, no attempt has been made in order to enhance the strength of straw bales.


A systematic study of the spectroscopy and photophysics of tropolone in condensed media has been
 undertaken by measuring its UV–visible absorption, emission and emission–excitation spectra in a number of
 solvents of varying structure, at temperatures between 77 K and 295 K, and by measuring its quantum yields
 of emission, ϕem, and time-resolved emission decays as a function of temperature, T, and excitation
 wavelength, λex, in each solvent. In weakly interacting solvents, such as 3-methylpentane and perfluoro-2-n-butyltetrahydrofuran, the only species yielding significant fluorescence is the S1, 1(π,π*) state of the intramolecularly
 hydrogen-bonded neutral molecule. In acidic aqueous solution at pH <3, the emitting state is also
 1(π,π*) S1, but the intramolecular hydrogen bond has been disrupted by the solvent. In basic aqueous solution at pH >8 the emitting species is the corresponding excited anion. In some solvents, emission from photochemical products
 prevents reliable measurements from being made at room temperature. Contrary to previous reports, no emission from solvent-stabilised 1(n,π*) excited states is observed. In glass-forming media the fluorescence quantum
 yields and the lifetimes of the emitting species increase in a sigmoidal fashion as the temperaure decreases, and are a factor of more than 100 greater at 77 K than at room temperature. The fluorescence quantum yields also decrease with increasing excitation energy in the UV, an effect which is most pronounced in more weakly
 interacting solvents at temperatures near room temperature. A mechanism is proposed. Both the spectra and the excited state temporal decays indicate that emission from short-lived, vibrationally unrelaxed S1 constitutes the majority of the fluorescence at room temperature, a small fraction of the total emission at 77 K, and an increasing fraction of the total emission with decreasing excitation wavelength. The variations of ϕem and lifetime with temperature are attributed to the effects of temperature-dependent solvent relaxation dynamics on the non-radiative decay, based on qualitative correlations between the observed parameters describing the effects in different media and known characteristics of the media, including their glass transition temperatures and polarity.


Electronic devices that will be installed for automotive applications would possibly located in environments where vibrations environment might occur. It is therefore necessary to provide a vibration or shock test for a functionally test under severe vibration environments. A general purpose vibration test system has been developed to provide a testing platform for such testing requirements. A special shaker table has been designed and manufactured to be a platform base where an electronic device will be placed and excited by a vibration exciter. This shaker stable can be used in a frequency range of service up to 2500 Hz and will behave as a rigid body vibration. The vibration excitations from the shaker will be directly transmitted to the electronic device in a rigid body mode. The calculated first natural frequency of the shaker table is 2580 Hz. The resonance will not occur in the range of frequency of service (0-2500Hz). The vibration system can provide various tests: random test, shock test, road simulation test as well as sine chirp sweep function test, where constant velocity or acceleration can be done in frequency cyclic sweep from low to high frequency. The maximum acceleration is limited to 93g and the maximum dimension of the electronic device that can be placed in the shaker table is 15 cm square.


While social movements have emerged throughout the history of indian society and culture, their study in a sociological framework is recent. This book is the first of its kind to bring together twelve empirical studies of diverse social movements in different parts of the country.


ABSTRACT Metadata is data about data, which is generated mainly for resources organization and description, facilitating finding, identifying, selecting and obtaining information①. With the advancement of technologies, the acquisition of metadata has gradually become a critical step in data modeling and function operation, which leads to the formation of its methodological commons. A series of general operations has been developed to achieve structured description, semantic encoding and machine-understandable information, including entity definition, relation description, object analysis, attribute extraction, ontology modeling, data cleaning, disambiguation, alignment, mapping, relating, enriching, importing, exporting, service implementation, registry and discovery, monitoring etc. Those operations are not only necessary elements in semantic technologies (including linked data) and knowledge graph technology, but has also developed into the common operation and primary strategy in building independent and knowledge-based information systems. In this paper, a series of metadata-related methods are collectively referred to as 'metadata methodological commons', which has a lot of best practices reflected in the various standard specifications of the Semantic Web. In the future construction of a multi-modal metaverse based on Web 3.0, it shall play an important role, for example, in building digital twins through adopting knowledge models, or supporting the modeling of the entire virtual world, etc. Manual-based description and coding obviously cannot adapted to the UGC (User Generated Contents) and AIGC (AI Generated Contents)-based content production in the metaverse era. The automatic processing of semantic formalization must be considered as a sure way to adapt metadata methodological commons to meet the future needs of AI era.


Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) is a natureinspired metaheuristic algorithm, which is widely used to solve the real world global optimization problem. PSO has been mostly used to resolve diverse kind of optimization problems. Major issues faced by the PSO are lack of diversity and frequently captured in local optima while handling the complex real-world problems. Initialization of population plays a significant job in metaheuristic algorithm since they can influence on convergence, diversity and find the better final solution. In this study, to improve the convergence, rather applying random distribution for initialization, a new distribution is proposed for initialization of swarm. This paper presents a new initialization population approach using Log-logistic named as (LOG-PSO) that uses the Log-logistic to create the initialization of the swarm. Initializing PSO using Log-logistic is examined on 8 well-known non-linear benchmark test problems extensively used in the literature and its promising performance is analyzed and compared with basic PSO, PSO initialized with Sobol sequence (SO-PSO) and PSO initialized with Halton sequences (HA-PSO). The promising experimental result suggests the superiority of the proposed technique. The results present foresight that how the proposed initialization technique influences on divergence and convergence speed. Keywords— Particle swarm optimization, Quasi random sequence, Log-logistic distribution, Swarm Convergence.


The objective of this paper is to provide an understanding of how the gap between the 'global' and the 'local-peripheral' is bridged in the everyday life of the peasantry at a coffee pioneer front. The networks of connectivity between the spontaneous migrant-peasants at the coffee pioneer front in the province of Dak Lak in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, and the global coffee market are explored. This set of linkages helps the peasantry to settle, despite the harsh conditions of life on the frontier. This is illustrated through a brief ethnographic account of the 'peripheral' characteristics of life on a coffee pioneer front. By borrowing analytical tools from actor-network theory, the paper also illuminates the (actor) networks through which coffee finally reaches the export gate. This account suggests that global commodity production processes are often embedded in local dynamics, in this case, the political-economy of the frontier. Further, it implies the need to transcend scales when inquiring about peasant-market relationships in export agro-commodity production.


This paper is based on the results of lithological and geochemical core analysis. Obtained parameters allow to make detailed characterization the Palyanovskaya area Bazhenov formation and distinguish significant intervals containing reservoir rocks with mobile oil.


Abstract In 2009 the ICJ delivered a decision on the interpretation of the 1858 Treaty of Limits between Costa Rica and Nicaragua. While the main issue concerned commercial navigation on the San Juan River, a small part of the Court's decision dealt with private navigational rights that benefit the few riparian inhabitants of the Costa Rican bank. On the basis of humanitarian concerns, the Court decided that the treaty implicitly guarantees also private navigational rights, originating in a tradition predating the Treaty of Limits, and necessary nowadays to access schools and medical practices. The article takes the Court's interpretation as the starting point for a reflection on the importance of human rights law in the preservation of communal traditions that cannot rely on international rules protecting groups according to their identity.


The role of financial development and economic growth has been well established. Now the research has shifted to understand factors that affects the overall financial services, thereby the underlying factors that lead to improve the financial development. Insurance is one of the important financial services that can trigger the growth in an economy by channelizing the long-term savings and providing a shield before the risk associated with any activity related to productivity, assets or life. The objective of this present study is to find out the macro-economic factors that are responsible for the demand of life insurance in India. The study finds that the Income and Financial Development (FD) are the most significant and positive factors in driving the life insurance demand but while interest rates on other alternative investments are negatively related.


Mechanics play a significant role during tissue development. One of the key characteristics that underlies this mechanical role is the homeostatic pressure, which is the pressure stalling growth. In this work, we explore the possibility of a negative bulk homeostatic pressure by means of a mesoscale simulation approach and experimental data of several cell lines. We show how different cell properties change the bulk homeostatic pressure, which could explain the benefit of some observed morphological changes during cancer progression. Furthermore, we study the dependence of growth on pressure and estimate the bulk homeostatic pressure of five cell lines. Four out of five result in a bulk homeostatic pressure in the order of minus one or two kPa.


This paper explores perfume, scent, and floriography as an aspect of the archetype of the femme fatale, specifically in the context of the late-Victorian Gothic and its afterlives. As an expansion ...


The marine boundary layer (MBL) is a key component of Earth's climate system, and its main characteristics (height, entrainment efficiency, energy and mass fluxes, cloud formation processes, etc.) are closely linked to the properties of the inversion layer, which generally determines its height. Furthermore, cloud response to a warmer climate, one of the main sources of uncertainty in future climate projections, is highly dependent on changes in the MBL and in the inversion-layer properties. Long-term trends of the time series of MBL parameters at 32 stations in the Atlantic Ocean have been analyzed using conveniently homogenized radiosonde profiles from 1981 to 2010. In general, decreasing trends are found in the strength and thickness of the inversion layer and in the difference between the precipitable water vapor (PWV) in the free troposphere and the MBL. In contrast, positive trends are found in the height of the bottom of the inversion layer, the lapse rates of virtual and equivalent potential temperatures, the PWV within the boundary layer, and the sea surface temperature (SST). The weakening trend of the inversion layer and the increasing desiccation of the free troposphere relative to the MBL could have important consequences for both the evolution of low cloud cover in a greenhouse-warming climate and the fragile local ecosystems, such as "cloud forests."


If education is a solution in working toward a sustainable future then initial teacher training (ITT) provides a strategic opportunity for ensuring that all teachers are able to teach for sustainability when they begin their teaching careers. This paper reports on a study of how four Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) student teachers planned and taught education for sustainable development (ESD) through geography during a school placement. It was carried out to provide exemplification of the nature of student teachers' planning and teaching about ESD in secondary schools in England and to identify ways of improving their PGCE course. The findings are based on interviews with student teachers after the school placement, as well documentary evidence. Policy‐driven changes in the provision of both ITT and school curricula and pedagogy in England are an important context for the study. The paper concludes by arguing that ITT faces considerable challenges if it is to be reoriented towards sustainability.


In this paper, a nearly perfect terahertz absorber for transverse magnetic (TM) polarization based on Arrow-shaped InSb array is proposed and numerically investigated. Incident wave at the Fabry-Perot resonant frequency can be totally absorbed into the narrow grooves between the two adjacent Arrow-shaped InSb arms. The absorption mechanism is theoretically and numerically studied by using the Fabry-Perot model and the finite element method (FEM), respectively. The absorption peak can be controlled by varying the temperature. Furthermore, a new absorption peak will emerge while breaking the symmetry of the Arrow-shaped InSb array. This tunable THz perfect absorber may find important applications in THz devices such as microbolometers, coherent thermal emitters, solar cells, photo detectors, and sensors.


PurposeIn this work, a framework for assessing construction contractors' performance in Saudi Arabia is developed. Usually, a contractor's assessment is based on financial aspects, which are lagging indicators in nature, and can ignore other nonfinancial aspects. Hence, a more detailed contractors' assessment framework is needed for the construction industry in Saudi Arabia. A framework that integrates financial and nonfinancial aspects in one model will enable contractors to better benchmark their performance to the rest of Saudi Arabia's construction industry.Design/methodology/approachInitially, the literature is reviewed and the most commonly used key performance indicators (KPIs) are identified and surveyed through contractors' feedback to ensure their proper alignment with Saudi Arabia's construction industry. The adopted set of KPIs will be further prioritized through the relative importance index (RII) method based on the surveyed contractors' perceptions. Furthermore, the important set of KPIs will be factored into various groups using principle component analysis (PCA). Finally, the findings are validated through expert judgment.FindingsAll key performance indicators (KPIs) have proven to be significant, except for the environmental factor, which happens to be nonsignificant and hence has been omitted from further consideration. The remaining KPIs have been factored through the principle component analysis method. Five generic dimensions were identified: Performance, Satisfaction, Actual Metrics, Estimated Metrics and Compliance. The model has been validated by expert feedback, and it was found to be reliable.Originality/valueThe proposed model establishes an assessment framework to aid building construction contractors in assessing their performance in real time, in addition to postconstruction assessment for business development and retrofitting purposes.


A new non-linear cross-shore sediment transport model called CROSS is developed based on equilibrium beach profile concepts and scaling relationships. CROSS and three other existing models, CCCL (Chiu and Dean 1984), EDUNE (Kriebel 1989) and two versions of SBEACH (version 2.0, Larson and Kraus 1989, and version 3.0, undocumented) are investigated by comparing erosion occurring from November 1991 to January 1992, at Ocean City, Maryland, the site of a major beach fill placed by the State of Maryland and Federal Government in 1988, 1990 and 1991. Among the four models, CCCL is the only one which overpredicts average dune erosion; the other three underpredict it. Overall CROSS and EDUNE yield better predictions than the other two models.


WE PROPOSE THAT CONSTRUCTING GLOBAL SPATIAL ORGANIZATIONS FROM INDIVI- DUAL TOKEN TRAJECTORIES IS A POWERFUL TECHNIQUE FOR MOTION AND STRUCTURE INTERPRETATION. RECOVERING 3D MOTION AND STRUCTURE FROM GROUPED TRAJECTOR- IES HAS MANY ANALOGIES WITH 3D STRUCTURE-FROM-CONTOURS IN STATIC IMAGERY, WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN MADE EXPLICIT IN THE 3D SCENE INTERPRETATION AND MOTION VISION LITERATURE. OUR PROPOSAL IS ALSO SIMILAR TO STEVEN''S [25] IDEA OF STRONGLY SUGGESTED GEOMETRIC GROUPINGS IN GLASS PATTERNS. ADDITIONALLY, FOR OUR MOTION MODEL, THE GROUPED TRAJECTORIES EXPLOIT THE SYMMETRY INHERENT IN THE MOTION. WE DEMONSTRATE OUR APPROACH THROUGH A TWO-STAGE PROCESS OF IMAGE DESCRIPTION OF THE MOTION OF TRACKED POINTS AND THEIR 3D INTERPRETA- TION FROM THE RESULTING IMAGE TRAJECTORIES. WE SOLVE FOR THE SCENE MOTION AND STRUCTURE PARAMETERS FOR A SET OF 3D POINTS ROTATING RIGIDLY AROUND AN ARBITRARY AXIS. INSTEAD OF USING INDIVIDUAL POINT CORRESPONDENCES AND COMPUTE, IN CLOSED FORM, THE 3D MOTION AND STRUCTURE PARAMETERS USING THE QUADRATIC FORM MATRIX REPRESENTING EACH CONIC. WE ALSO PRESENT AN ALGORITHM TO OBTAIN STABLE AND ROBUST CONIC FITS TO SPATIALLY PROXIMAL GROUPED POINT SETS CONSTRAINED LOCALLY BY SIMILARITY OF SOME PARAMETERS. IN CONTRAST, THE DESCRIPTIONS FROM INDIVIDUAL FITS ARE HIGHLY UNSTABLE AND PRACTICALLY USELESS FOR ANY 3D INTERPRETATION.


The 1993 Pontifical Biblical Commission document The interpretation of the Bible within the Church presented various contemporary hermeneutical approaches along with a comment on their eventual defects and merits. Does the Bible itself offer criteria that could validate these methods? Given that the biblical text has been constantly reinterpreted from the earliest to New Testament times, attempts have been made to identify interpretative norms used both internally to the Old Testament as well as within the New Testament when interpreting both Old Testament and other New Testament passages, in order to determine whether or not the modern hermeneutical approaches follow the interpretative methods already present in the Scriptures. What emerges is that a substantial number of these approaches already exist in embryonic form in both Old and New Testaments. However, to avoid them becoming mere philological or literary games, it is necessary to leave these interpretations open to the movement of the Spirit that inspired them during the composition of the Scriptures.


The research project entitled "A Study on effectiveness of email marketing among students". Email Marketing remains one of the most effective ways to advertise on the Internet! However, as the usage of this method is expanding, it is becoming increasingly difficult to launch a successful email campaign. Today there are many regulations that form various boundaries on this form of marketing. Also, a lot of competition that may minimize the exposure. Direct E-mail Marketing is the fastest option for sales. Email is so versatile and relatively simple to organize, as long as your data base is in good shape. This is the fastest media to generate new business avenues & push the sale. A study has been conducted using Descriptive research. The sample design used in this survey is "Simple random sampling" with a sample size of 200 respondents. Primary data is collected from the colleges which use e-mail marketing as a marketing tool using formulated questionnaire.


Since the late 60s, the organization through weak signals has been playing a leading role in Strategic Management. At the same time, the connection between information and decision has remained quitte vague and ambigous. Examining some conlusions of research on Business Intelligence, this paper is in line with the latest work about organiztional engineering of the conception of Attention Network. The inter-organizational Attention Network, of insurance companie's functioning is analyzed.


Muscle stretching is one of the most used techniques for increasing range of movement (ROM), but there is no consensus on how long it must last to increase flexibility. The aim of this study was to determine which stretching duration is most effective. Flexibility was assessed by measuring the popliteal angle (PA). Thirty mean age 21.1±2.9 year-old female volunteers were recruited and randomly divided into five groups (control, 15, 60, 90, and 120 seconds). All underwent a four-week passive stretching program at these different stretching lengths. Each was assessed as to flexibility by three clinical examiners who measured the PA. Data were statistically analysed, with significance level set at p<0.05; inter-examiner reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the values found pointed to high reproducibility (ICC 0.985). Results show significant differences between the 15and 120-second groups (p<0.01) and between 90and 120-second groups (p<0.05) – both groups where ROM increase was higher. The 120-s group presented the greatest mean, and the 90-s group presented the greatest variation. Findings allow suggesting that the longer stretching is sustained, the more muscle flexibility is improved.


A 16S rDNA-PCR fragment at about 600 bp was amplified from 23 cyanobacterial accessions by using primer pair CYA106F and 781R(a). The RFLP analysis of this fragment indicated that of these tested accessions, 21 strains of nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacteria with heterocyst were separated into two clusters basically corresponding to Anabeana and Nostoc genus on the basis of morphological classification. but 1 strain identified as Anabeana and 1 strain of Synechococcus as check showed a greatly difference from the two clusters. The result also revealed that the Anabeana strain possibly formed symbiosis with angiosperm Gunnera for nitrogen fixation.


The recently discovered graphite–diamond hybrid materials (Gradia) with mixed sp2- and sp3-hybridizations have opened up a new direction in carbon allotropes research. Herein, we reported Gradia-HZ, constituted by interfaced graphite and hexagonal diamond parts in the unit cell, which demonstrates distinct electronic and mechanical properties. With the modulation of graphite width, Gradia-HZ exhibits unexpected topological nodal-line semimetal, semiconductor, and normal metal integrating with a distinctive Quasi-1D electronic transport capability based on first-principles calculations. More interestingly, pressure-induced graphite phase transformation might be an implementable and effective method to regulate the structure and physical properties of Gradia-HZ. The discovery of rich and peculiar physical properties in Gradia-HZ, e.g., high-conductivity metals, semiconductors with variable bandgap, and topological semimetals, will arouse great research interest to graphite–diamond hybrid materials, to promote their development and application in advanced devices.


Objective: To detect the level of HbA1c, mAlb and β2MG in patients with DM to find out the early damage of patients with DM. Methods: The level of HbA1c, mAlb and β2MG was measured in Abbott C8000 analyzer by the method of immunoturbidimetry respectively. Results: The differences among the patients with urine protein negative group and ones with urine protein positive group and ordinary healthy control group were significant (P0.01). Conclusion: Blood HbA1c, urine mAlb and β2MG of patients with DM can be reliable and sensitive signals of the early renal damage of DM. They can also be good biochemical markers for monitoring the development of DM and its treatment.


In this paper, Zhang and Tindle's concept of the complex effective depth is cited, and the approximate equation of Chapman's (real)effective depth for Pekeris guide is extended to the complex effective depth approximation whose real and imaginary part explicates the phase change and energy loss on reflection. It is shown that the homogeneous acoustic field, which comprises the complex effective depth approximation, closely reproduces the character of low modes at small grazing angle, and calculates effectively the acoustic field at longer ranges in shallow water. Application of the complex effective depth approximation can be extended to bottoms having two soft solid layers.


This paper describes the study and development of the filament power supply. This locally designed low energy electron accelerator with the present energy of 140 keV will be upgraded to 300 keV. The filaments are used to heating-up and produce the electron. The produced electron will be accelerated through a potential different by a DC High Voltage Power Supply (DCHVPS). Whereby this filament power supply is connected with the DCHVPS, therefore the isolation of high voltage is required. For such purpose, the specifications and the isolation mechanisms of the filament power supply have been identified. As the result, the filament power supply by using an air core transformer has been selected and developed with the required heating power.


Moderated mediation has been proven to be one of the useful techniques in providing powerful analysis in many research areas such as social science, statistics, marketing, health science and others. By using secondary data obtained from Trends In Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), moderated mediation analysis is used to determine the significance difference of direct effect and total effect including indirect effect of exogenous latent constructs toward endogenous latent construct through mediator latent construct between moderator; male and female samples. From the Moderation Analysis, it is found that there is no significant difference between male and female samples in the direct effect of all exogenous latent constructs toward endogenous latent construct. The same result obtained in Moderated Mediation Analysis where there is no significant difference between male and female samples in the total effect including indirect effect from all exogenous latent constructs toward endogenous latent construct through mediator latent construct.


Abstract The 'urban Aborigine' has been a problematic figure in Australian social policy, because of the tension between his/her cultural status (apparently assimilated) and his/her politicised cultural identity (defiantly resistant to assimilation). This paper focuses on a moment in Australian history when a reformist intelligentsia was compelled to make better sense of the 'urban Aborigine', and on two intellectuals in particular: H. C. Coombs and Fay Gale. It then turns to the cultural practice of a particular sector of this intelligentsia ‐ the urban Aboriginal painter ‐ and shows how urban Aboriginal artists have sometimes addressed the problematic category 'urban Aborigine' by richly referencing icons of the 'traditional' in their paintings.


This paper deals with an innovative low-loss AC switch, named as TBBS (transistor based bidirectional switch), based on the association of super-gain BJTs developed by the GREMAN laboratory. The main characterization results of the super-gain BJT are reminded to identify the key parameters that are essential to build the TBBS. A complete characterization database in static mode of this new AC switch is discussed. In particular, its forward and reverse-biased features have been measured to see the evolution of the DC current gain as a function of the current density. The TBBS makes sense when using the super-gain BJT (bipolar junction transistor) in reverse mode. It means that the reverse DC current gain has to be sufficient (at least higher than 1 compared with the conventional BJT one). This new AC switch is bidirectional in current and voltage, totally controllable (turn-on and turn-off) and the most attractive solution in terms of on-state power losses. Further, its manufacturing process is as easier as existing device such as triac.


The article examines current aspects of the development of human potential, both in economic and cultural contexts. The author links L. Vygotsky's conceptualization of social development dynamics with M. Max-Neef's development model based on the research into producers' fundamental needs. Such combination has helped to identify a correlation between cultural and physical needs of a person with the dynamics of person's intellectual potential growth, as well as the former's key role in alleviation of poverty.
With the modern development of innovative economy, there is inevitably a need for a new cultural vision of the market role in accordance with the needs of harmonious development of the individual. This vision should be focused not so much on the increase in additional value, but on the presence of the necessary signs in public life caused by the level of quality of life of the employee.
It is revealed that the modern international economic order is the source of human poverty, and at the same time various social problems, and the source of problems related to the individual, given the triad of economy-society-culture. Without the dialectical unity of economic development of society and the development of the employee's personality, the chances of survival of the individual and society become infinitesimal and at the same time there is a tendency to degrade the cultural heritage of mankind.
Thinking and rethinking the design of any social development-oriented tool, especially in the community, should be multidimensional in nature and include well-connected control phases. Failure to do so can lead to imbalances and gaps between the scientist's theoretical vision and the contextual reality that is changing.
The article shows various aspects of the role of dialectical unity of economic development of society and development of the employee's personality, without which the possibility of survival of a person and society becomes infinitely small and at the same time there is a tendency to degrade the cultural heritage of mankind.


Based on the practice, the paper intends to introduce some key issues in studio transformation, such as blue case's design, manufacture and construction, selection and application of lights and strategies in lighting arrangement. It also elaborates the importance of electronic background in a visual studio. As long as the overall ef ect of visual studio can be guaranteed, the original equipment should be put into best use.


The resin transfer molding (RTM) process offers important advantages for cost-effective composites manufacturing, and consequently has become the subject of intense research and development efforts. Several new matrix resins have been formulated specifically for RTM applications in aircraft and aerospace vehicles. For successful use on aircraft, composite materials must withstand exposure to the fluids in common use. The present study was conducted to obtain comparative screening data on several state-ofthe-art RTM resins after environmental exposures were performed on RTM composite specimens. Four graphite/epoxy composites and one graphite/bismaleimide composite were tested; testing of two additional graphite epoxy composites is in progress. Zero-deg tension tests were conducted on specimens machined from eight-ply (+45-deg, -45-deg) laminates, and interlaminar shear tests were conducted on 32-ply 0-deg laminate specimens. In these tests, the various RTM resins demonstrated widely different strengths, with 3501-6 epoxy being the strongest. As expected, all of the matrix resins suffered severe strength degradation from exposure to methylene chloride (paint stripper). The 3501-6 epoxy composites exhibited about a 30 percent drop in tensile strength in hot, wet tests. The E905-L epoxy exhibited little loss of tensile strength (less than 8 percent) after exposure to water. The CET-2 and 862 epoxies as well as the bismaleimide exhibited reduced strengths at elevated temperature after exposure to oils and fuel. In terms of the percentage strength reductions, all of the RTM matrix resins compared favorably with 3501-6 epoxy.


The control variable method was used to determine the reasonable amount of cementitious system, water reducing agent and early strength agent in the grouting material. Through orthogonal test, the effect of water-binder ratio, cement-sand ratio and desulfurized building gypsum content on the fluidity, compressive strength and vertical expansion rate of grouting material was studied. The experiment determined the optimal ratio of grouting material. The test results show that the main factor affecting the fluidity of grouting material is the cement-sand ratio; the main factor affecting the 1d and 3d compressive strength is the gypsum, and the main factor of the 28d compressive strength is the water-binder ratio; the main factor affecting the vertical expansion rate of 3h and 24h is the gypsum content. The optimal ratio of grouting material is: water-binder ratio of 0.23, cement-sand ratio of 1.0, the mass ratio of cement to mineral admixture is 4:1, polycarboxylate superplasticizer of 0.3%, calcium formate early strength agent of 0.7%, silicone defoamer of 0.2%, desulfurized building gypsum of 9%.


Biological tissues are multi-compartmental inhomogeneous media composed of different cellular and subcellular domains. Human head, a multi-compartmental inhomogeneous medium, is composed of scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and other subcellular domains. Among these domains, skull and WM show the complicated anisotropy tissue property because of their physiological structure. However, many researchers model human head excluding WM. This research investigates the necessity of WM using four- and five- layered spherical head models. Fourlayered head model excludes WM while five-layered model includes it. The piecewise homogeneous forward model using finite element method is implemented to measure electroencephalogram (EEG) on head surface for both head models. Analyzing these EEGs, this research finds the necessity of using WM to make an accurate human head model.


Based on the conventional concept of mining-induced pressure characteristics,the fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensors were used to study the three horizontal zones formation in the overlying strata of longwall face.The rock deformation and movement of overlying strata were simulated in the laboratory using a 3 000mm×1 150mm×200mm plane stress model that was embedded with 9fiber Bragg grating sensors.The geometric similarity ratio was 1∶200.The results show that the variation process of overlying strata movement could be detected by the FBG sensors,and the detected curves demonstrate a three steps behavior,representing separately the three stages of bed separation,fracture of strata and rotation process.The three horizontal zones in the overlying strata fracture region were also obtained by the FBG sensors,dividing into four parts:stable zone,disturbance zone,peak zone and recovery zone.The experiment achieved the real time detection of the variation of the longwall mining overlying strata for the first time and this providing a new idea for studying the overlying strata movement characteristics.


Abstract The results of an exploratory study of the role of contextual and personal factors ("personality" and demographic differences) in modifying administrative behavior are presented. Of the personal characteristics, principals' goals, particularly those of providing leadership, had the most impact on administrative behavior. Of the contextual influences, the psychological environment of the district influenced management behaviors, but not leadership behaviors. When a district emphasized competition and social comparison, principals responded by increasing monitoring, supervising, and managing. Although community characteristics were unrelated to either management or leadership functions, principals who perceived that their staffs were committed and hard working increased both management and leadership behaviors.


e20647 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with a high risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in pts with TETs (thymoma and thymic carcinoma). PT-112, a novel inducer of immunogenic cell death, has demonstrated safety and efficacy in phase I trials. We present results of an unplanned interim analysis of a phase 2, NIH IRB-approved clinical trial to evaluate the clinical activity, tolerability, and correlative immunology of PT-112 in TETs (NCT05104736). Methods: Eligible pts with TETs with progression after prior platinum therapy were treated with PT-112 360 mg/m2 iv on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28-day cycle until progression or development of intolerable toxicity. Prior history of autoimmunity (AI) or treatment with ICI was permitted. Primary objective is to determine the objective response rate. Immune activation was assessed by flow cytometry and multiplex immunofluorescence. Results: Ten pts have received treatment (median age 54, 3 females, 5 thymic carcinomas, 3 with prior TET-associated AI disease). Median number of prior systemic therapies is 2.5 (range, 1-4) and all pts have received cisplatin, paclitaxel, or both previously. Nine pts are evaluable for response, with stable disease in 8 (89%) and progressive disease in 1 (11%) pt. After a median potential follow-up of 7.4 months (mo) median progression-free survival is not reached in pts with thymoma and is 6.2 mo (95% CI: 1.8- 7.9 mo) in thymic carcinoma. All pts are evaluable for toxicity. The most common (all grades) treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) are peripheral neuropathy (60%), anemia, fatigue and myalgias (each in 50%). Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs in more than one patient include anemia (30%) and neutropenia (20%). Two (20%) pts experienced relapse of AI: ocular myasthenia and immune cytopenias. The most common reason for treatment hold is peripheral neuropathy (40%). Treatment was discontinued due to TRAE (peripheral neuropathy) in 1 (10%) pt. There are no treatment related deaths. Treatment was associated with an increase in CD8+ T cells, activated CD4+ T cells and NK cells in peripheral blood. There was an increase in pro-inflammatory serum analytes (IFNg, TNFa, sCD27:sCD40L and sCD73) and a decrease in immunosuppressive analytes (VEGF, sCD40L and TGFb) compared with baseline. Paired tumor biopsies are being analyzed by multiplex immunofluorescence and results will be presented. Conclusions: PT-112 is safe and clinically active in pts with recurrent TETs. In contrast to ICIs, no new irAEs were observed. Immune analyses show evidence of early treatment-related immune activation and support the rationale underlying this novel treatment approach for TETs. Enrollment is ongoing with an accrual ceiling of 53. These initial results support further evaluation of PT-112 in TETs as monotherapy and in combination with other immunomodulatory interventions. Clinical trial information: NCT05104736 .


This investigation compared the impact on the users' non-verbal behaviors elicited by interacting with a crowd of emotional virtual humans (VHs) in native and non-native language settings. In a between-subject experiment, we collected objective metrics regarding the users' behaviors during interaction with a crowd of VHs who expressed verbal and non-verbal communicative behaviors in response to users' speech-based interaction. The study presented four VH crowd conditions based on their emotional disposition, namely Positive, Negative, Neutral, and Mixed, in accordance with which VHs exhibited the appropriate behaviors. Participants were tasked with collecting items in a virtual flea market, and they interacted using natural speech-based dialogue with the VHs. The language conditions were collected in the USA and under two different conditions in Taiwan. The participants in the USA group interacted with the VHs in English (a native language for the USA setting); and two different groups in Taiwan interacted with the VHs in either a foreign (English) or native (Mandarin) language, respectively. Results reveal that in the (TMA, TEN) and (UEN, TEN) conditions, native versus non-native language communication can alter social behaviors (e.g., interaction time) of participants towards virtual interlocutors. Our results also revealed strong effects of cultural differences on participants' non-verbal social behaviors with VHs in the UEN and TMA conditions.


Most searches for ultra-high energy (UHE) astrophysical neutrinos look for radio emission from the electromagnetic and hadronic showers produced in their interactions. The radio frequency spectrum and angular distribution depend on the shower development, so are sensitive to the interaction cross sections. At energies above about 10^{16} eV (in ice), the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect significantly reduces the cross sections for the two dominant electromagnetic interactions: bremsstrahlung and pair production. At higher energies, above about 10^{20} eV, the photonuclear cross section becomes larger than that for pair production, and direct pair production and electronuclear interactions become dominant over bremsstrahlung. The electron interaction length reaches a maximum around 10^{21} eV, and then decreases slowly as the electron energy increases further. In this regime, the growth in the photon cross section and electron energy loss moderates the rise in nu_e shower length, which rises from ~10 m at 10^{16} eV to ~50 m at 10^{19} eV and ~100 m at 10^{20} eV, but only to ~1 km at 10^{24} eV. In contrast, without photonuclear and electronuclear interactions, the shower length would be over 10 km at 10^{24} eV.


In this paper, the gradient force and scattering force of two kinds of different sinusoidal modulated Gaussian beams (SMGBs(n=2), SMGB (n=4)) and Gaussian beam (Gb) are analyzed, and their ability to capture particles are studied. It is found that sinusoidal modulated Gaussian beams have multiple stable capture positions at the focal plane than Gaussian beam. Under the same circumstance, Monte Carlo stochastic simulation method is used to simulate the tendency characteristics of particles under the effect of gradient force and scattering force, which verifies the theoretical analysis results. Therefore, the research results of this paper have certain guiding significance in the experiment and application of multi-position optical tweezers.


This paper examines the possibility of using a membrane extraction technique to recover gallium from alkaline solutions. The factors that affect gallium transfer performance are investigated and discussed, including the selection of membrane extractant and stripping agent, the effect of membrane properties and feed alkalinity.


A system architecture design about the area array CCD image collecting system based on USB 2.0 was presented.The overall design concept and the role of main modules were introduced.Complex programmable logic device (CPLD) was chosen as the hardware design platform.Driving schedule generator was described with verilog HDL.The design of software used in USB was explained.


Long interspersed element‐1 (LINE‐1) is a 6kb long transposable element making up 17% of the human genome. LINE1 is the only currently active autonomous retro element within the human genome. LINE‐1 uses a copy and paste method to retrotranspose itself in the genome. Within the LINE‐1 mobile element are two open reading frames (ORF). ORF1 codes for a protein that acts as a chaperone and ORF2 codes for a protein that has both endonuclease and a reverse transcriptase function. Studies characterizing LINE1 endonuclease function demonstrated that LINE1 endonuclease activity induces formation of double‐stranded breaks (DSBs). Only a small fraction of LINE1‐induced DSBs results in a retrotransposition event, suggesting that the damage from the LINE1 endonuclease activity may be greater than previously considered. While LINE1 mutagenic insertion events have been associated with diseases such as breast and colon cancer as well as muscular dystrophy, the full effect of LINE1 endonuclease upon stability of the genome is undetermined. Our lab has identified inhibitors of the LINE‐1 endonuclease to elucidate the contribution of the LINE‐1 endonuclease associated DNA damage to the onset or progression of diseases such as cancer. Our lab has cell lines containing an inducible LINE‐1 at a single locus. By inserting an inducible LINE1 element integrated at a single locus we will investigate the effectiveness of our inhibitor in cells with various levels of LINE‐1 expression.


RECENT YEARS HAVE SEEN THE RECRUDESCENCE OF AN HISTORICAL dimension in comparative political studies, which is almost certainly a reflection of the increased interest in problems of political development that began to be seriously displayed from the early 1960s onwards. Among the more interesting contributions in this respect have been Lipset's, and, in particular, Rokkan's, working-out of a diachronic analysis of patterns of political cleavage and resulting party systems, the increasing focus on crises and sequences in political development, and, of course, Barrington Moore's historical analysis of the Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. All these approaches have in common an attempt to infuse the generalizing and typological approach so typical of the modern social sciences with a deeper historical appreciation of the particular contexts within which political change occurs.


We compiled a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligand library (GLL) for 147 targets, selecting for each ligand 39 decoy molecules, collected in the GPCR Decoy Database (GDD). Decoys were chosen ensuring a ligand-decoy similarity of six physical properties, while enforcing ligand-decoy chemical dissimilarity. The performance in docking of the GDD was evaluated on 19 GPCRs, showing a marked decrease in enrichment compared to bias-uncorrected decoy sets. Both the GLL and GDD are freely available for the scientific community.


Oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios were determined on coexisting biotite-muscovite-quartz-plagioclase mineral separates from 61 Siluro-Devonian pelitic schists of the Rangeley, Oquossoc, and Bryant Pond quadrangles of western Maine. Contact metamorphic zones range from garnet grade (450 C) through K feldspar-sillimanite grade (650 C) at 3-4Kb. Muscovite and biotite [sup 18]O-fractionations are remarkably constant and independent of metamorphic grade, recording apparent temperatures of 430 [plus minus] 70 C (Javoy, 1977). Multi-phase oxygen isotope isotherms likewise yield low (320 [plus minus] 60 C) temperatures that bear no systematic relation with metamorphic grade. The thermal history of intruding plutons as inferred from [sup 40]Ar/[sup 39]Ar studies (De Yoreo et al., 1989) indicates a 50--100 Ma period of postmetamorphic ambient conditions at 350--400 C. The observed oxygen isotope fractionations across the entire metamorphic complex therefore resulted from prolonged residence at postmetamorphic crustal conditions, obscuring details of isotopic exchange during the earlier polymetamorphism. Apparent equilibrium deuterium fractionations between coexisting mica minerals locally vary (8 < [Delta]D[sub ms-bt] < 25) but bear no systematic relation with mineral chemistry or metamorphic grade. The measured deuterium fractionation factors are generally lower and more variable than those predicted from previous experimental studies. By analogy with shallow-level hydrothermal systems, [delta]Dmore » vs. [delta][sup 18]O relations and fluid-rock isotope exchange modeling indicate low integrated fluid-rock ratios (0.05--0.15) during post-peakmetamorphic isotope exchange.« less


In order to acquire the influence of concentration on the suspension structure and particle sedimentation of TiO2,the influence of concentration on the rheological properties of suspension was presented,such as the relations between the concentration and the apparent viscidity,the relations between the shear stress and shear rate. Then,the fluid dynamic feature of the suspension at different concentration was researched through the stability experiment. It can be seen that when the concentration is about 35% net structure and yield stress appear. The influence of concentration on the structure is very large. There are different structures such as single particle stable,single aggregate and net structure. Different structure have different settling mechanism,such as single particle sedimentation,aggregate hindering sedimentation and compressive sedimentation.


It has not been many years since neurology was widely considered a purely diagnostic specialty—ameditatio morbis. One can look through the pages devoted to nervous diseases in almost any textbook of medicine written before the war and find scarcely a single suggestion of treatment beyond arsenic, strychnine, bromides and electricity, aside from the more obvious indications for surgery. Yet there are specific and effective forms of treatment for neurologic diseases, and their number has shown an astonishing growth during recent years. Since so few of them have found their way into the common body of medicine, I have thought it might be of interest to review them. In assembling such a summary, I find that as a matter of fact there is so much ground to cover that certain important territories will have to be omitted entirely. Three large and significant fields about which I shall say little are


In this paper,the author analyzed the status quo and prospects of development.Also the author analyzed some existing problems to make the further development of roof greening possible.


Sexual size dimorphism is a useful predictor of sociality in primates based on the association between male intrasexual competition and male size, relative to female size. Less considered ideas include the relationship between sexual dimorphism of facial traits and socioecological variability and the notion that females may obtain reproductive advantages from larger body size or facial morphology, similar to what is observed in males. In the present research, I investigate the morphological correlates of social and non-social variables to understand whether the facial skeleton, including the sagittal crest, carries a social signal. I adopt the heterochronic framework advocated by Shea (1986) to understand how sexual dimorphism is attained. I examine craniofacial size and shape dimorphism, growth and development in five extant hominoid primate taxa (Homo sapiens, Pan t. schweinfurthii, Gorilla g. gorilla, Pongo p. pygmaeus and Hylobates lar) to understand whether sex-specific patterns of facial dimorphism, growth and development are associated with social and life history variables. I use 3D surface data to quantify cranial size and shape using 3D co-ordinate landmarks, surface area data and linear measurements. Geometric morphometric techniques are used to calculate size and shape variables, including Procrustes distances between male and female average shapes, and visualisation of shape differences using Principal component scores. Marital system explains a small, but significant, amount of craniofacial size and shape variation in modern humans, and patterns of shape dimorphism in the brow ridge of Pan t. schweinfurthii and Gorilla g. gorilla, and in the mid-face of Gorilla g. gorilla and Pongo p. pygmaeus, indicate that sex-specific shape of these regions may be morphologically conserved. Sagittal crest emergence in Gorilla g. gorilla and Pongo p. pygmaeus males cannot be explained by mastication alone and is likely to be, in part, a result of sexual selection. Future studies, adopting a heterochronic approach to sexual dimorphism, are likely to afford detailed inferences about the relationship between morphological and behavioural variables and may have applications in reconstructing extinct hominoid social behaviour.


Oil containment is a critical design requirement that affects overall system safety and reliability of gas turbine engines. This paper examines a new method to enhance oil containment by use of an improved de-oiler that creates a favorable bearing compartment differential pressure environment even at low power settings. Typically gas turbine engines require seals to contain oil within the bearing compartment. These seals, both contacting and non-contacting configuration styles, rely on secondary airflow to buffer the sealing interface and force oil mist and droplets back into the compartment. This is not difficult to achieve at high or moderate power conditions since there is generally sufficient air flow and pressure available to meet the sealing requirements. However, at idle conditions, the engine low-pressure compressor (LPC) may not turn fast enough to produce sufficient airflow to buffer the seals. To address these concerns the authors propose a method where the de-oiler creates a vacuum at idle speed, which results in favorable compartment seal differential pressures and also acts as a restrictor at higher speeds, where limiting the contact pressure and increasing the service life of mechanical seals become desirable design goals. The paper will examine a specific case study with both analytical and experimental results.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


The Highways Agency Traffic Information System (HATRIS) stores journey times for every 15 minutes for each link of the motorways and "A" roads in England that the Agency is responsible for maintaining and managing. The data is currently sourced from the Agency's system of inductive loops (MIDAS), Automatic Number-Plate Recognition (ANPR) data from the HA National Traffic Control Centre and Trafficmaster , and ITIS floating vehicle data (FVD). This paper discusses work to date on the data fusion strategy for HATRIS. This has evolved as more sources became available and is based on an analysis of the characteristics of the data. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.


R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. Page III PREDICTION OF CASING HOOK LOADS FOR PLANNED W E L L S ............................... 103 Introduction.............................. 103 Prediction M e t h o d ...........................105 Results and D i s c u s s i o n .................... 107 Conclusions ............................... Ill R e f e r e n c e s ................................. 113 IV BOREHOLE FRICTION FACTOR STUDY USING LABORATORY-SIMULATED DYNAMIC FILTRATION CAKE APPARATUS ................................. 122 Introduction............................... 122 Experiment d e s i g n...........................126 Equipment calibration...................... 131 Results..................................... 132 D i s c u s s i o n ................................. 142 Conclusions and recommendations........... 143 Acknowledgements...........................145 Nomenclature............................... 145 R e f e r e n c e s ................................. 146 A p p e n d i x ................................... 148 V MINIMUM COST CASING DESIGN FOR VERTICAL AND DIRECTIONAL W E L L S ...........................185 Introduction............................... 185 Optimization Model of Casing C o s t ................................... 188 Analysis of the Minimum-Cost Casing in Vertical W e l l s ............. 193 Model of Casing Design in Directional W e l l s ...................... 199 Directional Well Analysis.................. 204 Conclusions................................. 208 Nomenclature............................... 210 R e f e r e n c e s ................................. 214 Appendix A ................................. 215 Appendix B ................................. 220 VI SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS.................... 232 APPENDICES Appendix 1: Permission of Copyright Holder . .2 35


The microstructure, mechanical properties and texture of Al Li Cu (Mn) (Zr) alloys in T8 state were investigated. It was found that they are quite different from their compositions. The processing(T8) has different effects on the alloys, since the elements Mn and Zr playing an important role on recrystallization. It may be concluded that there is a correspondence relationship between the crystalline texture and the mechanical anisotropy. The experimental results also imply that the ductility anisotropy is more serious than that of the strength, and an important method for controlling crystalline texture and mechanical anisotropy is utilizing the element Mn.


Chemists are legitimately distressed by the chemophobia of the public. One of its manifestations (hardly the only one) is the stereotyped presentation of a chemist as an amoral character, having sold his soul to the Devil. The implicit sin is more than Faustian, for the betrayal is not only personal, but that of humanity. Fritz Haber is often this scapegoat. Is this stereotyping deserved? And might we, collectively and individually, do something about it? We approach the issue here by way of an attentive reading of a selection[1] of the literary pieces featuring Haber, whether under his own name or in transparent disguise, and of recent biographies of Haber.


Chapter 3 discusses the role of artists who are invited to curate in public galleries and historical collections with a focus on John Nixon and Rosslynd Piggott. The chapter is supported by extended interviews by Ruth Johnstone with John Nixon in Chapters 4 and 5.


The influence of demographic variables on the problem-solving approach in negotiation has been widely supported in the academic literature, but a majority of these studies have been limited to a single-cultural and/or Western-based context. To expand our understanding of this interrelationship at a cross-cultural level, this study examines gender, age, sales negotiation experience, tenure in the organization, and education level and their impact on the problem-solving behaviors of negotiators from two countries – the United States and Philippines. Our findings showed that none of the demographic variables influenced the problem-solving behaviors of Filipino negotiators. Gender, age and education did not affect American negotiators' problem-solving behaviors. However, a u-shaped effect was found on sales negotiation experience and tenure in the organization for the American sample.


The article deals with problematic issues of economic competitiveness in the context of the EU. Fiscal policy and competitiveness as the world emerges from the global recession, the full extent of the deterioration of fiscal accounts is becoming visible and is raising questions about the consequences for longer-term competitiveness. Upon characterizing the tendencies of economic growth the most often used indicator is GDP per capita. Developing research in a similar direction and characterizing the tendencies of formation of the structure of new socioeconomic indicators to describe economic growth was carried out. In this case GDP per capita (growth) is far from a robust indicator of social welfare (progress)–witness the common substituting phrase "standard of living". Countries with developed economics have much experience with respect to formation of business-friendly tax systems. The tax system (fiscal policy) is one of the most basic economic mechanisms determining the economic development. Finally, it could be shown that the correlation coefficients between the rankings of GCI, HDI and livings standards are high and positive. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.17.2.2172


Due to the merit of stabilization and precision, robot is imported in the surgery operations of abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity etc. In order to strengthen the advantage of the minimally invasive surgical robot, the research is focused on the trajectory planning of the 6-DOF manipulator of the robot. The algorithm of the manipulator trajectory planning is proposed, and the curved track of the manipulator in the surgical procedures is fitted. Based on the algorithm, the curved track of the manipulator is planned using MATLAB. The simulation experiments and error analysis of position and posture show the correctness and feasibility of the algorithm of the manipulator trajectory planning. The theory lays the foundation for the experimental master-slave control of the manipulator.


The dynamics and morphological evolution of deltas and their channel networks involve interactions between many factors, including water and sediment discharge and cohesion from fine sediment and vegetation. These interactions are likely to affect how strongly vegetation influences deltas. Altering water or sediment discharge may affect channel mobility, magnitude of deposition and erosion events, and may result in the delta being less suitable for vegetation colonization. Using the numerical model DeltaRCM Vegetation, we explore how water and sediment discharge affects delta evolution and under which conditions vegetation exerts a stabilizing effect on the channel network. We propose new insights into delta evolution under different discharge conditions. First, we observe a regime shift in avulsion dynamics, driven by delta‐scale water surface slopes, with increasing water discharge: from a few active channels undergoing occasional complete, global avulsions (with low discharge) to many active channels experiencing frequent partial, local avulsions (with high discharge). Second, with vegetation, increased sediment discharge results in more frequent switching of the dominant channels but also prevents vegetation from establishing in non‐dominant channels, resulting in more frequent channel reoccupation and therefore greater stability in channel network planform. These insights have important implications for understanding the distribution of water, sediment, and nutrients on deltas in the face of future changes in climate and human modifications of fluxes of sediment and water to the coast, especially for restored or engineered deltas with controlled water or sediment discharges.


Every field-based study will have its critics because scientists can rarely agree on what constitutes the best approach for analyzing and interpreting data or balancing conflicts in design. Those of us who have sat through countless weekly seminars realize that scientists are remarkably adept at finding fault with others' studies, but surprisingly inept at providing truly fool-proof solutions to perceived problems. Dr. Ash's and Dr. Bruce's critique of our findings is an example of this. Our decisions concerning methods were based on constraints associated with a variety of factors: restrictions on time and labor, the amount of historical data on site conditions, the need to integrate our data with those of other team members, and the difficulty of working in rugged and remote areas in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Armchair critics often assume the


The development of BQS140/340/315 sediment type submersible pump mine the overall structure of the general coal mine sediment with submersible pump impeller short life because,to clarify the BQS series of different impeller structure;discussed pre-mixing pump impeller,the latter ring labyrinth balance drum,double mechanical seal shaft seal,high-performance induction motor and other parts of explosion-proof structure and advantages;presentation of the test pump performance curves and applications.


The last time, we discussed three key areas of interest to all of us: leadership, quality and developments in technology. The session on sharing best practice was really an eye-opener where we discovered many innovations that each VC had initiated to address issues of access, equity, costs and quality. While we will touch on all these themes, our focus this time will be on Leadership for the future of ODL.


The Improvement of automation technology and its application in drilling rig have increased the drilling rig safety and efficiency. The petroleum drilling rig in China has been increasing as China is the fourth-leading oil producer in the oil and gas industry. However, there is a low percentage of automation equipment and the automatic catwalk still remains at the traditional stage compared to other countries. This paper introduced the present situation of the domestic well drilling rig, automatic catwalk technologies and the development trend is summarized.


Since urban migration is increasing in the Third World, researchers must turn their efforts toward finding solutions to the many associated problems for families.


This project targets the problems with design and implementation of Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) architectures in System-on-Chip (SoC), with the goal to construct a reconfigurable framew ...


A method and system for managing energy consumption and the performance of computer systems are described herein. The method includes monitoring a total energy consumption of the computer systems to determine whether the total power consumption is above or below an overall power consumption limit, and monitoring a power of each computer system to determine whether the power is within a performance tolerance. The method further includes adjusting the power consumption limits for the computer systems, or services of computer systems so that the total power consumption is less than the total power consumption limit and the performance of each computing system is within the power tolerance.


Objectives. To investigate whether lifestyle-only intervention in obese children who maintain or lose a modest amount of weight redistributes parameters of body composition and reverses metabolic abnormalities. Study Design. Clinical, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters were assessed in 111 overweight or obese children (CA of 11.3 ± 2.8 years; 63 females and 48 males), during 8 months of lifestyle intervention. Patients maintained or lost weight (1–5%) (group A; n: 72) or gained weight (group B). Results. Group A patients presented with a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ( and , resp.), BMI (), z-score BMI (), waist circumference (), fat mass (), LDL-C (), Tg/HDL-C ratio (), fasting and postprandial insulin (), and HOMA (), while HDL-C () and QUICKI increased (). Conversely, group B patients had an increase in BMI (), waist circumference (), SBP (), and in QUICKI (), while fat mass (), fasting insulin (), and HOMA () decreased. Lean mass, DBP, lipid concentrations, fasting and postprandial glucose, postprandial insulin, and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) remained stable. Conclusions. Obese children who maintain or lose a modest amount of weight following lifestyle-only intervention tend to redistribute their body fat, decrease blood pressure and lipid levels, and to improve parameters of insulin sensitivity.


A comprehensive set of beam diagnostics is key to the successful operation and optimization of essentially any accelerator. The oPAC project received 6 M€ of funding within the EU's 7th Framework Programme. This has allowed to successfully train 23 Fellows since 2011. The network joins more than 40 institutions from all around the world, including research centers, universities and private companies. One of the project's largest work packages covers research in beam diagnostics. This includes advanced instrumentation for synchrotron light sources and medical accelerators, enhanced beam loss monitoring technologies, ultra-low emittance beam size diagnostics, diagnostics for high intensity beams, as well as the development of electronics for beam position monitors. This paper presents an overview of the research outcomes from the diagnostics work package and the demonstrated performance of each monitor. It also shows how collaborative research helps achieving beyond state-of-theart solutions and acts as an ideal basis for researcher training. Finally, an overview of the scientific events the network has been organizing for the wider accelerator community is given.


Rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP), which combines lasers and electric fields, now can be used to separate microorganisms from one another on a nanoscale basis and, thus, could provide lab-on-chip systems for screening mixtures of microorganisms, according to mechanical engineer Steven T. Wereley from Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind., and his collaborators there and at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tenn. Details appear in the December 2012 Lab on a Chip (12:4955–4959; doi: 10.1039/c2lc40662d).


Abstract Yellow perch Perca flavescens recruitment in Crystal Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin, has declined since the exotic rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax increased in abundance. The yellow perch population is in decline because of low juvenile survival. However, diet analyses indicate that predation by adult smelt does not appear to be the cause. We investigated interactions between age-0 yellow perch and age-0 rainbow smelt by comparing changes in abundance and distributions, maximum mouth gapes, and the amount and type of prey eaten. During 1995 and 1996, age-0 smelt and perch hatched at similar times, had similar spatial distributions, and preferred similar prey. Diet overlap exceeded 45% on all sampling dates during the spring and summer of 1995 and 1996 and exceeded 60% on all but the first and last sampling dates in 1996. Two species of Diaptomus were the preferred prey of both smelt and perch, although smelt ate more of the larger size-classes than did perch throughout 1996. Consumption by smelt may ...


Based on studying Gadamer's Truth and method,this paper centers on unearthing Gadamer's pre-seeing theory in his Hermeneutics,and points out that pre-understanding is indispenasable to understanding,succeeds to individual and history and cant's be rejected by individuals.Pre-understanding is just the state of pre-seeing which is the result of history,historical existence of self constitution and the basis of all understanding.Pre-seeing has its own status in understanding,expands understanding,and serves as the key to opening the Hermeneutics circle.


Some researchers on the sustainable development of car in china big city are carried on from city development,transportation development mode and resident consumption aspects. It puts forward that city should clear car stage target,control car quantity in a right scale by limiting car increased speed,which has much significance to keep the car in a sustainable development.


This study aims to analyze and examine the effect of knowledge competence and skillcompetence on the performance and career development of administrative staff at SMK Negeriin Bondowoso Regency. The type of this research is survey research, namely research usingexplanation (explanatory) or confirmatory (confirmatory) to explain the influence betweenvariables or causal relationship between variables through hypothesis testing. The population inthis study were 63 people. The sampling technique is the census technique, so the number ofsamples used is 63 respondents. The data analysis method used is path analysis. The results ofthis study can be concluded that the competence of knowledge and competence of skills have asignificant effect on the performance of administrative staff. These results also state thatknowledge competence and skill competence have a significant effect on career development ofadministrative staff in State Vocational Schools throughout Bondowoso Regency.Keywords: Knowledge Competence, Skill Competence, Performance, Career Development


The purpose of this study was to examine whether perceived social support was associated with self-efficacy for health promoting behaviors and whether self-efficacy for health promoting behaviors predicts academic success for college students. Gender differences in perceived social support were also examined. Participants were undergraduate students at a large public university in the Southeast enrolled in an introductory psychology course. Data collection was completed through the use of a demographic form the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-College Version (Cohen Mermelstein Kamarck & Hoberman 1985) The Self-Reported Abilities for Health Practices Scale (Becker Stuifbergen Oh & Hall 1993) and the acquisition of participants' college GPA from official university records. Perceived social support was found to have a significant positive association with self-efficacy for health promoting behaviors. Significant positive associations accounting for at least 10% of the variance in the dependent variable were found between the total score of perceived social support and the mean composite score of self-efficacy for health promoting behaviors perceived belonging support and self-efficacy for exercise perceived appraisal support and self-efficacy for psychological well-being and perceived appraisal support and self-efficacy for responsible health practices. Gender differences in perceived social support were also found with females reporting greater perceived social support. Females reported greater perceived appraisal tangible belonging and self-esteem support. No relationship was found in this study between self-efficacy for health promoting behaviors and academic success. The results from this study may be useful to college students looking to improve their health and for health professionals working to promote health in the college student population. Choosing a social support intervention is likely to increase self-efficacy for health promoting behaviors which have been linked to their actual implementation (Von Ah Ebert Ngamvitroj Park & Duck-Hee 2004).


Fas ligand (FasL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family cytokines and induces apoptosis by binding to its receptor, Fas. FasL is predominantly expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and activated T lymphocytes, and also constitutively expressed in immune-privileged sites such as the eye and testis (Nagata, 1997). In human, FasL-mediated cell death has a crucial role in the regulation of lymphocyte homeostasis, and the immune response to viruses and tumor cells; its deregulation is associated with the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases (Nagata, 1997) and immunodeficiency caused by virus infection (Geleziunas et al., 2001). Similarly, it is reported that various tumors expressing FasL constitutively are proposed to counterattack the cytotoxic lymphocytes and consequently evade specific immune surveillance (Strand et al., 1996). Further, an elevated level of the soluble-formed FasL which may cause systemic tissue damage has been observed in sera of the patients with large granular lymphocytic leukemia and NK cell lymphoma (Tanaka et al., 1996). Analysis of the FasL gene in immune-mediated diseases, immunodeficiency and malignant tumors will provide a clue to the etiology and molecular pathogenesis, and may have prognostic and therapeutic implications. In cats, apoptosis has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases (Center, 1999), viral diseases (Ohno et al., 1993; Rojko et al., 1996) and malignant tumors (Anilkumar et al., 1994). In order to provide basic cytogenetic information on the FasL gene in the cat, we regionally assigned the feline FasL gene (TNFSF6) to chromosome F1q12→q13 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Interestingly, monosomy and deletion of feline chromosome F1 were observed in feline leukemia virus-positive and negative lymphomas (Gulino, 1992), and a large marker chromosome F1 was detected in a cat with fibrosarcoma (Mayr et al., 1996). Therefore the present data will help to investigate molecular pathogenesis of apoptosis-related diseases in cats and also to understand comparative cytogenetics. Since the human FASL was mapped on 1q23 (Takahashi et al., 1994), the feline FasL is the first gene locus proving conservation of synteny between the feline chromosome F1 and the long arm of human chromosome 1 (O'Brien et al., 1997).


Interface models are well established and frequently applied in material science. Classical non‐coherent interface models such as cohesive zone models are described by a Helmholtz energy depending on the displacement jump. The extension to thermodynamically consistent combination of classical non‐coherent cohesive zone models with surface elasticity is still relatively new, cf. [1] and [2]. These models depend on the displacement jump as well as on the surface deformation gradient. In this contribution the impact of higher‐order surface gradients is investigated.


Network traffic is nonlinear and nonsmooth, so it is difficult to accurately predict long-term traffic. To improve the accuracy of network traffic prediction, this paper proposes a WP-depth Gaussian network traffic prediction model using the wavelet denoising method and deep Gaussian process. Firstly, the traffic sequences containing noisy signals are decomposed using wavelet basis functions, and the high-frequency signal sequences are thresholded to remove the noise. In addition, the denoised signal sequence is output through the inverse wavelet transform to complete the noise reduction of the data. Finally, the variational inference is introduced in the posterior inference. The posterior probabilities are optimized by using a deep Gaussian process to obtain the optimal hyperparameters of the kernel functions of each layer. While completing the uncertainty measurement of the predicted values, the network traffic prediction results with high accuracy are given. Finally, BP neural network, LSTM neural network, and ARIMA time prediction model are constructed as comparison models. In this experiment, three error analysis metrics, MAPE, MAE, and RMSE, are used to describe the prediction effects of the four models. The experiments show that the three prediction error ratings of the WP-Depth Gaussian prediction model are smaller than the error metrics of the other three models, and have sound prediction effect. It shows that the Deep Gaussian prediction model combined with wavelet denoising is reasonable and feasible for network traffic prediction.


Objective
To explore the approaches of porcine bladder smooth muscle cells separation, culture, proliferation and identification in vitro, and provide evidence for tissue engineering bladder establishment.

Methods
The bladder were obtained from 4 Diannan small eared pigs, and the bladder smooth muscle cells were isolated by trypsin digestion and cultured by DMEM/F12 medium. Cell growth and proliferation were observed, and the bladder smooth muscle cells were identified by immunohistochemical staining.

Results
The cells cultured in vitro appeared confluent and were in long shuttle form with the typical morphology of "valley and peak" . These cells were in accord with the morphological characteristics of smooth muscle cells by HE staining, and they were positive for smooth muscle actin staining.

Conclusions
Smooth muscle cells of the porcine bladder are available through this approach which can be used in the construction of tissue engineered bladder.

Key words:
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Urinary Bladder; Swine; In Vitro Techniques


The third-derivative saturation absorption spectrum (SAS) of cesium D2 line is demonstrated via the third-harmonic technique by applying the frequency modulation to an external AOM (acousto-optical modulator). By employing the frequency discrimination of the third-derivative SAS, frequency of DBR diode laser at 852nm is locked to the hyperfine component of cesium 6S1/2F = 4 ? 6P3/2F' = 4,5 . Frequency jitter of less than in 10 seconds is estimated based on the error signal after locking in the preliminary stabilization.


This research was performed in order to determine the incidence of academic factors and their influence on students learning motivation from the tenth year of basic education at the Sacred Hearts Institute of Guayaquil.

Students that face their first decision towards to choose an academic program that meets the expectations and demands required by a society that demands more and more personal and academic competitions reflected in leadership actions. A methodology was used with a critical-purpose in order to clarify doubts about the reality of academic factors that are affecting the learning motivation in students, it is concerned the low motivational level as a result of the accurate technical survey of data-info collection…..


This article uses the well-known popular song My Funny Valentine and a particular recording of it by Miles Davis as the basis for an analysis of some psychological processes in musical improvisation and composition. It develops four main themes, including the ways in which improvising musicians are able to completely reinterpret the structure of a piece, and examines the implications of this for education and musical creativity. It also explores some of the processes underlying improvisation and assesses their educational implications.


The ability to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into cardiomyocytes (CMs) makes them an attractive source for repairing injured myocardium, disease modeling, and drug testing. Although current differentiation protocols yield hPSC-CMs to >90% efficiency, hPSC-CMs exhibit immature characteristics. With the goal of overcoming this limitation, we tested the effects of varying passive stretch on engineered heart muscle (EHM) structural and functional maturation, guided by computational modeling. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs, H7 line) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (IMR-90 line) were differentiated to hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) in vitro using a small molecule based protocol. hPSC-CMs were characterized by troponin 1 flow cytometry as well as electrophysiological measurements. Afterwards, 1.2 3 10 6 hPSC-CMs were mixed with 0.4 3 10 6 human fibroblasts (IMR-90 line) (3:1 ratio) and type-I collagen. The blend was cast into custom-made 12-mm long polydimethylsiloxane reservoirs to vary nominal passive stretch of EHMs to 5, 7, or 9 mm. EHM characteristics were monitored for up to 50 days, with EHMs having a passive stretch of 7 mm giving the most consistent formation. Based on our initial macroscopic observations of EHM formation, we created a computational model that predicts the stress distribution throughout EHMs, which is a function of cellular composition, cellular ratio, and geometry. Based on this predictive modeling, we show cell alignment by immunohistochemistry and coordinated calcium waves by calcium imaging. Furthermore, coordinated calcium waves and mechanical contractions were apparent throughout entire EHMs. The stiffness and active forces of hPSC-derived EHMs are comparable with rat neonatal cardiomyocyte-derived EHMs. Three-dimensional EHMs display increased expression of mature cardiomyocyte genes including sarcomeric protein troponin-T, calcium and potassium ion channels, b-adrenergic receptors, and t-tubule protein caveolin-3. Passive stretch affects the structural and functional maturation of EHMs. Based on our predictive computational modeling, we show how to optimize cell alignment and calcium dynamics within EHMs. These findings provide a basis for the rational design of EHMs, which enables future scale-up productions for clinical use in cardiovascular tissue engineering. STEM CELLS 2017; 00:000–000 SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The ability to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into cardiomyocytes (CMs) makes them an attractive source for repairing injured myocardium, disease modeling, and drug testing. Although current differentiation protocols yield hPSC-CMs to over ninety percent, hPSC-CMs exhibit immature characteristics. With the goal of overcoming this limitation, we tested the effects of varying passive stretch on engineered heart muscle (EHM) structure and function. Guided by experimental observations and predictive computational modeling, we show how EHM maturation can be tuned. We believe these findings are significant as it provides a basis for the rationale design and scale-up of EHMs. Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bio-X Program, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Heart Research Center, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, G€ ottingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, G€ ottingen, Germany; Center for Biomedicine and Genetics; Center for Applied Technology Development, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA *Contributed equally. Correspondence to: Joseph C.Wu, M.D., Ph.D., 265 Campus Drive, Room G1120B, Stanford, California 94305-5454, USA. Telephone: 650-736-2246; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; or Oscar J. Abilez, M.D., Ph.D., 265 Campus Drive, Room G1120B, Stanford, California 94305-5454, USA. e-mail: email@example.com Received October 5, 2015; accepted for publication October 23, 2017; first published online in STEM CELLS EXPRESS October 31, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1002/stem.2732 STEM CELLS 2017;00:00–00 www.StemCells.com VC AlphaMed Press 2017 REGENERATIVE MEDICINE


Experimental procedures and a versatile circuit board designed for testing fully-differential CMOS OTAs are presented. The techniques can be used to measure most DC and AC parameters of an OTA. The approach used leads to guidelines for OTA design.


Objective: To explore the effect and nursing care of chrono-chemotherapy on alleviating side-effects of postoperative patients with colorectal cancer.Methods: 67 cases of postoperative patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into treatment group(chrono-chemotherapy)and control group(routine-chemotherapy),32 cases in treatment group and 35 cases in contrd group,and observed side-effects.Results: The main toxic and side-effects of treatment group including nausea,vomiting,diarrhea and myelosuppression,were significantly less than that of control group.There was statistical significance between the two groups. Conclusions: Chrono-chemotherapy can reduce adverse reaction of postoperative chemotherapy on colon carcinoma,which is well worth popularizing.


The longevity of the smoky-brown cockroach, Periplaneta juliginosa {Serville) which fed on their own feces or dried carcasses was remarkably short compared to those fed on mouse foods under the laboratory condition. The cockroaches were reluctant to feed on their feces or dried carcasses. When two kinds of food materials were placed separately in a p]astic arena, the cockroaches preferred mouse foods to feces or carcasses, and no remarkable difference was found in consumptions between feces and carcasses, When dried feces, dried carcasses (both of the cockroaches), and mouse food in each of three small aluminum cups were placed'side by $ide in the plastic arena, the cockroaches ate the mouse food most, followed by dried carcasses, and they did not eat their own feces. Comparing food preference among four kinds of insect's feces: the smoky-brown cockroach, the silkworm, Bombyx mori Linne the common cutworm, SPodoPtera titura Fabricius and the drug store beetle, Stqgobium Paniceum Fabricius the cockroaches selected silkworm feces most, then the drug store beetle's feces; they did not consume their own feces or the feces of the common cutworm. In the case of ideal food absence, the cockroaches showed cannibalism. The results demonstrate that feces or dried carcasses of the cockroaches may not be suitable food for the smoky-brown cockroaches.


Abstract This study investigated co-morbidity of problem gambling and problematic Internet use (PIU) among adolescent Internet and land-based gamblers, with the classic approach using sum-scores of symptoms and a promising new method, namely the network perspective. This perspective allows testing for how multiple disorders are associated, showing symptoms overlap and centralities. We used cross-sectional data from two population-based samples of adolescents aged 17 years in France (n = 2,240) and Switzerland (n = 944). Measures included Internet gambling, problem gambling and PIU. The classic approach showed that Internet gambling was associated with increased levels of disordered gambling and PIU, but that correlations between disorders were weak (R2 min = 3.2%, R2 max = 17.6%). The network perspective showed that the co-morbid network of Internet gamblers was more connected in comparison with land-based gamblers. Problem gambling and PIU appeared as separate disorders, but their relationship was increased among Internet gamblers in comparison with land-based gamblers. The network perspective appeared as a promising avenue for a better understanding of addictive disorders, but it should not replace the classic approach, which showed increased levels of addictive behaviours among Internet gamblers.