Objective The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the association of ventriculomegaly in CNS anomaly and to study the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of ventriculomegaly in predicting CNS anomaly. We have also tried to compare predictive value of ventriculomegaly in predicting CNS anomaly to Cardiac axis deviation in predicting cardiac anomaly. Methods This is a retrospective study of all cases of CNS anomalies presenting in a tertiary Fetal medicine centre between 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019 (5 Years). Inclusion Criteria: All cases of CNS anomalies with or without Ventriculomegaly with Gestational age (GA) more than 14 weeks. Exclusion Criteria: All cases of Open neural tube defects were excluded from the study. Cases were reviewed for GA at presentation, size of both Lateral Ventricles, other CNS findings and extra CNS structural anomalies. Detailed ultrasound examination with fetal echocardiography and fetal neuro-sonogram (TAS or preferably TVS whenever the presentation was cephalic) was done to exclude other structural abnormalities associated with ventriculomegaly. Invasive testing whenever done either Antenatal or postnatal/Postabortal was reviewed. Ventricle size upto 7.0 mm was considered normal, size from 7.1 to 10.0 mm was considered as prominent ventricle, 10.1 to 14.9 mm was considered as mild ventriculomegaly and ≥ 15 mm was considered as severe ventriculomegaly. The cases were classified in 4 groups as follows: Group I: Isolated Ventriculomegaly: Cases with no other CNS or extra-CNS findings other than Ventriculomegaly were included in this group, Group II: Ventriculomegaly with CNS Anomalies only, Group III: ventriculomegaly with extra-CNS Anomalies only, and Group IV: ventriculomegaly with CNS + extra-CNS Anomalies.


Flow separation control over a wall-mounted hump model was studied experimentally to assess the performance of fluidic oscillators (sweeping jet actuators). An array of fluidic oscillators was used to control flow separation. The results showed that the fluidic oscillators were able to achieve substantial control over the separated flow by increasing the upstream suction pressure and downstream pressure recovery. Using the data available in the literature, the performance of the fluidic oscillators was compared to other active flow control (AFC) methods such as steady blowing, steady suction, and zero-net-mass-flux (ZNMF) actuators. Several integral parameters, such as the inviscid flow comparison coefficient, pressure drag coefficient, and modified normal force coefficient, were used as quality metrics in the performance comparison of the AFC methods. These quality metrics indicated the superiority of the steady suction method, especially at lower excitation amplitudes that is followed by the fluidic oscillators, steady blowing, and the ZNMF actuators, respectively. An aerodynamic figure of merit (AFM) was also constructed using the integral parameters and AFC power usage. The AFM results revealed that, for this study, steady suction was the most efficient AFC method at lower excitation amplitudes. The steady suction loses its efficiency as the excitation amplitude increases, and the fluidic oscillators become the most efficient AFC method. Both the steady suction and the fluidic oscillators have an AFM > 1 for the range tested in this study, indicating that they provide a net benefit when the AFC power consumption is also considered. On the other hand, both the steady blowing and ZNMF actuators were found to be inefficient AFC methods (AFM < 1) for the current configuration. Although they improved the flow field by controlling flow separation, the power requirement was more than their benefit.


Through literature and logic analysis,it explained that "energy flow" is not a demonstration sport in the body by balance-imbalance-balance in the cycle by the application of modern science to the theory of dissipative structures.Instead,which is a stability-lose steady-new steady cycle of the process.It analyzed that the dissipative structure and the balance from the structure and super doctrine to adapt and its doctrine with respect to the balance and steady expansion.The study aimed at improving the overall efficiency of sports,youth athletics and physical training standards.


Since 2000, Ifremer has been developing a Fisheries Information System (FIS) in close collaboration with the DPMA (Director of Fisheries and Aquaculture of the French Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries). The FIS aims to build an operational and multidisciplinary monitoring network for scientific purposes, allowing a comprehensive view of fishery systems including their biological, technical, environmental, and economic components. The objectives of the FIS are (i) to provide specifications and methodologies for the collection, storage, and processing of fisheries data, with the aim of harmonizing all these procedures on a national scale, (ii) to improve data management systems and access to data for a wider public, and (iii) to produce and distribute relevant datasets, indicators, and synthesis, for understanding and evaluation, including bioeconomic diagnostics of fisheries, and assessment of the short- and long-term impacts of fishery management scenario and measures. The FIS covers all the French fisheries, including overseas territories and small-scale fisheries, for which data are often hardly available or missing. Two-thirds of the French vessels are less than 12 m long. The challenge was to establish a statistical and integrated approach supporting bio-ecological and economic issues. A wide range types of data, including acoustic surveys, biological in situ observations, environmental observations, as well as fishing statistics (landings and efforts) and economic data, are managed in a single data management system, based on an integrated relational database with geographical facilities.


Digital image compression is an important technique in digital image processing. To improve its performance, we attempt to speed up the design process and achieve the highest compression ratio where possible. For speed improvement, we used a fast Kohonen self-organizing neural network algorithm to achieve big saving in codebook construction time. For compression purpose, we propose a new approach, called fast transformed vector quantization (FTVQ), by combining together the features of speed improvement, transform coding and vector quantization. We use several experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of this FTVQ approach.


According to the statistical report of the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, the prevalence of the cystic disease in four langur species (Trachypithecus hatinhensis, T. delacouri, Pygathrix nemaeus, P. cinerea) was on average 63.4% (N=41). Of which, five individuals were confirmed to be infected with Echinococcus ortleppi. To clarify the transmission route of infection in primates, we investigated the prevalence of intestinal helminths in leaves, the food for these primate species and in dog fecal samples collected in the surrounding areas of the center. Only Ancylostoma spp. and Isospora spp. were detected in leaves samples, with the infection rate of 7.07% and 1.01% respectively. In addition, survey on 156 dog feces samples showed that the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was quite high (73.55%). However, Echinococcus eggs still remained undetected.


The Chigo Daishi owned by Shizuoka City Serizawa Keisuke Art Museum, was probably painted in the 15th century. It presents an excellent image with the appearance of a child, intermingling innocence and sanctity. Worship of doji increased dramatically in the medieval period (12th-15th centuries). In several examples from the period, Kobo Daishi Kukai is depicted in the form of a child. The image represents the nightly discussions Kukai had with various Buddhas in his dreams. About ten Chigo Daishi paintings now exist. They depict the child seated in prayer on a lotus flower. In the medieval period, children were thought to exist in a liminal area between the sacred and mundane realms and were considered to be closer than adults to the sacred realm of Buddhist deities and Japanese kami. Children later became objects of protection and love in the modern period. The form of the circle in an empty background and the lotus seat signify the Buddha's purity, while the position of both hands signifies humbleness. In the dual nature of the Chigo Daishi, We can see that worship of doji was changing. Tohoku Fukushi University Serizawa Keisuke Art and Craft Museum Annual Report Vol.1 (2009) る」と述べており、こうした見解が大方の首肯するところで あろう。 ところで、稚児大師像の多くが制作された鎌倉・室町時代 は、孝養太子や南無仏太子をはじめ、稚児文殊、若宮神といっ た童子形の尊像が流行し、やがて世俗の絵画の中に子供の肖 像画が登場した時期に当たる。中世においては、子供は象徴 的な意味において神仏に近い存在と見做され、子供を神聖視 する童子信仰が存在した。稚児大師像には、実在した人物と して空海を捉えようとする視点と同時に、童子信仰が強く反 映していると考えられ、中世の童子形像の展開を考えるうえ で非常に興味深い主題といえる。 静岡市立芹沢銈介美術館所蔵「稚児大師」(以下、芹沢美術 館本)は、これまで注目されることのなかった画像である が 、15世紀に遡るとみられる稚児大師像の佳品である。こ の度、平成21年4月8日から6月23日にかけて東北福祉大 学芹沢銈介美術工芸館で開催された開館20周年特別展「芹 沢銈介コレクション―日本の絵画」に出陳されたことに因み、 ここに「芹沢美術館本」の紹介を行い、中世の童子形像の展開 における稚児大師像の位置づけについて、若干の考察を試み たいと思う。


Background: Global malaria control efforts are based on 2 broad components: vector control and improved diagnosis and treatment of patients with clinical malaria. Until recently, conventional diagnosis of malaria has been based on either clinical diagnosis or use of microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears. The microscopic detection of blood though considered the gold standard for malaria diagnosis, it is quite laborious and require adequate technical skill and man power. This had urged the development of other microscopic malarial and rapid detection test based on the detection of malarial parasite antigen in the blood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate results of Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and to corroborate the results with microscopy. Material and Method: This study targeted 10,310 units of donor blood, which were screened for malaria by RDT during the period of February, 2017 to April, 2018 at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital and Blood Transfusion Centre, R D Gardi Medical College, Ujjain. Peripheral smears were analyzed to confirm the malaria parasite. Result: Nineteen (0.18%) donors were found to be malaria antigen positive, of which only three (15.8%) were confirmed by microscopy. None of the donor had given a history of fever/malaria during pre-donation screening. Seasonal variations were observed. Conclusion: Although RDT is an important tool for malaria testing in rural settings, we suggest the diagnosis must be confirmed with microscopy method. RDTs can be an important tool for malaria testing, peripheral smear microscopy continues to be the gold standard diagnostic test for malaria diagnosis.RDT can be an important tool for malaria testing, peripheral smear microscopy continues to be the gold standard diagnostic test for malaria diagnosis.


The invention discloses an exoskeleton disabled aiding robot inflatable pressure transducer, comprising an inflatable shoe pad, a gas pressure transducer, a signal collection board, a CAN bus, a host computer and a power supply module. The inflatable shoe pad is composed of a shoe pad hollow gas cavity, a gas pipe and a gas pipe interface; the gas pipe is connected to the rear portion of the hollow gas cavity through the gas pipe interface; the gas pressure transducer comprises an integrated signal conditioning chip and a pressure sensitive device; the signal collection board comprises a CAN driving module and a main controller; the main controller is internally provided with a digital-to-analogue conversion module. The exoskeleton disabled aiding robot inflatable pressure transducer has the advantages of strong adaptability, high reliability, and great anti-interference capability; the inflatable shoe pad is employed as a human body sole pressure transducer, a measured pressure value is the whole sole pressure, and the measurement reliability and accuracy are higher; the exoskeleton disabled aiding robot inflatable pressure transducer can improve wearer adaptability to the transducer, reduce outside electromagnetic interference on a transducer circuit, and rapidly complete tasks such as signal collection and CAN communication.


In this paper, we demonstrate the design and development of an aircraft type portable autonomous drone suitable for agricultural applications. The portable drone consists of six separate parts that are easily installable within just ten minutes. Moreover, these parts can be fit inside a portable box allowing easy portability. We have integrated a high definition camera with the drone to transmit real-time video of any desired crop's field to the ground control station. To scare the birds and to announce emergency to the farmers, we have installed a loud speaker with the bird-shaped drone. The drone can fly under different altitude varying from 10 to 200 meters. The maximum cruise speed of the drone is 60 kilometers/hour, whereas the maximum endurance time is ~ 30 minutes. The drone can carry ~ 1.4 kilograms of payload (e.g. seeds) and deliver to the farmers when required. The agricultural drone has Return Home feature for autonomous return to the ground control station when its battery voltage reduces down to a certain level or any communication failure is detected. The drone will not only monitor the possible threats of the agricultural fields including diseases and harms caused by birds or other animals but also supply light weight emergency goods to the farmers.


Abstract : In the normal course of things it is modern commentators that critique their predecessors. In the following pages I will turn this idea on its head by critically reviewing the strategic thought of Bernard Brodie (1910-1978) using the strategist thought of Carl von Clausewitz (1710-1831) as the basis for my critique . Specifically, I propose to compare their thought using four major criteria as a framework. These criteria include what is war; why employ military power; when, or under what conditions should military power by employed; and how should military power be used. To put this effort in proper perspective it is necessary first to say a few words about the lives and times of these two military thinkers. Clausewitz lived his life over a hundred years before the advent of nuclear weapons. he was a professional military officer for most of his life. He knew war at first hand. Brodie, by contrast, was an academic. He never wore a uniform nor did he know from direct personnel experience about the horrors of war. He was, however, associated throughout his life with military institutions. He was, in fact, a member of the faculty that opened the National War College in 1946.


The parallelization and validation of an MHD code, that was developed for the simulation of propulsive plasma flows, are described. The physical model, along with the initial and boundary conditions imposed on the numerical solver are described. A discussion of the code structure, and a description of how it works in a parallel computing environment, are included. The results of the simulation are compared with experimental measurements in a self-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster (MPDT). The simulation depicted a number of salient features of the flowfield. With 11 processors, the parallel code obtained the converged solution 7.5 times faster than the earlier serial code. Nomenclature ρ Total mass density u Velocity of the fluid B Magnetic induction p, p̄ Gas pressure, isotropic pressure tensor B̄M Maxwell stress tensor E Electric field strength E′ Electric field seen by the plasma Ēres Resistive diffusion tensor E Energy density of the plasma j Current density kB Boltzmann's constant k̄th Thermal conductivity tensor ke,i Electron/ion thermal conduction coefficient me Mass of an electron ne Electron number density Th, Te Heavy species/electron temperature η Resistivity


This study evaluated calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) and a combination of plant extracts ('natural product'; clove, cinnamon, and saponin; 1:1:1 ratio) as acaricidal control mechanisms for poultry red mites. Red mite susceptibility was evaluated after treatments with 10% slaked lime, 20% slaked lime, and 1% natural product. The duration of the acaricidal effect was also tested at 0, 10, 30, and 60 min after treatment using 20% slaked lime, 1% natural product, or a mixture of both. In the in vitro experiment, the slaked lime treatments were 73.2% (10% slaked lime) and 85.1% (20% slaked lime) effective on red mites. In acaricidal effect of control materials over times, with 20% slaked lime, the acaricidal effect decreased to 50.7% after 30 min, and 12.7% after 60 min (P<0.05). With 1% natural product, there was no acaricidal effect after 30 min (P<0.05). With 20% slaked lime +1% natural product, all of poultry red mites died until 30 min, and 92.9% after 60 min (P<0.05). On the farm, poultry red mites were observed that the number of poultry red mites increased 7,923 from 36 to 45 weeks, but then decreased to 483 after 20% slaked lime plus 1% natural product treatment. These results indicate that combining slaked lime and plant extracts effectively control poultry red mites. (


The invention, which is suitable for the technical field of the internet of things, provides a system and method for controlling multiple sockets based on wireless internet control. The system consists of an intelligent terminal, a cloud service terminal, a wireless internet, a wireless gateway, a main socket and a plurality of several sub sockets. The main socket includes a WIFI module and a wireless communication module; and the multiple several sub sockets include wireless communication modules. The intelligent terminal carries out communication with the cloud service terminal by the wireless internet; the cloud service terminal carries out communication with the wireless gateway by the wireless internet; the wireless gateway carries out communication with the main socket by the WIFI module; and the wireless communication modules of the multiple sub sockets and the wireless communication module of the main socket are connected in a pairing mode. According to the invention, the intelligent terminal controls the main socket and the multiple sub sockets by the wireless internet to form a large socket network based on the wireless communication modules, so that the on-off information and control states of the sockets can be obtained anytime and anywhere. Because the sub sockets only have the wireless communication modules, the networking cost is lowered.


Objective To investigate the relation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and angiotensin (AT Ⅰ,Ⅱ) receptors in early stage with renal lesions induced by doxorubicin.Methods Wistar male young rats of 4-week old were nephrectomized on their left kidneys and injected with doxorubicin intraperitoneally,detecting NF-κB,mRNA and AT Ⅰ,AT Ⅱ expression by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results Along with disease aggravation the NF-κB and AT Ⅰ,AT Ⅱ express increased markedly,while the treated group had their expression decreased to some extent.Conclusion NF-κB,AT Ⅰ,AT Ⅱ play a mediation role in doxorubicin-induced renal lesion.


Scholarly writing has traditionally been presented in a conservative and perhaps indirect style, with the passive voice predominating. Many years ago, as a young scientist and author, I was impressed by the following passage: "I herewith ask all your scientists to renounce the false modesty of previous generations of scientists. Do not be afraid to name the agent of the action in a sentence, even when it is 'I' or 'we'. Once you get into the habit of saying 'I found', you will also find that you have a tendency to write 'S. aureus produced lactate' rather than 'lactate was produced by S. aureus.'" (quoted from the 1st edition of the book, now in its 9th edition, which I commend to readers and authors). As a gatekeeper of science and an agent of readers, I edit to our Journal style, which is to personalize science, give credit where it is due, and improve readability. Especially in multi-center studies, it is important to be clear about who did what when. The use of "this," as in "this study" can be ambiguous. Are the authors referring to their present report, or to the study in the just-cited reference? Why not specify "our study"? If you conducted 2 related studies, then refer to them by date. Names are not usually included in text but, for clarity, they may be needed to identify which author conducted which component of the study (e.g., the pathologists who read the slides). Following the entreaty above to use the active voice and to personalize, I also edit to avoid anthropomorphization. Studies do not find anything; authors or researchers do. Reports, studies, findings, or tables are not animate entities, and they cannot analyze, show, demonstrate, or reveal results. More correctly, the author(s) took these actions: "We analyzed . . .", "We found . . .", etc. (Table 1). Who might feel uncomfortable with the JVDI personalization style? Possibly gift and guest authors (e.g., senior staff who have added, or who have had added, their names automatically to author lists without actually being involved directly in the study). The JVDI Instructions for authors (https://journals.sagepub.com/author-instructions/VDI) are clear regarding authorship versus acknowledgment: ". . . Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content.. . . Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research group alone does not constitute authorship, although all contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in the Acknowledgments section." We also often deal with claims of primacy, as in "first reports." Although authors may believe that theirs is the first report of a finding, it may have been reported elsewhere in an obscure site, and we prefer to let history decide. Rather than: "This is the first report of disease X in ...., to the best of our knowledge", I edit to: "Disease X has not been reported previously in ...., to our knowledge." Then, as pointed out recently by one of our reviewers, "to our knowledge" requires substantiation. This statement may be brief in the Abstract but must be expanded further in the text (e.g., "We found no cases of disease X in a search of Google, PubMed, CAB Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus, using the search terms '. . ..', suggesting that no descriptions of this condition have been reported in [species]."). Although it may be gratifying to be the first to publish a finding, it can equally be embarrassing when this claim is disputed in a letter to the editor. As a SAGE publication, JVDI has access to the iThenticate program to screen manuscripts for plagiarism, and hence the correct attribution of statements. However, manuscript evaluation is becoming even more challenging in the age of artificial intelligence; with ever-more-evolved chatbots, such as ChatGPT, it may be increasingly difficult to determine authorship and hence personalization—who did 1162380 VDIXXX10.1177/10406387231162380Short TitleMaxie editorial2023


In this paper we generalize and sharpen certain facts concerning a variety of groups generated by one of its finitely generated groups. We show that the - products of any set of nontrivial groups are distinct for distinct "distributions of brackets". The proof rests on the construction and properties of verbal wreath products of groups.


The early novels of Charlotte Smith (1749-1806) were precursors of the gothic fiction that came to dominate the Romantic period. This text, one of her later novels, is more political in nature and influenced the form and substance of works by Austen and Dickens.


We showed that skeletal muscles did not decrease regardless of rapid (R) or slow (S) body mass (BM) reduction, whereas splanchnic tissues decreased more in R than S in adult rats (EB2005). To investigate if body fat stores affect the results observed in the above study, young rats whose body fat was less than adult rats were subjected to R or S BM reduction. Fifteen rats (6‐wk‐old) were assigned to a group fed ad‐lib (C, n = 5), moderately restricted energy intake for 14 days to reduce BM gain (S, n = 5) or fasted for the last 3 days of the 14‐day study to reach comparable BM in S rapidly (R, n = 5). All rats were trained with a climbing cage 3 times a week (5 min × 6 sets). Drinking water was withdrawn for 19 h before sacrifice in R. Final BM was 316 g (SD 12), 238 (14), 236 (5) in C, R and S, respectively. The mass, water, protein and total lipid of carcass and excised skeletal muscles were less in both R and S than C. These measurements did not differ between R and S except for the gastrocnemius which was lower in S than R. The adipose tissue mass was significantly lower in both R and S than C and the decrease tended to be greater in S than R. The mass of the liver, stomach and small intestine was lower in both R and S than C and the mass of these tissues was lower in R than S due to lower content of water and protein in R than S, but total lipid of these tissues were similar in R and S. These results demonstrate that both skeletal muscle and splanchnic tissues decrease in both R and S in rats with less body fat stores and a decrease in skeletal muscle would not be influenced by the rapidity of BM reduction whereas a decrease in splanchnic tissues is greater in rapid BM reduction. Thus, the less body fat stores, the more skeletal muscle decreases, while body fat stores does not appear to influence a decrease in splanchnic tissues which is greater in rapid BM reduction.


Tribolium castaneum is a major pest of stored grains and processed commodities. The present experiments were conducted to check the nutritional indices of T. castaneum reared on corn, wheat and barley flour. Mortality effect of acetone extracts of various concentrations (5.0, 10.0 and 15.0%) of Nerium oleander from three different cultivars (yellow, pink and white) was also evaluated against T. castaneum at different exposure intervals (24, 48 and 72h). Maximum Consumption Index (CI) (15.57 mg/t), Relative Growth Rate (RGR) (0.027mg/t) and Approximate Digestibility (AD) (78.42 %) were observed in Corn flour and minimum CI (6.6 mg/t), RGR (0.024 mg/t) and AD (35.02%) was recorded in barley flour. Maximum and minimum value of Efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) was observed in barley and corn flour respectively. Maximum and minimum adult weight and flour loss weight was observed in corn and barley flour respectively. The mortality of T. castaneum increased with increase in concentration and with increase in time interval. The results also revealed that highest percent mortality (24%) was achieved when extract of yellow cultivar of test plant with (15%) concentration apply for 72hrs and with white cultivar of test plant resulted in (0.0%) mortality at 5% concentration after 24hrs of application. From these results, it was concluded that corn flour could be a suitable rearing medium for the growth of T. castaneum, while yellow cultivar of N. oleander could be placed in IPM for the control of this pest.


Let B be a generator of positivity preserving (shortly, positive) semi-group in L 2 on a space with-nite measure. It is supposed that the semigroup e ?tB ; t > 0 acts continuously from L 2 to L 1. For a measurable function V 0 an estimate for the number of negative eigenvalues of the operator B ? V is obtained. The well-known CLR-estimate for the number of negative eigenvalues of the Schrr odinger operator on R d ; d 3 is a particular case of the general result, and the best known constant here is reproduced. A more general theorem replaces the positivity property of the semigroup by domination by a positive semigroup.


This glass plate holder holds a flat plate-like glass plate in a vertical position and comprises: a clip which can grip both sides of the glass plate; a support body which supports the clip and which has a guide section for enabling the clip to move in the vertical direction; and an elastic member which presses the clip upward.


Retinal diseases are asymptomatic in nature with the significant effect of vision loss. With the growing number of retinopathy cases each year there is a requirement of the evaluation of large amount of database. This has led to the development of numerous automated and semi automated evaluation methods to track the retinal diseases. In this study, a simpler automated method is developed to diagnose retinal disease as far as exudates are concerned. Previously used segmentation methods do not generate very satisfactory results mainly because the composition of exudates which are degenerated regions in retinal fundus image is non homogeneous. Therefore an alternative method for segmentation is developed to use the homogeneity of healthy regions than degenerated regions. The developed technique initially separates the healthy regions like blood vessels and optic disc from the retinal fundus images and classifies as healthy. Further the dynamic region growing method is employed for the segmentation of exudates in the images containing diabetic retinal disease. The technique developed is examined on various retinal images and the outcomes reveal that the presented technique performs better than the previous proposed methods for the segmentation of exudates.


Black Panther is the first superhero film in Marvel's history that is directed and acted predominantly by African-American artists. The complementary academic review, high box office and audience rating are highly attributed to the political elements embodied in the movie. A breakthrough is achieved in the conventional cinematic image of the African-American man through the creation of a black hero playing the role of world savior. It also presents a prosperous and advanced image of Africa, fulfilling and expanding the African-American people's imagination of their spiritual home. Moreover, in responding to the Black Panther movement in black history, the film implicitly explores three possible routes of struggle for the black ethnic group and conveys a political message to the audience.


Provided herein are methods for detecting the presence of human pFLT3 in a sample. An exemplary assay provided herein is an ELISA method (e.g., sandwich ELISA). Also provided herein are methods for detecting FLT3 phosphorylation in a sample, diagnosing a patient having a FLT3-activating mutation, identifying a compound that activates or is otherwise and agonist of human FLT3 phosphorylation, identifying a compound that inhibits or is otherwise an antagonist of human FLT3 phosphorylation, determining the efficacy of a compound for increasing, decreasing or otherwise modulating human FLT3 phosphorylation in a patient. Further provided are kits for carrying out the said methods. Such kits comprise at least a total FLT3 antibody optionally immobilized on a solid support and a labeled pFLT3 antibody.


The status afforded to custom prior to independence was minimal indeed but this was changed immensely when Vanuatu gained independence from her colonial rulers. Custom is now given higher status especially in relation to land matters, such as the mechanisms for dispute settlement and compensation payment, and chiefly authority. The theme of this paper is the relationship between law and custom in Vanuatu. It is descriptive rather than argumentative and looks mainly at the legislation which provides for the administration of custom, namely, the Constitution, the Island Courts Act, the Joint Regulation No. 16 of 1970 and the Criminal Procedure Code.


During this period, we focused our attention in analyzing the magnetic nature of the extensively used trimetallic catalyst system Cu-Co-Cr for the production of higher alcohols. We believe that there could be some correspondence between the catalytic and magnetic behaviors of the transition metal catalyst systems. Both the morphology and metallic charge distribution of the particles are known to govern the catalytic as well as the magnetic properties of the system.


Across the Department of Energy (DOE) Complex, 332 underground storage tanks (USTs) have been used to capture, process, and store radioactive and hazardous wastes generated from the production and processing of nuclear weapons materials since the 1940s. To date, little of the more than 100 million gallons of waste has been treated and disposed in the final waste form. In response to the need for remediating tank waste, driven by Federal Facility Compliance Agreements (FFCAs) at all participating DOE sites, the Underground Storage Tank Integrated Demonstration (UST-ID) program was created by the DOE Office of Technology Development (OTD) in 1991. In the process of technology development and demonstration, UST-ID secures the active involvement of private industry, universities, and other government agencies through collaborative partnerships, consulting agreements, and licensing of technologies. A number of the technologies being developed will also be transferable to applications outside the DOE Complex. For example, newly developed characterization technologies will be used in tanks and pipes hosting material other than waste, and in process monitoring control. This paper will outline and describe the challenge and problems facing the UST-ID, the strategies and technologies being developed to provide the solutions, and the progress and accomplishment achieved tomore » date.« less


The work described here was implemented at an R1 polytechnic University in New Jersey by the authors in oral presentation and senior seminar courses offered by the Humanities and Social Science department for engineers. To provide a coherent instructional design that can function in Face-to-face and online courses equally effectively, the 'General, Particular Specific' model1 was piloted and is now fully integrated. This scaffolding for students enhances their critical thinking about content and alignment with the audience when examining content to be delivered orally to diverse groups. The students are taught to effectively communicate technical information as responsible experts. Introduction Communication is essential in all career paths but many STEM students discount the value and avoid practice rather than embrace the need to improve this transferable essential skill and its importance on employability [1]. Employers stress the need for workers that are effective oral communicators and most programs assign oral presentations and reports as part of the curriculum. Interviews and job activities highlight the need for this skill at all levels. However, there is a lack of research into effective instruction and assignment design. Moreover, explicit instruction is rarely provided with many faculty providing poor examples of best practices based on research "the lack of explicit instructions in scientific inquiry skills is a major factor in both low STEM retention and academic underperformance" [2]. Often it is assumed that students have been taught the needed skills already on how to understand an assignment, design an effective means for conveying a core message, and understand how to judge the scenario and goals aligned with the needs of the content and supporting materials. Though this is often not the case, the support and feedback, if any is provided, cannot do more than refine the content delivery for a narrow situation which the instructor generalizes without providing the means to understand and apply the feedback to future tasks within the same class, other classes in the curriculum, or future needs within the field. Students need to have clear explicit instruction and emphasis on a scaffolded, constructively-aligned system for approaching oral presentations that begin with the student's current level and allow them to learn how to approach any scenario to integrate content with delivery to attain their goal of conveying their core message to the desired target audience within the prescribed scenario. This article presents a background of the "General Particular Specific (GPS) model" [3] with how it was used to develop constructively aligned tasks [4] to teach oral presentations. The goal of this paper is to explain the elements of the curriculum instructional design that benefited from the use of the GPS model to enhance constructive alignment. It starts with a theoretical framework and basic definitions for the present discussion. It follows with a background of the context. Then, the article describes the steps followed for developing instructions for effective oral presentations, leading to a description of the GPS model. This is followed by a real-world example of its use in teaching effective oral presentation design and the author's rationale for using the GPS model as a means of constructive alignment. Finally, the authors discuss the results of its use and conclude with limitations, next steps, and final thoughts. 1 The term GPS model will be use to refer to 'General, Particular Specific' model. The term GPS model matrix will be use to refer the 9-box matrix of the model. Theoretical framework The following literature is used to consolidate the theoretical framework recommended for everyone interested in oral presentation and education. 1. A Framework for Marketing Management [5] 2. A New Vision for Center-Based Engineering Research [6] 3. A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: a revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives [7] 4. Building Capacity for Teaching Engineering in K-12 Education [8] 5. Education for Life and Work: Developing Transferable Knowledge and Skills in the 21st Century [9] 6. Enhancing teaching through constructive alignment [10] 7. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation [11]


To solve the big water level warp in boiler drum measurement system,this paper introduces the technique of multi-hole joined tube and pressure modification,and if possible,provides the project of renewedly scheme to the system.


A species of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, not beta-hemolytic, oxidase, urease, ornithine decarboxylase, and indole negative, phosphatase positive, reduces nitrate, does not hydrolyze esculin or acidify galactose, and slowly and weakly ferments carbohydrates. P. bettyae was isolated from human Bartholin gland abscesses and finger infections.


Abstract East Asian countries have vigorously engaged in a buildup of the capabilities of their coast guards. This has been driven in part by the need to protect their maritime jurisdiction in the face of numerous maritime disputes. The coast guards in East Asia serve as the front-line defender of sovereignty and maritime claims.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) in treatment of growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma.

METHODS
149 patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma, 97 males and 52 females, aged 42.8 (12-72 years), with a course of 6-240 months (72.5 months) and with the mean volume of tumor of 2.36 cm(3) (0.11-12.7 cm(3)) were treated by GKS. The mean dose to tumor margin was 20.87 Gy (10-30 Gy). 124 of them were followed up for 30 months (6-72 months).

RESULTS
The serum GH returned normal in 74 patients (64.9%) and declined in comparison with the level before radiosurgery in 23 patients (18.5%). The tumor volume was reduced in 84 patients (67.7%) and remained unchanged in 124 patients (32.4%). Ambiopia appeared in one patient. No other complication was found during the follow-up.

CONCLUSION
GKS is safe and effective on the treatment of GH-secreting pituitary adenoma.


The Youkalang Pb-Ag deposit of Naqu County in Tibet located in the central part of Dangxiong-Jiali Pb-Ag polymetallic mineralization zone with the ore-bearing strata being Lagongtang Formation of middle-upper Jurassic series,while the ore-bearing lithology being littoral neritic facies flysh.The orebodies are controlled by NE trending fault and close related to strata and structure.The ore-forming process is that the ore-forming matters were extracted when deep basic-ultrabasic magmatic hydrothermal fluids moved,then deposited and enriched in NE trending fault and structural zone.


The results of an experimental investigation of the effect of repeated exposure of silicate and phosphate active glass elements to laser radiation are presented together with quantitative statistical characteristics of the operating time before destruction as the laser radiation power density is increased. The statistical uniformity of the glass samples tested and the possibility of accepting the hypothesis of a logarithmic-normal distribution law for the operating time before destruction are pointed out. The parameters of the operating time before failure distribution are determined.


To explore non‐aniline aromatic substitution on the pyrimidine C4 position, novel 4‐(N,N′‐di‐n‐propyl‐3,4‐dicarboxamido‐1H‐pyrrole)pyrimidines are designed and synthesized as anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors for non‐small cell lung cancer treatment. To overcome the unexpected cleavage between the C‐N linkage of pyrrole nitrogen and C4‐pyrimidine during hydrolysis and inaccessibility of the desired diamide formation through coupling agent‐mediated conditions, the 4‐(N,N′‐di‐n‐propyl‐3,4‐dicarboxamido‐1H‐pyrrole)pyrimidine was assembled through direct nucleophilic substitution under microwave irradiation. Thus prepared 4‐(N,N′‐di‐n‐propyl‐3,4‐dicarboxamido‐1H‐pyrrole)pyrimidines were measured both ALK binding and H3122 cell proliferation assay. Their weak ALK activities are explained with molecular modeling study.


A three-dimensional model of the density structure of the lithosphere was carried out for the area of Central America and the Caribbean. The modeling process was based on input gravity data from combined geopotential models. The density model is constrained by geophysical and geological information available at the time.


Twenty male testiclectomy water buffaloes of 2~3 year old with 300~400 kg body weight appeared negative to fasciolosis by fecal examination and Dot-ELISA were used for experiment.Water buffaloes were divided into two series of experiment.Water buffaloes were randomly divided into infection group(n=5) and control group(n=3) in first series of experiment.Infection group orally administrated 60 F.hepatica metacercariae daily for 20 days and total 1 200 metacercariae.Water buffaloes in the second series of experiment were also divided infection(n=9) and control group(n=3).Each in infection group administrated orally 1 600 F.hepatica metacercariae at one time.Changes of cAMP,cGMP and ratio of cAMP/cGMP were studied.The results showed as follow:Serum cAMP level in chronic infection water buffaloes trended toincrease in the 2nd-11th week of post-infection,but had no significant difference compared with control group.Serum cGMP level in infection water buffaloes had no significant changes.Ratio of cAMP/cGMP in infection group was higher than that of control group during the 2nd-11th week after infection.Serum cAMP levels in acute infection water buffalo was less than that of control group during 3th-7th of postinfection,but cGMP in acute infection group was higher compared with levels of control group,and ratio of cAMP to cGMP was also less than control.


Older adults, even those with normal or near-normal audiograms, report greater subjective listening difficulty in everyday life compared to younger adults. However, their difficulties are not well predicted from pure-tone or speech audiometry in quiet or noise. Speech intelligibility tests based on word recognition do not incorporate many of the sensory and cognitive challenges that listeners confront in everyday situations where it is necessary to understand a target talker when there are competing talkers in the auditory scene. Speech-in-speech intelligibility is affected by age-related differences in auditory and cognitive processing. Age-related differences in auditory temporal processing reduce access to periodicity and temporal envelope cues that serve stream segregation and spatial listening. Age-related differences in cognitive processing are reflected in difficulty remembering speech heard in multi-talker babble or switching spatial attention when there is uncertainty about the location of a targ...


Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of formation and development of Ukraine's legal policy in the fi eld of combating climate change. The main normative legal acts, elaborated and adopted in fulfi llment of international commitments on сounteracting climate change, are analyzed. The author draws attention to the existing shortcomings of the legal regulation of climate change protection in our country.
The aim of the article. The purpose of this scientifi c research is to determine contemporary trends of the formation, implementation and development of Ukraine's legal policy in the fi eld of combating climate change on the basis of the analysis of national legislation and relevant international legal acts in which our country participates.
Results. Despite the fact that Ukraine is trying to pursue a balanced legal policy in the fi eld of combating climate change, taking into account the practice of European countries, it is not perfect and still needs reform. To date, there is no law on defi ning the legal regime of climate protection in Ukraine. In addition, in the adopted normative legal acts the climate is not considered as an object of legal protection.
Conclusions. Based on the analysis of national legislation, we can conclude that Ukraine's legal policy in the fi eld of combating climate change needs changes. First of all, these changes are related to the need to take an integrated approach to tackling climate change. Ukraine's climate policy should not be fragmented. That is why it is so important to elaborate and adopt a separate law that would defi ne the legal regime of climate protection and resolve all disputes, taking into account international and European standards.

Key words: greenhouse gas emissions, harmonization of legislation, climate change, implementation of international treaties, legal policy, nationally determined contribution, sustainable development


Edward Fitzgerald's Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam is a prime example of non-literal poetic translation and Fitzgerald justified his way of translating by saying that a translated poem "must live." He was not an exception, all the celebrated English translations of classical European literature of the past were made with considerable freedom, not following "faithfully" the originals. Today translations are being made of contemporary poetry from all over the world, but we need always to recall that there is no author in a literary text. Walter Benjamin's essay "The Task of the Translator" is a vibrant affirmation of the autonomous life possessed by a literary work, continuing as its "on-going life" (not "afterlife") over centuries. The dead poets of literary history need to be presented to students in the company of today's living world writers. Creative writing courses are not the best way of encouraging new generations of writers, but potential writers should be reading fine works that live from past and present. If Korean writers (and readers) of all generations are to be in touch with World Literature today, they need living translations, which should be produced by the most qualified scholars, who should be able to include translation in their professional record. The greatest problem today in Korea is the lack of any vivid awareness of the writers of the outside world, and perhaps even a lack of interest, which is sad.


PURPOSE: Provided are a negative electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, its preparation method, and a secondary battery containing the negative electrode which has a high capacity, a long cycle lifetime and an excellent stability and shows an excellent cycle characteristic even after the repeated charge/discharge. CONSTITUTION: The negative electrode comprises a current collector sheet, and an active material layer supported on the surface, wherein the active material layer comprises SiOx satisfying the condition represented by 0.7<=x<=1.3, and contains no binder. Preferably the current collector sheet comprises a metal foil, or a resin core material and a metal layer coating the surface. Preferably the surface of the metal foil is coated with a layer containing a carbon material; and the resin core material is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, aramid resin, polyimide resin, phenol resin, polyether sulfone resin, polyether ether ketone resin and polyamide resin.


In order to predict long term consequences of pollution on wildlife, toxic effects have to be assessed on a multigenerational scale. DEBtox models were recently developped to analyze effects of alpha and gamma radiation over several generations of Daphnia magna. A transgenerational damage compartement which level is transmitted from parent to offspring, was used to account for changes in effect severity observed among generations. However, the nature of molecular mechanisms involved in the transmission of radio-induced damage accross generations are poorly understood. In this context, the role of epigenetic processes was recently investigated in D. magna, as part of the transgenerational response to external Cs-137 gamma irradiation (at dose rates of 6.5 µGy/h and 41.3 mGy/h). In this aim, we studied DNA methylation changes after a 25-day chronic exposure of a parental generation (F0) and their potential inheritance by subsequent recovering generations, including F2 (exposed as germ cells in F1 embryos) and F3 (the first truly unexposed generation). Effects on survival, growth and reproduction were examined in all generations and DNA was extracted for whole genome bisulfite sequencing. Results showed that effects on reproduction were significant in generation F0 at the high dose rate and absent in subsequent generations (F1, F2 and F3). In contrast, we detected significant DNA methylation changes in every generation independent of dose rate. Some of these changes were shared between dose rates and among generations. Involved genes included gene families and gene functions which were previously shown to play roles during exposure to ionising radiation. Common DNA methylation changes detected between generations F2 and F3 clearly showed that epigenetic modifications were transmitted to unexposed generations, most likely through the germline.


Using basic physical arguments, we present a design and method for the fabrication of a pneumatic micro PDMS actuator using multilayer soft lithography based on dry-film photoresist. Its novel structure consists of a three-way electromagnetic microvalve for gas flow control which is connected with gas inlet microchannel for the actuator. Then the whole system is considered as a throttle blind capacitor (TBC) model and it is used to predict the response time of the pneumatic actuator by correlating its characteristics such as gas pressurizing, air resistance and membrane deformation. For this micro actuator, upward deformation motions of actuated area are observed of actuated area under 100KPa (N2) pressure and the fast open response (~ 15 ms) was achieved at 50KPa pressure. Our method provides a simple, cheap and save-time pneumatic micro actuator which can be used in active functions, such as valves, pumps and mixers integrated on pneumatic microfluidic chips for downsizing the driving pressure and improving the whole efficiency of microchips.


Abstract Disclosure: T. Silva: None. D. Mohan: None. J. Mebarak: None. D. Meredith: None. W. Bi: Speaker; Self; Stryker. R. Carroll: None. U.B. Kaiser: None. A. Marcondes Lerario: None. A. Abreu: None. Introduction: Pituitary adenomas (PA) are the second most common central nervous system neoplasm and arise from different cell lineages. PA are benign tumors, although a subset of them may present with aggressive behavior, resulting in significant morbidity. Several genetic alterations have been implicated in PA tumorigenesis, such as USP8 mutations in Cushing disease (CD) and GNAS mutations in somatotroph adenomas (SA). However, the genetic profiles of PA are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to identify genetic alterations associated with PA using a gene panel. Methods: Targeted next generation exome sequencing (OncoPanel) was performed to identify single nucleotide variants (SNV) and copy number variations (CNV) associated with PA. OncoPanel version 1 included 275 genes, version 2 had 300 genes, and the third, current version 447 genes. USP8 was included only in the most recent version. Patients undergoing surgery at our institution between 2013-2020, who agreed to participate in the OncoPanel initiative and who had samples with good quality DNA were enrolled. Classification of PA into subtypes was performed by combining clinical and histopathological data. A strict algorithm was used to assess SNV pathogenicity. Chi-square, Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. Results: Our cohort included 171 patients with following PA subtypes: TPIT lineage - 18 CD, 14 silent ACTH; PIT-1 lineage - 29 SA, 21 lactotroph and 4 silent poorly differentiated PIT-1 adenomas; SF-1 lineage - 77 gonadotroph and 8 null cell adenomas (negative immunostaining for hormones and TF). GNAS mutations were found in 28% of SA and USP8 mutations in 50% of CD screened for USP8. Pathogenic variants in MECOM were associated with silent ACTH, in FGFR4 and NF2 with CD, and in NOTCH2 with lactotroph adenomas, whereas pathogenic variants in TP53, EGFR, MEN1, BRCA1, FH, ATR, BLM, and XPC were identified in multiple PA subtypes. The number of CNV varied significantly between different subtypes of adenomas and were higher in lactotroph (median, 46), poorly differentiated PIT-1 (41), SA (26) and silent ACTH (17) compared to CD (3), gonadotroph (1) and null cell (0.5) (p< 0.001). MIB-1 proliferation index >3% was associated with higher CNV burden (p=0.022). Interestingly, copy number loss of chromosome 16 and 1q combined were exclusively identified in SA without GNAS mutations. Conclusion: OncoPanel analyses identified pathogenic variants in PA, some well recognized variants such as USP8 and GNAS, and some rare events such as NF2 in CD. In addition, our findings highlight subtype-specific patterns of genomic instability. The association between high CNV burden and the MIB-1 proliferation index may help to predict adenoma behavior. Genomic profile using a gene panel has the potential to better classify PA and contribute to clinical management. Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023


It is proved that a fibered compact metric space having the shape of a CW complex has the homotopy type of that complex, and that its Wall obstruction to finiteness is zero.


BACKGROUND
Recent studies have disclosed novel histological phenotypes of colon tumours in carcinogen-treated rats. The aim of this study was to update the current histological classification of colonic neoplasias in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Archival sections from 398 SD rats having 408 neoplasias in previous experiments were re-evaluated.

RESULTS
Of the 408 colonic neoplasias, 11% (44/408) were adenomas without invasive growth and 89% (364/408) invasive carcinomas. Out of the 44 adenomas, 82% were conventional (tubular or villous), 14% traditional serrated (TSA; with unlocked serrations or with closed microtubules) and 5% gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)-associated adenomas. Out of 364 carcinomas, 57% were conventional carcinomas, 26% GALT carcinomas, 8% undifferentiated, 6% signet-ring cell carcinomas, and 4% traditional serrated carcinomas (TSC). Thus, conventional adenomas, conventional carcinomas and GALT-associated carcinomas predominated (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION
The updated classification of colonic tumours in SD rats includes conventional adenomas, TSA, GALT-associated adenomas, conventional carcinomas, TSC, GALT-associated carcinomas, signet-ring cell carcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas. Several of the histological phenotypes reported here are not included in any of the current classifications of colonic tumours in rodents. This updated classification fulfils the requirements for an animal model of human disease, inasmuch as similar histological phenotypes of colon neoplasias have been documented in humans.


PURPOSE: A system for providing sound information is provided to enable a called side to set up a calling side's RBT(Ring Back Tone) and to enable the calling side to acquire information on the RBT. CONSTITUTION: A system for providing sound information comprises the first core network(10) and the second core network(20). An originating cellular phone(30) is connected to the first core network(10), and a terminating cellular phone(35) is connected to the second core network(20). The second core network(20) comprises a switch(21) and an RBT information storage part(250). The switch(21) contains an RBT selector(211). The RBT selector(211), if paging for the terminating cellular phone(35) is made, judges whether a registered ringer tone exists, based on the information stored in the RBT information storage part(250). In case that a registered ringer tone exists, the RBT selector(211) outputs sound information corresponding to the registered ringer tone.


At present various sites around the world use beams of swift protons or carbon ions for radiotherapy. The success of the GSI C radiotherapy pilot project has triggered the planning and/or construction of numerous clinical ion facilities in Germany (Heidelberg, Marburg, Berlin) and Europe (CNAO, MedAustron, Etoile). These sites will use carbon ions and also protons as their prime modalities. There are, however, physical and radiobiological reasons to inspect other light ion species for their potential therapeutical advantages. In particular helium ions undergo less lateral scattering than protons and less nuclear fragmentation than carbon. Consequently, the HIT facility was designed to also offer helium beams as an option, which means that eventually physical and radiobiological models must be as patient-ready as they are now for C.


In this paper, we study inextensible flows of spacelike curves in 3-dimensional lightlike cone of E₁⁴.We give neccessary and sufficent conditions for inextensible flows of spacelike curves in 3-dimensional lightlike cone of E₁⁴.


Based on the process theory of athlete retirement,this paper made quantitative analysis on retirement consciousness,mental state and strategy of our athletes.Seven hundred and eighty nine athletes were picked up for study.According to their age,training years and gender,the mental state and strategy for retirement was analyzed.The result showed that with the age increasing,the recognition on their role of athletes was decreased,while the preparation for retirement was increased.The ideas for retirement were related with mental state in daily life.Analysis on mental state of athletes who intending retirement showed that the level of their self-evaluation,life satisfaction and social support were lower than that of non-intending retirement athletes.The life anxiety and loneliness was obvious increased.The mental state of female athletes was poorer than male athletes,especially for life anxiety.The strategy for retirement,athletes usually use the method of avoidance rather than positive method,especially for female athletes.Based on above findings,this paper discussed the mental problems of our athlete retirement from the perspective of social psychology.


Neural decoding of human locomotion, including automated gait intention detection and continuous decoding of lower limb joint angles, has been of great interest in the field of Brain Machine Interface (BMI). However, neural decoding of gait in developing children has yet to be demonstrated. In this study, we collected physiological data (electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG)), and kinematic data from children performing different locomotion tasks. We also developed a state space estimation model to decode lower limb joint angles from scalp EEG. Fluctuations in the amplitude of slow cortical potentials of EEG in the delta band (0.1 – 3 Hz) were used for prediction. The decoding accuracies (Pearson's r values) were promising (Hip: 0.71; Knee: 0.59; Ankle: 0.51). Our results demonstrate the feasibility of neural decoding of children walking and have implications for the development of a real-time closed-loop BMI system for the control of a pediatric exoskeleton.


This research addresses several important needs of the Greater Everglades Restoration including: 1) Mangrove primary productivity is a key indicator in the Mangrove Conceptual Model and forms the basis of the detrital foodweb that supports secondary production of estuarine fishes and crustaceans; 2) Secondary productivity in mangroves (e.g. commercially and recreationally important estuarine fisheries) is a key component of biological performance measures for restoration success and is used in the Mangrove Conceptual Models. Estuarine fish production is identified as a key Success Indicator. 3) Understanding processes of soil building, sediment accretion and erosion have been identified as critical to measuring restoration success. 4) Landscape level changes in the position of the mangrove / marsh ecotone indicate largscale vegetation change in the coastal zone. Vegetation change monitoring has been identified as a priority issue. 5) Data from the studies of primary productivity will be used in the ATLSS modeling program in the development of the mangrove community and landscape models. 6) Actual field measurements of sediment accretion / erosion will be vital to the development of models regarding soil dynamics.


The process of cutting different material is getting difficult due the good mechanical properties of the new material. According to the evolution of the aeronautical and automotive industry, the materials had to be improved in order to keep the tendency. In parallel, it was necessary to improve the properties of the cutting tools that process this material. Four major directions are intended to be studied in case of the work tools: base material, coating, geometry and microgeometry. The researches have shown that all have a great importance in determining the best durability of the work tool. The article is trying to emphasize the role of the microgeometry in processing the Inconel 718. The material presents difficult cutting properties due to its mechanical and physical properties. One of the machining results is durability, the surface quality and on this criterion will be evaluated the best microgeometry used in drilling the Inconel 718


Key Points Question Does integrating multiorgan focused clinical ultrasonography with clinical evaluation of patients admitted with cardiopulmonary symptoms reduce the hospital length of stay? Findings In a randomized clinical trial of 250 participants allocated to undergo multiorgan focused clinical ultrasonography or standard management at admission to the hospital, the hospital length of stay was not different compared with control patients. Meaning These findings suggest that integration of multiorgan focused clinical ultrasonography with the initial evaluation does not reduce hospital length of stay by more than 24 hours.


The development of China's financial market and introduction of financial products in developed countries could spur China's economic take-off and bring many unknown potential risks. American sub-prime crisis could set off the alarm bell and was regarded as an example for improvement of financial regulatory mechanism. Because Banks lend massive loans unconditionally to stimulate consumption it was very burdensome for the majority of people to bear loans so that banks could not get in huge amount of cashes in time, disrupting capital chain and stirring up systemic risks of banks and financial institutions and banks successively. The economic bubble of mortgage loan market would fall on financial market and the surplus can impact the real economy so as to result in real economic depression. This article relies on the bank's risk spillover effects research to have the grasp of what banks will have such influences in China's commercial banks and to put forward some schemes to lower the effects of risk spillover. 1


Conventional aquatic water treatment systems use nitrifying bacteria in biological filters to detoxify ammonium nitrogen, a by-product of fish and invertebrate metabolism. These biological filters require a large space and need several weeks to stabilize after introduction. In addition, the use of biological filters necessitates replacement of 3 10% of system water each day to reduce accumulated nitrate nitrogen to acceptable concentrations. ORGANO Corp. and Kitasato University have developed a compact and easy to operate filtration system that reduces ammonia nitrogen using a combination of ultrafiltration and ozoneenhanced foam fractionation. This new system requires a small installation space, removes ammonium nitrogen immediately upon startup, and results in a reduced accumulation of nitrate nitrogen. We conducted a comparative test of conventional and new system. It was performed on a 100 L (approx.) aquarium supporting moon jelly of the species: Aurelia coerulea. The test was conducted with 2 cases. In the first case, acclimated nitrifying bacteria were not introduced. For the conventional system, all moon jellies died at early stage. On the other hand, all moon-jellies grew ideally in the new system. The second case was conducted with the presence of acclimated nitrifying bacteria in the conventional system. From the commencement of operation, both ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were maintained at less than 0.1 and 3.0 mg N/L, respectively, with a seawater replacement of <0.1% per day in the new system. The ratio of wet weight to bell diameter of jellyfish showed an ideal growth compared to the conventional system throughout the trial (180days). Space required for the new filtration system is estimated to be half (50%) of that required for a more conventional water treatment system incorporating a biological filter.


Many of the methods of following the redistribution of components during sedimentation in an ultracentrifuge are based upon changes in optical properties. I t is the purpose of this report to contrast and com pare some of the more common methods. In order to do this the at tempt has been made to summarize the fundamental principles involved in the several experimental assemblies. Also in the consideration of specific examples, answers to certain questions that are frequently raised in regard to the appUcation of these methods have been given. This treatment is not an original approach to the optics involved, but is simply an application of conclusions arrived at in more exhaustive treatments by earlier workers. In particular the contributions of Lamm' and Svensson^ have been used as the basis for this presentation. There are two general methods which have been developed, based upon absorption and refraction of light, respectively. When the light absorption method is used the camera is focused on the cell and exposures at definite time intervals throughout the course of the experiment are made with monochromatic light of such wave length that it is absorbed by the sedimenting substance but not by the other components of the solution. After the completion of the experi ment a set of exposures is taken to give a relationship between the black ening on the photographic plate and the concentration of the sedimenting substance. When the plate is microphotometered the relationship be tween the galvanometer deflection and the distance from the center of rotation is observed. From these diagrams and the concentration scale, figures for the concentration of the sedimenting substance at any point in the cell at several times are obtained. In the scale method the camera is focused on a uniform hnear scale (or its image), placed near the solution cell but on the side of the ultra centrifuge away from the objective lens and camera. As before, the exposures are made after definite intervals of time. With suitable re fractive index increment the fines of the scale will be displaced by a con centration gradient in the cell. The scale line displacement is propor-


In order to have a high level of maneuverability, supersonic delta wings should have a cross flow that is free of embedded shock waves. The conical cross flow sonic surface differs from that of plane transonic flow in many aspects. Well-known properties such as the monotone law are not true for conical cross flow sonic surfaces. By using a local analysis of the cross flow sonic line, relevant conditions for smooth cross flow are obtained. A technique to artificially construct a smooth sonic surface and an efficient numerical method to calculate the flow field are used to obtain cones with smooth cross flow.


The number of elderly patients is increasing every day in our society. Old age, formerly a privilege of the few, is now reached by many people, who often lead social and active li- ves and who are also in good health. However, as one rea- ches sixty-five years of age and beyond, there is a gradual reduction in one's functional abilities and, as a result, chro- nic diseases are common leading to disabilities. Medical ca- re seeks to extend the lives of the elderly but, more importantly, to improve their quality of life. We believe, as the main objective of our work, that it is essential to learn the physiological, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of elderly patients for the proper management and control of analgesic use while ensuring minimal risk. Si- milarly, we believe that increasing an elderly patient's func- tional abilities and quality of life are also of the utmost importance. Opioid analgesics represent a key therapeutic weapon in the management of moderate-severe pain. Despi- te the reluctance to use opioids in dealing with the chronic pain of elderly patients, its analgesic efficacy and high safety profile have now been proven. Thus, we must be guided by the risk-benefit equation when it comes to considering anal- gesic treatments for elderly patients, always mindful of their physiological, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic cha-


Using Social Practice Wisdom (SPW) as a conceptual lens, we shed new light on destructive, selfish leadership and its negative effects. Our study highlights the negative effects on followers of leaders' selfishness, as well as lack of empathy and inauthenticity. Our work also sheds light on new cross-cultural leadership challenges in emerging economies like Indonesia. Analysis reveals deep tensions between Indonesian leaders' tendency to position themselves in self-serving discourses of feudalism and family, and what young, western educated Indonesian professionals now expect of leaders. Selfish leadership discourse and lack of leader wisdom jeopardize Indonesia's economic development. We argue that wise dialogical communication enhances wise leadership.


Dry eye is de ned as "A multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear lm instability with potential damage to the ocular [1] surface. Diabetes Mellitus is often associated with several signi cant ocular conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy, refractive changes, dry eye syndrome, cataract, nerve palsies, glaucoma and macular oedema. However, one of the most common ocular [2] complications associated with diabetes is dry eye. More than half [3] of patients with diabetes mellitus likely have dry eye disease. This study was done to nd the correlation between dry eye and diabetes mellitus in the patients attending a tertiary care hospital of state of Odisha.


We study some particular cases of soliton-type equations on a Riemannian manifold. We give an estimation of the first nonzero eigenvalue of the Laplace operator and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the manifold to be isometric to a sphere. Finally, we characterize trivial generalized gradient Ricci solitons.


The explosive growth of XML use over the last decade has led to a lot of research on how to best store and access it. This growth has resulted in XML being described as a de facto standard for storage and exchange of data over the web. However, XML has high redundancy because of its self-‐ describing nature making it verbose. The verbose nature of XML poses a storage problem. This has led to much research devoted to XML compression. It has become of more interest since the use of resource constrained devices is also on the rise. These devices are limited in storage space, processing power and also have finite energy. Therefore, these devices cannot cope with storing and processing large XML documents. XML queryable compression methods could be a solution but none of them has a query processor that runs on such devices. Currently, wireless connections are used to alleviate the problem but they have adverse effects on the battery life. They are therefore not a sustainable solution.
This thesis describes an attempt to address this problem by proposing a queryable compressor (SIQXC) with a query processor that runs in a resource constrained environment thereby lowering wireless connection dependency yet alleviating the storage problem. It applies a novel simple 2 tuple integer encoding system, clustering and gzip. SIQXC achieves an average compression ratio of 70% which is higher than most queryable XML compressors and also supports a wide range of XPATH operators making it competitive approach. It was tested through a practical implementation evaluated against the real data that is usually used for XML benchmarking. The evaluation covered the compression ratio, compression time and query evaluation accuracy and response time. SIQXC allows users to some extent locally store and manipulate the otherwise verbose XML on their Smartphones.


Funeral program for Tommie L. Townsend, born November 12, 1917. The funeral was held April 3, 1999 at Friendship Baptist Church, officiated by Rev. R. L. Archield, Sr. Funeral arrangements were made through the Lewis Funeral Home, and he was buried in Southern Memorial Park in San Antonio, Texas.


Many recent studies have suggested that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis Immune cells dominate early atherosclerotic lesions, their effect or molecules accelerate progression of the lesions, and activation of inflammation can elicit acute coronary syndromes. This review highlights the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic CAD. It will recount the evidence that atherosclerosis, the main cause of CAD, is an inflammatory disease in which immune mechanisms interact with metabolic risk factors to initiate, propagate, and activate lesions in the arterial tree. These facts force us to revisit cardiovascular disease and consider new strategies for prediction, prevention, and treatment.


The goal of this project is to produce transgenic walnut plants resistant to insects through the expression of an insecticidal protein. One such protein is the delta endotoxin (BT) of Bacillus thuriniPensis (Bt). We report the preliminary testing of purified toxic fragments obtained from two different strains of Bacillus thurin~iensis (HD-1 and HD-73) against three major walnut pests (codling moth, navel orangeworm and Indian meal moth) in control feeding experiments. These tests were successful. We have begun an effort to improve the efficiency of A~obacteriummediated transformation of walm:t embryos essential for the success of this project. One approach we are investigating is to be able ~ouiscriminate transgenic embryos at an early stage. We have used successfully the gene encoding a bacterial B-glucuronidase enzyme as a marker for transformed cells. Our preliminary results are extremely encouraging. Lastly we report our efforts on trying to isolate somatic embryos of the major walnut cultivars (Sunland and Chandler). This is important to introduce this trait into the major walnut cultivar. OVERALL RESEARCH GOALS AND SCHEDULE 1. Testing of different BT gene products in control feeding experiments with different walnut pests. 2. Transfer and regeneration of transgenic walnut expressing BT 3. Testing of transgenic embryos and plants. Years 88 o 89 1 90 2 91 3 92 4 Dandekar Lab. Culture Bt for bioassay Isolate better BT constructs Make better A~obact constructs. Test Agrobactconstructs Analysis McGranahan Lab. Improve transformation system Initiate embryogeniclines of Chandler and Sunland Transformation with BT Vail Lab. Devise bioassay Bioassay homologous BT strains Bioassay BT gene products ~ioassay transformed embryos, seedlings, nuts in lab., field and post harvest


Taking into account the importance of visualization within service design discipline due both to the limited visual appearance of services and to the heterogeneous group of figures involved in their conception and construction, this research paper proposes an investigation of the representation paths that could help the comprehension and use of visualization during the design process (1). This research topic has been studied from a design perspective and from a design culture background, in order to provide a contribution to the service discipline in the broad sense.


The purpose of the present lecture is to offer an outlook about the emerging status of Coaching Psychology as a scientific discipline. The coaching profession has enjoyed during its 20 years of existence, a phenomenal success but at the same time reluctance and lack of confidence among large parts of the public and the academic community. It is proposed that the astounding success of the coaching profession is due the fact that it is a "tailor made" profession responding to the 21st century needs. Life coaching success originates in the modern Western Culture Zeitgeist: It generates a goal oriented action to enhance, within a short limited time, self-actualization enhancement of performances, and realization of the coachee's strengths and self-potentials. The reluctance arises from the lack of adequate student preparation in most coaching training programs, from its being not committed to academic standards and from the lack of conceptual boundaries. The author analyses the different options for a new science of CP. The methodology used is based upon his experience as the founder, academic director, and teacher in both programs: a CP study program at Tel Aviv University and of a study program for Doctoral students for CP at Bar Illan University. The author proposes an approach that considers Coaching Psychology as a field whose spinal cord is Psychology but unlike Psychology sub-disciplines it does not deal with specific domains. CP is a field dealing with the entire scope of human lifespan, behavior, motivations, value systems, vision, and with the human's mental and emotional world in its social-cultural context. Consequently CP has a common interface with multiple disciplines owning a revolutionary potential to create a psychology based, integrative approach for self-actualization combining methodologies, ideas and scientific concepts from multiple disciplines.


The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity of Murraya paniculata (Linn.) Jack leaves extract (MPE) obtained from different extraction solvents for the use of cosmetic purposes. The result showed that 75 % ethanolic extract presented the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 1.43 mg/mL), the total phenolic content of 66.12 mg GAE/g and the total flavonoids content of 7.83 mg QE/g. All of the obtained extracts had low tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The final MPE lotion contained 1 %w/w of 75 % ethanolic extract dissolved in 50 %w/w of propylene glycol, 20 %w/w of glycerin, and 7.5 %w/w of ethanol. Regarding stability study, the MPE lotion was stored at 4 ?C and 40 ?C for 1 month. Total flavonoid content remaining in the lotion and antioxidant activity of the MPE lotion were monitored during the storage. The results at both storage temperatures showed that no significant decrease of the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were observed from the 1 % MPE lotion. This meant that this MPE lotion had high potential to be developed for cosmetic purpose.


BIG1 and BIG2, brefeldin A‐inhibited guanine nucleotide‐exchange factors (GEFs) that activate ADP‐ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of bound GDP with GTP, contain A kinase‐anchoring protein (AKAP) sequences that act as scaffolds for multimolecular complexes to facilitate and limit intracellular cAMP signaling in both time and space. β‐Catenin, with its critical roles in cell‐cell adhesion and Wnt signaling, was among HeLa cell proteins co‐immunoprecipitated by antibodies against BIG1 or BIG2. Direct interaction of BIG1 N‐terminal sequence with β‐catenin, found in yeast two‐hybrid studies, was confirmed using in vitro‐synthesized proteins. Depletion of BIG1 and/or BIG2 or over‐expression of a GEF‐inactive mutant, but not wild‐type, BIG1 or BIG2 resulted in β‐catenin accumulation in perinuclear Golgi structures. As association of protein kinase A (PKA) with β‐catenin, BIG1, and BIG2 in HeLa cells, and PKA‐catalyzed phosphorylation of β‐catenin S675 were diminished after depletion of BIG1 or BIG2, we infer that function of the AKAP sequences in BIG1 and/or BIG2 may be required for PKA‐catalyzed β‐catenin modification. In addition, transcriptional activity of β‐catenin was lower in HeLa cells after BIG1 and/or BIG2 depletion, further consistent with their roles in regulating β‐catenin action via S675 phosphorylation.


to the ways in which these relationships shaped the ability of women parliamentarians to get issues on the policy agenda, especially women's issues. Finally, the country chapters examine what women legislators saw as the policy impact of external actors, such as international women's organizations as well as international organizations like the European Union in these postcommunist political arenas. What does it mean to have an increasing number of women in power in postcommunist parliaments? The takeaway point from this volume is mixed, as one might expect. Women are being elected in increasing numbers to parliaments (both due to quotas and to the effects of communist policies promoting increased education and workforce participation for women), and they are also increasingly moving into positions of power. Yet clearly there is a disjuncture between this advancement and that of their male colleagues: women still hold fewer ministerial positions, face a media that in one country focused more on their clothing than on their policy positions, and deal with the universal suaiggle of women professionals to balance a rigorous work schedule with family obligations. But the authors present a very detailed story of change and progress led by women in power, which in the end has resulted in more bipartisan collaboration, greater inclusion of societal interests, and political debate grounded in analysis rather than antagonism. The volume provides a rich picture of this transformation and offers a wealth of findings that will be of interest to scholars concerned with postcommunist studies as well as with the role of women in politics.


The new type adaptive acousto-optical processor for chirps is described. The processor has simple optical scheme similar to that of conventional acousto-optical spectrum analyzer but it uses CCD-line photodetector in the shift and add mode. This processor can be used effectively for compression of chirps of different duration.Processor adaptation is fulfilled by simple control of CCD clock rate. Results of experimental investigation of the laboratory setup with chirps of short duration are presented.


Blue-violet plants have high ornamental value.But species of blue-violet plants are lacking in landscape application.Through investigation of wild plant resources in Beijing Xiaolongmen Forest Park,some blue-violet herbaceous flower species with high ornamental value for landscape application were summarized.Besides,some applying ways and developing suggestions for blue-violet plants in landscape application were put forward based on the visual stimulation of the color to people.


- The aim of experiment is to analyze the vibration of undamaged and damaged Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) beams. Experimental free vibration of CFRP cantilever beam will be investigated by dynamic tests. Total three different types of notches are made artificially on the beams closed to fixed end. A comparison will be made of the experimentally extracted frequencies at each damage level and in relation to the single positions of the accelerometer. A comparison between natural frequencies due to different types notches have been investigated. The present experiment illustrates the envelope of Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) obtained by the experimental dynamic tests and the changes of natural frequency values correlated to the damage degree of CFRP beam. Numerical data is found out and discussed in comparison to the experimental results .


This report reviews the evidence base for the impact of cultural and linguistic competence in health and mental health care on health outcomes and well-being and the costs and benefits to the system. The authors conducted a structured search of Medline from January 1995 to March 2006 to identify primary research articles on health outcomes and well-being. An exploratory search of multiple databases was performed to identify evidence related to the business case. The review of the health outcomes literature indicated that the field is in the early stages of development, with the preponderance of literature defining the concepts and identifying research questions. Some promising studies support the efficacy of cultural and linguistic competence affecting health and mental health outcomes. Evidence of decreased systems costs is not currently present in the literature. The authors identify key gaps in the current literature and specific methodological and funding limitations to be addressed. Support for this research was provided by The Commonwealth Fund. The views presented here are those of the authors and not necessarily those of The Commonwealth Fund or its directors, officers, or staff. This report and other Fund publications are available online at www.cmwf.org. To learn more about new publications when they become available, visit the Fund's Web site and register to receive e-mail alerts. Commonwealth Fund pub. no. 962.


Washington, DC, Dec. 15, 2015: The White House Conference on Aging concluded yesterday as delegates expressed satisfaction that, at last, they had dealt with several key issues that had been neglected at the previous White House Conference ten years ago in 2005: namely, issues likely to be of special importance to the aging Baby Boomers who already make up an important part of America's older population.


Epitaxial LaNiO3 (LNO) thin films with a pseudocubic perovskite structure were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The effects of processing the substrate temperature as well as oxygen pressure on the structure and surface electrical resistivity were analyzed. In the range of the substrate temperatures from 550 to 800 degrees C and oxygen pressure from 25 to 50 Pa studied in our experiments, all the films showed good orientation. The LNO thin film deposited at 700 degrees C in 35 Pa O-2 exhibited the best quality of those films deposited in our conditions. Its average roughness is less than 10 nm and the surface electrical resistivity is about 5X10(-5) Omega cm, better than previously reported values. In addition, the surface morphology and resistivity versus temperature were also investigated. The present LNO films have good epitaxial structure, a smooth surface, and good electrical properties. (C) 1999 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-2101(99)02703-7].


N EARLIER DAYS a generally held conrived; (3) storage of and ability to reI cept was that anesthetics, in order trieve the message. There can be no reto impair the conscious state, must preport from a patient, no learning in an vent impulses from the periphery reachanimal that is being trained, if he has ing the cerebral cortex. In the light of been aware of the stimuli only in the modern knowledge, there can be no doubt specious present and has retained no that this concer>t is no lower tenable. I trace of i t in memorv. would like to compliment Dr. Domino for his very clear demonstration of this fact in the most difficult of all experimental animals man. No neurophysiologist is going to quarrel with his results.


Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) is an autosomal-dominant syndrome developing gastric carcinoma with a background of fundic gland polyposis [1]. Although prophylactic total gastrectomy is considered given the high incidence of gastric cancer [2, 3], there is no consensus/ guideline. We report a case of treating a pyloric gland adenoma (PGA) in GAPPS with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). A 54-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of fundic gland polyps (FGPs). FGPs were localized in the gastric body and fundus (▶Fig. 1), but there were no polyps in the antrum and duodenum. A 20-mm white elevated lesion was observed in the greater curvature of the upper body. Under narrowband-imaging magnifying endoscopy, arcuate glandular duct structures were observed, and the demarcation line could be identified (▶Fig. 2). She had several relatives with gastric cancer; particularly her brother was diagnosed with fundic gland polyposis. Hence, we suspected a gastric-type tumor associated with GAPPS. ESD was performed because the patient refused the surgery (▶Video 1). The lesion was resected en bloc using the clipand-thread traction method (▶Fig. 3). The lesion consisted of closely packed neoplastic glands resembling pyloric glands. The tumor exhibited pronounced cytological and architectural atypia in some areas (▶Fig. 4). Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse reactivity to MUC6 and focal reactivity to MUC5AC. The histological diagnosis was PGA with high grade dysplasia. Genome analysis of the APC gene using peripheral blood demonstrated a point mutation c.-191T>C in exon 1B, a characteristic mutation of GAPPS [4]. The final diagnosis was pyloric gland adenoma associated with gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach. Although the effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance is unestablished [2], considering the high risk of carcinogenesis in the residual stomach, close endoscopic follow-up is planned. It is interesting that a white patch in fundic gland polyps as observed in this case is associated with a high rate of proximal gastric cancer in familial polyposis [5].


Triphenylphosphine ligand functionality could be readily introduced onto the 2% DVB and 12% DVB cross-linked polystyrenes. Significant differences in reaction rates and loading capacities were observed in favor of the 2% DVB percentage cross-linkage. The reaction of iron pentacarbonyl with polymeric ligand gave both monocoordination and biscoordination products. Product distribution analyses indicated that monocoordination was favored for both kind of polymeric ligands. Ratio of biscoordination to monocoordination was higher for the 2% DVB polystyrene ligand than for the 12% DVB polystyrene ligand indicating biscoordination proceeded more easily on the former.


Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a regulatory role for maturation of antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Whereas HSP70 has been shown to enhance the maturation of human DCs via a nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB)‐dependent pathway, the regulatory role of calreticulin (CRT), which is a HSP with similar functions to HSP70, is not well studied. To investigate the role of CRT as adjuvant in cell activation and co‐stimulatory responses we determined the effects of CRT on human APC maturation in comparison to that of HSP70. To facilitate eukaryotic endotoxin‐free CRT protein expression, three different methods were compared. We demonstrate that CRT induces the maturation of human DCs and increases the production of proinflammatory cytokines via the NF‐κB pathway. CRT‐mediated maturation was qualitatively similar to that induced by HSP70. Interestingly, priming of monocytes with HSPs showed an even more prominent effect on maturation than exposure of immature DCs to these compounds. A higher expression of CD86, CD83 and CCR7 on mature DCs were found in response to CRT. Our data provide novel insights into the role of extracellular HSPs as chaperokines in the processes of APC generation and may thus be useful to improve adoptive immunotherapy.


Ficus bengalensis belongs to family Moraceae is a large and extensively growing tree across Indian continent. The aim of present study is, an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its traditional and pharmacological uses of important medicinal plant, Ficus bengalensis L. (Moraceae). It is a large evergreen tree found throughout forest tracts of India. It is popular indigenous system of medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy. In traditional system of medicine various plant parts such as stem bark, root bark aerial roots, vegetative buds, leaves, fruits and latex are used in dysentery, diarrhea, diabetes leucorrhoea, menorrhagia, nervous disorders, tonic and astringent.


Ageing of bitumen is an important cause of reduced durability of asphalt pavements. Therefore, the polymer modified bitumens are recommended to increase the durability of the material. In the present work, rheology has been applied to evaluate the properties of Styrene-Ethylene- Butadiene -Styrene (SEBS) polymer modified bitumen (PMB) to compare to the 35 / 50 penetration grade bitumen, before and after ageing. The effects of ageing on the physical and rheological properties of (PMB) were evaluated using SARA analysis, penetration test, softening point test and dynamic shear rheometer test (DSR). The binders were aged by Rolling Thin Film Over Test (RTFOT) and Pressure Ageing Vessel (PAV). The results showed that use of SEBS polymer reduces the ageing effect on physical and rheological properties of the bitumen binder as illustrated through lower ageing index of complex modulus and an increase in tang δ indicating that the SEBS polymer improve the ageing resistance of bitumen binder.


Culture is constructed by society and in turn constructs the identity of a people. The patterns of behaviors, practices, and values shared by a group of people represent and reflect their ethnic, religious, and gender orientations. Knowledge about people's cultural backgrounds contributes to our understanding of the role of education in shaping past, present, and future generations. Therefore, this study explores preschool teachers' cultural views regarding the teaching of young children in a Saudi early childhood education setting. A phenomenological qualitative research approach is used in this study. Data are collected through semistructured focus group interviews with 10 preschool teachers who teach young children in public preschools located in the western region of Saudi Arabia. The thematic analysis of the qualitative data reveals two main themes in the teachers' narratives: i) Religion-based instruction; and ii) Gender-related issues. The participants in this study reported engaging in a set of practices that showed how their cultural identities, including their nationality, gender, religious beliefs, and history, influenced their roles as educators. Within the rich cultural context of Saudi culture, the teachers reported being strongly committed to their social and spiritual values when teaching young children.


have seen a resolute though uncomfortable nurse who had undergone thyroidectomy bravely tolerating an endotracheal tube several hours after recovering consciousness. The staff had instructions not to remove it until she coughed. Galley (Modern Practice of A naesthesia, 1949, p. 355) states, "It is well known that even in the conscious patient the larynx has a greater tolerance for foreign bodies which do not move." This is confirmed by Mr. Coldrey's case and an exactly similar one which occurred here recently. It should be stressed to nurses that difficulty, coughing, straining, and retching are not normal reactions to the passage of a Ryle's tube. When these occur to excess in any patient, particularly in the exhausted, toxic, or otherwise debilitated, the tube should be under suspicion until proved, by positive gastric aspiration, to be in the stomach. Too frequently a negative aspiration is taken to mean that the stomach is empty. How often, if ever, is a stomach really dry ? Tranquillity after the correct length of tubing has disappeared is in no way proof of correct position. How many emergency procedures have ended fatally from inhalation of vomitus, in spite of a Ryle's tube carefully strapped to one cheek ? Not infrequently it may be too short, too fine, too soft (easily collapsed by negative pressure), or otherwise inadequate in itself. Where the distal end may be is apparently anyone's guess. Coiled in the throat is commonplace, doubled in the oesophagus frequent, and on rare occasions it may be in the trachea. I have known it carefully and purposefully concealed in the cheek -the latter the final attempt of a resourceful patient to escape from his tormenter.-I am, etc.,


Continuous recorded speech passages were presented against a background of white noise and against a quiet background. The effect of the noise on the loudness of speech was determined by having listeners adjust the level of speech heard in quiet to sound equal in loudness to an assigned average level of speech presented against selected levels of background noise. In general, it was found that (1) low noise levels produce a proportionately lower depression in the loudness level of speech than higher noise levels, (2) as a first approximation, however, the effect of noise on the loudness of speech is a function of the speech‐to‐noise ratio rather than of the level of the speech alone or of the noise alone, and (3) under none of the experimental conditions did white noise actually increase the loudness of speech (the "Egan effect").The assumption that a given level of noise subtracts a constant number of loudness units from speech (regardless of the level of the speech) was found to be fairly adequate in de...