Views Abstract The Black-Litterman model is a portfolio model that considers investor views. The purpose of this study is to develop the Black-Litterman (BL) portfolio model with views prediction using Elman Recurrent Neural Network (ERNN) on LQ-45 stocks. The ERNN model is one of the neural network models that adjusts the input using the output feedback from the hidden layer. The BL portfolio is generated based on the capital assets pricing model (CAPM) excess return equilibrium. The data used in CAPM model must fulfill the normality assumption which is checked by using Jarque Bera test. The selected stocks for the portfolio are the member of LQ-45 stocks which meet the normality assumption and have the highest expected excess return CAPM value, those are AKRA, BBNI, INCO, and JSMR stocks. The ERNN model is employed to those stocks to obtain the views prediction. Then, the Black-Litterman portfolio is constructed by combining the ERNN views of the stock returns and the expected equilibrium return yielded by the capital assets pricing model. Three designs of relative views are considered, each design is distinguished from the percentage of each stock return prediction. The simulation shows that the best portfolio is constructed based on the design of the first views due to the most accurate views prediction.


Summary

Insects are frequently associated with fungi in natural habitats. Molecular detection of fungal species using the primer pair ITS1F and ITS4 to amplify the ribosomal ITS region has become standard for studies of fungal ecology. When addressing insect and fungal DNA together, sequencing of the ITS region often results in chimeras due to ITS4 binding to both insect and fungal DNA. Using the newly developed primer fITS9, placed in the 5.8S region in the middle of the ITS region, we show that chimeras (insect–fungal, fungal–fungal, fungal–plants or fungal–mammals) can be avoided and a shorter and less variable DNA sequence product can be obtained. This method allows a more targeted amplification of fungal DNA from mixed samples and decreases the necessity for a nested PCR approach.


A major concern in food safety is the contamination of fresh and stored food with spoiling bacteria that provoke human poisoning. Bacillus cereus is a common food-borne pathogen responsible of important poisoning outbreaks and severe bacteraemia and septicaemia. Poisoning caused by B. cereus is classified in two main categories: emetic and diarrheic. The emetic poisoning is correlated to the production of cereulide. This toxin is very heat stable, and it can be produced in the food contaminated by B. cereus cells. Diarrheic poisoning is provoked by the enterotoxin hemolysin BL, the non-hemolytic enterotoxin and the cytotoxin K.


A new model is proposed for the formation and decay kinetics of the thermal donors in silicon. This model is an extension of the Kaiser-Frisch-Reiss (KFR) model [Phys. Rev. 112, 1546 (1958)] and includes the effect of the electronic environment hitherto neglected. The concentration of the thermal donors ${n}_{\mathrm{TD}}(t)$ is expressed by ${n}_{\mathrm{TD}}(t)=(\frac{a}{b}){[{\mathrm{O}}_{i}]}^{3}{n}^{\ensuremath{-}2}{1\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}b{D}_{i}[{\mathrm{O}}_{i}]t)}$, where [${\mathrm{O}}_{i}$] denotes the initial oxygen-interstitial concentration; $n$, the electron concentration; ${D}_{i}$, the diffusion coefficient of oxygen interstitials; and $a$ and $b$, constants. Based on this equation, the maximum concentration ${[{n}_{\mathrm{TD}}(t=\ensuremath{\infty})]}_{\mathrm{eq}}$ and initial formation rate ${[\frac{d{n}_{\mathrm{TD}}(t)}{\mathrm{dt}}]}_{t=0}$ are expressed, respectively, by ${[{n}_{\mathrm{TD}}(t=\ensuremath{\infty})]}_{\mathrm{eq}}=(\frac{a}{b}){[{\mathrm{O}}_{i}]}^{3}{n}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ and ${[\frac{d{n}_{\mathrm{TD}}(t)}{\mathrm{dt}}]}_{t=0}=a{D}_{i}{[{\mathrm{O}}_{i}]}^{4}{n}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. The equations are used to derive the annealing-temperature and dopant-concentration dependences as well as the oxygen-concentration dependence of thermal-donor formation. Enhancement of the thermal donor formation in heavily doped, $p$-type materials and its suppression in heavily doped, $n$-type materials are theoretically deduced and the latter is experimentally confirmed by deep-level transient (capacitance) spectroscopy (DLTS). It is found that the aggregates with four oxygen atoms are doubly charged donors. It is further suggested that the early aggregates with two or three oxygen atoms would be doubly charged donors and would play the role of the predominant thermal donors in the initial formation stage at a temperature lower than 450\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C.


This document describes the sampling procedure and related technical documentation for the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study. The New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study (NZAVS) is a 20-year longitudinal national study of social attitudes, personality and health outcomes of more than 60,000 New Zealanders. The study is broad-ranging and includes researchers from a number of New Zealand universities, including the University of Auckland, Victoria University of Wellington, the University of Canterbury, the University of Otago, and Massey University. The NZAVS extends our understanding of how New Zealanders' life circumstances, attitudes, values, and beliefs change over time. The study is university-based, not-for-profit and independent of political or corporate funding. The NZAVS is curated by Professor Chris Sibley.


We propose a formalism of a compact model for circuit simulations of spin wave interconnects. The developed SPICE Spin Wave model is based on the theory of numerical micromagnetics, and serves as a building block for a hierarchical circuit simulation tool for spintronic circuits and systems. We demonstrate excellent agreement between the SPICE model simulations and full micromagnetic solver results. We also present a scheme of exciting spin waves in spin wave bus having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Spin waves are excited with an oscillating change of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in a magnetoelectric cell. We use our proposed SPICE model to analyze this structure: determine the length of spin wave attenuation, delay in the bus, and the dependence of amplitude on the change of anisotropy.


A hydraulic pressure control device 1 includes an accumulator 44 configured to accumulate oil supplied by a mechanical pump 31 and discharge the accumulated oil to a C1 control system 18; a first oil path 46 connected to a hydraulic path 33 (clutch oil path 38) at an upstream side than an SLC linear solenoid 40; a second oil path 47 connected to the hydraulic path 33 (clutch oil path 38) at a downstream side of a manual valve 41; a connection control means (switching valve 48, accumulation control valve 43) configured to control the connection between the accumulator 44 and the hydraulic path 33 to communicate the accumulator 44 to either one of the first oil path 46 and the second oil path 47; and a back pressure control oil path 50 configured to supply the oil supplied by the mechanical pump 31 to the back pressure side of the accumulator 44. A plurality of functions (accumulation/discharging function, dumper function) thus can be suitably realized with a single accumulator 44.


The need to establish key performance indicators for facilities management (FM) is well recognised. However, difficulties in establishing universally‐accepted definitions of the FM function and its management process continue to confound the identification and application of a generic set of performance parameters. This paper describes the process of developing a management‐by‐variance tool for monitoring the performance of the FM function of a major financial services company. The dual problems of the absence of a standardised set of key performance indicators (KPIs) and the lack of existing data for performance evaluation were addressed using a Delphi group. The principle of management‐by‐variance is based on the monitoring and analysis of performance trends, which is done by monitoring changes in performance using a bespoke (rather than generalised) set of performance indicators. This paper describes the process of creating the pilot version of a management‐by‐variance tool in sufficient detail to allow the process to be replicated to create other sets of bespoke KPIs. The process and outcomes of the exercise to short‐list, rank, and weight a finalised list of 23 KPIs are discussed. The KPIs are analysed in the context of the method of their selection, prioritisation and weighting for their intended custom application.


Health literacy has become an increasingly important topic in public health. It has been shown that limited health literacy is associated with poor health and high health care cost. Economic theory suggests that health literacy is also related to health care utilization. While there are quite a few studies on the relationship between health literacy and the use of hospital services and preventive interventions, outpatient physician visits are less well covered in the literature. The objective of this study is to test whether health literacy is connected to the utilization of outpatient physician services. Five count data models are assessed by means of three goodness of fit measures and a test for overdispersion. The final LOG-ZTNB model shows no significant association between health literacy and the probability to have seen a physician of any kind. The number of specialist visits, however, is highest for people with very good health literacy who have been in specialist care. Well educated people have fewer GP visits when they are in GP treatment but are more likely to have seen a specialist. These results are in opposition to predictions of the Grossman model or the theory of supplier induced demand. JEL-Classification: I11, I18, C21


Abstract Students invariably ask the question "How large does n have to be for Z and t intervals to give appropriate coverage probabilities?" In this article we review the role of , where (X) is the skewness coefficient of the random sample, in the answer to this question. We also comment on the opposite effect that (X) has on the behavior of t intervals compared to Z intervals, and we suggest simple exercises for deriving rules of thumb for n that result in appropriate confidence interval coverage. Our presentation follows the format of lesson plans for three course levels: Introductory, intermediate, and advanced. These lesson plans are sequentially developed, meaning that the lesson plan for an intermediate level course includes all activities from the lesson plan for an introductory course, but with additional explanations and/or activities.


The Long Wavelength Array (LWA) is a low-frequency radio telescope designed to produce highsensitivity, high-resolution spectra in the frequency range of 10-88 MHz. The Long Wavelength Array Station 1 (LWA1) is the first LWA station completed in April 2011, and is located near the VLA site in New Mexico, USA. LWA1 consists of a 256 element array operating as a single-station telescope. The sensitivity of the LWA1, combined with the low radio frequency interference environment, allows us to observe the fine spectral structure of Jupiter's decametric modulation lanes. During the Hisaki observation campaign from January 1 to 15 in 2014 we made a series of observations to monitor Jupiter's decametric radio emissions by using LWA1. During this period we used 91 hours of total machine time of LWA1. We selected the LWA1 spectrograph observing mode (time resolution: 40ms, frequency resolution: 20kHz). The total volume size of the collected data was about 117GB. During this observing period 14 non-Io-related events of Jupiter radio emissions were observed: 7 for the non-Io-A source, 6 for non-Io-B, and 1 for non-Io-C. We developed a system of semi-automatic data analysis in the study of Jupiter's decametric modulation lanes. By using this system we analyzed the 14 non-Io-related Jupiter radio emissions. By the modulation lane method [Imai et al., 1997, 2002, 2006], the source parameters of the non-Iorelated sources were analyzed. The source L-shell parameter in the case of non-Io-related sources is not well known; therefore, we assumed the fixed L-shell value. One non-Io-A event shows the different cone half-angle parameters between two groups of arc structures on the dynamic spectrum. All other non-Io-A events show almost the same value of cone half-angles based on the fixed L-shell value. The results of all non-Io-related data analysis will be discussed.


Background: Delay in presentation of breast cancer is usually detrimental to patient survival. Women with breast from rural areas of developing countries usually present late because of shyness and unawareness about the grave nature of disease. Under this background present study was carried out. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of 4 years in the Department of Surgery in SMHS (Shri Maharaja Hari Singh) hospital at Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India, from January 2013 to January 2017.  A total of 31 patients of advanced breast cancer with delayed presentation were studied during this period.
Objective: Our aim wasto look for the reasons of delayed presentation of breast carcinoma and highlight the need for measures to be taken in this regard.
Results: The age of the patients ranged from 33 years to 77 years. The mean age was 61.9 years. The average age in the elder group (>50 years) was 68 years. Most of the patients were of >50 years age. They were uneducated, unaware about the lethal nature of disease, and were shy in exposing their breasts to health care persons. Most (83%) of them were from rural areas.
Conclusion: Since majority of our patients were illiterate, unaware about the lethal nature of disease and were shy to expose their diseased breasts to health care personal, hence need of the hour is to create awareness about the nature of disease, its symptomatology, self-breast examination, and the risks conducting associated with delay in seeking medical advice after first noticing the disease.
Key words: Delayed presentation, advanced, breast cancer, illiterate.


In this paper, a permanent-magnet brushless (BL) DC motor is analyzed for cogging torque reduction. The high cogging torque is an important side effect in permanent magnet BLDC motor since it causes torque ripple problems. A simple decrease in cogging torque can be achieved by changing some physical parameters such as magnet arc, slot openings, etc. In this work, some cogging torque minimization techniques are proposed and some simulation results are provided for 24-slot, interior-type BLDC motor used in washers.


Life in ancient in area indigenous ancients,in identification,gathering,use"medicine"in the process,accumulated to"Jia or the bitter tea"for medicinal purposes value understanding,and further because "Jia"can alleviate boils the salty environment the pain which produces to the human,increased to"Jia" demand.The two complemented each other,established the later generation"Jia"to drink by the medicine evolves the foundation which drank for the tea.


This paper presents a high energy-efficiency and high bandwidth-density dielectric waveguide based sub-THz interconnect. A bumpless flip-channel packaged nearfield coupled transition based channel together with the holistic active circuit design scheme boosts the energy efficiency to the record based on the authors' best knowledge. The channel demonstrates the transmission loss of 0.04 dB/mm and the bending loss of 0.17 dB/bend. This proof-of-concept sub-THz link, with active circuits in 65 nm bulk CMOS, demonstrates the bit error rate of less than 1 × 10−12 up to 12.1 Gb/s with a high bandwidth density of 80.7 Gb/s/mm2. The record energy efficiency of 0.32 pJ/b is achieved at 10 Gb/s with 3.2 mW power consumption. The communication distance is 46.2 mm.


Pure, MgO doped and B2C3 doped monocalcium, dicalcium, and tricalcium silicates were prepared with different glass contents. Characterization of the anhydrous materials was carried out using optical microscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. The hydration of these compounds was studied as a function of the glass contents. The hydration studies were conducted at 25°C. Water/solid ratios of 0.5, 1, 10, and 16 were used for the various experiments. The hydration behavior was monitored through calorimetry, conductometry, pH measurements, morphological developments by scanning electron microscopy, phase development by X-ray powder diffraction, and percent combined water by thermogravimetry. A highly sensitive ten cell pseudo-adiabatic microcalorimeter was designed and constructed for early hydration studies. Conductometry was found to be of great utility in monitoring the hydration of monocalcium silicate and the borate doped dicalcium silicates.


In this paper, we present an easily accessible approach to finding a suitable shape parameter in the shifted surface spline for function interpolation. We aim at helping more readers, including mathematicians and non-mathematicians, to use our method to solve practical problems. Hence, some highly complicated mathematical theorems and definitions are avoided. The major requirement, as in our previous approach, that the data points should be evenly spaced in the domain is also relaxed. This means that the data points are purely scattered without restrictions. The drawback is that the shape parameter thus obtained is not exactly the same as the theoretically predicted optimal value, which can always be achieved by using our previous rigorous approach. However, experiments show that the gap is quite small and the final interpolation errors thus obtained are satisfactory.


Fukushima, Ian Shinji Ferreira. Impact of social distancing due to the COVID19 pandemic on property crimes in São Paulo: a Bayesian spatiotemporal modelling case study. School of Economics, Business Administration and Accounting at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2021. With the goal of stopping COVID-19 infections, several countries adopted social distancing regulations, including closure of non essential establishments and mobility restrictions. This paper estimates the impact of these regulations on property crime in the state of São Paulo. The impact is estimated using a Bayesian spatiotemporal model, and is disaggregated by microregions. The space variability of the impact is used to infer which observed variables characterize places with higher probability of impact. We found that most microregions experienced a decrease in property crime, and that these places are characterized by higher isolation indices and less receipt of emergency cash transfers.


Korea's agricultural land is constantly being reduced. The reasons for this are due to the change of agricultural profitability and the policy conditions. The reduction of agricultural land in 2010 showed a decline trend by 14.4 % of paddy fields and 1.2% of uplands compared to areas from 2000. These reductions were mainly due to switch rice paddy fields into upland or greenhouse facility cultivation because of low profitability of rice products compared to farm products. In addition, the permit system of agricultural areas was relaxed in switching paddy fields and this accelerated the reduction of agricultural land. For this reason, more than 1% of agricultural land area has been reduced every year for last five years. Moreover, indiscreet fill and cover materials such as construction wastes were used in agricultural lands and caused land contamination which threatened foundation as sustainable agricultural lands. For these reasons, it is a desperate situation to conserve good agricultural lands. However, the standards of transported soils, filling soils and cutting soils in the Agricultural Land Act are qualitative and have a problem of causing complaints. Therefore, the following criteria (proposals) are proposed in the Agricultural Land Act; ① Use the proper soils for crops (criterion), ② Soil components and amounts should be proper as transported soils (range), and ③ Prohibiting usage of improper earth rocks or recycled aggregates in case of filling soils (kinds). The presented criteria (proposals) suggest following; ① Use physio-chemically proper soils for crops (criterion), ② In case of transported soils, ⅰ, exclude potential acid sulphate soils, ⅱ, gravel content sould be less than 15%, and ⅲ, Heavy metals and other contaminants should be less than the soil contamination warning limit from the Ministry of Environments, ③ In case of filling soils, 13 kinds of recycled wastes specified in the Wastes Control Act should not be used as filling soils, ④ Practice soil conservation technology in case of sloping areas, and ⑤ Follow proper fertilizer application standards for maturing paddy fields and uplands when cutting soils.


Electronic markets are thought to be perfectly efficient in terms of price levels, price dispersion, menu costs and the number of competitive sellers in the market. Indeed, menu costs and prices are usually lower online, but some empirical studies have found that electronic markets are characterised by high price dispersion and high concentration of market power. The author suggests that because of low costs of searching and acquiring information, small number of sellers and low menu costs electronic markets provide better conditions for tacit collusion. The fact that sellers are able to react to competitors' actions faster than buyers may even foster prices to increase. Tighter online competition forces each seller to differentiate from others by advertising his own brand name. In a static equilibrium an increase of the number of buyers may lead to escalation of advertising expenses and force less efficient sellers out of the market.


8 M ark does homework curled against pillows and cushions he places on his bedroom floor. Before he opens a book, he ties a bandanna around the shade of his desk lamp, turns on his wrap-around-music system, and surrounds himself with snacks. Mark intermittently takes breaks to telephone a classmate or watch a sports event on television for 10-15 minutes before he returns to studying. If you were Mark's parent, would you be concerned about this homework pattern? Most parents think that their offspring will learn as they do! That only happens half the time; our studies suggest that the first two siblings in many families learn differently, and often in diametrically opposite ways. How people learn is called their learning style. Everyone has a learning style but, in the same family, spouses often tend to learn differently from each other, and each of their children's styles differ from each other and from one of their parents' styles. There is no good or bad learning style; each enables that person to learn. However, many parents and teachers do not understand and, therefore, do not acknowledge children's diverse learning patterns. When those adults disparage how certain children try to learn, they inadvertently encourage those youngsters to study in the wrong way (for the youngster). This scenario is particularly ABOUT know


Communication is a common subject in a variety of scientific disciplines and in medicine it means building a doctor patient relationship, listening, gaining trust, empathy [1-3]. In recent years the reasons have been investigated why a patient follows a given dental therapy. The role of communication used during dental treatment verbal and non-verbal is the basis of these studies. Often in dental practice there are the so-called "difficult patients". Their treatment is defined as a stress factor in everyday practice and a challenge for the dentist [1]. The dentist requires a special approach with these types of patients in order to have strong communication with the patient and to facilitate better therapeutic results and satisfaction with the treatment [3-5]. The aim of this study is to investigate the opinion of Bulgarian dental practitioners and dental students regarding the role of communication in the treatment of "difficult patients." ISSN: 2641-1768 DOI: 10.32474/SJPBS.2018.01.000121 Sch J Psychol & Behav Sci Citation: Vesela A. Exploring the Opinion of Bulgarian Dentists and Students of Dental Medicine About the Role of Communication in the Treatment of "Difficult Patients" in the Dental Practice. Sch J Psychol & Behav Sci. 1(5)-2018. SJPBS MS.ID.000121. DOI: 10.32474/ SJPBS.2018.01.000121. Copyrights@ Vesela Aleksandrova. 91 76.81% after communication training define the importance of talking to a patient as "very important"; 58.82% before and 59.42% of the students after learning communication techniques reported that having special communication skills is "very important". The survey among the dentists included the question: "Which patients do you define as extremely difficult". They were offered to choose from 14 specific groups of patients, assessed with the three-point Likert scale as " not difficult ", " difficult " and " very difficult " (Chart 1). More than one answer was possible. 99 of the dentists (76,16% ± 3,74) considered as "very difficult" patients with mental illness, followed by non-compliant patients (n = 83, 63.85% ± 4.21) and aggressive patients (n = 69; 53.08% ± 4.38). It turns out that easiest to treat are family members (n = 81; 61,36% ± 4,24) and friends (n = 68; 51.52% ± 4.35). The results of the students are presented in Chart 2 & 3. It turns out that there is a statistically significant difference in some of the categories, comparing the results before and after communication training: after the training the share of students who define anxious patients as "very difficult" increases from 34.92% ± 4.25 to 51.82% ± 4.27 ( p <0.01; u = 2.95). Patients with disabilities are, according to 4,41% ± 1,76 of the students before training, "very difficult", after training 15,38% ± 3,16 (p <0,01 ; u = 2,56) . Half of the students surveyed before training noted that non-compliant patients are "very difficult" and their share after communication training rises to 66.67% ± 4.01 (p <0.05; u = 2.24). There is no difference in the responses about aggressive patients before training 76,47% ± 3,64 identify them as "very difficult ", after training 75.36% ± 3.66 . Students were also given the opportunity to share their opinion about their own behavior towards the socalled "difficult" patients before and after communication training. Nine common reactions were defined in the questionnaires (Chart 4 & 5). After communication training, the share of students who responded with "nervous" and "angry" significantly decreased, and the share of respondents with "stay calm" slightly increased. Chart 1: Frequency of the dentists' responses to the question: "Which patients do you define as difficult" according to the characteristics. Characteristics of the patient Evaluation are not difficult difficult very difficult n p% ± Sp n p% ± Sp n p% ± Sp aggressive 13 10.00 ± 2.63 48 36.92 ± 4.23 69 53.08 ± 4.38 know-it-all 26 19.85 + 3.48 60 45.80 ± 4.35 45 34.35 ± 4.15 anxious 23 17.69 ± 3.35 75 57.69 ± 4.33 32 24.62 ± 3.78 haughty 35 26.52 ± 3.84 72 54.54 4.33 25 18.94 ± 3.41 skeptical towards conventional medicine 34 25.76 ± 3.81 68 51.51 ± 4.35 30 22.73 ± 3.64 hyperactive 31 23.48 ± 3.69 80 60.61 ± 4.25 21 15.91 ± 3.18 with body disabilities 67 51.54 ± 4.38 48 36.92 ± 4.23 15 11.54 ± 2.80 do not speak the language well 58 44.27 ± 4.34 53 40.46 ± 4.29 20 15.27 ± 3.14 non-compliant 9 6.92 ± 2.23 38 29.23 ± 3.99 83 63.85 ± 4.21 with mental illness 9 6.92 ± 2.23 22 16.92 ± 3.29 99 76.16 ± 3.74 cheeky 29 22.14 ± 3.63 67 51.14 ± 4.37 35 26.72 ± 3.87 highly sensitive 32 24.43 ± 3.75 84 64.12 ± 4.19 15 11.45 ± 2.78 friends 68 51.52 ± 4.35 37 28.03 ± 3.91 27 20.45 ± 3.51 family members 81 61.36 ± 4.24 33 25.0 0 ±3.77 18 13.64 ± 2.99 Chart 2: Frequency of the students' responses to the question: " Which patients do you define as difficult" according to the characteristics before attending communication course. Characteristics of the patient Evaluation not difficult difficult very difficult n p% ± Sp n p% ± Sp n p% ± Sp aggressive 4 2.94 ± 1.45 28 20.59 ± 3.47 104 76.47 ± 3.64 know-it-all 16 11.76 ± 2.76 56 41.18 ± 4.22 64 47.06 ± 4.28 anxious 30 23.81 ± 3.79 52 41.27 ± 4.39 44 34.92 ± 4.25 haughty 42 30.88 ± 3.96 62 45.59 ± 4.27 32 23.53 ± 3.64 skeptical towards conventional medicine 32 23.53 ± 3.64 84 61.76 ± 4.17 20 14.71 ± 3.04 hyperactive 22 17.19 ± 3.33 72 56.25 ± 4.38 34 26.56 ± 3.90 Sch J Psychol & Behav Sci Copyrights@ Vesela Aleksandrova. Citation: Vesela A. Exploring the Opinion of Bulgarian Dentists and Students of Dental Medicine About the Role of Communication in the Treatment of "Difficult Patients" in the Dental Practice. Sch J Psychol & Behav Sci. 1(5)-2018. SJPBS MS.ID.000121. DOI: 10.32474/ SJPBS.2018.01.000121. 92 Chart 3: Frequency of the students' responses to the question: "Which patients do you define as difficult" according to the characteristics after attending communication course. Characteristics of the patient Evaluation not difficult difficult very difficult n p% ± Sp n p% ± Sp n p% ± Sp aggressive 10 7.25 ± 2.20 24 17.39 ± 3.22 104 75.36 ± 3.66 know-it-all 8 5.80 ± 1.99 44 31.89 ± 3.97 86 62.31 ± 4.13 anxious 6 4.38 ± 1.75 60 43.80 ± 4.24 71 51.82 ± 4.27 haughty 26 19.70 + 3.46 62 46.97 ± 4.34 44 33.33 ± 4.10 skeptical towards conventional medicine 24 17.91 ± 3.31 76 56.72 ± 4.28 34 25.37 ± 3.76 hyperactive 36 26.01 ± 3.74 66 47.83 ± 4.25 36 26.10 ± 3.74 with body disabilities 48 36.92 ± 4.23 62 47.69 ± 4.38 20 15.38 ± 3.16 do not speak the language well 54 39.13 ± 4.15 70 50.73 ± 4.26 14 10.14 ± 2.57 non-compliant 4 2.90 ± 1.43 42 30.43 ± 3.92 92 66.67 ± 4.01 with mental illness 4 2.99 ± 1.47 24 17.91 ± 3.31 106 79.10 ± 3.51 cheeky 26 19.40 + 3.42 60 44.78 ± 4.30 48 35.82 ± 4.14 highly sensitive 34 24.64 ± 3.67 72 52.17 ± 4.25 32 23.19 ± 3.59 friends 80 57.97 ± 4.20 44 31.89 ± 3.97 14 10.14 ± 2.57 family members 78 56.52 ± 4.22 46 33.34 ± 4.01 14 10.14 ± 2.57 Chart 4: Students' behavior during a conversation with "difficult patients" before communication training.


Integrating mobile robots into human society involves the fundamental problem of navigation in crowds. This problem has been studied by considering the behaviour of humans at the level of individuals, but this representation limits the computational efficiency of motion planning algorithms. We explore the idea of representing a crowd as a flow field, and propose a formal definition of path quality based on the concept of invasiveness; a robot should attempt to navigate in a way that is minimally invasive to humans in its environment. We develop an algorithmic framework for path planning based on this definition and present experimental results that indicate its effectiveness. These results open new algorithmic questions motivated by the flow field representation of crowds and are a necessary step on the path to end-to-end implementations.


Alvin Fajar Sugesta, 2019, 8223163608, Title "Effects of Celebrity Endorsers on Intentions of Online Transaction at Bukalapak (Case Study of Students of the Faculty of
Economics, Jakarta State University)"DIII Marketing Management Study Program. Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Jakarta.

This study aims to determine the effect of Celebrity Endorser on the intention to transact online at Bukalapak. In this study data was obtained by distributing questionnaires. The sample
used was 126 respondents who had visited the Bukalapak site. The data analysis method used is simple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variable celebrity endorser has a positive and significant effect on the intention to transact online. This is indicated by the R Square value of 0.331 or 33.1%.

Keyword : Celebrity Endorser, Intention of Online Transaction


Objective To explore the clinical features and prognosis of cardiogenic shock (CS) in pediatric patients. Methods Nineteen patients with CS admitted to our PICU from January 2002 to December 2005 were included in the study. The clinical data, the records of electrocardiogram, chest radiograph, echocardiograph were reviewed, and the prognostic value of these indexes were analyzed. Results The clinical manifestations of pediatric CS were respiratory or gastrointestinal systems without specific features. The mortality was 68.4%, and among them 61.5% died within 24 hrs after admission. The time of the death was on average 31.5 hrs after admission. The underlying diseases were fulminant acute myocarditis (5/8), congenital heart disease (5/6), cardiomyopathy (2/2), and infect endocarditis (1/1). The causes of death were cardiac pump failure (4), arrhythmias (4) and cardiac pump failure with arrhythmias (5). There were no significant differences in the hemodynamic parameters of echocardiography such as LVEF, SVI, LVEDVI, LVESVI, CI between patients who survived and those who died. The mortality of CS with DIC or cardiopulmonary arrest was 100% and 75%, respectively. The mortality was not related to the severity of liver/renal dysfunction or metabolic acidosis. Conclusion The mortality of pediatric CS was high, especially soon after admission. The patients with CS and DIC or cardiopulmonary arrest had the poorest prognosis. The main causes of death were cardiac pump failure and/or arrhythmias in the patients with myocarditis, congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography was the most useful noninvasive diagnostic mean and it should be used as an early routine examination. However the parameters could not be regarded as prognosis-related. Traditional management was not useful for treating CS patients. The techniques of VAD, BiVAD and ECMO should be introduced as soon as possible for treating CS originated from fulminant acute myocarditis in order to improve the prognosis.


98 ABSTRACT— This paper presents noise filtering technique of noisy image using cellular automata (CA). Two new approaches to reduce noise form a noisy image have been proposed. In the first approach, difference values of Moore neighbors form center pixel are calculated, then sorted in ascending order and the center pixel value is updated depending on the present pixel values using CA rule. In second approach, all pixels value of Moore neighbor including center pixel are sorted in ascending order. Then the minimum and maximum values are eliminated form sorted pixel values and the center pixel value is updated using CA rule. Results are compared with other existing filtering technique in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio ( PSNR). This comparisons shows that a filter based on CA provides significant improvements over the standard filtering methods.


Goats are generally kept quite a lot and are livestock that have the potential to produce meat to meet protein of animal origin. This study aims to determine the difference between the body dimensions of local goats in Ladongi District, East Kolaka Regency with the research material of 165 Kacang goats and 121 Jawarandu goats. Peanut goats were divided into 3 age groups, namely (≤12 months, 13-24 months, >24 months) each with 87, 46, 32 heads, and Jawarandu goats were divided into 3 age groups (≤12 months, 13 months). -24 months, >24 months) each were 49, 33, 39 using a purposive sampling research method. Research parameters include the body measured includes body length, shoulder height, chest circumference, chest depth, hip height, hip width, and body weight. The data obtained were processed to obtain a correlation (r). The results showed that the age difference was very significant. The conclusion of the research variable that has the strongest correlation value in estimating body weight is chest circumference


This paper presents the critical components of a contactless IC testing infrastructure to power on-chip characterization circuits. This includes an inductively-coupled, contactless power delivery system implemented on a 90 nm CMOS technology using 150 mum times 150 mum on-chip and off-chip spiral inductors, low loss rectifiers and on-chip voltage regulators to create a constant and repeatable 1-V, 8.5-mW DC source. We present the measured process variation of ring oscillator test circuits in contrast to the on-chip voltage source variation to demonstrate the feasibility of process variation analysis using this system.


The nucleophilic addition of allylstannanes to (2R*,5S*,6S*)-2-acetoxy-5-benzyloxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane 1 has been studied. The optimum conditions involve the use of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate in dichloromethane at –78 °C. In the examples studied, substitution of the acetoxy group at C-2 proceeds from an axial direction, however, subsequent ring flipping of the substituted ring occurs as well affording allylated products in which the substituents at both C-2 and C-5 are equatorial.


Classroom design should be focused on the enhancement of the acoustic comfort for students and teachers. Long reverberation times and excessive noise levels can raise vocal effort and negatively affect speech intelligibility. Recent studies and standards updates have investigated whether acoustic treatment should include both absorbent and diffusive surfaces to account for the teaching and learning premises at the same time; however, studies under realistic conditions for the improvement of existing classrooms acoustics are still needed. In this work, an existing Italian classroom with poor acoustics was considered. Several solutions for treatment were simulated using CATT-Acoustics®, including adjustment of the absorption and scattering coefficients of surfaces differently configured to reach optimal reverberation time, and to increase Speech Transmission Index and Definition, especially for the positions in the furthest raw. The effectiveness of the acoustic treatment was also evaluated in terms of enha...


Abstract
 We demonstrate, through separate and combined phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters, nucleotide sequences, and coded gaps of two DNA regions (plastid rpl32-trnL and nrDNA-ITS) using parsimony and Bayesian inference, that Lophiarella (Orchidaceae), as originally circumscribed, is polyphyletic. We re-circumscribe the genus to exclude one of the two species included in the original description and include two others, which requires two new combinations: Lophiarella splendida and Lophiarella flavovirens. As newly circumscribed, Lophiarella is strongly supported as a monophyletic assemblage within the Trichocentrum-clade, where it is sister to the (Cohniella, (Trichocentrum, Lophiaris)) clade. Lophiarella is easily diagnosable within the Trichocentrum-clade, among other characters, by the conduplicate yet rigidly fleshy-coriaceous leaves and the rigidly erect inflorescences with peduncles coated with a conspicuous, waxy film. In the context of a phylogenetic analysis, we discuss the evolution of several taxonomically, ecologically and biogeographically relevant characters, such as rostellum shape, vegetative architecture, labellum, and column structure. We also present a key to the genera of the Trichocentrum-clade and a taxonomic revision of the species of Lophiarella with keys, descriptions, nomenclature, iconography, discussion of affinities, ecological and biogeographical information, a distribution map, and full exsiccata citations.


Decision feedback is used to improve the quality of the phase references needed for detecting the differentially encoded BPSK messages. Unlike the standard differentially coherent detector, the two quadrature detection references are formed with K symbols just received. To generate the detection phase references, the bi-phase modulation on the received symbols first is removed with decision feedbacks. The modified in-phase and quadrature phase components of K such symbols are linearly combined and then serve as the phase references needed for symbol detections. Transition detection error probabilities are analyzed and used to examine the transient behavoir and the time required for reaching a steady-state.


The invention discloses a kind of tunnel connection channel constructing device, including the excavating device in tunnel duct piece, the shield device being connected with excavating device, the jacking mechanism being connected with shield device is installed on handling apparatus, support meanss, transporter and reaction frame in frame.The invention discloses a kind of tunnel connection channel, easily there can be battery truck to be transported into using the device, and be automatically supported on tunnel duct piece.Under the cooperation of the systems such as handling rotary device, excavating device, shield device, based on integrated reaction frame, by propelling cylinder jacking section of jurisdiction, realize that equipment is excavated forward automatically.Based on this constructing device, it is possible to achieve service channel efficiently, is safely, conveniently constructed, and greatly reduces labor strength.


We utilize eight circular passes of measured airborne X-Band radar data to form a novel reflectivity surface estimate. Our previous work demonstrated reflectivity surface estimation from narrow aperture multi-pass data and this work extends those results to wide apertures. Narrow aperture surface estimates are co-registered in the three spatial dimensions and combined non-coherently to form a wide-aperture data product. For the purpose of visually conveying the scene reflectivity content a surface is formed from the wide angle data product. The subject of this work is not on the optimality of the methods nor the global convexity of the cost functions. Instead, these results give us one of the first glimpses at measured wide angle three dimensional SAR image products and provide a qualitative benchmark against which to measure future wide angle three dimensional synthetic aperture radar autofocus and imaging algorithms.


Computer calculations have been made of the characteristics of a pulsed DF–CO2 chemical laser and these are compared with the experimental results. The model incorporates a separate description of the chemical reaction and stimulated emission kinetics. A comparison is made with the results of calculations made by other authors. An analysis shows that existing models do not give satisfactory agreement with the experiment. The probable reasons for this disagreement are considered.


In this study, we have come to classify experiment illustrations inserted in chemistry I textbook according to types (photographs and pictures) and roles (instruments, reagents, process and results). Also, in the case of person in illustrations not following the safety rules or mishandling instruments in the experimental process, we have come to define it as an 'error'. The problem is that, students tend to accept these errors unquestioningly and as a result, during the experiments, safety concerns can arise. Besides, the mishandling of instruments can lead to the wrong result of experiments. These errors are thought to be caused in the process of making illustrations. Therefore, to minimize errors in the illustrations for the experiments, experts specializing in illustrations should participate in the actual experimental illustrations process.


Methods, system and apparatus are provided for Suppression of steering wheel vibrations generated by an electric power steering system of a vehicle. A feedback controller is pro vided that extracts information from ABS pulse trains com municated over the vehicle's LAN to generate estimates of instantaneous tire position and angular Velocity. The esti mated tire position is used to generate carrier signals. The carrier signals are then processed with a measured dynamic disturbance signal to extract periodic content of the torque sensor. The estimated tire frequency is applied to a stored inverse motor drive-to-sensor torque transfer function togen erate gain and phase adjustments that, along with the extracted periodic content of the torque sensor, can be applied to carrier signals to generate again-and-phase-compensated motor drive signal. The gain-and-phase-compensated motor drive signal is fedback to the electric motor to suppress the periodic content in the output signal of the torque sensor to suppress vibrations at the vehicle's steering wheel.


Nowadays, adaptivity has been an important tool to reduce the computation time of flows in very refined meshes, both in turbulent and laminar flows. Although it has been studied in a small number of cases, specially steady cases. The a posteriori error criterion used, suitable for Finite-Volume methods, is based on the fit error of the LS regression used in the variables profile reconstruction, the regression can be used to compute a residual of the governing equations. This estimator has been already used in an anisotropic refinement problem [1]. This estimator was studied with different solutions of the Poisson, Convection-Diffusion and NavierStokes equations. Cases with analytic solution were selected to study the estimators performance in the adaptive procedure. The main goal is to perform mesh refinement during the computation maintain spatial accuracy to a desired level. 1 ADAPTIVE PROCEDURE The technique used in this work can make different kinds of profile regressions to the computed variable, using the weighted least square method for each cell. We can selected different polynomial order, types of cell neighbours and order (vertex or face neighbours, first or second neighbours). The weight is computed with the inverse of the distance square of the cells centroids, this is the typical weight used when computing the cell centered gradient values with least squares gradient scheme: (1) With the profile regression for each cell we can computed two different types of adaptive criteria. We can use a second or a third order polynomial and compute new face's values and gradients and revaluate the equation's residuals. This technique works like an error estimator and it also gives a good approximation of the error distribution in the computational domain. We select to refine the cells each have values higher than the following formula (2), based in the selected and the mean volume error:


In thin optoelectronic devices, like organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or thin-film solar cells (TFSC), light propagation, which is initiated by a local point source, is of particular importance. In OLEDs, light is generated in the layer by the luminescence of single molecules, whereas in TFSCs, light is coupled into the devices by scattering at small surface features. In both applications, light propagation within the active layers has a significant impact on the optical device performance. Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) using aperture probes is a powerful tool to investigate this propagation with a high spatial resolution. Dual-probe SNOM allows simulating the local light generation by an illumination probe as well as the detection of the light propagated through the layer. In our work, we focus on the light propagation in thin silicon films as used in thin-film silicon solar cells. We investigate the light-in-coupling from an illuminating probe via rigorous solution of Maxwell's equations using a Finite-Difference Time-Domain approach, especially to gain insight into the light distribution inside a thin layer, which is not accessible in the experiment. The structures investigated include at and structured surfaces with varying illumination positions and wavelengths. From the performed simulations, we define a "spatial sensitivity" which is characteristic for the local structure and illumination position. This quantity can help to identify structures which are beneficial as well as detrimental to absorption inside the investigated layer. We find a strong dependence of the spatial sensitivity on the surface structure as well as both the absorption coefficient and the probe position. Furthermore, we investigate inhomogeneity in local light propagation resulting from different surface structures and illumination positions.


Loss-of-function studies are key to investigate gene function and CRISPR technology has made genome editing widely accessible in model organisms and cells. However, conditional gene inactivation in diploid cells is still difficult to achieve. Here, we present CRISPR-FLIP, a strategy that provides an efficient, rapid, and scalable method for bi-allelic conditional gene knockouts in diploid cells by co-delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 and a universal conditional intron cassette.


Uncharged droplets on outdoor high‐voltage equipment suffer a non‐vanishing total force in non‐homogeneous electric fields. Here, the model problem of a spherical test body is considered in arbitrary dimensions. A series expansion of inhomogeneity indicators is proven, which approximates the total force in local terms of the undisturbed electric field. The proof uses the ideas of generalized spherical harmonics without referring to the particular choice of the orthonormal system. The fast converging series expansion establishes a relationship between the solutions of two partial differential equations on different domains. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Experimental lines of Drosophila rnelanogaster derived from a natural population, which had been isolated in the laboratory for -70 generations, were crossed to determine if the expression of additive, dominance and epistatic genetic variation in development time and viability was associated with the environment. No association was found between the level of additive genetic effects and environmental value for either trait, but nonadditive genetic effects increased at both extremes of the environmental range for development time. The expression f high levels of dominance and epistatic genetic variation at environmental extremes may be a general expectation for some traits. The disruption of the epistatic gene complexes in the parental lines resulted in hybrid breakdown toward faste development and there was some indication of hybrid breakdown toward higher viability. A combination of genetic drift and natural selection had therefore resulted in different epistatic gene complexes being selected after -70 generations from a common genetic base. After crossing, the hybrid populations were observed for 10 generations. Epistasis contributed on average 12 hr in development time. Fluctuating asymmetry in sternopleural bristle number also evolved in the hybrid populations, decreasing by >18% in the first seven generations after hybridization. I T is well known that the environment will influence the level of additive genetic variance, and in particular, an increase in environmental stress may change the additive genetic variance in a predictable fashion (LANGRIDGE 1963; PARSONS 1983). An increase in environmental stress has been associated with an increase in heritability in many cases, although the opposite trend has also been found (reviewed in HOFFMANN and PARSONS 1991). In addition to the environment influencing the level of additive genetic variance, the levels of dominance and epistatic genetic variance may also be influenced by the environment. Although heterosis appears to increase with stress levels, no clear trend is apparent for the effects of environmental stress on dominance genetic variance when directly measured (HOFFMANN and PARSONS 1991). An increase in epistasis in a number of traits at environmental extremes was found in crosses between varieties of Nicotiana rustica ( JINKS et al. 1973), the only study to directly address this issue. HOFFMANN and PARSONS (1991, p. 126) review a number of reasons why the genetic components of variance may change under stressful conditions. The primary aim of this study was to determine if simple relationships exist between the expression of the additive, dominance and epistatic genetic variation and stress. The genetic components of two fitness-related traits, development time and viability, were estimated from crosses between Drosophila melanogaster lines that had been founded from a single field population and Curresponding authur: Mark Blows, Department of Zoology, James Cook University, Townsville 481 1, Australia. E-mail: email@example.com Genetics 140: 1149-1159 (July, 1995) then isolated in the laboratory for 4 years. Five replicate crosses between different lines were carried out and the generations required to estimate the various genetic effects were cultured under three environmental conditions. The lines crossed in this experiment were found to exhibit significant levels of epistatic genetic variation for both traits investigated. It has long been recognized that when different geographic populations of the same species are crossed, hybrid breakdown (sometimes called F2 breakdown or outbreeding depression) may occur in the subsequent backcross and F2 generations (sensu VETUKHIV 1953; WALLACE and VETUKHN 1955; reviews in ENDLER 1977; WRIGHT 1977). This phenomenon has been attributed to coadaptation, or integration, of the respective gene pools of each population. In quantitative genetic terms, epistatic genetic variation contributes a significant proportion of the level of the trait under investigation. Therefore, the experimental design in this study allowed a test of the ability of drift and uniform selection to produce epistatic genetic variation between lines derived from a common genetic base. The generation of epistatic genetic variation between replicate lines from a single population has been previously investigated by imposing directional selection for a trait and then determining the level of epistasis in the response. Significant levels of epistasis were demonstrated in some cases (KING 1955; ENFIELD 1977; COW 1984). In the present instance, natural selection under laboratory conditions has replaced the directional selection regimes found in these studies. A further aim of this study was to monitor the evolu1150 M. W. Blows and M. B. Sokolowski tion of development time and viability over a number of generations after hybridization to investigate the behaviour of these two traits after the disruption of the epistatic gene complexes. This situation is analogous to phase I11 of Wright's shifting balance theory of evolution, where one adaptive peak invades another, with the exception that migration between the two peaks has occurred all at once rather than at a low level. The hybird populations were allowed to evolve under the same rearing conditions, which had persisted for the previous 4 years, for 10 generations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stocks The D. melanogaster lines used were created by one of us (M.B.S.) from a collection of 500 adult flies from an orchard near Toronto, Canada, in October 1988. After being kept in the laboratory for 1 year at 20" in 60 culture bottles each generation, six lines were founded from the progeny of single males. The second chromosomes of these lines were then placed on a heterogeneous genetic background by the use of a chromosome-2 balancer stock that had been backcrossed to the orchard population for 10 generations (PEREIRA and SOKOLOWSKJ 1993). This was accomplished as follows: single males were crossed to a multiply-marked balancer strain In(l)FM7, y 3 l d sc8 wa B;PuZ/In(ZLR)SM5, a12 Cy !p sn2 sp21 Ly/In(3LR)TM3, y+ ri p p sep 1(3)89Aa bx43e e (described in LINDSLEV and ZIMM 1992) to isogenize the second pair of chromosomes thus creating iso-2 lines. During this process the chromosomes carrying the balancers were removed so that no genetic variation from the original balancer strain was left in these iso-2 male lines. Each iso-2 male line represented an independent sample of an intact pair of second chromosomes from nature that comprise 40% of the genome of this species (ASHBURNER 1989). Each iso-2 line was then crossed to a heterogenous orchard-derived genetic background. This was done by crossing each line to a chromosome-2 balancer strain In(ZLR)SMl, a12 Cy cn2 spZ/In(ZLR)bwul, ds3k bwvl (described in LINDSLEY and ZIMM 1992), which had been previously backcrossed each generation to a large sample (2000) of flies from the orchard population for 10 generations. Once again, the chromosomes carrying the balancers were removed in the crossing procedure so that little to none of the genetic background from the balanacer strain was left in the resultant lines. Thus each of the lines used in this study had a pair of second chromosomes sampled from nature, while the other chromosomes ( X , Y, 3 and 4) that comprise the remaining 60% of the genome were as variable as those found in the orchard population. The lines are designated throughout this study as R70.1, R30.2, R70.3, S15.3, S15.4 and S80.1 and were maintained at 20" in two culture bottles/line for the next 4 years (-70 generations). All the experiments described below were conducted at 20". Epistatic genetic variation in parental lines: Five replicate crosses were made between the six lines; R70.3 X S15.3, S80.1 X R30.2, R70.1 X S15.4, S80.1 X S15.3 and R30.2 X R70.3. These five crosses were set up in a reciprocal fashion with 25 females and 25 males in each cross. The crosses needed to estimate the genetic effects in a digenic model (parental, reciprocal Fls, F2 and both backcrosses) were generated using 60 females and 20 males for each cross. Development time and viability were the two fitness measures made. Develop ment time to eclosion was scored in 12-hr intervals, and the number of emerging adults was used as the score of viability. The procedure was as follows: the 60 females of each cross were allowed to mate for 7 days and then allowed to lay on a cup containing a molasses/cream of wheat medium for 20 hr. The cups were cleared of any larvae that had hatched and were then left for a further 4 hr. The larvae that had hatched after this 4 h r period were used in the experiments. Associations between genetic parameters and stress: The development time and viability measures were made in three different environments. The first environment consisted of 10 larvae from a cup and 10 larvae of the same age from a D. melanogaster stock marked with the mutation white (w) placed in a standard vial containing 10 ml of a low nutrition medium. This medium had only 5% of the amount of yeast normally used to maintain the stocks. This treatment will be referred to as "low food". Seven replicate vials for each cup were set up. The second environment was standard medium ("high food/propionic acid") and the third was standard medium without the addition of propionic acid which is used as an antibacterial agent in the standard medium ("high food"). Five larvae from a cup were placed into vials containing these two media, with 14 replicate vials set up for each cross for both of these environments. The three environments tested were not set up concurrently in a single block design, but were tested on different days. Therefore, when testing for the presence of differences between the environments below, a possible day effect is confounded with the environment term. The vials from each of the three environments were placed in their own complete randomized block designs. E


Objective To compare the effectiveness of extra‐amniotic saline with intra‐amniotic prostaglandin F2α in inducing labour in pregnancies with intrauterine fetal death.


In the following pages, I will assess if and how the EU has generated the protection of minority rights in candidate states, using the Czech Republic and Romania as case studies. Based on interviews, press reports, government statements, and public records, I examine the EU impact on the development of institutions, the context of legislation, the timing of reforms, and the process and character of domestic debate. Focusing on the citizenship law and the Roma in the Czech Republic and language legislation and ethnic Hungarians in Romania, I consider two of the issues that have raised the most controversy in these countries. If analogous EU requirements and expectations have similarly affected the domestic reform processes of two diverse candidate states in the field of minority rights, results should have broad application to less contentious issues and to other CEE countries with Europe Agreements. Moreover, the findings may have implications for other countries that hope to join the EU and possibly for other regions with strong regional organizations.


These days, while people use a global positioning system or a way-finding application for a smart phone as a means of finding a way, these methods are just instruments to assist quick adaptation to the rapidly-changing environment and it is doubted that they can become factors to improve the way-finding ability in practice. Leisure sports in which many people now participate have been found to give such benefits as joy and health; however, there is no research on the sense of direction (way-finding ability) useful in leading a life. So the purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the way-finding ability by the level and type of participation in leisure sports. For this purpose, two-way ANOVA was carried out to examine the differences in the way-finding ability by the level and type of leisure sports participation in the population of 273 students in total, who were at universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The results are as follows: First, spatial memory, a sense of direction, and visuospatial perception differed by participation time; only spatial memory differed by the number of participations; and spatial memory, a sense of direction, and the ability to use a map differed by the length of participation; therefore, the higher level of participation in leisure sports, the greater way-finding ability. Second, only spatial memory and a sense of direction differed by the participation type.


A system for safeguarding a moderate power high voltage laboratory against transformer overcurrents following insulation failures in test objects is described. It is simple, requiring the construction of only two solid-state control circuits and the modification of a commercially available solid-state contactor. It has been tested successfully with simulated breakdowns at up to 50-kV rms, 60 Hz with a 50-kVA load.


Nine abietane diterpenoids (1–9) were isolated from the stems of Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunb. and identified by spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, corrected NMR data is provided for Villosin C (1) and B (2) whose absolute configurations were elucidated from circular dichroism (CD) data. All isolates were tested for cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines (A549, HepG-2, MCF-7 and 4T1). Compounds 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 were found to have remarkable cytotoxic effects with IC50 values ranging from 8.79 to 35.46 μM.


This study concerns the research of the costume of 'Seaksu' used during military ceremonies and all sorts of event in the Joseon dynasty and also explores its distinctive characteristics. The Methodology of this study is reviewing and researching the types of the style of the Costume in 'Seaksu' in the genre picture through the antique records and literature analysis. The style of the Costume in 'Seaksu' in the genre picture were divided into 6 styles according to the shape 1) 'Seaksu' wore 'Bokdu' and 'Hongchosam' with 'Ojeongdae' 2) 'Seaksu' wore 'Bokdu' and 'Hongpo'. 3) 'Seaksu' wore 'Jeonlip' , 'Hyeopsu', and 'Seonbok'. 4) 'Seaksu' wore 'Jeonlip' and 'Po'. 5) 'Seaksu' wore 'Heoklip' and 'Po'. 6) 'Seaksu' wore 'Heoklip' and 'Cheollik'.


Cosmetic culture of the Chinese rang period was very exotic and included various kinds and methods of make-up. It was clearly discriminated from other Chinese traditional cosmetic cultures. This exotic culture was called 'ho pUng' during this period. This study also defined exotic practices of cosmetic culture collectively as 'ho pung' cosmetic culture. Thus the pUrpose of this study is to examine why the unique 'ho pung' cosmetic culture blossomed under the social structure of rang and determine the characteristics of such culture.
In the Chinese nation, the 'ho pung' cosmetic culture bloomed in a variety of ways through the import of cosmetic goods and imitation of alien nations makeup methods. This was brought about by extended trading activity following the exploitation of new trade routes and increased international exchanges based on contemporary tribute systems. The following reasons were cause for and directly reflected in the 'ho pung' cosmetic culture: Flexible policies about aliens based on the idea of union between Chinese and the other races exotic orientation through free cultural exchanges with foreigners having various positions and roles and the pursuance of both real and religious perfection brought about by a spiritual emptiness following a period of material abundance.
The period of rang is the time Chinese people proudly consider as best representing their nation throughout the history of China. Nevertheless, cosmetic culture of the same period was in fact represented by 'ho pung' cosmetic culture. In conclusion, 'ho pung' cosmetic culture of the rang period makes clear that the culture of the nation was not based on traditions of the Han race, but an outcome of international influences and the infusion of alien cultures.


1. A method for the detection of electromagnetic waves in the terahertz range, comprising in the flow direction of the measured terahertz radiation from a source of THz radiation simultaneously with a stream of optical pump radiation from the optical pump source at a predetermined wavelength to a nonlinear optical crystal for the parametric frequency mixing said radiation incident waves and the formation of the output signal of said crystal optical radiation at new frequencies shifted relative to the pump frequency, which is isolated by filtration on a polarizing prism noise optical radiation of other frequencies, directions and polarizations other than the frequency, direction and polarization of the signal radiation, a conjugated spatial, spectral and polarization with the measured terahertz radiation, and then fed allocated signal optical radiation or individual modes of radiation on a photodetector for measuring power in arbitrary units dedicated signal emission at the open gate at which carried yayut radiation measured terahertz radiation, and closed the gate, in which completely cover the measured terahertz radiation. ! 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that for displacement in the direction of decreasing the frequency of the signal radiation frequency ωc determined condition ωc = ωn-ΩTGts, and when displacement in the direction of increasing the frequency of the signal radiation frequency ωas determined condition ωs = ωn + ΩTGts where ΩTGts - frequency spectral component of the terahertz radiation ωn - frequency of the pump radiation. ! 3. Apparatus electromagnetic detection


Objectives: The objective was to compare nasal deposition patterns achieved with a conventional hand actuated spray pump and a novel breath actuated bidirectional prototype device housing the same spray pump (OptiMist™, OptiNose AS, Oslo, Norway).


Pepper cultivar 'L11' with the high resistance to Phytophthora capsici was used as the experimental material, complementary DNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism(c DNA-AFLP) was used to analyze gene differential transcription profiling of six-leaf-stage seedlings of pepper infected by root-irrigating P. capsici. Eighty-six primer combinations were used to investigate 363 c DNA fragments. After sequencing of 100 ESTs, the nucleic acid sequences of 73 ESTs were obtained. Blastx analyses and functional annotations were then performed and the results revealed that 45 ESTs showed homologous to the known function genes of other species. The function of homologous genes involved in different pathways such as protein metabolism, signal transduction, defense responding, carbohydrate metabolism and photosynthesis. Using specific primers designed from the sequences of TDFs, two differential expression gene full-length c DNA were isolated by the method of PCR-based 96-hole screening, which were chosen for further real-time PCR expression patterns and confirmed the c DNA-AFLP profiles. Gene expression profiling in response to P. capsici and differentially expressed genes of pepper were identified via c DNA-AFLP analysis. These novel genes could be used in future for functional analysis and strategies of molecular breeding.


Earring dermatitis at the site of a pierced earring can be due to many different factors. It is important to rule out nickel dermatitis and recommend the use of high quality yellow gold earrings.


(2-[(Trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphole)

[61706-76-1] C9H13O3PSi (MW 228.26)

InChI = 1S/C9H13O3PSi/c1-14(2,3)12-13-10-8-6-4-5-7-9(8)11-13/h4-7H,1-3H3

InChIKey = PFTJBCMZLWNNFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(Synthetically equivalent to (2-catechyl)P(OH))

Physical Data: 1 colorless liquid; bp 47–62 °C/0.06 mmHg; d 1.106 g cm−3; 1.4920.

Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents.

Preparative Method: (2-catechyl)P(OTMS) 1 can be prepared via a modified procedure from that originally reported by Pudovik.2 To neat 1,2-phenylene phosphorochloridite3 (23.8 mL, 200 mmol) under nitrogen at 0 °C is slowly added N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (49.6 mL, 200 mmol) over 15 min. After stirring at ambient temperature for 20 h, the solvent and TMSCl are carefully removed in vacuo (to minimize loss of volatile product). The product is distilled at 100–150 mTorr, 46–52 °C to yield a colorless oil (31.0 g, 68% isolated yield).4

Purification: distillation at 46–52 °C/0.1–0.15 mmHg.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the reagent is sensitive to hydrolysis and should be stored under nitrogen. Long-term storage should be at −30 °C. Use in a fume hood. No toxicity data has been reported for this compound. The related diaryl phosphites (ArO)2P(O)H are reported to be irritants and corrosive.5 In addition, (CH3C6H3O2)P(O)Cl has been reported to have pesticidal activity.6


Dr. Strasser and I are obviously poles apart and, from my viewpoint, his reply simply reaffirms his commitment to that version of theorizing my review challenged; especially in its last two paragraphs, the whole tenor of which is so exactly that of his book that, for me, they reinforce all the points I made about what I believe to be the real and representative significance of the latter. That apart, however, his reply is vitiated even in its own terms by some of the grosser simplifications on which it is founded. For example, I cannot share his confident belief in an unproblematic distinction between description and explanation nor, consequently, in an equally unproblematic distinction between the former and theory. Relatedly, to characterize any version of second-order reflection on the social world as being merely 'a descriptive reconstruction of the cognitive map in people's minds . . . hopelessly devoid of any theoretical content* is surely simplistic in the extreme, given the theoretical complexity of the reflexive relationship between the meanings of the observer and those of the observed. Most revealing of all, however, is Dr. Strasser's resort to that misleading, hackneyed and facile equation between macro-sociology and a social system perspective. No conception of the social world, at whatever ostensible level," can fail to have both macroand micro-sociological ramifications which are analytically continuous. In other words, the macro/micro distinction must be one of the biggest non-distinctions in sociology. And those who fall back on it always work, in fact, with a particular theory of the macro-social which must and does produce a concomitant theory of the micro-social ; namely, that familiar theory of the social system which conceives of it as independent of social action. The macro/micro distinction is intended, of course, to make a gesture of acknowledgement towards the whole tradition of social action analysis which takes human agency as its starting-point, whilst at the same time relegating that tradition to the micro-level. But the gesture is an empty one, the relegation really a dismissal. For this particular social system perspective, in its micro-application, conceives of social actors as mere reflexes of the social system, and thus has no place at any level for any serious conception of human agency. To generate such a conception necessitates tackling at the outset the crucial question as to how precisely the social system should be conceptualized. For there is more than one way, dependent upon whether one begins from the system itself as an entity prior to its members, or from its origins in human agency. Conceptually and analytically, the consequences of each are radically opposed; as they are in their moral character, the first being highly conservative, the second genuinely emancipatory. Yet for Dr. Strasser, as for all who so glibly equate the macrosociological with the social system prespective as if it were self-evident, the question does not arise. On the basis of this equation, there can be only one social system perspective ; precisely that which 'has traditionally paid more attention to producing structural explanations rather than to being overly concerned with the problem of systemic reification ' Which is scarcely surprising ; it cannot deal with systemic reification as a problem because it reproduces it. So, too, must any paradigms generated by the social system perspective like the order and conflict paradigms Dr. Strasser, following a well-worn path, derives from it. Beneath their surface divergences, both conceptualize central social phenomena, however characterized, as


A simple 2×2 matrix method for calculating the reflection spectrum for a fiber grating is developed.The method is based on Maxwells equations,weak waveguide approximation,and boundary continuity fot the electromagnetic fields.Compared to the conventional coupling theory,the present method is much simpler and more intuitionistic.The reflection spectrum with a Gauss index profile is calculated and the narrowing and broadening characteristics of the fiber grating is analyzed.


This paper presents a mathematical technique for computing the stationary distribution of Markov processes that evolve deterministically between arbitrarily distributed 'failure events'. The key innovation in this paper is the use of a state-dependent time re-scaling technique, such that the re-scaled process can be described by a Poisson-interrupted stochastic differential equation. This technique is first applied to compute the stationary window distribution of a TCP flow performing idealized classical congestion avoidance under variable, but state-dependent, packet loss, and subsequently, to study the distribution of a TCP flow performing generalized congestion avoidance. We show how the stochastic differential equation can be solved by a rapidly convergent numerical technique to obtain the stationary distribution in the re-scaled (subjective) time, and present the re-scalings needed to eventually obtain the distribution of the original Markov process. We demonstrate how this analysis can be used to compute the window distribution of a TCP flow interacting with a RED, ERD or ECN queue, with or without minimally assured throughput guarantees. Keywords—Markov processes, TCP, window distribution, rescaling, congestion avoidance, variable, loss, marking, RED, ECN.


ABSTRACT Background. Recently isolated Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains have displayed multiple antibiotic resistance. Alternatives to conventional antibiotics are needed, especially for the multiple-antibiotic–resistant V. parahaemolyticus pandemic strain. Methods. A bacteriophage, designated pVp-1, showed effective infectivity for multiple-antibiotic–resistant V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus, including V. parahaemolyticus pandemic strains. The therapeutic potential of the phage was studied in a mouse model of experimental infection using a multiple-antibiotic–resistant V. parahaemolyticus pandemic strain. We monitored the survivability and histopathological changes, quantified the bacterial and phage titers during phage therapy, and observed the immune response induced by phage induction. Results. Phage-treated mice displayed protection from a V. parahaemolyticus infection and survived lethal oral and intraperitoneal bacterial challenges. Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of phage therapy in a mouse model against a multiple-antibiotic–resistant V. parahaemolyticus pandemic strain infection.


The paper aims to investigate natural frequency of delaminated advanced grid stiffened composite plates by hump resonance method.The composite laminated plate element and the rib element are adapted to simulate the laminated plate and the ribs.Based on the composite laminated plate and beam element model considering first-order shear effect,a damping model on the basis of Rayleigh damping model in conjunction with Adams' strain energy method(MSE) and a Hertz nonlinear dynamic contact model to avoid the overlap and penetration phenomenon between the upper and lower sub-laminates at the delaminated region.A numerical analysis method of dynamic response for the delaminated composite plates is carried out by precise time-integration method,and then the natural frequencies are achieved when the dynamic deflections reach the hump peak.For the frequency-domain analysis provided in the former research papers,it is a difficult problem to avoid the embedded phenomenon in the mode shapes at the delamination zone,while in the current time-domain analysis,the embedded phenomenon can be successfully overcome by using nonlinear contact model.By vibration excitation test,the specimens were excited by different excited frequency and the amplitude frequency response characteristics obtained are used to extract the frequency.The extracted frequencies of the narrow delaminated composite plates measured,which agrees well with the predicted natural frequencies.


That's what a California jury said, in a controversial verdict that could change the way physicians respond to patients& pain.


This paper is an autobiographical research piece exploring male-to-male intimacy in a UK prison setting during 2014. The research was undertaken as an act of "resistance" (Ward, 1997) to expose the reality of prison life and further the research agenda in relation to the rehabilitation of the criminalized. Ward (1997) suggests that all actions undertaken by those who experience abuse or marginalization by people in positions of power, might be seen as acts of resistance, and my research activity is both an act of resistance and also a positive assertion of my improved mental health, integrity, and selfregard. This paper is intended as one part in a series of pieces based on my research, all of which was undertaken at Her Majesty's Prison X. Prison X is a part of the overcrowded UK prison estate relying on nineteenth-century accommodation designed for approximately 400 prisoners to incarcerate around 750 human beings. During 2014, a national re-organisation campaign saw the prison become primarily a location for sex-offenders and other vulnerable prisoners. My fi rst-hand experiences are my primary source of research evidence and many questions might be raised regarding this approach to "insider" research (Drake and Heath, 2008). This is my lived reality, for the most part recorded in the form of a handwritten prison diary. All names have been changed to protect the identities of the individuals concerned, and many of my subjects were fully aware of my academic interests because I followed the principles of "self-disclosure" as set out within Queer Theory (Semp, 2011). The prison authorities were given a number of opportunities to participate, which they consistently declined.


In this paper, iterative system identification is investigated where the amplitude spectra of the perturbation signals are optimised according to the present estimate of the model parameters. The iterative signal design is compared for single-input single-output (SISO) open loop systems grouped into six different categories based on the system order and dynamic characteristic. Three different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are tested. The performance of the iterative signal design is assessed by taking the ratios of the performance measures of the estimated and initial models to the actual model for a single iteration. These performance measures are defined based on errors in the frequency response. It was found that the iterative signal design is very effective in reducing the model error, except for high order lowpass systems.


Twenty-five years of appellate court decisions about informed consent in three influential states were examined to address four issues: 1) the criteria used to define adequate informed consent; 2) trends in court decisions; 3) parallels between court decision making and decision analysis; 4) the contribution of decision analytic concepts to defining "reasonable" medical informed consent. Court standards have evolved in three phases: the "medical community" standard before 1972, the "reasonable person" standard since 1972, and recent inroads toward developing an "individual preference" standard. The latter two standards form the current basis for deciding whether a patient has been adequately informed. Decision analysis offers a framework for communication about medical outcomes and probabilities, and meth ods for assessing preferences. Jurists and physicians should consider whether the legal system should adopt a decision analytic perspective in the doctrine of informed consent. Researchers should address issues raised by use of decision analysis for communication between the physician and the patient. Key words: medical ethics; patient-physician rela tionship; medical informed consent; medical risk; patient preference; legal (court) decision; professional standards; reasonable man; malpractice; negligence. (Med Decis Making 6:224- 230, 1986)


Although previous climatological studies have investigated the relationship between cyclone frequency and trajectory and regional weather, analyses of structural airflow features and precipitation have been confined to meteorological case studies. In the following paper, the influence of Colorado cyclone airstreams on Midwestern snowfall is investigated using isentropic streamline maps for five cold season months. Results indicate that Colorado cyclones account for a minor percentage of Midwestern snowfall events and amounts. When snowfall is induced by Colorado cyclogenesis, diffluence and instability in the cold sector portions of the cyclone are the dominant lifting mechanisms.


For almost a decade, Twitter use and its impact on academic achievement has been explored by many researchers. Despite the growing scholarly interest, studies have been correlational and exploratory in nature. The purpose of this study is to develop the Twitter and Scholastic Synchronicity Scale (TSSS) and the Twitter and Scholastic Apportionment Assessment (TSAA) to measure the impact of perceived Twitter use on students' scholastic achievement. Undergraduate and graduate students ($\mathrm{N}=326$) responded to a set of items that was created from qualitative research findings. The descriptive statistics, the factor structure, and internal consistency reliability for the overall measure and subscales were reported. The psychometric results of the scales reported high internal consistency and three- and two-factor structures. This study not only develops the scales to measure the effect of Twitter use among students, but also checks the reliability and validity of the newly developed scales.


The present invention relates to a road security system to which recognition of dangerous situations of vehicles driving on the wrong side of the road and pedestrians is applied. The road security system related to an embodiment of the present invention may comprise a camera which photographs at least one first vehicle continuously; a control unit which determines whether the first vehicle is driving on the wrong side of the road by using at least one among moving direction information of the first vehicle which is photographed through the camera, the vehicle plate information, and position change information and extracts information on the vehicle number of the first vehicle if the control unit determines that the first vehicle is driving on the wrong side of the road; and a wired communication unit which transmits the vehicle number information to a preset external organization in accordance with the control of the control unit.


The following paper presents the extension of a concept of linking elastic deformations and tolerance zones. This draft makes it possible to simulate the combined influence of elastic deformation and tolerance zones integral of former purely rigid supposed assemblies. Here we do not act on the component layer but on the assembly layer of a product classification. For this improvement in results the simulation requires a more exact modelling indeed. The relevant information and parameters have to be deposited in the model. A step towards this direction is given through the consideration of the real contact situation in the determination of elastic deformations. On the example of a serial linear support system the procedures are explained, demonstrated and the essential simulation results are represented.


Phase-locked loops (PLLs) are widely used for clock generation in modern digital systems. All-digital PLLs have been proposed to address design issues in conventional analog PLLs. However, current all-digital PLLs require custom circuit design, and therefore cannot fully leverage advanced automated digital design flows. While fully synthesizable PLLs have been reported, they suffer from high power consumption and large area. This arises because each stage of the ring needs to have a large number of parallel tristate buffers/inverters in order to achieve the necessary frequency resolution. Moreover, custom-designed cells are required in prior synthesizable PLLs, introducing additional place-and-route (P&R) steps, leading to poor portability, integration, and scalability. To address these issues, this paper proposes a fully synthesizable PLL based solely on a standard digital library, with a current-output digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for maintaining frequency linearity and duty balance, an interpolative phase-coupled oscillator for minimizing the output phase imbalance from automatic P&R, as well as an edge injection technique for avoiding injection-pulse width issues.


How to characterize strain stored in SiGe epilayer is very vital to performance of SiGe devices. In this article, the principles of characterizing strain by RBS/C, HRXRD and Raman spectra were thoroughly described. Utilizing these technologies, strain status of the SiGe/Si films annealed at O2 /Ar ambience and the SiGe films grown on Ar+ implanted Si substrate was verified.


Social media changed human interaction by allowing people to connect to each other anytime and from anywhere, resulting in many valuable information shared about a variety of different domains. Because of the large amount of data created every day, social media analytics became an important topic to make use of this source of information. Most importantly, people contribute much valuable information about crisis events such as small-scale incidents, which is currently not taken into account by decision makers in emergency management. Reasons for this are the sheer amount of information as well as the heterogeneous and unstructured nature of the data, which hinder the use of this source of information. In this dissertation, we try to answer the question "How can user-generated content be made a usable and valuable source of information for situational awareness of decision makers?". To answer this question, we present a framework consisting of the necessary steps to process a large amount of social media data in such a way that incident-related information is identified and aggregated to distinct incident clusters, each one containing information about an individual real-world incident. With the contributions presented in this dissertation, previously not usable user-generated content becomes a valuable source for decision making in emergency management. In the first part of the dissertation, we introduce the requirements of a system for small-scale incident detection, which are derived from the (1) spatial, (2) temporal, and (3) thematic dimensions defining an incident. Based on these dimensions, we develop a framework for processing a large amount of user-generated content. As a first step of the framework, we introduce how user-generated content is collected to create an initial information base, which is processed in the subsequent steps of the framework. In the second part, we introduce several steps to preprocess unstructured social media data so it can be used in the subsequent steps of the framework. We show how named entities and temporal expressions are identified and extracted so that they can be used as additional information when creating a machine learning model that is generalizable for data that stems from a different city. We introduce a set of adaptations applied to standard techniques that allow us to extract named entities and temporal expressions from unstructured text. We also present how we make use of the temporal expressions to infer the point in time when an incident occurred. In that part, we also deal with the problem of how to infer the spatial dimensions of user-generated content. We contribute a novel approach for the geolocalization of tweets that is capable of inferring the home location of a Twitter user, the point of origin where a tweet was sent, as well as of inferring the location focus of a


The relationship between the abundance and occurrence of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), a primary pest of stored grain, in distinctly different habitats is poorly known, and previous work suggests that a primitive wood-boring habit may persist in natural populations. Understanding the feeding ecology of R. dominica may likely predict the movement or occurrence of this pest in various habitats. Origins and movement of species can be studied using methods of elemental analyses. We used two such techniques, natural stable isotopes and trace elements, to track the dietary history of R. dominica, as adult insects may retain elemental markers from host plants. Insects collected from the periphery of granaries or inside woodlands in Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA and insects reread on standard diets under laboratory conditions were used to determine the carbon and nitrogen isotope signatures and ten different trace elements. Laboratory reared R. dominca showed similar C signatures when compared to the assimilated diet with an enrichment of about + 1 %o in the insect body. Insects reared on the C3 plant based seeds of wheat or oak showed much depleted C values (23.7 or 26.2 %o, respectively) as opposed to insects reared on seeds of the C4 corn (11.3 %o). Field collected R. dominica showed C values similar to expectations for a C3 plant based-diet. Results suggest that preferential feeding of field collected R. dominica may occur on C3 based hosts in the field. Trace elemental analyses showed that discriminating trace elements for field collected R. dominica were P, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cu. Our studies indicated that elemental markers may be used successfully for tracking the origins and feeding habitats of R. dominica.


In 2009 gold prices are expected to rise because of growth in retail investment demand as a result of the uncertainty in the economic and financial markets. In 2010 there is again likely to be an increase in gold prices but toward the end of the outlook period, gold prices are expected to fall gradually as world economic growth increases.


Brucella were isolated from stomach content of 5 aborted fetuses at a sheep farm in Xinjiang.Biological and molecular analysis revealed that these are Brucella melitensis biovar 3.The results confirmed that Brucella melitensis biovar 3 existed in Xingjiang.


Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in Indian Subcontinent, andits components like high BMI, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension have been identified as risk factors to develop severe SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19); however, data on MetS and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 are limited. Thisstudy aims to determine association between MetS and disease out-comes, that is, morbidity and mortality among patients with COVID-19. This retrospective mono centric cohort study was performed from. 1st may to 15th may 2021, on 100 patient admitted in a tertiary care hospital. Hospital stay and mortality rates are compared between the Mets and non Mets group. The mean age of participant was 44.5±9 year there is preponderance of male gender was present, among 100 patients 28 were having MetS and 72 were non MetS, Among 28 MetS 5 were remain asymptomatic, 13 were symptomatic with hospital stay less than 14 days and 7 were symptomatic with hospital stay more than 14 days and 3 were died. The findings our study suggest a relationship between patient having MetS are at increased risk of severe complications and mortality among COVID-19 patients.


We discuss a meshfree method for solving boundary value problems in physics. The method uses random data interpolation and radial basis functions that depend on the distance, instead of the usual basis functions that depend on the position. As an example, we apply this method to the electrostatic problem of two parallel plates inside a conducting cylinder and discuss its convergence and robustness. The method is shown to be robust and flexible and can be an efficient alternative to mesh-based methods for solving computational problems involving irregular domains.


Aims:  The antibiofilm activity of extracts obtained from selected herbs, spices, beverages and commercially important medicinal plants was investigated on Listeria monocytogenes.


Interest in weekend farming has been increasing recently among city-dwellers although it is still only in the beginning stages. Weekend farming has been increasing recently among city-dwellers although it is still only in the beginning stages. Weekend farms provide people with new activities and als...


1 Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada 2 Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada 3 Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, 661 University Ave Suite 710, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada 4 Lebovic Fellow, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), 661 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G, Canada DOI: 10.21105/joss.03274


(S) or (R) enantiomerically pure phosphonic analogue of homoserine derivatives 1 are substrates of choice for the synthesis of various functionalized α-aminophosphonic acids in good to excellent yields.


With the rapid development of bluetooth and VoIP,a new technology combining bluetooth and VoIP provides profile for the research of wireless IP phone.The feasibility to design a bluetooth wireless VoIP access gateway is illustrated by introducing bluetooth and SIP profiles and its network protocol layers.Then detailed hardware and software design scheme is given.At last the next step of the research is mentioned.


The invention concerns a method which consists in: pre-recording in a storage of an electronic portable object each set of data required for setting up an Internet connection on a site, a letter-box or a customized service; selecting with a key of the portable object a set of data among the pre-recorded sets of data; and transmitting in accordance with a contact-free transmission mode, using a push-button of the portable object, the set of pre-recorded data to a multimedia station connected to the Internet network through a mobile telephone of a cellular radio communication network or a switched telephone network. The invention is useful for accessing the Internet network in public places and in particular in public transport vehicles.


In this work, we compare six mesh-based curve-skeletonization methods and ten voxel-based curveand surface-skeletonization methods along criteria proposed in [2]: homotopy, invariance, thinness, centeredness, smoothness, detail preservation, and resolution robustness. Most tested methods were not included in [2]. Besides this qualitative comparison, we also propose a quantitative comparison based on the Haussdorff distance. Thereby, we extend our earlier work [1] which compared only mesh-based curve skeletonization methods qualitatively. All methods were tested on the same platform, for input volume resolutions ranging from 1283 to 10003 voxels, and mesh resolutions from 10K to 500K faces respectively. Figure 2: Different skeletons.


This paperdemonstrates arecently developed procedure that isindependent ofthetechnology inuse aswellasofthedesign frequency. A Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)isdesigned forsimultaneous noise and powermatchat12GHz according tothedesign procedure (9),(10) andfabricated asa Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit(MMIC).Good agreement isachieved between simulated andtested results within thepractical constraints related tothe research-oriented nature ofthis workSince thevalidity ofthesametechnique hasalready beendemonstrated at 1GHzwithdiscrete components onaDuroid substrate, theconclusion isthatdifferent technologies can successfully carryoutthenovelprocedure atthe required design frequency.