We have created a lightweight (server and client) intuitive command line interface through which users can submit jobs with complex software dependencies. We have added functionality that is specific to Babar jobs. gsub solves the input/output sandbox issues by the use of a global file system, currently AFS. Alibaba uses Gridsite to keep track of each job and display the status of sites in that grid.


Natural Therapies (NT) are making a marked comeback. NT allows me as a nurse to care for patients on additional levels. NT incorporates the whole person and does not isolate illness to body locations or symptom pictures.


Abstract This paper deals with the distributional analysis of a recurring pattern on the Easter Island artifact known as the 'Santiago Staff' ('SS' from now on). It has been claimed that the pattern known as "XıYZ," arguably to be found in a repetitive fashion in a "recital of pairings," conveys a model of procreation in line with the Old Rapanui sacral chants, thus giving a clue to a possible decipherment of the SS's document. According to Steven R. Fischer, the scholar who retrieved the pattern in question, the formula "XıYZ" consists of, "X": the "copulator" God, "ı": the superlinear corresponding to the old Rapanui phrase "copulated with," "Y": the "copulatee" Goddess and finally, "Z": the issue of their "copulation." Under this assumption, and bearing in mind that Fischer did not offer any sort of count with regard to his claim, the structure "XıYZ" has been tested and replicated to "Atua-Mata-Riri," viewed by some researchers to be a bilingual for the understanding of the alleged schematized pattern. The evidence encountered so far supports the view that the hypothesis cannot be true for all the KRR text of the 'SS,' specifically for sequences other than the "XıYZ" type, leaving many doubts in the minds of epigraphers and suggesting flaws in the method of decipherment. To the most evident degree, the message encrypted in the 'SS,' i.e., text I, is still resisting decoding by the scholars.


Multiple scattering effects on signals from space lidar are significant and must be accounted for in the retreival of aerosol and cloud extinction. It is shown that a simple parameterization of multiple scattering allows one to account for multiple scattering effects using a slightly modified form of a commonly used single-scatter retrieval solution. All orders of scattering are considered in the development of parameterizaiton appropriate for the CALIPSO lidar. Applications to aerosol and cloud retreivals are discussed.


Calves raised worm-free were exposed to natural infection on unimproved pasture infected with Trichostrongylus axei, Haemonchus placei, Ostertagia ostertagia, Cooperia punctata and C. pectinata, and Oesophagostomum radiatum. Some calves received, in addition, experimental infections of O. radiatum and H. placei. All calves showed depressed body weight gains. Haematocrit, haemoglobin, and serum protein levels were reduced, returned to normal after 15–18 weeks' grazing in calves that survived, but continued to fall and reached lower levels in those that died. Calves killed in extremis showed emaciation, oedema, degenerated fat tissue, inflammatory and degenerative changes in the gastrointestinal tract, and atrophy of the lymphatic tissues and thymus. These symptoms are reminiscent of a "wasting syndrome".


By means of labor insertion policies, the economic and social well-being of the
population is promoted, essentially when the problem is addressed to a focused group of
how the family income affects the quality of life of children with different capacities,
since the The State must guarantee the enjoyment of all the economic, financial, social
and cultural rights set forth in the Constitution, motives that led to the present
investigation: "Family income and its impact on the quality of life of children with
disabilities other than the special school Ana Luz Solis of the canton Jipijapa ". It was
possible to describe the problems of certain families who are caring for the children,
such as the poor income they receive, the limited time they spend with their children,
among others, whose objective was to determine how family income affects the quality
of life of children with different abilities of the school Special Ana Luz Solis of the
canton Jipijapa. The methodology that was used in this research was inductive,
deductive, descriptive, analytical and statistical, as well as using techniques such as
direct observation and the survey directed to parents of families, where results were
obtained Relevant, since the majority of families are organized in 73%, but their income
is lower than the basic basket with a, and their quality of life is good by 77%. Through
these results the conclusions and recommendations were presented, which were the
basis for elaborating the proposal, as an alternative for the solution of the problem, of a
training on the family income to improve the quality of life directed to the parents of the
children with different capacities of the Special School Ana Luz Solis of the Jipijapa
canton


A method for detecting phosphorus segregation in a metal material comprises (a) placing a sheet on a surface of the material, (b) impregnating the sheet and the surface of the material with an electrolyte soln. contg. 0.1-20 wt.% molybdic acid ion and an oxidizing agent, (c) contacting a cathode plate with the sheet, (d) electrolyzing by using the surface to be detected as an anode, (e) removing the sheet from the surface, and (f) treating the sheet with a reagent contg. a reducing agent.


Switched-reluctance technology is appealing to the automotive industry due to its cost efficiency. Conventional research focuses on the two main issues torque ripple and acoustic noise. However, control schemes usually only address one of these two issues at a time. This paper unifies the approaches of direct instantaneous torque control and direct instantaneous force control to simultaneously tackle the two central drawbacks of the switched reluctance machine. A searching algorithm was used to determine appropriate reference values for each phase to keep torque and overall radial force smooth at any time. Simulation and measurement results confirmed that the control objectives were met so that the torque ripple was reduced and the acoustic behavior of the investigated automotive traction drive was improved. The new control approach thus provides future engineers with a powerful tool for adapting the switched reluctance machine to the requirements of the automotive sector.


Aiming for the fine observation of fast physical phenomena such as phonon propagation and laser ablation, phase-contrast X-ray imaging combined with a crystal X-ray interferometer and the X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) of the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free-Electron Laser has been developed. An interference pattern with 70% visibility was obtained by single-shot exposure with a 15 keV monochromated XFEL. In addition, a phase map of an acrylic wedge was successfully obtained using the fringe scanning method.


Castleman's disease is a benign lymphoproliferative disorder of an unknown etiology, occurring rarely in the pediatric population. It primarily occurs at the sites like chest, abdomen and rarely in the neck. We report a very rare case of Castleman's disease in an 8-year-old boy presenting with a localized mass in the right neck region. The child complained of vague clinical symptoms and local examination revealed a soft, non-tender and immobile mass in the neck. Laboratory studies were non-contributory. Ultrasonography of the head and neck helped in defining the neck mass, though the findings were non-specific. The mass was surgically excised and subjected to pathological examination. Histopathological assessment was consistent with Castleman's Disease, hyaline- vascular type. Follow up studies for a period of 6-months showed no evidence of recurrence of the lesion.


This thesis considers conditions for collaboration between two actors during the extensive fire-fighting effort in the Gavleborg region (Sweden) in summer 2018. The main purpose of the study is to ...


This chapter compares core teachings of Zen, Pure Land Buddhism, and Christianity. It begins with a reflection on some past and recent Buddhists and Christians who have thought that the two religions are either compatible or incompatible. It then explores the ways in which Buddhism and other traditions can provoke us into rethinking what we mean by "God," and it suggests that Zen's conception of the Unborn Buddha-mind is most nearly compatible with a panentheism that sees "all in God" rather than God as a transcendent being outside the world. Like the Gospel of Thomas and the Vimalakirti Sutra, Zen masters have understood the Kingdom of God and the Pure Land to be here and now for those who are awakened. The chapter ends by examining one of the deepest parallels among these traditions—namely, the idea that we have to pass through a "Great Death" in order to truly live.


One ability all efficient professionals hone is maximising every affordable resource, and perhaps no resource is more affordable and easily accessible today than the Internet. Many professionals still don't utilise the Internet to its full capacity, what is understandable, because despite the existence of some excellent search engines it still takes a lot of time to sort the good from the outdated, the no-longer-existent and the irrelevant. In this work you will first find a short overview of what is needed to successfully search the web, best search strategies and criteria for evaluation of information sources. Afterwards are listed sites of interest to cosmetic industry professionals divided into categories. The main purpose of this paper is to help cosmetic industry professionals do their jobs more easily, efficiently and effectively.


This article reports a small-scale study of primary school children's ideas about the direction of gravitational force. Previous research from other sources had suggested that there were up to six different views held by children and that it was difficult to identify a view' held by the majority of children. This research found that two views were commonly held, including the scientific model, but, more importantly, that the majority of pupils did not use a model consistently. We argue that this casts doubt on the most popular assumptions of constructivist practice in primary science education. The research was carried out within the context of the National Curriculum for Science in England and Wales.


It's about the practical methodology used for writing the Digital Preservation Policy of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. The methodology uses the principles of work structuring, using macro steps to achieve the final text of the policy. In this work, we aim to derive and present the methodology in a way that might be applied by any other institution. To illustrate the use and application of the methodology, we present how the real work was done in the project. The main final products of the proposed methodology are also presented. Author Currently a doctoral student in information science (University of Brasilia Brazil), with a Master's degree in Information Science (University of Brasilia Brazil). Graduated in Archival and Library Science (University of Brasilia Brazil). Analyst in the Centre of Documentation of the Chamber of Deputies in Brazil. Was the Project Manager for the Digital Preservation Policy of that institution.


High-Speed Floating-point Adder is a critical part in the coprocessor,which is attached to the computing basis of floating-point instructions.The paper proposes a carry chain of dynamic and static mixed circuits and a good balance between speed and area of predicting leading-zero logic circuits,consid-ering algorithm and construction of logic circuits.The method improves the performance such as higher speed and lower pow-er.It has been embedded in the coprocessor,successfully pass-ing the product test.


The knowledge of educational skills is a very important part of librarians-information officers every-day work. This bachelor theses describes pedagogical skills and their using in librarian work. The educational courses for both general and special public are described. The practical part devotes to preparing educational courses and its consequential data evalution through a questionnaire. The aim is to describe and explain educational skills and their particular using in librarians-information officers work.


This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of size, leverage, audit findings, and follow-up of audit recommendation to the local governance performance in Java Island. Local government performance is measured by scores on the evaluation of local government performance (EKPPD) derived from local government organizers report (LPPD. Population of this research is all the district/city in Java Island during 2014. According to purposive sampling method, this study employs sample of 109 local government in Java Island in 2014. Research data analysis using descriptive analysis statistical and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 21. The result demonstrate that size and follow-up of audit recommendation have significant positive effect on the performance of local government districts/cities in Java Island. Audit findings significant negative effect on the performance of local government districts/cities in Java Island. Leverage had no significant effect to the performance of local government districts/cities in Java Island. Based on the research result can be conclude furthmore that size and follow-up of audit recommendation can increase performance of local government. Keywords: Local government performance; size; leverage; audit findings; follow-up of audit recommendation; scores of local government performance


The human skin is a rich environment of microorganisms, containing 10–50 million bacteria per square centimeter and 11000 species [1]. The skin forms an effective barrier, preventing invasion not only by resident bacterial species but also by pathogens that are transiently residing on the skin [2]. Thus, trauma, skin diseases, or surgical procedures that affect skin integrity are the main mechanism of entry for cutaneous infections, and these usually involve bacteria, such as streptococci and staphylococci. In cosmetic skin procedures, especially those involving subcutaneous injection of substances that are kept in vials that are used repeatedly over time, rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) have emerged as pathogens that cause outbreaks of skin and soft-tissue infection [3–5]. In this issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Regnier et al [3] report an outbreak of mycobacterial infection in Paris, France, that involved 16 patients who presented with painful, erythematous, draining subcutaneous nodules at the site of mesother-


The scientific publishing landscape is changing rapidly and publishers, authors and readers are working hard to adapt. Advances in research technologies are generating increasing amounts of data that require commensurate advances in accessibility, analysis and visualization. Although digital technologies provide possible solutions to allow publishers to fully participate in this revolution and add new capabilities, it has proven challenging to adapt the traditional publishing model to take full advantage of new opportunities. I will discuss these challenges and opportunities and what publishers are doing to meet them from the point of view of a chief editor at Nature Publishing Group. Particular emphasis will be given to data handling and visualization, the role of computer scientists and the challenges in bridging the distinct biology and computer science cultures.


We evaluated interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) receptor‐α subunit (IL‐6Rα) signaling inhibition with sarilumab and tocilizumab, the association between IL‐6Rα receptor occupancy (RO) and C‐reactive protein (CRP), and the potential clinical relevance of any differences. For this, we measured IL‐6Rα binding and signaling inhibition with sarilumab and tocilizumab in vitro, simulated soluble IL‐6Rα RO over time for approved sarilumab subcutaneous (SC) and tocilizumab intravenous (IV) and SC doses, and assessed associations between calculated RO and CRP reduction, 28‐joint Disease Activity Score based on CRP, and 20%/50%/70% improvement in American College of Rheumatology responses from clinical data. Sarilumab binds IL‐6Rα in vitro with 15‐ to 22‐fold higher affinity than tocilizumab, and inhibits IL‐6–mediated classical and trans signaling via membrane‐bound and soluble IL‐6Rα. Sarilumab 200 and 150 mg SC every 2 weeks achieved >90% RO after first and second doses, respectively, maintained throughout the treatment period. At steady‐state trough, RO was greater with sarilumab 200 mg (98%) and 150 mg SC every 2 weeks (94%), and tocilizumab 162 mg SC weekly (>99%) and 8 mg/kg IV every 4 weeks (99%), vs tocilizumab 162 mg SC every 2 weeks (84%) and 4 mg/kg IV every 4 weeks (60%). Higher RO was associated with greater CRP reduction and 28‐joint Disease Activity Score based on CRP reduction, and more sarilumab patients achieving 20%/50%/70% improvement in American College of Rheumatology responses. The greatest reduction in CRP levels was observed with sarilumab (both doses) and tocilizumab 8 mg/kg IV every 4 weeks (reductions proportionally smaller with 4 mg/kg IV every 4 weeks). Higher IL‐6Rα binding affinity translated into higher RO with sarilumab vs tocilizumab 4 mg/kg every 4 weeks or 162 mg every 2 weeks; tocilizumab required the higher dose or increased frequency to maintain the same degree of RO and CRP reduction. Higher RO was associated with clinical parameter improvements.


Abstract Background Filler injections are frequently associated with vascular complications. Objectives To investigate the course and location of the middle-midface perforators to establish safe cannula entry sites for filler injections. Methods The middle-midface was studied using 28 hemiface specimens from soft embalmed Thai cadavers at the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. Investigations were performed following injection of red latex. Results Middle-midface perforators were classified into 3 groups according to their origin. These perforators originated from the buccal branch of the facial artery (57%); the parotid artery (25%); or directly from the facial artery (18%). The distance between the buccal artery perforator (level with the upper alar crease) and the lateral canthal (Y axis) line was 2.6 (SD 6.0) mm and Frankfort's horizontal (X axis) lines was –16.4 (5.4) mm. The distance between the parotid artery perforator and the lateral canthal vertical line was 4.2 (10.8) mm and Frankfort's horizontal line was –13.9 (3.4) mm. The distance between the facial artery perforator and the lateral canthal vertical line was 11.2 (10.8) and Frankfort's horizontal line was–16.0 (5.3) mm. Conclusions A single long perforator was identified along the lateral canthal vertical line. This most commonly originated from the buccal branch emerging from the facial artery. Therefore, we recommend a cannula be inserted at the Beut site 2 cm inferolateral to the lateral canthus. This injection site is recommended as a safe to avoid injury to the middle-midface perforator.


Palabras clave: incas, mitos, cronicas, deidades, cosmovision, heroe civilizador. Abstract: To this article we have used a methodology based on the archival and bibliographic analysis, consequently, in written sources colonial and information of the current literature on the world of the gods in the Inca culture. Throughout the article we will expose this information as complete as possible in the texts related to what is usually called "Maker" to show a profile on the "Supreme Being" in the Inca worldview.


This paper introduces an original approach of the modeling and simulation of multiphysics systems that exhibit a wide range of time scales. This approach will be illustrated by the simulation of the energy storage unit (ESU) of an all-electric ferry. The implementation of the models was performed using two different modeling approaches (causal and acausal) highlighting the main difficulties of modeling multiphysics systems. In order to optimize the sizing of the ESU considering its ageing, the system should be simulated for a lifetime of 20 years. For this purpose, a multirate method was developed to speed-up the simulation and the optimization by a factor of 100 or more.


The study's purpose was to determine the relative importance of a number of factors on achievement in a nationwide exam. Westside Exam Anxiety and Academic Self-Efficacy Beliefs Scales were used for data collection purposes. Participants were 143 K-8 students, selected through availability sampling in a city in the inner middle side of the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Fifty-six percent of the students had continued to a cram school for SBS and their latest practice test score and the actual SBS scores were collected from the cram school. The findings indicated that results of the hierarchical linear regression analyses were significant in all four steps. According to the findings, except self-efficacy, three significant predictors explained 60% of variation in SBS scores; the score obtained from the latest practice test was the most effective predictor of students' success in SBS. Article visualizations:


The following presents an introduction to the modified patankar rungekutta schemes, which are known as numeric schemes that solve systems of production destruction positives and conservatives. It will show the main properties of MPRK schemes, in particular it stands out the second order schemes of two stages known as MPRK22. Further, it would introduce a modification of the MPRK22 scheme, and show a new scheme of second order by completing a convex combination of the Patankar Weight Denominators (PWD).


Twelve amino acids-metals complexes were prepared. The amino acids including (Cysteine, Cystine and Methionine ) . The metal which used including (lead, manganese, Cadmium and Iron).The identification of the complexes structure were measured by using IR,TGA and physical properties (conductivity, Melting point),also the concentrations of the heavy metal were determined. Antibacterial applications of the prepared complexes were used on some types of bacteria in clouding (Bacillus, E.coli ATCC, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC, Sarcina lutea, Mycobacterium phlei, Candida albicans). The results showed that there is strong effect for some complexes on the bacteria types which selected in this study and different form concentration to contraction. Also some complexes give good induction to use it in cosmetic manufication.


This paper discusses questions of the modernization of the production of circular optical scales. The results of modernizing the production and of introducing the technology of reverse photolithography for fabricating geodesic dials, rasters, and code disks are presented.


The ringing mechanism of the high impedance output node was analysed. To reduce this ringing, a new compensation circuit was developed and implemented in a standard CMOS process. This circuit can be programmed to cover a range of parameters. It effective in minimising the settling time of a DAC.


In Turkey, four people die every day due to workplace accidents. Instead of bringing new regulations for the workers' safety, the inspection responsibilities as well as the authority of the state in the workplace have been privatized. Therefore, a group of families who lost their relatives in workplace accidents, started a movement (the Watch for Conscience and Justice) requesting public to monitor accidents and related legal regulations. Thanks to their persistent protests, workplace accidents are started to be reframed (at least in popular cases) by not only the authorities but also by the public conscience. Although mainstream media ignore these incidents unless death tolls are relatively high, these families could form a counterpublic to discuss workplace safety. Analyzing this case, I argue that the formation of counterpublic is indispensable to construct social consensus and to challenge the state's neo-liberal policies.


A proposal for the multivariate analysis of quality control data is presented. This approach combines exact mathematical evaluation with great clarity of interpretation.


Tiktok is a product of communication technology, a place where users can easily participate in sharing, creating content and interact with each other in a virtual world. One of the problems caused by the development of social media is that a lot of negative content has emerged, including homosexual content. This paper discusses the perception of social media users towards the spread of homosexual content on the Tiktok application. The research method used is qualitative, with data sources in the form of direct observations on Tiktok social media, interviews with Tiktok users, and literature studies. The results show that social media users in Ciruluk Village, Kalijati District, Subang Regency, West Java Province have the same perception that homosexual content is very disturbing and detrimental and has a bad impact on Indonesia's young generation. As for how to respond to homosexual content on the Tiktok application, namely by avoiding watching it, creating positive content, the importance of mentoring from parents so that children avoid negative viewing, and stay away from bad environments and associations.


One of the most effective measures for a rapid return of military submarines to the surface in case of life threatening, hazardous or potentially catastrophic failures is the emergency blowing of the forward main ballast tanks. This can be achieved with various systems. Gas generator based modular emergency blow systems show several advantages compared to designs, which use highly compressed air in terms of specific gas work, mass flow and gas storage density. Operational gas generators for emergency blowing use either a liquid hydrazine monopropellant or a solid propellant consisting of GAP and strontium nitrate for gas generation. An alternative hybrid propellant gas generator is proposed to avoid safety issues, which both operational gas generators types possess. Also the relative free selection of the blow gas composition motivates the use of a hybrid propellant combination. A mass model for a hybrid gas generator is developed using design elements of the hydrazine gas generator and applied to a number of different hybrid propellant combinations. The hybrid propellant mass is determined by use of the assumption that the volume reduction due to heat losses, water condensation and gas dissolution in the ballast tank can be compared for a blow gas that is generated from a solid or a hybrid propellant. The effectiveness of the modeled hybrid gas generator is assessed amongst others by blow system mass, system volume and required gas generator quantity. Comparing these preliminary results to the operational solid and liquid propellant gas generator shows that even a nonoptimized hybrid propellant gas generator system is very probably competitive in terms of mass and volume.


The process of translation initiation is highly conserved from yeast to mammalian cells. It is therefore not surprising that yeast has played an important role in deciphering diverse aspects of this fascinating step in gene expression. The importance of the yeast system relies particularly on the ease with which one can obtain knock-out/knock-in mutant strains and the possibility to perform genetic screens to isolate mutants or suppressors ofmutations. Such screens have, in some instances, revealed genes encoding translation initiation factors. Often, the combination of yeast genetics and biochemistry has contributed to the understanding of the function of these factors. With its ease in transformation and gene replacement, yeast is a wonderful tool to create conditional mutants to test and unravel the function of translation initiation factors (Fig. 1, scheme of translation initiation). We have selected here a few examples, among many, in which the yeast system has proven useful in the analysis of translation initiation.


As a generalization of tilting pair, which was introduced by Miyashita in [16], the notion of silting pair is introduced in this paper. The authors extends a characterization of tilting modules given by Bazzoni [7, Theorem 3.11] to silting pairs, and proves that there is an one-to-one correspondence between equivalent classes of silting pairs and certain subcategories which satisfy some conditions. Furthermore, the authors also gives a bijection between equivalent class of silting pairs and bounded above co-t-structure. MSC2010:


On the basis of a thorough analysis of foreign language education history and current situation,this paper designs the English major scheme,including qualifications of English majors,orientations of English majors and related courses,thus putting forward the development strategies for English discipline in the new era.


A unified systems analysis framework is presented, which includes conventional robustness analysis, model validation, and system identification as special cases and thus shows them to be instances of the same fundamental problem. A concrete version of this framework is developed for the linear case, based on a generalized structured singular value. This unification forms the basis for the use of common computational tools and and a more natural interplay between modeling, identification, and robustness analysis.<<ETX>>


Dr. Mathieu Joerger obtained a Master in Mechatronics from the National Institute of Applied Sciences in Strasbourg, France, in 2002, and a M.S. and a Ph.D. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), in 2002 and 2009 respectively. He is the 2009 recipient of the Institute of Navigation (ION) Bradford Parkinson award, which honors outstanding graduate students in the field of GNSS. He is currently a research assistant professor at IIT, working on multi-sensor integration, on sequential fault-detection for multi-constellation navigation systems, and on relative and differential receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) for shipboard landing of military aircraft.


Liquefaction is the process by which saturated land, without cohesion, changes from a solid material to one that behaves like a viscous material, due to the application of static or dynamic loads.  When the land enters into a state of liquefaction it does not withstand the applied load, producing slipping, flows, sinking or tilting of structures, among others.  The study of this phenomenon and the damage it causes, began after the earthquake in Niigata (Japan), in 1964.  Many experiments regarding this have been conducted, however, there are still many unknowns to be resolved regarding the behavior of granular land under the application of static loads. In order to carry out this experiment, we performed Consolidated Undrained triaxial tests, on sand from the Quaternary deposit in the city of Paipa, seeking to determine the parameters of liquefaction due to material flow, under the application of a monotonic load.  The material was characterized, defined as a silty sand, well graded, with fine grains content close to 30%.  The samples tested were constructed using the methods wet tamping and sedimentation in water, according to the grain-size composition of the material and with different relative density values.  Finally, the behavior of the material was evaluated, determining the lines of critical state and of transformation phase.  The sand studied showed the predominance of a delaying tendency, in its behavior, providing evidence of a low level of susceptibility to liquefaction.


Recent observations with the Hubble Space Telescope reveal what are probably eruptions of water vapor from Jupiter's moon Europa. [Also see Report by Roth et al.] Second-closest to Jupiter (after Io) of the four large Galilean satellites, icy Europa is one of the strangest objects in the solar system (1). On page 171 of this issue, Roth et al. (2) present strong evidence for ongoing eruptions of plumes of water vapor from Europa's surface. This is a potentially major discovery, making Europa only the fourth object in the solar system known to exhibit ongoing internally powered geological activity, after Earth, Europa's volcanic neighbor moon Io, and Saturn's icy moon Enceladus.


We present a parsing algorithm for HPSG grammarsthat are speciied in the form of a type hierarchy, with the constraints governing certain types imposed on the respective types in the hierarchy. The algorithm works directly on the representations provided by the HPSG formalism, making essential use of the selection features governed by the formalism. Parsing a string starts with an underspeciied structure (assigned to that string), and proceeds by attaching every word of the input, from left to right, to that global structure, thereby dynamically changing it as the parse progresses. We propose certain strategies for a head-nal language that guarantee the correct parse/parses with the least possible number of processing steps in most cases (and with minimal reanalysis in the remaining ones), which makes the algorithm particularly interesting for such languages.


In this paper, we propose a robust voice activity detection algorithm that can switch the calculation method automatically depending on the noise in order to adapt various noise. We use entropy as an indicator for judging whether the noise is narrow-band or wide-band. Under narrow-band noise condition, spectral product is the suitable calculation method, on the other hand, under wide-band noise condition, using spectral summation is the suitable one. The proposed method decides the type of noise by entropy, then uses the suitable calculation method depending on the noise. We evaluated the proposed method compared with other conventional methods by ROC curves and the number of correct-segments. As the result of the experiments, the proposed method can detect the speech-segments more correctly than the other methods and shows the better performance in frame-level. The experimental result shows the proposed method can switch the calculation method appropriately depending on the noise.


RADIOACTIVE iodine, although an effective form of treatment for hyperthyroidism, has the disadvantage that response of patients to a selected dose varies widely. As yet no method has been devised to select a dose that would be uniformly satisfactory. A quantity that may restore normal thyroid function in one patient may prove entirely ineffective in another, and a similar dose may even induce lasting myxedema in a seemingly comparable case. Myxedema is an undesirable therapeutic result, and, on the other hand, repeated trials with doses that prove inadequate may delay recovery for a year or longer. The current study was . . .


We have compared the results of laser shock peening obtained by using a femtosecond laser with those obtained by using a nanosecond laser. Commercial SUS304 stainless steel was used as the test sample. The sample was subject to femtosecond or nanosecond laser-shock loading in a plasma confined by water. The Vickers microhardness test was used to evaluate the work hardening in the sample due to the plastic deformation induced by the laser peening. The surface hardness of stainless steel increased linearly with laser energy. The results of this study indicate that the extent of work hardening is similar for both femtosecond and nanosecond laser peening.


Objective:To investigate the effects of child abuse on the soft neurological signs (SNS) in depressive patients.Method:103 depressive patients were tested by childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ),24-item Hamiltom rating scale for depression (HAMD),self-rating idea of suicide scale (SIOSS) and Beck helpless rating scale (BHS) to evaluate the severity of symptoms.Patients were divided into abuse group (total score ≥55 or subscale score ≥13) and no-abuse group (55 or 13) in terms of CTQ score.Results:①The child abuse group have much more SNS than no-abuse group in frontal lobe(2.51±1.61 vs 1.77±1.25,P0.01).The emotion neglect group have much more SNS in frontal lobe than no emotion abuse group (2.53±1.63 vs 1.80±1.25,P0.05).The Body abuse group have much more SNS in frontal lobe than no body abuse (2.41±1.63 vs.1.65±1.00,P0.01).The sexual abuse group have much more SNS in temporal lobe than no sexual abuse group (6.29±1.83 vs 4.28±2.82,P0.01).②The SNS of frontal and temporal lobe were significantly associated with the child abuse (r=0.29 P0.01;r=0.24,P0.05).The emotion abuse,emotion neglect and body abuse were significantly associated with the SNS of frontal lobe(r=0.284,P0.01;r=0.345,P0.01;r=0.218,P0.05).③HAMD were significantly associated with the SNS of total and each brain lobe;SIOSS were significantly associated with SNS of total frontal parietal and temporal lobe.Conclusion:The child abuse can negatively influence the brain in depressive patients.Different kinds of abuses affect different lobes,especially the frontal lobe.


Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. (uvaia) represents a heritage of our plant biodiversity. This study has performed a chronology of the evolution of the word uvaia along the brazilian history, as well as its possible migration across Brazil. Uvaia fruits taste sour, characteristic reported in etymological descriptions, and are used as food by different traditional communities. The first historical records of uvaia occurred in the xvii century, through descriptions of indigenous vocabularies, the old Tupi and Guarani, performed by the Jesuits and, thereafter, were recorded in literature works and scientific papers.


I first met Larry Machlin in 1975 (S.S.S.) when he joined the Clinical Nutrition Group at Hoffmann–LaRoche. This was an exciting time for nutrition sciences at Roche. O. Neal Miller, Myron Brin, Jack Bauenfriend, Ann Sullivan, and James Hamilton already were part of the group. Larry and I arrived at about the same time. I had transferred from the biochemistry group and Larry had come from the Monsanto Company. Vishwa Singh and Hemmi Bagavahan followed and then Adrianne Bendich joined a couple of years later. Larry was responsible for my brief foray into vitaminology. I was then the retinoid biochemist at Roche. In Larry's own style, which I can only describe as "covert persuasion," he convinced me to "look" at vitamin A while I was studying the synthetic retinoids. At the time, I didn't know that he had convinced me. I believed it was my idea. I also "looked" at vitamin C, -carotene, and vitamin E. Before I knew what was happening, I had become a "vitamin person." In 1984, I transferred to head the expanding Dermatology Research Department at Roche. Larry, his wife, Ruth, I, and my wife, Elaine, became good friends and have remained so. We watched each other's children grow and establish their own careers and enjoyed hearing the latest news on the growth of their own families. In addition to the personal pleasure of knowing Larry, he served as a mentor in the late 1970s to early 1980s. He taught me the importance of asking direct and testable scientific questions. He exposed me to the world of nutrition, which I still value and often fall back on. I often was envious of Larry's ability to enjoy life. He could separate work from recreation. He loved the outdoor life and enjoyed the best that the four seasons had to offer. He also loved humanity and was pained by the poverty and suffering that is still so prevalent in the world. His contributions to experimental and clinical nutrition are well documented by his numerous scientific papers and books, which I can always refer to. I will miss his friendship, but I am filled with wonderful memories of the quarter of a century that we had known each other. In this review, we describe the uses and roles of vitamins (and derivatives) in skin care (Table I). These include therapeutic molecules (retinoids and vitamin D analogs) for serious skin conditions and the antioxidant vitamins that protect the skin against environmental insult and have cosmetic benefits. VITAMIN A AND ITS ANALOGS (RETINOIDS)


Fertilizers have been at unbelievably high prices, with tight supplies for some fertilizers. Total crop production costs are causing credit supply issues, which complicates decisions to allocate available funds for production expenses. Crop prices are changing rapidly, as are fertilizer prices. High corn and soybean prices certain help pay for expensive fertilizer and provide even greater net return to fertilization. However, the recent reduction in crop prices makes payoff of fertilizer and other production costs more problematic, and uncertain prices makes planning for next year difficult. On top of these monetary issues, mother nature has given us wet conditions in 2008 causing many issues related to nitrogen (N) management, timeliness of field operations, and quite variable crop yields. These issues combined are causing producers to consider changing production practices, including cutting back on fertilizer use. There is no simple answer, and sometimes no change is the correct approach.


In this paper, we propose a method for recovering and classifying WSN data while minimizing the number of samples that need to be acquired, processed, and transmitted. The problem is formulated according to the recently proposed framework of Matrix Completion (MC), which asserts that a low rank matrix can be recovered from a small number of randomly sampled entries. The application of MC in WSN data is motivated by the assumption that sensory data exhibit intra-sensor correlations and that these data can be represented using known examples. We formulate the problem as that of recovering the low rank measurement matrix by encoding the contributions of known examples, the dictionary elements, for reconstructing and classifying the data. Experimental results using artificial data suggest that the proposed scheme is able to accurately reconstruct and classify the sensory data from a small number of measurements.


The present invention relates to delta opioid receptor modulators. More particularly, the present invention relates to tricyclic δ- opioid modulators. Pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions and methods of treating mild to severe pain and various diseases using compounds of the present invention are also described.


In today's Parkinson's disease research, the focus is changing away from symptomatic dopamine replacement and toward customized therapies aiming at restoring the molecular, morphological, and functional integrity of disease-specific brain circuits. Novel pharmacotherapeutic and non-pharmacological strategies are currently being evaluated, thanks to significant technological advancements in gene manipulation methods, DBS devices and software, and neuroimaging, as well as a better understanding of the methodological issues that have hampered PD therapeutic research to date. Furthermore, improvements in biomarker research and the development of strong, presumably multimodal indicators of etiology and disease progression are important for the success of PD clinical trials aiming at closing the long-standing gap in disease-modifying, personally tailored therapy choices.


The paper presents a coherent methodology of a multiple criteria evaluation of suppliers in clothing industry covering: definition of a set of variants fabric suppliers, definition of a consistent family of criteria that allows for their (including: the definition of the importance of cr towards changes of criteria values), computational experiments resulting in the final ranking of suppliers and finally the selection of the most desired supplier. The analysis of 5 suppliers namely fabric producers, operating on the Polish market, whose factories are located in Poland, have been taken into consideration. Also in the family of criteria evaluating the cooperating units (important for the DM), 9 measures have been taken into account. These have included, among others: product price/cost and payment conditions, timeliness of delivery/ supplier, reliability of delivery/ supplier, cost of delivery, accessibility of supplier. In the computational phase a selected MCDM/A ranking methods (especially Electre III/IV and AHP methods) have been applied.


In order to detect Dongfeng 4D locomotive axle comprehensively,the sample and defects were designed,and the ultrasonic testing methods and corresponding transducers were researched. The sample was designed 1∶1,12 defects were designed as contrast defect for the various locomotive axle stress concentration points. Various testing methods with corresponding transducers were used to detect comprehensively,such as shear wave testing with different angle,small angle longitudinal testing with different angle,and the surface wave probe was used for the axel body,double crystal probe was designed to detect lateral press-fit line part. Through a variety of types and methods of ultrasonic testing,the comprehensive inspection could be achieved for Dongfeng 4D locomotive axle.


It is important to check the position of the endotracheal tube on the portable chest radiography for patients in the intensive care units. The position of carina is not easy to identify on portable chest radiography due to the low image contrast and abundant noise at this region of interest. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to identify the position of carina. The proposed method is integrated with the rule-based image segmentation, contrast enhancement, selective thresholding, and morphological image processing. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust and the success rate is 85.9%. It can be used to enhance patient safety by early detection and prompt correction of improper position of the endotracheal tube.


While sandstone s of the coal-bearing rocks of the Appalachian Plateau have littl e petroleum potential , data about them obtained from large highway cuts and surface mines provide excellent information about fluvio-deltaic sand bodies. Such sand bodies are oil bearing elsewher e but are known only from subsurfac e records. These Appalachian surface exposures illustrate both internal characteristic s such as bedding structures as well as the external morphology of the rock bodies and their relationships to other rock types and sequences . In addition, closel y associate d paleosoils, often overlain by coal beds, demonstrat e surfaces sufficiently emergent to suppor t vascular plants and provide a "sea-level " datum relative to the sand bodies. Finally, standar d coal industry exploration practice in the region, which includes continuous coring with horizontal spacing on the order of 2000 feet, provides data which permit a portrayal of lateral distribution of sandstones .


Aqueous adhesive containing, based on solid contents, - 20 to 80% by weight of an (meth)acrylic copolymer (A) as dispersion in water, - 10 to 50% by weight of a resin (B), - 5 to 30% by weight of a reaction product (C) of i) 20 to 50% based on dispersion (C) of an (meth)acrylic copolymer having an acidic number of 1 - 100 mg KOH/g in form of a dispersion, ii) 5 to 40% based on dispersion (C) of at least one sugar alcohol with a MN of 100 to 600 g/mol, and reacting the mixture in alkaline solution for 0,1 to 6 hours, and 0,1 to 30% by weight of one or more auxiliaries (D) wherein the sum A to D adds to 100%.


An adaptive dynamic grid method for wake-vortex/ground interaction problems is developed and its effects on the solution accuracy have been investigated. The unsteady full NavierStokes equations are solved by using three different grids. The first grid is a single zone and fixed size grid. The second grid is also a single zone grid but its fine core region is split into two parts whenever the separation distance of the vortices exceeds a certain length. The third grid uses a multi-zone technique by means of two embedded grids placed at vortex cores to alleviate excess numerical dissipation. These grids are applied to the same initial-condition case with a linear crosswind shear and a prescribed temperature distribution due to the engine exhaust plume. The results are compared with the measurements taken at Idaho Falls in 1990. It has been conclusively demonstrated that an adaptive dynamic grid combined with a multi-zone approach is necessary to obtain accurate results.


EPDM formulations were developed with both carbon black and aluminum hydroxide as fillers. Mechanical and electrical properties were evaluated with the purpose to find out those compositions which would meet the Brazilian Association for Technical Standards, ABNT, requirements as for their use in wires and cables. As expected carbon black has a negative effect and its presence should be restricted to less than 22 phr if these materials are to be used in the range of medium voltages (up to 15 kV).


Industry is playing an important role in national economy, the efficiency and developing trend of which is widely being paid attention to. However, severe environmental problems always emerge along with rapid industrial development at the same time. Based on the method integrating Principal Component Analysis and Super-efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis, this article introduces environmental factors into the system to evaluate Chinese industrial green-efficiency of year 2000~2008, indicating the current major problems which hinder coordinated economic-environmental development of Chinese industry, and putting forward the improving direction.


Introduction : Learning problems influencing the social and psychological development of children may result from poor visual acuity (VA), insufficient amplitude of accommodation and receded near point of convergence (NPC). This study assessed Grade 4 and 5 academic achievement ( 5 cm) for NPC and 85.7% had a receded recovery point (> 7 cm). Conclusion: Of the three visual functions evaluated in this study, the only visual function associated with academic achievement was amplitude of accommodation. It would thus be recommended that learners are screened for optimal visual function earlier in life if especially the amplitude of accommodation is receded.


aDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA bDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA cDepartment of Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA dDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA


Introduction: uterine cervix cancer has been identified as very frequent among Brazilian women that justifies the importance in identifying previously cervical cancer precursor lesions (LPCCU). The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main agent for this type of cancer, being a serious problem in public health. It is important to know the socio-economic and demographic origins of women, which helps to reduce the number of cases of the disease. Objective: know and analyze women's socio-economic and demographic profile with HPV and LPCCU. Methods: composed by 120 women diagnosed with LPCCU classified in Reproductive Age Group (IRG) and Group of Reproductive Age (GINR) in Service Cervical Pathology in a gynecology outpatient clinic of a Public University Federal of Rio de Janeiro in the Southeast. The study period was from February to June of 2008. A quantitative, descriptive research wa used. The data were highlighted in variables divided into economic characteristics, demographic and gynecologic obstetrics. The data were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics by using single frequency (%). Results: the diagnosis of LPCCU ranged between the ages of 16 and 95 years old. GINR presented the highest percentage of women with LPCCU aged between 46 and 55. Family income in the two groups was highlighted by two minimum wages. The low level of education ranked high among the study subjects. Sexually transmitted disease was prevalent HPV infection. Conclusion: given the women's socio-economic and demographic profile in the study, should emphasize the focus on educational activities and preventive strategies to infection


The present invention relates to a keratin fiber dyeing process comprising the following steps: a) applying a first composition comprising one or more amino polymers, silicone or not, b) applying a second cosmetic composition comprising one or more silicones pressure sensitive adhesive, one or more volatile solvents, one or more pigments. Is thus obtained to the keratin fibers sheathings for obtaining colored sheathings residues on hair.


We present a time-dependent theoretical model to describe the formation of 1-D dark photovoltaic spatial solitons in open and closed-circuit configurations. The closed-circuit configuration presents several advantages over the open-circuit. First, higher magnitude space-charge fields are generated and consequently narrower solitons can be formed. In addition, steady-state solitons are obtained in shorter time. For intensity higher than the dark irradiance, we find that while the transient focusing effect giving rise to the quasi-steady-state spatial soliton is clearly observable in open circuit configuration it is predicted to vanish in closed-circuit configuration.


On-line characterization of powder and droplets during gas atomization of molten metals and alloys offers extensive opportunities for real-time process monitoring and control. The capability to make on-line measurements can significantly reduce tedious and costly powder classification, which, currently, is always carried out subsequent to the atomization process. Two laser-based particle sizing instruments, the EPCS (ensemble instrument) and PCSV (single particle instrument), were used during gas atomization of zinc with a double Coanda nozzle configuration. The laser instruments were positioned in the duct leading from the bottom of the atomization tower to the powder collection cyclone. The effect of gas to metal ratio on particle size was studied by varying the atomization gas pressure from 0.69 MPa to 1.03 MPa


This paper discusses a teaching experience obtained in the undergraduate course of Control Engineering at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brazil. The course endeavors to introduce the students to the university and to the real world of engineering and to develop an understanding of basic engineering concepts and foster professional skills. By introducing practicing engineering to the course from day one, student motivation is increased, and the relationship between theoretical and practical aspects of engineering is demonstrated more clearly. This "hands-on approach" allows the student a greater insight into the life of an engineer. It strengthens a weakness found in established teaching methods, allowing the individual to embark on his or her engineering education with greater confidence in his or her ability as an engineer.


Dr. Focke in this monograph takes his stand with the writers who in recent years have revived the theory of the composite character of the Sapientia Salomonis. The unity of the work had been denied as early as the middle of the seventeenth century by Houbigant, and towards the close of the following century by Eichhorn, afterwards also by Bretschneider, Bertholdt, and Engelbrecht not to speak of the fantastic view of Nachtigal, who regarded Wisdom as a mosaic to whose composition no less than seventy-nine wise men, divided into two assemblies, each of which had held three sessions, had contributed. These earlier denials of the unity of the book seemed to have been permanently disposed of by the commentary of Grimm which appeared in 1860, and under whose influence the later discussions of Deane, Farrar, Bois and Siegfried felt warranted in setting aside every idea of compositeness without further refutation. Since the beginning of the present century, however, the question has been reopened and there are indications that the tide is setting the other way. Lincke in 1903, Weber in 1904, Kohler in 1906, Gartner in 1912, though widely differing as to the component parts, all agreed in the verdict that the book is composite. Focke is of the same opinion, only he finds himself unable to support the arguments advanced and the concrete conclusions reached by these recent writers, and comes forward with a new division, based on a new method of analysis. While both the earlier and the later dissectors thought to discover the principal seam at the beginning of Chap. 11 or 12 or 13, Focke locates it between Chapters 5 and 6. He argues at length that the insertion of the treatise on idolatry contained in Chapters 13-15 is so carefully led up to in the immediately preceding and so naturally linked with to the immediately following context, that all doubt of the original unity of authorship is here excluded. Wendland and Geffcken have shown that there existed a fixed scheme for the apologetic and polemic treatment of idolatry on the part of Jewish writers, the identical outlines of which can be pointed out in Philo, Josephus, the Oracula Sibyllina and Sapientia, so that on this score also no ground whatever exists for assigning the treatise on idolatry to a separate author. The writer has in this section simply followed a traditional model which furnished him not merely with the form but practically also with the substance of his digressions. The insertion of the treatise on idolatry at this particular point was caused by the emergence of the principle repeatedly stated in the closing verses of Chapter 12 and carefully taken up again in the opening words of Chapter 16, that the object of sin is made by God the instrument of punishment of the sinner, for the illustration of which the fate of the Egyptian idolaters was particularly adapted. But the same idea of retaliation already appears in Chapter 11:15, and proves the coherence of what lies between this verse and Chapter 13. Apart from this the unity of Chapter 11:5ff. with the entire sequel of the book is established by the consistent method of contrasting with a calamity inflicted upon the Egyptians a blessing bestowed upon the Israelites. This method called by the rhetoricians sugkrisij is first introduced in 11:5 and afterwards applied till the end of the book. And inasmuch as Chapter 6 ff. are obviously Continuous with the sequel, Focke considers the literary unity of everything following Chapter 5:24 demonstrated.


Spatially resolved (∼1 μm) Raman scattering measurements of the Si optical phonon spectrum have been used to map the stress in silicon‐on‐sapphire device structures. Devices defined by an isolated island etch technique exhibit a stress relaxation extending about 1.5 μm from the edges of a 6‐μm‐wide Si stripe. Devices defined by a local oxidation of the Si exhibit a more uniform stress profile.


This chapter is based on the proposition that managing conflicts of interest and other potentially problematic regulatory issues, are, and probably always have been, integral to how individuals, groups and societies manage their trading relationships with other individuals, groups and societies. In particular, the levels of regulatory relative autonomy that market actors possess, both now and in the past, can be extremely influential in deciding a jurisdiction's regulatory agendas. How those agendas and their regulatory priorities evolve can be significant in shaping market practice and perceptions of what constitutes conflicts of interest and what should, or should not, be done in relation to them. This is true for all trading sectors, but the historical analysis of this chapter is on the financial services sector. The discussion is Anglo-centric in its focus, but will have some resonance regarding non-Anglo jurisdictions and how they regulate their financial markets.


governor. The sorts of interaction des' cribed vary from intense introspef tion, to thoroughly pragmat^ considerations; from a group of 1 meeting a few times, to the evoli1' tion of staff-management intef" action over a period of 53 years 'Jj a firm employing I6i thousand people; from a therapeutic groD? for neurotics to the adjustments 0 whole sections of a city. The aifs of the groups are equally varie^' the academic objective 'to stu<" the behaviour of the group and tjjf individuals in it'; exploring se"


Examines the contemporary lexical component of the English/Creole of Trinidad (TEC) that is derived from languages of India. Author focuses on the TEC as spoken among Indo-Trinidadians, but also pays attention to Indic words used in the TEC of Afro-Trinidadians and other groups. Author sketches the history of Indian immigration into Trinidad, explaining how most came from the Bihar province in northern India and spoke Bhojpuri, rather than (closely related) Hindi, and how in the 20th c. Indian languages were replaced by English with education. She further focuses on retained Indic words incorporated in current-day TEC, and found 1844 of such words in usage. She discusses words misassigned locally as Indian-derived, but actually from other (European or African) languages. Then, she describes most of the Indo-TEC lexicon, categorizing items by their semantic-cultural domain, with major domains for Indian-derived words: religious practice, music, dance and stickfighting, food preparation, agriculture, kinship, and behaviour or appearance. Further, the author discusses to what degree Indic words have been mainstreamed within the non-Indian population of Trinidad, sometimes via standard English, sometimes directly assimilated into TEC, and made salient through the press or street food selling.


This faith is historically related to the period of Ottoman rule during which Islam was introduced into Bosnia and Herzegovina. The religious differentiation was strengthened by the millet system also introduced at that time. The millet system is a natural consequence of the Ottoman Muslim state, where nationality as such was not recognized. What was recognized was religion and religious affiliation, and the Christians (primarily Orthodox), Muslims and Jews became members of the autonomous communities, severally designated millet (strictly translated 'nation') which were administered by their own religious leaders, selected by the members but subject to the approval of the Sultan and confirmed by the imperial berat. The autonomy was based on local customs, reinforced later by special decrees. It included control of property, judiciary, marriage, dowry system, education,etc.1 The millet system was stratified and the Muslim millet enjoyed the highest position in the pyramid, as it was the only millet with a religion identical with that of the Ottoman ruling elite. The millet system succeeded in preserving local autonomy, customs and traditions, but perpetuated the division and separation of the different religious and ethnic groups, as large-scale Islamization was never pursued. It never contributed toward the building of one Ottoman society, which had serious consequences in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The millet system, on the other hand, was also responsible for the emphasis on religious exclusiveness which has been so characteristic of Balkan societies until


A model is described that enables the calculation of thin-film transistor (TFT) characteristics starting from fundamental considerations of charge transport. Starting from scattering mechanisms and trap distribution in a semiconductor, electric field and charge density distributions are calculated along the channel length direction. Output and transfer characteristics of a TFT can be calculated at any temperature. The model is quasi-two-dimensional and is based on multiple trap and release transport in the semiconductor active layer. Importantly, the charge transport models that constitute the basis of this paper are very sophisticated and operate at a level of depth and detail that go beyond most other studies on thin-film transistors. Contact resistance effects, often very important in TFTs, are included in the model. Simulation results are presented for several representative TFT dimensions and parameter sets. The model is designed for convenient use by the research community, and the source code as well as instructions are publicly available. The modular nature of the models allows for ease in changing the semiconductor parameters, transport mechanisms, contact barriers, etc.


Under the experimental conditions, the fluorescence reflectance of fabrics improved with the increase of the concentration of fluorescent dyes, but it showed downtrend over a certain concentration; the fluorescence reflectance was the highest at about pH = 5; The fluorescence reflectance of dyed fabrics was improved by fluorescence brightening agent (FBA), when the concentration of FBA in Fluorescent Yellow 2GL was increased from 0.1% to 5%, the fluorescence reflectance was improved from 8.43% to 18.59%, FBA only improved the brightness of non-fluorescent dyes, and no fluorescence was observed, the fluorescence reflectance of fabrics dyed with fluorescent dyes was lowered with the adding of non-fluorescent dyes.


Hjørland's typology of the epistemological positions underlying methods for designing KO systems recognizes four basic epistemological positions: empiricism, rationalism, historicism, and pragmatism. Application of this typology to close analysis of Julius Otto Kaiser's theory of systematic indexing shows that his epistemological and methodological positions were hybrid in nature. Kaiser's epistemology was primarily empiricist and pragmatist in nature, whereas his methodology was pragmatist in aim but rationalist in mechanics. Unexpected synergy between the pragmatist and rationalist elements of Kaiser's methodology is evidenced by his stated motivations for the admission of polyhierarchy into syndetic structure. The application of Hjørland's typology to similar analyses of other KO systems may uncover other cases of epistemological-methodological eclecticism and synergy. Introduction: The Theoretical Background In recent years, the fi eld of knowledge organization (KO) has undergone an epistemological turn, as researchers have increasingly addressed the issue of what theories of knowledge (should) underpin the practice of classifi cation and indexing (e.g., Hjørland, 1997, 2003; Svenonius, 2004; Zins, 2004). In light of KO's fundamental concern with categorization, it is only appropriate that one product of this interest in theories of knowledge has been a typology of the different epistemological positions that provide its theoretical underpinning. Elaborated by Birger Hjørland in a series of publications (e.g., Hjørland, 1998, 163; 2003, 105–107; Hjørland & Albrechtsen, 1999, 134), this typology recognizes four basic epistemological orientations: empiricism, which posits that knowledge is generated through the observation of phenomena and constructed through the process of induction; rationalism, which holds that knowledge is attained through rational intuition of pre-existent categories and built up by the process of deduction; historicism, which foregrounds the historical and contextual factors that shape knowledge; and pragmatism, which lays stress on the knower's goals and values, as well as the consequences of his or her conceptualizations for both him/her and the objects with which (s)he is concerned, as key elements in the constitution of knowledge. In presenting this typology, Hjørland (1998, 163) distinguishes between the epistemological positions themselves and the methods of classifi cation (or indexing) that they underwrite. This distinction is important, for it suggests that, on an analytic level, the use of any given method within a given KO system can be dissociated from the epistemological position that provides its theoretical justifi cation—that is to say, the methods used in constructing a KO system need not mirror, in all particulars, the specifi c epistemological commitments of its creator(s) and/or curator(s). Indeed, as Hjør land and Albrechtsen (1999, 133) have observed, actual systems tend not be tied exclusively to methods deriving from a single epistemological position but often incorporate methodological elements derived from different epistemological theories. 1. These lapidary characterizations of the four epistemological positions only summarize, in most general terms, what are highly complex and widely ramifi ed philosophical orientations: for a fuller tabular overview of the basic principles of these positions, see Hjørland, 1997, 60, 71, 74, & 76. proceedings_isko_vol-11.indd Paper37:242 2008-05-04 08:07:03


This study investigates the relevance of other comprehensive income to returns, using a sample of LQ 45 companies listing on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2018, and using simple regression analysis.The results found that other comprehensive income is relevant to stock returns; this indicates the existence of OCI information is considered important for decision making. Other comprehensive income includes all changes in the company's net assets that are adjusted to market conditions and are transparent and have a predictive value on future profits so that it can affect the value of the company. One measurement of company value can be measured by looking at the rate of return on company stock returns.


The present study aims to verify if there is a correlation between the propulsive
power measured in the dynamometer compact DINACOM and the field tests in
wheelchair basketball players. The research has an experimental design, as far as
the approach to research is classified in a quantitative research, with respect to
nature it is a basic research and as far as the objectives the research is explanatory.
Eight basketball players in the state of Pernambuco were evaluated with mean age
and functional class 35.63 ± 12.47 and 2.81 ± 1.13, respectively, who underwent
some field tests, namely , sprint test in 20 meters (V20), medicine ball throw test,
agility tests in displacement of 6x9 meters and in the form of eight and also were
submitted to the test of propulsive power in DINACOM. The collected data were
analyzed using the Pearson correlation statistical test, but no significant values were
verified for any of the measures. However, after controlling for correlations through
the functional classification of the players (partial correlations), moderate values were
verified between the contralateral percentage difference and the 2kg medicine ball
pitch (r = 0.611; p> 0.05), and the Index of fatigue on the left side with the medicine
ball throw of 4kg. There were also moderate and high partial correlations between
the 20-meter sprint performance with the maximum and average power of the right
side (r = 0.590, p> 0.05, r = 0.608, p> 0.05, respectively) and left (r = 0.766, p <0.05,
r = 0.6310, p> 0.05, respectively). In a joint (bilateral) analysis, moderate correlations
were found between maximum power and mean power with the sprint performance (r
= 0.715, p 0.05, respectively). The propulsive power
assessed by DINACOM is associated with athletic performance in wheelchair
basketball players, however, it depends on the players' functional classification.


Calcium ionophoresis into coenocytic cells of Neurospora crassa activates the plasma membrane proton pump as measured by current-voltage analysis. This is direct evidence that intracellular calcium regulates the activity of a key transport enzyme found in higher plants and fungi.


Pairs trading is a strategy that takes advantage of the temporary mispricing of two assets with a long-run equilibrium. When the assets diverge, the relatively undervalued asset is bought and the relatively overvalued asset is sold. Because profits don't depend on the movement of the market, the strategy is considered market neutral. We back test a pairs trading strategy based on cointegration using daily closing prices of all S&P 100 stocks over the period 1985-August 2012. We give an intuitive explanation of the theory and methodology and we discuss the empirical results. We find that a simple cointegration-based pairs trading strategy with conventional trading rules and time horizons can generate statistically significant annualized excess returns between 6% and 7% after accounting for transaction costs, with only half the standard deviation of the S&P 500. In times of high market volatility, such as the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, the strategy can generate annualized excess returns as high as 30%. Very low betas indicate the pairs portfolios are in fact market neutral. We also apply the strategy to S&P 500 stocks between 2003-July 2012. We analyze the performance of this broader stock sample over the last ten years and apply modifications to the algorithm. We conclude by suggesting how to incorporate fundamental factors in the pairs selection process to make the strategy more effective.


The authors investigated the influence of tartaric acid, which possesses complex-forming properties. In order to establish the optimum system of possible refinement of tellurium, the authors study the kinetics of both the cathodic and the anodic processes. The investigation of processes of discharging-ionization of tellurium from nitric acid electrolytes in the presence of tartrate ions showed the possibility of preparing a nitric-tartaric acid electrolyte which can be used for commercial purposes and from which a high-purity raffinate was obtained from technical tellurium.


In recent years the housing industry has thrived in Chongqing, China. Living space of 10.77 square metres per capita was provided in 2000 and this figure increased to 15.52 square metres per capita by 2001. However, housing development in Chongqing is not without problems. The main difficulty in Chongqing's housing market has been a mismatch between supply and demand at different housing market levels, which is due to overwhelming housing demand and poor affordability. Sustainability is the primary trend of the local housing industry. To ease the pressure on the population, ecological environment, resources and environment, housing industrialization is one of the feasible options for Chongqing. This paper is based on a literature review and field research to collect primary data that is currently in progress. The paper analyzes existing problems, as well as confronting challenges and opportunities for the development of the Chongqing's housing industry, and it summarizes the manner in which to promote housing industrialization. It examines the viability of the development of industrialized housing in Chongqing with a special emphasis on localization, whereby full advantage can be taken by use of local resources. Particular emphasis is given to the establishment of a framework for the advancement of housing industrialization that expedites the development of housing technology, thereby improving housing contribution to science and technology.


The present invention relates to a process for the fermentative production of methionine, a method for the isolation of methionine thus formed, the resulting in the isolation of methionine-containing biomass, their use for the preparation of a feed or feed supplement, and the use of the isolated methionine for the preparation of food or feed or food or feed supplements.


ABUSE of amphetamine and methamphetamine is widespread in the United States (1-3). In particular, methamphetamine abuse is popular among young drug abusers in San Francisco (4). In 1967, Kramer and co-workers (5) estimated that at least 4,000 persons in San Francisco were regularly taking intravenous amphetamine. Altlhough the majority of the drug users appear to be high school dropouts and hippies, evidence is increasing that high school students are gaining experience with the drug. A 1968 survey of 18,800 high school students in the San Francisco area revealed that 16.3 percent of the students admitted having had experience with amphetamine and more than 6 percent of the students interviewed admitted having used the drug on 10 or more separate occasions (6).


entrainment of the ejected particles with the position of the freeboard have been widely investigated in terms of the transport disengaging height, TDH.3~10'13-18) In these investigations, it has been shownthat the variations depend on the composition of fine particles as well as the solid properties and the bubbling bed characteristics. However, little attention has been paid to the composition near the bed surface and complete mixing of solid particles has been


where Pr = aT /3 is the radiation pressure. Inside a star conditions are very close to LTE, but there must be some anisotropy of the radiation field if there is a net flow of radiation from the deep interior towards the surface. We shall consider intensity of radiation as a function of radiation frequency, position inside a star, and a direction in which the photons are moving. We shall consider a spherical star only, so the dependence on the position is just a dependence on the radius r, i.e. the distance from the center. The angular dependence is reduced to the dependence on the angle between the light ray and the outward radial direction, which we shall call the polar angle θ. The intensity becomes Iν(r, θ). Let us consider a change in the intensity of radiation in the direction θ at the radial distance r when we move along the beam by a small distance dl = dr/ cos θ. The intensity will be reduced by the amount proportional to the opacity per unit volume, κνρ multiplied by dl, where ρ is density of matter and κν is monochromatic opacity in units cm 2 g. Also, the intensity will increase by the amount proportional to the emissivity of gas. Under nearly LTE condition the emissivity per unit volume is given given as a product κνρBν(T ). The equation of monochromatic radiation transfer is written as


The chapter deals with the problem of controlling the flow of information coming from a group of unmanned air vehicles by radio channel. The inevitable data losses are compensated by repetition of lost packages or reconfiguration network. Modern methods control of data flow assumes using a mechanism ARQ based on the method sliding window. The consequence of these problems is a partial or total loss of its performance manifested in a decrease in the network's starting throughput. Part of the problem of restoring the network is solved by routing mechanisms, which lead to reconfiguration of the network due to the elimination of faulty nodes. Management of computer network overload is solved by well-known routing protocols such as OSPF, IS-IS, RIP, and others. In solving the problem, the representation of the output of individual nodes of the network using the "death and reproduce" scheme was used substantially. This scheme of network operation presupposes its representation by the Markov chain and the derivation of probabilistic characteristics by solving the Kolmogorov equations.


The intelligent vendor system includes several intelligent vendors connected to server through communication link, and each vendor includes commodity storing unit, commodity feeding and commodity outputting unit, temperature detecting unit, temperature regulating unit, display unit, communication unit and control unit. It can control the output of stored commodity, regulate temperature, control remotely and transmit various state data. The present invention raises the intelligent level of vendor by means of network communication and control technology.


The toxicity in humans of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin, a man‐made compound and environmental pollutant, is still debated. The industrial accident at Seveso, Italy, in 1976 exposed a large population of both sexes and of all ages to a massive concentration of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin. Monitoring of soil and measurement of blood samples allowed classification of the exposed population into three categories: A, B and R (high, medium and low exposure, respectively). This article presents data from longitudinal health monitoring of the population, including liver function, immune function, neurological impairment, dermatological effects, reproductive pathology, and mortality.


Abstract : A lot has happened in the area of space propulsion over the last 10 years prompting one to wonder, "Where are we going next?" This paper will first take a quick look back at history and from this perspective postulate the future directions for space propulsion. Topics to be addressed include spacelift and spacecraft propulsion. The future holds many great opportunities but just as many technical challenges.


This base station, which is used in a wireless communication system in which multiplexing is applied in a power region, is provided with: a transmission unit which transmits, to user devices, a power ratio used by the user devices in order to calculate channel state information; and a reception unit which receives, from the user devices, the channel state information calculated using the power ratio.


This paper describes an architecture for global queue management (GQM). Global refers to the set of all queues in routers present in some network flow path. The main idea of the architecture is the detection of some anomaly somewhere downstream and the propagation of the local decision to a set of upstream routers or switches. The upstream devices are free to act as they wish. GQM is useful to boost some QoS configuration, save network resources, and to provide some mechanism to mitigate network attacks. It's also possible to integrate GQM with SDN, specially with OpenFlow that provides a Controller that can act upon anomaly detection.


Metal-assisted chemical etching (MAE) was used as an alternative route to texturise the front surface of multicrystalline Si solar cells. Ag nanoparticles deposited by an electroless method on the Si surface acted as catalysts for Si etching in a solution containing HF and H2O2, an oxidizing species. MAE formed a duplex structure at the surface of the Si wafer consisting in a mesoporous Si layer that after dissolution in NaOH revealed the second structure, which is a macrotexturised surface. After texturisation, the effective reflectivity (AM1.5G, 400-1000 nm) ranged between 12% and 15% depending on the duration of the dissolution treatment of the mesoporous layer. MAE texturised solar cells were compared to NaOH texturised solar cells made with similar wafers (∼25% in effective reflectivity). MAE texturisation leads to a gain in fill factor (FF) but not in short-circuit current (JSC) (from average values). The best MAE cell exhibited higher JSC (+2%) and efficiency (16.1%) compared to the best NaOH cell (15.7%). (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The design parameters of effective magnetic insulation for plasma engines are discussed. An experimental model used to demonstrate the process of plasma acceleration and magnetic insulation is considered which consists of a copper strap that is wound around a glass tube and connected to a capacitor. In order to adequately model the magnetic insulation mechanisms, a computer algorithm is developed. Plasma engines, with their efficient utilization of the propellant mass, are expected to provide the next-generation advanced propulsion systems.


Applications of participatory mapping (PMapping) and PGIS to the mapping of local spatial knowledge are expanding; therefore, updated ethics and good practice improvements are needed. The intention here is to secern, or distinguish between, two pairs of concepts essential to PMapping – between 'facts' and 'values' in the knowledge being mapped and between 'representation' and 'representativity in the Pmapping processes. Local spatial knowledge is not homogeneous; facts and values are distinct although intrinsically related. In a world of 'fake news´ and attacks on science, it is even more essential to distinguish facts from values in maps and other media. Concerning representation of both facts and values, the questions are how to represent local knowledge. Concerning representativity in the process, whose local spatial knowledge is being presented, and why? PMapping is not democratic; it is exceptionalist and informed – that should be acknowledged as a strength, not a deficiency. with emphases on spatial planning, community initiatives, risks and vulnerability,


Latent Semantic Indexing is a method for selecting informative subspaces of feature spaces. It was developed for information retrieval to reveal semantic information from document co-occurrences. The paper demonstrates how this method can be implemented implicitly to a kernel deened feature space and hence adapted for application to any kernel based learning algorithm and data. Experiments with text and UCI data show the technique can improve gen-eralisation performance by focussing attention of a Support Vector Machine onto informative subspaces of the feature space.


Previous attempts to account for varying levels of marital satisfaction have considered many factors. Yet, these attempts have rarely looked at the connections among race, class, and gender as explanations for differences in satisfaction. This article illustrates the importance of examining unique race-class-gender locations of individuals when studying marital satisfaction. The authors introduce a more complex analysis of the connections among race, class, and gender effects in the production of marital satisfaction. The authors' data, which are drawn from a national survey, consist of 492 individuals in dual-earner couples. Study results provide information on variations in marital satisfaction across groups and substantial evidence that we must move beyond analyses that concentrate only on race, class, or gender differences by themselves. The authors' discussion addresses possible reasons why race-class-gender connections are important factors in determining marital satisfaction. The authors conclude that an analysis of connections among structural inequalities is one of the best directions for future research.


This paper describes the computer room,network security-related issues,analyzes the reasons for these problems from two aspects of computer network security proposed to solve these problems,and ensured network security in computer room.


-In this paper proposed The information and communication technology (ICT) sector is estimated to be responsible for around 2% of the global CO2 emissions. Within ICT, cellular networks are one of the biggest contributors. Base stations (BSs) operations consume up to 80% of the energy required for the operation of a cellular network.LTE cellular systems are typically designed for providing full coverage and good performance for a given (nominal) user density. The objective of a base station switching (BSS) framework is to achieve the best possible energy versus throughput trade-off while maintaining full coverage when user equipment (UE) density decreases. When a BS is switched off, it affects all its neighboring BSs, which have to take over the region no more covered by that BS, making coverage more difficult. We consider that the operator switches off BSs using predefined global BSS patterns (motivated from the frequency re-use patterns typically used in cellular networks) that have been designed off-line to offer full coverage with suitable scheduling schemes on the uplink and the downlink. We present performance-energy trade-off results, for a given user density, for uplink and downlink in urban as well as rural macro-cell environments and quantify the gain obtained from the proposed schemes with respect to the


1 This paper presents the personal views of the author and not those of USAID. I would like to thank Pak Usmanto Setiawan for excellent research assistance.


The present paper deals with the discourse function of dependent clauses (DC) and dependent phrases (DP), arguing the following two points: First, DC have a more global function than DP in the sense that they are more related to a previous context, while DP function much more locally at the sentence level. Second, this difference of discourse functions is motivated by the constructional characteristics of DC and DP. Generally, DC are more independent of their main clause in the sense that they include their own verb. They can, therefore, function more freely beyond the main clause at the discourse level.


Freeze drying for porous Mo was accomplished by using powder as the source and camphor-naphthalene eutectic system as the sublimable material. Eutectic composition of camphor-naphthalene slurries with the initial content of 5 vol%, prepared by milling at with a small amount of oligomeric dispersant, was frozen at . The addition of dispersant showed improvement of dispersion stability in slurries. Pores were generated subsequently by sublimation of the camphor-naphthalene during drying in air for 48 h. To convert the to metallic Mo, the green body was hydrogen-reduced at , and sintered at for 2 h. The sintered samples, frozen by heated Teflon cylinder, showed large pores with the size of about 40 which were aligned parallel to the sublimable vehicles growth direction. The formation of unidirectionally aligned pores is explained by the rejection and accumulation of solid particles in the serrated solid-liquid interface.


Submitted for the APR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Searching for High Speed CHAMPs at the LHC TODD ADAMS, JIE CHEN, Florida State University — Charged, massive particles with long lifetimes (CHAMPs) are predicted by many new theories that extend the standard model. Traditional searches involve looking for slow moving, highly ionizing particles. However, we show that the large center of mass energy of the LHC allows for CHAMPs that that are fast. We have developed a method to separate fast CHAMPs from fast muons, thereby increasing the discovery potential of early LHC data. Todd Adams Florida State University Date submitted: 20 Oct 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


A composite decoupling structure is proposed to ameliorate the mutual couplings for dual-band dual-polarized base station array. The structure consists of dual-band decouple surface combined with staggered dielectric surface and several meandered line resonators embedded on the ground. The proposed decoupling structure achieves synchronously reduction of c-pol E-plane, H-plane, and x-pol couplings. In this letter, a staggered 2-1-2 array integrated with the proposed decoupling structure is simulated and measured. The results demonstrate that the decoupled array is operating in the 3.3–3.7 GHz (B1) and 4.8–5.5 GHz (B2) bands with VSWR better than 1.5 and the isolation can be improved to 20 dB in B1 band and 25 dB in B2 band even higher. The radiation patterns of the decoupled array are well maintained with about 20% (B1) and 5% (B2) total efficiency improvement, and the envelope correlation coefficient of the ports is decreased from above 0.02 to less than 0.003 over the whole operating bands. The proposed scheme has potential application prospects in massive multiple-input–multiple-output and fifth-generation (5G) communication systems.


BACKGROUND
There is no established protocol for the low doses of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition and filter application on the diagnosis of condylar morphological alterations.

OBJECTIVES
The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of voxel size and filter application on the diagnosis of condylar morphological alterations in CBCT using an ex vivo model.

METHODS
CBCT scans of 36 temporomandibular joints were acquired using OP300 Maxio with voxel sizes of 0.085, 0.125 and 0.280 mm. Three radiologists evaluated the condyles in the CBCT volumes under three filter modes: no filter, '1x' sharpen filter and '2x' sharpen filter. The area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the evaluators' responses with the reference standard and compared among experimental groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α = 5%).

RESULTS
The area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity were not affected by voxel size and filter application (p > .05). For osteophyte and flattening, there were more true-positive responses in smaller voxel size. For erosion, the increase of true- and false-positive responses occurred with a larger voxel size. Overall, there was a tendency to decrease true positives for osteophyte and erosion and increase false positives for flattening with the '2x' sharpen filter.

CONCLUSIONS
The diagnosis of condylar morphological alterations assessed in this ex vivo analysis is not influenced by the voxel size and the application of the filters. However, attention is needed with the occurrence of false-positive diagnosis with a larger voxel size for erosion and '2x' sharpen filter for flattening.


SUMMARY Smith and Glazer (2006) provided motivation for the South African standardized albacore CPUE to be split into two series, i.e. a 1985 - 1998 series and a 1999 - present series. The reason for the split series was that more detailed information was available in the latter time period to allow for more appropriate vessel classification and catch verification processes. As with traditional reporting of standardized CPUE for the south Atlantic albacore stock, the abundance index was obtained on a yearly basis for both series. At the ICCAT albacore working group meeting held in 2006 it was decided that MULTIFAN-CL, which is a length-based age-structured fisheries model, would also be used to assess the south Atlantic albacore stock. As this model requires abundance indices by quarter the General Linear Models (GLMs) applied to the respective datasets were modified accordingly and re-run. Below is a description of the form and results of the GLMs applied to each series. RESUME


Speech is one of the most complex non stationary signals and is also the easiest way of communication between human beings. Speech signals can be exaggerated by the behavior and emotions of speakers. Facial expression can be recognized through electromyography (EMG) signals. These signals from specific facial muscles are recorded for speech recognition and system automation. The human face is an area for displaying different emotions. The temperature distribution on facial muscles can be captured through R camera, which may be regarded as texture features of images. In this research work five male subjects were taken and their corresponding IR images at the instant of utterance of velar and palatal consonants were captured and their average distances were calculated. The analysis of the results showed that the average of difference images were more speaker dependent as compared to speech content. The average distances of palatal consonants are relatively more as compared to velar consonants.


Background: The levels of nutrition that children receive in their first years of life greatly determine their psychosomatic development. Aim: The study was to identify dietary patterns of children aged 1–3 years based on data on food consumption structure from 2 population studies performed in Poland (2011 and 2016) and to assess changes in product selection in the children's diets with respect to their nutritional status. Methods: Both studies were performed on nationwide representative samples (2011: n = 400; 2016: n = 612) using questionnaire surveys. Nutritional status was estimated using body weight-to-height z-score. Feeding practices were evaluated based on 3-day dietary/food records, including 1 weekend day. Results: Four dietary patterns of toddlers were identified and changes in the distribution of these patterns in the population after 5 years were analysed and compared. Diets of children in the second year of life were better balanced in terms of energy and nutritional value owing to young child formula content. Diets of children in the third year of life were higher in energy and protein, with a higher percentage of energy derived from saccharose. Diets of all groups of children were deficient in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D and potassium but excessive in sodium. Conclusions: Over 5 years, the percentage of children on a diet with high intake of formula for young children significantly decreased but increased on a diet with high dairy content. Dietary patterns of toddlers were associated with their weight by height z score and nutrient profile.


This study classified the various selection attributes of coffee houses from a customer"s perspective by using kano model, and tried to verify the customer satisfaction growth factors and the customer complaint reduction factors through the calculation of the CS-Coefficient proposed by Timko(1993). Through literature review and pre-investigation, we drew 10 selection attributes of coffee houses such as "quality", "price", "brand", "atmosphere", "variety", "cleanliness", "convenience", "service", "promotion" and "recommendation", and made a questionnaire composed of pairs of a positive question and a negative question. Analysis result indicated that Attractive quality(A) was involved in "the recommendation of a barista", "discount associated with credit cards" and "convenience of the smoking facilities", and One-dimensional quality(O) was related to "taste of coffee", "flavor" and "service quality". And through the calculation of CS-Coefficient, "the recommendation of a barista", "atmosphere" and "overall service quality" were found to have high CS-Coefficient, and "discount associated with credit cards" and "cleanliness of utensils" were verified to have high complaint coefficient. The significance of this study is to understand elements that we have to consider preferentially for running a coffee house, by drawing selection attributes reflecting characteristics of coffee houses and investigating factors to increase the customer"s satisfaction.


At the end of the last century, R. Forman [6] developed a discrete version of Morse theory that turned out to be a fruitful and efficient method for the study of the topology of discrete objets, which play a central role in many different fields of pure and applied mathematics. Essentially, a discrete Morse function on a simplicial complex is a way to assign a real number to each simplex, without any continuity hypothesis, in such a way that the natural order given by the dimension of the simplices is respected, except at most in one (co)face of the given simplex. As in the smooth setting, discrete Morse theory allows to establish a link between the topology of the level sets of the function and its critical simplices. This provides a useful tool to deal with shape recognition problems by methods that are grounded in Morse theory: Reeb graphs, persistent homology or Morse Shape descriptors in the sense of [1].