The main objective of this research is to evaluate how the transport sector affects the satisfaction of citizens. The model developed aims both at assessing the satisfaction of citizens and using it as a tool to measure the change in citizens' satisfaction resulting from new mobility practices or policies. The developed scenarios are based on the principles of sustainability and the action plans concern: better accessibility conditions for alternative means of transport; improving travel safety; reducing air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption; increasing efficiency and effectiveness in the movement of people and goods; and enhancing the attractiveness and quality of the urban environment. The results reveal that it is necessary for local decision makers to take further measures to increase the overall satisfaction of citizens with the aim of prosperity and happiness of citizens within their city, and the proposed model can support the decision-making process. Utilizing the developed system dynamics model, it is possible to make simulations with new data and at the same time to evaluate the change they bring to the individual sectors and to the overall satisfaction of the citizens.


A survey of the literature covering the collections of rice varieties in Peninsula Malaysia was made. The resources inherent in these varieties are discussed from the point of the factors stimulating their diversity. their diversity and classification and their utilization. The present collection of local varieties stands at 1,029 listed entries representing 365 distinct varieties and these are maintained at Bumbong Lima. The conclusion drawn from this survey is that the germplasm in Peninsula Malaysia is well conserved and that if genetic erosion had taken place, it must be at the level of decreasing the diversity within a variety rather than in number of varieties. It is suggested that inheritance studies should be initiated especially in the areas of pest and disease resistance and genotype-environment interaction and that the multiline approach should beInitiatedin future breeding efforts .


GFMIS was initiated by the Government of Jordan (GoJ) in 2010 to replace a 'closed' financial management system that was previously used by the government and its agencies. Despite its potentials to enhance the government's financial management efficiencies and effectiveness, GFMIS has encountered several user-related issues, in which if not addressed appropriately, will affect use behaviour, intention to use, continuous usage, the level of satisfaction of the system users, and ultimately the success of GFMIS. In addressing these issues, this paper proposes a framework to investigate factors influencing the successful implementation of GFMIS from the perspective of Jordanian public employees. The proposed framework adapts DeLone and McLean's information system (IS) success model; the most cited model to explain IS success, by linking use behaviour, user satisfaction, and net benefit. Via far-reaching literature survey, this paper presents an empirically-based conceptual discussion to address the identified GFMIS research problems. The proposed framework theorises that information quality, system quality, service quality, user resistance, training, and user involvement are the factors that potentially enhance the net benefit of GFMIS in Jordanian public sector, and consequently guarantee successful GFMIS implementation. This study extends the current body of knowledge in IS implementation by clarifying issues related to theoretical and practical aspects of GFMIS research. Also, the study assists stakeholders and policymakers of developing nations on ensuring successful GFMIS. To provide more meaningful insight, the proposed framework will be empirically solidified via collection and analysis of the relevant data. Volume: 4 Issues: 20 [June, 2019] pp. 32 44] International Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business (IJAFB) eISSN: 0128-1844 Journal website: www.ijafb.com


I. Introduction MANNED aerial vehicle (UAV) is an unpiloted aircraft that can be remotely controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic automation systems. UAVs are currently used in a number of military roles, including reconnaissance and attack. They are also used in a small but growing number of civil applications such as firefighting when a human observer would be at risk, police observation of civil disturbances and crime scenes, and reconnaissance support in natural disasters. In this study, the targeted problem is to understand the low-Reynolds number flow characteristics around small UAVs or Micro-Air Vehicles that mimic the flying motion of birds and insects. Low-Reynolds number flow over a moving and flapping foil is selected as a representation for the model problem. The difficulty in the traditional CFD simulation for this type of fluid-structure interaction problems is to incorporate the motions of the flapping foil. The advent of immersed-boundary (IB) methods enables the simulations of this type of fluid-structure interaction problems with reasonable accuracy and low computational costs. In previous studies using the IB methods, changes of surface force and flow characteristics due to the flapping motion have been investigated. Very low Reynolds number (in the 100s) simulations were often used as the representations for the practical situations with higher Reynolds number in the 1000s (Dong et al. 2006, Web et al., 2008). This was due to the limitation of the IB method used in these studies. With a recently developed IB method (Zhang and Zheng 2007), we are able to simulate flow over flapping foils with a wider range of Reynolds numbers to a few thousands. However, from our preliminary results, we found that Reynolds numbers did have effects on surface force and flow characteristics in some of the flapping wing cases even within the Reynolds number range of 100s-1000s, particularly for the cases of heaving and pitching motion. We therefore performed a detailed study for the effects of Reynolds numbers in simulating flapping wing motion within the low Reynolds regime, which is within the interested Reynolds number range of MAV. Reynolds number effects on heaving and pitching motions will be studied separately and then combined. In this Reynolds number range, transitions to turbulent flow can occur in certain regions; however, detailed flow physics related to turbulence effects are not the focus of the current study, which can be either directly simulated or modeled using LES, URANS, or other models. Rather, two-dimensional simulations using the IB method will be compared with available experimental data at different Reynolds numbers to study the merit of two-dimensional, low-Reynolds number simulation for flapping airfoils.


Introduction. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains the only curative therapy for patients with myelofibrosis, but is associated with relevant morbidity and mortality, possiby due to the specific nature of the disease. The outcome is significantly worse when alternative donor transplants are compared to matched siblings (MSD): in a recent cooperative study, TRM was 22% in MSD vs 59% in patients receiving unrelated donor grafts (UD) (Blood 2014 124:1183). Aim of the study. This is a retrospective analysis of 95 patients with myelofibrosis (MF) allografted in our Unit between 2001 and 2014. The aim of the study was to assess whether (a) the outcome of alternative donor grafts has improved with time and (b) how this compares with the outcome of identical sibling grafts. Patients were studied in two time intervals-2000-2010 (n=58) and 2011-2014 (n=37). The DIPSS score was comparable in the two time periods, but differences in the most recent group included older age (58 vs 53 years, p=0.004), more family haploidentical donors (54% vs 5%, p All patients received unmanipulated grafts (86% bone marrow). GvHD prophylaxis for sibling donor grafts was cyclosporin methotrexate (CsA+MTX), with the addition of ATG for unrelated transplants. Haploidentical grafts were performed with high dose cyclophosphamide post-transplant (PT-CY), CsA and mycophenolate. Results. Acute and chronic GvHD were comparable in the two time periods. Full donor chimerism was >90% in both periods in sibling transplants; on the other hand, in alternative donor transplants it improved from 69% to 95% in the most recent period (p=0.02). The 3 year transplant related mortality (TRM), in the 2011-2014 vs the 2000-2010 period, is 16% vs 38% (p=0.08), the relapse rate 19% vs 43% (p=0.01) and actuarial survival 70% vs 39% (p=0.08). Improved survival was most pronounced in alternative donor grafts (69% vs 21%, p=0.02), as compared to matched sibling grafts (72% vs 45%, p=0.4). The actuarial 3 year survival for high risk DIPSS was 8% in the 2000-2010 period, and it is currently 57% (p Conclusions. The outcome of allografts for myelofibrosis has improved in recent years, due to a reduction of both TRM and relapse, despite comparable DIPSS and older age in the more recent group of patients. Improved survival has been more pronounced for alternative donor transplants, such that 3 year survival is currently superimposable to sibling donor grafts. There have been significant changes in the transplant platform, including conditioning regimen, donor type and GvHD prophylaxis, mainly with the introduction of PT-CY. All of our MF patients now receive the thiotepa, busulfan fludarabin conditioning, and, for patients lacking a matched sibling, a family haploidentical donor seems to be an interesting alternative. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Last week, in an interview on ABC radio, I made a statement about the seal of confession and sexual abuse . I have been challenged on that statement, have thought further about it, and wish to make a new statement. The matter is closely allied to the question of the treatment centre run by the Church , and I'd like to start there.


were able to furnish a great quantity of fresh information about towns of which little more than the names had previously been known, the institutions, and general conditions of the region. Here too the motor-car has made its way, not yet to the entire supersession of the camel and the donkey, but greatly restricting their employment. Possibly the car will have to yield to the aeroplane, which (we are told) would be the surest expedient for surmounting the greatest obstacles to travel, the intertribal feuds and the long stretches of waterless desert. To these anti-European fanaticism must be added, which in some places is still rife. Finally, a compliment is due to Miss Barber, of The Hague, who translated the work from the original Dutch. Had not this fact been mentioned in the Preface, it would scarcely have occurred to the reader that the book is a translation.


Homosexuality is a controversial theme that is often adapted into fiction, so that, film industries publicate it as television serials. This research used a Japanese serial entitled 'Last Friends' as the main data. Last Friends tells us about a lesbian named Kishimoto Ruka who loves a straight girl. This research's result shows things that identificates Kishimoto Ruka as a butch lesbian. This research uses gender and sexual orientation theory. The butch dicothomy that is representated by Kishimoto Ruka was analysed based on Levitt and Hiestand's butch and femme sexuality development's table. Besides, mise en scene was also used to help explaining the story, strengthen the emotions of the serials. The result shows that there are lesbian identity and butch dicothomy in Kishimoto Ruka which is representated through her masculine performances and attitudes, the way she treated, protected and sacrificed her self for someone she really loved; Michiru. Kishimoto Ruka also rejects woman's gender roles and her dialog representates danseigo characteristic which is often used by male. Kishimoto Ruka's dialog implies that she isn't interested in man, but woman. Her love for Aida Michiru is showed through her sacrificing, jealousy, and physical contacts that indicates her erotic emotions towards Michiru. This Japanese serial can be inspected with different topics such as; Gender Identity Disorder (GID) girl's psychological condition that is reflected in Kishimoto Ruka, woman masculinity that is reflected in Kishimoto Ruka, domestic violence and Oikawa Sosuke's jealousy response, and psychological research towards Aida Michiru as a domestic violence's victim. Keywords: drama, lesbian, butch, woman, sexual orientation, gender.


We lay out a tractable model for the analysis of optimal monetary and fiscal policy in a currency union. The monetary authority sets a common interest rate for the union, whereas fiscal policy is implemented at the country level, through the choice of government spending. In the presence of country-specific shocks and nominal rigidities, the policy mix that is optimal from the viewpoint of the union as a whole requires that inflation be stabilized at the union level by the common central bank, whereas fiscal policy has a country-specific stabilization role, one beyond the efficient provision of public goods.


Active learning (AL) is a promising solution to hyperspectral image classification with very few initial labeled samples. Although previous AL heuristics have exhibited encouraging results, some challenges are still open. On the one hand, traditional AL heuristics measured uncertainty only in feature domain (i.e., spectral or spectral–spatial features) with a pixelwise manner, which ignores the spatial uncertainty. On the other hand, traditional batch-mode AL methods rarely considered spatial homogeneity, since they selected a batch of samples from the candidates, which will induce redundancy unavoidably. To overcome these issues, we first propose an enhanced uncertainty measure considering the neighborhood information. We then propose to use simple linear iterative clustering for generating superpixels, where the selected batch samples are constrained to be from different superpixels, which improves the diversity of the selected samples. The experimental results with two popular hyperspectral data sets indicate that the proposed methods can significantly improve the classification accuracy compared with the traditional methods.


According to the trait of Wellblock PI4 and below the oil layer,where burial depth is deep,and reservoir development is poor,and producing degree is low,partial pressure injection test is carried out in Wellblock PI4 and below reservoir:in the upper reservoir cyclic water flooding carried out,in the lower reservoir water injection pressure is improved to overcome the threshold pressure of the thin and poor reservoir.The test results show that the partial pressure injection can increase the absorbing capacity and improve the producing degree of the reservoir,it has a guiding role for the fine development and efficient injection at the later period of high water cut.


Lead-free(K0.5Na0.5)0.94-2xLi0.06SrxNb0.98Sb0.02O3(KNLSN-Srx;x=0-0.03) piezoelectric ceramics were pre-pared by conventional solid-state sintering process.The sintering characteristic,the microstructure,dielectric,piezo-electric and ferroelectric properties of KNLSN-Srx ceramics were investigated.XRD results show that all samples ex-hibite a pure perovskite phase with tetragonal symmetry,indicating that the Sr2+ has diffused into the KNLSN lattices to form a solid solution.The grain size of KNLSN-Srx ceramics was increased with the increasing of Sr-doping level.The proper sintering temperature of KNLSN-Srx ceramics shifted to higher temperature with increasing the content of Sb.Higher d33 and kp,lower tanδ and Qm were obtained as Li,Sr and Sb were added into KNN ceramics.The compre-hensive good properties of doped(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 ceramics were obtained when Sr content was 2mol%(d33=130pC/N,kp=34.5%,tanδ=4.2%).


Since the advent of reflexive ethnography and cultural politics in folklore studies, older romantic and positivist paradigms for the study of folk belief have been questioned and new theoretical perspectives have opened. This essay is a critique of the recent work of some leading folk belief scholars in the United States and England such as David Hufford, Elaine Lawless, Gillian Bennet, Bonnie O'Connor, and Leonard Primiano and such theories as «experience-centered», «reciprocal ethnography», and «vernacular religion». Although these approaches offer exciting possibilities for the future research, problems of cultural representation remain.


Female writers of the southern renaissance had to deal with a number of oppressive forces, encapsulated in the idea of "Sacred Womanhood." The way many of these women writers depicted this struggle parallels the struggle for authentic self-hood as proposed by existentialism, and by using the philosophy to inform the events of various novels from writers, such as Zora Neal Hurston, Carson McCullers, Kate Chopin, and Ellen Glasgow, the actions and words of the characters can be more fully understood.


Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is an increasing social problem worldwide, but it has been neglected despite its high relevance to women's health. In this study, we aim to assess the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impact on GBV incidence in Peruvian, determine the physical violence prevalence and its associated factors among GBV victims. Methods: We assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the GBV weekly incidence by fitting an autoregressive integrated moving average model. Additionally, we assessed the physical violence prevalence and its associated factors by fitting a multivariate Poisson regression model with a link log and robust variance. Results: We analyzed 588,587 cases of women victims of GBV and calculated an annual GBV incidence of 518, 714, 958, 596, and 846 cases per 100,000 women during the years 2017-2021, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the observed GBV weekly incidence went significantly below the forecasted GBV weekly incidence since 2021. Overall, most GBV cases were of middle to high-risk (76%), regular (75%), and verbal (82%) violence. Most victims were single (81%), rural (75%), Conclusions: GBV is endemic in Peru, but the COVID-19 pandemic reduced its burden significantly in 2020-2021. Several characteristics of the cases, victims, and aggressors have changed over time, offering new opportunities for implementing interventions to address this social problem.


It has been known for a long time that unstable waveguiding can occur in planar, gain guided stripe lasers. The possible existence of instabilities can be demonstrated by a very simple waveguide calculation. In this letter the demonstration of possible instabilities is extended to structures with cylindrical geometry. On the basis of these results it is concluded that unstable waveguiding may exist in cylindrical vertical cavity surface emitting lasers.<<ETX>>


Subglacial deformation structures of a complexly deformed glacigenic sequence at Killiney Bay, Ireland provide a window in the subglacial rheological dynamics of tills. Deformation geometries are dominated by pure shear, simple shear and compressional deformation styles with abundant evidence for glacitectonic induced fracturing and hydrofracturing. Glacigenic diamicton facies associations (FA's) are interpreted as glacitectonically stacked diachroneous units younging laterally away from palaeo-icemargins. Simultaneous deposition of proximal overconsolidated subglacial tills and distal low-viscosity flow tills occurred, with the latter being deformed during re-advances. Structural chronology of deformation styles demonstrates polygenesis of FA's: initially deposited as low viscosity flow tills with vertical deformation styles, glacial overriding resulted in overconsolidated and redeformed subglacial tills with pure and simple shear styles. Low viscosity, low density diamictons later subglacially deformed and dewatered to form overconsolidated tills. This is reflected in tills showing density driven deformation, which are overprinted by brittle deformation associated with shear. Such overprinting indicates a rise in viscosity and shear strength of the tills during deformation. Two types are recognised: one associated with deformed diapirs and another with fluid escape structures.


Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is a drug widely used for the treatment of hyperuricemia. Although fatal agranulocytosis has been reported, significant hematologic toxicity is uncommon and has been reported previously only in patients receiving other drugs with a known myelosuppressive potential [l-51. We have observed a patient with severe myelosuppression on two separate occasions following the administration of allopurinol who died with aplastic anemia. A 63-year-old white grocer was hospitalized for a grand ma1 seizure. His blood pressure was 230/120 mmHg. Laboratory studies revealed a serum creatinine of 4 mg/dl, blood urea nitrogen of 50 mg/dl, and uric acid of 10 mg/dl. A complete blood count was normal. Cranial computerized axial tomography showed changes compatible with intracerebral hemorrhage. His hypertension was initially controlled with sodium nitroprusside, and he subsequently was treated with dilantin, allopurinol, and methyldopa (illdomet@). In addition, he received brief courses of therapy with hydralazine (A presoline@) and propanolol (Inderal@). Two months later, he developed weakness and fatigue and was found to have a hematocrit of 17% with normocytic and normochromic red blood cells. The white blood count was 4,000 cells mm3 with 68% neutrophils, and the platelet count was 130,000 cells mm3. A bone marrow aspirate showed hypocellular spicules with a virtual absence of erythroid precursors. An acid hemolysis test and sucrose hemolysis test were negative. An antiglobulin test (direct) was weakly positive on admission but not thereafter. Medications were stopped, and he was treated with nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin), prednisone, and metolazone (Zaroxolyn). Steroid therapy was stopped after a 2-month trial, but the antihypertensive medication was continued. He required transfusion with three units of packed red blood cells monthly for 3 months. Then he developed reticulocytosis and his hematocrit rose from 23% to 36%. A bone marrow biopsy specimen was mildly hypocellular (25 % nucleated cells) with adequate numbers of erythroid precursors. Blood studies showed hematocrit 36%, white blood count 3,800 cells mm3 with 70% neutrophils, platelets 135,000 cells mm3, serum creatinine 3.8 mg/dl, and uric acid 13 mg/dl. The patient developed tender, swollen joints, and fluid aspirated from the knee contained uric acid crystals. Allopurinol therapy was reinstituted. Three weeks later, he became severely anemic and thrombocytopenic, and a bone marrow biopsy specimen showed aplasia (5 % nucleated cells). Marked granulocytopenia developed 10 days later. The antiglobulin test (direct) was again transiently positive. Recovery of the bone marrow did not occur despite cessation of therapy with allopurinol and treatment with oxymethalone and prednisone. Death occurred 1 month later from septicemia. The occurence of marked anemia and bone marrow hypoplasia on one occasion and severe pancytopenia and aplasia after a second exposure to allopurinol suggests that this drug is capable of producing aplastic anemia. This is the first description, to


Human papillomavirus is recognised as the main cause of cervical cancer. Vaccines to protect against specific HPV types have been developed and a national HPV vaccination programme is due to begin in the UK in September 2008. Girls aged 12 to 13 years of age will be offered one of the vaccines, Cervarix, and it is hoped that it will offer them protection against over 70% of cervical cancer.


The article analyzes typical mistakes made by the officers of operative submits of the Law enforcement departments when holding the operativesearch event «verification purchase» of drugs and psychotropic matters. The authors focus attention on some subtle aspects of conducting the verification purchase and propose ways of their solution.


The rapid industrialization has raise the demand for heavy metals, but the reserves of high-grade ores are diminishing. E-waste term refers to electrical and electronic products which has multiple components some are toxic and hazardous that can cause serious health and environmental issues if not handled properly. Multiple components such as discarded computers, televisions, VCRs, stereos, copiers, fax machines, electric lamps, cell phones, audio equipment and batteries if improperly disposed can leach lead and other substances into soil and groundwater. Many of these products can be reused, refurnished, or recycled. Ewaste contains precious materials such as gold, silver, copper, glass and plastics and also contains harmful materials like arsenic, mercury, cadmium and lead, which is affected to environment and human life. This review paper contain the e-waste challenging problems such as handling, transportation, recovery and some key factors which are responsible for E-waste in India, and methods for recovery of metals and other precious materials from E-waste.


This paper applies the concept of the output frequency response function (OFRF) derived recently by the authors to analyse the effects of the nonlinear damping characteristic parameters in a MR damper on the output frequency response of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) vibrating system, where the MR damper is directly used to dissipate the vibration energy. The results gained from this work are of significance for the analysis and design of MR damper based vibration isolation systems.


Background:DeficienciesofvitaminA,iron,andzincareprevalent in women and infants in developing countries. Supplementation during pregnancy can benefit mother and infant. Objective: We examined whether supplementation during pregnancy with iron and folic acid plus -carotene or zinc or both improves the micronutrient status of mothers and infants postpartum. Design: Pregnant women (n 170) were supplemented daily only duringpregnancywith-carotene(4.5mg),zinc(30mg),orbothor placebo plus iron (30 mg) and folic acid (0.4 mg) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Micronutrient status was assessed 1 and 6 mo postpartum. Results: Six months postpartum, plasma retinol concentrations were higher in the women who received zinc during pregnancy than in women who did not. Infants born to mothers supplemented with


To study the difference on the pharmacokinetic parameters of ferulic acid of normal and Qi deficiency and Blood Stasis rats.Qi deficiency and blood stasis rats were treated with exhaustive swimming exercise once a day for 28 days.After administration,the concentration of ferulic acid in plasma of normal and Stagnancy of Qi and Blood Stasis rats was determined at different sampling points by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of DAS 2.0.Compared with the normal SD rats group,AUC(0-∞) and C max increased,V/F and CL/F decreased in Stagnancy of Qi and Blood Stasis group.Compared to the Ferulic acid group,t1/2Ka,T max,t1/2αand V/F increased,and C max decreased significantly in Huoxue capsule normal SD rats and ferulic acid Stagnancy of Qi and Blood Stasis model group.The absorption of ferulic acid in Qi deficiency and Blood Stasis model is promoted.The bioavailability of FA increased.Other ingredients in the capsule probably slow the absorption and distribution of ferulic acid in Huoxue capsule.


Please cite this paper as: Crouch N, Michala L, Creighton S, Conway G. Androgen‐dependent measurements of female genitalia in women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. 2011;118:84–87.


The article examines the cultural and social specificity of Latvia's local brands and explores their national and ethnic traits. Reflecting on the historical and cultural contexts of the process of shaping brands as cultural and economic factors in the globalizing world, the author detects the presence of two opposing yet complementary trends in this process - namely, the unification and particularization trends. She proceeds to exploring the brands of contemporary Latvia by considering them within a wider framework of various present-day fashions, such as "healthy" or "green" ways of life, as well as of entertainment industries and discourses of cultural and ethnic heritage, which increasingly enter the globalizing market of nowadays.


Parents can help their children understand the difference between unsafe and unwanted touch says Maggie Dent, author and parenting expert.


In some modern industries, it has not been possible for employers to establish control over their employees in the manner of the automobile manufacturers. These industrialists pioneered the classic system of assembly line production, based on the detailed subdivision and specification of tasks, and a work pace easily regulated and manipulated by management. However, where labor process is organized around the gang (e.g. Hobsbawm, 1964; Thomas, 1980), it is far more difficult for an employer to establish control, since the gang is generally a self-contained productive unit with considerable scope for individual independence and variation. The strategies of control adopted by employers in the gang situation also vary markedly, although they have in common the use of factors external to the work process. For example, Thomas (1980) identifies citizenship as the key variable used by employers to maintain their control over lettuce


Geothermal resources (e.g. hot springs) are found with the help of field techniques, such as geological, geochemistry and geophysical. These techniques in some occasions are difficult to apply because of the limit access to the research area, rising operational costs and constrained spatially the exploration areas. The thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing is an important tool for the exploration of geothermal resources, due to the low cost and high efficiency in the study of large geographic areas. The aim of this study is to use thermal imagery of satellite remote sensing and combined with geological-geophysical data, for spatial determination of exploratory prospects of hot springs in the geothermal region of Paipa, Boyacá. The images used in this study are from satellites Landsat-7 ETM+, Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS, MODIS, ALOS-PALSAR and Pléiades. Also, field data is used, such as soil temperature, surface temperature, air temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and thermal imagery of surface geothermal manifestations. The Landsat thermal bands were radiometrically calibrated, then atmospherically and surface emissivity corrected, applying single channel and split window algorithms, for Landsat-7 ETM+ and Landsat-8 TIRS, respectively. The field data helped to correct the thermal bands. And the soil temperature data are used to create a subsurface temperature map at 1-meter depth. Once primary and secondary data is had, in a geographic information system (GIS) is implemented an unweighted spatial model, which use four input indicators (satellite temperature index, soil temperature index, structural lineaments index and iso-resistivity index) to determine the areas with higher probability to find geothermal fluids. Six prospects are highlighted for hydrothermal fluid extraction, in which two of them are already known. Results allow to concluded that thermal remote sensing are useful to map geothermal anomalies in the Paipa region, and by using these anomalies plus geological-geophysical information is possible to determine exact exploration areas.


The present invention describes compounds having a metal enzyme modulatory activity, diseases mediated by such metalloenzymes, disorder or treatment method of the symptom thereof. .BACKGROUND Figure


In order to study the characteristics of side pole impact and side deformable barrier impact test, a B-class car is selected to carry out the side pole impact test in Euro-NCAP and side deformable barrier (AE-MDB) test in C-NCAP. The characteristics of body acceleration and dummy injury are analyzed. The results show that compared with the deformable barrier collision, the side pole collision has a greater risk of injury to passengers for vehicle body acceleration, at the same time, the intrusion is greater and local deformation is more serious. In order to reduce the side impact damage, it is necessary to increase the local strength of the body at the side of collision to avoid small area overlapping rigid collision.


Research shows that immigration is often associated with less crime. Yet, what remains unclear is why this is the case. The primary explanation for why immigration reduces crime, according to scholars, is the immigration revitalization thesis. This perspective argues that immigration revitalizes communities by promoting local business growth, bolstering social ties, and enhancing conventional institutions (e.g., churches, voluntary organizations), which then reduce crime. These ideas, however, have never been tested. Using longitudinal data from 139 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) between 2000 and 2019, we examine whether the relationship between immigration and violent crime is mediated by changes in the percentage of households headed by married couples, number of ethnic businesses, and/or number of immigrant/ethnic-oriented organizations. The results from the generalized structural equation models (GSEM) and mediation tests offer some support for the immigration revitalization perspective.


The article contains an overview of Christian commentaries on the Gospel accounts about Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem, presenting a particularly noteworthy case of intersection of two principal exegetical traditions, namely the typological and the allegorical one. The story is cited in the Gospels as an incontestable proof of the literal fulfillment of the Old Testament messianic prophecy on the forthcoming King, sitting upon a donkey and its colt (Zech 9:9 according to Matth 21:1-11). Later exegetes come to search a figural meaning of this story by associating two mounts respectably with the Jewish people and the Christians (representing the new God's chosen people). Such an interpretation was obviously inspired by the solid tradition typological exegesis, where the topic of two rival peoples, represented by the pairs of the biblical patriarchs' rival sons, have being treated constantly. But the formal transferring of the standard typological meaning to the Gospel story on the Lord's entry into Jerusalem attested a lacking comprehension of the practical value of the typological method, which was primary aimed to reveal the hidden prophetic and not simply symbolic sense of the Sacred history. The only attempt to connect these interpretations with a typological norm was made by John Chrysostom, who admitted the possibility of discovering a particular kind of prophecies, announced through deeds, not only in the Old, but also in the New Testament. However, even he does not take in account another essential feature of typological interpretations, which not only expanded the range of the so called Tesimonia, proving the validity of Christian belief in the actual coming of the Messiah, but also aimed to provide a justification of Christian claims to the role of the new God-chosen people for the Jewish opponents, for whom the reference to the allegorical meaning of the events of the New Testament history could not have served as a convincing argument.


Sulgidduk samples made with additions of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder, and a control were examined for quality characteristics such as moisture content, water activity, color, gelatinization properties, textural characteristics, and sensory qualities in order to determine the optimal ratio of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder in the formulation. The moisture contents among the samples ranged from 41.98% to 44.97%, and increased as the content of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder increased. The water activities of the samples were not significantly different. As the Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder content increased, the redness and yellowness of the samples also increased, but lightness decreased. For the gelatinization properties, the additions of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder caused decreases in peak viscosity (P) and holding strength viscosity (H). Furthermore, final viscosity (F), setback, and time to peak viscosity decreased with increasing Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder content; however, breakdown and temperature to peak viscosity were not significantly different among the samples. Hardness and gumminess decreased with increasing Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder content, and adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience also tended to decrease; however, springiness was not significantly different among the samples. In the consumer acceptance test, as the content of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder increased, the scores of all evaluated characteristics decreased; while the characteristic intensity ratings showed the reverse effect, and the 2 and 4% Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder samples obtained fairly good scores. In conclusion, the results indicate that adding Houttuynia cordata Thunb. powder to Sulgidduk is optimal, providing good physiological properties and reasonably high overall consumer acceptability.


Task switching involves processing target stimuli in accordance with a frequently changing series of tasks. An outstanding issue is whether this processing is tailored to the perceptual or categorical representation of targets. To address this issue, the authors compared switch costs in responding to targets that were perceptually distinct (words and images) but associated with the same categories (colors and shapes). In four experiments that varied the degree to which words and images were mixed together, no differences in switch costs were observed. These results support the idea that categorical target representations are central to task switching. Task switching involves processing target stimuli in accordance with a frequently changing series of tasks. How this feat is accomplished is a matter of debate, but there are models of task switching that specify not only how task switching occurs, but also how tasks are performed (i.e., how targets are processed to generate responses). An important issue concerns the level at which targets should be represented in a model. In this article we distinguish between two levels of representation: perceptual and categorical. A perceptual representation is one in which the model codes for the perceptual attributes of the target. For example, the perceptual representation of a colored shape target would be coded in terms of chromatic and geometric properties. A categorical representation is one in which the model codes for the task categories associated with the target. For example, the categorical representation of a colored shape target would be coded in terms of color and shape categories (e.g., blue and circle). Existing models of task switching assume that targets are represented categorically (e. This assumption is a virtue in that it allows these models to be applied to different target types. However, this virtue may be a vice if task switching is actually tailored to the perceptual representation of targets. In this case, models would lose considerable generality because they would have to be specialized for different target types. Thus, determining the nature of the target representation involved in task switching is important for assessing the generality of models. How can one distinguish between perceptual and categorical target representations? One way is to compare task-switching performance for target types that are perceptually distinct but associated with the same categories. The performance measure used in the present study was switch cost—slower performance for task switches than for task repetitions. We compared switch costs when …


Coronary arterial fistula is a scarce malformation of coronary artery.Most coronary arterial fistulae belong to congenital malformation,few can be caused by acquired predisposition.In this disease,blood flow shunts abnormally from coronary artery to chambers heart and other blood vessels which aggravate the burden of corresponding chambers heart and myocardial ischemia,then the corresponding clinical symptom occurs.At present,most coronary arterial fistulae can be clearly diagnosed by echocardiogram and cured through intervention therapy or surgery.


As primary gateways for overseas trade, U.S. seaports enable international competition for America's exports and are critical links for access to the global marketplace. They help build and grow international trade, which in turn will strengthen the national economy. Success of the nation's seaports depends on partnerships with the federal government in order to maintain healthy waterways and to ensure that highways, bridges, and railroads around the seaports operate efficiently. State and local support is also needed to maintain freight-handling systems in the area. Policies and programs need to be developed and implemented in order for America to achieve safe, sustainable, and navigable seaports that can adapt to meet ever-changing global trade demands.


Obesity is associated with suppressed growth hormone (GH) concentrations but relatively little is known about insulin-like growth factors(IGFs) and binding proteins for GH and IGFs (GHBP and IGFBPs) and the modulatory effect of GH administration. In a double-blind, crossover design we studied the impact of 5 weeks of placebo or GH administration (0.03 mg.kg-1 body wt.day-1) in nine obese women (mean +/- SEM: age 30.4 +/- 2.4 years; body mass index 37.0 +/- 2.8 kg/m2) on IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1 and -3 and GHBP. Serum IGF-I (microgram/l) levels were subnormal and increased significantly following GH (117 +/- 16 (placebo) vs 434 +/- 33 (GH) vs 198 +/- 15 (control (p < 0.01)). By contrast, serum IGF-II (microgram/l) levels were in the normal range and remained unchanged (608 +/- 20 (placebo) vs 647 +/- 40 (GH) (NS)). Serum IGFBP-3 was in the normal range and increased significantly during GH treatment, although relatively less than IGF-I, such that the molar ratio between IGF-I and IGFBP-3 increased with GH treatment, whereas the ratio between IGF-I + IGF-II and IGFBP-3 remained unchanged. Serum IGFBP-1 was low in the placebo situation but became further and almost completely suppressed during GH treatment. During a 2-h hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic glucose clamp, IGFBP-1 decreased in the placebo study and remained suppressed during GH. Serum GHBP (nmol/l) levels were elevated substantially compared to non-obese controls (p < 0.001) and did not change during GH treatment (2.37 +/- 0.36 (placebo) vs 2.21 +/- 0.25 (GH) vs 0.80 +/- 0.19 (control)).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


The drag reduction potential of a vortex flap concept, utilizing the thrust contribution of separation vortices maintained over leading edge flap surfaces, was explored in subsonic wind tunnel tests on a highly swept arrow wing configuration. Several flap geometries were tested in comparison with a previous study on the same model with leading edges drooped for attached flow. The most promising vortex flap arrangements produced drag reductions comparable with leading edge droop over a range of lift coefficients from 0.3 to 0.6 (untrimmed), and also indicated beneficial effects in the longitudinal and lateral static stability characteristics.


The micro-structural changes and mechanical properties were investigated in an Al reinforced with SiC particles which synthesized using powder technology technique. Al/SiC composites containing four different weight percentages (40 wt.%, 50 wt.%, 60 wt.% and 70 wt.% of SiC) have been prepared. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to characterize and identify the phases formed at sintering process with different temperatures (800 °C, 1100 °C). The grain sizes of the SiC/Al are observed to increase with the increasing of the sintering temperature of samples. Hardness tests were conducted in the suitable Hardness Testing Apparatus choosing appropriate scales of loading and measurement. The test revealed a marked increase in the Vickers hardness with respect to the increasing of silicon carbide content and sintering temperature in the base composites. The best results have been obtained at 70 wt% of SiC particles at 1100 °C. The aim of this investigation is to obtain the fundamental understanding of the micro structural changes and mechanical properties of Al matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles.


Microencapsulation technology has wide application in many fields such as medicine, food and materials science etc. due to its unique advantages. In this paper, the effect and significance of microencapsulation was introduced, the research progress on performance of microcapsules and evaluation methods for them were discussed.


Performance of chicken with different concentrations of CO 2 in the henhouse was studied on three hundred and twenty 21-day-old Ai Weiyin broiler chickens, randomly divided into 5 groups with different CO 2 concentration (3,000 ppm, 5,000 ppm, 8,000 ppm, 12,000 ppm and 15,000 ppm). Production performance was detected. There was no significant difference on performance below 12,000 ppm groups of CO 2 concentrations, but the chicken daily weight gain was significantly lower and the feed gain ratio significantly higher in more than 12,000 ppm of CO 2 group. It significantly affected the performance of chicken when the concentrations of CO 2 were above 12,000 ppm. The concentration of CO 2 in the henhouse should be less than 12,000 ppm for good performance.


The angular correlation of the ({pi}{sup +},{ital pp}) and ({pi}{sup {minus}},{ital pp}) cross sections for {sup 6}Li, {sup 7}Li, and C was measured in a wide angular range. We analyzed the structure of the ({pi}{sup +},{ital pp}) angular correlation comparing cross sections between the two reactions. It was found that the broad component of the ({pi}{sup +},{ital pp}) angular correlation is mainly due to the two-step processes associated with the two-nucleon absorption.


The Psychological General Well-being schedule by Deputy, "as used to study the well being of students. Medical education can be very stressful, particularly the first year. The medical council of India in the year 1997 has further made medical'education stressful by reducing the duration of first year from 18 months to 12 months in the frrst year curriculum. Most students who opt for medical degree are ambitious, competitive and have tremendous pressure to perform well. This could be another reason why medical education is stressful to the first years


This paper deals with a study undertaken at Parana Newborn Screening Reference Service (Fepe). Its aim was to identify the level of inadequate blood samples received by Fepe laboratory for testing from January to December 2002. A study was made from Fepe Laboratory internal medical records and 222,366 tests were examined, in which we identified 2,787 as needing to be repeated due to mistakes made during sample collection. The criteria used for classification were as follows: blood transfusion, insufficient, haemolysed, old, excess, contaminated and dried blood. Based on obtained and analysed data, we were able to determine that the greatest amount of errors relates to insufficient and old blood, indicating difficulties in carrying out the collection technique, which may be concerned to: lack of technical and scientific knowledge and undervaluing of the test importance, replacement of trained staff by untrained staff and the significant delay in sending blood samples to the laboratory, emphasising a lack of awareness as to the tests relevance.


Dynamic stall modeling remains one of the most difficult topic in wind turbine aerodynamics despite its long research effort in the past. In the present studies, comprehensive investigations involving CFD, engineering models and experimental data were performed within the joint collaborative work DSWind. Both static and dynamic characteristics of a pitching wind turbine airfoil under a turbulent boundary layer flow were considered. The results indicate that optimized time-accurate CFD calculations can serve as reference data for verifying the engineering models, which can be potentially used for tuning the models under different air flow conditions.


The psychoanalytic subject between the contingent and the necessary. This paper examines Milner's hypothesis in which the subject of the psychoanalytic experience, as a correlate of modern science, is a correlate of the contingency. We have investigated if this hypothesis is sustainable and if it is well founded on the Lacanian thinking. We have discussed the categories of the contingent and the necessary, relating them to the unconscious, concluding that a psychoanalysis of the contingent is not viable, because this dimension must be considered with reference to the necessary.


In the ' 'Proceedings of the International Congress of Celtic Studies" 1963 (University of Wales Press, Cardiff 1966) there has appeared (p. 101-120) as one of the plenary session lectures a contribution on "Continental Celtic" by the late Joshua Whatmough. This lecture includes material and results deriving from the long work of the author during the final three decades of his life on this phase of Celtic studies. Because of the accessibility and general nature of the volume, because of the compact summary character of Whatmough's lecture, and because the more detailed results of Gaulish studies are still scattered and difficult for non-specialists to find and use, Indo-Europeanists may be led to lean heavily on this paper, filled as it is with a rich concentration of facts. It is for this reason that the following brief comments are offered, so that the available material may hopefully be maximally useful.


Abstract This article considers an aspect of the relationship between the British government and English (public sector) housing organisations. It argues that government policy makers and local housing authorities are using performative language to refine new policy ideas, even as they are being implemented. The article draws on a study of Housing Investment Programme submissions, and concludes that whilst there is little to distinguish those authorities receiving high and low levels of funding in terms of their reported performance indicators, there are considerable differences in their uses of language.


A method for voltage balancing capacitor selection of high voltage silicon carbide (SiC) Junction Gate Field Effect Transistor (JEFTs) based super-cascode power switch (SCPS) is presented in this paper. The proposed method can effectively reduce the device switching loss as well as thermal stress on critical components caused by repetitive avalanche. The basic operation principle of SCPS is shown at the beginning of the paper with critical modes. Then, equations to describe the voltage distribution among all the SiC JEFTs have been derived. Based on the derived equations, a sizing method of the SCPS voltage balancing capacitors is proposed to accelerate the device switching speed and minimize the avalanche time of its internal diodes. Compared with no voltage balancing capacitor case, the turn-on loss of the SCPS with sized capacitors has been reduced to 9.7%. The turn-off loss has been reduced to 48.4%.


In addition the death must also be one where: the death was unexpected; • the death was violent or unnatural; • For example, homicide; suicide; o drug, alcohol and poison related deaths; the death resulted, directly or indirectly, from an • accident or injury (even if there is a prolonged interval between the incident and death); For example, drownings; deaths caused by a o traumatic event such as a motor vehicle accident or a fall resulting in complications such as a fractured neck of femur or subdural haemorrhage the death occurs during a medical procedure or • following a medical procedure where the death is or may be causally related to the medical procedure and a registered medical practitioner would not, immediately before the procedure was undertaken, have reasonably expected the death (Please refer to Question 3 below). a Medical Certificate of Cause of Death has not been • signed and is not likely to be signed; For example, where an opinion about the o probable cause of death cannot be formed the identity of the person is unknown; • the death occurred in custody or care (as defined in • the Coroners Act 2008); the person was a patient within the meaning of the • Mental Health Act 1986; or the death is otherwise specified in section 4 of the • Coroners Act 2008.


We review the most relevant LHC searches at s √ = 8 TeV looking for low mass bosons arising from exotic decay of the Standard Model Higgs and highlighting their impact on both supersymmetric and not supersymmetric Beyond the Standard Model scenarios.


Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a non-pharmacological intervention addressed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and non-COPD chronic respiratory patients, a key management strategy scientifically demonstrated to improve exercise capacity, dyspnoea, health status and psychological wellbeing. The main body of literature comes from COPD patients, as they provide the core evidence for PR programmes. PR is recommended even to severe patients having chronic respiratory failure; their significant psychological impairment and potential for greater instability during the PR programme will be carefully considered by the multidisciplinary team. Optimizing medical management (e g, inhaled bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, non- invasive ventilation) may enhance the results of exercise training. Patients who already receive long-term domiciliary non- invasive ventilation (NIV) for chronic respiratory failure might exercise with NIV during exercise training if acceptable and tolerable to the patient. It is not advisable to offer long-term domiciliary NIV with the only aim to improve outcomes during PR course. There are different attempts to use both negative and positive NIV in limited clinical studies. Long-term adherence to exercise is an important goal of PR programmes and teams, targeting to translate all-domain gains of PR into increased physical activity and participation to real life. Being a reliable alternative for the future, studies should focus on pressure regimens, type of devices, acceptability and portability for everyday activities.


: The purposes of this research were to study in three areas: (1) to study political understanding and participating of the constitutional monarchy, (2) to study the level of participation. This paper drew upon data collected from 395 Dusit residents by using questionnaire. In addition, a simple random sampling was utilized to collect data. The findings revealed that 94 percent of respondents had a very good understanding of constitution monarchy with a mean of 4.8. However, the respondents overall had a very low level of participation with the mean score of 1.69 and standard deviation of .719.


Image segmentation is widely used in image analysis, object detection, medical image processing, face recognition. In our project, we have studied thresholding technique of image segmentation and implemented in R studio. A color image is taken and then converted into gray scale image. Next, a fixed threshold value is taken and compared with the original image to find the segmented image.


The content of insoluble bound phenolic acids in pearled barley was determined by an analytical system consisting of alkaline hydrolysis extraction, high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and electrochemical detection. Insoluble bound phenolic acids in five pearled cultivars and fifteen breeding lines of barley comprised ferulic acid (4.3-34.2mg/100 g dry matter), sinapic acid (0.025-0.445 mg/100 g), caffeic acid(0.002-0.016 mg/100 g). Soluble free polyphenols comprised procyanidins(12.2-80.3 mg/100 g), catechin (0.1-28.2 mg/100 g), and total pholyphenolcomprised 152.4-324.0 mg-gallic acid equivalents/100 g. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity for the barley samples ranged from 403 to 1501 μmol-Trolox equivalents/100 g whereas those of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) ranged from 1050 to 3816 μmol-Trolox equivalents/100 g. High correlation (0.980, p<0.01) was found between the DPPH and ORAC assays. Total polyphenol contents positively correlated with the DPPH (0.875, p<0.01)and ORAC (0.881, p<0.01)assays. The correlation coefficient between insoluble bound phenolic acids and total polyphenol contents was higher than that between soluble free polyphenols and total poly-phenol contents. Taken together, the insoluble bound phenolic acids appear to greately contributed to the antioxidant activity in pearled barley.


The Final Conference of the COST Action FP1207 "Orchestrating forest-related policy analysis in Europe" (ORCHESTRA) was held in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium on September 5-6, 2016


Abstract : Among the unusual features of the State of Israel is the development of the Israel Defence Forces. The organization and policies of the Israel Defence Forces are products of the interrelations of history, politics, geography and demographic factors. The strengths of the Israel Defence Forces are primarily in those aspects that make them unique among the armed forces of newly-emerged nations. The Israel Defence Forces is intimately involved in many aspects of nation-building but are completely apolitical and subordinate to the civil authority. This freedom from involvement in the internal politics of the nation permits concentration on carrying out its tasks. The citizen-militia concept that underlies the Israel Defence organization is based on ancient and recent history and extends the Zionist principle of 'auto-emancipation' to self-reliance for defense of the nation. (Author)


Gallic acid,(+)catechin,(-)epicatechin,(-)gallocatechin,(-)epigallocatechin,(-)epicatechin 3-O-gallate,(-)epigallocatechin3-O-gallate, theogallin,1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β- D-glucose,I-O-galloyl-4,6-(-)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-D-glucose and caffine together a mixture crystal of rutin and kaempferol-3-rutinoside were isolated from"ecological tea". This is first detailed chemical report for a kind of green tea prepared by the leaves of Camellia sinensis var. assamica cultivated in the south of Yunnan, China.


Researchers in Lebanon and the US have modelled the interactions between spider silk threads and the atmosphere to explain how spiders can exploit the positive electric potential of Earth's atmosphere to fly and disperse.


Structural modifications of the purine bases, nucleosides, and nucleotides have resulted in the discovery of thousands of biologically active compounds, including many clinically used drugs. The proper characterization of the electron density distribution in the variously substituted purine derivatives is of great importance and significance due to the governing effect of electron distribution on the intermolecular interactions. Chemical shift tensor (CST) represents very sensitive probe for studying the electron distribution in these heterocycles [1]. The variously substituted purine derivatives were investigated experimentally by CP/MAS and theoretically by DFT. Structural effects on the CST will be discussed.


The nonlinear problem to be solved within an implicit time-marching method has several differences from a typical steady-state problem. The initial guess is usually quite good, and the degree of convergence required is quite small, perhaps a few orders of magnitude reduction in residual. Therefore, algorithms developed for steady problems may not be optimal for use in a dual-time context. We present some modifications to the diagonal approximately factored algorithm that lead to savings in a dual-time-stepping context.


Coordinating Council for Youth in science and education under the Russian President'sCouncil for Science and Education began its work in 2007. In 2011, the leadership of the country was given the task of creating youth innovation center (YIC) for large companies, which would attract young scientists from universities and research institutes and created them certain conditions for the implementation of their ideas and developments in practice. Company, which responded to the offer of the President of Russia was "IDGC Holding» (http://www.holding-mrsk.ru/) JSC IDGC Holding. As a result, half past year a number of youth innovation centers were created. Such cooperation with the Coordination Council was born and practically embodied the very constructive idea of the first National Youth Competition intensive innovative ideas and projects titled "Future Energetics". This competition was attended by over 180 participants from more than 81 regions of Russia.Now our task to invite all the leaders of the Russian economy. There already exist a preliminary agreement to hold similar competitions industrial grants to other major Russian companies. In the future, we want these competitions, but rather a system of working with young scientists, not only with universities and institutions, but also with some promising innovators and their teams have been stated in the program of innovation development of any company, not necessarily belong entirely to the state. And it's not so distant future, it may seem, but rather an imperative.


This paper presents an advanced coordination of integrated control system which consist of three different controllers namely Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Active Front Steering (AFS), and Active Suspension (AS) using Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) in order to improve vehicle handling, cornering stability, and rollover prevention with anti-lock braking system (ABS) to avoid wheel locking during generating differential braking by ESC control. Based on a well-developed and validated fourteen degrees of freedom full vehicle model with non-linear tire characteristics, a reference yaw-roll plane vehicle model is introduced to compare and therefore control the yaw rate, side slip angle, and roll angle of the vehicle body. For rollover prevention indices, the dynamic load transfer ratio is defined to check the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The Coordination chassis control is based on the lateral acceleration value as input to FLC, and the outputs are the increment factors to the three controllers varying from zero to one. Three membership functions are chosen to represent the lateral acceleration as input to the supervisor controller, to define the control authority for each actuator. The universe of discourse for each membership function is selected according to the study of the effect of each controller stand alone in vehicle performance. The numerical modelling is carried out through the MATLAB / Simulink environment which suits the control and optimization process. Different standard test maneuvers namely J-turn, fishhook, and double lane change have been carried out by considering standard test maneuvers with different driving speeds. The simulation results are compared during three cases namely, the uncontrolled system, the combined controller, and the proposed coordinated controller. The results show a substantial improvement of the vehicle stability in terms of vehicle lateral acceleration, side slip angle, yaw rate, roll angle, and the for the developed coordinated controller compared to combined controller or the conventional system without control.


An approximate analysis of the acoustic behavior of perforated facings for absorptive materials is outlined and is reduced to a design chart. Only the mass reactances of the holes and of the facing material are included in the analysis. This simplified picture is adequate for many practical problems, but breaks down for certain conditions which are discussed. If the acoustic impedance of the unfaced material is known, absorption coefficients for the material with perforated facing can be read directly from the chart.


The phase formation process in the zone of laser irradiation of Al2O3-TiO2 compacts with different contents of components has been investigated with XRD, electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy methods. The distinctive feature of laser synthesis is the simultaneous formation of a-and b-Al2TiO5, which is caused by the non-uniform heating of the material in the irradiation zone. The motion of the eutectic melt under the action of hydrodynamic forces is the motive force for texturing of precipitating crystalline phases during fast cooling. The degree of texturing of Al2O3 and Al2TiO5 crystallites depends on the amount of the formed eutectic melt.


It is vitally important for HCAs and APs to be knowledgeable about skin cancer and its prevention, as it is the most common cancer in the UK at present. This article describes the 3 main types of skin cancer and their prevalence, and explores who is at risk of developing skin cancer. The importance of skin and sun awareness is examined, along with the warning signs of skin cancer. The HCA/AP role in prevention is explored; this includes: skin assessment, encouraging skin awareness in others and giving appropriate advice to 'at-risk' individuals or groups. Current sun health promotion messages and useful sources of web-based information for both healthcare professionals and the public are also provided.


Photoelectron spectra due to autoionization for two series of high Rydberg states have been observed for diazabicyclooctane (DABCO) in a supersonic jet. The selection rule of the autoionization has been found to be ..delta..v = -1 for each vibrational mode involved in the Rydberg states, consistent with Berry's theory available for the vibrational autoionization of a polyatomic molecule. The relative autoionization efficiencies Phi/sub a/ for the high Rydberg series have also been determined from two-color MPI and fluorescence dip spectra. The irregular variation of Phi/sub a/ with the principal quantum number n has been found for the two Rydberg series, suggesting the irregular variation in their nonradiative rates


The histology of the gonadal development of namucuo naked carp, Gymnocypris namensis which is endemic to the Namucuo Lake, Northern Tibet, was studied. The volume of the ovary increased markedly in August and attained at maximum in December, egg-laying was from April to August. At the end of the spawing, a larger number of oocytes which remained in ovary became astrophied and were re absorbed subsequently. The oogenesis is composed of six phase. In the phase 2 of the development of the oocytes, the yolk nucleus, which was possibly related to the formation of yolk, broke up and formed a ring in the outer cortex. From the later phase 2 to the middle phase 3, the nucleoli of the oocytes contained substance, which was probably related to the formation of protean yolk granules, and entered into cytopalsm by the part rupture of the nuclear membrane. In the phase 4, vitelline membrane was composed of 2 layers: zona radiata or the primary membrane which is mostly formed by oocyte and the second membrane which is possibly formed by granulosa. The micropyle canal was blocked by more than 10 micropylar cells whichs formed a vesicle. In a reproductive season, the ovary of namucuo naked carp matured only once in a year and the mature fish could spawn surely more than one time.


Surface glycoproteins act as markers in cell-cell communication events that determine microbial virulence,1 inflammation2 and host immune responses.3 In addition, the correct glycosylation of proteins is critical to their expression and folding4 and increases their thermal and proteolytic stability.5 Glycoproteins occur naturally in a number of forms (glycoforms)6 that possess the same peptide backbone but differ in both the nature and site of glycosylation. The differences exhibited6,7 by each component within these microheterogeneous mixtures present regulatory difficulties8 and problems in determining exact function. To explore these key properties, there is a pressing need for methods that will not only allow the preparation of pure glycosylated proteins but will also allow the preparation of nonnatural variants for the determination of structure-activity relationships (SARs). The few studies that have compared single glycoforms successfully have required abundant sources and extensive chromatographic separation.9 Neoglycoproteins,10 formed via unnatural linkages between sugars and proteins, provide an invaluable alternative source of carbohydrateprotein conjugates.11 In particular, chemical glycosylation allows control of the glycan structure and the nature of the sugar-protein bond. However, despite these advantages, existing methods for their preparation11a typically generate mixtures. Advances in the site-specific glycosylation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been made.12 However, these methods rely upon modification of an existing cysteine in BSA and, as such, allow no flexibility in the choice of glycosylation site. We therefore set ourselves the goal of developing a versatile route to neoglycoproteins without these limitations. Site-directed mutagenesis combined with chemical modification has permitted us to realize this goal and, for the first time,13 provides a general method that allows both regioand glycan-specific glycosylation of proteins. This method is rapid, utilizes reagents that may be prepared in a facile manner and, in principle, is unconstrained in the scope of sites and glycans that may be conjugated. The strategy involves the introduction of cysteine at preselected positions and then reaction of its thiol residue with glycomethanethiosulfonate reagents (Scheme 1). Methanethiosulfonate (MTS) reagents react specifically and quantitatively with thiols14 and allow the controlled formation of neutral disulfide linkages. Recently, we have successfully used the representative serine protease subtilisin Bacillus lentus (SBL) as our vehicle and continue to do so here.15 SBL is an ideal model protein for evaluating the validity of this strategy as it does not contain a natural cysteine and is not naturally glycosylated. Four SBL sites at different locations and of different characteristics were selected for mutation to cysteine in order to provide a broad test of the glycosylation methodology. S156 of the S1-pocket is a surface-exposed residue that permits the introduction of externally disposed glycans mirroring those found naturally in glycoproteins.16 In contrast, N62 in the S2 pocket, S166 in the S1 pocket, and L217 in the S1′ pocket have side chains that are internally oriented and test the applicability of the method for introducing sugars at hindered locations. Broad applicability with respect to the sugar moiety was evaluated by using the representative series of protected and deprotected monoand disaccharide methanethiosulfonates 1a-k. These were prepared from their parent carbohydrates in good to excellent yields (Schemes 2 and 3). Two types of glycosylating reagents, the anomeric methanethiosulfonate 1a and the ethyltethered methanethiosulfonates 1b,c,g,h, were prepared from D-glucose (2a, Scheme 2). The preparation of these reagents in fully protected 1a,g,h and deprotected 1b,c forms allowed the effects of increased steric bulk and hydrophobicity to be assessed. Parallel routes allowed similarly efficient access to the R-D-manno-MTS reagents 1d and 1i, which are epimeric at C-2 relative to 1b and 1g, respectively, and the â-D-galacto-MTS reagents 1e and 1j, epimeric at C-4 relative to 1c and 1h, respectively (Scheme 3). The glyco-MTS reagents 1a-k were then reacted with SBL-N62C, -S156C, -S166C, and -L217C in aqueous buffer.15 These reactions were rapid and quantitative, as judged by monitoring changes in specific activity and by titration of residual free thiols with Ellman's reagent.17 The glycosylated chemically modified mutants (CMMs) were purified by sizeexclusion chromatography and dialysis, and their structures were confirmed by rigorous ES-MS analysis. The CMMs each appeared as a single band on nondenaturing gradient PAGE, thereby establishing their high purities. In all cases, modification with the fully deprotected reagents 1b-f led to site-specific glycosylations and the formation of single glycoforms. These are the first examples of homogeneous neoglycoproteins in which both the site of glycosylation and the strucure of the glycan introduced have been predeter(1) Sharon, N.; Lis, H. Essays Biochem. 1995, 30, 59-75. (2) (a) Lasky, L. A. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1995, 64, 113-139. (b) Weis, W. I.; Drickamer, K. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1996, 65, 441-473. (3) (a) Varki, A. Glycobiology 1993, 3, 97-130. (b) Dwek, R. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 683-720. (4) Helenius, A. Mol. Biol. Cell 1994, 5, 253-265. (5) Opdenakker, G.; Rudd, P. M.; Ponting, C. P.; Dwek, R. A. FASEB J. 1993, 7, 1330-1337. (6) Rademacher, T. W.; Parekh, R. B.; Dwek, R. A. Glycobiology 1988, 57, 785-838. (7) (a) Parekh, R. B.; Tiemeier, D. C. Biochemistry 1989, 28, 7670-7679. (b) Knight, P. Biotechnology 1989, 7, 35-40. (8) (a) Liu, D. T. Y. Trends Biotechnol. 1992, 10, 114-120. (b) Bill, R. M.; Flitsch, S. F. Chem. Biol. 1996, 3, 145-149. (9) Rudd, P. M.; Dwek, R. A. Biochemistry 1994, 33, 17-22. (10) Krantz, M. J.; Holtzmann, N. A.; Stowell, C. P.; Lee, Y. C. Biochemistry 1976, 15, 3963-3968. (11) For reviews, see: (a) Stowell, C. P.; Lee, Y. C. Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. 1980, 37, 225-281. (b) Neoglycoconjugates: Preparation and Applications; Lee, Y. C., Lee, R. T., Eds.; Academic: London, 1994. (c) Abelson, J. N., Simon., M. I., Eds. Methods Enzymol. 1994, 242. (d) Lee, Y. C.; Lee, R. T., Eds. Ibid. 1994, 247. (12) (a) Davis, N. J.; Flitsch, S. L. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991, 32, 67936796. (b) Wong, S. Y. C.; Guile, G. R.; Dwek, R. A.; Arsequell, G. Biochem. J. 1994, 300, 843-850. (c) Macindoe, W. M.; van Oijen, A. H.; Boons, G.-J. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1998, 847-848. (13) During the course of this work, Boons announced his intention to use a similar method for the regioselective glycosylation of IgG (ref 12c) but has published no details. (14) For reviews see (a) Kenyon, G. L.; Bruice, T. W. Methods Enzymol. 1977, 47, 407-430. (b) Wynn, R.; Richards, F. M. Methods Enzymol. 1995, 251, 351-356. (15) (a) Stabile, M. R.; Lai, W. G.; DeSantis, G.; Gold, M.; Jones, J. B.; Mitchinson, C.; Bott, R. R.; Graycar, T. P.; Liu, C.-C. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1996, 6, 2501-2512. (b) Berglund, P.; DeSantis, G.; Stabile, M. R.; Shang, X.; Gold, M.; Bott, R. R.; Graycar, T. P.; Lau, T. H.; Mitchinson, C.; Jones, J. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 5265-5266. (16) Molecular Glycobiology; Fukuda, M., Hindsgaul, O., Eds.; Oxford University: Oxford, 1994. (17) Ellman, G. L.; Courtney, K. D.; Andres, V.; Featherstone, R. M. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1961, 7, 88-95. 9614 J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 9614-9615


At the annual meeting of the Network for Advancement of Transfusion Alternatives (NATA) in Berlin in April 2001, a project was presented that is of concern to European anaesthesiology departments employing autologous blood predeposits. It is a call to participate in a controlled double-blind randomized multicentre trial addressing the question of how to store autologous blood. Among blood conservation strategies, predonation of autologous blood is probably the most effective. However, it is expensive, requires time and organization, such as scheduling and interdepartmental co-operation. Although the controversy about the cost effectiveness of autologous blood transfusion is not de®nitely settled [1], the bene®t of autologous transfusion, i.e. no transfusion transmitted diseases [2], a decreased cancer recurrence rate [3], and a decreased rate of postoperative infections [4] probably outweighs its cost in most settings. Low production cost, however, is essential for cost effectiveness [5]. Recently, German authorities included leukocyte reduction or depletion of autologous blood into the new transfusion guidelines [6]. An autologous predeposit is required to be stored as leukocyte depleted whole blood, or as buffy coat poor packed red cells and fresh frozen plasma. Similar regulations have been introduced in Austria. The new regulations simply transfer standards of allogenic transfusion to autologous predeposit. They are not based on evidence derived from the autologous setting. Most of the proven or suspected advantages of leukocyte reduction or depletion (Table 1) do not apply to autologous blood. For the majority of autologous donors no fresh frozen plasma is required during surgery or during the recovery period. The longer permissible storage period of autologous packed red cells with additive solutions does not reduce the allogenic transfusion rate in hip arthroplasty when compared with whole blood [7]. A meta-analysis comparing storage of blood as buffy coat poor packed red cells and as whole blood demonstrated little difference in terms of quality at the end of the permissible storage period; in particular, no difference in the 24-h survival rate of the erythrocytes [8]. Leukocytes and platelets release biologically active substances and activate complement during storage. Immunomodulators such as tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukins, and complement 3a are increased in stored whole blood. If the product is retransfused to healthy volunteers, moderate and transient immunomodulation occurs, including increased cell counts of neutrophils, elevated plasma concentrations of IL-6 and C3a, and increased phagocytosis activity of monocytes and neutrophils. Transfusion of autologous packed red cells and fresh frozen plasma is not associated with similar change [9]. No such difference in immunological parameters can be demonstrated in the context of immunomodulation by anaesthesia and trauma in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty [10,11]. The effect on outcome parameters (e.g. rate of infection) of the transfusion recipient is not known. Therefore, the evidence behind the new regulations has not been proven. The risk is high that the new transfusion guidelines will change transfusion practice without an improvement of quality and that they may jeopardize the predonation of autologous blood. Their economic consequences are: leukocyte depletion will increase the cost at least by half, and the production of components will double the cost compared with unprocessed whole blood. In addition, the staff and equipment required for processing will make it dif®cult for community hospitals to support donation programs and render this service at a local level. However, the transfer to blood banks may Accepted June 2001 Correspondence: Thomas Frietsch, MD, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor Kutzer Ufer 1±3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany (e-mail: email@example.com). European Journal of Anaesthesiology 2001, 18, 629±631


Monitoring and controlling stability in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems are essential, since it allows to obtain information that helps to take corrective actions in case of deviations in the system and to guarantee a stable performance in the biogas production. In this work, a pilot-scale CSRT reactor (1 m3) was monitored during the anaerobic digestion of pig manure with thermal pretreatment (80 °C) operated at thermophilic temperature (45 °C). The ratio of the volatile organic acids (FOS) to the total inorganic carbonate (TAC) and the pH were the indicators used during the monitoring process to identify deviations in the AD system. Additionally, alkaline solution NaOH (98%) was applied to counteract pH deviations and maintain stability. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biogas composition were measured during the AD process. It was found that during the AD process, the FOS/TAC was between the range of 0.5 and 1. The results revealed that, in the anaerobic digestion of pig manure with thermal pretreatment, the pH was kept stable in the range of 6.7–7.4 since no medium acidification occurred. Additionally, the tendency of the chemical oxygen demand decreased from the 10th day of operation, product of the favorable enzymatic activity of the microorganisms, reflected in the stable production of biogas (69% ). Finally, it is concluded that thermophilic AD of pig manure with thermal pretreatment is a good option when it is carried out efficiently by employing an adequate energetic integration.


Student achievement in online education shows no significant difference from traditional face-to-face learning (Hawkins, Barbour, & Graham, 2012; Lewis, Whiteside, & Dikkers, 2014). With this as a backdrop, online education has been given a remarkable boost in consumer confidence, credibility, and growth (Lewis et al., 2014). Yet understanding student motivation in online education has shown this medium is still in its developmental infancy. Administrators are quickly making adjustments, as motivation factors heavily into student retention rates. Curriculum design, quality assignments, faculty communication, and student feedback all affect student engagement, satisfaction, and motivation. The online environment favors students who have basic technology capabilities, can manage time well, and desire independence. Administrators that support these features positively affect student success (Kranzow, 2013). This SUPPORTING THE SUCCESS OF ADULT AND ONLINE STUDENTS 110 111 Review of the Literature Learning in the online environment is different. Students are aware that they are in control of their environment, and they take responsibility for and invest in their own learning (Ilgaz & Gülbahar, 2015). For this scenario to manifest success, students need to come equipped with basic technical skills to overcome the demands of the learning management systems (LMS) used in online courses. But to increase the odds of success, administrators must ensure course design is aligned with the learning goals, and instructors should incorporate a positive presence in the course while responding to students quickly and effectively (Lewis et al., 2014). Aside from the technological challenges learners may experience, it has been found that administrators, curriculum designers, and faculty are also struggling to adapt to changing technology (Ilgaz & Gülbahar, 2015). Key findings in the literature suggest that educators are presently comfortable delivering face-to-face instruction. The challenge is that inclass methods of instruction do not always translate well to online pedagogy. On the upside, researchers are helping to identify new supportive and adaptive mechanisms to engage and instruct today's online student (Alijani, Kwun, & Yu, 2014). Lewis et al. (2014) found that adult students have a need to be in control, take responsibility for, and invest in their learning, but the classroom must also have student support mechanisms in place. Should these support mechanisms not be incorporated in the delivery of the course, student motivation may wane, leading to hurdles students may find difficult to overcome, leading to reduced retention. However, applying the model Wise (2003) derived, and using the ideas appropriately and consistently, can motivate students. These learner-centered approaches where "individual learner characteristics, preferences, motivations, and goals" are addressed can motivate students to achieve their desired educational outcomes (Cornelius, Gordon, & Ackland, 2011, p. 381). The Student-Learner Perspective The online learning environment is different for the adult learner. Students are faced with making their own schedules, working at their own pace, completing assignments within a flexible environment, and studying chapter will look into successful pedagogical strategies for administrators, curriculum designers, and faculty for the online environment.


The invention relates to a light source, consisting of a number of LEDs (2) which are successively connected one behind the other and which are connected in series to a series resistance (4). The invention is characterised in that (a) the electric circuit of the LEDs (2) has, in addition to the series resistance (4), a rapid electronic switch (6) and a rectifier circuit (8) as the power source which, when in operation, is connected to the voltage of the public mains supply; (b) the rapid electronic switch (6) is connected to a pulse generator (10) which provides pulses with a repetition frequency of at least 70 Hz; (c) the series resistance (4) is smaller than a protective resistor which operates with a constant current (d) the arrangement is configured in such a way that the amplitude of the current to the LEDs (2) is greater than the maximum current which is permitted with a constant current.


Provided are a method and a system to share an output device between multimedia devices in order to transmit and receive data. The method automatically detects at least one second multimedia device as a first multimedia device is located within the communication range of at least one second multimedia device which transmits a low power signal and transmits data of the first multimedia device to at least one second multimedia device as at least one second multimedia device is detected.


Todays measurement techniques and especially laser based optical measurement techniques are widely used by automobile manufacturers for investigation of external flows around the vehicle bodies as well as for internal flows in passenger compartments and engines. In spite of the fact, that probe measurements and pointwise laser anemometry is still frequently used, this paper is focusing on planar velocimetry which has rapidly developed over the past decade. Therefore, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Doppler Global Velocimetry (DGV) are described in more detail in the following.


Using a specially designed die with a very slightly inclined face, the punch load is decreased to a lower level than that for the usual flat die. This is because the lubricant trapped on a slightly inclined die face enters on the die radius in the course of the punch stroke, so that friction on the die profile decreases. The punch penetration, at which point the decrease of the punch load starts, can be estimated by calculating the volume of lubricant initially trapped and the change in the intervening space between the die face and the deforming flange during the press. The increase in the limiting drawing ratio (LDR) is brought about by the decrease of maximum punch load, and it depends on the inclination of the die face. The experimental results show that the LDR is increased by about 0.15 at the optimum inclination.


By wet digestion procedure with HNO3/H2 O2 to prepare samples,the mineral elements in Scindapsus aureus(Linden ex Andre) Engler were completely analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES).The results showed that there were 16 mineral elements including K,P,Ca,Mg,S,Al,Si,Fe,Na,Mn,Zn,Sr,B,Ba,Cu and Ti in Scindapsus aureus.Except that of Ti,the RSD of other mineral elements were less than 4 %.The recovery rate was between 90.3% and 110.9 %.Among them,those of 10 mineral elements were within(100±5)%.The mass fraction of such necessary macrometals in the human body,such as K,P,Ca,Mg,S and Na,were 0.66 %,0.40 %,0.27 %,0.23 %,0.17 % and 0.004 %,respectively.The contents of microminerals such as Fe,Zn,Cu,Si,Mn,and B,were 48.4,30.8,6.5,151,36.3 and 16.5 mg/kg,respectively.


We thank Dr Kerstin Baiker and Dr Kaspar Matiasek for their comments on our article. We would like to focus on 3 important discussion points. As they mentioned, the immune response in canine necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), necrotizing leukoencephalitis (NLE), and granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) is very complicated. Despite their unique distribution patterns (NME, NLE, and GME), breed predispositions (NME and NLE), and histopathologic features, the populations of the inflammatory cells detected by immunohistochemical analysis are not significantly different among these canine central nervous system (CNS) disorders. We agree with their statements that further examinations will be needed to know the ''real'' etiologies of these diseases. Actually, we recently examined several cytokine levels within the fresh brain tissues from NME, NLE, and GME cases and found that these 3 diseases have quite different cytokine profiles. We therefore hope to publish the data and receive specific comments from researchers in this field. Concerning the etiology of GME, we did not mean at all that the Borna virus infection might be associated with the canine disease, but some viral infections, such as canine distemper, have some possibility to act as a trigger of an irregular immune response. A previous study on a canine CNS disease named subacute necrotizing encephalopathy, caused by combined respiratory chain defect mitochondrial transfer RNA mutations in Yorkshire Terriers, was very interesting for us, although the relationship between the genetic changes and CNS lesions in the affected dogs might remain unclear. The clinical course, canine breed, and distribution of the lesions seemed to be in conformity with those of NLE in Yorkshire Terriers, described in our article and other previous reports.


Abstract In this paper, an adaptive control algorithm is proposed for a two continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with unknown functions based on the approximation property of the neural networks. Because the considered reactor contains the nonlinear property and the unknown functions are included in the subsystem, it is a completed system and is very difficult to be controlled. In order to avoid the difficulties, novel recursive design method is used to remove the interconnection term and special approximated functions are defined to be approximated by using the neural networks. Using the Lyapunov stability analysis method, the proposed algorithm ensures that all the signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and the system output can converge to a neighborhood of zero.


[From the Introduction]. The EU has now decided to open membership negotiations with Turkey in late 2005. Given the determination with which Turkey has pursued the goal of EU membership, it is likely that these negotiations will in the end lead to accession. But this will not happen quickly; 2015 is the most likely date of membership often mentioned on both sides. Nevertheless, even if one accepts this time frame, it is worthwhile exploring the economic dimension of Turkey's accession.


Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is an advanced imaging method due to its advantages of non-radiation, rapid-response and low-cost. Compared with other imaging technology such as computed tomography (CT), ERT imaging process is of high temporal resolution, but its spatial resolution is limited to the so-called "soft-field" effect and ill-posedness. In ERT, electrical currents are excited through electrodes around the object field and the voltages between the rest electrodes are measured to reconstruct image of the resistivity distribution within object field. Commonly, the adjacent exciting and adjacent measuring pattern is always adopted in ERT, i.e., the excited current is injected through a couple of adjacent electrodes and the voltages are measured between adjacent electrodes. As a result, the voltages measurements are far fewer than the pixels of reconstruction image, termed as ill-posedness. To overcome this problem, eight exciting patterns were employed in this paper to obtain more measurements containing information from different angles around object field. According to three characteristics of these measurements, Choquet integral (CI) method was used to fuse and select measurements optimally. The results of simulations and experiments indicated that the proposed method in this paper can improve the quality of reconstructed images.


A lattice Boltzmann model under local thermal non-equilibrium conditions based on double temperature equations is developed for simulation of melting governed by heat conduction of phase change materials in metal foams.Nonlinear phase change aspects are tackled by an enthalpy based method.The numerical simulation results show the non-equilibrium effect can not be neglected when the porous metal foam is with low porosity density,when the thermal conduction difference between the fluid and the porous metal foam is significant,and when the Stefan number of phase change material is relative small.


We investigated the occurrence of word field disturbances and sentence field disturbances in the text of schizophrenic patients. Through the connection of these disturbances with relevant biographical data of the patient and through a psychological interpretation we found that the occurrence of these disturbances is not accidental, but has a relevant psychological meaning for the patient.


Neocompsa bravo sp. nov. (Neoibidionini, Compsina) is described from the United States of America (southern Texas). Tetranodus reticeps (Bates, 1880) (Tillomorphini, Tillomorphina) is redescribed and recorded from Honduras. A key to species of Tetranodus is provided and notes on the number of specimens in the original description of Tetranodus reticeps (Bates, 1880) are provided. A new species of Pentanodes (Tillomorphini, Tillomorphina) from Nicaragua is described and the following new combinations are proposed for species formerly in Tetranodus: Pentanodes xanthocollis (Chemsak, 1977), and P. tropipennis (Chemsak, 1977).


Though the attention of several physiologists has been directed to the Tubularian Zoophytes, and though the elucidation of many points of interest in their structure and in the physiological phenomena presented by them has been the result, yet in numerous most important particulars our knowledge of the Tubulariadæ is still very imperfect, notwithstanding the great value which a more thorough acquaintance with these simple organisms must possess in its bearing upon some of the leading questions in physiology. It was with the view of filling up some of the deficiencies which still exist in our knowledge of the lower zoophytes, that the following researches were under taken; and Cordylophora lacustris, affording as it does a fine typical example of tubularian structure, and being easily kept alive for months, was deemed peculiarly favourable for prolonged and careful observation; the results, moreover, which have been obtained from the investigation of this zoophyte, have been in many instances confirmed and extended by corresponding inquiries, instituted at the same time into the structure of allied genera.


Abstract.  The genus Copidosoma includes species that have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents of lepidopteran pests. Regardless of their importance and the high number of species described from Europe, this is the first time that a complete revision at European level has been conducted. Fifty‐six European species of Copidosoma are revised. Seven species are described as new, i.e. athepi (France), charon (France), firli (Czech Republic), ortyx (Portugal), shawi (Netherlands), zolta (Spain), zdeneki (Spain). Thirty‐nine new specific synonymies are proposed, i.e. alexandri (of sosares), batorligetensis (of varicorne), bohemicum (of terebrator), brevicaudae (of peticus), buyssoni (of peticus), clavellatus (of varicorne), claviger (of thebe), crassicorne (of radnense), cultriformis (of boucheanum), flavomaculatus (of peticus), fulvipes (of thebe), geniculatus (of filicorne), giganteum (of terebrator), glandiferellae (of filicorne), hartmanni (of sosares), hilare (of boucheanum), hydramon (of aithyia), incertum (of peticus), innocuellae (of albipes), intermedius (of floridanum), jamansaiense (of peticus), kisilkumense (of peticus), kriechbaumeri (of aithyia), lembolovicum (of aretas), machaeras (of babas), matritense (of dius), moldavicus (of cervius), montanum (of filicorne), montanum minor (of herbaceum), nanellae (of ancharus), nanus (of primulum), obscurus (of primulum), phalaenarum (of aithyia), phithra (of chalconotum), prasinum (of arenarium), salicinus (of aithyia), savsdargi (of iracundum), triangularis (of peticus), woronieckae (of peticus), and one new combination (heliothis (Liao) from Litomastix). Lectotypes are designated for eight species (buyssoni, didius, kriechbaumeri, machaeras, mitreus, nanellae, telesto, tibiale). A dichotomous key is provided to facilitate the identification of females and males. Each species is further characterized by a description, and figures and notes are provided on their known distribution and hosts. An overview of the biology of the genus is given in addition to a host–parasitoid index for all known European species.


To promote the development of boron-containing purine analogues that exist in planar, non-zwitterionic dominant structural form in aqueous solution, rigorous solution and solid state structural analyses of 1-hydroxy-1H-2,3,1-benzoxazaborine (1), 1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,3,1-benzodiazaborine (2), and related 2,3,1-benzodiheteraborines were undertaken. With the aid of isotope-enriched compounds, a multisolvent 1H, 13C, 11B, and 15N NMR spectroscopic analysis of 1 and 2 was conducted, providing structurally-diagnostic chemical shift data for all non-oxygen atoms that constitute their heterocyclic peripheries. In addition, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of 1 and 2 were performed. In stark contrast to their 2,4,1 isomeric counterparts, the 2,3,1-benzoxaza- and benzodiazaborines exist in planar structural form in protic solution and in the solid state and display proton dissociative and associative tendencies reflective of the predominant Bronsted, yet still Lewis acidic-capable character of the B-OH ...