The village chief as the leader who is directly elected by the villagers and it is believed and also claimed to have good leadership for the development of rural infrastructure as well as to invite the community to participate in the advancement of the village. An organization will succeed or fail is determined by the leadership. This study raises the issue: (1) How is the leadership of the village chief in the construction of infrastructure in the coastal village? (2) What are the factors that affect the leadership of the village chief in the construction of infrastructure in the coastal village? The method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The data used is primary data (observations and interviews) and secondary data (literature). The primary data sources are direct observation, interviews and recording the data in the seaside village office. Then, it is analyzed with related theories. The conclusion of this research was the leadership of the village chief in developing of infrastructure field in Pantai village, west Kapuas subdistrict, Kapuas district. It is known by the head chief�s way to.


This experimental study deals with a single-basin solar still using various absorbing materials with and without black painting. Different types of absorbing materials with and without black painting were used to enhance the solar still productivity through improvement in absorptivity. These materials are steel and aluminum with and without black painting and rubber. Two identical solar stills were manufactured using locally available materials. All the results were compared together to reach the best absorbing materials with and without painting that can be used for solar still. It was found that the rubber absorber has the highest water collection during daytime, followed by the black painted steel absorber, then by black painted aluminum absorber and steel without painting absorber. The average enhancement in the daily productivity was about 50% for the rubber absorber compared with the black painted aluminum absorber and about 43% for the rubber absorber compared with the black painted steel absorber.


The utility model belongs to the technical field of an electrical rivet welding machine which is special equipment for bearings. A working platform of the rivet welding machine has the structure that both sides of a platform surface plate (1) are symmetrically provided with equidistant transverse long grooves; a supporting plate (2) which can move from left to right is arranged on each transverse long groove of each side, a long groove which can move back and forth is arranged on each supporting plate (2) of each side, a vertical long groove which can move back and forth is arranged at the rear part of the platform surface plate (1), the vertical long groove and the transverse long grooves form a T-shaped structure, and a positioning plate (4) which can move back and forth is arranged on the vertical long groove. Lever principles are utilized in the utility model. After a rivet of a bearing retainer is riveted, the rivet can be replaced only by grasping the hand holding end of a bearing outer sleeve with one hand. Then, the bearing is pressed upwards and the rivet is replaced by rotating a bearing inner sleeve. Therefore, the replacement of a rivet is not only very convenient but also very easy and the labor intensity of workers is lowered.


In this study, a new nonlinear fatigue damage accumulation model is proposed to consider the effects of loading history and loading sequence under multi-level stress loading based on the Miner–Palmgren rule and S-N curve. By using damage equivalence, the new model is simplified and another form of the model is given. This model improves the application of the traditional Miner–Palmgren rule, by considering not only the loading sequence effect but also the loading history effect. The methods for calculating the degree of safety of specimens and cumulative damage of low-amplitude loads are also presented. Applicability of the new model is validated by predicting the fatigue life of 16Mn and 45 steel specimens under two-level stress loading. Further validation is carried out for the case of 41Cr4 and Aluminum alloys 6082 T6 under multi-level stress loading, and the strengthening and damaging effect of low-amplitude loads is considered. Comparing with the Miner–Palmgren rule and some new models, this new model gives more accurate and reliable prediction.


ABSTRACT Using thermal analysis and mass spectrometry, this study examined samples of powdered pine bark by subjecting them to: (a) complete combustion, (b) partial combustion, and (c) pyrolysis. For each of the examined samples, which heated at the rate of 30°C min−1, temperature regions corresponded to moisture loss and the degassing process. Global and local maximum values of ionic currents representing H2O, CO2, CO, and additionally for hydrocarbons such as CH4, C2H4, and C2H5 for pyrolysis were identified. Based on the recorded values of ionic currents of hydrocarbons in the helium atmosphere, C2H5 dominance was determined at T ≤ 415°C, and CH4 dominance was determined at T > 415°C. Assuming first-order kinetics, thermogravimetric data were analyzed by the Arrhenius type model, and kinetic parameters were determined.


We consider, in this paper, the design of a cooperative relay strategy by exploiting the finite-alphabet property of the source. Assuming a single source-sink pair with L relay nodes all communicating in orthogonal channels, we derive necessary conditions for optimal relay signaling that minimizes the error probability at the sink node. The derived conditions allow us to construct an iterative algorithm to find the distributed relay signaling that is at least locally optimal. As a byproduct, one can show that the so-called decode-and-forward (DF) relay scheme does not satisfy the necessary condition hence is not optimal in its error probability performance. Indeed, numerical examples show that the proposed scheme provides substantial performance improvement over both DF and the amplify-and-forward approach.


Tibetan agricultural manor (gzhis-ka) is the typical local style dwelling buildings before the Democratic Reform (1959). The manor's layout and its building type demonstrate the specific hierarchy and attachment of federal serf system in Tibet before the liberation. The paper, by analysis of the manor's layout and building type, tries to study the architectural sociological features of Tibetan manor.


Adequacy of description of the thermodynamic properties and phase changes of materials is important for simulations of processes in condensed media under pulsed power influences, specifically such as an electrical explosion of conductors1. In this work, a semiempirical equations-of-state model with taking into account polymorphic phase transformations, melting and evaporation as well as metastable state realization is proposed. Multiphase equations of state for metals (such as tungsten, molybdenum, titanium) are presented. As distinct from the previously obtained equations of state for the metals2, a new form of expressions of the individual terms of the thermodynamic potential Helmholtz free energy is developed. It takes greater account of the thermal contribution of atoms in the liquid phase as well as the melting and ionization effects. A critical analysis of calculated results is made in comparison with available data from experiments with shock wave loading, isentropic release and high current pulsed heating.


The content of heavy metals, non-etherified and anionic forms of fatty acids, and also fatty acids of common lipids in honeycomb cells, obtained from hives placed in areas with high, medium and low levels of technogenic loading is investigated. The hives were located at the educational apiary of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S.Z. Gzhytskyj (area with very heavy traffic and industrial activity) and in private beekeeping farms in the town Vynnyky and the village Chyzhyky, Pustomyty district, Lviv region (areas with lower intensity of traffic and industrial activity). Our research has shown that the newly-built honeycomb cells obtained from hives placed in the territory with medium and low levels of technogenic loading contain a lower quantity of such heavy metals as iron, zinc, cuprum, chromium, nickel, lead and cadmium. The total amount of non-etherified fatty acids with even and odd number of carbon atoms in the chain, monounsaturated fatty acids of n-7 and n-9 families and polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 and n-6 families was higher in these honeycombs. However, the total concentration of anionic forms of fatty acids with even and odd number of carbon atoms in the chain, monounsaturated fatty acids of n-7 and n-9 families and polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 and n-6 families was lower in these honeycombs. Due to the above-mentioned monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids the amount of fatty acids of common lipids rises. It leads to increase in the antibacterial and antifungal properties of honeycomb cells and reduction of fragility of their walls. The greatest changes in concentration of heavy metals, non-etherified and anionic form of fatty acids, and also fatty acids of common lipids occur in the newly built honeycomb cells in the territory with low technogenic loading on the environment.


ABSTRA C T We consider how the tidal potential of a stellar cluster or a dense molecular cloud affects the fragmentation of gravitationally unstable molecular cloud cores. We find that molecular cloud cores which would collapse to form a single star in the absence of tidal shear, can be forced to fragment if they are subjected to tides. This may enhance the frequency of binaries in star-forming regions such as Ophiuchus and the frequency of binaries with separations &100 au in the Orion Trapezium Cluster. We also find that clouds which collapse to form binary systems in the absence of a tidal potential will form bound binary systems if exposed to weak tidal shear. However, if the tidal shear is sufficiently strong, even though the cloud still collapses to form two fragments, the fragments are pulled apart while they are forming by the tidal shear and two single stars are formed. This sets an upper limit for the separation of binaries that form near dense molecular clouds or in stellar clusters.


Saw blade (1), with a base body (2) and a plurality of teeth (10) attached to the base body (2), wherein a part of the teeth (10) is designed as toothed surface ( O) repeating along the base body (2), wherein a tooth surface (O) is a tooth (10) of the blade (1) which is responsible for the formation of the surface quality part serrated work and a projection of the saw blade (1) in the direction of travel of the belt defines an outer lateral limit, and a part of the teeth (10) are designed as a group that repeats over the base body (2) with three teeth performance unset (L), being a tooth performance (L) a tooth (10) which, unlike the tooth surface (O), is essentially responsible for the performance of cutting saw blade (1) and at least in parts protrudes in the direction of advance of the saw blade (1) with respect to t ros teeth (10), wherein a first number of teeth of performance (L) of the group is disposed in a first position of the base body (2) between the teeth surface (O) and a second number of teeth performance (L) of the group is disposed in a second position of the base body (2) between the teeth surface (O), being different the first number and the second number different from zero, the teeth surface being arranged ( O) and teeth performance (L) in one of the following commands which are repeated: LOLLO, LOLLOO, LOOLLO, LOOLLOO, LLOLLLO, LLOLLLOO, LLOOLLLO, which may also be arranged next to each other an odd plurality or greater plurality pair of teeth surface (O).


p19INK4d(p19), a member of INK4 cell cycle inhibitors, plays a role in DNA repair and becomes phosphorylated upon DNA damage. We aimed to evaluate first the involvement of predicted p19 phosphorylation sites in its DNA repair activity, second to demonstrate the phosphorylation event in those sites, and last to establish the subcellular localization of the phosphorylation process. p19 mutants were made replacing Ser or Thr by Ala at S13, S66, S76, T89, T141. Wi‐38 cells were transfected with the mutants and cell cycle arrest ability by 3H‐timidine incorporation, DNA repair capacity by UDS and apoptosis by caspase‐3 activity were assayed. Although none of the mutated sites are involved in cell cycle arrest capacity, S76 and T141 are necessary for p19 DNA repair function. Mutation of S76 and T141 to glutamic acid to mimic phosphorylation leads to the recovery of the function. To evaluate in vivo phosphorylation of these mutants we performed metabolic labeling with 32P‐orthophosphate. While S76A entirely supressed phosphorylation, T141A didn't completely abrogated. The mutant S76E retrieves the phosphorylation potential. p19 translocates into the nucleus after genotoxic treatment. We found that p19 phosphorylation begins in the citoplasm. These results show p19 is sequentially phosphorylated starting in the cytoplasm and being necessary for exerting an effective DNA repair function.


Cognitive Computing is a new and quickly advancing technology. In thelast decade Cognitive Computing has been used to assist researchers in theirendeavors in many different scientific fields such a ...


Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is the most common form of ectodermal dysplasia in humans. It is a rare syndrome, with incidence of approximately 1: 100,000 (1). We report a case of 25 years old male who had typical features of this disorder and presented with history of lack of sweating. INTRODUCTION- X-Linked Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (also known as "Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia," and "Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome) is a genetic disorders of absence to near absence of eccrine sweating, presence of faulty dentition and characteristic facies. This syndrome is characterized by partial or complete absence of sweat glands, hypotrichosis and hypodontia.


Wide potential window, high ionic conductivity, which eliminates a need of using supporting electrolyte, and negligible vapor pressure, are the unique properties that make the room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) attractive for electrochemical purposes [1]. Combining the RTILs with the processes of electrogenerated ion transfer across a liquid-liquid interface, may have an impact on the development of new electro-assisted extraction systems or ion selective amperometric sensors. The aim of these studies was to determine the effect of RTIL on the ion transfer accompanying multistep reductions of fullerene C60 both deposited on the electrode surface as a solid film, and dissolved in a liquid phase. We focused on the iondependent electrochemical response that might be a starting point for a novel ion sensing system. The RTILs investigated included water-immiscible phosphonium-phosphate ionic liquid [2], (C4mim)(NTf2) and (C10mim)(NTf2). Electrochemical experiments were performed both in the neat RTILs, and in the biphasic systems comprising of various aqueous electrolyte solutions in which the working electrode, coated with a small deposit of C60/RTIL solution, was immersed. In the biphasic arrangement three or four reduction steps of the C60 were observed on the voltammograms, depending on the RTIL used. The effect of the aqueous cations and anions on the subsequent C60 reduction-oxidation potentials was thoroughly examined for series of aqueous electrolytes. Interestingly, no significant dependence on the aqueous electrolyte was noticed, indicating similar values of the ion Gibbs energies of transfer from water to the RTIL. Only measurements in a wide range of concentrations of the aqueous electrolytes allowed us to deduce the type of transferring ion. Generally, the results suggest that in the presence of the RTIL the electrochemical reductions of both the solid and dissolved C60 proceed with the cation transfer from the aqueous phase to the ionic liquid environment. Surprisingly, when the RTIL was replaced by tetrahexylammonium perchlorate, the electrochemical response changed from the cation to the anion transfer mechanism [3, 4]. Additional experiments performed in the absence of the aqueous phase, enabled us to discuss the possible ion association between electrogenerated fulleride anions and constituents of the RTILs.


In an attempt to contribute to theory-building in the area of participation, the present inquiry sought to explore the underlying structure of the many reasons adults give for not participating in continuing education (i.e., to identify "deterrent" factors analogous to "motivational orientation" factors) and to determine the utility of the deterrent factors in discriminating between participants and nonparticipants. A Deterrents to Participation scale was developed and administered to a large random sample of health professionals. A principal components factor analysis yielded six orthogonal factors labelled Disengagement, Lack of Quality, Family Constraints, Cost, Lack of Benefit, and Work Constraints. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the factors were potent predictors of participation. It was concluded that conceptually meaningful deterrent factors can be identified, that the construct of deterrent is multidimensional, and that the results provide empirical support for incorporating the deterrents construct in theories of participation.


Abstract The structural evolution of the T-Block (U.K. 16/17) Brae Formation fields in the southern part of the South Viking Graben reflects a history of Late Jurassic rifting and Early Cretaceous inversion. Triassic rifting follows an inherited Caledonian trend, with Permian and Triassic depocenters to the northwest and southeast of a ridge trending north–northeast through the South Viking Graben from the area of the Thelma field. In the northern part of the area, in Trees Block (U.K. 16 /12), halokinesis has created accommodation space for Middle Jurassic deposition. Further south, in T-Block, Middle Jurassic deposition does not appear to have been influenced by Caledonide structures. Rifting commenced in Trees Block in the early part of the Late Jurassic, with development of a north–south striking northern fault segment. The faulting propagated southward from the northern segment and northward from a segment to the south of T-Block, to create a relay zone opposite Thelma and Toni. At the segment centers, the fault throws are large, and the Middle Jurassic sequence dips to the west, toward the footwall. In comparison, at the Thelma relay zone, the fault displacements are much smaller, and the Middle Jurassic dips to the east. Flexural uplift and back-tilting have affected the footwall sediments and normal faults. The fault segment evolution is likely to have been a significant control on Brae sedimentation, the back-tilting of the footwalls at the segment centers funneling sediment supply into the Thelma relay zone, and footwall uplift providing emergent source areas adjacent to the developing graben. The basin morphology has been modified by postrifting thermal subsidence, increasing the eastward dip of the fault terraces. Inversion in the Early Cretaceous caused uplift of the hanging wall, creating a bulge over Thelma and Toni, and uplift on the fault adjacent to Trees Block. This inversion event is likely to be the result of oblique northwesterly compression, causing shortening and left-lateral strike-slip on the marginal faults. This event can be related to an unconformity between the Valhall and the Carrack formations, which constrains timing to the late Barremian–Aptian.


List of figures. List of genealogical tables. List of maps. Preface. Acknowledgements. List of abbreviations. 1. The sources. 2. From major domus to rex francorum: the emergence of the Carolingians. 3. Conquest and consolidation: Pippin III and Charlemagne. 4. The means of ruling. 5. Louis the Pious and the Christian Empire. 6. The foundations of the Carolingian renaissance. 7. Charles the Bald and the defence of Carolingian kingship. 8. Scholarship, book production and libraries: the flowering of the Carolingian renaissance. 9. Normandy, Brittany and Flanders. 10. Odo and the emergence of the Robertians. 11. Learning and monasticism in the tenth century. 12. The last Carolingians Bibliography of principal sources. A note on further reading. Genealogical tables. Maps. Index of manuscripts. General index


Historically, information professionals have advocated for intellectual freedom, specifically the rights to free speech and expression. The unrestricted flow of information has been foundational to library and information science practice. Yet, free speech at times is protected to the detriment of vulnerable communities. In this panel discussion, four library and information science researchers discuss the scholarly and pragmatic tensions surrounding LIS ethics and anti‐hegemony. Using Chatman's (1996) concept of information poverty and Gibson and Martin's (2019) theory of information marginalization as discursive guides, the panelists will describe how they negotiate ethical principles, information justice, LIS professionalization, and social inclusion.


Effect of stress on the rate of liquid lithium penetration of Armco iron grain boundaries was determined at 838 to 965/sup 0/K. The rate of liquid lithium penetration of the Armco iron grain boundary was found to increase with increasing stress for a stress range of 12 to 28 MPa. Specimens stressed to only 12 MPa experienced as much as fifty times the penetration rate of similarly unstressed specimens. The penetration distance was found to be a single-valued function of creep strain for various combinations of time, temperature, and stress. This relationship of total penetration to total creep strain suggests that the role of stress may be to produce creep strain that ruptures a protective film at the surface, allowing the corrosion rate to proceed at an accelerated rate. (auth)


Objective We sought to investigate the prevalence of precocious puberty in children aged 6–10 years in Qufu City, Shandong Province, China. Methods A total of 5,169 primary school students from grades 1–3 were recruited by population-based multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. Professional pediatricians conducted physical examinations in October 2020. Precocious puberty is defined as the onset of secondary sexual characteristics in boys aged < 9 years or girls < 8 years or menstruation in girls < 10 years old. Tanner staging was used to record the development of breast and pubic hair in girls and testicular volume and pubic hair in boys. According to the standards of the International Obesity Task Force, we diagnosed overweight, obesity, or severe obesity. In obese girls, a combination of palpation and ultrasound was used to evaluate breast development. The difference was tested by chi-squared test, and all data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Results The unadjusted and adjusted prevalence rates of precocious puberty were 5.01% (11.53% for girls and 1.41% for boys) and 6.29% (14.23% for girls and 1.54% for boys), respectively. The prevalence of precocious puberty in urban (5.34%) dwellers was much higher than that in suburban residents (2.36%, P < 0.05). The prevalence of precocious puberty in the overweight (21.43% for girls and 1.97% for boys), obesity (35.48% for girls and 4.6% for boys), and severe obesity (32.35% for girls and 3.38% for boys) groups were higher than that in the normal weight group (4% for girls and 0.54% for boys, P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of precocious puberty is high, and overweight and obesity are related to precocious puberty in Qufu, Shandong Province, China.


Introduction: Therapeutic approaches to advancing treatment from basal insulin in T2D require assessment of the benefits and risks of any chosen intervention. Methods: SoliMix was a 26-week, open-label, multicenter study in which adults (N=887) with T2D and HbA1c ≥7.5-≤10.0 % (≥58-≤86 mmol/mol) using basal insulin + metformin ± sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors were randomized to once-daily iGlarLixi (fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin glargine 100 U/mL + lixisenatide) or twice-daily premix insulin 30/70 analog (BiAsp 30). HbA1c improved and bodyweight changes were favorable with iGlarLixi vs. BiAsp 30 (primary outcomes), while hypoglycemia event rates were also lower with iGlarLixi vs. BiAsp 30. This subanalysis assessed estimated hypoglycemia event rates over the whole treatment period as a function of HbA1c at Week 26. Results: Modelled event profiles for clinically significant hypoglycemia (ADA Level 2 [ Conclusion: Lower rates of hypoglycemia with iGlarLixi across a broad range of HbA1c suggests that iGlarLixi facilitates greater HbA1c improvement vs. premix insulin 30/70. Disclosure R. J. Mccrimmon: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi-Aventis, Board Member; Self; Novo Nordisk Foundation, Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca. J. Rosenstock: Board Member; Self; Applied Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Oramed Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sanofi, Consultant; Self; Applied Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Oramed Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sanofi, Research Support; Self; Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Genentech, Inc., Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Novo Nordisk, Oramed Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc., REMD Biotherapeutics, Sanofi. P. Home: Consultant; Self; American Diabetes Association, Kriya Technologies, Sanofi, Other Relationship; Self; Association of British Clinical Diabetologists, AstraZeneca, Novartis Malaysia, Sanofi, Research Support; Self; Sanofi. A. Y. Cheng: Advisory Panel; Self; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bayer Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, HLS Therapeutics Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Medtronic, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Research Support; Self; Applied Therapeutics, The Medicine Company, Speaker's Bureau; Self; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bausch Health, Canada, Bayer Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, HLS Therapeutics Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Medtronic, Merck & Co., Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. F. Giorgino: Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi, Research Support; Self; Lilly Diabetes, Roche Diabetes Care. V. Fonseca: Consultant; Self; Abbott Diabetes, Asahi Kasei Corporation, Bayer Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Pfizer Inc., Sanofi-Aventis, Stock/Shareholder; Self; Amgen Inc., Bravo4health, Mellitus Health. E. Souhami: Employee; Self; Sanofi, Stock/Shareholder; Self; Sanofi. A. Alvarez: Employee; Self; Sanofi. A. H. Boss: Employee; Self; Sanofi, Stock/Shareholder; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. L. Melas-melt: None. Funding Sanofi


This is an excellent book. A compilation of papers, it represents the "last word" on the subject of psychopathology in epilepsy and its treatment. The book is remarkably well organized for a compilation. I t proceeds logically from an introduction by Michael Trimble in which he amasses, in an extremely readable and convincing manner, the overwhelming evidence that epilepsy, and especially temporal lobe epilepsy, is associated with specific interictal syndromes, especially personality disturbances, depression, and psychosis. This is followed by a fascinating chapter by Jane Mellanby on the effect of kindling on the behavior of animals and the effect of anticonvulsant drugs on these induced behavioral changes. The effect of antiepileptic drugs upon psychopathology is nicely summarized by Reynolds. There is a superb review by Mary Robertson, suggesting that depression is a complication of epilepsy, and an original study of depression in epilepsy featuring a double-blind, controlled study of treatment that compared placebo with amitriptyline and nomifensine, a dopamine agonist that has not been implicated in precipitating seizures. The remainder of the book discusses the uses of antidepressants and neuroleptic drugs upon epileptic patients and upon seizure threshold, the pharmacokinetic interactions between antiepileptic and psychotropic drugs, and the uses of anticonvulsant drugs in psychiatric illnesses, especially mania, depression, anxiety states, and schizophrenia. The only important behavioral problem that is virtually untouched is aggressive behavior among epileptics. This book will be an extremely valuable addition to the libraries of neurologists, internists, and generalists who see epileptic patients, as well as for psychiatrists. It provides an update on experimental work elucidating the relationship between epilepsy and behavioral disturbance, and also will help the clinician who deals with the problems of managing epileptics on a day-to-day basis.


As defined by IADC, specific variations of managed pressure drilling are able to overcome pressure problems and other drilling challenges that had made some prospects undrillable for operators.


History has marked a large number of man endeavours towards building machines that are capable of performing arithmetic operations more efficiently than he can do himself. These started with very primitive instruments but evolved over the course of time due to the accumulative knowledge of man kind. In the recent decades, many computer architectures exhibiting various design methodologies and computation models have been developed. One of the most widely accepted of which is von-Neumann architecture. The brilliant mathematician, John Louis von-Neumann (1903 1957) proposed in 1945 a model for a general purpose computer that provides programmability and re-programmability thanks to a memory structure that stores programs and data. This thesis introduces Micro6, A microprocessor that adopts vonNeumann architecture and is implemented on FPGA. In addition to that, the thesis presents a software development environment for Micro6. Micro6 exhibits the characteristics of a RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer). It has a small set of instructions and a limited number of addressing modes. Micro6 control unit follows the conventional model as opposed to the microprogrammed one. Micro6 can perform arbitrary computations on integer data but however, the size of the program is constrained by the size of the memory. An I/O Unit is attached to Micro6 which facilitates basic I/O as well as DMA (Direct Memory Access) transactions. Writing programs in high-level language like C is not supported by Micro6. However, this thesis introduces an assembler, known as VAS, that supports the assembly language of Micro6. The assembler output files can be used for both simulation and implementation purposes. VAS can be used to write programs that exploit almost all the microprocessor hardware resources. This is very important in the development stage.


Constraint programming is a research topic benefiting from many other areas: discrete mathematics, numerical analysis, artificial intelligence, operations research, and formal calculus. It has proven its interest and its efficiency in various domains: combinatorial optimization, scheduling, finance, simulation and synthesis, diagnosis, molecular biology, or geometrical problems. However, some limitations and difficulties remain: designing stable and generic algorithms, handling dynamic problems, opening constraint programming to non-specialists, etc. In this document, we advocate the use of explanations within constraint programming. Our aim is two-fold: drawing the big picture about explanations (definition, generation, management and use) and showing that they can help address several issues in constraint programming. We also introduce a new general explanation-based search technique that has been successfully used to design new efficient algorithms. Finally, current open issues and research topics in this field are presented.


Background There is stigma attached to the identification of residents carrying antimicrobial resistant organisms (ARO) in long term care homes, yet there is a need to collect data about their prevalence for public health surveillance and intervention purposes. Objective We conducted a point prevalence study to assess ARO rates in long term care homes in Ontario using a secure data collection system. Methods All long term care homes in the province were asked to provide colonization or infection counts for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) as recorded in their electronic medical records, and the number of current residents. Data was collected online during the October-November 2011 period using a Paillier cryptosystem that allows computation on encrypted data. Results A provably secure data collection system was implemented. Overall, 82% of the homes in the province responded. MRSA was the most frequent ARO identified at 3 cases per 100 residents, followed by ESBL at 0.83 per 100 residents, and VRE at 0.56 per 100 residents. The microbiological findings and their distribution were consistent with available provincial laboratory data reporting test results for AROs in hospitals. Conclusions We describe an ARO point prevalence study which demonstrated the feasibility of collecting data from long term care homes securely across the province and providing strong privacy and confidentiality assurances, while obtaining high response rates.


One hundred fifteen studies were conducted on 77 patients with malignancy in the following diagnostic categories: acute myelogenous leukemia (4) : lymphosarcoma cell leukemia ( 1) ; chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic crisis (2) ; chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2) ; chronic myelogenous leukemia (4) ; Hodgkin's disease ( 5 ) ; well-differentiated lymphomas (3) ; lymphoblastic lymphoma (1) ; lymphosarcoma (3) ; agnogenic myeloid metaplasia ( 1 ) ; DiGugliomo's syndrome (1 ) ; preleukemic (1 ) ; Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia ( 1 1 ; carcinoma of the breast (4 ) , stomach ( 2 ) , colon (21, lung (71, pancreas ( 3 1 , ovary ( 8 ) . uterus ( l ) , testes ( 3 ) , bladder ( l ) , renal (11, prostate (9) ; fibrosarcoma (2) : leiomyosarcoma ( 1 ) ; kaposis sarcoma ( 1 ) ; osteogenic sarcoma ( 1 ) ; melanoma ( 1 ) ; and hepatoma ( 1 ) , Thirteen patients were studied on 25 occasions while receiving antithrombotic therapy that consisted of anticoagulants and/or platelet function inhibitors. Heparin was administered in doses sufficient to prolong the recalcification time of whole blood to at least twice the baseline level 0.5 hr before the next dose. Coumarin dosage was regulated to maintain the thrombotest at 5-10% of normal. Dipyridamole was given in a total dose of 400 mg/day in four divided doses or as a daily combination of dipyridamole (100-200 mg) and 900 mg of acetylsalicylic acid. A second kinetic study was performed on 13 patients after a period of antitumor therapy. Such therapy was administered on the basis of known sensitivity to a drug or radiation by the underlying malignancy. Response to therapy was based on changes in tumor size by palpation, radiographic findings, or chemical analysis. '


An article describes an emphasis on aesthetics and humanisation of a public field in the waterside of the river Ostravice in the city of Ostrava and its surroundings. The aim of a project "The revitalization of the river "Ostravice" is to improve life conditions and to attract citizens and tourists to spend their free time there.


We have successfully implemented a multilevel programmable network resilience and security for Time-Shared Optical Networks (TSON). A SDN controller enables flexible control of FPGA-based network coding and encryption/decryption cores for secured and resilient TSON. © 2022 The Author(s)


This article attempts to explain the nature of advertising within the legal order in Spain and in Europe, with a view to understanding if it should be understood as public law or corporate law. For this, we realized an approximation of the concept of European and Spanish advertising and then examined the nature of advertising from a legal and jurisprudence perspective. Finally, we analyzed judicial insecurity within the different norms that include this terminology.


It has been a year since we began a socially distanced existence during the Covid pandemic. We are reminded that teachers have been teaching remotely for an entire year now, navigating new terrains, trying to find new and innovative tools to engage students, and holding loving and compassionate spaces for the emotional roller coaster that so many students, teachers, and families are experiencing. We have certainly been on what The Grateful Dead would call "a long strange trip" and we are tired, burned out, and at times hopeless. As Julia Ries' title in a recent article in the Huff Post states, It's not just you. A lot of us are hitting a pandemic wall right now (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/coronavirus-pandemic-wall-mental-health_l_ 601b3c9dc5b6c0af54d09ccb?utm_campaign=share_facebook&ncid=engmodushpmg00000003&fbclid=IwAR2FDa5JinH0aPYuCRNztELZ1I8NNLs_62RhuJZn6kJmsJvAaW3Uy_aVZzQ). Acknowledging the wall we are pushing up against, we asked ourselves what do we do in our personal and professional lives when we feel stagnant, spent, or done? How do we reenergize and renew ourselves? Where do we usually look for inspiration? What do we do to shake things up when many of our ideas for doing so are unsafe or non-existent? We are reminded that when we feel at a loss, our most powerful tools involve finding ways to see whatever is in front of us differently. That might mean taking a new walking route, listening to a different podcast or radio station, trying a new physical activity or hobby, or reading new research. In fact, Monica remembers that when she was writing her dissertation and would get stuck during her data analysis process, her advisor would tell her to go back to the literature to jumpstart a new way of thinking. In this issue, we ask readers to do the exact same thing. We offer a collection of articles that ask you to think differently about familiar topics, so that you consider new ways of thinking about them. At a time when our ability to change our perspective is limited, when we must sit within the same four walls day after day, we offer another way–of delving into the experiences of another and of changing and trying on a new lens in order to see teaching practices or assessments with fresh eyes. The pieces in this issue help us to make the familiar distant, to create space in our minds, for another way of being and doing. We begin the issue with pieces by several of our international authors. These global perspectives help us to reexamine, rethink, and renovate the ways in which we think about teaching. The first article by Bara and Fuentes invite us to critical examine the taken for granted conceptions of contemporary educational practice, of those who teach and those who learn and how they work together, using a communitarian lens. They contend that the stage where teaching and learning occurs has become overly focused on the technical tools of teaching— resources, techniques, strategies, and ways of thinking, which seem to distract from the process of teaching and learning. How instead can we quiet the noise and focus on helping students to discover their best selves? Next Vaďurová and Slepičková descriptively share the use of Global Storylines (GSL) in Czech primary schools. The GSL approach is an innovative model


The managerial decisions must be taken based on clear, concrete and usable information. The managerial activity involves correct and timely decision-making, this is only if the information based on which the managers act reflects the real activity of the company. This kind of information is provided by Lean Accounting, whose implementation within the company will increase the quality of the managerial decision. The article presents, in a comparative way, some situations where are emphasized the advantages of using Lean Accounting as basis for making decisions that lead to profit growth.


Specific IgM to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Infection in First Trimester Miscarriage with Seasonal Variation Eman M.Rasheed, lecturer, Department of Physiology College of Medicine, Al-Fallujah University Kadejah.K.Abdullah, lecturer, Microbiology department, College of Dentists, Anbar University. Yaseen Taha Sarhan, Lecturer, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine. Hammodi F Al-jumaily, Assistant professor, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine , Al-Fallujah University .


.Abstmcf ~ The idea of n new cnnimunicntion device a BninComputer Interface (BCI) for handicnppd penons is io record bioelectrical signals (EEC) on the intact scalp and use the cln%sificaiion of these signals for control or devices. This pnper discusses ongoing research in this neld and reports on a system developed in C m where EEC. i s used to control n cumor on n ntoniior in one dimension.


Indonesian migrant worker (PMI) issues have long been a source of endless public interest. The manner of parenting and education of PMI children is one of the issues that the program of the Indonesian government has not addressed. This study aims to analyze the problems faced by PMI children, relating to the fulfillment of their rights to proper care and education and to formulate strategies to overcome them. This study uses a qualitative approach with primary data collection using purposive sampling method in the provinces of East Java, West Java, West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara. The results showed that PMI's children's education problems could strategically be overcome by parenting and education in mutual cooperation by involving caregivers/educational actors from the informal, non-formal and formal education sectors. The government needs to continue to encourage collaboration and synergy of stakeholders involved in the care and education of PMI children from the government, private sector and community leaders/organizations. Problems that need to be addressed are also related to the provision of PMI children's data, so that they can be accessed easily in order to facilitate the planning of programs for handling PMI children's education problems.


This paper describes the techniques for tracking nonrigid object moving in a complex scene. The improvement incorporates that both location and orientation information are used in model-matching and model-updating process. In this paper, we also propose a highly efficient searching strategy of locating object in an image. Results indicate that these techniques can perform well in complex conditions such as moving background and moving camera.


Commercial search systems have recently begun using entity cards to support their ranked results lists. In this work, we propose an automated method for entity card building. We model this problem as a learning to rank approach applied to entity attributes. We introduce a new set of features that utilizes semantic information about entities as well as information from top-ranked documents using a generic search engine. The entity label is submitted as a search query to a general search engine and the top ranked documents are used to add context to the ranking process. The ranking model identifies and ranks the most important attributes (facts) of an entity. In order to experiment with our approach, we initially collected a dataset by exploiting Wikipedia infoboxes, whose ordering of attributes reflects the collaborative effort of a large community of Wikipedia users. Moreover, we are currently conducting a crowd-sourcing experiment to build a human labeled ground truth for our dataset. Our preliminary results demonstrate that our approach effectively replicates human ranking.


Puzzle problem is an important problem in mathematics and has implications in Artificial Intelligence especially in gaming. The work presented reviews the previous attempts to solve this problem. A formal definition of the problem has been presented. The reason why it is considered as NP hard problem and why Genetic Algorithms (GAs) is applied has been explained. The work here by presents a GAs based algorithm to solve N - Puzzle problem. The algorithm has been analyzed and it is a sturdy belief that the presented algorithm has complexity better than most of the works studied. The work is a part of larger endeavor to solve all NP Hard problems by GAs.


Hidden danger of food safety is always one of the important factors causing food price fluctuation. Once some kind of food occurs large scale of safety incident, its price is bound to be impacted. To analyze the view above by example, this study analyzed impact effect of clenbuterol event on the market price of pork using method of relative price with a substitute. The results demonstrated that, relative price of pork and beef was in a co-integration relationship before clenbuterol event occurred; the first structural breakpoint appeared half year after CCTV reported clenbuterol event and the second one occurred in April, 2012, indicating the impact effect of clenbuterol event to market price lasted for half year. Evaluation of price impact effect by error correction model indicated that, the price of pork lowered 30.3% averagely in that period, while the price of its substitute beef tended to be higher, with an amplification of 8.2%.


In order to analyze EM scattering from objects within a half space fast and efficiently under the background of complex calculation of half space Green's functions, the adaptive cross approximation (ACA) has been applied, due to its nature of Green's function independence. When the object is naturally split into two parts by the interface of the half space, two different mesh densities are required according to the high contrast of the two background materials, and two multilevel trees need to be set up individually, where a uniform discretization system is more preferable. Therefore, to overcome the complex discretization system mentioned above and reduce the number of unknowns to decrease the expensive computationally cost of Sommerfeld integrals, higher order hierarchical basis functions have been introduced. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed hybrid method.


This study aims to aim to determine the influence of service quality factors on customer satisfaction at PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kupang Branch either partially or simultaneously. The number of samples taken in this study amounted to 50 respondents. The method used to test the hypothesis is to perform the t-test and F-test procedures. Based on the data from the research results, it can be concluded that the service quality factors that have a significant effect on customer satisfaction partially are reliability and empathy. While simultaneously, service quality has a significant effect on customer satisfaction


The shin-sanba, or medical 'new-midwife' who emerged during the Meiji period (1868-1912) in Japan seems, looked at from the present, to have successfully replaced the 'old-midwife' (kyu-sanba) and the increasingly criminalised 'non-licensed midwife' (mumenkyo-sanba), while midwifery was constantly developing as a modern medical profession. This paper suggests that the history of the midwife during the modern time was more complex than what we see today. First, the emergence and prosperity of shin-sanba were specific to the historical contingencies of modern Japan and the interplay of various groups of historical actors - hygiene officers, sankai (obstetrician-gynaecologists), other midwives, and 'clients'. Second, through the course of the modern period, shin-sanba did not replace other types of midwives and in fact, different kinds of midwives did coexist. Finally, the existence and status of midwives greatly depended upon the laissez faire medical market, and the market's realities often contradicted the medical rhetoric that favoured shin-sanba over other kinds of midwives.


Rights: © 2012 American Physical Society (APS). This is the accepted version of the following article: Uppstu, Andreas & Saloriutta, Karri & Harju, Ari & Puska, Martti J. & Jauho, Antti-Pekka. 2012. Electronic transport in graphene-based structures: An effective cross-section approach. Physical Review B. Volume 85, Issue 4. 041401/1-5. ISSN 1550-235X (electronic). DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.85.041401, which has been published in final form at http://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.041401.


The invention relates to a sealing structure of a wire inlet hole, which is used for sealing a clearance between a wire inlet hole (110) and a wire cable (200). The sealing structure of the wire inlet hole comprises a filler (300) and a pressing component, wherein the filler (300) is arranged in the wire inlet hole (110), the middle of the filler (300) is provided with a through hole (310), the wire cable (200) penetrates through the filler (300), and the pressing component is arranged at the open end of the wire inlet hole (110) and presses the filler (300) into the wire inlet hole (110) so as to enable the filler (300) to be deformed; one end of the filler (300) contacts with the pressing component, and the other end of the filler (300) supports against the end face of an internal cavity of the wire inlet hole (110). The invention also relates to an explosion-proof lamp adopting the sealing structure of the wire inlet hole. The invention omits a glue sealing process and the curing time of sealing glue, reduces the assembly man-hour, and has more reliable sealing quality by the fixation and the pressing of the pressing component, and simple and easy replacement, and simple operation because the sealing effect can be regulated by regulating the pressing degree of the pressing component.


a2V‐ATPase is the a2 isoform of vacuolar ATPase and is expressed in human trophoblast cells. a2V‐ATPase resides as a 70‐kDa molecule in intracellular vesicles. Upon cell stimulation, it migrates to the surface as a 50‐kDa molecule, after a 20‐kDa portion [N‐terminus domain of the a2V‐ATPase (a2NTD)] is cleaved and secreted to the extracellular environment. Previous studies showed that a2NTD‐regulated cytokine production from stimulated T cells. The aim of this study was to determine if a2NTD can regulate cytokine production from immune cells that were in contact with JEG‐3 cells.


5-Sodium sulfo bis-(hydroxyethyl) isophthalate(SIPE) was synthesized by the transesterification of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid dimethyl ester (SIPM) with ethylene glycol(EG) in the presence of catalyst at certain temperature. The ester exchanging rate was determined by HPLC. The effects of catalysts, the ratio of EG/SIPM and reaction time on the ester exchanging rate of SIPE were studied.


Real-time rendering of large terrains has several important applications. Hence, many methods have been devised to solve this problem. The main challenge for such methods is to deal with a large terrain dataset and maintain interactive frame rates. In this paper, we propose a level-of-detail (LOD) based multi-threaded multi-context method that works on two separate activities. Each activity is assigned to its own CPU thread and GPU context. The LOD hierarchy is constructed on the GPU context of the errors activity and stored as a 2D texture map. This texture map is used by the blocks rendering activity via its CPU thread to initiate the rendering process by sending different terrain blocks as translation and scaling parameters to its GPU context, which uses a reusable single shared vertex and index buffer to render the required block based on the passed parameters and the height-field texture. The results show that the proposed method achieves high interactive frame rates at guaranteed very small screen-space errors.


Stone Materials Information System use ActionScript to connect SQLite database. Information of stone materials, transaction, customer, employee can be stored by system. Several database tables are created in the system. Functions are used to complete data modification operations. Stone Materials Information System provides convenience for stone material transactions between the manufacturer and the customer.


The neutrinos emitted from supernovae contain information about the physics of stellar collapse and of the nature of the neutrinos themselves. Several large detectors exist that will be capable of observing some subset of those neutrinos. In addition, we have designed OMNIS, the Observatory for Multiflavour NeutrInos from Supernovae. OMNIS will detect the neutrinos from (a) neutral-current interactions from ?e, ??, , ?? and , and (b) charged-current interactions from high-momentum ?e, with lead nuclei. It will utilize two types of detectors: (1) lead slabs alternating with vertical planes of neutron detectors, in which neutrons produced by neutrino?lead interactions will be detected, and (2) lead perchlorate, in which both the resulting neutrons and Cerenkov light will be detected. OMNIS will measure neutrino masses below 100 eV, provide new information on MSW or vacuum oscillations from ??/?? to ?e, especially to ?13, and possibly diagnose the process of collapse to a black hole. It will observe the late-time evolution of the neutrino distributions, and possibly see predicted late-time effects, e.g. a phase transition from neutron-star matter to kaon-condensed matter or quark matter. OMNIS is also sensitive to some modes of nucleon decay that should make it possible to improve significantly on present limits for those modes. Of crucial importance to OMNIS is an experiment, using neutrinos from a stopped pion beam, to determine the flavour and energy-dependent response of lead to neutrinos. This will provide important input into cross section calculations for which few data currently exist. We plan to perform this experiment using one of the lead perchlorate detector modules from OMNIS.


Artificial Intelligence problems, ranging form planning/scheduling up to game control, include an essential crucial step: describing a model which accurately defines the problem's required data, requirements, allowed transitions and established goals. The ways in which a model can fail are numerous and often lead to a failure of search strategies to provide a quick, optimal, or even any solution. This paper proposes using SMT (Satisfiability Modulo Theories) solvers, such as Z3, to check the validity of a model. We propose two tests: checking whether a final(goal) state exists in the model's described problem space and checking whether the transitions described can provide a path from the identified initial states to any the goal states (meaning a solution has been found). The advantage of using an SMT solver for AI model checking is that they substitute actual search strategies and they work over an abstract representation of the model, that is, a set of logical formulas. Reasoning at an abstract level is not as expensive as exploring the entire solution space. SMT solvers use efficient decision procedures which provide proofs for the logical formulas corresponding to the AI model. A recent addition to Z3 allowed us to describe sequences of transitions as a recursive function, thus we can check if a solution can be found in the defined model.


Andrzej Radziminski1 presents the various conditions and factors that infl uenced the disintegration of the cathedral chapter groups in medieval Poland. Their coherence was threatened by the accumulation of prebends, due to which the richest prelates and canons being in possession of them in a few cathedral or collegiate chapters did not take residence in any of them, staying at one or another only for a short time and not even appearing at general chapters. Among the best endowed members of chapters were above all those remaining in the service of the king – in his chancellery, while chapter prebends were the main source of their income. They were not eager to take major orders, and obtained from the pope a dispensation of this obligation. Radziminski also draws attention to the fact that chapters were a kind of 'temporary refuge' for the gentry. Indeed, the sons of the gentry received the minor orders and were free to choose their career, ready to leave the ministry in the case they were bound to prolong their family after the death of a brother, or, as we may surmise, in view of receiving a high civil offi ce from the king. A large number of chapter members without priestly ordination were exempted from some liturgical and pastoral obligations, above all from saying the Mass, but also deprived of many material privileges: the quotidian distribution, or some part of it, and the right to the possession of prestimonial villages. Andrzej Radziminski also does not forget to recall that from as early as the 13th century various chapters gave up exacting the canons' obligation of performing the Liturgy of the Hours,


Teaching Children to Read (TCR) has stirred much controversy among reading experts regarding the efficacy of phonics instruction. This report, which was conducted by the National Reading Panel (NRP), has also played an important role in subsequent federal policy regarding reading instruction. Using meta-analysis, the NRP found that systematic phonics instruction was more effective than alternatives in teaching children to read. In the present study, the findings and procedures leading to TCR were examined. We concluded that the methodology and procedures in TCR were not adequate for synthesizing the research literature on phonics instruction. Moreover, we estimated a smaller though still substantial effect (d = .24) for systematic phonics, but we also found an effect for systematic language activities (d = .29) and tutoring (d = .40). Systematic phonics instruction when combined with language activities and individual tutoring may triple the effect of phonics alone. As federal policies are formulated around early literacy curricula and instruction, these findings indicate that phonics, as one aspect of the complex reading process, should not be over-emphasized.


Livestock is a dominant agricultural activity in Africa, which is generally considered a key asset for most rural livelihoods and food security. This discussion is a synthesis of counter productive gender disparities in livestock production, focusing on issues of ownership, decision making and access to productive resources, and how these may influence livestock production. Livestock production in general, offers advantages over other agricultural activities and has been used as an entry point for promoting gender balance. However, the contribution of livestock production to household welfare in most cases has been insignificant due to various gender disparities. There are many measures which need to be explored with the aim of making the livestock systems become driving forces of rural household economies. Through the 'gender lens' the discussion also examines the roles, activities, responsibilities, opportunities and constraints of women in livestock production which compromise the achievement of greater equality between women and men within their spheres of interaction in household livestock production. One of the major factors responsible for the declining livestock productivity in rural areas is the relegation to the background of the contributions of women in the issues of livestock production. In this discussion, some of the strategic steps that can be adopted for future viable livestock production, include and not limited to the following: promotion of gender equality and equity in livestock production


Background: Stroke is a major public health and clinical problem that represents the third leading cause of disease worldwide among adult non-communicable diseases. Stroke in the developing world is becoming a leading cause of death from infectious diseases that affects mainly adults and adult disability. Ischemic stroke is the most common form of strokes approximately about 80%–85% of all strokes in nature. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Felege-Hiwot Referral Hospital among 232 ischemic stroke patients who started treatment between September 2014 and August 2016. Information on relevant variables was collected from adult ischemic stroke patients paper based medical cards and registries. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test used to compare the survival time of different category of predictors, and Cox's regression model employed to identify the effect of covariates on the survival time of ischemic stroke patients. Results: A total of 232 adult ischemic stroke, patients were included in the study. Out of the total 232 individuals, 69(29.74%) died and the remaining 163(70.26%) were censored at the end of follow-up period. Based on Cox proportional hazards regression model, age (AHR =1.015, CI: 1.001 – 1.0304), diabetes (AHR=0.353, CI: 0.1938– 0.643), hypertension (AHR =0.607, 95% CI:1.003–1.0053), structural heart disease (AHR =2.231, 95% CI: 1.158 – 4.593), and history of previous ischemic stroke(AHR=1.84, 95% CI: 1.088 – 3.113) were significantly associated with the mortality of adult ischemic stroke patients. Conclusion: Based on the Cox Proportional Hazards regression model the following prognostic factors, age, diabetes, hypertension, structural heart disease, fibrillation, and history of previous ischemic stroke were the risk factors for survival time of ischemic stroke patients.


Cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ), which crystallizes in the fluorite structure, has been studied by high-pressure Raman spectroscopy with use of a diamond anvil cell, up to 35 GPa. The pressure shift of the first-order fluorite Raman peak (F 2g ) and the shifts of several second-order features were measured. The Gruneisen parameter for the F 2g mode (465 cm -1 ) is obtained as γ=1.44 and for the F 1u (ω LO=585 cm -1 ) as γ=1.5; the latter from the 2ω LO shift in the second-order spectrum. Near 31 GPa, a phase transition occurs and six new Raman peaks appear. By comparison with the high-pressure phases of alkaline-earth difluorides, the high-pressure phase is believed to be of the PbCl 2 -type structure. The high-pressure phase is found to be metastable over a 20-GPa interval, but completely reverses on releasing pressure.


The field emission (FE) properties of randomly distributed free-standing Cu and Ni nanowires on thin metallic substrates were measured. The wires were grown in the etched ion-tracked pores of polycarbonate membranes with various diameters of 120-330 nm, lengths of 8-18 mum and number densities of 106-108 emitters/cm2. The emission site density and current distribution of the nanowire cathodes were measured with the field emission scanning microscope (FESM) at about 10-7 Pa. All samples showed similar onset fields for 1 nA of some V/mum but rather different emission uniformity. At 5 V/mum the free standing Cu and Ni nanowires provided less than 4times104 emitters/cm2 , while the bundled Cu and Au-coated Ni nanowires yielded more than 105 emitters/cm2. For the latter sample about 1.6times106 emitters/cm2 were found at 18 V/mum, i.e. about than 10 % of the nanowires emitted


The purpose of this study is to determine criteria of split ICSI in which half of oocytes were inseminated by ICSI and half by conventional IVF. Six hundreds eighty-two couples who experienced the first assisted reproductive technology in our clinic were enrolled in the study. Pregnancy rate in couples with fertilization rate (FR) less than 30% was significantly lower than that in couples with FR exceeding 50%. FR in couples with oligozoospermia (sperm count < 20 × 106/ml) (50.0~53.8%) was significantly lower than that in couples with normozoospermia (65.0~79.5%). FR in couples with sperm motility rate less than 20% (0~29.6%) were significantly lower than that in couples with motility rate exceeding 20% (66.8~76.8%). Infertile couples with oligozoospermic semen or low sperm motility rate (<20%) should be treated by split ICSI rather than by IVF.


Active treatment of renal angiomyolipomas was historically recommended when tumors measured greater than 4 cm or grew rapidly because of the risk of hemorrhage. However, contemporary data suggests that some larger renal angiomyolipomas can also be managed safely with active surveillance.


Developing efficient speech processing systems for low-resource languages is an immensely challenging
problem. One potentially effective approach to address the lack of resources for any particular language, is to employ data from multiple languages for building speech processing sub-systems. This thesis investigates possible methodologies for Spoken Term Detection (STD) from low-
resource Indian languages. The task of STD intend to search for a query keyword, given in text form, from a considerably large speech database. This is usually done by matching templates of feature vectors, representing sequence of phonemes from the query word and the continuous speech from the database. Typical set of features used to represent speech signals in most of the speech processing systems are the mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC). As speech is a very complexsignal, holding information about the textual message, speaker identity, emotional and health state of the speaker, etc., the MFCC features derived from it will also contain information about all these factors. For eficient template matching, we need to neutralize the speaker variability in features and stabilize them to represent the speech variability alone.


We performed an optical spectroscopy measurement on single crystals of Na2Ti2Sb2O, which is a parent compound for the newly discovered Ti-based superconductors. The study reveals a significant spectral change across the phase transition at 114 K and formation of a density wave type energy gap. The opening of the gap removes most of the free carrier spectral weight and causes a dramatic reduction in the carrier scattering rate. The ratio of 2 Delta/k(B)T(s) approximate to 14 is considerably larger than the mean-field value based on the weak-coupling BCS theory. The study also reveals a weak correlation effect in the titanium oxypnictides. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.100507


Assessment of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is one of the cornerstones of the echocardiographic evaluation and is the principal echocardiographic measure used to guide treatment and clinical decision-making in hear failure (HF) patients.1 While reduced LVEF was once considered the hallmark of HF, more recently, the landscape of HF has reformed to also include HF with mid-range reduced LVEF and HF with preserved LVEF (HFpEF). Yet regardless of LVEF, HF patients have a dim prognosis.2 Patients within these different HF groups differ with respect to clinical characteristics, with one notable feature being the distribution of men and women.2,3 Studies have not only reported a higher proportion of women in HFpEF, but the PARAGON-HF trial also suggested differential treatment effects with respect to sex, with women deriving greater benefit than men.4 Furthermore, gender-specific cardiac remodelling in the development of HFpEF is well established.5 The underlying reason for these gender-specific findings are unclear, but a better understanding of sex-specific characteristics could help guide management through a more detailed risk stratification. In this issue of the journal, Stewart et al.6 investigated the association between sex-specific characteristics of systolic function with outcome. Based on the National Echocardiography Database of Australia (NEDA) they investigated approximately half a million subjects referred for echocardiography, with the specific purpose of exploring the sex-specific association of different LVEF strata with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related death. They present several key findings. First, the authors showed that a stepwise decrease in LVEF below 60% was associated with an increased risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular-related death in both men and women. This is consistent with current knowledge from HF studies, including the CHARM programme.7


Abstract Digital storytelling as part of study creates an opening for reworking ideas. It marks an instance of recognition to access alternative ways of knowing, thinking, and doing. Guided by radical black studies and decolonizing methodologies, the authors draw on insights from digital storytelling to extend current understandings of educational research, theory, and practice. The connections across five digital stories are highlighted through a retrospective analysis of educational journeys to and beyond doctoral study. The digital stories are presented in a series of plateaus to (1) challenge the constraints of academic writing and (2) signal methodological openings in collective restorying. To that end, the authors unravel processes of becoming, trouble the pedagogical encounters in their work, and push for otherwise possibilities to make room for the not-yet.


How to supervise and restrict the act of detection in the criminal procedure is still a problem in the judicial reality of China.It is hard to solve this problem just in the limits of criminal procedure.As we perfect the criminal procedure and the legal system,the person concerned should be endued with the right of administrative litigation,and judicial review should be used through the administrative litigation.


Frege carried the logicism creed,at the same time,he hold up the banner of the anti-psychological at first on the history,and resolutely repelled the psychological factor in logic.It resulted on a very far-reaching impact to the development of modern logic,and leading to a trend of objective logic.However,in his anti-psychological logic,there are still many difficult issues.Contemporary logic,psychology and cognitive science development across,it prompted us to rethink the relationship of logic and psychology.


Abstract Age-hardenable Al-Zn-Mg alloys have been studied by positron lifetime, Doppler broadening and angular correlation measurements. Zinc-rich Guinier-Preston zones in the Al-Zn alloy are observed to trap positrons. In the quenched alloys containing magnesium, positrons are localized at stable vacancy-type defects, which are evidently bound to Mg atoms. Some indications of positron trapping by incoherent precipitate-matrix interfaces are also shown.


This article reviewed some theories, numbering twelve, that are applicable to consumer behaviour research. It evaluated the scientific theoretical approach to the verifiability and reliability of the marketing concepts as guards against bias, preservation and prejudice. The article also appraised the applicability of cognitive dissonance, learning, sociological, cognitive, role, income, perception, uses and gratification, social exchange, psychoanalysis, attention and recognition-by-components theories to the analyses in consumer behaviour science. The article concluded that the selected theories have predictive power: when outcomes are perceived to be greater, individuals disclose more. The theoretical propositions with the theories are consistent with each other. These theories generate new hypotheses, therefore expanding the range of potential knowledge and embellishing existing knowledge.


ABSTRACT This paper explains the Islamic expansion in Greater Senegambia in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries from an Atlantic perspective. It discusses the spread of the Islamic faith in West Africa and its diasporic continuities in Portugal and the New Kingdom of Granada (present-day Colombia) based on African oral traditions, scholarship from Africa and the Americas, chronicles, letters, and reports by European missionaries, travelers, traders, bureaucrats, and Inquisitorial and canonical prosecutions. The Islamic concept of da'wa, I argue, enabled Islamic preachers to reach out to a wide range of Senegambians before the Muslim revolutions. This expansion can be seen in the diaspora, primarily Wolof, and in the restraints imposed by African Muslims on Christian missionaries in Africa and the Americas. The knowledge produced in qur'anic schools was essential to Islamic social expansion, the preservation of Islamic belief in the diaspora, and the political orchestration that led to the jihads.


Honestly, my situation is making me feel helpless.
Yesterday (4/7/2016) I brought my 2002 Jeep Grand Cherokee Laredo to Byer's Jeep yesterday to simply have 2


A wide range of airborne substances can cause respiratory problems for asthma sufferers. These include bacteria and their components, which can trigger inflammation. How they become airborne has not been fully explained up to now. A science team from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU) has shown that pollen from the mugwort plant is the main vector for bacteria and that this combination renders the pollen more potent in susceptible people. This, however, is not the case in certain Alpine regions such as Davos.


Several drugs in the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics are known to interfere with the metabolism of theophylline. This report, based on data from the Food and Drug Administration's Spontaneous Reporting System, …


A new sulphonamide resistant (SR) C[ratio ]15[ratio ]P1.7,16 meningococcal strain, a variant of the ET-5 clone, dominated in an outbreak of 22 cases in western Norway commencing in 1995. The first eight patients were 15–21 years old from the Nordhordland area, initiating a carrier study in the local high schools. Carriage of SR serogroup C meningococci was detected by routine methods and treated with a single dose of ofloxacin 400 mg. Of 20 treated carriers, 14 harboured the outbreak strain C[ratio ]15[ratio ]P1.7,16. Vaccination of 4000 children, adolescents and close contacts of patients was also performed. After the intervention, 14 additional cases of meningococcal disease occurred, 8 due to the outbreak strain. However, incidence rates dropped from 180 to 30 per 100000 per year in the student population, but increased from 0 to 13 in the rest of the population in Nordhordland. Carriage eradication is not generally recommended in Norway. However, tracing and treating meningococcal carriage may have reduced transmission and disease in this outbreak situation.


Background: City Logistics is experiencing many innovative activities in the recent years. These activities are initiated and enhanced by numerous public and private actors, who jointly f ...


An inducible dynein heavy chain 1b mutant reveals that robust retrograde intraflagellar transport is required for flagellar assembly and function but not the maintenance of flagellar length.


We consider an inventory model with a supplier offering discounts to a reseller at random epochs. The offer is accepted when the inventory position is lower than a threshold level. We compare three different pricing policies in which demand is induced by the resellers price variation. Policy 1 is the EOQ policy without discount offers. Policy 2 is a uniform price, stock-independent policy. Policy 3 is a stock level-dependent, discriminated price policy. Assuming constant demand rates, expressions are obtained for the optimal order quantities, prices, and profits. The numerical experiments show that if it is better to accept a suppliers discount, then it benefits the reseller to transfer the discount to downstream customers.


The experience of screening of 472 UK family planning patients for Chlamydia trachomatis at the time of their scheduled cervical smear suggests that such screening should become routine. In this particular series the incidence of chlamydial infection was 9.1% in women under 30 years of age and 8.0% in the sample as a whole (up to age 35 years). The incidence was highest in the 21-25-year age group and in users of barrier methods of contraception and the pill. 5% of the 379 asymptomatic subjects were positive for chlamydia. Vaginal discharge and genital warts were the symptoms most commonly associated with a positive diagnosis. Of the 3 methods of chlamydia detection assessed-- culture immunofluorescent antigen straining and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA)--the ELISA test was most sensitive (96% of cases identified). A cost-benefit analysis further supports the feasibility of routine chlamydia screening. The costs of not screening include consultations and treatment for undiagnosed pelvic pain and menstrual irregularity hospital admissions for chlamydia cases that progress to pelvic inflammatory disease or lead to ectopic pregnancies and expensive infertility investigations and treatments. The cost- effectiveness can be improved by targeting screening to women at greatest risk--those under 35 years of age.


The interaction between Thermal-modified Bentontine and amononiac nitrogen wastewater is researched.It test some factors for the affecting absorption: Thermal-modified Bentontine type,dose,temperature,pH value and the concentrade of amononiac nitrogen in wastewater,studies found Thermal-modified Bentontine absorption effect is better than fly ash.the result shows that using 5g 3hermal-modfied,Temperature bellow 300 degree's Bentontine to dispose 100mL Amononiac Nitrogen wastewater (its concentrate is 160mg/L.) after 40 miniters.It has a high affect and reaches the nation discharge-standard(15mg/L).


As the emphasis on developing students' communicative abilities has increased in both junior and senior high schools, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Task-based Language Learning (TBL) have been attracting attention. However, in the Japanese EFL situation where there are insufficient opportunities for input or output, and in which many students learn English for academic purposes, CLT and TBL are not always successful. Thus teachers are obliged to create teaching approaches suitable to their situations. This paper proposes pragmatic and eclectic teaching approaches in the Japanese learning context.


The dimensionality of face image is high very much. It has a lot of difficulty in face recognition. In this paper, first, the nonlinear dimensionality reduction algorithm Isomap is applied in face image. On this basis, the concepts of vector membership function and membership degree in fuzzy mathematics are introduced, it is presented that the fuzzy matching for a nonlinear function between input and output can be realized by using three rulers (two point rulers and one slope ruler). The affinity between two memberships can be used for assessment to the linearity of the matched curve. The polynomial fuzzy matching based on three rulers algorithm is applied in face recognition. Experimental results show that the recognition algorithm is feasible and has good recognition capability.


This paper describes a new heuristic search algorithm with modifiable estimate.This algorithm uses the information gathered by node expansions to improve theheuristic estimate and so it keeps the so called'consistency assumption'holding on thesearch tree constantly.The new algorithm is admissible and it reduces the worst casecomplexity of search from O(N~2)of algorithm B′(L.Mero,1984)to its O(N).(N isthe size of the searched graph.)In the other part of the paper,a comparison between algorithm B' and the newalgorithm is made.


. It is shown that, under some very mild conditions, maximum likelihood estimates of gravity model parameters exist and are unique (up to a scale transformation for some parameters). An algorithm for finding such estimates is also proposed.


The issue of class struggle is very important in the National Revolution.Kuomintang had profound and precise knowledge about this issue.But they still claimed against the class struggle.Otherwise,since the first national congress of Kuomintang,under the policy of helping peasants and workers,the public was extensively mobilized to enter the National Revolution.Set the peasant mobilization as an example,a large number of class struggle was there,and class struggle had been a powerful weapon as the grassroots administrative staff of Kuomintang organized and mobilized the peasants.With the National Revolution pushing on,the class struggle got further development,too.Class struggle became the great help for Kuomintang to fight against counter-revolutionary with the slogan of defeating the tyrants and evil gentry.But with the development of the National Revolution,Kuomintang changed the attitude towards class struggle.They actually stood a station of against the worker-peasant class,carrying out the class struggle of against worker-peasant class.This change of Kuomintang had deep historical origin.It related to the knowledge about class struggle of Kuomintang,and the profound reason was the change of the position where to stand.


To establish an unambiguous source of accountability, a semi-presidential constitution can either allow the president to dominate government formation and dissolve the parliament without a prior vote of no confidence being passed or it can reverse the arrangement of these powers. Accordingly, Taiwan is an unusual case of semi-presidentialism because the president can unilaterally appoint the premier but cannot actively dissolve the parliament, so the electorate is seldom called upon to evaluate the responsibility of the constitutional agents in a snap election. Vote-trading theory offers a reasonable explanation for this puzzling situation by showing how seemingly unconnected issues can be voted on as a package. In Taiwan, the choice of presidential powers was complicated by the sovereignty issue, leading the reformers of the constitution to deny the legislature the power to confirm the president's appointment of the premier in exchange for downsizing the Taiwan Provincial Government. This is exactly what vote-trading theory foresees: votes on different issues may be traded if no "pivot" finds the status quo to be his/her favorite option. By demonstrating how the linking of unconnected issues can obstruct institutional design, vote-trading theory expands our understanding of constitutional choice.


Flaxseed plants are widely grown globally due to the beneficial seed oil derivatives for human and animal consumption and other industrial uses. However, plentiful flaxseed straws are annually burnt after the harvesting of seeds, lacking utilization of the abundant flaxseed fibers, resulting in wastage of a valuable fiber resource and drastic increase in environmental pollution. In this study, initially the chemical composition and mechanical property of flaxseed fiber bundle were investigated, which resulted as 40.11% cellulose, 28.27% hemi-cellulose, 15.08% lignin, 6.3% pectin, 3.1% wax, and the tensile strength of 1.14 cN/dTex. The surface modification treatment was carried out with concentrations of 10 g/L and 20 g/L sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Later, flaxseed fiber bundles reinforced Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) resin composites were fabricated by thermal compression method. The tensile strength of untreated flaxseed fiber bundle/PBS composites was 78.2 MPa, while the flexural strength of 20 g/L NaOH treated flaxseed fiber bundle/PBS composites showed 84% increment from 26.70 MPa to 49.16 MPa. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed significantly rougher surface morphology and stronger interfacial bonding of the alkali treated fiber bundles with matrix. The good mechanical properties observed demonstrated the absolute potential of resultant composites reinforced by flaxseed fiber bundles for utilization in the civil and industrial applications.


This thesis presents an example-based approach for learning visual concepts that encode the properties of an image class. Extracted concepts are simple relational templates that capture the color and spatial properties of the class. We show that for a range of image classes, simple representations/concepts that encode the properties of a small set of image regions and relations between them can be learned from a small set of examples. We also show that (1) the learned concept often captures the set of salient properties and relations that define the image class and (2) these learned representations are sufficient to detect a variety of image classes efficiently and reliably (with few false positives). Such class detectors can be used for applications such as (a) image database retrieval and (b) object detection and localization.
In this thesis we explore an automatic way to extract "visual concepts" from a few example images which can be used in content-based image retrieval. We adapt the Multiple Instance Learning paradigm as a way of modeling the ambiguity in images and learning "visual concepts" to classify new images. In this framework, a user labels an image as positive if the image contains the concept. Each example image is a bag of instances (sub-images) where only the bag is labeled—not the individual instances (sub-images). From a small collection of positive and negative examples, the system learns the concept and uses it to retrieve images that contain the concept from a large database.
We also describe a matching technique that uses one-dimensional warps of simple templates to detect and localize objects while allowing for clutter and pose variations. The method recovers three of the six degrees of freedom of motion (2 translation, 1 rotation), and accommodates two more degrees of freedom in the search process (1 rotation, 1 translation). (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)


Purpose: Osteoarthritis is a common locomotor disorder affecting many older people and has become a growing public health problem. Adherence to exercise is a key to the successful recovery of patients but is often a major problem for older adults with osteoarthritis. The proposed pilot study is aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptance of an interactive computer assisted physical therapy prototype for aging adults with osteoarthritis. Methodology: The prototype comprised of a laptop, a wireless keypad, and software designed to deliver customized exercise plans for each participant as prescribed by their physical therapists. Each participant used a wireless keypad as a remote control to navigate through the software that provided exercise instructions in the form of text and videos. Fifteen participants were enrolled in the study during their regular visit to an outpatient physical therapy center. They were provided with a 15‐minute instruction session first, then they were asked to use the system unassisted. Results: Ninety percent of the patients expressed no difficulty in using the prototype system in this study. All participants fully understood the instructions given by the exercise videos and expressed their intention to use the system unassisted at home. Conclusion: The presented computer‐assisted physical therapy prototype may play an important role in the management of musculoskeletal conditions in patients that require home based exercise therapy. Further research is warranted to evaluate the impact of the proposed computerized therapy system on patients with various musculoskeletal conditions.


Arthur Getis is Distinguished Professor of Geography Emeritus at San Diego State University. He has been president of several academic societies including the Western Regional Science Association (WRSA) and the University Consortium for Geographical Information Sciences (UCGIS). He has published papers with Keith Ord on the creation and development of local statistics, and books with Barry Boots on spatial pattern analysis. He has developed spatial clustering algorithms and filtering techniques. He has edited the Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis (with Manfred Fischer). In addition, he has received the Walter Isard Distinguished Scholarship award and the Founder's Medal of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI), and Distinguished Scholarship honors from the Association of American Geographers. He is a fellow of the WRSA, the RSAI, and UCGIS.


OBJECTIVE
To study the Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) with cold agglutinin disease (CAD) and inquire into its diagnosis and treatment.

METHODS
3 report of cases and literature were reviewed.

RESULTS
Accompanying with hemolysis and microcirculatory retardation, 3 patients with acute respiratory infection were finally diagnosed MP with CAD. Antimicrobial therapy and plasmapheresis showed favorable effect.

CONCLUSIONS
MP patients would be highly suspected to be associated with CAD, if accompanying with hemolysis and microcirculatory retardation. Laboratory examinations are helpful for diagnosis. On the basis of combined therapy, plasmapheresis is effective.


Questionnaires, including the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), have been used to assess the severity of urinary incontinence in clinical trials. However, the summed score derived from the IIQ does not have any inherent clinical meaning. Also, a summed score does not have interval properties, complicating the interpretation of changes in severity. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that incontinence‐related disability is a measurable variable and that the IIQ can measure that variable accurately.


This species is widely distributed in southern Australia and common throughout its range. It is a relatively large species and is common on rocky bottoms in depths to about 60 m. Although fished recreationally and commercially, and is a bycatch of giant crab and rock lobster trap fishery, no species-specific catch data are available. Overall, this species does not appear to be threatened and is listed as Least Concern.


The energies,equilibrium geometries and harmonic frequencies of the ground state X1Σ+g,the second excited state B1Σ+u and the third degenerate excited state C1Πu of molecule D2 have been calculated using the methods SAC/SAC-CI with the basis sets D95++**,6-311++g** and cc-PVTZ.Comparing the three basis sets above-mentioned,the conclusion is gained that the basis set cc-PVTZ is the most suitable for the energy calculation of molecule D2.The whole potential curves for these three electronic states are further scanned adopting SAC/cc-PVTZ method for the ground state and SAC-CI/cc-PVTZ method for the excited states,then a least square is applied to fit the Murrell-Sorbie function.Therefor,the analysis formulas of potential energy function are also obtained for the corresponding electronic state.The spectroscopy constants are calculated,and the results were in better agreement with experimental data.


The main aim of the work is determination of numerical and numerical-analytical methods of evaluation of fatigue strength and life of geared tooth considering tooth breakage phenomenon. The discussed tasks were performed using the following tools: dual boundary element method, BEASY package as well as fracture mechanics


Mycobacterium chelonae is a rapidly growing mycobacterium present in the environment. It is associated with skin and soft tissue infections including abscess, cellulitis and osteomyelitis. Other infections by this bacterium are post-operative/transplant-associated, catheter, prostheses and even concomitant to haemodialytic procedures. In this study, we employ a subtractive genomics approach to predict the potential therapeutic candidates, intended for experimental research against this bacterium. A computational workflow was devised and executed to procure core proteome targets essential to the pathogen but with no similarity to the human host. Initially, essential Mycobacterium chelonae proteins were predicted through homology searching of core proteome content from 19 different bacteria. Druggable proteins were then identified and N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) was chosen as a case study from identified therapeutic targets, based on its important bifunctional role. Structure modeling was followed by virtual screening of phytochemical library (N > 2200), from 500 medicinal plants, against it. A biflavonoid daphnodorin G from Daphne odora was screened as having best potential for binding GlmU. Phytotherapy helps curb the menace of antibiotic resistance so treatment of Mycobacterium chelonae infection through this method is recommended.


In space attack-defense system,relative position and velocity estimation between intercepting satellite and target satellite is very important for orbit designing of intercepting satellite.In this paper,relative navigation is researched under the condition that orbit of target satellite is elliptical orbit and that the intercepting satellite has orbit maneuvering.Firstly,relative motion equations are derived with elliptical orbit of target satellite,and measurement equations are developed according to the geometric relation of measurement.Then the accelera-tion of intercepting satellite is introduced with its error,and the improved EKF algorithm is designed to increase navigation accuracy.Finally,the numerical simulation results verify the validity of this navigation method and show higher navigation accuracy.


Complex computing environment is switching from peta scale to exa scale. Conventional irreversible logic will not be going to sustain forever and power dissipation need to be controlled. Lot of research is going on to avoid power dissipation due to switching but only a few research efforts have been applied on power dissipation due to loss of bits. Reversible computing is found to be one of the emerging and promising technologies to overcome addressed power dissipation due to loss of bits. Quantum cost is one of important metric of comparison and required further for analyzing performance of one reversible logic based circuit over other. This paper proposes the algorithm to draw optimized quantum implementation of reversible logic gates and further utilized for investigation of quantum cost. The optimized quantum cost obtained from proposed method is verified using RCViewer+ tool.


For the practical application of water electrolysis, it is essential to develop cost-effective and high efficiency electrocatalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evaluation reaction (OER). In this work, we applied CuZr metallic glass powder, after chemical dealloying treatment, as electrocatalysts. The as-prepared sample had both the increased specific area and optimized surface composition of an efficient catalyst. During the HER and OER processes, the dealloyed CuZr sample displayed overpotential of 195 mV and 310 mV at current density of 10 mA cm−2, respectively. A two-electrode water splitting cell, using the as-prepared CuZr sample, exhibited high stability towards a high current density of 500 mA cm−2, and lower overpotential, compared to a Pt/C//IrO2 cell, during the 10 mA cm−2 constant current density aging test.


Four tales with Beatrix Potter's farm Hill Top and the surrounding countryside as the setting. The book contains The Tale of Tom Kitten, The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck, The Tale Samuel Whiskers and The Tale of Ginger and Pickles.


Over 30 years ago, Paul Minnis (1985) proposed the distinction between 'pristine domestication' and 'primary crop acquisition'. The former refers to the initial domestication of wild plant resources and is characterised by only a dozen or so places in the world, most notably China, the Near East and Mesoamerica. The latter refers to the local integration of crops that were domesticated elsewhere and is the more common process. The American Southwest, here defined as the U.S. states of Nevada, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico, and the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua, is a classic case of primary crop acquisition. Cultigens, first maize and then squash and beans, originally domesticated in Mesoamerica, were brought north by immigrant groups who joined with local hunter-gatherer communities. The introduction of these cultigens did not initiate major immediate changes in ecological or social relationships, instead the shift to agriculture as the central subsistence practice took millennia. Just why this is the case continues to be hotly debated. The two volumes under review offer new data and valuable syntheses relevant to scholars interested in the interrelationships between the adoption of cultigens, mixed mobility strategies, and trade and exchange relationships.


It has recently been suggested that the parity doublet structure seen in the spectrum of highly excited baryons may be due to effective chiral symmetry restoration for these states. We review the recent developments in this field. We demonstrate with a simple quantum-mechanical example that it is a very natural property of quantum systems that a symmetry breaking effect which is important for the low-lying spectrum of the system, can become unimportant for the highly-lying states; the highly lying states reveal a multiplet structure of nearly degenerate states. Using the well established concepts of quark-hadron duality, asymptotic freedom in QCD and validity of the operator product expansion in QCD we show that the spectral densities obtained with the local currents that are connected to each other via chiral transformations, very high in the spectrum must coincide. Hence effects of spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD vacuum that are crucially important for the low-lying spectra, become irrelevant for the highly-lying states. Then to the extent that identifiable hadronic resonances still exist in the continuum spectrum at high excitations this implies that the highly excited hadrons must fall into multiplets associated with the representations of the chiral group. We demonstrate that this is indeed the case for meson spectra in the large $N_c$ limit. All possible parity-chiral multiplets are classified for baryons and it is demonstrated that the existing data on highly excited $N$ and $\Delta$ states at masses of 2 GeV and higher is consistent with approximate chiral symmetry restoration. However new experimental studies are needed to achieve any definitive conclusions.


Two recent randomized trials, one of azithromycin and one of gatifloxacin, failed to show any secondary-prevention benefit of these antibiotics in