Background & Purpose: In the mechanical thrombectomy (MT) era, it is imperative to ensure that patients with stroke have a fair access to advanced ground ambulances (AGA) or the more rapid Helicopt...


This report outlines a method of using empirical Green's functions in an earthquake simulation program EMPSYN that provides realistic seismograms from potential earthquakes. The theory for using empirical Green's functions is developed, implementation of the theory in EMPSYN is outlined, and an example is presented where EMPSYN is used to synthesize observed records from the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. To provide useful synthetic ground motion data from potential earthquakes, synthetic seismograms should model frequencies from 0.5 to 15.0 Hz, the full wave-train energy distribution, and absolute amplitudes. However, high-frequency arrivals are stochastically dependent upon the inhomogeneous geologic structure and irregular fault rupture. The fault rupture can be modeled, but the stochastic nature of faulting is largely an unknown factor in the earthquake process. The effect of inhomogeneous geology can readily be incorporated into synthetic seismograms by using small earthquakes to obtain empirical Green's functions. Small earthquakes with source corner frequencies higher than the site recording limit f{sub max}, or much higher than the frequency of interest, effectively have impulsive point-fault dislocation sources, and their recordings are used as empirical Green's functions. Since empirical Green's functions are actual recordings at a site, they include the effects on seismic waves from allmore » geologic inhomogeneities and include all recordable frequencies, absolute amplitudes, and all phases. They scale only in amplitude with differences in seismic moment. They can provide nearly the exact integrand to the representation relation. Furthermore, since their source events have spatial extent, they can be summed to simulate fault rupture without loss of information, thereby potentially computing the exact representation relation for an extended source earthquake.« less


In the January/February 1995 issue of Social Justice Review, Frank P. Cummings in an article, entitled, "Throwaway Worker," asserts that today's corporations have developed employment policies that put many workers at risk and thus contravene the papal social encychcals in many vital ways. Many corporations divide the work force into two radically different components: (1) an elite, highly trained, relatively secure core group of tmsted employees, and (2) a peripheral group of contingent employees, often part-time or temporary, sometimes contracted for through temporary employment agencies, usually without having to pay fringe benefits or security arrangements provided by the employer, and subject to the currently prevailing needs of the employer. The purpose of this paper is to explain the new core-contingent division of labor, and then to analyze it by way of the social teachings found in Rerum Novarum, Quadragesimo Anno, Laborem Exercens, and Centesimus Annus. The analysis will require a brief survey of the relevant parts of the Papal social encyclicals.


Manufacturing errors are inevitable in hydraulic machines. The manufactured geometry of solid parts directly governs the performance of these machines. This paper reports an extensive simulation study for manufactured inaccuracies on the performance of the piston/cylinder interface of an axial piston machine using the state-of-the-art simulation tool. The performance of swashplate type axial piston machines is characterized mainly by the three lubricating interfaces including the cylinder block/valve plate, slipper/swashplate and piston/cylinder interface. Among the three lubricating interfaces, the piston/cylinder interface is more sensitive to manufacturing inaccuracies such as roundness and conicity of the solid parts as well as the precision and accuracy of the manufactured nominal diameters of the solid parts. This is because the manufactured geometry of the cylinder bore, and the piston directly affects the height and the shape of the lubricating gap of the piston/cylinder interface. Therefore, the manufacturing form deviations of the solid parts directly affects the viscous friction, leakage flow, wear process and lifetime of such lubricating interfaces. The fully coupled fluid structure thermal interaction model can predict the energy dissipation, viscous friction, leakage flow and the gap height considering the geometry of the solid parts.


For more than 50 years this biography has been one of the most comprehensive studies of Elizabeth's entire reign, including the wars with Spain, the long standing struggle with Mary, Queen of Scots, and her abortive marriage projects, plots and court intrigues.


We conduct comparative research on the density of states of electron- and hole- carrier trap levels (DTR(E)), dispersing inside the energy gap of a rubrene single crystal in a field effect transistor (FET) struction with Ca and Au hetero-electrodes for an ambipolar carrier injection mode, by using polymeric protection-layer materials on a Si substrate. Three different types of polymeric materials, poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene) (PS) and poly(chloro-styrene) (PCS) are employed. From the temperature (T)-dependent source-drain current and gate voltage (ISD-VG) transfer characteristics, the values of DTR(E) are evaluated. PS exhibits the most efficiently-balanced ambipolar carrier transport, which is superior to PMMA that is most typically used as the standard protection layer on a SiO$_2$/doped-Si substrate. Discussions are made in the framework of a carrier multiple trap and release (CMTR) model.


The purpose of this study is to reveal the representation of women workers in newspaper news discourse that follows the nationalist-secular ideology and the Islamic ideology perspectives. The method of this research is a qualitative content analysis that views the text as a symbolic message and it requires interpretation according to the context. Complementing the research method, a critical discourse analysis approach is also used. The subjects of this research are female workers found in newspaper news discourse that carries the values of Islamic ideology and newspapers that carry nationalist-secular ideology. Data were analyzed through critical discourse analysis techniques in the following steps: (a) description; (b) interpretation; and (c) explanation. This research still considers checking the reliability and the validity. Data analysis is also complemented by confirmation of linguists and peers (triangulation of sources). The main findings of this study show that the practice of discourse in the RM newspaper which follows the nationalist-secular ideology perspective represents marginal women. By the RM newspaper, the representation is used as a plea for the actions and trait of male actors or employers. The motive revealed from this phenomenon is to follow the demand of the market. On the other hand, the newspaper R, which tends to follow Islamic ideology perspective, represents the motive of advocacy for women workers. This is the implication of the values of Islamic ideology carried out by the R newspaper as mentioned in its vision and mission. The findings are also the antithesis of the view that Islam isolates women in the social sphere of society.


The analysis of structure-preserving numerical methods for the Poisson--Nernst--Planck (PNP) system has attracted growing interests in recent years. In this work, we provide an optimal rate convergence analysis and error estimate for finite difference schemes based on the Slotboom reformulation. Different options of mobility average at the staggered mesh points are considered in the finite-difference spatial discretization, such as the harmonic mean, geometric mean, arithmetic mean, and entropic mean. A semi-implicit temporal discretization is applied, which in turn results in a non-constant coefficient, positive-definite linear system at each time step. A higher order asymptotic expansion is applied in the consistency analysis, and such a higher order consistency estimate is necessary to control the discrete maximum norm of the concentration variables. In convergence estimate, the harmonic mean for the mobility average, which turns out to bring lots of convenience in the theoretical analysis, is taken for simplicity, while other options of mobility average would also lead to the desired error estimate, with more technical details involved. As a result, an optimal rate convergence analysis on concentrations, electric potential, and ionic fluxes is derived, which is the first such results for the structure-preserving numerical schemes based on the Slotboom reformulation. It is remarked that the convergence analysis leads to a theoretical justification of the conditional energy dissipation analysis, which relies on the maximum norm bounds of the concentration and the gradient of the electric potential. Some numerical results are also presented to demonstrate the accuracy and structure-preserving performance of the associated schemes.


The Liberian civil war left the country destroyed and its population traumatised by violence and atrocities on an unprecedented scale. There were efforts supported by the international community to deal with the past through the establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 2005, and indirectly through the Special Court for Sierra Leone. Both initiatives brought rather ambiguous results. The Czechoslovak communist regime's record of violence and repressions, starting with the "show trials" of the 1950s, was followed by the persecution of dissidents and other groups. After the Velvet Revolution of 1989, national reconciliation, rather than radical decommunisation was at the order of the day. Soon, the focus of activities moved from criminal investigations to a historical reconstruction of the regime's past. Although different at first sight, both cases have a number of features worth comparing. The present article analyses similarities and differences in the strategies of dealing with the violent past and their results. Secondly, it focuses on the implications of the latter for the political culture in both countries. It argues that the failure to address the legacy of past injustices has serious consequences for the legitimacy of the state, the rule of law, and the nature of democracy in both countries. 1 The first version of this article was presented at the panel "Comparing Political Cultures of Post-colonial Africa and Post-communist Europe" at the ECAS Conference in Paris, 9 July 2015, convened by Petr Skalník. Modern Africa: Politics, History and Society 2016 | Volume 4, Issue 1, pages 65–90 66 Modern Africa: Politics, History and Society | 2016 | Volume 4, Issue 1


The paper aims at mapping and theoretically conceptualizing the controversies around the "relational form." It does not, however, seek to conciliate the different positions or take "sides" in the debate; instead, it is based on concept-based methodology as an instrument offering a better insight into the researched object. Even though the form of contemporary art, be it as a process or as a procedure, is "broken" according to the traditional idea, the aim of this work is to examine the opposite. In the first part, the notion of "relational form" and the discourses related to its articulation are analyzed. The second part focuses on the techniques and procedures or strategies of the conceptual avant-gardes during the 1990s and 2000s. Eventually, the conclusion considers the efforts, debates, and possibilities of art in the extended field of relational practices. The aim of this research is to define more precisely the ontological status of contemporary art forms.


Biochemical tumor marker was human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by choriocarcinoma itself, which was used to determine the complete remission of the carcinoma, which was treated by primary systemic methotrexate (MTX) therapy. Also, hCG was the marker of positive pregnancy test in the MTX prevention of choriocarcinoma. It will be important to use biochemical marker produced by the subject in the chemotherapy of malignant tumor.


Introduction: Secondary polycythemia is a disorder of increased hemoglobin or hematocrit most often resulting from states of systemic hypoxia such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Many patients with secondary polycythemia are treated with phlebotomy to reduce hematocrit levels based on recommendations for polycythemia vera (PV)-a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by increased red blood cell mass and a greater risk for thromboembolic events-despite the lack of evidence demonstrating whether or not secondary polycythemia patients share this increased risk. While the pro-thrombotic state in PV has been associated with JAK2 allele burden, leukocytosis, and hypercoagulability, similar changes have not been reflected in secondary polycythemia. Because there is limited data on the efficacy or necessity of phlebotomy in patients with secondary polycythemia, our study aims to determine if phlebotomy affects the prevalence of arterial and venous thrombotic events in this patient population
 Methods: We retrospectively identified patients seen at Rhode Island Hospital/The Miriam Hospital from 1/1/2000 to 1/1/2019 with COPD and a diagnosis of secondary polycythemia via ICD9 coding. Polycythemia was defined as a hemoglobin level greater than 16.0 g/dL in women or 16.5 g/dL in men on at least 2 separate occasions. Data was collected on JAK2 allele status, phlebotomy treatment, co-morbidities, hematologic values, and thrombotic events. Arterial thrombotic events included myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Venous thrombotic events included deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Analysis of data was done by chi-square and Mann-Whitney U testing.
 Results: We identified 151 COPD patients who had a median age of 58 years and hemoglobin of 17 g/dL at time of secondary polycythemia diagnosis. Of these patients, all 58 (38.4%) that underwent testing were negative for the JAK2 V617F allele. Within the study population, 35 (23.2%) of patients were treated with phlebotomy and 116 (76.8%) were not. There was no difference in the median time of follow up for those who did and did not receive phlebotomy (5.6 vs 4.3 years, p=0.46). Phlebotomized patients had a higher hemoglobin (17.1 g/dL vs 16.9 g/dL, p=0.02) and hematocrit (52.2% vs 50%, p=0.007) compared to non-phlebotomized patients. Patients who underwent phlebotomy were more likely to be older (p=0.1) and have obstructive sleep apnea (p=0.06) (Table 1). Thrombotic events were recorded in 22.4% (26/116) of non-phlebotomized patients and 31.4% (11/35) of phlebotomized patients, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.28) (Figure 1). Of the 42 patients who had COPD further confirmed by pulmonary function testing (PFT) with a documented post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7, there was also no significant difference in prevalence of total thrombotic events between patients who were and were not treated by phlebotomy. In this group of patients, there were thrombotic events in 18.8% (6/32) of phlebotomized patients and 10% (1/10) of non-phlebotomized patients (p=0.66). There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence of thrombotic events in phlebotomized patients who did and did not achieve phlebotomy goals. Patients who achieved a goal of hematocrit < 52% had a 25% (4/16) prevalence of thromboses compared to 36.8% (7/19) in those who did not (p=0.45).
 Conclusions: We found no difference between prevalence of arterial, venous, or total thromboses in COPD patients with secondary polycythemia who were phlebotomized compared to those who were not. Similarly, there was no statistically significant reduction in prevalence of thrombotic events in patients who met the phlebotomy hematocrit goal of 52%. Thus, while secondary polycythemia patients often undergo phlebotomy to reduce hematocrit levels, our results provide no clear evidence that phlebotomy is necessary for or effective at reducing thrombotic risk in secondary polycythemia patients.

 Olszewski: Spectrum Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding. Reagan:Pfizer: Research Funding; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


An antimicrobial composition comprising: a) a member selected from the group alcohol is ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol Ysus mixtures in an amount of 60 to 95 percent by weight of the total composition; b) a condom an amount of 0.001 to 5.0 percent by weight of the total composition, wherein elpreservativo is one or more of the compounds selected from the group consisting of parachlorometaxylenol, phenoxyethanol, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate , declorohexidina diacetate, hexetidine, triclosan, c) a thickening agent in an amount of 0.01 to 3 percent by weight of the total composition in quedicho thickening agent is hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose; d) a humectant and / or emollient in an amount of 0.005 to 5.0 percent by weight of the total composition, whichthe said humectant and / or emollient is one or more compounds selected from the group queconsiste in mineral oil, dimethicone , Glycerin, isopropyl palmitate, propylene glycol, vaseline, yescualeno e) a cationic emulsifier in an amount of 0.01 to 3 percent by weight of the total composition in queel cationic emulsifier is selected from (i) an active solution 25% of behenyl trimonium-methosulfate in cetearyl alcohol, (ii) a concentrate consisting of cetearyl alcohol, castor oil PEG-40, and chloride deestearalconio, and (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); f) water in an amount of 6-30 weight percent.


ABSTRACT The study of Armeno-Turkish Literature, or Turkish written in Armenian script, has boomed of late, posing a challenge to Turkish literary historiography's neglect of Armeno-Turkish texts. Though this scholarship has argued against the exclusion of Armenians from late Ottoman cultural history, it has also unintentionally reproduced the nationalist, exclusionary logic that such segregation rested upon in the first place. This article offers a critique of the now dominant scholarly understanding of Armeno-Turkish as a "hybrid" of ostensibly distinct late Ottoman-era Armenian and Turkish languages and cultures. It does so by reframing Turkish as an Armenian language, moving beyond the shortcomings of hybridity theory toward a more productive, "depropriative" idiom for the study of Armeno-Turkish that denationalizes the Turkish language.


The context of higher education is changing. The emerge of social, technical, and intellectual forces has pushed higher education to the point of a significant transformation (Garrison & Vaughn, 2008). Technology enhanced learning have raised concerns about the quality of education and learning environment. For the traditional classroom-based teaching and learning, the breakthrough came during the emerge of Covid-19 pandemic. Online learning, once a separated learning system, was fully integrated into teaching and learning to continue providing education amidst the lockdown. Post the reopening of higher education institutions, hybrid learning was widely implemented in almost all universities across the world, to accommodate students' diverse range of learning needs in the post pandemic era. This case study is intended to gain insights regarding the learning experiences, challenges, and benefits in hybrid learning from both the lecturers' and students' perspective. Based from the gathered qualitative data, results show that both students and lecturers have mixed reviews regarding hybrid learning experience. One of the main findings is that hybrid learning creates a more flexible, engaging learning environment compared to traditional face-to-face learning. Lecturers generally feel that hybrid learning has several pedagogical and technological challenges. However, issues concerning quality of lecture delivery and academic malpractice during online assessments has found to be a concern among lecturers and students. In overall, lecturers and students feel that hybrid learning needs to be evaluated from time to time to address the drawback for continuous improvement towards better quality of learning.


The empowerment of High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is very important in preparing graduates to participate in the globally competitive, entering the work face, and encountering the new industrial revolution 4.0 era. This study aims to (1) Determine the effectiveness of the STEM approach in empowering the HOTS of Students; (2) Determine the effect of STEM approach on the HOTS of pre-service students in the nutritional sciences learning at the higher education level. The research is quasi-experimental with nonequivalent pre-test post-test design. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) used to analyze pre-test and post-test data, with the pre-test data as a covariate. The results showed that the HOTS average experiment class was higher than the control class. Based on the results of a statistical test its concluded that there is a significant effect of the STEM approach in empowering HOTS in science nutrition learning at the higher education level. Consequently, the STEM approach is effective in empowering HOTS in nutrition science learning at the higher education level.


The work is devoted to identifying the contribution made by scientists to the development of linguistics. The purpose of the article: to consider the data on the classification of the Turkic languages, to study the borrowings given in the dictionary, to consider the data on the distribution area of the Turkic languages. The results obtained: the classification of the Turkic languages according to the degree of their confusion is expounded, the groups of Iranian borrowings are established, in the work of M. Kashgari, the first map of the Turkic-speaking world is considered according to the dictionary. Conclusions are made about the importance of the dictionary "Divanu lugat atTurk" for Turkic studies as a branch of linguistics.


The rapid and widespread growth of the organic food market is considered to become one of the largest growing markets in the food industry. The main objective of this research is to investigate and evaluate the effect of multidimensional consumer perceived value on customer satisfaction and purchase intention in the context of organic food. The data collection was carried out with 234 Indonesian consumers of organic food. The multidimensional consumer perceived value has been formed by 4 dimensions which include functional value, economic value, emotional value, and social value. consumer perceived value is considered to influence customer satisfaction and purchase intention. structural equation modeling (SEM-AMOS) was used to analyze the relationship between them. The result indicates that the consumer perceived value positively influences customer satisfaction and purchase intention. The consumer perceived value has no strong direct influence on purchase intention. Hence, the involvement of customer satisfaction is able to be a full mediator between the customer perceived value and purchase intention. This research contributes to reflecting consumer preferences of organic food in Indonesia as a developing country which is assessed by consumer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and purchase intention.


This study aims at comparing the effectiveness of acid and base catalysts in the synthesis of 2-hidroksikalkon. The synthesis of 2-hidroksikalkon using the acid catalyst was by enol reaction mechanism. Meanwhile, if the base catalyst is used, it will be through the mechanism of enolate. The basic ingredients used are asetofenon and 2-hidroksibenzaldehida.
 The research was begun by a cross-aldol condensation between asetofenon and 2- hidroksibenzaldehida to form 2-hidroksikalkon using the acid catalyst of hydrochloric. Next, the condensation of these compounds were purified and characterized using TLC, TLC scanners, FTIR and NMR. The two-phase research was conducted in the same way but the acid catalyst was replaced with the sodium hydroxide catalyst. Then, the synthesis results were compared to determine a more effective catalyst.
 The results showed that the synthesis with the acid catalyst did not get the 2-hidroksikalkon, whereas with the base catalyst, it successfully obtained the 2-hidroksikalkon shaped orange crystals with the melting point of 148oC, 31.22% yield, and 64% purity. It could be concluded that it was more effective to use the base catalyst in the synthesis of 2-hidroksikalkon with the basic materials of asetofenon and 2-hidroksibenzaldehida than using the acid catalyst.


The 'triple helix' of the university–industry–government relationship and habitat are accepted as important determinants of innovation and entrepreneurship. However, empirical explorations of the effects of these variables and their interrelationships on regional entrepreneurial activities are highly limited. To fill this gap, we investigate the effect of the triple helix system and habitat on birth and death rates of U.S. firms at the state level. As expected, we find that industrial R&D expenditure plays an important role in promoting regional firm birth. However, university and government R&D also generate a synergistic effect that indirectly influences regional firm birth rates. In addition, we find that the synergy between university and industrial R&D enhances the sustainability of firms, while the interactions between (1) university and government R&D and (2) government and industrial R&D are associated with an increase in firm death. Other factors linked to more favorable conditions for firm formation include higher educational attainment in a region, lower tax rate, and habitat factors affecting quality of life, such as lower housing prices and higher rates of health insurance coverage. In regions with high entrepreneurial activity, we find positive synergistic effects of the interactions between (1) university and government R&D and (2) university and industrial R&D on firm birth rate, suggesting that university R&D plays an important role as an 'entrepreneurial mediator' among the three spheres in the triple helix system. In low entrepreneurial regions, the only triple helix system factors significantly influencing firm birth rate were tax rate. This finding suggests that the independent and interdependent components of the triple helix system and habitat are less powerful in low entrepreneurial regions.


Development of the tracking algorithms used in an infrared seekerhead missile requires the infrared characteristics of the target against which the missile will be directed. Mid-wave infrared recordings of such a target were made at altitude during a flight test. The measurement setup for this test is described, as well as the additional recordings required during data reduction afterwards. An exposition of the general theoretical approach used for the data reduction of infrared image recordings of targets is given and the minimum data required is inferred. The data reduction is then applied to the plume of the target aircraft. The results of the plume data reduction, consisting of mid-wave infrared radiance profiles at different altitudes and the effect of altitude as well as aircraft aspect angle on plume intensity are then presented.


Semantics is one branches of linguistics studying about meaning. This research is focused on analyzing the English translation of surah Al Ra'd by Marmaduke Picktall by using semantic theory. Al Ra'd is one surah in the Holy Qur'an which consists of forty three verses and discusses generally about Tauhid, resurrection, and Prophet hood.

Related on the background, the study aims to answer two following questions. The first is what kinds of meaning are used in the English translation of "Surah Al Ra'd" by Marmaduke Pickthall and the second is what messages are involved in this surah.

This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative method, because the data of this study are in the form of sentences or words of surah Al Ra'd. The steps of data collection are reading and understanding the translation of "Surah Al Ra'd " by Marmaduke Pickthall. Then, he selected the data that are related to the problems of the study. At last, the data were arranged systematically in accordance to the problems of the study. To analyze the data, he presented the data, interpreted the data and drew the conclusion.

Based on the result and discussion of the data, it can be concluded that there are
three kinds of meaning involved in this surah, namely lexical, sentential and discoursal meanings. Lexical meaning is concerned with the meanings of words and the meaning relationships among words, that contains with denotation, connotation, synonymy, antonymy, ambiguity, polisemy, hyponymy, homophony, and homonymy. Sentential meaning can be defined as a group of words that forms a statement, command, exclamation or question, and usually contains a subject and predicates, and in writing begins with a capital letter and ends of the mark (.,!?). While, discoursal meaning is a term used in linguistics to refer to a continuous stretch of language larger than a sentence dealt with discussion. Furthermore, message is something that the author wants to convey to the readers. In many works, the message can be concluded as moral, religious and social message. In this study, the messages found are dominated by moral and religious messages.

The researcher hopes that this study can give a contribution for the readers, especially the students who are interested in semantic study. Furthermore, it is hoped for further researchers to conduct similar topic of this study, which not only focuses on kinds of meaning but also on the other aspect of semantic


The autoclaving method has been demonstrated to be effective and economical for preparing direct vision endoscopic instruments. Bronchalloy is superior to brass when the autoclaving method is employed. Black rubber cords appear to be superior to brown rubber cords because of the stronger black terminal collars. There seems to be a weakness where cement is used between metal and glass. From our experience, autoclaving is the method of choice for preparing direct vision endoscopes.


The molecular-weight-dependent risk of accumulation of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) in the setting of renal failure is widely accepted. Unfortunately, the attribution of diagram 2 was omitted (from the work of S. Alban). Fondaparinux is discussed in the article as if it were comparable to enoxaparin; one must realize, however, that the cited study by Buller et al. (1) excluded patients with an elevated creatinine concentration – yet it is precisely these patients who so often present for treatment, among others, in everyday practice.

A look at the information for physicians with regard to fondaparinux reveals that even a moderate degree of renal insufficiency led to hemorrhagic complications in 6.6% of patients, while severe renal insufficiency did so in 14.5%. The figures for enoxaparin are similar; this clearly indicates that low molecular weight, renal function, and hemorrhagic tendency are closely associated with one another. Fondaparinux is absolutely contraindicated in patients with severe renal insufficiency. For enoxaparin, an adjustment of the dose is recommended, yet treating physicians often will not even know whether renal insufficiency is present, let alone how severe it is. Protamine is available as an antidote for low-molecular-weight heparins, but no such antidote is available for fondaparinux. In view of these facts, I think it is rather bold to call fondaparinux "a good alternative" to heparins. At most, one can say that it might be an alternative if there is a reason why low-molecular-weight heparins cannot or should not be given.


This paper introduces the present situation of mobile phone library's service,and expounds the features and the main contents of mobile phone library's service.


This lecture provides a quick overview of different tree building methods. A great (and ever increasing) number of methods have been described for doing this, which raises the inevitable question of how to come to grips with this plethora of possibilities. Two ways which seem useful to us are either to divide the methods by how they handle data, or to divide them by the approach taken when building trees.


Novel polyisobutylene-based flexible polyurethane foams (PIB–PUF) have been prepared manually by the prepolymer method using three-arm star hydroxyl-terminated polyisobutylenes (PIB–triols) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Solvent extraction and IR spectroscopy of PIB–PUFs indicated essentially complete crosslinking. Conventional polyether-based polyrethane foams (PE–PUFs) and polybutadiene-based polyurethane foams (PBD–PUFs) have also been prepared by the same method and select physical-mechanical properties of all these urethane foams, such as tensile strength, elongation, resilience, water permeability, hot air stability, and hydrolytic stability, have been examined and compared. Although the density of PIB–PUF is lower than that of PE–PUF, its tensile strength is superior to the latter. Elongation of PIB–PUF is almost the same as those of the other foams. The PIB–PUF exhibits low resilience which indicates good damping properties. Due to the hydrophobicity of the soft segment, PIB–PUF exhibits very low water permeability. The hydrolytic and hot air stability of PIB–PUFs are outstanding. Attempts have been made to determine gas permeabilities; however, due to the open-cell nature of the foams, these studies could not be completed. The new PIB-based urethane foams combine excellent thermal, environmental, barrier, and mechanical properties, unmatched by conventional PUFs.


We introduce the concept of fraud morality, validate such conceptualization by prior studies in economics and criminology as well as by our own independent tests, and explore the relationship of fraud morality with numerous cultural attributes using data from the World Values Survey. Applying partial least squares path modeling, we find that people with stronger self-enhancing (self-transcending) values exhibit lower (higher) fraud morality. Further, respondents who believe in the importance of hard work exhibit higher fraud morality, and such beliefs mediate the relationship between locus of control and fraud morality. Finally, we find that people prone to traditional gender stereotypes demonstrate lower fraud morality and document subtle differences in the influence of these cultural attributes across age and gender groups. Our study contributes to research on the fraud triangle, accounting ethics, and corporate governance.


This current paper brings into discussion cultural meaningfulness on intercultural perspective of English learning materials for elementary school. Students might be perceived to master English, but there has been no guarantee that they can properly make use of their acquired language skills upon direct interaction with native speakers of the target language. This is reasonable as English instruction in elementary school is projecting grammatical aspects, not touching cultural aspects of the target language yet. In fact, those cultural aspects are playing pivotal roles in achieving interactional comprehension between speakers and interlocutors. In regards to cultural studies, foreign language students are to be apt to target language's cultures. Departing for the mentioned concerns, English is to be taught by incorporating cultural aspects of native speakers, and thus intercultural perspective. This current paper pinpoints the development of intercultural perspective in English learning materials for elementary school students aging from 6-12 years old. Cultural meaningfulness on intercultural perspective is set to be the target that encapsulates various topics for teaching English in elemenatry school. The so called perspective not merely comprises social skills, but training sensitivity and comprehension on values, point of view, proper way of life and thinking as well. A number of materials containing intercultural perspective and cultural meaningfulness are described in this paper. Those materials are presented within six intercultural topics in the forms of culture-related vocabularies, expressions, and meanings.


12 In the present work, we reexamined the phase relationships in the system diopside‒CO 2 in the 13 range of 3-6 GPa and 850-1500 °C in multianvil experiments including reversal ones lasting up to 169 14 hours. The reaction CaMgSi 2 O 6 (clinopyroxene) + 2CO 2 (fluid) = 2SiO 2 (quartz/coesite) + 15 CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 (dolomite) passes through 3 GPa/950 °C with a slope of 6 MPa/°C and terminates at an 16 invariant point near 4.5 GPa/1200 °C, where carbonate liquid coexists with clinopyroxene, coesite, 17 dolomite and CO 2 fluid. The newly determined boundary has the equation P (GPa) = 0.006× T (°C) ‒ 18 2.7. As temperature increases to 1250 °C at 4.5 GPa, liquid, dolomite, and coesite disappear and 19 clinopyroxene coexists with CO 2 fluid. As pressure increases to 6 GPa, the solidus temperature 20 increases to 1300 °C revealing a slope of 15 MPa/°C. At 4.5 and 6 GPa, solidus melts contain about 21 1 wt% SiO 2 . As temperature increases to 1400 and 1500 °C at 6 GPa, the silica contents in the 22 carbonate melt increase to 6 and 13 wt%, respectively. Our data combined with that of Luth (2006)


INTRODUCTION
The role of trypanocidal therapy in the chronic phase of Chagas disease remains controversial.

METHODS
A total of 13 patients with chronic Chagas disease were treated with benznidazole (5mg/kg/day/60 days) and surveyed via antibody measurement and conventional electrocardiogram over the course of 4 years.

RESULTS
The antibody titers were significantly reduced after 4 years (p<0.05). Most of the patients showed maintenance of the initial clinical picture (electrocardiographic), with the exception of 4 cases.

CONCLUSIONS
Although trypanocidal therapy in the chronic phase of Chagas disease was of limited effectiveness, we believe that it is beneficial in treating these patients.


Of 1060 admissions to the burns unit. Royal Brisbane Hospital, over a 12‐year period, there were 30 cases (2.8%) of attempted suicide. Fourteen (47%) of these patients died. The psychosocial features of people using self‐ignition as a method of suicide are consistent with those of suicide in general. The morbidity is high and the outcome is often fatal, especially for those using a flammable liquid.


In this work, we obtain existence results for a minimization problem involving a fractional Hardy-Sobolev type inequality. Precisely, let $0 4s, 0 \lambda^*$. The crucial tools are the properties of $\mu_{\alpha,\lambda}(\Omega)$ seen as a function in $\lambda$, and a fractional Hardy-Sobolev type inequality. Both cases inner and boundary singularity are treated.


PURPOSE: An integrated 2 phase anaerobic digestion tank and an anaerobic digestion device having the same are provided to increase the solubilization rates of non-degradable organic materials by optimizing an anaerobic digestion process. CONSTITUTION: An anaerobic digestion device includes the following: a reservoir(110) storing organic materials; a mixing tank(120) mixing the organic materials transferred from the reservoir; a solubilization tank(130) improving biodegradability of the non-degradable organic materials by maintaining temperature in a predetermined temperature range; and an integrated 2 phase anaerobic digestion tank(140) with an acid fermentation tank and a methane fermentation tank while fermenting the organic materials.


Condition monitoring is a tool for detection of faults and failure prevention. Fault andfailure are regarded as inevitable during the machine operation as the process of wear and theprocess of degradation. The question is, if one can influence the wear and degradation process,using condition monitoring. The paper will present technology which demonstrates that the use ofthe proper method can influence the wear and machine degradation process, using proper conditionmonitoring techniques and knowing scenarios of wear and degradation process. In the discussionpresented in the paper as a prerequisite has been taken that machinery works in severe dustyenvironment and varying operation conditions. It has been pointed that degradation process is notjust simply development of one fault. Most research for developing technology for conditionmonitoring is concentrated on one fault development. If one considers condition monitoring for acrack and brakeage of a tooth in gearbox, one should take in consideration that tooth crack andbrakeage is the result of several events, like rolling elements bearing frictional wear, which causesecondary misalignment of shaft and gears. The frictional wear is caused by dust particles whichget into oil from the environment in which a gearbox is operating. To avoid an influence ofcontaminated oil, contamination proactive technology should be used for the assessment of thedegree of contamination and the decision on oil purification or change should be taken. The wholeprocess connected with a gearbox condition change (wear and degradation process) shall bedescribed in the paper. The oil purification or its replacement extends the live of gearboxes butlong live of a gearbox, even with very little contamination causes some frictional wear of bearingsand finally secondary misalignment. To avoid further development of degradation process propertechnology should be used. There is a need to measure the degree of misalignment and makedecision on bearings replacement, in order to avoid further gearbox degradation, like teeth scuffingwhich may leads to crack initiation.


Background: The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance occurred at an alarming rate globally, and has limited the use of antibiotics for preventing and treating infectious diseases. Failure to follow guidelines and protocols for antibiotic use for rational therapeutics and infection control has led to overuse and misuse of antibiotics. However, there is paucity of data on the current pattern of antibiotics prescribing for hospitalised patients in South Sudan, which is among the youngest countries in the world. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prescription and use of antibiotics at Juba Teaching Hospital (JTH) in South Sudan.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among JTH inpatients between January and December 2016. A sample of 316 files from the medical and surgical wards were extracted using probability sampling proportional to ward size. Extracted files were reviewed to determine the pattern of antibiotics administration. Data on indications for antibiotic use were also collected. All data were entered twice and analysed using STATA version 13.0.Results: In all reviewed files, patients received treatment with antibiotics. Antibiotic use was highest in the medical ward (75.4%). Conditions in which antibiotic use was most prevalent were infectious and parasitic diseases (23.7%) and diseases of the digestive system (19.9%). The top three antibiotics prescribed were ceftriaxone (21.2%), metronidazole (20.0%) and amoxicillin (11.5%). The majority of patients (40.2%) were treated with two antibiotics. Conclusions: This study revealed a high level of inappropriate antibiotics use at JJTH. Furthermore, there is non-adherence to national/international guidelines in administration of these antibiotics among doctors. It is necessary to introduce antibiotic stewardship activity, along with continuous national surveillance and enforcement to reduce irrational antibiotics use and the associated risk for antibiotic resistance.


Simplified models and algorithms have been developed to estimate the current value of the angle between the normal to the plane of the solar panel and the sun vector at the time of object survey and during the reorientation of the Earth remote sensing spacecraft, taking into account the relative movement of observation objects in the field of view of the spacecraft. The models differ from the existing ones in that they do not require knowledge of the spacecraft control programs at pitch, roll and yaw angles at each moment of time of the process of its targeted functioning and re-targeting, Based on the obtained models, a software module that does not require large computing resources used in the simulation software package simulating targeted functioning of the space surveillance system has been developed, taking into account the long-term orbital motion of satellites, changes in the parameters of the orbit, the sun vector and other factors. The adequacy of the developed models was verified by visualizing the orbital motion of the spacecraft and its turns during re-targeting, as well as by comparing the simulation results with the results of analytical calculation for particular cases of the initial data. Examples of the implementation of software windows are given.


AIM: to study the cytokine link of immunity in patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and the possibility of using these data to predict the risk of lung tissue damage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with diagnosed new coronavirus infection COVID-19 were divided into 4 groups depending on the severity of the disease: 1 asymptomatic patients; 2 patients with lung tissue damage in the amount of 25%; 3 patients with lung tissue damage 50%; 4 patients with lung tissue damage 75% (according to the results computed tomography). Immunological studies were performed upon admission to the clinic, then after 7 days and before discharge. The concentration of cytokines in blood serum was studied by the method of solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using kits manufactured by Vector Best.
RESULTS: In all groups, a low content of proinflammatory cytokines was found: tumor necrosis factor and interferon-, interleukin-1, interleukin-2. The median level of interleukin-6 in all groups during the entire follow-up period was within the normal range, however, in some patients there was a multiple excess of its concentration. In groups with 50% and 75% lung tissue damage, an increase in the concentration of interleukin-8 was shown. Statistically significant differences were noted only for the level of interleukin-8 between the group with an asymptomatic form of infection and the CT-2 and CT-3 groups. It was found that the concentration of interleukin-1 below 3.58 pg/ml is a significant risk factor for severe disease. In all groups of subjects, low levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were noted, while there was no significant difference between the groups. Positive correlations were revealed between the degree of lung tissue damage and the level of interleukins 6, 2 and 8. Negative correlations were established between the degree of lung tissue damage and the content of interleukin-1.
CONCLUSION: There was no significant activation of the cytokine link of adaptive antiviral immunity in the examined contingent. Serum cytokine levels were within normal values and had no significant intergroup differences. An increase in IL-8 in groups with clinically pronounced signs of infection indicates the activation of indicators characterizing innate immunity.


Background: Following breast cancer treatment recommendations, the conservative approach is accepted and highly respected in the Clinical Hospital Center (CHC) Rijeka. However, we have found that institutional follow-up data are lacking. This retrospective analysis aims to update institutional data on survival and disease control rates. Methods: From 2011 till 2014, 915 breast cancer patients underwent surgery at CHC Rijeka, and 615 were included in this analysis. The Institutional Ethics Committee approved the analysis. Results: All patients were female, and the average age was 59 years. In the 5-year postoperative period, local, regional, and distant recurrence-free survival rates and overall survival and disease-free survival were calculated. All rates negatively correlate with a higher T and N status and a higher stage of the disease. The analysis has also demonstrated that in the pT1-3 pN0-1 subgroup, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was not inferior to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in terms of locoregional control of disease and overall survival. Conclusion: Besides updating institutional data, the analysis confirmed that overall survival and locoregional control of the disease in the upfront-surgery patients are similar between pN0 and pN1 subpopulations and between pN2 and pN3, but statistically significantly different between pN0-1 and pN2-3. Currently ongoing, prospective observational multicenter clinical trial aims to translate the significance of these results into the neoadjuvant era.


High-performance ceramics with nanosized grains provide today the technical base for a large variety of improved applications in many technologies. This type of microstructure is of special interest as well in the nuclear field as it appears at the periphery of light water reactor (LWR) UO2 fuels at high burn-up (BU), where the material transforms spontaneously to a closed porous nanocrystalline nc-structure after surpassing a critical dose. The mechanical properties of this newly formed material are superior to those of the fresh fuel due to the nanostructure. Taking this into account, the aim of this work is to develop a fuel consisting of nc-UO2, which, besides the advantages of enhanced plasticity and faster creep, characteristic of the nc-state, which diminish the pellet clad interaction (PCI) stresses and cladding failure risks, has also the potentiality to develop closed porosity under irradiation, to largely retain fission gases. The study of its behaviour is therefore important, especially during accident conditions under which large amounts of radioactive fission products could be released into the reactor vessel, or to the exterior if the core containment breaks. Its potentiality for retention of fission gas and its improved mechanical properties and resistance to radiation-damage make so the nc-fuel material worthy of deep experimental analysis.


The use of multimedia is of particular importance in the teaching of a foreign language to medical school students, since mastering a language in artificial conditions, that is, outside the language environment of native speakers, requires creating situations that would stimulate communication in the target language. The use of information technologies in combination with the project methodology allows students to practice their knowledge and skills, and is one of the forms of organizing research activities that successfully implements coope-rative activities and motivation to learn a foreign language.


Abstract : Conventional true-score approaches to criterion-referenced tests break down when such tests are used for classificatory purposes. Latent trait modeling can help in this situation, but it is appropriate to question whether this classificatory use of criterion-referenced tests is what is needed. Latent trait modeling of test performance can enable straightforward criterion-referenced interpretations of test scores. As the use of testing for individual diagnosis increases, criterion-referencing with latent trait models is likely to become even more attractive. (Author)


Good manufacturing practices and health-care hygienic are essential prerequisites in supermarkets that sell a wide variety of handled and fractionated foods. This study aimed to assess the sanitary and physical-structural conditions on perishable products sectors: butchery, fruits and vegetables, bakery, fish and sausage in 4 hypermarkets and 2 supermarkets, in four cities in Vale do Paraiba, Sao Paulo: Cacapava, Jacarei, Sao Jose dos Campos and Taubate. The study was performed by visual analysis and used the specs Inspection of Food Establishments Area, described in Resolution SS-196, December 29, 1998. The sector of fruit and vegetables showed the lowest inadequacies while the sector that had the greatest inadequacies was the butcher. The main positive aspect regarding hygiene was related to the product display and the inadequacy more relevant than this study indicates, is related to hygiene of equipment and utensils and inadequate hygiene habits of food handlers.


In [H. P. Tong-Viet, Simple classical groups of Lie type are determined by their character degrees, J. Algebra 357 (2012) 61–68] the following question arose: Question. Which groups can be uniquely determined by the structure of their complex group algebras? It is proved that every quasisimple group except covers of the alternating groups is uniquely determined up to isomorphism by the structure of ℂL, the complex group algebra of L. One of the next natural groups to be considered are the characteristically simple groups. In this paper, as the first step in this investigation we prove that if p > 3 is an odd prime number, then PSL(2,p) ×PSL(2,p) is uniquely determined by the structure of its complex group algebra.


The aim of this article is to analyze the narrative poem Don Juan by Nikolai Otsup – a poet of the first wave of Russian emigration. Otsup's work is being compared with the poem The Commander's Footsteps by Aleksandr Blok and the narrative poem Komandorov's Footsteps by David Samoilov. The author pays attention to the similarities in poetic images, sound and colouristic symbols. Thanks to the contextualization of Otsup's narrative poem, the author discovers a common tendency in creating the poetic image of the Commander and in the motif of revenge in the Russian poetry of the first half of the 20th century.


his own creativity.&dquo; Lawrence Halprin is perceptive and correct in his impulse to construct a theoretical basis for this redefined mode of creativity. Unfortunately, he has not achieved it in this book, although his spirited exhortations urge us on in that direction. As is often the case in science, and is usually the case in art, an innovation in practice has preceded the &dquo;supporting theory.&dquo; The stioiig pusitive vibrations of Halprin's wurk, the scope of his enthusiasms, and the loyalty of his commitment can more than make up for any methodological hopes that were disappointed. As T. S. Kuhn might say, &dquo;now that the paradigm shift has occurred, the textbook writers can move in.&dquo; The RSVP Cycles is recommended to those who may still harbor the childhood dream of getting their free creative powers switched on.


An experimental recent study by Shiri et al.[2] using laser Doppler anemometry showed that the growth rate enhancement due to swirl (c.f. Gilchrist, Naughton [3]) does not persist in the far-field of a swirling jet flow with moderate swirl numbers (0.15 and 0.25). The results were consistent with the equilibrium similarity theory of Ewing [4] in which the mean swirl velocity was argued to decrease downstream as 1/(x − xo), while the mean stream-wise velocity decreased as 1/(x − xo). The investigation included all three velocity components of the turbulence quantities at a swirl number of S = 0.25, and all moments to third order were obtained (except those involving both the azimuthal and radial components simultaneously). As noted by George [8], if there were an effect of the source conditions on the similarity profiles, it is in the second and higher moment profiles where it would be expected to appear. The second and third-order moments are quite close to the earlier non-swirling results; some are collapsing perfectly, others have a slight difference. Regardless, the results are of considerable interest, since many of the quantities measured are those which must be modeled in all second-order closure models. This evaluation is of particular interest since both the mean azimuthal and mean radial velocities were obtained directly, meaning that both continuity and momentum balances were possible. The primary goal of this paper was originally to carry out such evaluations, but that work is still in progress. Here the swirl is shown to have a negligible effect on the overall Reynolds normal and shear stress balances. INTRODUCTION For many years researchers have been interested in turbulent jets, both because of their numerous applications as well as their importance to our fundamental understanding of turbulence. Swirling jets add to the interest of this class of flows because swirl can be considered as a significant change in the jet flow's initial conditions and many experimental and theoretical studies have tried to address the questions of the stability and dependency on initial condition of jet flow. Farokhi et al. [7] and Gilchrist and Naughton [3] investigated the effect of swirl on the near-field flow of an axisymmetric jet and showed that moderate swirl (below vortex breakdown) enhances the growth rate and mixing compared to those of a non-swirling jet. By contrast, our own earlier results (Shiri et al. [2] ), were shown to be consistent with the equilibrium similarity theory of Ewing [4] in which the mean swirl velocity was argued to decrease downstream as 1/(x− xo), while the mean stream-wise velocity decreased as 1/(x − xo). In fact the only statistically significant effect of the swirl on the mean velocity for even the highest swirl number was a shift in the virtual origin (to x/D∗ = 0.75 from −2.9) as shown in Figure 1. ∗Ph.D. Student in Applied Mechanics Department, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com †Prof. in Applied Mechanics Department, Email: email@example.com ‡Ph.D. Student in Applied Mechanics Department, Email: email@example.com AIAC-2007-051 Shiri, George & Toutiaei −2 −1 0 1 2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 r / δ 1/2 (a) Normalized mean stream-wise velocity profiles at x/D = 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x / D * (b) Stream-wise variation of the velocity profiles half-width. S: 0, 0.15, 0.25; Slopes: 6.87, 6.86, 6.81; Virtual origins: 0.755, 0.754, -2.859 Figure 1: Mean axial velocity Momentum Equations The Navier-stokes equations in cylindrical coordinate, ignoring the viscous terms, are given by: U ∂U ∂x + V ∂U ∂r = − ρ ∂P ∂x − ∂u 2 ∂x − ∂uv ∂r − uv r (1) − 2 r = − ρ ∂P ∂r − ∂uv ∂x − ∂v 2 ∂r + w2 − v2 r (2) U ∂W ∂x + V ∂W ∂r + V W r = − ∂x − ∂vw ∂r − 2 r (3) These equations can be integrated over a plane downstream of the jet to derive axial and angular integral momentum equations given below: Conservation of axial momentum in axial direction: M0 = 2π ∫ ∞ 0 [ U − W 2 2 + u2 − ( w2 + v2 2 )] rdr (4) Conservation of angular momentum in axial direction: Gθ = 2π ∫ ∞


Five daily, gridded Northern Hemisphere snow water equival ent (SWE) datasets are analyzed over the 1981–2010 period in order to quantify the spatial and tempor al consistency of satellite retrievals, land surface assimilation systems, physical snow models, and reanalyse s. While the climatologies of total Northern Hemisphere snow water mass (SWM) vary among the datasets by as muc h as 50%, their interannual variability and daily anomalies are comparable, showing moderate to good te mporal correlations (between 0.60and 0.85) on both interannual and intraseasonal time scales. Wintert im trends of total Northern Hemisphere SWM are consistently negative over the 1981–2010 period among t he five datasets but vary in strength by a factor of two to three. Examining spatial patterns of SWE indicates that the datasets are most consistent with one another over boreal forest regions compared to Arctic and al pine regions. Additionally, the datasets derived using relatively recent reanalyses are strongly correlate d with one another and show better correlations with the satellite product (GlobSnow) than do those using older r eanalyses. Finally, a comparison of eight reanalysis datasets over the 2001–2010 period shows that land surf ace model differences control the majority of spread in the climatological value of SWM, while meteorolog ical forcing differences control the majority of the spread in temporal correlations of SWM anomalies.


Work based on depth processing images in order to get symmetry measurements of the back of two types of people, patients with scoliosis diagnosis and patients with no scoliosis diagnosis.


The diarylprolinol ether-catalyzed Michael addition and subsequent cyclization of ethyl 3-methyl-2-oxobut-3-enoate with aldehydes, and gamma-substituted beta,gamma-unsaturated-alpha-ketoesters with acetaldehyde, afforded the corresponding lactals, which were subjected to oxidation and stereocontrolled hydrogenation to provide 3,5,6-trisubstituted and 4,6-disubstituted tetrahydropyran-2-ones with excellent enantioselectivities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


When organizing robots into formations, the interplay between the underlying network topology of the team and the sensing and communication modalities available to the individual robots has a fundamental effect on what types of formations are possible. The purpose of this article is to characterize the available motions of formations in which relative angles between robots equipped with bearing-only sensors are maintained. First, infinitesimal shape-similarity, a property of frameworks for which maintaining certain angles between robots ensures that the formation is invariant to translation, rotation, and uniform scaling, is examined; the shape-similarity matrix is redeveloped, and results on its nullspace are presented. Second, triangulations, a class of frameworks, are shown to be infinitesimally shape-similar. Finally, the coupling between network topology and robot capabilities is examined through the design of a decentralized heterogeneous formation-control strategy for a class of triangulations in which all robots are equipped with bearing-only sensors and a single robot can measure distances; the formation-control strategy is demonstrated on a team of differential-drive robots.


Rat experiments indicate that chronic gamma-preirradiation in a dose of 90.0 rads (dose rate 3.0 rad/day) inhibits development of adaptive reactions of hematopoietic system throughout resistance of general adaptation syndrome in emotional stress.


Following up on her description of architecture as a discourse, or a long and complex conversation sustained by a multitude of professionals, Sarah Williams Goldhagen elaborates on the way this discourse has evolved over the decades, shifting from style as conveyor of meaning, to climate and technique as central concerns of the contemporary architect. Ranging from current historiography and its role in pedagogy, to the different agendas that inform architecture practice and the architecture competition in our time, this conversation provides a series of powerful leads for further investigation.


The thermo elastic edge-cracking problem in bimaterial systems subjected to convective heating is considered. The medium is assumed to be insulated on one surface and exposed to sudden convective heating on another surface containing the edge crack. Superposition and uncoupled quasi-static thermoelasticity principles are adopted to formulate the problem. Thermal stress distribution and stress intensity factor values had been determined using the finite element software ANSYS for two different bi-material systems containing edge crack normal to the interface.


Background: OmpA activates innate immunity through TLR2, but its function and mechanism of targeting adaptive immunity remains unexplored. Results: TLR2 regulates OmpA processing and presentation, NO and cytokine release, which contributes to development of type-1 adaptive immunity. Conclusion: TLR2 is crucial to link innate and adaptive responses stimulated by OmpA. Significance: S. flexneri 2a OmpA, a novel molecule, coordinates the innate and adaptive responses. We determine that OmpA of Shigella flexneri 2a is recognized by TLR2 and consequently mediates the release of proinflammatory cytokines and activates NF-κB in HEK 293 cells transfected with TLR2. We also observe that in RAW macrophages TLR2 is essential to instigate the early immune response to OmpA via NF-κB activation and secretion of cytokines and NO. Consistent with these results, TLR2 knockdown using siRNA abolishes the initiation of immune responses. Processing and presentation of OmpA depend on TLR2; MHCII presentation of the processed antigen and expression of CD80 significantly attenuated in TLR2 knockdown macrophages. The optimum production of IFN-γ by the macrophages:CD4+ T cells co-culture depends on both TLR2 activation and antigen presentation. So, TLR2 is clearly recognized as a decisive factor in initiating host innate immune response to OmpA for the development of CD4+ T cell adaptive response. Furthermore, we demonstrate in vivo that intranasal immunization of mice with OmpA selectively enhances the release of IFN-γ and IL-2 by CD4+ T cells. Importantly, OmpA increases the level of IFN-γ production in Ag-primed splenocytes. The addition of neutralizing anti-IL-12p70 mAb to cell cultures results in the decreased release of OmpA-enhanced IFN-γ by Ag-primed splenocytes. Moreover, coincubation with OmpA-pretreated macrophages enhances the production of IFN-γ by OmpA-primed CD4+ T cells, representing that OmpA may enhance IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells through the induction of IL-12 production in macrophages. These results demonstrate that S. flexneri 2a OmpA may play a critical role in the development of Th1 skewed adaptive immune response.


Higher education is greatly oriented on academic and practical aspect of knowledge. Somehow, college students are supposed to eligible and excellent in their knowledge competency, performance, and their confidence, particularly their self-efficacy. It is expected to maximize their learning and themselves to be a qualified graduates. This research aimed to discover the effectiveness of modelling technique to increase self-efficacy in college students of Ahmad Dahlan University boarding school. It used quantitative approach with quasi experiment using non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The research was college students of Ahmad Dahlan University boarding school, amounting to 129 students. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling. The criteria for the studied sample in this study was college students of Ahmad Dahlan University boarding school with low self-efficacy. To collect data, this research used self-efficacy scale. The data was then analyzed by using non-parametric statistics with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that there were differences in the results of the experimental group's self-efficacy before and after the treatment was given (sign = 0.018<0.05). These results implied that modelling technique was effective to increase self-efficacy college students of Ahmad Dahlan University boarding school.


With the growth of pendulum stations from 118 in the year 1919, when Sir Sidney B u r r a r d , F.R.S. retired from the Survey of India, to 273 in 1932, and with the display of our numerous deflection observations in the form of the geoid, we have been able to say for practically the whole of India by what amount T (expressed in thickness of rock of ordinary surface density) the ideal state of H a y f o r d ' s isostasy is not attained. We find, apart from the Himalayan regions, that T ranges from + 3,700 to — 6,700 feet. We accordingly are compelled to deny the existence of H a y f o r d isostasy in continental India. In the Himalayan regions, so far as they have been gravitationally explored, we find on the other hand that gravity anomalies are — on average, and to a less degree at individual stations — largely reduced by the H a y f o r d concept. My conclusions are (a) that departure from H a y f o r d ' s concept by amounts of the order of 1 = 1,000 feet is the rule, not the exception, so far as India, excluding the Himalayas, is concerned; (b) that in widely extended regions of great topographical relief (several thousand feet in altitude) this same departure from H a y f o r d ' s concept occurs (of order T — 1,000 feet), but in this case the larger residue of the topography is compensated, on average over considerable areas. This does not imply compensation exactly according to H a y f o r d ; but H a y f o r d ' s concept gives a convenient basis for com putation, which may properly be used failing any better general concept, (c) I accept H a y f o r d as a standard from which anomalies may be reckoned. I would personally incline to make as standard the conception of compensation by a skin density (which would be infinite and have no physical reality) at some appropriate level. This skin density would be equivalent to a variety of real distributions which could be explored at leisure with a view to determining the most plausible, when associated with the ano malies. I am deterred from employing the skin density by the fact that the computation on the basis of H a y f o r d ' s hypothesis has been made for a great number of gravity stations and is widely understood. It is desirable to make allowance for some form of compensation in mountain regions — at least in the case of the Himalayas and, I believe, in general; I also think the same need exists in the case of the oceans. In areas not much above sea-level there is little to compensate, and it is of little conse quence whether any allowance is made or not. It would, however, be difficult and arbi trary to draw a dividing line between mountainous and non-mountainous regions, and it is wholly unlikely that there is any precise division. Hence it is simplest to accept H a y f o r d ' s concept as the standard for both mountainous and non-mountainous regions, i.e. invariably. I am accordingly using H a y f o r d ' s concept for what it is worth. Wherever the anomalies reckoned therefrom are small, the concept has a full chance of recognition. But the anomalies are far larger and more irregular than as constantly claimed by the apostles of H a y f o r d . However unpleasant, it appears to me a duty to point this out with a view to preventing as far as possible the application of the concept to an extent far beyond what the observational facts warrant. I do not want to be merely destruc tive but to check further building on insecure foundations.


Bode's sensitivity integral constraints define a fundamental rule about the limitations of feedback and is referred to as the waterbed effect. In a companion paper, we took a fresh look at this problem using a direct approach to derive our results. In this paper, we will address the same problem, but now in discrete time. Although similar to the continuous case, the discrete-time case poses its own peculiarities and subtleties. The main result is that the sensitivity integral constraint is crucially related to the locations of the unstable open-loop poles of the system. This makes much intuitive sense. Similar results are also derived for the complementary sensitivity function. In that case the integral constraint is related to the locations of the transmission zeros outside the unit circle. Hence all performance limitations are inherently related to the open-loop poles and the transmission zeros outside the unit circle. A number of illustrative examples are presented.


We prove that there does not exist a tiling with Lee spheres of radius at least 2 in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space. In particular, this result verifies a conjecture of Golomb and Welch forn=3.


The gifted Canadian director, film writer and actress Sarah Polley, at age 36, has written and directed three critically acclaimed films: Away From Her (2006), Take This Waltz (2011) and Stories We...


The two-dimensional mixed convection flow in the vicinity of the stagnationpoint of a heated plate embedded in a saturated porous medium is investigated, together with the effects of thermal dispersion and radiation. An analytical approximations of this nonlinear system is obtained by the Homotopy analysis method (HAM), which are in excellent agreement with the numerical results given by the Keller-Box Method (KBM). The convergence of the Homotopy solutions is derived. The error analysis is done to compute the average squared residual errors for flow and temperature. Although lots of numerical results have been reported, to our best of knowledge, no one has reported as explicit, totally analytic, uniformly valid solution for this problem. H. Khabazian Racial decomposition for modules 25-48 Abstract: Block decomposition for rings is extended to modules in [1]. Applying eliminator submodules, we extend this definition to modules differently, name it racial decomposition, and show that every module M has a unique racial decomposition M = ⊕n i=1Mi where each Mi is an eliminator submodule. We also show that the block decomposition for any ring R and the racial decomposition for the module RR, are identical. Racial decomposition provides us with a decomposition for End(M) because End(M) ∼= ∏n i=1 End(Mi). Block decomposition for rings is extended to modules in [1]. Applying eliminator submodules, we extend this definition to modules differently, name it racial decomposition, and show that every module M has a unique racial decomposition M = ⊕n i=1Mi where each Mi is an eliminator submodule. We also show that the block decomposition for any ring R and the racial decomposition for the module RR, are identical. Racial decomposition provides us with a decomposition for End(M) because End(M) ∼= ∏n i=1 End(Mi). Manasi Mandal, Mandobi Banerjee and Nantu Sarkar Different types of rough statistical convergence of order α in probability 49-63 Abstract: In this paper, following the line of work of Das et al. [8] we provide a new approach to some well known summability methods and introduce six new notions namely, rough statistical convergence of order α in probability, rough strong Cesàro convergence of order α in probability, rough lacunary statistical convergence of order α in probability, rough Nθ-convergence of order α in probability, rough λ-statistical convergence of order α in probability and rough [V, λ]-summable of order α in probability. From [8], if α = 1, then among these six concepts of convergence in probability only three are distinct i.e., rough statistical convergence in probability ∼= rough strong Cesàro convergence in probability, rough lacunary statistical convergence in probability ∼= rough Nθ-convergence in probability, rough λ-statistical convergence in probability ∼= rough [V, λ]-summable in probability. For 0 < α < 1 some new examples are constructed to ensure the deviation of six concepts of convergence. So all the six concepts of convergence don't follow the nature of usual extension properties which will be discussed here. In this paper, following the line of work of Das et al. [8] we provide a new approach to some well known summability methods and introduce six new notions namely, rough statistical convergence of order α in probability, rough strong Cesàro convergence of order α in probability, rough lacunary statistical convergence of order α in probability, rough Nθ-convergence of order α in probability, rough λ-statistical convergence of order α in probability and rough [V, λ]-summable of order α in probability. From [8], if α = 1, then among these six concepts of convergence in probability only three are distinct i.e., rough statistical convergence in probability ∼= rough strong Cesàro convergence in probability, rough lacunary statistical convergence in probability ∼= rough Nθ-convergence in probability, rough λ-statistical convergence in probability ∼= rough [V, λ]-summable in probability. For 0 < α < 1 some new examples are constructed to ensure the deviation of six concepts of convergence. So all the six concepts of convergence don't follow the nature of usual extension properties which will be discussed here. Artion Kashuri, Rozana Liko and Muhammad Adil Khan Comfortable fractional integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for twice differentiable generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions 65-95 Abstract: In the present paper, a new class of generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions is introduced and some new integral inequalities for the left-hand side of Gauss-Jacobi type quadrature formula involving generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions are given. Moreover, some generalizations of Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities to generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions that are twice differentiable via conformable fractional integrals are established. These general inequalities give us some new estimates for HermiteHadamard type conformable fractional integral inequalities and also extend some results appeared in the literature [17]. Some applications to special means are also given. In the present paper, a new class of generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions is introduced and some new integral inequalities for the left-hand side of Gauss-Jacobi type quadrature formula involving generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions are given. Moreover, some generalizations of Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities to generalized beta (r, g)-preinvex functions that are twice differentiable via conformable fractional integrals are established. These general inequalities give us some new estimates for HermiteHadamard type conformable fractional integral inequalities and also extend some results appeared in the literature [17]. Some applications to special means are also given. Balvir Singh and Saurabh Porwal On a convex subclass of harmonic univalent functions 97-111 Abstract: The main object of this article is to investigate a new subclass VH(λ, β) of harmonic univalent functions. In this paper, we obtain coefficient inequalities, extreme points, distortion bounds, covering result, convolution and convex combination. We also discuss a class of integral operator that preserve this class. The results obtained for this class reduce to the corresponding results for several known classes in the literature are briefly indicated. The main object of this article is to investigate a new subclass VH(λ, β) of harmonic univalent functions. In this paper, we obtain coefficient inequalities, extreme points, distortion bounds, covering result, convolution and convex combination. We also discuss a class of integral operator that preserve this class. The results obtained for this class reduce to the corresponding results for several known classes in the literature are briefly indicated. James F. Peters Proximal planar shapes. Correspondence between triangulated shapes and nerve complexes 113-137 Abstract: This article considers proximal planar shapes in terms of the proximity of shape nerves and shape nerve complexes. A shape nerve is collection of 2-simplexes with This article considers proximal planar shapes in terms of the proximity of shape nerves and shape nerve complexes. A shape nerve is collection of 2-simplexes with


We report on the changes in conformation of a bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorbed on surface of single all-dielectric (germanium) nanoparticles following light-induced heating to 640 K. This protein is considerably more resistant to heat when adsorbed on the nanoparticle in air than when in solution or the solid state. These observations will facilitate biocompatible usage of all-dielectric nanoparticles in medicine.


This article regards regional labor market as a complex system to build a regional labor migration model. Evolution of employment patterns is estimated on the data within and outside the four regions in 1979- 2011,on which,the evolution of employment patterns among the four regions are discussed. The results show that the evolution of employment patterns among the four regions in China in the past 31 years has been translated from the plunder( Eastern plunder Central,Western,and Northeast) and symbiosis( mutual symbiosis among Central,and Western,and Northeast) patterns into competition( competition between Eastern and Central,Eastern and Northeast,Central and northeast) and plunder( Eastern,Central,and Northeast plunder Western) patterns,and eventually form the "three competition,common plunder"pattern. This evolution of employment patterns began from 1995,and had its basic stereotype in 2004. The evolution of regional labor pattern determines the complexity of workforce shortage.


Recently, many approaches have been proposed to miniaturize the dimensions of frequency selective surface (FSS) array elements. This is usually achieved by increasing the equivalent electrical lengths of array elements. In this paper, a different approach is proposed to realize the miniaturization by making use of the capacitance between adjacent layers of an FSS. Such an FSS will not only have a very small element size, but also have an extremely low profile. The element size is one of the smallest reported so far to the authors' best knowledge.


Purpose: Posterior scleritis is known to be a rare disease. The authors of the present study herein report a case of posterior scleritis, which occurred in a patient's eye, accompanied by hyperthyroidism and recurring in the other eye one year later. Case summary: A 39-year-old female patient visited the hospital for ocular pain in the left eye and a headache. The patient was diagnosed with posterior scleritis through fundus examination, ultrasonography, CT and MRI, and an effective outcome of treatment was obtained by oral administration of methylprednisolone. Four months after discharge, the patient received left subtotal thyroidectomy for thyroid papillary cancer. Seven months after surgery she visited again, due to ocular pain that started 1 week earlier in the left eye, as well as a headache, and was diagnosed with posterior scleritis upon fundus examination, ultrasonography and MRI. Methylprednisolone was administered orally and an effective treatment result was obtained. After discharge, the patient was followed up for 5 months and did not show any signs of recurrence. Conclusions: When a hyperthyroidism patient has ocular pain or a headache, the possibility of posterior scleritis accompaniment should be considered, as well as the possibility that posterior scleritis, which already occurred in one eye, mayrecur in the other eye.


Serum creatinine is an important biomarker used for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The present study was designed after a patient at our institution had a significantly elevated creatinine result taken from an i-STAT point of care test that utilizes electrochemical detection. The patient's creatinine from the i-STAT was 3.8 mg/dL and was not consistent with their clinical history. The patient's previous creatinine taken 2 days prior was 1.39 mg/dL and 1.27 mg/dL seven days prior. Both previous readings were measured with the Siemens Dimension Vista 1500 using a colorimetric enzymatic creatinine method. A subsequent creatinine measured on the Siemens Dimension Vista 1500 was 1.30 mg/dL. Upon chart review, the clinical team noted that the patient is taking 500 mg of hydroxyurea daily for treatment of a myeloproliferative disorder. Review of the i-STAT package insert revealed hydroxyurea as a known interfering substance and states for every 100 µmol/L hydroxyurea in the specimen, creatinine will be increased by approximately 1.85 mg/dL. Review of literature described the positive interference caused by hydroxyurea for the i-STAT creatinine and glucose assays but did not explain the mechanism of this positive interference. In order to characterize the mechanism of hydroxyurea interference, we investigated the situation further. A pool of plasma was spiked with hydroxyurea. The spiked pool was serial diluted (x2, x4, x8, x16, x32, x64, x128) to observe the creatinine results in the presence of and absence of hydroxyurea. The dilution series was analyzed using the Vista enzymatic creatinine and the Abbott i-STAT enzymatic creatinine methods. The i-STAT creatinine results show increasing creatinine concentration from interference as the concentration of hydroxyurea increased. The dilution series suggests increasing positive interference with hydroxyurea. Positive creatinine interference with hydroxyurea was not observed when analyzed on the Vista platform. Hydroxyurea is a widely used treatment for myeloproliferative disorders and also for managing sickle cell disease. Hydroxyurea is known to cause positive interference in the i-STAT enzymatic creatine method that uses electrochemical detection, with the degree of interference correlating with the concentration of hydroxyurea. The Vista colorimetric enzymatic creatinine method was not observed to have hydroxyurea interference. While both methods employ enzymatic reagent systems the final detection approach is important. Patients undergoing hydroxyurea treatment should avoid i-STAT measurement systems for creatinine.


Based on the principal law of seepage flow, considering the possibility of field test, a new field test method is proposed in this paper for determining the permeability parameters of gently dipping structural face or discontinuity. Firstly, a formula of the permeability parameters of gently dipping is deduced. Secondly, a simple water injection test was carried out in the hole penetrating typical structural faces or discontinuities by pneumatic drilling, then the permeability parameters of them were obtained. As an illustrative example, the Xiluodu Hydropower Station is presented and discussed.


As broad-scale distributions of plants are shaped by climatic conditions, changes of climate necessarily result in shifts of distributional limits. These shifts are closely coupled with changes in plant ecophysiology, growth and productivity. Among environments subjected to the highest increase in temperature in the last decade and the greatest expected warming predicted for the future, high-mountain biomes belong to the most frequently considered. Evidence for distributional shifts has been mostly documented in European and American mountains, while the largest and highest mountainous areas are located in Asia. The present study aims to detect climate change-driven shifts in elevation and ecophysiological traits of endemic herb species of Himalaya with the help of herbarium specimens as potential tool. We observed significant rapid upward elevational shift of 55.2 m/decade compared to average global shifting of 6.1 m/decade and impulsive variations in secondary metabolite concentration. Significant negative relationship was found for stomatal density, δ 13 C with the lapse of years. Analysis of instrumental temperature data reveals an increase of 0.31°C in mean maximum and 0.79°C in mean minimum temperature during the last century.


The present invention is an implantable microwave radiation therapy system, comprising a microwave source connected to the power divider, the power divider and aliquoted into a plurality of microwave power transmission branch to the same number of radiating branch on the device. In order to meet the different needs of the clinical tumor size and input power matching, length and shape of the radiator is varied, the output of the radiator directly or implanted within the body tissue surrounding cancer. Between the microwave source and the tissue to be heated has a needle thermocouple, continuously monitors the temperature of heating of the tissue, and automatically adjust the size of the microwave energy source output. The present invention can quickly heat a 3-6 minutes solidification temperature 80-100 ℃ cancer, liver suited to the deep portion (lung) cancer and cancer of other organs portion.


By 2015, there will be an estimated 2.03 billion smartphone users worldwide [1]. This wide spread availability of mobile computing has inspired a surge of peripheral devices that add health-oriented functionality to the smartphone, such as the iBGStar® blood glucose meter and the AliveCor® ECG monitor. By similarly leveraging the power and functionality of the smartphone, we have built an electronic module that, when plugged into the audio jack of a smartphone and combined with disposable test chips, creates a low-cost biosensor. The smartphone would control and power the module through the audio port and analyze the measured data sent back by the module. This portable molecular sensor is meant to augment or replace bulky diagnostic equipment usually confined to labs and enable numerous point-of-care (POC) applications, thereby improving the convenience and speed of medical diagnoses.


Objective:To investigate the efficacy and security of continuous infusion Phenylephrine which were used to prevent hypotension by spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.Methods:60 cesarean section patients,ASA gradeⅠ to Ⅱ,age 20 to 32,were injected lactated Ringers solution at the rate of 15-20 ml/(kg·h).60 patients were randomly divided into two groups.Group A for the control group,was used combined-spinal-epidural anesthesia,after spinal anesthesia suc cessful,was adjusted the position of patients title to the left at 15°-20° before skin incision.Group B for the observation group,after spinal anesthesia successful,was immediately injected Phenylephrine at the rate of 100 μg/ml by 2 min,then injected the Phenylephrine at the rate of 0.3-0.5 μg/(kg·min) until parturition end,other methods were the same as group A.After anesthesia,SBP of two group patients were observed respectively at 2,5,8,10,15,20,25 min,and recorded the incidence of hypotension,nausea,vomiting and the Apgar score of neonates in 1 and 5 min.Results:After anesthesia,SBP of group A was dramatically decline in 5 and 20 min,compared with that before anesthesia,and compared with group B,the difference was statistically significant,all P0.01.After anesthesia,the blood pressure of group B was stable,compared with that before anesthesia,P0.05.The incidence of hypotension,nausea,vomiting of group A was higher than group B,P0.01.Apgar scores of two groups were normal in 1 and 5 min,P0.05.Conclusion:Continuous infusion of Phenylephrine to prevent hypotension by spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is a safety and effective method.


The purpose of  research is determine of molecule of Fe 2+ from well and PDAM. This research used two sample, they are from well and PDAM. This research used spectrophotomery using 1.10 phenantroline solution. Phenantroline would change all ferrous ion to Fe 2+ dissoluable. Three molecules of phenantroline joint with one molecule of Fe 2+  form orange-red complex ion. Reffering to Standarization from Healthy Minister of Republic Indonesia No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, the allowable maximum ferrum concentration in the drinking water is 0,3 ppm. The experiment showed that the ferrum concentration of well were 0,08 and 0,054 g/mL and the ferrum concentration of PDAM were 0,636 mg/L, 2,004 mg/L, 1,939 mg/L, 0,226 mg/L, 0,627 mg/L and 1,003 mg/L. Key words: drinking water,  molecule of Fe 2+ , spectrophotomery


Sulfur K- and titanium L2,3-edge absorption spectra of transition-metal disulfide, TiS2, were measured using x-ray-absorption spectroscopy ~XAS! and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy ~EELS!, respectively. All features in the experimental spectra are very well reproduced by full multiple-scattering-theory calculations. Combined analysis of theoretical and experimental XAS and EELS spectra, and linear muffin-tin orbital band-structure calculations, tend to demonstrate that TiS 2 is a semimetal. @S0163-1829~96!51932-6#


Microearthquakes with magnitudes between -6 and -2 have been observed in three successive massive injections of water at the hot dry rock geothermal energy development project's demonstration site at Fenton Hill, NM. The injections were part of a program to increase the heat transfer area of hydraulic fractures and to decrease the flow-through impedance between wells in the energy extraction system under construction. The microearthquakes were used in mapping the location of the extended hydraulic fractures. The large shear- to compressional-wave-amplitude ratio observed in the signals suggests that the microearthquakes result from shear failure, probably on preexisting planes of weakness that intersect or make up the main hydraulic system. Failure resulting from increased pore pressure is a likely cause for the microearthquakes. Knowledge of the failure criterion for the reservoir rocks permits calculation of the pore pressure increases necessary for failure. At Fenton Hill, it appears that pressures 2 Pa (0.00029 psi) above hydrostatic are necessary. For this hypothesis of microearthquake occurrence to hold, the effective reservoir permeability must be four orders of magnitude above that for the bulk rock, as would be the case if there were permeable joints or fractures in the reservoir before hydraulic stimulation.


* cited by examiner Primary Examiner — Sean Shechtman (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Muncy, Geissler, Olds & Lowe, PLLC (57) ABSTRACT An early-warning apparatus for health detection of a servo motor and a method for operating the same are applied to estimate vibration phenomenon of a CNC tool machine. First, a vibration signal is produced through a vibration detecting unit. Afterward, the vibration signal is sequentially sent to a data buffer. Afterward, the vibration signal is transformed in time and frequency domains through a time-frequency trans forming unit. Finally, a deterioration index is calculated through a deterioration index calculating unit to obtain a health index which is calculated through a health index cal culating unit. Therefore, the build-in vibration detecting unit is provided to dispense with additional external sensors. Fur thermore, the vibration phenomenon of the servo motor of the CNC tool machine is estimated according to the health index, thus analyzing non-linear and non-stationary characteristics of the estimated vibration phenomenon. 14 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets


Sixty-three children with persistent nocturnal enuresis were urodynamically assessed and subsequently treated with oxybutynin chloride. Urodynamic evaluation, including graduation of detrusor instability and comparison of maximum bladder capacity with the age-predicted norm, confirmed an inadequate storage function in 84% of the children. Treatment benefit totaling 70% was dependent upon urodynamic findings, with best relation to the determined bladder capacity. The value attributed to graduation of uninhibited contractions was prognostic in accordance with further subdivision of the maximum bladder capacity. Treatment benefit was limited in children with normal urodynamic findings.


This study aimed to find out the morphological evolution process for future vision of world smart city. The contents and methods of study was divided and compared by 4 continents and Korea focused on the convergence numbers of ET and IT in smart city and did correlation analysis and analysis of convergence number in device/technology by periods. The analysis materials were 32 cases of smart city in whole world and times were 4 periods. The results of study were listed below. First, the smart city in period 1 was morphological evolutions preserved environment and kept natural form of existing city and filled up device/technology. Second, the smart city in period 2 was morphological evolutions through ET-centric development. Third, the smart city in period 3 was morphological evolutions through advancement of ET and device/technology related to production of energy. Forth, the smart city in period 4 was morphological evolutions fusing, dissipating and creating new ET and IT through the advancement process of all technologies. In conclusion, morphological evolution of smart city will change systematic city structure of convergence form, not each discriminating development between ET and IT, and the forming of smart city will be evolved by repetitive convergence process of technologies continually.


During the late 1970s it became more and more apparent that an investigation of the regions extending above the earth's dayside polar cusp is very important from a scientific point of view. The feasibility of a mission for implementing such an investigation was studied. It was found that a sounding rocket vehicle having the necessary payload throw capability and the required low trajectory dispersion did not exist within the NASA inventory. It was, therefore, decided to develop a suitable sounding rocket, the Black Brant X (BBX), in a cooperative effort including NASA, the Canadian National Research Council, and a number of aerospace companies. Attention is given to a BBX vehicle description, BBX flight results, and the BBX flight capabilities


Abstract The present work aimed at studying the sicklefin devil ray (Mobula tarapacana) that aggregates seasonally in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA). From December 2008 to June 2016, 827 rays were sighted through free diving visual census survey. From the total of the records, it was possible to identify the sex of 361 specimens, in which 215 were females and 146 were males. The disk width ranged from 2.40 m to 3.20 m with mean size of 2.60 m, for both males and females, indicating that the population is composed by sub-adults and adults. Using photo-identification of the pectoral-fins in the ventral side, 11 males and 44 females were identified and compared with each other, but no re-sight was detected. Recent mating scars were observed in males (n= 7) and females (n= 6), as well as courtship and pursuit behaviors, confirming that the SPSPA is an important area of aggregation and mating for M. tarapacana in the Atlantic Ocean.


Abstract Two new species of Tethyidae (Porifera Demospongiae), Halicometes stonei from the Andamane Islands and Stellitethya murrayi from the South‐Arabian coast, on material coming from the Natural History Museum of London, are described. H. stonei is a stalked species characterized by large oxyasters while 5. murray is encrusting with typical giant megasters, the largest for all the Tethyidae.


Many researches have been carried out for enhancing low-light images over the past decades. One of the methods is Retinex theory, where reflectance component is recovered and illumination component is attenuated. Recently, hand-crafted approaches for low-light enhancement have been replaced by artificial neural networks. This paper presents a convolutional neural network that can replace the Retinx-based low-light enhancement method. Experiments carried out on 120 low-light images validated the feasibility of the replacement by producing satisfactory reflectance images.