Abstract Math anxiety is extremely prevalent in the general population, but tends to have gender and age as key aspects to occurrence. A factor in this may be that many elementary teachers tend to be math phobic. This paper looks at two returning adult college students who participated in a Math Anxiety Workshop as well as follow-up mathematics tutoring and their battles with math anxiety. Introduction As an instructor of preservice teachers, I am always faced with instances of math anxiety in my students. I teach classes in mathematics methods of instruction to both prospective secondary and elementary teachers. Interestingly, even the students who will be secondary teachers have phobias that need to be addressed, these tending most often to be in the areas of problem solving, probability, or geometry. However, it is with elementary education majors that I run into the most severe cases of math anxiety. It seems to me, after many years of working with these students, that about two-thirds of them come in with feelings of inadequacy about their math ability, fears of having to teach math, and tendencies toward avoidance of math. My present elementary education major students have been required to pass three university math courses; one college algebra and two focused on elementary mathematics, and still have these reservations. Given the amount of information that can be found on the internet regarding math anxiety (a Google search turned up 1,510,000 listings on this topic), I know this is common across the nation. Specifically, two recent articles in the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics' (NCTM) journal Teaching Children Mathematics (Wolodko, Willson, and Johnson, 2003; Guillaume and Kirtman, 2005) share studies of preservice elementary teachers' backgrounds in mathematics and how to deal with negative attitudes, a further indication that this problem is wide spread. Additionally, it appears that starting in adolescence, math anxiety is far more common in females than in males (Hyde, Fennema, and Lamon, 1990). Since the vast majority of elementary teachers are female, this highlights how common math anxiety is and how easy it may be to pass on the same problems to generations of students. However, it is not just teachers who are burdened with this phobia. In fact many people may choose not to pursue a career as a teacher because of their fear of taking and teaching mathematics courses. Walker and Karp (2005) indicate that math phobia is so widespread in the United States that it "profoundly affects the country's policies, teaching practices, and ultimately students' performance" (p.39). Having math anxiety may not, of course, mean a person cannot understand or do certain mathematical tasks, but it can inhibit the ability to learn or successfully demonstrate that learning. While a distinction must be made between math anxiety and test anxiety, which means that students may not be able to convince others of what they know mathematically (Kazelskis, Reeves and Kirsh, 2000), the two are tightly connected. Since testing is the most common means of determining acquisition of math knowledge and skills for instructors, many students tend to exhibit test anxiety primarily in mathematics rather than in other subjects. So while a math anxiety that involves avoidance or negative self-talk may cause a test anxiety, it is also possible that a test anxiety may generate a conditioned math anxiety (Hembree, 1990). In either case, the two appear to be linked for most students with math anxiety. A workshop on math anxiety During a time I was working in student support services setting, I coordinated the math tutoring services for the college. This involved one-on-one tutoring, training of peer tutors, running final exam review sessions, and student advising. A large number of students I worked with were adults returning to college, many of them extremely fearful of the math they would need to do after many years out of school. …


-A survey of U.S. east coast estuaries confirms that large-scale rapid removal of iron from river water is a general phenomenon during estuarine mixing. The river-borne 'dissolved' iron consists almost entirely of mixed iron oxide-organic matter colloids, of diameter less than 0.45 pm, stabilized by the dissolved organic matter. Precipitation occurs on mixing because the seawater cations neutralize the negatively charged iron-bearing colloids allowing flocculation. The process has been duplicated in laboratory experiments using both natural filtered and unfiltered river water and a synthetic colloidal goethite in 0.05 ktrn filtered water. The colloidal nature of the iron has been further confirmed by ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration. A major consequence of the precipitation phenomena is to reduce the effective input of 'dissolved' iron to the ocean by about 90% of the primary river value, equivalent to a concentration of less than 1 pmol per liter of river water.


There has been no report on the life prediction for gas turbine materials at high temperatures based on the creep properties and their relationship with the AE(acoustic emission) properties as a means of real-time non-destructive testing. One of the important issues is thus to develop a reliable method of evaluating creep properties by the AE technique. In this paper, the real-time evaluation of high temperature creep time and AE cumulative counts for nickel-based superalloy Udimet 720 was performed on round-bar type specimens under pure load at the temperatures of 811, 922 and 977K. The total AE cumulative counts until the starting point of secondary creep() and that of tertiary creep() have quantitative relationship with the tertiary creep time and the rupture time. It is thus possible to construct the life prediction system based on creep and the prevention system of tertiary creep by using AE technique.


Objective: Our aim is to reveal the management of pregnant women in the antenatal period or during cesarean section (CS) who are found to have adnexal masses during antenatal period or CS and discuss the consequences thereof based on the literature findings. Methods: The data of 2364 patients with scheduled or emergency CS performed at Koru Ankara Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic between June 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The largest diameter measured in the pathology results was taken as the diameter of the masses. Results: Twenty-six (1.09%) patients were found to have adnexal masses. None of the patients had an adnexal mass known before pregnancy. All cases of fibroids are excluded. Eighteen patients were diagnosed in the antenatal period, in the pregnancy week 10.5±1.2 on average (69%), and no changes were observed in the masses during pregnancy. In 8 cases, however, adnexal masses were detected incidentally during CS (31%). Masses found in 5 out of 26 patients were paraovarian or paratubal (19.2%) whereas the remaining 21 patients were identified to have ovarian masses. The histological types of these ovarian masses can be listed based on their prevalence as follows: mature cystic teratoma (34.6%), serous cystadenoma (15.4%) and endometrioma (15.4%), mucinous cyst (11.5%), and fibroma (3.9%). The masses, which tend to be the largest in size, are serous cystadenomas having an average size of 62.64±22.18 mm. Conclusion: Adnexal masses in pregnancy can be monitored considering the patient's clinical findings and the presence of a malignancy suspicion or can be operated in the appropriate trimester. Masses observed during cesarean section may be removed and sent for a pathological examination, depending on the surgeon's decision.


Background: Voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv) β2 subunits (Kvβ2) belong to the aldoketo-reductase superfamily and associate with the Kv channel modulating its function. Also, Kvβ2 binds pyridine...


At present, the overall morality of tuition-free normal students takes on a positive and healthy situation, which embodies from high quality minds, better comments on the profession of teacher, explicit study goals, as well as the spirituality of keeping forging ahead. During the process of carrying on the policy of tuition-free normal students, the systems of enrollment, elimination and reward need perfecting urgently, the education of professional ideals and occupational belief also needs enhancing. Governments at all levels should clarify their responsibilities, improve the policy environment, and expand the covering surface of the policy, in order to promote the policy of tuition-free normal students. In addition, it also needs to establish a linkage mechanism among subordinates normal universities, local governments and elementary and secondary schools.


Motivation Pairwise alignment of nucleotide sequences has previously been carried out using the seed- and-extend strategy, where we enumerate seeds (shared patterns) between sequences and then extend the seeds by Smith-Waterman-like semi-global dynamic programming to obtain full pairwise alignments. With the advent of massively parallel short read sequencers, algorithms and data structures for efficiently finding seeds have been extensively explored. However, recent advances in single-molecule sequencing technologies have enabled us to obtain millions of reads, each of which is orders of magnitude longer than those output by the short-read sequencers, demanding a faster algorithm for the extension step that accounts for most of the computation time required for pairwise local alignment. Our goal is to design a faster extension algorithm suitable for single-molecule sequencers with high sequencing error rates (e.g., 10-15%) and with more frequent insertions and deletions than substitutions. Results We propose an adaptive banded dynamic programming algorithm for calculating pairwise semi-global alignment of nucleotide sequences that allows a relatively high insertion or deletion rate while keeping band width relatively low (e.g., 32 or 64 cells) regardless of sequence lengths. Our new algorithm eliminated mutual dependences between elements in a vector, allowing an efficient Single-Instruction-Multiple-Data parallelization. We experimentally demonstrate that our algorithm runs approximately 5× faster than the extension alignment algorithm in NCBI BLAST+ while retaining similar sensitivity (recall). We also show that our extension algorithm is more sensitive than the extension alignment routine in DALIGNER, while the computation time is comparable. Availability The implementation of the algorithm and the benchmarking scripts are available at https://github.com/ocxtal/adaptivebandbench. Contact email@example.com


Abstract Conservation of agricultural biodiversity has become an important paradigm in efforts to promote sustainable development throughout the world. This is especially the case in Andean countries, where ex situ conservation of crops has been a focus of attention since the 1970s. In Peru in the early 1990s, researchers and development specialists also focused on in situ conservation and the participation of campesino communities in mountain development processes. They designed the Cajamarca model as a result of several years of experience in rural development projects. This model includes so-called seed fairs (Figure 1) and encourages the creation of local seed banks managed by a conservationist campesino association. The HimalAndes Project, which promotes technical cooperation to support exchange of seeds and local knowledge between mountain agriculture ecosystems, is another recent project with a partial focus on agrobiodiversity conservation in Andean and other countries.


Life is about change and instability – so should we be surprised that our favorite T-cell lineages are not as stable as we desperately hoped they would be? Probably not, and as much as this complicates our scientific lives, we need to understand this and learn to interpret our data accordingly, no matter how little we like it. But let's start at the beginning.


The extensive disposal of plastic components into the environment requires an economically and ecologically feasible solution for the proper treatment or new uses for plastic waste. This study compares the environmental and mechanical performance of a sandwich panel based on disposed bottle caps core with different eco‐friendly skins and adhesive. A cradle‐to‐gate life cycle assessment compares the environmental impacts of the manufacture of six‐bottle cap panel designs with various skin (aluminum, recycled PET, and flax laminates) and adhesive types (epoxy vs. biopolymer) by calculating their ReCiPe midpoint impact indicators. An eco‐mechanical indicator is additionally proposed to measure the efficiency of designs with greater strength/stiffness and less environmental footprint. The bio‐based skin on the sandwich panel significantly reduces environmental damage between 32% and 87% compared to metallic skins. Recycled skin promotes the lowest impacts, while considerably reducing mechanical performance. The bio‐based adhesive has emissions up to 15% lower than epoxy. The eco‐mechanical balance showed up to 630% higher efficiency for bottle cap panel designs based on bio‐based polymer, flax‐based skins, and/or less adhesive depending on the mechanical response. Promising environmental performance with superior mechanical strength highlights the potential of bottle caps as an eco‐friendly honeycomb for secondary construction and transport structures.


In this paper, the authors introduce and review the application of RS and GIS in landslide susceptibility analysis, probability analysis, risk analysis and debris flow information system, danger assessment and early warning. The future of landslide and debris flow forecast on 3S basis, landslide monitoring by use of INSAR and decision support system of hazard prevention and mitigation is also prospected.


The coupling of light into a waveguide characterized by an intensity dependent propagation constant has been demonstrated experimentally. Limiting action was observed at milliwatt waveguide powers with a liquid crystal medium filling the gap between a prism and a glass waveguide.


This paper summarises the results of the "Low dislocation GaN substrates for space applications" project (contract no. 4000108320/13/NL/KML). The goal of this project was to obtain two-inch semi-insulating Gallium Nitride substrates (of resi stivity not lower that 10 5 Ω cm) of very low dislocation density by ammonothermal method. High resistivity was achieved due to a compensation of unintentional oxy gen donors (of concentration 1x10 18 cm) by shallow Mg acceptors. In the project, the 2-inch diameter high lyresistive seeds and crystals were obtained. From th ese crystals the 2-inch semi-insulating substrates were machined and their surfaces were polished to the ep iready state. The final parameters (dislocation dens ity 2x10 cm, lattice curvature radius of several tens of meters, resistivity of at least 10 11 Ω cm ) indicate outstanding structural and electrical quality of th is new product.


HYSICAL fitness has been frequently r in the news in the past few years, especially since Mr. Kennedy has called attention to the "softness" of American youth and has vigorously urged programs of physical education to improve the fitness of young Americans. This phenomenon is unusual for peacetime, since in the past it has been the Draft Boards and the Armed Services who have discovered that a large fraction of American boys have inadequate levels of physical and emotional fitness to meet the demands of military service. Perhaps the factor most instrumental in bringing fitness to attention is the wounding of national pride by the poor showing American boys and girls have made on tests which have also been applied to children in several European countries and in the Far East. Interpretation of some of the tests is subject to serious criticism, but there is no doubt that significant differences exist in muscular performance and general fitness for athletics. Howard Knuttgen1 has recently reported a study of boys and girls in public schools in Copenhagen, having used the American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation Youth Fitness Test which had been standardized on 8,500 American children of comparable ages.2 The comparison was made for the nonaquatic events in the battery of tests. The Danish girls exceeded the American averages in all seven tests; 71 per cent of the Danish girls were equal to or better than the American 50 percentile score in the 50yard dash and they excelled even more in the other events. Comparable figures for superiority in other events were 76 per cent for the softball throw, 82 per cent for sit-ups, 89 per cent for standing broad jump, 90 per cent for pullups, 96 per cent for the shuttle run, and 99 per cent for the 600-yard run-walk. Most of these are tests of muscle strength, skill, and speed, but it is significant that the Danish girls excelled by the greatest margin in the 600-yard run, the test that puts the greatest demand on the general physiologic responses of the body-the integrated circulatory and respiratory responses to strenuous exercise. The results for boys were slightly less unfavorable to the Americans, but the Americans were superior in only one event-the softball throw. As in the case of the girls, the American boys' performance was poorest in the test that makes the greatest physiologic demands -the 600-yard run; 45 per cent of the Danish boys did as well in this event as the best 10 per cent of American boys and 96 per cent did as well or better than the American average. The differences in fitness are striking whether the comparisons are based on age groups alone or whether they are standardized for height and weight. The results are not really surprising when one considers the contrast in living habits between the two countries-one a country characterized by bicycle riding, walking, and general sports participation, and the other a country better


Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on lead halide perovskite have attracted much attention owing to the fast development of their power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% to 25%. Various factors play important roles in affecting the conversion efficiency of PSCs, such as charge carrier generation, transport, recombination, and collection. In addition, the presence of interfacial defects has also a crucial effect in charge carrier transfer and recombination processes. However, the origin and mechanism of interfacial charge recombinations in PSCs are still not comprehensively investigated. For that purpose, we have performed intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS) and transient photovoltage (TPV) measurements of PSCs, which were fabricated with FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/Perovskite/PTAA/Au cell structure. The solar cell (J-V) characteristics of the PSCs on the day-1, day-2, day-3, and day-6 after the cell fabrication, indicating a significant degradation of the cell with time. The Nyquist plots of IMVS measurement on the same day as the J-V measurement seem to be composed of two semicircles at a lower frequency range and a higher frequency range. The semicircle at the lower frequency range enlarged on the day-6 measurement, but the semicircle at higher frequency decreased. The change of this Nyquist plot is in agreement with a significant decrease in the J-V curves. The semicircle at lower frequency may be assigned to the ion diffusion or migration. Therefore, cell degradation may be caused by the liberation of ions (including iodide) from the surface of the perovskite crystal structure. It then increases recombination loss due to back charge transfer from TiO2 to perovskite as indicated by the changing of the semicircle at high frequency into a smaller semicircle. Therefore, the present results reemphasize that the improvement of PSC stability needs the prevention of ions liberations from the surface by introducing passivation substances. In addition, the results also show the practical usefulness of IMVS for inspecting PSC degradation due to such an ion liberation process.


One of the characteristics of a good composition
is coherence. It is important for a writer to make use of
this characteristic in putting ideas on paper since it
helps a writer to organize his/her ideas as clearly as
possible so that the readers will not find it too
difficult to understand what he has written.
This study investigated the expository composition
coherence of the fifth semester students of the English
Department of Widya Mandala University with the intension
to describe the coherence quality between (a) the thesis
statement and the topic sentences of each essay, and (b)
how the transitional words/phrases are used.
To achieve these objectives, the writer asked 21
students to write an expository composition about "The
Reasons of the Clothing Regulation Issued by the English
Department of Widya Mandala Catholic University". The
population of this study was the fifth semester students
who took Writing IV at the English Department of Widya
Mandala. After the data were collected, the writer
analyzed them in terms of the thesis statement and topic
sentence relationship, topic sentence and supporting
sentences relationship and the use of transitional words/
phrases.
The data analysis showed that 30% of the 105
paragraphs under study were coherent and the other 70%
were not coherent. Of these incoherent paragraphs, 35%
were written with more than one main idea, 22% with no
clear order, 5% with missing sentence and 5% with
incomplete paragraphs. These findings show that the
coherence between paragraphs is already good, the
coherence within the paragraph is still poor while the
uses of transitional words/phrases are good enough.
Based on these findings, it can be concluded that
most of the students under study still found difficulties
in writing their compositions coherently especially in
terms of idea organization and relevant supporting
sentence choice. It is suggested that the writing
teachers emphasize the importance of thinking critically
and outlining to help the students organize their ideas
coherently. It is also suggested that the teachers
encourage their students to be self correctors by training
them to do peer corrections.
Finally, it is suggested that further studies concerning this topic be conducted in order to obtain more generalizable findings and more conclusive statements.


Patients with two congenital heart diseases (CHDs), Ebstein's anomaly (EA) and left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC), suffer higher morbidity than either CHD alone. The genetic etiology and pathogenesis of combined EA/LVNC remain largely unknown. We investigated a familial EA/LVNC case associated with a variant (p.R237C) in the gene encoding kelch-like protein 26 (KLHL26) by differentiating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from affected and unaffected family members into cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and assessing iPSC-CM morphology, function, gene expression, and protein abundance. In comparison with unaffected iPSC-CMs, CMs containing the KLHL26 (p.R237C) variant exhibited aberrant morphology including distended endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) and dysmorphic mitochondria, and aberrant function that included decreased contractions per minute, altered calcium transients, and increased proliferation. Pathway enrichment analyses based on RNASeq data indicated that the "structural constituent of muscle" pathway was suppressed, while the "ER lumen" pathway was activated. Taken together, these findings suggest that iPSC-CMs containing this KLHL26 (p.R237C) variant develop dysregulated ER/SR, calcium signaling, contractility, and proliferation.


A microscope having a through-light interference-contrast device with an analyzer (1) in the imaging beam path additionally has according to the invention in the imaging direction immediately behind the analyzer (1) comprises two glass wedge plates (2, 3) which are designed and aligned such that the sums -Strahlablenkung of the two glass wedge plates (2, 3) the beam deflection produced by the analyzer (1) which causes an image offset is compensated to zero. In a microscopy method for the generation of sub-pictures of a transmitted-light interference-contrast image and a fluorescence image, which are recorded by a camera (35), the image offset between the two images is compensated. According to the invention the compensation of the image shift with said optical means (2, 3) is generated. This allows pixel-perfect superimposition of the individual images directly in the overlay image.


Evidence concerning the incidence and nature of abuse of the elderly comes mainly from North America. We explored the experiences of abuse of older women and caretakers in three European countries and investigated services available to abused older women. Just less than 20% of our sample of women older than the age of 59 had experienced some form of financial, psychological, or physical abuse. Of those mistreated, 24% reported abuse ongoing over years, and 39% reported distressing effects persisting for years. European support services are only beginning to focus on this problem, and further research is needed to define the best practices.


This paper is an attempt to analyse briefly the literature on the Nandi-speaking peoples of Kenya with the object of noting structural similarities and differences between them. In particular the inquiry is directed to discovering whether their political structures conform to the same general type.


Recent work on asteroid harmonics has turned up some very interesting results. In particular, it has revealed that there is a structure to the centers of mass of the asteroid orbits. These centers of mass themselves form nearly perfectly circular rings, with centers that mostly lie in the neighborhood of a triangle formed by the centers of mass of the sun, Mars, and Jupiter. There are some basic terms used in describing planetary orbits that are needed to discuss the work on asteroids. The characteristics that determine the orbit of an asteroid (or planet) are known as the orbital elements. These elements include:


Abstract Long-chain, (4 E ,9 E )-unsaturated, diesters can be prepared efficiently by double Ireland-Claisen rearrangements, as in 4 → 5 → 6 . By combination with appropriate E ot Z enol borinate aldol reactions, a high level of stereocontrol can be achieved at the four chiral centres and two trisubstituted double bonds in 11, 15, 30, 31 and 32 .


During the development of nitrile-butadiene-rubber-based coatings, persistent foaming—a grave obstacle in such applications—was encountered, An investigation was undertaken to study the behavior of foams in order to prevent their formation. Both the apparent viscosity and the foam stability were found to attain their minimum values at the same filler level. It is plausible that the observed phenomenon is due to the binding of polymer chains to filler particles, which takes place most effectively at a certain proportion of filler and polymer.


Through cause analysis for pressure reduction of No.2 pulsed oil,eliminated the hidden trouble that IV can't closed when the steam turbine was shut down.Then brought forward some advice for the work in the future.


This work presents an efficient VLSI architecture for the deblocking filter in H.264/AVC standard. The computing flow is reordered for easy hardware implementation. The resulting design can achieve 100 MHz with a gate count of 9.16 K when synthesized from Verilog RTL design by using UMC 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. When clocked at 82.58 MHz, our design can easily support real-time deblocking of 2K /spl times/ 1K @ 30 Hz video application; this high performance can meet high resolution real-time application requirement.


This article reviews the influence of Edmund Husserl's phenomenology on Raymond Aron's philosophy of history. In trying to create an original synthesis of Husserl's phenomenology and Max Weber's neo-Kantianism, Aron fashioned a dialectical logic that ultimately proved to be unstable. This tension accounts for the ambiguity and inconsistencies in some areas of Aron's thinking.


In April 2001, I had the privilege of interviewing Pedro Ramı́rez Vázquez, chairman of the organizing committee for the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City. I ended the interview by recalling my own memories of the games, as a 12-year-old watching the events on a black-and-white television in England. For me, four salient moments stood out: Bob Beaman's record-breaking long-jump; Dick Fosbury's revolutionary technique in the high-jump; the raised fists of the African-American athletes; and, being British, the unforgettable commentary of David Coleman, as he saw David Hemery home to victory in the final of the men's 400 metres hurdles. Expecting a positive reply, I asked if he was pleased that the majority of my recollections were of great sporting moments. He replied with a blunt 'No'. Although he understood why I remembered what I had, he said that what the organizing committee had wanted above all else was for the world's audience to remember Mexico. [1]. Bearing Ramı́rez Vázquez's words in mind, this collection asks what Mexicans hoped to achieve by hosting the games and what image of Mexico they sought to portray. In doing so, it considers what these aspirations reveal about the nature of Mexican society 50 years after the Mexican Revolution (1910–17); a destructive civil war that was credited with having ended class privileges and ethnic tensions, and that had led Mexicans towards a bright future in which all its citizens had a stake. The 1968 games provided a rare opportunity for the nation to demonstrate such advances to a world-wide audience. It also presented an opportunity to separate substance from rhetoric and reveal the true extent of progress in post-revolutionary Mexico. Mexico's bid to host the Olympic Games could hardly have come at a more contentious phase in international relations. As Cold War politics went, the 1960s was a particularly chilly period. The construction of the Berlin Wall, the Bay of Pigs fiasco and the Cuban Missile Crisis were all fresh in the minds of International Olympic Committee (IOC) delegates as they descended upon Baden-Baden in October 1963 to consider the candidates bidding for the 1968 games. In the years that followed, President John F. Kennedy and Malcolm X would be assassinated; the Vietnam War would escalate to new heights; Ernesto 'Che' Guevara would be killed trying to export revolution to Latin America; and European colonialism would enter terminal decline as former African territories took on new names and new leaders and embarked on new disputes with their neighbours. In the year of the games themselves, Soviet tanks rolled into Prague; the streets of major European and US cities were filled with students who dared to 'take on the system'; Martin Luther King The International Journal of the History of Sport Vol. 26, No. 6, May 2009, 711–722


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mean shear bond strength between 3 systems of resin cements ( total etch, self etch, self adhesive ) and coronal dentin. The crowns of 40 extracted premolars were split longitudinally in buccolingual direction, and then split in mesiodistal direction (from DEJ 1 mm). The crowns were mounted in aluminum ring with self cure acrylic resin. Specimens were wet abraded with 600-grit SiC paper and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=20). Eighty cylinders were made with Z350 composite resin ( AE 2 mm., 3 mm. in thickness). Composite resin specimens were bonded with dentin specimens by using either resin cement Variolink ® II (Group1), Panavia TM F2.0 (Group2), RelyX TM U100 (Group3), and Multilink ® sprint (Group4) strictly following manufacturer's instructions. The specimens were stored in water at 37 ± 2 0 C for 24 hours. The specimens were tested to failure by a Instron ® universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm./min. Shear bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test (p Results showed the mean shear bond strength(MPa) were: Group1 19.71±4.6 0 , Group2 17.36± 5.42, Group3 5.03±0.91; Group4 2.85±0.93. Group1 and 2 resulted statistically no significant difference was found (p>0.05) but higher mean shear bond strengths(p Keywords:  Shear bond strength, Resin cement, Coronal Dentin


A modified Laemmli procedure was utilized to obtain gel electrophoretie resolution of protein components in soy and beef isolates and in processed meat products containing soy protein isolate (SPI). Height and area ratios of selected soy and beef components (α', α-subunits of β-conglycinin and actin) were calculated from densitometric scans and compared with similar ratios calculated for soy and beef mixtures of known composition. This method permitted the quantitation of soy protein (±0.14%) in raw and pasteurized frankfurters and should be applicable to other selected soy-containing meat products.


These biosensors are now incorporated into modern blood gas analyzers and other point-of-care analytical instruments, allowing lactate measurement by nonlaboratory staff on a drop (100 μL) of blood within a minute or two. Whilst blood lactate concentration is invariably raised in those with significant tissue hypoxia, it can also be raised in a number of conditions not associated with tissue hypoxia.


According to the abstract feature common to all current worm,this paper proposes an automated method for detecting unknown worm based on packet content and completes a system.In complementation it solves the problems of computing repetitive content and matching multiple contents,and compares the effect of various parameters.Preliminary results on a simulated experiment show promising results: the system has identified worms with a low percentage of false positives and dealt with the traffic at speed of 40Mbps.Besides,multiple machines can be deployed on the node of bone network,to detect worm in a parallel way.


All papers have been peer-reviewed. This volume includes the contributions to the International Workshop on Geometry and Physics: Special Metrics and Supersymmetry, held at the University of the Basque Country, Bilbao (Spain), from May 29 to 31, 2008. The topics covered by the volume deal with leading aspects of algebraic and differential geometry with special emphasis to their potential applications in supersymmetry and string theories. The areas covered by the proceedings are algebraic geometry, differential geometry and mathematical physics. In greater detail, they cover outstanding topics such as homological mirror symmetry, generalized Hodge theory, coassociative sub manifolds, special geometric structures, geometric structures, Killing spinors, torsion geometry, string theory, supersymmetry and T-duality, among others.


The most recent results from the investigation of the atomic dynamics of amorphous and icosahedral alloys using neutron inelastic scattering techniques are briefly presented. Short wavelength collective excitations, low energy modes, and structural relaxation in metallic glasses are covered. The dynamics of the disorder-dominated metastable rapidly quenched icosahedral alloys is contrasted with the first very detailed results obtained most recently for the phonon density of states and the dispersion of acoustic phonons in stable slowly cooled icosahedral alloys.


International environmental regimes are considered key factors in dealing with global environmental problems. It is important to understand if and how these regimes are effective in solving or improving global environmental problems. In this paper we present a multidisciplinary approach to formalize knowledge on the effectiveness of environmental regimes. We constructed a conceptual framework to enhance systematic analysis of conditions that influence regime effectiveness and implemented this into a computer model using fuzzy logic reasoning. We applied the model in a preliminary analysis of two environmental regimes, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The model can be used to analyze past and future attempts to develop and implement environmental regimes, highlighting the determinants which contribute to success or failure. Results from these analyses can be used to improve scenario storylines in integrated assessment modeling. Although this paper shows that formalizing knowledge on environmental regime theory is not a trivial endeavor, it facilitates and improves the cooperation between scientists from regime theory and integrated assessment.


In order to reduce the cost and to improve the design efficiency,the simulation of the quadruped robot was made.Pro / E was used to build the three dimensional( 3-D) model of the robot,then it was put into the ADAMS software of virtual prototype to build the mechanical system model,and Matlab / Simulink toolbox was used to build the control system. The interface between them is used to do the coordinated simulation and to verify the feasibility of the design.


Abstract Shipping constitutes the majority of the world trade, and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is the primary involuntary all-condition ship monitoring and classification approach. However, large SAR datasets for deep learning are difficult to curate, usually leading to imbalanced classes. Herein, conventional methods such as weighted cost function or over-sampling are shown to be insufficient for our application. Therefore, we propose to utilize a Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN) to be trained on the minority class, and generate new SAR chips to balance the training dataset. A case study is consequently presented that utilizes our methodology, and a base classifier is devised to evaluate its performance. The investigation of the classification metrics confirms that DCGAN is an effective alternative for tackling imbalanced ship SAR data for deep learning applications.


The objective of this work is the creation of a resource recommendation ap-plication in Python integrated into the code of the virtual edX platform, which appears as an additional tab in each course. By selecting this tab, learners will have access at any time to their recommended issues for this course, and so they can adapt their learning path. In this article, we present a recommendation algorithm that will be responsible for proposing these prob-lems according to the scores obtained in the problems already performed by the learner. By calculating the similarity with the rest of the classmates, an estimate of the most practical problems for the learner will be made. We also present the different functions and parameters to implement it.


The present investigation was undertaken to demonstrate the comparisons and contrasts of the conditional stimuli's (CS's) actions with those of morphine in morphine withdrawn rats. The study shows that specific stimuli altered behavioral and physiological withdrawal signs such as: hypothermia, shakes, ptosis, piloerection, writhing and aggression. Also, one stimulus was able to effect two biochemical measures (blood glucose and striatal homovanillic acid) similar to the action of morphine. Rats were given two equally spaced injections of morphine sulfate paired with different stimuli (bell, drug, oil of anise, saccharin). The stimuli were paired with an injection for 15-25 days. Twenty-four hours after the last morphine injection the appropriate stimulus was presented. The rats learned to increase their body temperature, reduce wet shakes, increase ptosis, reduce writhing and reduce aggressive responses following the presentation of oil of anise. The bell stimulus only increased temperature. The gustatory stimulus increased temperature and the drug stimuli had no effect on withdrawal signs. The changes observed were specific only to animals that had the respective stimuli paired with morphine prior to challenge treatment. The duration of the CS in the oi l of anise study was important, the onset required a time period of greater than 2 min


We report ed a novel a pproach for in situ labeling and imaging of a cellular protein nucleolin , utilizing a multifunctional anticancer aptamer co njugated with gold nanoparticles . Accordingly, FITC - AS1411 - AuNPs c ould be combine d with nucleolin in the presence of K + , which allows us to utilize AS1411 for in situ labeling nucleolin expressed at the surface of HeLa cells, and then imaging the cellular protein by confocal fluorescence microscopy. This wa s further confirmed by flow cytometry. The cell toxicity (3 - (4, 5 - dimethylthiazol yl - 2) - 2, 5 - diphenyltetrazolium bromide, MTT) assay demonstrated that the FITC - AS1411 - AuNPs has only little affect on the cytotoxicity to the cells . These results demonstrate d that this aptamer - based method for labeling and imaging cellular protein is faci le, effective.


A device was designed to form the shaped charge jets without slug based on the structure of 56mm shaped charge, and the movement of slug was under controlled through the use of this device. A numerical simulation of the shaping of jets under the structure of shaped charge was carried out by LS-DYNA. On the premise of the device wall thickness 1mm, the angle of middle part and the height of the lower part, here the 2 structural parameters of the blocking slug device are considered as the factors affecting the shaping of the jets without slug. Through simulation, the best structural parameters of the device are as follows: 45 degree of the inclination of the middle part and 0mm of lower part. Under this structural parameter, the device can make shaped charge fully molded without slug.


Objective To improve the clinical treatment based on the analysis of patients seeking orthodontic re-treatment. Methods A total of 144 patients seeking orthodontic re-treatment, including 47 males and 97 females were separated into teenager group (〈18 years old ) and adult group (〉 18 years old ). Two orthodontic specialists were invited to analyze the malocclusions of subjects according to the treatment records. Results The difference of malocclusions between two groups was significant (χ^2=15. O16,P=O. 010). The malocclusions of subjects were mainly caused by inadequate treatment, improper diagnosis, unfavorable growth and relapse. Conclusions Improper diagnosis, inadequate treatment, relapse and unfavorable growth are the primary problems in patients seeking re-treatment.

Key words:
Orthodontics;  Re-treatment;  Malocclusions


Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 is the only known member of the CYP1B sub-family. Initially identified in mouse endometrial stromal cells as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-inducible P4501 this enzyme was further characterised as a new P450 CYP1B subfamily.2 In humans, CYP1B1 was isolated from a kera...


Base isolation is a strategy for a design of buildings in areas where seismic loads govern. It enables the reduction of earthquake excitation to an acceptable level, without an increase of structural acceleration. This paper presents the results of the experimental investigations of various schemes of first-storey designs for steel buildings with base isolation.A scaled-down steel frame building was used for the shaking table tests, which were conducted in the Earthquake Simulator Laboratory of the University of British Columbia. The base-storey design was altered while the dynamic response of the frame was recorded. The base isolation consisted of steel roller bearings with parallel steel yield rings, to limit excessive displacements and provide wind restraint.The proposed base storey is substantially different from conventional solutions. The variation in the base-storey design was aimed at the elimination of the blind base storey or double foundation in order to increase the economy of the base-isolati...


Introduction: Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (AMKL) is an unusual AML subtype in childhood, being the most frequent AML in Down syndrome (DS) patients. AMKL corresponds to 19.3% of AML in our Hospital and some special characteristics have been observed. Objective: To analyze characteristics of AMKL and to compare patients with or without DS. Patients and Methods:From January-1990 to June-2014 AMKL was diagnosed in 77 cases: 57 in non-DS and 20 in DS children. Fivecases were secondary leukemias and 3 cases had been previouslytreated with chemotherapy due to wrong diagnosis. One patient was on induction at the time of analysis. These 9 cases were not evaluable for follow-up. Forty-eight non-DS and 20 DS caseswere evaluable. Megakayocyte lineage commitment was confirmed in all cases by fluorescence microscopy. MPO was analyzedboth by flow cytometry and cytochemistry. G-banding and RT-PCR were performed according to standard techniques. Four successive BFM-based protocols were administeredwith schedule modification for DS patients. Results: Mean age was:2 (range: 2 mo-13 y) years of age and mean WBC count was: 27,500 (range: 1,600-250,000)/mm3. No differences were observed in age or hematological findings at diagnosis. Extramedullar compromise was detected in 10 (17.5%) of non-SD cases. Immunophenotype defined ambiguous lineage leukemia in 3 (5.0%) of the non-DS cases, with compromise of T-lineage. Interestingly, in 4 cases the megakaryoblasts also co-expressed MPO.Cytogenetic findings showed hyperdiploidy (n=7), t(1;22)(p13;q23) (n=3), t(16;21)/FUS-ERG (n=2), abnormalities in chromosome 7 (n=5) and complex karyotype (n=9). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 51 (33 non-DS and 18 DS) (75.0%) of 68 evaluable cases;null-responses observed in7(only non-DS, 10.3%). Early deaths occurred in 10 (14.7%) during induction phase, 2 of them before treatment onset. From the 51 patients who achieved CR, 16 (14 non-DS and 2 DS) presented relapses(p: 0.04) and 9 (6 in non-DS and 3 in DS) died in CR. EFS-probability for the total population was 34 (6)%, for non-DS 21 (6)% and for DS 63 (11)%(p-value: 0.0026). LFS-probability was 45 (7)% for the total population, for non-DS 29 (8)% and for DS 70 (11)% (p-value: 0.0117). Median follow-up: 148 (range: 2-194) months. Conclusions: 1- Extramedullar compromise and T/myeloid mixed lineage or co-expression of MPO were observed only in non-DS AMKL, in 17.5% and 12.0% respectively. 2- Null-response was observed only in non-SD patients. 3- The most frequent event of non-DS was relapse, and toxic deaths in DS. 4- The significantly better outcome of patients with DS was confirmed in our setting. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The best of care of Acute hepatitis C (AHC) infections in the evolving era of all oral directly acting antiviral drugs (DDAs) needs revision. The inevitable chronic liver disease in 80% of AHC infections justifies the advent of DDAs that expectedly will guarantee high cure rates. Unlike interferons, the short and ultra-short all oral DDAs regimens had revolutionized treatment strategies with better adherence and fewer complications. However, the costly price of DAAs added to the average expertise is still contrarily active. Up-to-date, studies concerning DAAs treatment for AHC mono-infection are sparse; indeed this represents an unmet need in modern AHC management.


PurposeContainer throughput forecasting plays a pivotal role in strategic, tactical and operational level decision-making. The determination and analysis of the influencing factors of container throughput are observed to enhance the predicting accuracy. Therefore, for effective port planning and management, this study employs a deep learning-based method to forecast the container throughput while considering the influence of economic, environmental and social factors on throughput forecasting.Design/methodology/approachA novel multivariate container throughput forecasting method is proposed using long short-term memory network (LSTM). The external factors influencing container throughput, delineated using triple bottom line, are considered as an input to the forecasting method. The principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to reduce the redundancy of the input variables. The container throughput data of the Port of Los Angeles (PLA) is considered for empirical analysis. The forecasting accuracy of the proposed method is measured via an error matrix. The accuracy of the results is further substantiated by the Diebold-Mariano statistical test.FindingsThe result of the proposed method is benchmarked with vector autoregression (VAR), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMAX) and LSTM. It is observed that the proposed method outperforms other counterpart methods. Though PCA was not an integral part of the forecasting process, it facilitated the prediction by means of "less data, more accuracy."Originality/valueA novel deep learning-based forecasting method is proposed to predict container throughput using a hybridized autoregressive integrated moving average with external factors model and long short-term memory network (ARIMAX-LSTM).


The net-zero transition is a global trend, during which -microgrid_(MG) plays an important role in integrating renewable generation and low-carbon demand. Facilitated by the advance in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), a Microgrid Digital Twin (MGDT) allows further increasing the utilization of renewable energy sources and identifying customer flexibility by capitalizing on the value of real-time monitoring and machine learning-facilitated decision-making. However, there is a lack of consistency and standards in implementing MGDTs. In this paper, an information model for MGDT based on the popular Common Information Model (CIM) and CIM extension studies is proposed to define the key information structure of an MGDT. This work provides a reusable metadata model to facilitate future MGDT implementations.


Objective:To systematically review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type. Background:The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent, thus there is a need for a review and meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence. Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis based on a search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Included were original studies of the association between smoking status and postoperative complications occurring within 30 days of operation. In total, 9354 studies were identified and reviewed for eligibility and data were extracted. Forest plots and summarized relative risks (RR) including 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for various complication types. Results:Of the 9354 identified studies, 107 studies were included in the meta-analyses and based on these, 157 data sets were extracted. Preoperative smoking was associated with an increased risk of various postoperative complications including general morbidity (RR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.33–1.74), wound complications (RR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.87–2.49), general infections (RR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.32–1.79), pulmonary complications (RR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.35–2.23), neurological complications (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01–1.88), and admission to intensive care unit (RR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.14–2.25). Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality, cardiovascular complications, bleedings, anastomotic leakage, or allograft rejection. Conclusions:Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications: general morbidity, wound complications, general infections, pulmonary complications, neurological complications, and admission to the intensive care unit.


Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of concern, as indicated by the recent addition of the short-chained CPs as a new Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) in the Uni ...


Introduction: Schedule castes (SC) and schedule tribes (ST) represent the most backward and disadvantaged group in the highly stratified caste ridden Indian society (Das et. al. 2000). The welfare of these vulnerable population groups has always featured prominently in India's plans and policies (Article: 15, 16, 330, 332 constitution of India). In fact, these concerns are woven into the very fabric of the country's constitution and are contained in the Directive Principles of the State Policy laid down in article 46 which calls for the promotion of the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, and in particular, of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes and to protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation (Dubey 1973). According to 2001 census, SC constitutes 16 percent and ST accounts 8 percent of the total population. It is observed that while the SC population is scattered in almost all the states in varying proportions, a majority of the ST population (83 percent) is concentrated in the so-called central tribal belt running through the hilly terrain of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh (Ghosh & Chakraborty 1999). At the same time development of these disadvantaged groups and their assimilation with the larger society has been a matter of great concern for the government and other public bodies, both at centre and in the states. While India has managed to reduce its infant mortality rate significantly over the last three decades, its performance on infant mortality reduction pales in comparison to that of many other countries in South, Southeast and East Asia. It is rather meaningless to talk about an average infant mortality rate for India since prevailing extreme inter-state variationsranging from a low of 13 infant deaths per 1000 live births in Kerala to a high of 72 deaths in Madhya Pradesh (SRS Bulletin 2008). As the state level analysis conceals large variations across districts within a state therefore, it is important to identify levels and determinants of infant and child mortality at district level. Existing heterogeneity in India can be facilitated by the preparation of regional or district level estimates of infant and child mortality within each state for understanding these variations. In the developing countries like India where the coverage and completeness of civil registration system is poor and information from these systems are not reliable to assess fertility and mortality estimates. Sample Registration System which is a reliable source for these estimates provides information only at state level. In such circumstances to assess vital rates at district level, the only way is to use information provided by census and then to apply some indirect techniques to get the estimates of vital rates at district level. Indirect techniques have been proved to be very useful in developing countries. Though there are studies which have attempted to analyse infant and child mortality at district level for general population, however, there are paucity of studies on deprived sections of the country like schedule castes


Legislative and implementation lags inherent in the political process often allow private agents to receive news about their future tax rates, a phenomenon known as fiscal, or more specifically tax, foresight. This paper investigates the effects of fiscal foresight on monetary policy under various assumptions about the information set of the monetary authority. We examine the welfare effects of tax foresight and how such foresight affects the monetary authority's ability to implement its policy. Our model is a simple version of the dynamic sticky price models extended to include possible foresight about changes in distortionary taxes. We find that the optimal response of the interest rate to anticipated tax changes can be qualitatively different from the response under a simple Taylor rule and that welfare rankings under foresight depend crucially on the welfare measure. In addition, identification issues present when the monetary authority has partial information about the state of the economy make it impossible for the monetary authority to recover the correct structural disturbances from its observable variables. This, in turn, causes the monetary authority to induce history dependence in endogenous variables and worsen the welfare of private agents.


The Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA) is presented as a new diagnostic instrument which goes a step closer to a useful union of individual diagnosis and recommended educational or treatment procedures. The emphasis is on individual program planning and away from global categorization and labelling of disorders.


By searching the title, publisher, or authors of guide you essentially want, you can discover them rapidly. In the house, workplace, or perhaps in your method can be all best area within net connections. If you want to download and install the evidence based geriatric nursing protocols for best practice fourth edition springer series on geriatric nursing, it is very easy then, before currently we extend the join to buy and make bargains to download and install evidence based geriatric nursing protocols for best practice fourth edition springer series on geriatric nursing so simple!


Background: Access to contraceptive by minors (pre-adolescents and adolescents) has spurred policy and legislative debates, part of which is that in an effort to successfully meet government's objective of a healthy sexual lifestyle among minors. Aims: This study examined factors affecting sexual reproductive health in minors, namely: access to contraceptive advice and treatment, pregnancy, number of sexual partners, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and confidentiality. Materials and Methods: This research involved quantitative and qualitative data. Two hundred and thirty eight sexually active cases were investigated in Jamaica by the researchers, during the period 2006-2007. The age group population was 9-11, 12-14, and 15-17. Results: The study showed that access to contraceptive advice and treatment by minors was more favorable to males than females. The difference in access to contraceptive between male and female was statistically significant (x2 = 20.16, p<0.05). Of the 80 male respondents, who are contraceptive users, 11 encountered challenges in legitimately accessing contraceptive methods, while 38 of the 40 female users also encountered challenges. This resulted in unintended pregnancies and impregnation (33.2%), as well as the contracting of STIs (21%). Conclusion: The findings of this study will be important in informing the development of reproductive health services and family life education programs for pre-adolescents and adolescents in Jamaica and other Caribbean countries.


It has been pointed out by Hall et al. [Gen. Rel. Grav. 28 (1996) 299.] that matter collineations can be defined by using three different methods. But there arises the question whether one studies matter collineations by using ℒξTab = 0, or ℒξTab = 0 or ℒξTab = 0. These alternative conditions are, of course, not generally equivalent. This problem has been explored by applying these three definitions to general static spherically symmetric spacetimes. We compare the results with each definition.


Transfer function (TF) phase can be analyzed from the impulse response in a vibrating system. This letter analyzes the truncated impulse response of such a system and its phase characteristic by using a simple two‐pole model. The estimated phase turns out to be highly sensitive to the window length of the truncated impulse response used for phase analysis. The minimum‐phase behavior of a TF for example, is changed into a nonminimum‐phase characteristic due to the truncation. An exponential window is recommended for the data analysis of vibrating systems in order to reduce the effect of truncation on the phase.


everywhere normal except definitely impaired over the thumb. Power and position sense normal except that she could not flex her elbow against gravity. Hot and cold could not be distinguished. After a long walk angina was felt in the upper arm. Later it was felt in the chest and then in the elbow. It did not spread to the wrist, as was usual. Re-testing: Slight flinching with muscle pressure and finger bending, but much less than normal. Pin-prick was painful in patches in the upper arm and fourth and fifth fingers. Cotton-wool, power, and temperature unchanged. Cotnmenit: Patchy analgesia, power impaired; arm pain less widespread. Case 6.-An honest garrulous man aged 42, not very sensitive to pain or good at analysing symptoms. Ischaemic contractions, 100. After injection ischaemic contractions 110, almost paralysed but some deep aching. No pain with muscle squeezing. Pin-prick abolished except possibly for some sensibility in the hand. Cotton-wool always felt, but less than normal. Power and use of hand not affected. After strenuous walking angina was felt in the chest and arm as far as the elbow. The arm pain had the usual distribution and time relationship to the chest pain. Though quite definite, it was not as severe as he would have expected. Re-testing: Felt pin-prick " right at the end " all over the arm. Muscle and finger squeezing were just painful at the height of the stimulus. Ischaemic contractions stopped at 100 by pain. Other functions unchanged. Comment: Incomplete analgesia; arm pain less severe. Case, 7.-A decorator aged 51 was a good intelligent witness, hyperaesthetic. Ischaemic contractions, 55. After injection ischaemic contractions not tested. Completely analgesic to pin-prick and nmuscle and finger squeezing. Hot and cold not distinguished. Cotton-wool normal except for loss of tickle, especially along the ulnar border. Position sense not affected. Slight general weakness of hand. Did not swing his arm while walking. With walking the chest pain came at the normal point. At the same time there was a detectable pain in the usual distribution of the arm, but it was much weaker than that in the chest, instead of being stronger, as was usual. Re-testinig: Cotton-wool normal. Temperature nearly normal. Power still impaired.. Ischaemic contractions stopped at 110 by severe pain. Muscle and finger squeezing were just painful, though much less than normal. Conmment: Moderate analgesia, power impaired; arm pain definitely less. Case 8.-A man aged 46; a very analytical observer of his symptoms. He got pain in both arms equally. Ischaemic contractions, 70. Tested in the recovery phase after fairly complete paralysis. Pin-prick absent except over the central palm. No pain with muscle and finger squeezing. Ischaemic contractions stopped at 100 with paralysis and some tingling pain. Cotton-wool appreciated everywhere, but diminished. Some general muscular weakness. Fairly good distinction of temperature. With hard stepping exercise the pain appeared as usual in the chest and right arm. There was no pain at all in the injected arm. Re-testing: No pain with muscle and finger squeezing or pin-prick. Ischaemic contractions stopped at 70 by pain. Otherwise unchanged. Comment: Perfect analgesia, with impairment of touch and power; arm pain abolished.


With a view to the corrosion of the reinforcing steel bars in reinforced concrete,foil-grating resistance probe samples and a device for monitoring of the corrosion of the reinforced concrete were designed and prepared so as to realize online monitoring of the corrosion of the reinforcing steel bars in the reinforced concrete.Thus the principle and buildup of the resistance probe system for corrosion monitoring were introduced.The corrosion behavior of the steel wires,covered with concrete layers of 10 mm and 20 mm thick and subject to immersion in all-soaked and tideland locations in Qingdao sea area,fresh water environment of the Changjiang River,and 3% sodium chloride aqua indoor,was measured using the electric resistance probe.The corrosion rate of the steel wires was calculated by taking into account the chages in the electric resistance under various testing conditions.It was found that the resistance probe system and relevant measurement method could be well used for the online monitoring of the corrosion of the reinforcing steel bars in the reinforced concrete.


PART I 1. Evaluation and the Description of Law 2. Images and Objections PART II 3. A Basic Form of Good: Knowledge 4. The Other Basic Values 5. The Basic Requirements of Practical Reasonableness 6. Community, Communities, and Common Good 7. Justice 8. Rights 9. Authority 10. Law 11. Obligation 12. Unjust Laws PART III 13. Nature, Reason, God Postscript


In the automated and high-tech industries of the future, there wil be a need for high performance motor drives both in the low-power range and in the high-power range. To meet very straight demands of tracking and regulation in the two quadrants of operation, advanced control technologies are of a considerable interest and need to be developed. In response a dynamics learning control architecture is developed with simultaneous on-line identification and control. the feature of the proposed approach, to efficiently combine the dual task of system identification (learning) and adaptive control of nonlinear motor drives into a single operation is presented. This approach, therefore, not only adapts to uncertainties of the dynamic parameters of the motor drives but also learns about their inherent nonlinearities. In fact, most of the neural networks based adaptive control approaches in use have an identification phase entirely separate from the control phase. Because these approaches separate the identification and control modes, it is not possible to cope with dynamic changes in a controlled process. Extensive simulation studies have been conducted and good performance was observed. The robustness characteristics of neuro-controllers to perform efficiently in a noisy environment is also demonstrated. With this initial success, the principal investigator believes that the proposed approach with the suggested neural structure can be used successfully for the control of high performance motor drives. Two identification and control topologies based on the model reference adaptive control technique are used in this present analysis. No prior knowledge of load dynamics is assumed in either topology while the second topology also assumes no knowledge of the motor parameters.


5509Background: Resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy is a major cause of disease progression and mortality among women with high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). It is not known whether pa...


Review(s) of: The Invention of New Zealand: Art and National Identity, 1930-1970, by Francis Pound, Auckland University Press, Auckland, 2009, xxi, 425 pp., [80] pp. of plates. ISBN 9781869404147.


Radiation energy balance at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is a critical boundary condition for the Earth climate. It is essential to validate it in the global climate models (GCM) on both global and regional scales. However, the comparison of overall radiation field is known to conceal compensating errors. Here we use a new set of radiative kernels to diagnose the radiation biases caused by different geophysical variables in the GCMs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. We find although clouds remain a primary cause of radiation biases, the radiation biases caused by non‐cloud variables are of comparable magnitudes. Many GCMs have a cold air temperature bias and a moist tropospheric humidity bias, which lead to considerable biases in TOA radiation budget but are compensated by cloud biases. These findings signify the importance of validating the GCM simulations in terms of both the overall and component radiation biases.


THE CATHOLIC PRIEST IN THE UNITED STATES: HISTORICAL INVESTIGATIONS. Edited by John Tracy Ellis. Collegeville, Minn.: Saint John's Univ. Press, 1971. Pp. xix + 488. $6.95. How was the American priest educated? What were his relations with his superiors, with his intellectual and cultural environment, and with religious orders? How did he deal with the social problems of his age? These are the questions to which this collection of essays, edited by John Tracy Ellis, the dean of American Catholic historians, addresses itself in a highly readable and on the whole well-researched historical analysis of the American priest. Ellis' "Formation of the American Priest" traces the history of American seminaries from their usually bucolic settings to the movement of the late 1960's to urban and academic settings. Despite pleas for a national seminary in the first (1829) and second Provincial Councils of Baltimore (1833), the American bishops with a mistaken idea of what Trent required worked until the 1960's to establish a seminary in every diocese regardless of the quality of education, of library resources, and of accreditation—there were 607 seminaries for religious $nd diocesan clergy in 1966. E. delineates the three major traditions in American seminary education: the French Sulpician, the dominant model, which emphasized "forming devout priests rather than men of learning" (p. 18); the Irish seminaries with French-trained faculties teaching moral rigorism and an Irish brand of Gallicanism in Church-state thought; and the university experience of some German priests, which seems to have had little influence on the American seminaries established by German Americans. The establishment of the American colleges at Louvain (1858) and at Rome (1859) did little to stimulate seminary intellectual life. Moreover, Roman education in particular became a steppingstone to the episcopacy—between 1916 and 1966 about 40% of the more than 400 American bishops were chosen from Roman alumni. Closed in thought, isolated geographically, and provincial in character, the American seminary received further setbacks in the aftermath of Americanism and Modernism. E. places the former's condemnation in the context of a series of curial decrees aimed at the American Church and stifling the emerging intellectual life of the American priest. Modernism likewise had a deleterious effect on seminary education as ecclesiastical witch-hunts replaced openness to scholarship and seminaries lapsed into a (manual) dogmatic slumber from which they awakened only after Vatican II and its call for renewal and reform. Robert Trisco's "Bishops and Their Priests in the United States" is a


Glufosinate and its 2-methyl analog of available multi-step synthesis, from methyl phosphorus compound (Ⅱ) with an unsaturated ketone compound (Ⅲ) generating adduct (IV), by a subsequent synthetic reaction Stark reaction and final aminonitrile (ⅴ) hydrolysis: step 1: (ⅱ) + (ⅲ) → adduct (Ⅳ); step 2: adduct (Ⅳ) NH e.g.


The interests of minority shareholders will often be impaired in the connected transactions of the substantial shareholder of listed companies.In order to relieve minority shareholders' damage received from the transactions,it is essential to establish better relief protection mechanism.It contains great significance to establish such a mechanism for the protection of minority shareholders' interests and promoting the sound development of the security market.This mechanism includes the following systems:shareholders' temporary meeting,derivative litigation,rights of claim of share purchase and compensation system.The law of our country needs to perfect these systems.


Objective Hypertension promotes left ventricular hypertrophy and the progress of chronic kidney disease (CKD).It also increases cardiovascular mortality.The prevalence of hypertension in CKD patients is high and the control rate is low.There has been no large sample of CKD with hypertensive study in China so far.This study was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension,its control rate,the use of antihypertensive medications and the influencing factors for hypertension control in CKD patients in our hospital.Methods We analyzed the data of 763 adult CKD patients from our CKD management clinic during 2006-2008.Patient's demographic data,underlying kidney diseases,comorbidities,laboratory tests,blood pressure and antihypertensive medications were evaluated.Results The prevalence of hypertension in all CKD patients was 70.5%.The percentage of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) increased from 5.1% to 27.3% (P0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that obesity,stage 3-5 and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension.Blood pressure control rate was only 23.6% (130/80 mm Hg) and 55.4% (140/90 mm Hg).15.3% of hypertensive patients did not receive anti-hypertensive medication,33.8% was on single therapy,34.7% on two drug combination,15.6% on three drug combination and 0.6% on four drug combination.The angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were the most frequently prescribed drugs (60.7%) followed by calcium antagonist (50.9%),beta-blockers (23.5%) and diuretics (4%).The 24-hour urine protein and total cholesterol were higher in uncontrolled blood pressure group than that of controlled one (P0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension was 70.5% in all CKD patients.ISH was the most common type of hypertension in CKD patients,which significantly increased with the progressing of renal disease.Even in the CKD management clinic,blood pressure control rate was still low (23.8%).Poor hypertension control in CKD may be related to proteinuria and underlying kidney diseases.


Although classroom teachers are not directly involved in the administration of individual intelligence'tests, they are frequently in a position to interpret the results of those instruments. Put in the proper perspective, intelligence test results can provide some useful information to facilitate educational decision making. More' often than not, however, such'data are used only for classification purposes and are either ignored or misinterpreted in educational use. In addition to an overall IQ, most intelligence tests also yield an "intellectual profile" based on the student's performance on a variety of cognitive tasks (usually referred to as subfests). Both the IQ and the associated profile can be useful for the classroom teacher. There are, however, several myths and cautions that must be addressed before those uses can be put into the proper perspective.


Time-dependent B{sup 0}{bar B}{sup 0} flavor oscillations and B{sup 0} and B{sup +} lifetimes are studied in a sample of fully reconstructed B mesons collected with the BABAR detector, running at the PEP-II asymmetric e{sup +}e{sup -} B Factory with center-of-mass energies near the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance. This is the first time that time-dependent mixing and lifetime measurements have been performed at {Upsilon}(4S) energies.


Objective To study effect evaluationin of restoration's color between metal-ceram restoration and Lava all-ceramic restoration as front teeth's prosthesis after using Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer.Methods Make an investigation of patients' satisfaction of 80 metal-ceram restorations and 80 Lava all-ceramic restorations according to the result of the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer were made respectively.Results The satisfaction of color reappearance of Lava all-ceramic restoration is without exception higher than metal-ceram restoration's.There were statistical differences between metal-ceram restoration and Lava all-ceramic restoration(P0.05).Conclusion The effect of color reappearance using Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer to makes Lava all-ceramic restoration is better than metal-ceram restoration


Dark blue printed lettering on white paper wrappers, 210 x 145 mm, 11 numbered pages, 2 figures, 8 Tables and 5 examples in Table format. The back page of the wrapper has further text and colour illustrations. Enclosed is a four fold leaflet, 210 x100 mm when folded, headed 'A guide to contact lens standards' 'prepared for the BCLA by Tony Hough' who claims copyright dated 2000 for the illustrations.


This study describes the role of mobile phones in resolving constraints to marketing of agricu ltural perishable products for improving rural income in Tanzan ia. Both a case study and a survey designs were employed and data was collected fro m 49 respondents sampled fro m the ward. Data was collected using questionnaire, FGD, researchers" observations and secondary sources. This study revealed that lack o f market informat ion, u nfamiliarity with packing and transporting the products, lack of storage facilities and time consuming were the marketing contraints facing farmers. Ho wever, the use of mobile phones have provided timely and accurate market information, widened market options, improved negotiation power and maintained freshness of the products. Additionally, mob ile phones have reduced losses and saved time and money. As a result, the income of the farmers has increased tremendously. It is on this ground that farmers regard mobile phone as a tool like other agricu ltural tools. These results suggest that to maximize profit, farmers must use mobile phones in marketing their produce. Higher earn ings will, in turn, increase production and further imp rove income. Consequent to the increased production of, and profit fro m sales of their products, infrastructural facilities will need to be improved as a matter of urgency .


In this paper, a general identity involving a di¤erentiable mapping  is established. By using mathematical analysis, Holder inequality and some  auxiliary results, new generalized Hermite Hadamard type inequalities for dif ferentiable harmonically-convex functions are established. It is expected that  the results established in this paper contain previously established results as special cases.


It is the purpose of this paper to obtain C 0,α loc  regularity for solutions in W 1 L M (Ω) to obstacle problems with nonpower growth of the following type: ∫ Ω a i (x,u,Du)  φ  x i +b(x,u,Du)φ dx≥ 0for φ∈W 1 L M (Ω) with φ(x)≥ ψ(x)-u(x) and u(x)≥ ψ(x), where ψ is locally Hlder continuous.


Summary The prophylactic and spaced administration of clofazimine was studied. The drug had an effect when given orally for 2 days immediately after infection, but had no effect when given 5 weeks before infection. When given once every 4 weeks from Day 70 to Day 140 after infection, the drug had a distinct effect. It was also active when injected intraperitoneally on the day of infection.


Here, non-contact liquid sensing using high-resolution microwave sensor is reported. The proposed sensor is based on a passive ring resonator with an active feedback loop to generate negative resistance and compensate for the resonator's loss, which in return significantly increases the quality factor of the system. High quality factor offers high-resolution readout with large field penetration depth and thus enables distant, non-contact sensing of liquid materials in a career tube. The active loop technique increases the quality factor of the resonator from 240 to 200000 in air. It also provides flexibility of adjusting the quality factor by varying DC voltage. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a non-contact liquid measurement technique using such high quality factor is reported.


We live in strange times. Neoliberalism and other economic and political conditions and practices have led to an overall increase of wealth throughout the world and particularly in urban centers, w...


Knowledge Creation and Design Creation follow the same patterns in bringing forth new work. Through a series of richly illustrated examples, this talk unpacks the core behaviours that characterise design and knowledge creation.


Patients with kidney failure who become dependent on haemodialysis will often develop an arteriovenous fistula (AVF), a negative effect of which being the occurrence of complications after a few years. This doctoral research project focusses on two long-term complications related to AVFs. The first long-term complication this dissertation focusses on is a high blood flow (high flow access (HFA)) which may lead to excessive burdening of the heart. Surgical banding for HFA, a method often applied in the past, is shown to be less effective than presumed. The recurrence rate of HFA is 50% after 1 year of follow-up. Revision using distal inflow (RUDI), a new technique, appears to be much more successful, as the recurrence rate is only 16% after 1 year of follow-up. A second complication this dissertation focusses on is a severely reduced perfusion of the hand (haemodialysis access-induced distal ischaemia (HAIDI)). Generalised arteriosclerosis and increased arterial stiffness are found to largely contribute to HAIDI. Another cause of HAIDI is 'loss' of blood pressure through 'side' veins around the AVF which are not punctured for dialysis. Knotting these 'side' veins is found to be an effective treatment method.


The boundary behaviour of classes of ring mappings, which generalize quasiconformal mappings in the sense of Gehring, is under investigation. Theorems proving that they have continuous boundary extensions are established in terms of prime ends of regular domains. Results on the equicontinuity of mappings in these classes in the closure of a fixed domain are also established in these terms. Bibliography: 45 titles.


The layer charge is perhaps the single most significant characteristic of 2:1 layer phyllosilicates. Layer charge affects cation-retention capacity and adsorption of water, and various polar organic molecules. The effects of layer charge on the sorptive properties of organo-clays were illustrated by Lee et al. (1990). It is generally agreed that the classification of 2:1 silicate clays, which is a continuing problem, may be resolved by taking into account the magnitude of the layer charge (Bailey et al. , 1971; Malla and Douglas, 1987) Studies on structural chemistry also confirm the importance of the layer charge for the characterization of the 2:1 phyllosilicates (Newman and Brown, 1987).

Layer charge involves charge per [O20(OH)4] and the sum of the tetrahedral and octahedral charges. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) results not only from the layer charge, but also pH-dependent edge charges. If the molecular mass ( M ) or formula weight of the phyllosilicates and the layer charge are known, the CEC due to interlayer charge (ξ) can be calculated from the following equation:

\batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \[Interlayer\ CEC\ (cmol_{c}kg^{{-}1})\ =\ 10^{5}\ {\times}\ {\xi}/\mathit{M}\] \end{document}(1)

The molecular mass (Table 1⇓) is without dimension, because it is a relative property. The mean molecular mass of the 2:1 phyllosilicates varies from 370–390 The total CEC exceeds the interlayer CEC, because of charge at crystal edges. For smectites, the edge charge is between 10 and 30% and on average it is ~20% of the total CEC (Lagaly, 1981). Non-exchangeable cations such as K+ in illite or mica are excluded from the total apparent CEC, but they are included in the layer charge.

View this table:

Table 1.
Approximate layer charge of 2:1 phyllosilicates.

Traditionally, the layer charge is calculated from the structural formula of homoionic pure clay mineral specimens (Ross and Hendricks, 1945). From the occupancy of elements in the tetrahedral and octahedral sheets, …


Objective The appraisal discussion artery is unenlightened(forms including artery embolism and arteriostenosis partner thrombus) disease emergency medical treatment involvement treatment clinical significance.Methods 1st、In the drive pipe pours into the urokinase,and so on to dissolve the hitch medicine or to leave alone the drive pipe to continue to dissolve the hitch treatment.2nd、The mechanical drive pipe garrulous hitch negative pressure pumps the partner medicine to dissolve the hitch treatment.3rd、To limits narrowly adopts P.T.A or stent placement.16 patients including,1 subclavical artery,6 iliac arteries,5 femoral arteries,2 popliteal arteries,2 posterior or anterior tibial arteries.Results The stenotic arteries were recanalized after P.T.A or stent placement and the thrombosis vanished after thrombolysis with distal flowes improved or resumed.Clinical symptom was ameliorated.DSA or the B ultrasonic wave makes a follow-up visit,the artery maintains unobstructedly 1 example involvement technique latter week,because of hypertension sickness brain stem hemorrhage death.3 examples vasculitis thrombus gangrene,2 examples amputation.Conclusion Uses emergency medical treatment mechanical and the medicine dissolves the hitch technique,unifies P.T.A and Stent placement treatment artery unenlightened disease,but effectively relieves the artery to be unenlightened reduces the amputation rate and crippling rate.


This study concerns the organized activity of African American railroad workers in Deep South states such as Mississippi, Arkansas and Louisiana. The study opens with a broad discussion of wage labour as an aspect of the political economy of the Mississippi Delta and the Piney Woods of Mississippi. By establishing wage labour as a vital aspect of the Deep South economy, the opening chapter sets the scene for the main discussion on the activities of African American railroad workers. This study shows that African American railroad workers protested various racial impositions on them, including their exclusion from white dominated craft unions within the American Federation of Labor (AFL), the ongoing push from white railroad trainmen to have them removed from lucrative posts in the train service, as well as railroad employers' insistence on keeping them as lowly paid substitutes for white labour. They also took good advantage of federal wartime control over the railroads to challenge prejudiced notions of their skills and experience as workers. African American railroaders were persistent fighters for fair employment practices well before the legendary A. Philip Randolph came on the scene. They engaged their employers and white workers in varying ways. African American railroad shopmen did not hesitate to join subordinate locals of the white-dominated craft unions in the AFL. They participated with white shopmen in the important railroad shop strikes of 1911 and 1922. Their counterparts in the train


PURPOSE: To increase energy efficiency of a PSA system by collecting waste heat generated in the PSA system and preheating with this waste heat a supply gas mixture passing to a compressor. CONSTITUTION: Product oxygen from the PSA system is passed through a pipe 1 to a product oxygen compressor 2 and compressed to the desirable level. After passing this compressed oxygen from a pipe 3 to a product heat exchanger 4, the oxygen is supplied from a pipe 5. In the product heat exchange 4 the product oxygen and a cooling fluid are cooled by heat exchanging, the cooling fluid is heated and passed into a heat exchanger 8 for preheating supply air from a pipe 7. Here a supply gas mixture is pre-heated by using the waste heat, while the cooling fluid is cooled again and recycled to the product heat exchanger 4. Consequently the supply gas mixture can reach at a higher temperature than a heated temperature under an environmental condition at lower temperature. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


This article uses data on two vernacular traces, toponyms and business names, to explore and analyze cultural geographies of the U.S. Appalachian region. First, cluster detection is applied to a set of generic place names (toponyms) that are found to be components of a relatively unique Appalachian geographic vernacular. The results from this exercise are then mapped onto common spatial representations of the Appalachian region, where they are combined with a selected marker of perceived regional identity—businesses that have the character string "Appalachia" in their name—to construct a study area for subsequent analysis. Finally, data are collected for places inside of the derived study area to examine determinants of Appalachian identity in a zero-inflated count regression model. The findings convey important insights about specific heritage and environmental variables that correlate with, and likely contribute to the production of, patterns of Appalachian identity in the United States. In addition, the conceptual model and methodology of the article are claimed to be transferrable to other studies of cultural regions, heritage, and identity, both inside and outside of Appalachia.


The results of thirteenth international proficiency test (Geo PT 23) obtained at the geochemical laboratory of Geological Survey of India, Hyderabad are presented. Estimation of 34 trace elements including all the fourteen rare earths obtained by ICP-MS in Koln Loess sample (Loess- 1) is compared with the assigned values. Sample decomposition method and other relevant details of the analytical procedures adopted are presented. Depending up on the 'Z-scores' calculated, the fitness of the data for either "pure geochemistry" or "applied geochemistry" was assessed. An overview of 'Z- score' results indicates that all of the elements except barium of the data contributed from our laboratory fell with in the -2<2<2 range which included the majority of the trace and rare earth elements used normally in several pure geochemical investigations. The results have indicated that the data obtained at our laboratory is excellent and further allowed us to investigate the very minor analytical discrepancy observed in the barium data and optimize necessary aspects to rectify the bias.


Strengthening the cultivation of capability elements of sustainable development of college students is the needs of society development and students' growth.College students' sustainable development capability is made up of a variety of elements;therefore colleges should adopt many different ways to cultivate the students.


This paper analyzes the characteristics of the blending teaching mode of SPOC (Small Private Online Course) and DingTalk. From three major teaching links, the design and development of learning resources, the evaluation and suggestions of teaching activities, the online and offline blending teaching model of "SPOC + DingTalk" is discussed to provide implementation suggestions for teaching management and practical subjects including teachers.


This paper investigates the IMC (Internal Model Control) based PID tuning with first order filter for DC-DC converters exhibiting non-minimum phase (NMP) characteristics. The bandwidth of these converters are confined due to the presence of RHP (Right Half Plane) zero in output voltage to duty cycle transfer function. So, it is challenging task for any control method. Here, in this work the maximum achievable bandwidth is obtained based on their transfer functions. Alongside, IMC based PID controller designed which is having some prominent features like any bandwidth can be achieved (up to maximum achievable bandwidth) and the PID parameters, filter coefficient (λ) are obtained directly without any assumptions. The complete analysis are verified by simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK and also validated through experiments.


Exposure to family and community violence is linked with aggression, depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and academic and cognitive difficulties. It has the potential to permeate many dimensions of children's day-to-day lives and to erode possible sources of social support. Although the literature focuses on deleterious outcomes, many children fare well in the face of exposure to violence. Research attending to developmental processes, the co-occurrence of multiple forms of violence, and psychobiological mechanisms will clarify why outcomes are better for some children than for others. Greater understanding of children's risk and resilience in the face of such exposure will inform intervention efforts.


Increasing harmonic contamination is one of the concerns in power systems that has been more considered. On the other hand, the high cost of compensation can eliminate the possibility of compensation across the network. Regarding the restructuring of power systems, it is possible to provide the compensation cost by contaminating subscribers. In this paper, a new method for controlling the network harmonic level is presented using harmonic pricing. Determining the fair harmonic contribution at the point of common coupling voltage is the base of pricing method. In addition, a new index has been proposed to determine the harmonic contribution of the customer and utility to the harmonic contamination of the point of common coupling. By using this index, an accurate impression of the customer and utility contribution in all of the dominant harmonic levels is obtained. The simulation results on the IEEE 14-bus standard network illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for pricing based on fair contribution of customer and network. Also, the results show that by justly determining the harmonic contribution, the customers can be encouraged to reduce or control their harmonic level. Otherwise, by aggregating the penalty fees, harmonic filters can be installed at the desired location to control the network harmonic control.


The smart grid has been introduced as the next generation power grid. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is one of the key components i n this grid. It provides bidirectional communication between consumers and management entities in the utility side. This bidirectional nature communicati on flow has made AMI vulnerable to various cyber attac ks. So, cyber security has become an important concern in this context. Key management for securing communications between a large amount of smart meters (SMs) and a master station (MS) in the utili ty premise is one of the most important components of the AMI security protocols. AMI has special characteris tics and features in comparison with other IT systems, t o design an efficient scheme these features should be considered. Features like resource constraints of smart meters and low bandwidth of communication lines. In this paper we are going to design a light weight ke y management scheme with a novel key refreshment policy that decrease the network overhead, which ma kes symmetric keys to secure communications between SMs and MS using elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) parameters and simple cryptographic algorithms like hash functions.


Whooping cough is endemic in Brisbane with laboratory confirmed epidemics occurring at intervals of two to four years in the spring and summer of 1980/81, 1983/84. 1985/86 and 1989/90. Between January 1975 and June 1990, nine of 356 (2.5%) Bordetella isolates from patients at the Royal Brisbane Hospital were identified as Bordetella parapertussis. One child had dual infections with pertussis and 5 parapertussis isolated from the same specimen. & parapertussis was isolated from the mother of this child and from another adult, a young resident, who presented with persistent sore throat and cough. This paper reports the latest case and reviews the clinical spectrum and laboratory diagnosis of parapertussis. The generally low rate of detection of 9. ara ertussis may be the result of the lackP ofPcultures taken from children and adults with mild whooping cough and the failure to distinguish this species from & pertussis.


This paper examines The History of the Kings of Britain by Geoffrey of Monmouth, with the aim of understanding his motivations for writing a false history and presenting it as genuine. It includes a brief overview of the political context of the book at the time during which it was first introduced to the public, in order to help readers unfamiliar with the era to understand how the book fit into the world of twelfth century England, and why it had the impact that it did. Following that is a brief summary of the book itself, and finally a summary of the secondary literature as it pertains to Geoffrey's motivations. It concludes with the claim that all proposed motives are plausible, and may all have been true at various points in Geoffrey's career, as the changing times may have forced him to promote the book for different reasons, and under different circumstances than he may have originally intended. Copyright for this work is owned by the author. This digital version is published by McIntyre Library, University of Wisconsin Eau Claire with the consent of the author.


It is important to monitor long-term coastal erosion in countries such as Australia given the majority of our population live in coastal regions. However, ground-based surveys are labour-intensive and involve significant cost when large spatial areas need to monitored. This paper presents a complementary, cost-effective approach for mapping the eroded shoreline, through integrating Landsat multispectral (MS) imagery data and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery data. This integration method overcomes the problem of data shortage associated with using a single data source. Moreover, it can extract the instant land-water interface at sub-pixel resolution. Because the extracted land-water boundaries are dynamic, a tidal model has to be applied to define the high water line. Wavelet transform and linear spectral unmixing are the two major algorithms used for extracting the land-water interface. Several inundated areas are identified at the selected study area along the coast of East Gippsland Basin, Victoria, Australia. Naturally occurring erosion is believed to be the major factor for these inundated areas. Theoretically the extracted shorelines for defining erosion can reach 1m - 2m resolution approximately.


Colleagues, it is a pleasure and a privilege for me to be asked to speak at your inaugural symposium. The new Dublin Centre for Academic Development is a great step forward for the promotion of professional standards and academic values in Dublin higher education, and I admire the vision of the proposers and the Higher Education Authority which has created the new Centre, especially in the present gloomy financial climate. I had planned to be gloomy at some length, but I watched the NTE TV news last night, with the debate about NAMA and preparations for today's national day of action, and Paul Blackmore assures me that later he will be giving gloom further coverage, so I'll try to be more optimistic.