The utilization of recycled scrap rubber tyre chips in seismic isolation of structure is a low cost earthquake mitigation technique which can potentially reduce the intensity of seismic shock propagation into the structure. The current paper deals with the seismic response of a typical structure which has layers of recycled scrap tyre mixtures placed underneath the footing. The intrusion of rubber tyre chips alters the damping properties of the soil by increasing energy dissipation. A finite element analysis of the isolation system was carried out by Flexible Volume Substructure Method using SASSI 2010. The time history of acceleration of Bhuj earthquake, India (2001) is used as a input motion in the analysis. It is found that the peak ground acceleration response is significantly reduced due to the damping effect caused by soil-rubber tyre isolators.


We read with great interest the study by Hewitt et al, which concentrated on weaknesses in double checking and alternative ways to view the practice based on semistructured interviews of health care practitioners. We especially appreciate the research methodology and design of this creative work. We are from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University (SAHZU), a Joint Commission International (JCI)– accredited academic medical center hospital with 3200 beds in China. We would like to share our perspectives in the following paragraphs. First, the study by Hewitt et al confirmed the variability in interpretations and ideas of what constitutes a double check among front line health care practitioners, and this finding indicated that practitioners should need to clarify what is meant by double checking. Actually, there are four expressions of checking strategies in clinical practice, including single checking, single‐person double checking, double‐person checking, and independent double checking (IDC). An institution should specify the scope of implementing each checking method. According to the Institute for Safe Medication Practices, IDC means that the second practitioner independently verifies whether the item (eg, dosage) is correct and the answer is then compared with the first practitioner's results. The lack of collaboration is intended to eliminate the bias that would be generated if the two practitioners jointly arrived at an answer.When conducted properly, IDC could catch 95% of errors, leaving only a 5% chance of an error being missed. Second, IDC should only be used for very selective high‐alert medications because of workload issues looming heavily over practitioners. JCI implementation on managing the safe use of concentrated electrolytes recommends IDC policy for correct product, dosage, method of delivery, dilution, and patient before intravenous administration. Barras et al described the implementation of safety systems for the use of intravenous potassium chloride. After the introduction of intervention measures that included IDC at point of administration, the number of incidents significantly reduced from 23 to 9 in the 12months (P < .001). Since January 2013, our hospital has required a standardized IDC before barcode‐assisted medication administration of special high‐alert medications (eg, intravenous insulin, intravenous heparin, chemotherapy medications, and narcotics), ie, before administering medication, two licensed healthcare professionals independently go


The automatic vectorization of building shape from very high resolution remote sensing imagery is fundamental in many fields, such as urban management and geodatabase updating. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been successfully used for building edge detection, but the results are raster images rather than vectorized maps and do not meet the requirements of many applications. Although there are some algorithms for converting raster images into vector maps, such vector maps often have too many vector points and irregular shapes. This article proposed a building shape vectorization hierarchy, which combined DCNNs-based building edge detection and a corner extraction algorithm based on principle component analysis for rapidly extracting building corners from the building edges. Experiments on the Jiangbei New Area Buildings and Massachusetts Buildings datasets showed that compared with the state-of-the-art corner detectors, the building vector corners extracted using our proposed algorithm had fewer breakpoints and isolated points, and our building vector boundaries were more complete and regular. In addition, the building shapes extracted using our hierarchy were 7.94% higher than the nonmaximum suppression method in terms of relaxed overall accuracy on the Massachusetts dataset. Overall, our proposed hierarchy is effective for building shape vectorization.


Recent work is presented on the development of an optical frequency standard, based on the /sup 2/S/sub 1/2/-/sup 2/D/sub 5/2/ "clock" transition at 674 nm in two isotopes of strontium. A/spl ap/200 Hz linewidth 674 nm laser has been frequency-stabilised to the centre of the /sup 2/S/sub 1/2/-/sup 2/D/sub 5/2/ transition in two /sup 88/Sr/sup +/ ions, separately confined in two RF traps. The frequency locking algorithm for control of the laser frequency to the transition using the two ions is described. The mean difference of the frequency observed in the two ions is 34(33) Hz, where the number in parenthesis is the standard uncertainty. The Allan deviation of the difference frequency stability was observed to range from 10 Hz to 50 Hz at 30 s. In /sup 87/Sr/sup +/, there are "clock" transitions independent of the first order Zeeman shift; laser cooled /sup 87/Sr/sup +/ ions have been observed in a new trap with an oven containing isotopically enriched /sup 87/Sr.


Since the 1997 high performance concrete (HPC) showcase, state and local agencies in Washington State have constructed eight bridges with high performance concrete (HPC) girders, have ten ready to be advertised, and have eight being designed. Environmental requirements to keep piers out of waterways and the necessity of providing for future widening to accommodate increasing traffic demands are creating an ever-growing need for longer spans. The use of HPC improves construction economy by providing for longer spans, increased girder spacings, and shallower girders. Experience gained through the design and fabrication of HPC girders has shown that release strength is the critical parameter. A specified release compressive strength of 7500 psi (52 MPa) and a specified design compressive strength of 8500 psi (59 MPa) result in an optimum design economy. While compressive strengths of 10,000 psi (69 MPa) are possible, the extended in-form curing time and design mix complexities are uneconomical and difficult.


Introduction: Emergency care is available in many forms in Swaziland and to our knowledge, there has never been a systematic study of emergency departments (EDs) in the country. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics, resources and capacity of emergency departments (EDs) in the Kingdom. Methods: The National Emergency Department Inventory (NEDI)-International survey instrument (www.emnet-nedi.org) was used to survey all Swaziland EDs accessible to the general public 24/7. ED staff were asked about calendar year 2014. Data were entered directly into Lime Survey, a free, webbased, open-source survey application. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including proportions and medians with interquartile ranges (IQR). Results: Sixteen of 17 EDs participated (94% response rate). Participating EDs were in either in hospitals (69%). EDs had a median of 53,399 visits per year (IQR 15,000 to 97,895). Fourteen (88%) EDs had a contiguous layout and the other 2 (12%) were noncontiguous. Overall, 8 (53%) had access to cardiac monitors and 11 (69%) had a 24/7 clinical laboratory available. Only 1 (6%) ED had a dedicated CT scanner, while 2 (13%) others had limited access through their hospital. The typical ED length-of-stay was between 1 and 6 hours (44%). The most commonly available specialists were general surgeons, with 9 (56%) EDs having them available for in-person consultation. No EDs had a plastic surgeon or psychiatrist available. Overall, 75% of EDs reported running at overcapacity. Conclusions: Swaziland EDs were predominantly contiguous and running at overcapacity, with high patient volumes and limited resources. The limited access to technology and specialists are major challenges. We believe that these data support greater resource allocation by the Swaziland government to the emergency care sector.


We study the single production of top and fourth standard model family quark t′ in ep and γp collisions. The subprocesses eb → t(t′)νe and γb → t(t′)W for the production of t and t′ are considered. We find the total cross-section for single top production as ∼ 38 pb and ∼ 27 pb at future ep and γP colliders with √sep = 5.5 TeV, respectively.


Consideration is given to data networks carrying mixed low- and high-priority traffic. For such networks, the authors propose a synchronous limited sensing random access algorithm per channel, which gives a delay advantage to the high-priority traffic. The algorithm basically consists of two dynamically coupled window algorithms, one for the high- and one for the low-priority packets. Assuming limit Poisson user models for both the traffic classes, the authors optimize the windows of the mixed algorithm for: (a) throughput maximization under no specific delay constraints and (b) throughput maximization subject to expected delay constraints for high-priority traffic. For both cases, the delay characteristics of the algorithm are studied for the two classes of data traffic. With appropriate selection of the two window sizes, the algorithm can attain relatively high throughput, while it simultaneously maintains low expected per high priority packet delays, whose values are only slightly affected by the total traffic rate.<<ETX>>


TiN/AlN nano-multilayer films were deposited by an ion-beam aided unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering system.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,microhardness tester and optical interferometer.The results showed that the TiN/AlN nano-multilayer film has good periodic modulation to affect significantly its preferred growth orientation.As a whele,the hardness of the films increases and varies with the modulation period,and it comes up to the maximum when the period is 7.5nm.


Casual comparison of the analysis results from AHP and Conjoint Analysis suggests that they are rather similar. Both approaches portray the importance (utility) scores of selected attributes of a product or service. This empirical study was conducted among 149 respondents from a large company in Macau, SAR. 90 were students of an Associate Degree programme in a Community College and 59 were management trainees. They were all briefed on how the methodologies of AHP and Conjoint Analysis work, before they complete the survey instrument on an anonymous basis. The main training attributes were developed during a course assignment. The six important training attributes identified by the respondents are: learning environment, training methods and contents, quality of trainers, cost effectiveness, continuous improvement through feedback, and recognition of qualification. The aim of this study is to compare the similarities and contrast the differences between AHP and Conjoint Analysis. As both AHP and Conjoint Analysis are gaining popularity among researchers, this empirical study helps provide useful insights to those who would be interested in using one or either or both of these research tools.


— Some properties of Intuitionistic Fuzzy (IF) rough relational algebraic operators under an IF rough relational data model are investigated and illustrated using diabetes and heart disease databases. These properties are important and desirable for processing queries in an effective and efficient manner.


The consequences of the coronavirus are of a different order. This book considers some of those that affect the world order, which will have various impacts in the post-pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has not been the first nor the last, in a world in which humanity has failed to maintain a proper relationship with nature and with the planet. It has reacted with varied interpretations of the coronavirus, some rational and others absurd that incorporate linear and even conspiracy theories, which invite us to think about the future in unnecessary authoritarian drifts, compared to those of respect for democratic individual freedoms, in a climate of generalization, surveillance systems and digital control technologies led by China, but also used by some governments in the West. Chinese behavior is offered as a model for the world, which poses dilemmas for Latin American countries with different alignments vis-a-vis the new power and the traditional alignment with the United States, in an environment that offers the possibility of thinking about a world political regime based on Machiavellian experiences, but without neglecting the political background of an always active and current terrorism and of the strong changes in the geoeconomic environment with the shortening of global value chains in their transcontinental spatiality.


This work deals with simulation of Bidirectional DC to DC converter fed PMDC motor drive. This converter can operate with steep conversion ratio, a soft-switching, a continuous inductor current, and fixed switching frequency and low switch stresses. Drive output taken for various input voltages during boost and buck mode of operation.


The problem of the poor inhabitants of the Code Riverside was evidently not architecture, but... the common feelings of people that were rejected and abandoned; the everyday feelings of people that lived with permanent fear of being swept away one day by the capitalistic policies of development and modernization (YB Mangunwijaya, in accepting the Ruth and Ralph Erskine Award, 1995). Architects and community There are new forms of urban governance emerging in Asian cities. Ongoing slum upgrading projects and disaster rehabilitation work is currently driven by community needs and initiated by grassroots groups. Over time, community upgrading has evolved in scale from small individual projects to providing city-wide solutions, leading in some cases to systemic change in urban development, an inclusive practice which involves local governments and civil society groups. Unlike commonly perceived development work, these projects and communities are globally connected through transnational networks of community activists and architects. This is evident in the networks of the Asian Coalition for Community Action (ACCA) and the Slum/Shack Dwellers International (SDI) which operate across the global South (Mitlin and Satterthwaite 2012). The urban poor have shown their ability to drive change in their own communities. They were able to share lessons amongst themselves and learn from each other. The ongoing process demands stronger support from professionals, including planners and architects. What can we contribute to this movement? There are no instant answers. One of the reasons is that today's architects belong to the group of professionals which are


In order to improve the effect of bilingual teaching in classroom,task-based bilingual teaching was used to pathology courses of clinical medicine in Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College.The students' study medical specialized English ability was evaluated.Test scores and the difficulty factors of carrying out were analyzed.The results showed that the task-based bilingual teaching was applied to pathology courses in clinical medicine not only could improve students' vocational interest,but also could promote the students' foreign language level.

Key words:
Task-based bilingual teaching; Pathology; Teaching effect


Project-based learning (PBL) is believed to build students' critical
thinking skills. This study aims to explore the ways PBL develop
students' critical thinking skills in EFL classroom. The design employed
in this research was a qualitative case study with one class of tenth grade
students as the participants. The data obtained through observation,
interview, and collection of students' work.The findings revealed that
there are five processes of PBL that developed students' critical thinking
skills: (1) building background knowledge, (2) working with group to
plan and construct video story scenario, (3) recording scenes, (4) editing
the video, and (5) evaluating the video product and the whole process of
the project. Through these 5 PBL processes, critical thinking developed
includes: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and
self-regulation. In general, critical thinking levels of students were at the
acceptable levels, which frequently interpreted, identified arguments,
offered analyses and evaluations of alternative points of view,
drewwarranted conclusion, justified procedures, and opened to new
idea. This study also discovered that the most challenging process in
developing students' critical thinking skills is the process of working
with group to plan and construct a video story scenario. In addition, the
used of ICT in PBL supported the development of students' critical
thinking skills. Moreover, evaluation process played a role as a tool for
reflection that further encouraged students' critical


This paper deals with the orientation of three-line imagery which has been taken during the MOMS-02rD2 experiment in spring 1993, and during the MOMS-2PrPRIRODA mission since April 1996. The reconstruction of the image orientation is based on a combined adjustment of the complete image, ground control, orbit and attitude information. The combined adjustment makes use of the orientation point approach or the orbital constraints approach. In the second case, the bundle adjustment algorithm is supplemented by a rigorous dynamical modeling of the spacecraft motion. The results of the combined adjustment using MOMS-02rD2 imagery and control information of orbit a75b are presented. Based on the Ž . orientation point approach an empirical height accuracy of up to 4 m 0.3 pixel is obtained. In planimetry the empirical Ž . Ž . accuracy is limited to about 10 m 0.7 pixel , since the ground control points GCP and check points could not be identified in the imagery with the required accuracy. Computer simulations on MOMS-2PrPRIRODA image orientation based on realistic input information have shown that good accuracies of the estimated exterior orientation parameters and object point coordinates can be obtained either with a single strip and a few precise GCP or even without ground control information, if a Ž . block of several overlapping and crossing strips with high geometric strength qf60% is adjusted. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Improving the quality of metal products by crushing of the microstructure of material is one of the promising areas of modern metallurgy. The basic idea consists in refinement the grain structure of the material to sizes less than a micron, i.e. the obtaining of ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials, offering higher strength properties of the material under preservation or a small loss of ductility. Stainless austenitic steel AISI 321 is widely used in all the above areas as well as in chemical, vacuum and nuclear technology. For the obtaining of UFG structure in this material the method of radial-shear rolling is used. For the purpose of identifying the influence of radial-shear rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of stainless austenitic steel AISI-321, the experiment was conducted where at the radial-shear rolling mill SVP-08 at 800 °C in several passes of the workpieces with a diameter of 30 mm rolled till a diameter of 13 mm with following cooling in water. The analysis of the microstructure of deformed samples showed the presence of equiaxed ultrafine-grained structure in the peripheral areas of the workpiece and the presence of elongated fibrous texture in the axial zone. The strength characteristics of the workpiece has increased more than 2 times, with a slight decrease of plasticity.


THE facts of Guest v Guest [2022] UKSC 27, [2022] 3 W.L.R. 911 fitted a familiar pattern. For over 30 years, Andrew worked and lived on Tump Farm, owned by his parents, David and Josephine, for low wages. David promised Andrew (taking account of other familial expectations) a sufficient share of the farm to enable him to run a viable farming business on the parents' deaths. The parents made wills accordingly. But following a falling out, Andrew was removed from the wills and left Tump Farm. The judge's undisturbed conclusion ([2019] EWHC 869 (Ch)) was that Andrew had made out a proprietary estoppel claim against his still-living parents: he had relied to his detriment on David's non-contractual promises, such that it was unconscionable for David to resile from them. The case invited the Supreme Court to consider a fundamental question, effectively for the first time in living memory at the highest level: should successful estoppel claimants like Andrew generally have their expectations fulfilled, should they generally be limited to having their detriment reversed, or was the correct approach a third way? The precise answer divided the panel, which issued two lengthy judgments (lacking explicit direct engagement with each other) over 10 months after the one-day hearing. Leading the majority, Lord Briggs (with whom Ladies Rose and Arden agreed) identified the objective of an estoppel remedy as compensating for the unconscionability caused by the defendant promisor in repudiating their representations. The preferable and simplest way of remedying that unconscionability was to assume (not presume) that claimants should have their expectations fulfilled. This was to be the "starting point" in "many cases", although "considerations of practicality, justice between the parties and fairness to third parties may call for a reduced or different award" (at [94]). Lord Briggs grounded his approach in previous case law, identifying satisfying expectations as the "main driver of the remedy" (at [22]). Following a detailed review, he concluded that "there is not a single English authority favouring the approach that the essential aim of the remedy was to protect the claimant's reliance interest and therefore to compensate for the detriment" (at [52]). Inter alia, he emphasised that the "minimum equity"-based approach in Crabb v Arun District Council [1976] Ch. 179, 198 was not about identifying expectation and detriment and then awarding whichever was cheaper for the defendant. Rather, Scarman L.J. in Crabb was concerned with the "minimum equity to do justice" (emphasis added), with "justice" meaning remedying the unconscionability in the repudiation of the Cambridge Law Journal, 82(1), March 2023, pp. 13–16 © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. doi:10.1017/S0008197323000119


Objective To establish a digital model of reconstruction and three-dimensional visualization of dental cast from CT images.Methods Based on helical CT images of dental cast,the dental and periodontal tissue were reconstructed with the Mimics software and Geomagic Studio software,followed by validation of this model using finite element analysis software.Results The established three-dimensional digital model of dental cast included the teeth,periodontal membrane and alveolar bone.The output result of the digital model can be used in research of computer aided design,rapid prototyping and finite element analysis.Conclusion The results show that the model has good effect visually and mathematicall;and the application of helical CT and Dicom standard ensures the establishment of a more accurate digital model;Mimics and Geomagic Studio softwares allow a more convenient reconstruction of the dental and periodontal tissues,and digital model in a variety of formats can be outputed for further study.


In view of the lack of consideration of environmental protection performance in the traditional path optimization model, a path optimization model for urban traffic networks from the perspective of environmental pollution protection is proposed. Firstly, the urban real-time traffic condition is expressed by the road traffic state index, and an integer programming model is established to optimize the route with the goal of low carbon and shortest distribution time. Then, a hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with adaptive disturbance mechanism based on variable neighborhood descent is designed, which can better carry out adaptive disturbance according to the situation that the population falls into local extreme value, and the 2-opt local search method is introduced to improve the quality of solution. Finally, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the two-objective model to obtain the Pareto front solution set, that is, the path scheme under real-time traffic conditions. The experimental demonstration of the proposed model based on two application scenarios shows that its distribution cost, distribution time, and carbon emission are 1975 yuan, 27 h, and 213 kg, respectively, which are better than other comparison models and have high application value.


The background of this research is the low mathematical proofing ability of students. One alternative learning that can be applied to improve students' mathematical proofing ability is the PACE learning. The purpose of this study is to find out: whether the students' mathematical evidentiary ability using the PACE learning is better than students who use PBL (Problem Based Learning) models, and how students respond to mathematics learning using the PACE learning. The research method is quasi-experimental, with a pretest-posttest control group design research design. The study was conducted in one of the state high schools in the city of Bandung. The study population was all students of class XI, the sample students of class XI MIPA-1 as the experimental class were given the PACE treatment and class XI MIPA-2 as the control class was given the PBL treatment. The research instrument was a mathematical proofing ability test, a student questionnaire, and an educator observation sheet. The results of the research are quantitative and qualitative data. Analysis of quantitative research results using t test, while qualitative results use a Likert scale. Based on the analysis of the results of the mathematical proofing ability test, it can be concluded that: the mathematical proofing ability of students by using the PACE learning model is better than the students who use PBL learning models, and the students' responses to mathematics learning using the PACE learning are positive.


Returns of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) tagged internally with magnetic tags along southwest Newfoundland and in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence in 1970–71 were analyzed for biases due to initial tagging mortality and to tag extrusion during the reproductive act. Initial tagging mortalities calculated by two methods ranged from 4 to 49% and increased with the duration of impoundment of the fish prior to tagging. Estimates of tag loss during the spawning season indicated that most of the tags inserted in ripening herring were extruded with the reproductive products, whereas those applied to recently spent or recovering herring had sufficient time to become attached to internal organs and hence had a high retention rate. The results indicate that the effectiveness of tagging herring internally will be greatly improved if conducted on recovering or spent fish impounded for only short periods of time before tagging.


Yet, even when it is couched in jargon, I found her discussion generally clear and insightful, bringing fresh significance to familiar passages and plausible interpretations to unfamiliar ones. In fact, I find the book better for its comments on particular passages than for its totality, which seems somewhat simplistic and reductionist in its general thrust. (A postscript: There are a few typographical errors in the Greek [e.g., pp. 55, 153], which may be a source of momentary perplexity to at least some readers.)


AbstractPhysical activity in persons with asthma is important at any age but even more so in adolescents. Collaboration between the nurse practitioner and adolescent is essential to develop an asthma management plan that will provide for optimal physical activity and prevent asthma exacerbations while exercising.


To design a floating production or drilling structure, we have to estimate the interacted responses among a floating offshore structure, risers and mooring lines in external forces. This study has focused a floating structure with riser. First of all, this paper has discussed with behavior of a forced oscillated riser model.First, model experiments in a water tank have been carried out in forced oscillation conditions to observe the behavior of a riser model.Second, the behavior of forced oscillated riser model has been estimated by two numerical mothods. These methods are based on Morison's equations, and CFD method, respectively, for calculating hydrodynamic forces around a 2D riser section.To validate corresponding of numerical estimation, experimental results have been compared with numerical results. From these results, the numerical methods have been confirmed as useful and appropriate.


The asphalt mixture internal structure was quantitatively studied by fractal theory.The fractal dimensions of the cross section of asphalt mixture were obtained by DBC method,then the complication degree of asphalt mixture internal structure was reflected by the fractal dimensions.The complication degree of internal structure of asphalt mixture was higher than core sample of asphalt pavement by comparing the fractal dimensions.Three different asphalt mixtures(SMA,AC-20G,AC-25G) were created for the same processing methods in laboratory,and their fractal dimensions have little differences,but comparing with fractal dimensions of core sample of asphalt pavement have more differences,the results indicate that the processing methods of samples have effect on characteristics of internal structure of asphalt mixture.The fractal method is very useful to describe characteristics of internal structure of the asphalt mixture based on the CT pictures.


Abstract For an economist, ultimate goals of neuroeconomic research include improving economic policy analysis. One path toward this goal is to use neuroeconomic data to advance economic theory, and productive efforts have been made towards that end. Equally important, though less studied, is how neuroeconomics can provide quantitative evidence on policy, and in particular the way in which it might inform structural econometric inference. This paper is a first step in that direction. We suggest here that key forms of preference (or decision strategy) heterogeneity can be identified by brain imaging studies and, consequently, linked stochastically to observable individual characteristics. Then, recognizing that brain-imaging studies are substantially costly, we derive conditions under which the probabilistic link between observable characteristics and type, a quantity critical to policy analysis, can be estimated more precisely by combining data from traditional and brain-based decision studies.


Denis Novak has been elected the new president of FECAVA, the pan European small animal veterinary association, at its 25th EuroCongress in St Petersburg, Russia (4–7 September). The clinical skills that he employs in his Belgrade-based practice have been finely tuned through contact with professional colleagues throughout Europe, including the UK where he has been a regular visitor.


The lecture describes the mechanisms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with metabolic syndrome. A comprehensive treatment with the use of ursodeoxycholic acid has reduced the severity of hepatic steatosis, manifestations of dyslipidemia, the syndromes of cytolysis and cholestasis, the abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome, and, consequently, has positively influenced insulin resistance.


Objective: to identify the scientific evidences that present the importance of the companion during the pregnancypuerperal process. Method: this is a descriptive bibliographic, integrative review study, which includes articles published in Portuguese, found in full between 2013 and 2019, indexed in the BDENF and LILACS databases and in the SciELO virtual library. Data was analyzed from grouping into analytical categories. Results: ten articles were selected and classified into two categories: "Preparation of the companion during prenatal care for her active performance in the context of birth" and "Relevant aspects for the insertion of the companion in the pregnancy-puerperal process". Conclusion: it was found that the insertion of the companion in the pregnancy-puerperal process is fundamental for the guarantee and effectiveness of steps that guarantee the parturient different benefits, such as reduction of tensions, fears, duration of labor, incidence of postpartum depression and caesarean section. Descriptors: Humanizing Delivery; Prenatal Care; Medical Chaperones; Pregnancy; Postpartum Period; Patient Rights.


Based on palaeomagnetic studies of the Precambrian gold deposits in the Xiong'ershan area, Henan Province, the authors infer that the ore-forming processes of the Beiling alteration-type gold ore deposit and the Dianfang breccia-type gold ore deposit started in the Proterozoic, and was superimposed by later mineralization, whereas the mineralization age of the Jiguanshan quartz-vein type gold ore deposit is Yanshanian.


This article explores how certain elements of  society show resistance against the process of depoliticisation that works through development. Drawing on the case of  peasants in Lembor, a regency in Western Flores, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), this article argues that, by offering a so-called 'alternative development', civil society actors attempt to show their resistance against the process of depoliticisation that has been implemented through the rice monoculture farming system. To this end, the theories of depoliticisation and alternative development as resistance shall be used as analytical tools. Depoliticisation is defined in the literature as the process through which the regime of  mainstream development relocates politico-economic questions in dealing with the problems of peasants, in this case those in Lembor. Meanwhile, the theory of alternative development will be used to frame the form of  peasants' resistance in Lembor. The ultimate end of  this study is to restore power to political analysis. As such, this article seeks to conflate development and democracy in discussing citizens' welfare.


A statement is presented of the basic points of design philosophy which will be used as a guide in the design of a facility for handling, analyzing, cladding and performing other operations on plutonium carbide. Types of hazards associated with plutonium include toxicity, pyrophoricity, and nuclear reactivity. (J.R.D.)


We report a case of a rapidly progressing giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma weighing 22 kg in a 41-year-old Japanese man, successfully treated with surgical excision. To our knowledge, this is the largest liposarcoma in the Japanese population reported in the literature.


The aim of this paper is to apply the ecology design (eco-design) guidelines, which may be used in the product design, considering customer needs, environmental impact and design perspectives. To investigate relationships critical in determining the design, gemba (a widely used conceptual method for understanding users) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) methods were used. The QFD is based on two issues: life cycle perspectives and design perspectives, involving the following two stages: functionality and aesthetic strategies. In the case study, we have designed and implemented the Biomechanical Electric Generator (BEG) based on eco-design planning.


Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) are the most occurring chronic liver diseases caused by hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndromes like insulin resistance in Type-2 diabetes, obesity and hyperlipidemic condition. Indian men have a high prevalence of NAFLD. Genetic factor is also an important consideration for NAFLD. The core aim of this study is to focus on non-invasive biochemical markers for diagnosis of NAFLD as an alternative to liver biopsy. Biopsy is the gold standard for NAFLD; however a variety of studies powerfully suggest that due to the limitation and risk of biopsy, as well as improvement of the diagnostic accuracy of biochemical markers, biopsy should no longer be considered obligatory. Thus, due to the limitation of liver biopsy, numerous biomarkers has been developed recently, which may provide more accurate results than an inferior quality liver biopsy. Some important biomarkers are caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18, breath biomarker, circulating microRNAs, abdominal ultrasound, adipocytokines, etc. Keywords: Adipocytokines, Cytokeratin-18, Liver biopsy, MicroRNAs, Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, Non-invasive biomarkers


In October 2009, the Dominican Republic's Constitutional Assembly passed the thirty-eighth version of its Constitution, including more than forty amended articles that took effect on January 26, 2010. Among these amended articles are Article 39, guaranteeing equal treatment for women, and Article 37, enshrining a right to life that cannot be violated "from conception until death." Another adapted article, which appeared (using slightly different language) in the Dominican Republic's 2002 constitution, is Article 26, which states that all international agreements to which the Dominican Republic is a signatory will be enforced domestically. The Dominican Republic is a signatory to the Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), which protects women's reproductive choice. Thus, in the Dominican Republic's new constitution, the country is both required to protect a right to life beginning at conception and to protect women's reproductive choices. This conflict is an example of an important but often-overlooked problem in constitutional law. What happens when constitutional provisions conflict? Must one provision be favored over another, or might the conflicting provisions be somehow reconciled? To date, few countries have dealt specifically with a conflict-


An "all pipes" hydraulic model of a DMA-sized drinking water distribution system was onstructed with two types of demand allocations. One is constructed with the conventional op-down approach, i.e. a demand multiplier pattern from the booster station is llocated to all demand nodes with a correction factor to account for the average water emand on that node. The other is constructed with a bottom-up approach of demand allocation, i.e., each individual home is represented by one demand node with its own tochastic water demand pattern. The stochastic water demand patterns are constructed with an end-use model on per second basis and per individual home. The flow entering the test area was easured and a tracer test with sodium hloride was performed to measure travel imes. The two models were evaluated on the predicted sum of demands and travel times, compared with what was measured in the test area. The new bottom-up approach performs at least as well as the conventional top down approach with respect to total demand and travel times, without the need for any flow measurements or calibration measurements. The bottom-up approach leads to a stochastic method of hydraulic modelling and gives insight into the variability of travel times as an added feature beyond the conventional way of modelling.


This study aims to determine the effect of destination variables and tourism
product variables on visiting intentions through (e-wom) at the Bukik Cinangkiak tourist attraction, Solok Regency. The research concept is a path analysis model used to the direct or indirect effect of a set of independent variables (exogenous) on the dependent variable (endogenous). The results of the analysis of the effect of the destination image on the intention to visit t count 2.562 > t table 1.661. The magnitude of the effect of 0.065 or 6.5% means that HO is accepted. Tourism product on intention to visit t count 4,297 > t table 1,661. The magnitude of the influence of 0.164 or 16.4% means that HO is accepted. Electronic word of mouth on intention to visit t count 4.410 > t table 1.661. The magnitude of the influence of 0.171 or 17.1% means that HO is accepted. Destination image to electronic word of mouth, t count 4,074 > t table 1.661. The magnitude of the influence of 0.149 or 14.9% means that HO is accepted. Tourism products on electronic word of mouth, t count 7,460 > t table 1,661. The magnitude of the effect of 0.372 or 37.2% means that HO is accepted. The indirect effect of destination image on intention to visit through electronic word of mouth is 0.519 or 51.9%. The indirect effect of tourism products on visiting intentions through electronic word of mouth is 0.581 or 58.1%.


The biomass,carbon content,carbon storage and distribution in poplar plantation of 25-years-old on karst topography area were studied.The results show that the poplar plantation soil carbon content declined from the surface to deeper layers gradually slightly.Soil carbon storage was 121.26 t·hm-2 and the distribution of 0~60 cm layer soil carbon storage was in equilibrium.Carbon content in different organs of poplar was ranged from 446.65~580.25 g·kg-1,and decreased in the order of trunk bark roots leaves branches.The average carbon content of vegetation decreased in the order of the poplar shrubsherbs species,and in the forest floor the order was decomposed semi-decomposed without decomposition.The level of carbon storage in different organs of poplar decreased in the order of stem root bark leaf branch,with the carbon storage of the steam was 34.14 t·hm-2,being 58.44% of the whole carbon storage of the poplar.The carbon storage of poplar plantation ecosystem was 186.98 t·hm-2,with poplar accounted for 31.25%,shrub and herb layers accounted for 2.18%,the forest floor accounted for 1.72% and soil(0~60 cm) accounted for 64.85%.poplar and soil carbon storage were the main part of the carbon storage of the poplar plantation ecosystem.


Lubricating structure for a transmission using the lubricating oil supplied from the interior of the rotary shaft of the transmission is lubricated effectively supported by the rotary shaft outer circumference of the one-way clutch. The gasket (59) and the radially inner end portion of the first bearing (57) of the inner ring (57a) comes into contact, and disposed radially gasket sealing surface (59) of the outer end (59a) and the second bearing ( 51) of the outer race (51b) comes into contact, it is possible through the second bearing (51) of the outer ring (51b) by the second rotary shaft (14), washers (59) and the first bearing (57) of the inner ring ( 57a) supporting action to the second gear (24) of the axial load, moreover, there is formed inside the second rotary shaft (14) of the lubricating oil supplied from the side surface of the gasket (59) of the second bearing (51) side guided through the second bearing (51) to the one-way clutch (23) guides the lubricating surface (59c), the lubricating oil can be efficiently supplied to the second bearing (51) and the one-way clutch (23) thereby enhancing the lubricating effect .


A unique self-healing and corrosion reporting composite polymer is successfully constructed, aiming to achieve repairing ability for wider cracks under NIR excitation and report early corrosion in graphene-based dark coatings.


Roland Barthes's theoretical attack on the intelligibility of structuralism has always sounded as a philosophical reasoning that should be revered as such. This rather is a paradigm shift in human effort in the creation of a better life and in its understanding. Through a written text, it is possible to view cultural entities that reveal the forwarding of the world's civilization being conveyed by the author. This possibility is granted by individual/reader's cultural background, which varies with the variation of the latter's life conception. In this context, do we consider the author's biography or his/her imagination in our construction of the text's meaning? In other words, should we perceive life through the same lenses of the author by the help of the text? This article has argued that Barthes's stance on poststructuralism/postmodernism is not a philosophical reasoning but a necessary step in the human free psychological development. On the other hand, confining a written text to the author's intended meaning (which is not feasible), does not verify the human cultural diversifications; and finally, both poststructuralism and postmodernism are aiming the same cultural objectives which do not go for the understanding of the world through one and single discourse.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined use of point-through-point acupuncture plus current pulse and Chinese herbal medicine in treating intractable hiccup in tumor patients.Methods One hundred and forty-one tumor patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 74 cases and a control group of 67 cases.The treatment group was treated by combined use of point-through-point acupuncture plus current pulse and Chinese herbal medicine and the control group, by Western drug placebo for antispasm.Both were treated for 5 times.The clinical therapeutic effects were evaluated afterward.A follow-up was performed 15 days later to see if there was a recurrence.Results A comparison between the two groups after the completion of treatment course showed that the clinical cure rate and the total efficacy rate were obviously higher in the treatment group than in the control group;there were statistically significant differences(P0.01,P0.025).Conclusion Combined use of point-through-point acupuncture plus current pulse and Chinese herbal medicine is an effective way to treat intractable hiccup in tumor patients.


The idea of being modern has always been with us. Every generation appoints its pantheon of Ancients and Moderns and distinguishes themselves as part of something new rather than identifying with that which has come to be seen as old. This essay will examine the way the interconnected ideas of the 'new' and the 'modern' were being redefined in seventeenth-century debates around art, literature, and technology. Departing from Annibale Carracci's infamous retort to the pedantic ruminations of his cousin Agostino on the fragmented state of the Laocoon an argument will be made for the reinstatement of painting as the privileged medium of the 'new' within certain circles. Writing from the perspective of the latter half of the seicento, the Venetian art critic, Marco Boschini would retrospectively proclaim that the 'new' was embodied in the medium of painting, and painting done in the Venetian style to be precise. Implicit in his patriotic promotion of the style pioneered by Titian and Tintoretto was a dismissal of sculpture as a medium all too ancient and all too Roman for contemporary art collectors. Rome, he argued, represented an antiquated regime that had also lost its affect on the excited imagination of young modern artists. It goes without saying that Boschini's claim, while presented with great emotion and enthusiasm in La Carta del navegar pitoresco (1660), is entirely untenable given the historical realities of early seventeenth-century Roman art. It is the task of this essay, therefore, to situate Boschini's position in its proper historical context as a case study for a certain seventeenth-century interpretation of the 'new' and the 'modern' founded upon the sensory encounter with the materiality of painting.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of restoration of acromiohumeral distance of immediate postoperative period in patients who have rotator cuff repair surgery with large-to-massive rotator cuff tears and to find clinical and radiologic factors influencing this. Fifty four patie...


In this article I present the rudiments of a theoretical approach to the religious field in Lithuania. These reflections are part of an ongoing process of designing a research project on religious and moral pluralism. Religious pluralism is a fairly recent feature of East-Central European societies. When religion was suppressed by the socialist regimes after World War II, the church, especially the Catholic Church, became part of a polarized social experience built upon the dichotomy of the state versus the unified nation. In many countries the church established itself as the guardian of a national Christian tradition and claimed a moral monopoly on people's values. Appearing as gross oversimplifications, presented in the article theoretical reflections can serve as helpful stepping-stones in the process of combining theoretical models and grassroots ethnography.


The present invention relates to a method and its capillary itself production of open tubular capillary for containing a monolithic absorber. Capillary according to the invention ensures particularly good adhesion to the capillary walls of the absorber, characterized by a connecting layer between the capillary wall absorbers.


A combination of vertically and horizontally oriented magnetic sensing coils is arranged to provide a signal that is used to control the steering of a driverless passenger vehicle. The vehicle is powered by induction from primary coils placed beneath the roadway. A secondary pick up coil on the underside of the vehicle must be maintained directly above the primary coil track in order to maximise the power transferred to the vehicle. Thus the steering system is required to operate over the widest possible range in order to handle corners and power failures so that the vehicle can be brought back on track and continue normal operation without the intervention of a driver. A sensor coil design based on spatial convolution is described and some of the trade offs listed. Finally theoretical computations are presented together with experimental results for comparison.


From the ages of 3 to 11 Wang Yani produced extraordinary paintings. An exploration of her background gives clues about her talent.


Knowledge of soil spatial variability is important in natural resource management, 22 interpolation and soil sampling design, but requires a considerable amount of geo-referenced 23 data. In this study, mid-infrared spectroscopy in combination with spatial analyses tools is 24 being proposed to facilitate landscape evaluation and monitoring. Mid-infrared spectroscopy 25 2 (MIRS) and geostatistics were integrated for evaluating soil spatial structures of three land 26 settlement schemes in Zimbabwe (i.e. communal area, old resettlement and new resettlement; 27 on loamy-sand, sandy-loam and clay soils, respectively). A nested non-aligned design with 28 hierarchical grids of 750, 150 and 30 m resulted in 432 sampling points across all three 29 villages (730-1360 ha). At each point, a composite topsoil sample was taken and analyzed by 30 MIRS. Conventional laboratory analyses on 25-38% of the samples were used for the 31 prediction of concentration values on the remaining samples through the application of MIRS 32-partial least squares regression models. These models were successful (R2>89) for sand, 33 clay, pH, total C and N, exchangeable Ca, Mg and effective CEC; but not for silt, available P 34 and exchangeable K and Al (R2<82). Minimum sample sizes required to accurately estimate 35 the mean of each soil property in each village were calculated. With regard to locations, 36 fewer samples were needed in the new resettlement area than in the other two areas (e.g. 66 37 versus 133-473 samples for estimating soil C at 10% error, respectively); regarding 38 parameters, less samples were needed for estimating pH and sand (i.e. 3-52 versus 27-504 39 samples for the remaining properties, at same error margin). Spatial analyses of soil 40 properties in each village were assessed by constructing standardized isotropic 41 semivariograms, which were usually well described by spherical models. Spatial 42 autocorrelation of most variables was displayed over ranges of 250-695 m. Nugget-to-sill 43 ratios showed that, in general, spatial dependence of soil properties was: new resettlement > 44 old resettlement > communal area; which was potentially attributed to both intrinsic (e.g. 45 texture) and extrinsic (e.g. management) factors. As a new approach, geostatistical analysis 46 was performed using MIRS data directly, after principal component analyses, where the first 47 three components explained 70% of the overall variability. Semivariograms based on these 48 components showed that spatial dependence per village was similar to overall dependence 49 identified from individual soil properties in each area. In fact, …


Organic apple production expanded rapidly during the past decade due to strong demand, new technology, and price premiums, which suggests it is profitable for growers. No rigorous analysis of cost of production has been done to help project profitability in the face of continued increase in supply. The data presented here compare two methods of estimating cost of production and find that production of organic apples in Washington State, the leading producer, is approximately 5 to 10% more costly than conventional production on a per-acre basis. Introduction Organic apple production expanded rapidly during the past decade, reflecting increased consumer demand and new technology to control chronic pests and problems (3,5). Organic apple acres in the United States nearly doubled from 9,270 certified acres in 2000 to 17,626 acres in 2008 (9). As organic apples have moved from a niche product to a commodity, there is concern among growers and the industry about retaining a premium price that can help cover the perceived additional costs and reduced yields with organic production (4). The apple industry compiles detailed sales and price information for organic and conventional apples (e.g., Washington Growers Clearinghouse), but rigorous estimates of the cost of production are lacking. A question facing the apple industry is just how profitable organic production will be in the long run. What if price premiums shrink or disappear? Will organic production continue or will it revert to conventional production? Economic theory suggests that a price premium decline could result from an increased supply of organic apples through either expanded production acres or greater yields on existing acres. Price premiums attract more growers such that in the long run the supply of organic apples will reach a level where economic profits are driven to zero by declining prices. Table 1 displays projected prices for Washington organic apples based on increased sales volume (6). The price premium is estimated to drop to zero once organic apple sales reach 12% of total Washington sales volume. During the 2009-2010 marketing year, organic apples sales were 6% of total apple sales for Washington. The average price received that year for all apples was $19.05 per 40 lb box (FOB) and $24.89 per box for all organic apples. These prices and corresponding volumes are very close to the values predicted by O'Rourke. 29 April 2013 Crop Management Published June 13, 2014


This paper introduces the design of extrusion die in producing hex pipe.The utilization ratio of the material and the production efficiency can be increased by using the extrusion die in hex pipe production.


This paper provides a tool to determine the equilibrium of an electricity market. Within this equilibrium framework, market participants simultaneously optimize their respective individual and con∞icting objectives. This market works under locational marginal pricing, i.e., producers and consumers are paid and pay, respectively, the locational marginal prices corresponding to the nodes they are connected to. The equilibrium is deflned as the energy transaction levels for which producers maximize their respective proflts and consumers maximize their respective utilities. A system operator clears the market maximizing the social welfare. Constraints involving prices such as conditions that ensure minimum revenue for producers can be incorporated into the problems of the producers. However, these conditions may render the corresponding units uncompetitive and expel them from the market. The Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions involving all the market participant problems result in a mixed linear complementarity problem that identify the equilibrium. This equilibrium is obtained through the solution of a mixed-integer quadratic problem equivalent to the mixed linear complementarity problem that includes the constraints involving prices.


The present invention provides a grain drying apparatus, which can effectively utilize biomass biomass combustion furnace combustion heat produced by the hot air. Grain drying apparatus (1) comprising: a biomass combustion furnace (3), having a heat exchanger (24) based on the combustion heat of biomass fuels with the outside air introduced from the outside to generate hot air; and the circulating drying grain machine (2), having a hot air via a supply pipe (15) to supply hot air generated by the biomass combustion furnace (3) grain drying section (7) the grain drying apparatus (1), the circulation of formula grain dryer (2) comprises a plurality of heating tubes (6a) on the grain drying unit (7), and the hot exhaust gas from the biomass combustion furnace (3) hot air supply via an exhaust pipe (11 ) is supplied to the warming pipe (6a).


Using Portuguese data from the 2001 wave of the European Community Household Panel, we analyse to what extent the endogeneity of schooling affects the estimation of the total impact of schooling on within-groups wage inequality by means of quantile-regression techniques. We conclude that the standard techniques assuming schooling-exogeneity may underestimate the total impact of schooling.


GC/MS was used to find an optimum experimental condition for the screening of organic acids in urine. Urinary organic acids were isolated through the liquid-liquid extraction method (LLE) to examine the influence of pH and the effect of including the back extraction and oximation processes respectively on the extraction. When pH was adjusted to 0.5 during the extraction without oximation process, relatively higher recovery rate and the smallest relative standard deviations (0.3-12.4%) were obtained. By removing the interference, the addition of back extraction made possible surer identification of organic acids with retention time of 15-16 minutes. Under this condition, we obtained the content distribution of urinary organic acids in healthy Korean children (n=16) by establishing the calibration curves for 51 standard organic acids.


Titanium alloys are used in the aero-spatial, energy and biomaterial industries among others and exhibit high specific strength and fracture toughness. Their mechanical properties show a strong dependence on the microstructure, especially on the size and morphology of the constituent phases. An experimental evaluation was done to a better understanding of that influence, using some techniques like as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), both low and high resolution (HR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coupled to electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM). Some in-situ TEM deformation studies were also done. The alloy was submitted to two heat treatment conditions to get different phases distribution. An hcp phase (alpha) in coexistence with a bcc phase (beta) was observed after both treatments as well the occurrence of twins, stacking faults and dislocations arrangements. The work then, discusses the influence of these features on the overall alloy strength.


Kinetic measurements have been made on the degradation reaction of electrochemically prepared polypyrrole films. The measurements were made by applyin proper potentials at polymer film covered electrodes in aqueous sulfuric acid solutions and monitoring the absorbance of the electrolysis product as a function of time. Parameters included for the study were: the potentials at which the films were made, degradation potential, acid concentration, and film thickness. Films degrade faster at higher degradation potentials, in higher acid concentrations, and for thinner films


Results of ultrasonic studies of the magnetoresistive compound Nd Sr MnO in a broad temperature range (1.5}180 K) are reported. With decreasing temperature the pronounced acoustic mode hardening was observed at about ¹ "145 K. The change of sound velocity around ¹ was explained by a strong coupling between the acoustic phonons and the charge-ordered states. 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


In this paper we propose an architecture to provide Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees for DVB-S2 broadband satellite systems. The proposed architecture provides low complexity on its implementation and can seamlessly inter-operate with terrestrial IP networks. The solution is designed in compliance with the ETSI-BSM-QoS framework and provides a detailed design at the Satellite Independent- Satellite Dependent (SI-SD) layers in order to provide QoS guarantees by means of traffic priorities. Particularly, at the SI layers several mechanism are defined to deal with QoS differentiation based on the DiffServ framework. Conversely, at the SD layers the application of different DVB-S2 channel adaptations are assumed. The proposed architecture is evaluated using the NS-2 simulator. The key results show that the implementation of this architecture, enables to keep control of the satellite system load while guaranteeing the QoS levels for the high priority traffic classes even though bandwidth variations due to rain events are experienced.


An acoustic sensor, the Leybold Inficon Composer™, was implemented downstream to a production-scale tungsten chemical vapor deposition cluster tool for in situ process sensing. Process gases were sampled at the outlet of the reactor chamber and compressed with a turbomolecular pump and mechanical pump from the sub-Torr process pressure regime to above 50 Torr as required for gas sound velocity measurements in the acoustic cavity. The high molecular weight gas WF6 mixed with H2 provides a substantial molecular weight contrast so that the acoustic sensing method appears especially sensitive to WF6 concentration. By monitoring the resonant frequency of exhaust process gases, the depletion of WF6 resulting from the reduction by H2 was readily observed in the 0.5 Torr process for wafer temperatures ranging from 300 to 350 °C. Despite WF6 depletion rates as low as 3%–5%, in situ wafer-state metrology was achieved with an error less than 6% over 17 processed wafers. This in situ metrology capability combined wit...


Water flood is probably the most unknown environmental threat for human
and that would make many properties damage. Otherwise, people would have to
spend a lot of money to recover, replace or repair such properties. Nowadays, the
water floods are occurred without any specific alerting and it is happened too fast.
Hence, this project is developing to overcome those problems as a solution. This
project comes out with a device which is functioning to alert people to take further
action when the water flood is detected. This project is focusing on designing the
device that can be able to fix up at car and house also can alert people if flooding
occurs. When the water flood sensor had detected the presence water, the interface
circuit will send the signal fkorn the water flood sensor to PIC (microcontroller) as a
controller. Then, the PIC will be sent out the signal or message via SMS (mobile
phone) to alert user.


To study the protective effect of curcumin on lipopolysaccharide-induced rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is the main objective of the study. Cardiomyocytes were purified and cultured by differential adherence in in vitro and then they were divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide group, lipopolysaccharide+curcumin low-dose (12.5 mg/l) group, lipopolysaccharide+curcumin medium-dose (25 mg/l) group and lipopolysaccharide+curcumin high-dose (50 mg/l) group. The morphological changes were observed under a phase-contrast inverted microscope and the cell volume was measured. The total protein content of the cell was detected by Coomassie brilliant blue kit. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to detect the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha. The TILL imaging system was used to observe the changes in intracellular calcium ions. Compared with the control group, lipopolysaccharide significantly increased the cardiomyocyte volume, the total cell protein content, the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (p<0.01) and the instantaneous peak of calcium ions. Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group, 12.5, 25, 50 mg/l curcumin treatment inhibited the increase of cardiomyocyte volume, total protein content, tumor necrosis factor alpha level and the instantaneous peak of calcium ions induced by lipopolysaccharide and showed a dose-dependent effect. Curcumin has a protective effect on rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by lipopolysaccharides, which may be related to the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha production and the inhibition of calcium ions overload.


Summary 1. A method for studying the effects of known anti-leukemic agents on the glycolysis of intact leukemic leukocytes is reported. The possible applications of this method in evaluating other new and theoretically promising agents, and in selecting the most active agent in a particular clinical case, are indicated. 2. Methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine inhibited the aerobic glycolysis of acute lymphatic leukemia cells. Methotrexate did not inhibit the equally large aerobic glycolysis of acute myelogenous leukemia cells, and 6-mercaptopurine did so only rarely. These metabolic findings parallel general clinical experience. 3. The bearing of these findings on the mechanism of action of certain cancer anti-metabolites (anti-folics and anti-purines) is pointed out.


Recent advances in future generation sequencing technologies have resulted in a tremendous raise in the rate at which protein sequence data are being obtained. Protein sequence analysis is a significant problem in functional genomics. Feature selection techniques are capable of dealing with this high dimensional space of features. In this paper, we propose a feature selection algorithm that combines the Improved Harmony Search algorithm with Rough Set Relative Reduct for Protein sequences for faster and better search capabilities. The feature vectors are extracted from protein sequence database, based on amino acid composition and Kmer patterns or K-tuples and then feature selection is carried out from the extracted feature vectors. The proposed algorithm is compared with Improved Harmony Search hybridized with Rough Set Quick Reduct approach. The experiments are carried out on protein primary single sequence data sets which are derived from PDB on SCOP classification, based on the structural class predictions such as all α, all β, all α+β and all α / β. The feature subset of protein sequences predicted by both existing and proposed algorithms are analyzed with the decision tree classification algorithms. Keywords— Data Mining; Bioinformatics; Feature Selection; Protein Sequence; Rough Set; Relative Reduct; Harmony Search; Protein sequence classification.


Power system operator executes the unit commitment (UC) program to determine the optimal generation schedule for a daily or weekly horizon. In smart power systems, cyber-attacks such as false data injections (FDIs) may resemble a kind of contingency with only manipulating measurements data and without physical initiating events. This paper proposes a network constrained UC model in the presence of cyber-attacks named cyber-secured UC (CSUC) model. Normally the operating point obtained by UC program is on its conventional schedule, however in case of cyber-attack risk, it can depart from the conventional schedule toward the cyber secured schedule without violating unit and network constraints during such transition. The CSUC schedule is secured against a type of cyber-attacks called load redistribution (LR) attacks. Moving to this new operating point, in case of cyber-attack risk, may incur a small and reasonable additional cost to the cost of conventional generation schedule. In order to guarantee the optimality of solution, the proposed CSUC model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The benders decomposition (BD) method is utilized to solve the model in a master and sub-problem hierarchy. The proposed method is implemented in the IEEE 118-bus test system.


Bangladesh is the world's second biggest exporter of garments, producing a range of clothes for all the major designer labels. The collapse of the Rana Plaza building in Savar in April 2013 highlights the lack of building control that had accompanied the very rapid growth of this industry since the early 1990s and initiated a widespread assessment of the structural integrity of hundreds of similar buildings. Medway Consultancy Services (UK) Ltd undertook assessments of some 200 factories between May 2013 and December 2015 for two major buying groups. Each factory building was inspected visually to confirm that it had been built according to available plans and that the resulting structure was fit for purpose. Additional investigations, including ground investigations and exposure of footings, were undertaken in a small number of cases. This paper describes the process for prioritising assessments and the systematic approach adopted for rapid categorisation of structures. It discusses the outcomes and chal...


The results of the first free elections in Yugoslavia since World War II, held in 1990, set the stage for the civil war that broke out in summer and fall 1991. In those elections, strongly nationalist parties or coalitions won in each of the republics. In Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and to some extent in Macedonia, nationalists asserted anticommunism in order to bolster their appeal and their legitimacy internationally, while the new Socialist Party of Serbia (nee the League of Communists of Serbia) and the League of Communists in Montenegro effected Ceausescu-like transformations by turning nominally socialist parties into openly nationalist ones.


Objective To construct nucleic acid vaccine encoding Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) hpaA gene. Methods The genomic DNA of the standard H. pylori strain 17874 was isolated. hpaA gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pUCmT vector. The sequence of the amplified hpaA gene was assayed, and then cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pIRES through a series of enzyme digestion and ligation reactions. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into competent Escherichia coli cells DH5α, and the positive clones were screened by PCR reaction and restriction enzyme digestion . Recombinant pIRES hpaA was transfected into COS 7 cells using Lipofectamine TM 2000, and the immunogenicity of expressed HpaA protein was detected with SDS PAGE and Western blot. Results The 750 base pair hpaA gene fragment was amplified from the genomic DNA and was consistant with the sequence of the H. pylori hpaA by sequence analysis. PCR and restriction enzyme digestion results revealed that the H. pylori hpaA gene was inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pIRES, suggesting the nucleic acid vaccine pIRES hpaA was successfully constructed. The specific protein strip of HpaA expressed by pIRES hpaA was detected with Western blot. Conclusion The nucleic acid vaccine pIRES hpaA was successfully constructed which may help the further investigation towards the immune action of the nucleic acid vaccine.


A considerable research has been carried out in the field of Cross-Flow Induced Vibrations (CFIV) in tube bundles of process exchangers and nuclear steam generators. Various excitation mechanisms such as vortex shedding, turbulent buffeting, fluid-elastic instability and acoustic resonance and other parameters like natural frequencies, damping, wear work rates at the loose tube supports and various geometric tube arrangements have been the focus in single and two-phase cross-flow. In the current research work, CFIV has been studied by using Bondgraph approach. The Bondgraph models have been subjected to simulation using the software (20-SIM). Results obtained have shown a strong usefulness of Bondgraph approach to complex CFIV systems.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


Bacteria-based mineralization is a new technique to use the steel slag. In this article, an experimental examination was performed to find out the steel slag advancement by the addition of the microbial agent that has the possibility to accelerate mineralization ability of bacteria. It is observed that, under natural and CO2 pressure curing conditions, the carbonation rate is significantly raised when microorganisms are added to the steel slag. The increased ratio of microorganisms leads to a better carbonation rate. The reaction products formed by bacteria mineralization were analyzed with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the amount of reaction products was examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the compressive strength and carbonation speed rose with the increase in microorganism content. Bacterial could accelerate the rate of carbon sequestration in the mineralization process. The compressive strength of steel slag with 1.5% bacterial could reach up to 51.5 MPa. The micron-sized and roughness mineralization product induced by microorganisms apparently resulted in a denser and compacted structure. The carbon depth increased by 50%, and the content of calcite increased by 3 times. These mineralization products would fill in the pore of steel slag cementitious materials and form the integrated and denser structure which produces more strength.


Objective:To assess effects of an herbal compound FeiliupingⅡon the CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49)expression for patients with non-small cell lung cancer together with relationship of CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49) expression with lymph node metastasis.Methods:60 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were randomized 1:1 to be treated with chemotherapy alone or combination of chemotherapy with Feiliup- ingⅡ(20 gram,tid,po)for 3 months.Additional 10 healthy persons were used as healthy control.The levels of plasma CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49)before and after treatment were measured by flow cytometer(Cell Sor- ting System),and the status of lymph node metastasis patients experienced was assessed.Twenty patients (10 from each group),who were treated with both regimens,were compared with the 10 healthy persons after the treatment.Results:The levels of plasma CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49)of Feiliuping-added patients were no- tably decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05).No statistical difference for patients treated with chemotherapy a- lone was found in the levels of plasma CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49)before and after the treatment(P>0.05).The plasma CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49)levels in patients with positive lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than in patients with negative lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).Conclusion:FeiliupingⅡworks as an anti-tumor agent by inhibiting expressions of CD_(44)v6 and CD_(49)in patients with cancers.


To determine the immobilization of Cd by soil organisms, varying levels of Cd as CdCl/sub 2/ or Cd(NO/sub 3/0/sup 2/ were added to sterile and nonsterile soils. It was found that only about 10% of the added Cd was immobilized by soil microorganisms. Nitrate utilization by organisms in Cd amended soils is not influenced by levels of Cd to 100 ..mu..g/g soil but seemed to be inhibited by Cd contents greater than 100 ..mu..g/g. In soil systems the amount of Cd incorporated appeared to be independent of both the initial Cd levels and a supplemental energy source. Studies of organisms isolated from Cd amended and unamended soils indicated tht each organism had its own characteristic tolerance level to added Cd. These tolerance levels ranged between 5 and 20 ..mu..g/ml. Only 10-15% of the isolates were capable of growth in the presence of 25 ..mu..g/ml of Cd. Organisms that had tolerance levels of 25..mu..g of Cd also had the ability to incorporate Cd into their microbial plasm. In addition, about 10% of the isolates, while not utilizing the added Cd, were stimulated in their growth by quantities of Cd ranging from 5 to 15 ..mu../ml of culture solution.


Target detection is the fundamental work for perceiving the behavior of cows using video analysis automatically. The videos captured in farming scenes often suffer from a complex background, which leads to difficulty in detecting the target and inconvenience in the subsequent images analysis. In this study, a method was proposed to detect the moving target accurately for cows based on background subtraction. Firstly, the bounding rectangle of cows was calculated using the frames difference method to extract the local background in frames, which were averaged and spliced into one image as the entire background image. Secondly, the size and location of a cow's body were determined by the bounding rectangle of cows, and the body area was tracked through the video by the binary images. Thirdly, the summation coefficients on RGB channels were adjusted to improve the contrast between the target and background images. Finally, taking the body area in every frame as reference area, the performance of target detection was evaluated by the reference area to determine the optimal summation coefficients on RGB channels, and then background subtraction was processed again to finish the detection. A total of 129 videos were used to test the detection algorithm, and the accuracy of the algorithm was 88.34%, which was 24.85% higher than the classical background subtraction method. The study shows that the algorithm proposed in this study is feasible to detect the target accurately and timely when cows are walking straight in the farming environment under natural light, and this method can improve the detection performance and is an extension to the classical background subtraction method.

DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20150801.006

Citation: Zhao K X, He D J. Target detection method for moving cows based on background subtraction. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2015; 8(1): 42-49.


Thirteen out of 379 fourth stage lobster larvae reared at St. Andrews were definitely intermediate in form, in length of fourth stage period, and in habit, between the recognized third and fourth stages. They occur usually under unfavourable rearing conditions. The fifth stage produced by moulting of the intermediate fourth stage is intermediate in metamorphosis between normal fourth and fifth stages.


an overview of land use on the significance of three-dimensional modeling and its applications.Through the existingtopography data,three-dimensional modeling of the land,can have a multiplier effect,improving the efficiency of professional and technical staff.By digital,visual analysis of the data is valid,you can quickly and accurately the basis of obtaining the requiredinformation,the rational planning of land areas to provide an effective means.


Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) algorithm is a very competitive swarm intelligence algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems.Because it is easy to fall into local optimum solution,and the convergence and accuracy of Pareto set are not satisfactory,so the paper proposed a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm of multi-swarm co-evolution based on decomposition(MOPSO_MC).In the proposed algorithm,each sub-swarm corresponded to a sub-problem decomposed by multi-objective decomposition method,and the authors constructed a new update strategy for the velocity.Each particle followed its own previous best position,sub-swarm best position and sub-swarm neighborhood best position,which resulted in enhancing the ability of local searching and getting evolutionary information from the neighborhood sub-swarm.Finally,the simulation results verify the convergence of the proposed algorithm,and the uniformity and correctness of the solution distribution with comparison of the state-of-the-art multi-objective particle swarm algorithm on ZDT test function.


This paper studies the resource-constrained project scheduling problem with fuzzy processing time and fuzzy due date.the objective is to maximize the scheduling robustness.Fuzzy processing time and fuzzy due date are denoted by six-point fuzzy numbers.We introduce two weak comparison methods for fuzzy numbers,i.e.integral value method and distance method.A Genetic Algorithm with activity list representation is proposed for solving this problem.The computational experiment shows that the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than the existing correlation algorithm,and there is no difference between the two weak comparison methods on the performance of the algorithm.


Position control of motors is widely used in many aspects of life, including commercial, household, and industrial settings. More than seventy percent of electrical demand is projected to be motor load. The motors in this vast part are utilized for a variety of functions, pulling loads, spinning equipment, and trajectory tracking are only a few examples. Inkjet printing head a printer employs position control, lift motors use position control, and Spot motors are used in 3D printers, Machinery, and even more complex robotic surgical tools. for interfacing with the world. Controlling the position is commonly referred to as a movement having a movement encoder, other than a resistant bit stream, which also supplies linear motion with processor, controller which modulates energy given to the rotor leveraging a controlled circuit, such as a Direct Current regulated. This paper proposes a unique high gain enhanced DC/DC Boost converters. The provided topology's boosting performance is enhanced as opposed to normal topologies. Thyristors, diodes, and power applications are subjected to less voltage stress. The suggested exchanger incorporates an electromagnetic flipping network that allows for the use of smaller inductors. The postulated converter's solid working is carefully examined. Finally, the simulations and laboratory trial findings have both confirmed the practicality of the suggested topology


The background to the Mental Health (Patients in the Community) Act, 1995 is reviewed briefly. Some problems concerning the Act's provisions for'supervised discharge' are then discussed. Some more general extrapolations follow concerning the problems of legislating for social and personal'ills'.


Mast cells, depending on the microenvironment, can promote or suppress tumor progression. Chemokine-mediated recruitment of mast cells was an essential prerequisite for the initiation of LTB4/BLT1-regulated CD8+ T-cell homing and generation of antitumor immunity against intestinal tumors. The presence of mast cells in some human colorectal cancers is a positive prognostic factor, but the basis for this association is incompletely understood. Here, we found that mice with a heterozygous mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene (ApcMin/+) displayed reduced intestinal tumor burdens and increased survival in a chemokine decoy receptor, ACKR2-null background, which led to discovery of a critical role for mast cells in tumor defense. ACKR2–/–ApcMin/+ tumors showed increased infiltration of mast cells, their survival advantage was lost in mast cell–deficient ACKR2–/–SA–/–ApcMin/+ mice as the tumors grew rapidly, and adoptive transfer of mast cells restored control of tumor growth. Mast cells from ACKR2–/– mice showed elevated CCR2 and CCR5 expression and were also efficient in antigen presentation and activation of CD8+ T cells. Mast cell–derived leukotriene B4 (LTB4) was found to be required for CD8+ T lymphocyte recruitment, as mice lacking the LTB4 receptor (ACKR2–/–BLT1–/–ApcMin/+) were highly susceptible to intestinal tumor-induced mortality. Taken together, these data demonstrate that chemokine-mediated recruitment of mast cells is essential for initiating LTB4/BLT1-regulated CD8+ T-cell homing and generation of effective antitumor immunity against intestinal tumors. We speculate that the pathway reported here underlies the positive prognostic significance of mast cells in selected human tumors. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(3); 332–47. ©2018 AACR.


Human-induced environmental degradation now threatens the ecosystems and the natural resource base in many of the world's dryland areas and more than 900 million people in 100 countries are affected, to a greater or lesser degree. Whether or not degradation will prove catastrophic in the future depends upon the willingness and ability of countries to adopt environmentally sustainable development practices that can help end the vicious cycle of poverty, population growth, and resource degradation characteristic of so many dryland areas. This publication provides an overview of key strategies to meet that challenge. It gives examples of good practices in land management in dryland areas without being prescriptive. Projects and programs are more likely to succeed if they are designed in a flexibly yet integrated fashion and include the following elements: they 1) strengthen information and monitoring systems, especially to improve drought preparedness; 2) develop integrated programs and policies based upon an ecosystem approach to dryland resource management that adequately balance conservation and production objectives; 3) improve dryland resource management through environmentally sustainable practice; 4) develop programs to eradicate poverty and promote alternative livelihood systems; 5) support indigenous technologies and local participation; and 6) support population control.


AbstractThis paper present a device that combined the principles of ultrasonic human echolocation and animal echolocation .This device is helpful for blind and visually impaired people. Some animals such as (bats and dolphin) sense by active echolocation, in which emitted acoustic pulses and their reflection are used to sample the environment .Bats and dolphin are highly informative compared to humans. Active echolocation is also used by some blind humans, who use signals such as tongue clicks cane taps as mobility aids. The device consists of a headset with an ultrasonic emitter and stereo microphones affixed with artificial pinnae. Methods-: The echoes of ultrasonic pulses are recorded and time-stretched to lower their frequencies into the human auditory range before being played back to the user. ResultsSimple words were able to lateral depth and distance judgments. This device is working as record the echoes. Conclusion-: This device is suggests can be used effectively for environment and human auditory system. Many humans is suffer for blindness (cardiac patient) and night visions this devices uses in this people.


Subsurface geology in the coastal area of the Syuso and Saijyo Plains, Ehime Prefecture, southwest Japan, is divided stratigraphically into the Pleistocene Syuso and Holocene yugawa Formations. Additionally, the Nyugawa Formation is subdivided into the lower, middle and upper parts in a cending order. Two volcanic ashes, Saijyo Minato 1 and Saijyo Minato 2 Volcanic Ashes are intercalated in the upper part of the Syuso Formation and in the middle part of the Nyugawa Formation and correlated with Aira-Tn and Kikai-Akahoya Volcanic A hes, re pectively. From the tephrostratigraphy and lithological characteristics of the two formations, the upper part of the Syuso Formation would have been deposited continuously until around 26ka ~ 29ka at river channels or on flood plains. The Nyugawa Formation has formed in the last 7300 years mostly as deltaic sediments. Key-words: Pleistocene Syuso Formation, Holocene Nyugawa Formation, Syuso and Saijyo Plains, volcanic ash, drilling-core


Most video frame interpolation (VFI) algorithms infer the intermediate frame with the help of adjacent frames through the cascaded motion estimation and content refinement.However, the intrinsic correlations between motion and content are barely investigated, commonly producing interpolated results with inconsistency and blurry contents.Specifically, we first discover a simple yet essential domain knowledge that contents and motions characteristics should be homogeneous to a certain degree from the same objects, and formulate the consistency into the loss function for model optimization. Based on this, we propose to learn the collaborative representation between motions and contents, and construct a novel progressive spatial-temporal Collaborative network (Prost-Net) for video frame interpolation.Specifically, we develop a content-guided motion module (CGMM) and a motion-guided content module (MGCM) for individual content and motion representation. In particular, the predicted motion in CGMM is used to guide the fusion and distillation of contents for intermediate frame interpolation, and vice versa. Furthermore, by considering collaborative strategy in a multi-scale framework, our Prost-Net progressively optimizes motions and contents in a coarse-to-fine manner, making it robust to various challenging scenarios (occlusion and large motions) in VFI. Extensive experiments on the benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.


We present a novel reading of "The Painter of Birds" by Lidia Jorge, in which it is highlighted the role of the narrative as an act of resistance to forgetfulness and family silence. It is a narrative that mobilizes memories to consolidate an identity from the reframing of the past. For that, the identity is approached as an eminently discursive process attached to the memory, as it finds in the past one of its main constitutive sources. The means to appease the conflicts of the past are writing, narrating, because it is the anguish of knowing her identity as a daughter and the impossibility of bearing it that drives the protagonist narrator to revolve the past. Narrating a clandestine past, from which she was banned trough the familiar discourse, it is forged as an act of resistance.


A mega-frame structure, the Tian Wang Center Tower in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, is analyzed by elastoplastic seismic time-history analysis under major earthquake. Two substructures are adopted. The simplified four broken-line skeletons of story shear to drift are found from the push-over analysis. Also the distributions of hinges are obtained. It is shown that the behavior of the structure accords with the seismic principle of strong-column-weak-beam. Four seismic waves acts on the two substructures, which are connected by rigid floors. Elastoplastic time-history analysis shows that the behavior of the structure is satisfactory and it would not collapse under major earthquake.


Professor Kipnis' basic proposition is that we rely "upon the work that engineers have done, entrusting our lives to the products of their special skills." Hence, the engineers must be alerted to such responsibilities as may be "created by the public's reliance." Put simply: To rely on another is to impose responsibility on another. The law speaks in terms of "A" changing position or acting in some way in reliance upon representation by "B". If "A" is induced to act to his or her detriment, in whole or part by such representation, "B" may be liable for any resulting injury to person or property. To continue the analogy, the questions that arise are many. What rights and duties, if any, run between "A" and "B"? Has some event intervened to change this relationship? Is "B's" obligation or duty modified as a result? It is crucial to identify the "link" between "A" and "B". What is the link between professional ("special") skills and identifying the engineer with a product, or its user? We have little trouble making the connection between patient, appendix and physician; or, client, trust agreement, and lawyer. The reason is apparent, I think. There are few, if any, intervening events or causes that may modify the intended result. The concept of "strict liability" as it has evolved in the area of product use?cars, packaged goods and the like?by the public-at-large, can be said to reflect the fact that the consumer-user really does not know who is responsible, for defects, dangers, or who he or she is dealing with. The recent disaster in a Kansas City hotel, any plane crash, malfunctioning word processing equipment, or "lemon" of a lawnmover span the range of public outrage and displeasure with engineers, manufacturers and the vendor/service link in the chain. Where is the "fault"?in the design, the manufacture, service, or operation by the user? The IEEE Code of Ethics requires that its members advise their clients or employers of the likely consequences of matters of which they have knowledge. The thrust is anticipatory in nature, not suggesting that their responsibility is to ascribe blame before or after the event prompting public outcries. Engineers, in my judgment, lack a specific identity that links them to the public and its perception of the magic of electronics, the miracles of construction, speed of


Keyword: Keyword : Fundamental factors, Systematic Risk, Stock Price Abstrack: ABSTRACT In making investment in capital markets, whether in stocks, bonds or otherwise, investors generally do a series of analysis about the investment that will do. In particular is an investment in shares of securities analysis is required to measure the value of shares. security analysis of the analysis are grouped into two fundamental analysis and technical analysis.In addition to fundamental analysis, investors should Noting the systematic risk in stock investment. This research was conducted to analyze the fundamental factors and systematic risk that influence stock prices, both together and partial to indusrti basic and chemistry.The sampling method using purpose sampling method. Of 61 basic industries and chemical companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, only 30 companies taken as a sample because it has a complete financial reports in 2006-2008. This study uses multiple regression analysis with SPSS program. Dependent Variable is the Share Price and Independent Variable is the ROE, ROI, BVS, PER, PBV, DER, the House and BETA


Agriculture and capital market,one is the basic industry of national economy,one is the top level of industry development,which seem to be far apart from the view of industrial chain.However,in the modern society,they have a close relationship.At present,some problems exist in the process of capital market in China promoting agriculture modernization,such as the paths where capital market plays a role are not wide,the channels through which agricultural enterprises develop capital market are narrow,the role micro guidance plays is not enough,rural factor market is not entire,and so on.Against these problems,China should accelerate multi-level capital market construction,strengthen the role of micro guidance in futures promoting agricultural modernization,vigorously develop capital market tools and increase agriculture developmental vitality.


.  This paper provides a minimalist analysis of the binominal each phenomenon. The analysis incorporates key ideas behind Safir and Stowell's (1988) seminal paper but avoids the complications that this approach entails. Our proposal provides one more empirical argument for movement into θ-position, sideward movement, the primacy of movement over binding in matters of construal, and the virtues of a very derivational view of syntax. It is also consistent with a framework that dispenses with LF movement entirely.


Immunohistological studies using a ferritin-labeled antibody demonstrated the presence of actin in spines of red nucleus neurons of adult cats. Microfilaments in spines were decorated with heavy meromyosin (HMM) binding with typical arrowheads, and reverted to their original form in the presence of Mg" and ATP. These results, obtained by different methods, suggest the existence of actin filaments in neuronal spines. Furthermore, HMM-decorated filaments were organized in a parallel inward direction in the spines. The existence of actin in spines and the possible contractility of spines are discussed based on the above results. Actin is a protein responsible for contractile and cytoskeletal function in non-muscle as well as muscle cells (13). The existence of actin has been demonstrated in various cell types in-cluding nerve cells (13). In neurons, actin has been purified from brain tissue (6) and considered to play an important role in axonal transport and cytoskeletal functions (6-8). brain function of dendritic spines far from clear.


In the present work, the magnetoelectric coupling coecient, from the temperature dependences of the dielectric permittivity for the multiferroic composite was determined. The research material was ferroelectric‐ferromagnetic composite on the based PZT and ferrite. We investigated the temperature dependences of the dielectric permittivity (") for the dierent frequency of measurement's field. From the dielectric measurements we determined the temperature of phase transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric phase. For the theoretical description of the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant, the Hamiltonian of Alcantara, Gehring and Janssen was used. To investigate the dielectric properties of the multiferroic composite this Hamiltonian was expressed under the mean‐field approximation. Based on dielectric measurements and theoretical considerations, the values of the magnetoelectric coupling coecient were specified.