Secondary α-D3 kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) have been calculated using ab initio HF and B3LYP methods with 6-31G and 6-31G* bases for four methyl transfer reactions of the general type R3N + CH3NR3+. Comparison of R = CH3 (B) with R = H (A) serves to investigate the effect of varying the nucleophile and nucleofuge by alkylation of the entering and leaving amine moieties. The changes in KIE, transition-structure (TS) looseness, and energy barrier do not accord with the generalization of Wolfe and co-workers (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 10147). Reactions C and D are intramolecular methyl transfers between the bridgeheads of inside-methylated [1.1.1]cryptand and 1,7-diazabicyclo[5.5.5]heptadecane, respectively, in which the N···N distances are significantly smaller than in B. Comparison of B with either C or D serves to investigate the effect of compression along the N−C−N axis. The energy barriers for C and D are markedly lower than for B, and, although their TS's are tighter than for B, their reactant c...


This study was conducted to identify the effectiveness of the Transjakarta Cares service program for persons with disabilities in DKI Jakarta to be able to determine the extent to which the Transjakarta Cares service program is able to provide the needs according to the wishes of persons with disabilities. In this study, the author uses the theory issued by Edy Sutrisno which measures the effectiveness of the program with five aspects, namely understanding the program, being on target, being on time, achieving goals, and real change. Then the researchers in this study used qualitative methods to be able to explain in detail the effectiveness of the Transjakarta Cares service program. According the results of the research that researchers have done, it can be seen that the Transjakarta Cares service program for persons with disabilities in DKI Jakarta has not been effective. This is reviewed through five aspects that are considered to have not been able to be fulfilled to the maximum. From the aspect of understanding the program, it can be assessed that not all parties have a good understanding of the Transjakarta Cares program, the timely aspect that has not been carried out according to the procedure, and the aspect of achieving the goals that have not been achieved. Because of this, the Transjakarta Cares service program is considered ineffective and requires program evaluation to be able to improve the service program provided to persons with disabilities. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi terkait dengan efektivitas dari program layanan Transjakarta Cares bagi penyandang disabilitas di DKI Jakarta untuk dapat mengetahui sejauh mana program layanan Transjakarta Cares mampu memberikan kebutuhan yang sesuai dengan keinginan dari penyandang disabilitas. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teori yang dikeluarkan oleh Edy Sutrisno yang mengukur efektivitas program dengan lima aspek yaitu pemahaman program, tepat sasaran, tepat waktu, tercapainya tujuan, dan perubahan nyata. Kemudian peneliti dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk dapat menjelaskan secara rinci terkait efektivitas dari program layanan Transjakarta Cares. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah peneliti lakukan dapat diketahui bahwasanya program layanan Transjakarta Cares bagi penyandang disabilitas di DKI Jakarta belum efektif. Hal ini ditinjau melalui lima aspek yang dinilai belum mampu terpenuhi dengan maksimal. Dari aspek pemahaman program yang dapat dinilai belum semua pihak memhami dengan baik program Transjakarta Cares, aspek tepat waktu yang belum sesuai prosedur, serta aspek tercapainya tujuan yang belum tercapai. Oleh karena ini hal ini membuat program layanan Transjakarta Cares dinilai belum efektif dan membutuhkan evaluasi program untuk dapat meningkatkan program layanan yang diberikan kepada penyandang disabilitas.


A fter years of watching and waiting many oncology practices are finally jumping on the electronic medical record (EMR) bandwagon, spurred on in part by the prospect of $36 billion in federal stimulus package incentives. Some are longtime holdouts, some are trying again after abandoning cumbersome systems that didn't work, and some are realizing that electronic record keeping is both inevitable and, in the long run, could provide benefits to patients and caregivers. The incentives, available as extra Medicare or Medicaid payments, will be available from 2011 through 2014 to practices that convert to EMR systems. Starting in 2015, practices not using EMRs will pay a penalty in reduced payments. "I would say that most practices have either implemented some components of an EMR or are evaluating systems and intending to by next year," said Nancy Payne, executive director of the Florida Institute of Research, Medicine, and Surgery, Orlando, Fla., and president of the Administrators in Oncology/Hematology Assembly. "My practice has been using some components of an EMR but will be fully on EMR by the end of this year." How many practices have already converted to EMRs is not clear, according to Peter Yu, M.D., director of cancer research at the Palo Alto Medical Foundation, but he estimated adoption to be less than 25%. A recent survey of National Hospital Association members found fewer than 2% of U.S. hospitals have a hospital-wide EMR system, a number "woefully short" of where it should be, Yu said. He attributed the low rate of adoption to inertia, up-front cost, and a lack of unbiased information to help practitioners choose a system. Yu chairs a workgroup on EMRs for the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), which is helping physician groups understand how moving to EMRs can advance patient care and practice effi ciency, as well as helping them choose a product from the many commercial vendors. The group is working with vendors to ensure that EMR products incorporate data elements that are critical for oncology. ASCO has organized a "lab" at its annual meeting that gives attendees a chance to examine commercial, oncology-specifi c products side by side with no sales pressure. "In the big picture of adoption, it was slow moving forward," said Carolyn Hartley, president of Physicians EHR Inc. and a contractor acting as a liaison between ASCO's workgroup and commercial vendors. "The jump start happened when President Obama announced the stimulus package, and the interest is just skyrocketing right now." She estimated that attendance at ASCO's 2009 lab was 500% higher than last year. The sudden jolt in EMR interest has vendors scrambling to keep up with demand, according to Hartley. Many practices are discovering that the lag between choosing a system and implementing it can take close to a year. Decisions about which system to adopt are now more complicated because stimulus money will be available only to practices that implement systems meeting "meaningful use" criteria, a term that the new federal Health IT Policy Committee has yet to defi ne. "We'll hear more about meaningful use [soon]," said John D. Halamka, M.D., vice chair of the Health IT Standards Committee, a complementary group that Congress has charged with developing standards for electronic exchange of health information. The policies and standards developed by these groups will determine in large part how the stimulus money is distributed. The standards that now govern whether a practice will be eligible for the stimulus incentives are vague, making it diffi cult to gauge whether any particular system is robust enough to qualify. Halamka, chief information offi cer of Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, said that his best advice for practices considering EMRs now is to "implement an EMR with e-prescribing, electronic lab ordering, and health information exchange of clinical summaries."


The existence of a canonical form for quadratic linearization of a linearly controllable system has been shown. However, if a linearly controllable system is amenable to quadratic linearization, it is not clear how to derive the transformation leading to quadratic linearization. Our approach to the derivation of necessary and sufficient conditions for quadratic linearization is constructive in nature in the sense that once the conditions are satisfied, the normalizing and input transformations are derived leading to quadratic linearization. We use state feedback to make the system eigenvalues non-resonant allowing the closed-form solution of the generalized homological equations which leads to the transformation solution. The proposed technique is illustrated with an example.


Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella in poultry poses a serious human health threat as it has zoonotic importance. Poultry is often linked with outbreaks of Salmonella-associated foodborne illness. Since antimicrobials are heavily used in poultry in Bangladesh, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella is quite frequently found there. MDR Salmonella is challenging to treat with antimicrobials and often causes a severe economic loss in the poultry sector. By horizontal gene transfer and/or evolutionary mutations, antimicrobials primarily exert selection pressure that contributes to antimicrobials resistance. In addition, resistance patterns can vary with variations in time and space. Without having prior knowledge of resistance patterns, no effective drugs could be prescribed. Therefore, it is crucial to have updated knowledge on the status of AMR in Salmonella in Bangladesh for effective treatment and management of the flocks against salmonellosis. There are several review articles on AMR in Salmonella in poultry in Bangladesh; they lack the whole scenario of the country and particularly do not have enough data on the poultry environment. Considering this scenario, in this review, we have focused on AMR in Salmonella in poultry in Bangladesh (2011–2021), with particular emphasis on data from the poultry and farm environments on a divisional zone basis.


The article is concerned with the theoretical and practical issues of resolving tax disputes with the help of such tools as tax mediation. The article is aimed at examining the essence of the institute of tax mediation as an effective tools for pre-trial resolution of tax disputes, taking into account the experience of foreign countries. Statistics on the consideration of tax disputes in administrative order are provided. Approaches to interpretation of the essence of tax mediation in scientific papers are studied. The authors' own definition of tax mediation is presented, by which is meant the method of resolving tax disputes between tax authorities and taxpayers, based on the principles of presumption of the legitimacy of decisions and the integrity of the taxpayer, allowing to resolve tax disputes at the stage of pre-trial proceedings with the participation of a mediator. The purpose, objectives, principles of tax mediation are provided. The effects of tax mediation, causing influence on both tax authorities and taxpayers, are determined. The positive and negative factors of tax mediation use are closer defined. The analysis of foreign experience in the implementation of the mediation mechanism for resolving tax disputes is carried out. Also the subject composition of the tax mediation process is closer defined. The principles of mediators' activity: voluntariness, neutrality and confidentiality are analyzed. The experience of foreign countries, namely: the Netherlands, the USA, Germany, Great Britain, Belgium, Canada on the implementation and implementation of tax mediation is characterized. The analysis of the experience of foreign countries shows that legal practice of taxation has an extremely rich instrumentarium for alternative settlement of tax disputes Proposals for the regulation of the tax mediation mechanism at the legislative level are developed.


The [HNO 3 ]/[NO x ] ratio is generally overestimated by a factor of 5-10 in photochemical models in comparison to tropospheric measurements. In this study, the heterogeneous reduction of HNO 3 into NO on carbonaceous aerosols [Lary et al., 1996] has been introduced in a photochemical box-model on the basis of black carbon mass densities measured during MLOPEX 2. This recycling to NO x decreases the [HNO 3 ]/[NO x ] ratio close to observed values. The concomitant increase in modeled NO x concentration is also in better agreement with the observations, and has substantial implications for the ozone budget in the remote atmosphere. Large uncertainties in the estimate of black carbon surface area and of accomodation coefficients preclude definitive conclusions until more detailed measurements are carried out.


The allelopathy actions of Cephalotaxus sinensis against wheat seedlings were studied in this paper.The results showed the breath inhibition of water extract from C.sinensis against the germinating wheat seeds was weak,but it was much stronger after the seeds germinated.The extract negatively affected the regular karyokinesis taking place in the meristem tissue of wheat root tips,and the number of dividing cells in the meristem tissue of wheat root tips decreased as the concentration of the extraction solution increased.Effects of the extract on the vigor of wheat roots and the content of chlorophyll were relatively weak.The extract increased the content of soluble proteins in the roots and stems of the wheat seedling,but decreased the content of nucleic acid in the stems of wheat seedling.The extract increased the activity of POD in wheat seedlings,but decreased the activity of α-amylase and total amylase in wheat seedlings.


The dormancy status of S. faberi seed at abscission was assessed with reference to tiller and panicle development. Seed from a single genetic line were grown under field, greenhouse and controlled environment growth chamber conditions. At abscission, a small fraction (<10%) of S. faberi seed germinated under favorable conditions. Seed were dissected and germination of caryopses and embryos also tested. Removal of seed structures exterior to the embryo increased percentage germination. As the seed rain progressed mean percentage germination and variation among samples increased. Changes in germination were correlated with tiller development and relative time of seed maturity within a panicle. Seed produced on tillers that developed earlier were more likely to be dormant than seed from later-developing tillers. Seed that matured later on a panicle were more likely to germinate than seed that matured earlier on the same panicle. A consistent trend toward later maturing seed having less dormancy was found for seed grown under different environments which implies an inherent or parental source for variation in giant foxtail seed dormancy. The variation in percentage germination at abscission and following stratification treatments indicates that the S. faberi seed rain consists of individual seeds, possibly each with a different degree of dormancy.


We measured the electrical resistivity, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, high-field magnetization, thermal expansion and magnetostriction of an antiferromagnet Ce 3 Sn 7 with the orthorhombic crystal structure. The experimental data are found to be well explained on the basis of the crystalline electric field (CEF) 4 f -scheme previously proposed by Bonnet et al. in which the two Ce atoms at the 2(a) site possess a magnetic moment of 0.36 µ B /Ce and the one Ce atom at the 4(i) site possesses no magnetic moment as in a valence fluctuating compound CeSn 3 . We also constructed the antiferromagnetic phase diagram for the three principal directions. Furthermore, we carried out the de Haas–van Alphen experiment. Fermi surfaces are many in number but extremely small in volumes, indicating that Ce 3 Sn 7 is a semimetal.


Purpose
This paper aims to explore Indian consumer behaviour towards tourism and identifies their preferences when planning leisure trips.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a literature review, a questionnaire was designed giving more focus on pleasure or leisure trips. After that data were collected using an online survey method, and this yielded 165 responses that were analysed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Findings
The findings reveal that among Indian tourists, highland locations are the most preferred location for a leisure trip. While selecting a tourist location and planning a leisure trip, Indian consumers look for security and safety followed by the available amenities, budget and weather conditions. Family and friends' suggestions and the various activities available at the destination also have a moderate impact on the consumer's choices.

Research limitations/implications
The article contributes to emerging research on the Indian tourism industry and consumer behaviour in tourism.

Practical implications
Research can help tourism companies and agencies to design innovative solutions to increase as well as maintain their customer base.

Originality/value
This article adds some value to the current literature specifically related to leisure tourism. The factors identified that impact on consumer decisions (including demographic factors) can be further investigated to provide innovative solutions.


With the reduction of traction available at the surface in icy conditions, the dynamics of the vehicle becomes more unpredictable as the system can becomes unstable. In order to design an appropriate safety system, the tire-ice interaction must be closely investigated. This paper aims at enhancing the understanding of the tire-ice contact interaction at the contact patch through experimental studies for a pneumatic tire traversing over solid ice. A design of experiment has been formulated that gives insight into the effect of operational parameters, specifically: wheel slip, toe angle, camber angle, normal load, inflation pressure, ice surface temperature, and traction performance. The temperature distribution in the contact patch has been recorded using a novel method based on thermocouples embedded in the tire tread. Furthermore, the experimental results obtained provide appropriate validation data required for the Tire-Ice contact Model (TIM) previously developed at Virginia Tech. The TIM is validated for two parameters, namely temperature rise in the contact patch and the friction level generated at the tire-ice interface. Temperature rise from simulations are validated against temperature distribution measurements at the contact patch under various operating conditions using K-Type thermocouples. The drawbar pull was measured at different conditions of normal load, inflation pressure, and ice temperatures as well as various steering configurations. As shown by both, the simulations from the TIM and the test data, a rise in temperature was observed from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the contact patch. The rise in temperature can be quantified with respect to the load on the tire. As the wheel load increases, the difference in temperature rise increases, as also reflected in the experimental study.


Abstract It was confirmed from experiments of the Hall effect that the non-linear conductivity of NbSe3 results from depinning of CDW's. The non-linear conductivity was also observed in the monoclinic phase of TaS3. The field dependence of the conductivity was very similar to that observed in the CDW state of NbSe3.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject substance having sufficient electrical conductivity, and useful for e.g. electric generators with wedged in-groove-fixed members contained therein, having a composition based on a polymer and a filler embedded therein. SOLUTION: This synthetic substance has a composition based on (A) a polymer (pref. thermoplastic material) and (B) a filler, a semiconductive substance doped with other element(s), embedded in the component A. The content of the component B in this substance is selected so as not to change at all the electrical conductivity of this substance even in case the content is raised, pref. so as to exceed 30vol.%. The semiconductive substance in the component B is pref. a ceramic material, esp, based on BaTiO 3 , Si, CdS, SiC, SnO 2 , SrTiO 3 , TiO 2 , Y 1 Ba 2 , Cu 3 O 7-x and/or ZnO. The dopant is pref. a metal such as Al, Cr or In, its content being pref. 1wt.% based on the maximum weight of the ceramic material. COPYRIGHT: (C)1997,JPO


Based on Vygotsky's zone of proximal development and Feuerstein's theory of mediation, the paper discusses teacher as a mediator has played a central role in English classrooms. English learners only have to reflect on their own learning experiences in school to realize that teachers can affect learning in a range of ways that go far beyond the transmission of knowledge.


[Objective] The aim was to screen the high efficient protease for hydrolyzing conglycinin.[Method] Several common proteases were selected for hydrolyzing conglycinin.With the hydrolysis degree as index,the suitable protease for hydrolyzing conglycinin was screened out and the hydrolysis process was optimized preliminarily.[Result] Under the same hydrolysis condition,the hydrolysis ability of flavourzyme on conglycinin was stronger relatively and its hydrolysis rate reached 22%.So the flavourzyme was selected as the tool enzyme for hydrolyzing conglycinin.The optimum condition of hydrolyzing conglycinin with flavourzyme was ascertained through single factor experiment and the orthogonal test,which was as follows: the pH value at 7,temperature at 50 ℃,substrate concn.at 14%,enzyme-substrate concn.ratio at 6% and hydrolysis for 8 h.[Conclusion] The research provided theoretical and experimental basis for developing and applying conglycinin.


Symphurus atramentatus is described from larval to juvenile stages based on 30 specimens from the Gulf of California. Eleven larvae (preflexion, flexion, and postflexion) and three juveniles were cleared and stained to obtain the number of proximal dorsal-fin pterygiophores in each of the anterior first five interneural spaces and the number of hypural elements. Meristic features were nine precaudal vertebrae, 49–51 total vertebrae, 91–97 dorsal rays, 75–79 anal rays, 12 caudal rays, and four hypural elements. All specimens had a 1-3-3-2-2 ID pattern. The combination of these characterstics confirm that the specimens belong to Symphurus atramentatus. Pigmentation pattern of S. atramentatus from preflexion to postflexion stage consists of one dashed line of pigments on the base of the anal fin pterigiophores. In posflexion larvae, a dashed line of pigments appears on the base of the anal rays, on the dorsal margin of the body, on the lateral midline of the body, in the base of the first 15 dorsal rays, and on the base of the last 25 dorsal rays. In preflexion larvae, the ventral margin of the intestine had three or four blotches, which coalesce to form a continuous dotted line in postflexion larvae. Five elongated dorsal fin rays are present from preflexion to postflexion stages, which in the juvenile stage had a similar size with the rest of the adjacent rays.


Abstract The morphology of chromophore rich nanometer scale domains in binary homopolymer blends is studied, both in bulk systems and in ultra thin films. For each situation, a different experimental technique is applied. Electronic excitation transport (EET) studies are used to characterize the formation of amorphous nanodomains in the bulk, while transmission electron micrsocsopy (TEM) is used to observe nanocrystaline domains in ultra thin films.


Merging medical universities with comprehensive universities has become an important aspect of colleges'and universities'reform in China.However,after merging with a comprehensive university,some problems have happened: decreased management efficiency as a result of over-hierarchical administration,neglect of own features of medical faculties,as well as less than expected cooperation of medical and nonmedical subjects and so on.In this context,from the perspective of an independent medical university,a theoretical and practical model for developing multidisciplinary faculty was formulated and implemented in an academic medical university,including background analysis,feasibility,developing principles,integrating strategies,in the hope of providing some implications for other independent medical schools.


In this paper, we propose a new binaural beamforming technique, which can be seen as a relaxation of the linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) framework. The proposed method can achieve simultaneous noise reduction and exact binaural cue preservation of the target source, similar to the binaural minimum variance distortionless response (BMVDR) method. However, unlike BMVDR, the proposed method is also able to preserve the binaural cues of multiple interferers to a certain predefined accuracy. Specifically, it is able to control the trade-off between noise reduction and binaural cue preservation of the interferers by using a separate trade-off parameter per-interferer. Moreover, we provide a robust way of selecting these trade-off parameters in such a way that the preservation accuracy for the binaural cues of the interferers is always better than the corresponding ones of the BMVDR. The relaxation of the constraints in the proposed method achieves approximate binaural cue preservation of more interferers than other previously presented LCMV-based binaural beamforming methods that use strict equality constraints.


The photochemical properties of the DNA duplex (dA)(20)·(dT)(20) are compared with those of the parent single strands. It is shown that base pairing increases the probability of absorbing UVA photons, probably due to the formation of charge-transfer states. UVA excitation induces fluorescence peaking at ∼420 nm and decaying on the nanosecond time scale. The fluorescence quantum yield, the fluorescence lifetime, and the quantum yield for cyclobutane dimer formation increase upon base pairing. Such behavior contrasts with that of the UVC-induced processes.


The principal objective of this study was determination of the response of a laboratory-scale vapor-phase flow-direction-switching biofilter to loading changes associated with normal operations such as lunch breaks, overnight shutdowns, and single-shift operation of commercial and industrial facilities. Three regular transient loading cases were considered: (a) variable flow-reversal interval lenghts, (b) variable feed-on/off interval lengths, and (c) variable inlet concentration during a repeating feed-on/off cycle. Toluene was used as the model contaminant compound. The most significant findings of the study were: (1) Relative to unidirectional mode of operation, periodic flow reversal produced a more uniform distribution of reaction capacity along the length of the packed bed; (2) a 12 h flow reversal interval was sufficiently short to maintain the toluene-degrading microbial community in a near-fully active state throughout the unit whereas a 2 day flow reversal interval resulted in diminished removal rates in the first half of the bed and (3) Increasing off-period length resulted in greater penetration of contaminant into the bed and more uniform removal rates along the length of the bed. Information developed in this study should provide a more complete basis for establishing operating protocols and monitoring regulations for vapor-phase biofiltration systems.


This work is focused on the development of new kind of energy harvesters that could be used in various applications including industrial, aerospace, or customer markets. The main aspect to consider is transformation of different sources of energy (that in normal conditions is wasted such as temperature, vibration, shock, etc.) into the usable electric power. The goal was to prepare wireless subsystem based on energy-harvesting technology which will aid different areas. The energy-harvesting devices are shown as small harvesting devices with power output from 10 mW up to 5 W. Proposed solutions might be used in applications such as low-power microprocessor systems, ultrasonic continuous power supply for low-power wireless network systems, and multi-node harvester systems that allow to collect more electrical power for critical structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. The main purpose was to obtain from harvesters the sufficient values for supplying the chosen 32-bit microcontroller systems. Additionally possible application in mechanic for the other than magneto-based solid harvesters is described.


According to Dannefer, context, broadly defined,1 'refers to the totality of the diverse range of phenomena, events and forces that exist outside the developing individual' (1992: 84). The assumption that ageing occurs in context has meanwhile become, implicitly or explicitly, a core feature of models of ageing in biology, as well as those in the social and behavioural sciences. How such context is defined more concretely and what kind of impact is attributed to context strongly depends on the meta-theoretical perspective on ageing behind each of these disciplinary approaches. First, in current biogerontological theories, ageing is primarily viewed as an internal process of decline related to the flow of chronological age, ending in the event of death (Cristofalo et al., 1999). Environmental conditions are, however, expected to shape the survival time of ageing organisms, because it is generally acknowledged in models of longevity that genetic factors explain less than 30 per cent of variability in survival time in humans and in many other species (Vaupel et al., 2003). The understanding of context in biological models of ageing tends nevertheless to remain rather general, mostly referring to external physical properties such as temperature, kind and quantity of food, or environmental stress. Secondly, the social and behavioural sciences have put major emphasis on the operation of historical, cultural, and societal contexts, and how these shape ageing processes. As has been convincingly argued, historical events along with societal expectations and norms play a critical role in the sequencing of the life course2 from its very beginning to its very end (Baars et al., 2006; Dannefer, 1992; Elder, 1974). Hence, sociologists often focus on characteristics such as social class, cohort, and community-level variables to address the impact of contexts on older adults both today and in the future (e.g., see Phillipson, 2007). Psychological models of human ageing have also argued that the contextual component of lifespan and adult life development is critical to understanding development and ageing (Baltes et al., 1980, 1998). As compared to social science perspectives, the emphasis is more on micro rather than macro levels of person–environment (p–e) interfaces. That is, a fundamental psychological challenge for ageing individuals is continuously to adjust their relationship with the environment that they inhabit. Such adjustments may be required, for example, by loss in functional capacity (implying the need to relocate to a barrier-free environment), or by major life events related to ageing, such as the experience of retirement (occasioning, for instance, changes in the use of everyday living space at home with a partner). Accordingly, a major research task of psychological gerontology is to describe and explain stability and change of p–e dynamics as people age. An additional approach to defining context, which has evolved within gerontology, places major emphasis on the physical environmental sphere. Social gerontology has always acknowledged the critical role of physical surroundings on older people. This was illustrated by the detailed treatment of the role of housing for older people in one of the first handbooks in the field, edited by Tibbitts (1960). Alongside the evolution of social gerontology, a subdiscipline emerged with strong nurturance from Kleemeier's work (1959), which has been called 'environmental gerontology' (other terms include 'the ecology of ageing'). This research arena, founded on the basic principle that


Welding is an important manufacturing process that can be automated and optimized. In this paper we discuss the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) control and modeling problem. For modeling the process recently developed highly nonlinear fifth order mathematical model is used, for controlling the GMAW process we use a new Mixed Fuzzy Control (MFC) structure. In this work first a Traditional Fuzzy Controller (TFC) is designed from the viewpoint of a Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) system for controlling each state of GMAW process. Then, an appropriate coupling fuzzy controller is also designed according to the characteristics of gas metal arc welding process and incorporated into a TFC. We then show by simulation that this control strategy can not only improve the tracking performance of the controller, but also can deal with model uncertainty and disturbances.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


It is generally assumed that quantum field theory (QFT) is gauge invariant. However it is well known that non-gauge invariant terms appear in various calculations. This problem was recently examined in [9] for a "simple" field theory and it was shown that for this case QFT in the Schroedinger picture is not, in fact, gauge invariant. In order to shed further light on this problem we will examine the Heisenberg and Schroedinger formulations of QFT. It is generally assumed that these two "pictures" are equivalent; however we will show that this is not necessarily the case. We shall consider a simple field theory consisting of a quantized fermion field in the presence of a classical electromagnetic field. We will show that, although the two pictures are formally equivalent, the Heisenberg picture is gauge invariant but that the Schroedinger picture is not. This suggests that the proper way to formulate QFT is to use the Heisenberg picture.


Epitaxy of thick (typically a few microns) high-T{sub c} superconducting (HTS) films with on metal substrates is desired for coated conductor applications. Despite the 'typical' degradation of the critical current (J{sub c}) at large film thickness on single crystal oxide substrates, thick film coated conductors suffer more significant J{sub c} loss at comparable thickness. This motivated us to investigate effects of in-plane and out-of-plane misorientations on the thickness dependence (bottom up) and depth dependence (top down) of J{sub c}s. Bicrystals with pre-defined grain boundary angles are employed for controlling the in-plane misorientation, and miscut substrates with different miscut angles for controlling the out-of-plane misorientation. Several different types of HTS thick films including YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} (YBCO), Tl{sub 2}Ba{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub 7+{delta}} (Tl-2212), HgBa{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub 6+{delta}} (Hg-1212) will be investigated. By comparing materials with different anisotropy that may affect the thickness dependence of J{sub c}s, we intend to pinpoint the dominant mechanisms that are responsible for the degradation of the J{sub c} in HTS thick film coated conductors.


This paper presents an auction procedure which is of particular interest when short execution times are of importance. It is based on a method for approximating the bidders' preferences over two types of items when complementarity between the two may exist. In particular, linear approximations of the bidders' indifference curves are made. The resulting approximated preference relation is shown to be complete and transitive at any given price vector. It is shown that an approximated Walrasian equilibrium always exists if the approximated preferences of the bidders comply with the gross substitutes condition. Said condition also ensures that the set of approximated equilibrium prices forms a complete lattice. A process is proposed which is shown to always reach the smallest approximated Walrasian price vector.


This paper aims to present the field of the "non-analyza-ble" on Freud's elaboration. In order to do so, the function of this category is surveyed on diverse...


According to the requirements of load,speed,travel,precision,lifetime and other factors of designed equipment,considering all various functional factors and by the relevant check,this paper chooses the most suitable ball screw.


The Air Resources Board would bring to your attention a change in §2453(j) of the referenced regulations. Section 2453(j) allows owners of non-operational equipment to apply for registration. The regulation was drafted with the assumption that owners would have approximately 90 days in which to do that, and accordingly a date of July 1, 2005 was included in the regulation. With the delay in implementation, that date is no longer feasible. ARB has elected to have OAL insert the effective date of the regulation at various points in the regulation. ARB has revised §2453(j) by removing the July 1, 2005 date and replacing it with 90 days from the effective date. This modification does not materially alter any requirement in the regulation, but simply effects the ongoing intent to provide these operators with a window of opportunity to register any nonoperational equipment.


The anti-germ efficacy of Jiujibao was compared with Ciprofloxacin in 12-day-old artificially infected chicken。Through clinical observation,careass dissection and germ inspection,Results showed that the difference between testing medicine group and the infections comparing group is dramatic,that is to say,the testing medicine has a good treating effect on colibacillosis;the treating effect of Jiujibao high dose group. Mediate dose group is adjacent which of Ciprofloxacin to colibacillosis.


The motivation for this investigation originates from the difficulty in forecasting Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS) as noted by Gallus et al. (2004), and Jankov and Gallus (2004a and b). Given the difficulty in forecasting such events (ie. low summer QPF verification statistics), we look at one likely source for model errors: model generated initial conditions (ICs). We seek to identify a few cases where model error due to convection (from a 3 hour forecast) is present in the data assimilation first guess. The errors we identify have only partially been explored by Baldwin et al. (2002, hereafter B02). B02 noted that the Betts-Miller-Janic (BMJ) convective scheme left readily identifiable signatures in the vertical profiles of dew point and temperature due to deep and shallow convection. B04 further concluded that the lack of detail in vertical profiles (ie. removal of capping inversion, pseudomoist adibatic lapse rates, etc.) was a signature of the BMJ scheme. Active convection in the model first guess may not be removed by assimilating regular observations especially when the resolution of the model is coarser than that of observations. Thus the signatures of the convection may still be present. The signature left by the model convection will result in a convergent zone outside the convection while within the model convection a divergence signature will be present. This preconditioning (where the model ICs precondition the development of precipitation) is a result of the contamination. Simply reanalyzing observations back onto the ICs will not necessarily resolve the issue, especially at fine resolution. We speculate that only through reassimilating all the observations can there be any hope of removing or minimizing the contamination. What does this contamination look like? Can it be seen by scrutinizing the ICs? The contamination may not be readily identifiable simply by looking at model state variables. Perhaps dynamic variables, such as divergence, may be used to see the effect of convection. B02 showed that vertical profiles of temperature and dew point could be ascertained for the presence of previous or current convection.


Mathematical connection is one of the abilities that is the goal of learning mathematics. Mathematical connections occur between mathematics and mathematics itself or between mathematics outside mathematics and between mathematics and everyday life. With the ability to connect mathematics, in addition to understanding the benefits of mathematics, students are able to see that mathematical topics are interrelated. Mathematical Connections Ability is important but students who master mathematical concepts are not necessarily smart in connecting mathematics. The SAVI learning model involves activities and connections of the body and the five senses, so that the learning that is carried out gives an effective and efficient impact on classroom management to be better. Students' memories of the material learned are stronger because students build their own knowledge of mathematical concepts and are able to connect the knowledge formed. Keywords: Mathematics, SAVI, Learning, Students


This paper describes an advanced antenna test bed which will be used for mobile communications research. The test bed provides a common environment for testing advanced antennas and measurement data gathered in a realistic environment for evaluation of advanced antenna algorithms. The test bed was previously used to field test the five current personal communications services (PCS) technology standards in the United States. The test bed cells are described and a typical PCS field trail measurement is presented. A wideband measurement system developed for advanced antenna measurements is described. The system uses multiple mobile transmitters using maximal length pseudo random noise generators to modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier. This provides a wideband signal for characterization of the radio channel. Central to the measurement methodology is the capability to characterize radio wave propagation simultaneously on each antenna element of an antenna array. A multichannel receiver employs IF digitization and raw data storage to maximize post-processing capabilities. Its features allow a random sampling of the radio channel suitable for mobile communications research. The receiver also has the capability to continuously stream data that is suitable for modeling and simulation studies of specific communication systems.


Basic laws of thermodynamics and mechanics are used to analyse an air gun. Such devices are often employed in outdoor physics demonstrations to launch potatoes using compressed gas that is here assumed to expand reversibly and adiabatically. Reasonable agreement is found with reported muzzle speeds for such homebuilt cannons. The treatment is accessible to undergraduate students who have taken calculus-based introductory physics.


Objective: Neurologic injury is an important complication in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Our goal was to determine if, in children on ECMO, cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) is associated with neuroimaging abnormalities, neurologic outcomes and survival to hospital discharge. Methods: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based cerebral oximetry monitoring using bifrontal skin probes was done during ECMO based on Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU)-wide clinical protocols at a single institution. A significant drop in rSO2 was defined as: (1) any rSO2 < 50%, (2) a reduction ≥30% from baseline, or (3) a …


A document scanner mechanism, developed for use in a conventional copier having mirrors which scan a document and reflect the image onto a rotating photoconductor drum, is described in this paper. The engineering design and operation of the mechanism are presented, and the development of an analytical model for simulating its operational characteristics is described, together with the results and conclusions of the simulation. A novel means of generating the scan motion and the important design considerations leading to the development of the scanner mechanism are also presented.


Closed-form expressions are derived for the moments of the extended generalized Bessel K distribution introduced by Arnaut [IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 357-377, May 2003]


This paper presents a theoretical process model that explains how SD (supplier development) programs for new suppliers are implemented in emerging economies. SD, as a process that starts with exist...


As part of a longterm surveillance of the progestogen-only Norplant implant system, the metabolic functions in a representative Southeast Asian population of 100 Singaporean women were investigated. Prior research has identified the increased risk of arterial atherosclerosis complications and changes in serum lipids due to progestogens in contraceptives. Differences in liver function, lipid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism were recorded for this population of healthy, nonsmoking, nonalcohol drinking, and nonlactating women. Medical testing methods are identified and statistical differences are reported as the paired t test, and observation of % changes between pre- and postinsertion levels. Skewed results are subjected to the Wilcoxon signed rank test of significance suing median distribution. The resulting analyses found that the mean levels of bilirubin, total protein, and globulin remained within the normal clinical range, and no individual values fell outside the normal range. There was a highly significant increase in bilirubin during the 1st year of use, a decline in the 2nd, increase in the 3rd, and stabilization at increased levels after 4 years, suggesting that the system is returning to normal. Most prior studies have shown no significant changes in liver function. Total triglycerides and total cholesterol had a highly significant decrease in 4 years, which is comparable to other published results. The LDL cholesterol was decreased after 2 years and then reached preinsertion levels after 3 years and stabilized. Preinsertion levels of HDL cholesterol were reached after 2 years, then a decrease and stabilization in year 4. These HDL changes have been observed in other studies. HDL to total cholesterol ratio returned to preinsertion levels after 2 years after a reassuring and significant increase after 1 year, and decreased to .255 after 4 years. The ratio always remained above .200. It does not appear that lipid metabolism contributes to increased cardiovascular risk. It is cautioned that without controls for nonsteroid use the observed changes may be related to extraneous environmental effects. The absolute levels in the oral glucose intolerance test showed no clinically significant changes for 4 years. Only in years 1 and 2 on a paired basis were there differences after 1 hour.


This paper presents qualitative data in relation to a previously reported study on simultaneous interpretation (Barik, 1973). The interpreter's version of a passage may reveal omissions, additions and substitutions or errors of translation. Several categories of each type of event are noted and related to temporal and grammatical attributes of the input material. Other linguistic observations are also made. One critical factor in interpretation is the interpreter's ability to segment the incoming message at linguistically appropriate locations. Failure to do so can lead to a number of difficulties and to inadequate performance. Examples are given.


Employee performance is the process of attaining the company's organizational goals in accordance with the company's regulations. To achieve optimal work results, the organization must have disciplined personnel, as discipline is an attitude that demonstrates the employee's commitment to the job. Therefore, to produce disciplined employees, it is necessary to provide these employees with direction and desire to work harder, which will result in the production of high-quality goods and skilled personnel. This study aims to analyze the impact of work motivation and work discipline on employee performance at PT. Telkom Akses Medan. This study employs a quantitative methodology with an associative approach. The population consists of all PT Telkom Akses Medan personnel, and the sample size is 79 individuals. The results indicate that despite the fact that PT Telkom Akses Medan employees lack discipline, work discipline has no effect on employee performance, since the performance is very fulfilling and the company appreciates the way it operates. This study also demonstrates that PT Telkom Akses Medan's performance is significantly affected by employee motivation.


The escalating success of personal coaching and the significant potential it holds as a vehicle for effective learning, appear to have had little impact within educational contexts to date. In response, this paper therefore presents an introduction to personal coaching practice and its outcomes and examines its processes through a discussion of learning theory. In doing so, it demonstrates the learning value inherent within the coaching framework and challenges educators to consider its potential as a model for active, collaborative, authentic and engaging learning.


Most urban green space research focuses on the social benefits of parks and recreational areas. However, in areas with high levels of resource deprivation and physical disorder, parks may function as criminal marketplaces. Parks in such areas may cease to provide net benefits to the surrounding community and instead serve as a vector for criminal activity. Parks in eastern Kansas City, Kansas, are examined in terms of the probability of criminal marketplaces and beneficial social contribution. Variables for resource deprivation and social disorder are calculated for the study area and compared to national aggregates to identify which parks may behave as criminal marketplaces. In such cases, parks should exhibit an inverse relationship between distance from a park and number of criminal offenses per acre. Evaluating the incidence of crime near parks using geographic information systems (GIS) buffer analysis, proximity analysis, and spatial statistics demonstrates that parks in areas of extreme resource deprivation do not serve beneficial social roles, and some parks contradict conventional criminal justice and urban economic theory.


Inevitable interactions with the reservoir largely degrade the performance of non-local gates, which hinders practical quantum computation from coming into existence. Here we experimentally demonstrate a 99.920(7)\%-fidelity controlled-NOT gate by suppressing the complicated noise in a solid-state spin system at room temperature. We found that the fidelity limited at 99\% in previous works results from only considering static noise, and thus, in this work, time-dependent noise and quantum noise are also included. All noises are dynamically corrected by an exquisitely designed shaped pulse, giving the resulting error below $10^{-4}$. The residual gate error is mainly originated from the longitudinal relaxation and the waveform distortion that can both be further reduced technically. Our noise-resistant method is universal, and will benefit other solid-state spin systems.


While biological principles have inspired researchers in computational and engineering research for a long time, there is still rather limited knowledge flow back from computational to biological domains. This paper presents examples of our work where research on anthropomorphic robots lead us to new insights into explaining biological movement phenomena, starting from behavioral studies up to brain imaging studies. Our research over the past years has focused on principles of trajectory formation with nonlinear dynamical systems, on learning internal models for nonlinear control, and on advanced topics like imitation learning. The formal and empirical analyses of the kinematics and dynamics of movements systems and the tasks that they need to perform lead us to suggest principles of motor control that later on we found surprisingly related to human behavior and even brain activity.


We give a decomposition formula for the formal solution of the Cauchy problem for a quasi-homogeneous partial differential equation with constant coefficients in the twodimensional complex plane. The decomposition formula, Theorem 1.1, is given in a form associated with the factorization of the relevant operator which is similar to the decomposition of the solution of an ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 35C10; Secondary 35E15.


Purpose To assess the effect of marital status and the role of race/ethnicity on breast cancer specific mortality in women with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods The study utilized the California Cancer Registry to identify 22,812 cases of first primary female TNBC. Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier breast cancer specific survival was computed. Cox Proportional Hazards modeling was used to compute the adjusted risk of breast cancer specific mortality for women who were single, separated, divorced, and widowed when compared with women who were married. Models were adjusted for age, stage, tumor grade, SES, and treatment with surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiation therapy. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results Separated (HR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.14–2.01) and widowed (HR: 1.39; 95%CI: 1.23–1.57) white women had a higher risk of mortality than white married women whereas single and divorced white women had the same risk of mortality. For Asian/Pacific Islanders (API), only single (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.17–2.06) and divorced (HR:1.81; 95% CI:1.26–2.60) women had a higher risk of mortality than married women. Marital status had no influence on risk of mortality for either black or Hispanic women. Conclusions The risk of mortality associated with marital status is dependent on race/ethnicity. Only white and API women with TNBC have a marital advantage.


Research has convincingly demonstrated that diversity of cultural backgrounds and associated differences in skills, education and abilities can be a rich resource for companies and creative teams but also for the social and economic development of societies. The challenge is to conceive and implement public policies and institutions that make it possible to realize the positive potential of diversity. The Intercultural integration policy paradigm which takes up this challenge has been developed and tested by the Council of Europe in a range of cities across the continent. The article introduces this paradigm as well as a series of examples of how it translates into different policy areas.


In this reaserch, photocatalyst silver titanium dioxide was doped and modified by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). The purpose of the present study was to analyse the synthesized Ag/TiO2 thin film doped and undoped PEG. Ag/TiO2 thin films on silicon wafer have been prepared by sol–gel spin coating. The samples were characterized by Grazing Incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The doped and undoped PEG Ag/TiO2 thin films showed a mesoporous TiO2 matrix which includes TiO2 crystallites of 10-20 nm in size and small Ag nanoparticles (white spots) with various sizes ranging from 10 to 30 nm. However, doped PEG Ag/TiO2 thin film showed the Ag nanoparticles became agglomerates but still remained roughly uniform on the surface.


In this paper, the design of a triple band rectangular microstrip antenna with triple slots for WLAN and 5G applications has been presented. Support Vector Regression (SVR) model has been used in the design procedure. Simulation results of High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) are given and compared with a traditional rectangular antenna without slots as well as with the results of some triple band antennas given in the literature.


The new scale of the distributed systems due to the evolution of the Internet and new emergent technologies like RFID and wireless sensor networks has given rise to applications based on the dissemination of high volumes of information. In this context, the pub/sub paradigm has taken special relevance. In pub/sub systems, producers publish messages or events and these are delivered to subscribers according to their interests expressed previously as subscriptions. This allows to decouple producers of consumers communicating them in an indirect and asynchronous way. A notification service could be implemented as a centralized service, but usually for largescale systems, a distributed event brokers network that collaborate to perform the necessary tasks is adopted. Notifications services are the middleware that provides information dissemination and other important features upon which pub/sub systems rely. Several commercial products, open source and research projects implements notification services that considerably differ each other in features and QoS that they provide. Great research efforts are concentrated in areas related to information dissemination, efficient routing algorithms, optimal location of filters, optimization of resources use, scalability, fail tolerance, etc. The own nature of the notification services (distributed, large scale, big amount of concurrent messages processed, etc.), as well as the diversity and complexity of the facets involved in their implementations, impact negatively on the analysis and evaluation of their behavior while they are in execution. There exist few solutions that solve this problem but they are mainly proprietaries and focus on single partial aspects of the behavior. Solving this would significantly help to the research, development and tuning of these systems. The main motivation of this thesis is to enable the analysis of notification services while running. This work introduces a notification service-independent analysis framework that allows online behavior analysis based on streamed observations, metrics and visual representations of them.


In this paper,the long-time behaviour of Chemotaxis-Growth system with Dirichlet's condition is considered.It is proved that the solution of the system is globally bounded in L2(Ω) × L2(Ω) and H01(Ω) × H01(Ω).The existence of global attractor in L2(Ω) × L2(Ω) of the system is obtained.


Non-linear modeling for dynamic fracture process by the finite element method has been proposed to estimate the multiaxial impact strength of glass mat and glass, carbon, glass/carbon or aramid cloth laminates. The numerical results are compared with experimental data, which are obtained by instrumented drop-weight impact test and the validity of the proposed model is confirmed.


Today, in many places, such as newspapers, magazines, media, words such as e-commerce, electronic money and electronic communications is heard. But what is interesting is not just dependent on the content and implications of the original structure and modern technology. Ecommerce is often forgotten that one of the main products of modern technology, and the outcome is the development of communication. Tools and platforms and new business are always changing to make it easy to access resources. But this phenomenon in our country Iran helpful somewhat backward and still benefit from the industry has not provided the necessary substrates. In this study, it is also an attempt to express some of these barriers be addressed


Due to the haplotype map,SNPs show potential advantage not only on X-chromosome and autosomal but also on Y chromosome and mtDNA.In the forensic field,the interest of SNPs is continuously increasing because of the low mutation rates and suitability for analysis of degraded DNA.This report mainly describe the SNPs and X-chromosome SNPs characteristics,genotyping methods and its potential application in forensic medicine.


Over the last couple of years, West Virginia physicians have been hit with some of the highest medical malpractice insurance premiums in the country.

Surgeons were the first to be affected, according to Judith T. Romano, M.D., FAAP, secretary-treasurer of the AAP West Virginia Chapter.

"We lost


Besides funding basic and special education, government has provided revenue to help students whose academic achievement is below average for their grade in school. During fiscal year 1997, Minnesota school districts statewide received about $255 million in state and federal revenue for K-12 students' remedial education. Through the school funding formula, the Minnesota Legislature earmarked $132 million as ''compensatory revenue'' and another $39 million as ''targeted needs aid.'' The federal government provided an additional $80 million in Title I funds through the Improving America's Schools Act and about half a million dollars for homeless and new immigrant students.


This study investigates the drivers and challenges faced by Mauritian organisations in implementing green jobs. Data was collected through online questionnaires to companies in six major sectors of the economy to identify their level of awareness, to investigate their readiness to embark into green jobs while at the same, assess the drivers and the challenges. The results showed that the implementation of green jobs in Mauritius is at an early stage and that much needs to be done. Furthermore, Spearman rho correlation found no relation between sector activity and the level of awareness. Moreover, regardless of the sector that the companies are; they face the same difficulties to implement green jobs. The study however showed that firms that do not have green jobs, do engage in green practices like the use of renewable of energy, minimise pollution and maximise the use of day light. The major drivers identified were customer preferences and government regulations while the major challenges which emerged were costs and the lack of trained employees. Based on the findings recommendations were made with respect to the enhancement of existing regulations and policies, subsidisation of costs and dispensing of training programmes to stakeholders concerned.


Automated game design (AGD) is an exciting new frontier for generative software and games research, one which intersects
many areas of AI as well as cutting across the many creative domains involved in developing a game. However, there is a trend throughout existing automated game design work to concentrate primarily on the rules that underpin a game – objectives, obstacles, and the notion of challenge. This paper examines this trend in automated game design, and argues that a broader understanding of games is needed.
We examine the history of AGD to date, and consider this work in the context of game design theories and definitions. We discuss the term secret box to describe a class of game that does not fall into the purview of existing AGD approaches, and offer a design sketch of an AGD system we are building, ANGELINA 6, to begin to challenge these ideas.


Article reviews history and development of basic directions of system dynamics: application of system dynamics to corporate and government management, management consulting, simulation games, education projects, simulation software.


This article analyses the impact of interorganizational mobility on academic performance. We develop a theoretical framework based on the job-matching approach adapted for researchers. The empirical analysis studies the careers of a sample of 171 UK academics, spanning 1957–2005. We find no evidence that mobility per se increases academic performance. Only mobility to "better" departments has a positive weakly significant impact, while downward mobility reduces researchers' productivity. Job mobility is always associated with a short-term decrease in performance.


The public transport systems, as much for its infrastructure magnitude as for the importance of its services, have been addressed from the urban design theory and practice as potential structure elements of the contemporary urban experience. They are presented as privileged meeting points, and as possible protagonists of the form, culture and identity of a city. The Coquimbo-La Serena light rail project arises as an alternative to improve the connectivity through public transportation of this conurbation, a new metropolitan area of almost half million inhabitants, which has undergone far-reaching changes in its mobility habits in the last decades. The use of private cars has doubled in detriment of the use of public transport and walking, which consequently produces congestion and pollution problems. This project proposes a new longitudinal connection, a clean, efficient and interconnected backbone of public transport, which links isolated residential sectors with the city town areas and the main public infrastructure of both cities. It is presented as a "complete street" project that unites important elements of history, geography and city life, being a new urban landmark that conveys the will of diverse actors accomplished as a public-private project through the MOP (Acronym for Ministry of Public Works) concession system. This article, which is the first academic work about the project, highlights the role of the public transport infrastructure as a central element of the sustainable construction and development of the city, and it discusses the light rail suitability in this sense, particularly compared to the BRT option. Through the presentation of the urban insertion strategies of the Coquimbo–La Serena light rail project, it is stated that a public transportation infrastructure constitutes "place" when it is integrated to the structure, landscape and urban public spaces in a sustainable way.


Field investigation of intertidal zone macrozoobenthos was carried out in October 2007 in the Jiaojiang Estuary,and four stations were set up in each of six sampling sections.Analysis of the relationship between the species number and the station number was conducted,furthermore,beta diversity theory was used to analyze the macrozoobenthos community in the following environmental gradients:(1) the vertical environmental gradient within the intertidal sampling section;(2) the environmental gradient from river to sea;(3) environmental gradient of the distance between two banks of estuary.Main research findings are as follows:(1) With the increase of sampling station number,species number has a uptrend but the variety rate is more and more slow,besides,beta diversity index presents a downtrend;(2) beta diversity index has a significant change in different vertical distances within the sampling section;(3) with the raise of spatial scale,beta diversity index presents a uptrend both in north and south banks,and which had a significant correlation with the grain size and oils concentration of sediment;(4) the Jiaojiang Estuary had a trumpet shape,and beta diversity index also presents a growing trend with the increase of the distance between the two banks of the estuary.


This polarograph applies a uniformly increasing potential to a electrolysis cell and then records the current through the cell as a function of that potential.


A new temperature-compensated SAW substrate for high power applications was developed based on bonded LiTaO3/sapphire. Because of its small thermal expansion coefficient, large Young's modulus, and large electric resistivity, sapphire is an ideal material for a support substrate. In addition, the large thermal conductivity of sapphire brings efficient heat dissipation. Surface activated bonding was used and optimized to strongly bond LiTaO3 and sapphire without any damage or bow. Keywords-SAW; LiTaO3; sapphire; temperature compensation; surface activated bonding; heat dissipation; US-PCS;


This article draws attention to the Borana Oromo gadaa system as an Indigenous federation. Gadaa is an Indigenous democratic political system used by the Oromo in which leaders are elected and their term in office is strictly fixed. Data for this research were generated through interviews, observations, and focus group discussions. The findings of this research indicate that the Borana have three gadaa councils at two levels: one at the center for the entire Borana and two named after two Borana clans. The later have relative autonomy under the cardinal law of the Borana gadaa. This structure has been serving as a means of managing conflict, maintaining internal unity, and ensuring better governance and power devolution. Finally, suggestions are made on how to support Indigenous governance systems, which in this case includes acknowledging the values and principles of the gadaa system, as well as designing a legal framework that retains and protects the integrity and legitimacy of the system.


The housing market plays a crucial role in economic and social life. The development of house prices has an impact on both the business cycle dynamics and the performance of the financial system. Against this background, the insolvency of Lehman Brothers, but also recently the financial woes of "Evergrande", has shown the dramatic consequences an overheating housing market and, associated therewith, the bubble formation may have on the real economy. Thus it is of utmost importance to gain a better understanding of the complex boom-and-bust behavior of housing markets. This doctoral thesis develops a new housing market model that links the expectation formation and learning behavior of heterogeneous and boundedly rational investors to an elementary housing market. The model is able to produce endogenous house price dynamics with significant bubbles and crashes. With this model framework it is then analyzed how fiscal and monetary policies may affect the housing market's steady state, its stability and out-of-equilibrium behavior. In particular, these policies include public housing construction programs, various interest rate rules by the central bank and different tax policies. The thesis also examines the interactions between the housing market and the real market. These approaches are discussed in four papers.


We investigate cognitive and subjective factors that take students' groups away from learning tasks in an usual classroom situation. We strive to develop tools and procedures that are potentially useful to observe students working in group in actual classroom situations. Data collection involved audio and video recordings of students' groups of Year 1, High School, during an introductory activity in Physics. Analysis of this material was conducted under the light of Bion's psychoanalytical concepts of Work Group and Basic Assumption. We present


I illustrate how random behaviour might emerge naturally in deterministic systems. This are super condensed and hastily written notes for the mini-course given at the 14th WORKSHOP ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (JISD2016). Barcelona, July 11 15, 2016. Read at your own risk.


In modern literary history,Mu Shiying was a unique and controversial writer.The research of her works,starting in the 1930s,experienced a politically and artistically tortuous process.However,many fruitful results achieved finally.It is both necessary and important to reflect on nearly a century's study of Mu Shiying,by discussing its potential research path and contemporary implications as well as its weaknesses and strengths.


general approaches for critical care overview obtaining a clinical history and medical records body condition scoring relocation for physical examinations monitoring critically ill rodents pain recognition and assessments supportive care for surgical procedures supplemental heat provision drug therapy references critical care management for laboratory mice introduction overall assessments general medical approaches to physical examination and health assessments veterinary care measures abnormal, critical, and emergent conditions research-related medical issues euthanasia references critical care management for laboratory rats introduction overall assessments general medical approaches to physical examination and health assessments veterinary care measures abnormal, critical, and emergent conditions research-related medical issues euthanasia references special considerations for critical care management in laboratory rodents introduction aging animal model considerations blood loss considerations chronic indwelling device considerations depilatory cream considerations equipment considerations for rodent surgery and emergency procedures euthanasia considerations experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and demyelinating disease model considerations fasting considerations fluid therapy considerations food and fluid regulation procedures humane or "clinical" endpoint considerations nutritional therapy considerations perioperative care considerations regulatory considerations restraint collar considerations tracheostomy considerations tumor development and monitoring considerations wound management considerations references resources and additional information introduction organizations publications electronic resources commercial resources appendix A: glossary of acronyms and terms appendix B: suggested medical supplies for rodent critical care appendix C: rodent formulary Index


This text wrote from the angle of technological current situation of the development of Staphylococcus aureus in food,recommended utilizing the technological means of biochemistry,immunology and molecular biology to measure the technology and method of pathogens more systematically,especially application study of the operating technology of gene for fast detection in pathogens in recent years,the technology had produced the enormous impetus to this field.


This Article discusses the so-called "debt crisis" from the perspective of two litigators. They normally advise participants in these matters to stay away from the courts if at all possible. The authors' experience in large-scale international financial tangles reveals that litigation can be both a disruptive and a ponderous process, ill-suited to achieve effective solutions for these problems. The authors suggest that a guiding principle in both asset and liability cases should be the enforcement of the reasonable expectations of the parties. Decisions that give effect to payment restrictions imposed by foreign countries on foreign branch deposits are consistent with decisions enforcing debt claims for loans expressly payable outside the borrower's country, because such decisions reflect the expectations of the parties. One need not engage in metaphysical dissertations about the situs of a debt to find a common ground for such decisions. They reflect no more and no less than execution of the parties' bargain which is the proper role of the U.S. courts in the transnational flow of funds.


An experimental study on the fuel match of main fuel and local fuel of EBMC Flame holder was conducted using a main atomizing platelet injector.Meanwhile,the performance characteristics of EBMC Flame holder were presented.In order to demonstrate the advantage of this new type of atomizing platelet injector by which fuel was injected into the cross flow,two different types of flame holders were used as main flame holders.Its combustion performance was compared with that of atomizing platelet injector by which fuel was injected into the opposed flow.The experimental results show that combustion performance of the atomizing platelet injectors by which fuel was injected into the cross flow is superior to that of the other one within the range of operating conditions of this experiment.


A rolling element signal has a long transmission path in the acquisition process. The fault feature of the rolling element signal is more difficult to be extracted. Therefore, a novel weak fault feature extraction method using optimized variational mode decomposition with kurtosis mean (KMVMD) and maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution based on power spectrum entropy and grid search (PGMCKD), namely KMVMD-PGMCKD, is proposed. In the proposed KMVMD-PGMCKD method, a VMD with kurtosis mean (KMVMD) is proposed. Then an adaptive parameter selection method based on power spectrum entropy and grid search for MCKD, namely PGMCKD, is proposed to determine the deconvolution period T and filter order L. The complementary advantages of the KMVMD and PGMCKD are integrated to construct a novel weak fault feature extraction model (KMVMD-PGMCKD). Finally, the power spectrum is employed to deal with the obtained signal by KMVMD-PGMCKD to effectively implement feature extraction. Bearing rolling element signals of Case Western Reserve University and actual rolling element data are selected to prove the validity of the KMVMD-PGMCKD. The experiment results show that the KMVMD-PGMCKD can effectively extract the fault features of bearing rolling elements and accurately diagnose weak faults under variable working conditions.


To improve the comfort of agricultural workers, a T-shirt with a printed active cooling finish was evaluated to determine if it would meet the wash life durability and performance expectations of such an arduous application. Six shirts with a printed phase change material (PCM) finish and six shirts without (control) were washed 50 times to replicate a typical consumer wash life. Shirts were evaluated for absorbency, dimensional change, colorfastness, crocking, abrasion resistance, soil release, and smoothness retention according to AATCC and ASTM standard test methods. Testing was conducted before laundering and after 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 consumer laundry (CL) cycles. Absorbency and dimensional change were significantly influenced by the PCM finish. Results demonstrate the appropriateness of adopting such a finish technology for agricultural worker clothing applications.


Mechanisms responsible for the noise in crossed-field guns are being investigated. Our theory assumes that the excess noise results from feedback effects, in the space-charge-limited régime, arising from continuous interaction between the electric field and the beam of electrons reflected back to the cathode. We have extended an analytical method developed many years ago for the study of space-charge smoothing of shot noise in unmagnetized diodes. First-order equations describe the perturbations in the potential and transmitted current arising from a harmonically varying current injected from the cathode at a specific velocity. The perturbation problem is solved for all possible velocities of the injected current. The perturbation currents arriving at the anode are then combined to determine the current spectral density.


1. A method for increasing the strength of the title polyethylene polymer melt, comprising the steps in which: a) selecting a target polyethylene polymer having a density determined according to standard ASTM D792, in the range of from 0.865 g / cc to 0.970 g / cc and a melt index determined according to standard ASTM D1238 (2.16 kg, temperature 190 ° C) in the range from 0.01 g / 10 min to 100 g / 10 min; b) alkoxyamine derivative is reacted in an amount less than 900 parts per million parts derivative total polyethylene polymer, polyethylene polymer When conditions sufficient to enhance the melt strength polyethylene polimera.2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the alkoxyamine derivative of the formula: (R) (R) NOR, wherein R R, each independently, represent hydrogen, a C alkyl or C-S-aryl, or substituted hydrocarbon the group comprising O and / or N, and wherein R Rmogut together form a cyclic structure; and R is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon group comprising O and / or N.3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the alkoxyamine derivative is an ester derivative gidroksilamina.4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the ester derivative of hydroxylamine is hydroxylamine ester derivative such as 9- (acetyloxy) - [3,8,10-triethyl-7,8,10-trimethyl-1,5-dioxa-9- azaspiro [5.5] undec-3-yl] methyl-oktadekanoat.5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the alkoxyamine derivative is added to the target polymer in polyethylene masterbatch composition comprising alkoxyamine derivative along with a polymeric nositelem.6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the polymeric carrier is selected from the group


This paper proposes a gateway based on EtherCAT and DeviceNet for a smart factory. EtherCAT is chosen as the primary protocol and DeviceNet is used as secondary protocol. Due to its outstanding features, the gateway can support many devices and increase the quality of service (QoS) of the network. With proposal gateway, an embedded programmable logic controller (ePLC) can replace the hardware programmable logic controller. The gateway was implemented with an ARM-Cortex M3 and TwinCAT3 was used as the ePLC. Experiments show that this gateway provides a high QoS and also satisfies the real-time requirements of a factory system.


Mother tongue disability refers to some or total inadequacy in one's native language. It implies a situation where individuals or groups of persons are unable to speak/ write their native language. This is a common phenomenon among Nigerian youths. As a result, research has shown there are over 450 indigenous languages in Nigeria, which may go extinct (Rotimi, 2012; Bankole, 2010). Colonization and the introduction of western civilization had often been blamed for mother tongue disability. However recent happenings indicate that factors such as the fast decreasing value for mother tongue and parental negative attitudes may be more responsible for mother tongue disability. The paper aims at explaining causes and effects of mother tongue disability in Nigeria and its consequences on socio-cultural development in the country.  It concludes that the speaking, writing, as well as the understanding of mother tongue is beneficial for social solidarity, peaceful co-existence (without which there cannot be meaningful development), the maintenance of cultural heritage and values, and for the growth of the tourism industry.


Master in International Management / Classifications of the JEL Classification System: M31 – Marketing; M37 – Advertising
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D


She wants what she can't have An angel that feU, and one that flew Like a gypsy moth she danced toward the flame I tried to warn her, but she knew And now her heart is seared As she wrote her story in the ashes Look up, the rain has cleared You don't have to drown in the waves, the crashes The ebb and flow, rise with the tide Only the best, after the despair So many lives will coincide I will be me, she wiU be there 1 Engbrecht: We Move On


Dosing of enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis in acutely burned patients has been shown to result in anti‐Xa levels below target range. We describe the first case report, to our knowledge, of a severely burned patient who, despite prophylactic dosing of enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneously twice daily, developed an acute DVT that required high‐dose enoxaparin (100 mg [1.5 mg/kg] subcutaneously every 8 hours) to maintain anti‐Xa levels within the therapeutic range (0.6–1 IU/ml). Pharmacokinetic evaluations were performed using anti‐Xa levels measured throughout the patient's hospital stay to validate the appropriateness of this high‐dose regimen based on established therapeutic anti‐Xa level ranges. These results suggest that routine anti‐Xa level monitoring, regardless of enoxaparin dosing, is necessary for burn patients who are receiving enoxaparin given their hypermetabolic state following injury.


Although many studies relevant to snow cover and permafrost have focused on alpine, arctic, and subarctic areas, there is still a lack of understanding of the influences of seasonal snow cover on the thermal regime of the soils in permafrost regions in the mid-latitudes and boreal regions, such as that on the western flank of the Da Xing'anling(Hinggan) Mountains, northeastern China. This paper gives a detailed analysis on meteorological data series from 2001 to 2010 provided by the Gen'he Weather Station, which is located in a talik of discontinuous permafrost zone and with sparse meadow on the observation field. It is inferred that snow cover is important for the ground thermal regime in the middle Da Xing'anling Mountains. Snow cover of 10-cm in thickness and five to six months in duration(generally November to next March) can reduce the heat loss from the ground to the atmosphere by 28%, and by 71% if the snow depth increases to 36 cm. Moreover, the occurrence of snow cover resulted in mean annual ground surface temperatures 4.7–8.2 °C higher than the mean annual air temperatures recorded at the Gen'he Weather Station. The beginning date for stable snow cover establishment(SE date) and the initial snow depth(SDi) also had a great influences on the ground freezing process. Heavy snowfall before ground surface freeze-up could postpone and retard the freezing process in Gen'he. As a result, the duration of ground freezing was shortened by at least 20 days and the maximum depth of frost penetration was as much as 90 cm shallower.


. The lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major insect pest of lettuce, Lactuca sativa L, in many commercial lettuce production areas around the world. Resistance to lettuce aphid biotype 0 (Nr:0) was first reported in Lactuca virosa L. accession IVT 280 and characterized as complete, i.e., virtually no aphids survived, and genetically dominant to partial resistance in L. virosa accession IVT 273. Complete and partial resistances to Nr:0 were conditioned by two alleles, Nr (complete resistance) and nr (partial resistance), but the genetic relationship to susceptibility was not reported. We previously reported two new potential sources of unique genes for resistance to Nr:0 in Lactuca serriola L. accession PI 491093 and L. virosa PI 274378. We report on the genetic and phenotypic nature of resistance to Nr:0 in these two wild lettuce accessions. Resistance to Nr:0 in PI 274378 is complete and allelic to complete resistance in IVT 280. Resistance to Nr:0 in PI 491093 was partial, recessive to complete resistance in 'Barcelona' that was derived from IVT 280, but dominant to susceptibility in 'Salinas'. We propose the revised gene symbols for resistance to Nr:0: Nr:0 C for complete resistance and Nr:0 P for partial resistance, which was originally designated as nr but may now be regarded as the symbol for susceptibility to all strains of lettuce aphid.


This article juxtaposes Abraham Sutzkever's Yiddish poems written in the Vilna Ghetto between 1941–1943 with the testimony he gave at the Nuremberg Trials on 27 February 1946. A witness, participant, and survivor of the annihilation, Sutzkever became an appropriate representative and unique spokesperson for the murdered Jewish victims. As evidence of a personal and collective tragedy, providing a double record of the destruction of a once-vibrant community through his poetry and his witness statement, Sutzkever imparts the reality of the Holocaust on the first occasion that leaders of a country were indicted before an international court for crimes against humanity. Hence, this article contributes to the understanding of the emotional trauma and fate of Jewish victims during the Holocaust. Emphasising how artistic expression may assist human beings to endure unimaginable hardship, it highlights the continuing importance of personal testimony to endorse memory and warn against recurrence.


Despite the considerable attention paid to research into the adoption of technological innovations in government agencies and business firms, little attention has been paid to other types of organisations such as voluntary organisations (VOs). As a result, many things remain unknown: the patterns of uptake and adoption in VOs, the process of the transformation both of the organisations and the way they implement the innovation, and its implication. This paper attempts to address these problems. By presenting the case of Indonesian VOs at a theoretical level, this research is concerned with the diffusion of innovation and the effects on the practice of VOs and voluntary movements. These concerns are explored by examining two related empirical issues: (i) the links between innovation and organisational performance, and (ii) the construction of innovation diffusion and impacts in organisations that define those links.


What is it like to be a high school student? The author of this article spent four months as a participant observer in an urban, integrated and innovative high school in order to explore the social world and the social realities of its students.


In view of potential agro activity of turpentine analogues, many studies have been conducted on the application of this biorenewable and abundant natural resource. Three series analogues of derivatives from volatile turpentine were prepared to study suitable amphipathic properties. The evaluation of fungicidal activity was carried out against three pathogenic microbials. In addition to the overall good effect, it was found that compounds 2-hydroxyethyl carboxylate, 5k, and 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl carboxylate, 5l, demonstrated extreme activity, with IC50 values of 6.013 and 6.610 μg/mL against Setosphaeria turcica, which were close to the control carbendazim. The preliminary structure–activity relationship (SAR) was analyzed, and compounds with appropriate amphipathic features and small steric hindrance displayed more desirable performances. Meanwhile, the quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model (R2 = 0.9548, F = 47.82, S2 = 0.0125) was built and indicated that the most two important str...


Visible-region magnetic photonic crystals (MPC) designed for higher-order bandgap operation have been proposed to overcome the technological restrictions originating from the strong thickness dependency of the individual magnetic layer properties observed in MPC structures. Various theoretical approaches to the design of different magnetic photonic crystals with excellent optical and magneto-optical (MO) characteristics for discrete and integrated magneto-optics have been reported recently. Fabricated 1D-MPC samples often exhibit significantly lower transmittance and Faraday rotation at the design wavelength (especially in the visible spectral range), due to physical and technological obstacles such as the high absorption of RF-sputtered Bi-iron garnet films, destructive magneto-optical interference in MPCs with high resonator quality, or due to the technological problems related to the manufacturing repeatability of the optical and magnetic properties in multiple ultra-thin garnet layers[1-3]. Our research group has achieved a significant progress in improving the magneto-optical quality of RFsputtered iron-garnet films of composition (BiDy)3(FeGa)5O12 [2]. However, the transmission electron microscopy study of ultra-thin layer cross-sections of such films has demonstrated that significant thickness-dependent effects (and therefore variations in the observed properties) can be expected in very thin (< 200 nm) nanocrystalline RFsputtered garnet layers [2,3]. Based on the computer modeling of (NM)x(MN)x MPC structures (N/M are nonmagnetic/magnetic layers) designed for 633 nm operation at higher-order bandgaps, so that the thicknesses of N and M are h=λ/(4n) (-Xcurve), h=3λ/(4n) (-Δ), h=5λ/(4n) (-□), and h=7λ/(4n) (-◊,) we show that using thicker individual layers (h=7λ/(4n)) results simultaneously in reducing the non-uniformity in layer thicknesses and their magnetic properties, and also leads to improving the MO performance of MPCs, as shown in Fig. 1. In addition to improving the uniformity of the thickness and the thickness-dependent properties of the magnetic layers (due to the much larger thicknesses of the individual layers in comparison with the typical size of a single nanocrystallite), reducing the total number of layers used provides additional technological benefits. The parameter T×Ф, where T is the transmittance of the MPC at the design wavelength and Ф is the Faraday rotation angle at the same wavelength is found to be quite useful for comparing the efficiencies of different MPC designs. The work was supported by RFBR grant 09-02-90437-Ukr_f_а and 09-02-92671-IND_а. 1. Vasiliev M., Alameh K. E., Belotelov V. I., Kotov V. A., and Zvezdin A. K., "Magnetic Photonic Crystal: 1-D Optimization and Applications for the Integrated Optics Devices", Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 24, No. 5, 2156-2162, 2006. 2. Vasiliev M., Nur-E-Alam M., Kotov V. A., Alameh K. E., Belotelov V. I., Burkov V. I., and Zvezdin A. K., "RF-magnetron sputtered (BiDy)3(FeGa)5O12:Bi2O3 composite garnet-oxide materials possessing record magneto-optic quality in the visible spectral region", Optics Express, Vol. 17, No. 22, 19519, 2009. 3.Vasiliev M., Wo P. C., Alameh K. E., Munroe P., Xie Z., Kotov V. A., and Burkov V. I., "Microstructural characterization of sputtered garnet materials and all-garnet magnetic heterostructures: establishing the technology for magnetic photonic crystal fabrication", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol. 42, 135003, 2009. Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.


The mechanism of 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)-induced protection from bromobenzene's hepatotoxicity has been investigated. Determination of the metabolic half-life of bromobenzene indicated that 3-MC induction did not alter the rate of metabolism of bromobenzene in vivo . In contrast, phenobarbital and SKF 525A treatments, which enhance and block, respectively, bromobenzene-induced liver necrosis, enhanced and blocked bromobenzene metabolism. Measurement of bromobenzene metabolism in vitro indicated that 3-MC caused a modest induction of metabolism. Thus 3-MC-induced protection, unlike the SKF 525A effect, is not due to an inhibition of bromobenzene metabolism. Determination of the urinary metabolites of bromobenzene indicated that 3-MC induction caused an increased excretion of bromophenyldihydrodiol and bromocatechol. These metabolites arise from epoxide hydrase-catalyzed hydration of bromobenzene epoxide, suggesting that 3-MC protection is due to an increased capacity to detoxify the chemically highly reactive epoxide. In addition, 2-bromophenol was found to be a major urinary metabolite of hromobenzene in 3-MC-induced rats, suggesting that 3-MC induction may also divert bromobenzene metabolism into a comparatively nontoxic pathway.


Observations sur quelques Actinedida (=Prostigmates) du sol d Amerique du nord. 4. - Sur une nouvelle forme larvaire et son adulte appartenant a la sous-famille des Microthrombidiinae. (Acari: Thrombidiidae). Description of a new species, Compsothrombium johnstoni n. sp., (larval and adult stasis) collected in West Virginia in USA. The genus Compsothrombiitm is for the first time recorded from USA.


With the advent of high-bandwidth non-volatile storage devices, the classical assumption that database analytics applications are bottlenecked by CPUs having to wait for slow I/O devices is being flipped around. Instead, CPUs are no longer able to decompress and deserialize the data stored in storage-focused file formats fast enough to keep up with the speed at which compressed data is read from storage. In order to better utilize the increasing I/O bandwidth, this work proposes a hardware accelerated approach to converting storage-focused file formats to in-memory data structures. To that end, an FPGA-based Apache Parquet reading engine is developed that utilizes existing FPGA and memory interfacing hardware to write data to memory in Apache Arrow's in-memory format. A modular and expandable hardware architecture called the ParquetReader with out-of-the-box support for DELTA_BINARY_PACKED and DELTA_LENGTH_BYTE_ARRAY encodings is proposed and implemented on an Amazon EC2 F1 instance with an XCVU9P FPGA. The ParquetReader has great area efficiency, with a single ParquetReader only requiring between 1.18% and 2.79% of LUTs, between 1.27% and 2.92% of registers and between 2.13% and 4.47% of BRAM depending on the targeted input data type and encoding. This area efficiency allows for instantiating a large number of (possibly different) ParquetReaders for parallel workloads. Multiple Parquet files of varying types and encodings were generated in order to measure the performance of the ParquetReaders. A single engine has achieved up to 2.81x speedup for DELTA_LENGTH_BYTE_ARRAY encoded strings and 2.79x speedup for DELTA_BINARY_PACKED integers when compared to CPU-only Parquet reading implementations, attaining a throughput between 2.3 GB/s and 7.2 GB/s (limited by the interface bandwidth of the testing system) depending on the input data. The high throughput and low resource utilization of the ParquetReader allow for the interface bandwidth to be saturated using multiple ParquetReaders utilizing only a small amount of the FPGA's resources.