The writer thinks that toppling down is the main mechanics reason why the chimney is damaged through the caculation of shearing force and pulling force(compressive stress)when the chimney topples down.So the chimney is fractured from the outer side under the outer strong pulling force.


Summary.. Sew'ral laws governing the electromagm,tic interactions of tachyons are derived, under the hypothesis that taehyons aro bradyons as seen by a superluminal observer. The postulate of tlm cxist(:m.e of the tachyon corridor, which solves the causality problems, is assumed. It is shown that the electromagnetic field produced by ta(.hyol:ie~ matter obeys differe, ntial relations which are different from Maxwcll.~ equations. The action of a superhlminal electromagnetic field on a charged taehyon is discussed, as well as the conservation theorems satisfied by taohyon interactions. The form of the interaction between tachyons and the sublunfinal eleetrolnagm~tie field, and hence of the interaction between tachyons and brady(ms, in discussed. We obtain an cxpr~.ssiolt for the force on a taehyon in a sublulninal field which differs fl't)lll tim Lo"entz force. Tachyons in the theory will emit (~erenkov radiation through their coupling to the subluminal, but not the superhmfinal, field. \\5, find no support for the ide'~ that tachyons will behave as magm.ti(' monoi~oles.


The latent equation of the freely vibration modes of elastic bearing beam is deduced. Several beginning dimensionless latent values of different elastic bearing beams are worked out. Especially, some latent value tables of some beams with different elastic rigidness are given. Finally, the method of elastic bearing beam is applied to the modal analysis of bending vibration of plane rigid frame and a good result is acquired.


In this paper, a three-port pattern diversity antenna with a Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) using a partially reflective surface (PRS) for 5.2 GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points is proposed. The topology of three coaxial-fed circular patch antennas provides an initial beam tilt of 15◦. The PRS aperture, at a height of approximately λ/2, is then shaped in such a way for the antenna to radiate at 0◦,+25◦,−25◦, which results in total coverage of 90◦. The antenna system has an impedance bandwidth of 2% ranging from 5.16 GHz to 5.25 GHz (90 MHz bandwidth), covering the IEEE 802.11a band, for a gain of 10 dBi throughout the band and across the ports. The shaped PRS structure provides a gain enhancement of 4.5 dB. The mutual coupling between any two ports in the three-port antenna system is less than 20 dB for a port-to-port distance of 0.67λ.


not that Chinese brains are not capable of the formation of plans of warfare," but because by temperament her people are peaceable, and apart from external pressure will probably remain so. There is a delightful chapter on " John Chinaman's Little Ones ". " China is a land of children," and these " quaint mites of humanity" with their droll mixture of babyishness and maturity are very fascinating. " A population large enough to fill a kingdom peoples the rivers, etc., of China." " John Chinaman Afloat" is a vivid description of a little known part of the Celestial Empire. The section on opium, " The Drug: Foreign Dirt "—the Chinese name for opium—should be pondered well. The whole subject is controversial, and various opinions are held as to the regularity of its introduction into China, and the attitude of Britain regarding' the trade. There is even disagreement about the effect of opium-smoking on the individual, and Mr. Ball's words, " body-ruining, mind-enfeebling, and soul-blasting drug," may sound strong, but one must remember that his experience as Registrar of Chinese and his intimate relations with them for years constitute him an authority.


Machine literature search techniques have gained wide interest as solutions to the information handling problem since 1957. Feasible machine methods were used before this time, but wide acceptance and implementation has been of recent date. This subject-classified bibliography of the world's literature for the 1957-1961 period is concerned with various aspects of mechanizing storage and retrieval of documented information. Materials cited here have been drawn from sources usually exploited in larg-e U.S. libraries, and deal with the specialized technology of documentation; including its functions of indexing, coding, staffing, systems design, and computing facilities. English, French, and German predominate as the languages of technical discourse; however the English version of a citation for a given item has been preferred to others.


A specific and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric (HPLC–MS) method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of three anthraquinones of rhein, aloe-emodin and emodin in rat plasma after oral administration of Radix et Rhei Rhizoma extract and Dahuang Fuzi Tang. The analytes were separated on a Kromaisl® C18 column within a total running vailable online 22 December 2012


This research aimed to identify water resources management strategies in extreme drought event scenarios in the municipality of Lucrécia, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), in the period 2012 to 2018. As a methodological procedure, a bibliographical and documentary, in addition to field research, with interviews with municipal managers and residents. A photographic record of the study area was also carried out. It was found that, in the city, there is a folder dedicated to water resources that guides water management and is the basis for the adoption of measures aimed at municipal supply in times of difficult access to water, due to the reduction in water availability. It was observed that part of the interviewed population understands the drought as responsible for the difficulties faced in the city, mainly about the reduction of the water level in the reservoir. It was found that, of the 52 towns belonging to the hydrographic basin of the Apodi-Mossoró river, only 10 participate in the meetings of the basin committee, the municipality of Lucrécia does not have representatives on the Committee. This finding deserves special consideration since water and the administration of its multiple applications are generators of conflicts, it highlights the importance of understanding how municipalities in the Semiarid region carry out the management of water resources and how they understand the challenges of coexistence with its area, aiming at the sustainable use of water.


This study analyzes the social characteristics of the development of small firms in a communist-based area. It is a case study of an area of diffuse industrialization, a typical example of what the IRPET [Institute for Economic Planning of the Region of Tuscany] has termed "urbanized countryside." The hypotheses that inspired the survey were developed as part of a program of research into the social characteristics and transformations of this form of development centered especially in the regions of central and northeast Italy. The survey was carried out in 1982 and the early months of 1983, and was based on interviews made with a standardized questionnaire to a sample of blue-collar workers (370 cases), entrepreneurs (100 cases), and various members of the middle classes i.e., farmers, the self-employed, civil servants, and whitecollar workers (200 cases). Alongside other research operations, the survey also included a study of the strategies and forms of interaction of the main institutional representatives of the local political system through interviews with municipal, provincial, and regional leaders. Any case study inevitably raises questions as to the extent to which its results may be generalized. Nonetheless, it is an indispensable method of focusing upon the interrelation between different levels in the social structure. Furthermore, a survey of this type clearly highlights the importance that the local institutional context, both political and social, has for the development of the small firm. From this point of view, the choice of a situation that is highly typical in economic and sociopolitical terms as that of the Valdelsa certainly is accentuates certain trends, but also permits improved analyses of the complex institutional architecture that supports diffuse industrialization. The latto* is not characterized solely by the formation of systems of


Photoelectrochemical cells have been constructed by depositing monolayers of oriented covalently linked zinc/free base porphyrin heterodimers onto ∼30 nm nonporous layers of TiO2 on ITO, deposited by metal−organic chemical vapor deposition (MO-CVD), and onto ∼100 nm porous, nanostructured TiO2 layers, spin-coated from a suspension of P25 (Degussa) on ITO. Fluorescence quenching of the dyes on both types of TiO2 substrates is compared with that of dilute solutions of the dyes and with that of dye-coated, porous ZrO2 (Degussa) substrates. By functionalizing one of the porphyrin dimer components with carboxylic substituents, which bind to the TiO2 or ZrO2 substrate surface, either the zinc porphyrin (ZnP) or the free base porphyrin (H2P) component of the dimer can be made to be in direct contact with the substrate. These dimer−substrate arrangements are denoted ZnP−H2P- -TiO2 (dimer 1) and H2P−ZnP- -TiO2 (dimer 2), respectively, where "- -" denotes binding of the carboxyl-substituted porphyrin in the heterod...


Abstract : The U.S. Field Artillery School (USAFAS) at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, uses a computer-supported Command post exercise (CPX) to train soldiers attending classes in Field Artillery Fire-Support Command, Control, and Communications. The students, divided into groups, act as the fire support, operations, intelligence, and fire direction elements of a Field Artillery Battalion supporting a Mechanized Infantry Brigade conducting offensive operations in a European environment. The students receive a total of 450 computer-generated messages in TACFIRE formats and, at each position, must make decisions and respond to the battlefield situation. The CPX scenario was analyzed to identify performance measures that could be obtained by modifying the CPX software or by videotaping one or more of the sections. This report provides (a) a detailed description of the CPX (scenario, hardware and software, and facilities) used at the USAFAS, (b) a list of the proposed performance measures, and (c) a description of the modifications made to the CPX software to allow for performance data collection and reporting.


In order to screening the harmful food rapidly,a multi-channel food safety rapid detection equipment is developed based on C8051F020 MCU.Furthermore,an alternative light source wavelength spectrophotometer method,curing equipment with the standard curve in order to achieve the detection of items than the quantitative and qualitative detection,will be used in this paper.Several functions such as online digital filter,data transmission by cable and wireless and data or testing information printing,etc.are well achieved.The experimental results show that this equipment has a high measuring accuracy and fast response.In the detection range,its RSD was less 2.5%,the range time of analysis was 5 seconds.


The environmental impact associated to the use of energy from conventional fossil origin, the energetic and economic dependency on non-renewable sources, lead to the necessity of reducing the energy consumption, maintaining the current targets and necessities of each activity that require the use of energy The phenomenon of evaporative cooling is a common process in nature, whose applications for cooling air are being used since the ancient years. In fact, it meets this objective with low energy consumption, being compared to the primary energy consumption of other alternatives for cooling, as it is simply based in the phenomenon of reducing the air temperature by evaporating water on it. This process can be an interesting alternative to conventional systems in these applications where not very low temperatures are needed, like the case of air-conditioning during the summer. In this paper various types of direct and indirect cooling methods are reviewed to understand the various ways to attain cooling by these methods and provide alternative.


This article analyzes the pedagogical experience #Orson80, a proposal of educational transmedia storytelling that is inserted in the school curricula and that at the same time generates productions that exceed the walls of the classroom. With a qualitative methodology, which combines in-depth interviews with content analysis, it is concluded that transmedia literacy can be enriched if the practices that students develop outside of the classroom are added to those of teachers.


A large band-edge offset at organic/inorganic interfaces and imbalance in charge carrier mobilities of conjugated polymers limits an efficient charge injection and recombination in polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). In this talk, I will discuss how the electrochemical doping of conjugated polymers with ultra-trace (< 1 wt%) electrochemical doping agents (EDAs) can significantly improve charge injection and balance, hence enhancing the recombination and device performance. In particular, I will highlight a dramatic reduction of turn-on voltages for current and luminance achieved in the single-layer PLED devices up to 1.2um-thick. I will also show other advantages of the ultra-trace electrochemical doping which allows fabrication of large-area devices with homogeneous electroluminescence emission. Our work provides a simple but highly feasible strategy for developing high-quality efficient light applications fully compatible with printing technologies.


For the quantum cohomology of Grassmannians, see [1]. Given integers l, N with 1 6 l 0〈σλ, σμ, σν∨〉d q σν , where ν ∨ is the partition dual to ν. Let ζ be a primitive Nth root of (−1). Put K = Q(ζ), k = N − l and let Λ = Z[e1, e2, . . . ] be the (graded) ring of symmetric functions, where ei is the ith elementary symmetric function. Let hi be the ith complete symmetric function. Putting E(t) = P eit , H(t) = P hit , we have E(−t)H(t) = 1. The result of applying a symmetric function σ to a tuple (x1, . . . , xn) of arguments will be denoted by σ(x1, . . . , xn). Finally, we put Λ ′ = Λ/(el+1, el+2, . . . ), ΛQ = Λ ⊗ Q, ΛQ = Λ ′ ⊗ Q and ΛK = ΛQ ⊗Q K. Theorem 1 (Siebert–Tian [2]). The homomorphism of rings ST: Λ[q]→QH(G,Z) defined by ST (q) = 1 ⊗ q, ST (ei) = ci(S) ⊗ 1 is an epimorphism, and KerST = (el+1, el+2, . . . ;hN−l+1, . . . , hN−1, hN + (−1)q). Let QH(G,Q) = QH(G,Z) ⊗ Q be the rational quantum cohomology ring and let QH(G,Q, 1) denote its specialization for q = 1. Putting I1 = (hN−l+1, . . . , hN−1, hN + (−1)),


This paper will extend the existing absolute quality-of-service (QoS) scheme to a service-differentiated Optical Burst-Switched Network. We will show that the burst loss probability of our service-differentiated model will decrease compared to the previous model [3].


The Korea national blood services has been established since 1970 when the "Blood management law" was enacted. National blood services grew fast through 1980~ 1990 and the voluntary non-remunerated blood donation system was introduced successfully. However, blood-transmissible infections such as HIV, HCV, and HBV were documented since 2000, which compromised the confidentiality of national blood services. In 2004, the Korean government established the? National Blood Safety Plan? for the provision of safe and adequate blood supply. The major measures include the expansion of blood collection centers, improvement of blood screening laboratories, introduction of an investigation and compensation system of blood transfusion-related adverse events, introduction of blood transfusion guidelines and hospital blood services commitment, evolution of a national blood services organization, and the strengthening of national responsibility and support.


In previous work, we developed a deep neural network classifier that only relies on phase-space information to obtain a catalog of accreted stars based on the second data release of Gaia (DR2). In this paper, we apply two clustering algorithms to identify velocity substructure within this catalog. We focus on the subset of stars with line-of-sight velocity measurements that fall in the range of Galactocentric radii and vertical distances . Known structures such as Gaia Enceladus and the Helmi stream are identified. The largest previously unknown structure, Nyx, is a vast stream consisting of at least 200 stars in the region of interest. This study displays the power of the machine-learning approach by not only successfully identifying known features but also discovering new kinematic structures that may shed light on the merger history of the Milky Way.


The changes of physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves and roots of Zizania latifolia and their yields were studied on single-harvested cultivar Jiangshu and double-harvested cultivar Fenghongzao,which were treated with Cd2+ 100 mg·L-1 and different concentrations of sulfate in soil added by organic fertilizer(OF) and inorganic fertilizer(IF) respectively.Meanwhile,the interaction effects among them were investigated as well.The results are as follows.Injury of Cd2+ stress to Zizania latifolia decrease with increasing of the concentration of SO42-.At 2 mmol·L-1 of SO42-,the yield of Zizania latifolia reached the maximum,and then it descended when the concen-tration of SO42-was more than 2 mmol·L-1,but the yield of Zizania latifolia fertilized with SO42-was still higher than that without it.The contents of soluble protein,the activity of the root system and the yield of Zizania latifolia treated with organic fertilizer were higher than those with inorganic fertilizer.There were differences between cultivars.


Abstract Cruciform artifacts made of stone have been reported from a large area in northwestern Mexico and adjoining parts of the United States. These are now being found in considerable numbers in the vicinity of El Paso, Texas. Recent finds near El Paso reveal that some cruciforms were made of bone and others of pottery. Available provenience data suggest that cruciforms were first used in the local preceramic period and continued in use until A.D. 1450.


Companies are exposed to many geo-risks that arise from work done on engineering projects. Companies are also exposed to other geo-risks that are not specifically related to performance on a project. This paper considers risks that may arise from the characterization of the subsurface conditions and how engineers conceptualize and model these conditions and related uncertainties. The author considers one of the areas of greatest exposure to companies is incorrectly defining the mode(s) of deformation or failure (the conceptual model). In addition, significant risks may arise by doing calculations using models that have not been checked and verified or when the user does not understand the algorithms and model boundary conditions. Business risks can arise from large, long-term projects that may be greater than those on smaller, more limited assignments because of the expanded conditions within the scope of work. Business risks can also arise from events that are rare, have extreme impacts, and are unpredictable or extremely difficult to predict. Some risks associated with changing legal interpretations are noted and risks associated with working in different states, countries and from different offices are discussed. The limitations and business risks for companies that have project opportunities in OFAC counties is also discussed.


The risk of excessive bleeding and thrombotic complications coexist in cirrhotic patients due to synthetic reduction in both pro and anticoagulants. However, investigators suggest the prevalence and consequences of thrombotic complications are underestimated. There is convincing evidence that thrombosis causes worsening portal hypertension, hepatic fibrosis and increases patient mortality. New evidence is emerging about the benefits of treating and preventing thrombotic complications in patients with liver disease. In the absence of welldesigned trials, clinical experience has become the most consistent guide to choose and dose anticoagulant drugs in this patient population. Practical use of anticoagulants however, is hindered by the lack of simple methods to monitor drug effect. In this review, we present a concise appraisal of current evidence on the most commonly studied indications for anticoagulation in cirrhotic patients. Information about drug action, dosing and monitoring are presented to provide a basis for clinical decision-making. The ongoing challenges in identifying therapeutic targets for treatment and monitoring drug effects are examined to highlight important clinical questions that have not yet been fully addressed.


The original motivation for the study of hook length polynomials was to find a combinatorial proof for a hook length formula for binary trees given by Postnikov, as well as a proof for a hook length polynomial formula conjectured by Lascoux. In this paper, we define the hook length polynomial for plane forests of a given degree sequence type and show that it can be factored into a product of linear forms. Some other enumerative results on forests are also given. Copyright Information: All rights reserved unless otherwise indicated. Contact the author or original publisher for any necessary permissions. eScholarship is not the copyright owner for deposited works. Learn more at http://www.escholarship.org/help_copyright.html#reuse Hook Length Polynomials for Plane Forests of a Certain Type Fu Liu Department of Mathematics, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA email@example.com Received January 21, 2007 AMS Subject Classification: 05A15, 05A19 Abstract. The original motivation for the study of hook length polynomials was to find a combinatorial proof for a hook length formula for binary trees given by Postnikov, as well as a proof for a hook length polynomial formula conjectured by Lascoux. In this paper, we define the hook length polynomial for plane forests of a given degree sequence type and show that it can be factored into a product of linear forms. Some other enumerative results on forests are also given. The original motivation for the study of hook length polynomials was to find a combinatorial proof for a hook length formula for binary trees given by Postnikov, as well as a proof for a hook length polynomial formula conjectured by Lascoux. In this paper, we define the hook length polynomial for plane forests of a given degree sequence type and show that it can be factored into a product of linear forms. Some other enumerative results on forests are also given.


This project focuses on the urban proposal to consolidate a logistics platform associated with a multimodal port
located in the city of Puerto Berrio that allows the development of a mobility triad that optimizes the transport of raw
materials in the country. It is proposed that from the reconstruction of the port of loading of Puerto Berrio that is
modified in operation with the implementation of a dock, a point of interaction with the other strategic zones of the
country will be generated in economic and commercial terms. The proposal includes the adaptation of main roads,
modification of the airport and the construction of a passenger port. It is estimated that the benefits of the
construction of the mentioned areas not only generate economic benefits derived from the transport of materials,
but there is a significant reduction in the carbon footprint generated by road transport.


This chapter considers the three broad issues that Quan Deyu's question raises. It argues, first, that while the Zhouli retained a high status throughout the Tang, scholars adopted a cautious attitude to its archaic picture of the ideal state. Second, the chapter argues that there was, nonetheless, one discrete area of Tang administration in which the Zhouli was influential, namely state ritual. Though again the Zhouli was never the exclusive authority for Tang rituals, it functioned with other Confucian canonical texts, interpreted by the commentarial tradition, to supply an important sanction for prescriptions. It suggests that the Zhouli had a substantial role in maintaining one of the Tang state ritual code's historically most important features: its resistance to Buddhist or popular Daoist intrusion. Keywords: Confucian canonical text; Quan Deyu; Tang; Zhouli


Subtitle: Making money in trucking has more to do with the trailer and what's in it than trucker conversation would make one believe. Proper cargo securement isn't just about safety and compliance; it's about protecting your bottom line.


Malnutrition is a state of less nourished caused by low consumption of energy and protein in the daily diet that make children weight under normal weight in appropriate age (W/A <-2SD). The prevalence of malnutrition in children under five years in Indonesia based on W/A showed an increase from 17.9% in 2010 to 19.6% in 2013. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship of income, infectious diseases and mothers knowledge with the incidence of malnutrition in Glugur Darat Public Health Center in 2014. This research is an observational study with cross sectional approach. Samples are 97 children taken by simple random. The research instrument used is a questionnaire and the meter measuring tool. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed using the chi square test with 95% CI. The results showed there was 63 children (65%) well-nourished and 34 children (35%) less nourished. The highest proportion of respondent are under MSE revenue (59%), infectious diseases (82%) and good knowledge of mothers (88%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant association between income (p = 0.030), infectious disease (p = 0.027), and the knowledge of the mother (p = 0.014) with the nutritional status of children. Based on the results of the study suggested to the mothers who have children with malnutrition status routinely bring their children to posyandu so that the children's weight monitored regularly to improve the nutritional status of children and to prevent malnutrition in children.


collaboration ELMN and DN designed the study. and OB the experimental design, the practical realization of RT, ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of mycorrhizal fungi to rapidly colonize roots of host plants and to predict their competitive advantage over native strains. Different concentrations of quercetin and pectinase were used to stimulate hyphal growth and to determine the germination rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in a Petri dish. The best strains were used to inoculate two host plants under green house conditions in the presence of high concentrated polyphenol and enzyme. The essays were carried out in the laboratory of biotechnology center; University of Yaounde I. Five strains of AMF from Cameroonian's soils were identified and compared with exotic strain. Water agar 0.7% was mixed with three different concentrations of quercetin (0, 2.5 and 5 µM) and pectinase (0, 1.6 and 3.2 units/ml). Nicotiana tabacum and Calopogonium mucunoides were used to determine the root colonisation percent of AMF and shoot biomass after inoculation. Results showed that for most species of AMF, 5% quercetin and 3.2 units/ml of pectinase significantly stimulate in vitro spore germination and hyphal growth. Treatment combining quercetin and pectinase could lead to a synergetic effect on mycorrhizal symbiosis and plant performance. These compounds which can modify the symbiosis physiology may be of great importance in the regulation of plant and soil microbe interaction. They could also contribute in stimulating the growth of these strict biotrophic fungi under in vitro culture , and to enhance an increase in plant biomass.


The objective of research is to describe the application of Teams
Accelerated Instruction (TAI) type of cooperative learning model to improve the
students' competency achievement in accounting learning.
This study employed a class action research approach. The object of
research was the students of grade XI IPS of SMA Negeri 4 Surakarta as many as
40 students. The research was conducted in the collaboration of researcher,
classroom teacher, and involved the students' participation. The implementation
of action in the research was conducted by providing the stimulus first by the
researcher to the classroom teacher. Techniques of collecting data employed were
observation, interview, and test. The research procedure encompassed: (1)
problem identification, (2) preparation, (3) action plan arrangement, (4) action
implementation, (5) observation, and (6) report writing. The research process was
done in two cycles, each of which consisted of four stages: (1) action plan, (2)
action implementation, (3) observation and implementation, and (4) analysis and
reflection. Each cycle was conducted in four meetings, each of which is 2 x 45
minutes in duration.
Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that there is an
improvement of accounting learning quality (both process and result) through the
application of TAI type of cooperative learning approach. It is reflected by the
following indicators: (1) students seem to be enthusiastic and vigorous in
attending the accounting subject seen from the improvement of their competency,
(2) students seems to be highly motivated to pay attention to the subject given by
the teacher and active in their participation in teaching-learning activity, (3)
cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects can be established through the
intensive discussion in group, (4) students have more confidence in presenting his
work in front of the class, and (5) teacher is able to give the accounting learning
method with new nuance. It can be seen from the increased final and average
classroom values from the Cycle I to Cycle II. Such improvement occurs after the
teacher conducts the following efforts: (1) the application of cooperative learning
model with teams accelerated instruction method in the learning implementation,
(2) teacher makes new innovation in delivering the accounting subject using
teams accelerated instruction method conducted by the students, and (3) teacher
makes the students effective in their learning through an intensive discussion with
teacher's active guidance so that the students more cooperative in the teaching-
learning activity.


Dalia Abdalkader Shakur*1, Mustafa G. Alabbassi2, Waad Mohameed Salih3, Haider RaheemMohammad4 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq 2College of Pharmacy, Alkafeel University (Ministry of Higher education and scienti ic research), Najaf, Iraq 3Central pediatric teaching hospital, Ministry of Health, Iraq 4Department of Clinical pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq


In this paper several problems of direct popular decisions are discussed. In the first part, we consider problems related to the functioning of direct democracy. It makes only sense as a political system if it is a continuous process and if not only sometimes single questions are brought to a referendum. Then, the relation between direct democracy and the unanimous rule is discussed, a subject of special relevance ro the European Union, before we consider the role of quorums. In the second part, some areas are considered where conflicts might arise. The results of initiatives might be incompatible with individual human rights or might endanger fiscal sustainability, and referenda might impede economic reforms. All these problems do, however, not justify a general rejection of direct popular rights. Thus, we conclude by listing several points that should be observed in order to safeguard the well functioning of direct democracy.


The purpose of this work is to investigate the possibility of exploiting the low-temperature thermal energy released from marine propulsion engines by an Organic Rankine Cycle system (ORCs) and determine an optimal design of such a system for a particular engine as an example. At first, taking into consideration thermodynamic properties of several fluids and regulations applicable in the marine environment, proper organic Rankine fluids are selected for further consideration. Alternative system configurations with different fluids are assessed with a multi-criteria approach based on performance indexes. The system with the highest value of the Composite Performance Indicator is further studied. The optimal synthesis, design and operation is determined with maximization of the Net Present Value as the objective function. The optimization problem is solved with a combination of a Genetic Algorithm and a Sequential Quadratic Programming Algorithm. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is performed with respect to important parameters. It is interesting to note how the optimal synthesis (configuration) of the system changes automatically with changing operation profile of the propulsion engine. The presentation closes with suggestions for further work.


This paper deals with the standard periodic Riccati differential equation. A complete necessary and sufficient condition is presented for the existence of Hermitian periodic positive definite (HPPD) solution. Precisely, after a proper change of basis in the state space the condition can be expressed in terms of the notions of stabilizability and detectability. Moreover, it is shown that when an HPPD solution exists, it is either unique, or else there are uncountably many such solutions. The result of the paper can be considered as a valid extension of Richardson and Kwong's result to the periodic version.


In order to realize data mining through map/reduce based on key/value pairs,the way of processing the many-to-many corresponding relationship between the data set and the pattern set is adopted.For some of the more complex types of pattern,the pattern set is so large because of combinatorial explosion that the corresponding relationship cannot always be processed directly by the map/reduce.Therefore a way of pattern space is proposed to convert the problem of processing the many-to-many corresponding relationship between the date set and the pattern set to the problem of processing the many-to-many corresponding relationship between the data set and the set of the sub-pattern sets.At the same time,the scheduling mechanisms of the map/reduce cluster and the way of organizing the key/value pairs is improved to enhance the ability of map/reduce to execute pattern mining tasks.The results show that higher parallelism is achieved on map/reduce clusters by using this idea than the map/reduce of the traditional algorithm in mining some of the more complex types of pattern.


The Photo-Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) has been recently introduced [1, 2] as a powerful tool to detect image forgeries. In spite of its effectiveness in many scenarios, the proposed method fails to detect small manipulations. In this work we propose a modified version of the detection algorithm described in [2], based on a preliminary segmentation of the image, which guarantees a better detection performance for small size additive forgeries.


Whole body hematocrit/large vessel hematocrit (WBH/LVH ratio) has been examined in 21 normotensive and 35 hypertensive subjects and found to be the same, presumably as an expression of a uniform distribution of the blood volume in the two groups. Moderate renal impairment, the degree of the retinopathy, or the height of the diastolic blood pressure do not seem to influence the ratio figures.

The WBH/LVH ratio was examined during treatment with various hypotensive drugs. A significant increase in the ratio was demonstrated during the influence of a single effective intravenous dose of pentolinium. Similar results were obtained during short-term treatment with guanethidine alone and during long-term treatment with guanethidine and hydrochlorothiazide.

Treatment with hydrochlorothiazide alone caused an increase in ratio after one week and after three months, but these increases were not significant.

The possible causes of these alterations in the WBH/LVH ratio are discussed. The advantage of employing a double isotope technique in preference to a quicker single isotope technique has been analyzed in relation to the determination of the total blood volume in patients during treatment with hypotensive drugs.


Segmentation is an important aspect of medical image processing. For improving the accuracy in the detection of tumour and improving the speed of execution in segmentation, a new genetic-based genetic algorithm with fuzzy initialisation and seeded modified region growing (GFSMRG) method with back propagation neural network (BPNN) is proposed and presented in this paper. The proposed system consists of four steps: pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. The GFSMRG method and its components, feature extraction and classification are explained in detail. The performance analysis of the GFSMRG method with respect to accuracy and time complexity are also discussed. The performance of this method has been validated both quantitatively and qualitatively by using the performance metrics such as Similarity Index, Jaccard Index, Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy.


INTRODUCTION COVID-19-associated stigma among healthcare workers was reported in multiple studies during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Validated scales to explore COVID-19-associated stigma among healthcare workers were not available during the early phases of the pandemic. The objective of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of the newly formed COVID-19-associated stigma scale, specifically its factor structure, and to assess COVID-19-related stigma among healthcare workers. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study among a convenience sample of healthcare workers from India using online self-report questionnaire designed in Google Forms. A stigma scale was prepared based on the questionnaire used to study stigma among nursing staff during the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak. RESULTS The present study received 662 complete responses, out of which 61.6% of respondents had significant COVID-19-associated stigma. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the structural validity of the stigma scale. The principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues were >1 for five extracted factors, explaining 72.79% of the total variance. The factor reliability (Cronbach α ) was 0.843. The results show that the studied stigma scale is valid for assessing COVID-19-associated stigma among healthcare workers.


While the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) implementing regulations focus on describing ''What'' must be done, they provide surprisingly little direction on ''how'' such requirements are to be implemented. Specific implementation of these requirements has largely been left to the discretion of individual agencies. More than a quarter of a century after NEPA's enactment, few rigorous tools, techniques, or methodologies have been developed or widely adopted for implementing the regulatory requirements. In preparing an Environmental Impact Statement, agencies are required to conduct a public scoping process to determine the range of actions, alternatives, and impacts that will be investigated. Determining the proper scope of analysis is an element essential in the successful planning and implementation of future agency actions. Lack of rigorous tools and methodologies can lead to project delays, cost escalation, and increased risk that the scoping process may not adequately capture the scope of decisions that eventually might need to be considered. Recently, selected Value Engineering (VE) techniques were successfully used in managing a prescoping effort. A new strategy is advanced for conducting a pre-scoping/scoping effort that combines NEPA with VE. Consisting of five distinct phases, this approach has potentially wide-spread implications in the way NEPA, and scoping in particular, is practiced.


The purpose of this article is to explore the value of film for illustrating two contrasting views of the religious experience. Using two of my favorite films (Pi and The Apostle), I outline the contemplative and the existential visions of the religious experience, and I proceed to show how I have used these films in my courses. Centering predominately on the Jewish and Christian traditions, figures mentioned throughout include Soren Kierkegaard, Meister Eckhart, and Rabbi Nahman of Bratslav.


Alex Jadad and Laura O'Grady's call for a debate on the definition of health has stimulated fascinating responses to both their editorial (doi:10.1136/bmj.a2900) and their blog (http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2008/12/10/alex-jadad-on-defining-health). I particularly like Richard Smith's response to the blog, in which he suggests that health is "the capacity to do what matters most to you" (http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2009/01/05/richard-smith-can-poetry-define-health).

Two other responses appear in this week's Letters. Peter Mansfield recalls the Peckham experiment in London in the 1930s and 1940s, which aimed to investigate the nature of health (doi:10.1136/bmj.b83). An expanded vision of health is unlikely to come from within medicine, he says. "Economic and …


This paper gives examples of current studies at The University of Queensland on the mechanical properties of partially saturated granules. These properties have been have been studied by uniaxial and diametric compression using as a base the methodology developed by Iveson and coworkers at Newcastle University. 15 formulations with varying mean powder size, particle shape, liquid binder viscosity and adhesive tension were tested. The effect of process parameters - liquid saturation of the pellet pores, and strain rate were also investigated. The peak flow stress during uniaxial compression is a strong function of granule saturation. Increasing the saturation reduces the Capillary number at which transition from capillary force (strain rate independent) controlled to viscous dissipation (strain rate dependent) controlled granule strength occurs. At some values of Ca the granule strength is increased by an order of magnitude as saturation is increased from 39% to 69%. Failure mode in diametrical compression varied widely for different formulations from nearly brittle behaviour to completely plastic squeeze flow. Implications for modelling granulation rate processes are discussed.


According to the NCEC's requirement for BIM applications,this article proposed a project management framework which integrates model document and project construction data. It can not only store massive BIM file generated during project construction,but also achieve BIM based multi-stakeholder project management.


OMNIgene•GUT is an all-in-one system for the easy self-collection and stabilization of microbial DNA from feces/stool for gut microbiome profiling. OMNIgene•GUT is uniquely able to take a snapshot of the microbial profile at the moment of collection, and maintain it for 60 days at ambient temperature. In this paper, we demonstrate that profiles of gut microbiota collected in OMNIgene•GUT are stable, highly reproducible and represent the in vivo state.


The presence of numerous animals and plants' names in the New Testament, often accompanied by descriptions of their characteristics, is caused by the fact that the Jesus often used the language of imagery to present the revealed truths to their contemporary listeners. At the same time, it is essential to emphasize the fact that this rich natural world is for the Master of Nazareth just a tool used to translate God's address into human language. For this reason, the knowledge of the animal symbolism in the Holy Writ allows for the accurate understanding of the pericope. In the New Testament we can also come across descriptions in which Christ refers to animal lives in order to illustrate his teachings about poverty and wealth. The following words of Jesus can serve as an example: "Foxes have dens and birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to rest his head" (Mt 8:20). Jesus also reached for bird images in his teachings about these issues: "Look at the birds in the sky; they do not sow or reap, they gather nothing into barns, yet your heavenly Father feeds them" (Mt 6:26).These words clearly show that those who listened to Jesus had to be familiar with those animals, especially with the way they fed and built their nests. The Jesus description of clothes moths shows the insignificance of earthly riches. The destruction of clothes by the moth in the Bible lands was not an occasional or incidental occurrence, but something which, in the given time, was bound to happen. As recorded in the words of Christ: "Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal" (Mt 6:19 and Lu 12:33).


Remote sensing (RS) technologies provide a diagnostic tool that can serve as an early warning system, allowing the agricultural community to intervene early on to counter potential problems before they spread widely and negatively impact crop productivity. With the recent advancements in sensor technologies, data management and data analytics, currently, several RS options are available to the agricultural community. However, the agricultural sector is yet to implement RS technologies fully due to knowledge gaps on their sufficiency, appropriateness and techno-economic feasibilities. This study reviewed the literature between 2000 to 2019 that focused on the application of RS technologies in production agriculture, ranging from field preparation, planting, and in-season applications to harvesting, with the objective of contributing to the scientific understanding on the potential for RS technologies to support decision-making within different production stages. We found an increasing trend in the use of RS technologies in agricultural production over the past 20 years, with a sharp increase in applications of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) after 2015. The largest number of scientific papers related to UASs originated from Europe (34%), followed by the United States (20%) and China (11%). Most of the prior RS studies have focused on soil moisture and in-season crop health monitoring, and less in areas such as soil compaction, subsurface drainage, and crop grain quality monitoring. In summary, the literature highlighted that RS technologies can be used to support site-specific management decisions at various stages of crop production, helping to optimize crop production while addressing environmental quality, profitability, and sustainability.


This text summarized the practice experience of new village construction in Jiangsu after the China reconstruction open,that is developing villages-towns enterprises,building towns,transferring rich remaining work force of village,and advancing the agriculture industry turn.This text generalized the path that the integrative development of countryside and city,the industry Re-feeding agriculture,city arouses the village,and new village construction after 16 representative's conferences in Jiangsu.New power of new village construction is the boost and backing of state,government sector and city.That is dual role of village inner part and exterior help.The social resource install must reasonable repartition between the city and country.Tilt to one side toward the village.This text bring forward the goal and new way of thinking of new village construction in Jiangsu.


The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a new countrylocated in Middle East on the Arabian Gulf. For centuries the area was known as the Trucial States, being made up of small emirates. In 1971, a Federation of States was created and the UAE was born. Since that time, revenues from oil have been used to modernize the emirates and develop the country into one of the most advanced in the Middle East. To lessen dependency on oil revenues, the various emirates developed a tourist industry that has flourished since the 1980s. Today, millions of people, travelers, businessmen, industrialists, sportsmen, and others have found the UAE to be a beautiful and interesting place to visit and to do business. During the last decade, each emirate has built a variety of attractions and accommodations for tourists. Five star hotels exist in every major city. Parks, museums, golf courses, exhibition halls, horse and camel racing tracks, and many other tourist attractions have been built. The purpose of this study was to review the tourism industry as it currently exists in the UAE today. Recommendations have been made to establish a Ministry of Tourism in the Federation instead of each emirate having


Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded small RNAs (EBERs) are polyA–, non‐coding RNAs that are expressed abundantly in all forms of cells latently infected with EBV. EBERs (EBER1 and EBER2) contribute to the clonal proliferation of EBV‐negative Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells in soft agar, tumorigenicity in SCID mice, up‐regulation of the bcl‐2 oncoprotein, resistance to apoptosis, and maintenance of malignant phenotypes in BL cells. EBERs induce the expression of interleukin (IL)‐10 in BL cells, insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐I) in gastric and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, IL‐9 in T cells, and IL‐6 in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Additionally, each of these cytokines acts as an autocrine growth factor. In BL cells, EBERs bind the double‐stranded RNA‐activated protein kinase PKR, inhibit its phosphorylation, and thereby prevent IFN‐α‐mediated apoptosis. In epithelial cells, EBERs confer resistance to Fas‐mediated apoptosis by blocking PKR activity. EBERs form complexes with PKR, ribosomal protein L22, lupus erythematosis‐associated antigen (La), and retinoic acid‐inducible gene I (RIG‐I). In BL cells, EBERs activate RIG‐I signaling and induce the expression of type‐I IFNs and interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) through the activation of RIG‐I substrates, nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), and IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF‐3), and anti‐inflamatory cytokine IL‐10 through IRF‐3 but not NF‐κB signaling. EBERs also play critical roles in the growth transformation of B lymphocytes. Although EBER1 and EBER2 exhibit similarities in their primary (54%) and secondary structures, recent findings have shown that recombinant EBVs carrying only the EBER2 gene play a greater role in the growth transformation of B lymphocytes than EBVs carrying only the EBER1 gene. Thus, EBERs play multiple roles in various cell types, and we present a model that highlights the functions of EBERs in EBV‐mediated oncogenesis in BL cells. (Cancer Sci 2009)


A detailed approach to the complex hopping transport in organic semiconductors is presented and used to describe experimental data from Maennig et al. [Phys. Rev. B 64, 195208 (2001)] on the effect of doping on conductivity, mobility and thermopower. In this approach, the energetic distribution of the charge carriers in a Gaussian shaped density of states (DOS) is calculated under thermal equilibrium conditions and compared to the energetic distribution of the current. The description is based on the Miller–Abraham model for hopping in a disordered material and utilizes the so-called transport energy concept. To include also the case of higher electron concentrations in the tail states of the DOS the Fermi distribution was taken into account. Furthermore, additional trap states in the gap are considered to describe the experimental data at low doping concentration more correctly. In the framework of the model there is no indication of a thermally activated ionization of the dopants. In contrast to other descriptions, the position of the Fermi energy and transport energy are calculated from the model. It is demonstrated that the principal behavior of the transport parameter can be well explained in terms of classical semiconductor physics.


Author(s): Wang, Meng | Advisor(s): Marcus, Philip Steven | Abstract: Without instabilities, the gas in the protoplanetary disk around a forming protostar remains in orbit rather than falling onto the protostar and completing its formation into a star. Moreover without instabilities in the fluid flow of the gas, the dust grains within the disk's gas cannot accumulate, agglomerate, and form planets. Keplerian disks are linearly stable by Rayleigh's theorem because the angular momentum of the disk increases with increasing radius. This has led to the belief that there exists a large region in protoplanetary disks, known as the dead zone, which is stable to pure hydrodynamic disturbances. The dead zone is also believed to be stable against magneto-rotational instability (MRI) because the disks' cool temperatures inhibit ionization and therefore prevent the MRI.A recent study shows the existence of a new hydrodynamic instability called the Zombie Vortex Instability (ZVI), where successive generations of self replicating vortices (\textit{zombie vortices}) may fill the disk with turbulence and destabilize it. The instability is triggered by finite amplitude perturbations, including weak Kolmogorov noise, in stratified (with Brunt-Vasala frequency N) flows, rotating with angular velocity and shear.So far there are no observational evidences of the Zombie Vortex Instability and there are very few laboratory experiments of stratified plane Couette flow with background rotation in the literature.We perform systematic simulations exploring existence of Zombie Vortex Instability in terms of control parameters (Reynolds number, shear, rotation and stratification). We present a parameter map showing two regimes where ZVI occurs, and interpret the physics that determines the boundaries of the two regimes. We also discuss the effects of viscosity and the existence of a threshold for $Re$. Our study on viscous effect, parameter map and its underlying physics provide guidance for designing practical laboratory experiments in which ZVI could be observed.


The effects of the inlet casing configurations on unsteady cavitation were examined with a 3-bladed inducer. The inlet flow and cavitation pattern in two different casings were visualized using PIV (particle image velocimetry) and high-speed video. It was found that the rotating cavitation would be suppressed when the tip clearance at the inducer inlet was increased. The vortex cavitation in tip leakage flow and cavitation in back flow is considered to affect the appearance of the rotating cavitation by the inlet casing configuration.


The Laurentian Great Lakes as a beachhead and a gathering place for biological invasions John D. Rothlisberger* and David M. Lodge 1 United States Forest Service, Eastern Region, Milwaukee, WI, 53202 USA 2 Environmental Change Initiative and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556 USA E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com (JDR), email@example.com (DML) *Corresponding author Received: 2 May 2013 / Accepted: 26 August 2013 / Published online: 14 October 2013 Handling editor: Vadim Panov


Studies of the discursive construction of American national identity have tended toward one of two approaches: They have focused on representations of America alone, or have looked abroad to see how America is represented in relation to a narrow, often evil, "other." This paper focuses its attention more broadly, considering the role that foreigners—not just leaders, but foreign citizens of all stripes—play in the construction of American national identity. By examining every mention of foreign leaders, military troops, and citizens in presidents' State of the Union addresses over eight decades—683 mentions in all—we begin to illuminate where and how foreigners fit into the identity construction process.


In this article I argue against the idea that actions are to be morally judged only for the motive or intention out of which the agent performed or intended to perform the action. Particularly, I put forward different cases by which I discuss the contrast between will or intention and consequences; between negligence and decisions under uncertainty, and outcomes; between deliberate and inadvertent acts; and bet ween intention and action; aiming to show the additional role played by each pair's second element in determining the deserved moral judgment.


We discuss models of computing that are beyond classical. The primary motivation is to unearth the cause of non-classical advantages in computation. Completeness results from computational complexity theory lead to the identification of very disparate problems, and offer a kaleidoscopic view into the realm of quantum enhancements in computation. Emphasis is placed on the "power of one qubit" model, and the boundary between quantum and classical correlations as delineated by quantum discord. A recent result by Eastin on the role of this boundary in the efficient classical simulation of quantum computation is discussed. Perceived drawbacks in the interpretation of quantum discord as a relevant certificate of quantum enhancements are addressed.


The Lincoln to Boston Marathon is an event I have always wanted to take part in since I joined Bradford Rowing Club in 1973 as its first female rower.


The General Counsel's decision to file a complaint in the Boeing case was an appropriate response to a major industrial decision that posed new questions about how to resolve a central tension in the National Labor Relations Act. On the one hand, the Act protects concerted activity by employees to enhance their wages and working conditions, while, on the other hand, the Act maintains the freedom of employers to make important capital allocation decisions. Resolution of this tension requires drawing a fine line, on the basis of a series of Supreme Court decisions, between legal capital allocations that are implemented to protect the employer from the effects of future strikes, and illegal capital allocations that are implemented to retaliate against employees for engaging in past strikes in order to discourage future strikes. Illegal retaliatory capital allocations may include some that do not result in an immediate reduction of employment opportunities.


Even though the new instructional supervision practices materialized in the schools level, teachers were not  properly supported well, so that the students achievements was decreasing in national exams than before as the regional grade report documents revealed and quality is deteriorating from time to times. Hence, the main objective of this study is explore the practice of instructional supervision and interaction of teachers and supervisors at Wolaita zone Administration elementary and secondary schools and to see the nexus between the practices and quality education. Cross sectional survey type research design were instrumental. The research approach was quantitative dominant qualitative. Questionnaire (5 Likert scale items), Key informant interview and document analysis were employed as data collection instruments. To check internal consistency reliability Cronbach's Alpha with value of r=0.852. The schools were selected through cluster sampling technique; availability sampling for woreda supervision head and cluster supervisors', moreover purposive sampling technique for school leaders. Simple random sampling was employed to select the teachers'. Based on this technique, a total of 229 respondents were taken and the sample size determination focuses on 95 % confidence level and within 5 % confident limit. One way ANOVA were used to see the variations between and within groups by considering its assumptions. Moreover, binary logistic regression model adopted to determine the relationship between a binary dependent variable and a set of independent variables at Beta label (β). Chi-squared test were also used to see the relationship between two categorical variables.  From the study it is possible to conclude that, even though the instructional supervision require cooperative work, the sample schools were not found to be working mutually and the practice also lacks regular and continuous support to teachers in the ways to improve teaching learning methods and improving students' performance, lacks appropriate guidelines and resources and no standardized data collection instrument to collect information at the time of instructional supervision, the involvement of stakeholders were insignificant. The study also reveals statistically significant relationship between instructional supervision, supervisors and teachers relation, stakeholders involvement with quality education.  Thus, to the effective practices of instructional supervision at respective schools the researcher recommended different strategic pillars. Keywords : Instructional Supervision, Supervisors, Teachers, Quality, Education, Stakeholders,


: Energy conservation has been a major concern in India as well as the whole world. To reduce the power consumption in different fields various types of research and development are going on. One of the major concern is to reduce domestic electric power consumption. In order to reduce power consumption in this field daily household appliances such as AC and Refrigerator which consume more power has to be modified. In this paper we are discussing about the reduction in power consumption of an AC by designing it to cool only the required bed area. This overall reduces the power consumption by more than half of what a normal AC consumes and allows the people for a comfortable sleep. This system is also designed in such a way that it can be easily detachable and transportable including the bed and gets fitted at the minimum time. Moritoa et.al [3] have studied that a greater air flow velocity of disrupted human being rests a lot more then reduce air velocity of airflow. The experimenthad been carried out to determine the impact on sleep of varying airflow velocities from air flow conditioner, using 10 healthful youthful males as subject. The mean air temperature, comparative moisture, and mean glowing heat in the rooms with both atmosphere conditioner were 26.4(0.7) C, 58(7) %, and 26.3(1.3) C, and 26.4(0.7) C, 53(6) %, and 26.1(0.6) C for [A] and [T], respectively. The typical (SD) speed of airflow was in fact 0.14(0.25) m/s and 0.04(0.07) m/s for [A] and [B], correspondingly.The optimum surroundings velocity over the bed inside the areas and the figure of times the airflow produces in the air conditioner [A] had been 1.1 m/s and 28 occasion per evening, respectively, and 0.3m/fine sand 11 instances per night, correspondingly, with the air conditioner [B]. Many of the outcomes did not display a large difference in the total quantity of period during each rest level, or a major difference in the switch of both mean skin and rectal temps between [A] and [C]; these were statistically examined throughout commonly used strategies. The topics considerably experienced even more of the air flow and cooler at [A] than at [B] although comfort feeling does not really vary significantly. When an additional evaluation of the simultaneity of air flow and physiological reaction experienced been performed, the number of moments body motion, the quantity of times heart price improved and the number of situation some sleep phases transformed to the stage of wakefulness due to differing airflow in [A] had been considerably higher than those in [W].


Abstract The use of an 'internal' oxidant contained within a directing group has emerged as a practical strategy in metal-catalyzed direct C–H activations in recent years, owing to its being highly sustainable. This review presents the rapid advances of this novel strategy through analyzing and comparing the different types of internal oxidant in transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation reactions. 1 Introduction 2 The N–O Bond as Internal Oxidant 2.1 The O-Linked Moiety as Leaving Group 2.1.1 N-Oxide 2.1.2 N-Acyloxy 2.1.3 Oxime 2.1.4 N-Methoxy or N-Hydroxy 2.1.5 N-Pivaloyloxy or O-tert-Butyloxycarbonyloxy 2.1.6 Miscellaneous 2.2 The N-Linked Moiety as Leaving Group 3 The N–N Bond as Internal Oxidant 4 The N–S Bond as Internal Oxidant 5 The S–Cl Bond as Internal Oxidant 5 The Si–H Bond as Internal Oxidant 6 Conclusion


Summary The reaction of two silylating agents (TMSIM, TMS-acetamide) on softwood (white fir) and hardwood (beech) is examined. As proved by means of FTIR microscopy, silylation takes place at the outer surface as well as the inner surface. The FTIR spectroscopical features of both softwood and hardwood remain unchanged. Scanning electron microscopy provides additional evidence that the inner surface is also successfully silylated. Furthermore, the anatomical characteristics of the silylated wood species are not changed. No inorganic elements except silicon could be detected in the EDX-analysis. By means of transmission electron microscopy the reaction site was determined to be on the lumen-faced side of the cell wall. Half of the S2 wall appears to be silylated.


Moral reasoning in clinical decisionmaking does not consist of drawing formal deductions from invariable abstract principles. It requires discerning judgment that weighs the uncertainties, complexities, and probabilities that the facts of a case present and determines how what is known about the case defines the principled basis for resolving whatever questions arise. (1) Reasoning must take account of reality. No set of rules or unified theory can satisfy the demands presented by the facts of a given case, and the unreflecting invocation of a particular principle or a preordained solution can only deadlock any progress in moral theory and real life. Given our constitutional commitment to protect life and liberty, reconciling those values to the realities and uncertainties of human existence is the only way to sustain our way of life (2) and to avoid the tyranny of principles that can make life not worth living. This case demonstrates the inadequcy of reasoning from the theoretical language of rights without strict regard for the facts of the case. It attempts to pit the "right to life" against the "right to liberty" (some would say the "right to die") in the belief that these are irreconcilable, in a situation that may not even warrant the assumption that a genuine controversy exists. It is only when we determine that the facts preclude a choice that upholds both of these rights that we must delve further into the case to determine which facts provide a principled basis for resolving this conflict in a way that gives due respect to each. Based on my review of the facts, my primary conclusion is that the cause presents no real conflict and, accordingly, no justiciable controversy. If additional information establishes that there is a genuine dilemma concerning the consequences of withdrawing Mr. Stevens's feeding tube, I address the factors that need to be considered in order to reach a decision on that question. The Case Mr. Stevens is the victim of an accident that has severely and irreparably injured him. We do not know any details regarding the actual trauma he suffered or whether, and if so what, heroic measures were administered at the accident scene in order to save his life. These facts, as well as a more complete, detailed medical history, would help us place his current situation in a broader context. We would want to know where Mr. Stevens was treated prior to his discharge, e.g., in a head trauma or rehabilitation center, his course of treatment, and the reasons for his discharge. Based on what is presented, I assume that his current condition results from the irreversible effects of anoxia at the time of the accident. Despite the best efforts to restore Mr. Stevens's lost cognitive functioning, it is undisputed that his condition will never improve. He is totally disabled and is permanently dependent on the staff for all of his maintenance. Absent medical opinion to the contrary, there is no reason to doubt the diagnosis or prognosis rendered by the physicians, although the court should inquire into the thoroughness and accuracy of the tests employed by the doctors in reaching their conclusion and examine the medical record to evaluate how his current condition compares with his course of stay. The court should seek further information about the nurses' belief that Mr. Stevens appears to act responsively and volitionally, visiting the patient to observe the behavior that the nurses and Mr. Stevens's eldest daughter attribute to some form of interaction. (3) It is not uncommon to mistake reflexive for volitional action, and we must avoid seeing what is not really there. We would need to know whether such behavior actually occurs and relate what they observe to his condition. Board certified neurologists experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of permanently unconscious patients are best equipped to explain the significance of the patient's movements. …


Two major events, each followed by rather spectacular gains, mark the history of sugarcane variety improvement. First, the discovery of the fertility of sugarcane changed variety work from exploration and importation to crossing and selection. Second, the breeding of P.O. J. 2878, the vigor and disease resistance of wllich is derived from Saccharurn spontaneurn L., converted sugarcane breeders everywhere to using interspecific hybrids and their derivatives. The interims were characterized by changing techniques and by gradually increasing yields. Compared with this slow step-by-step progress in the interims, gains that followed the major changes in sugarcane breeding represent giant strides. Another giant stride is needed. There is no assurance that another major improvement in the potential of sugarcane is possible; but, if it is, it probably will come through a departure from conventional sugarcane breeding. The purpose of this article is to discuss the cytogenetics of interspecific hybridization in sugarcane breeding, and, in so doing, to develop an argument for renewed emphasis on two unconventional approaches to sugarcane improvement. Detailed reviews of sugarcane cytogenetics appear elsewhere3-~,12,1@,20.


Deep learning (DL) has experienced an exponential development in recent years, with major impact in many medical fields, especially in the field of medical image and, respectively, as a specific task, in the segmentation of the medical image. We aim to create a computer assisted diagnostic method, optimized by the use of deep learning (DL) and validated by a randomized controlled clinical trial, is a highly automated tool for diagnosing and staging precancerous and cervical cancer and thyroid cancers. We aim to design a high-performance deep learning model, combined from convolutional neural network (U-Net)-based architectures, for segmentation of the medical image that is independent of the type of organs/tissues, dimensions or type of image (2D/3D) and to validate the DL model in a randomized, controlled clinical trial. We used as a methodology primarily the analysis of U-Net-based architectures to identify the key elements that we considered important in the design and optimization of the combined DL model, from the U-Net-based architectures, imagined by us. Secondly, we will validate the performance of the DL model through a randomized controlled clinical trial. The DL model designed by us will be a highly automated tool for diagnosing and staging precancers and cervical cancer and thyroid cancers. The combined model we designed takes into account the key features of each of the architectures Overcomplete Convolutional Network Kite-Net (Kite-Net), Attention gate mechanism is an improvement added on convolutional network architecture for fast and precise segmentation of images (Attention U-Net), Harmony Densely Connected Network-Medical image Segmentation (HarDNet-MSEG). In this regard, we will create a comprehensive computer assisted diagnostic methodology validated by a randomized controlled clinical trial. The model will be a highly automated tool for diagnosing and staging precancers and cervical cancer and thyroid cancers. This would help drastically minimize the time and effort that specialists put into analyzing medical images, help to achieve a better therapeutic plan, and can provide a "second opinion" of computer assisted diagnosis.


The aim of this research is to chronologically determine the stages of transformation of the Ukrainian book design of the transitional period of the 1980s and 1990s and formulate their characteristics. Research methods. In this work comparative and historical, chronological, iconographic, classificational, comparative and typological methods, as well as the method of art-study analysis were used. Scientific novelty. During the research of the topic, it was established that the Ukrainian book design of the two adjacent decades (1980s and 1990s) was qualitatively different. The book of the 1980's is generally marked by deep artistry, figurative symbolism, a tendency toward creative freedom, man-madeness, and the tradition of graphic techniques and means of expressiveness. Instead, domestic book editions of the 1990's, influenced by various factors, lost their former guidelines for the art of the book, were marked by excellent updated artistic-figurative characteristics. In particular, analyzed artifacts testify to compositional-architectural simplicity, creative «permissiveness», artistic «imporevishment». In addition, it is worthwhile separating the development period of Ukrainian book design in the second half of the 1990's, as it was at this time that its active renewal and revival began through the mastering of computer tools. Conclusions . In Ukraine, during the last two decades of the twentieth century, a dynamic transformative of imagery system of the book took place, confirmed by the flexibility of creative concepts of publishing houses and creative principles of masters of the book, according to the time conditions. It is explained that the transformational process in the Ukrainian book design of this period is expediently divided into three main stages: the preparatory stage , limited by the 1980s, includes complex adjustment of the imaginative system of Ukrainian book to future changes being a result of the artist's suffering from the ideological pressure of power and the attraction to national self-affirmation; the adaptive stage, which lasted conventionally from 1990 to 1995, was mainly formed as a result of the complex gradual mastering of progressive design tools on the background of a new self-awareness of artists; the stabilizing stage , which has been implemented since 1996, finally marking and consolidating numerous modifications in the artistic imagery of book editions (positive, negative and neutral).


BACKGROUND: There are no universally accepted criteria for distinguishing between benign and malignant ovarian masses on the basis of ultrasound findings. Risk of malignancy indices have been proposed, but these methods use complex calculations and study multiple parameters to develop a score. The detection of normal ovarian tissue in the adnexal masses, the ovarian crescent sign, is highlighted as a single ultrasound parameter prejudging the nature of adnexal mass as benign or malignant. It has been reported that absence of the "ovarian crescent sign" is a more sensitive indicator of malignant nature than the risk of malignancy indices. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the presence of normal ovarian tissue adjacent to adnexal masses (the "ovarian crescent sign") could assist in the preoperative differential diagnosis of these masses, and to compare its accuracy with standard biochemical and sonographic indices. METHODS: Sixty four women with adnexal masses were included in this prospective observational study. Serum cancer antigen 125 levels were measured and transvaginal and/or transabdominal ultrasound scans of the adnexae were performed and the tissue adjacent to the mass was examined for the presence of the "ovarian crescent sign". The risk of malignancy index was calculated and all the findings were compared with the final histopathological diagnosis and the accuracy of each test was compared to the others in the form of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. RESULTS: Fifty five out of sixty four women were found to have benign masses, one had a borderline tumor and eight had invasive malignant lesions. Normal ovarian tissue "ovarian crescent sign" was seen in fifty three out of fifty five women with benign lesions but it was not seen in any one of the nine women with malignant lesions. In the absence of the "ovarian crescent sign", ovarian cancer was diagnosed with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96.4%. For the cancer antigen 125 test, the sensitivity was found to be 77.7%, specificity 92.7%; for the Risk of Malignancy Index, sensitivity was 55.6% and specificity was 89.1%. CONCLUSION:


Abstract As the first state to control all the lands bordering the Mediterranean, Rome had the possibility of exploiting their subsistence surpluses to serve its political ambitions. The relative cheapness of sea transport allowed that surplus to be collected and redistributed with equal ease to and from any point around the Mediterranean. Although the city of Rome itself was the most important consumer of this resource, it is argued that Roman expansion into temperate Europe depended as much on the supply of strategic commodities as it did on cash. Flows of goods northwards can be identified in the archaeological record and their importance can be gauged by the way in which pre‐existing and long‐standing trade routes were over‐ridden by them. Use of such subsistence resources on the frontier overcame the problems of gathering food in a land‐locked environment and of regional shortages, allowed the army to concentrate on military affairs and released it from the necessity of over‐exploiting frontier lands.


Each clinical act, whether strictly therapeutic or expert in nature, presupposes an assessment of the credibility of our interlocutor. This necessary and preliminary act becomes all the more important as our doing gets closer to the expert (professional) dimension. But simulating a mental illness or, on the contrary, pretending not to have problems when instead you are afflicted by a psychiatric condition, are all behaviors united by the fact that the subject who carries them out, reports a lie with respect to the real condition, with motivations and purposes that can be completely different. Clinical analysis is the only one that can demonstrate and discriminate the real disorder from those who are not. In light of this, the present work intends to highlight how the simulation of pathology in the expert field is a field that needs further study as it is complex and at the same time rich in phenomena that does not allow an easy solution and which necessarily require the examination of different levels.


President-Elect Dr Kathleen Parker;Secretary Dr Patricia Humbles-Pegues;Historian Dr Vanessa Johnson;Board Members (two elected annually) Dr Gloria McNeal and Dr Lucindra Campbell-Law;and Nominating Committee Members (two elected annually) Dr Rowena Elliott and Dr Karen Alexander [ ]her research efforts continually focus on capturing opportunity for physical and mental health improvement among older adults and families in the face of chronic diseases including cancer through a health promotion perspective The combination of teaching skill, mentorship of masters' and doctoral students, community engagement, integrity, problem-solving, and leadership qualities form the professionalism with which Dr Smith approaches teaching, service, and research and scholarship


The article analyzes the prospects for the development of a procedural mechanism for bringing forward a criminal claim against a person, subject to resolution on the merits in the course of the trial.
By revealing the true historical reasons contributing to the rooting of the current procedure for bringing in as an accused in the Russian criminal process, the unreliability of the arguments expressed by scientists in support of the abolition or significant reform of this procedure, following the example of Germany and a number of other European states, has been proved. The conclusion is formulated about the possibility of a final resolution of the issues raised in the article, not otherwise than in the context of understanding the general concept of further improvement of the entire system of Russian pre-trial proceedings.


[Outline: Introduction Historic Kathmandu – Urban Culture – Lessons in Ecology and Social Agreements Festivals and Ritual Mediation Valley Towns Today Trends towards Megalopolis – Environmental envelope and Segmented Administration Two capsules of environmental concerns – air, water and land pollution open space and culture – Historic environment and lessons from history Exploring new avenues of Historic Urban Landscape Management – cultural transformation – need of innovation and process development – Is regeneration a viable approach? – Working towards developing new vistas of knowledge – Some points of departure – Conclusion]


A maintenance policy model based on time-variant reliability is put forward upon those mechanical systems which can carry on multiple maintenance in the whole life period, and the recurrence relations of the preventive maintenance intervals and reliability benefits is established. Two kinds of devices, one device's mean time to failure complies with exponential distribution and another device's mean time to failure meets the Weibull distribution, are taken as examples to get the approximate function expressions of the system's maintainability parameters of these devices through the curve fitting for data, analyze the system's maintainability parameters and get the equipment's maintenance policy model based on time-variant reliability. Examples verify the feasibility of the model.


The low and midlatitude thermosphere and ionosphere constitute a tightly coupled dynamic region of the near-Earth environment. This region exhibits strong and complex coupling between charged and neutral species, between different altitudes, and between equatorial and nonequatorial latitudes. The ion and neutral composition and temperature are affected by dynamics, electric and magnetic fields, photochemistry, and geomagnetic and solar forcing. This special section focuses on this region and the remote sensing techniques that are providing the measurements needed to better understand this complex region of the near-Earth space environment.


Objective:To study the relationship of multiple human papillomavirus(HPV) infections in cervical lesion.Methods:The HPV-DNA typing test was performed in 3 155 women,of which 537positive cases underwent colposcopy and pathological examination of cervical biopsy.Results:HPV-DNA typing test showed single HPV infection was 12.80%,and multiple HPV infection was 4.20%.The most common model was double infection.The multiple infection rates increased with the severity of cervical dysplasia(except for cervicitis).Conclusion:Multiple HPV infection is associated with the development of cervical neoplasia.HPV infections testing in etio-logical diagnosis of cervical diseases should be applicated widely.


Due to atomically thin structure, graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (G/hBN) heterostructures are intensively sensitive to the external forces and deformations being applied to their lattice structure. It's been shown that strain can tune electronic properties of G/hBN. Also, moir\'e structures driven by misalignment of graphene and hBN layers introduce new features to the electronic behavior of G/hBN. Specifically, moir\'e patterns can magnify the strain effects. Here, we study the electronic properties of diverse stacking faults of G/hBN with and without the exertion of in-plane strain where the strain is imposed on both layers, simultaneously. Utilizing {\it ab initio} calculation, we observe strain induced valley drifts and band gap modulation. We find that prior to the direction and the magnitude of the strain, these effects are strongly dependent on the miorientational angle of the layers. Moreover, a substantial increase in the band gap, about seven times larger than the unstrained case, is demonstrated to emerge for small non-equibiaxial strain imposition, typically $3\%$.


In the Standard Model the coupling of the top quark to a vector boson is predicted via the weak interaction. New physics beyond the Standard Model can modify the tt̄V cross-section. As an example several of the operators introduced by effective field theory are sensitive to the tt̄Z and tt̄W production cross-sections. Multiple analysis channels with 2, 3 or 4 lepton final-states have been considered in the latest tt̄V cross section measurement by the ATLAS experiment located at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The dominant backgrounds in the analysis are mis-reconstructed leptons and the diboson process, depending on the analysis channel. A two-dimensional fit of the tt̄W and tt̄Z cross-section is performed to interpret possible deviations from the Standard Model.


Values of DELTA R/R relntive changes in charge radius for the majority of Moessbauer nuclei were obtained by combining x-ray and Moessbauer spectra with the method of isomeric shifts in isostructural compounds. Empirical rules for determining the sign of /R values for odd nuclei located outside of regions of deformation. The influence of shell effects on the magnitude of the charge radius of a nucleus was elucidated. The theory of finite Fermi systems in the correct determination of the character of transitions yields the proper signs for DELTA R/R in most cases. (tr-auth)


Injection of radiopaque substances into the vasculature followed by post mortem high resolution X-ray μCT imaging currently remains the primary means for capillary imaging in soft tissue. Commercial contrast agents for in vivo applications are, however, typically small molecular compounds that can easily diffuse across the blood vessel walls, which makes them unsuitable for ex vivo high resolution X-ray μCT imaging. We evaluated the suitability for kidney capillary imaging of the nanoparticle-based blood pool contrast agents Aurovist 15 nm and ExiTron nano 12000, along with the vascular casting resin μAngiofil, by post mortem imaging of whole mouse kidneys with 4-5 μm voxel size using the laboratory source μCT system Nanotom m. Based on the results, we identified specific obstacles to reliable capillary filling in the kidney, which will aid in the development of next-generation X-ray contrast agents and protocols.


In this paper, we introduced a method to modify the Dirichlet series over the Mobius function by progressively eliminating the numbers that first have a prime factor 2, then 3, then 5, ..up to the prime pr. The properties of the new series are analyzed as pr approaches infinity and its relationship to the function and the partial Euler product is established and then used to examine the validity of the Riemann Hypothesis.


This paper seeks to clarify certain theoretical and empirical aspects of the nature of the relationships between political conservatism and religious commitment on the one hand and political and social intolerance on the other. Several conceptual problems associated with previous studies of the topic ate note& and data which circumvent such problems ate analyzed in order to assess more adequately the true nature of the relationships under study.


Amara strenua Zimmermann, 1832 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) is reported for the first time from Switzerland (from Lohningen in the Klettgau region, canton Schaffhausen). This is a rare European species that occurs mainly along the large rivers and their tributaries. It was found in Switzerland in a xerothermic strip of grass on the margin of a field along a field path. According to the literature this is a characteristic species of regularly inundated floodplain grassland. The species was found in Switzerland in a very different type of habitat.


"Death is Life's high mead"1-John KeatsWandering among Vertigo's misty trees, bathed in what Robin Wood describes as "an atmosphere of romantic dream" (115), Hitchcock's Judy/Madeleine accrues the mysticism of a Keatsian femme fatale in this enchantea critic's eyes. After paraphrasing the penultimate question of "To a Nightingale," "Was it a vision, or a waking dream?"2 Wood draws in fact a comparison between her and Lamia, Keats's serpent woman, in terms of their alluring "mysteriousness [as] representative^] of another world" (114) that mere mortals can never comprehend. Wood refrains, however, from pursuing his intriguing VertigoKeats connection, and so have subsequent Vertigo critics3 despite Richard Allen's suggestion that "[o]ne can discover fertile correspondences between Hitchcock's films and works of English romanticism in the romantic-ironic vein" (256). This paper attempts to redress this omission by considering the deeper implications of Wood's and Allen's observations in terms of affinities rather than influences, for despite Vertigo's Keatsian-like vision of existence, Hitchcock never cites Keats as a source of inspiration. Indeed, it can be argued that the Kmzgo-Keats association recalls Harold Bloom's uncanny theory of apophrades or intertextual haunting4 whereby Hitchcock appropriates Judy/ Madeleine's state as he likewise contends with an absent/present shade. When viewed from this Bloomian perspective wherein Keats, like Carlotta Valdes, looms as a pivotal phantom, Vertigo becomes what Gerard Genette would label a "metatextual" film narrative (4) haunted by evocations of Keatsian thematic and stylistic preoccupations. Tne focus of this essay is this overlooked Vertigo-Kents kinship. In this regard I intend to develop Wood's contention that Vertigo's antithetical intermeshing of "the real world and the visionary" evokes Keats's "Lamia or the Nightingale Ode" (114) by exploring the film's existential paradoxism in relation to that which Earl Wasserman terms Keats's "mystic oxymoron" (114).Of Vertigo's crucial paradoxes, the most enigmatic is its verdant vision of mortality. "Green is the colour of death"5 according to Edith Head, the film's costume designer; and Hitchcock adds that it has a kind of "ghostlike quality"6 that he recalls from an unnamed 1905 stage production: "I remember the green light-green for the appearances of ghosts and villains."7 Hitchcock's comment reinforces Peter Wollen's suggestion that Vertigo is "probably best seen as a ghost story, a tale of haunting" (14). Vertigo is clearly anything but a mere mystery thriller, for Hitchcock imbues Gavin Elster's fabrication of the 'haunted' Judy/Madeleine with baffling intimations of a virent possession. Significantly, not only does the 'possessed' Tudy/Madeleine drive a green car on her daily pilgrimage to the Carlotta Valdes sites, but she relives the latter's death by initially jumping into the green waters of San Francisco Bay. Jim Emerson's "verdant Vertigo"8 is evidently an ambivalent study in ghostly green. Still, it seems more thematically revealing to adduce "'To a Nightingale's' verdurous glooms" (208) rather than any Edwardian theatrical entertainment when considering the metaphysical implications of Tom Cohen's disturbing question: "Why is green, supposed signature of nature, here associated with specters?" (147). For what transmutes "vert," the first syllable of the film's title, into Cohen's "tropological vertigo" (150) is Scottie's necrophilic obsession with Judy/Madeleine as Carlotta's phantom-a Hitchcockian liebestod that recalls by its transcendent culmination in the woman's arboreal vanishing the "easeful Death" (208) that the "Nightingale" speaker gleans from his imaginative merging with the singing "Dryacf of the trees" (207). However, this statement can be viewed in truer perspective if we analyze the Giant Redwoods sequence whose 'green death* motif transmutes not only Vertigo's "Nightingale" overtones, but also what Hitchcock retains from his source novel, Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac's D'Entre les Morts, into other oxymoronic realms of Keats's verse. …


Schizophrenia (SZ) and Bipolar disorder (BD) show evidence for partial overlap in phenotypic and genetic influences based on family, twins, adoption and Psychiatric Genetic Consortium (PGC) studies. They have lifetime prevalence of about 1% and 2.4%, and heritability estimates of 60-80% and 40-70%, respectively. In the last decade BD has been investigated using dimensional structuring of psychoses based on symptomatic-functional checklists that provides reliable approach to phenotypic assessment. Recent research suggests moving towards developing Phenotype-based Genetic Association Studies. In this approach, patients will only be put into groups consisting of others with symptoms similar to their own. Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) is statistical technique designed to identify relationships (usually hidden) between two sets of variables. We use CCA to combine genotypic and phenotypic variables and measure correlation between those sets. This analysis estimates canonical correlation between psychotic symptoms measured using validated item check list (OPCRIT), and genome-wide significant (GWS) loci from PGC2 schizophrenia.


Cornell University has proposed an Energy-Recovery Linac (ERL) based synchrotron-light facility which can provide greatly improved X-ray beams due to the high electron-beam quality that is available from a linac. To provide beam currents competitive with ring-based light sources, the linac must operate with energy recovery, the feasibility of which we plan to demonstrate in a downscaled prototype ERL. Here we present two of several 5 GeV ERL upgrade possibilities for the existing 2nd generation light source CHESS at CESR. This proposed upgrade suggests how existing storage rings can be extended to ERL light sources with much improved beam qualities.


Game apparatus comprising: a first game; at least one termination reel in the first game having a plurality of symbols thereon; at least one second game triggering reel in the first game having a plurality of symbols thereon; at least one independently operated second game, each second game of the second game triggering reel associated; and a processor in conjunction with the rollers, to control each of the second games, wherein when one of the predetermined symbols on one of the second game triggering reel occurs, the processor that the second game triggering reel operates associated second game, and wherein, when a termination trigger occurs on at least one of the termination reels, the processor terminates the first game.


The present invention relates to an electrodepositable coating composition, the reaction product of a polymer and a guanidine ring comprising epoxy functional, unreacted phenol and a source, wherein when a current density ≤1.5mA / cm2 is deposited onto a conductive when the base, the amount of the Coulomb electrodepositable coating composition is less than 100 coulomb / g. Also disclosed are methods for producing the coating composition can be electrically deposited.