Seismic processing techniques that are based on multi-parametric traveltimes, albeit providing good imaging and inversion results, carry the burden of much intensive and costly computation effort. That is the case of the multifocusing (MF) and Common-Reflection-Surface (CRS) methods, for which a significant part of the literature is devoted to strategies and algorithms so that various parameters are estimated in an optimal way. In the case of CRS, the traveltimes depend on three and eight parameters in the 2D and 3D situations, respectively. Moreover, the parameter estimation is supposed to be computed at each sample of the zero-offset (ZO) stacked section or volume. In many realdata cases the computational costs are unfeasible. In this work, we propose a so-called Surgical CRS, which consists of the following steps (a) User-selection at a few (picked) points, on an initial (given) CMP stacked section and global exhaustive evaluation of CRS parameters on these points; (b) Interpolation/extrapolation of the obtained CRS parameters to fill out all sample positions that comprise the ZO section or volume to be constructed; (c) Global refinement of CRS parameters using the previously obtained parameter as initial values; (d) Computation of the CRS stack with the refined parameters and finally (e) This process is repeated by adding, subtracting or editing points until a desired result is achieved. The results obtained with this approach were able to produce better stacked sections and reduce its the computational cost. INTRODUCTION Seismic processing, as a rule, consists of a sequence of well-defined steps, in which each of them influences the next. As a consequence, it is natural that each step is carefully controlled, many times with the help of an interpreter. Because of the involved time and costs, a great appeal exists in so-called data-driven procedures that exclude or at least minimize human interference. Best examples in this direction are imaging techniques based on multi-parametric traveltime moveouts, such as the Common-Reflection-Surface (CRS) (e.g., Müller et al., 1997; Jäger et al., 2001; Bergler et al., 2002; Garabito et al., 2001; Duveneck, 2004; Spinner and Mann, 2005; Hertweck et al., 2007; Dell and Vanelle, 2012; Faccipieri et al., 2013; Garabito et al., 2013; Dell et al., 2014; Gelius and Tygel, 2015) and the Multifocus (MF) (e.g., Gelchinsky et al., 1999a,b; Landa et al., 1999; Berkovitch et al., 2008; Landa et al., 2010) methods. At the same time, new multi-parametric moveouts have been also introduced (e.g., Fomel and Kazinnik, 2013; Schwarz et al., 2014) and their application is starting to be be explored (see, e.g., Perroud et al., 2014). In the following, we focus on the CRS method, and introduce a new CRS workflow, referred to as Surgical CRS. As explained below, this workflow is an iterative and interactive process: At each iteration, full estimation of CRS parameters is restricted to a few, carefully (or "surgically ") chosen sample points only. Away from these sample points, the corresponding CRS parameter values are obtained by interpolation or extrapolation procedures. 238 Annual WIT report 2015 The CRS parameter values defined at all samples of the output volume to be constructed, constitute initial values (or guides). For each CRS parameter, the corresponding guide can be roughly interpreted as a low-frequency trend of that parameter. With the help of the guides as initial values and also small deviation windows allowed, global refinement of CRS parameters is performed and a CRS stacked obtained. The interactive part of the process lies on how, in each iteration, the few "surgical"points are selected by manual picking. This is done as follows: In the first step, those points are chosen along clearly defined events on a conventional common-midpoint (CMP) stacked section or volume, supposedly given. At each subsequent step, the surgical points are chosen from CRS-stacked volumes obtained in the previous iteration. This process is repeated (adding, subtracting or editing points) until the desired result is achieved. The main advantage of the proposed workflow is the significative reduction of full parameter estimations, upon them to fewer points of higher interpretative value. A possible drawback is the dependence of manual picks in the selection of those points. The surgical CRS has been applied to a 2D real land dataset. The obtained results were superior in comparison with the conventional techniques (CMP stacking and fully data-driven CRS stacking). The intervention of an interpreter/user to guide the estimation intervals of CRS parameters (locally) was fundamental to achieve these results. Due to the geological content incorporated in the CRS estimation, several artifacts (e.g., so-called CRS worms) have been eliminated. As expected, the processing time required to perform a CRS estimation and stacking was significantly reduced. Besides the above abstract and introduction, the present work comprises the following sections: Brief description of the traveltime operator used in CRS; Detailed, step-by-step explanation of the surgical CRS workflow; Application of the surgical CRS to a real-data example, together with discussion and comparison to available data-driven counterparts. Conclusions, Acknowledgments and References complete the work. CRS OPERATOR The CRS operator represents the traveltime of primary, non-converted, reflection response of an unknown depth reflector due source-receiver pairs arbitrarily located in the vicinity of a reference (central) point. In the 2D situation of a horizontal seismic acquisition line envisaged here, the source-receiver pairs are specified by (scalar) midpoint and half-offset coordinates (m,h). The central point is specified by the coordinates m = m0 and h = 0. Under these conditions, the CRS traveltime represents the moveout for reflections in the vicinity of a (central) zero-offset (ZO) defined by the central point, m0. The 2D CRS operator represents a simple Taylor polynomial of quadratic traveltime (e.g., Jäger et al., 2001), tCRS(m,h) = [t0 + a∆m] 2 +B∆m + Ch , (1) in which ∆m = m−m0 is midpoint displacement with respect to m0 and a = ∂tCRS ∂m , B = ∂tCRS ∂m2 and C = ∂tCRS ∂h2 , (2) all derivatives evaluated at m = m0 and h = 0. It is to be noted that the absence of the linear derivative with respect to h (∂tCRS/∂h = 0) is a consequence of the source-receiver reciprocity of traveltime that follows from the assumption of non-converted reflection rays. It is assumed that the midpoint displacement, ∆m and half-offset, h, are small quantities. These parameters carrie informations that can be related to geophysical attributes (see Equation 3. The parameter a is the slope of the traveltime curve at (m0, t0). It contains information about the emergence angle, β, of the reference (normal) ray, with respect to the normal as well as the local near-surface velocity, v0, at the point m0 at the measurement surface. The parameter C is related to the curvature, KNIP , of a hypothetical wavefront measured at the reference pointm0 and associated with a point source located at the point of incidence of the normal ray. Also, parameterC can be related to the NMO-velocity. The parameter B is related to the curvature, KN , of another hypothetical wavefront that originates from a region in the vicinity of the same normal incidence point as an exploding reflector. For more detailed information on these quantities, the reader is referred to (see, e.g., Jäger et al., 2001). We have a = 2 sinβ v0 , B = 2t0 cos 2 β v0 KN and C = 2t0 cos 2 β v0 KNIP = 4 v2 NMO . (3) Annual WIT report 2015 239 SURGICAL CRS WORKFLOW Figure 1 summarizes the proposed workflow and assigns a number for each processing step. In the following, these steps will be discussed in detail. Figure 1: Workflow for CRS stacking using the proposed approach alongside with a brief description of each processing step. • STEP 1: A conventional CMP stacked data and its corresponding NMO-velocity model are needed as input. In this case, both can be considered given, since they are part of conventional routine sequence of seismic processing. • STEP 2: Select (pick) points along key events on the CMP stacked section. These picks should follow only the stronger events, avoiding all regions where these events are not well focused or with low signal-to-noise ratio. The objective is to ensure that only well-defined regions will contribute to the construction of the parameter guides. Note that, even in cases where only a very small portion of the dataset is well focused, which leads to a small number of picks, this approach is able yield good results after a number of iterations. • STEP 3: For each selected point, or pick, a global exhaustive estimation of CRS parameters will be performed using the initial NMO-velocity model as a guide. This estimation process computes the coherence for all possible 3-uplets (2D case) or 8-uplets (3D case) within a chosen search interval. After that, the set of CRS parameters with maximum coherence is selected. 240 Annual WIT report 2015 Remark: It is worth mentioning that, this approach is prohibitive to be performed over to entire dataset. However, since the (surgical) set of selected points constitutes a very small fraction of the data, it can be very cheaply computed. Once the CRS parameters are estimated at each (surgically) selected point, interpolation and extrapolation schemes are employed to fill out all parameter-section grids and construct the parameter guides. • STEP 4: In order to avoid guides with non-geological information a Quality Control (QC) procedure is considered. Although the picking was done only on well-focused events in the CMP stack, some picks may be interpreted as parameter outliers which compromises the guide. A visual comparison between the obtained guides and the CMP stacked data is enough to find such inconsistencies. If needed, new points can be pic


A new species, superficially similar to Pleurothallis allenii , and best attributed to Pleurothallis sect. Pleurothallis subsect. Acroniae ser. Amphygiae , is described here as Pleurothallis flavomarginata . The new species was discovered under cultivation at the orchid nursery Ecuagenera. The new species is described, illustrated, and distinguished from similar species based on its morphological distinctness.


Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of outcome of occupational chronic benzene poisoning.Method:The clinical data of 35 patients with chronic benzene poisoning occupation who were admitted in our hospital from November 2011 to November2012 were selected and analyzed retrospectively.Result:In 35 patients,7 cases occured the nervous system symptoms such as headache,dizziness,insomnia,memory loss in,8 cases occured respiratory system symptoms such as palpitations,shortness of breath,chest tightness,6 patients with lung symptoms,including 2 cases occured lung breath sounds of enlargement,3 cases occured dry wet,1 case with heart murmur;6 cases occured liver area taps,5 cases with abdominal tenderness,3 cases with the physical pain.All patients were given hormone,immune modulators,antibiotics and nutrition support therapy;In 35 patients,17 cases were effective,7 cases had marked effect,9 cases had improvement effect,and 2 cases failed.The average time of in hospital was 2-4 months.Conclusion:Benzene poisoning can seriously infringe on the blood system of the body,is prone to infect and other complications.Clinical should strengthen the protection to reduce contact benzene poisoning caused by the damage.


One kind of protective case accommodating the portable electronic device and through the planning and securely held in the protective case in the personal care article. The protective case having a main spacer region for receiving and housing an electronic device such as a smart phone, a mobile phone, music player, or other digital media device. Construction of at least one box cell compartment receiving and housing a removable manner in said at least one compartment integrated personal care article septal region. The personal care article may comprise at least one mutually exchangeable compartment containing a cosmetic items, cosmetics, sanitary products, such as dental floss or article respiratory oral care products, drugs, vitamins, breath fresheners, and / or health care products. Septal region of the second compartment is preferably provided as a removable pouch for holding or containing identification cards, currency, bank card or visa, and / or the bound key system.


An improved virtual impactor with interchangeable nozzles was designed and fabricated. One impactor nozzle, of 1.98-mm diameter, was calibrated with monodisperse polystyrene latex spheres. The results show that the separation efficiency of this impactor can be predicted on a semiempirical basis. With a clean air core in the center of an aerosol flow, this impactor has a better separation characteristic than the conventional virtual impactor. Aerosols with narrow size distributions were obtained by passing Arizona road dust particles through this impactor. The mass median diameter (MMD) of these aerosols varies from 10.0 to 3.3 μm with the geometric standard deviation (GSD) ranging from 1.16 to 1.48. The mass concentrations (Ma) of these aerosols ranges over several orders of magnitude from 0.03 to 13 mg/m3. Aerosols with the MMD values ranging from 2.0 to 0.98 μm were obtained with this virtual impactor followed by a real impactor. The GSD values of these aerosols vary from 1.44 to 1.28 and the M a range ...


It simply represents the importance of the detection of the strength of concrete,discusses the detection of the strength of concrete test piece from the maintenance of test piece in the same condition,the standard maintenance of test piece and the checking.And it specifically introduces the rebound and core methods of detecting the strength of concrete solid mass,to perfect the detection technology of the strength of concrete.


Comparatively little is known about the nature of the passive films formed
upon the technologically important iron-chromium alloys. It is known
however, that they are both very thin (50A) and possibly amorphous: as such
they are difficult to characterize by conventional diffraction methods. To
avoid the problems associated with the diffraction techniques, the EXAFS
technique has been used to characterize the passive film.
Iron-chromium alloys containing up to 29% atomic chromium were passivated in
0.1M NaNO2, 0.05M K2CrO4 and 2.0M H2S04. X-ray absorption measurements were
then made upon the passivated alloys, using both total electron yield and
fluorescence yield to determine the X-ray absorption.
Analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure has revealed that
an increase in structural disorder of the passive film may be correlated
with an increase in the chromium content of the alloy. It has been shown
that chromium contained in the passive film is associated with the disorder
in the film Fe-O and Fe-Fe bond lengths compatible with the known oxides
and hydroxides of iron have been obtained, but the uncertainties in the
bond length determination prevent any structure being put forward for the
passive film.


Aims: To examine the effects of the home environment on unintentional domestic injuries and related health care attendance in infants from deprived families.


It has been said that of the various possible school-based factors, it is the headteachers' leadership that has the second greatest impact on student outcomes. If that is the case, it is not surprising that a great deal of research has focused on headteacher leadership. There has been very little research, however, that focuses on the leadership of selective schools. This study, therefore, considers headteacher leadership in four state, boys' selective schools.

The study considers the interaction of three issues – what it is the headteachers say they are doing (their declared conceptualisations of leadership), what their staff expect of them (the staff's conceptualisations of leadership) and the perceptions and judgements made by the staff of their headteachers.

The study generates four models of headteacher leadership, three from the data and one from the literature. The three are perspectival in origin, although one of them is abstracted beyond its original perspective. Three of the areas considered in relation to perceptions and judgments are: headteacher 'success', communication, and conflict. The subsequent discussion leads to the development of new models and frameworks, plus the extension of two concepts in new ways and also recommendations for both practice and research.


Corporate social responsibility (CSR) means different things to different people. To opponents, it is a waste of corporate resources, while to its proponents it is essential for organizational survival. This paper reviews these divergent views of CSR, specifically considering the point of view of developing countries. The paper indicates that, whether CSR is considered as a necessary requirement for organizations or as a voluntary activity, it affects the economic growth and development of most developing countries. Developing countries and oil companies, either national or multinational, can team up with governments in economic growth and development. Interventions by oil and gas companies can be classified into two major issues: 'a thousand pebbles' aimed at addressing numerous small projects executed within various host communities and 'a big stone' aimed at helping developing counties to develop economically and environmentally. While pursuing the big stone, oil and gas companies could aim at long-term, medium-term, or short-term plans. The big stone could be either industry-specific or environment-specific. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, developing countries, big stone, thousand pebbles


A few years ago, a popular TV program Animal World produced by China Central Television (CCTV), was well received by men and women, old and young, and people from all circles. Sun Qiuping, a reporter from CCTV, led her colleagues to film the section about wild animals in China.For six years, Sun and her colleagues sought those nearly extinct wild animals in the virgin forests and barren hills. They experienced many hardships, and even the trial of death.In 1992, Sun won first prize in the First National TV Program Contest for her first TV program Oasis in the Mist about the tropical rain forest and its wild life. She also won awards for photography and music. Sun edited the TV program Mongoose and won a first prize for programs on special topics. Because of her accomplishments, she has been awarded the prize of the CCTV director's special fund, and was named a national "March 8 Pacesetter' by the All-China Women's Federation.


Lymphoepithelial carcinoma is a relatively common malignancy in the nasopharynx, but it rarely occurs in other sites. We report 3 additional cases of cutaneous location. Histopathologically, the tumors consisted of multiple well‐circumscribed dermal‐hypodermal nodules composed of aggregates of undifferentiated malignant cells. These cells had moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli. There was no squamous or glandular differentiation. For each case, a heavy lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate was found. No dysplasia was noted in the epidermis. In one case, the tumoral component showed numerous Sternberg‐like cells scattered within a lymphocytic background. This case might be mistaken with a Hodgkin's lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry showed that the neoplastic cells were positive for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. In the present report, studying the stroma reaction cell components, we have stressed the presence of numerous factor XIIIa‐positive dendritic cells in 2 cases. Because of the role of these cells in the immune response of normal stroma, their presence herein might be in relation with the favorable prognosis of this type of primary skin carcinoma. No Epstein‐Barr viral genomic sequences were detected by in situ hybridization. This negativity for Epstein‐Barr virus may be a help in the differential diagnosis from metastatic undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma.


Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are highly effective in electrochemical energy conversion due to their abundant active sites. Their exceptional electrocatalytic efficiency can be achieved by regulating the electronic structure to optimize...


This article is devoted to the formation of a knowledge base of an intellectual add-on for technological process control systems based on modeling using fuzzy logic and a use-case system. The intelligent add-on is a multi-agent system that includes the agents of a different nature. This article focuses on agents working on fuzzy logic. The knowledge base is part of an intelligent control system and, in relation to production conditions, consists of a set of production rules that describe the dependence of the main indicators of the technological process. The study identified the main parameters of the melting process, as one of the processes that determine the quality of the finished product. A review of sources describing the production technology is carried out and rules are highlighted. Linguistic variables are defined and ranges of values in which they change are defined. The stages of obtaining a solution using fuzzy logic are described. A mathematical model has been created that is suitable for choosing the optimal process conditions and for integration into an intelligent superstructure as one of the components. The structure of the precedent is described, the algorithm is briefly described in the steps of selecting precedents, adding new precedents to the database.


On January 1, 2022, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) officially entered into force, marking the official landing of the world's most populous, largest economic and trade scale and most promising free trade area, which fully reflects the confidence and determination of all parties to jointly uphold multilateralism and free trade and promote regional economic integration, which will contribute to regional and global trade and investment growth, economic recovery and prosperity It will make an essential contribution to regional and international trade and investment growth, economic recovery and prosperity. Under RCEP, investment activities between China and ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) countries will be further opened up and developed more deeply, which will inevitably lead to some disputes between investors and host countries will inevitably arise. However, RCEP puts aside the discussion on the investment dispute settlement mechanism between investors and governments. Although the RCEP currently proposes an alternative way for investors to seek redress in the dispute settlement chapter of Chapter 19, its implementation still needs to be improved in terms of protection. The existing dispute settlement mechanism still needs to efficiently and comprehensively protect and balance the reasonable rights and interests of investors and host countries. The RCEP parties shall jointly explore the construction of dispute prevention, consultation, mediation, arbitration, litigation, etc. A dispute settlement mechanism between the investor and the host country that integrates dispute prevention, negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation is excellent.


The importance of knowing the exact time at which each individual film has been exposed in serial radiography has been stressed by Liverud (1959), who has described an apparatus for the direct marking of serial films. In his apparatus a radio-opaque marker is made to run at a constant speed along a linear scale, the graduations of which are also made radio-opaque, so that the position of the marker on the scale is readily seen along one edge of each film.


We describe a head support for spinal surgery that allows the placement of the patient's head in neutral alignment with the body and monitoring the position of the eyes, mouth, nose and orotracheal tube, preventing damages from poor positioning during surgery.


The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) has been proposed as a critical bridge between oxidant stress and gene expression.Exposure of cells to inflammatory,infectious,or other stressful stimuli results in release and translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus.And activation of the transcription factor NF-κB has been suggested to participate in inflammatory disorders,such as diabetes and its complications.Recent studies showed that activated NF-κB presented in different tissues of patients with a new onset or a long history of diabetes,and an anti-inflammatory action through a reduction of NF-κB activation might be beneficial to diabetic patients.


Abstract. The number of foetal erythrocytes in maternal blood is determined by adding yeast cells to the sample before preparation of the smear, extraction and staining. 25–1100 foetal erythrocytes per μ1 blood, corresponding to a foeto‐maternal transfusion of about 20–900 μ1 are recovered with an average coefficient of variation of 20%. The clinical application of the method is demonstrated by following the rate of disappearance of the foetal erythrocytes from the maternal blood after a foetomaternal transfusion.


As is well known, omission of non confounding covariates identified by the treatment assignment may lead to considerable bias for estimated treatment effect even in a simple randomized trial. In this article we identify confounding vs. dispersing covariates by the confounding influence characterizing variance change and bias risk of estimated treatment effect due to constraint on effects of these covariates. Consequently, consistent constraint on effects of identified confounding covariates reduces variance of estimated treatment effect whereas inconsistent constraint on effects of identified dispersing covariates—such as omission of identified dispersing covariates—leads to little bias for estimated treatment effect.


This analysis of coverage of 1960s registration efforts by African Americans in Tennessee reveals that the local newspaper chose to protect the business leaders and support the status quo.


A new photoconductive (PC) and photovoltaic (PV) dual‐mode operation quantum well infrared photodetection (DM‐QWIP) using an enlarged GaAs (110 A) quantum well and enlarged Al0.25Ga0.75As (875 A) barrier layer has been developed for two‐color intersubband detection. The detection scheme uses transitions from the ground‐state and the first excited‐state inside the enlarged GaAs quantum well to the continuum states slightly above the AlGaAs barrier layers. The detectivity Dλ* for the PV mode was found to be 1.5×109√Hz/ W at the peak response wavelength λp=7.7 μm and T=77 K, while the values of Dλ* for the PC mode were found to be 2×1010, 1×1010 cm√Hz/W for Vb=1,2 V at λp=12 μm and T=77 K, respectively.


This study aims at examining the learning based on Van Hiele's theory with Hands-on Activity (HOA) assisted to improve students' knowledge and skill. The learning based on Van Hiele's theory with Hands-on Activity (HOA) assisted consists of zero level, first level, and second level. In each level, there are five stages they are Information, guide orientation, explicitation, free orientation, integration in which Hands-on Activity (HOA) is used in one of the stages. This research is a classroom action research focusing on VII E in SMPN 3 Grabag, Magelang Regency. The result of this study showed that the learning based on Van Hiele's theory with Hands-on Activity (HOA) assisted improves the students' knowledge and skill. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pembelajaran berdasarkan teori van Hiele berbantuan HOA untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa. Pembelajaran berdasarkan teori van Hiele berbantuan HOA, yaitu pembelajaran yang melalui level 0, level 1, dan level 2. Setiap level ada 5 tahap: information, guide orientation, explicitation, free orientation, integration dan HOA digunakan di salah satu tahap tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas VII E di SMP N 3 Grabag, Kabupaten Magelang.  Setelah peneliti melakukan pembelajaran berdasarkan teori van Hiele berbantuan HOA ternyata pengetahuan dan keterampilan pemecahan masalah garis dan sudut siswa tersebut meningkat.


Brooks and Corey developed a correlation to estimate the capillary pressure for drainage processes, which utilizes the concept of effective saturation to generate data. This effective saturation in the correlation is calculated, primarily based on the change in wetting phase saturation and can be used quite effectively for the respective purposes, in most cases. However, there are cases, where the wetting phase saturation remains constant throughout the displacement process. For such cases, a modification has been made for better representation and to use Brooks and Corey correlation for capillary pressure estimation under such cases. This modification in addition to better representation of effective saturation correlation, will result into analyzing and estimating capillary pressure also for the respective scenario, when incorporated into Brooks and Corey Correlation, which will result into better reservoir monitoring and surveillance.


Power system constitute a major part of the electrical system relating in the present world. Every single portion of this system assumes a major part in the accessibility of the electrical power one uses at their homes, enterprises, workplaces, industrial facilities and so on. Any deficiency in power system causes a ton of inconvenience for the maintenance of the system. So transmission system needs a proper protection scheme to ensure continuous power supply to the consumers. The countless extent of power systems and applications requires the improvement in suitable techniques for the fault classification in power transmission systems, to increase the efficiency of the systems and to avoid major damages. For this purpose, the technical literature proposes a large number of methods. This chapter analyzes the technical literature, Classification of Faults in Power Transmission Systems Using Modern Techniques


We present here the poly(4-diphenylamino)styrene (PDAS)-based photorefractive composites with a high-speed response time. PDAS was synthesized as a photoconductive polymer and photorefractive polymeric composite (PPC) films by using triphenylamine (TPA) (or ethylcarbazole, ECZ), 4-homopiperidino-2-fluorobenzylidene malononitrile (FDCST), and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) were investigated. The photorefractive quantities of the PDAS-based PPCs were determined by a degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) technique. Additionally, the holographic images were recorded through an appropriate PDAS-based PPC. Those holographic images clearly reconstruct the original motion with high-speed quality. The present approach provides a promising candidate for the future application of dynamic holographic displays.


7107 Background: In hematological malignancies, quiescent leukemic stem cells are responsible for persistence of minimal residual disease and relapse. Emerging evidence points to the involvement of...


In ultrafast optics, a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is famous for its high reliability serving as a saturable absorber for the generation of ultrashort pulses.


Abstract : The report is the second part of the report which describes the initial phase of the project for testing the functions and capabilities of the computer codes available for analyses of the data obtained in the neutron cross section program at this laboratory. In this report emphasis has been placed on the check of the capabilities and usefulness of the computer codes for use in studies of a specific type of the nuclear reaction, that is, two-nucleon transfer reactions. The (d, alpha) reaction has been chosen as a sample case because the present experimental setup is best suited for this reaction with the optimum experimental resolution. Furthermore, the 90Zr(d, alpha) reaction has been chosen because the reaction is the best means for studying the proton- and neutron-hole components of the poorly known 88Y level structure. (Author)


the two natures in Christ as an "indwelling (cf. John 1.14) of good pleasure as in a son or as in the Son." Here McLeod agrees with Abramowski. It is "a prosopic union of two concrete natures" (188), a perfect union , more "exact" than the union of body and soul in human beings, as the author demonstrates with reference to Nemesius' treatise "On Human Nature" (189–94). McLeod reaches a conclusion in carefully chosen terms: "Theodore's Christological position was shaped primarily by his commitment to the Antiochene tradition of safeguarding the distinction between a transcendent God and all creatures, including Christ's full humanity, his commitment to a literal, rational form of exegesis, and his opposition to the Apollinarians. He was not unaware of, or insensitive to, the need to maintain a true personal unity of Christ's divine and human natures, but his attention was chiefly focused on expressing and defending that unity in such a way that it preserved the full integrity of Christ's humanity in light of the scriptural witness, above all the exercise of his free will" (202). Chapter 8 reconsiders "the charges against Theodore" (205–25), those of the second Council of Constantinople in 553 and, more emphatically, those of modern critics such as Kevin Mc Namara, Francis Sullivan, and Paul Galtier. The author's peaceful discussion shows how far in only a few decades the retrieving of patristic dogmatics has (happily enough!) distanced itself from ageless scholastic disputes. A last chapter proposes a "reassessment of the charges against Theodore" (226–57), and the conclusion raises the question: "How ought we to sum up Theodore as a biblical theologian and as a person? He was a pivotal as well as a tragic figure in biblical exegesis and theology in the late fourth and early fifth century" (265) just as Origen was another such figure before him. Charles Kannengiesser, Concordia University Montreal


New data are presented for the proton spin relaxation time in gaseous ammonia (NH3) at 300 K. The characteristic nonlinear density dependence of the relaxation time at low densities is established. Old data for gaseous hydrogen chloride (HCl) are reanalyzed. The commonly used single relaxation time aproximation for the rotational levels is shown to be inadequate to fit either the NH3 or the HCl data. Excellent fits of both sets of data are obtained using a two parameter, multilevel relaxation time approximation; the parameters deduced are the average rotational level linewidth and the dispersion. An effective intramolecular spin‐rotation coupling constant is determined from the NH3 data and it is shown to be consistent with the spin‐rotation coupling constants deduced from microwave absorption experiments. Also an angular momentum reorientation cross section is computed from the NMR data and compared to other similar cross sections obtained from microwave, ultrasonic and viscomagnetic experiments. The reo...


Objective To probe into the reception law of critical patients in emergency room, and to understand the characteristics of critical disease spectrum in emergency room, aiming at providing the scientific evidence for meeting the new situation of the emergency work requirements and improving its emergency efficiency. Methods Registration books of critical patients in emergency room admitted in our hospital from 2004 to 2010 were retrospectively classified and analyzed. Results After arranging disease categories in our emergency room, the first six disease in turn were trauma, nervous system disease, circulation system disease, intoxication, respiratory disease, and digestive system disease. The peak months for critical patients to visit doctors in emergency room were in July, August, November and December. Conclusion After statistical analysis of continuous seven-year registration books in emergency room, we find some visiting-doctor law including peak months and low ebb months, which provides basis for flexible staff schedule in emergency room. According to the sequence of critical disease categories, we can add some relevant apparatus, and draw special emergency plans, which give a theoretical support for improving success rate in critical conditions. With reference to analysis of seven-year registration books in emergency room, further epidemiologic study of critical diseases in emergency room and analysis of visiting-doctor law and changes of critical disease spectrum provide foundations for lowering down morbidity and mortality, and improving success rate of rescue.


ABSTRACT The use of deep learning approaches to predict landslide displacement based on monitored time-series data is an effective method for the early-warning of landslides. Currently, most prediction models focus on the temporal correlation of displacements from a single monitoring point, ignoring the spatial influence of other monitoring points. To fully consider the spatiotemporal features of the displacement data, this paper develops three deep learning models based on graph convolution networks to spatiotemporally predict the landslide displacements of the Huanglianshu landslide. Specifically, we first establish a fully connected graph to represent the spatial relationships of all the deployed monitoring points. Second, we develop a temporal graph convolutional network-long short term memory (TGCN-LSTM) model and an Attention-TGCN model based on the temporal graph convolutional network-gate recurrent unit (TGCN-GRU) deep learning model and employ the three models to spatiotemporally predict displacements of the Huanglianshu landslide. The proposed spatiotemporal prediction models accurately predict the displacements at seven monitoring points, with a maximum R 2 of 0.85 at the individual monitoring points. The comparative results show that the proposed Attention-TGCN model achieves the highest spatiotemporal prediction accuracy, and the accuracy of the Attention-TGCN model can further improve after considering the movement of the monitoring points.


It was complex to the rail-net topology frame for having lots of service points and facilities that was difficult to describe.But it could be described in geometry network way of Geodatabase data model,because this method could unify GIS and the rails-net topology,meanwhile enhance the searching efficiency by using the great topology analysis function of geometry network.This article put forward a topology analysis method based on geometry network and expatiated the method to describe the rails-net by using geometry network.


The non-informative (improper priors) Bayesian type A evaluation of standard uncertainty consistent with the Supplement 1 and Supplement 2 of the Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) leads to a result that cannot be applied in case of small sample size $n$, namely when $n=2,3$. An ad hoc and non-rigorous solution to this issue, based on the use of the quantiles of the Student's $t$ probability PDF, is provided in the IEC/TR 61000-1-6 (Guide to the assessment of measurement uncertainty), a basic electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) publication. A novel informative Bayesian type A evaluation of standard uncertainty is proposed here that can be easily implemented through a spreadsheet and it is applicable also in the case of small sample size. The aim and the approach are like those in a recent paper published in Metrologia by Cox and Shirono. The apparent limitation that the variance has an upper bound, as assumed by Cox and Shirono, is here removed at the expense of introducing a best guess and a value of the variance that is unlikely to (but it can) be exceeded. In addition to a step-by-step derivation numerical examples are offered to support the viability the proposed type A evaluation. The imminent start of the maintenance of the IEC/TR 61000-1-6 stimulates a critical review and update of the type A evaluation of standard uncertainty in EMC.


Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can have major impacts on patients' lives. Fortunately, many psoriasis treatments are in development or currently available, and some may achieve clearing in almost half of patients with psoriasis. Early studies of tildrakizumab, one of three approved inhibitors of interleukin (IL)-23p19, showed efficacy comparable to ustekinumab and adalimumab and a good safety profile. In this issue of the BJD, Thac i et al. describe the long-term (5-year) safety and efficacy of tildrakizumab. Evaluating long-term efficacy data in clinical trials requires careful attention to the type of data being presented: 'as observed' [observed cases (OC)] data can make even weak drugs look promising because the patients doing poorly who discontinue the study are not counted; nonresponder imputation (NRI) may be overly conservative, because patients doing well who have to drop out (for example, to take a job in another location) are counted as failures. In contrast, multiple imputation (MI) replaces missing data with plausible sample values and combines the results; however, this assumes that the missing data are random, which may not be the case. The reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2 studies enrolled 1862 participants; of these, 1551 subjects were randomized and treated with either tildrakizumab 100 mg, tildrakizumab 200 mg or etanercept 50 mg. Etanercept partial or nonresponders were switched to tildrakizumab 200 mg at week 28. Of those treated, 622 patients entered the long-term (4-year) extension, which concluded with 508 (81 7%) participants. In the group treated with the approved dose of 100 mg of tildrakizumab, 242 responders completed the extension, and efficacy data were analysed via OC, NRI and MI analyses. A not-too-shabby 92 3% had a 75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75) response at 5 years via OC analysis. PASI 75 response via NRI and MI analysis was 71 8% and 88 7%, respectively. Another way to assess long-term data is simply to look at patient retention over 5 years; patients unhappy with their response would be unlikely to continue the drug that long. This may be a particularly useful way to analyse long-term 'as observed' data. Thus, there was a loss of only about 5% of patients per year. In contrast, the long-term (156-week) pooled safety and tolerability analysis of apremilast in 1184 patients with psoriasis (ESTEEM 1 and 2) demonstrated good tolerability with mild-to-moderate adverse effects that decreased in frequency after 52 weeks. Of these, 654 participants entered the 4-year extension, and 249 (38 1%) completed the long-term study; thus, approximately 15% of participants dropped out per year. Tildrakizumab 100/200 mg has a severe infection cumulative incidence of 1 2/1 3 per 100 patient-years. This should be reassuring, considering patients with psoriasis not on systemic medications have a serious infection cumulative incidence of 1 4 per 100 patient-years based on the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR) data. However, from a patient perspective, this rate may be unsettling as patients may fixate on the possibility of being the 'one' out of 100 who develops a serious infection. Instead, communicating serious adverse event frequency with positive framing may reassure patients of the equivalent: 99 out of 100 patients receiving tildrakizumab do not experience a serious infection (per year). The effect of positive framing, another mathematically accurate way to communicate risk, may alleviate excessive fears and promote increased acceptance of and adherence to treatment. There are practical considerations to utilizing tildrakizumab, including convenience, cost-effectiveness and coverage. Tildrakizumab is approved only for healthcare providers' administration and is dosed on 12-week intervals, which may coincide nicely with return visit intervals, is likely to improve patient adherence, and might – depending on the health system – be more accessible to patients. The IL-23p19 inhibitor tildrakizumab appears to be a very safe and effective treatment to control psoriasis. Although tildrakizumab may not have quite the efficacy of other IL-23p19 inhibitors (guselkumab or risankizumab), it may still be an excellent option for many patients.


The article gives an account of an influence of social and cultural demands on industrial architecture, town planning and planning decisions. This article addresses some technoparks in Switzerland and United Kingdom, as an example of en vir ο η mental organization. The authors also presented diploma projects on this topic. The article examines the role of industrial facilities in the city center, for example Volkswagen plant in Dresden, the incineration plant in Hiroshima. The issue of reconstruction of industrial facilities in the city center (Tate Modern Museum in London) is also addresed. These kinds of industrial facilities are designed to be a bridge between past and present. Reflection of increasing demand for labor content is observed in Russian Federation buildings. For example the article tells about the new shop of Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling plant named « Height -239». The shop is an attempt to display the most modern level of design and construction of industrial buildings. It uses new approaches to the formation of the working environment. The authors see the next stage of development in involvement of industrial facilities in the formation of a new type of urban environment


University of Wisconsin System Board of Regents and University of Wisconsin-Extension; L.G. Buncy; Soil and Applied Nitrogen; 1998. Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Envi ronmental Engineering; A. Shaviv; Controlled Release Fertilizers; IFA International Workshop on Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizers; Frankfurt, Germany, Jun. 2005. Queen's University of Belfast, UK; C. Watson; Urease Inhibitors; IFA International Workshop on Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizers; Frankfurt, Germany, Jun. 2005. Agronomy Journal, vol.91; Hernan Sainz Rozas, Hernan E. Echever ria, Guillermo A. Studdert and Fernando H. Andrade; No-Till Maize Nitrogen Uptake and Yield: Effect of Urease inhibitor and Applica tion Time; Nov.-Dec. 1999. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Soil Science; Larry G. Bundy; Managing Urea-Containing Fertilizers; Area Fertil izer Dealer Meeting Nov.-Dec. 2001. University of Wisconsin, Department of Soil Science; Larry G. Bundy; Nitrogen Management in 2005, Rates and Economics; 2005. University of Georgia, Tifton, Crop and Soil Sciences; Glen Harris; Evaluation of Agrotain Urease Inhibito for Cotton Production in the Southeast; 2003. Taylor and Francis Group; S. Malhi, E. Oliver, G. Mayerle, G. Kruger, K.S. Gill; Improving Effectiveness of Seedrow-placed Urea with Urease Inhibitor and Polymer Coating for Durum Wheat and Canola; vol. 34, No. 11-12, 2003, p. 1709-1727. SpringerLink, Biology and Fertility of Soils; L. Vittori Antisari, C. Marzadori, P. Gioacchini, S. Ricci and C. Gessa; Effects of the Urease Inhibitor N-(n-butyl) Phosphorothioic Triamide in Low Concentra tions on Ammonia Volatilization and Evolution of Mineral Nitrogen; Dec. 2004, p. 196-201. Proc. National Academy of Sciences; Michael J. Krogmeier, Gregory W. McCarty and John M. Bremner; Potential Phytotoxicity Associ ated with the use of Soil Urease Inhibitors; vol. 86, Feb. 1989, p. 1110-1112. BASF Agricultural Center, Limburgerhof, Germany; R. Hahndel and A.H. Wissemeir; Yield and Quality of Field Grown Vegetables Fer tilized with Ammonium Based Fertilizers Containing the Nitrifica tion Inhibitor DMPP (ENTEC (R): 2003. Kentucky Department of Agriculture's Office of Consumer and Envi ronmental Protection; W. Frye; Nitrification Inhibition for Nitrogen Efficiency and Environment Protection; IFA International Workshop on Enhance-Efficienty Fertilizers, Frankfurt, Germany, Jun. 2005. Ohio State University; Evaluation of Agrotain Urease Inhibitor with UAN Nitrogen Sidedress Applications in Field Corn (2002, 2003, 2004) and Nitrogen Rate and Super N Topdress in Wheat (2003, 2004); Farm Focus Pres Releases.


Recently, to realize a high performance deca-nano scaled MOSFET, we reported a new MOSFET fabrication process named the "2-step activation annealing process" (2-step AAP) (Goto et al, 1997), which forms extension junctions with low temperature annealing after activation annealing of gate and deep source/drain (S/D) regions and sidewall removal. This process can achieve high dopant activity in the gate and S/D and a shallow junction in the extension region without causing further thermal diffusion (TD). Using this process, a 50 nm pMOSFET with excellent short channel effect (SCE) immunity and a high drive current has been demonstrated. However, when considering a salicide process, 2-step AAP increases the process steps because additional sidewall (SW) is required before the salicide process. Moreover, the S/D region suffers damage from over-etching through two SW formations. In this work, to prevent these problems, we developed a Co salicide compatible 2-step activation annealing process (Co&2AAP).


In this paper, we analyze the problem of providing incentives when there are more than one project. A principal has access to two (possibly correlated) projects which are managed by a single agent. Before undertaking a project, the agent-manager can spend some resources to investigate its quality, namely its probability of success. Only projects with a high probability of success are profitable, and therefore should be invested in. There are two classes of strategies. First, the manager may investigate only one project to save on investigation costs, but still use the acquired information to make an investment decision on the noninvestigated project. Second, the manager could investigate both projects, and make the investment decision based on the acquired information on each project. Comparing these two strategies, it would seem that the more correlated are the projects, the better it is to investigate only one project and use the acquired information to learn about the other project. And, when correlation is low, both projects should be investigated. There is, however, a third strategy that the principal could use. He could hire two agents, each managing one project. By making each agent's compensation dependent on the outcome of the project of the other agent, the principal creates some form of competition between them. When projects are highly correlated, endogenous competition provides incentives but duplicate investigation costs, while having one manager investigating only one project exploits informational economies of scale by economizing on investigation costs, but does not always yield the best investment decision since information on the noninvestigated project is not perfect. We assume that the investigation decision is private to the manager (moral hazard), as well as the information obtained doing so (adverse selection). We then show that the optimal structure depends, among other things, on the degree of correlation between the returns of the two projects. In general, delegating to one manager and investigating both projects is optimal when the projects are weakly correlated; delegating to two managers is optimal for intermediate values of the correlation coefficient, while delegating to one manager and investigating only one project may be optimal when projects are strongly correlated, depending on parameter values. We show that, for some parameter values, it may never be optimal to delegate to one manager and investigate only one project, and this even when projects are perfectly correlated. Endogenous competition is then optimal as it minimizes the cost of providing incentives to the managers, even though investigation costs are duplicated. In that case, delegating to two managers becomes optimal for intermediate and high values of the correlation coefficient.


The utility model discloses a shear wall formwork for a building, which comprises groove-shaped modules (1), a bolt (2) or a plug or a screw thread, the two groove-shaped modules (1) are connected through a connecting bar (3) the length of which can be adjusted, each groove-shaped module (1) for the building comprises a top board (4), a bottom board (5) and a side plate (7), the top plate (4) and the base plate (5) of the groove-shaped module (1) are respectively provided with a holes (6), and the side plate (7) is provided with a hole (8). When the shear wall formwork is spliced, the hole (6) on the base plate of the upper module (1) and the top hole (6) of the top plate are in up-and-down correspondence, the bolt (2) or the plug is penetrated into the holes (6) to connect the upper module (1) and the lower module (1), so that the shear wall formwork can be formed. The connecting bar (3) can adjust the length of the groove-shaped modules (1) to meet the requirements of shear wall formwork with different dimensions. The shear wall formwork has large rigid, high bearing force, long service life and simple construction procedure.


of speech denoting S, and F(y) for any of the parts of speech denoting P," so that (c) the general problem is to define those conditions under which a sentence satisfying (a) may be written as F(x) or F(y), where x and y denote two (continuous) parts of the sentence. Stated thus, Staal's aim is not entirely clear. To say that a binary relation R is asymmetrical is to assert that (x)(y)(Rxy 3 ~Ryx), and it is not the author's purpose to define conditions whereby R may be reduced to a propositional function of one variable. Later, relational sentences are regarded as kernels (Cf. N. Chomsky, Syntactic structures, 's-Gravenhage 1957), whose behavior under five selected transformations is held to provide conditions for a formal definition of the S-P structure. Four pairs of definitions are arrived a t in this way, of which only the first is claimed to have universal applicability. This carries with it the consequence that sentences which can be negated are predicative. The author's work is perhaps of more interest to philologists than to logicians. The latter might find, as did the reviewer, tha t Staal's attempt to combine concepts from logic, grammar, and transformational analysis does not result in a wholly felicitous symbolism. Some comments made on negation and quantification strike a familiar chord. DONALD J. HILLMAN


A report on laparoscopy as performed at St. Lukes Hospital a community hospital of 225 beds in Davenport Iowa is presented. Betwee n June 1 1970 and August 31 1973 a total of 2303 laparoscopic procedu res were performed on 2286 patients by 4 gynecologists. Of these 285 were diagnostic laparoscopic operations while 2018 were primarily for the purpose of tubal sterilization. Of the total cases 1249 were performed by the author. The admission procedures preparation and anesthesia operating room scheduling and other events leading up to the operation are described. The double puncture technique of tubal sterilization is used in the hospital in general the single-puncture technique being used only by the author. Of the 2018 tubal sterilizations performed there have been 4 luteal phase pregnancies. In addition to the luteal phase pregnancies there have been 3 pregnancies occurring after the procedure. These 3 were all operated by the same surgeon and all were done by the double-puncture technique. In the first half of the series there were 5 laparotomies performed for control of bleeding. In the second half of the cases there have been no laparotomies performed because of bleeding. The total major complication rate was .84%. The most serious complications occurred as a result of the use of the electrosurgical apparatus.


This work reports a 112-Gb/s low power voltage-mode transmitter (TX) with four-tap feed forward equalization (FFE), designed and fabricated in 16nm FinFET technology. The design includes a hybrid impedance controller with dual regulator architecture for independent swing, common-mode and equalization control. The 56-Gb/s 4:1 multiplexer (MUX) array together with an automatic phase alignment technique is proposed to minimize output jitter. The TX consumes 345 mW and provides 0.6 to 1-Vpp output swing. The PAM4 TX achieves 130-fs random jitter (RJ) with ratio of level mismatch (RLM) > 0.963.


Rectification of Brownian motion has been the focus of a concerted e↵ort, both conceptual1 and technological2, aimed at establishing net particle transport on a periodic substrate in the absence of external biases. According to the Pierre Curie's conjecture, two basic ingredients are required for this purpose: a spatial asymmetry of the substrate and a time correlation of the (non-equilibrium) fluctuations. Brownian di↵usion in a narrow, corrugated channel can also be rectified according to Curie's conjecture. Subjected to an a.c. drive, repelling particles drift in the easy-flow direction of such a collective geometric ratchet, where the average compartment corrugation is the less steep3, although with much lower e ciency than in ordinary ratchet potentials. Such collective ratchets have been experimentally demosntrated for a.c. drives and relatively high particle densities4, whereas the net current vanishes at low densities3. Rectification of repelling particles in an asymmetric channel can also be induced by time-correlated thermal fluctuations (thermal ratchets). However, being thermal ratchets weak in general and collective geometric ratchets less performing than potential ratchets, demonstration of such an e↵ect seems beyond reach. On the other hand, rectification of Brownian diffusion by an internal energy source, like the nonequilibrium fluctuations invoked to power thermal ratchets, is very appealing: The di↵using particles would harvest kinetic energy directly from their environment, without requiring any externally applied field (though unbiased), and transport would ensue as an autonomous symmetrydirected particle flow. To enhance rectification of time correlated-di↵usion in a modulated channel with zero drives, we propose6 to use active, or self-propelled, Brownian particles. Recently, a new type of microswimmers has been synthesized, where self-propulsion takes advantage of the local gradients that asymmetric particles can generate in the presence of an external energy source (selfphoretic e↵ect). Such particles, called Janus particles5, consist of two distinct "faces", only one of which is chemically or physically active. Such two-faced objects can induce either concentration gradients, by catalyzing some chemical reaction on their active surface, or thermal gradients, by inhomogeneous light absorption (selfthermophoresis) or magnetic excitation (magnetically induced self-thermophoresis. We also demonstrated the ability of Janus microswimmers to and separate colloidal mixtures, due to their selective interaction with the constituents of the mixture7. II. ACTIVE SWIMMER IN A CHANNEL


An artificial neural network (ANN) was trained to classify photoelectric plethysmographic (PPG) pulse waveforms for the diagnosis of lower limb peripheral vascular disease (PVD). PPG pulses from the lower limbs, and pre- and post-exercise Doppler ultrasound ankle to brachial systolic blood pressure ratio measurements were obtained from patients referred to a vascular investigation laboratory. A single PPG pulse from the big toe of each leg was processed and normalized, and used as input data to the ANN. The ANN outputs represented the diagnostic classifications (normal, significant PVD and major PVD) and the ANN was trained with the ankle to brachial pressure indices (ABPI). The back-propagation learning algorithm was used to train the ANN for 500 epochs with a PPG training set of pulses from 100 legs. The results of this study indicate that a neural network can be trained to distinguish between PPG pulses from normal and diseased lower limb arteries.


Introduction: Gastric actinomycosis is a rare endogenous infection caused by Actinomyces species and is usually provoked by gastric mucosal damage, for example due to previous abdominal surgery or trauma. As the clinical presentation and invasive nature of actinomycosis often mimics malignancy, the diagnosis is sometimes only established after exploratory laparotomy.
Case Report: Here, we present a male in his seventies, with lowgrade B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia, in whom gastric actinomycosis was diagnosed by histopathological examination of endoscopic biopsies. Repeated endoscopic examination following antibiotic treatment revealed an underlying diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, interpreted as a Richter's transformation. The patient received six Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy courses, after which complete remission was achieved.
Conclusion: We emphasize that a high level of vigilance is necessary to diagnose gastric actinomycosis and the possibility of a concomitant malignancy should be considered.


The paper presents the sleep-mode of single chip processor and the operating principle of the resistance to instantaneous system interference by sleep-mode.And then give out the design of the resistance to instantaneous system interference and an instance.The design method makes it satisfy results to eliminate spark interference of electromechanical equipment.


more effective than testosterone in the treatment of hypopituitarism, and that the only additional effect obtained when the two drugs were given together was an increase in growth of body hair. Whittaker and Whitehead (1954) gave additional testosterone to the maintenance treatment with cortisone in two male patients, and found increase in libido was produced. No change, however, was noticed in two female patients on the addition of testosterone to their treatment. In this series there was no conclusive proof that testosterone had any effect except to produce unwanted facial hair in one patient, and any general improvement in strength and energy or in libido with combined therapy appeared to be adequately maintained on cortisone alone. From these findings we suggest giving testosterone only to those female patients complaining of loss of libido who fail to improve with a combination of cortisone and thyroid. In male patients, routine testosterone is probably advisable, especially those in the younger age groups. No definite conclusions regarding the value of stilboestrol can be drawn from this investigation because no detailed gynaecological studies were carried out. It was our Impression, however, that stilboestrol made little, if any, difference, and its withdrawal caused no noticeable effect. As a method of treatment, therefore, we would not advise its routine use unless genital atrophy is so severe as to cause symptoms or unless oestrogen-withdrawal bleeding is desired for psychological reasons.


Manta rays inhabit tropical, subtropical and temperate waters. Aggregation sites of manta rays have been recognized worldwide, but the reasons for this behavior are still poorly understood. This study describes environmental factors influencing aggregation sites of the giant manta ray (Manta birostris) off the northeastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. Observations of manta rays were obtained from scientific surveys conducted during 2006–2011. Environmental data were obtained from satellite imagery. The maximum entropy (Maxent) method for habitat modeling was used to determine the effects of environmental conditions on the species and predict suitable habitat for manta rays in this region. Primary productivity and distance to the coast were the most influential variables, suggesting that aggregation occurs in highly productive coastal waters. The distribution of manta rays predicted by the Maxent model showed that the most suitable habitat within the study area is located off the northeastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, more precisely, northeast of Isla Holbox and northwest of Isla Contoy. Seasonal patterns of distribution suggest that the most suitable conditions are present from July through September.


The subject of this paper is an abbreviated review of a recent study of rf discharges operating at low pressures where hot electron and nonlinear effects are essential. In this operational regime anomalous skin effect and collisionless electron heating may occur. From the direct measurement of electromagnetic fields and rf current density it was possible to infer the rf power absorption and to distinguish collisional and stochastic regimes of electromagnetic field interaction with bounded plasma. Some new features found in experiments with rf plasmas, associated with electron thermal motion and nonlinear effects induced by the rf Lorentz force, are discussed, together with corresponding theoretical results.


A thin-walled tube is an energy absorber device that functions to dissipate kinetic energy into another form of energy during impact. The design of thin-walled tubes is a significant factor which affects to the energy absorption characteristics. This paper provides a comparative study between the original thin-walled tube designs and several modified tube designs that have been proposed. The main objective is to improve the energy absorption characteristics, such as energy absorption capacity, initial peak load, specific energy absorption (SEA) and crush force efficiency (CFE). Throughout this research, aluminium alloy AA6061-T6 has been used as the material for all tubes. For comparison, all of the tubes are developed with a circular shape with the same diameter, thickness and length. In addition, they are also impacted at the same kinetic energy under dynamic axial loading. Validated LS-DYNA finite element (FE) models have been used to simulate the impact of the thin-walled tubes. Compared to the original tube design, the modified tubes have improved energy absorption characteristics. A conical tube with a flat end cap was identified as the best performing tube among the modified tubes because it had the lowest initial peak load, a moderate energy absorption capacity and an excellent CFE and SEA. The findings from this study can be used as a guidance in designing thin-walled structure.


In the centralized multi-sensor system,there is often a problem that how to remove measurements used early from the current state estimation,then re-calculate the current state estimation.The bar-shalom also named the measurement that needs to be removed as out-of-sequence measurement(OOSM).The interacting multiple model(IMM) algorithm with removing OOSM presented by Bar-shalom is based on the standard IMM algorithm and Bl1 algorithm.However,in the standard IMM algorithm,the combination of normal probability density function and probability mass function results in that updated model weights are only an approximate probability.Moreover,sometimes the use of equivalent measurement can cause the performance of algorithm to deteriorate and the problem of Rank Deficiency.In order to deal with these drawbacks,based on the optimal multi-sensor fusion rule by Deng Sun and the globally optimal forward-prediction filtering algorithm with removing OOSM,a novel IMM algorithm is presented.The novel algorithm has not those drawbacks mentioned above.Simulation shows the feasibility and superiority of the new algorithm.


Highly specific oxidase-based amperometric biosensors, based on the coupling of anti-interference layers with selective metal-dispersed carbon transducers are described. In particular, the efficient and preferential electrocatalytic action of rhodinized carbon pastes towards the peroxide product is combined with the discriminative properties of poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PPD) films. Such focus on both the transducer and recognition layer offers freedom from interferences, while resulting in higher sensitivity towards the substrate. The influence of preparation parameters is explored, and the surface microstructures are discussed. Similar improvements are reported for the electrodeposition of rhodium, PPD and glucose oxidase onto glassy carbon transducers.


By taking pollution compensation case of a certain pesticide enterprise in Hunan province as an example,the paper analyzes the existing problems in popularizing responsible insurance of environmental pollution and puts forward the proposals which would be enforced in pushing responsible insurance of environmental pollution.


Electron spin is very important for investigating magnetic properties of nano-structure surface on the atomic scale. Magnetic exchange force microscope (MExFM) which is a significant method of measuring exchange force of electron spin, is adopted. However, the external magnetic field is necessary for the MExFM, which will damage the structure of the sample surface; further, cross-talk between topography and spin information becomes serious for separating the two signals in MExFM measurement. These shortcomings will restrict the application of MExFM. In order to solve these problems, we develop a new method to separate the topography from the spin information using ferromagnetic resonance by microwave radiation combined MExFM and atomic force microscopy. We demonstrate that the topography and spin information can be completely separated from each other using this method theoretically and experimentally. MExFM using ferromagnetic resonance effect is very useful for developing spintronic devices and new-generation magnetic materials.


Purpose: The CASC-IN score has been designed with two very clear objectives: first, as a means to
quantitatively assess pre-cachexia in cancer patients, and second, as a tool to discriminate the patients where
cachexia staging is relevant. From this point of view, the CASC-IN tool is tightly linked with the so-called
CAchexia SCOre (CASCO) previously described1
and validated2 by our research team. The results
presented here classify a population of cancer patients into non-cachectic, precachectic or cachectic.
Patients and Methods: An observational prospective case-control study has been performed and a total of
179 carcinoma patients and 117 age-matched control subjects were included. All the participants in the
study were recruited at the Department of Medical Oncology (University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy) from
June 2011 to September 2014. 179.
Results: Using the mentioned patient's groups in the cancer group, --patients affected by a different tumour
types-- the frequencies observed have been non-cachectic: 58 (32.4%), pre-cachectic: 7 (3.9%) and
cachectic: 114 (63.7%).
Conclusion: It is concluded that CASC-IN can be satisfactorily used for both assessing cachectic and precachectic cancer patients. It constitutes the only available tool for the classification of pre-cachectic patients.


Summary A study of Roman domestic altars from sites in the Hadrianic frontier region suggests that flourishing stone-masons' workshops based at Chester-le-Street and Lanchester were in production in the third century A.D. Although some of the masons may have been time-expired soldiers, the workshops catered mainly for the civilian market. The altars show an enterprising approach to design, and skill in the application of decorative patterns and motifs. The workshops are examples of successful small-scale economic enterprise in the Romano-British period.


The aim of this study is analysis of current methods for diagnosis and treatment of neovascular glaucoma to assess their effectiveness, and based on these data, further development of a method of surgical treatment based on morphological factors involved in its progression. The review was performed using the domestic RSCI database and the international PubMed database, with the search keywords being neovascular glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, ophthalmic hypertension. An analysis of 39 literature sources was performed. The search depth was 13 years (20092022). Variants of neovascular glaucoma development of and of its diagnosis were considered, it was noted that it is necessary to pay attention to the study of minimally invasive methods for diagnosing the anterior segment using optical coherence tomography, which will help in the future to choose the right tactics for medical or surgical treatment. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of surgical treatment methods, which often turn out to be ineffective and require re-operations. It is necessary to develop a new method of surgical treatment of neovascular glaucoma, which provides the most sparing approach to surgical treatment, which will improve the anatomical and functional results and help reduce the number of intra- and postoperative complications and provide a longer period without re-operations.


How many types of expression meaning are there, and are some types more basic than others? According to a familiar tripartite proposal, languages like English generate (i) denoters of a basic type ; (ii) truth-evaluable sentences of a basic type ; and (iii) expressions of nonbasic types that are characterized recursively: if  and  are types, so is ; where expressions of type  signify functions, from things of the sort signified with expressions of type  to things of the sort signified with expressions of type . On this view, human languages are importantly like the language that Frege invented to study the foundations of arithmetic. In this chapter it is argued that each third of the tripartite proposal is wrong. An alternative is then sketched according to which there are exactly two semantic types, corresponding to monadic and dyadic concepts.


Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes infant fulminant hepatitis (IFH), and chronic HBV infection may progress to chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tai-wan launched a nationwide HBV immunization program for newborns in July 1984, 1 which has successfully lowered the prevalence of chronic HBV carriers, incidence of HCC, and mortality of IFH in vaccinated birth cohorts. 2-4 The mortality of CLD before and after HBV immunization has never been examined. We assessed the 30-year outcomes of the immunization program. The mortality of IFH, CLD, and HCC and the incidence of HCC were compared among birth cohorts born before and after the launch of the program.


This paper presents a methodology based on a variation of the Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRTs) that generates feasible trajectories for autonomous aerial vehicles with holonomic constraints in environments with obstacles. Our approach uses Pythagorean Hodograph (PH) curves to connect vertices of the tree, which makes it possible to generate paths for which the main kinematic constraints of the vehicle are not violated. The smoothness of the acceleration profile of the vehicle is indirectly guaranteed between two vertices of the RRT tree. The proposed algorithm provides fast convergence to the final trajectory. We still utilize the properties of the RRT to avoid collisions with static obstacles of a environment. We show results for a small unmanned aerial vehicles in environments with different configurations.


Presidents have a wide array of strategies to influence legislation. One area that has seen less emphasis in the literature is the executive's unilateral ability to issue signing statements and their role in shaping policy. We develop a spatial model illustrating how the president's bargaining power with Congress can be expanded when the veto threat is coordinated with signing statements. The analysis suggests that signing statements, although underappreciated, may potentially be a valuable presidential tool in the veto bargaining process. The analysis also shows that veto threats are a key factor explaining the president's use of the constitutional signing statement. We infer that veto threats and signing statements are linked together as part of a larger coordinated strategy to exert presidential power in the legislative realm.


Penetrating trauma to the heart has a high associated mortality due to significant hemorrhage, coronary artery injury, and cardiac tamponade. Such sequelae progress rapidly, often leading to death before reaching hospital. We report a case of delayed presentation following a stab injury to the right ventricle. This case highlights the mechanisms that may facilitate a delayed presentation and the importance of appropriate investigation when suspicion of cardiac injury is high.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether caffeine ingestion was temporally correlated with tics in 2 healthy children.

METHODS
Two first-degree cousins were observed over a period of approximately 3 years, and the presence and absence of tics was recorded and correlated with consumption of or abstinence from caffeinated foods or beverages.

RESULTS
Appearance and disappearance of tics were closely and clearly temporally correlated with ingestion and elimination of caffeine in the cousins' diets.

CONCLUSIONS
Our observations suggest that caffeine may precipitate tics in susceptible children.


As WAP net, the anytime and anywhere wireless manner to access internet, used by more and more clients, it is essential to evaluate the WAP systems' performance during its design phase for proving they have adequate capacity to support potential load. In this paper we use Performance Evaluation Process Algebra (PEPA) to evaluate a typical WAP system's performance. The approach is more convenient, flexible, and lower cost than the former simulation method which needs develop special hardware and software tools. Moreover, we can easily analysis how changes in performance depend on changes in a particular parameter by supplying ranges for parameter rate values.


The objective of this research isto prove that the use of FRESH technique can effective in improve the writing ability of the seventh grade students in writing descriptive paragraph. This research employes quasi experimental design. It involves two classes: experimental and control class. The sample of this research is the seventh grade students, consisting of 48 students. This sample is choose by using purposive sampling technique. The instrument of data collection is a test which is give and distribute to the research sample as pretest and posttest. The type of test is descriptive paragraph. Fact-Reason-Elaboration-Shift (FRESH) Technique employes in this research consist of four steps (1) steps of writing a fact, (2) step of writing a reason (3) step of elaborate, (4) step of shift or conclude. The result of the analysis data shows that the value of the means score of the students of experimental class in pretest is 29.0 and posttest is 73.0, while the mean score of control class in pretest is 22.7 and posttest is 61.5. For further analysis, the comparison of t-counted and t-table, indicates that t-counted 2.82 while t-table value is 2.01. Based on the analysis result, t-counted value is greater than the t-table value (2.82>2.01). It means that the hypothesis of this research is accepted. In conclusion, the writing skill of seventh grade students can be improved through Fact-Reason-Elaboration-Shift (FRESH) technique.


We present an adjoint-based optimization method to invert for stress and frictional parameters used in earthquake modeling. The forward problem is linear elastodynamics with nonlinear rate-and-state frictional faults. The misfit functional quantifies the difference between simulated and measured particle displacements or velocities at receiver locations. The misfit may include windowing or filtering operators. We derive the corresponding adjoint problem, which is linear elasticity with linearized rate-and-state friction with time-dependent coefficients derived from the forward solution. The gradient of the misfit is efficiently computed by convolving forward and adjoint variables on the fault. The method thus extends the framework of full-waveform inversion to include frictional faults with rate-and-state friction. In addition, we present a space-time dual-consistent discretization of a dynamic rupture problem with a rough fault in antiplane shear, using high-order accurate summation-by-parts finite differences in combination with explicit Runge--Kutta time integration. The dual consistency of the discretization ensures that the discrete adjoint-based gradient is the exact gradient of the discrete misfit functional as well as a consistent approximation of the continuous gradient. Our theoretical results are corroborated by inversions with synthetic data. We anticipate that adjoint-based inversion of seismic and/or geodetic data will be a powerful tool for studying earthquake source processes; it can also be used to interpret laboratory friction experiments.


Abstract Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at a final concentrations of 0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.1 M was mixed in the diet and the third instar larvae were allowed to feed on it for 24 h. The larvae exposed to 0.050, 0.075 and 0.1 M of NaOCl showed a dose-dependent significant increase in the activity of β-galactosidase, tissue damage, oxidative stress markers, DNA damage and Caspase-3 and 9 activities. Larvae exposed to 0.025 M of NaOCl did not show any toxic effect in the third instar larvae. The NaOCl is toxic at 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 M in the third instar larvae of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9.


The separation of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions in lithium nitrate solutions with 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (HEHEHP) dissolved in kerosene has been studied by solvent extraction and liquid membrane at 25.0±0.1°C. The distribution ratios of each metal increased with an increase in the HEHEHP concentration in the organic phase and the pH value in the aqueous solution


We have designed and implemented a real-time binocular tracking system which uses two independent cues commonly found in the primary functions of biological visual systems to robustly track moving targets in complex environments, without a-priori knowledge of the target shape or texture: a fast optical flow segmentation algorithm quickly locates independently moving objects for target acquisition and provides a reliable velocity estimate for smooth tracking. In parallel, target position is generated from the output of a zero-disparity filter where a phase-based disparity estimation technique allows dynamic control of the camera vergence do adapt the horopter geometry to the target location. The system takes advantage of the optical properties of our custom-designed foveated wide-angle lenses, which exhibit a wide field of view along with a high resolution fovea. Methods to cope with the distortions introduced by the space-variant resolution, and a robust real-time implementation on a high performance active vision head are presented.


Based on using FEM to analyze mathematic model in indoors fire hydrant systems,the full network array is set up.By using square root method,the symmetry positive matrix line equation groups is calculated,in order to get all elements of hydraulic.By composing general program,the exact calculating example is obtained,finally,we are satisfied with the results quickly and exactly.


It is widely understood that oil spill training is a key facet to preparedness but does the current global training curriculum meet the needs of exploration and production? And how do we ensure any...


ABSTRACTThe ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are postsynaptic ion channelsinvolved in excitatory neurotransmission. The iGluRs can be classified according totheir specific agonists into N-methyl- D -aspartate (NMDA), α -amino-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) and kainate receptors. Each of these classescontains several homologous subunits that assemble in a subtype-specific mannerinto oligomeric (tetra/pentameric) complexes.The iGluRs are integral membrane proteins for which there is as yet no structureavailable. However, some structural features of the subunits, including the primarystructure and its modifications, topology and domain organisation, have been solved.Extensive biochemical and biophysical characterisation has been so far hampered bythe lack of sufficient amounts of homogeneous material.In this study, the production and purification of an AMPA-type glutamatereceptor was investigated. Recombinant GluRD receptors were expressed inSpodoptera frugiperda Sf21 insect cells and purified by affinity chromatography.The purified receptor preparation contained over 2000 pmol of high-affinity (K


Virtual online games feature with virtual nature,convenient access,dominance and entertainment,so university students are subjected to the virtual game addiction for a sensory immersion.It's doomed to bring a negative influence on the normal process of socialization and the ideological and political quality formation and evolution of the students.By building up a finding system and "multi-subject" open education mechanism,strengthening the network of moral education,and setting up specific moral education project,it's hopeful to help the game addicted university students return to community and achieve the education targets.


An emission control circuit for controlling emission of R, G, B EL elements and method for driving an organic light emitting diode display using the same. An emission control signal generating circuit of a flat panel display includes a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes a plurality of EL elements, and emission of the elements is controlled by emission control signals. The circuit includes afirst signal generating device for generating one of the emission control signals, and a plurality of second signal generating devices for generating other ones of the emission control signals using an output signal of the first signal generating device and an external control signal. The first signal generating device may include a shift register. Each of the plurality of second signal generating devices may include a NAND gate using the external signal and the external control signal, or an inverted signal thereof, as two inputs.


The semiconductor light-emitting device having a low contact resistance and high reflectance at the same time that the reflecting film and the electrode with him comfort is disclosed. The disclosed semiconductor light emitting device includes a transparent substrate, and an electron injection layer of the first formed on the active layer, a hole injection layer and the hole injection layer formed on the active layer formed in a region that can provide high reflectivity and low contact resistance at the same time a first electrode structure and a second electrode structure, and the first and second electrodes and electrical coupling with the circuit board formed on a second region of the electron injection layer. Thus, while still reducing the absorption of light by the contact metal layer by adjusting a contact area of the metal in contact with the hole injection layer, it is possible to obtain a semiconductor light emitting device capable of improving light efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device.


Objective To discuss the variation of intraepithelial lymphocyte and lamina propria lymphocyte of small intestine(duodenum,jejunum,ileum) in rat under the condition in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods By immunohistochemical staining method,we observed the normal group and disease-causing group intestine mucosa variation of Tlymphocyte,calculated the quantity of IEL and LPL,and analyzed the result statistically.Results The amount of IEL and LPL in various part(duodenum,jejunum,ileum) of rat increased under the pathogenic group.Conclusion By immunohistochemical method that under the conditions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis,intestinal mucosa epithelium and lamina propria could be seen an increase in the distribution of T lymphocytes.IEL and LPL in different part of the intestine tract may play important biological roles in immune response of mucosa.


[Objective] To explore the effect of 5-fluorouracil on apoptosis and the expression of HIF-1α in esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cells.[Methods] EC9706 cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil in different concentration for 72 hours,then the apoptotic rate and the expression of HIF-1α protein were measured by flow cytometer and immunocytochemical staining methods.[Results] 5-fluorouracil could induce apoptosis and down-regulate HIF-1α protein expression in esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cells by concentration-dependent fashion.[Conclusion]Inducing apoptosis and down-regulation of HIF-1α may be the causes that 5-fluorouracil cure esophageal carcinoma.


Social welfare expenditures rose by 4.6 percent in 1989; as a share of GDP they fell below 27 percent for the first time in five years. Due to the favourable business cycle outlays for unemployment compensation have remained stable for the last two years, new claims for early retirement pensions, however, have not fallen significantly from their earlier peak. The old-age dependency ratio declined marginally in 1989 to 598 pension recipients per 1.000 active insured. Some 30 percent of old-age insurance expenditure is covered by federal budget subsidies, with little change in the ratio since the last cyclical trough. The real value of retirement benefits rose ¾percent in 1989, a similar increase in 1990 is brought about only by an extra cost-of-living adjustment. Net incomes of many pensioners were raised substantially by the tax reform in 1989.


In the present paper, a generalization of the sequences of q− Baskakov operators, which are based on a function τ having continuously differentiable on [0,∞) with τ (0) = 0, inf τ ′ (x) ≥ 1, has been considered. Uniform approximation of such a sequence has been studied and degree of approximation has been obtained. Moreover, monotonicity properties of the sequence of operators are investigated.


A cluster approach in professional education was analyzed. Students engineering competence cluster was presented. An educational cluster structure of polytechnic Higher Educational Institution (HEI) engineering competence development was considered; cluster operation principles in educational environments of the region were developed.


Studies of 70 cases of amyloidosis (A) in the past 18 years have provided strong evidence of a significant association between this condition and underlying plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD), particularly with Bence Jones (BJ) proteins (New England J. Med., 261: 1008, 1959; Sem. Hemat., 1: 3, 1964). In all cases of A with the so-called "primary," "atypical" distribution of infiltrates (i.e., tongue, heart, GI, skin), BJ proteinemia and/or proteinuria was demonstrable with a majority (⅔) of type L. This preponderance of type L over type K is significantly greater than that observed in our cases of myeloma (K:L, approx. 1:1) and indicates a particular association between type L BJ and A. As previously reported (Sem. Hemat., 1: 3, 1964), A-related BJ proteins were labeled with fluorescein (A-BJ-Fl) and compared with non-A-related BJ proteins (also Fl-labeled) for binding affinity to normal tissues (muscle, kidney, liver).


This article introduces the application and safety of genetically modified food,reviews the difference of attitude,administration in the world and analyzes the reason.


This paper presents a dual-rotor electrical machine, designed with grain-oriented electrical steel sheets and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets. In order to achieve high performance within limited volume, we have tried to increase the magnetic loading by using rare earth permanent magnets in the dual-rotor construction. The use of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets is preferred instead of usual non-oriented sheets in order to let flow high magnetic flux through the core material, avoiding the magnetic saturation. The two-dimensional vector magnetic properties in the dual-rotor core model are analyzed by using the finite element method with the E&SS modeling. The calculated results are compared with measured results on the prototype machine for verification of the designing.


Mineralogical components of hydrated high alumina cement were studied by means of infrared absorption spectroscopy. The same technique was also used to analyze the samples obtained from beams that had been made with high alumina concrete.
The article points up the importance of this technique as complementary to others used more habitually in the characterization of these compounds.


Traditional numerical methods for calculating matrix eigenvalues are prohibitively expensive for highdimensional problems. Randomized iterative methods allow for the estimation of a single dominant eigenvalue at reduced cost by leveraging repeated random sampling and averaging. We present a general approach to extending such methods for the estimation of multiple eigenvalues and demonstrate its performance for problems in quantum chemistry with matrices as large as 28 million by 28 million.


Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of combined laparoscopic surgery and hysteroscopic electrosurgery for partial repair of the cesarean scar and removal of the conceptus, respectively, in cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of data from 23 patients with CSP who underwent laparoscopic surgery together with hysteroscopic electrosurgery between January 2008 and January 2016 at our medical center. Under hysteroscopic visualization, the gestational sac and the complete cesarean section scar were cut by laparoscopic surgery. Results: Patient age was 28 ± 3.3 years (mean ± SD) with a range of 22-38 years. Patient gravidity was 3.0 ± 1.2 with a range of 1-6, while parity was 1.0 ± 1.5 with a range of 1-3. Intraoperative blood loss was 100.2 ± 32.7 mL (mean ± SD), operating time was 60 ± 48.6 min and the duration of hospitalization was 5 ± 1.2 days. Surgery was successful in all patients, with no instances of bladder injury. The level of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) began to decrease on the second postoperative day and returned to normal levels within one month of surgery. The mean time required for normalization of serum β-HCG levels was 25 ± 5.2 days (mean ± SD) with a range of 20-35 days. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery combined with hysteroscopic electrosurgery for partial repair of the cesarean scar and removal of the conceptus, respectively, is a safe, feasible and effective treatment approach for CSP.


A model reference discrete-time sliding mode control was presented for high precision permanent magnet linear synchronous motor servo systems with such uncertainties as parameter variation,end-effect and load disturbance.The servo problems were converted to simple regulation problems.One-step delayed disturbance approximation was employed to compensate the unknown disturbance.Moreover,in order to restrain the chattering introduced by high frequency unmodeled dynamics,a low pass filter was added to the MRDSMC system.Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can well suppress the influence of parameter variation and load disturbances,and make the system have good robust position-tracking performances.


72-pulse gate turn-off thyristor based voltage source converter (GTO-VSC) topology having a number of 12-pulse VSCs as elementary unit together with fundamental frequency mode of GTO gate control are widely used in STATCOM for dynamic reactive power compensation in electrical network. A 72-pulse topology generally produces an AC output voltage waveforms which contain 35th, 37th, etc. harmonics and hardly find its application due to higher total harmonic distortion (THD) level. In this paper, a new model of 3-level, 72-pulse, 500kV, -100MVAr STATCOM employing 6×12-pulse GTO-VSCs, fundamental frequency gate switching, PI-control methodology, DC capacitor as an energy storage and two stages of magnetics is designed and simulated to attenuate harmonics of the order of 35th, 37th, 73th, 75th etc. by Sim Power Systems toolbox in MATLAB environment. The operating performance of the compensator is studied for regulating voltage and power factor correction in electrical network and results show the model acceptable for power system applications.


The present invention relates to a lactic acid bacteria having hydrophobic surface properties and / or at least one Bifidobacterium strain used for preventing or treating and / or compositions of disorders associated with endotoxin in induced by endotoxin, and with lactic acid bacteria having hydrophobic surface properties and / or preparing at least one strain of a human or pet food composition of bifidobacteria.


This paper describes techniques that can be used to transform PDEs with variable coefficients into equations with constant coefficients. The techniques are illustrated by calculating shear flows over quite general surfaces, by solving the signaling problem for diffusive processes in inhomogeneous materials, and by solving the signaling problem for acoustical waves when the sound speed varies with distance. The techniques may also be used to solve equations governing processes in inhomogeneous, anisotropic materials.


Abstract This paper presents an application of the conditional logit model to a small, Nelson Mandela Bay neighbourhood housing data set, with the objective of determining the impact of proximity to a low-cost housing development on nearby property prices. The results of this pilot study show that the average household in the neighbourhood of Walmer is willing to pay between R27 262 and R195 564 to be located 86m further away from an existing low–cost housing development.


The Twin challenges of finding and producing hydrocarbons from increasingly complex reservoirs while meeting tighter fiscal constraints drive the need for well path and engineering design optimization. Just as designing wells within a 3D geological model or seismic volume can shorten well-planning cycle times, improve well placement and reduce drilling risk, the ability to make real-time updates to those 3D models, based on petrophysical log responses, enables rapid and informed replanning and engineering while drilling.


We developed the oxidation reaction of Cu(I) ion in aqueous hydrochloric solution by oxygen in a gas-lift capillary bubble column. The method of gas-liquid absorption with chemical reaction was used. Test data confirmed that the rate constant of the reaction is strongly affected by solution compositions, and that chloride ions induce an inhibition effect. The kinetical orders found are equal to 1 and 2 for oxygen and Cu(I) respectively. The influence of temperature on reaction rate constant showed the existence of a maximum value between 303 and 313K. The effect of gas-liquid of gas-liquid system on the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient kL was also investigated.