A learning process, at any level of instruction and training, normally incorporates the following actions [1]: (a) establishing the objectives of the learning process; (b) finding and revising (or creating) instructional material; (c) assessing students' level of knowledge; (d) assigning appropriate material to students; (e) defining the form of access students have to components/modules; (f) revising and following-up students' progress and intervening when necessary; (g) providing and managing communication between student and instructor and between students themselves (synchronous as well as asynchronous); (h) assessing the learning process and (i) preparing reports of the results of the learning process.


Preface OCLC Library Symbols Brief History of Art Music in Latin America Practical Guide to Research Catalogue of Composers and Works Coded Information Sources Anthologies and Collections of Music Series of Music Music Publishers Selected Discography Recording Companies Music Archives Biographical Bibliography Periodicals Appendices Selected General Bibliography Scholars, Organizations, and Schools with Special Interest in Latin American Studies


Our publication of "An Unexpected Mortality Increase in the United States Follows Arrival of the Radioactive Plume from Fukushima: Is There a Correlation?" in the International Journal of Health Services 42(1) reported an unusually elevated number of excess deaths in 122 U.S. cities during the 14 weeks following the mid-March 2011 arrival of airborne radioactive fallout from Japan. The publication has received considerable attention from scientists, media, and the public, since it is the first peer-reviewed publication to examine population-based data before and after the meltdowns at Fukushima. Most of the responses have been objective or supportive, with a minority offering criticisms of the methods and results. In this paper, we respond to several of the critiques, offering supportive evidence from our research and supportive research in the medical literature. We hope our comments are constructive and we view our research as a correlation, and potential evidence of a causal link, between radioactive exposures from Fukushima and increased health risk, underscoring the need for additional and prompt reports on the topic.


Raman microscopy is regarded as the best single technique for the in situ study of illuminated manuscripts II]. No samples need be taken from the object and no preparation of the object is required; the technique is non-destructive. Low power Raman microscopy allows the vibrational energy levels of a molecule to be probed. Monochromatic light is absorbed by the molecule and re-emitted in many colours that are uniquely indicative of that molecule a molecular fingerprint. Raman microscopy has very high spatial resolution allowing physical as well as spectral separation of pigment mixtures. The British Library contains one of the world's foremost collections of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts. These manuscripts have been well studied from a palaeographical viewpoint but far less is known about the materials and methods used in their construction. Materials used in the making of manuscripts internct with one another and may interact with materials used for conservation treatments. Conclusive identification enables the selection of appropriate materials for use in conservation of the object. Manuscripts do suffer from degradation; this is particularly common in leadand arsenicor copper-based pigments. Raman techniques can identify degradation products, in many cases establishing the nature of the degradation process, allowing its progress to be monitored. The identification of materials used in the construction of an object can give considerable information on the historical perspective. The presence of non-indigenous materials on objects of known origin indicates that trade routes with the source of the material existed. Information can be obtained about the environment in which the object was created. Costly materials indicate a wealthy patron or establishment, a change in material during the construction of an object may indicate a change in circumstance or workmanship, later alterations in other materials may demonstrate a change in ownership or a restoration. Evidence from Raman microscopy can provide confirmation, or contradict what was previously believed. Visual analysis of an unfinished manuscript can reveal the order in which the script and decoration were applied to the folio. The sequence in which the pigments were painted is clearly seen in a late thirteenth-century English book, the Abingdon Apocalypse (Add. Ms. 42555) but identification of the pigments themselves is not as simple. No Anglo-Saxon artists' pigment recipe books are known, although later mediaeval sources such as instructions from the scribe to the artist or pigment price lists do exist. Both types of source are subject to mistranslation, errors in interpretation and inaccurate description of the materials, which may, prevent conclusive identification. Optical microscopy, infrared imaging and ultraviolet photography have proved to be unreliable on occasion [2, 3]. Unsubstantiated identification by purely visual means has become accepted as fact and reproduced uncritically in current literature. In one of the standard catalogues on Anglo-Saxon manuscripts [4], mention is made of the use of an unusual metallic red pigment on two unrelated manuscripts (Ms. Arundel 155 and Ms. Cotton Cleopatra C VIII). Raman analysis revealed that this 'novel pigment' is a degradation product of red lead 15). It has been supposed that the traditional triptych of the Insular palette was composed of red lead, orpiment and verdigris, all of which would have been available to the Insular scribe 16). The results of Raman analysis have shown that this was not always the case. An Insular manuscript (Royal Ms. I B VII) that was made in Northumbria in the first half of the eighth century, virtually contemporary with the Lindisfarne Gospels, contains 12 illuminated Canon Tables, with major initials for the four Gospels and various smaller initials. The palette is limited to yellow, orange and green. Raman analysis demonstrated that the green used throughout the manuscript was made from a mixture of indigo (woad) and orpiment: vergaut rather than verdigris [4]. An example of Insular manuscript production is found in Add. Ms. 40618, an Irish 'pocket gospel' made between AD 750 and 756. The manuscript was 'modernized' for King Athelstan at Winchester in the tenth century. One original 'portrait' miniature of an Evangelist survived this modernization: some of the original Irish decoration can still be seen below the replacement initial for St Luke (f. 21v). This manuscript represents an entirely new product of the close cultural synthesis between Britain and Ireland from AD 550 to 950. The palette of the St Luke miniature consists of orpiment, red lead, verdigris and gypsum (used as a pigment extender). The purple pigment could not be identifiedthe most likely source is an organic plant material. The later paintings use a similarly limited palette but the artist has created a greater range of colours. The use of verdigris is discontinued, being replaced with orpiment in mixture. Ochres are used for the brown areas and a greater use is made of red lead. The artist introduces lapis lazuli as a blue pigment. Katherine Brown is a PhD candidate at the Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WCIH OAJ, UK. Michelle Brown is a curator of western manuscripts and David Jacobs is a senior conservator at the British Library, 96 Euston Road, London NWI 2DB, UK.


With the rapid development of Web 2.0, online public opinion has become an issue in the companies' development process. With numerous user-generated contents about real-world events generated almost in real-time, monitoring, evolution and management of online public opinion play the critical role for the healthy development of enterprises. By collecting articles about public opinion on the corporate network from CNKI and using Citespace based on social network analysis, we have combed the context of current research in this area, analyzed the characteristics of the current research on this topic, excavated research rules in this field and summarized research results to provide references for


The Biostatistics Collaboration of Australia (BCA) was formed in response to a shortage of statisticians seeking careers in the medical and health professions. The Collaboration has been successful in developing postgraduate courses (Graduate Certificate, Graduate Diploma and Masters) offered by a consortium of seven Australian Universities. These courses are available through a distance learning medium. The BCA was successful in securing funding from the Federal government to launch these courses, which commenced in March 2001. Two traineeships by the NSW Department of Health have also been awarded and a third is currently advertised. There has been close collaboration with governments, the pharmaceutical industry and research organisations to ensure that course content reflects practical problems and addresses industry needs. A second objective of the BCA is to provide ongoing workshops for practising biostatisticians to enhance professional development. These workshops serve to ring together biostatisticians from both within Australia and the Asia-Pacific region, providing a forum for discussion of current statistical thinking. (author abstract)


This report presents the findings from a study of the life cycle inventories for petroleum diesel and biodiesel. It presents information on raw materials extracted from the environment, energy resources consumed, and air, water, and solid waste emissions generated.


For many years now single-sideband (SSB) modulation has been used for almost all speech communication channels in the short-wave (2?30 MHz) bands. This is because SSB is the most spectrally efficient mode and does not waste transmitted power in redundant carrier components. Why has it not yet been adopted for use in the VHF and UHF land-mobile-radio bands?


Context of care Reflective practice Values in care practice Working with service users Collaborative working Assessment Adult protection Planning and reviewing services


We present effective numerical inverse Laplace transformation (ILT) method which belongs to the Abate–Whitt framework and exhibits some of the best properties among all the procedures of the framework. E.g., the proposed ILT method does not generate overshoot and undershoot (upward/downward jump exceeding the jump of the original function), numerically stable and gradually improving.


The effect of coherent molecular motion, e.g. flow, on pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance experiments is investigated theoretically. New pulse sequences are proposed which enable coherent velocities of the order of 10-3 cm s-1 to be measured. Equations are derived for spin-echo amplitudes in the new pulse sequence taking into account both random (self-diffusion) and coherent (flow) motion. Experiments are reported which confirm the predictions of the equations and some possible applications are discussed.


Background

Xenogeneic transplantation of islets of Langerhans into type I diabetes patients imposes a major challenge. This is even more exaggerated when the target is set as xenotransplantation of islets in relatively oxygen poor environment without the use of immunosuppressive therapy. To overcome these hurdles, adequate encapsulation technique and active oxygen supply should be employed.

Methods

A two-article device was developed (the βAir). The first contains an implantable bioreactor module comprising of islets of Langerhans encapsulated in alginate hydrogel and protected from the host immune system by a complex membrane. The second is an external oxygen injection device for replenishing of the islet biomass in the implantable device once a day.

Results

Both small and large diabetic animal models (rats and pigs) were experimented. The βAir device proved: (i) ability to maintain near normal glycemic control in rats transplanted with either isogeneic or allogeneic islets for a period of over 6 months and in pigs transplanted with rat islets using marginal dose of islets (~6,500 IEQ/kg) for a period of up to 75 days; (ii) ability to maintain adequate oxygen tension required to nourish the islets graft for a period of 24 h while maintaining optimal islet's function. (iii) long term separation of transplanted graft from host immune system thus maintaining normal islets function in rat allotype, in rat-to-pig and in human-to-rat transplantation systems and (iv) high level of biocompatibility and tolerability of the device.

Conclusion

The βAir device proved to offer functional solution to islets transplantation in allogeneic and xenogeneic setting. It may provide a solution to transplantation of porcine islets to diabetic patients.

References

[1] Barkai U, Weir GC, Colton CK et al. Enhanced oxygen supply improves islet viability in a new bioartificial pancreas. Cell Transplant. 2013; 22: 1463–1476.

[2] Neufeld T, Ludwig B, Barkai U et al. The efficacy of an immunoisolating membrane system for islet xenotransplantation in minipigs. PLoS One. 2013; 8(8): e70150.


The invention provides a method and a device for unlocking an electronic device. The method includes: displaying operating application logos on an unlocking interface; receiving a specific application logo in operating application logos displayed on the unlocking interface for preset operation; and recognizing the preset operation; shutting down the specific application according to the recognizing result of the preset operation, or unlocking the electronic device and starting an operation interface of the specific application.


In the present paper we study the effects of initial deformations and electric fields on the behaviour of the electromechanical coupling coefficients and on the shape of the slowness curves, in the case of progressive wave propagation in 6mm-type piezoelectric crystals along the symmetry axis, resp. in the plane normal to the previous axis.


Since the mid-1990s, US corporations have increasingly emphasized stock-based compensation for outside directors in order to align their interests with stockholders and thus boost firm performance. We demonstrate that stock options and stock grants (each as a ratio relative to total compensation) for directors were positively related to future firm performance (measured as stock returns, and, separately, as Jensen's Alpha) for a panel of 450 Standard and Poor 500 firms over 1995-97. Stock option ratios appeared to have a stronger impact on firm performance than stock grants did.


Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) is the vegetable that is popular and consumed by the community. Chemical fertilizers bring negative impacts on soil and consumer health, lead to change thewith liquid organic fertilizer from cattle dung and tofu industrial waste with floating raft hydroponic planting techniques. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and productivity of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The research was conducted on the campus of the University of Nusa Nipa Indonesia. The research method, quantitative data collection using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 5 treatments, namely P0 = 0% (control), P1 = 20%, P2 = 40%, P3 = 60%, P4 = 80%. Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves and wet weight. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 with an advanced test, namely the DMRT (Duncan's Mutiple Range Test) test. The results showed that the application of liquid organic fertilizer from cow dung and tofu industrial waste had a significant effect on the growth and productivity of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The effects include the growth of plant height and number of leaves as well as the yield of Ipomoea reptans Poir including wet weight (fresh) with the best concentration of P2 treatment with 40% POC concentration This research provides benefits for the community, especially the potential as farmers to further motivate the use of liquid organic fertilizer made from cow dung and tofu waste to increase crop income and soil fertility.


This paper applies acoustic analysis of Sound Transmission Loss (STL) through infinite Functionally Graded (FG) thick plate employing Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT). The procedure for applying a FG plate is followed by considering the material properties are changed continually based on power-law distribution of the materials in terms of volume fraction. The main benefit of HSDT can be justified knowing the fact that, it uses parabolic transverse shear strain across thickness direction. Therefore, no need to enter the extra effect of shear correction coefficient factor. Besides, the displacement field is extended as a combination of polynomial as well as hyperbolic tangent function by neglecting the effect of thickness stretching. Furthermore, the equations of motion are obtained employing Hamilton's Principle. To provide an analytical solution based on HSDT, equations of motion are combined with acoustic wave equations. Moreover, some comparisons are made with the known theoretical and experimental results available in literature to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the current formulation. These comparisons reveal an excellent agreement. Consequently, some configurations are presented to demonstrate which parameters appear to be effective to improve the behavior of STL including the effects of modulus of elasticity and density in the thickness direction with respect to various power-law distributions.


My paper will discuss Pasolini's preference for the figure of contradiction and his opposition to Hegelian dialectics, as he understood it, from the perspective of multistable figures or Kippbilder. A Kippbild is a figure that oscillates between distinct aspects without mediation or synthesis. My basic questions are whether it is possible to read Pasolini's insistence on contradictions in terms of multistable figures and what might be gained from such a reading.


developing IBD after treatment for HPI. Methods: The Explorys database (IBM Watson, Armonk, NY), an aggregate of Electronic Health Record data from 26 major healthcare systems in the US, was used to identify a cohort of adults age $18 years with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) defined as having a diagnosis of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and/or nonspecific peptic ulcer. This population was further categorized by a concomitant diagnosis of HPI. The risk of IBD was assessed by identifying incident diagnoses of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) 2 to 5 years after incident diagnosis of PUD in patients newly diagnosed with PUD (1/HPI) from 2008 to 2013. Results: 26,400 patients were diagnosed with both PUD and HPI (PUD 1 HPI), of whom 460 had CD and 360 had UC, which results in a prevalence of 1,742 per 100K and 1,364 per 100K patients, respectively. 391,890 patients were diagnosed with PUD without HPI (PUD HPI), of whom 9,370 had CD and 7,810 had UC for a prevalence of 2,391 per 100K and 1,993 per 100K, respectively (Figure). There is a decreased prevalence of both CD and UC in patients with PUD1 HPI compared to patients with PUD HPI (both p, .001). There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, or age at IBD diagnosis between patients with IBD (either CD or UC) and PUD 1 HPI compared to patients with IBD and PUD HPI (Table). Patients with HPI and IBD were less likely to be White (CD: 70% vs. 84%, p, 0.01; UC: 73% vs. 86%, p, 0.01). The ratio of incident CD diagnoses 2 to 5 years after PUD diagnosis compared to all CD diagnoses is similar in the PUD 1 HPI and PUD HPI cohorts (20% vs. 25%, p50.18). Similar results were seen in UC (22% in PUD 1 HPI vs. 24% in PUD HPI, p50.68). Conclusion: Among patients with PUD, the prevalence of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is lower in patients who also have HPI, which suggests that HPI may have a protective role in the development of IBD. However, the presence of HPI is not associated with later onset of IBD, nor does the incidence of IBD appear to increase 2 to 5 years after diagnosis (and presumed treatment) of HPI. Further studies are needed to understand the role of HPI in the pathogenesis of IBD.


Conversational artificial intelligence (AI), as a rapidly emerging technology, has made a huge impact in the fields of e-commerce, education, entertainment, health, journalism and productivity, and thus arousing the interest of governments, businesses and research institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to generate an overview of the recent developments in the field in order to plan further study effectively. To achieve the goal, we analyze the conversational AI literature between 2015 and 2020 with CiteSpace, which is used for the systematic evaluation of the knowledge structures. Based on the results of the analysis, we find the following insights: (1) The evolution of conversational AI research involves many categories while two major disciplines—computer science and ergonomics—lead the way. (2) The current research can be divided into two research areas: underlying technology architecture and smart scene applications. By using multiple complementary scientometric methods, our study visually presents the research history, current research hotspots and emerging trends in the field of conversational AI, to further promote its technology and application research.


We discuss the approximability of locally compact groups by finite semigroups and finite quasigroups (latin squares). We show that if a locally compact group G is approximable by finite semigroups, then it is approximable by finite groups, and thus many important groups are not approximable by finite semigroups. This result implies, in particular, the impossibility to simulate the field of reals in computers by finite associative rings. We show that a locally compact group is approximable by finite quasigroups iff it is unimodular.


The problem of state and output feedback stabilization of nonholonomic multiple chained systems is addressed and solved using a particular class of discontinuous control laws. The obtained control laws are relatively simple, compared with others existing in the current literature, and guarantee exponential convergence of the closed loop system. A simulation example, showing the main features of the proposed controllers, is enclosed.


Objectives:The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of heart rate variability after antidepressant treatment in depressed or anxious patients. We tried to find the usefulness of heart rate variability as a predictive marker of response to pharmacological treatments in the psychiatric field. Methods:Forty-seven patients with major depression, anxiety disorder, and somatoform disorder were treated over 4 weeks with antidepressants and were then classified as responders or nonresponders according to Hamilton depression scales or CGI scores. The HRV variables were measured and compared among the responders/nonresponders and the matched normal control. Results:The responders group exhibited low heart rate, low PSI, high SDNN, RMSSD, HRV index, NN50, pNN50, LNTP, LNLF, and LNHF compared with the nonresponders after 4 weeks antidepressant treatment. However, no significant difference in HRV variables was observed between the responders group after treatment and the normal control group and the response group after treatment. Conclusion:These results indicate that HRV variables would are normalized after successful antidepressant treatment and it that HRV has some possible uses as a predicting marker of antidepressant response. (J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2006; 45(6):527-533)


Chapter 3. Overview of Methods in Physics Education Research Part II of this dissertation is intended to help acquaint the reader with the methods and limitations of PER, in particular, the methods used in this investigation. This chapter provides a general overview of the models and methods of PER. The remaining chapters of Part II discuss in detail the specific research methods used in this dissertation.


Spontaneous bilateral intracerebral hemorrhage is an outstandingly
infrequent context. Ensuing hypertension, trauma inflicted to the brain
case is another common cause that out turn into the sequelae of
bilateral intracerebral hemorrhage. Lately, a few cases of bilateral
basal ganglia bleed have been revealed, as a repercussion of COVID-19
infection.


: Automata, with a history of more than 2,000 years, originated in Europe and means automatic mechanical devices, while Automata puppets use mechanical principles to give life and soul to wooden products, complete a series of actions and performances, and convey the designer's ideas to people at the same time. Emotions or ideas create a spiritual collision with the viewer. In addition, Automata puppets can have silent emotional communication with designers, which is also an emotional interaction. Wood material has the characteristics of warmth, simplicity and relaxation. Automata puppet products are more conducive to bringing spiritual comfort to high-pressure people in fast-paced life and relieving mental stress.


Abstract With several methods, a large number of liquid crystalline compounds were obtained, which contained a cyclohexane fragment with a lateral methyl substituent. Novel mesogena were studied for chemical, physicochemical, and mesomorphic properties.


Abstract:A pregnant millhand in 1920s North Carolina visits the riverbank described in a famous murder ballad, as she struggles to decide whether she should have an abortion.


It is possible to obtain the masses of Cepheid variables by several methods involving the pulsation theory. However, these masses are frequently smaller than those indicated by the theory of stellar evolution. The cause of this discrepancy is not fully understood. Since the pulsation theory indicates that there is a relation among the mass, the radius and the period, the discrepancy also manifests itself in the radii of these stars. With this in mind, radius determinations for two Cepheids, SU Cas and TU Cas, were undertaken. It is concluded that because of the agreement between the present radius and the beat radius of TU Cas, the pulsation theory is giving correct information about the radii of beat Cepheids. This implies that the luminosities of short period Cepheids have been overestimated. Thus, the solution to the mass discrepancy should perhaps be sought in the theory of stellar evolution or in the possibility of mass loss.


Atrazine has been synthesized by two times substitution reaction in which water is used as solvent,and tricyanogen chloride,isopropylamine and 1-ethylamine as raw materials. The best reaction condition is obtained by agent selection test and single-factor research experiment:agent (Tetrabutyl ammonium bromide) amount is 1.25 g,primary substitution reaction temperature is (18±1)℃,secondary substitution reaction temperature is (14±1)℃,holding time is 40 min. The purity of product is up to 92% and yield rate up to 73%.


This report gives the results of a Land Transport New Zealand (formerly Transfund New Zealand) funded research project carried out in 2003-2004 with the objective of facilitating the recycling of asphalt mix and ground tyre rubber (GTR) from waste tyres in New Zealand roads. The report gives the laboratory and field test results that have been used to revise the Transit New Zealand M/10 Asphaltic Concrete Specification to allow the use of 15 per cent of recycled asphalt (RAP). Tests included Marshall stability and flow as well as resilient modulus tests with up to 40 per cent of RAP. Test results from the road trials of the material, laid in 2003 in Manukau City, are also given. Results are also given of the properties of mixes incorporating ground tyre rubber (GTR). Results from road trials using 3 per cent recycled rubber laid in Manukau City in 2004 are given. These results have been used to give examples of where the benefits of increased flexibility (fatigue resistance) could make this a cost-effective treatment. (a)


Objective: to evaluate the correlation between sport performance and voice disorders in athletes. Patients and Methods: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research in the Faculty of Medicine, Minia University. This study conducted on two groups of subjects: Group (A) comprised of (94) athletes of different games as follows: 1. Team sports as (football, handball, basketball and volleyball). 2. Individual sports as (wrestling, boxing, judo, weightlifting, sport and fitness instructors). The control group (B) comprised of (100) normal individuals: they will be collected randomly from members not playing any sport game. Both of the study and control group will be statistically matched in all comparative data. The study carried out at Phoniatric Unit clinic at Minia University Hospital. Results: Performance of sports (team sports and individual sports) increases the prevalence of voice disorders in athletes.


Eneman and Philips' review, "Cancer Management in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease," comes at a time when this issue is of critical importance to oncologists. As the authors indicate, the confluence of two factors-chronic renal replacement therapy (CRRT) lengthening lives and an aging population in general-have made the study of organ dysfunction a pressing issue.[1] The authors provide comprehensive statistics on CRRT. Age statistics also support the necessity for further study of this special population. For all types of cancer, the median age at diagnosis is 68 years, and 70% of all cancer deaths occur in people aged 65 years or older. By 2050, experts expect that more than 40% of cases will occur in this age group.[2,3] Many of these people will have end-stage organ dysfunction and limited access to care because of their comorbidities.


Sweden and France are in many respects in the vanguard of high-level radioactive waste disposal efforts, and they offer sharp contrasts regarding basic strategies and underlying philosophies for waste management. We compare their waste disposal programs for insight into the dilemma of siting and developing a permanent waste repository. We find that technical decisions, as well as the more obvious sociopolitical decisions about repository development, are shaped by deep-seated social and political forces in each nation. Copyright 1991 by The Policy Studies Organization.


82.22 The inverse square law of attraction Much has been written concerning the inverse square law of attraction, but there is one particular property of it which does not appear to be mentioned in the textbooks. For the inverse square law of attraction, the frequency of small oscillations about a circular motion is the same as the year of the motion. Using plane polar coordinates (r, 0), consider a particle of mass m, moving under a central attractive force, that is, a force acting along the radius vector directed inwards towards the origin, of magnitude f(r) per unit mass. The equations of motion of the particle along and perpendicular to tihe radius vector are respectively given by m(f r</>) = -mf(r) and


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate squeezing motion between conical plates lubricated by ferro-fluid couple stress lubricants considering convective fluid inertia effects.

Design/methodology/approach
Based upon the Stokes couple stress theory, Ferro-hydrodynamic model of Shliomis and averaged inertia principle, squeeze film characteristics between conical plates are obtained.

Findings
According to the results, it is found that couple stress ferro-fluid lubricants increase squeeze film characteristics. Moreover, with increasing convective fluid inertia parameter, the squeeze film characteristics are increased. In contrast, the dimensionless load-carrying capacity diminishes when half cone angle of conical plate increases.

Originality/value
This paper is relatively original and it describes the squeeze film characteristics between conical plates with ferro-fluid, convective inertia, couple stresses and half cone angle of conical plate effects.


Given the disease severity and well-publicized philanthropic efforts concerning breast cancer, it is not a new arena for medical researchers, computational or otherwise. The goal in most breast cancer classification problems is to determine whether a patient's lesion is malignant or benign. Machine learning has been successfully applied to this problem in recent years; for example, a group in Turkey reported higher than 99% accuracy for SVM classification on the widely used Wisconsin University breast cancer dataset. However, the holy grail of machine learning techniques that fuse high or even reasonable accuracy with readily accessible features from the average clinic has proved elusive. The previously mentioned group used carefully measured pathological features such as single cell epithelial size and mitoses that are not always included in a standard clinical report.


Interaction-induced magnetism at the ends of carbon nanotubes is studied theoretically, with a special focus on magnetic anisotropies. Spin-orbit coupling, generally weak in ordinary graphene, is strongly enhanced in nanotubes. In combination with Coulomb interactions, this enhanced spin-orbit coupling gives rise to a superspin at the ends of carbon nanotubes with an $XY$ anisotropy on the order of 10 mK. Furthermore, it is shown that this anisotropy can be enhanced by more than one order of magnitude via a partial suppression of the superspin.


A review is presented in this paper for computer simulation of performance of a gas turbine engine.Three-hierachy idea for the simulation of jet engine performance is proposed in this paper.The computer simulation program has been used to analyze the design parameters of turbofan engine.The thermodynamiccycle at design point and the performance at off-design point are computed present the application of computer simulation technique to the design of a gas turbine engine.


OBJECTIVE
To understand the repercussions of COVID-19 on the path of pregnancy.

METHOD
Qualitative, participatory action research (PAR) study, based on Paulo Freire's Research Itinerary. A virtual culture circle was held in October 2020, with the participation of 12 pregnant women, living in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil.

RESULTS
In the virtual culture circle, pregnant women talked and critically reflected on two generating themes: flowers and thorns in the course of pregnancy. They meant living in the virtual culture circle as spaces for sharing experiences, welcoming and learning, among others.

CONCLUSIONS
For the participants, pregnancy during the pandemic brought difficulties such as social isolation, absence from work and the university, fears, anxieties, loneliness and insecurities. However, it also improved health care, intensifying self-care and investment in family relationships.


A systematic procedure to synthesize interval observers for nonlinear discrete-time systems is proposed. The feedback gains and other matrices are found from the solutions to semidefinite feasibility programs. Two cases are considered: (1) the interval observer is in the same coordinate frame as the given system, and (2) the interval observer uses a coordinate transformation. The conditions where coordinate transformations are necessary are detailed. Numerical examples are provided to showcase the effectiveness of the interval observers and demonstrate their application to sampled-data systems.


Eleven fish cell lines were compared for susceptibility to red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV). Cytopathic effect was produced in BF-2, CHSE-214, FHM, JSKG, KRE-3, RTG-2 and YTF cell lines among the cell lines examined. The titers of the virus on BF-2 and KRE-3 were higher than those on the other cell lines.The pretreatment of BF-2 and KRE-3 cells with polyethylene glycol (PEG) or addition of PEG to the sample increased the virus titers. RSIV replicated at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C and 30°C but not at 37°C. The suitable temperature for viral growth was 20°C or 25°C. The virus was sensitive to acid (pH 3), chloroform and ether and unstable to heat but stable to ultrasonic treatment and repeated freezing and thawing. Treatment with 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine (IUdR) reduced the titers of the virus.


The local health director Organization and administration Planning, analysis and assessment Budgeting and fiscal management Accountability Program management Communicable disease programmes Health promotion and protection Clinical programmes Automation Marketing Health services Laws, rules and regulations Difficult choices, future challenges.


At the beginning of the 21st century, paradigmatic positioning that gave companies a social function beyond a mercantilist function had not yet been reached a consensus. The economic crisis caused certain fracture on the basis which these discourses are based on, which generates an interest on the analysis of the business ethics from different points of view. With these precedents and from an axiological approach, the aim of this paper is to realise a conceptual dissertation through the discussion of the phenomenon around needs and values, with the aim of analysing reference patterns that are present in normative scopes, social demands and comparative factors of other analogous periods, such as the Great Depression of 1929. For this, we take as a basis Bradshaw's theory of needs. With the aim of laying the analytical foundations for future researches, the result has been the grouping of concepts in five large dyads need/value.


Purpose of the study: This research aims to describe legal issue related to the protection to Indonesian migrant workers who work abroad and to analyze the existence of migrant workers in Indonesia, viewed from human rights which must get legal protection in constitution and regulation of legal norm and implementation in the applicable legislation.
Methodology: This research used the normative research methodology supported by empirical data from the document of institutional study.
Main Findings: Research about the protection of human rights in Indonesian Migrant Worker sector is a certainty. It is guaranteed in the international documents (Declaration of Human Rights in the United Nations, Convention of United Nations on Ecosoc and ILO Convention) and national documents (1945 Constitution and Law of Indonesian Migrant Worker Protection). However, in the perspective of its implementation, it has complexity. The protection to Indonesian migrant workers involves many parties, central and regional rules, and culture. This research focuses on the context of Indonesian Migrant Worker protection in a country where they work from the perspective of human rights. This research has novelty since it captures and analyzes issue of Indonesian Migrant Worker in rules and empirical terms based on the database.
Applications of this study: this study can be useful for Immigration is one of the instruments to support unity of family with different nationality background.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The new in this study that may find the ideal concept of the treasury of jurisprudence, particularly for foreign citizens who legally get married with Indonesian citizens and ex-Indonesian citizens and children born from legitimate mixed marriage with double citizenship.


This paper presents a new electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis technique which is applied to example EEGs pertaining to nine human subjects and a broad spectrum of clinical scenarios. While focusing on technique physical efficacy, the paper also paves the way for future clinically-focused studies with revelations of several quantified and detailed findings in relation to high-order central nervous system communicative impulse encoding akin to a sophisticated form of phase-shift keying. The fact that fine encoding details are extracted with confidence from a seemingly modest EEG set supports the paper's position that vast amounts of accessible information currently goes unrecognised by conventional EEG analysis. The technique commences with high resolution Fourier analysis being twice applied to an EEG, providing newly-identified harmonics. Except for deep sleep where harmonic phase, φ, behaviour becomes highly linear, φ transitional values, ∆φ, measured between harmonics of progressively increasing order are found to cluster rather than follow a normal distribution (e.g., χ2 = 303, df = 12, p < 0.001). Clustering is categorised into ten Families for which many separations between ∆φ values are writable in terms of k = j/4 or j/3 (j = 1, 2, 3 ...), with a preference for k = j/2 (χ2 = 77, df = 1, p < 0.001), amounts of a Family-specific quantum increment value, α∆φ. A parabolic relationship (r > 0.9999, p < 0.001) exists between α∆φ (and the parabola minimum associates with an additional inter-Family or universal quantum increment value, αmin). Ratios of α∆φ typically align within ± 0.5% of simple common fractions (95% CI).


In my previous two articles for The Law Enforcement Journal, I have written about the recent advances we in Indiana made towards professionalism through the Refresher and the Revocation laws. The question naturally arises as to why these rules are necessary for law enforcement to be considered a profession. It could be argued that there was no monumental increase in police performance the day these laws were enacted; nor did police misconduct cease; nor did recruit qualifications skyrocket. So what makes these things necessary and are there others that we have not yet addressed?


The utility model relates to a wire belt spray type cleaning machine, which belongs to the field of cleaning machines. A torsion limiter is positioned at the motor portion to protect a motor, a self weight tightener is arranged at the chain portion to tighten a chain through self weight, a running direction mode of the chain adopts a mode running from the bottom of a machine to bring convenience to maintenance and spare space for work stations, a water cutting station is arranged to prevent water in all tanks from mixing, and an upper hand knife and a lower hand knife are arranged in stagger mode to avoid interference and improve air drying effects. Simultaneously, the wire belt spray type cleaning machine has the advantages of being simple in operation, high in work efficiency and low in consumption cost.


: Aim: Aim is to study the association of hyperthyroidism with blood pressure. Subjects and Method: The present study was conducted in department of medicine, LN Medical college Bhopal.64 patients who were diagnosed to be hyperthyroid were taken and their blood pressure is correlate with their thyroid profile. Results and Conclusion: In the present study there is a significant increase in blood pressure (BP) in patient with hyperthyroidism with isolated systolic hypertension is the most common in our study.


To elucidate the critical factors influencing the ammonia (NH3) concentration in Beijing, this study combined observational analyses, backward trajectory calculations, and meteorology–chemistry coupled simulations to investigate the variations in the NH3 concentration from 11 May to 24 June, 2015. A significant positive correlation was found between the NH3 and PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing. By examining the relationships between meteorological parameters and the NH3 concentration, both near-surface temperature and relative humidity showed positive correlations with the NH3 concentration. The higher NH3 concentrations were usually associated with the warming of the upper atmosphere. Distinct wind directions were noted during the days of the top and bottom 33.3% NH3 concentrations. The top 33.3% concentrations were primarily related to southwesterly winds, while the bottom ones were associated with westerly and northerly winds. Since there are strong NH3 emissions in the southern plains adjacent to Beijing, the regional transport induced by the southerly prevailing winds would increase the NH3 concentration in Beijing significantly. From 23 to 25 May, more than one third of NH3 in Beijing was contributed by the southerly transport processes. Thus, joint efforts to reduce NH3 emissions in the whole Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region are necessary to regulate the NH3 concentration in Beijing.


Using the "extended Euclidean plane" model we prove the existence of the fixed point of a collineation of the real projective plane. At first we obtain the collineation as a product of a reflection in a line, a reflection in a point and a central-axial collineation. Then we prove the existence of the fixed point of the product of the second and the third mappings, and also that it is possible to choose the center of the second one so that this fixed point will lie on the axis of the first one. We examine the locus of the mentioned fixed point, too.


"¿ overt― colon cancer, many of whom had metastases, and by other investiga tors.4'5 In another expanded study, however, patients with earlier disease were included, with a fall in positivity to 72 percent.6 (Table 1.) The positivity rate fell even further to 59 percent in patients seen preopera tively, but rose to 96 percent in those with evidence of metastases following surgery .@†̃ These findings have been widely confirmed. The combined Canadian National Cancer Institute/American Cancer Society Study reported 62 per cent positivity in patients studied preoperatively using the Thomson-Gold assay.8 Thus, CEA levels vary with the stage of disease. In three series of patients tested by three different assays, CEA positivity ranged from a low of 19 to 40 percent in patients with localized disease (Duke's Stage A) to as high as 100 percent in those with widespread metastases, commonly to the liver. It is clear that the CEA assay is a better indicator of widespread disease particularly of metastases to the liver than it is of early colon cancer. A preoperatively negative assay (normal: <2.5 ng./ml.)* does not exclude the diagnosis of cancer, but it does make the diagnosis of metastases less likely. Gold's demonstration of a glycoprotein antigen in human colon cancer in 19651 and Thomson's description four years later of a radioimmunoassay for carcin oembryonic antigen in serum,2 stirred the imagination and interest of both lay and scientific communities. CEA and alpha-fetoprotein especially, as well as other tumor markers, have been exten sively evaluated clinically. The sim plicity of the original concept—that macromolecules immunochemically identical to embryonic antigens are also produced by common human cancers—has been modified by practi cal clinical realities.


The form factors for the radiative transitions between charmonium mesons are investigated. We employ an anisotropic lattice using a Wilson gauge action, and domain-wall fermion action. We extrapolate the form factors to Q2 = 0, corresponding to a real photon, using quark-model-inspired functions. Finally, comparison is made with photocouplings extracted from the measured radiative widths, where known. Our preliminary results find photocouplings commensurate with these experimentally extracted values.


T. Kozlowski, V. Nickeleit, K. Andreoni. Donor‐transmitted adenovirus infection causing kidney allograft nephritis and graft loss.
Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 168–173. All rights reserved


Electroplating is a low cost process where metal ionsin a solution are reduced by an applied electric field onto aconductive substrate. This process has been studied extensively, but is still critical for modern technology and R&D. In the HPinkjet printing business, electroplating is primarily used in themanufacturing the orifice plate (OP) for integrated print-headproducts. To extend the OP functionality, a novel cost-effectivethree-dimensional (3D) OP has been developed to addressnumerous micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) applications, including surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).


Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic amisulpride tablets and imported tablets.Methods A single oral dose of 200 mg domestic and imported amisulpride tablets were given to twenty healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study.4 mL blood was collected at scheduled time.The concentrations of amisulpride were determined by HPLC-MS/MS method.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of two preparations were as follows: AUC0-48 were(3.01±0.86),(2.94±0.88) μg·h·mL-1,Cmax were(392.19±135.35),(419.84±154.25) ng·mL-1,t1/2 were(9.42±3.02),(8.89±3.05) h,tmax were(3.70±0.80),(3.80±0.77) h,respectively.The relative bioavailability of domestic and imported amisulpride tablet to imported tablet was(104.0±17.1)%.Conclution The results demonstrated that the two preparations were bioequivalent.


We theoretically investigate light trapping with disordered 1D photonic structures in thin‐film crystalline silicon solar cells. The disorder is modelled in a finite‐size supercell, which allows the use of rigorous coupled‐wave analysis to calculate the optical properties of the devices and the short‐circuit current density Jsc. The role of the Fourier transform of the photonic pattern in the light trapping is investigated, and the optimal correlation between size and position disorder is found. This result is used to optimize the disorder in a more effective way, using a single parameter. We find that a Gaussian disorder always enhances the device performance with respect to the best ordered configuration. To properly quantify this improvement, we calculate the Lambertian limit to the absorption enhancement for 1D photonic structures in crystalline silicon, following the previous work for the 2D case [M.A. Green, Progr. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2002; 10(4), pp. 235–241]. We find that disorder optimization can give a relevant contribution to approach this limit. Finally, we propose an optimal disordered 2D configuration and estimate the maximum short‐circuit current that can be achieved, potentially leading to efficiencies that are comparable with the values of other thin‐film solar cell technologies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Literary adaptation "ourished in eighteenth-century England in relation to drama. At the beginning of the century, Shakespearean and French rewritings were central to the critical debate on theatre and adapters boasted full authorial credentials, acquiring a digni#ed status. !is condition dramatically changed in the second half of the century when the neoclassical concept of art as imitation was replaced by the development of the notion of creation as something original and unique. !is paper aims at exploring the way authorship was a$ected by this recon#guration through an analysis of the adapter and, in particular, through the analysis of Samuel Foote's !e Liar (1762).


Background Lopinavir/ritonavir-containing antiretro-viral therapy can cause hyperlipidaemia. However, most statins are contraindicated due to drug-drug interactions. Rosuvastatin undergoes minimal metabolism by CYP450, so no CYP450-based interaction with lopinavir/ritonavir is expected. This study explored the lipid-lowering effect of rosuvastatin and assessed the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin and vice versa. Methods HIV-infected patients on lopinavir/ritonavir (viral load <400 copies/ml) with total cholesterol (TC) >6.2 mmol/l were treated with rosuvastatin for 12 weeks, starting on 10 mg once daily. If fasting target values (TC<5.0 mmol/l, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol >1.0 mmol/l, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-c] <2.6 mmol/l and triglycerides <2.0 mmol/l) were not reached, rosuvastatin was escalated to 20 mg or 40 mg at week 4 and 8, respectively. Plasma lopinavir/ritonavir trough levels (Cmin) were determined at week 0, 4, 8 and 12 and rosuvastatin Cmin, at week 4, 8 and 12. Results Twenty-two patients completed the study. Mean reductions in TC and LDL-c from baseline to week 4 (on rosuvastatin 10 mg once a day) were 27.6% and 31.8%, respectively. Lopinavir/ritonavir concentrations were not influenced by rosuvastatin (P=0.44 and 0.26, repeated-measures analysis). Median (interquartile range) rosuvastatin Cmin for 10 mg, 20 mg and 40 mg once daily were 0.97 (0.70–1.5), 2.5 (1.3–3.3) and 5.5 (3.3–8.8) ng/ml, respectively. Conclusions Rosuvastatin appeared to be an effective statin in hyperlipidaemic HIV-infected patients. Lopinavir/ritonavir levels were not affected by rosuvastatin, but rosuvastatin levels unexpectedly appeared to be increased 1.6-fold compared with data from healthy volunteers. Until safety and efficacy have been confirmed in larger studies, the combination of rosuvastatin and lopinavir/ritonavir should be used with caution.


Non-load cracks appeared on the web of 0# segment when a rigid frame long-span bridge was under the construction,where crack disease investigation was carried through with steel wire strain gauge and temperature sensor pre-embedded in the web,so data of stress and temperature were collected during in concrete hardening process.It is testified that the temperature stress caused by hydration heat and shrinkage is the main factor resulting in non-load cracks appearing on the web of 0# segment.


For fixed integer a ⩾ 3, we study the binary Diophantine equation a/n = 1/x + 1/y and in particular the number Ea(N) of n ⩽ N for which the equation has no positive integer solutions in x and y. The asymptotic formula Ea(N) ∼ C(a)N(log log N)2m−1−1(log N)1−1/2m, as N goes to infinity, is established in this article, and this improves the best result in the literature dramatically. The proof depends on a very delicate analysis of a certain combinatorial property of the underlying group (ℤ/aℤ)* and m depends in a subtle way on the factorization of a.


The present invention generally relates to a method for improving the selectivity of ethylene oxide process, the ethylene oxide process utilizing a catalyst comprising a rhenium promoter is highly selective silver catalyst ethylene oxide is converted to ethylene oxide, wherein the normal after the operation, performed on the catalyst surface chlorides hard strip, thereby removing a portion of the chloride on the catalyst surface. After the hard strip, optionally re-optimizing the catalyst. Surprisingly, it has now been found that the selectivity of the catalyst after the hard strip selectivity significantly higher than prior hard strip.


In this paper, a two-phonon coherent state has been introduced to investigate the influence of coupling with a quantum tunneling system on phonon states. Comparing with usual one-phonon coherent state, this new phonon slate has the following properties: (1) Its energy is renormalized by the quantum tunneling system; (2) Its suppression effect on the renormalized tunneling parameter is reduced; (3) It makes the whole system in a more stable ground state.


A 14nm FinFET CMOS 12-b current-steering digital-to-analog (DAC) for 2G/3G/4G cellular applications is presented. A bit segmentation of 6-bit thermometer and 6-bit binary is adopted, and it utilizes the dynamic element matching (DEM) technique to suppress the spurious tones caused by the current source mismatches in 3-D FinFETs. In addition, to keep the voltage drop across each transistor within long-term reliability limit, output switches are designed with shielding transistors while achieving make-before-break operation with the proposed low crossing point level shifter. The active area of a single DAC is 0.036 mm2, and its power consumption is 6.1 mW with SFDR of 80 dBc.


Background: Evaluation of an individual's hearing involves administering a test battery, and these assessments collectively complement each other in defining the degree, type, and configuration of hearing loss. Among the acoustic stimuli used in such tests, speech signals are the most complex and possess significant redundancy. Therefore the use of conventional word lists during routine audiological evaluation may, through redundant information, lead to overestimation of the performance of individuals with high-frequency sloping hearing loss. The Gujarati language, with 56 million native speakers in India, currently has only a conventional speech identification test. The present study aimed at developing and standardizing high-frequency word lists in Gujarati. Material and methods: The study was conducted in three phases. Phase I: development of high-frequency word lists in Gujarati. Phase II: establishment of norms for the developed word lists on 180 normal hearing individuals belonging to different geographic regions of Gujarat. Phase III: Checking the applicability on 25 individuals with high-frequency sloping hearing loss and 25 individuals with flat frequency hearing loss. Results: A Shapiro–Wilks test revealed a normal distribution. One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference between the scores obtained from the two high-frequency word lists. There was a significant difference in mean speech identification scores (SIS) for individuals with high-frequency sloping hearing loss in which use of conventional word lists gave a mean score of 77% while use of the high-frequency word lists gave a mean score of 53%. Conclusions: Two high-frequency word lists each of 25 words were developed. The word lists were found to be reliable, equally difficult, interchangeable, and effective in detecting communication difficulties due to high-frequency sloping hearing loss.


The cause of diaphragmatic defects is problematic (Dussaut et al. 1981, McCredie & Reid 1978) its incidence varies from 1 : 1000 to 1: 10,000 (Andrt 1971, Butler & Claireaux 1962, Jackson 1967, Whittaker et al. 1968) and may be increasing (David et al. 1980). Most cases are sporadic, but there was a case report of affected sibs as early as 1916 (Makela 1916). We were presented with a nonconsanguineous couple whose first child had died of bilateral diaphragmatic eventration. The woman, being pregnant again, was counseled with a low risk of recurrence, but gave birth to a child with a bilaterally extended diaphragmatic defect.


When proposing a whitelist-based anti-ransomware solution (WAR), it was pointed out that WAR could be vulnerable to a dynamic-link library (DLL) injection attack: An attacker can cheat the WAR using DLL injection techniques so that it can access files for which it does not have access rights. Therefore, if such an argument may be valid, it is essential to improve the vulnerability to utilize WAR securely. This paper first analyzes whether the DLL injection technique causes the vulnerability of WAR. Then, it proposes a solution to prevent a DLL injection attack on WAR.


tached to this technique. First, the fact that the sample size for any analysis is limited to 100 subjects by reason of the manner in which the boards are constructed, limits the use of this technique. Although Guttman has stated that a sample of 100 respondents is sufficient for a test of scalability, it was found, in many instances, that the coefficient of reproducibility (a test for scalability) was not too stable for successive


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an automatic inspection and control method for a reagent rapid test strip production system, with image processing techniques.Design/methodology/approach – Fluorescence, color arrangement and combination matching with the database were used to identify the responses of biochemicals. The position accuracy and insufflation consistency between the control line and test line on a reagent rapid test strip will be analyzed from the image after series processing.Findings – The system can identify failed products and regulate production conditions to insure that the quality standard is maintained. The idea edges of the control line and test line are the boundary at which a significant change occurs in the surface reflectance and illumination of the viewer. But the change of the real boundary of the test line may be insufficient for identification.Research limitations/implications – As the illumination of biological reagent images cannot be measured precisely in th...


At first glance, one might view the political differentiation in the European Union as a reflection of the autonomy of its member states, signifying flexibility and the dispersion of democratic control. However, under conditions of complex interdependence and economic integration, political differentiation can undermine the fundamental conditions for democratic self‐rule. Political differentiation may cause dominance. It is argued in this article that we must move beyond Philip Pettit's conception of dominance as the capacity to interfere with others on an arbitrary basis, in order to properly identify the undemocratic consequences of differentiation. Political freedom is also a question of institutional provisions to co‐determine laws. From this vantage point, differentiation raises the spectre of dominance in the form of decisional exclusion and the pre‐emption of political autonomy. Drawing on a re‐conceptualisation of dominance, the effects of differentiation on the possibility of self‐rule are examined, and two systematic effects of political differentiation are identified. It is argued that segmentation is the systemic effect of differentiation in the vertical dimension of integration. Here, dominance occurs in the form of exclusion from decision‐making bodies and the denial of choice opportunities. In the external horizontal dimension, the systemic effect of differentiation is hegemony. Some states are vulnerable to arbitrary interference and the pre‐emption of public autonomy. The article discusses developments within the Eurozone as a case of segmentation and the statues of associated non‐members as a case of hegemony. With regard to the latter, we are faced with the phenomenon of self‐incurred dominance.


Network architecture uses the application server autonomous access (ASAA) server (12) that enables calls and call routing across different types of wireless and wireline access networks. ASAA server (12) provides a connection between the external voice or data network (14) and the radio transceiver (WTRU, 13). External voice or data network (14) may be a public switched telephone network (PSTN) or public data network (PDN), the connection between the external network (14) and WTRU (13), ASAA server (12 It is provided via an access network using data from).


Primary school students with learning barriers in mathematics is very common,thus the teachers should give them more attention,carrying out specific teaching according to their particularities,which has very important significance in improving the overall academic level of the students. This paper mainly analyzes the existing problems in the students in academic,emotion,psychology,social contact and behavior,and puts forward some relevant suggestions for education.


To ensure the post-service platform security in the late service period,it is necessary to predict platform structure residual life reliability.This paper focuses on platform global time-varying reliability resulting from component dynamic failure and fatigue failure under random wave loads.Firstly component fatigue reliability and dynamic reliability were calculated according to Miner linear cumulative damage theory and first crossing failure criteria,components with larger failure probability were searched and deleted.Then the wave incremental dynamic analysis was used to find the limiting wave height which the platform could bear.Finally combining with the wave statistics,platform global structure time-varying reliability was calculated to predict the residual life.The example shows the practicality and simplicity of the proposed method.


The theoretical model of potentiometric titration curves of sodium dodecyl sulfate (anionic surfactant) was proposed and the response parameters of two surfactant sensors (commercial and self-made) were investigated. The both sensors were used to generate potentiometric experimental data, which were incorporated into the calculations using the mass and charge balance equations.The experimental data were compared with appropriate theoretical curves in which the sensor response parameters (sensor slope S, constant potential term Eo, potentiometric selectivity coefficient ( , pot i j K ), sensor's


The invention discloses a method and device for upgrading and running software. The method comprises the steps that an upgrade file of the software is obtained, wherein the software is installed in the first area of a terminal system, and the first area is a sensitive area, where identification needs to be conducted, in the terminal system; the obtained upgrade file is stored in the second area of the terminal system, wherein the second area is the area, except for the sensitive area, in the terminal system; a configuration file of the software is altered, wherein the configuration file is generated in the second area during software installation, the altered configuration file comprises storage path information of the upgrade file and version information of the upgrade file and is used for running the upgrade files when the software is started. Due to the fact that the upgrade file is stored into the area, except for the sensitive area, in the terminal system, and the configuration file needed during software running is altered, software upgrading complexity is reduced.


The article presents the results of research on clarification of the concept of «financial security», approaches to the definition of this term in today's conditions.


Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is an acute, febrile, tick-transmitted rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia conorii , an obligate intracellular bacterium endemic in Mediterranean countries, Africa, and Asia.The major vector of the disease is the dog brown tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus . 1,2 The first clinical description of spotted fever disease in Croatia was reported in the city of Split (central part of southern Croatia, eastern coast of Adriatic Sea) by Tartaglia in 1935. 3 The first well documented, serologically confirmed cases of MSF in Croatia were reported among inhabitants and tourists in Split and its adjacent suburban-semirural area in 1982. 4 Ever since a prospective study on MSF in the area of Split was carried out at University Hospital Split, the only hospital in the region, where cases of MSF are observed every year. This article presents an overview of data accumulated from 1982 through 1999 and describes demographic and epidemiological features of patients with MSF in the region of Split, Croatia.


Rhineland-Palatinate's Hydro Potential Rhineland-Palatinate has already developed a considerable portion of its hydropower potential. There still is, however, an untapped potential for medium and smaller hydro schemes; this potential is currently identified within the framework of a study entitled "assessment of Rhineland-Palatinate's migratory fish watercourses with a view to their passability and suitability for hydropower generation". The data base used for this study is the QUIS-RLP information system on transversal dam structures as of May 2006. In 2006, there were 175 hydropower plants with a total installed hydro capacity of 240 MW in Rhineland-Palatinate. 200 MW were installed in 14 plants along the Mosel River and the Saar River with a capacity of � 1 MW. In addition, there are a considerable number of medium-sized and smaller plants. The annual amount of energy generated by existing plants was estimated to be 0.98 TWh. The untapped potential amounts to 0.03 TWh/a, of which some 0.01 TWh/a can probably not be used for economic and ecological reasons.


This special issue of the Scandinavian Journal of Public Health is devoted to articles on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). I have been asked to participate with a personal contribution and have been given the freedom to write whatever I find appropriate. My main message in this article is that a questionnaire is not just a questionnaire. A questionnaire, such as COPSOQ, is a tool for creating theoretical insight, an eye opener for employees and employers, a way to create a new language, a bridge for building long lasting ties between researchers and workplaces, a way to give legitimacy to the field of psychosocial factors at work, an instrument for creating new personal and professional friendships, and – last but not least – a tool for improvement of the working conditions for thousands of employees and for increasing the productivity of the companies. I cannot cover all these aspects in detail but I will touch upon most of them in the following.


Abstract In this article, we discuss the ei litta construction in Norwegian, a construction that involves the use of feminine morphology combined with non-feminine nouns, and expresses evaluation. Through corpus analyses and an online survey, we investigate the form and function of the construction, synchronically and diachronically. We discuss the emergence of the ei litta construction in the light of a larger restructuring of the Norwegian gender system, possibly allowing for greater flexibility in the assignment of gender. We also describe the ei litta construction as an example of gender shift, a previously unattested morphological strategy in Norwegian to express evaluative meaning.


Knowledge management (KM) ensures that schools do not forfeit a wealth of tacit knowledge assets that dwell in the minds of individual members of staff. It also ensures that this knowledge is not only externalised but is also documented and deposited into the institutional memory or repository for it to be retrieved and re-used at a later stage. The quantum of this qualitative study was informed by the paucity of literature on the role of KM in South African schools. It adopted a SWOT (i.e., strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis both as a theoretical framework and an instrument to evaluate the effectiveness of KM application in two township schools in the locality of Emalahleni in Mpumalanga province. The study revolved around a sample of 14 participants drawn from populations of teachers, administrative clerks, heads of departments (HoDs), and principals. The social constructivist element of the study meant that the researcher took part in understanding participants' constructions of their realities about KM application in their schools. As far as the internal dynamics of the studied schools were concerned, it transpired that even though both schools had supportive school governing bodies, and reasonably efficient ICT infrastructure and connectivity, much of the KM weaknesses were caused by anti-collaborative knowledge-exchange practices, the erosion of Ubuntu-directed ethical undertakings, ill-treatment of administrative staff by teachers and HODs, and principals' inaccessibility to the workforce at a lower level; all of which contributed to teacher absenteeism, low staff morale, knowledge hoarding, poor communication of policies and loss of tacit knowledge. The study also presents tabulated findings of the kinds of threats that schools can guard themselves against and the opportunities they can tap into in order to leverage KM.


In this paper we have compared 7 distance measures for face recognition using multi resolution analysis. Different wavelet families like Haar, Daubechies, Symlet, Biothogonal are used to test the results. Recognition experiments are performed using the database containing images of 400 persons. The experiments showed that the best recognition results are achieved using Manhattam distance measure on A2 and A3 subbands of symlets 8 wavelet.


Using the DEA-based Malmquist total factor productivity index, this article measures the total factor productivity of Nepalese commercial banks during the period 2010-2011 to 2016-2017. It also examines whether the ownership structure and size of banks affect their efficiency. An input-oriented DEA model is used with aggregate panel data covering all the 28 commercial banks that are currently operating in Nepal. This article adopts constant returns to scale approach to measure and compare the efficiency and productivity of banks and to establish a benchmark for their performance. Interest expense, operating non-interest expense, deposits and labor are used as inputs variables and interest income, operating non-interest income and loan and advances as outputs variables. These data are extracted from the annual reports of the respective commercial banks. The mean efficiency score measured in terms of total factor productivity change resulted 1.008, which indicates that the efficiency level of Nepalese commercial banks has been increasing very slowly at the rate of 0.8% annually. Ownership structure of the banks influences marginally on the efficiency level of banks. The domestic private banks are relatively more efficient than the joint venture banks and the latter are comparatively more efficient than the public banks. The size of banks makes no significant difference in the efficiency level of banks.


Oscillation and spectral properties of the one‐term differential operator of the form are investigated. It is shown that certain recently established necessary conditions for discreteness a boundedness below of the spectrum of l are also sufficient for this property. Some related problems are also investigated.


Input key 10 is inclined possible key top (keytop; 220), a key top supported portion 20, is provided on the support plate 60, in contact with the key top supported portion (20) when pressing the key top to the contact the key top 220 is inclined with the key top to be supported portion key top support 30 for supporting 20 and the support plate 60 is on or the key top 1 or more provided with an input information on a (220) assigned direction more inclined the detection unit 54, the inclination direction detecting section and the oblique direction to detect the inclination direction of the key top 220 when the pressure of the pressure detector, an input key 10 for detecting the pressing of the input key 10 detected and a character determining section for determining to input information based.


(1) The ratio of the time required to reach the maximum electrical resistivity in isothermal aging curves of the Al-Zn-X ternary alloy to that in the binary alloy may be inversely proportional tothe ratio of the concentration of vacancies bound to Zn atoms immediately after quenching in the ternary alloy to that in the binary alloy. It is possible to deduce the binding energy between an atom of an X element and a vacancy using this relation. (2) The binding energies determined by this method agree very well with those obtained by other authors with other methods. This fact may be considered to show reliability of this method for determination of the binding energy. (3) The effect of the valence of the solute element on the binding energy between an atom of a third element and a vacancy was remarkable. (4) The effect of the radius of an atom of the solute element on the binding energy is also observed, but this effect is smaller than that of the valence. (Received July 31. 1964)


To the best of the authors' knowledge, the intention of undergraduate students towards self-employment has not been yet studied in Yemen. We aimed to study the intentions of undergraduate students towards self-employment as a career choice. Since most literature agrees that future intention towards self-employment can be determined by using the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), this theory is used as a theoretical framework in this study. A questionnaire survey was completed by a random sample ( n = 451) of university students, undergraduate level, at one of the major public universities in Yemen. Results were based on descriptive analysis and multivariate statistical analysis including crosstabs, bivariate correlation and binary logistic regressions. Results of correlation test indicates that there are positive and significant correlations between dependent variable students' intention to be self-employed and independent variables; entrepreneurial awareness ( r = .338, n = 401, P .20). Binary logistic regression results showed that both variables, entrepreneurial awareness (s = 2.154, p 0.744). Our study suggests that providing entrepreneurial capabilities among citizens may improve social norms toward entrepreneurship. The study also makes a valuable contribution to the under-researched context of Yemen entrepreneurship. Keywords: Self-employment intention, Undergraduate students, Yemen, Theory of Reasoned Action. DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/10-2-08 Publication date: January 31 st 2020


The etymological motivation is the most original reason of language creation and base of words production.Analysis on the etymological motivation will make contribution to understand the source of these kinfolks' appellation of a nationality and the marriage and family relationships.


We present ACMI, an FM-based indoor localization system that does not require proactive site profiling. ACMI constructs the fingerprint database based on pure estimation of indoor received signal strength (RSS) distribution, where only the signals transmitted from commercial FM radio stations are used. Based on extensive field measurement study, we established our own signal propagation model that harnesses FM radio characteristics and open information of FM transmission towers in combination with the floor-plan of a building. Output of the model is an RSS fingerprint database. Using the fingerprint database as a knowledge base, ACMI refines a positioning result via the two-step process; parameter calibration and path matching, during its runtime. Without site profiling, our evaluation indicates that ACMI in seven campus locations and three downtown buildings using eight distinguished FM stations finds positions with only about 6 and 10 meters of errors on average, respectively.


This study aims to determine the effect of external factors, namely the variable Bank Indonesia Interest Rate (SBI), Inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth towards the Net Interest Margin (NIM) of Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2013-2017. The research sample consisted of 31 banks taken using purposive sampling technique. The data used is secondary data and is panel data. The analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with Random Effect model. The results showed that SBI and GDP growth had a positive effect while inflation had a negative effect on the NIM, where only the GDP growth variable had a significant effect on the NIM.


T Parallelism is the most common and very important technique for getting speedup in processors. This paper presented a concise review on some of the existing types of parallelism and the application area of that parallelism. The quantity of parallelism utilized in spatial parallelism depends most effective at the wide variety of independent tasks. These days multiprocessor systems are highly in demands because multiprocessor systems provides higher performance, lower costs and sustained productivity in real life applications. Multiprocessor systems are used in many areas such that – petroleum exploration, medical, weather forecasting, Artificial Intelligence, expert system, sensors, military defiance


We present a deep [O III] λλ4959,5007 image of the northern filamentary jet in the Crab Nebula taken with the 8.2-m Subaru telescope. Using this image and an image taken with the Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) 4-m in 1988, we have computed proper motions for 35 locations in the jet. The results suggest that when compared to the main body of the remnant, the jet experienced less outward acceleration from the central pulsar's rapidly expanding synchrotron nebula. The jet's apparent expansion rate yields an undecelerated explosion date for the Crab Nebula of 1055 ± 24 CE, a date much closer to the appearance of the historic 1054 CE guest star than the 1120–1140 CE dates estimated in previous studies using filaments located within the remnant's main nebula. Our proper motion measurements suggest the jet likely formed during the 1054 supernova explosion and represents the remnant's highest velocity knots possibly associated with a suspected N–S bipolar outflow from the supernova explosion.


The OpenStreetMap (OSM) geographic data model has three principal object types: nodes (points), ways (polygons and polylines), and relations (logical grouping of all three object types to express real-world geographical relationships). While there has been very significant analysis of OSM over the past decade or so, very little research attention has been given to OSM relations. In this paper, we provide an exploratory overview of relations in OSM for four European cities. In this exploration, we undertake analysis of relations to assess their complexity, composition and flexibility within the OSM data model. We show that some of the patterns discovered by researchers related to OSM nodes and ways also exist in relations. We find some other interesting aspects of relations which we believe can act as a catalyst for a more sustained future research effort on relations in OSM. These aspects include: the potential influence of bulk imports of geographical data to OSM, tagging of relations, and contribution patterns of edits to OSM relations.


The American Cancer Society (ACS) has issued its 2002 update of cancer screening. The screening guidelines are organized by site of cancer and include discussions of recent research, recommended tests or procedures, recommended frequency of testing, and updates on the state of research or clinical trials.


The paper estimates the path of trend growth rates for Russian GDP based on an autoregressive model with exogenous variables and with a time-varying parameter of trend growth, which, by assumption, is described by a random walk process. In conditions of a high dependence of the Russian economy on commodity exports, terms of trade are used as a control exogenous variable for GDP dynamics. For the purpose of econometric estimation, the ARX model is presented as an unobserved components model and estimated using the maximum likelihood method with the Kalman filter applied. It is shown that in the first half of the 2000s the trend growth rate was at 4%, which can be interpreted as recovery growth after a transformational recession. The higher growth rates actually achieved during this period are explained by the intensive growth of world oil prices. Later, the potential for recovery growth was exhausted, and after the crisis of 2008 the rates of trend growth were remaining at the level of 2% per year for a long period of time. However, following the 2014 crisis, trend growth rates began to decline steadily, and had reached about 1% per year by the beginning of 2019, which can be interpreted as the impact of sanctions and geopolitical uncertainty on the economic development of the Russian Federation. The results of an econometric analysis of the model on household consumption and investment data also suggest that the trend growth rate is approximately 1% per year at present.


The checking stability calculation techniques for the guard support sections of the vibro-shock hardening stand is performed. The arched construction is accepted for the analytical model.


Because of the completeness of concept lattice,the efficiency of building concept lattices is always a bottleneck restricting the next application.Starting with the building of concept lattices,the paper introduces the opinion of synonymy concept lattice.Applying the characteristics of the synonymy concept lattice,the paper proposes an algorithm of the vertical union of synonymy concept lattices(VUSCL).The test results show that the algorithm makes better improvement in time complexity than the other vertical union algorithms found in the related literatures when the number of nodes increases.


Despite evidence that youth gain weight disproportionately over the summer months, few studies examine contributing obesogenic behaviors. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this study examined associations between summertime dietary intake patterns and executive function among 79 low-income urban minority early adolescent girls (ages 9-13 years). Participants were interviewed via the multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recall method and completed individually administered executive function tasks. A subsample of 14 parents completed interviews to gather qualitative information about summertime eating patterns. Results suggested that participants consumed 25% to 35% more daily calories than recommended, and inhibition difficulties were associated with higher calorie and sugar-sweetened soft drink intake. In addition, over one third of participants were classified as nighttime eaters, and these participants had more difficulty with inhibition, even when accounting for sleep influences, and consumed more soft drinks than daytime eaters. Qualitative interviews consistently indicated that summertime changes food consumption as well as the timing and structure of the meals.


Several different procedures are presented to produce smooth interpolating curves on the two-sphere S2. The first class of methods is a combination of the pull back/push forward technique with unrolling data from S2 into a tangent plane, solving there the interpolation problem, and then wrapping the resulting interpolation curve back to the manifold. The second method results from converting a variational problem into a finite dimensional optimisation problem by a proper discretisation process. It turns out that the resulting curves look very similar. The main difference though is that the first approach gives closed form solutions to the interpolation problem, whereas the second method results in a finite number of points. These points then require further treatment, e.g., one could connect them by geodesic arcs, i.e., by great circle segments, to get an approximate solution to the variational problem. Although the result would not be smooth, it seems to be the best that one can get if the discretisation process is combined with a sufficiently cheap interpolation procedure


Comprehensive management is one of the basic requirements for artificial forestry. After the Qing Dynasty the economy of forestry commodities was highly developed in Jinping, a county located the downstream area of the Qingshuijiang River in Qiandongnan Autonomous Prefecture. Local forestry farmers among the Miao and Dong left a large number of forestry contracts, which brought out an institutional insurance to the forestry management. Research and field study of the contracts proved that the forest management was an integrated one. This management was not only a rational perception of the local Miao and Dong to the natural ecosystems, but also their ecological wisdom and skills adapted to the natural ecological environment.


1) A new diagnostic roentgen sign that is highly suggestive for a diagnosis of alveolar cell carcinoma has been described. 2) Bronchography in such cases presents a characteristic appearance. The bronchi are extremely narrow, uniformly distributed, rigid, filled rather than coated, while the terminal bronchi and alveoli are free of contrast. 3) Six cases exhibiting this sign are presented.


2013, Volume 160, Issue 3, Pages E13-E21. J. Electrochem. Soc. Carlos H. Hidrovo Carlos A. Rios Perez, Onur N. Demirer, Rebecca L. Clifton, Rachel M. Naylor and Applications Concentration NaCl Solutions for Water Desalination Macro Analysis of the Electro-Adsorption Process in Low service Email alerting click here in the box at the top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up


Intercalation on hydrotalcite has been expected to apply for the drug delivery system. Osteoblast was cultivated in the culture solution dispersed hydrotalcite-ATP intercalation compound. The cells expanded in volume after 3 h cultivation. Hydrotalcite was not toxic and a part of it can be incorporated in the osteoblast. Fine size of hydrotalcite crystals is necessary for its endocytosis. Their fine crystals of < 50 nm were obtained in the precipitation from aqueous solution in strong magnetic field of 5 T applied vertically to the gravity. The intercalated drug should be concentrated at the diseased part. Magnetic hydrotalcite can be transferred by an external magnetic field to the part. Hydrotalcite was firmly bonded on the surface of magnetite particles by firing its coated complex at 400°C in nitrogen atmosphere.


We present the photometric and spectroscopic analysis of four W UMa binaries J015829.5+260333 (hereinafter as J0158), J030505.1+293443 (hereinafter as J0305), J102211.7+310022 (hereinafter as J1022), and KW Psc. The VR c I c band photometric observations are carried out with the 1.3 m Devasthal Fast Optical Telescope (DFOT). For low-resolution spectroscopy, we used the 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) as well as the archival data from the 4 m LAMOST survey. The systems J0158 and J0305 show a period increase rate of 5.26( ± 1.72) × 10−7 days yr−1 and 1.78( ± 1.52) × 10−6 days yr−1, respectively. The period of J1022 is found to be decreasing with a rate of 4.22 ( ± 1.67) × 10−6 days yr−1. The period analysis of KW Psc displays no change in its period. The PHOEBE package is used for the light-curve modeling and basic parameters are evaluated with the help of the GAIA parallax. The asymmetry of light curves is explained with the assumption of cool spots at specific positions on one of the components of the system. On the basis of temperatures, mass ratios, fill-out factors, and periods, the system J1022 is identified as a W-subtype system while the others show some mixed properties. To probe the chromospheric activities in these W UMa binaries, their spectra are compared with the known inactive stars' spectra. The comparison shows emission in H α , H β , and Ca II. To understand the evolutionary status of these systems, the components are plotted in mass–radius and mass–luminosity planes with other well characterized binary systems. The secondary components of all the systems are away from ZAMS, which indicates that the secondary is more evolved than the primary component.


I present an analysis of a survey in which the effect of entrepreneurship education and project-based education on students at lower secondary level is investigated. The results are based on a random sample of 2000 Danish students. The analysis indicates that entrepreneurship education has a positive effect on students' personal development, and that its effect on entrepreneurial intentions is fully mediated by its effect on students' self-conception. A finding with important policy implications is that there is a negative interaction effect between entrepreneurship education and project-based education regarding impact on students' self-conception. The implication of the results is that we should replace project-based education with entrepreneurship education rather than having them run in parallel.


Ultrasonic compression wave propagation is sensitive to the physical state of particulate liquid suspensions – colloids and emulsions. It is possible to estimate dispersed particle size distribution (PSD) from measurements of wave attenuation and/or phase velocity as functions of frequency. It is also possible to detect and characterise dynamic phenomena such as flocculation, network formation and crystallisation. Despite these possibilities the take-up of ultrasonic techniques has been slow, even though the methods have considerable advantages over competing techniques such as laser light scattering in that they can be applied to optically opaque liquids contained in opaque metal vessels and pipe work. In this paper we discuss the physical principles underlying the ultrasonic characterisation of particulate mixtures covering both hydrodynamic and scattering theories, and showing how PSDs are obtained from wave propagation data. On the basis of these theories combined with experimental results from real materials we review the ultrasonic signal conditions that are required for the successful characterisation of suspensions, particularly in relation to the performance of the electronic system. We show how the available signal bandwidth determines the complexity of the information that can be gained about the test material. We conclude with examples of ultrasonic systems that we have built for both laboratory bench top use and for application in-line to pipe work on process plant. Introduction: Ultrasonic compression wave attenuation and phase velocity exhibit a frequency dependence that depends on the physical properties of the material through which the wave propagates. In the case of particulate mixtures they depend on the physico-thermal properties of both phases and on the dispersed phase particle size distribution (PSD). Changes in the state of the mixture due to, for example, flocculation or crystallisation can be recognised and quantified from measurements of the ultrasonic attenuation spectra [1,2]. Most ultrasonic systems for such measurements are custom assembled from commercial components and do not lend themselves to in-process applications. A few quite sophisticated commercial instruments are available, such as the Ultrasizer (Malvern Instruments Ltd, UK), but again these are not primarily designed for process use. Ultrasound is highly suited to process applications because it can be used to probe optically opaque materials through the opaque walls of process pipe-work and vessels. In this paper we outline the underlying physics of the interactions between ultrasonic waves and particulate mixtures, showing how measured ultrasonic propagation variables are sensitive to PSD. We next consider how the signal to noise performance of the electronic-ultrasonic system, combined with the dynamic range of measured attenuation data, sets limits on the available measurement bandwidth and ultimately the amount of information which can be gained in a measurement on any given colloidal mixture. The ideas are then considered in the context of the constraints on the sizes of pipes and vessels on which measurements are to be made, leading to a simple procedure for the assessment of the feasibility of any given measurement. Physics of ultrasonic wave propagation in particulate mixtures: In a homogeneous liquid mixture ultrasonic compression wave propagation can be represented by the following expression:


In this paper, we consider the nonparametric estimation of a broad class of quantile regression models, in which the partially linear, additive, and varying coefficient models are nested. We propose for the model a two-stage kernel-weighted least squares estimator by generalizing the idea of local partitioned mean regression (Christopeit and Hoderlein, 2006, Econometrica 74, 787–817) to a quantile regression framework. The proposed estimator is shown to have desirable asymptotic properties under standard regularity conditions. The new estimator has three advantages relative to existing methods. First, it is structurally simple and widely applicable to the general model as well as its submodels. Second, both the functional coefficients and their derivatives up to any given order can be estimated. Third, the procedure readily extends to censored data, including fixed or random censoring. A Monte Carlo experiment indicates that the proposed estimator performs well in finite samples. An empirical application is also provided.


This book opens up opportunities in the new curriculum for creative and imaginative teaching and covers all areas of children's literacy from poetry and literature to SPAG. Case studies of teaching are used as a starting point for learning, and guidance on practical teaching strategies is included throughout.


The fact is not very widely known that the League of Nations and governments acting in coöperation during a period of just over twenty years between the two world wars have built up an effective international drug administration spanning the entire world. It may perhaps be said that the general public has come to realize that a useful piece of work has been and is being done with good results, but only a few specialists know the main principles on which international coöperation in regard to narcotic drugs is based; and perhaps still fewer have any knowledge of the fact that to make possible effective control of narcotics it was necessary to create special international machinery with wide powers of supervision, regulation, and even sanctions. It should be mentioned at the outset that this international administration has survived the onslaught of the present world crisis which proved fatal to many other efforts in international coöperation. This signifies that the governments of countries of the free peoples of the world have maintained national control of drugs and have continued their coöperation with each other and with the League of Nations and the international drug organs. A proof of this is the fact that in January, 1943, one of these organs—the Supervisory Body—had received from governments of all the free countries in the world except one, Liberia, the estimates of the drug requirements for 1943 which governments are required to furnish under the terms of one of the drug conventions.


s:A popular view is that the purpose of indigenous innovation is to break out the multinational's technology monopoly.This approach makes university and research institute the key actors while government takes the leading role.We show that this kind of approach makes firms as irrelevant,no sense of market use.It is an approach that will lead to limited value for China.We need to make smart innovation by better use of global knowledge.


This article discusses the circulation of information extracted from François Valentyn's Oud en Nieuw Oost-Indiën (1724–1726) during the eighteenth century, both with regards to the central organs of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in the Netherlands and the VOC establishments in the East Indies. First, three documents are analysed that were part of five VOC directors' personal archives, with the aim to determine the way these directors made use of Valentyn's book. It is concluded that for these directors Oud en Nieuw Oost-Indiën was probably the most important source of information about the VOC's trading empire, while at the same time their epistemic interest was limited to matters of trade. Second, the usage of Valentyn's book in various VOC establishments in the East Indies is assessed on the basis of correspondence between these establishments with the VOC central government in Batavia. Because of the fact that Oud en Nieuw Oost-Indiën was used simultaneously as a source of information by several actors, both in the Netherlands and in the East Indies, this might have resulted in standardising the operational knowledge of the East Indies within the VOC network.