Aim: The aim of the study was to explicitly develop a methodology of delineation of natural Protected Designation of Origins (PDO) terroir regions for Austria, where PDO viticulture regions reflect natural conditions only in a formal manner.Methods and results: There is increasing competition in the wine market from globalized trends, where the European Union (EU) and non-EU wine producers have adopted different market strategies to promote their wines and gain larger market share. The EU has therefore established protective agricultural product categories such as PDO and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) based on the terroir concept which contrasts with USA strategies. Here, we first collected and derived as many as possible relevant physical geographical data for a total of 66,673 officially registered vineyard areas in Burgenland (Austria). Next, we applied factor analysis to these data with the aim to shrink their size and reduce their dimensionality. For each vineyard plot was derived a factor score which was used for performing k-means clustering. The best count of clusters, k-parameter, was estimated using five internal validity indices. Five homogenous management zones were created as a result of clustering. Correctness and accuracy of the clustering was evaluated by multidimensional discriminant analysis. The final zones were compared to current Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC) of Burgenland.Conclusion: It was found by the comparison of DAC regions of Burgenland and our drafted zones that some of the DAC regions do not respect natural terroir zones, while these regions were created as PDO regions which should respect their natural terroir.Significance and impact of the study: The presented methodology can be applied all over Austria and, with some modifications caused by different input data, to each EU member country where it is necessary to revise PDO regions' borders.


Statement of purpose To determine the outcome of the use of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 (BMP7) as a replacement for bone graft in a limb reconstruction unit Methods Retrospective case note and imaging review was performed on a cohort of 71 consecutive patients from October 2009 to October 2012 in whom BMP7 was used to achieve union. The patients were identified from a pharmacy database. Factors analysed included the perceived indication, location in the skeleton, age, comorbidities, type of procedure (non-union, fusion, docking site etc), complications and need for revision surgery. Results BMP7 was used in 71 patients with a median age of 63 (mean 58, range 17–86). The majority of patients were in the seventh decade. 62 were non-unions, eight were for fusion of docking site and one for fusion of an osteotomy. Circular external fixation was used in 20, IM nails in four, and plate fixation in 47. Indications for using BMP7 as opposed to bone graft included advanced age, immunosuppressive comorbidities or medication and obesity. In 65 cases bony union was achieved after the index procedure and one patient needed further surgery. There were five failures: two patients died before union and three failed to heal with the index intervention, leading to 74 procedures in 71 patients. BMP7 was used in several anatomic sites: femur (n=29), humerus (n=15), tibia (n=18) and in fusion of a joint (n=9). Overall success rate for achieving union was 93%. Local inflammation lasting a mean of three weeks was seen in six cases, and five patients developed heterotopic ossification, of which one was symptomatic. Conclusion BMP 7 can be used as a replacement for autologous bone graft with predictable success in situations where bone graft harvest may be deemed unsuitable either because of local or systemic factors.


Injection-compression is a method of injection moulding. Its advantage is that it avoids the limitations of conventional injection moulding, which is conditioned by the shape of the moulding. There are some difficulties during conventional injection moulding caused by different wall thicknesses and flow path ratios. Because of the long and narrow flow path, there is considerable resistance in the mould. This is the reason why an extremly high injection pressure has to be insured. At the same time, the mouldings have a high-degree orientation. Injection-compression was developed in the middle of the 1960's with the intention to decrease the injection pressure. In this process the mould is being filled up until it is completely closed. At the end, the mould becomes completely closed with high pressure, so the moving part of the mould acts as a press for the compression moulding. This paper will describe the well-known and common processes of injection-compression of thermoplastic mouldings and the process called GMV Compression Fill. Its special quality is the variable volume of mould cavity. It enables the moulding of stiff-flow thermoplastics, even when the ratios of wall thickness and flow path are quite high. In order to complete the topic, we mention also the orientation problems in injection moulding.


System water has different forms of bond and structure. During any technological processing of food products, system water changes its composition, i.e. its form and structure.There is a large variety of both thermodynamic and molecular-kinetic methods of study of system water of food products, due to which we have acquired a large amount of information. However, the interpretation of the information is not sufficiently clear.The purpose of the study is to present correlation between the thermodynamic and molecular-kinetic methods of study of system water of food products, and to obtain new data on the dynamic behavior of system water of starches and starch-containing materials during the dehydration.Applying the method of EPR-spin signs, we studied the kinetics of moisture removal from colloidal capillary-porous models of starch with varying values of its molar mass and concentration. The molar mass was varied using different starches and the molar concentration – using different amounts of starch during the preparation of the model. We have obtained the dependences of the amount of moisture, which acts as a salt solvent, and amount of moisture, which does not solve salt, during the drying of models.It was found that the larger the molar mass of the starch molecules, the larger the surface area of a model. It was noted that the increase of starch molecules reduces the porosity of models of starch and, consequently, changes their properties to absorb water.It was noted that the data can be used to analyze the form and structure of moisture in starch-containing materials and products during their processing.


We investigated early local changes induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 and a novel carrier, poly[L-lactide-co-glycolide] copolymer-coated gelatin sponge (PGS). A 1.5 cm segmental bone defect was created in the diaphysis of the right ulna of male Japanese white rabbit. Defects received PGS with or without rhBMP-2 (0, 0.4, or 1 mg/cm3) and were harvested at 3, 7, 14, 21, or 28 days post implantation for histological examination. Immuno-staining for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was also performed. Spindle-shaped cells were observed in the rhBMP-2-treated groups 3 and 7 days after implantation. Bone regeneration was detected after 14 days in the rhBMP-2-treated groups and the bone area increased with time and dose. Expression of VEGF was observed in all groups at 3 days and was maintained by 14 days only in the defects treated with rhBMP-2 at a dose of 1 mg. These results indicate that rhBMP-2 exert its osteo-inductive activities via the promotion of osteogenic cell mobilization, and possibly via angiogenesis based on VEGF induction. Foreign-body reactions to the implanted PGS were similar to those observed when either poly[L-lactide-co-glycolide] copolymer or gelatin was individually implanted. These results indicate that the PGS is a useful and safe carrier for rhBMP-2.


ABSTRACT

This study aims to reveal the facts that have occurred as well as provide another view of the world of football fans, one of the many groups of Bonek supporters named Green Nord 27 (GN'27) in its journey so far there is prophetic leadership and the application of strategic management in changing the old tradition of Bonek supporters who are considered bad to transform for the better. The study approach uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection by observation, interviews and documentation. Furthermore, it is analyzed by starting with data collection, validation, reduction and presentation of data until the final conclusion. The location of the study is on Green Nord 27 which is in the city of Surabaya. Informants in this study included: the founders until the coordinators of Green Nord 27, conductors of supporters, members of Bonek supporters and security forces. The results of this study suggest that Green Nord 27 also pioneered the modernization of supporters and became the frontline of changing the dynamics of Bonek supporters towards a positive direction. interprets amar ma'ruf nahi munkar on two main aspects, namely: wanting to change the bad culture of Bonek supporters so far so that in the future it will change to be more positive and at the moment of fighting for Persebaya by fighting against the arbitrariness of the PSSI federation at that time. the leader or coordinator figures have so far indirectly applied the prophetic leadership breath that is based on the four qualities of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. regarding: siddiq (truthfulness), amanah (trustworthiness), tabligh (advocacy) and fathonah (intelligent) which have a correlation with establishing a truth by fighting evil. The Our Tribune Our Rules campaign from Green Nord 27 also has a contributive impact on other Bonek supporters from year to year. Implementing strategic management processes in realizing goals so far includes: mission statements, environmental analysis, organizational self-assessment, setting goals and objectives until establishing strategies.
Keywords: Prophetic Leadership; Strategic Management; Change Management; Green Nord 27


Support for a relationship between bleeding during warfarin therapy and patient age derives predominantly from two lines of evidence. Studies examining age as a risk factor for warfarin-related bleeding have found conflicting results. Seven studies enrolling a total of 14,388 patients found that older patients were approximately twice as likely to bleed as younger patients were during warfarin therapy. In contrast, another seven studies enrolling a total of 2940 patients found no increase in the frequency of warfarin-related bleeding in older patients (1–8). The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF) II study randomized 385 patients older than 75 years of age to treatment with warfarin vs aspirin (3). The rate of major hemorrhage was 1.7% per year in patients aged 75 years or younger who received anticoagulation vs 4.2% per year in older patients (risk ratio, 2.6; p 5 0.009); rates by age for intracranial bleeding were 0.6% per year and 1.8% per year, respectively ( p 5 0.05). These results have been challenged on the grounds that the bleeding rates among older patients were significantly higher than in previous trials addressing primary stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Older patients may be at increased risk for anticoagulant-related bleeding because of their increased incidence of adverse drug reactions, increased prevalence of comorbidity and polypharmacy and increased vascular and endothelial fragility. Furthermore, the anticoagulant effect of warfarin is increased in older patients (4).


The Franciscan Laetus Himmelreich is one of the pioneering pro-Jewish spokesmen in the Catholic church. he even enivisaged chiliastic perspectives and was co-founder of the Amici Israel in 1926. In Dachau he underwent experiments and remained cripple afterwards.


High pressure oxidation has been applied to the oxide isolation of high speed bipolar LSI, with fully ion-implanted shallow junctions and multilevel metallization. A sorter oxidation time for the thick field oxide brought about a smaller redistribution of impurities of a buried collector, which resulted in almost 30 % higher breakdown voltage of devices and also a smaller base-collector capacitance (CTC). A propagation delay time of an ECL gate was improved approximately 10% at low power operation due to the small CTC. A minimum delay time of 0.6 nsec/gate with power consumpation of 1.3 mW(0.8 pJ) was obtained. Oxidation induced defects were greatly influenced with high pressure oxidation temperature, and the optimum temperature was found to be around 1050°C. A master/slice ECL gate array including 900 internal gates was fabricated by utilizing high pressure oxidation technology. The device performance was characterized by the average propagation delay time of 0.9 nsec/gate(1.2 pJ) and chip power consumption of 1.5 watts.


I.r. spectra are reported for a series of dithiobenzoato-complexes of divalent (NiII, PdII, and PbII) and trivalent (CrIII, FeIII, RhIII, and InIII) metals and of some of their deuteriated analogues. The two stretching frequencies of the dithiocarboxylic group have been located in the range 900–1000 cm–1, and the metal-sulphur stretchings between 300 and 400 cm–1. The regular decrease of the highest substituent–sensitive frequency of the phenyl group with the optical electronegativity of the chelated metal ion is discussed.


This paper concerns the data fusion (DF) and fault diagnosis (FD), which could increase the reliability of measured results when one sensing window was faulty. The flexible arrayed pH sensor was fabricated by radio frequency sputtering system and screen-printed technology, which the ruthenium dioxide was deposited on the polyethylene terephthalate substrate as sensitive membranes and the miniature reference electrodes were fabricated by screen-printed technology. We measured pH buffer solutions for five times and the flexible arrayed pH sensor had a wide sensing range of pH 1-13 solutions. The average sensitivity and linearity were 47.70 mV/pH and 0.839, respectively. We used the Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench to do deficient diagnosis which could remove the fault sensing window. The average DF with FD, self-adaptive data fusion with FD and coefficient of variance data fusion with FD could increase sensitivity and linearity ~ 22% and 0.14, respectively.


There have been few attempts at new interpretations of religious and political identities among the political elite of Elizabethan England. This article investigates the actions and background of Thomas Sackville, lord Buckhurst, whose politic pragmatism and reticence in commenting personally on religion, in writing, have contributed to conflicting views on his position. It demonstrates that while Sackville upheld and promoted the religion of the established church, he nevertheless repeatedly differentiated between the political needs of the state for conformity, and the personal needs of individuals for freedom of conscience where there was not otherwise a threat to social order. It argues that Sackville's stance is significant because he had opportunities to engage in a wide variety of political spheres at the highest levels and often with scope to use his own judgment in determining when and how to intervene. Reference is made to his family background; activities in Sussex, including ecclesiastical patronage; disagreement with the earl of Leicester over English policy in the Netherlands (1587); his work as a privy councillor and high commissioner from 1586; and as chancellor of Oxford University from 1592. Reasons for his mentality are examined in assessing his generation's humanist ethical values, transmitted in English poetry as well as the premises of a classical education. It concludes that Sackville's construction of his religious identity as a moderate, in the preamble to his will, should not be construed as a lack of idealism in a man of his generation and experience.


The objective of this paper is to review the contem porary video segmentation & tracking methods, organ ize them into different categories, and identify new leaning s. Object detection and tracking, in general, is a stimulating problem. The detection of moving object is important in many tasks, such as video surveillance & the moving obj ect tracking. The design of a system of video surveillance is dir ected on the automatic identification of the events of interest, particularly on tracking & classification of moving objects. Complications in tracking objects can ari se due to unexpected object motion, the changing appearance patterns of object & the scene, non-rigid object edifices, obje ct-to-object and to scene obstructions, and camera motion. Tracking is typically performed in context of the higher-level applications that need the location &/or shape of object in every fra me. Classically, the assumptions are made to restra in the tracking problem in context of particular application. In th is examination, we classify the tracking approaches on the basis of object & the motion representations used; afford thorough descriptions of representative methods in each clas s. Furthermore, we deliberate the important concerns connected to the racking containing the use of suitable image featur es, the selection of motion representations, and detection of objects.


Key Points Question How do Black veterans with chronic kidney disease describe their experiences of racism in the health care setting? Findings In this qualitative study of 36 Black veterans with chronic kidney disease, participants described feeling angry and resentful and experiencing stress as a result of encounters with racism; some veterans also expressed a strong sense of distrust in the health care system coupled with a need to be hypervigilant during clinical encounters. When encountering racism, veterans described using both negative and positive coping strategies. Meaning These findings highlight an important opportunity for educating and training health care professionals in the implementation of trauma-informed approaches to care as a means of addressing race-based stress and trauma.


Driving pattern of public vehicles are different than that of private vehicles. In mixed traffic condition, both private and public vehicles share the same same road width. Due to their difference in idling and maneuvering patterns they influence the driving patterns of each other. This complex interaction often leads to decreased average speed and increased travel time for both vehicle classes which eventually leads to increased vehicular emission.


This article breaks from the dominant liberal-idealist literature and examines the European Union's (EU) foreign policy decisions from a realist perspective. Through employing a novel, EU-focussed neoclassical realist framework, the EU's offer of a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA) to Ukraine is argued as being a result of the mediating influence of its normative power role identity, the (mis)perceptions held by its foreign policy decision-makers and the institutional constraints inherent to its foreign policy decision-making process, which filtered systemic pressures (emanating from the European geopolitical setting) into the final foreign policy decision. Thereafter, this article assesses the EU's responses to the Ukraine crisis, offering policy reflections and recommendations.


Various research studies have found that DI flashcards is a highly effective intervention technique when academic skills deficits are found in the students with disabilities. This study aims to evaluate the effects of a flashcard system in dealing with reading and writing problems with 40 5 th grade female students with learning disorders. Students with learning disorders experience academic problems, which is preceded by signs such as distorted language or a delay in picking up a language etc. It means that the problems are natural, neurological and behavioural at times. The school identified for the present study was located in an urban school district in the Northern Border areas of Saudi Arabia. A specific textbook My beautiful language by Lughati Al Jamila for 5 th grade elementary pupils was chosen as a tool for the study, based on the students' pre -test scores. The effects of the flashcard procedure were assessed across sets of problems. The post study data reveals that all participants improved their mastery of reading and writing skills. The flash card procedure was inexpensive and easily implemented in a resource room setting.


In f1 ammatory and ischemic bowel disease commonly involve a longer segment than a maligant lesion. The characteristic findings of inflammatory bowel disease are mucosal nodular hypertrophy and luminal narrowing. It has recently been reported , however , that the features of mucinous adenocarcinoma are similar to those of inflammatory bowel disease with long segmental involve ment. After a brief review of the literature we describe two cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon associated with inflammatory disease. Because of long segmental involvement of the ascending colon , mucosal nodular hypertrophy and luminal narrowing , one of these was thought to be multiple villous adenoma with colitis but was confirmed as mucinous adnocarcinoma. The other case , thought to be tuberculous enterocolitis , was comfirmed as tuberculous enterocolitis associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma.


Background. Because there is no reliable risk stratification tool for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at admission, we aimed to construct an effective model for early identification of cases at high risk of progression to severe COVID-19. Methods. In this retrospective multicenter study, 372 hospitalized patients with nonsevere COVID-19 were followed for > 15 days after admission. Patients who deteriorated to severe or critical COVID-19 and those who maintained a nonsevere state were assigned to the severe and nonsevere groups, respectively. Based on baseline data of the 2 groups, we constructed a risk prediction nomogram for severe COVID-19 and evaluated its performance. Results. The training cohort consisted of 189 patients, and the 2 independent validation cohorts consisted of 165 and 18 patients. Among all cases, 72 (19.4%) patients developed severe COVID-19. Older age; higher serum lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width, blood urea nitrogen, and direct bilirubin; and lower albumin were associated with severe COVID-19. We generated the nomogram for early identifying severe COVID-19 in the training cohort (area under the curve [AUC], 0.912 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .846–.978]; sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 87.6%) and the validation cohort (AUC, 0.853 [95% CI, .790–.916]; sensitivity 77.5%, specificity 78.4%). The calibration curve for probability of severe COVID-19 showed optimal agreement between prediction by nomogram and actual observation. Decision curve and clinical impact curve analyses indicated that nomogram conferred high clinical net benefit. Conclusions. Our nomogram could help clinicians with early identification of patients who will progress to severe COVID-19, which will enable better centralized management and early treatment of severe disease. count, platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet count, RBCs, and RDW. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction on nucleic acid extracted from upper respiratory swab samples, which were collected on all suspected cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection on admission and immediately placed into sterile tubes with viral transport medium. All biochemical and hematologic parameters were obtained via standard auto-mated laboratory methods and using commercially available kits following the manufacturers' protocols.


In this thesis we propose a developmental approach to the design of a humanoid robot. We present a possible sequence of developmental stages which starting from limited knowledge enables the robot to autonomously learn to perform goal directed actions on objects (reaching, pushing, and a simple form of grasping). The robot initial knowledge consists in a few visual algorithms (disparity, tracking, motion detection) and motor synergies providing a rudimentary form of sensorimotor coordination useful to begin interaction with the environment. During the initial steps of development the robot learns to recognize and control its own body (gazing, localization of the hand); based on these abilities it moves afterward to the exploration of the external world (reaching and grasping). We stress the importance of the physical interaction between the robot's body and the environment and the advantage of exploiting actions to simplify and learn perceptual as well as motor tasks (e.g. distinguishing the hand from the background, recognizing objects based on tactile experience, pushing/pulling objects on a table). This approach is inspired by the observation of how mature behaviors emerge in infants during development and by recent theories in neural sciences proposing that the link between action and perception might be at the basis of higher level, abstract functions like action recognition, imitation and language. These considerations and the experimental results reported in the thesis support the conviction that our approach is indeed worth pursuing as it is perhaps the only route toward the realization of cognitive abilities in an artificial system.


The aim of this paper was to propose and to adjust mathematical models for drying process of soursop foam in different air conditions, to determine the effective diffusion coefficient and to obtain the activation energy. For foaming, albumin was added to the pulp at concentration of 7.43% and stirred in mixer for 15 min. Then, it was spread onto trays forming a thin layer about 5.0 mm thick, and the drying conditions were: 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C, 5.6 m s-1 and 60%. The model for determining the binomial critical water content and critical time, and the Midili model, adjusted well to the experimental data of soursop foam drying. Furthermore, an increase was obtained in the effective diffusion coefficient with increase in drying temperature and activation energy of 33.10 kJ mol-1.


We calculate the electron-ion potential for a thin metallic layer (in the a-b plane) sandwiched between two semi-infinite dielectrics. The dielectric constant of the dielectrics varies strongly in the a-b plane. We show that there is an overscreening effect, and the electron-ion interaction is strongly enhanced, for certain values of the parameters. This suggests the possibility of a greatly enhanced electron-phonon coupling in a nearly ferroelectric metal, such as the high-T c perovskites.


Background: This is an analysis of axillary masses to determine the spectrum of diseases that are commonly encountered in the axilla. Materials and Methods: Ten years' consecutive analysis axillary biopsies sent to the pathology laboratory of a tertiary hospital were formalin fixed, paraffin embedded, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E). Stains such as Ziehl–Neelsen, vermentin and CD5, CD20, and CD23 were also employed in further differentiation of diseases. Results: Fifty-nine axillary lesions were analyzed from 21 males and 38 females. The ages ranged from 2 months to 80 years and peaked in the third decade of life. There were eight developmental (congenital) lesions (13.6%), seven infectious (12.0%), 12 reactive (20.3%), and 31 neoplastic lesions (52.5%). All the congenital lesions were aberrant breast tissues. There were 19 non-neoplastic lymph nodes and 12 of them (63.2%) were reactive hyperplasia remaining (35%) being granulomatous inflammations of which four were tuberculous. A case of hematoma in a 2-month-old male child was seen. The neoplastic diseases were dominated by lipoma; five cases (16.1%), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; 11 cases (35.5%), and metastatic carcinoma; 5 cases (16.1%). Conclusion: The most common tissue of affectation in the axilla was the lymph node. Malignant neoplastic diseases were the commonest pathology with female predisposition; the peak age of presentation was the third decade of life was the third decade. Histologic evaluation of axillary masses will aid in the prompt and appropriate treatment of diseases to reduce attendant morbidity and mortality.


Abstract In this article, we make a conceptual and typological contribution to studies of work and mobility and mobile work. We do so by describing the physical, pedestrian mobilities of a team of care workers as they look out for homeless clients in the UK city of Cardiff. Conceptually, and in conclusion, we engage with Goffman's essay, published in Asylums, on the 'vicissitudes of the tinkering trades' and consider the ways in which mobility further and differently complicates already difficult care work. By way of this one empirical case – drawn from a sustained ethnographic engagement with the team – we develop a fourfold typology. We intend this typology as something to be tried out, put to use and shared across different work settings. We offer it as a means of illustrating the ways in which mobility and work and the work of movement might relate to one another. And also how work, and care work in particular, and movement are differently figured in relation to the environment. We also intend the typology as a means of developing a conceptual distinction between (work) practices that take place on the move and mobile (work) practices proper.


This article aimed to analyze the psychosocial factors associated with the practice of crimes in Rocha Pinto neighborhood. In this study, the main authors that served as a basis were: Cesare Lombroso (2007), Emile Durkheim (2007), Anthony Giddens (2008), Joao Farias Junior (2008) and Paulo de Carvalho (2010). Regarding the methodology, quantitative research was used, the instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire and bibliographic research.45 subjects participated in the study (28 males and 17 females), with a mean age of 19.83 (Standard Deviation = 9.3). A questionnaire with a Likert scale format consisting of (3) three indicators: behavior, society and mental illness, and (8) eight items) was applied to the participants, whose data were submitted to the SPSS computer package. Therefore, according to the results, it was found that psychosocial factors are linked to the practice of crimes. Based on the results obtained, two conclusions were reached, one psychological and the other social. It was concluded that individual differences such as personality, family breakdown, frustration, lack of affective and moral feelings, social disorganization, problems with self-esteem and other internal and instinctive mechanisms of the individual, are factors that influence the practice crimes.


Pediatric organophosphate insecticide poisonings are rare in the United States, and life‐threatening toxicity is rarely seen. We report 2 accidental ingestions of the organophosphate insecticide coumaphos that resulted in life‐threatening symptoms.


Abstract. By bringing debates over experiential time within human geography and criminology/prison sociology into dialogue with one another, this article draws attention to the imperative of considering time in the geographical study of incarceration. Informed by an understanding of space and time which sees them as analytically inseparable from each other, TimeSpace, it revisits existing empirical material previously generated through qualitative research within criminology and prison sociology, and identifies some potential synergies with human geography; in highlighting overlapping temporalities in a carceral context, and in demonstrating both the significance of perceived control over time, and the experience of the lifecourse, when past, present and future are viewed through "each successive now" in a context where (clock) time "moves on" but space is fixed.


A sensitive, standardized method of measuring a biological function of vitamin E(E) is needed to define a protective E level. We therefore evaluated the release of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances(TBARS) from red blood cell(RBC) membranes after paired incubations in buffered H2O2, pH 7.4, alone and with azide to promote maximal release. TBARS was quantitated spectro-photometrically. Values were expressed as the ratio of TBARS release without azide/maximal release × 100 (%TBARS). Individual fasting plasma lipid levels were added to give total lipids(TL). Three groups were compared: A) E sufficient noncholestatic children (N=14); B) E sufficient noncholestatic adults (N=6); C) E deficient cholestatic children (N=11).Results show a strong negative correlation in all subjects between %TBARS and E levels, E/TL, E/cholesterol (r=-.84, -.89, -.89, p<.001). Significant differences in E and E/TL in groups A or B vs C are reflected by marked differences in %TBARS release (p<.001). Groups A+B had higher maximal TBARS release vs C (p<.05). Values listed below are mean ±SD.We conclude that %TBARS release provides a sensitive measure of E level and biologic function that could be utilized in clinical assessment of E-sufficiency.


Melanoma incidence has risen over the last 30 years; however, whether this increase is entirely genuine or caused, in part, by increased screening, needs to be addressed. A large number of nevi is the strongest risk factor for melanoma across all Caucasian populations. Number of nevi is heritable with 60% of the variation in their number attributed to additive genetic effects. Fair hair and skin is also a heritable risk factor but the magnitude of the risk is much smaller than nevi. There are different 'at-risk' phenotypes leading to melanoma: high number of nevi or alternatively sun damage with solar keratoses, and these two phenotypes are usually mutually exclusive. This suggests different pathways leading to melanoma. Sun exposure is linked to melanoma with an increased melanoma incidence with decreasing latitude. However, this association is very complex and is not dose dependent. Similar to all cancers, melanoma can cluster in families. Between 20 and 40% of melanoma-prone families have mutations in ...


Background:  Image resolution required for reference histological images is high. Obtaining high‐resolution images requires a system, composing large image from individual smaller components. Such systems must thus be capable of automatically taking individual image parts, performing shading compensation and fusion of the image parts into one large image. Distribution of such images over the Internet requires developing a suitable user's interface with access to the image details.


"Twenty-nine species and varieties of eleven genera of Tertiary larger Foraminifera have been described and illustrated from Japan. Except for a few species from younger beds they are all from older Eocene or older Miocene deposits. Taxonomic notes on some species are appended."


The karst waterlogging is one of the environment problems in South China karst areas .The phenomena of the ecological environment change are vegetation degeneration, soil erosion, siltation of underground river system, etc. which have a tremendous influence on waterlogging of karst depression. They play the role independently or altogether. Through a case study in Guzhai town, Mashan county, Guangxi, the basic characteristics of karst depression waterlogging and the reasons that karst waterlogging is becoming more and more serious year by year were discussed.


Older people represent a large part of the population. Focusing on this population in order to protect them from the health risks they may face during their lifetime, especially undernutrition, is a very important issue. Indeed, undernutrition is a disease state caused by an imbalance in nutritional intake in relation to the body's energy expenditure. With technological advances, biomarker measurement has become more efficient and specific, allowing us to better diagnose undernutrition in the elderly. This article presents a large study on healthy aging. Patients use a mobile application called ICOPE to screen for undernutrition and obtain biological data coupled with digital biomarkers obtained from a system for measuring lifestyle behavioral parameters. Actimetric measurements could be considered as a 'partial' parameter to be integrated with others, closer to physiological conditions.


In this paper, we find the stock returns of Chinese market exhibit reversal instead of momentum behavior from short to long horizons. While the traditional reversal strategies can generate economically large average returns in the Chinese market, they bear infrequently extreme downside risks. We hence propose enhanced reversal strategies by adding a stop-loss line to limit crash risk and constructing a composite reversal strategy to better select stocks. Our enhanced reversal strategy consistently provides stronger evidence of return reversal than does the traditional reversal strategy by doubling the Sharpe ratio, generating a vast monthly return of 1.75% and reducing the largest downside loss from -28.82% to -8.34%. The abnormal returns cannot be explained by the standard risk factor and are stronger among stocks with larger limits to arbitrage.


That which begins as minor nuisances and curiosities enabled by the subversion of new technological capabilities has always evolved into invasive problems once someone has found a way to profit from their application.


INTRODUCTION Although lowand middle-income countries (LMIC) face countless challenges that high-income countries are spared, they still manage to make funding available for biomedical research and discovery. Data from the World Bank demonstrate that LMIC spend approximately 1.24% of their gross domestic product on research and development efforts. In contrast, high-income countries spend, on average, 2.32% of their gross domestic product on such efforts. Although these relative figures understate the absolute spending by nations, they do reflect the fact that LMIC consider research and discovery to be an integral part of their development plans. In addition to funds that LMIC devote to research, there is also an influx of foreign capital. For example, from 1995 to 2005, the Wellcome Trust spent millions on basic science research in vaccinology in LMIC. When it comes to biomedical research in LMIC, every dollar counts. For this reason, it is vital that research projects are prioritized, and redundant or wasteful research is eliminated. Using the example of Chile, a nation from which one of us hails (M.B.), and the research agenda of which we are familiar, we hope to highlight some potential areas of replicative research efforts, as well as identify exceptionally valuable and original efforts. These examples can provide guiding principles by which LMIC can set a highly productive research agenda.


We review our recent work on the modelling, fabrication and characterization of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers. We discuss the modal content of these fibers, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented by modal interactions in space division multiplexed transmission applications.


Salmonellosis is, despite declining numbers since 1992, one
 of the most common foodborne diseases.
 The entry of Salmonella
 into the food chain
 is a permanent threat
 to human health. The
 contamination with Salmonella
 can happen at various stages of the food production chain, therefore it is of high importance
 to intervene early on the first stages of the food chain and to identify and evaluate possible
 sources of contamination
 The aim of this study was to identify sources of Salmonella
 entry into the food chain through
 the determination of the prevalence
 at various stages of the production
 chain in order to respond
 better to the critical points of
 action. In this study, 10 broiler flocks
 that were fattened on 5 different broiler farms were examined. The sampling was distributed over two periods, in order to identify seasonal
 influences. The first sampling took place between
 the months of March 2009 to April 2009,
 the second investigation in the period between July 2009 and September 2009. Salmonella samples were taken at different
 levels of the production chain.
 All
 together a Salmonella prevalence of
 14,29% was determined in the 10 analysed herds from
 5 different fatteners with the investigation of the sock swab tests. The herd
 prevalence showed a wide variation ranging from 0,00%
 in the herds of two broiler fatteners up to a value of 66,66% in one herd of
 another broiler fattener. The cloacalswabs taken in
 the slaughterhouse showed a prevalence of 3,52%.
 Further
 in the production chain a Salmonella
 prevalence of 9,50% was found in the carcasses' brewingwater. With regard to the increase of the prevalence
 of the cloacal swabs from 3,52%
 to 9,50% in the brewing water, a significant increase of the prevalence
 appears. After the next processing steps of the animal bodies up to the
 roast-ready product, neck skin tests were taken before chilling. Here in 12%
 of the samples Salmonella were
 identified. This prevalence increase can be a hint of that there is a source
 for a cross contamination in the slaughterhouse, particulary
 because the serovars isolated in the neck skins
 were often different serovars than the initially
 found serovars in cloacal
 swabs and sock swabs. By a classification of the herds as Salmonella positive or Salmonella negative, according to the
 results of the cloacal swab tests and the sock
 tests, a stronger increase of the prevalence in the rinsewater
 samples and in the neck skin samples could be determined in the positive
 classified broiler herds. The prevalence of Salmonella in the end product (neck skin) of the negative
 classified herds lies at 8,00%, whereas the Salmonella positive categorised herds
 show a prevalence of 18,67% in the end product.
 On
 examination of the seasonal correlation of Salmonella prevalence an increase of the internal herd prevalence
 can be reported. In the examined sock swabs the prevalence rises by 11,87% between the months March / April (8,82%) and July /
 August / September (20,69%). Also, more Salmonella were isolated from the cloacal swabs later in the year during the 2nd sampling.
 The prevalence increased by 4,99%. The prevalence in
 the carcasses' brewingwater increased significantly
 from 3,00% to 16,00% between both sampling points.
 In the neck skin samples, an increase of prevalence from 10,00%
 to 16,67% can be reported.
 Beside
 the prevalence, the distribution of the serovars
 was also determined. In the faecal gaze swabs from all herds S. Paratyphi
 B (dT+) appears to be the predominant serovar (55,56%) followed by S. Infantis
 with 44,44%. On
 examination of the cloacal swabs the serovar S. Infantis with 85,71% lay before S. Paratyphi
 B (dT+) (14,29%).
 With regard
 to all taken samples, the serovar S. Infantis
 could be isolated most often (58,67%), followed by Salmonella Group B (monophasic type S.
 4,5,12:i:-) with 17,33%. Furthermore, S.
 Typhimurium (10,67%), S. Paratyphi
 B (9,33%) and S.
 Ohio (4,00%) were found.
 The
 isolates of both sampling periods were tested for 14 current antimicrobial
 substances for their resistance situation.
 From a
 total of 75 isolated Salmonella serovars only 19 isolates (25,33%)
 demonstrate a sensitivity against the tested antibiotics. In contrast, 74,67% of the Salmonella
 isolates show a multiresistance. In this
 investigation, a resistance exists to at least 3 up to 7 antimicrobial
 substances. It has to be noted as a problem that many antibiotics with a high
 resistance rate were employed previously by the fatteners in the mast period.


Evaluation for Civil Commitment by Pinals and Mossman is the latest publication in the distinguished series on ''Best Practices in Forensic Mental Health Assessment'' edited by Thomas Grisso, Alan Goldstein and Kirk Heilbrun. It takes its place comfortably in what has become a highly regarded and valuable set of publications. Dr Pinals is the Assistant Commissioner of Forensic Mental Health Services for the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health and an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Director of Forensic Education at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. Dr Mossman is the Administrative Director of the Glenn M Weaver Institute of Law and Psychiatry at the College of Law, University of Cincinnati and the Program Director for Forensic Psychiatry Training and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Evaluation for Civil Commitment is divided into a modest seven chapters. The first, ''The Legal Context'', sets out the background to modern-day civil commitment in the USA and usefully summarizes important decisions from appellate state courts and the United States Supreme Court. This is done accessibly and the selection of cases is appropriate and interesting. What follows is material in relation to the filing of affidavits and other initiating process, as well as about initial commitment hearings. This is state-specific and will not be of particular interest to persons outside the United States. Chapter Two deals with ''Forensic Mental Health Concepts''. Again this chapter has a legal flavour and sets out key concepts in relation to dangerousness, need for treatment and risk of relapse and deterioration, these once again being terms that vary and are diversely applied from state to state. The authors refer to the ''least restrictive alternative principle'', not by reference to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of 2006 or the United Nations Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care of 1991, but by reference to United States superior court judgments. Chapter Three is entitled ''Empirical Foundations and Limits''. It analyses diagnostic criteria and practices, as well as the incidence of hospitalization of those with mental illnesses in different parts of the United States. It summarizes research on decisions for commitment and on the effectiveness of involuntary hospitalization. In doing so, though, it makes no reference to the influential work of David Wexler and Bruce Winick or to therapeutic jurisprudence at all. Only one of Michael Perlin's writings on mental health and the law is referred to in the whole volume. To say the least, this research gap is significant and disappointing in light of the topic of work and the significance of the literature to which little or no reference is made. Chapter Four is dedicated to preparation for evaluations for civil commitment. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law Vol. 19, No. 2, April 2012, 295–297


ABSTRACT This article reports on the perceptions and experiences of general elementary educators as they engage in a school reform process that requires them to learn and implement an arts infused curriculum intended to raise student achievement on standardized tests in non-arts subjects. This qualitative study reveals not only how one arts-based school reform project plays out in the everyday lives of teachers but also how arts integration practices can become entangled in and complicit with a politically motivated policy agenda. Findings are presented in the form of themes that reflect the teachers' conflicting feelings and realities: on one hand a profound commitment to their challenged students and sincere hope that the reform process will succeed, and on the other, the effects of the significant additional work, stress, and anxiety that the reform process imposed.


An X-band Side Looking Airborne Radar is being developed and tested. It uses solid state electronics and phase modulated impulses. The first images show that rivers, lakes, buildings, roads, railroads and agricultural fields can be identified.


In order to eliminate the malaria need more data about the knowledge, attitudes and practices of diseases. KAP study was carried out in March to end of May 2012. A total of 225 questioners collected and 20.88% of the population was aged 20-30, 40.88% age 31-40, 26.66% was 41-50 and 8.44% was 51-60 and 3.11% more than 61 years old. Total of drivers as respondents were literate, 77.77 % of them were Iranians and the rest were Iraqi. Although 32% the audience had complete knowledge on vector, only 27.11% had good knowledge due to initial symptoms of malaria. About 35.55% of them were believed to Indoor residual spraying as control method whereas, 21.33 % of them were believed to mosquito nets and only 11.55 % were believed to use of repellents ointment. Health education can reduce the disease by the trade and tourism intervention borderline Iran and western neighboring countries.


The United Nations estimates that by 2050, approximately 67 per cent of the world's people will live in cities. One phenomenon linked to large-scale movement to cities is the emergence of multigrou...


Backward erosion piping is an important failure mechanism for cohesive water-retaining structures which are founded on a sandy aquifer. Nowadays, piping research and safety assessments are often based on experimental or numerical modelling using arbitrary model widths or even two-dimensional (2D) assumptions. This technical note shows the influence of this limitation through a series of small-scale experiments with varying model widths. The flow pattern proves to be highly three-dimensional (3D), influencing both the pipe geometry and critical gradients leading to piping failure. A 2D model is unable to capture the important aspects of the erosion mechanism and a correction factor needs to be applied if the minimum width for correctly simulating a 3D situation is not accomplished.


Abstract The diagnosis of a serious disability brings many changes to the family of the newly diagnosed member. Each family copes in their own way to these many changes. This paper examines some of the effects that a diagnosis of autism may bring to the family and some of the potential family stressors that the presence of such a youngster may present. Problem areas discussed include communication, bonding, early sleep patterns, unpredictable behavior, difficulties created by changes in routine, splinter effects, respite, and financial matters. Each of these represent topics that are extremely important for professional awareness when working with families who have a young child with autism.


The prediction of unsteady flow field is a challenge in the area of fluid dynamics due to the spatiotemporally dynamic behavior. Given high-dimensional spatial information of the unsteady flow field for a number of previous time steps, the subsequent multi-step or even multi-cycle information is to be obtained. Inspired by human intuitive physics, we investigate a purely visual approach for unsteady flow field prediction directly from images which are obtained by mapping physical quantities to the color space, and propose a novel stochastic latent variable model based on deep neural networks. Our model is evaluated on two numerical simulation datasets of different complexities in terms of conditions and scopes of the flow field. The results show that trained with two-cycle data, over ten-cycle future flow fields are accurately predicted by our model on the low-complexity dataset. For the high-complexity one, our model also gives accurate multi-cycle predictions after trained with data of more cycles.


Mathematics and culture are interrelated to each other, which are found in everyday life. Various mathematical concepts can be explored and found in culture. Mathematical concepts can be seen in cultural products in the form of artifacts such as the Masjid Agung Pondok Tinggi. The Masjid Agung Pondok Tinggi can be a source of learning mathematics, because there are concrete mathematical concepts that are immediately seen by students. The purpose of this research is to explore what concepts exist in the building of Masjid Agung Pondok Tinggi which can be used as a source of learning mathematics and as an effort to develop Etnomathematics in mathematics learning. The Data is collected through exploration, observation, documentation, and literature studies. The results of the study found that in the construction of the Masjid Agung Pondok Tinggi had used mathematical concepts, even though the people in the past did not know how the concept of construction of buildings such as angles, symmetries, rectangles. Construction of the Masjid Agung Pondok Tinggi implements one of the mathematical sciences, namely geometry, one of the concept of a rectangle which includes a square, rectangle, and trapezium. Learning concrete ethnographic objects can facilitate students to understand abstract mathematics.


ABSTRACT. Background Data on enteral feedingmanagement of premature infants are limited and oftennot the subject of randomized clinical trials. Severalsmall studies suggest benefits from the early initiation offeeding, but do not assess the combined effects of time ofinitiation of feeding, tube-feeding method, and type ofmilk used. Either singly or in combination, these treat-ments may affect growth, bone mineralization, biochem-ical measures of nutritional status, and feeding tolerance,and, ultimately, the duration of hospitalization. Methods. A total of 171 premature infants, stratifiedby gestational age (26 to 30 weeks) and diet (human milkor preterm formula) were assigned randomly among fourtreatment combinations in a balanced two-way designcomparing the presence or absence of gastrointestinal(GI) priming for 10 days and continuous infusion versusintermittent bolus tube-feeding. Results. The major outcome, time required for in-fants to attain full oral feeding, was similar among treat-ments. GI priming was not associated with any measuredadverse effect and was associated with better calciumand phosphorus retention, higher serum calcium andalkaline phosphatase activity, and shorter intestinal tran-sit times. The bolus tube-feeding method was associatedwith significantly less feeding intolerance and greaterrate of weight gain than the continuous method. In ad-dition, the greater the quantity of human milk fed, thelower the morbidity.


Energy management for industry is many times an unspoken objective in organizations because it is desirable to reduce operating costs but often not important enough to justify a financial investment in managing. Unfortunately without a comprehensively planned and adequately funded management program, energy management efforts degrade into unsustainable or ineffective programs that are discarded and forgotten shortly after initiation until the next energy crisis occurs. To overcome see-saw management efforts, implementation of systematic management like that described in the ANSI/MSE 2000 standard is recommended. The ANSI/MSE 2000 energy management standard contains the elements necessary to institute and sustain a system of continuous improvement in energy management. While ANSI/MSE 2000 contains all the elements necessary to describe an effective management system, translating it from a standards document into a functioning real world management system can be complex. This paper details the implementation process at two industrial facilities. Activities involved in planning, instituting and maintaining an energy management system are presented. Additionally, barriers to successful implementation such as management commitment, funding support, project identification and prioritization, selection of energy team participants and tracking management system progress are described and resolutions discussed. The finished management system structure and system results are presented.


The article considers social and economic analysis of the regions development. The authors educe that the objective of the regional policy demands conceptual approach and targeting.


A second order accurate (in time) numerical scheme is proposed and analyzed for the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equation (PNP) system, reformulated as a non-constant mobility H − 1 gradient flow in the Energetic Variational Approach (EnVarA). The centered finite difference is taken as the spatial discretization. Meanwhile, the highly nonlinear and singular nature of the logarithmic energy potentials has always been the essential difficulty to design a second order accurate scheme in time, while preserving the variational energetic structures. In the proposed numerical scheme, the mobility function is updated with a second order accurate extrapolation formula, for the sake of unique solvability. Moreover, a direct application of Crank-Nicolson approximation to the chemical potentials would face a serious difficulty to theoretically justify the energy stability. Instead, we use a modified Crank-Nicolson approximation to the logarithmic term, so that its inner product with the discrete temporal derivative exactly gives the corresponding nonlinear energy difference; henceforth the energy stability is ensured for the logarithmic part. In addition, nonlinear artificial regularization terms, in the form of ∆ t (ln n m +1 − ln n m ) and ∆ t (ln p m +1 − ln p m ), are added in the numerical scheme, so that the positivity-preserving property could be theoretically proved, with the help of the singularity associated with the logarithmic function. Furthermore, an optimal rate convergence analysis is provided in this paper, in which the higher order asymptotic expansion for the numerical solution, the rough error estimate and refined error estimate techniques have to be included to accomplish such an analysis. This work combines the following theoretical properties for a second order accurate numerical scheme for the PNP system: (i) second order accuracy in both time and space, (ii) unique solvability and positivity, (iii) energy stability, and (iv) optimal rate convergence. A few numerical results are also presented.


The invention relates to a swirler with variable swirling number. The swirler is characterized in that the pore diameters of a gas flow pipe and a gas outlet pipe are the same and the gas flow pipe and the gas outlet pipe are fastened through a flange; a gas inlet pipe is communicated with the gas flow pipe, wherein the pore diameter of the gas inlet pipe is smaller than that of the gas flow pipe; a swirler main body is fixed in the joint part of the gas flow pipe and the gas outlet pipe and is provided with an inner pipe body and an outer pipe body; the bottom of the inner pipe body is provided with a central pore plate, and gas distribution holes are uniformly and symmetrically formed in the central pore plate; the central pore plate is detachable; swirling blades are vertically and uniformly fixed between the inner pipe body and the outer pipe body in the peripheral direction. According to the swirler with variable swirling number, aiming at different gas components, the swirling number of the swirler is changed by changing the structures of the swirling blades and the pore number of the central pore plate and changing the blockage ratio of an annular passage of the swirler to a central passage of the swirler; the swirler can be suitable for efficient and stable combustion under the condition of different components, the applicable range of the equipment is enlarged, and the work efficiency is improved; the emission of NOx can be reduced by selecting a reasonable swirling combustion manner, thus the combustion is clean.


Drawing on resource-based theory, we analyze the relationship between having LGBT executives in a firm's leadership positions and its value and financial performance. The existence of LGBT executives is considered to be associated with employee and customer goodwill towards LGBT-friendly policies and practices and to lead to human capital and reputational benefits. Our findings suggest that there is a positive effect of the presence of LBGT executives on a firm's value, both directly and indirectly, through its effect on the firm's financial performance. We interpret this as suggesting that besides the direct effect of the existence of LGBT executives on a firm's value, an indirect effect also exists, mediated through financial performance, presumably through the effect that this has on employee and customer goodwill towards LGBT-friendly policies and practices. As far as we are aware, our study is the first to examine the impacts of the presence of LGBT executives, as well as distinguish between its direct and indirect effects on firm value.


If you look at training material on software project management, you often find what I will call "classical" techniques: how to list every task that should be performed, to create the schedule of the project, to control its progress, to recognise the associated risks, etc... In addition, agile approaches have put in evidence some techniques or tools like short iterations, daily meetings or burndown charts. With this situation, you can have the impression that project management is mainly a technical issue. Don't get me wrong: all these technical considerations are important and they are useful tools for the project manager, but I think that the most essential skills for a successful project are beyond those technical aspects.


The paper presents data on mean monthly discharges of nearly one hundred springs in Central Europe, measured over several years. Analyzes were based on discharge variability coefficients (V, M, Cv) and Markham's seasonality parameters: seasonality index and time of concentration. The results were interpreted with reference to three basic types of hydrogeological outflows: karst, fissure and porous. Seasonal spring discharge was found to be correlated with the spring altitude.


Many types of equipment do not have network interface.The goal of this thesis is to solve the access to this kind of equipment.The embedded system constructed on basis of ARM7 Coxtex-M3 MCU LM8962 and 8-channel UART was expanded by SC28L198.The multi-serial port device through TCP/IP protocol was developed under μC/OS-II operation system.The system can provide remote data via Ethernet for eight serial devices simultaneously,which provides conditions for the devices with the serial communication interface in the network control and realizes the capability of computer remote monitoring.


BACKGROUND: After extensive review of existing measures, it was deemed that a brief self-report instrument that measures the functioning difficulties and limitations of people with MS in and around their home should be developed. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to develop an instrument that can measure the degree of difficulty in functioning that people with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience within their residence and to test the psychometric properties of the newly developed scale. METHODS: To test the factorial validity of the Home Functioning Scale, both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were utilized in a cross-validation approach in this study. RESULTS: The new scale captured three functioning difficulty components: (1) functioning needed to take care of oneself at home, (2) functioning needed to conduct house work and house maintenance, and (3) functioning needed to carry out one's own medical needs and treatment at home. Unlike many other scales in the field, this measure is not disease or symptom-specific, but task-oriented and site-specific. CONCLUSION: The use of the scale can be instrumental to rehabilitation counselors and allied health practitioners in the field.


The spatial stability of multiple solutions for fully developed laminar flow through a curved tube and through a straight tube in the presence of buoyant effects was studied using a three‐dimensional numerical representation of the fully elliptic Navier–Stokes and energy equations. Several recent numerical studies have reported the existence of multiple solutions for fully developed laminar flow in curved tubes; see, for example, Yang and Keller [Appl. Numer. Math. 2, 257 (1986)] or Daskopoulos and Lenhoff [J. Fluid Mech. 203, 125 (1989)]. A similar solution multiplicity for the case of fully developed laminar flow in a heated straight tube has been discussed by Nandakumar et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 152, 145 (1985)]. Each of these studies has reported solutions of a two‐ and four‐cell type, which are symmetric about the midplane of the tube and invariant in the axial (streamwise) flow direction. In addition, the flow visualization study of Cheng and Yuen [J. Heat Trans. 109, 55 (1987)] indicates that two‐ and...


Amorphous silicon was crystallized using a blue ultrafast Ti:Sapphire laser system. Polysilicon with average grain size of 280 nm was achieved with fluence 30 of mJ/cm2 and overlapping of 93.75% at room temperature.


Using an ansatz for the eigenfunction,we obtain the analytic solution to the radial schrdinger equation for the inverse-power potential V(r)=B_6/r~6+B_5/r~5+B_4/r~4+B_3/r~3+B_2/r~2+B_1/r,and the general formula of energy eigenvalues is obtained.The result shows that the parameters in the model potential have to satisfy relevant restraint conditions.


In the present study, the authors examined the importance of time in the voluntary turnover process. The researchers used a representative sample of early-career individuals in the American workforce. Moderating effects of time were found for both job satisfaction and cognitive ability. The relationships of these predictors with turnover decreased as a function of time. The temporal nature of effects inherent in the voluntary turnover process is discussed in detail, and the importance of considering changing effects across time is emphasized.


Objective: To ex am ine the lipid lev els in a sam ple of pa tients with comorbid gen er al ized anx i ety dis or der (GAD) and ma jor d epres sive dis or der (MDD). Methods: Se rum lipid con cen tra tions were ex am ined in 40 pa tients with both GAD and MDD, in 27 pa tients with MDD only, in 26 pa tients with GAD only, and in 24 healthy con trol sub jects. Results: All mean se rum cho les terol con cen tra tions are pre sented in Ta ble 1. The mean se rum to tal cho les terol con cen tra tion in pa tients with both GAD and MDD was sig nif i cantly higher than in MDD-only pa tients, GAD-only pa tients, and con trol sub jects. The triglyceride con cen tra tion was also sig nif i cantly higher in pa tients with both GAD and M DD than in MDD-only pa tients, GAD-only pa tients, and con trol sub jects. Pa tients with both GAD and MDD had a lower mean high-density li po pro tein cho lesterol (HDL-C) con cen tra tion than did pa tients with GAD only and con trol sub jects. The se rumcon cen tra tion of low-density li p opro tein cho les terol (LDL-C) was higher in pa tients with both GAD and MDD than in pa tients with MDD only and GAD only and healthy con trol sub jects. Conclusions: Our find ings in di cate that the pa tients with both GAD and MDD have in creased se rum cho les t erol, triglyceride, and LDL-C and re duced HDL-C lev els. These pa tients may have a greater risk of mor tal ity from cor o nary ar tery dis ease (CAD) than do pa tients with ei ther de pres sion or anx i ety dis or der.


A p-version finite element method has been used to calculate second-order pair and total correlation energies for closed-shell Mg and Ar. Comparison with the best results found in the literature suggests that the present values are the most accurate and that the method should perform comparatively better for heavier elements. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


—Tromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a segmental obliterating inflammatory arteritis, involving lower and upper extremities usually found in young, smoker males. Its diagnosis relies on patients history, clinical features, arterial angiography and more rarely on pathological findings, and on the absence of other disease such as premature atheromatosis, tromboembolic disease, autoimmune disease, and no evidence of diabetes and hyperlipoproteinemia. The specific etiology is not known. Only two cases of TAO and deficiency in protein C and protein S were


To enable us to affordably teach software defined radio at the undergraduate level, we developed a low cost system that allows realistic hardware projects and demonstrations. This new board connects a Texas Instruments C67x DSP starter kit (DSK) to an analog devices AD9857 quadrature modulator. This modulator is capable of operating at up to 200 million samples per second (MS/s), with a carrier (or intermediate frequency) of up to 80 MHz. Baseband 14-bit in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) data are presented to the modulator, which can be programmed to interpolate the data at rates from 4x to 252x. The AD9857 is interfaced to the DSK using an Altera Cyclone FPGA which provides queuing of the I/Q data and the logic for control/programming of the modulator. This paper describes the associated hardware and software issues and briefly describes recommended classroom use.


The perturbation method and Runge-kutta shooting method has been carried out to study the influence of the effect of exponential viscosity-temperature relation, exponential thermal conductivity-temperature and the combined effects of the variable viscosity and the variable thermal conductivity on steady free convection flow in a vertical channel filled with porous medium. The Darcy-Brinkman model is used to predict the flow in porous medium. The walls are maintained at constant but different temperatures. Numerical results are presented for a wide range of parameters of variable viscosity parameter, variable thermal conductivity parameter, wall temperature ratio, buoyancy parameter and porous parameter on the velocity and temperature fields. Furthermore, the effect of the governing parameters on skin friction and Nusselt number are tabulated. The solutions obtained by Runge-Kutta shooting method are compared with perturbation method solutions and the results agree very well in the absence of buoyancy parameter. © 2015 Elixir All rights reserved. ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received: 19 June 2015; Received in revised form: 27 July 2015; Accepted: 4 August 2015;


Specimens of amorphous Fe 75 B 25 produced by rapid quenching from the melt were annealed to complete crystallization and subjected to 1 MeV electron irradiation in a transmission electron microscope at room temperature and at 130 K. The irradiation was interrupted at various intervals in order to obtain bright field images and diffraction patterns. The Fe 3 B crystals did not become amorphous at room temperature, even after damage levels of several dpa, whereas at 130 K the crystalline to amorphous transformation was observed to be complete at damage levels below 1 dpa. The results are combined with those of ion irradiation work on Fe 3 B; qualitative agreement is found between Fe 3 B and previous work on the Zr 3 Al alloy concerning their response to displacement damage by electron and ion irradiation.


1. Giraud F, and Mattei JF: Aspects epidemiologiques de la trisomie 21, J Genet Hum 23:1, 1975. 2. Ying KL: Sporadic (GgGg) translocation in Down's syndrome, Can J Genet Cytol 15:303, 1973. 3. Schmidt R, and Nitowsky HM: Recurrence of apparent de novo 21/21 translocation trisomy in a sibship, J PEDIATR 90:841, 1977. 4. Balfour B, Burhan S, et al: Down syndrome due to 21;21 translocation in a male twin, Clin Genet 16:383, 1979. 5. Priest JH, Brantley KE, and Blackstone RD: Parental mosaicism as a cause of Down syndrome,: A report of 46,XX/46,XX,--21,+t(21q21q) mothers and 46,XY,+ 21, + t(21q21q) child, J PEDIAXR 90:786, 1977. 6. Hornstein L, and Soukup S: A case of atypical Down's syndrome with mosaic 46,XX/46,XX-21 + t(2 lq21 q), Clin Genet 10:77, 1977. 7. Verma RS, Peakman DC, et al: Two cases of Down syndrome with unvisual de novo translocation, Clin Genet 11:227, 1977. 8. Furbetta M, Falorni A, et al: Sibship (21q21q) transtocation Down,s syndrome with maternal transmission, J Med Genet 10:371, 1973. 9. Garver KL: Genetic counseling in the delivery of health care, Pa Med 80:40, 1977. 10. Garver KL: Genetic counseling in primary obstetrical care, Obstet Gynecol Ann 8:87, 1979.


This paper describes a method for the identification of moving objects by a team of robots based on kinematic information. The objective is to be able to identify moving objects observed by different robots without using specific landmarks. Our method uses a Bayesian approach and is based on the matching of maps of dynamic objects built by the members of the team. These maps contain the relative position of moving objects and their velocity at a given time. Experimental results using data from a real environment carried out to validate the method are presented and discussed.


The morphological properties of the surface and optical characteristics of nanocomposite ZnO:Co structures grown on substrates of monocrystalline silicon and sapphire by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method have been studied. The influence of thermal annealing on formation of characteristically developed surface of films has been analyzed. The experimental transmission and reflectance spectra in the visible region have been measured. In the framework of the dielectric function, the optical constants n and k and dispersion parameters of oscillators that provide the best fit with experimental data have been obtained. From the infrared reflectance spectra of ZnO:Co structures, the frequency positions of Е1(LO) and Е1(ТО) optical phonons have been determined. It gives a possibility to suppose that the obtained films possess the wurtzite structure.


The response of 20 open-pollinated tamarack (Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) families from five populations to three nitrogen fertilizer levels was investigated in a greenhouse for 20 weeks. Measur...


Toledo, Ohio, Nov 6, 1907. To the Editor: —In the October number of the Toledo Medical and Surgical Reporter there appeared an editorial, "The Future of the Lucas County Medical Association." Knowing that the paper had but little influence or circulation, and knowing that members of the academy were aware how inaccurate these statements were, I felt it unnecessary to reply, but since in The Journal, October 28, under "Medical Economics," this editorial was abstracted, I wish, as president of the Academy of Medicine, to put you in possession of the facts. The first misstatement made by the editor of the Toledo Medical and Surgical Reporter is that relating to the name of the county society. No body of medical men has ever been called the "Lucas County Medical Association." There was a Toledo Medical Association, organized in 1851, and a Lucas County Medical Society, organized in 1884. In 1903


Because of profound applications of MoS2 crystals in electronics, their microscale oxidation is the subject of substantial interest. We report on oxidation of single MoS2 crystals, which were oxidized within a precision muffle furnace at a series of increasing temperatures up to 500 °C. Using electron dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) at ambient conditions, we observed an increase of oxide content with increasing heating temperature and obtained an apparent activation energy for the oxidation process of the order of 1 kcal/mol. This value is at least 8 times smaller than an activation energy for surface formation of MoO3 and according to the literature points rather to physisorbed oxygen species. Our Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) results also pointed out toward the physisorbed oxygen, similarly as our further heating studies within elevated relative humidity conditions. The Mo oxide leftovers on the sample were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and showed dendritic structures. Surface...


Two aspects of the deformation behavior at magnesium sheets are the subject of this paper. First it will give a mechanical characterization of a commercial magnesium with a focus on the anisotropy and the possible microstructural causes of this behavior. The rolling process will be part of the second aspect. The aim is to show the influence of the parameters on the microstructure and texture and how this could affect the anisotropy in the rolled sheets.


Transactional Memory simplifies parallel programming by eliminating the use of locks to protect concurrent accesses to shared memory. However, when locks are used to provide mutual exclusion for irreversible operations (I/O, syscalls, calls to "black box" libraries), their replacement with transactions seems problematic: transactions can abort and restart at any arbitrary point in their execution, which is unacceptable when operations performed during a transaction have made the intermediate state of that transaction visible to an outside agent. Permitting at most one transaction to operate in an "inevitable" mode, where it is guaranteed to commit, is widely accepted as a solution to the irreversibility problem for transactions, albeit one that is not expected to scale. In this paper we explore a variety of mechanisms to support inevitability in software transactional memory. We demonstrate that it is possible for an inevitable transaction to run in parallel with (non-conflicting) non-inevitable transactions, without introducing significant overhead in the non-inevitable case. Our mechanisms can also be used to improve the speed of certain common-case transactions.


Analysis of characteristics of 11 Atlantic and 54 Pacific specimens of Fodiator acutus showed that the two subspecies F. a. acutus and F. a. pacificus could not be distinguished on the basis of the original diagnosis, but that such distinction could be made on the basis of the eye and the snout expressed as a percentage of head length. It was also shown that F. a. pacificus Bruun and Hemiexocoetus caudimaculatus Fowler are syn onyms of Fodiator acutus rostratus (Gtinther).


Applying community detection algorithms in spatial interaction networks constructed from modern human communication records is an essential means of evaluating urban territorial subdivisions. Previous studies have usually involved qualitative rather than quantitative interpretations of community detection results. This article proposes a method of quantitatively and qualitatively interpreting community partition results by map overlaying the spatial regions corresponding to the detected communities with the related geographical features and by calculating the distribution of the geographical features contained in the regions and the entropy value of each distribution. The interpretation of the communities detected from the spatial interaction networks is carried out from the perspective of multi-temporal and multi-spatial scales and multi-geographical features. Extensive experiments were conducted with Milan, Italy, as the study area. The spatial interaction records reflected by telephone calls, land use, and point of interest (POI) data were used as the experimental data. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of our method, and the specific results include: (1) Qualitative interpretation of multi-spatial resolution scale communities detected from the long-term aggregated spatial interaction network. The cohesiveness, homogeneity, and heterogeneity of the detected communities were qualitatively interpreted by the spatial distribution patterns of the land use dataset and the POI dataset. (2) Quantitative interpretation of multi-spatial resolution scale communities detected from the long-term aggregated spatial interaction network. The low spatial resolution scale community partitions and the high spatial resolution scale community partitions were interpreted through the statistical distribution of the land use dataset and the POI dataset, respectively. (3) Qualitative interpretation of the stable and active regions discovered from the community time series. Regardless of the community partitions' spatial resolution scales, the stable and active regions were distinguished with the statistical distributions of the land use dataset and the POI dataset.


The present invention relates to a smart card comprising a microcircuit, comprising a projecting member including at least one other component, and external contacts in a card support, characterized in that the microcircuit, and the outer contact member protruding fixing point is formed in a portion of the housing sub-assembly is formed in part of the thickness of the card support member in the said sub-assembly including an upper surface carrying the microcircuit and at least the outer surface of the projecting member and the outer carrying support film contacts with said projecting member facing a window formed in a part of the support film.


Besides pointing to the need for understanding the range of permissibility in Islam these accounts also suggest that a proper understanding of kinship and related institutions cannot be acquired without taking into consideration the context of business of living. It is to be hoped that this volume will contribute substantially to expose the futility of polemics built up around the monolithic concept of Muslim community. Many of these articles have not been able to make full use of their potential in the form of data. They can be explored further. It is a moot point whe- tlier greater editorial inputs would have been able to bring in some uniformity of terms and concepts and greater com- parability. One has to be wary of over- editing undertaken in the name of excellence which often results in effacing the personality of an author and subtly distorts his arguments. But removal of some obvious errors of definition and some trimming in many places would have been welcome.


Design standards and specifications for 5.5 to 27.4 m (18 to 90 ft) clear span hardwood glued laminated (glulam) highway bridges have been developed and are available from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Resin systems, preservative treatment processes, laminating procedures, and key structural properties have been determined and incorporated into the standards for three commercially important hardwood species : northern red oak, red maple, and yellow poplar.


To obtain data on the depth distribution of flaws in backup rolls, we have analyzed the results of manual ultrasonic testing of over 300 rolls at rolling mills. On the base of the statistical analysis were obtained the main reasons of destruction of working and backup rolls. Our results show the importance and necessarity of inspection the entire volume of rolls, including roll necks. The application of automated ultrasonic and eddy-current testing is a feasible way for decreasing the rate of emergency breakdowns of mill rolls. "RollScope"-type multichannel devices developed for the automated nondestructive testing of mill rolls. The inspection results are displayed as 3D-type scanning defectograms.


Chapter 19 is a short chapter in which TOE imaging for patients undergoing thoracic transplantation is reviewed. As expected, the chapter is divided into two sections: heart transplantation and lung transplantation. For each section, pre-transplant, post-transplant, and late assessment are discussed. The heart transplant section also covers the echocardiographic evaluation of the donor heart. Particular points that are covered include the assessment of the RV function—following both heart and lung transplantations—and the evaluation of the pulmonary veins following lung transplantation.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of extensive lymphadenectomy on survival in patients with gastric cancer.

DESIGN
Retrospective analysis

SETTING
University Hospital, Norway.

SUBJECTS
183 patients with stomach cancer resected for cure during the time period 1980-90.

INTERVENTIONS
78 patients had an R1- and 105 patients and R2 resection. 124 patients were treated by total gastrectomy, 5 by proximal--and 54 by distal resection.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Morbidity, mortality and long term survival.

RESULTS
The morbidity was 33% (60/183), of which 39 (21%) were general complications (pneumonia, thrombosis, or cardiovascular disease). 14 patients died postoperatively (8%). By logistic regression analysis we found that splenectomy was the only variable associated with both morbidity and immediate postoperative mortality. Five year survival was 39% for patients who had undergone curative resections, 30% for patients who had had an R1 resection, and 47% for those who had had an R2 resection. By multivariate analysis (Cox) we found that N-classification (TNM), tumour diameter of less than 45 mm, type of lymph node dissection (R2) and operation period (after 1984) correlated with improved survival.

CONCLUSION
Extensive lymph node dissection improves survival without increasing morbidity or postoperative mortality.


Tunneling processes in de Sitter spacetime are studied by using the stochastic approach. We exploit the Martin-Siggia-Rose-Janssen-de Dominicis (MSRJD) functional integral to obtain the tunneling rate. The applicability conditions of this method are clarified using the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. In the case of a shallow potential barrier, we reproduce the Hawking-Moss (HM) tunneling rate. Remarkably, in contrast to HM picture, the configuration derived from the MSRJD functional integral satisfies physically natural boundary conditions. We also discuss the case of a steep potential barrier and find an interesting Coleman-de Luccia (CDL) bubble-like configuration. Our results demonstrate how the bubble nucleation process could be described in the stochastic approach. Our method turns out to be useful for investigating various tunneling processes during inflation.


Whole genome RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was carried out to characterize gene expression of defined nephron segments in rats. Four defined nephron segments were manually microdissected from Dahl salt‐sensitive rats (SS) after collagenase digestion: glomerulus (Glo), proximal tubule (PXT), medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL), and outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD), about 200 tubules (0.5‐1mm) for each segment. Marker genes traditionally used to validate the purity of tubular isolation were quantified by RT‐PCR: Nphs2, Aqp1, Slc12a1 and Aqp2. RNA was extracted from the four segments from three rats yielding 100 ng for library preparation. Genome wide RNA expression levels were determined by multiplexing six library samples per lane on a 300 Gb flow cell and read paired‐end with an Illumina HiSeq 2000. The reads were aligned to the Rn5 rat genome and gene‐level or isoform expression was presented as fragments per kilobase per million reads (FPKM) enabling direct comparison of each gene between nephron segments. Each library yielded 6‐7 Gb of data with ~ 70 million reads and a mean quality score of 35 with an average mapping rate of 90%. Data analysis found a highly uniform pattern of gene expression unique to each of the tubular segments. In addition to the traditional marker genes mentioned above, other unique sets of genes were found specifically expressed in each of the segments. Examples of unique genes for each segment were: Sema3g andMgp in Glo; Spink1andPck1 in PXT;Glycam1 andPpp1r1a in mTAL; Guca2a and Defb1 in OMCD. Since these may represent more than simply novel marker genes, their unique functional roles in the segments need to be explored. (HL082798)


This paper presents an experimental study of the laser interferometry technique. Zemax OpticStudiowas employed to model Michelson interferometer for eardrum evaluation. Zemax Optical Design simulation was performed to specify the proper dimensions of Michelson interferometer for achieving best performance.A default configuration of Michelson interferometer was modeled. in terms of variant scaled configurationto reduce the dimensions and improve the resolution. Therefore, simulated eardrum characteristics were evaluated in response to pure tone sound stimulations. The measurement results show that the proposed design was able to detect nanometer displacement of the tympanic membrane with a high sensitivity.


A $Ka$ -band hemispherical lens antenna fed by a phased array antenna (PAA) for 1-D wide-angle beam scanning is presented. The hemispherical lens antenna with two dielectric layers is designed based on the combination of geometrical optics (GOs) and finite-element method (FEM), thus the computational complexity can be reduced without loss of accuracy. A modification procedure is then proposed to efficiently modify the lens antenna for wide-angle scanning property. Finally, the lens is fabricated through 3-D printing technology in spite of its complex shapes. A linear patch array is employed to feed the hemispherical lens antenna. By utilizing the conjugate field matching (CFM) method, the proposed lens antenna is able to achieve 1-D beam scanning with about 2.6 dB/5 dB gain loss as scanning to ±45°/60°. The measured results show that the proposed lens antenna has a low profile with a focus-to-diameter ratio (F/D) of only 0.14, and aperture efficiency for the on-axis beam is 52% at 27.3 GHz. The proposed antenna is highly suitable for 5G mm-wave wireless communication with the advantages of wide-angle beam scanning, low cost, and ease of fabrication.


Deborah Gordon is concerned that contemporary animal behaviorists underemphasize behavioral and ecological variation and advocates greater attention to natural history and ecology. She also maintains that ecology, while recognizing the existence of variation, does not currently adequately capture both the fluid dynamic nature of the variation and the manner in which behavior constructs ecological context. I appreciate her thoughtful analysis and sympathize with her basic arguments. However, I would like to dig a little deeper into the root cause of the problem. In my assessment, the satisfactory integration of ecology and behavioral ecology demands a more radical solution, without which a genuine fusion is unlikely. In the struggle to understand a mind-blowingly complex and changing world with modest intellects, we scientists grasp at conceptual tools that render our business more manageable. We assume that, at least for the kinds of questions in which we are interested, with their associated temporal and spatial scales, that it is reasonable to treat certain processes, and certain kinds of variation, as relatively unimportant. This allows us to hold certain aspects of the world constant and to explore the causal structure of the phenomenon of interest relative to this context. All scientists do this, and scientific disciplines are effectively ''clubs'' in which likeminded researchers share some consensus over what is, and what is not, reasonably treated as context. For instance, Harvard philosopher of biology Peter GodfreySmith (Godfrey-Smith 1996) describes evolutionary biology as ''externalist,'' by which he means that the adaptations of organisms are described relative to the characteristics of an ''external'' environment. It is organismal rather than environmental change in which evolutionary biologists are interested. Accordingly, to enhance tractability, the selective environment is treated as if it preexisted the biological trait of interest. We all know that the world is messier than this but accept the convenient fiction on the pragmatic grounds that it allows an exploration of how differential survival and reproduction in that environmental context fashioned the focal character. Natural selection, then, is recognized as the cause of adaptive organismal change, and the environment is relegated to mere context. Note, this is a scientific convention not an invariant truth about the causal structure of the world. It is perfectly possible to envisage the environment to be playing a more direct causal role in evolution—indeed, this is observed in models of sexual selection, frequency dependent selection, and coevolution, where evolutionary change in one trait provides the selective context for evolutionary change in another. Here, the convenient fiction will not wash, and the associated bodies of theory provide pragmatic fixes, albeit piecemeal ones. These are viewed as ''special cases''—ones in which the environmental context also happens to be an evolving organism—and consequently are not viewed as threatening the legitimacy of the general externalist stance. Such conventions over context are vital if scientific disciplines are to get on with their business. However, it is important that we recognize that these conventions can outlive their usefulness and that each comes with a price. The price we pay for the convenience of evolutionary biology regarding the environment, and therefore ecology, as context is that all evolutionary disciplines undervalue the active role of organisms in constructing their niches and all tend to underplay the dynamic nature of the environment (Odling-Smee et al. 2003). What Deborah Gordon sees as particular failings of ecology and behavioral ecology I view to be more generic concerns, associated with multiple evolutionary disciplines. Critics of evolutionary anthropology and archaeology dwell specifically on the failure of the fields to recognize humans as actively constructing their environments (e.g. Ingold 2007). Evolutionary psychology is criticized for its emphasis on ''universal'' evolved psychological mechanisms that fail adequately to capture both human behavioral diversity and the diversity of human selective environments (Foley 1996) and that treat humans as passive victims of selection (Laland and Brown 2006). The longstanding tension between developmental and evolutionary biology in part reflects evolutionary biologists' treatment of development as a ''black box'' (e.g. Maynard-Smith 1982, p.6), which precludes any causal role for the organism in constructing both selective environments and variants subject to selection (Amundson 2005). Ecology has been a divided discipline, with separate population/community and ecosystem approaches (Jones and Lawton 1995), in part because evolutionary biology did not provide tools to capture adequately how organisms engineer habitat, control, and regulate flows of energy and matter and drive state changes in abiota (Jones and Lawton 1995; Odling-Smee et al. 2003). The conceptual revision most likely to integrate ecology and behavioral ecology, in my view, is equally the change in thinking necessary to integrate ecology or to provide a satisfactory evolutionary framework for the human sciences. It requires a different way of thinking about evolution: one that no longer treats environments as context, that formally recognizes Commentaries on Invited Review 233


I've been meaning to write this post for years. The thing that's stopped me is that whenever I've sat down to write it, I've been


To reduce the risk of toxic substances ingression into the soil, ground and surface waters, it is proposed to protect the bed and slope ramps of the earth embankment for sludge collectors (sediment tanks) with reliable waterproofing – soil-concrete. It has been recommended to perform the screen soil compacted layers inclined towards the tail bay at an angle to the structure base surface, what is more, the angle value is determined by the permissible values of filtration flow's parameters. The proposed technical solution allows increase the reliability of sludge collectors, as well as minimize the risk of an emergency situation as a result of the ingression of toxic effluents into the soil and water.


Abstract Specimens of well ordered (S ⋍ 1) Fe-Co and Fe-Co-2V alloys are plastically deformed up to 4% at room temperature, then they are irradiated at liquid hydrogen temperature with fission neutrons up to an integrated dose of 7.2.1017 n/cm2 (E > 1 MeV). We have studied the influence of the precold working treatment on the recovery of radiation induced defects. Two main results are pointed out. First in the temperature range below 200 K the recovery is unchanged compared with undoped alloys, by contrast above 200 K, stage D attributed to the annealing of vacancies is split. An additional stage D' appears and it can reasonably be assigned to the elimination of remaining vacancies on super-dislocations. Des eprouvettes d'alllages bien ordonnes (S ⋍ 1) Fe-Co et Fe-Co-2V sont deformees plastiquement de 4% a la temperature ambiante, elles sont ensuite irradiees aux neutrons a la temperature de l'hydrogene liquide a un flux integre de 7,2.1017 n/cm2 (E > 1 MeV). Nous avons etudie l'influence de l'ecrouissage...


Two improved methods of extracting small-signal equivalent circuit parameters are dominantly described from S—parameters of power microwave GaAs MESFET in this paper, and also applied for 2100μm gate-width power microwave GaAs MESFET fabricated by us. We extracted the 13 parameters of small-signal equivalent circuit for power microwave GaAs MESFET . The agreement is good between the calculated S—parameters and the measurement ones. Comparing with theliterature.we have realized faster calculating speed and more accurate results.Also we discuss the problems such as the choice of the initial values of extrinsic parameters, optimization sequence of intrinsic parameters, decrease of search space and the number of independent variables etc..


Heikki Rӓisӓnen is acquainted with Hermann Samuel Reimarus' legacy in many respects. His references to Quran criticism should probably be considered a coincidence, though, because Heikki Rӓisӓnen never claims that historical investigation of the Bible grew directly out this soil. Nevertheless, it is important to note that his interest in the same question eventually results in a historical-critical comparison of the Bible and the Quran. There are also other issues that connect Reimarus and Heikki Rӓisӓnen. The latter is indebted to the influential tradition of German historicism inaugurated by the former, and this lays the foundation for his most important hermeneutical idea, that of the chain of interpretation. Reading Heikki Rӓisӓnen's Beyond New Testament Theology reveals how he understands the genesis of proper scientific investigation of the Bible. This chapter focuses on issues that really influence Heikki Rӓisӓnen's hermeneutical theory.Keywords: Bible; Heikki Rӓisӓnen; Hermann Samuel Reimarus; hermeneutical theory; natural theology; New Testament Theology; Quran criticism