The paper presents a novel idea to detect transient single-phase-to-ground fault based on current travelling waves in power distribution system with neutral non-effectively grounded, and an implemented scheme of protective relays based on current travelling waves and power-frequency voltages, which can identify not only permanent single-phase-to-ground faulted feeder but transient faulted feeder, which helps to prevent the transient insulation flashover from evolving to the permanent fault and phase-to-phase fault. The paper uses the amplitude and polarity characteristics of zero-sequence current travelling waves measured in all feeders to identify disturbance source and determines whether the disturbance is transient single-phase-to-ground fault based on the same disturbance source frequency. And the paper uses zero-sequence and three-phase voltages to detect permanent single-phase-to-ground fault and current travelling waves to identify the faulted device. When transient or permanent single-phase-to-ground fault is determined with the faulted source, a smart processing scheme is presented, which closes the tie switch at first and opens the faulted feeder at last, to meet the requirements of smart grid providing uninterruptible power supply to the load. (5 pages)


A series of organosoluble copolyimides was successfully synthesized from the 2,2',3,3'-bipheny-ltetracarboxylic dianhydride(i-BPDA) and 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride(s-BPDA) with aro-matic diamine 4,4'-ODA.The copolyimides were characterized by FTIR,DSC,TGA and DMA.The copo-lyimides hold superior mechanical properties and show improved solubilities,depending on the i-BPDA con-tent.A regular increase of glass transition temperatures and a decrease of inherent viscosities of copolymers with increasing content of i-BPDA were also observed.


The objective of diploma thesis is to investigate the strategic business environment in turbulence-change times as well as to evaluate the suitability of the application of strategic and change management theories in a particular organization.The theoretical part of diploma thesis is concerned in process of strategic management, which is described by process analysis and from the viewpoint of macro-analysis PEST and PORTERS, internal analysis such as internal audit, value chain and SWOT analysis on which is based the overall long-term strategy for strategic and business plan of a company for the future. In the next section we characterize the process of change management, and also we will outline individual theories of change management, and development of a new one considering today's turbulent times and the latest development of Organizational Learning Theory, which plays an important role in change management. In Practical part we apply all the knowledge and the different methods and analysis to evaluate the activity of a Nissens Slovakia s.r.o. company strategy and specific change processes in the company and their effectiveness.The outcome of diploma thesis based on the analysis of the practical consideration of the processes of changes in Nissens Slovakia s.r.o., mainly in case of concentration in customer services and assessing the preparedness of organizations with a subsequent proposal with recommendations for improvement in process of changes from the strategic view of effective market coverage and profitability of the company


Education is a constitutional right of Ecuadorian people, this education must be integral, in other words it must develop the motor skills, cognitive, social and emotional areas, nevertheless, the majority of public school teachers with the object of fulfill the development of established skills in the national curriculum guidelines, leave out the emotional development of it, which has an impact on children's learning since, problems, conflicts, frustrations, among others, which affect the behavior and learning, in other words, these lose or reduce the motivation to learn. Therefore, this research work has as an objective to develop a ludic proposal to reinforce emotional competences in children from four to five years old, so a qualitative and a quantitative methodology was used through observation sheets applied to boys and girls, surveys to teachers and interviews to authorities of Basic General Education "Enma Vaca Rojas" School in order to know about emotional competences' conditions of initial level's students. After have got information, was considered pertinent to bring up the proposal "Gestionando mis Emociones", made up of ludic strategies of emotional education that allow to be applied by teachers in a practical and fun way, these teach students to manage their feelings what reduces disruptive behaviors, improve the academic achievement and encourage empathy permitting to generate a harmony environment inside classroom.


Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb concentrations in surface sediments collected from 10 stations in the western part of the Johor Straits were determined. Samples were acid digested and metal concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The obtained results showed that Zn had the highest concentration (111.7±78.8 g/g) among the selected metals, followed by Pb (28.4±30.0 g/g), Cu (21.8±15.8 g/g) and Ni (16.4±15.6 g/g). Sediments collected in stations near the Johor Causeway had higher metal concentrations than those from other stations. A station near the Johor Causeway had significantly higher metal concentrations than other stations. Metal concentrations also exceeded the limit set by a sediment quality guideline. This could be due to semi-static water flow and an anoxic environment in the area. A comparison with previous studies also revealed continuous increases in metal concentrations in sediments of the western part of the Johor Straits.


This study aims to explore the phenomenon of divorce among migrant workers (TKW) who work in East Asia who made a lawsuit in the Ponorogo Regency Religious Court (PA) in year 2017. This study used a qualitative approach to the design of case studies. The results of the study show that the main factors causing divorce for TKW can be grouped into 3 factors, namely; economy, environment, and responsibility. These three factors give rise to the reasons used in filing a claim, namely; not providing a living, husband being sentenced to prison, morality (infidelity), husband disappearing, and domestic disharmony. Supporting factors for the divorce claim are strong supported by the level of education, family support and information technology. From the factors and reasons for the divorce, in the view of Islamic law can be grouped into three groups; mubah, makruh and haram.


A lithium salt of 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid, Li2(C9H5NO4S)·4H2O, has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques. The salt is monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 10.323(3), b = 10.088(9), c = 11.792(6) Å and β = 92.21(3)°. Li ions adopt two different distorted tetrahedral geometries. Li(1) is surrounded by a water molecule, N,O atoms of the oxine ring and one of the oxygen atoms of the sulphonate group. Li(2) is surrounded by three water molecules and an oxygen atom of the sulphonate group. The two lithium ions are bridged by a water molecule, leading to a polymeric network.


The main reclamation and utilization approaches of garbage landfill gas(LFG) was analyzed,the system configuration of LFG driven direct-fired heat pump and the flow process of LFG collection and purification were studied,the economic properties of the system was also calculated.Results of the study show that compared with coal-fired boiler,gas-fired boiler and electricity driven heat pump,a input power of 500 kW LFG fueled heat pump system,which is assumed to operate in heating mode for 300 days annually,will save 425 tons of standard coal,2.71×105 cubic meters of natural gas or 6.42×105 kWh of electricity.The initial cost of such a heat pump system will be paid back in about two years.Therefore,LFG driven heat pump system is an economical,feasible and environmental technology.and is also an energy-saving mode to utilize resources effectively.The economic and environmental benefits are prominent.


"CONSTRUCTION INHERITANCE" European project addresses the preservation of work processes, materials and traditional tools for building restoration, through compilation of key knowledge which will be the basis for the development of training contents and its subsequent m-learning products. The partnership consists of six partners: Bildungszentren des Baugewerbes eV -BZB(Germany); Ente per la Formazione e l'addestramento professionale nell'edilizia -Formedil Puglia(Italy); Institut wallon de Formation en Alternance et des indépendants et Petites et Moyennes Entreprises -IFAPME(Belgium); Comité de Concertation et de Coordination de l'Apprentissage du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics -CCCA-BTP(France); Centro de Formação Profissional da Indústria da Construção Civil e Obras Públicas do Sul -Cenfic(Portugal); all led by Fundación Laboral de la Construcción –FLC(Spain). For many years, only major monuments were protected and restored. Today it is recognized that entire groups of buildings, even if they do not include any example of outstanding merit, may have an atmosphere that gives them the quality of works of art, welding different periods and styles into a harmonious whole. It is the so called "integrated conservation" wherein such buildings should also be preserved. Integrated conservation is achieved by the application of sensitive restoration techniques and the correct choice of appropriate functions of buildings. Thanks to many years of experience, senior workers in the construction sector have a precious knowledge about restoration and integrated conservation of old buildings and about methods and tools for artisanal work. However, with the impending retirement of those professionals, this knowledge risks of being lost for good. To avoid that, project will take into account knowledge transfer relating to processes, materials and techniques applied in six real refurbishment works, a European architectural heritage which will be the basis for the development of training contents and its subsequent m-learning products. One of these products will be an application for mobile devices (APP), which shall be used as a complement for the existent training in the national systems of VET, and which will help to improve trainees' skills in restoration activities in EU countries.


One of the major public health issues in Ethiopia is malaria. From the total population about 4-5 million Ethiopians affected each year. The objective of this study is to identify the dependence of malaria situation on spatial factors and socio-economic, demographic and geographic variables. The investigation in this study uses the household cluster malaria survey which was conducted from December 2006 to January 2007. Geo-additive Bayesian model using Kebele as the geographic unit of the study was used. From the investigation, it can be seen that households in the SNNP region were found to be at more risk than Amhara and Oromiya regions. Households with better facilities including bed nets have less chance to be infected by malaria. The study also suggested that including spatial variability is essential to understand and plan the most suitable policies to decrease the threat of malaria. Semi-parametric models were used to modeling the effects of socioeconomic, demographic and geographic covariates and spatial effects on malaria distribution in Ethiopia. The results recommend the strong positive relations between malaria rapid diagnosis test and socio-economic, demographic and geographic factors. The spatial variability showed important spatial patterns of malaria.


The increase of criminal activity worldwide calls for cooperation in order to combat crime. All over the world, scientists, including Statisticians, of many seemingly unrelated fields are cooperating in order to find methods to prevent or to reduce crime. In this paper we analyze Greek crime data. The data are reported crimes per month or per year for the periods 1987-1997 (for the monthly data) and 1982-1997 (for the annual data). Some of the examined crimes are Commonly Dangerous Crimes, Robbery, Theft, Murder, Rape, Arson, Personal Vengeance, Drug Violations, Smuggling of Antiquities and Beggary. Data about the offenders are also examined. Multivariate methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Clustering methods are employed in order to map the crime activity in Greece and point out the areas where certain crimes seem to be increased. Quality Control is employed in order to make inferences about the months when different crimes are more possible to occur.


Effectiveness of Rain Tree Leaf Extract (Samanea Saman (Jacq.) Merr) to Inhibit the Growth of the Fungus Colletotrichum sp. the Cause of Anthracnose Disease on Papaya (Carica papaya). Due to its high nutritional value and high economic value, papaya is a local fruit that is in great demand in the community. The production of papaya fruit fluctuates due to a number of factors, one of which is the fungus Colletotrichum sp., which causes anthracnose disease in papaya fruit. In most cases, synthetic fungicides are utilized to combat anthracnose. Reduce the use of synthetic fungicides and replace them with more environmentally friendly plant-based fungicides, such as those derived from plant extracts. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of rain tree (Samanea saman) leaf extract in inhibiting and controlling the growth of the anthracnose-causing fungus Colletotrichum sp. in papaya fruit. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the efficacy of trembesi leaf extract against the fungus Colletotrichum sp. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of trembesi leaf extract to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum sp. was determined to be 0,1%. The results of the colony test demonstrated that the trembesi leaf extract inhibited the growth of Colletotrichum sp. colonies. In vivo inhibition tests revealed that trembesi leaf extract could inhibit the growth of fungal colonies, prevent infection, and suppress the growth of Colletotrichum sp. The 2,5% extract concentration can prevent 66,22% of the damage caused by Colletotrichum sp. to papaya fruit.


ABSTRACT We investigated morphological variation and sexual dimorphism in two species of syntopic cave crickets (Troglophilus neglectus and T. cavicola) from Northern Balkans. T. cavicola is able to penetrate deeper in caves and stays there for longer periods than T. neglectus. Yet, it has not exhibited clearly stronger constructive (body size, elongation of appendages, increased spinulation) or reductive (eye reduction) traits than T. neglectus. Moreover, contrary to expectation, there is no clear association between more prolonged staying in a stable cave environment and overall lower morphological variability in T. cavicola. Only some of its morphological traits actually showed less while other showed more variation than in T. neglectus. While T. cavicola males are larger than females, there is no such difference in T. neglectus. This may help males of T. cavicola being more competitive towards overall larger T. neglectus. With the exception of the body size, overall sexual dimorphism was better expressed in larger T. neglectus. The morphospaces occupied by males and females overlap more strongly in T. cavicola than in T. neglectus, indicating that ecological niches of both sexes are better separated in the latter species.


Air-cooled geothermal plants suffer substantial decreases in generating capacity at increased ambient temperatures. As the ambient temperature rises by 50 F above a design value of 50 F, at low brine-resource temperatures, the decrease in generating capacity can be more than 50%. This decrease is caused primarily by increased condenser pressure. Using mixed-working fluids has recently drawn considerable attention for use in power cycles. Such cycles are more readily amenable to use of absorption ''heat pumps.'' For a system that uses ammonia and water as the mixed-working fluid, this paper evaluates using an absorption heat pump to reduce condenser backpressure. At high ambient temperatures, part of the turbine exhaust vapor is absorbed into a circulating mixed stream in an absorber in series with the main condenser. This steam is pumped up to a higher pressure and heated to strip the excess vapor, which is recondensed using an additional air-cooled condenser. The operating conditions are chosen to reconstitute this condensate back to the same concentration as drawn from the original system. We analyzed two power plants of nominal 1-megawatt capacity. The design resource temperatures were 250 F and 300 F. Ambient temperature was allowed to rise from a design value of 50 F to 100 F. The analyses indicate that using an absorption heat pump is feasible. For the 300 F resource, an increased brine flow of 30% resulted in a net power increase of 21%. For the 250 F resource, the increase was smaller. However, these results are highly plant- and equipment-specific because evaluations must be carried out at off-design conditions for the condenser. Such studies should be carried out for specific power plants that suffer most from increased ambient temperatures.


Prevalence of low temperature at sowing results in poor rice seed germination, seedling establishment and vigour in several temperate rice growing countries around the world. Rice seed of four cultivars (Sasanishiki, H433, HSC-55 and Doongara) was soaked in various combinations of gibberellic acid(3) (GA(3)) and glycinebetaine (GB) in petri dishes placed in a low temperature glasshouse (18/13 degrees C; day/night) for 2 days. After the 2 days soak, 10 treated seed were transferred into plastic pots filled with soil and seedlings were grown in the same glasshouse, where seed was treated. Seedling emergence was least affected by low temperature in cold tolerant cultivar, HSC-55, while other three cultivars showed reduced seedling emergence. However, seedling emergence increased significantly in some cultivars in response to seed treatment with GA(3) and/or GB. Seedlings emerged faster even in the cold tolerant cultivar, HSC-55, as measured by reduced mean emergence time (MET), in response to GB. Seedling height and seedling dry matter also increased in response to both GA(3) and GB. Combined treatment of both GA(3) and GB was more beneficial in increasing seedling emergence and vigour than the treatment with only GA3 or GB. We demonstrated significant genotypic differences for seedling emergence and vigour and not all cultivars responded to the treatment with GA(3) and GB, under low temperature.


, baccalaureate program at the General College of the University of Minnesota was surveyed to determine graduate attitudes toward the program's usefulness in achieving personal and career goals, strengthening job market position, and entering 4 graduate school. A '77%trespons9 rate was obtained. Of the respondents, 63% were male, their average age was 33.3 years, and 66% hadfa Bachelor of Applied Studies (&AS) , while 32% held a Bachelor of General'Studies (BGS). Major findings include the following: (1) 51% entered the program primarily for career reasons, while 48% entered with persona' 4 development goals: (2) 80% thought the program greatly or very greatly satisfied these goals, (3) 5911 rated their self-designed program better than asklequate cr excellent, while 11% 'found it less\ than adequate: (4) if they w re tc do to over again, 62% indicated that they would choose the i dividualized program at General.College, 13% would choose an individua ized program offered elsewhere, and 21% would chooie a traditional program: (5) 83% of the eaployed respondentsrWeld jobs-related to their field of study: and (6) 21% of the respondents had been accepted AI graduate schoOls, though more BAS t,han BGS holders were accepted conditionally. Tables comparing data by sex are provided throughout the text. (JP)


The research and development period for the successful implementation, in both technical and commercial terms, of new major processes is in excess of a decade. It follows that the shape of the process engineering of the relatively near future resides firmly in the present and is therefore fairly predictable - it is in the timing where the questions arise. Responses to energy/raw material shortages and to modest social changes are in train, and the resultant view is one of optimistic realism. It is suggested that the necessity for a 'sleeping bag' society is a long way ahead.


The paper presents the modeling and simulation of the mechatronic tracking system used for a photovoltaic module. The mechanical model of the sun tracker is developed by using the MBS environment ADAMS, while the DFC software EASY5 is used for the control system design. The study is approached in concurrent engineering concept, integrating the mechanical and control models at the virtual prototype level. The main task of the design refers to the energetic efficiency, by maximizing the energetic gain (i.e. the solar input), and minimizing the energy consumption for performing the tracking. The design of the motion law is focused on determining the optimal actuating times, considering the energetic efficiency as design objective for the optimization.


A pot experiment on different methods of EM 1 application was conducted in the period 2002-2004. The study was carried out under controlled growth conditions. The experimental factor was the method of EM1 application. Before application, the biological preparation EM1 was propagated as recommended by the manufacturer (Greenland). The health status of the aboveground parts of 'Ramrod' pea plants was estimated at the flowering stage. The assessment of pea leaf gas exchange parameters (An, E, Gs, and Ci) was made using a LI-Cor 6400 Portable Photosynthesis System. Soil application of EM1 combined with chemical control contributed to inhibiting Fusarium wilt of pea. Foliar application of EM1 combined with chemical control increased all gas exchange rates of pea leaves. Fusarium wilt of pea insignificantly decreased all gas exchange rates of pea leaves and the number of seeds per pod. The best method of EM1 application was soil treatment combined with chemical control, which increased all yield-related morphometric parameters of pea.


Abstract : Two numerical models to predict wave refraction and shoaling in shallow water are described. One model is formulated in terms of wave rays, the other in terms of wave spectra. Output from each model is illustrated and compared to observations made at CERC's Field Research Facility at Duck, North Carolina. (Author)


This paper examines how impactful the implementation of teleconsultation is to a small medical clinic that struggles to manage its patients. To respond to this issue, the researchers created a responsive web-based teleconsultation and inventory system according to the client's needs, in doing so, digitalizing their current system to stay relevant in today's time. Through a survey conducted after the system was completed, users tested and determined the relevance and usability of the system. The results show that the system is working as intended, and it will be both a help and an innovation for the medical clinic it was created for. This study proves that, especially in these times of crisis, technological innovation is needed to assist in continuing the day-to-day processes of medical institutions for a sense of efficiency.


II. Definitions, Designs, and Domains ....................................................... 5 A . D efinitions ....................................................................................... 5 B . D esigns .......................................................................................... 8 C . D om ains ......................................................................................... 9


A "typical" dwarfed assemblage, the limonitic Pennsylvanian "Dry shale fauna" is studied. Approximately 4,000 specimens were collected in Lyon, Greenwood, and Elk Counties, Kansas. Five new genera are established. The fauna consists of 21 species, 11 of which are new. The ecology of the Dover shale and Dry shale seas is reconstructed, based on lithologic and faunal data. The gray argillaceous muds deposited in such seas contain the limonitic fauna. In Elk County limonitic fossils occur above the coal. Catastrophic death and restricted environment are postulated. Seven thousand individual measurements were made on usable fossils. These were then tallied on the Wentworth scale, permitting an effective size-grade analysis. The major grade-size was thus determined. Juveniles and adults were distinguished by morphologic criteria, graphic-analysis, and the use of the known upper size limit for any given genus or species. The evidence on dwarfism for 15 species is conclusive. For six species, due to small sample or poor preservation, it is inconclusive. Only adult imitoceratids appear to be true dwarfs. All other faunal components consist of immature forms and/or undwarfed adults. The assemblage is termed a "pebble necrocoenosis" (8-4 mm.) indicating that sedimentary processes (sorting) and not biological processes (growth retardation) have led to the observed relative size uniformity. Biological evidence and theories on growth in marine invertebrates are applied to the paleontological problem of dwarfism. The evidence includes: experimental growth acceleration (diatoms, algae, protozoans) by previously frozen water (trihydrol) and the independently observed latitudinal size increase in marine invertebrates; experimentally controlled size variation with changing salinity, etc.; explanation of growth-retarding effects of iron and oligodynamik waters; Pufferwirkung to explain normal-sized pyritized faunas; physiological effects of phosphates; retarding effects on cell growth of the sulfhydryl group. Suppression of terms "dwarf," "depauperate," "diminutive" to designate small size of a fauna is proposed. Pebble-necrocoenosis (psephonecrocoenosis) is the suggested substitute.


802.11mc contains Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) Protocol for round trip ranging and positioning.
802.11az proposes some improvements on FTM such as NDP SU/MU ranging, trigger based ranging, AOA/AOD measurements, ...

What are the implications for 802.11bd positioning mode?

This is a discussion document so feedback highly welcome.


The role of fetal echocardiography (FE) is constantly expanding due to advance in imaging technology and accessibility, which has changed the landscape of prenatal cardiology. The number of publications concerning FE and fetal cardiology was growing very fast from the late sixties, when the first articles appeared, to 2021, when in PubMed Central we registered more than 400 papers concerning FE and almost 800 concerning fetal cardiology. FE is base for planning perinatal and delivery room care of neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD). It provides the opportunity to foresee critically born neonates and prepare for the appropriate management for these babies. 1,2 In addition, it is not only a tool to detect, diagnose and monitor a fetus with CHD but also a tool to check the fetus wellbeing in normal pregnancy and all other fetal diseases. 3 – 8 FE cardiac functionality assessment might be the most sensitive tool of all the possibilities in assessing fetal wellbeing. FE is widely used in monitoring pregnancy with diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, during maternal pharmacotherapy and other maternal dis-eases which can affect a fetal's development. FE is useful also in monitoring fetal therapy, either pharmaco-transplacental therapy in arrythmias and invasive procedures like laser therapy or fetal surgery in such a problem as for example: twin to twin transfusion syndrome, diaphragmatic hernia, meningomyelocele, extracardiac tumors. Although some of these anomalies


This paper examines the post privatization performance of privatized companies using a sample of 23 privatization cases in Turkey completed within 1990-2000. Research findings indicate that mergers are resulting in the synergy gains, which is measured by operating cash flows relative to the industries. The cash flow increases do not come from gaining monopoly position and cutting capital investments and labor cost. The cash flow improvements come from the more productive usage of assets in generating sales. The subsample studies show that cash flow improvements are particularly strong in high overlap, equity-financed, value and larger merger subsamples.


The invention discloses a manufacturing method of linolenic acid or low-grade ester of linolenic acid, which comprises the following steps: adopting aquacare as fixed phase or loading aquacare on the carrier through solvent; loading in the chromatographic analysis column to flow hypercritical carbon dioxide slowly; collecting different elution components at different time; obtaining high-purity product.


Marketing complex acquires a new content as it tries to adjust itself to the changing business practices and consumer behavior. The research objective was to study the content of Marketing 4.0 and the changing relationship between the brand and the consumer. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the changes in marketing concepts, which proved that consumers have become partners in marketing communications. Internet communities and opinion leaders proved to affect consumer behavior. Social networks and messengers shape attitude of whole communities. The research revealed an increasing role of customization and personalization in the promotion of brands and products in the era of digitalization. Consumer experience and pleasure derived from marketing interaction are becoming more and more important. Previously obtained materials made it possible to define the change in the marketing complex in the digital economy from 4P to 4C. New consumer communities search for information on the Internet, thus overlooking traditional methods of marketing communications.


A feature of the different disciplines in the humanities is the divergence of their methods and epistemological approaches to addressing a topic, problem or text. Yet these multiple approaches can mean that our disciplines fail to argue their merits in discussions with colleagues from STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) disciplines who, by and large, clearly articulate their use value. This can mean that the 'A' that is sometimes inserted into STEM to form STEAM comes across as quaint, even antiquated, and often less critically astute. The Arts of the Grid interrogates how to rethink connections between multiple humanities disciplines: it uses the motif of the grid pattern to generate significant insight on individual topics and on disciplines. Many chapters are grounded in Rosalind Krauss's exploration of the grid in art in her two 1979 essays, 'Grids' and 'Sculpture in the expanded field'. But the volume expands well beyond visual arts to include historical analyses and investigations of the latest digital technologies in multiple art forms. The editors, Liora Bigon and Nava Shaked, aim to position 'the grid as a toolbox for the creation of innovative connections and networks that would refer to a spectrum of esthetical, philosophical, technological, methodological and ethical issues' (2). The grid acts as a surprisingly redolent medium through the curation of these very readable essays – even exploring how grids can become spirals, which may at first appear counterintuitive. The interdisciplinary essays both seek common ground and generatively pursue new points of reference, rather than forcing grids onto every discipline or topic. The essays are grouped into four sections: Planting and Planning the Grid; Generating Grids of Computational Arts; Kinetic Grids; and Grids of Learning. This ambitious volume is successful in generating further connections, engagements and experiments. The grid as template won't appeal to all readers but I found it far more evocative than I anticipated. The COVID-19 pandemic has ensured that our lives are far more shaped by grids than the contributors to this volume would have anticipated, via ubiquitous zoom screens. The contributors acknowledge the 'entanglement' (230) that can result from a focus on grids but the book's concluding remarks by Andreas Zehetner and Liora Bigon encourage readers to deploy the grid not as constraining but as permeable, much the way that Frank Bauer does in his essay, 'On grids of contemporary art production: A convergence of artistic, computational, craft and performative making'. There, he explores 'making' in fine arts, noting that while grids 'channel, alter and amend contemporary realities of making ... they remain porous, allowing and requiring the transfer of knowledge and techniques' (122). While gridded patterns are ancient, their use re-emerges extensively with the Victorians as, the editors note in their introduction, 'an emblem of modernity' (1). Francesca Orestano's very engaging essay, 'Searching for the grid at the turn of the nineteenth century: When art and science shared their fragments', explores the prominence of the grid in Victorian thinking. She offers an examination of the grid through the development of the


The United Arab Emirates and Bahrain have spearheaded aluminium production in the Middle East region for very long. Currently, both the countries account for a major proportion of primary aluminium produced in the region. Despite, the economic downturn, aluminium production in the region has a bright future. Aluminium International Today presents an overview of aluminium production in UAE and Bahrain in this feature.


To determine genetic differences between geographic populations of Crassostrea madrasensis,
studies on the protein band pattern in four tissues namely, adductor muscle, gills mantle and digestive
diverticula was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The interpopulation differences
observed in protein expression are discussed in relation to biochemical genetic characterisation of
C. madrasensis.


Solutions for the relativistic two-body Dirac equation with an enlarged class of phenomenological potentials including several Breit-type terms are investigated for the general case of unequal masses. The solutions corresponding to definite total angular momentum and parity are shown to fall into two classes, each being obtained by solving a system of four coupled first order differential equations. The reduction of this system to a pair of coupled Schrodinger-type equations and the particular case of equal masses are also discussed.


The evolution of mobile communications has increased the need for more-complex antennas on the mobile side than the standard whip antenna. The need arises from several aspects, one being the cautionary measure of limiting the absorption and absorption density in the user's head, the other being optimization of the communication quality, including ease of use. Although not used widely as yet, antenna diversity on the handset has the important possibility of improving the performance. Knowledge about the spatial distribution of energy around the user is necessary for the evaluation of mean effective gains and correlation coefficients for mobile antennas. This, together with numerical and experimental results for radiation patterns from various antennas, including the effect of the user, determines the end performance measures. Antennas discussed are patch, helical, and dipole antennas integrated within or outside the phone itself. The effect of different users on the performance is also of interest, since it turns out that the variability from person to person is quite large, and that the variations are reproducible. This means that testing antennas for this application is a complicated process.


Boilers firing low-rank coal generally experience high levels of slagging and fouling. To help manage convective pass fouling, various additives or conditioners can be injected into the boiler furnace high temperature region as physical disruptors of slag deposits, exhibiting a varying density or gas evolution, which physically breaks up slag or as chemical modifiers of the ash to increase its softening temperature. Vermiculite is one additive that has been applied with success; however, it is important to ensure that the injected material is placed in the most heavily slagged and fouled areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a vermiculite injection system installed on a large cyclone-fired boiler and to identify improvements in the injection system that would permit more effective treatment of the areas of interest. During the study, a million-cell full boiler combustion model was developed. Typical features of the furnace flow and temperature field were obtained. Considering the particular operating conditions and features of the upper furnace flow field (biased gas velocities and rotational flow), optimized injection schemes were proposed. This study shows the usefulness of applying CFD to solve slagging and fouling issues for coal-fired boilers.© 2008 ASME


Nowadays, bisphosphonates are considered the drugs of choice for the treatment of several bone disorders. Their exact mechanism of action is not clear but recently it has been reported that the aminobisphosphonates inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis and that this might be relevant for their actions on bone osteoclasts. The study includes 87 postmenopausal women with moderate to severe osteoporosis. The patients were randomly assigned to intravenous (iv) infusion of 50 mg of the aminobisphosphonate Neridronate dissolved in 100 ml of saline solution every 2 months for a year (44 patients). The remaining 43 served as controls. At the time of each infusion blood samples were obtained for the evaluation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), apolipoprotein A‐I (Apo A‐I), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and total and bone alkaline phosphatase (AP). Free deoxypyridinoline (f‐DPD) was measured in fasting urine specimens. In the control group no significant changes were observed throughout the study period for any of the biochemical variables. In the Neridronate‐treated patients both bone AP and f‐DPD excretion fell significantly by 15–20%. In these patients serum total cholesterol and serum triglycerides showed marginal decreases, which were occasionally significant. LDL‐C and Apo B fell by 5–6% and these changes were statistically significant at most time points. Apo A‐I and HDL‐C rose progressively with time. At the 12th month, HDL‐C rose 17–18% (p < 0.0001) above the baseline values. Similar findings were obtained in four postmenopausal women given high iv doses of Pamidronate or Alendronate. In conclusion aminobisphophonates, at least when given iv, induce remarkable and unexpected effects on lipid metabolism with a final profile that might be clinically relevant.


Unmanned network robotics is a new multidisciplinary field that involves many fields of computer networks, multi-agent systems, control theory, 5G and 6G Internet, computer security, and wireless quantum communications. Efficient conjugation of such technologies needs to design new data verification schemes for robotic agents using the advantages of quantum key distribution lines. For such schemes the joint use of known fuzzy logic parametrical -gates and discrete multiple-valued logic models simplifies the application of quantum quasi-random keys. Namely, the separate regulating parameter in -gates is the most convenient tool to use quantum keys in comparatively simple classical control and verification procedures that do not involve quantum logic gates.


In this work we make the design and testing of a new mechanical element coupled to the vane of a small wind turbine, such that self-regulates and controls the instantaneous power generating wind during overspeed. The rural coast an andean highlands of Peru have high wind potential and on the contrary zero electrical services, in this scenario the provision of electricity by small wind turbines is a strategy solution. One disadvantage of the winds from these areas is its high speed variation, whose adverse effect on the turbine generator is the premature destruction magnet generator winding and turbine blades breakage. Tests were performed on the Wind Tunnel Energy Laboratory- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria-Peru. The results are given in the power curves of the wind turbine prototype. We also demonstrated the reliability of the mechanism when submitting to extreme wind speeds up to the blocking of the turbine generator, as well as the immediate recovery operation when the wind speed returns to nominal turbine generator working conditions.


Ecohydrology is an emerging discipline in the environmental sciences. Soil micro‐relief is of relevance to various ecohydrological processes such as rainwater redistribution, seed displacement through water runoff, water erosion and plant competition for water. Mechanical–optical methods to characterise the soil surface and its incidence in these processes are time consuming and can produce modifications of soil relief. This research explores a methodology combining non‐contact techniques (close range stereophotogrammetry and geostatistical modelling) for microtopographic description with video imagery analysis to formulate quantitative determination of surface water movement and infiltration in undisturbed field plots. The numerical quality of the results obtained was tested with ad hoc laboratory models representing various elementary landforms (basin, hill and ridge), as well as with infiltration runoff experiments in undisturbed field plots. The requirements to define a minimum set of properly oriented digital images to attain target precision thresholds in modelling soil microtopography for ecohydrological applications are shown as well as the conditions and experimental arrangement to obtain adequate video imagery of water movement on the soil surface. The use of geostatistical algorithms to analyse ecohydrological processes occurring at the soil surface is illustrated with results obtained from field plots. The methodology presented serves to characterise and quantify water‐related ecological processes occurring at the soil surface while preserving undisturbed soil conditions. Potential applications are in ecohydrology, soil erosion science and environmental material transport studies.


The unveiling of the world's first gene-edited twins by biophysics researcher He Jiankui generated much discussion about Chinese legal and ethical frameworks for biotechnology. In response, the hig...


The invention relates to a call control method, a call control device and a terminal. The method comprises the steps of judging whether there is object information conforming to set conditions detected in an area outside a terminal when the terminal receives a call request or is in a call, and establishing a call connection based on the call request or cutting off the call connection based on the call process when judging that there is object information conforming to set conditions detected. According to the embodiments of the invention, the terminal can establish or cut off a call connection when judging that there is object information conforming to set conditions detected in an area outside the terminal. Therefore, call can be controlled automatically without the need for direct contact of a hand with the terminal, the operation problem occurring when it is not convenient for the hands to directly contact the terminal to answer a call or hang up is solved, convenience is provided for users, and good user experience is ensured.


This study aims to clarify the history and issues in the origin of lesson study in Japan. In 1872, a new school system was started by the Meiji government. In that period, the object lesson was introduced in the normal school [teacher training college] as an updated teaching method for the new elementary schools. The object lesson method is based on Pestalozzian theory, according to which teaching should start from observation of objects that helps students recognize the concepts through their intuition. This method introduced a significant change in teaching. The normal school undertook on the responsibility of spreading the new teaching method through training teachers and also editing and publishing instruction manuals and textbooks. In the process, the criticism lesson was introduced as a teacher training method. In this method, the normal school students presented a lesson to the class and other students observed and discussed about it. For observation and discussion, four points of criticism were used: matter, method, teacher, and children. These are also useful for today's lesson study. The object lesson was spread along with the criticism lesson to the whole country through normal school products such as instruction manuals, new textbooks and the teachers who graduate. This form of lesson study shows us its origin and its principles. Later, the criticism lesson expanded its role from pre-service teacher training to in-service professional development. This describes how lesson study originated in Japan.


The results of studies on wastewater treatment from lignosulfonates by the method of induced reagent flotation were presented. The factors influencing the purification efficiency and technological regimes were identified, as well as the choice of activated carbon grades for deep post-treatment of wastewater were substantiated. Based on the research, a method was developed for treating local wastewater from lignosulfonateswith a flotation filter.


Our forests are disputed territory. Let me tell you a story about that battle-scarred landscape. It is a simple story about the bush, about us as a tribe of people and our place in this land. It contains no science, and few facts that can be measured. It is a collection of cultural memory that is too often dismissed as mere 'folklore'.


In the story "Leiland" (Lieland) from the collection Pit'om Dfika Badelet (Suddenly on Knock on the Door), Etgar Keret continues to write in the colloquial everyday Hebrew that has marked his work from its beginning. At the heart of the story we find Robbie, the protagonist, who realizes that the lies he has been telling since he was seven years old have materialized into subjects in a parallel world called Lieland. The story, then, uses colloquial speech not only stylistically, but also as an apparatus for the characters to engender an alternative world. Robbie's crossing to Lieland raises questions about the poetics of space in the story: What are the relations between Lieland and Robbie's


E-consults replace "curbside" interactions, facilitate provider-specialist communication, document within the medical record, and track relative value units (RVUs). Pediatric infectious diseases (PID) E-consults commonly relate to vaccines, exposures, diagnoses, and treatments. The documented RVU effort of 197 consecutive PID E-consults was equivalent to 70 level 4 new outpatient consults.


Background Medical students at the International Medical University (IMU), Seremban, Malaysia were required to assess patients at home over a period of two years as a part of their curriculum. The students conducted six visits to educate their patients and help them utilize available resources to manage their disease. This study aims to examine whether patients with diabetes visited improve their control of their disease, specifically in terms of their HbA1c measurement. Methodology We used a retrospective, matched before and after study design to prevent biased levels of effort by students conducting the home visits over two years. Information was obtained through reports written by IMU students. Convenient sampling was used to select outpatients undergoing treatment 'as usual' from a health clinic and were subsequently matched as controls. Results There was a significant decrease in the mean HbA1c among 57 patients with diabetes who were CFCS subjects [from 8.4% (68 mmol/mol) to 7.3% (57 mmol/mol) p<0.001], while the mean HbA1c levels among 107 matched control subjects rose significantly from 7.9% (63 mmol/mol) to 8.3% (67 mmol/mol) (p=0.019) over a similar period. The two groups were controlled for most biological and socioeconomic variables except for comorbidities, diabetic complications and medication dose changes between groups. Conclusion Behavioural intervention in the form of home visits conducted by medical students is an effective tool with a dual purpose, first as a student educational initiative, and second as a strategy to improve outcomes for patients with diabetes.


Using argon as the pressure medium, the structural and elastic properties of NiO have been investigated up to 67 GPa by the in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. Up to 67 GPa, NiO remains in the rhombohedral distorted rocksalt structure without phase transition. The lattice parameters of a and c, indexed in the hexagonal lattice, were found to decrease monotonically with increasing pressure, while the c/a ratio remains almost constant. The elastic properties of NiO were studied by analyzing the linewidth of various diffraction perks, which indicates that the factor S=(S11−S12−S44/2) is negative although the single-crystal elastic compliances S11 is positive, respectively, in the investigated pressure range.


The penetration of renewable energy into modern grid networks is on the rise. Consequently, power networks become increasingly subjected to grid disturbances due to the stochastic nature of wind energy. Grid connected wind turbines must be operated based on the stipulated grid codes, with minimum frequency deviation during grid dynamics. In this chapter, a comparative study of grid frequency stability using two topologies of frequency control is presented. The first scheme uses a flywheel-based doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) variable-speed wind turbine, while the second scheme uses an energy capacitor system (ECS)-based induction generator fixed-speed wind turbine (FSWT). The DFIG coordinated maximum point power tracking system employed in the first scheme is presented, based on the reference power control to achieve smoothing of the fluctuated wind power. The ECS control strategy used to achieve smoothing of the fluctuated wind power output during dynamic periods in the FSWT, for the second scheme, is also presented. The wind farm is connected to a traditional grid system containing steam and hydro turbines. Simulations were run in PSCAD/EMTDC for both schemes, using the same natural wind speed for effective comparison of results.


In this paper, a new comprehensive, multi-level and multi-dimensional organizational leadership model is tested. Subordinates assess their direct supervisors (leaders) through a 34 item questionnaire, the CMLO-I. The model´s macro-structure consists of a) two sets of antecedent conditions concerning the team and goal achievement -SUBORDINATE and GOAL sets. There are three scales nested within each set, referring to the leader´s individual, group and organizational levels. The theoretical model uses a structural equations framework with latent variables, having two analysis levels, a subordinates´ version and a supervisors´ version. It was empirically tested in a financial company: 64 subordinates assessed 11 supervisors. REsults using a LISREL 7 analysis provide empirical support for the hypothesis about the significance of model´s parameters, the fit to data, and the equivalence between the two versions. Most of goal achievement variance is expalined


The article presents a brief historical panorama and philosophical protoform of the idea of including a value component in the structure of natural science knowledge, positioned by the methodologists of post-non-classical science as one of its distinguishing features. These theses are projected onto the value-oriented educational knowledge in biology recognized by the student. Awareness of how this knowledge is obtained, how logically correct the process of its acquisition is and the result is verified. The methodical idea is formulated and substantiated to include the student's activity "in the logic of scientific research" in the content of school biological education, which involves solving special problems, including the development of an educational hypothesis, its verification and interpretation of the result.


Drawing on James Scott's works on "everyday resistance" and "weapons of the weak", this article inquires whether Roman Catholic women's gossip and jokes about priests may lead to a rede fi nition of priest-parishioners' relations. Using ethnographic material collected during fi eld research in rural Poland, the article demonstrates the ambivalent nature of anticlerical jokes and rumours, which, rather than constituting a tool of change, reaf- fi rm the existing order. In putting forward this argument, the article critically engages with Scott's theory and re fl ects on the problematic role of researchers in presenting the issue of agency and resistance. The analyzed case-study from the Polish countryside constitutes a point of departure for addressing a broader context of church-state relations and the situation of women in the Catholic Church in Poland.


Doppler ultrasound is accurate and of value in assessing the severity of obstructive lesions. Its routine use over a number of years now allows the technique to be applied to longitudinal studies of less severe lesions. We report the natural history of "mild pulmonary stenosis". Patients included in the study met the following criteria: Initial Doppler velocity 2.0 to 3.Oms l - absence of other cardiac anomalies - two or more Doppler velocity measurements at least 6 months apart. Of 247 patients investigated for pulmonary stenosis, 63 met the above criteria for inclusion in the study as "mild pulmonary stenosis". Ages ranged from under 24 hours to 15.2 years (mean 4.3 years) on entering the study and follow-up was from 0.67 to 8.24 (mean 4.15) years. The most recent gradient was within 5 mmHg of the initial one in 30 of the 63 (47.6%), more than 5 mmHg less in 23 (36.5%), and more than 5 mmHg above it in 10 (15.9%). Velocity rose above 3.0ms-L (36 mmHg) in 7 of the 63 patients (11%), in 4 of whom intervention was considered necessary. 5 of these 7 patients were first examined in infancy.


Palliative care is an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual. Dentist may come across the solid tumours of head and neck region, oral manifestations of haematological malignancies, temperomandibular disorders, dry mouth and many other oral diseases. So dentist is a very important part of palliative care team. In India organisations like NNPC and Pallium India are making enormous contribution in the field of Palliative care. Kerala and Calicut model are the living examples for the provision of Palliative care to masses. The dentist's role in palliative care is to improve the quality of life of the patient.


In this report, we develop a Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) methodapplied to solving the two-dimensional anisotropic poroelastic equations written as a first-ordersystem in the frequency domain. We motivate the choice of the HDG method by the complexity ofthe considered equations and the high number of unknowns. The HDG method possesses indeedall the advantages of Discontinuous Galerkin method (hp-adaptivity, accuracy, ability to modelrugged domain,...) without its main drawback, the dramatic increase of the number of degrees offreedom. We illustrate the accuracy of the proposed solution methodology thanks to numericalexperiments and comparisons with analytical solutions that were developed in another work. Wealso offer numerical implementations on realistic geophysical media.


In order to solve the problem of high cost and poor expansibility, this paper presents the design and implementation of the robot based on embedded platform. This paper introduces the design of the printed circuit board backplane, interface, information acquisition and information interaction module of the robot remote-control system based unimpeded platform. We have verified the usability of the system through experiment to provide some references for the relative researchers. Concept and Features of Embedded Platform Common definition of embedded system is application centric based on computer technology, hardware and software which can be cut, for the application of the system, a special computer system to function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumption. The computer system includes two branches: general computer system and embedded computer system. The general computer system generally adopts standard design, including the general architecture of storage devices and large capacity, can carry out high speed and mass data processing; and the embedded computer system is a computer system for data storage capacity and computing ability of resource constrained. Its function, cost, shape, size, reliability, power consumption and so on are limited according to the design requirements of the application object, so there is no standardized design. The biggest advantage of embedded systems is that, according to the actual needs can be tailored to different systems. It is composed of four parts: embedded microprocessor, peripheral hardware, embedded operating system and user's application program, which can be used to control, monitor and manage other devices. Embedded system is an integrated platform of software and hardware. The processing ability of the integrated platform is much higher than that of the previous. System kernel. Embedded systems are usually used for small electronic products, the system resources are relatively small, so the kernel is much smaller than the traditional operating system. The software and hardware of the embedded system are very close. The system is based on different hardware, even the same series of products for the same task should be modified according to the change of the hardware. Hardware Design of Robot Remote Control System Based on Embedded Platform Design of Printed Circuit Board. If the user uses the interactive layout system can automatically detect the current state of the layout, display the current layout in violation of rules error or warning, which greatly reduce the error caused by the layout for the work. In order to get a satisfactory component layout, the user must set the printed circuit board component layout rules. Printed circuit board routing rule number routing is based on various specifications, such as safe spacing, wire width and so on, which is a constraint on automatic wiring. The wiring rules are also one of the key printed circuit board design, need some practical experience, the wiring rules cannot be too high nor too low, if the constraint conditions are set too high, will bring about the difficulty of wiring, the wiring of low success rate, the constraint conditions are set too low, not only the quality will be affected, but also bring risks to the actual product, even unable to meet the actual requirements. For more stringent requirements of the wiring line, the input and output lines should be avoided as far as possible to the adjacent parallel, in order to prevent the occurrence of reflection interference. When necessary, the ground wire should be isolated, and the wiring of the two adjacent layers should be perpendicular to each other, which can easily produce parasitic coupling. Firstly, the power line and the ground wire 175 5th International Conference on Frontiers of Manufacturing Science and Measuring Technology (FMSMT 2017) Advances in Engineering Research (AER), volume 130


Over a period of many years, Federal Yugoslavia1 appeared to be the ideal model for the treatment of national questions in south-eastern Europe following the fall of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires, which gave birth to several multinational successor states. For many years it made possible a peaceful coexistence between its peoples, especially between the Serbs and Croats. Mutual relations between these two peoples would be decisive for the outcome of Yugoslavia, although they would be scarred until 1945 by two sources of antagonism. After 1918, two different approaches towards 'Yugoslavism' competed with each other;2 on the one hand, Croatian elites preached a decentralized federal state structure that would be respectful of national particularities, whilst, on the other, the Serbian monarchy strove to create a united and centralized 'nation-state' akin to the French model. The abolition of the Constitution in 1929, in favour of a royal dictatorship, left the Croatian elites with a feeling of deep frustration, despite the significant degree of autonomy that had been accorded to Croatia in 1939. The other source of antagonism stemmed from the racist policies of the Ustaša in the 'Independent State of Croatia' (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska), created in 1941 in the aftermath of the Nazi invasion and occupation of Yugoslavia. This state would encompass approximately the whole of present-day


Abstract Edaphic-endemic plant taxa are often interpreted as recently derived entities that evolved in situ, with genetic divergence driven by substrate specialization. However, little is known about the evolution of specific edaphic-endemic taxa, particularly the role that soil conditions may play in their initial divergence and continued persistence. Our study focuses on Ceanothus roderickii, a strict specialist on soils derived from a single outcrop of the geological material gabbro located in south-western El Dorado County, California. In order to elucidate the evolutionary history of C. roderickii we sequenced the third intron of the low-copy nuclear gene nitrate reductase (NIA) for individuals representing four populations of C. roderickii and a wide taxonomic and geographic sampling of closely related plants, including 37 populations of Ceanothus cuneatus and a single representative from 16 other taxa. Analysis of NIA shows that C. roderickii is closely related to C. cuneatus var. cuneatus, a widely distributed taxon found on a diversity of soils. Ceanothus cuneatus var. cuneatus is paraphyletic and comprises two major geographic groups, one coastal and one interior, the latter containing C. roderickii. Thirteen soil chemistry variables were assayed in 42 populations of C. cuneatus representing the wide geographic range of this species, and in 10 populations of C. roderickii. Analysis of these data indicates that evolution of C. roderickii was associated with specialization to nutrient-deficient forms of gabbro-derived soil. Soil chemistry associations of C. cuneatus var. cuneatus and C. roderickii are most divergent where the species come into close contact on gabbro, with C. cuneatus var. cuneatus occupying comparatively nutrient-rich forms of gabbro-derived soils, a result that is consistent with reinforcement.


To make the oil\|field decision more effective and scientific, according to practive fact and the expert's experiences, we design a WWW-based distributed tertiary recovery effect's analysis and evaluation decision support system. The kernel of the system is the modal\|database, using the structure of three\|database and multilayer distributed system of applying server. It can analyze and evaluate tertiary recovery and has included the model\|database and method\|database. The system has the function of maintenance, too. This article introduces the implement of the system, and presents the problems and the solutions, key\|technique during the implement.


The Healthy Indonesia Program is one of the government's flagship programs to create healthy families, in determining a healthy family it can be seen from the 12 indicators of a healthy family. Problems that arise in healthy families can be solved with the PIS-PK approach. The purpose of this community service is to be able to solve PIS_PK problems through community participation by developing local potential and resources in achieving healthy urban villages in the new normal period. The methods used in this community service include providing education and assistance, making IT-based educational media and developing potential and local resources related to PIS-PK and the management of Covid-19. The result of this community service is that most of the knowledge of the people of kurao pagang, surao gadang and desert laweh is high after the intervention. The development of local potential and resources has been carried out by making masks at the embroidery tailor convection and distributing masks in Surau Gadang, desert laweh and kurao pagang.


Three user interface designers were asked to design interfaces for a given problem. These designs were made available to a group of usability specialists for heuristic evaluation. The reviewers will lead off the panel with specific questions to the designers regarding the usability aspects of their designs. The panel will feature a lively discussion of the designers' various approaches and solutions.


This paper analyses the political decision-making process associated with the attempts to develop the tourism potential of Mt Stirling in the Victorian Alps (Australia). Its concern is with the failure of policy making since 1980 to bring about a strategic economic development programme that meets the needs of the regional community for a sustainable tourism industry. Using Public Choice theory to approach the analysis of collective failure, it is possible to identify the competing interests involved in the development debate and the causes of the impasse in government decision making. The paper examines the capacity of the disparate community interests to work together to generate alternatives to the government's own proposals which had consistently failed to incorporate regional economic interests in their planning procedures. The issues exposed in this example of process failure are not confined to Mt Stirling alone. They serve, perhaps, to illustrate a broader pattern of growing alienation and conflict between regional tourism interests seeking a greater voice in determining the sustainability of their own futures, and the demands of centralised urban decision-making systems.


A rhodium complex coordinated with a chiral diene, (R,R)-2,5-diphenylbicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-diene (Ph-bod), catalyzed the asymmetric addition of dimethylzinc to N-tosylarylimines to give high yields of chiral 1-aryl-1-ethylamines with high enantioselectivity (94-98% ee).


Throughout the 1980's the Infrared Group of the Optical Sciences Center at the University of Arizona has participated in the national and international efforts to realize self-calibration of photodetectors in the infrared. The results have not been encouraging.


In this paper, standard normal cloud model is adopted to deal with the randomness and fuzziness of power quality comprehensive assessment indicators, through quantifying qualitative indicators. Taking both the subjective and objective factors into consideration, the improved multi-level interactive decision-making mode is chosen to detemine the weights of different indexes, cosidering the two-way interaction between power supplier and electrical consumers. In this way, cloud model based power quality comprehensive assessment interactive decision-making approach has been established. Through the approach, the correlations between assessment points and cloud model are calculated. The credibility of assessment is defined to make the approach not only a way to express the results, but also a method to evaluate the accuracy, in this paper, the results of one typical case show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.


For nonlinear filtering, the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimation is popular. An LMMSE-based estimator using a measurement conversion can outperform the LMMSE estimator using the original measurement. However, to optimally obtain both the dimension and the form of such a conversion is difficult because this involves functional optimization. To solve this problem, this article proposes a generalized-conversion-based filter (GCF) using deterministic sampling (DS). Being an LMMSE-based estimator using a general conversion of the measurement, the estimation performance of the GCF depends only on the conversion-related moments, which are calculated using DS. A constraint on the conversion is used to reduce possible evaluation errors of using a DS method to calculate those moments. The GCF optimizes the moments by obtaining both the optimal dimension and the sample points of the conversion rather than the specific form of it. Then, the final form of the GCF is analytically obtained. For tracking of multiple or maneuvering targets, the likelihood based on the proposed GCF is also derived, and it can be calculated using the obtained conversion sample also in an analytical form. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the GCF compared with some popular and recently proposed nonlinear estimators, including the LMMSE estimator and existing conversion-based filters.


Explores the consumer behavior patterns of urban Chinese children as a primary and an influence market. Examines, as primary consumers, their income, spending and saving patterns. Finds that they have two different types of income, save over half of it, and spend the rest on snack items, play items, and the largest portion on school‐related items. Analyzes their influence on the spending behavior of their parents and grandparents among 25 product categories and the results reveal that they influence around two‐thirds of parents' purchases. Also considers role of age and gender on children's consumer behavior. Discusses some marketing implications.


The Protestant Reformation began as a religious reform in Germany and ended in political revolutions on both sides of the Atlantic. The early Reformation ideas of human freedom, equality, and dignity, advocated by Martin Luther and his co-religionists, helped paved the way for later democratic revolutions. Particularly influential were the early Reformation ideas of liberty of conscience and freedom of religious exercise, the rights of everyone to a vernacular Bible and to a proper education, and the rights of all fit adults, clergy and laity alike, to marriage and divorce. None of these ideas came to full institutional expression in the sixteenth century, but they created ripples that helped lead to the tidal wave of democratic revolution that swept across the Western World in succeeding centuries.


Metaphysics of Descartes is the first and preparation science of his philosophy. Because, Descartes makes epistemology. Descartes proves principles of this philosophy by metaphysics. These principles provide subject and assurance for accuracy of epistemology. Descartes says that cogito is the subject of epistemology and existence of God is the assurance for accuracy of it. Descartes calls these existences as substances in his metaphysics. These substances are two main, and the most important, existences of the philosophy of Descartes. This philosophy can not be made unless these two existences a reproven. Cogito is the contemplating and God is the creator existence of this philosophy. The relationship between these two existences in Descartes' metaphysics influences how knowledge and belief are considered. That is why the importance of relationship between these two existences in Descartes' philosophy is discussed in this paper. How does human being, who does everything as a thinking existence, form his relationship with knowledge and belief. The objective of this study is to understand the subject of knowledge and belief, by evaluating factors liying behind them, in Descartes' philosophy.


Through indoor experiments, concentration changes of n-hexadecane in the cells of bacillus cereus DQ01 and bacillus sp.DQ02 with the time, inhibition effect of NaN3 on the transportation of n-hexadecane across the membrane, as well as the accumulated form of n-hexadecane in the cells of bacteria were studied. The results showed that the higher the content of n-hexadecane in the medium was, the more the n-hexadecane that accumulated in the cells of DQ01 and DQ02 was. The two strains could accumulate n-alkane against a concentration gradient. By adding 30 mmol•L-1 sodium azide in the culture medium, the content of n-hexadecane that accumulated in the cells was apparently lower than that in the control group in which did not add inhibitor, which inferred that the transportation of n-hexadecane by DQ01 and DQ02 was an energy-dependent active transport process. Through electron microscopy, inclusions which did not appear when glucose served as the only carbon source, were observed in the cells of DQ01 and DQ02 when n-hexadecane was the only substrate, and inclusion bodies in DQ01, the number of which was more than that in DQ02, were transparent and smooth, while the inclusions of DQ02 were irregular and scattered in the cells.


Than between each slice is typically a high-resolution magnetic resonance image of within the slice. Therefore, the system and method have two scan, the first scan (202) and the second scan (204) are different directions, preferably perpendicular direction. The two scans are recorded by maximizing the correlation between those gradient, then fused (208) to form a high resolution image. Multiple receiving coils are used. When the image is a multi-spectral, numerous spectral band is reduced by being converted into spectral bands in the order of the image contrast, the spectrum band of high contrast can be obtained.


This study argued that Nigeria's adoption of wholesale privatization of its national economic assets without a corresponding industrial base can hardly achieve the goals of the SDGs in the year 2030. A post 2015 development agenda should revisit the dubious sales of some of these assets and the government should strive for accountability and transparency in order to strengthen the fight against corruption, insecurity and poverty


Melon is a popular soup or stew condiment in Nigeria. Melon soup is usually prepared with or without vegetables. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, trace and heavy metals and fatty acid profiles were determined using AOAC methods. Melon seeds examined were found to contain moisture (3.89±0.80%), fat (48.92±0.9%), ash (3.22±0.50%) and protein (30.16±0.98%). The trace metals found in the melon seeds were potassium (1,042 mg/kg), magnesium (742.45 mg/kg), calcium (136 mg/kg), manganese (40.87 mg/kg), iron (19.31 mg/kg), sodium (12.85 mg/kg) and selenium (0.11 mg/kg). Heavy metals: lead (0.047 mg/kg), cadmium (0.0053 mg/kg), mercury (0.006 mg/kg) and arsenic (0.093 mg/kg) were found in melon seeds. Melon seeds had 11 fatty acids among which arepalmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid, the most abundant being linoleic acid (58.35-64.89%). The oil of melon seed was found to be high in unsaturated fatty acid (84.34%).


AIMS
This study was undertaken to determine the activity and toxicity of regional chemotherapy using an isolated thoracic perfusion (ITP) technique as second-line treatment for patients with advanced and recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODS
Eighteen patients with relapsed NSCLC confined to the thoracic region entered the study and received regional chemotherapy using ITP plus low-dose systemic chemotherapy. All 18 patients had been pre-treated with some form of chemotherapy, surgery and/or radiotherapy. The cytostatic regimen had two components: (1) ITP using mitomycin 10 mg/m(2), navelbine 25 mg/m(2)and cisplatin 30 mg/m(2)on day 1; (2) systemic chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil 250 mg/m(2)and cisplatin 20 mg/m(2)given as a continuous infusion over 24 h on days 1-4.

RESULTS
All 18 patients were assessable for toxicity, tumour response and survival. There were 10/18 responses (CR 0; PR 10): a response rate of 56%. Side-effects were transient and acceptable. No treatment-related death occurred. Median survival was 21 months and the 1-year survival rate was 75%.

CONCLUSIONS
Regional chemotherapy using ITP plus low-dose systemic chemotherapy is effective in recurrent advanced NSCLC, with an encouraging survival outcome.


SEM images and compositional analysis were obtained for three objects of engraved silver plates with inlaid niello. Some areas of the niello have been lost and some cracks and scratches were observed in the niello. Compositional analyses showed that the niello comprises of silver, copper, lead and sulphur.


The paper reviews measurements of OH and NO(x) in a premixed jet-stirred reactor to determine the influence of finite mixing and the formation of pollutants. Reactor fuels were CH/sub 4/ and C/sub 3/H/sub 8/ for the OH measurements, and H/sub 2/CO, CH/sub 4/, C/sub 3/H/sub 8/, and C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ for the NO(x) measurements. Absolute OH was determined from optical absorption analysis, and NO(x) - by gas sampling and chemiluminescent methods. The OH measurements were indicative of a stirred reactor operated with a finite mixing rate which was found by extending the established theories for a mixing influenced reactor to the case of OH behavior. The NO(x) concentration was uniform at the fuel-lean conditions, but was nonuniform at fuel-rich conditions. The amount of NO(x) formed depended on fuel-type, increasing as the fuel was switched from H/sub 2/CO to C/sub 2/H/sub 2/.


Media are invited to view the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-S (GOES-S), the second in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) series of next-generation geostationary weather satellites, at 9:30 a.m. EST Tuesday, Jan. 16.


Abstract Students who enter introductory geology classes often have misconceptions about geoscience research, and they seldom have opportunities to gain authentic research experience in these classes. To improve student engagement in the class and understanding of geoscience research methods, a semester-long authentic inquiry research project was incorporated into an introductory geology laboratory class. This project requires students to create scientific models to test the hypotheses they generate, analyze data they collect and reflect on challenges they encounter. The utility of models in conducting geoscience research was emphasized, and student groups chose either visual models, computer models, or physical models for hypothesis testing. The impact of the project was assessed using pre-post surveys to determine changes in student understanding of research methods and student self-efficacy. Student reflections reveal qualitative improvements in both understanding and self-efficacy after project completion. Multiple-choice questions on research methods also support an improved understanding of research methods compared to a control semester. Statistically significant improvements in confidence to perform research-related tasks also demonstrate the value of the project. Completing this project helped students understand the scientific research process and how modeling is used in Earth science research. Implementing the project required significant instructor preparation and buy-in from graduate student teaching assistants (TAs), who acted as mentors to student research groups. Future iterations of this project will include additional conceptual scaffolding for students and increased support for TAs. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2021.1951080 .


Oxide glass or oxide glass - has one or more areas than a layer (15) of a semiconductor consisting of a ceramic support substrate (20) bonded together, substantially single crystal (e.g., doped silicon) SOI structure including a large-area semiconductor on insulator (SOI) structure is provided. Oxide glass or oxide glass - ceramic preferably is transparent, has a specific resistance at a strain point less than 1000 ° C., and It is preferable bonding strength between the semiconductor layer (15) and the supporting substrate (20) is at least 8 J / m The semiconductor layer (15) is a semiconductor material glass or glass - can have a hybrid region which has reacted with oxygen ions generated from ceramic (16). Supporting substrate (20) preferably has a depletion region in which the concentration of mobile cations is reduced (23).


We propose a new method for matching two 3D point sets of identical cardinality with global similarity but local non-rigid deformations and distribution errors. This problem arises from marker based optical motion capture (Mocap) systems for facial Mocap data. To establish one-to-one identifications, we introduce a forward 3D point pattern matching (PPM) method based on spatial geometric flexibility, which considers a non-rigid deformation between the two point-sets. First, a model normalization algorithm based on simple rules is presented to normalize the two point-sets into a fixed space. Second, a facial topological structure model is constructed, which is used to preserve spatial information for each FP. Finally, we introduce a Local Deformation Matrix (LDM) to rectify local searching vector to meet the local deformation. Experimental results confirm that this method is applicable for robust 3D point pattern matching of sparse point sets with underlying non-rigid deformation and similar distribution.


The publishment of The Station Professional Standard for Social Worker provides chance for the professionalization of social workers.There are two kinds of social worker professionalization in the process of social transformation:the capacity change of practical social workers and the specialized supportive professionalization of graduates major in social work.In this process,we should give the reasonable position to the social worker professionalization,then we could draw into the social work specialized institution.The government plays a very important role in the social work professionalization,and the professional and non-governmental organizations of social work take a great responsibility for its healthy development.


With the pervasiveness of the Internet, denial-of-service (DoS) and distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks have become important threats to servers, hosts and devices that are connected. The paper addresses the problem of mitigating DoS/DDoS attacks so as to ensure that legitimate traffic is given an acceptable level of quality of service. We propose a new technique, called port hopping, where the UDP/TCP port number used by the server varies as a function of time and a shared secret between the server and the client. The main strength of the mechanism lies in the simplification of both the detection and filtering of malicious attack packets and that it does not require any change to existing protocols. This port hopping technique is compatible with UDP and TCP and can be implemented using socket communications for UDP, and for setting up TCP communications. We performed both a theoretical analysis and empirical studies through an actual implementation to study the effectiveness of the scheme against DoS/DDoS flooding attacks. Our experiments show that the port hopping technique is effective in detecting and filtering malicious traffic, and hence improves the reliability of good traffic flow.


This article presents the importance of the Archives of Recife Law School FDR as a relevant space for collective memory. The purpose is specifically to contextualize the FDR Archive as memory space and report the treatment of the acquis. The institution's documents present a broad historical representation, given that they are dated from the nineteenth century, and it is one of the country's oldest law school, milestone in the teaching and dissemination of legal knowledge in Brazil. Given the large accumulated mass of documents, it was decided to prioritize the organization of files of students, consisting of a series of documents of students, accumulated throughout the period of his stay at the College. Thus, the organization and delivery of the collection is more than a necessity, it is a social duty.


This study aims to investigate ways to facilitate and encourage the resolution of doubts in help systems in pairs to collaborative environments for teaching. It is founded on two pillars: support systems, because it is considered that these resources are the best way to explain a system to user, and using expressions of communicability, coming from the Semiotic Engineering, because it is assumed that they can facilitate the identifying and solving doubts. This article presents a set of expressions of communicability to be used in the help system in pairs, as well as experiments for their definition. Moreover, it presents an architecture and a software prototype that enables the use of this set of expressions.


Our treatment of quantum mechanics is getting increasingly more realistic. In the last chapter, we made the leap from 1 to 3 dimensions. In this chapter we solve our first problem with a physically realistic potential– the attractive electrostatic (Coulomb) potential between two oppositely charged particles. In the case of atomic hydrogen these particles are an electron and a proton, but the theory can be easily extended to one electron ions such as Li++, muonic atoms where a muon is captured in orbit about a proton, or positronium (an electron in orbit about an antielectron). In this chapter we will ignore the complications of electron spin.


The removal from the rat of intravenously injected241 Am by repeated administration of Ca- or ZnDTPA has been studied. With a prompt treatment, the efficacy of ZnDTPA is lower than that of CaDTPA, whereas delayed therapy yields identical results for both chelates. DTPA efficacy diminishes in the course of chronic treatment, and the loss in the effect due to delayed initiation of the treatment cannot be compensated for by an increase in the total cumulative dose of DTPA. After intramuscular administration of241 Am prompt DTPA treatment is highly effective as it enhances the absorption of241 Am and prevents the build-up of a systemic body burden. The practical implications of the results are discussed.


Semi‐transparent polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) with double side emission using multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) sheets as top transparent cathode are described. The combination of an effective electron injection layer (EIL) and a hole blocking layer (HBL): PFN/Cs2CO3, allowed an enhancement of the electron injection from the MWCNT sheets. Those semitransparent devices exhibited a brightness and an efficiency of 220 Cd/m2 and 0.54 Cd/A, respectively, which were measured on the glass side. Our results indicate that the new architecture of laminated top‐MWCNT could be useful for the development of transparent displays using a vacuum free simple dry fabrication process.


The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the needs and preferences of cyclists when it comes to bicycle parking at the residence. Although knowledge of bicycle traffic is growing and the Swedish Transport Administration states that bicycle traffic needs to be emphasized, the importance of bicycle parking is often overlooked, especially in residential areas. This thesis shows that good bicycle parking is key in order to achieve a well-functioning bicycle network. If the bicycle parking in question does not meet the needs of the cyclists they won't use it correctly. Furthermore, the thesis indicates that people will bike more often if bicycle parking in general is improved. Studies show that high bicycle parking capacity is the most important factor followed by frame locking, weather protection, inside parking and good lighting. The conclusion of this thesis is that there is a great need of a manual explaining how good bicycle parking at the residence is designed. This would not only make it harder for housing companies to ignore the importance of good bicycle parking, but also help making the city's residential bicycle parking more uniform, which makes it easier for cyclists to recognize and use them correctly. (Less)


The authors construct explicitly even and odd q-coherent states (qCSs), which are proved to form a representation of the quantum Heisenberg-Weyl algebra, and study their properties. It is shown that optical statistics properties of the even and odd qCSs are very different. They find that an even qCS exhibits squeezing but no antibunching effect and an odd qCS has antibunching effect but no squeezing for all finite-q values.


Mefenamic acid (MFA) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that belongs to the anthranilic acid derivative family. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain. The present review article includes a compilation of articles on the various properties along with an extensive literature survey on the reported analytical methods of MFA. Using a comprehensive computer assisted literature review; this article discusses the analytical methodologies for quantifying MFA both in active pharmaceutical ingredient and pharmaceutical dosage forms. This is the first review article in this series with focus on the analytical profile of MFA. Although, several methods like High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, turbidimetry, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Mass Spectroscopy (MS) and electro analytical methods were reported in the literature, HPLC stands out first for the quantification of MFA.


Cognitive linguistics,which reveals the certain mechanisms of human thinking,puts the study of languages into the human cognitive process and researches the important role category plays in the learning process of human beings.The prototype category theory should perform a more important function in English vocabulary learning.


Linux system,for its small kernel,opening source code,easiness for tailoring tailoring and high transplantability,is widely used in consumer electronic products. And for its rapid operating in various products,the transplantation of Linux draws more and more attention from the people. This article describes how to build up Linux environment on S3C2440 platform and cross compiling environment,how to transplant Linux system and U-boot system,including the necessity of root file system. Now the Linux environment described in this paper makes U-boot run steadily on the target board,thus successfully leading the Linux operating system.


A sheet automatic comprehensive detection device disclosed by the present invention comprises an inverted U-shaped body, a displacement sensor unit, a positioning unit, a displacement driving control unit, a number identification unit and an industrial control computer control and information processing unit. The lower part of the inverted U-shaped body forms a pedestal, and the upper part forms a top cover. The pedestal is equipped with the movable supporting pins of the tested workpieces and a groove, and the positioning unit comprises a power source, a roller and positioning pins. The positioning pins comprise the fixed positioning point positioning pins and a movable positioning point positioning pin, the movable positioning point positioning pin is arranged in the groove of the pedestal, the connection line of the three positioning points is an obtuse triangle, and an obtuse angle vertex is a fixed positioning pin positioning point. The displacement driving control unit comprises a lower-layer two dimensional electric control guide rail arranged on the pedestal and an upper-layer electric control guide rail at the inner side of the top cover, and the positioning unit and the number identification unit are connected with an industrial control computer via data lines. The beneficial effects of the present invention are that: all parameters of the non-metal sheets can be measured automatically and comprehensively, and the measurement and application range is wide.


Part I. Theory: What is sentimental? What is comedy? What is sentimental comedy? Part II. Practice: Colley Cibber, Love's Last Shift (1696) Colley Cibber, The Careless Husband (1704) Richard Steele, The Conscious Lovers (1722) Edward Moore, The Foundling (1748) William Whitehead, The School for Lovers (1762) Hugh Kelly, False Delicacy (1768) Richard Cumberland, The West Indian (1771) Elizabeth Inchbald, Every One Has His Fault (1793) Aftermath Conclusions Appendix The text of The School for Lovers (1762) The text of Every One Has His Fault (1793).


The protein contents in different growth periods of the spinach leaves were assayed, and the dry spinach leaves of high protein contents during growth period were used as the raw material of this experiment.The effects of pH value,extracting temperature,extracting time and the ratio of water in extracting medium were studied. The results showed that pH9.5, extractingtemperature 45℃, extracting time 60min and the ratio of extracting medium to water 1:35 were the optimum extracting conditions of spinach leaf protein; while pH4.0 was the optimum precipitation pH value.


to evaluate vaccination rates, and knowledge of and attitudes towards vaccination in patients with IBD, as well as to identify associated with proper vaccination. a ques-tionnaire on vaccination. In was by serologic tests on common vaccine-preventable diseases. Factors associated with receiving adult were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. pts (13%) for non-response. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that IFX monotherapy is effective in a high rate of pts. Combo-therapy with IFX and IM should be reserved only to pts nonresponsive to IFX monotherapy. Background: Despite numerous studies on entoerocutaneous fistula (mainly anoperineal fistula), data on the use of TNF antagonist for internal fistulising disease remain scarce, and their use debated related to the risk of abscess. The aim of the study was to assess efficacy and safety of anti-TNF for internal fistula (exclusion of entoerocutaneous and anoperineal fistula). Methods: All chart of patients with Crohn's disease and treated with TNF antagonist for internal fistula were assessed. Primary endpoint was the onset of a major abdominal surgery. Secondary analysis included disappearance of fistula tract during the follow-up, and safety. Kaplan–Meier method was used for statistical analysis. Results: In total, 66 patients were included with a median follow-up of 43.2 months between anti-TNF initiation and last news. Fistula tract was ileal in 86% of patients. The mean length of ileal involvement was 22.2 cm, and 47% ( n = 32) of patients had associated abdominal abscess. Eight abdominal abscesses required percutaneous drainage. The fistula tract was complex for 44% of patients. Infliximab was use for a majority of cases. Half of patients ( n = 33) had concomitant antibiotics, and 23 (35%) patients had concomitant immunosuppres-sant. The median duration between the diagnostic of internal fistula and the initiation of TNF antagonist was 2 weeks. During the follow-up, abdominal surgery was required for 43.9% of patients ( n = 30). The surgery was decided because of primary non-response or abscess


Over the past 60 years or so, India has taken rapid strides in the development of the electricity sector both in terms of enhancing power generation as well as in making power available to widely distributed geographical boundaries. In order to meet the increasing demand for electricity, to fuel the economic growth of the country, large additions to the installed generating capacity and development of associated transmission and distribution network are required. However, during the past, the power sector was perceived to be riddled with some fundamental weaknesses, which necessitated initiation of the reform process in the Sector. Even though a number of policy initiatives have been put in place, the task of transforming the power sector is yet to be achieved. This paper highlights and quantifies some of these gaps and attempts to analyze the problem. The paper builds on the risks prevalent in the industry, some prominent hurdles that the power sector has already crossed, and more importantly others that have to overcome. The researcher has tried to provide some solution framework to overcome from the various issues and challenges in this sector.


A 4-month-old child presented with occasional dyspnea. Echocardiography revealed anomalous origin of right coronary artery from pulmonary artery and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Computed tomography (CT) angiography was done to confirm the diagnosis. Review of the CT images revealed normal origins of both the coronary arteries from respective coronary sinuses as well as right ventricular hypertrophy as well as dilatation. However, there was a 'V' shaped outpouching arising from the right ventricular outflow tract and invaginating the right ventricular myocardium (Figure 1). Another incidental finding was double superior vena cava, with left sided superior vena cava draining into the right atrium via the coronary sinus. Ventricular crypts (or clefts) are congenital defects of myocardial wall with prevalence between 3 and 6%. They form 'V' or 'U' shaped invaginations in the ventricular wall and communicate with the ventricular cavity with involvement of more than half of myocardial thickness. They show narrowing or complete occlusion during systole. Crypts are commonly found in left ventricle and rarely in right ventricle. Our patient had a ventricular crypt arising from right ventricular outflow tract which is not reported to the best of our knowledge. This entity mimicked anomalous origin of right coronary artery from pulmonary artery on echocardiography. Multi Detector CT however led to the accurate diagnosis. This case highlights the important role of CT for identifying origin and course of coronary arteries and to distinguish other structural anomalies mimicking coronary anomalies.


The definition of transmission accuracy sensitivity and the correspond calculational method are presented, and the results of the sensitivity are obtained based on the sensitivity analysis of the computational model of Harmonic Drive Gearing in consideration of many factors.Then the disciplinarian of affecting transmission accuracy efficiently and how they work are described. The current work is useful to improve transmission accuracy and parameter optimization of Harmonic Drive Gearing as well as beneficial to the research on other high accuracy mechanical drives.