Self-sustained oscillations of excitable networks have been extensively studied. However, many properties of directed networks have still not been understood clearly. In this paper we explore the dynamics and pattern formation of strongly connected complex directed Boolean map (BM) networks with excitatory interactions by using synchronous updating policy. Several theorems on the oscillatory dynamics are proposed and rigorously proven by logical analysis. Based on these theorems, we can successfully predict the global asymptotic behaviors of networks from local initial conditions of few nodes in a single loop, and effectively control and modulate the oscillations of networks by modifying few links.


Two U.S. geographers specializing in the environment of the states of the former USSR examine Kyrgyzstan's system of preserved natural areas, created mainly under the Soviet system, to determine how comprehensively it protects the country's diversity of bio-geographical zones. A coarse-filter gap analysis is performed on 19 generalized vegetation zones to identify those that are inadequately represented within the preserve network. The fact that over half of the 19 natural zones were found to have inadequate or very inadequate representation within the preserve system provides the basis for a series of recommendations regarding areas of the country/biogeographical zones warranting increased protection through the establishment of additional preserves. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: Q20, Q24, Q28. 4 figures, 4 tables, 1 appendix, 27 references.


In cooperative systems, the fractional incremental relaying (FIR) protocol can achieve higher spectral efficiency than the traditional incremental relaying (IRL) protocol by transmitting a fraction of packet, instead of the whole packet, at a time when retransmission is needed. The incremental redundancy (IRD) protocol can also be utilized when retransmission is necessary. Based on the two protocols, a novel protocol termed as selective fractional incremental relaying (SFIR) is presented in this paper. The FIR and the IRD protocols are combined in the SFIR protocol, when retransmission is needed, one of the two protocols is adaptively selected according to the channel conditions. The boundary condition of the SFIR protocol is presented by analyzing and comparing the performance of the FIR and the IRD protocols. Simulation results are also given to prove that the proposed SFIR protocol makes more efficient use of channel freedom degrees than the FIR and the IRD protocols do.


This report shows a new heuristic for the economic lot-sizing problem (ELSP) made by combining two already existing heuristics, namely a modification of the well-known part-period algorithm (PPA) by DeMatteis (1968) and a fairly new
heuristic by Van den Heuvel and Wagelmans (2009b). The performance of this new heuristic will be tested against a variety of heuristics of the same order and the optimal solution obtained from the Wagner-Whitin algorithm. This will be done in both a static schedule and a rolling horizon context.


s. STEP 2: PARTITION AND PLAN Partition each Abstract into Problem Statements Devise plan for sequence of solution Obtain solutions. Solve the DSPs STEP 5: SOLVE Figure 2.4. The Decision Support Problem Technique The Decision Support Problem Technique: Organization The organization of the DSP Technique is shown in Figure 2.4. It consists of two phases which are accomplished consecutively. In the first phase, at the metalevel, the design process itself is designed. The decisions themselves are not made in meta-design; rather, the decisions that need to be made are identified and are then placed in a decision plan. The decisions in the decision plan are needed to convert information that characterizes the needs and requirements for a product into knowledge about a prototype of a product that can be manufactured and maintained. The plan is created with the knowledge of what will be needed in implementing a designer's tasks and on the knowledge gained from meta2.2. The Decision Support Problem Technique 59 design, the design organization and its resources, the time scale and the anticipated costs. In the second phase, at the domain-dependent level of the system being designed, the first-phase process is implemented. The process that results from the first phase is particularized to the requirements of the design process in the second phase and the needs, intuition and skills of the designer who will implement it. In both phases the designer is an interactive partner, not simply an initiator of a sequence of automated processes. So when does design start? We assert that design starts when the first step is taken to extract a hierarchy from a heterarchy. We assert that design starts when the first step is taken to extract a hierarchical set representative of a Decision-Based Design process to effect the design of a specific engineering artifact (system). In a sense, the hierarchical set of constructs takes on a life directed towards effecting the design of a particular engineering system. The human designer through his/her interactive role in the design process brings dynamism to the chosen set. Design (and problem solving) starts at the same instant. Decision Support Problem Technique: Steps The first two steps deal with meta-design whereas the rest deal with design. These steps are valid for any event in the design process and can be implemented at any level within that event. In the following the steps are explained in the context of the design of a mechanical system.


This paper reviews the relationship between credit policy, balance of payments, and growth performance in developing countries within the framework of an evaluation of performance under stabilization programs supported by the IMF during 1977-79. The macroeconomic implicatoins of the supply and cost effects of credit policy are explored with the aid of a simple analytical model of the determination of output and the balance of payments. Based on nonparametric comparisons between performance under the stabilization programs reviewed and the experience of a reference group, the empirical evidence indicates that a significant improvementof relatively modest (and statistically insignificant) reduction in the rate of growth of output during and immediately after the program period.


The paper argues for the use of discourse analysis in information systems research by drawing on a discourse analysis study of virtual organizing. It identifies a range of issues and potentials in the use of discourse analysis both as a theoretical and a methodological approach in this field of research. The paper presents a study of a virtual team project and takes a particular focus on the discursive patterns of presence. It succeeds in identifying three different articulations of presence in virtual organizing which have not been previously recognised in the literature. It concludes with the argument that these discursive articulations of presence are central to understanding virtual organizing and that discourse is an important object of analysis for studies in IS.


Simple Summary Castration of piglets is routinely practiced to prevent the presence of boar taint. In Europe, around 61% of pigs are surgically castrated, 54% of which do not receive any pain-relief therapy. The increasing public awareness towards animal welfare and the ethical characteristics of animal-derived products has led to the necessity of finding more animal-friendly alternatives. Among them, immunocastration, a process of active immunisation leading to the suppression of testicular function, has shown promising results in light pig production, both in terms of animal welfare and productivity. Besides, no study has yet investigated animal welfare in immunocastrated males intended for Italian heavy pig production. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of immunocastration on the welfare of heavy pigs by monitoring behaviour and body lesions in immunocastrated and surgically castrated pigs. Salivary testosterone levels and productive traits were also evaluated. Our results confirmed that immunocastration is a suitable alternative to surgical castration with profitable productive performance, whereas the higher activity of animals and the higher presence of body lesions before the effective immunisation caused an impairment of animal welfare, which should be further investigated as a critical aspect in heavy pig production. Abstract Immunocastration has been pointed out as an alternative to surgical castration; though, most of the scientific studies were performed in light pig production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immunocastration on animal welfare in heavy pig production through the evaluation of behaviour and body lesions. A total of 188 commercial-hybrid pigs were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: surgical castration (SC) and immunocastration with Improvac® (IC). Data on behaviour, body lesions, and salivary testosterone levels were collected the day before each vaccination at 15, 22, 32, and 36 weeks of age. IC and SC pigs were slaughtered at 40 and 41 weeks of age, respectively; productive and carcass traits data were also collected. Considering productive performance, our results confirmed that IC pigs grew faster and presented a higher weight at slaughter. A critical period for pig welfare was observed before 32 weeks: testosterone concentration and body lesion score were significantly higher in IC pigs compared to SC pigs; active behaviours were significantly more frequent in IC at 15 weeks. Immunocastration may represent a suitable alternative to surgical castration with profitable productive performances, whereas the impairment of welfare during the period before the effective vaccination should be further investigated as a potential critical aspect in heavy pig production.


Alex is the son of one of my corporate clients and has been spotted by a model agency so needed a few shots for some potential work as a teenage model. He's a very confident, yet polite young man who was quickly at ease in front of the camera. I found...


Consumption of staminate (male) flowers of squash and pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) has generally been limited to summer squash (Cucurbita pepo), a species of temperate regions or highland tropical environments. In the lowland tropics of the Caribbean Basin, tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is better adapted and more widely grown. We evaluated flower production in Lajas, Puerto Rico, and postharvest attributes (shelf life, chemical and nutritional properties, sensory quality) of flowers of four tropical pumpkin and two summer squash cultivars. Tested cultivars varied slightly among experiments. Passive and active modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) were compared. For passive MAP, packages were sealed without further intervention. Under active MAP, packages were adjusted to 6% to 7% oxygen (O2) and 12% to 13% carbon dioxide (CO2) during sealing. Sensory quality of fresh and canned tropical pumpkin flowers was evaluated by panelists. Production ranged from 1.8 to 4.0 flowers/plant per day. Flower weight and length were up to 50% greater in tropical pumpkin compared with summer squash. Packaged flowers turned more orange but with less color saturation as they aged. In active MAP packages, decreases in O2, and increases in CO2 observed after 5 days were small or not significant compared with initially established atmospheres at day 0. Storage temperature generally had no effect on changes in O2 and CO2. Packaged flowers lost about 27% of their initial weight after 5 days. Type of MAP had no consistent effect on the appearance of packaged flowers. Storing flowers at 5 °C often improved appearance compared with storage at 10 °C. The rate of deterioration was slower in packaged flowers of tropical pumpkin compared with summer squash, but by day 6 the poor appearance of flowers of all cultivars made them unmarketable. Compared with fresh flowers, packaged flowers stored for 5 days exhibited a decrease in soluble solids, total acidity, ascorbic acid, antioxidant capacity, and total phenolics, and generally an increase in pH. Beta-carotene often increased in stored flowers although this varied by cultivar. Storage temperature and type of MAP had inconsistent effects on chemical attributes of stored flowers. Panelists rated fresh flowers as "like moderately" to "like very much" for texture, taste, and overall acceptability, whereas canned flowers were rated as "like moderately" for overall acceptability. Male flowers of tropical pumpkin are suitable for human consumption but deterioration after 5 days of storage limits their market potential unless better packaging methods are developed. Canned tropical pumpkin flowers may be an alternative to packaged flowers.


It is revealed from first-principles calculations that polarization-induced asymmetric distribution of oxygen vacancies plays an important role in the insulating behavior at p-type LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. The formation energy of the oxygen vacancy (V-O) is much smaller than that at the surface of the LaAlO3 overlayer, causing all the carriers to be compensated by the spontaneously formed V-O's at the interface. In contrast, at an n-type interface, the formation energy of V-O is much higher than that at the surface, and the V-O's formed at the surface enhance the carrier density at the interface. This explains the puzzling behavior of why the p-type interface is always insulating but the n-type interface can be conducting.


This article compares focus group findings with those of surveys on the same topics in three studies in order to determine the extent to which the two methodologces yield similar results. The studies included two follow-ups of tubal ligation acceptors (in Guatemala and Zaire) and research concerning attitudes toward vasectomy in Honduras. On 88% of the variables, the results from the two methods were similar; moreover, in half of the cases, the focus groups provided additional detail. The research suggests that focus groups and surveys provide consistent results on the types of variables for which focus groups are appropriate.


Petrographic-mineralogical characteristics of newly identified tuff horizons from the K³od- nica Member (Tournaisian, Visean) in the Lublin Basin and the associated volcaniclastic conglomerates and sandstones. Prz. Geol., 71: 207–211; doi: 10.7306/2023.15 A b s t r a c t. The purpose of the study was petrographic-mineralogical analysis of volcaniclastic rocks occurring in the Lublin Basin, within the K³odnica Member (Tournaisian, Visean), in seven boreholes. Its results were linked with the results of sedimentological and sequence stratigraphy studies to reconstruct the genesis of the sediments, as well as spatial and age relationships. Fine and coarse ash tuffs were identified, whose composition indicates acidic and alkaline volcanism. Accompanying volcaniclastic conglomerates and sandstones were formed mainly in the Tournaisian, before volcanic activity began. These sediments fill incised valleys, and belong to the oldest Carboniferous sedimentary filling of the Lublin Basin.


To determine drought resistance of ryegrass,seeds of thirteen varieties for different application were treated by PEG-6000 with different concentration of 0,5%,10%,15% and 20%.The relative germination rate,germination energy,germination index,vigor index of seed,and radicel/plumule value were tested and these data were used for cluster analysis.The results showed that in the germination stage,the ryegrass varieties with high drought resistance were Barwoltra,Oregon tetraploid,Tetragold,Yatsyn,Prime,Rustmaster,Mathilde and Jumbo.The varieties with weaker drought resistance were Pinnacle,Evening shadowⅡ,Pandora and Peak.The drought resistance of Winter Green was weakest.


UUV is becoming a new type of underwater operation platform as a particular o peration power.It is concerned by all navies.In is paper,the current development state,component,Launching and retrieval,useful model of UUV are discussed.Some key techniques are also analyzed deeply.The developing tendency of UUV is presented finally.


In many industrialized countries, employment types have increasingly diversified due to a rise in the number of irregular workers, including part-timers and dispatched workers, along with the feminization of employment. Particularly since the 1990s, trade unions have been urged to take necessary measures for this diversification. This paper aims to analyze the transition of trade unions' employment policies and their organizational structure from gender perspectives, focusing on the Japanese Trade Union Confederation (Rengo) in Japan and German Trade Union Federation (DGB) in Germany, and examines the issues of labour movements and their new possibilities. Specifically, considering the differences in the framework of industrial relations in Ja pan and Germany, the paper analyzes the policies on unionization and equal treatment after the 1990s. On the basis of this analysis, the paper points out that the future of labour movements in Japan and Germany can be sought in further promotion of gen der policies, the realization of equal treatment, re-evaluation of the concept of "la bour," and the implementation of collective agreements stipulating all these.


tivity in the plasma of ovoviviparous snakes. Proc. Soc. Exp. BioI. & Mel!., 86: 477-480. EDGREN, R A., AND D. W. CALHOUN. 1957. Estrogen antagonisms: The inhibition of estrone-induced uterine growth by testosterone propionate, progesterone and 17-ethyl-19-nortestosterone. Ibid., 94: 537-539. A suggested mechanism for estrogenprogesterone interactions. In preparation. HUGGINS, C. 1956. Augmentation and depression of estriol-induced growth of the uterus by progesterone. Proc. Soc. Exp. BioI. & Med., 92: 304-305. HUGGINS, c., AND E. V. JENSEN. 1955. The depression of growth of the uterus, adrenals and ovaries by fluorinated steroids in the pregnane series. J. Exp. Med., 102: 347-360. MASON, R C. 1952. Synergistic and antagonistic effects of progesterone in combination with estrogens on oviduct weight. Endocrinology, 51: 570-572. PORTO, A. 1941. Sobre a presenca de progesterona no corpo amarelo de serpentes ovoviviparas. Mem. Inst. Butantan, 15: 27-30. ROBINSON, T. J. 1954. The necessity for progesterone with estrogen for the induction of recurrent estrus in the ovariectomized ewe. Endocrinology, 55: 403--408. 1956. Quantitative studies on the hormonal induction of oestrus in spayed ewes. J. Endocrinol., 12: 163-173. SELVE, H. 1947. Textbook of Endocrinology. Montreal: Acta Endocrinologica. SDlPSON, G. G. 1944. Tempo and Mode in Evolution. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. TURNER, C. D. 1949. General Endocrinology. Philadelphia: Saunders.


The practice is the continuation of education in school. In the process of practice, students can learn new knowledge, drill their ability, accumulate experience and at the same time find their weakness. It will urge them to study continuously. The practice is a special feature of Haidian University and also a great advantage of employment for students in Haidian University. This article introduce the process in which the students major in Modern Home Economics Management practised in Guangzhou Zheng Xianghe Home Economics Service Co. Ltd and puts forward several viewpoints about how to arrange a good practice.


Simulated common disease data have been analyzed to identify a model of disease expression that involves the complex interaction of quantitative traits controlled by major genes and an environmental factor. Correlation and multiple regression analyses in conjunction with quantitative sib‐pair linkage analyses revealed a portion of the model involved. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The UK Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act of 1990 was revised in 2008 in response to legal challenges, societal changes and clinical advances since 1990. A provision permitting the creation of animal–human hybrid embryos was the subject of an extremely effective public relations (PR) campaign by embryo scientists and other supporters of such experimentation. In response, science correspondents of the 'serious' or 'quality' press commented favourably on these PR activities; this validation supplemented key messages in their press releases. The approval conferred on attempts to shape public opinion was explicitly contrasted with the public consultation exercise conducted by the UK Department of Health in 2005. Press coverage of the campaign demonstrated asymmetrical framings of the representativeness of public opinion and scientists' accounts of their proposed research. Scientists' views were represented as objective and therefore a legitimate basis for policymaking, in contrast with subjective views of putatively uninformed or opposed publics. Such opponents were cast as a counterpublic. The public interest was limited to evaluating the science on its own terms, thus pre-empting consideration of the possibility that public interests and scientists' interests may not coincide.


The reaction of tricyclic 5,5-benzannulated spiroketals with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and AlCl3 furnished benzopyranobenzopyrans, benzofuro-orthoesters, and benzofuroxanthones. Whereas the reaction of tricyclic 5,5-benzannulated spiroketals with TFA produced the pyrones, the reaction with AlCl3 furnished densely functionalized orthoesters and xanthones. The formation of these products was rationalized by fascinating mechanistic pathways involving semipinacol/α-ketol molecular rearrangements.


Breeding system is theoretically considered as a significant factor which has the most apparent effects on population genetic structure. It is practically useful in plant breeding and conservation of endangered species. Euonymus chloranthoides Yang is an endangered plant species which is endemic to Chongqing. This paper,presents pollen viability,stigma receptivity,pollen-ovule ratio, out-crossing index, and fruit set under a serious pollination treatments of E.chloranthoides Yang. From these experiments,the pollen-ovule ratio(P/O)is about 764~1 340,and its out-crossing index=3. Combining with the result of emasculation,bagging and artificial pollination,the breeding system of this species was determined to be self-compatible and needs pollinators sometimes. In 1 to 3 days after its anther crazed,there were above 50% of pollen has viability,the most was 97% of pollen has viability,so its pollen quality may not be the major factor leading to the endangered status of this species. The expression period of sexual function is overlapped to a high degree(the mean synchronies of two populations are 0.797 and 0.788),and it increased the probability of geitonogamy. Therefore,the difference between the expression of sexual function is not the major factor which influences the ratio of seed-setting of E.chloranthoides Yang. The limit of climate to pollination may be an influencing factor to the endangered status of E.chloranthoides Yang.


The present invention relates to a nano-1-naphthylamine polyethylene hollow structure and a preparation method, comprising the steps of: (1) Ingredients: 1- naphthylamine monomer and the templating agent added to deionized water with stirring to form an emulsion, an alternative primer another initiator dissolved in a beaker filled with deionized water, then to two seconds before dropwise added at a rate of each emulsion formulation, a mixture of blue color gradually darkened again; 1-naphthylamine wherein said monomer in the final concentration of the mixed solution is 0.02 ~ 0.2mol / L; (2) reaction temperature: room temperature under continuous stirring the mixed solution; (3) washing; dried (4). The present invention is cheap and easily available raw materials, simple process control is stable morphology of synthetic material, synthetic poly-1-naphthylamine hollow nanospheres and nanotubes can be used in microwave absorbing coating, anti-corrosion coating, secondary batteries, supercapacitors, gas sensors and other fields.


This article analyses the constitutional relation between Mainland China and the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong from a comparative legal cultural point of view. The recent controversy surrounding the Hong Kong Legislative Council members' oath taking serves as a starting point for the analysis in this article. The discussion focuses on the Hong Kong Basic Law, which is conceived as an interface of the underlying meta-doctrine of 'One Country,Two Systems'. The main argument is that the relation between Mainland China and Hong Kong is best understood as an uneven constitutional equilibrium. The underlying assumption is that the Hong Kong Basic Law is a constitutional interface where the contrasting legal cultural forces meetçthat is, it is the place where the civil law type socialist legal system confronts the common law tradition. The article concludes by underlining the importance of path dependence in an attempt to understand and analyse the complicated constitutional balance that exists between the People's Republic of China and Hong Kong.


This paper made six items reexplain on the Chu,Bamboo Slips of Warring States from Shanghai Museum (VolⅡ).For example, the second item reexplained the Bamboo Slip 2 and 6 in Zi Gao as that "made it no difference from the small and the great, the rich and the poor"; the third item reread "the inner of Xuan Qiu" as "the waterside of Xuan Qiu"; the fourth item translated "Fa Ming Bu Ye" from Xi Zhe Jun Lao into "if depose the order then not condone"; the fifth item read the Yong Cheng Shi Bamboo Slip5 "Ge De Qi Die" as "everyone can get it arrange";and so on.


In low frequency band, the attenuation rate of guided electromagnetic waves are very low and increases slowly as frequency. The response of near-wall is very small for either monofilar mode or bifilar mode, In this paper, the equations of both monofilar and bifilar mode are solved using numerical method. It is concluded from the presented results that the attenuation rate is weakly related to radius of tunnel and conductivity of tunnel wall. For a tunnel with arbitrary cross-section containing an axial conductor, the propagation characteristic of guided electromagnetic waves are weakly depended on area of tunnel cross sections, not related to the tunnel cross sections shape.


A 65-year-old male patient presented to the accident and emergency department with generalized upper abdominal pain. Blood tests showed a raised amylase of 1811 IU/l and elevated inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein = 126 mg/l). The patient was found to have a profound metabolic acidosis with a base excess of –16. Also of note was a history of severe alcohol excess. A differential diagnosis was made clinically of pancreatitis or ischaemic bowel and a computed tomography (CT) …


Abstract Background Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis with a wide range of clinical manifestations which represents a diagnostic challenge. It affects immunocompromised patients but also, previously healthy individuals that are exposed to a large inoculum of Histoplasma. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical presentation, epidemiologic features, laboratory/imaging findings and outcome of pediatric patients with histoplasmosis. Methods a retrospective study including patients diagnosed as Histoplasmosis according to ICD-10 at a tertiary care center in Mexico City during 2009 to 2019. Clinical, epidemiological and laboratory/imaging data were gathered from each patient's clinical file. Results 5 patients with diagnosis of histoplasmosis were included; 2 patients were classified as proven with histopathologic confirmation, 2 patients as probable and 1 patient as possible according to the EORTC/MSG. The mean age of presentation was 7 years, 3/5 patients were male and 3/5 reported exposure to bats. Diagnosis was delayed by an average time of 6 months due to the variability of clinical presentations (progressive disseminated histoplasmosis, spinal histoplasmosis, cerebral histoplasmosis, intestinal histoplasmosis and mild acute pulmonary histoplasmosis). For the diagnosis, 1/5 had positive ELISA, 1/5 positive immunodiffusion (M band), 1/5 positive EIA in cerebrospinal fluid and 2/5 with histopathology findings that matched histoplasmosis. Pulmonary imaging with interstitial infiltrates in 4/5 and evidence of cavitation in one patient. Hemophagocytic syndrome was a complication in 1/5 and medullary syndrome was developed in the patient with spinal histoplasmosis which resolved with treatment. Liposomal amphotericin B was the treatment in 4/5, followed by itraconazole as the maintenance therapy. Conclusion This study shows variable clinical presentations of Histoplasmosis which resulted in an important delay in diagnosis. This study highlights the importance of diagnostic suspicion in both healthy children and immunocompromised patients, always taking into account epidemiological risks such as exposure to bats. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (I) Wherein R 1 to R 6 , A, Y, X, G, n and m are each as defined in the specification, and methods for their preparation, as well as pesticides and acaricides Regarding use.


Abstract The effect of various gate insulators on the electrical properties of the amorphous silicon thin film transistors (TFTs) has been investigated. When the silicon nitride is used as the gate insulator, the on/off current ratio of the TFT is found to exceed 106 and the subthreshold swing is 0.4 V/decade. The highest field‐effect mobility achieved is about 0.42 cm2/V‐sec. A channel thickness of 50 nm is found to be appropriate to achieve good performance and the source/gate contact overlap of 0.5 μm eliminates the source resistance problem. When the electron gun evaporated silicon dioxide (SiO1.68) is used as the insulator, the highest field‐effect mobility of TFT in the saturation region of the I DS versus V DS curve is 5.1 cm2/‐sec. Actually, the electron drift velocity has saturated at 1.7 × 104 cm/sec, this is the first report of the electron saturation velocity in amorphous silicon alloy. The on/off current ratio exceeds 105 and the subthreshold swing is ranged from 0.25 to 0.5 V/decade.


The research on the capability of residue of Pleurotus ostreatus producing the biogas by anaerobic fermentation were tested.The results showed that the total biogas production and utilization of organic matter significantly increased if the residue of Pleurotus ostreatus being adjusted organic load to 6%~8%,C / N to(24~26) /1,initial pH to 7.0~7.5,made digester sludge as inoculum.The biogas production capability was no significant difference between residue of Pleurotus ostreatus and cow ma-nure as raw material.


We always wondered why our journal 'Geophysical Prospecting' and generally all geophysics journals have so little content concerning the actual recording of geophysical data and especially its instrumentation. Of course, we cannot expect as many new developments on the instrumentation side as we would see when it comes to the processing of data. The attitude of keeping new developments secret is possibly also contributing to the lack of publications. There are most likely more patents found on geophysical instrumentation and acquisition methods than papers explaining them or showing improved results in the geophysical literature. Then came the last downturn in our industry, just after a period of very high oil prices where many projects were started and now were struggling to keep their funding flowing. Projects could literally not afford to stay secret but needed to advertise for new partners. Additionally, new methods had to be found to increase the efficiency of the acquisitions with the oil industry demanding cheaper solutions. Not only were economic woes a trigger, but the increasing demand for more environmentally friendly methods caused a surge in new instrumentation and acquisition methods. Furthermore, it is also more and more difficult to find enough new hydrocarbon volumes in areas of "easy" seismic. Therefore, we see a shift in industry focus to more complex subsurface areas (e.g. fold and thrust belts, sub-salt and areas of volcanics), where seismic can be expensive and imaging difficult. This requires better integration of seismic and nonseismic methods, including enhanced acquisition, processing, and imaging. We therefore need to record better data to discover new reserves. What is digitalization without the right data? The goal was to collect as many value adding technologies as possible and in addition to the general announcement, many geophysicists and engineers in the industry were contacted directly. The following 18 publications cover a wide range of instrumentation and acquisition methods from satellite gravity over offshore electromagnetics and onshore passive seismic to autonomous nodes for seabed seismic. Some papers concentrate more on the mathematical background of the method, while others more on the engineering side of the new equipment. The result is a collection of very different technologies, methods and authors, including quite a variety of writing styles. We hope you enjoy the diversity and appreciate the enormous effort of the people involved to bring these technologies into the field for all of us. Probably one of the most exciting developments is the attempt to replace airguns with marine vibrators. Several companies have projects to build these environmentally friendlier sources, but Laws et al. shows us that marine vibrators can also be more efficient than airguns. Due to the full control of the phase a transverse gradient source can be produced and interleaved with conventional sweeps, giving the ability to reconstruct saillines and reducing survey duration to a third of the original time. Unfortunately, the reliability requirements for marine vibrators are onerous and we most likely have to wait for some few years before a full commercial system can replace the airgun arrays. That is the reason why Hegna et al. came up with an intermediate method, which fires single airguns continuously to produce quasi white noise: eSeismic. This reduces the Sound Pressure Level dramatically and by this also the environmental impact. Just as for a marine vibrator, the source energy is distributed over time which may give you a License to Operate where environmental restrictions are in place. Another method of simultaneous/blended shooting is to encode multiple airgun arrays with periodic time-shifts. Wittsten et al. proves mathematically that Signal Apparition can separate the blended wavefield in the frequencywavenumber domain, so that a diamond-shaped part of this domain is noise free despite the rapid shooting. They back this up with simulations and an actual triple-source survey using ocean-bottom nodes (OBN). More commonly, blended shooting with multiple sources uses random source patterns and often the deblending algorithms are given a lot of attention compared to the survey design parameters. Therefore, Nakayama et al. developed a method to iteratively find the best survey parameters using a genetic algorithm. With this survey-design workflow, they produced several scenarios to show the influence of survey parameters.


An intensity-tunable filter based on the guided-mode resonance effect that is tuned using elliptically polarized incident light is proposed in this paper. The resonant peak efficiency can be tuned over a range from 3% to 99.9% without shifting the resonant wavelength by varying the elliptical polarization states. The influence of three of the incident light parameters, comprising the angles of polarization, incidence, and azimuth, has also been investigated. The calculated results show that the light intensity can be adjusted by tuning of the polarization angle. By varying the angle of incidence, the dual-peak wavelengths can be divided into four peak wavelengths, and the distances between the separated-peak wavelengths can also be tuned. In addition, the azimuthal angle can be used to tune the reflection efficiencies of the resonant peaks and the distance that separates the peak wavelengths. Optical characterization showed excellent agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical results.


An easy experiment is suggested to visualize the shape of a jet of hot air, coming from a hair dryer, which encounters obstacles along its path. Quite simply, owing to the heating produced on a flat surface, it is possible to acquire infrared thermal images of the jet. As a particular example, we observe the entrainment of air which is the basis of the Coanda effect.


Microwave land surface emissivity (MLSE) is an important geophysical parameter to determine the microwave radiative transfer over land and has broad applications in satellite remote sensing of atmospheric parameters (e.g., precipitation, cloud properties), land surface parameters (e.g., soil moisture, vegetation properties), and the parameters of interactions between atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystem (e.g., evapotranspiration rate, gross primary production rate). In this study, MLSE in China under both clear and cloudy sky conditions was retrieved using satellite passive microwave measurements from Aqua Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E), combined with visible/infrared observations from Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmosphere reanalysis dataset of ERA-20C. Attenuations from atmospheric oxygen and water vapor, as well as the emissions and scatterings from cloud particles are taken into account using a microwave radiation transfer model to do atmosphere corrections. All cloud parameters needed are derived from MODIS visible and infrared instantaneous measurements. Ancillary surface skin temperature as well as atmospheric temperature-humidity profiles are collected from ECMWF reanalysis data. Quality control and sensitivity analyses were conducted for the input variables of surface skin temperature, air temperature, and atmospheric humidity. The ground-based validations show acceptable biases of primary input parameters (skin temperature, 2 m air temperature, near surface relative humidity, rain flag) for retrieving using. The subsequent sensitivity tests suggest that 10 K bias of skin temperature or observed brightness temperature may result in a 4% (~0.04) or 7% (0.07) retrieving error in MLSE at 23.5 GHz. A nonlinear sensitivity in the same magnitude is found for air temperature perturbation, while the sensitivity is less than 1% for 300 g/m2 error in cloud water path. Results show that our algorithm can successfully retrieve MLSE over 90% of the satellite detected land surface area in a typical cloudy day (cloud fraction of 64%), which is considerably higher than that of the 29% area by the clear-sky only algorithms. The spatial distribution of MLSE in China is highly dependent on the land surface types and topography. The retrieved MLSE is assessed by compared with other existing clear-sky AMSR-E emissivity products and the vegetation optical depth (VOD) product. Overall, high consistencies are shown for the MLSE retrieved in this study with other AMSR-E emissivity products across China though noticeable discrepancies are observed in Tibetan Plateau and Qinling-Taihang Mountains due to different sources of input skin temperature. In addition, the retrieved MLSE exhibits strong positive correlations in spatial patterns with microwave vegetation optical depth reported in the literature.


A good mixing process are required in designing gas turbine combustor. Numerical simulations using Large Eddy Simulations are well suited to address these issues. In this study, a numerical simulation of non reacting flow in gas turbine combustor was performed. There were 5 variations of swirler's angles (50 , 150 , 200 , 250 and 300 ). Perfomances of these new swirler were investigated. The main target of this investigation is to get the effect of swirler's angle to combustion recirculation zone. The results show that the longest flame stagnation point of 45,26022 mm was obtained at 250 of swirler's angle.


Based on "opening" and "diversity" which post-modernism worships,teachers,who study Chinese teaching,think that Chinese teaching should go into opening and diversity.Opening of Chinese teaching means firstly opening to course contents,and then opening of Chinese teaching to other subjects.Diversity finds its first expression in the target of Chinese course.Secondly,diversity of Chinese teaching depends on its diversity of contents.Moreover,evaluation of Chinese teaching must be diversified in the context of post-modernism.


Center filter element includes a cylindrical media pack defining a volume and a longitudinal axis having a center opening, the first end cap in fluid communication with respect to volume with the central opening has an opening, the second end cap is a closed end cap, having a closed and central region, close the opening volume of the end of the media pack. Closed end cap, while being extended axially towards the outside therefrom, includes a projection portion provided in a position intersecting the longitudinal axis. End cover of the air cleaner includes an inner surface provided with a central protrusion. Desirably, the wall of the central projection portion includes a peripheral surface defining a regular polyhedron having at least five sides. Air purifier includes a first open end cap and a second closed end cap, the filter element of cylindrical shape having a media pack cylindrical which extends between them. The first end cap defines a radial seal which is directed inwardly. The second closed end cap, having a central region including a recessed portion of the circular. Air purifier further includes an end cover. The end cover includes an inner surface provided therein a central protrusion. Central protrusion has when the filter element is operatively attached to the end cover, the size and shape to fit conforms to a concave portion of the second end cap. The method for attaching the filter element to the air purifier will use the configuration described here.


This article analyzes the origins, the social roots and the active joining from the Syndicalist Force to Neoliberalism. The Syndicalist Force was born from the confluence of two Right-wing politics which act inside the Syndicalism: the traditional "peleguismo" (slang) and the "results syndicalism". These two Rightwing politics got united when the first Neoliberal government reached the power in Brazil in the beginning of the 1990's, founding, therefore, the Syndicalist Force. The Syndicalist Force, as a representative of the private industrial sector, mostly, has found an echo for the Neoliberal proposals and also for some aspects of the Neoliberal ideology, mostly the diffuse critics to the public employment rights. The central supported actively the privatization politics, the non-ruling of the working relationships and the cut of social expenses, building itself as an active social force of the Neoliberal governments from the 90's.


Classification of patient samples with gene expression profiles is important to cancer treatment.In the large redundant and high dimensional gene expression data,a cancer is sensitive to some cancerogenic factors while another cancer is sensitive to some others.So we proposed a weight based classification with relative space(WCRS).The main idea is that a cancer's relative space is obtained via the diagonalization of its covariance matrix,and we built the cancer's model based on its relative space.Then the energy of a cancer is presented for measuring its relative spaces,and a minimal spread space based classification algorithm is proposed.The experiments show WCRS makes better precision than traditional classifications.


This report provides an overview of Mexico's motivations for entering the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the Mexican economy, the economic effects of NAFTA in Mexico, and the views of NAFTA within Mexico. It also provides information on NAFTA's effect on Mexico's agricultural sector because this has been one of the more controversial issues surrounding NAFTA in Mexico.


frames of memory studies into the more distant past and its core concepts to breaking point: Table 1 includes under 'Type of Memories' such disparate forms as 'Factual information (not experienced)' and 'Attitudes' and 'Practices'. Is it meaningful or even useful to call, for example, my own hazy understanding of 1066 (largely acquired through reading Kipling and browsing Wikipedia) as my 'memory' of the Conquest? One of the most interesting claims in the book is Brownlie's statement that '24% of the current UK population has explicit awareness of the story of [Harold's] oath'. Frankly, this figure sounds quite unbelievable. However, the relevant survey question given in Appendix 1 sheds some light, asking 'Were you aware that some historians think that Harold travelled to Normandy prior to 1066 and swore an oath ...?' Worded in this way it is likely that some respondents gave positive answers to avoid appearing ignorant. These reservations aside, Brownlie is to be commended for her detailed investigation into the enduring role of 1066 (and all that) in British culture: her analysis of the myth of the 'Norman Yoke' and its rich radical history is particularly illuminating. This book will be of value to mediaevalists and to scholars of public history and the public understanding of the past more widely.


The collector-top heterojunction transistor (C-top HBT) with inverted structure is expected to operate at a much higher speed than the emitter-top heterojunction transistor (E-top HBT) because the former has a smaller base-collector junction area. In this paper, the merits of the C-top HBT compared to the E-top HBT in circuit applications were investigated by the simulation of ring oscillation characteristics, including dependence on fan-out and interconnect line length, and the divide-by-four circuit characteristics. The influences of the emitter, base and collector resistances and the external base capacitance of the HBT's on the switching characteristics, and the divide-by-four circuit performance were also investigated. The degree of improvement was evaluated, using results of simulation over HBT's with the reduced base resistance and the external base capacitance.


Organic-inorganic hybrid gels were obtained efficiently by one-pot procedure from tributylstannyl ester of polymeric silicic acid (PTBS), chloro (3-methacryloyloxypropyl) dimethylsilane (1a), and cornmon monomers such as styrene, acrylonitrile, and methyl methacrylate. In the reaction system, substitution of tributylstannyl groups of PTBS by silyl groups of la and copolymerization of methacryloyloxy group of la with a monomer proceeded simultaneously under UV irradiation at room temperature. The resulting gel should be consisted of covalently bonded three components and regarded as a nanocomposite material. The use of another chlorosilane lb, which had cyanopropyl group, with la led to formation of a multifunctional hybrid gel.


An illusion device based on a shifting-distance concept has been investigated using a linear coordinate transformation method. Distinguishing it from previously designed illusion devices, we construct a shift-illusion device featuring resizing and rotating for both active and passive scatterers, in case the shifting region and physical space shared the same origin point. Similarly, when the shifting region is foreign to the designed device, the proposed illusion design performs as a rotation and relocation-shifting device to change the location of the scatterer. In addition, these proposed devices behave like the stealth effect in the absence of any scatterer as the outer-boundary field distribution is not disturbed. Meanwhile, the proposed concept is further extended for different mapping styles to validate the shifting-illusion concept. The constitutive parameters of the proposed devices are homogeneous, which makes them more appreciable for real implementation. It is expected that the proposed design will find potential applications in illusion devices, such as object protection, camouflage, etc.


In real recommendation systems, implicit feedback data is more common and easier to obtain, and recommendation algorithms based on such data will be more applicable. However, implicit feedback data cannot directly express user preferences. Meanwhile, data sparsity caused by massive data is still an urgent problem to be solved in recommendation system. In response to this phenomenon, this paper proposes a deep collaborative filtering algorithm. In the perspective of implicit feedback, this method uses the advantages of convolutional neural network for effective learning of the nonlinear interaction of users and items and the characteristics of collaborative filtering algorithm for modeling the linear interaction of users and items and combines the two methods for recommendation. Finally, the baseline method is set up and the comparative experiment and parameter adjustment is carried out. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has significantly improved the recommendation accuracy on public dataset (Yahoo! Movie). The parameter adjustment results show that, under the condition of uniformly collecting negative feedback data and setting a certain number of convolution layers, the sparser the data is, the better the recommendation performs. As a result, this paper has made some progress in solving the problem of data sparsity and enriching the research of recommendation system.


With a case study, a field research was developed combining, exploration and description with a qualitative analysis, with the use of intensive direct observation technique, with the objective of the article to make an improvement in its process of remelting to increase its production capacity.  The case study was carried out at Alcoa, the world leader in aluminum production, at work we went through a conceptual definition of aluminum alloy and its manufacturing process, which is currently of great relevance in the industrial market, due to its flexibility of application in various sectors. The improvement presented in the study allowed an increase in production in the process of remelting in the manufacture of aluminum alloy that was considered a bottleneck.


Guinea pigs have been trained to respond on a chained VR‐20 crf schedule of reinforcement for a food reward. The guinea pig had to press the bar until a 1‐kHz tone at −4 dB re dyn/cm2 was presented. The number of bar presses needed to turn on the tone varied randomly and the average number was 20. Once the tone was introduced, the guinea pig had to cross to the opposite side of the cage to receive a food reward. A premature crossing of the cage before the tone was introduced was punished by a 15‐sec time out during which the bar was withdrawn. Discriminative behavior developed. In a typical session (1) 77% of the cage crossings occurred after the tone was introduced, while (2) 23% of the crossings occurred before the tone was introduced. This discriminative auditory behavior may serve as a behavioral method by which many aspects of hearing in guinea pigs may be evaluated. This paper is the first report of a food‐rewarded response under the control of an auditory stimulus in the guinea pig. [This work was ...


The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for sharing a target video. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring a target video to be shared by a user by using sharing equipment; determining a corresponding target sharing object according to the target video; sharing the target video to the target sharing object. Compared with the prior art, the method and the equipment have the advantages that the target video to be shared by the user is acquired, the corresponding target sharing object is determined according to the target video, and the target video is shared to the target sharing object, so that the operation of the user is reduced, the target sharing user selection accuracy is improved, the video sharing and acquisition efficiency of the user is improved, and user experiences are improved.


Both postural maintenance and rhythm generation are keys to generating adaptive behavior in all animals. This is particularly evident in soft animals such as caterpillars, worm and flatworms that are capable of moving freely in all directions and adopting intricate postures. They can also exploit three-dimensional deformations and nonlinear structural properties to move in complex environments and to respond to external forces. These capabilities have inspired a new interest in using soft materials in robotic applications but highly deformable materials create significant design and control problems. In previous work the authors have developed a 3D-printed soft (3D-PS) robot, inspired by caterpillars, as a platform to investigate methods for controlling soft robots. The previous version of the robot is able to reproduce the different gait patterns (inching and crawling motion) of caterpillars by changing temporal difference in the rhythmic deformations of different body parts. In this paper, we have added posture control to the 3D-PS robot together with a steering capability. Experimental results show that although posture and steering are usually related, elastic and continuum properties of the soft body can produce more complex and versatile behaviors.


grams in the 1970s eroded political support for welfare while challenging the underlying logic of needs-based assistance. Workfare principles became firmly entrenched in the 1990s with the dismantling of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (or welfare) program and expansion of the EITC. Bertram shows that at each critical moment of reform, the real political battle lines were drawn between Democrats with opposing conceptions of public assistance, rather than between opposing political parties. While liberal Democrats emphasized a 'welfarist' conception of assistance based on need, conservative southern Democrats pushed forth a 'workfarist' conception of assistance tied to employment. Though Republicans were at times partners in this effort, the primary architects of workfare were congressional southern Democrats intent on maintaining the existing structure of the low-wage labor market in the South. 'Workfare was, in short,' the author argues, 'a Democratic project' (244). Bertram's decision to situate the political story of workfare's evolution amidst a backdrop of broader regional and national economic conditions adds to the depth of her analysis and extends the relevance of her findings to a broad audience. Drawing out the unique features of the southern economy provides context for understanding conservative Democrats' opposition to needs-based welfare programs as well as their support for work-oriented reform. Moreover, through her analysis of national economic trends and the changing structure of low-wage labor market, Bertram identifies the broader implications of the workfare state. Specifically, the author argues that a move away from stable and long-term jobs for low-wage workers is ultimately inconsistent with an antipoverty approach that conditions public assistance on work activity. In an economy characterized by contingent and short-term employment, assistance is denied precisely when it is needed most. Rather than offering families a path out of poverty, the workfare state ultimately traps the working poor in the low-wage labor market while failing to provide for those unable to find work. By expertly weaving political and economic stories into one, Bertram uncovers both the causes and consequences of the workfare state – findings that will be of interest to a broad range of scholars of the American welfare state.


That there is some form of interaction between respiration and heart rate (H.R.) is very old knowledge, but it was only in the third decade of this century that Heymans (1929), using his technique of the isolated head, studied this interaction, with particular reference to the respiratory arrhythmia. Sinus arrhythmia becomes very evident when the depth and frequency of respiration are increased as in recovery after exercise. Considering the possibility of sudden large changes in blood flow through the chest producing an alteration of the H.R., some respiratory manceuvres, designed to vary the blood flow through the intrathoracic pressure, have been worked through systematically. But the sudden variations in the H.R. could not have been readily studied on account of the difficulties involved in accurate recording. A new technique has, in fact, made it possible to demonstrate a delay of about 5 sec in the cessation and reappearance of sinus arrhythmia when the breath is held. Analysis of the results seems to show a causal relationship between some alterations in intrapulmonary pressure and changes in H.R. Explanation of the results seems to involve the arterial baroreceptors or, at any rate, the left side of the heart, as the site of origin of the stimulus, which appears to be change of blood flow. The same mechanism might be involved also during ordinary quiet respiration.


Areas of known metallic mineralization in Arizona, with recorded production, have been divided into 453 mineral districts, nearly 180 of which are known or suspected to be mid-Tertiary in age (Keith and others, 1983a,b). This report briefly describes the geology of mid-Tertiary mineral districts in Arizona that were considered by Keith and others (1983a,b) to be mid-Tertiary, and examines the basis of age determinations for each of them. This report is preliminary in nature, and Bureau-directed mapping and research continues in order to clarify the nature of mid-Tertiary metallogenesis. Table 1 consists of summaries, based largely upon a review of the published literature, of the geology of mid-Tertiary mineral districts of Arizona. Only mineral districts with greater than 100 tons recorded production are included in the compilation. Following each mineral district name is a list of the metals produced, in order of decreasing value at the time of production. A brief description of the geology of each mineral district is provided and succeeded by a discussion of the data constraining the age of each district. Many of the districts designated as mid-Tertiary by Keith and others (1983a,b) are thought by us to be older, but are included for completeness. The essential references for each mineral district are also provided. The references are cited by number and listed alphabetically and numerically at the end of this report. Keith and others (1983b) provide a comprehensive list of references for all metallic mineral districts in the Basin and Range Province of Arizona. Many of these references are of limited value; therefore, we list only those most useful in compiling the basic geologic and geochronologic information. Figure 1 is a map showing all the mineral districts in Arizona of presumed middle Tertiary age. We have included districts of problematic age on the figure for completeness. (88 pages)


This paper provided the geophysical model and the variability of physical character over the gob area by coal excavated caves' analysis.Through some examples,the geophysical model's validity was testified.And the combinations of the effective method about the gob areas' exploration were brought forward in the end.


Exploiting unlabeled text data with a relatively small labeled corpus has been an active and challenging research topic in text mining, due to the recent growth of the amount of biomedical literature. Biomedical named-entity recognition is an essential prerequisite task before effective text mining of biomedical literature can begin. This paper proposes an Active Co-Training (ACT) algorithm for biomedical named-entity recognition. ACT is a semi-supervised learning method in which two classifiers based on two different feature sets iteratively learn from informative examples that have been queried from the unlabeled data. We design a new classification problem to measure the informativeness of an example in unlabeled data. In this classification problem, the examples are classified based on a joint view of a feature set to be informative/non-informative to both classifiers. To form the training data for the classification problem, we adopt a query-by-committee method. Therefore, in the ACT, both classifiers are considered to be one committee, which is used on the labeled data to give the informativeness label to each example. The ACT method outperforms the traditional co-training algorithm in terms of f-measure as well as the number of training iterations performed to build a good classification model. The proposed method tends to efficiently exploit a large amount of unlabeled data by selecting a small number of examples having not only useful information but also a comprehensive pattern.


This paper outlines the electrical protection for the 4.16 kV and 480 V auxiliary power systems in a nuclear power plant. The paper describes the protection philosophy, selection of protective devices, and the bases of their coordination and settings.


Some real-time requirements cannot be met in the Ada language unless restrictions are impose d on the way the run-time system schedules tasks . There is a widespread misconception, even amon g people quite familiar with the language, that Ada's rules forbid a program to depend on the implementation of task scheduling . In fact, a program dependent on task scheduling does not violat e any language rules ; it simply is not portable . Like any other nonportable Aria program, a progra m dependent on task scheduling should not be written routinely, but it is appropriate in certain circumstances .


Provided is a functional layer manufacturing method having a step of irradiating a conductive particle containing layer with electromagnetic waves.  By having the step of radiating electromagnetic waves after directly or indirectly arranging the conductive particle containing layer on a conductive body, deterioration due to generation of cracks and carbonization and the like of a constituent material in an irradiation region based on abnormal electrical discharge brought by microwave irradiation is eliminated.  Furthermore, a conductive layer and an electronic device manufactured by such manufacturing method are also provided.


Wettability of PdCo and PdCo-Valloys on SiC was studied with the sessile drop method.The recently-developed PdCo-(4~20)V-4Ni-Si-B brazing foils were used for SiC joining,and the room-temperature three-point bend strengths of the SiC/SiC joints brazed at 1463 K and 1493 K for 10 min are 52.0 MPa and 6.8 MPa respectively.The micro-analysis results show that there exist the mixture of Pd2Si and CoSi(or Co2Si)+graphite at the interface close to the joined SiC in the joint,while the element V is rich only in the central part of the joint,that is,the phases of V2C are scattered there.


SUMMARY Forty-four consecutive patients withconcussion forwhomamedico-legal report had beenwritten werefollowed upfor3-4years after their accidents. Threecases werestill pending attheendofthestudy. Fifty-seven percentcomplained ofsymptoms whenthe medico-legal reports werewritten (meaninterval fromaccident 12-9months), 39%had symptomsatthetimeofsettlement (meaninterval 22-1months) and34% had symptoms oneyearlater. Whenthese results werecompared withageneral series fromthesamedepartment someyears earlier, itwasfoundthatthesymptoms atthetimeofwriting thereports werenotsignificantly different fromsymptoms at6weeksintheearlier series, butthe symptoms oneyearafter settlement werealmost two-and-a-half times greater thanthe symptoms at12monthsinthegeneral series. Noevidence could befoundtosuggest any organic basis forthehigher symptomrate inthelitigation series. Itissuggested that the litigation process itself isafactor inthepersistence ofsymptomsandthiseffect continues after legal settlement hasbeenreached. Early settlement ofthecases might significantly reduce morbidity.


Abstract : In terms of psychological, anxiety in pregnant women can affect the process of delivery and quality of babies to be born, so if not treated can cause various complications. The best way to overcome that problem is by watching normal birth videos and hypnobirthing techniques. The aim of this research is to know the difference of anxiety of trimester pregnant woman after watching normal delivery video and given hypnobirthing technique. This type of research is quasi experiment with nonequivalent time sample design method. The population used were all primigravida trimester III mothers as many as 30 respondents who divided as many as 15 respondents in Puskesmas Kandang and 15 respondents in working area of Padang Serai Public Health Center. Sampling technique in this study was taken in total sampling. Univariate analysis results obtained the average anxiety before and after watching the birth video is 31.87 and 15.73. The average anxiety before and after given hypnobirthing technique is 32,07 and 26,33. The result of bivariate analysis shows that p-value = 0,000 <0,05, meaning that there is a significant difference on the average anxiety of pregnant mother of trimester III after watching normal delivery video with hypnobirthing technique. Multivariate results obtained p-value> 0.05 means confounding factors in the form of age, education, and work does not affect the anxiety of pregnant women third trimester. It is expected that the puskesmas can work together with health agencies to be able to provide intervention in the form of watching the birth video in order to reduce the anxiety of primigravida mother in preparation for childbirth later.Keywords : Anxiety, Childbirth Video, Hypnobirthing Technique


Numerical Simulation of the two dimensional incompressible airflow in an asymmetric diffuser using one commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code are reported. The subject is to analyze the effect of diffuser angle on the reattachment point of air flow. Results are presented varying diffuser angle from 2 degree to 20 degree. The mathematical model equations (mass conservation and momentum) are solved using finite volume methods (FVM) and a pressure based approach. To get the grid independent, intensive refinement studies were carried out. Results obtained were compared to experimental data presenting a good agreement. The numerical results of this work show that as the diffuser angle elevates, the flow recirculation region also increases. When there are flow recirculation regions, the value of turbulent kinetic energy also increases. Hence, it is possible identify a need for improvement the design of diffuser or other alternatives to reduce the size of recirculation region, reducing the power necessary at the flow machine to realize the work at the diffuser.


Markers have been used over the years for the classification of plants. Markers are any trait of an organism that can be identified with confidence and relative easy, and can be followed in a mapping population on another hand markers be defined as heritable entities associated with the economically important trait under the control of polygenes. Morphological markers can be detected with naked eye (naked eye polymorphism) or as difference in physical or chemical properties of the macromolecules. In other words, there are two types of genetic markers viz. morphological markers or naked eye polymorphism and non-morphological markers or molecular markers. Morphological markers include traits such as plant height, disease response, photoperiod, sensitivity, shape or colour of flowers, fruits or seeds etc. Molecular markers include biochemical constituents. Morphological markers have many limitations for being used as markers particularly in fruit crops because of long generation time and large size of fruit trees besides being influenced by environment. Consequently, molecular markers could be appropriate choice to study and preserve the diversity in any germplasm. Molecular markers have diverse applications in fruit crop improvement, particularly in the areas of genetic diversity and varietal identification studies, gene tagging, disease diagnostics, pedigree analysis, hybrid detection, sex differentiation and marker assisted selection.


We present a novel framework for simulating time-varying decay effects for natural images. Conventional methods assume the input image includes enough decay information and uses the color or texture information of the decayed regions to transfer its effect to the non-decayed regions. Unlike these approaches, our framework generates diverse patterns of decay effects by leveraging a decay effects generator network without referencing the decay features of the input image, which allows us to handle more general images with non-decayed objects. Our decay generator network is formed by a style-based generative adversarial network with an arbitrary-sized stationary texture generation mechanism that allows us to synthesize various sizes of decay textures. This arbitrary-sized stationary texture generation is necessary to synthesize photo-realistic decay effects since the appropriate resolutions of the decay textures depend on those of the target objects. We construct a novel decay texture image dataset that contains various types of decay texture images, such as mossy and rust, to train the decay generator network. We show that our framework is able to synthesize diverse decay effects on various non-decayed objects without using additional decayed object images.


Abstract : Described is a set of algorithms for efficiently rendering a CSG- defined objective directly into a frame buffer without converting first to a boundary representation. The method requires only that the frame buffer contain sufficient memory to hold two color values, two z values, and three one-bit flags. The algorithm first converts the CSG tree to a normalized form that is analogous to the sum-of-products form for boolean switching functions. Expanding on results previously reported the authors, introduce 1) an improved algorithm for converting a CSG expression to sum-of-products form, 2) a technique for minimizing the tree using don't care conditions based on geometry, 3) the dynamic interleaving of the above two algorithms, allowing very efficient rendering for most CSG objects, 4) a method for extending the technique to non- convex primitives, and 5) an implementation of these ideas in an interactive CSG design system on Pixelplanes 4. In this system the designer directly manipulates the CSG structure while continuously viewing the color rendering of the object under design. It is believed these algorithms will attain similar speeds on many of the next generation high-performance graphics system that have frame buffers with many bits per pixel.


This book emerges in the era of continuous media transformation spurred by a variety of factors. According to its authors, this rapid transformation is glaringly witnessed in the public broadcasting sector services as the previously strong broadcasters are desperately attempting to negotiate their future. The negotiation exercise is then made within the context of fierce competition, resulting in massive audience fragmentation.


Spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking in the system of an atomic nucleus is discussed on the basis of nuclear chirality phenomenon. The mechanism of nuclear chirality i.e. existence of three aplanar angular momenta vectors seems to be applicable in other fields of physics, for example in classical physics as coupling of three gyroscopes. Here, possible application of spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking in the design of a digital logic is discussed as an interesting curiosity.


In this paper, we investigated the self-cleaning effects of biomimetic dry adhesives, which are made of e-beam photoresist and carbon nanotubes (CNT). Although the photoresist and the CNT are both intrinsically hydrophilic, superhydrophobic behavior was obtained when they were patterned or synthesized into nano-fibrils. The intrinsic hydrophilicity indicates that these materials possess sufficient surface energy for mimicking gecko foot-hairs as dry adhesives. The entrapped air between the nano-fibrils significantly decreases the contact area with small particles and enhanced the well-known lotus effects. Two methods are presented to facilitate this enforced hydrophobicity. First, nano-gaps on an e-beam photoresist surface are patterned with different contact area ratios. The experimental results show that it follows the theoretical prediction of hydrophobic behavior with the existence of nano-gaps. Second, carbon nanotubes are deposited with the assistance of water vapor on an oxidized silicon surface. Contact angle as large as 157 degree has been achieved on the oxide surface when the water vapor was optimized for the maximum density of CNT


INTRODUCTION TPS TYPE AND ATTACHMENT METHOD TEST PROGRAM REFURBISHMENT LABOR AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS SPACE SHUTTLE REFURBISHMENT CONCLUSIONS LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. 1


Introduction : Under the NSW ICS, the NSW Government has committed $180 million over six years to implementing innovative and locally led models of integrated care in NSW[1]. A challenge has been how best to approach the evaluation of these projects in order to capture learning and outcomes. The situation is confounded by the variation in care models and target populations observed across the demonstrator and innovator sites. Literature suggests that system level outcomes can take years to appear however there is a call for evidence on the impact integrated care investment has made to date. Methods : The study comprised all IC sites for which data was available – five in total (2960 patients). Using ANOVA and paired comparisons, we evaluated year-on-year differences in (1) the number of ED visits, and (2) length of stay for hospital admissions, for each patient, taking enrolment date as the point of reference and going back 4 years prior to that date. Year-on-year differences, as a self-referential metric for individual patients afford a more direct measure of efficacy in a heterogeneous cohort setting. It also results in a technically preferable Gaussian distribution as opposed to a Poisson distribution. To address the potential inferential complications arising from not having a control group, we devised a second study taking our inspiration from propensity matching, and capitalising on the opportunity created by the (quasi) step-wedge nature enrolment.  Patients who have been in the program for 10 months or over were classified as the "intervention group" and those who have been in for 3 months or less were classified as the "control group". A multiple linear regression was then performed with ICOD status and IC site as predictors. Results : In four of the five IC sites we studied, cohorts had an accelerating pattern of ED presentations for the four years prior to the IC program.  In each case this accelerating pattern came to a halt with IC. This result was validated by the second study for all four sites.  A multiple linear regression model for differential ED visits (against a pre-enrolment baseline) with intervention status and IC site as predictors confirmed IC intervention as a negative predictor for ED visits. As a rule, being in the intervention group meant a reduction in ED visits compared to the control group. For two of the four IC sites that showed a halt in ED presentations, similar analyses of unplanned overnight hospital admissions reveal year-on-year increases not only come to a halt but are reversed with intervention. Total length of stay is also reduced for these cohorts. Conclusion : The results provide evidence of early stage impact by the IC program in four of the five LHDs we evaluated. The study also illustrates a practical application of statistical learning methods capable of extracting evidence of early stage impact from a state-wide heterogeneous set of care models. References : 1- Available from: http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/integratedcare/Pages/default.aspx


This study undertook a comparative analysis of internally generated revenue (IGR) in Lagos and Edo State between the period 2011 and 2016. This was geared towards an efficient and effective IGR in Edo State. The progress recorded by Edo state government towards boosting the State IGR between 2005 and 2017 was also examined. Towards this end, a lucid descriptive analysis was carried out. Though the analysis showed that the total tax compliance indicators for Lagos State is high compared to that of Edo State, the amount generated as IGR in Edo State was far below what was generated by Lagos State government. It was also observed that there was improvement in the volume of Edo State IGR owing to the decisive steps taking by the government of the state in the period of investigation. Recommendations such as engagement of services of tax consultant and adoption of practices that will further enhance IGR in Edo State were put forward. Keywords: Analysis, State Viability, Revenue, Nigeria


Aiming at the problem of gear working state on identification and intelligent fault diagnosis,a method of gear intelligent fault diagnosis is proposed by means of the wavelet-support vector machine.According to the method,the energy of frequency bands after wavelet packet decomposition of the vibration signals in different working states is taken as the eigenvectors and also as training samples of SVM multi-fault classifier.The result of research on elevator gear shows that the fault diagnosis and identification technology,based on synthesizing the wavelet packet and support vector machine,shows their strong points.And it is an effective method of extracting mechanical fault characteristics and auto-identifying working states of equipment.


Liver diseases are characterized by bile duct damage requiring cholangiocyte growth to retain function. Substance P (SP)‐positive innervation surrounds the biliary tree. SP signals via the NK1 receptor (NK1R) with activation of cAMP, p38 and CREB. COX‐2 (a factor that promotes biliary growth) expression is increased during SP‐induced inflammation. Our AIM was to evaluate the role of SP in biliary growth during BDL.


The concept of representativeness is the main distinguishing characteristic of specialised corpora in comparison to other sets of texts. The Coruña Corpus of English Scientific Writing currently comprises four published subcorpora (astronomy, life sciences, history, and philosophy) plus three others under compilation (physics, chemistry and linguistics). In this paper we aim to assess the lexical density of the text samples in CETA, the Corpus of English Texts on Astronomy, by means of the ReCor tool, a posteriori. The study is motivated by the following question: does quantitative representativeness analysis using ReCor provide, in the form of a cross-check, further validation of previous research on the representativeness of CETA? Previous work (Crespo and Moskowich, 2010) has indicated that the CETA corpus is well designed and valid for the purposes for which it was intended. We will here suggest metrics to measure these findings. The most important contribution of this study is to offer quantitative data collection results using the ReCor tool, which allows data triangulation and consequently ensures overall data quality. Results show that data analysis with the ReCor tool supports previous findings, and thus we are able to verify that CETA is indeed representative of the language of its time and register.


Moisture transport, thermal insulation and their interaction influence both the comfort and protective properties of clothing systems. Depending on the environmental conditions and clothing design, wind and repetitive body movements can increase the transport of heat and moisture away from the body. Thus a thermal manikin designed to test clothing realistically, particularly under extreme conditions, should be able to sweat and perform such movements. SAM is a newly developed thermal manikin capable of simulating even heavy work conditions, with sweat rates of up to 4 litres per hour and human movements such as walking and climbing. The anatomicallyformed body is divided into 30 sectors, each heated separately with its own average surface-temperature sensor. In total 125 sweat outlets are distributed over the body surface, with which both vapour and liquid sweating can be simulated over all the body or just chosen parts. SAM is designed to operate at temperatures between –30 and 40°C, with relative humidities ranging from 30 to 95% and up to high wind speeds.


Resilience comprises anticipative, mitigative, adaptive, reactive, and transformative capacities. This paper pioneer an approach of measuring resilience using the Resilient Capacity Index (RCI) by considering all the dimensions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to give relevant weights to the different indicators. OLS and censored regression analysis were used to identify determinants of resilience. The findings indicated that HHs living in the same geographic locations have different levels of resilience. The average RCI for highland, midland and lowland were 0.14, 0.116 and 0.037, respectively, which indicates that HHs in the highland were relatively more resilient. In terms of the specific indicators, the lowland agro climate was better in anticipative, absorptive, and reactive capacities, while those in the highland and midland locations were better in their capacities to mitigate, adapt and transform. Similarly the result indicated that wealth, literacy level, saving behavior, and access to traditional early warning were determinants of resilience in the lowland. Vegetation cover, farm conservation, access to irrigation, and access to credit were determinants of resilience in the highlands, while types of land owned, access to conventional early warning, and access to disaster risk reduction/climate change adaptation (DRR/CCA) learning were important across all climatic zones. This paper is the product of the Vice-Presidency for Economic Governance and Knowledge Management. It is part of a larger effort by the African Development Bank to promote knowledge and learning, share ideas, provide open access to its research, and make a contribution to development policy. The papers featured in the Working Paper Series (WPS) are those considered to have a bearing on the mission of AfDB, its strategic objectives of Inclusive and Green Growth, and its High-5 priority areas—to Power Africa, Feed Africa, Industrialize Africa, Integrate Africa and Improve Living Conditions of Africans. The authors may be contacted at email@example.com. Rights and Permissions All rights reserved. The text and data in this publication may be reproduced as long as the source is cited. Reproduction for commercial purposes is forbidden. The WPS disseminates the findings of work in progress, preliminary research results, and development experience and lessons, to encourage the exchange of ideas and innovative thinking among researchers, development practitioners, policy makers, and donors. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the Bank's WPS are entirely those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the view of the African Development Bank Group, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent. Working Papers are available online at https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/publications/working-paper-series/ Produced by Macroeconomics Policy, Forecasting, and Research Department Coordinator Adeleke O. Salami Correct citation: Boka, G.T. (2017), Measuring Resilience to Climate Change in Ethiopia, Working Paper Series N° 268, African Development Bank, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.


Prenatal osteological development was compared in three species of desert rodents. From 241 fetuses, a series of specimens stained with alizarin red s. was made for each species representing four arbitrary stages of development. Twelve indices were calculated from 14 measurements made on each embryo to determine rates of embryonic growth. Ossification occurs craniocaudally in each species. The pelvic girdle and hind limb in Perognathus intermedius develop slowly, suggesting extensive postnatal ossification. Isometric growth is characteristic of Peromyscus eremicus , whereas there is strong allometric bone formation in Dipodomys merriami , particularly in the mastoidal region of the skull and in the tibia and metatarsal elements of the hind limb. Selective pressures have apparently favored an early development of the specialized auditory system and saltatorial locomotion in a young kangaroo rat.


Abstract. Computer-generated holography (CGH) is a technique to generate holographic interference patterns. One of the major issues related to computer hologram generation is the massive computational power required. Hardware accelerators are used to accelerate this process. Previous publications targeting hardware platforms lack performance comparisons between different architectures and do not provide enough information for the evaluation of the suitability of recent hardware platforms for CGH algorithms. We aim to address these limitations and present a comprehensive review of CGH-related hardware implementations.


Over-activation of the fibrinolytic system may result in proteolytic destruction of fibrinogen. However, the effect of the degradation products formed during fibrinogenolysis on fibrinolytic process and plasminogen/plasmin properties remains unclear. To investigate this effect and its mechanism, the ability of fibrinogen fragments E and D to act on plasminogen and tPA binding, proenzyme activation, fibrin clot lysis and plasmin inhibition by plasma α2-antiplasmin, were studied. It was found that early product fragment EE binds to plasminogen and tissue-type plasminogen activator and enhances plasminogen conversion into plasmin. C-terminal lysine residues of all 3 chains pair and 16 or 23 amino acid residues of Aαchain are essential for this process. C-terminal lysines of fragment E Aαand γ-chains and lysine-binding site of tPA kringle 2 are responsible for the interaction between these proteins. Binding of fragment E to plasminogen is provided by N-terminal Aα1–19 and C-terminal Bβ120–122 regions. Late plasmic fibrinogen degradation product fragment EL loses the ability to potentiate plasmin generation but can bind proenzyme and its activator. Fragment D has no binding properties towards plasminogen and tPA. None of fibrinogen fragments protects plasmin from α2-antiplasmin inhibition. It is concluded that at over-activation of the fibrinolytic system and subsequent fibrinogenolysis, the products of fibrinogen degradation, can bind plasminogen and tPA and potentiate generation of plasmin, which will be neutralized under the normal level of the


The lattice parameters of quartz depend on the crystal quality and influence the accuracy of the X-ray orientation determination of resonators. Therefore, they should be known better than 20 ppm. Using the /spl Omega/-scan method, the lattice parameters can be determined together with the orientation, measuring at least two additional reflections. Preliminary measurements on SC-cut quartz blanks were performed with standard deviations of the lattice parameters of /spl les/6 ppm in a measuring time of about 3 min. The evaluation of the peak position must consider its systematic error. The total error is estimated to be <10 ppm. The measuring procedure can also be applied to IT-cut, FC-cut and AT-cut quartz blanks and, moreover, to any single crystal.


In this paper, time-domain Calderon identities will be constructed. These identities will be used in constructing a time-domain Calderon preconditioned electric field integral equation (CP-EFIE) which can be proven to be well behaved in the regime of dense discretizations. It will be explained how this modified electric field integral equation can be accurately discretized. Numerical results will be presented that compare the performance of the proposed equation and that of the classical TD-EFIE, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.


Fluorescence from single emitters, such as DiDye molecules and CdSe quantum dots, is studied extensively using confocal microscopy and Hanbury-BrownTwiss setup. Characteristic blinking and bleaching are observed dynamically. Fluorescence lifetimes of the two single photon emitters in various hosts are measured. For the first time, photon anti-bunching is observed from CdSe quantum dots in cholesteric liquid crystal host.


Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) provide a means of studying low temperature anelastic relaxations of crystal defects produced by irradiation. Due to their confinement near the surface where radiation induced defect concentrations are highest. SAW are more sensitive than bulk ultrasonic waves in these investigations. Furthermore, for piezoelectric materials, the use of photolithographically deposited interdigital SAW transducers eliminates the ubiquitous ultrasonic bond problem faced in bulk wave experiments, facilitating annealing studies. Results are reported for 2.5 MeV electron irradiated GaAs. Two peaks in attenuation versus temperature were observed both with SAW and with bulk waves.


From the early 1820s through the mid-1850s, a dress reform movement to emancipate women from tight-lacing and corsets became prominent. Living in the prevailing gender hierarchy, male reformers and female authors took different approaches to express their arguments and participate in the public discourse. Although women's clothing may have started as the instrument of misogynistic fetish, it has also become a medium to advocate women's agency when women take control. Society's expectation on how female members should appear remains prevalent in modern days.


A study was conducted to determine the effect of amino acid sequence on the rate of formation of pyroglutamate (pyrrolidone carboxylate) residues from amino-terminal glutaminyl residues in peptides. The extent of cyclization from H-Gln-X-OCH2-resin was determined by a quantitative reaction, and found to be quite pronounced with X being Asn, Leu and Gly. The peptide-resin with Leu was used to examine the influence of various reagents on the rate of pyroglutamate formation.


We have examined the subcellular distribution of as/ the a subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs, by using immunofluorescence microscopy. In transiently transfected HEK293 cells, wild-type as localizes to the plasma membrane. However, a mutationally activated as (asR201C) is diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Similarly, cholera toxin activation of as causes it to redistribute from the plasma membrane to cytoplasm in stably transfected cells. In HEK293 cells stably transfected with as and the /32-adrenergic receptor (,3-AR), stimulation of the }3-AR by the agonist isoproterenol also causes a translocation of as from the plasma membrane to cytoplasm. Replacing the agonist with antagonist allows a. to return to the plasma membrane, demonstrating the reversibility of as translocation. Receptor-activated as does not colocalize with internalized ,3-AR at endosomes. Incubation of cells in hypertonic sucrose to inhibit clathrin-coated pit-mediated endocytosis of agonist-activated (3-AR failed to block agonist-stim-ulated redistribution of as. These findings demonstrate that activated as reversibly undergoes a translocation from the plasma membrane to cytoplasm and begin to address the relationship between regulated trafficking of a seven-transmembrane receptor and its cognate G protein.


Abstract Background: Given the general unavailability, common adverse effects, and complicated administration of tetracycline, the clinical application of classic bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) is greatly limited. Whether minocycline can replace tetracycline for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication is unknown. We aimed to compare the eradication rate, safety, and compliance between minocycline- and tetracycline-containing BQT as first-line regimens. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 434 naïve patients with H. pylori infection. The participants were randomly assigned to 14-day minocycline-containing BQT group (bismuth potassium citrate 110 mg q.i.d., esomeprazole 20 mg b.i.d., metronidazole 400 mg q.i.d., and minocycline 100 mg b.i.d.) and tetracycline-containing BQT group (bismuth potassium citrate/esomeprazole/metronidazole with doses same as above and tetracycline 500 mg q.i.d.). Safety and compliance were assessed within 3 days after eradication. Urea breath test was performed at 4–8 weeks after eradication to evaluate outcome. We used a noninferiority test to compare the eradication rates of the two groups. The intergroup differences were evaluated using Pearson chi-squared or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and Student's t-test for continuous variables. Results: As for the eradication rates of minocycline- and tetracycline-containing BQT, the results of both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses showed that the difference rate of lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI) was >-10.0% (ITT analysis: 181/217 [83.4%] vs. 180/217 [82.9%], with a rate difference of 0.5% [-6.9% to 7.9%]; PP analysis: 177/193 [91.7%] vs. 176/191 [92.1%], with a rate difference of -0.4% [-5.6% to 6.4%]). Except for dizziness more common (35/215 [16.3%] vs. 13/214 [6.1%], P = 0.001) in minocycline-containing therapy groups, the incidences of adverse events (75/215 [34.9%] vs. 88/214 [41.1%]) and compliance (195/215 [90.7%] vs. 192/214 [89.7%]) were similar between the two groups. Conclusion: The eradication efficacy of minocycline-containing BQT was noninferior to tetracycline-containing BQT as first-line regimen for H. pylori eradication with similar safety and compliance. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR 1900023646.


The Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry (IGP) is participating in the Cartosat-1 evaluation program, a common initiative of ISRO (India) and ISPRS. Within this program various test sites with reference data have been established and Cartosat-1 images have been acquired over these sites. Here, we will report about our investigations at the Rome and Mausanne test sites. First, we report on radiometric problems encountered with the images and preprocessing for their improvement. These include artefacts, unfocussing in the forward channel and scale differences to aft, jitter at horizontal edges, interlacing errors and pattern noise. We show examples and also preprocessing methods that can be employed in order to improve image quality, with aim especially to automatically generate a DSM with less blunders (due to noise and artefacts) and more match points. Then, we report on sensor modelling and the 3D point positioning accuracy that can be achieved, as well as various problems encountered with the Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPCs). The orientation results were produced using various options regarding image preprocessing, sensor model, number and distribution of GCPs and GCP image mensuration methods. The best results led to a planimetric and height accuracy (RMSE) of about 1.3 m. The absolute geolocation accuracy varies greatly from dataset to dataset and can be worse than a few thousand meters, making Cartosat-1 unsuitable for generation of global mapping products without use of GCPs. Finally, we present the results of automatic DSM generation using our own Sat-PP program package. Various DSMs were generated with 10m grid spacing. The results were checked both visually and were compared using the provided reference data. In the best case, the achieved accuracy is about 2.7 m without any manual editing and in spite of 3-year difference between matching and reference DSM. In spite of several aspects that could and should be improved, Cartosat-1 is a useful sensor for mapping and especially generation of DSMs. * Corresponding author.


Wireless communications are an integral part of modern life. Each next generation of wireless networks strives to increase the speed of transmission and reception of information flow, the introduction of new technologies, change of bandwidth and increased requirements for Quality of Services (QоS). Mobility management is a priority issue in today's mobile networks. The challenge for all networks is data transmission to be carried out without loss. The report describes the method of signal transfer – Handoff (HO) in different generations of networks. Horizontal Handoff (VHO) and Vertical Handoff (VHO) were considered. The rapidly growing number of mobile devices, the avalanche of data transmission and services require the development of a new generation of heterogeneous networks (5G), integrating 3G, heterogeneous 4G wireless, Wi-Fi and other technologies. The report presents the challenge facing humanity called Global Sixth Generation Networks.


We present the preliminary results of a Tunisian-Italian project of scientific collaboration in the field of environmental studies and prehistoric and anthropological research in southern Tunisia ruled by an interdisciplinary approach that includes geo-archeology, geochronology, geochemistry, palynology, paleoanthropology and population genetics. The research area is south of the Chott el Jerid and its surroundings, where the major physiographic feature is a large playa which contained one of the mega lakes that existed in the Sahara during wet periods in the late Quaternary. The region is a pivotal area between the Mediterranean and the Sahara, then favorable to study the cultural diffusion and humans displacements through different periods and environments.


According to the statistical data of the age structure and education structure of Chinese netizen, this paper points out that the main group using the Internet in China is university student, analyzes the negative influence of the network on the valuea of university students, and based on this, puts forward some countermeasures for preventing the network moral degradation of university students.


The daily variations of hourly median 1046-mc transmission loss, recorded over a 370-kra propagation path, are found to be correlated with a new meteorological parameter that combines the thermodynamic stability of the atmosphere and the "useful gradient" of the radio refractive index. The thermodynamic stability is evaluated from the area contained between the observed temperature distribution with height and the pseudo-adiabatic temperature lapse, while the useful gradient of the refractive index is derived from ray tracing considerations, and is weighted towards the initial gradient.


Microbiology students on a BTEC HND Applied Biology course worked in groups to design posters conveying information on diseases to travellers. Posters were displayed In the City Travel Clinic, where patients contributed to the assessment of the project.