Abstract: In the 1970, because of the crisis that was established in the health sector, initiated the discussions that focused on primary care, the basic point to improving levels of health, under the discourse of the actors of the Sanitary Reform Movement. Objective: To analyze the output on Preventive Medicine published in the Annals of the Brazilian Nursing, period 1977-1980. Methods: The social-historical, based on documentary analysis and thematic. Used as theoretical concepts of Sergio Arouca and Maria Cecilia Puntel de Almeida. Corpus documental: Annals of the Brazilian Nursing (1977-1980). Results and Discussion: The ideal of preventive medicine embodied in nursing scientific production showed a need for reorientation of its practices and actions in primary health care. Conclusion: Nursing who entered the 1980's saw the emergence of its members as political subjects, engaged in the fight for health reform and committed to the social field.


IJRING the past few years the clinical and D pathological findings have been reviewed i n some 250 cases of cervical cancer treated by radical 3 ,59T A Wertheim hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed when the disease was found at operation to be limited to the cervix or to the immediately adjacent tissue, that is, according to the international classification of the stages of carcinoma of the uterine cervix, in clinical stages I and IIa. When the cancer was more extensive, i.e., in clinical stages IIb, 111, and


AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of clinical treatment of C-shaped canal system in mandibular molars using a dental operating microscope(DOM).METHODS: Seventy-nine C-shaped mandibular molars were selected.The main canals of C-shaped canal system were instrumented by Ni-Ti instruments while the isthmus was by ultrasonic and K files under the DOM.All cases were obturated by vertical compaction technique.The types of C-shaped canal and in-operative complications were recorded.The effectiveness was evaluated by three radiographs per-case.RESULTS: C2 type canals were more common than C1 type.The mesiolingual canals of C2 and C3 types were easily overobturated.There were no obvious complications during operation.Six months later,91.3% C-shaped molars of patients who returned were proved successfully treated.CONCLUSION: It is difficult to treat C1 and C2 molar because of its C-shaped canal.The endodontic treatment with the use of DOM can make the therapy more successful.


In many ways, 2022 was a momentous year. As we slowly emerged from the global COVID-19 pandemic, people the world over began rethinking institutions. From issues of policing, governance, territorial sovereignty, public health and, of course, mental health, the austere institutions that guarantee sociality, and which, until recently, have been understood as rigid and inert, have been called into question. The year also marked the 30th anniversary of Felix Guattari's death. Guattari's life and work constantly challenged and reinvented institutions. As a militant philosopher, psychotherapist and activist, he tirelessly sought to transform alienating institutions in order to collectively disalienate them, creating the maximum potential for freedom for the individuals who inhabit and transverse institutional arrangements. It is for this reason that there is an urgent need to revisit Guattari's work of institutional analysis.


Communication systems in the free band beyond 300 GHz are of interest for short distance communication. To assess the feasibility of such a communication system, a realistic link budget analysis is needed. Such link budget analyses have been conducted before based on TDS (optical) measurements and theoretical loss models. For this work, we present a more realistic link budget analysis based on the measurement of transmission losses using all electronic Tx-Rx system, operating from 325 to 500 GHz. It is well known that most losses in a THz communication are in free-space propagation channel between the transmitter and receiver. It is therefore essential to more accurately characterize these losses. To do so, we used a VDI Tx/Rx frequency extender system operating at 325 - 500 GHz generated from vector network analyzer. Using such a system, we characterized total link losses including combined effect of absorption losses, free-space losses, antennas losses and misalignment losses. A log linear model for the propagation was then constructed using linear regression analysis. Using the link characterization from these measurements, a communication link using commercially available WR-2.8 mixer and WR-5.1 frequency tripler devices (VDI) was simulated at 350 GHz in AWR-VSS/MATLAB. We conclude that, achievable data-rate of 20 Mbps is possible at a transmission distance of 8.5 m. However, data-rates upto 1 Gbps are possible using the dielectric lenses with the Tx and Rx antennas. Our estimates demonstrated that previously predicted link budgets are optimistic for an all-electronic system (using currently available components). Also, to maintain multi-Gbit link, high gain antenna structures would likely be required. At the conference, we will present the required antenna gains for longer link distances. This study will also explore various possible antenna choices to enhance antenna gains for such applications.


In order to clarify the water treeing, the authors conducted a series of experiments on three types of specimen, namely, sheet samples, wires and cables.


Mass number, atomic number, energy, and angular distributions have been measured for the projectile-like fragments from the damped reaction /sup 238/U+/sup 48/Ca at E/sub lab/ = 425 MeV. Correlations in the measured two-dimensional probability distribution P(A,Z) are discussed along with the general dissipative features of the damped reaction mechanism. The first and second moments of the observed atomic and mass number distributions are compared with those of other asymmetric reaction systems. Although the /sup 238/U+/sup 48/Ca system is highly asymmetric, its potential energy surface in the vicinity of the injection point has a nearly zero gradient resulting in a negligible drift in the proton number. The proton drifts observed in reactions of /sup 238/U with five different projectiles vary systematically with the potential gradient. The mass and charge data are compared with quantitative predictions by a dynamical reaction model based on nucleon exchange. The theoretical model gives a reasonable account of the mass and charge distributions for the /sup 238/U+/sup 48/Ca reaction but fails systematically to predict experimental drifts when the driving forces are large.


Interpreters of Jer 21,1-10 have always been aware of its references to the latter part of the Book of Jeremiah, esp. chapters 34, 37 and 38. Even more revealing, however, are its connections to the preceding chapters of Jer 11-20.


for an Invited Paper for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Evolutionary adaptation of phenotypic plasticity in a synthetic microbial system SANDER TANS, AMOLF institute While phenotypic plasticity -the capability to respond to the environmentis vital to organisms, tests of its adaptation have remained indecisive because constraints and selection in variable environments are unknown and entangled. We show that one can determine the phenotype-fitness landscape that specifies selection on plasticity, by uncoupling the environmental cue and stress in a genetically engineered microbial system. Evolutionary trajectories revealed genetic constraints in a regulatory protein, which imposed cross-environment trade-offs that favored specialization. However, depending on the synchronicity and amplitude of the applied cue and stress variations, adaptation could break constraints, resolve trade-offs, and evolve optimal phenotypes that exhibit qualitatively altered (inverse) responses to the cue. Our results provide a first step to explain the adaptive origins of complex behavior in heterogeneous environments.


Based on extensive data from the first National Fertility Study a report of the practice of contraception and success of fertility planning among urban blacks in the U.S. in 1965 is presented. For comparative purposes data are included for blacks and whites in 4 residential categories: large cities suburbs smaller cities and rural areas. Indices of contraceptive practice included whether contraception was ever used the proportion of couples at risk of conception who were currently not using contraception types of current exposure of risk of conception contraceptive method most recently used and extent of use of newer methods. Influences of education region and income were considered. Blacks and whites in large cities had used contraception to these extent; but in totality the proportion of black couples using no contraceptive was greater for all age groups and communities. Urban blacks had a lower incidence of subfecundity and were less likely to be fecund contraceptive nonusers than other blacks. The pill was the most popular method used for almost every race-residence category. Amount of knowledge of the ovulatory cycle was found dependent on level of education; 1/4 of urban blacks compared to 1/2 of urban whites were correctly informed. Blacks were found less successful than whites in preventing excess fertility.


David Healy raises intriguing questions regarding the rapid increase in bipolar diagnoses and the use of "mood stabilizing" medications [ 1]. Although this phenomenon is multifactorial, surely consumer advertising has played a role.


Hyperspectral images have been widely used for target detection. In general, target signatures should be known a priori for filter-based detection methods. However, the uncertainty of target signatures caused by the influence of atmospheric interference or other random noise degrades the detection performance. Therefore, developing a robust detection method is crucial in hyperspectral image analysis. In this study, a linearly constrained signal subspace projection approach for target detection is proposed. Instead of using a single constraint on target detection, an optimal filter with multiple constraints is designed using signal subspace projection (SSP). The SSP approach fully exploits the orthogonal property of two orthogonal subspaces; one denotes a signal subspace that contains desired targets and undesired interference, and the other denotes a noise subspace, which is orthogonal to signal subspace. By projecting the weights of the detection filter on the signal subspace, the proposed SSP reduces estimation errors in target signatures and alleviates the performance degradation caused by the uncertainty of target signatures. The SSP approach can detect desired targets, suppress undesired targets, and minimize interference effects. In this paper, three methods are provided for selecting multiple constraints of the desired target: K-means, principal eigenvectors, and endmember extraction techniques. The simulation results show that the proposed SSP with multiple constraints on the desired target selected using K-means has superior detection performance. Furthermore Furthermore, the proposed SSP with multiple constraints is less sensitive to the uncertainty of target signatures.


The invention provides an axial flow type oil smoke ventilator which comprises a curved tube axial-flow oil smoke blower fan, a frame and an externally connected exhaust duct, wherein the curved tube axial-flow oil smoke blower fan comprises a bent pipeline, a fan motor arranged in the bent pipeline and a fan body arranged on a fan motor shaft, the fan motor is fixed in the bent pipeline through a fan motor support, the curved tube axial-flow oil smoke blower fan is mounted on the frame, and an air inlet is vertical and adown. The invention has the following beneficial effects: a brand new middle and high-grade axial flow type oil smoke ventilator can be constructed according to the invention; the axial flow type oil smoke ventilator has all the advantages of an axial-flow blower fan, e.g., great draft induction capacity and a simple structure; an ideal exhausting rate can be obtained by using a small-power motor; ceiling installation can be realized; ascending hot air during cooking can be fully utilized; a substantial energy saving effect is obtained, and manufacturing cost is substantially reduced; and a novel technical product with strong competitiveness is presented on middle and high-grade oil smoke ventilator market, and product types of middle and high-grade oil smoke ventilators are enriched.


The application situation of carbon series nano-materials which include nano diamond and carbon nano tube(CNTs) were discoursed in modified adhesive,the dispersal method of nano-materials were introduced in adhesive,the relationship between nano-materials and adhesive performance was discussed,and the develop-ment prospect of nano-lime pyrolignite technology in modified adhesive was prospected.


Cordierite is a common metamorphic mineral, which entraps volatiles such as CO 2 , H 2 O in its channel, consisting of six-membered rings of (Al, Si) O 4 . Carbon dioxide is orientated linearly along the a-axis in cordierite channel, and therefore the peak intensity of CO 2 at 1383cm -1 obtained from Raman spectroscopy varies considerably depending on the crystal orientation of cordierite. Kaindl et al. (2006) has shown that the Raman spectral intensity of CO 2 band in crystallographically oriented cordierite grains can be used to estimate the CO 2 contents. These previous studies suggested the importance of applying a correction on the effect of crystal orientation for the determination of intrinsic contents of CO 2 in randomly oriented cordierite crystals. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between Raman spectral patterns and crystal orientation of cordierite, and to construct a new method for the determination of CO 2 content in cordierite using Raman spectroscopy. For the identification of crystal orientation of cordierite, euhedral cordierite crystals, from the volcanic ash deposit in the Takiga swamp, Gunma Prefecture, Japan were used to prepare crystallographically oriented thin sections, and examined in detail using micro-Raman spectroscopy. In addition, to examine the effect of crystal orientation to the intensity of CO 2 for its determination, two cordierite samples were analyzed. One is cordierite crystal from a pelitic cordierite-bearing from gneisses in the Kerala Khondalite Belt (KKB), southern India, and the other is a standard cordierite with known CO 2 contents (SH). Since Raman spectral intensity also depends on polarization of the incident laser, Raman spectra were obtained by rotating the sample at an interval of 10°. in thin sections. European Journal of


Abstract In the present paper the Freedericksz transition in a superthin (∼07middot;2 μm), homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer between two identical boundary surfaces (solid walls) in the vicinity of the second order nematic-smectic A phase transition is considered. It is shown that the interference between the boundary surface-induced smectic density waves results in oscillation of the Freedericksz critical field as a function of nematic layer thickness, and the period of oscillation is equal to the molecular length I.


Denis Edwards relies heavily on Karl Rahner's conception of the Trinity in his own construction of an ecological Trinitarian theology. However, he breaks from Rahner in the specific roles of each person of the Trinity. For Edwards, the Spirit is the immanent presence of God, while the Son is the exemplar for the unique identity of each creature. Conversely, for Rahner, the Son is categorical revelation and the Spirit is transcendental revelation. Thus, Rahner's thought allows for an immanent Christ in a way that Edwards does not. Edwards' ecological theology is weakened by this shift. By removing the imminent presence of Christ, he weakens the ability of the Trinitarian God to communicate about the here and now of creation.


The permanent-magnet synchronous traction motor is compared with asynchronous one from technical aspect.The general situation in developing gearless driving and fully-enclosed permanent-magnet motors is discussed and the development prospect and key problems in application of permanent-magnet synchronous motor to railway traction are pointed out.


Introduction. After leaving the Bologna system, the Russian education system faced many new challenges. Most of them are associated with the carelessness of developing new, relatively autonomous algorithms for the transformation of the Russian educational system.Purpose setting. The article considers a set of factors determining the creation of such algorithms.Methodology and methods of the study. The methodology of the analysis of such algorithms is based on a predictive analysis of the prospects for the development of the Russian educational space, presented by Russian and foreign trendwatchers. The models of the future world economy focused on the processes of transformation of the education system. The object of research is limited to the sphere of higher professional education. The object of research is limited to the sphere of higher professional education.Results. Usually global education is explicated as «filling» national education systems with global knowledge, meanings and values. By and large, the latter were the methodological foundations of liberal models, similar to the models of R. Henvey and M. Botkin. The world as a whole, humanity as a global community, humanism, holism made up the qualitative features of liberal education in its global discourse. But the withdrawal from the Bologna system, the change in the economic and socio-political situation raised the question of forming a new view on the problems of globalization of education for Russian regulators. The output itself can be viewed in two ways. On the one hand, as an unsuccessful finale of the integration of the Russian educational space into the European (and in parallel into the world) educational space. On the other hand, as the beginning of the creation of an updated (new) nationally oriented education system. Education is a platform for the development of the country»s human and social capital. It has a polymorphic structure and its development is determined by a multiple set of external and internal factors. The main external factors are associated with the beginning of the formation of a new world economic order, and internal ones with the willingness of the country, the state and the people to «accept» it as reality and function in this reality.Conclusions. Analysis of such conditions shows that by leaving the Bologna system, Russia emphasizes two vectors of development of its education system: «distrust» of the Anglo-Saxon and Humboldtian models of the organization of educational space and the need to develop a new architecture of its own, national (different from global variants) type of such space. As main goal of such space is proclaimed the creation of nationally oriented technological, cognitive and educational sovereignties.


The electricity distribution service in Buenos Aires – Argentina – was privatised in the early nineties. This service is provided by three different Utilities and the control is carried out by a Regulatory Agency (ENRE). The IITREE of La Plata University provides technical assistance to the Regulatory Agency. Since the beginning of the privatisation, extensive Monitoring Programs regarding Power Quality have been carried out. The control of harmonics and flicker, which is detailed in [1] and [2], began in 1997. For this reason, a decade of permanent control has been achieved so far. The three Utilities – called A, B and C in the present paper – perform 45 weekly measurements per month. Therefore, several thousands of measurements have been collected. By the time this control began, the existing limits in IEC standards for both harmonics and flicker were adopted in order to obtain a starting point for the local regulation. In addition, the equipment employed to perform the measurements also meets IEC standards [3] [4]. In every site in which the limits established for harmonics and flicker in voltage quality are exceeded, the Utility is penalised. The fine, applied only to this site, continues until a new measurement proves that the problem has been solved. The aim of the article is to show the results obtained over the first 10 years of control. The carried out studies mainly consisted of processing the data gathered during the whole decade with the purpose of obtaining: disturbance trends over the years, comparisons of the levels measured in different Utilities as well as disturbance behaviours throughout the day. In addition to this, the degree of fulfilment achieved by the Utilities was also assessed. In the next sections the results obtained in the control of both types of disturbances are presented. INTRODUCTION The control of harmonics requires measuring the THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) and all the individual harmonics up to the 40, as well. However, only the THD was used to assess harmonic behaviour in several analyses carried out in the present article. Regarding flicker control, the Pst (Short-term Flicker Severity) is employed. In all the studies carried out in the article concerning flicker phenomenon, the Pst parameter was used. Each normalised weekly measurement consists of 1008 10minute intervals. To represent each measurement, either the mean value or the Percentile 95 (P95) of all the 10-min intervals was employed. This P95 represents that value exceeded by only 5 % of all the 10-min intervals. This parameter is widely used in Argentinian regulations since it is the one to be compared to the established limits in order to determine whether a measurement is penalised or not. Recent reports such as [5] of CIGRE recommend using either P95 or P99 for each site in order to characterise the system. Since the P99 is not normally employed in Argentina, such a parameter was not used in this paper. Naturally, it would also be possible to represent the analysed data by the P99 parameter. The normalised equipment is normally installed at the secondary of MV/LV transformers. These points are not randomly chosen but are selected from the results obtained through a previous, massive survey that leads to localise those sites of the network which are more likely to have high levels of disturbances. This previous survey is carried out by using a large number of low-cost disturbance recorders that only provide the THD and a parameter similar to the Pst. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LEVELS RECORDED IN THE THREE UTILITIES In Figure 1 a comparison of the THD levels recorded in the three Utilities is shown. The values were represented by both the average value and the P95 of all the weekly averages.


The increasing abundance of glycerol, its renewability, and attractive pricing make it an appealing platform chemical. Glycerol can be utilized in various ways of biological transformation to industrially valuable products. There are some important derivatives among these such as 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde ((3-HPA) commercial name: reuterin), dihydroxyacetone (DHA), and 1,3-propanediol (PDO). PDO has the largest potential need. Several bacteria are able to ferment glycerol to PDO under anaerobic conditions. A new recombinant technology was worked out with the leadership of DuPont and Genecor in the last decade, in which a recombinant Escherichia coli converts glucose directly to PDO. Microbiological production of a molecule has always lower yield than an enzymatic method and usually produces a lot of by-products that can be avoided using enzymatic bioconversion. For years we have been working on a new enzymatic process in order to produce PDO and DHA simultaneously from glycerol. For this enzymatic way three key enzymes are needed: Glycerol-dehydratase (GDHt), 1,3-propanediol-oxydoreductase (PDOR), glycerol-dehydrogenase (GDH). These enzymes must be produced by microbial fermentation. We would like to present the results of developing the fermentation media in economic aspect. Our pleriminary results (not publicated) indicated that the 2xYT medium is perfect for our Clostridium strain. However in economic aspect the concentrations of yeast extract and bactotryptone are too high to scale-up this fermentation procedure. The first purpose of this study was to optimize the fermentation media. Optimized media concentrations are yeast extract, 6 g∙l-1 and bactotryptone, 2 g∙l-1 (instead of 10 and 16 g∙l-1 respectively). The other aim of our work was to develop immobilized enzymes suitable for glycerol to propanediol bioconversion and develop a method to measure the immobilized enzymes activity. We tried a covalent method applying chitosan matrix activated with glutaraldehyde. Chitosan – a natural polyaminosaccharide obtained from chitin – was chosen as support material to bind the three key enzymes from the crude enzyme solution. We could detect that PDOR and GDH enzyme bind to chitosan beads. Immobilized enzymes activity was higher than of the soluble enzymes.


The present paper is concerned with pH measurement under a disbonded coating on steel, pH was monitored at different locations down the crevice using an optical fibre chemical sensor.A physical model was developed to understand the chemical and electrochemical conditions that are created within the crevice beneath a disbonded coating. The physical model used a polyethylene film covering a crevice of controlled thickness, and exposed to a gas of controlled Composition (air with 1%CO 2) on the exterior of the film. The crevice was filled with a simulated ground water and pH measurement was carried out at a controlled potential at the mouth of the crevice of -900 mV (SCE). The gas permeability of the coating played an important role in controlling the conditions at the end of the crevice, as the gas transport through the coating creates a more alkaline solution inside the crevice, the generation of hydroxyl ions due to the oxygen reduction reaction increasing the pH.


Algorithmization of dynamic model of running mover of running dredge at its moving, the basic schemes and the formulas used at algorithmization of dynamic model are resulted.


Objective To observe the affection of hemicrania with daidzein and discuss its curative effect.Methods The therapy group was treated with 0.5 g daidzein and 5% glucose injection per day.The control group was treated with dextran-40 fro 20 day as a course.The episode frequency,lasting time,headache index were monitored before and after therapy and compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference between two groups in age,sex and characteristics of headache.There was comparable within group.Conclusion The daidzein injection might have better curative effect to treat hemicrania.


Simple Summary Gastric well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (g-NETs) occur in 5–15% of cases of neuroendocrine neoplasms in the gastrointestinal tract, and they mostly present quite indolent biological behavior. Furthermore, among the g-NETs, the type 3 versions represent the most aggressive subcategory, with the highest incidence of lymph-vascular infiltration and metastases at diagnosis. For these reasons, a more interventional approach to the management of type 3 g-NETs has been generally shared by the scientific community. However, a case-by-case discussion amongst a multidisciplinary NET-dedicated team revealed that partial or complete gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy had become an out-of-proportion indication within such cases regarding small and/or low-grade lesions. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the real-life approaches to type 3 g-NETs and identify some of the prognostic factors that might impact management choices. We found that size and gastric wall infiltration and grading may represent three factors that should be taken into account to better manage type 3 g-NETs. Abstract Purpose: to collect data from real-life experiences of the management of type 3 g-NETs and identify possible prognostic factors that may impact the decision-making process. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature on type 3 g-NET management using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. We included cohort studies, case series, and case reports written in the English language. Results: We selected 31 out of 556 articles from between 2001 and 2022. In 2 out of the 31 studies, a 10 mm and 20 mm cut-off size were respectively associated with a higher risk of gastric wall infiltration and/or lymph node and distant metastasis at diagnosis. The selected studies reported a higher risk of lymph node or distant metastasis at diagnosis in the case of muscularis propria infiltration or beyond, irrespective of the dimensions or grading. From these findings, size, grading, and gastric wall infiltration seem to be the most relevant factors in management staff making choices and prognoses of type 3 g-NET patients. We produced a hypothetical flowchart for a standardized approach to these rare diseases. Conclusion: Further prospective analyses are needed to validate the prognostic impact of the use of size, grading, and gastric wall infiltration as prognostic factors in the management of type 3 g-NETs.


The information system of the diagnostics of the reliability of pipeline systems is developed in the paper. It is intended to provide a single information space for prompt and coordinated support of management decisions in the workplaces of technical specialists and repair personnel of structural subdivisions of a pipeline system. The task of minimizing costs is formulated, which is solved by numerical optimization methods and the graphical method. The information system makes accessible comparative analyses of alternative structures of a pipeline network by criterion of functional reliability.

Keywords: information system, diagnostics, model, reliability, pipeline system.


The case was an 82-year-old Hispanic female who complained of painless jaundice and weight loss. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed a distal common bile duct (CBD) stricture with dilatation of the intra and extra-hepatic bile ducts.


This research has the goal to verify and to find empirical proof on the effectof good government governance, internal control systems, and organizational commitment to managerial performance of local revenues in North Lombok Regency Government. The research will be conducted on 9 (nine) working units that manage local revenue in. The population in this study are employees Involved in the management of local revenue with smaple many as 77 people. This study uses the data collection techniques using quesionnaires to Obtain primary instruments of data through a list of questions posed to respondents. Furthermore, the Data were Analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis tool based on the variant and Partial Least Square (PLS). The results Showed that good government governance, internal control systems, organizational commitment towards striving towards Managerial Performance.and can be used as consideration in assessing the performance of the managing local revenue by Regional Head, Parliament and the public.


Nowadays the extent of productivity of Decision Making Units (DMUs) in future has a significant importance. One of the different types of calculating profitability of units is Malmq uist productivity index. All approaches presented so far calculate this index in present or past time using deterministic data. In this paper, a new approach based on DEA is presented for estimating Malmquist index in future. We calculate this index with the contribution of stochastic data and this approach provides the possibility of recognition of the probable progress or regress of units. This issue is a warning for units with probable regress to alter their performance.


Across Canada's boreal forest, at least 600,000 km of linear disturbances including cutlines and roads crisscross the landscape to facilitate resource exploration and extraction. As the boreal forest consists of up to 50% peatland, many of these linear disturbances also cross peatland ecosystems. Although more permanent access roads may involve the placement of mineral soil fill, most linear disturbances only involve clearing the area of trees to allow the passage of equipment and vehicles. This change in canopy cover and the compression of the peat by heavy equipment alters local thermal, hydrological and ecological conditions, likely changing greenhouse gas flux on the disturbance and possibly in the adjacent peatland.


A holy grail for environmental microbiologists
is being able to predict the effects of any given
microbial community on a particular environment.
In an era of increasingly dramatic
changes in global climate, this goal is becoming
evermore important. It is now well accepted
that microorganisms have had and continue
to have a profound influence on shaping the
chemistry of the Earth. It would thus be both
intellectually satisfying and practically useful if
we could enumerate the microbial players in a
specific locale, and, knowing their metabolic
potential and how they regulate their various
metabolisms, make predictions about how
their presence would shape the geochemistry
of that locale as it evolves in time.


Phase decomposition and reversion processes in Al–Li binary alloys have been studied by synchrotron-radiation small-angle/100 scattering experiments. The microstructure and its evolution obtained from small-angle scattering (SAS) and 100 profiles during phase decomposition and reversion are discussed. For the coarsening and reversion processes where a well defined interface between the δ′ precipitates and the matrix can be expected, the information obtained from the SAS and 100 profiles was essentially the same. On the other hand, the structural information they convey can be different in the early stage of phase decomposition. The interpretation of the SAS and 100 intensities by means of an extension of the two-phase model has been examined.


The security technology decides the realization of the mobile agent. The primary problem solved by this paper is to prevent replay attacks and acts beyond its authorities of malicious mobile agent. The concepts, characters and security of mobile agent are described. Afterwards, the concepts and advantages of incremental timestamp are proposed, and a specific example and the demonstrations are also presented. The mobile agent system that adopts incremental timestamp can protect execute system from damages of hostile mobile agents. The incremental timestamp technology has been verified and realized in the mobile agent system which is developed based on the Lucent Company抯 Inferno system.


Plant polyphenols widely exist in a variety of plants and have been used in a wide range of various purposes. Meanwhile,their extraction technologies are ripe. Plant polyphenols have many kinds of biological activities,including anticancer,antiaging,antiradiation and antioxidant properties. Recently,with the increasing attention of animal health,safety of animal productions and "green"products,meanwhile emphasizing the'safe and effective'characteristics of feed additives in animal production,the application in animal production of plant polyphenols as a natural antioxidant has become a hot topic. This particle review ed the antioxidant function and application in animal production of some common plant polyphenols as antioxidant,such as grape polyphenols,apple polyphenols,and tea polyphenols.


Extrapolating the results of hybrid quantum Monte Carlo simulations to the zero temperature and infinite-chain-length limits, we calculate the ground-state phase diagram of a system of quantum particles on a chain of harmonically coupled, symmetric, quartic double-well potentials. We show that the ground state of this quantum chain depends on two parameters, formed from the ratios of the three natural energy scales in the problem. As a function of these two parameters, the quantum ground state can exhibit either broken symmetry, in which the expectation values of the particle's coordinate are all nonzero (as would be the case for a classical chain), or restored symmetry, in which the expectation values of the particle's coordinate are all zero (as would be the case for a single quantum particle). In addition to the phase diagram as a function of these two parameters, we calculate the ground-state energy, an order parameter related to the average position of the particle, and the susceptibility associated with this order parameter. Further, we present an approximate analytic estimate of the phase diagram and discuss possible physical applications of our results, emphasizing the behavior of hydrogen halides under pressure.


This paper presents an image resolution enhancement technique which is based on surface fitting of the high frequency components in an image obtained by Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) of an image and enhanced by using Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) of an image at intermediate stage of Process. The high frequency sub-bands component of an image were filtered by using DWT & interpolated using surface fitting. These frequency sub-bands modified by high frequency Sub-bands obtained through SWT. The output image will generated through Inverse discrete Wavelet Transform (IDWT) and interpolated with input image by surface fitting and high frequency sub-bands Component. The qualitative and quantitative better results show the effectiveness of this Modified method over other standard image resolution Enhancement techniques.


Aerosols play an important role in the global climate balance, and therefore they could be important in climate change. Natural variations of aerosols, especially due to dust storm are recognized as a significant climate forcing, that is, a factor that alters the Earth's radiation balance and thus tends to cause a global temperature change. Aerosol optical depth, τ(λ) is the most comprehensive variable to characterize aerosol due to atmospheric pollution. The aerosol optical properties in Makkah observed during dust period (March-May) from 2006 to 2009 had been presented in this study. Aerosol optical depths at all wavelengths showed a sharp increase during major dust outbreak in spring when compared with the average for the season. For example at Makkah, aerosol optical depths increase from the spring average value of 0.43±0.02 at 550 nm to values >0.70 during major dust event days in 2006. These tend to increasingly of temperature during this period as results of absorbing aerosol effect. In this paper, we used AOD data from Terra MODIS to evaluate the trend of dust aerosol events in Makkah throughout 4 years dataset with supported data of subtype of aerosol and air temperature from CALIPSO and MERRA respectively. The higher values of AOD are corresponding to the low visibility due to presents of high concentration of dust.


Oral administration of 150 mg of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) resulted in a rise in plasma human growth hormone (HGH), ACTH and cortisol in most of the subjects tested. Concomitant administration of glucose with 5-HTP significantly blunted plasma HGH response, but not plasma ACTH or cortisol response to 5-HTP.


Hyperactivity/attention problems (HAP) and conduct problems (CP) are common and impairing disruptive behaviors in childhood and adolescence. Previous research has established that HAP and CP are highly comorbid, and that outcomes are worse for youth exhibiting both symptom clusters relative to youth with only one disruptive behavior type. Despite ample evidence that HAP and CP share common etiological factors and maladaptive outcomes, the nature of their developmental association remains unclear. This dissertation clarifies three important characteristics of comorbid HAP and CP development, in two replicate, longitudinal, population samples of youth. First, I test the theory that within-person variation in HAP relates to subsequent within-person in variation CP, but not vice versa. Second, I apply growth mixture modeling to identify comorbid HAP-CP developmental trajectories, as well as their uniquely associated risk factors. Finally, I attempt to replicate a well-known candidate gene by environment interaction as a predictor of CP. Altogether, these analyses expand the literature on the etiologies of HAP, CP, and their cross-construct relations.


We present BioSubroutine, an open depository server that automatically categorizes various subroutines frequently used in bioinformatics research. We processed a large bioinformatics subroutine library called Bio.pl that was the first Bioperl subroutine library built in 1995. Over 1000 subroutines were processed automatically and an HTML interface has been created. BioSubroutine can accept new subroutines and algorithms from any such subroutine library, as well as provide interactive user forms. The subroutines are stored in an SQL database for quick searching and accessing. BioSubroutine is an open access project under the BioLicense license scheme.


Ambulatory video EEG allows for extended recording of EEG in the comfort of a patient's home. However, the optimal duration of recording to capture clinical events is yet to be established. The current study uses retrospective analyses to identify an optimal recording duration for at‐home video EEG.


Although cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) may look identical under the microscope, DLBCL is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous group of lymphomas. Multiple clinical features such as age 60 years or older, stage III/IV, high lactic dehydrogenase, two or more extranodal sites of disease, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or more, all features included in the International Prognostic Index, have been associated with a poorer outcome. However, even within the International Prognostic Index categories, a wide range of outcomes has been noted. In recent years, several different oncogenic pathways have been recognized as playing a role in the various subtypes of DLBCL. Gene expression profiling (GEP) studies have now revealed a major division on the basis of the cell of origin of DLBCL into germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) disease, activated B-cell-like (ABC) disease, and primary mediastinal B-cell disease. When the gold standard GEP is applied to patients treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, the 3-year overall survival of patients with GCB is 74% and of patients with ABC is 40%. In addition, the tumor microenvironment seems to play a major role in the pathogenesis of DLBCL and may represent another target for therapy. A favorable subtype, stromal-1 signature, reflects extracellular matrix deposition and infiltration of the lymphoma by macrophages that transmit trophic signals or suppress an antilymphoma response. Stromal-2 signature, which is less favorable, is associated with a high blood vessel density. Because performing GEP has required frozen tissue, it has not been practical in many cases of lymphoma. Therefore, alternative methods such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction have been developed. The most commonly used criteria include stains of bcl-10, bcl-6, and MUM1, the Hans criteria. Using these criteria, patients with the GCB subset of DLBCL who were treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone had a 3-year overall survival of 85% compared with 69% for the ABC subtype. Other algorithms have been produced using different criteria. However, little information is available on the cell of origin and outcome at the time of relapse or on specific therapies that might improve the outcome in the subtypes. As described in the article by Thieblemont et al that accompanies this editorial, patients with DLBCL were randomly assigned in the Bio-CORAL (Collaborative Trial in Relapsed Aggressive Lymphoma) study to receive either rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (R-ICE) or to receive rituximab, dexamethasone, cytarabine, cisplatin (R-DHAP) as salvage chemotherapy. When treatment interaction was tested, the GCB-like DLBCL, on the basis of the Hans algorithm, was significantly associated with a better progression-free survival in the R-DHAP arm but not on the R-ICE arm. Is this a reproducible finding and is it clinically meaningful? In prior studies of patients with relapsed DLBCL, the subtype of ABC is over-represented because of the higher likelihood of relapse. In one previous study, no difference by cell of origin at the time of salvage chemotherapy could be distinguished; however, the patients in that study received the R-ICE regimen. The finding of improvement with specific salvage regimens by subtype will need to be confirmed in a prospective trial. One concern with the use of IHC classifiers is the accuracy of the technique. In the Bio-CORAL study, the percentage of patients with the GCB phenotype was 49% on the basis of the Hans algorithm, 72% on the basis of the Muris algorithm, and 27% on the basis of the Nyman algorithm. A small subset of 39 patients in the study by Thieblemont et al had the gold standard GEP performed, which showed that 51% of the patients had GCB. There was a 75% concordance between the GEP results and the Hans algorithm in the study. This is similar to the 80% concordance that has previously been reported for the Hans technique. More recently, newer techniques have had improved concordance, such as the Choi algorithm and the so-called Tally algorithm that combines many of the other algorithms. However, a concern of any of the IHC techniques is that some of the antibodies are difficult to use (eg, bcl-6), may not be reproducible in inexperienced laboratories, and are not commercially available (eg, germinal center B-cell expressed transcript-1 [GCET1], forkhead box protein-1 [FOXP1]) or Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendmentapproved. Althoughonly39caseswereconfirmedbyGEP in the Thieblemont study, the study did confirm the benefit of the R-DHAP regimen for patients with GCB-like DLBCL. As we understand more about the tumor and stromal biology of lymphoma, we may be able to use this information to develop newer molecularly targeted treatment strategies. Genetic lesions found in GCB-like DBLCL include t(14;18) translocation, deletion of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog, amplification of the microRNA cluster mi-17-92, bcl-6 expression, and p53 mutations. On the basis of this information, agents that affect apoptosis, bcl-6, or p53 modulators may be more effective in patients with GCB-like DLBCL. One hypothesis set forward with respect to the results in the Bio-CORAL study is that the cytarabine-containing regimen of JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY E D I T O R I A L S VOLUME 29 NUMBER 31 NOVEMBER 1 2011


Discussion:
 Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) is a type of Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) caused by an accessory pathway can result in symptomatic and also life-threatening arrhythmias. Supraventricular tachycardias are less commonly seen in hypothyroidism than hyperthyroidism. We present a case of a 41 year old gentleman who presented with chest pain and SVT was found to have severe hypothyroidism with pre-excitation pattern on his EKG.
 Case:
 41-year-old Caucasian gentleman with history of untreated Hashimoto's thyroiditis presented with palpitations and acute onset left-sided chest pain. His symptoms were aggravated with movement and improved with rest. When EMS found him, his vitals were significant for tachycardia with a heart rate (HR) of 200 beats per minute (bpm). EKG showed supraventricular tachycardia. Vagal maneuvers were attempted followed by adenosine. This resulted in conversion to sinus rhythm and improvement in HR to 88 bpm. His chest pain completely resolved. He was then brought to the emergency room where he had normal vitals. Examination revealed thyroid gland was palpable and noted to be diffusely enlarged. Laboratory data was significant for an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) of 373 mIU/ml and undetectable free thyroxine (fT4) levels. His creatinine kinase (CK) was high at 16260, and troponin was elevated at 0.220 ng/ml (reference:<0.04 ng/ml). TPO antibodies were >600 IU/ml. EKG demonstrated sinus rhythm with pre-excitation and incomplete left bundle-branch block.
 He had normal chest x-ray. An echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 55% with mild LV diastolic dysfunction. He later underwent a stress myocardial perfusion scan which showed no definite evidence of inducible ischemia.
 Follow up:
 He was started on thyroxine replacement therapy. He is due for an EP study to evaluate for an accessory pathway causing pre-excitation with repolarization pattern on his ECG.

 Conclusion:
 This case suggests that severe hypothyroidism can also cause supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) by metabolic and conduction derangements revealing concealed bypass tracts in patients with accessory pathways. In most cases these arrhythmias are reversible once the underlying thyroid disorder is treated.


ABSTRACT Detailed numerical simulations have been performed to study the ignition behavior of hot spherical particles at atmospheric conditions. The particles move relative to a combustible gas with a velocity of 0–30 m s, which spans different flow regimes, from creeping flow to unsteady vortex shedding. The temperature of the particles' surface increases linearly over time and is recorded at ignition for methane/air and hydrogen/air mixtures. For low relative velocities m s or Reynolds numbers , increases proportionally to or and the flow field is axisymmetric. For higher relative velocities, an unsteady vortex street forms behind the particle so that three-dimensional simulations are required. A correlation employing the van't Hoff criterion yields linear correlations based on the Nusselt number and for both the low- and high-velocity ranges. For rich hydrogen flames at high velocities, the flame temporarily stabilizes near the hot particle in the recirculation zone downstream. As the surface temperature increases further, the flame suddenly starts to propagate downstream, leading to two distinct ignition events: local ignition at the particle's surface and start of the propagation into the surrounding gas. The latter yields a much steeper increase of ignition temperature with incoming flow velocity.


Five trials were conducted to determine the effects of chemical treatment of ground corn on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), in vivo nutrient utilization and ruminal starch digestion. Ground corn was treated with 0, 1, 2 or 3% (wt wt−1) formaldehyde, glyoxal, masonex, propionaldehyde or tannic acid. IVDMD of ground corn was inversely related (P < 0.01) to percent formaldehyde treatment level, while glyoxal, masonex, propionaldehyde and tannic acid were relatively ineffective in reducing IVDMD. Treatment of large batches of ground corn with 0, 0.5 or 1% (wt wt−1) formaldehyde also linearly reduced IVDMD (P < 0.01). Six abomasally fistulated wethers (average weight 95 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square to determine the effects of 0, 1 or 2% (wt wt−1) formaldehyde treatment of ground corn on ruminal and total tract nutrient digestion. Ruminal dry matter (DM) digestion and total tract DM, organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestion decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with in...


Summary: The impact of a new monitoring strategy on whole blood concentrations of cyclosporine measured by a specific monoclonal radioimmunoassay was investigated in a group of 37 renal transplant patients. Before transplantation, the patients received a standard intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) test dose of cyclosporine to calculate their individual i.v. and p.o starting dose rates to achieve a certain target steady-state cyclosporine concentration. After transplantation, the designated i.v. dose rate was continuously infused for 2 days, at which time the steady-state concentration was measured. Then, the designated oral dose for 24 h was administered while the infusion was continued at an unaltered rate. The oral absorption of cyclosporine was documented by blood samples over the following 8 h. If necessary, this overlap of i.v. and p.o. dosing was repeated until blood concentrations of cyclosporine rose at least 700 ng/ml over the steady-state concentration. By that time, the infusion was stopped and oral dosing continued. Individualized infusions led to steady-state concentrations within a range that did not exceed 1.1 times the median concentration of 472 ng/ml. Standard infusion rates in the past produced a much wider range of steady-state concentrations (9.6 times the median). Individualized infusions reached the target steady-state concentration with a significant positive bias of 17% (SEM = ≤32%, range of −36 to + 105%). Individualized oral doses reached the target average steady-state concentration (calculated by dividing the area under the concentration-time curve by the dosing interval) with an inferior precision (median = 2.6%, range of −54 to + 130%) but without a positive or negative bias. Until 14 days after transplantation, 88% of the patients showed satisfactory oral absorption of cyclosporine; the remaining 12% were kept on infusions for up to 1 month. The new monitoring strategy rendered immunosuppression with cyclosporine and prednisone a safe and effective therapy after renal transplantation.


Under the crushing blow of Korean economic crisis demanding IMF bailout, most of Korean hotel firm's operation performance bas doomed anti eventually will distress their finance. This study use the ratio analysis of financial statements which is open to the public, anti it tells what is the symptoms of corporate failures. It will reduce the investor's risk and give insiders alert anti help to minimize their loss.


Piecewise-linear particle swarm optimizer (PPSO) is one of swarm-based optimization algorithms. Although PPSO is a deterministic particle swarm optimization (D-PSO) algorithm, its performance is better than the classical PSO's performance in solving various optimization problems. In particular, PPSO is effective in solving non-separable problems such as rotated problems. In our previous study, we have investigated that PPSO particles can move not only in a direction parallel to the coordinate axes, but also in various directions. We therefore assumed that PPSO particles do not depend on reference frame. In this paper, we analyzed that PPSO algorithm is reference frame invariant (i.e., scaling, translation, and rotational invariants) theoretically, and in order to study effectiveness of the theoretical analysis, we performed numerical experiments and clarified whether PPSO algorithm is reference frame invariant or not.


The fluctuations of air transmittency over small time scales (20–500 s), in the presence and the absence of fog, are analyzed from different points of view: Fourier and wavelet transforms, multiscaling exponents, the multifractal spectrum and structure functions. All results indicate a multifractal structure associated with intermittency, and whose characteristics do not seem to change with the level of visibility. The origin of this multifractality, whether statistical or dynamical, cannot be established with certainty: there are however indications in favor of the presence of chaos.


Using Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate photopion production from Fermi-accelerated protons and the resulting neutrino production in gamma-ray bursts. Unless internal shocks occur at quite large distances from the center, ultra-high-energy protons are depleted by photopion production and synchrotron radiation. Internal shocks at fiducial distance cause neutrino bursts, which accompany gamma-ray bursts originating from electromagnetic cascades.


This paper talked about the difference of overshot fabric and weft-figured fabric on pattern structure,weaving technology,CAD design system,weaving equipment,fabric appearance and uses. It can be seen from drawing weave diagram and weaving that overshot fabric's pattern design is more flexible and convenient,operate easily,but the demand of weaving equipment(additional float mechanism) is high. The weft-figured fabric' s design is relatively complex,but its weaving technology is mature. In terms of fabric effect and uses,overshot fabric is soft,delicate and light,but pattern varieties are less,however weft-figured fabric's pattern is more full and diverse,it has a wide range of pattern design. Weftfigured fabric is thick and durable.


It presents the experiment research of HPb6323 by micro-end-milling based on a 3-axial-miniaturized NC machine developed by ourselves.The main types of micro-burr in circle groove milling are studied first.Then the principle of grey theoretical model is analyzed which is applied to transform initial data based on experimental measurements by utilizing the accumulation generation operation of grey prediction,and accumulated data with stronger regularity is obtained.In addition a grey prediction model is built to forecast the micro-burr size of the circular groove in micro-end-milling,so that the predictions for micro-burr size is realized,which results consistent with the experimental one,and it is proved that the model is suitable to predict the micro-burr size.


The popular holiday inside a country is a cultural representation, in which, there are feasted sacred or profane events. The different holidays form a part essentially in whom they celebrate it, every festivity possesses his particular, and this characteristic is the reason for which the celebration can be across rites or commemorative acts.
In the Comuna Chilibulo Marcopamba la Raya they celebrate every May the Holiday of the Crosses, this festivity is the worship to the Constellation of the Cross of the South; it consists of promoting the hills Ungui and Chilindalo to realize the rite of the " Amarre de las cruces ", this rite is to be grateful for the Pacha mama for the received food.
The aim of this work is to register the Holiday of the Crosses across a photographic book, in which it will be allowed to be a link of information and cultural knowledge so much of the neighborhood as his holiday


It is argued that it is vital to form a sound strategy for developing broadband integrated services digital network (BISDN) technology and services and deploying them in the field, so that smooth migration from the existing network is accelerated. Three major steps in this context are to expand fiber networks into the subscriber loop area to provide broadband capabilities everywhere, to construct a universal digital network that facilitates smooth evolution from the existing network to the broadband network of the future through deployment of (SDH) synchronous digital hierarchy transmission systems, and to integrate both services and network components through introduction of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) technologies. Development efforts now being carried out at Fujitsu and Fujitsu Laboratories along this line are described, and the impact on network construction and service offerings is indicated.<<ETX>>


forty years later, in 1886, by the Dutchman J. H. Insinger on the banks of the river, still in Lepsius' boxes.1 The adventures of the duplicate of this text, found just fifty years ago by L. Borchardt, G. Steindorff, and H. Schihfer at Uronarti or, in Arabic, Gemirat el-Melek, is also curious. Steindorff stated that this stela was the principal object discovered by his expedition in the Second Cataract region and transferred to them by the Sudan Government;2 he hoped that it would be transported to Leipzig next winter and mentioned the financial aid given by E. [von] Sieglin. The stela is however still in the Sudan and actually forms one of the treasures of the Archaeological Museum at Khartoum. This disturbance of plans will be, I suppose, the reason why our text has never been published.3 Sir Alan Gardiner and K. Sethe mention some variants of the Semna stela. During a short stay at Khartoum I therefore accepted readily the kind offer of Mr. P. L. Shinnie to make a hand copy of this text and the more so as he procured for me excellent photographs of it. I wish to express my heartfelt thanks for his kindness. The stela of brown sandstone measures 1.50 m. in height and 0.80 m. in breadth. In addition to the royal titulary, it contains nineteen lines of text. As the left lower corner is missing, the ends of the lines 12-19 are incomplete. The translation runs as follows:


Critically low vitamin D may cause emergency caesarean sections:a cohort study of Somali and Swedish women in antenatal primary care


Control of mining enterprises to analyze the overall power consumption,and improvement,saving profits.According to the basic situation with mining equipment ready to use SH12 S9 type transformer to replace the original SJ,SJL,SL,SL1 type transformer.Introduction saving principle.Analysis of energy-saving effect,replacement of existing transmission lines with high loss of aging,with new mouse cage asynchronous motor,replacing JR,JS winding type motor,exact matching motor and load,and describe the load motor winding motors and mouse cage motor's advantages and disadvantages.On the air compressor,fan,hoist,slurry pump for frequency transformation.Through a series of comprehensive reform measures to achieve tons of ore processing power consumption reduced by 10% of a single target.


A practical timing recovery subsystem for a direct detection optical communication system that uses Q=4 pulse position modulation (PPM) signaling at 25 Mb/s is described. The system consists of an AlGaAs laser diode transmitter and an avalanche photodiode (APD) photodetector. The PPM slot clock is recovered with a transition detector followed by a phase lock loop (PLL). The PPM word clock is recovered by tracking pairs of back-to-back PPM pulses in the received random PPM data sequences with another PLL. The system is capable of acquiring and maintaining slot and word synchronization at greater than 20 average detected photons per information bit (40 photons/PPM pulse).<<ETX>>


The Local Scale Model (LSM) of Shephard (1994) is a state-space model of volatility clustering similar in effect to IGARCH, but with an unobserved volatility that realistically evolves independently of the observed errors, instead of being mechanically determined by them. It has one fewer parameter to estimate than IGARCH, and a closed form likelihood, despite the unobservability of the volatility. Although the errors are assumed to be Gaussian conditional on the unobserved stochastic variance, they are Student t when conditioned on experience, with degrees of freedom that grow to a finite bound. The present paper improves on the Shephard (1994) model by assigning equal variance to the innovations to the volatility. The implied volatility gain at first declines sharply as in the Local Level Model, rather than being constant throughout as in traditional IGARCH. The improved model is fit to monthly stock returns by Maximum Likelihood. The parameter estimates imply 7.76 steady-state degrees of freedom. A short-lived "Great Moderation" is evident during the mid-1990's, but expires by 1998. Otherwise the period since 1970 was generally more volatile than the 1950s and 60s, though less so than the 1930s and 40s. The LSM volatility responds more nimbly to the data than does an IGARCH model. Although the Student t densities generated by the Gaussian-based LSM account for much of the conditional leptokurtosis in the data, further refinements will be required to adequately model the pronounced negative skewness and/or residual leptokurtosis in stock returns.


A 3D completely flexible probe array capable of multichannel neural recording at various depths in neural tissue has been developed. It was designed and fabricated based on a surface micro-machining process. Multichannel long-term stable neural recording is fundamental to allow the control of prosthetic devices and to investigate brain function. Numerous designs for electrodes have been developed and reported. However, none of them was able to obtain stable long-term multichannel recordings because most of them were based on rigid micromachining technology that relied on silicon, which can shift slightly in soft neural tissue. The electrode was fabricated on a 10/spl mu/m-thick parylene substrate. It consists of six flexible needle-shaped probes (1.2mm in height, 160/spl mu/m in width), each with three recording sites (20/spl mu/m /spl times/ 20/spl mu/m) on the surface, and integrated cables. Because the electrode is completely flexible, it is less-invasive and has the potential to provide stable recordings over a long duration in soft and delicate neural tissue. This complete flexibility of the electrode is achieved with a combination of processes for surface micro-machining and folding. In addition, we propose a new method using PEG coating in order to insert these flexible probes into the neural tissue. In the evaluation experiment using gelatin, this probes were successfully inserted into the gelatin without fracture.


This research is motivated by the many customers who use SMS Banking service both active and non-active. So we know that the SMS Banking service can be said to have a good quality. Quality of service is a long-term customer koqnitif evaluation of the delivery of services of a company. To measure the quality of service used methods Service Quality. Service Quality method is the method used to determine the quality criteria that must be improved quality of service based on the gap between perception and customer expectations. Gap used in this study is the reliability factor (reliability), the guarantee (Assurances), physical evidence (tangibles), empathy (empathy) and response (responsiveness) as independent variables while, the dependent variable in this study is user loyalty service SMS Banking on Bank customers of South Sumatera Babel Palembang.This study aims to determine the factors that influence the use of loyalty service SMS Banking at Bank customers Babel Palembang of South Sumatera Babel Palembang. Where the SMS Banking service users based on data archive in 2014 from Bank of South Sumatra Palembang Babel both active and non-active there were about 3,814 respondents. The samples used were 362 respondents with probability sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis is used as a data analysis technique.The results showed that the variable guarantees (Assurances), physical evidence (tangibles), and empathy (empathy) significantly affects the loyalty use SMS Banking service at Bank of South Sumatra Palembang Babel. Variable reliability (reliability) and response (responsiveness) does not affect the use of SMS Banking service loyalty. As well as the five variables of variable reliability (reliability), assurance (Assurances), physical evidence (tangibles), empathy (empathy) and response (responsiveness) jointly affect the loyalty of use SMS Banking service at Bank of South Sumatera Palembang Babel.


BACKGROUND AND AIM : Laminate veneer restorations exhibit excellent ability to reproduce the natural teeth regarding esthetic and biomechanics. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of laminate veneers on oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL). METHODS : In this case series study, the impact of treatment on OHQol was measured using the standard questionnaire OHIP-14. This tool was applied to 19 patients who visited the private office of restorative and cosmetic specialist before and six months after treatment. RESULTS : The maximum score recorded by Oral Health Impact Profile-14 was 34 before treatment, with 31 after treatment. The average score decreased from 13.1 ± 9.44 (before treatment) to 12 ± 10.6 (after treatment). Comparison of the frequencies of patient's responses to OHQoL suggested that changes in OHQoL for question number 4 (uncomfortable to eat food) and question number 9 (difficult to relax) were significant, respectively (P = 0.03, P = 0.02) and for question number 10 (feeling embarrassed) were nearly significant (P = 0.07). Nineteen subjects in this study exhibited improvement in OHQoL. CONCLUSION : Esthetic dental treatment using laminate veneers would significantly affect OHQoL enhancement in some aspects.


The strongest earthquake (EQ) with magnitude M=9 happened under a sea bottom near the Japan east coast on March 11, 2011. Secular variations of the main geomagnetic field were investigated by means of three-component 1-hour data at three magnetic observatories during 11-year period of 01.01.2000-31.01.2011. Magnetic stations Esashi and Mizusawa are situated northwest of the EQ epicenter at distances ~170–200 km and the observatory Kakioka is situated southwest of the EQ epicenter at distance ~300 km. During the period, we found four local anomalies in the secular variations. All anomalies are most distinctly recognized in the form of differences of corresponding magnetic components at these remote magnetic stations. It was found that four seismic active zones were aroused near the magnetic stations Esashi and Mizusawa before (0.5-1 year) the four local anomalies. The last anomaly is the biggest one that had begun ~3 years prior to the EQ moment. For investigation of the ULF magnetic field disturbances three-component 1-sec data at two magnetic stations (Kakioka and Uchiura) were used. The Uchiura station is situated south of Kakioka at a distance 119 km and at a distance of ~420 km from the EQ epicenter. Data from the time interval of 18.02 10.03, 2011 (only night times 01-04 LT) were investigated in a wide frequency range. It was found that in the frequency range of F=0.033 – 0.01 Hz there was observed the clearest anomaly as a decrease in correlation coefficients of corresponding magnetic components at these two stations from 22.02, 2011. Differences of Z components exhibited an increase and became positive after this date. It may suggest that the ULF lithospheric source appeared north of the Kakioka station. Outside the specified frequency range, the anomalies are


John Bellamy Foster's 1998 introduction to the 25th anniversary edition of Braverman's Labor and Monopoly Capital (1998) missed an opportunity in failing to engage the industry of (largely British) postmodernist labour process scholarship that followed the first edition of the book. This research `almost universally rejects [Braverman's] understanding of the labour process' (Spencer, 2000: 223). Using Braverman (and Marx) as benchmarks, this article finds the postmodernist tradition deficient in several respects. First, it consistently underappreciates the political aims and impact of Braverman's work (notwithstanding constant rhetorical support for political engagement). Second, it remains incorrigibly philosophical (logocentric) - entrapped in incessant recycling of philosophies of undecidability. Despite claims to reject the hubris of Cartesian analysis, it remains infatuated by it. Third, it misconstrues Braverman's anthropological humanism as a degenerate form of (idealistic) humanism, and thus leaves underexplored the dialectical politics of transcendent negation. Fourth, it psychologizes social and political processes, and ultimately retreats to an unreconstructed notion of ideology, where working people are construed as wrongheaded for seeking refuge from coercion in supposedly false identities. Fifth, in urging working people to release an `inner self' from a false identity, the analysis presupposes an underlying human essence that is atheoretical and essentialist. Finally, the analysis is blind to the social and historical specificity of Braverman's political task; exposing `skill upgrading via education' as an ideology that obfuscates economic decline, recession and deindustrialization. The upgrading canard - expounded by all recent US presidents up to George W. Bush III - is dutifully discharged (to this day) by most business schools and management centres, including those in Britain.


Electrical and hydraulic conductivities in the reservoir environment can vary over many orders of magnitude over very small distances, while human vision is limited to perception of a Cartesian space in which the perceptual scales in all directions are commensurate. This means that visual plots of electrical or hydraulic conductivity variations with respect to a spatial coordinate must plot the logarithm of the data versus one or more spatial coordinates. This traditional visualization scheme, which is facilitated by the contemporary use of graphical workstations, exchanges precision for ease of data presentation, since the logarithmic mapping smoothes the data. This may be a good thing if gross earth structures are targeted, but it can be counterproductive if truly high-resolution mapping of the earth is desired. Since the frequency and amplitude dynamic range of the human ear is many orders of magnitude, alternative sonic data presentations preserve the true scale of the data. In these presentations, traditional log strip charts serve as visual "scores" while a "sonification" presents the data in auditory, or "musical", form. There are many natural maps of conductivity data into sound realizations, with a wide range of possible timbres and ensembles possible for correlating large data sets. These maps have natural extensions to fractal conductivity distributions. A trial piano sonification of induction well-log data, presented for your listening pleasure, maintains the scale of the induction data and presents the information in listenable form, reminiscent of some contemporary composed music. We conjecture that with the increasing availability of inexpensive electronic synthesizers, true multi-media capabilities, and virtual reality work-stations, that all geophysical data will be mapped to many dimensional perceptual media which best preserve their true geometric scales. In the case of reservoir distributions of electrical and hydraulic conductivities, the "pure" presentation media will be sound, perhaps with an accompanying score for those who sight read. We further conjecture that the linguistic and musical aptitude of humans for detecting and remembering structure in sound strings will lead to increased precision in reservoir description and analysis. Remember, you heard it here first! INTRODUCTION TO SONIC DATA


Interest in real-time multiprocessor scheduling has been rekindled as multi-core chips are increasingly used for embedded real-time systems. While tasks may be preemptive or non-preemptive (due to their transactional operations), deadline guarantees are usually made only for those task sets in each of which all tasks are preemptive or non-preemptive, not a mixture thereof, i.e., all or nothing. In this paper, we develop a schedulability analysis framework that guarantees the timing requirements of a given task set in which a task can be either preemptive or non-preemptive. As an example, we apply this framework to the prioritization policy of EDF (Earliest Deadline First), yielding schedulability tests of mpn-EDF (Mixed Preemptive/Non-preemptive EDF), which is a generalization of both fp-EDF (fully-preemptive EDF) and np-EDF (non-preemptive EDF). In addition to their deadline guarantees for any task set that is composed of a mixture of preemptive and non-preemptive tasks, the tests outperform the existing schedulability tests of np-EDF (a special case of mpn-EDF) by up to 109.1%. Using these tests, we also improve schedulability by disallowing preemptions of some preemptive tasks. For this, we develop an algorithm that optimally disallows preemption of a preemptive task under a certain assumption, and demonstrate via simulation that the algorithm discovers up to 30.9% additional task sets that are schedulable with the proposed scheduling scheme, but not with fp-EDF or np-EDF.


Teachers are relied upon to teach basic agricultural knowledge among young learners who are devoid of real-world agricultural experiences. The middle school serves as a tool for achieving this goal because self and environmental awareness, and career choices begin at this educational stage. Since agricultural teachers are the major driver of agricultural education program in the middle school, their perceptions regarding this program are important. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of agricultural teachers regarding teaching agriculture and selected course content in the middle school. The Theory of Planned Behavior was used as a theoretical framework to predict teachers' perceptions regarding teaching agriculture in the middle school. Questionnaires were sent to middle school, high school and community college agriculture teachers in Iowa through Qualtrics. The results of the study showed that agriculture teachers in Iowa had positive and strong perceptions toward teaching agriculture in the middle school. In addition, agricultural teachers in Iowa indicated selected content of the Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources curriculum developed by the National Association of Agricultural Education should be taught to a limited or great extent. Similarly, agricultural teachers in Iowa believed teaching agricultural education in the middle school will develop students' leadership skills and assist students in making informed career choices in agricultural industry. Based on the findings of this study, the cyclical model was developed as a guide for curriculum development, and planning of instructional activities. Teaching agriculture in the middle school develops, trains, and motivates young students to become responsible citizens and capable future policy makers. Participation in curricular and non-curricular agricultural activities could promote the development of student leadership skills. The positive perceptions of agriculture teachers regarding teaching agriculture in the middle school indicate its sustainability and positive impacts on students.


Solar panel is one of the most promising renewable energies technology that can be an alternative of the fossil fuel energy. Furthermore, an accurate model to simulate the solar panel efficiency and power output is required. In this study, four parameters model is used to simulate the power output of the solar panel. Four parameters are extracted from single diode equation by using Matlab software then validate with manufacturer datasheet and one-day experiment condition. The error value from datasheet and experiment are 0.03% and 3.54%, respectively. Findings show that four parameters model is accurate. In the future, this result can be taken as a valuable reference for researcher and industrial to modelling energy output of the solar panel.


In this paper we study the classic problem of computing a maximum cardinality matching in general graphs $G = (V, E)$. The best known algorithm for this problem till date runs in $O(m \sqrt{n})$ time due to Micali and Vazirani \cite{MV80}. Even for general bipartite graphs this is the best known running time (the algorithm of Karp and Hopcroft \cite{HK73} also achieves this bound). For regular bipartite graphs one can achieve an $O(m)$ time algorithm which, following a series of papers, has been recently improved to $O(n \log n)$ by Goel, Kapralov and Khanna (STOC 2010) \cite{GKK10}. In this paper we present a randomized algorithm based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo paradigm which runs in $O(m \log^2 n)$ time, thereby obtaining a significant improvement over \cite{MV80}.
We use a Markov chain similar to the \emph{hard-core model} for Glauber Dynamics with \emph{fugacity} parameter $\lambda$, which is used to sample independent sets in a graph from the Gibbs Distribution \cite{V99}, to design a faster algorithm for finding maximum matchings in general graphs. Our result crucially relies on the fact that the mixing time of our Markov Chain is independent of $\lambda$, a significant deviation from the recent series of works \cite{GGSVY11,MWW09, RSVVY10, S10, W06} which achieve computational transition (for estimating the partition function) on a threshold value of $\lambda$. As a result we are able to design a randomized algorithm which runs in $O(m\log^2 n)$ time that provides a major improvement over the running time of the algorithm due to Micali and Vazirani. Using the conductance bound, we also prove that mixing takes $\Omega(\frac{m}{k})$ time where $k$ is the size of the maximum matching.


Government policy in England has established that the role of adult safeguarding work is to prevent, or reduce the risk of, adults being subject to abuse. Evolving policy and practice frameworks account for abuse in terms of the violation of a person's rights, or by reference to harm. However, the relationship between abuse, harm, and rights is poorly articulated, and there is evidence that these concepts become blurred within practice. In this study, I aim to clarify the concept of abuse as it ought to be applied in the context of adult safeguarding. I argue that the concept of abuse should function to draw attention to the problematic dynamics of interpersonal relationships that lead to adults being caused harm. Understanding abuse in this way has important implications for thinking about adults' vulnerability, the place of self-harm, and self-neglect in safeguarding work, and the broader planning and delivery of multi-disciplinary services within local authorities.


Two-lane expressways exist as provisional sections for future expansion to four-lane expressways in Japan, although recently such roadway types have been considered for construction for permanent use. Their highway classification may fall somewhere between common (multilane) expressways and ordinary two-lane highways, with full access control and high speed limits but with only one lane per direction of travel. Since this type of highway is unique, methodologies for service level measurement of other uninterrupted-flow facilities are not applicable. Percent time spent following, for instance, is estimated with significant consideration of the opposing flow rate, which has practically no effect on driving conditions since a median barrier is present in all sections. The goal of this study is to analyze and compare possible performance measures that would best describe the traffic operational characteristics of two-lane expressways. Among the performance measures considered, follower density had much promise, having shown strong relationships with flow rate. Since the available data were only those taken during off-peak periods, further observations of follower flow must be made during congested or near-congested flow to establish follower density and volume relationships for all traffic conditions.


Long twist drill-inpipe pump pressure CFG peg construction process was adopted for high layer building groundwork disposal in sand groundsill. Exam results showed that this process can meet the demand of design load through reasonable cortrol of construction process.


Two- and three-dimensional finite-element analyses were used to examine the response of a small-diameter leachate collection pipe tested at Ohio University. The influence of the cell boundaries was examined, and the implications of the loading system were investigated. The state of stress in the soil around the cell was studied, and its influence on the expected soil and pipe responses was evaluated. Comparisons between the pipe response induced in the test cell and that which was expected to occur in a real field installation were also made. It was found that nonuniform vertical and horizontal stress distributions different from those expected in real field installations developed in the test cell. This presents various difficulties associated with interpreting loading as an equivalent height of fill. At low load levels in the test cell the granular backfill adjacent to the pipe yielded as local bending developed under the rigid platform used to apply pressure to the ground surface. The decreased lateral support altered the mode of pipe deflection. At high load levels the response in the test cell was governed by soil failure, producing conditions not expected in a landfill environment.


The braking force of the muzzle brake affects not only the strength of the connection thread of the muzzle brake, but also the vibration response of the artillery structure. Due to the complex formation process of the braking force of the muzzle brake, the current theoretical calculation method is used to estimate. This paper presents an experimental measurement method for artillery force of muzzle brake, which describes the measurement principle and deduces the calculation formula. The small-caliber cannon with muzzle brake is selected as the test object. A verification shooting experiment is carried out to obtain the size of the artillery force of the muzzle brake. The measurement values of the artillery force are basically consistent with the theoretical ones. The measurement method and principle introduced in this paper can be applied in the actual artillery force measurement of the muzzle brake. In this paper, the strain measurement principle is used to complete the experimental test of the braking force of the muzzle brake. This paper innovatively proposes a new method for testing the braking force, which has the advantages of simple operation, no need to manufacture special tooling, and low cost.


The micro-appearance feature, the formation of twin lines of monoclinic, the phase transformation and the crystal orientation relationship of ZrO_2 laminated ceramics were studied by scanning electron micro scope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM), X-rays instruments, etc.The experiment results show that the interface compressive stresses can decrease the rate of the grains growth, control the transformation of tetragonal during sintering, raise the amount of the transformable tetragonal, strengthen the effect of the transformation effect, but do not change the orientation relation between tetragonal and monoclinic phase, while (100)_m//(010)_t still exist.


In the paper to which this study responds, Bruthiaux discussed verbal creativity in IT, ranging from short figurative terms such as bug and virus to such 'heavy premodifying groups' as random access memory and central processing memory. He also drew attention to both intransitive verb forms such as Setup is initializing and The menu will repeat, and (most notably) such 'unaccusative' constructs as 'Close this dialog box when download completes' and 'Sit back and relax while Windows 98 installs on your computer'. The present paper takes the discussion further in terms of 'fog' and 'inflation', 'unaccusatives', superfluity and excessive Latinity, tautological phrasing, and such lexical curiosities as overwrite used to mean 'replace'.


The years 1984 and 1985 constitute the centennial of one of the 19th century9s most significant structures, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago. Ground for the Home Insurance was broken 1 May 1884 and it received its first tenants in the fall of 1885. Since that time, some have hailed it as the world9s first true skyscraper; others have seen it as unspectacular and merely transitional. This paper will explore the opinions of the men who were most intimately connected with its construction: the architect, William Le Baron Jenney; his partner, William Mundie; the building9s fireproofing contractor, Peter B. Wight; and one of Jenney9s competitors for the commission, Frederick Baumann. I have based this article on documents, some of them recently discovered, that were written at widely different times. When brought together, however, they seem to create a dialog between these men, the results of which cast some light on the circumstances surrounding the design and erection of the Home Insurance Building. Moreover, these documents give us valuable insight into the human aspects of what has heretofore been held as a purely technical problem in the history of architecture.


Abstract:
As a social and cultural behavior,the relationship between boy and girl is almost a new phenomena in our society.It seems to cause many worries at the various social level by reason of creating some of issues and problems.This research focuses on two main purpose:firstly,To examine girls' attitude toward relationship with opposite sex and to explore effective elements upon the girl's attitude toward the relationship with opposite sex.Using the survey method,a sample of 381girls from students with a mean age of 16/94 was selected.They have been choosen by the Quota sampling.The descriptive findings showed that 45/7 percent had positive attitude toward this kind of relationship,32/3 percent had a moderate attitude and the girls with negative attitude were 22 percent.The findings showed that there was significant relationship between familys' attitude,friends' attitude,life style, religious values and dependent variables.Using a multi-variable regression analysis with the aim of determining the models'soundness was indicative of three variables:persistence on religious values,friends' attitude,and familys' attitude explained 45 percent of dependent variable's variance.Although in the area of the opposite sex interpersonal relationship,the trend changes is moving toward positive attitude and modern values.


ABSTRACT A sample of 347 small business owners, 114 entrepreneurs and 387 managers was compared with respect to cognitive typology as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Entrepreneurs were significantly different from both groups and displayed a temperament congruent with the classic portrait. There were no differences between small business owners and managers. INTRODUCTION Many portraits have been painted and profiles drawn of the inhabitants of the small business arena (VanderWerf & Brush, 1989). Definitions have been variously proffered and refuted by the scholars of the land and still no consensus exists (Bygrave, 1989). Bygrave (1989) called for more field research to describe observed phenomena as a first step in progress toward developing an accepted paradigm. In that spirit, the authors intend to pursue the question: If there are two distinct groups of owners of small businesses, as espoused by some researchers (Carland, Hoy, Boulton & Carland, 1984), then how might they differ from the persons who choose not to go into business for themselves, but rather seek the career ladder by becoming managers in larger organizations? Do these managers have different personality types than small business owners or entrepreneurs? Does personality type or temperament drive one to become self-employed? Is personality an important aspect of the differences in types of owners of small businesses? Does temperament impact behavior? These are exploratory questions and this study proposes to examine personality and temperament from a theoretical and empirical perspective in an attempt to address such questions. THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY Keirsey and Bates (1984, p. 27) maintain that "one's temperament is that which places a signature or thumbprint on each of one's actions, making it recognizably one's own." From this perspective, temperament is a major factor in the actions of an individual. Gasse (1982) avows that one cannot deny that entrepreneurship is a matter of individuals. That same logic is applicable to managers and small business owners. Temperaments, problem-solving typologies, cognitive and management styles are various terms which have been used to designate models. Lang, Dittrich, and White (1978) examined 13 problem-solving models. They identified consistency in the models in their approach to problem solving through the use of discrete, sequential steps from problem identification to solution implementation employing a systematic rationalizing process. Other researchers have found that managers do not necessarily follow a methodical process in problem solving (Denhardt, 1978; Mintzberg, 1973; Randsepp, 1981; Rowen, 1979). Carl Jung (1971) developed a theory of personality types that has been used to analyze problem-solving styles in several studies. Jung (1971) felt that an individual's view of a problem was affected by the manner in which that person perceives the world and assesses information. Some people stress their senses. To them, reality is only what can be seen, touched, or heard. Jung called this perception mode "sensation." Other people approach things on an intuitive basis. Such people see things in terms of the whole and may overlook the details. This perception mode Jung called "intuition." Thought processes are also classified into two modes. Those who are pragmatic, who emphasize ends rather than means, Jung classified as "thinking" types. Those who were more people-oriented, who stressed value systems, he classified as "feeling" types. Jung implied that two modes could be employed to think through problems and make decisions. The first was a methodical process in which individuals would proceed step by step through some established procedure in arriving at decisions. These people are characterized by a "judging" style of decision making. Others are more impulsive and decry plans and schedules, preferring to act on the spur of the moment. …


By expanding the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation of the Dirac equation near the free-particle solution it is shown that the Hamiltonian of the zeroth-order regular approximation (ZORA) leads to an infinite summation of the leading relativistic corrections to the free-particle, non-relativistic energy. The analysis of the perturbation expansion of the ZORA Hamiltonian reveals that the ZORA Hamiltonian recovers all terms of the Breit-Pauli theory to second order. This result is general and applies not only to hydrogen-like atomic ions (as was demonstrated before) but also to a wide variety of physical problems. ZORA is analogous to the random phase approximation in many-body theory in the sense that both methods include an infinite-order summation of the asymptotically non-vanishing terms. This highlights the difference between ZORA and the Douglas-Kroll method, with the latter being analogous to finite-order many-body perturbation theory. On the basis of this analysis the performance of ZORA when calculating various molecular properties is discussed.


Maritime transport is the driving force of global trade and is one of the fundamental activities of the blue economy. In the face of changes in globalisation, it must face technological changes. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the global commercial shipping fleet grew by three percent, in 2020 up to 99,800 vessels of 100 gross tons or more. One of the key drivers of technological change in the maritime industry is digitalisation. The digitalisation of shipping is a step towards making it more environmentally friendly and efficient. This will lead to significant cost savings and improve vessel efficiency, transparency, and market access. For the future development of the maritime industry, digitalisation, combined with environmental sustainability, is essential. Experts agree that the COVID -19 pandemic has created certain challenges but also opportunities by creating a great imbalance in the industry and accelerating the progress of digitalisation and innovation. The fourth industrial revolution is expected to have a significant impact on maritime transport.


The present invention provides a printing device and method with which it is possible to return to an original size easily when creating duplicates of printed matter. The printing device (1) includes an image processor (11) that performs image processing on an image to be printed and a printer (12) that takes the image that has undergone the image processing from the image processor (11) as input and prints the image. When printing of the image to be printed is executed by the printer (12), the image processor (11) incorporates magnification rate information into the image to be printed or the enlarged/reduced image of the image to be printed as the image processing and outputs the resulting image including the magnification rate information to the printer (12).


Abstract This paper looks at the history of oil and gas exploration in East Timor (Timor Leste). There are five distinct phases: the period 1893 to 1928, when small scale oil recovery operations were undertaken near Laclubar and Aliambata; the 1920's and 1930's, when Timor Oil and others were influenced by political events; the 1950's to mid 1970's, a phase in which Timor Oil was particularly active; the Indonesian period, in which exploration switched to the offshore, and the new era of Independence. In spite of the political perturbations, Timor Oil alone drilled over 20 onshore wells in the period 1911 to 1975, acquired marine data off the southern coast and conducted intensive field work over an extended period, the driver being the 30 or more oil and gas seeps known from the Permian and Mesozoic strata, from the Bobonaro Scaly Clay and from the Viqueque Formation and coastal alluvium. In the period subsequent to 1974 larger companies such as the Woodside-Burmah consortium, Adobe and others became involved as attention switched to the offshore. Presented at: 2005 South East Asia Petroleum Exploration Society (SEAPEX) Conference, Singapore, 2005


Results showed that ascorbic acid supplementation at first 3 weeks of age has no significant effects on calf health and hematological and biochemical parameters. It is highly likely that significant results would be obtained in colostrum-deprived calves or in stressful conditions.


ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) effect in gasohol E-10 and E-85 of X-70 experimental Ni-microalloyed steel, with different aging treatments (4–12 h at 600°C). The tension tests show that for all treatment periods, the samples tensile strength and elongation increase, with the largest increment exhibited by the samples undergoing 4 and 6 h of aging treatment. Microstructural analysis showed that the microstructure remains unchanged, the increase in tensile strength in the steel is directly related to the precipitation kinetics. The slow strain rate test (SSRT) shows that the steel under all conditions presents no susceptibility to SCC, thus reducing the area ranging from 83% to 90%, with predominantly ductile fractures. The results of the polarisation tests showed no signs of pitting corrosion, as well as a low corrosion rate for both media under study.


Management - Faith or Science. The Popularization of American Management Thinking : in: Stewardship, Brodd, S.-E.(ed.), Management Ehtics and Ecclesiology.