The objective of this paper is to develop a wearable circular UWB MIMO antenna array, consisting of four elements, that is capable of detecting and locating tumor cells within a heterogeneous breast phantom. The antenna element operates within a bandwidth from 2.4 GHz to 10.6 GHz when FR4 is used as the substrate, and extends from 2.57 GHz to 12.6 GHz when a Dacron fabric is used instead. The antenna is fabricated and measured, yielding highly similar results to the simulated outcomes. In the suggested detection system, one antenna is used for transmission, while the other antennas receive the transmitted signal. The employed antenna demonstrates gains of 5.49 dBi, 9.87 dBi, 11.9 dBi, and 14.7 dBi at resonant frequencies of 2.84 GHz, 3.87 GHz, 5.83 GHz, and 8.24 GHz, respectively, when a Dacron fabric is used as the substrate. Moreover, the proposed antenna exhibits a flexible shape with minimal vertical and horizontal bending effects across the entire operating frequency band. The antenna has a compact size of 42.85 × 42.85 mm2 and is printed on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a thickness of 1.6 mm for testing purposes. The S-parameters of the suggested system can effectively identify and precisely locate small tumors. Furthermore, the SAR findings indicate that the amount of power absorbed by the breast phantom tissues complies with the IEEE standards, thus confirming the suitability of the recommended antenna for the early detection and localization of breast cancer.


There is very little detailed investigation regarding the contributions of minority European languages to the multilingual sociolinguistic environment in seventeenth and eighteenth century Barbados. This paper traces the linguistic origins of the derogatory local white exonym ecky-becky in Barbadian English. Ecky-becky is one of several derogatory exonyms in Barbadian English that has been used to refer to the local, rural white population, traditionally found living in the Scotland District of the island. The form ecky-becky is shown to be the ethnographic product of multi-ethnic encounters within the emergent social structure of colonial Barbados. Linguistically, ecky-becky is analyzed as the application of Scots morphology to the West Indian Francophone root beke.


The genus Garcinia is the largest genus of the Guttiferae family which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. There are 64 species of Garcinia in Indonesia, one of which is Garcinia nigrolineata known as "Kandis keling". This plant is reported as a source of secondary metabolites like xanthones. Xanthones are known to have interesting activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antibacterial. This study aims to isolate xanthone compounds from stem bark of G. nigrolineata and determine their structures by using various spectroscopic methods. Samples were macerated with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extract was then separated and purified by chromatographic method to obtain pure C6e isolates. The C6e isolates were characterized using UV, IR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC and mass spectroscopy methods. The C6e isolates obtained were in the form of yellow oil as much as 5.6 mg. Based on the results of structural elucidation, the C6e isolates were xanthone compounds with the molecular formula of C19H18O6, namely dulxanthone A.


The utility model is an improvement of the existing prefabricated reinforcement and is characterized in that the two axial sides of the prefabricated stair are of beam structures; stair plates, treads and the two side beams form a whole U-shaped structure; the two ends of the two side beam structures are embedded with a steel-structure connecting and installing connector, which leads force on the treads of the stair and rest platforms to be born by the two side beams. Therefore, the utility model can greatly reduce the thickness of the stair plates and consumption of the reinforcement, not only can greatly reduce the weight of the prefabricated reinforced concrete stair, has high structural strength, can adopt a hollow structure, can reduce the weight of the reinforced concrete stair by about 50% compared with the plate structure by theoretically calculating the weight of the beam structure stair, but also provides structural guarantee for manufacturing large-span stairs. The steel-structure connecting and installing connector is directly connected with a building structure, has simple installation, has structural strength after the installation is finished, and can be used immediately after the installation is finished; the structural strength of the installing connector is high, the installing connector forms a strong node; and the prefabricated reinforced concrete stair has good shearing resistance, torsion resistance and shock resistance, has complete dismountability, and greens buildings.


Abstract The separation of enantiomers of underivatized ketoprofen, as well as a number of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, was studied by high performance liquid chromatography using a recently developed chiral stationary phase packed in a microbore column. Electrostatic and π-π interactions are assumed to control the retention of the analytes. The enantioselectivity remains constant in a wide range of organic modifier concentration, and is restricted to a pH window ranging from 2.5 to 5.0.


Exposure of certain gram-negative bacteria to cephalothin and observation by light microscopy revealed the formation of long filaments and large bodies (T. W. Chang and L. Weinstein, J. Bacteriol. 88:1790, 1964). The degree of morphological change was related to the concentration of cephalothin used. This paper describes some abnormal morphological forms of Proteus vulgaris produced upon exposure to cephalothin and studied by electron microscopy. To obtain morphological changes, filter paper discs saturated with 25 ,ug of cephalothin per ml (Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.) were placed on Trypticase Soy Agar (BBL) plates inoculated with P. vulgaris. After incubation at 37 C for 15 hr, zones containing abnormal morphological forms were cut from the plates. Fixation was according to the method of E. Kellenberger, A. Ryter, and J. Sechaud (J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 4:671, 1958). Specimens were embedded in Epon 812 (J. H. Luft, J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 9:409, 1961). Sections were cut on a PorterBlum MT-1 ultramicrotome, mounted on Formvar-coated copper specimen grids, and examined in an RCA-EMU-3G electron microscope. P. vulgaris grew in three distinct concentric zones. The zone immediately surrounding the cephalothin disc was clear and contained no cells. The next zone appeared cloudy and contained large bodies. The third zone contained heavy growth in which long filamentous forms were found. The area surrounding this zone contained normal cells. Electron microscopy of the long filamentous forms revealed no differences except in length between these forms and normal cells. The long forms (Fig. 1) attained lengths of over 20 times


ADE 500 INTRODUCTION TO ADULT EDUCATION 3, 3/0 Prerequisites: Graduate Standing. An exploration of the field of adult education as it exists today in a variety of formal and non-formal settings. The core elements of the discipline will be examined from past, present, and future trend perspectives. Topics covered include: evolution of the field, major providers and programs, teaching methods and planning approached, mini-teaching delivery, and review of the literature.


VDM and B are two "model-oriented" formal methods. Each gives a notation for the specification of systems as state machines in terms of a set of states with operations defined as relations on that set. Each has a notion of refinement of data and operations based on the principles of reduction of non-determinism and increase in definedness. This paper makes a comparison of the two notations through an example of a communications protocol previously formalised in [BA91 ]. Two abstractions and two reifications of the original specification are given. Particular attention is paid to three areas where the notations differ: to the use of postconditions that assume the invariant as opposed to postconditions that enforce it; to the explicit "framing" of operations as opposed to the "minimal frame" approach; and to the use of relational postconditions as opposed to generalised substitutions.


Abstract Every utility matrix in a Bayesian decision problem determines a "critical probability" for each of the states of nature: when a critical probability is exceeded, the assessment of the remaining probabilities is unnecessary and a simplified decision rule can be applied. Formulas are given to compute the critical probabilities from the utilities. The critical probabilities i) determine the decision, when one of them is exceeded; ii) serve as references for the Bayesian decisionmaker in assessing the probability values.


Based on the examples, this article stated the design and development of CAI course software. It made an inquiry into application of constructivism theory, Internet natural resources, and passed on the method of scripts edition on CAI software.


The PUVA regimen most frequently used to treat psoriasis in the United States is treatment three times per week, with the starting dose determined by skin type. Recent studies suggest that if the starting dose of UVA is instead based on the minimal phototoxic dose (MPD), treatment can be performed twice per week and clearing can be achieved in the same time as with the thrice-weekly regimen but with fewer treatments and a lower cumulative dose …


An annotated checklist of sea slugs from Gujarat coastal waters was prepared, based on published literature and field observations from 2014–2019.  Ninety-five species from 62 genera belonging to 29 families were recorded.  Species are listed with synonyms and distribution status.


Objective: To investigate the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGFβ1)and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) and the serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18 and the ultrastructure of hepatic fibrosis induced by the exposure of carbon tetrachloride(CCl 4)in rats.Methods:28 Wistar rats were randomly allocated into two study groups: normal group and model group-CCl 4 rats. The latter group was administered with CCl 4 solution to induce hepatic fibrosis. Rats were killed after 8 weeks. The expression of TGFβ1 and CTGF were detected by immunohistochemistry in liver tissue. The serum level of IL-6,IL-10 and IL-18 by ELISA, the liver ultrastructure was also examined by an electron microscopy.Results:Compared with the normal group, the expressions of TGFβ1 and CTGF in liver and the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-18 were increased and the serum level of IL-10 was decreased in the model group(P0.05 or P0.01). The ultrastructure changes of fibrosis was also remarkable in liver of the model group. Conclusion:TGFβ1, CTGF, IL-6,IL-10 and IL-18 were involved in the formation and development of hepatic fibrosis. The TGFβ1, CTGF, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-18 play key roles in liver fibrogensis. It maybe a new pathway for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.


The utility model relates to a high manganese steel frog with a special structure, which can avoid a harmful space in a high manganese steel frog. The frog comprises a high manganese steel frog, wherein a double-throat frog of the high manganese steel frog is symmetric about a center of the double-throat frog, and a reverse access turnout impact angle of the double-throat frog is zero degree. The frog provided by the utility model has the advantages that: 1, the distance of the harmful space in the frog is shortened, the smoothness of the frog is strengthened, the contact area of a wheel is enlarged, the wear to the frog can be relieved or slow down, and further, the whole service life of the frog and riding comfortableness can be improved; 2, the double throats are symmetric about the center of the frog, so that the traveling safety of a vehicle is ensured; 3, the reverse frog feed impact angle of the double-throat frog is reduced to zero degree, so that the turnout passing smoothness of the wheel can be increased; 4, the frog has a simple double-throat structure, is easy to forge and process; and 5, the double-throat structure of the frog can shorten the distance of the harmful space in the frog by about 1/2, and can strengthen the smoothness of the frog.


Summary form only given. Recently, monolithic mm-wave integrated circuits (MMICs) have experienced significant improvements in bandwidth. Extrapolation of measurements made with all-electronic equipment limited to frequencies below 120 GHz exhibit III-V semiconductor transistors to have maximum frequencies as high as 400 GHz. However, extrapolating measurements from lower frequencies is insufficient for accurate determination of the characteristics of an arbitrary passive or active element. Another frequent restriction of conventional measurement techniques is that the signal can only be probed at specially designed interfaces. With optical sampling techniques it is possible to detect electric fields with a high temporal and spatial resolution of 150 fs and 10 /spl mu/m, respectively, at any point within or outside the device. In this presentation we show the measurement of the spatial field distribution of an ultrashort electric pulse propagating at 200-/spl mu/m/ps velocity through a band-stop filter with a broad stop-band via electo-optic (EO) sampling.


Discussion of the mattet of war in the Old Testament is rather commonplace. The subject of peacemaking has received far less attention. The purpose of this article is to sketch out in a brief way some of the approaches to the interpretation of Old Testament texts that arc important for peacemaking. Peter Craigie's recent book entitled The Problem of War in the Old Testament contains a bit of interesting personal testimony. Craigie writes that in the curricula of theological colleges and seminaries, Old Testament studies of a foundational nature (history, grammar, and literary criticism) are often pursued without going beyond history and grammar to theological meaning. He continues:


One important class of state emission densities of the hiddenMarkov model (HMM) is the Gaussian mixture densities. The classical Baum-Welch algorithm often fails to reliably learn the Gaussian mixture densities when there is insufficient training data, due to the large number of free parameters present in the model. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy for robustly and accurately learning the Gaussian mixture state emission densities of the HMM. The strategy is based on an ensemble framework for probability density estimation in which the learning of the Gaussian mixture densities is formulated as a gradient descent search in a function space. The resulting learning algorithm is called "the boosting Baum-Welch algorithm." Our preliminary experiment results on emotion recognition from speech show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the original Baum-Welch algorithm on this task.


A method and an apparatus for processing a control message for a request of retransmission are provided. The method includes generating a First Missing Serial number (FMS) describing a serial number of a data unit having a lowest serial number among data units which are not received, determining whether a data unit having a serial number greater than the serial number described in the FMS exists due to an out of sequence among data units which are previously received, generating a bitmap indicating a reception of a plurality of data units having a serial number greater than the FMS, if a data unit which is out of sequence exists, and connecting and transmitting the FMS and the bitmap.


Problem of effective and safe treatment and prophylaxis of acute respiratory tract infections is one of the most topical problems in clinical pediatrics. In this article the possibility of usage in treatment of acute respiratory viral infections an immunostimulating drug with antiviral action — pranobex. The author describes mechanisms of combined immunomodulatory and antiviral action of this drug, shows data on its efficacy and tolerability in children. The demonstrated data of literature review and the results of the author's own studies evidenced that administration of inosine pranobex relieved symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection, prevent development of complications and restores the weakened immunity, allows decreasing of the requirements of other drugs and medicinal load to the organism. Characteristics of this drug widen the possibilities of pharmacotherapy of acute respiratory viral infections in children. Anaysis of publications on efficacy of this drug, as well as the author's own data allow to recommend inosine pranobex for treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in frequently ill children, patients with chronic diseases (including allergic disorders of the respiratory tract) and intercurrent acute respiratory tract infections.


The Advance Mirror Technology Development (AMTD) project is in Phase 2 of a multiyear effort, initiated in FY12, to mature by at least a half TRL step six critical technologies required to enable 4 meter or larger UVOIR space telescope primary mirror assemblies for both general astrophysics and ultra-high contrast observations of exoplanets. AMTD uses a science-driven systems engineering approach. We mature technologies required to enable the highest priority science AND provide a high-performance low-cost low-risk system. To give the science community options, we are pursuing multiple technology paths. A key task is deriving engineering specifications for advanced normal-incidence monolithic and segmented mirror systems needed to enable both general astrophysics and ultra-high contrast observations of exoplanets missions as a function of potential launch vehicles and their mass and volume constraints. A key finding of this effort is that the science requires an 8 meter or larger aperture telescope.


Polymer physics is a special physics,not just the relationship between structure and properties.It provides us the basic concepts to understand the structure and its behavior,but not the behavior itself.With this definition,we have to re-consider the methodology in giving this lecture.That is,the logic teaching instead of systematic teaching method should be employed.In so called logic teaching method,the lecture begins from a self-evident origin,and all the concepts and theories are derived from this starting point along a main thread.What follows must possess logic linkage with what precedes.For the polymer physics,the natural logic origin is the chain structure of polymer and the main thread is the entropic elasticity,which constitute the feature of polymeric substances differing from the small molecules substance.It is necessary to reform the lecture of polymer physics based on the two key points in order to smoothing the study of the students.


This article applies a series of index to evaluate property management benefit, so as to improve the service quality and economic effect of the property management enterprises.


The clarification and modeling of fresh concrete's rheological performance is basically needed for realizing the workability design of fresh concrete. In this study we investigated experimentally the shear deformation of cementitious materials in fresh state using a stress growth method, and discussed the effects of fluidity, vertical pressure, loading rate, maximum size of particle, and volume concentration of solid particle. Then, we proposed a deformation model to describe the free deformation property of fresh concrete under shear stress. As a result, fresh concrete's shear deformation would experience suspension state, visco-elsto-plastic state and shear failure state with increasing shear stress, ant it shows different features in different stress state due to particles' contacts and dilatancy. Also, the fluidity of specimen and the vertical pressure produce great effects on the shear strain/ rate-shear stress relationships.


The invention described herein relates to the use of an aqueous composition containing at least one phospholipid, at least one glycyrrhizinic acid or salts of glycyrrhizic acid for the preparation of medicaments for the removal of subcutaneous fat deposits.


THE purpose of this paper is to set out the steps which led to the first attempt to establish the standardization of tonometers in Great Britain, and to describe the method by which it is proposed that such standardization shall be achieved. Acknowledgment must here be made to those upon whose detailed preliminary work the present project is freely based, and many of whose techniques and ideas are incorporated herein. Of first importance in this connection is the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, whose Committee on Standardization of Tonometers has gone far to arrive at a solution of many of the problems involved. Dr. Jonas S. Friedenwald has placed the knowledge of this committee, of which he was chairman until succeeded by Dr. Kronfeld, at my disposal, and has, by his encouragement and ready help, done much to enable us to take a step towards the international standardization of tonometers.


Under the dual carbon target, it is a big problem for power grid enterprises to accurately invest and help the high-quality construction of new power systems. Under the situation of large-scale new energy grid connection, the grid investment strategy needs to be more reasonable and efficient. Therefore, this paper proposes a single project evaluation method of power grid based on combination weighting method, which provides a basis for the ranking of power grid projects, and also provides theoretical support for solving the investment decision-making problem of power grid single projects


Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor with an adverse prognosis in the central nervous system. Traditional histopathological diagnosis accompanied by subjective deviations cannot accurately reflect tumor characteristics for clinical guidance. DNA methylation plays a critical role in GBM genesis. The focus of this project was to identify an effective methylation point for the classification of gliomas, the interactions between DNA methylation and potential epigenetic targeted therapies for clinical treatments.


—This work presents a design and implementation an information system called LoRa-Building Energy Management System (Lo-BEMS). This research proposes an engaging data transmission (read and write), that combines the HTTP and MQTT protocols using third party broker that has monitor and control features for energy usages. Data retrieving uses single LoRa modulation and delivery to the Application Programming Interface (API) in Laravel Framework will then be stopped by the system and stored in the database. The development of this system uses the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method and the Laravel Frameworks. The black-box, UAT, and performance validation test results showed that the information system was running properly and following the objectives.


This study is devoted to the development and investigation of composite membrane materials for fuel cells. Proton conductive membranes consisting of silica and various low- and high-molecular organic compounds have been prepared by the sol-gel method. The synthesized membranes are characterized by proton conductivity (up to 10-2 S/cm), ion-exchange capacity (1.84-3.5 meq/g), thermal stability (260 – 400 °C), and tensile modulus (128 - 322 MPa).


Objective: To look for the complications of tracheostomy and factors correlated with presence of these complications at a tertiary care teaching hospital of Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: ENT department, Operation Theater, Emergency department and Critical Care Unit of Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital, Karachi Pakistan, from Apr to Oct 2019. Methodology: Sixty nine patients who underwent tracheostomy were included in the analysis. Final decision regarding offering the procedure of tracheostomy to the patient was made by consultant ENT specialist in liaison with the primary treating physician. Patients were assessed for the complications during the procedure, immediately after the procedure, 48 hours after the procedure and one week after the procedure. Results: Out of sixty nine patients included in the study, 8 (11.6%) patients underwent emergency tracheostomy while 61 (88.4%) underwent elective tracheostomy. Ten (14.5%) had undergone percutaneous procedure while 59 (85.5%) had undergone open surgical procedure. Hemorrhage was the commonest complication reported followed by dislodgement. With Pearson chi-square test, we found that increasing age (45 years) and emergency tracheostomy had strong association with the presence of complications among the patients undergoing tracheostomy. Conclusion: Tracheostomy emerged as a safe procedure with mostly minor self-limiting complications. Surgeon performing this procedure should be aware of these common complications and should give information care to the patients prior to the procedure. Patients who are elderly or undergoing emergency tracheostomy should be dealt with special care while doing this life saving procedure.


ABSTRACT Research on the perspectives of older African American stepgrandparents raising adolescent grandchildren is underdeveloped. This case study research uses a culturally sensitive conceptual framework to explore the experiences of one African American stepgrandmother raising adopted grandchildren. The participant was identified in a larger study of older grandparents raising adolescent grandchildren. An in-depth, face-to-face interview was conducted in a public place. The themes described by this older African stepgrandmother included (1) strong family ties overlaid with family conflict and emotional difficulties, (2) traditional philosophies of parenting and childrearing that conflicted with her spouse, (3) reliance on a constellation of support including her religious community, and (4) recommendations for improving resource development. The findings of this case study identify critical issues for this older African American stepgrandmother. Although the findings are not meant to generalize, social workers and other helping professionals can benefit from the increased knowledge gained from this stepgrandmother's experiences that can inform issues for exploration with similar caregivers.


The subject of this study is the agreement between the Franciscans and the City of Braniewo from April 28, 1301, regarding the changing of the location of the monastery which was hitherto known only from the study by Eugen Brachvogel. Leonhard Lemmens's register of sources on the history of the old Saxon province of the Franciscans and the Warmian Diplomatic Codex both fail to mention it. Today, the contents of the document are known from the copy drawn up at the end of the 16th century and currently stored in the Etats‑Ministerium collection in the Prussian Privy State Archives in Berlin‑Dahlem (Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz).
The document provides important information helpful in reconstructing the dispute between the city and the Franciscans as well as in identifying the subsequent locations of the monastery. The Franciscans came to Braniewo due to the activities of the Warmian bishop Henry I Fleming in 1296. Several years later, a conflict arose etween the monastery and the city. On April 14 in Elbląg and April 20, 1301, in Braniewo, negotiations were held to resolve the matter. According to the agreement, the Franciscans gave up a parcel in the city and in return received another one, located north from the city, near the river Pasleka. It was decided, moreover, that the city would build a gate and a bridge above the moat which would connect the monastery with the city.
The dispute between the city and the Franciscans also became the source of the legend about the allegedly illegal destruction of the monastery in the city by the citizens or the Teutonic Order. The 1301 agreement turned out to be short‑lived and only the third location of the monastery proved to be the final one. On February 20, 1330, it was confirmed that the Franciscan monastery was moved back to the city. This decision was made due to the danger it would pose if its edifices were seized by enemy forces attempting to storm the city


Asphalt flocculation in reservoir will clog the formation and production equipment.This paper describes the micro occurrence and mechanism of asphalt deposition in crude oil,introduces the concept of asphalt deposition envelop and the prevention measures and treatment method.This is a reference to asphalt deposition prevention and cleanout.


approved: Dr. Tony H.H. Chen The majority of tissue culture studies on Rhododendron have focused on micropropagation by the induction of axillary shoot growth. This type of shoot multiplication has high genetic stability since somaclonal variation is minimized. There has been no report concerning micropropagation of Vireya rhododendrons. In vitro propagation by adventitious shoot regeneration from somatic tissue offers a more efficient method for massive plant multiplication since a greater number of plants can be produced from a single explant. Furthermore, the ability to regenerate whole plants from somatic tissue is a fundamental prerequisite for applying modern gene transfer techniques to the genetic improvement of Rhododendron. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop an efficient micropropagation system for the hybrid R^ laetum x aurigeranum; and 2) to explore the feasibility of plant regeneration from somatic tissues of R^. laetum x aurigeranum and commercial cultivars of Rhododendron. To realize objective I, shoot tips taken from greenhouse grown plants were cultured on Anderson's medium supplemented with different combinations of IAA and 2iP concentrations. Optimal axillary shoot proliferation was observed after three months of culture in medium supplemented with 15 mg/1 2iP. After 6 months of culture, brown callus developed at the cut surfaces of the original explant. This callus produced a large number of adventitious shoots. Clumps of adventitious shoots that were divided and subcultured lead to greater shoot proliferation. In this study three types of shoot multiplication were observed in R^ laetum x aurigeranum; 1) multiple shoot formation from shoot tip culture (axillary shoots); 2) adventitious shoot formation from callus produced at the cut surfaces of the primary shoot tip explant; and 3) adventitious shoot regeneration from the base of individual shoots. We estimated a 137, 1600 and 7.8 fold increase in shoot number over six months for type 1, 2 and 3 shoot multiplication types respectively. Of these shoot forms, the second type was the most efficient for micropropagation of Ri. laetum x aurigeranum. In vitro rooting was accomplished by lowering the Anderson's medium to 1/4 ionic strength and by adding IAA (5 mg/1). Plants adapted well to the soil environment and did not show any visible morphological abnormality. Plant regeneration from different somatic tissues of R. laetum x auriaeranum was tested. The highest percent of regeneration was obtained from leaf strips and leaf sections cultured on Anderson's medium supplemented with 2 mg/1 IAA and 2 0 mg/1 2iP. The leaf strip explants required a long intermediary callus phase (6 months) before organogenesis occurred. When whole leaves devoid of petiole end were used, we found that shoot primordia differentiation could be accomplished in 2 months. Leaf strip explants of 10 commercial Rhododendron cultivars were cultured on Anderson's medium supplemented with various combinations of IAA and 2iP concentrations. Genotypic differences were observed in in vitro shoot regeneration. Among the 10 cultivars tested only three ('Ivory Coast', 'Joe Paterno and 'Lodestar') showed reproducible plant regeneration response. Ivory Coast gave the best results at 22.5% regeneration. This study demonstrates that adventitious shoot regeneration from callus induced at wound sites of shoot tip explants is the most efficient plant propagation method for Rj. laetum x auriaeranum. A system was developed for shoot regeneration from leaf explants of R^ laetum x auriaeranum. Plant regeneration was also accomplished from leaf strips of commercial Rhododendron cultivars. Micropropagation and In Vitro Plant Regeneration of Rhododendrons by Giovanni lapichino A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Completed April 24, 1990 Commencement June 1991


The thermodynamic models based on cluster of two and four atoms were considered to obtain the thermodynamic properties of liquid binary alloys. The four liquid alloys are candidates of homo-coordination / self-coordination. The values of chemical short range order, Concentration fluctuation and excess stability functions and the differences in models computed for Cu-Pb, Li-Mg, Cd-Ga and Bi-Cd binary liquid alloys are presented.


During the machine learning pipeline development, engineers need to validate the efficiency of the machine learning methods in order to assess the quality of the made forecast. Due to the wide deployment and implementation of the machine learning models and methods across monitoring systems, the actual scientific problem is the assessment of these methods in the monitoring systems. This research has concluded that the current standard metrics are not sufficient to get the accurate assessment for the used machine learning methods. This research has provided the new complex rating for anomaly detection regarding the use-cases of cloud monitoring systems. The main difference from the standard metrics is that the new approach includes better integration to the business processes, demanding resources, and a critical glance to the false-positive alerts. The new approach might be used in the model assessment in monitoring systems with the similar requirements: Cost-effective use of computing resources Low amount of false-positives Fast detection of anomalies Furthermore, the current research proposes new methods of computation capacity planning for different anomaly detection methods. These methods are not even limited to anomaly detection and could be used as a basis for developing capacity planning for other machine learning techniques and approaches. · Applied computing∼Operations research∼Forecasting · Computer systems organization∼Architectures∼Distributed architectures ∼Cloud computing∼Forecasting · Computing methodologies∼Machine learning


This paper describes the annotation process of an offensive language data set for Romanian on social media. To facilitate comparable multi-lingual research on offensive language, the annotation guidelines follow some of the recent annotation efforts for other languages. The final corpus contains 5000 micro-blogging posts annotated by a large number of volunteer annotators. The inter-annotator agreement and the initial automatic discrimination results we present are in line with earlier annotation efforts.


One part of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH)-deficient patients may benefit from tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) therapy instead or in addition to the low-protein diet. Diagnosis of BH4-responsiveness is usually done through the newborn screening for PKU, followed by a BH4 loading test. More than 60 specific mutations in the PAH gene, presenting with a substantial residual activity, were identified in BH4-responsive patients. However, there is no accurate correlation between genotype and BH4-responsiveness. The aim of our study was to provide more information on predictive value of BH4-responsive mutations in Croatian PAH-deficient population. We predicted BH4-responsiveness (> 30% blood phenylalanine reduction within 24 hours) in all individuals with at least one mutation expressing in vitro substantial residual activity (>10%). From a group of 127 patients, 62 were selected (based only on the genotype) as potentially BH4- responsive and 39 were loaded with BH4 (20 mg/kg). The overall frequency of BH4-responsiveness was 36% (14 out of 39 patients with 23 different genotypes), significantly less than expected. The most common BH4- responsive genotypes (p.E390G/p.R408W and p.P281L/p.E390G) were corresponding for >30% residual PAH activity. Analysis of predicted relative PAH activities of recombinantly expressed mutant alleles revealed a significant difference (p<0.002) between BH4-responders and non-responders. This study reveals the importance of a full genotype (instead of just a single responsive mutation) for the prediction of BH4-responsiveness. With exception of the p.E390G mutation, single allele mutations are not reliable for the selection of potential BH4-responsive individuals. It seems that a substantial residual PAH activity resulting from a combination of both alleles is needed to predict BH4-responsiveness in PKU patients.


The current literature review provides an analysis of fundamental studies on the −2proPSA index and prostate health index PHI and determination of their role in patients with prostate cancer. The authors revealed the basic aspects of the studied markers such as the improvement of prostate cancer detection, increase of specificity and reduction of unnecessary biopsies, identification of aggressive forms of prostate cancer, as well as the usage of the indicators to measure the progression of the disease. The results of numerous studies, including preliminary results of Russian studies on new indicators, are promising and for today allow us to recommend the use of the test to determine the values of −2proPSA Index and prostate health PHI in daily urological practice.


We use a suite of high-resolution cosmological dwarf galaxy simulations to test the accuracy of commonly used mass estimators from Walker et al. (2009) and Wolf et al. (2010), both of which depend on the observed line-of-sight velocity dispersion and the 2D half-light radius of the galaxy, Re . The simulations are part of the Feedback in Realistic Environments (fire) project and include 12 systems with stellar masses spanning 105-107M⊙ that have structural and kinematic properties similar to those of observed dispersion-supported dwarfs. Both estimators are found to be quite accurate: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>Wolf</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>∕</mml:mo> <mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>true</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup><mml:mn>0.98</mml:mn> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.12</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.19</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>Walker</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>∕</mml:mo> <mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>true</mml:mtext></mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup><mml:mn>1.07</mml:mn> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.15</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.21</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , with errors reflecting the 68 per cent range over all simulations. The excellent performance of these estimators is remarkable given that they each assume spherical symmetry, a supposition that is broken in our simulated galaxies. Though our dwarfs have negligible rotation support, their 3D stellar distributions are flattened, with short-to-long axis ratios c/a ≃ 0.4-0.7. The median accuracy of the estimators shows no trend with asphericity. Our simulated galaxies have sphericalized stellar profiles in 3D that follow a nearly universal form, one that transitions from a core at small radius to a steep fall-off ∝r -42 at large r; they are well fit by Sérsic profiles in projection. We find that the most important empirical quantity affecting mass estimator accuracy is Re . Determining Re by an analytic fit to the surface density profile produces a better estimated mass than if the half-light radius is determined via direct summation.


While there is considerable buzz about self-driving cars, self-driving boats are actually more fully developed. The Boat Hardware Control Platform Team was tasked with developing a fleet of small autonomous boats that travel to a destination while avoiding obstacles and staying in formation. The author's specific task was to develop software used by the boats to detect obstacles and plan a route to a destination. This was done using a method inspired by self-driving cars, which shows promise, but is still being tested at the time of writing. The entire project incorporated model-based systems engineering, which proved to be useful.


Objective To retrospectively analyze the direct cause of death due to liver diseases, and to provide epidemiological data for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. Methods Data of 1890 patients who died from liver diseases during 2002 to 2012 in 302 Hospital of PLA was retrospectively reviewed and statistically analyzed, including age, gender, etiology, death causes and complications in these patients. Results The main etiologies of liver diseases in patients who died were chronic hepatitis B virus infection (1170 cases, 61.9%), alcohol abuse (149 cases, 7.9%) and chronic hepatitis C virus infection (116 cases, 6.1%). The main direct death causes of patients with liver diseases were cerebral edema (656 cases, 34.7%), hemorrhagic shock (598 cases, 31.6%) and hepatorenal syndrome (224 cases, 11.9%). When the patients who died were classified according to the degree of liver function failure, namely acute/subacute liver failure (ALF/SALF), acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), chronic liver failure (CLF), and decompensated cirrhosis without liver failure, patients in the former three groups died mainly of hepatic encephalopathy-cerebral edema (49.5%, 43.4% and 40.8% respectively), while patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis died mainly of hemorrhagic shock (41.8%). Conclusion The main etiology of liver diseases leading to death is chronic hepatitis B virus infection, alcohol abuse and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. The direct death causes for liver diseases are cerebral edema, hemorrhagic shock and hepatorenal syndrome.

 DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2014.05.13


In this paper, we prove that result on graceful labeling of path and symmetrical trees are graceful graphs. We also prove that result on φgraceful labeling of paths, flower graph, friendship graph.


Based on the continuous improvement characteristics of PDCA cycle, this paper preliminarily constructs the training circulatory for enterprise employees. In accordance with the four phases of the PDCA cycle, four modules including training planning, training implementation, training evaluation, and training improvement were set up for the system. At the same time, in order to achieve the precise goal of enterprise training, the employee personas database was established and employee personas were applied to the training circulatory to improve the quality of staff training.


Background: Classic and reverse Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) have been shown to be effective for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (by classic PAO), severe acetabular retroversion (by reverse PAO), and some protrusio acetabuli (by reverse PAO). Especially in severe cases with higher degrees of correction, a relevant overlap between the osteotomized fragment and the pelvis might occur, leading to necessary fragment translation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the necessary translation as a function of the degree of correction using a statistical mean model of the pelvis according to the technique (classic PAO or reverse PAO). Methods: A mean statistical shape model of the pelvis and 2 extreme models were used to simulate rotation of the osteotomized fragment during a classic or reverse PAO and to calculate rotations from −20° to 20° in the frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes and a combination thereof. The depth and volume of the intersection between the mobilized fragment and the pelvis were calculated, and the minimum translation of the fragment necessary to avoid segment overlap was determined. Results: The maximum intersection distances between the pelvis and the 20° rotated fragment were 6.7 and 15.3 mm for adduction and abduction (frontal plane), 6.4 and 4.5 mm for internal and external rotation (transverse plane), and 27.8 and 9.2 mm for extension and flexion (sagittal plane). The necessary translations for 20° of fragment rotation were 7.0 and 12.8 mm for adduction and abduction (frontal plane), 4.8 and 5.0 mm for internal and external rotation (transverse plane), and 18.5 mm and 8.8 mm for extension and flexion (sagittal plane). Conclusions: Acetabular reorientation with the classic or reverse PAO results in translation of the fragment and in a consequent change in the rotational center. This finding is more pronounced with higher degrees of fragment reorientation in abduction and extension; it becomes especially pronounced in reverse PAO for acetabular retroversion or protrusio acetabuli, and might limit the ability to achieve the intended improvement in overall hip biomechanics.


The progress of modern military camouflage coating is discussed,and the principles of kinds of camouflage coating are introduced too.Then the development trend of camouflage coating in the future is pointed out.


General composition,main characteristic,outstanding superiority and recent research progress of metallocene catalysts are introduced.Some olefin polymers synthesized by metallocene catalysis technology such as polyethylene(PE),polypropylene(PP), syndiotactic polystyrene(sPS),metallocene cycloolefin polymer,metallocene ethylene-propylene rubber,metallocene ethylene-octene copolymer and so on are described in detail.Those metallocene polymer posses better properties and wider application fileds than that of traditional polymers. Syntheses of these materials which are prepared difficultly by traditional catalyst are easy by metallocene catalysis technology.Metallocene catalysts are replacing traditional catalysts in syntheses of olefin polymers.Metallocene catalysts are very rapidly increasing in the world, and have wide application and market prospects.


[Objective]To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension of urban and rural residents over the age of 40 in Hebei Province,to provide the scientific basis for relevant interventions.[Methods]A stratified sampling method was used to select 100 residents over the age of 40 from urban and rural areas(each 50 residents)in 11 cities in Hebei Province as subjects,the blood pressure measurement and hypertension risk factors questionnaire were conducted.[Results]Among the 1 035 qualified subjects,the prevalence rate of hypertension was 43.2%,and urban and rural,age,gender,BMI,parental hypertension,eating habit,vegetables and fruit,smoking,excessive drinking,marital status had relationship with hypertension,the difference was statistically significant(P﹤0.05 or P﹤0.01).[Conclusion]Over 40 years old residents in Hebei Province have high prevalence of hypertension,risk factors are very complex.The health education should be strengthened,developed health model for the prevention and control of hypertension.


While legislation exist to regulate urban development, there is unfortunately a wide spread disrespect of the urban environmental policies which could stem the host of challenges that could impair human wellbeing and livelihoods of the urban dwellers. This paper examines the non implementation of the urban environmental laws using the Anthropic Interference Model (AIM) which posit that human interference with the drainage channel within city environments accounts for increased flood frequencies and flood magnitudes. The study for Buea, a highland town and Limbe, a low coastal city shows that there is an incredible degree of human interference with the existing drainage systems which is the results of the urban flood hazards, the unhealthy wet environments and the urban aesthetic blight. In view of these prevailing conditions, the paper recommends a strong sensitization of the urban population on the need to respect the legislation enforced as a move toward the building of sustainable cities. Apart from the raising of public awareness, there should be a strict application of the law in which the demolition of structures that contravene the law should serve as a deterrent to future non compliance. This would be an effective measure for parting with the long standing urban environmental Laissez-faire that has plagued our Cameroonian towns.


The article presents conceptual approaches to the formation of the concept of regional competitiveness. A critical analysis of existing interpretations of this concept is conducted. The concept of «regional competitiveness», which is the methodological basis for the regional studies of competitiveness, is disclosed.


The development of bridge design in Malaysia has experienced several changes in its approaches. Bridge inspection identifies the current conditions and the problems in the bridge but seismic vulnerability identifies the expected potential of seismic hazards of a bridge due to lateral seismic forces. The influences and effects of the Sumatran earthquakes toward Malaysian bridges need revised in term of earthquake loading and some modifications and amendments are required for the current code of practice. This paper revealed that the effect from Sumatran earthquakes towards Malaysian bridges is still questionable and a proper site-inspection together with post-earthquake inspections is required to carry immediately. The National Guidelines for Bridge Inspection needs to implement proper schedule with trained and experienced staff for these exercise. Fortunately, the two Penang bridges were designed and considered the seismic loading and taken as examples to highlight the effect of long-distant earthquakes from Sumatra. Both bridges are used almost similar site-specific earthquake response spectra for return periods of 475 years in their designing.


The purpose of this project is to find out if it will be beneficial to implement Multi-Echelon Optimisation(MEO) at Scania Parts Logistics (SL). SL is the department at Scania that is responsible for the spare parts distribution. The IT-system used for planning at SL is currently being replaced. Even though the new system, Spare Parts Management (SPM), can perform MEO it was decided not to use it during the initial roll out. SL however wants to know if they should implement MEO in the future.

The project is performed with a deductive approach; the aim is to validate how the theory works in practice. The intention was to prove that MEO will be beneficial for SL to use by comparing the three different scenarios:
1. The old planning system
2. The new planning system, SPM, with standard settings
3. SPM with MEO activated
For scenario 1 existing data was gathered from different sources at SL. This scenario was included to be able to validate the outcomes from the new system; since it was the first time anyone at Scania used SPM. For scenario 2 and 3, data regarding the spare parts was gathered and inserted into SPM. SPM was then run, in order to receive results that could be used for comparison.

It was not possible to analyse the entire assortment, which consists of more than 100 000 parts, in the scope of this project. Instead a group of parts that could represent the complete assortment was chosen. SL had divided the assortment into different segments, according to an ABC-classification based on part cost and part demand. These segments were used to find the parts to analyse: a few parts from each segment, about 50 parts in total.

The first analysis compared scenario 1 and 2, in order to see that SPM generated realistic results. It was quickly found that it did not; after performing a data validation, several parameters and settings needed to be adjusted in order to get accurate results. The old planning system has many limitations and uses quite simple methods to calculate forecasts and safety stock. With the new planning system, the expectations were to get more accurate results. Findings showed that the change in forecasts and safety stock levels differed from part to part: the levels both increased and decreased.

Similar findings where made when comparing scenarios 2 and 3, the difference varied highly between parts. With such a high variation of results, it was not possible to state any conclusions based on these numbers alone. However, with MEO the average safety stock levels at Scania Parts Center (SPC), the central warehouse in Belgium, decreased by about 3%. At the seven Regional Warehouses (RW's) located around Europe, several parts were removed from stock.

Average inventory levels were compared between scenario 1 and 3. It was shown that the average inventory levels at SPC decreased by 25%, while at the RW's the levels increased. This kind of result is also supported by the theory of MEO.

The RW's only deliver emergency orders, orders that should be delivered within 24 hours. All orders to refill stock are delivered straight from the central warehouse, SPC. The theory of MEO however, is based on regional warehouses supplying all types of orders. Therefore there is a risk of using MEO at the regional warehouses because the effects of MEO at such installations are not known. SL's intention is to soon include a larger part of the distribution system in SPM. If this was to happen, the effects of using MEO will likely become greater.

The conclusion was that further analysis is needed before deciding whether to implement MEO. The initial focus should be on making the standard version of SPM work as desired. When that is achieved, further evaluation of MEO can be carried out. Firstly, the entire assortment should be analysed in order to get figures that can be trusted. Alternatively, a better segmentation should be done to find more general parts to represent the assortment. Secondly, SL needs to consider if the RW's should be included in the scope of MEO. If not, the recommendation will be to wait with implementing MEO until more nodes are included in SPM. Then the benefits of using MEO will likely exceed the cost of resources required to implement it.


the orientational range" [9]. Scanning declined significantly in 45% of the sample, culminating in complete disappearance of this effect in some cells following sombrevine action. Scanning intensified in 30%, while dynamics of tuning remained unchanged in 25% of units. Sombrevine administration induced change in the preferred stimulus orientation of 60% of the neurons (referred to as "unstable" cells) and remained constant in "stable '~ cells (= 40%). Dynamic changes in preferred stimulus orientation were 2.5 times as high as those of stable cells in the waking state. The scanning effect declined significantly in 60% of "unstable" neurons under the action of anesthesia and remained unchanged in not more than 6%. At the same time, orientational tuning did not alter in the "stable" cell group in 46% of units, either declining (25%) or increasing (29%) in the remaining scanning ranges.


A two-dimensional problem for a thermoelastic thick plate is considered within the context of the theory of generalized thermoelastic diffusion with one relaxation time. The upper surface of the thick plate is taken to be traction free and heated by a laser beam. The chemical potential is also assumed to be a known function of time on the bounding plane. The lower surface is taken to be in contact with a rigid surface and is thermally insulated and impermeable. Laplace and Fourier transform techniques are used. The solution in the transformed domain is obtained by a direct approach. Numerical inversion techniques are used to obtain the inverse double transforms; numerical results are discussed and represented graphically.


: "Mineral deposit model", "deposit modelling" are the terms commonly used, although imprecise. This is often identified as the application of computerized methods to the elaboration and presentation of geological infor-mation, in particular for the mining design. Deposit modelling is the mode of presentation of deposit features, which in the meaning of the authors of such presentation, describes the deposit features between the points of observations as best as possible. Deposit modelling has a long history (XVI-XVII centuries), however such a term was not used. Varied methods of cartographic presentation of deposits and their features were proposed. The progress in the presentation of the deposit in space using isolines maps has led to the separation of methods of deposits geometrisation. Over time, a simple mathematical statistics method was used to describe the deposit parameters, followed by geostatistical methods. Some of them were however not commonly used as too troublesome. The computer based approach to the presentation of geological data has an unquestionable value but is ac- companied by the possibility of inappropriate formalized and erroneous interpretations and a presentation as to whether the basic rules of geological knowledge were neglected. Deposits modeling is a conceptual task and cannot be fully automated.


Functionally graded square and rectangular plates of different thicknesses placed on the elastic foundation modeled according to the Winkler-Pasternak theory have been studied. The thermal and mechanical characteristics, apart from Poisson's ratio, are considered to continuously differ through the thickness of the studied material as stated in a power-law distribution. A mathematical model of functionally graded plate which include interaction with elastic foundation is defined. The equilibrium and stability equations are derived using high order shear deformation theory that comprises various kinds of shape function and the von Karman nonlinearity. A new analytically integrable shape function has been introduced. Hamilton's principle has been applied with the purpose of acquiring the equations of motion. An analytical method for identifying both natural frequencies and critical buckling temperature for cases of linear and nonlinear temperature change through the plate thickness has been established. In order to verify the derived theoretical results on numerical examples, an original program code has been implemented within software MATLAB. Critical buckling temperature and natural frequencies findings are shown below. Previous scientific research and papers confirms that presented both the theoretical formulation and the numerical results are accurate. The comparison has been made between newly established findings based on introduced shape function and the old findings that include 13 different shape functions available in previously published articles. The final part of the research provides analysis and conclusions related to the impact of the power-law index, foundation stiffness, and temperature gradient on critical buckling temperature and natural frequencies of the functionally graded plates.


On the basis of development trend of industry clusters and industry chain theory,this paper analyzes and proves that industry clusters and industry chain are equipped with the basic network pattern according to Hakansson and Snehota's network model.Applying network as a coupling interface,this paper builds coupling model of relations with industry cluster and industry chain.


Due to an example indicated to us in September 2009 we have to add one more restriction to the suppositions on the imprimitivity bimodules treated in Proposition 4.1, Theorem 5.1, Theorem 6.2 and Proposition 6.3. In the situation when the Banach-Saks property holds for the imprimitivity bimodule we can describe all possible additional examples violating the newly invented supposition. So the classification of Hilbert C -modules with the Banach-Saks property is complete. Beyond that, there is still an open problem for a certain class of imprimitivity bimodules with the weak or uniform weak Banach-Saks property which might violate the additional condition.


Slave-making ants might exert strong pressure on their host populations by pillaging their nests and sometimes destroying the whole colonies. Consequently, host ants have evolved many adaptations reducing the probability of being attacked, resisting an assault or, as a last line of defence, minimising the losses associated with a successful slave-maker invasion. This paper presents the results of a study on a common Palearctic ant species, Formica fusca, which falls victim to slave raids organised by the congeneric F. sanguinea. Slave-making ants were placed close to the nest entrance of the host ants, and the subsequent instances of aggression were recorded. The study was carried out in the context of the influence of the dominant competitor by selecting host colonies located within and outside the territory of the wood ants (F. rufa and F. polyctena). This approach enabled the potential co-evolutionary interplay among three species performing different roles in mutual ecological interactions. The F. fusca ants reacted with aggression to the slave-making ants but not to the dominant competitors. Moreover, the avoidance of the aggression of host ants toward wood ants entails an environment-induced component, besides the presumably inherited one. The impact of the dominant competitor as a territory holder manifests itself in the reduced promptness of F. fusca ants to defend their colonies against slave-makers. The results suggest that this effect is mediated by the negative impact of wood ants on F. fusca colony size.


In view of the fact that the input of water and fertilizer is large; the output is low; and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of various elements is low in China's agricultural production, this paper discusses the outstanding advantages of water and fertilizer integration technology in water saving, fertilizer saving, improving the output and quality of agricultural products, reducing the occurrence of diseases and pests and reducing agricultural pollution, which is the key technology to change the current agricultural development status. In particular, the development, application and promotion of intelligent water and fertilizer integration technology is a new model and technical way to improve the traditional agricultural management mode and promote the development of modern agriculture in China, which can effectively support the rapid development of modern agriculture. In this paper, the development and application of the current technology of water and fertilizer integration, and the existing defects and deficiencies are summarized, and the development direction and key technologies of the technology and equipment are pointed out.


The support of excavation is an important support way in construction of railway tunnel and mining engineering.Reducing shotcrete dust density and the rate of rebound is important to improve the working environment,the quality of shotcrete and enhance the safety of construction.We selected 175,185,220,262,355 mT magnetic induction intensity and studied the effect of magnetized water shotcrete dust density and the rate of rebound,also studied the reason of the phenomenon.The result states that the 220 mT is the best magnetic induction intensity to reduce the shotcrete dust density and the rate of rebound.So substituting magnetized water for common water,we reduce the dust density by 65% and rebound by 39.5%.


Image is one of the most important strategic tools for creating and sustaining tourist destinations,yet images related to tourist perceptions of particular regions or countries have been taken somewhat for granted in tourism marketing.A destination image consists of all beliefs,ideas and impressions that a tourist holds of a destination.It is composed of two primary dimensions: cognitive and affective.The cognitive component includes beliefs and knowledge about the physical attributes of a destination,while the affective component refers to the affective quality of feelings towards those attributes.The image of a tourism destination is a symbol,and it can adopt scripts or images designed to express the concept of the tourism destination.This study analyzes correlation between symbols and tourism destination image for Shaanxi.Using data from a survey questionnaire,we find that "terracotta warriors and horses" is the most popular image linked to Shaanxi tourism,and "Qin Huang Han Wu,Sheng Shi Chang An," a tourism promotion slogan,is the best written symbol.We conducted a metaphor correlation analysis between the visual symbol of the Shaanxi tourism image and the written symbol.The result suggests that the visual symbol is positively correlated to the written symbol(correlation coefficient 0.145),and the formation of the visual symbol of Shaanxi tourism is positively correlated to the symbol metaphor(correlation coefficient 0.240).The formation of the written symbol is also positively correlated to the symbol metaphor of this script(correlation coefficient 0.127).With the secondary examination of the data sorted by respondent characteristics,these three positive correlations are supported.The detailed results suggest that male cognition and imagination stimulated by the physical image and script of the destination is higher than females,and individuals with an educational background in social sciences are higher than those with a background in natural sciences in terms of cognition and imagination of the physical image and script.In conclusion,we discuss gaps in this study and future research directions.


On September 6, 2007, rough waves with a significant wave height of 6 m and wave period of 14 s due to typhoon 0709 attacked the Shonan coast. After the wave attack, scarp was formed in an extensive area of the coast, where beach nourishment has been carried out. Many surfing grounds on the Shonan coast, where is famous at surfing, were damaged by this wave attack. These damages in terms of coastal protection and surfing were investigated through the comparison of the shoreline changes and changes in longitudinal profiles as well as the analysis of the wave information for the surfers. As a result, although the shoreline was kept intact, bar formation was confirmed due to offshore sand transport. It was found that the surfing grounds were significantly affected by this offshore sand movement, but the total sand volume in the zone shallower than the depth of closure (9m below the mean sea level) was maintained.


This study examined how interest rates affect the profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study was based on country aggregate level annual data that covered a period of thirteen years 1999 to 2012 and made use of multivariate regression analysis under an econometric framework. The Augmented Dickey and Fuller unit root test results indicate that the series are either I(0), I(1) or I(2) stationary. The estimated results show that Maximum lending rate, Real Interest rate and Savings deposit rate have negative and significant effects on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks as measured by return on assets at the 5% level of significance. Also, the study found that Real interest rate at the 8% level of significance has negative and significant relationship with Return on Equity of money deposit banks in Nigeria. On the other hand, the study found no significant relationship between interest rate variables and Net Interest Margin of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The implication of the findings of this study suggests that the profitability of the banking sector is a function of changing interest rates. The study therefore recommends that government should adopt monetary policies that will help Nigerian deposit money banks to improve on their profitability and there is need to review and strengthen bank lending rate policies through effective and efficient regulation and supervisory framework. Banks can improve their profitability through charging moderate lending rates as against maximum rates as their circumstances may allow. Furthermore, the managers of money deposit banks are expected to create the conditions for an efficient banking system devoid of information asymmetry to adapt to changing macroeconomic variables of interest rates and inflation. Banks' management must efficiently manage their portfolios in order to protect the long run interest of profit-making.


PRRSV enters pigs through skin breaks or at mucosal surfaces and infects macrophages and dendritic cells. It replicates over a period of hours and exits the cell. Within a day it has infected macrophages throughout the body, especially in the lung and lymph nodes. During this time the pig is largely unaware that it has been infected. The innate immune response is slow and weak, The anti-PRRSV effector adaptive immune response, i.e. antibodies and cytotoxic T cells, are slow to develop. Thus a long viremia of a month or so occurs, followed by a prolonged persistent infection in lymph nodes. The load of virus reaches peak levels in about a week and diminishes steadily. Most of the virus is eliminated before neutralizing antibodies are detected, and in animals lacking an effective T cell response. The mechanism of viral elimination may involve a reduction in the abundance of permissive macrophages. The prolonged period of viremia and extended persistent infection of lymph nodes increases opportunities for transmission and establishment of endemic infection of herds with continuous flow management. Pigs that are infected once are largely resistant to reinfection. There is little or no viremia and little or no change in antibody titers. At the individual pig level, attenuated PRRSV vaccines grow in pigs, induce antibody responses, and substantially or completely prevent infection by field viruses. The great genetic variation in PRRSV allows for situations in which previous exposure to field or vaccine PRRSV does not completely protect against reinfection. Incomplete immunity to rechallenge is common for many pathogens and hosts, such as influenza virus in swine, humans and chickens. For PRRSV in swine, incomplete immunity may be sufficient to block disease spread or it may not be sufficient. The outcome is influenced by herd size, by the specific viruses that are present in the herd, and by management practices. At present it is not possible to predict the level of protection that will be afforded by one PRRSV against another based on genetic similarity or other factors, and experimental comparisons generally show that previous exposure to one virus produces a high level of protection against re-challenge by a variety of unrelated viruses. Improved diagnostics for quantitative assessment of viral load and differentiation of antibody response to vaccines versus field viruses will be helpful determining the effectiveness of control and elimination programs, and the virological and immunological status of herds. Improved diagnostics, combined with a better understanding of PRRSV interactions with its host, will help to control PRRS.


A finite element thermal model is devised to capture the transient temperatures in the workpiece in drilling. Experimental observations along with an inverse heat conduction procedure is utilized in identifying the strength of the heat fluxes from the three distinct regions of the drill (drill body, cutting lips and chisel edge) at various process conditions in both wet and dry conditions with coated and uncoated drills. The identified heat fluxes along with a calibration scheme are used in predicting the transient temperatures in the workpiece in both dry and wet conditions. The model demonstrates the ability to predict the temperatures within 20 percent of the measured temperature rise.


This document specifies the methodology for measuring equivalent sound pressure levels in octave frequency bands (in dB rel. 20 μPa), equivalent and maximum A-corrected sound levels (in dB rel. to 20 μPa), generated in the rolling stock in the driver's
cabins and in the passenger rooms of the salons, using acoustic meters - multifunctional analyzers Ecophysics, noise and vibration
meters, spectrum analyzers Ecophysics 110A, Oktava 110A Eco, Oktava 110A, Oktava 111, B&K 2250, 2250L, 2270, noise and vibration
analyzers ASSISTANT, noise and vibration meters, digital spectrum analyzers Algorithm-05, SVAN979. This methodology is applicable
for noise measurements in the driver's cabins and in the passenger rooms of the rolling stock of both new and old models operated by
the underground railway.


Objective To discuss the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis( CAS) and peripheral white blood cell,differential count of peripheral white blood cell,C-reactive protein( CRP) in the elderly. Methods The data of carotid,laboratory detection,indices of anthropometry and bone mineral density of 192 elderly people were collected,and then were compared between the patients with CAS and those without CAS. Results The general prevalence rate of CAS of the elderly was 61. 98%. Between CAS group and non-CAS group,there was statistical difference( P 0. 05) in age, pulse pressure( PP),white blood cell( WBC) count,neutrophil( N) count,CRP,low density lipoprotein( LDL-C), fasting blood glucose( FBG) and osteoporosis. Age,LDL-C,FBG and neutrophil( N) count were independent risk factors showed by Logistic regression analysis. Conclusions The inflammatory markers such as WBC count,N count and CRP might help to predict CAS in clinic.


Title of Document: CALORIC CONTENT OF BERING AND CHUKCHI SEA BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES Lisa Marie Wilt, M.S., 2012 Directed By: Dr. Jacqueline Grebmeier Marine, Estuarine, and Environmental Sciences Extensive seasonal sea ice reduction has highlighte d t e need to evaluate the status and potential long term changes of highly productive be nthic communities in the Pacific Arctic Region. Walrus that use sea ice to access offshore feeding areas are now being forced to haul out on land for part of the year, re quiring them to forage for benthic prey from closer to shore. To explore this energetic pro blem, I conducted a caloric survey of benthic invertebrates, and evaluated relationships between caloric content and environmental variables. Latitude was the stronges t non-taxonomic dependency for caloric content (ANOVA p=0.003 with taxon dependenc i s, p<0.001 without). Cluster analysis revealed caloric densities were higher in offshore, high nutrient Bering Sea Anadyr Water, and lower in nearshore, low nutrient Alaska Coastal Water. An evaluation of preservation techniques indicated for malin fixation increased infaunal caloric content (p<0.001), suggesting caution while converting traditional benthic population studies to caloric values. CALORIC CONTENT OF BERING AND CHUKCHI SEA BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES


Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is frequent in the elderly and is in a continuum with dementia in a significant amount of people. Both insomnia and increased cortisol levels have been suggested as risk factors for MCI. The goal of this study was to examine whether activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as measured by plasma cortisol levels, is associated with the insomnia with short sleep duration (ISS) phenotype, as measured by actigraphy, in elderly with MCI.

 A sub-sample of 109 subjects with MCI and 92 cognitively non-impaired controls 60 years or older (75.37±6.54y) was recruited from a population-based cohort residing on Crete, Greece. Subjects underwent medical history, physical examination, neuropsychiatric evaluation, neuropsychological testing, 3-day 24-h actigraphy, assessment of subjective insomnia symptoms (i.e., difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep), and a morning blood draw to assay for plasma cortisol levels. The ISS phenotype was defined by the presence of at least one insomnia symptom and an actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency below the median of the entire sample (i.e., ≤81%). Group differences in plasma cortisol levels between MCI subjects with and without the ISS phenotype were tested using ANCOVA adjusting for age, gender, BMI and depression.

 Subjects with MCI had higher cortisol levels compared to controls (105.34±9.34 vs. 70.3±10.02 nmol/L, p<0.05). Subjects with MCI and the ISS phenotype (138.38±16.57 nmol/L) had significantly higher cortisol levels compared to those without insomnia (97.74±19.68 nmol/L) or those with insomnia and normal sleep duration (INS; 79.97±16.02 nmol/L, p=0.044). The association between the ISS phenotype and cortisol levels was modified by amnestic symptoms (p-interaction=0.079); commensurate, the ISS phenotype was associated with higher cortisol levels among the amnestic MCI subgroup (INS: 79.12±21.93 vs. ISS: 155.55±20.40 nmol/L, p=0.040), but not among the non-amnestic MCI subgroup (INS: 64.06±23.62 vs. ISS: 89.33±29.00 nmol/L, p=0.559).

 The ISS phenotype is associated with increased cortisol levels in elderly with MCI, particularly those with amnestic type. Improving sleep quality, decreasing cortisol levels and lengthening sleep duration may slow down the progression of these individuals into dementia.

 National Strategic Reference Framework(NSRF), Program: THALES entitled "UOC-Multidisciplinary network for the study of Alzheimer's Disease" Grant Cod:MIS 377299


ABSTRACT The single kernel characterization system (SKCS) has been widely used in the wheat industry, and SKCS parameters have been linked to end-use quality in wheat. The SKCS has promise as a tool for evaluating sorghum grain quality. However, the SKCS was designed to analyze wheat, which has a different kernel structure from sorghum. To gain a better understanding of the meaning of SKCS predictions for grain sorghum, individual sorghum grains were measured for length, width, thickness (diameter), and weight by laboratory methods and by the SKCS. SKCS predictions for kernel weight and thickness were highly correlated to laboratory measurements. However, SKCS predictions for kernel thickness were underestimated by ≈20%. The SKCS moisture prediction for sorghum was evaluated by tempering seven samples with varying hardness values to four moisture levels. The moisture contents predicted by SKCS were compared with a standard oven method and, while correlated, SKCS moisture predictions were less than moistur...


The invention relates to a metal plate, in particular to a hot-rolled pickled plate used for an automobile structure. According to the technical scheme, the hot-rolled pickled plate used for the automobile structure comprises, in proportion, 0.04%-0.11% of C, 0.4%-1.12% of Mn, 0.02%-0.05% of Al, 0.006%-0.011% of Nb, 0%-0.05% of Si, 0%-0.01% of P, 0%-0.004% of S, 0%-0.004% of N and the balance Fe. According to the hot-rolled pickled plate used for the automobile structure provided by the invention, a certain amount of the Mn and the Nb are added into low-carbon steel, the strength is improved through solid solution strengthening of the elements of the C and the Mn and refined crystalline strengthening of the element Nb, and the good punching property and the good welding property are maintained while the strength is improved, so that the good strength and the good plastic equilibrium are presented.


A metal-free and straightforward protocol for the synthesis of phenols from aryl and heteroaryl boronic acids has been demonstrated using graphene oxide as a carbocatalyst. This sustainable ipso-hy...


Numerous attempts have been made to increase the efficiency of clinical studies, but the productivity of clinical development remains low. This article describes an organization's journey to enhance clinical program design, with a focus on decision-making so the right questions are asked and answered to support key decisions during development. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals developed and implemented a structured approach to the design of clinical development programs, in which dedicated design teams linked the target product claims transparently to study objectives, endpoints and scheduled assessments. A software suite (the "Workbench") and a competence development program further backed the clinical trial design framework. Adoption of the key principles among design teams was good and some improvement in the logical flow of clinical design decisions was observed. While better design quality, less complexity of trial design, and fewer amendments were observed two years after implementation in 2011, the organization also recognized additional improvement needs, such as nimble, transparent decision-making, clear decision rights, and a flexible approach to design across high-level product strategy and clinical study protocols.


This study focuses on the capability of helicopters within an irregular context. The helicopter is often unacknowledged or even omitted in COIN theories, which is a great shortcoming. This study pr ...


The in-vehicle controller area network (CAN) bus is one of the essential components for autonomous vehicles, and its safety will be one of the greatest challenges in the field of intelligent vehicles in the future. In this paper, we propose a novel system that uses a deep neural network (DNN) to detect anomalous CAN bus messages. We treat anomaly detection as a cross-domain modelling problem, in which three CAN bus data packets as a group are directly imported into the DNN architecture for parallel training with shared weights. After that, three data packets are represented as three independent feature vectors, which corresponds to three different types of data sequences, namely anchor, positive and negative. The proposed DNN architecture is an embedded triplet loss network that optimizes the distance between the anchor example and the positive example, makes it smaller than the distance between the anchor example and the negative example, and realizes the similarity calculation of samples, which were originally used in face detection. Compared to traditional anomaly detection methods, the proposed method to learn the parameters with shared-weight could improve detection efficiency and detection accuracy. The whole detection system is composed of the front-end and the back-end, which correspond to deep network and triplet loss network, respectively, and are trainable in an end-to-end fashion. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technology can make real-time responses to anomalies and attacks to the CAN bus, and significantly improve the detection ratio. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed method is the first used for anomaly detection in the in-vehicle CAN bus.


If X is any nonempty set on n ≥ 2 elements we define the set graph Gn to be the graph whose vertices are the 2 − 2 proper subsets of X with two vertices adjacent if and only if their underlying sets are disjoint. We discuss some properties of Gn. In particular we find its clique partition number and its product dimension. We also give bounds for its representation number. We use standard graph theory terminology as given in [13]. A family of subsets S1, S2, . . . of a set S gives a graph in a natural way if we use these sets as vertices and let SiSj for i 6= j be an edge if and only if the corresponding subsets have a nonempty intersection. In [12], Marczewski has established the converse, i.e. for any graph G there is a set S, such that a family of its subsets defines G according to the above description. Erdős, Goodman and Posa in [1] have remarked that one may replace the idea of a nonempty intersection with disjointness of the subsets since the same would then imply Marczewski's theorem for G. They have then determined the minimum number of elements in the set S for an arbitrary G. The same problem for a given G can be studied from the viewpoint of intersection number of a graph (see [13]), or coprime index of a graph (see [5]). Hence the graph whose vertices are subsets of an n-set with two vertices adjacent ∗Corresponding author.


The research introduced career anchor theory to explicit career orientation and career development for the undergraduates in the cost engineering and apply all kinds of career anchor types to the cost engineering industry, and also analysis career anchor types which can be used to measure the professional talents in cost engineering; At the same time test the accuracy and rationality of the career anchor types by empirical investigation and obtain the types of employment organizations and the path of career development suitable for undergraduates through the combination of theory and practice. The paper has significance on students' employment and career development, also has certain inspiration function to the education workers.


There are many state-of-the-art Brain Computer Interface (BCI) classification algorithms designed to perform well when applied to signals acquired using electroencephalography (EEG). EEG has the advantage of being non-invasive in nature, easy to use, and effective in capturing signals in the mu (7-13 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) bands during motor imagery tasks. However, EEG recordings are more susceptible to movement artifacts and capture a lower frequency of neural activity when compared with invasive techniques such as electrocorticography (ECoG) or intracranial EEG (iEEG). In this paper, we analyze the performance of four different EEG motor imagery classification algorithms (both classical machine learning methods and deep learning-based methods) on a two-hand motor imagery task using both EEG and iEEG data sets. Using various feature visualization techniques, we provide insight into why deep learning-based classifiers designed to learn features end-to-end may perform better than the classical machine learning-based models. We also showed on average iEEG-based motor imagery BCIs, using our iEEG data set, do not perform as well as EEG-based BCIs. This work provides a starting point for the implementation of BCI applications using iEEG data.


Temporal aliasing errors resulting from the undersampling of non-tidal atmospheric as well as oceanic mass variations constitute the largest limitation towards the retrieval of monthly gravity solutions based on GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite gravity missions. Their mitigation is thus a primary goal of current research. Unfortunately, the two-step co-parametrization approach proposed for application in Bender-type gravity retrieval scenario in Wiese et al. (2011) yields no added value for a single satellite pair. A detailed study of this parametrization strategy is carried out and it is shown that the reason for this is the flawed central assumption of the proposed method, i.e. that signals of different spatial wavelengths can be perfectly captured and separated with respect to their temporal extent. Based on this finding, we derive a multi-step self-de-aliasing approach (DMD) which aims to rectify the shortcoming of the Wiese et al. (2011) method specifically for the single-pair case while retaining its independence from background-model-based de-aliasing of non-tidal atmosphere and ocean (AO) signal components. The functionality and added value of this novel approach is validated within a set of numerical closed-loop simulations as well as in real GRACE and GRACE-FO data processing. The simulation results show that the DMD may improve the gravity retrieval performance in the high-degree spectrum by more than one order of magnitude if one aims to retrieve the full AOHIS (i.e., atmosphere, ocean, hydrology, ice, solid earth) signal, and by at least a factor 5 if a priori AO de-aliasing is applied. Simultaneously, the DMD is shown to degrade the retrieval of the low degrees, but it is also demonstrated that this issue can be mitigated by introducing a constraint into the processing scheme. The simulation results are widely confirmed by results obtained from applying the DMD to real GRACE/GRACE-FO data of the test years 2007, 2014 and 2019. The applicability of the DMD is further shown for Bender-type gravity retrieval. It is demonstrated that in case of a double-pair-based gravity retrieval this approach is at least equivalent to the Wiese et al. (2011) method.


This paper reports a method for producing α-Al2O3 at low temperature, which uses a seeding technique. White precipitate of aluminum hydroxide, which was prepared with a homogeneous precipitation method using aluminum nitrate and urea in aqueous solution, was peptized by using acetic acid at room temperature and then transformed to a transparent alumina sol. To the alumina sol α-Al2O3 particles were added as a seed, and then the sol containing α-Al2O3 particles was transformed to an α-Al2O3-seeded alumina gel by drying the sol at room temperature. The nonseeded alumina gel was amorphous or fine crystallites even after being annealed at 600°C and was crystallized to γ-Al2O3 at 700°C. The α-Al2O3 seeding promoted crystallization of alumina gel to α-Al2O3. The promotion of crystallization was made remarkable with a decrease in α-Al2O3 particle size and an increase in α-Al2O3 particle content in weight for the final seeded alumina gel. With an α-Al2O3 particle size of 150 nm and an α-Al2O3 particle content of 5%, the seeded alumina gel was partially crystallized to α-Al2O3 by annealing at a temperature as low as 700°C and mostly at 900°C.


Magnesium orthovanadate crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmca with a = 6.053(3), b = 11.442(6), c = 8.330(3) A, and Z = 4. The structure was refined by full matrix least square methods to a final R value of 0.047 using 1697 reflections measured by a quarter circle General Electric automatic diffractometer. The structure was assumed to be isomorphous with that of Ni3(VO4)2, reported by Durif and Bertaut (2), and the refinement started using the same fractional atomic coordinates. The structure consists of nearly cubic closest packing of oxygen atom layers roughly normal to the direction with the Mg ions in two types of octahedral sites and the V ion in a tetrahedral site. The VO4 group has a crystallographic mirror plane. The cations lying on sites of Cm symmetry show an average Mg—O bond length of 2.092 A, compared to 2.098 A for cations lying at sites of C2h symmetry. The anion deviates significantly and substantially from regularity with the three oxygen atoms shared with only two cations sh...


Introduction Scholars and practitioners have long been concerned about the quantity and quality of elementary science teaching and have sought ways to support elementary science education. In part, this longstanding concern stems from the failure of elementary science education to have secured a prominent or permanent place throughout elementary schools across the United States, having "not yet made the shift from passing trend to accepted regular practice" (Century, Rudnick, & Freeman, 2008, p. 31). More recently, there has been increased pressure for the support of elementary science education in response to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). In part, the increased pressure to support elementary science education is due to the erosion of instructional time spent on science that results as elementary schools concentrate on NCLB's math and reading accountability measures (Center for Education Policy, 2006, 2008; Griffith & Scharmann, 2008; Hamilton & Berends, 2006). Given that NCLB has "placed science on the backburner in the face of other curricular demands" (Levy, Pasquale, & Marco, 2008, p. 3), there is a compelling need for science supports that serve as a bulwark to such erosion of instructional time. Conversely, an increased need for strong elementary science supports stems from NCLB's 2007 requirement for standardized science tests with publicized results. Some advocates hope that this feature of NCLB will refocus attention on science education (Marx & Harris, 2006). Moreover, NCLB encourages the alignment of elementary curriculum and instruction with state science standards and the use of standardized test data to inform instructional improvements at every grade level, which creates a need for a district-wide approach to science curriculum management. We have come to understand, particularly within the last decade, that the local school district is an important context for supporting policy implementation and instructional reform (Marsh, 2002; Marsh, et al., 2005). Although research has revealed ways that districts support science in general (Gamoran, et al., 2003; Spillane, 2004; Spillane, et al., 2002), very few studies have shed light on the ways that districts support science programs specific to elementary schools. This is particularly concerning given research that suggests that "to be fully effective, reform efforts must begin in elementary school" (Levy, et. al., 2008, p. 3). The dearth of research on ways that districts can support elementary science education exists despite a multitude of models to be found throughout the thousands of school districts that teach elementary school science. Districts play a key role in supporting elementary science education by bringing in additional expertise or by strengthening existing expertise. This is an especially critical strategy, because most elementary school teachers are generalists who teach all subjects, have little or no training in science, and who frequently have a "tendency...to prefer non-science subjects" (Levy, et al., 2008 p. 3). One way that school districts deliver science teaching expertise to elementary schools is by employing science specialists. These specialists Christopher L. Miller


A comprehensive model for the recrystallization kinetics is proposed which incorporates both microstructure and the textural components in the deformed state. The model is based on the single-grain approach proposed previously. The influence of the as-deformed grain orientation, which affects the stored energy via subgrain size and sub-boundary misorientation, is taken into account. The effects of the deformed grain geometry, the nucleation-site density, and the initial grain size prior to deformation on the recrystallization kinetics are assessed. The model is applied to the recrystallization kinetics of a cold-rolled AA1050 alloy.


In this study two different extraction systems for the isolation of nucleic acid from animal tissue and meat products are compared. The method using a column is similar to other commercially available kits and suitable for the isolation of nucleic acid from processed products with only low amounts of nucleic acid. Because of the fact that the columns are very expensive an alternative method without column is presented. Both extraction systems lead to comparable results concerning yield, reproducibility and purity. Applying this system it is possible to isolate very low amounts of nucleic acid in meat products. The obtained nucleic acid extracts are ready to use for PCR without additional purification steps and are stable for several weeks at -18°C.


Internationalization is defined as a process of integrating an international, intercultural, or global dimension into the teaching and learning of education.  International co-authorship in research article is one of the means of collaboration towards internationalization.  This paper investigates the impact of international co-authorship in the field of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) for a specialised young university (<50 years old).  The study focused on approximately 9450 articles and the citations ranging from 2012-2017.  The impact due to annual article publication, annual citation count, most cited article, annual citation per article and the correlation between the publication and citation were analysed. The finding shows that faculty members of the university have been collaborated with authors from 86 countries since 1997, which dominated by Asian institutions.  Amongst, top 30 countries with highest international co-authored publications were identified, which led by Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, India, United Kingdom and Japan.  Further in detail, annual citation per article (Cpp) showed that collaborations with European countries e.g. Spain, Netherlands, and Hungry, resulting greater mean Cpp.  On the other hand, the analysis on the cumulative citation trend illustrated that the citation count is proportional to the number of articles.  This study evinced that international co-authorship does show positive impacts to a STEM specialised young university.


With high-speed,large-capacity storage system design,DDR2 SDRAM offers a more cost-effective solution for designers.The implementation of DDR2 SDRAM controller with FPGA lowered the power consumption,which also shorten the development cycle and reduced the system development costs.The principle of DDR2 controller implemented in Xilinx Spartan-3A serials FPGA and how to complete it with MIG software tools.The test results are given.


Ovulation in the armadillo was followed by an increase in the plasma level of progesterone to 10 ng/ml. The plasma concentration of progesterone decreased to approximatley 5 ng/ml during the 3 1/2 mo of delayed implantation and then increased to approximately 20 ng/ml for the 4 1/2 mo period of gestation.


We propose a novel approach to functional regression based on the transferable belief model, a variant of the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. This method uses reference vectors for computing a belief structure that quantifies the uncertainty attached to the prediction of the target data, given the input data. The procedure may be implemented in a neural network with specific architecture and adaptive weights. It allows to compute an imprecise assessment of the target data in the form of lower and upper expectations. The width of this interval reflects the partial indeterminacy of the prediction resulting from the relative scarcity of training data.


In this paper we consider a problem related to questions of optimal circuit layout: Given a graph or network, how can we embed it in a planar surface so as to minimize the number of edge-crossings? We show that this problem is NP-complete, and hence there is not likely to be any efficient way to design an optimal embedding.