Abstract INTRODUCTION IN A previous study (Chung et al., 1966) delayed heterologous bone marrow and thymus transplantation resulted in decreased stearic acid content and increased palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acid content in liver tissues of pigeons. Irradiation has been known to decrease palmitic acid and to decrease polyunsaturated fatty acids (Hansen et al., 1965; Notario et al., 1965). To further explain these fatty acid changes we attempted to study the fatty acid changes in the liver lipid fractions of pigeons after lethal-dose radiation and delayed heterologous bone marrow, thymus, and spleen transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-inbred sexually mature pigeons, 6–10 months of age, and descendants from the White King colony were purchased commercially. Each bird was exposed to 2,500 rads total-body roentgen irradiation with a cobalt-60 radiation source at the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Medical Center. Dose response curves were established previously (Shaw and Vermund, 1961) and showed that . . .


To enable a consistent model chain from depth conversion to flow simulation, an integrated approach to reservoir modeling is required. The objective of our work has been to develop and demonstrate an integrated work flow, where the following models steps are involved; structural modeling, building of the geological and simulation grids, facies and petrophysical modeling, up-scaling, segmentation, well modeling, flow simulation, and seismic forward modeling. The basic idea is to have a model chain which is updateable, consistent, and repeatable. In our integrated model work flow, model updating and uncertainty modeling are treated as an integrated process. The essential concept is that the uncertainty is represented by an ensemble of realizations that are updateable. The modeling work flow is developed and demonstrated on a structural complex North Sea full field application. Especially, we have focused on the structural model building; i.e. how to make it fast and updateable, and how to include uncertainties.


Reaction of [Ni(acac)2(H2O)2] with benzotriazole (Hbta) in acetone–n-hexane yields the pentanuclear nickel complex [Ni5(OH)(bta)5(acac)4(H2O)4]1; the novel structure of this compound is described, together with the results of magnetic susceptibility studies which indicate antiferromagnetic coupling between the nickel(II) ions within the complex.


The humidifier is a key component in the humid air gas turbine.An experimental study of the thermal performance is conducted for a pressurized humidifier filled with a novel SiC foam ceramic structured packing.This study analyzes the effect of operation pressure,water-air mass ratio on the humidification process.On this basis,a dimensionless correlation,which can predict the off-design of the humidifier,is obtained by dealing with experimental data.It is shown that with an increase in the operation pressure,there will be a decrease in the outlet moisture and total heat transfer,but an increase in the outlet air temperature.With an increase in the water-air mass ratio,there will be a decrease in the mass transfer unit height,but an increase in the volume mass transfer coefficient and volume heat transfer coefficient.


Captive reproduction is one of the problems faced in aquaculture requiring the manipulation of environmental factors and/or hormonal treatment. Thus, we seek to verify experimentally which gonadal changes were present in mature individuals of Astyanax altiparanae arising from decreased water level. Collections were made every four hours, initiated four hours before and finished 28 hours after stimulation, at the Fish Farming Station of Companhia Energetica de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The gonads were analyzed by light microscopy. The females had ovaries in the spawning capable phase until 12h; in 16h, in a more advanced stage of spawning capable phase; and, from 20h, in the regressing phase. Males had testes in the spawning capable phase until 8h; in 12h, in a more advanced stage of spawning capable phase; and, from 16h, the return to the spawning capable phase. The morphological description was corroborated by the proportion of cell classes. Females presented variation on the gonadosomatic index, but it was not found an emptying of the gonad for neither sex. The process of inducing reproduction with water level drawdown was considered satisfactory, since both sexes presented a reduction in the number of mature gametes at the end of the sample period.


Liquidity has a potential impact on the investment strategies and financing strategies which can affect or be affected by the risk perspective. The thesis aims to establish linkage between liquidity and three risk-related issues in the finance literature. First, we inspect the impact of market liquidity on feedback trading. Our results suggest that the market liquidity should be included in the feedback traders' demand function for shares in East Asian stock markets. We then analyse the listed US firms to test the impact financial flexibility on firm's corporate social responsibility. We find a negative relationship between financial flexibility and CSR, which indicates that the two are substitutes to each other in hedging financing risk. Furthermore, we find the negative relationship between financial flexibility and CSR is affected by both CEO conservatism and the lifecycle stage of a firm. Finally, we investigate the impact of CEO inside debt compensation on the adjustment speed of cash holding of the listed US firms. We find that the CEOs with high inside debt compensation accelerate the adjustment of cash holding when the actual cash ratio is below target while decelerating the adjustment speed of cash holding when there is excess cash.


A space Z is said to have the complete invariance property (CIP) provided that every nonempty closed subset of Z is the fixed point set of some continuous self-mapping of Z. In this paper it is shown that there exists a one-dimensional contractible planar continuum having CIP whose wedge with itself at a specified point is contractible, planar, and does not have CIP.


China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is blessing for Pakistan and China. China and Pakistan have best political relations. CPEC is going to boost up the economic relations between both countries. China's participation in the development of Gwadar Port took the international attention. Planning the development of Gwadar port becomes an important content of CPEC. This way Gwadar port has entered into a new development period. Due to their potential impact on the strategic pattern of the Indian Ocean and because of its strategic importance, there is international repercussion, also have other difficulties such as cost, security issues in Pakistan and Power crises and other issues. This paper attempts to explain the challenges, due to security issues, culture difference, energy and political crises in Pakistan, conflict in Baluchistan, and external pressure. Finally, this paper discusses some specific measures of barriers, solutions and suggestions. CPEC will be a game changer on the regional canvas and is expected to bring prosperity and improve quality of life in general to the region and in particular to Pakistan. There is a dire need to take on board all the regional and global players by addressing their concerns for early establishment of CPEC.


Over 1,000 scientific and technical articles, specifically chosen for their relevance to transportation fires, were incorporated into a searchable bibliography. A searchable database was developed which incorporates the title, authors, source, publication year, associated keywords and, in many cases, an abstract for the citation. The database provides a mechanism to search the incorporated transportation fire safety literature for articles containing specific information. Transportation fire safety information that is reported in the scientific literature encompasses: the causes, propagation, severity and extinguishment of fires in passenger carriers, as well as, the flammability characteristics of the fuels and materials used in such vehicles. The advantage of this software package is that one can quickly locate scientific literature associated with a particular transportation fire topic (eg the radiant heat flux from a hydrocarbon pool fire or the critical heat flux required for the ignition of polypropylene). This is accomplished by searching the keywords that were selected for each citation. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E102514.


Fig. S2. Effect of RTS on ROS production, NADPH oxidase activity, and SOD activity in MC3T3-E1 and POC cells. (A) Pretreatment with RTS (300 μg/ml, 12h) significantly suppressed ROS release induced by H2O2 (400 μM, 1 h). (B) Effect of RTS on H2O2-stimulated NADPH oxidase. (C) Effect of RTS on H2O2-suppressed SOD activity. P < 0.01, P < 0.05 vs. control; **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 vs. H2O2. (Values are the mean ± SD., n=4).


In 2005 the Brazilian government supported many research consortia in order to develop an advanced digital television system employing the most recent technologies for multimedia broadcasting. One of the proposals for the physical layer of this system was entitled innovative modulation for the Brazilian digital TV system (MI-SBTVD). The MI-SBTVD project includes high performance error correcting codes, transmit spatial diversity and multi-carrier modulation. The focus of this paper is two-fold. First, we look at the transmit diversity scheme, which combines Alamouti coding and OFDM modulation. We then discuss the channel estimation algorithm that has been implemented in the proposed system. Pilot subcarriers are inserted among data subcarriers, and both unidimensional and bidimensional linear interpolation at the receiver are considered. Computer simulation results, using typical digital TV channels, show that the proposed scheme is able to perform close to the case of a perfectly known channel at the receiver


Developments in data streams, coupled with the growth in mobile and pervasive devices, have led to the emergence of Ubiquitous Data Mining (UDM). UDM aims to perform data stream mining in a ubiquitous environment with resource-constrained and/or mobile devices. Over the past few years, stream mining techniques have attracted the attention of the data mining community. However these techniques have not addressed the problems imposed by applying the mining technique in a ubiquitous environment. Algorithm Output Granularity (AOG) has been proposed as a generic approach to enable resource-awareness in data stream mining through adaptation. AOG has been applied to lightweight mining techniques and proved its efficiency. Due to the generality of the approach, we propose to apply AOG to an efficient stream clustering technique: Very Fast K-Means (VFKM). It is an extension of K-Means for data stream clustering. VFKM is able to deal with continuous data rather than a static dataset. In this paper, we propose and develop a resource-aware version of Very Fast K-Means to enable its operation for UDM applications. Our model for Resource-Aware Very Fast K-Means (RA-VFKM) is able to adapt to variations in memory availability on mobile devices. We have experimentally demonstrated that such an adaptation enables our RA-VFKM to converge and provide results in situations (such as critically low available memory) where VFKM tends to result in an execution failure.


Zolendronic acid is a potent bisphosphonate that is used to treat patients with metastatic cancer by reducing bone pain and preventing skeletal complications of bone metastasis. We reported the case of a lady suffering from metastatic breast cancer who developed seizures secondary to severe hypocalcaemia after being treated with Zolendronic acid. Hypocalcaemia was unresponsive to treatment until vitamin D and magnesium deficiencies were corrected. This case highlights the importance of taking serum magnesium and vitamin D levels in patients presenting with resistant hypocalcaemia following bisphosphonate administration, especially in those with underlying bone malignancy.


This article introduces a four-field model of mindfulness training and discusses its implications for health. Through the pioneering work of Kabat-Zinn and others, a vast amount of research has bee ...


The presence of psychiatric illness among patients with physical illnesses leads to poor treatment adherence, poor lifestyle, increased cost of treatment, poor quality of life, worsening of physical illness, work absenteeism, increased hospital visits, poor self-care and higher mortality. The study evaluated the prevalence of cognitive impairment and psychiatric morbidity in non-communicable disease patients. The study highlights that NCD patients should be provided information about the development of cognitive impairment in order to prevent it.

 It was a cross-sectional study conducted among the patients attending the non-communicable disease clinic of a rural community health centre run in collaboration with the Postgraduate Institute Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh. We registered 124 patients after obtaining written informed consent. Instruments: Hindi Mental Status Examination (HMSE), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. Analysis of covariance was applied to see the relationship between the domain of the HMSE and NCDs.

 The mean age of the participants was 55.5 years (SD-11.9, Range-26-90). A little more than one third (N = 48, 38.7%) were diagnosed with hypertension only, one-sixth (N = 22; 17.7%) were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus only, and 54 (43.5%) patients were diagnosed with both hypertension and diabetes mellitus. A slightly more than one-third of the study participants were diagnosed with depressive disorder (N = 44, 35.5%), and 29% (N = 36) of the participants were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. About one-fourth of patients with NCD have cognitive impairment and 39.51% have psychiatric morbidity.

 The prevalence of cognitive impairment is higher among patients of NCD with psychiatric morbidity. Patients with NCDs should be routinely screened for cognitive functioning and provided information about the development of cognitive impairment.

 Because of high prevalence of cognitive impairment and psychiatric morbidity in NCD patients, patients should be provided information to prevent it. There is a need to screen NCD patients routinely for cognitive functioning, and provide them information to prevent cognitive impairment.


Irish-language vernacular verse history proved adaptable throughout the eighteenth century to take account both of new reverses, and of opportunities presented by revolutionary developments in North America, in France, and in Ireland. The oral and the written records were interlinked because manuscript copyists aided memory. Themes from the Irish oral tradition also resurfaced in English-language print form or in political speeches by Daniel O'Connell. Similarly in the Protestant experience narratives composed in the seventeenth century by such as Temple entered into Protestant vernacular culture because they were regularly regurgitated in sermons. When Musgrave composed a Protestant narrative of the 1798 rebellion he could therefore allude to Catholic proclivity to rebel knowing that this was a trope in Protestant oral culture. Musgrave could also dovetail the occurrences of 1798 with Temple's narrative on 1641 and thus make it comprehensible for his audience.


Women's opinions and welfare are not adequately represented and often disregarded. Even though female populations are increasing in every country, it did not automatically make it a strong reason for them to represent themselves in politics or any governance structure. The equality to take part in the public field and voice out their opinions is always underestimated by some parties with misunderstanding religious statements. By this problem, this article aims to see the statistics of women's participation in politics, their roles, and the barriers found then discuss an ideal model of women's participation from Siyāsa al-Shar`iyya's perspective. By using an inductive and analytical method to examine several sources from books, articles, and journals, and after that draw the conclusion that the country has provided an equal right for all citizens. It is in harmony with Islam that perceives the equality of all servants without any ethnic and gender differences. Women's involvement in politics aims to ensure a good representation of their aspirations. The available barriers did not come from religious factors but from a patriarchal system that is well embedded in the society as a culture.


The performance of a multimodal evolutionary algorithm is highly sensitive to the setting of population size. This paper introduces a generic archive technique to reduce the importance of properly setting the population size parameter. The proposed archive technique contains two components: subpopulation identification and convergence detection. The first component is used to identify subpopulations in a number of individuals while the second one is used to determine whether a subpopulation is converged. By using the two components, converged subpopulations are identified, and then, individuals in the converged subpopulations are stored in an external archive and re-initialized to search for other optima. We integrate the archive technique with several state-of-the-art PSO-based multimodal algorithms. Experiments are carried out on a recently proposed multimodal problem set to investigate the effect of the archive technique. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the influence of the population size parameter and improve the performance of multimodal algorithms.


The paper proposes design plan of inherent defects insurance system against buildings(IDISAB) suiting for the condition of China,which requires clients to purchase damage insurance against inherent defects,put third party technical inspection into force,and exposes the inferior porjects compulsorily.After compensating for loss of building's owner,the insurer could subrogate clients to demand repayment from responsible builders.


This study investigates the effects of U.S. mass media on three major dimensions of Thai society: life-styles, social problems, and value conflict. One hundred questionnaires were distributed to Thai students in the U.S., and sixtyeight were returned. Results reveal the U.S. mass media variously affect Thai lifestyle, social problems, and value conflict, in that order of importance. Further, female and male respondents view the effects similarly in all of the three dimensions. Length of stay of the students in the U.S. also affects their perceptions of social problems, but not their perceptions of life-styles and value conflict. TV and video are perceived as the U.S. media that most affect Thai society and the respondents themselves. Detailed discussions and recommendations for future research are included.


In the primitively eusocial wasps, especially Polistini and Mischocyttarini tribes, the physiological condition of each individual is strongly associated with its dominance status in the colonial hierarchy. As a rule, in independent-founding wasps, female wasps are all morphologically alike, and their role is apparently quite flexible even as adults. However, some studies have shown that differences in body size can exist between reproductive and non-reproductive females. Thus, the present study aimed at detecting differences between reproductive (inseminated) and non-reproductive (uninseminated) individuals based on morphological and physiological parameters. We tape-recorded the daily behavioural repertory of six colonies of Mischocyttarus cassununga for determining the hierarchical dominance in the field, and then collected these colonies (in different cycle stages) for measuring 13 set characters, and assessing the physiological condition of each individual by inspecting their fat bodies and ovaries. Our results revealed that inseminated and uninseminated females are not significantly different in relation to body size, in spite of first group shows higher average than second in almost all measured parts. The physiological evaluation of each individual demonstrated more than one inseminated female per colony during all stages of the colony cycle, suggesting a strategic condition of this species against difficulties (predation and parasitism of the colony) in nature.


The clinical, hematologic, and cytogenetic findings are described in a patient who developed clinical and hematologic features of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) after a three-year period of observation with unexplained thrombocytopenia. Five months before the diagnosis of AML she developed hepatosplenomegaly and a lupus-like syndrome. At this time she was also found to have trisomy 21 in all bone marrow cells studied, in addition to trisomy 8 in a few cells. The finding of trisomy 21 in all of the bone marrow cells examined could reflect a nonrandom alteration in the leukemic stem line or it might indicate that mosaic patients with trisomy 21 cells in their bone marrow share the increased risk of AML that has been documented for trisomy 21 patients.


Reverse CAMP test was evaluated for the rapid identification of Clostridium welchii from a total of 760 clinical specimens. There was a good correlation between reverse CAMP and Nagler reaction. As it gives correct result directly from the specimen even within 6 hours of incubation, this test is most helpful in favour of patient care.


BACKGROUND
The efforts to treat localized scleroderma, including therapies with potentially hazardous side effects, are often unsatisfactory. Recently, PUVA-bath photochemotherapy has been proven highly effective in the treatment of localized scleroderma. Another form of topical PUVA therapy, 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) containing cream or gel preparations, has been proven to be as effective as PUVA-bath therapy for palmoplantar dermatoses.

OBJECTIVE
We sought to assess the efficacy of PUVA-cream photochemotherapy in patients with localized scleroderma.

METHODS
Four patients with localized scleroderma were included in the study. Diagnosis was confirmed by 20 MHz ultrasound assessment as well as pretreatment skin biopsy specimens from lesional skin. PUVA-cream therapy was performed 4 times a week; all patients received 30 treatments.

RESULTS
PUVA-cream photochemotherapy induced significant clinical improvement or clearance of localized scleroderma in all patients. Clearance was documented by clinical features as well as by 20 MHz ultrasound and histopathologic analysis.

CONCLUSION
PUVA-cream phototherapy can be highly effective in patients with localized scleroderma even if previous therapy was unsuccessful.


This essay portrays the capacities of political science in Western as well as in Central and Eastern Europe. The discussion is divided into four subtopics: (1) the political and social context in which European political science developed after World War II, (2) its degree of institutionalisation as an academic discipline, (3) its professional organisation and communication structure, and (4) its capacity to represent the discipline's education and research interests in the European area. The analysis concludes with a plea to create a database which, in a comprehensive way, allows for a comparative self-description of the discipline in the European area of higher education and research.


The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic compartment that undergoes remodeling as a result of injury and repair. Over the past decade, mounting evidence in humans and rodents suggest that ECM remodeling is associated with diet-induced insulin resistance in several metabolic tissues. Additionally, integrin receptors for the ECM have also been implicated in the regulation of insulin action. This review will address what is currently known about the ECM, integrins and insulin action in the muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Understanding how ECM remodeling and integrin signaling regulates insulin action may aid in the development of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.


Snort is a famous tool for Intrusion Detection System (IDS), which is used to gather and analyse network packet in order to decide attacks through network. Until now, although processing a number of warning messages in real time, Snort is executed mainly in single computer systems. Unfortunately, current amount of network messages exceeds processing capacity of single computer systems. In order to embrace the huge amount of network messages, we have constructed a distributed IDS using Hadoop, HDFS, and 8 working nodes. Experimental results show that our distributed IDS has 426% performance compared to a single computer system. Keyword-Intrusion Detection System, Snort, Distributed Framework, Hadoop, HDFS


Phoradendron latifolium (SW) Griseb. is one of many species of mistletoe growing wild in Brazil. The plant used in our experiments was gathered in Maringa-Parana where it is found growing on the stacks and branches of different hosts.Two ethanolic extracts were prepared using dried and milled leaves. The solvent was evaporated in vacuum. The residue of the first extract was dissolved with propylene glicol, the other residue, after washed with chloroform was dissolved in the same vehicle. Both extracts showed hipotensive response when tested on nembutal anaesthetized rats. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of volatile and non volatile acids, amino groups, steroids, phenols, gums, mucilage, condensed tannins and heterosidic anthraquinones, flavones and non-haemolytic saponines.


The structure of 12Be is investigated using a microscopic α+α+4n model based on the molecular-orbit (MO) model. It is shown that the remark-able α-clustering and the contribution of the spin-orbit interaction make the binding of the state with the (3/2−)2(1/2+)2 configuration for the valence neutrons properly stronger in comparison with the closed p-shell (3/2−)2(1/2−)2 configuration. The molecular-like structure of the C isotopes is also investigated using a microscopic α+α+α+n+n+... model.


It is an important factor for public security bureau to plan police officer scheduling in a scientific and reasonable way.In order to optimize scheduling method as well as enhance information innovation level of the security bureau,a mathematic model is proposed,and a genetic annealing algorithm is given.The constraints of the model are simplified,so it becomes easy to map the problem into genetic algorithm code,the method to design genetic or variation code are also simplified as well.The Boltzmann mechanism of simulated annealing is introduced into the genetic algorithm,so the ability of finding the best result is greatly enhanced.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is better than ordinary genetic algorithm to find the best result.


【Objective】To evaluate the value of clinical application of intraoperative choledochoscopy in surgi-cal treatment of intrahepatic bile duct cholelithiasis.【Methods】Analyse 305 patients with stones in the intrahepatic bile duct in surgical treatment,divide them into two groups of applied choledochoscopy in operation 196 cases and no-applied choledochoscopy in operation 109 cases,then compare the remaining stones efficiency of postoperation and after removed stones with choledochoscopy.【Results】The first group remaining stones is 36.73% (72/196) after operation and is 1.53% (3/196) after removed lithiasis with postoperative choledochoscopy while the second group is 64.22% (70/109) and 12.84% (14/109) correspondingly. The former is less than the later,which has remarkable dif-ference (P0.005).【Conclusions】Intraoperative choledochoscopy of great value is surgical treatment of intrahepat-ic bile duct cholelithiasis. However,it can not replace removing gallstones with postoperative choledochoscopy.


OBJECTIVE: This article describes ordering of diagnostic tests, admission rates, and antibiotic administration among visits to US emergency departments (EDs) by children aged 3 to 36 months with fever without source (FWS). METHODS: The 2006–2008 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey–Emergency Department was used to identify visits by 3- to 36-month-old children with FWS. Percentages of visits that included a complete blood count (CBC), urinalysis, blood culture, radiograph, rapid influenza test, admission to hospital, and ceftriaxone and other antibiotic administration were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with ordering of a CBC and urinalysis. RESULTS: No tests were ordered in 58.6% of visits for FWS. CBCs were ordered in 20.5% of visits and urinalysis in 17.4% of visits. Even among girls with a temperature of ≥39°C, urinalysis was ordered in only 40.2% of visits. Ceftriaxone was given in 7.1% and other antibiotics in 18.3% of visits; 5.2% of the children at these visits were admitted to the hospital. In multivariate analysis, increased temperature, being female, and higher median income of the patient's zip code were associated with increased odds of having a CBC and urinalysis ordered. Being 24 to 36 months of age was associated with lower odds of receiving both a CBC and a urinalysis. CONCLUSIONS: Most US emergency department visits for FWS among children aged 3 to 36 months, physicians do not order diagnostic tests. Being female, having a higher fever, and higher median income of the patient's zip code were associated with ordering CBCs and urinalysis.


In order to solve the problems of uneven illumination and low character quality in text image recognition, an image enhancement algorithm and a character recognition model based on convolution cyclic neural network are proposed in this paper. Among them, the image enhancement algorithm uses an improved tone mapping function considering local information to increase the visibility of text in dark areas. The method of background estimation and contrast compensation is used to solve the problem of uneven illumination of the image, and the connected domain method is used to locate the text in the image. The convolution and loop depth neural network model is built based on the text region, and the whole string in the image is taken as the recognition target. In this paper, 30 uneven illumination images are collected for experimental verification, and the experimental results show that the text recognition accuracy of the model in this scene is 98.29%.


The peel strength and the color of the copper foil peeled at 90 degrees from five different polyimide films were studied. The interfacial surfaces of copper foil and polyimide were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersion analysis by X-ray (EDAX). There is a correlation between peel strength, and the color of the interfacial side copper caused by oxygen diffusion. Study of the imidization process carried out in vacuum indicates that the geometric arrangements of the atoms of polyimide also play a very important role in peel strength.


The increasing power and decreasing cost of Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) together with the development of programming languages for General Purpose Computing on GPUs (GPGPU) have led to the development and implementation of fast parallel algorithms for this architecture for a large spectrum of applications. Given the streaming-processing characteristics of GPUs, most practical applications so far are on highly data-parallel algorithms. Many problems, however, allow for task-parallel solutions or a combination of task and data-parallel algorithms. For these, a hybrid CPU-GPU parallel algorithm that combines the highly parallel stream-processing power of GPUs with the higher scalar power of multi-cores is likely to be superior. In this paper we describe a generic translation of any recursive sequential implementation of a divide-and-conquer algorithm into an implementation that benefits from running in parallel in both multi-cores and GPUs. This translation is generic in the sense that it requires little knowledge of the particular algorithm. We then present a schedule and work division scheme that adapts to the characteristics of each algorithm and the underlying architecture, efficiently balancing the workload between GPU and CPU. Our experiments show a 4.5x speedup over a single core recursive implementation, while demonstrating the accuracy and practicality of the approach.


This study, undertaken to clarify the position of gars in a fish management program, was started along with other studies on Ocala National Forest, Florida, where the state and the U. S. Forest Service manage approximately 17,000 acres of lake water in the Ocala Wildlife Management Area. Material was collected from January to June 1939, inclusive, and during March 1940. John W. Cooper, District Forest Ranger, collected the material taken in July, August, and November, 1939.


Author(s): Sottong, Heather R | Abstract: Giordano Bruno's powers of memory and his provocative ideas about the infinity of the universe gained him notoriety as an unorthodox thinker throughout the highest intellectual circles of 16th century Europe and inevitably attracted the attention of the Inquisition, which had him burned at the stake as a heretic in 1600. Bruno valiantly defended his ideas and his right to maintain them to the very end. His name, even at a distance of four centuries still creates controversy among scholars.While recent historical assessments have shed new light on Bruno's scientific and philosophical works, which are undeniably provocative, can the same be said of his literary works? I intend to explore the radical tendencies evident in his erudite comedy Il candelaio, which is often considered the end of the genre. Among critics there is a general consensus that the work is excessively enigmatic, offensive, and obscene. But the stylistic and thematic excesses that have so aggravated critics are entirely intentional. By including an exasperating number of prologues and an overkill of obscenity, cupidity, false learning, pedantry, and related motifs, Bruno pushed the genre to its ultimate capacities and made a mockery of its "rules". A quintessential example of his aesthetic philosophy of the extreme and his attitude of antagonism, Il candelaio is entirely in keeping with the workings of Bruno's mind in general, as evidenced by his other intellectual endeavors which made him a martyr to intellectual freedom.


Organizations face severe challenges for achieving the desired agility and effectiveness in timely supplying products and services to global markets. Also, firms are now increasingly outsourcing and distributing manufacture of products for economic reasons. Many companies have adopted enterprise systems (ESs) technology to enhance their core competencies and processes for improving new product development and supply to the marketplace. This paper discusses how implementation of an ES and knowledge-based processes in critical functional areas, enhances product development agility in a distributed environment. A case study is conducted in a manufacturing firm to evaluate the dispersed business practices which are complemented with knowledge processes through the use of ESs to support different phases of product development. Implications of strategies such as concurrent engineering, knowledge management, and virtual integration through use of ESs to become agile are explained.


In this study, genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to detect the most important variables for estimating ETo among mean temperature (Tmean), maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), sunshine hours (n), relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (WS). The results show that Tmean and WS are the most important meteorological variables to model evapotranspiration in Iran. Then, we selected gene expression programming (GEP) to model ETo based on Tmean and WS historical data. The results indicate that the GEP has good performance for semiarid and Mediterranean climates compared to very humid and some arid regions. In addition, GEP is an effective solution when there is insufficient meteorological data available.


[1] The interplay of El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) can lead to different patterns of sea surface temperature and outgoing longwave radiation anomalies over the equatorial Indian Ocean with corresponding implications for the monsoon system. This paper investigates the extent to which the climatic mechanisms generated by the identified Indian Ocean dipole and the Equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation affect the interannual variability of Southern Oman Summer Monsoon (SOSM) rainfall. For this purpose, the monsoon data were analyzed for the period of 1985–2005. Generally, the paper presented the possible relations of the interannual variation in SOSM with atmospheric convection and circulation over the equatorial Indian Ocean and ENSO. It could be advocated that the IOD and ENSO have complementarily affected the SOSM during the last four decades. The IOD exercised a substantial role, first, through its influence as a modulator of the SOSM and, second, through its impact on the correlation between the SOSM and ENSO. The results of the study indicated that the ENSO-induced anomalous circulation over the Arabian Sea was either countered or supported by the IOD, depending on the state of the phase and the amplitude of the two.


In order to improve the flight performance of flapping-wing aircraft, a new multi-degree-of-freedom bionic flapping-wing driving mechanism is designed based on the flight motion characteristics of gulls: The dual-crank and dual-rocker mechanism is used as the driving mechanism, and the two- segment wing structure is used as the wing to realize the expansion and folding function of the wing. The planar double crank rocker mechanism and spatial crank rocker mechanism are coupled through bevel gears so that the aileron can twist during wing flapping. The whole moving process is only driven by a DC brushless motor with a simple structure and high flight efficiency. Firstly, the kinematic model of flapping-wing vehicle driving mechanism is established through kinematic analysis. Then, the simulation analysis model of the flapping-wing mechanism is established in ADAMS simulation software, which verifies the theoretical analysis. The results show that the designed driving mechanism can realize multi-degree-of- freedom coupling motion of flapping, torsion, and folding by single-degree-of-freedom driving. The upper flapping limit is 22.6°, the lower flapping limit is -21.5°, the maximum torsion angle is 10.5°, the minimum torsion angle is -16.6°, and the folding angle range is 144.7°~192.1°. The output trajectory is the same as the wingtip trajectory of the seagull when flying and has good aerodynamic performance. The kinematic parameters obtained from the simulation are consistent with the theoretical calculation, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical calculation.


Beyond comparison In this article, the author takes up the issue of the so-called "crisis" of comparative literary studies (Comparative Literature), at the same time trying to outline the presentday condition of the discipline and to point to the objectives which it should attempt to attain today. Beside other detailed problems, the author analyses the threats posed by the hegemonic status of English which has become a specific 'foundational language' in Comparative Literature. However, in the principal part of his analysis, the author tries to go beyond the tendency towards 'unification and totalisation of thought,' which is present in Comparative Studies, by means of a search for 'commensurability' between the elements being compared,, and also beyond the equally popular strategy of 'divisiveness' that consists in continual emphasis on and proliferation of differences. He juxtaposes these two dominant trends with a model of conducting Comparative Literary Studies based on the concept of language of friendship or even love – an idea stemming from the philosophical thought of Lyotard and Badiou. In this approach, reading becomes an 'event of love, which, like love, is what is without and beyond compare.


This study aimed to compare qualities of Thai scholarly journals with the criteria of the journalselection and evaluation process to Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) database by ThomsonReuters Corporation. The journal evaluation criteria include basic journal standards, Thomson Reuters'seditorial content, international diversity, and the citation analysis. In this work, 45 Thai journals in a listof approved national and international journals by Office of the Higher Education Commission, were thencompared with 10 international journals indexed in the SCI-Expanded database. The comparison processfollowed the Thomson Reuters journal selection criteria mentioned earlier. It was found that most of theselected Thai journals were up to basic journal standards set by the Thomson Reuters. However, the resultshowed that issues on international diversity criteria of most Thai journals were lower diversity valuethan the journals in SCI-Expanded database. To further compare the quality of the existing journals inSCI-Expanded database with those of the Thai journals indexed in TCI database, the SCI-Expanded journalwith lowest marks was identified. This process was done by taking all SCI-Expanded journal selectioncriteria into account and made the ranking of all journals indexed in the SCI-Expanded database inaccordance with the SCI-Expanded journal selection criteria. The marks of the lowest ranked journal werethen used to evaluate and identify the Thai journals that may have the similar marks. It was found that therewere 5 Thai journals with high potential to be included in the SCI-Expanded database, namely 1) ASEANJournal on Science and Technology for Development 2) ECTI Transactions on Electrical Eng., Electronics,and Communications 3) Journal of Scientific Research Chulalongkorn University 4) Suranaree Journal ofScience and Technology and 5) The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University. Keywords : Thai Academic Journal / Journal Selection Process / TCI Database / SCI-ExpandedDatabase /Journal Quality


In this paper, a new bidirectional nonisolated DC‐DC (direct current–direct current) converter to interface microgrid energy storage systems is proposed. This converter is based on the classical bidirectional boost/buck converter, the most used converter in microgrids and can operate both in step‐down and step‐up modes. Besides that, this converter presents low number of components, low voltage and current stress on components, simplicity of operation, low current ripple from low‐side power supply, and two different modes of operation: synchronous and asynchronous. In addition, in this paper, the modeling, control, and power losses estimate of the proposed converter are carried out and the performance of the converter in different aspects of the microgrid application is evaluated, such as step load, abrupt power flux change, and transient analysis. A prototype of 1 kW, 144 to 400 V, is developed in the laboratory to validate the theoretical evaluations of the proposed converter. Besides that, the proposed converter is also evaluated under different dynamic condition which illustrates the effectiveness of the converter. Finally, the maximum efficiency obtained is 97.1% for 500 W working in step‐down operation.


Throughout all previous dynasties,every time we mention "Zheng sounds",people often relate it to obscene,which is not right.We should have a real and full understanding of it.First,"Zheng sound" is the folk music in "Zheng area".Second,it stands for the music of the new sound..


A method for using a portable terminal comprises a process of executing an application using a pen input and a touch input at the same time; a process of sensing the touch input through a first input unit and performing a function corresponding to the sensed pen input; and a process of sensing the pen input through a second input unit and performing a function corresponding to the sensed touch input. [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB,DD) No; (CC,EE) Yes; (HH) End; (S201) Execute an application; (S202) Display functions corresponding to touch input and pen input; (S203) Set each selected function as a function corresponding to the touch input and pen input; (S204) Detect the pen input through a first input unit?; (S205) Execute a function corresponding to the pen input; (S206) Detect the touch input through a second input unit?; (S207) Execute a function corresponding to the touch input; (S208) Is the application finished?


A b s t r a c t. By formalizing some classical facts about provably total functions of intuitionistic primitive recursive arithmetic (iPRA), we prove that the set of decidable formulas of iPRA and of i! + (intuitionistic ! 1-induction in the language of PRA) coincides with the set of its provably " 1-formulas and coincides with the set of its provably atomic formulas. By the same methods, we shall give another proof of


Medical therapy of morbid obesity rarely results in sufficient long term body weight reduction. Therefore bariatric surgery is the treatment of choice of morbid obese patients (BMI >40 kg/m 2 ). Today most of these operations are performed with laparoscopic technique. In specialised centres gastric banding and bypass operations are performed with low perioperative morbidity and mortality. Gastric banding yields a long time overweight loss of 30–50%. Patients with extreme obesity (BMI >50 kg/m 2 ) should be treated with a gastric bypass operation. By the exclusion of defined segments of the small intestine over-weight can be reduced by combination of food restriction and malabsorption. Comorbidity of obesity like type II diabetes is better treated by combined malabsorptive/restrictive operations like the mostly used Roux-Y gastric bypass. Success of therapy depends on a strict preoperative assessment and evaluation in a multidisciplinary team and a lifelong postoperative care and monitoring by the bariatric surgeon and other experts. Next to follow-up control of success and compliance, this surveillance is mandatory that long term complications of the band and malnutrition in malabsoprtive procedures are sufficiently recognized and brought to an adequate therapy.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of the contingency for price fluctuation. This study examined problem of illogicalities in contract clauses for government project in Korea. There is a tendency that the construction projects have begun to lengthen by complexity and size. This long term projects generate many claims for appropriate coverage in accordance with price fluctuation. However, the contract clauses for government project in Korea made in 1978 when the price fluctuation was 11.7%. This clause is not appropriate to the present. In order to reduce the claims arise by price fluctuation, it's needed the application of the Contingency. This answer gives the equality to the contractor and the owner, besides. gives the introduction of contingency in the construction project by step-by-step.


This paper presents a low jitter, high resolution frequency synthesizer realized in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, using a novel sample-reset loop filter technique that gives a process independent damping factor, and low jitter operation with minimum ripple filtering pole requirements. PLL specifications include: operating range 125-1270 MHz, resolution <500 KHz, jitter <0.8%/spl middot/Tosc, and dissipating 75 mW from a 2.5 V supply.


on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of chemical process is extremely important for operation safety and product quality. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been successfully as a multivariate statistical process control tool for detecting faults in processes with highly correlated variables. PCA and other statistical techniques, however, have difficulties in differentiating faults correctly in complex chemical process. Support vector machine (SVM) is a novel approach based on statistical learning theory, which has emerged for feature identification and classification. In this paper, an integrated method is applied for process monitoring and fault diagnosis, which combines PCA for fault feature extraction and multiple SVMs (MSVMs) for identification of different fault sources. This approach is verified and illustrated on the Tennessee Eastman benchmark process as a case study. Results show that the proposed PCA-MSVMs method performs good diagnosis capability and overall diagnosis correctness rate.


The objective of this study was to examine prospectively the associations between family functioning at the end of tumor‐directed treatment and the health‐related quality of life (HRQL) of pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTSs) approximately 9 months later.


supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
(NHLBI) in collaboration with MESA investigators. MESA is supported
by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95165 and
N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
This work was supported in part by R01 HL071759 and P60
MD002249 (Dr Diez Roux). Funding for this analysis for Drs. Osypuk
and Hadley was provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Health and Society Scholar program at University of Michigan.


Friction stir spot welding is a new type of connection technology developed on the basis of the friction stir welding process. It uses a high-speed rotating stirring head to generate heat by friction with the plate to make the welding material reach a thermoplastic softened state, forming a lap joint similar to resistance spot welding. The purpose of this article is to analyze and analyze the current situation of numerical simulation of friction stir welding after deformation under big data analysis. Algorithm mining commonly used for analysis of big data. This paper proposes to use the classic algorithm FP-growth algorithm. The FP-growth algorithm has the widest application range. It compresses the transaction database into a FP tree for processing. It also uses the Apriori algorithm, which eliminates the need to generate candidate frequent itemsets, which improves the efficiency of use. In addition, this article uses data mining technology and data fusion technology commonly used in big data analysis, and their application strengthens the analysis of the current situation of numerical simulation after friction stir welding deformation under big data analysis. Experimental research shows that the dynamic FSSW technology used in this paper simulates the numerical change after friction stir welding deformation, and the simulated data effect is better than the traditional GPC algorithm by about 20%.


This paper presents a precision motion stage developed for nanometer level positioning. To achieve the required motion resolution, a piezoelectric actuator and flexure-based displacement mechanism are used. Results of extensive experiments on hysteresis and creep phenomena of the piezoelectric actuator are reported. Position measurement for feedback control is performed by fiber optical laser interferometer encoders. A simple and effective experiment-model-based recursive control method is proposed for nanometric position control of the piezoelectric actuated stage. Experiment results show that by using the proposed simple control method, the motion stage is able to achieve a position tracking accuracy up to a limit, i.e. 10 nm, due to the resolution of the position measurement device.


A predicting model of pilot workload is developed using a time-based algorithm, work-load values from previous research, and experimental data obtained by a group of experienced pilots on a Singer-Link Gat-1 instrument trainer with three degrees of motion (roll, pitch, and yaw). Each pilot performed three experimental flights presented in a counterbalanced order; each flight consisted of short, medium, or long cruise and initial approach segments. Results strongly suggest that pilots were more sensitive to the rate at which work was done than to the total amount of work accomplished. The result of predictions obtained with the model showed that the time-weighted average of the component work-load ratings were able to predict the obtained work-load ratings accurately.


Mn-Mo-O catalysts with a different Mo/Mn ratio have been prepared by precipitation. The precipitate composition as a function of solution concentration and pH was studied by X-ray, IR, thermal and chemical methods. Formation of manganese molybdates with MnMoO 4 .1.5H 2 O, Mn 3 Mo 3 O 12 .2.5H 2 O, and Mn 3 Mo 4 O 15 .4H 2 O composition has been supposed. It is concluded that pure MnMoO 4 may be obtained in both acid and alkaline media, the pH values depending on the concentration of the initial solutions. The maximum Mo/Mn ratio in the precipitates is 1.33. The formation of pure Mn 3 Mo 4 O 15 .4H 2 O is possible in weakly acidic media. This process is favoured by increasing the concentration of initial solutions.


the heart, were unknown until recently. Brande (1854) published two cases of endocarditis and pericarditis, respectively, in connection with gonorrhoeal rheumatism. Sigmund (1858) observed two cases of pericarditis in women. Gluzinski has collected thirty-one cases. The following conclusions might be derived from these observations : 1, Pericarditis as well as endocarditis might supervene in the course of gonorrhoea. 2. These may develop after gonorrhoea! rheumatism, but also without the presence of such an affection. 3. The complaint often assumes the character of a severe infectious dis-


Two cell types have been identified in the Stannius corpuscles of Palamys sarda L. They are distinguished by the presence or absence of granules. Histochemical studies have shown that the granules contain proteins with - NH2 radicals, glycoproteins, sulfomucins, carboxymucins and cholesterol. The two cell types might represent different stages of a single functional cell type.


Ground Support Equipment (GSE) [1] is a versatile and multifunctional graphical user interface (GUI) and a software/hardware platform. It is a custom-designed system executed in the LabVIEW programming language to serve as an instrument health monitor for the Loss Cone Imager (LCI) satellite project. GSE mimics the behavior of the onboard Experiment Computer System (ECS). Its functions comprise the measurement of voltage, current, and power, as well as acting as a safety mechanism in case of any anomalous condition (e.g., over-current and/or over-voltage situation). Individual log files record the sessions during which data is gathered and analyzed. Safety/warning alarm flags shall be 'visible' from any individual window/tab. Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) particle group measurements will be displayed on six individual panels. GSE will be supplemented with a comprehensive user's manual for added clarity.


The use of geoprocessing and statistic are essential to study the epidemiology perfil of diseases when working with aggregate data on quantitative research. In this sense the present article aims to contribute to the discussion about the use of GIS tools and statistics on the health area. Bringing in your body the importance of their use in epidemiological studies, and highlighted the main techniques and resources used in spatial analysis in epidemiology, in the perspective to contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological characteristics, taking into account the environmental and social factors. Brings as a practical example the study case of dengue in Fortaleza in the year of 2008, where one can identify the behavior of dengue in that year and its relation to the climatic elements in the city. It was found that both the lower and the higher temperatures are optimal for the growth of mosquito fact favored by low temperature range and that higher monthly infestation of Aedes aegypti occurs with increasing precipitation, where the highest concentration of focuses on court cases rainy.


In this article, we study the stability of weak solutions to a stochastic version of a coupled Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes model with multiplicative noise. The model consists of the Navier-Stokes equations for the velocity, coupled with an Cahn-Hilliard model for the order (phase) parameter. We prove that under some conditions on the forcing terms, the weak solutions converge exponentially in the mean square and almost surely exponentially to the stationary solutions. We also prove a result related to the stabilization of these equations.


THIS REPORT PRESENTS A CRITIQUE AND EVALUATION OF RESEARCH RELATED TO LARGE VEHICLE-INDUCED AERODYNAMIC DISTURBANCES. THE FINAL CONCLUSION REACHED IS THAT ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL WORK IS REQUIRED TO RESOLVE DISCREPANCIES IN PREVIOUSLY GATHERED EXPERIMENTAL DATA, AND TO EXTEND THE STATE-OF-THE-ART IN SUCH A WAY AS TO ALLOW THE FORMULATION OF COST-EFFECTIVE AERODYNAMIC HAZARD REDUCTION STRATEGIES.


assumption for the economic justification of the entire article. No other replacement figure is given. Consequently, the entire economic justification of the paper is based on a percentage of unknown origin. No supportive material is given as to why 20 percent was chosen. The reader has no way of knowing why 20 percent is better than 10 percent or 40 percent. At the minimum it seems the author could have made a survey of life insurance companies and obtained their estimates of the magnitude of the problem or determined the volume of disclosure forms filed with several state insurance departments. This investigation would at least give one a minimum figure from which to build. This replacement percentage is just a minor problem. The real problems with the RLI article are with the methodology of the capital budgeting model. Specifically, there are three areas of concern: the discount factors used, lack of incremental cash flow analysis, and confusion between sunk costs and salvage value. The first problem that is encountered in the RLI paper is the discount factors used on the cash surrender values (CSV) of the Columbus Mutual (CM) policy on page 216. (For the reader's convenience the first three and last two years of data from the RLI article are reproduced in this comment). In Table 1 Kensicki shows a discounted value of 145.63 in the


We are all familiar with money as we live in a monetary economy where money is used freely and widely inasettlement of various economic transactions. We are so much accustomed to rqoney now that it is difficult for us to imagine a modern society without money. It will bejnteresting to know why and how this money came into being. In this introductory unit, you will study how money came into being, its definition, role, importance, actions and defects.


The way the media reports on a community can have a powerful impact on the way the broader society perceives them. The less that's known about that community, the more power the media wields, as a primary source of understanding. Media coverage can foster understanding and empathy, by highlighting achievements by community members, sharing examples of collaboration and goodwill, and telling personal stories that illuminate challenges faced and struggles left behind. But it can also stoke prejudice and cement stereotypes. How does the Australian media report on Africa and the African community – or communities – in Australia? Is there a perception gap between reporting and reality? And how does this impact on African-Australians?


As the extensive literature on the subject attests, the issue of land reform has been and remains heatedly debated.1 The latest massive demonstration of interest came with the 1979 World Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development, where representatives of no less than 145 nations and three liberation movements agreed that "equitable distribution and efficient use of land ... are indispensable for rural development, for the mobilization of human resources, and for increased production for the alleviation of poverty" (FAO). At one time or another, but especially since 1960, virtually every country in the world has passed land reform laws. Yet, the record is far more modest than the promise: (a) in spite of decades, if not centuries (Tuma), of land reform activities, landownership remains extremely skewed, concentration of landownership is almost universally increasing, the mass of landless is growing rapidly, and the extent of rural poverty and malnutrition has reached horrendous proportions; and (b) in spite of widespread agreement on the need for land reform, there are virtually no significant ongoing land reform programs except under extreme political pressures (revolutionary in El Salvador and postrevolutionary in Nicaragua, Mozambique, and Angola). In several countries, the progressive gains achieved by land reform programs are being either eroded by the forces of economic growth (Mexico, Venezuela, and South Korea) or purposefully canceled by public policies (Chile). The question I want to explore in this paper is: Why this blatant discrepancy between rhetoric and reality? Or, to put it another way, why is land reform no longer a significant policy issue even though it remains an important political issue in most countries of the world?2 To answer, we need first to explore, in a positive sense, what has been the nature of different land reforms that occurred in the past; what were their purposes, achievements, and limits. This will be done by developing a typology of land reforms in the third world, because it is essential to distinguish carefully among a wide variety of reforms. Following the approach of political economy, I will do this in the context of modes of production, social class structure, and types of land tenure.


The artist traces his progress toward abstraction, moving, in the first phase, from the surface, the representational, naturalistic exterior, to the substrata, the underlying interior parts not apparent to the eye. The pleasure of discovery animates this search for a distillation toward the purest statement of form. In the second phase, the leap from outside to inside becomes the conversion of lively and complex figurative and mechanical elements into a peopleless world, re-emerging newly abstract as a mini-universe of disembodied skull, spine, heart and bone shapes, and as an array of gears, cogs and wheels that blends with geometrical and numerical shapes. Color is subject to a parallel process of reduction, playing an integrating role in forging the unique identity that gives definition to the painting. Form and color fuse in attaining the below-the-surface life of the figure and the machine, thereby introducing new pictorial elements and stimulating new visual ideas—in essence, a system of symbolic abstraction.


Under the proposals considered in this chapter, regulations that did not pass a cost-benefit test would be struck down, not enacted, or at least required to undergo some further process of scrutiny. We consider these proposals by asking three questions. First, does cost-benefit analysis feasibly evaluate the quality of regulations (section 2)? Second, does cost-benefit analysis provide a morally acceptable means of judging regulatory policy (section 3)? Third, is there a feasible institutional machinery for giving cost-benefit significant influence over the regulatory process? (section 4)


When estimating the time-rate of settlement for foundation soils treated with vertical drains, understanding the horizontal drainage behavior of the soil is important because the time of consolidation settlement may be critical to the overall construction schedule and sequencing. This paper explains the process for obtaining the horizontal properties of soft soils in the laboratory using a Rowe cell, a laboratory device that directly measures the horizontal drainage of soft soil samples through a radial consolidation test. The Rowe cell further allows for back-saturation of test specimens and the ability to replicate in situ lateral stress conditions with an applied cell pressure. This paper summarizes how challenges associated with specimen preparation, test setup and procedure, and data analysis and interpretation can be overcome. Finally, this paper demonstrates that this is a viable method that should be considered more often for obtaining horizontal drainage design parameters.


The extremely bright and relatively stable hypergiant HD 80077 is an enigmatic object. Since the star is assumed to have a luminosity L/L ⊙ of 2.10 6 , one would expect considerable variability and a large mass loss rate. However, its mass loss rate of 5 −3 +10 .10 −6 M ⊙ yr −1 and its variablitiy are very low with respect to its luminosity. The star is assumed to be a member of the cluster Pismis 11, and therefore to have a known distance. The above mentioned luminosity has been derived using the apparent visual magnitude, the bolometric correction and the distance to Pismis 11.


Minimum information quantum gravity (MIQG) is a theory of quantum gravity which requires no explicite microscopic quantum structure. In this article, it is shown that the MIQG action can be derived using a more elegant and straight-forward method than in the first existence proof. The required assumptions are dramatically reduced. In particular, former assumptions regarding the existence of quantum boxes, the exact differential of the entropy variation and the role of the boundary can be omitted. Moreover, the open problem of the quantum occupation number per box is solved. Thus, the arguments in favour of MIQG become even more stringent. The remaining assumptions are 1. the principle of optimization of the resulting per imposed degrees of freedom, 2. abstract quantum number conservation, 3. the validity of the laws of thermodynamics, 4. identification of a macroscopic parametrization with space-time and 5. unspecific interactions. Although the requirements are reduced, all former results remain valid. In particular, all well established physics as special cases (Quantum Field Theory, QFT, and General Relativity, GR) follow and all measurable quantities may be computed.


Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 95% of penile malignant tumors, and its association to human papillomavirus (HPV) has been studied by several authors. Our study describes the prevalence of HPV DNA in penile squamous cell carcinomas in Brasilia, Brazil. Materials and Methods: Human papillomavirus DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using GP5+/GP6+ and pU-1M/pU-2R primers, after its extraction from paraffin embedded material from 59 patients with penile carcinoma. HPV isolates were typed by restriction enzymes digestion and automated sequencing. Results: Good quality DNA was obtained from 37 out of the 59 samples previously selected. Prevalence of HPV DNA ranged from 13.5% (5/37) to 64.8% (19/24) when we considered the amplification with pU-1M/pU-2R or GP5+/GP6+ primers, respectively. HPV-16 was the only type detected. Conclusions: Our data indicate that GP5+/GP6+ PCR allow a good rate of HPV DNA detection and typing in formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. The HPV DNA prevalence can be considered high when compared to data from other South America studies. The high frequency of HPV-16 and the low occurrence of HPV-18 are in agreement with our results from a female population research in the same region of Brazil. Further investigation should be conducted in order to evaluate the frequency of HPV types associated to other penile epithelial disorders and different kinds of neoplasias, as well as in asymptomatic subjects in the central region of Brazil.


The International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund is a successful international scheme providing supplementary compensation for vessel source oil pollution damage. Some domestic schemes such as the Ship-Source Oil Pollution Fund in Canada and the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund in the United States have also been successful. China established its Vessel-Source Oil Pollution Compensation Fund in July 2012. This article examines the international and domestic schemes that provide supplementary compensation for vessel source oil pollution and makes some suggestions for amendment of the newly established Chinese national compensation fund.


The isotopic compositions of elements are often used to characterize nucelosynthetic contributions in early Solar System objects. Coordinated multiple middle-mass elements with differing volatilities may provide information regarding the location of condensation of early Solar System solids. Here we detail new procedures that we have developed to make high-precision multi-isotope measurements of chromium and calcium using thermal ionization mass spectrometry, and characterize a suite of chondritic and terrestrial material including two fragments of the Chelyabinsk LL-chondrite.


"... all were potential school 'push-outs', i.e., chronically disruptive students who are no longer welcome in the school system." • National attention is currently directed towards changing our middle-class oriented educational system in working with minority group children. The need for change has been most apparent in working with children who are socially disadvantaged, potential school dropouts, or low-achievi.ng students (Bloom, 1966; Crotberg, 1965; Hunt, 1966; Miller, 196), 1964; Pressman, 1969). On the U. S. Mainland, the focus of attention is on urban ghettoes. In Hawaii interest centers on rural Hawaiians. This article describes how a token reinforcement system was used to reward group rather than individual behavior in order to promote academic development among low-achieving adolescent Hawaiian boys. The program described was based on a classroom field experiment conducted in an economically depressed Hawaiian community. o Twenty-four boys whose ages ranged from 14 to 17 were enrolled in a sel£contained class in an intermediate school. The Principal and Vice-Principal made all class assignments. All of the boys chosen demonstrated poor academic achievement and disruptive classroom behavior. • Academic problems demonstrated. Although the boys had been in eighth and ninth grade classes, they achieved considerably below their grade levels in every academic subject. Most were doing fourth-grade work in arithmetic and second-grade work in reading. At the beginning of the project, which was conducted during the Spring semester, only six students were doing any academic work at all. None had succeeded in course work and, in general, they viewed themselves as school failures.


The research aims to employ the principles of sustainability as a knowledge of its scientific origin and from the thought of the principles of architecture science as an independent one where the basic thought is transmitted. Through the theory of nothingness that arises as a result of the crisis to produce an architecture thought that meets the need and meets the human desire in a time of crisis, it presents a contemporary intellectual path derived from trying to understand the components and contents of planning and architectural formations in a new way that follows the principles of sustainability to achieve social distancing and protect people. Accordingly, the research problem was (Architectural thought moves towards the human need as a result of the crisis that is generated from nothing, to represent a crisis in building a stable intellectual model that moves to a sustainable architectural form through the principles of sustainability. The results indicate the importance of adopting new methods in sustainable design to achieve an architecture that protects humans from the epidemic by adopting sustainable materials and employing climatic conditions in the design of buildings.


"Tomorrow is always the busiest day of the week"Jonathon Lazear. Lack of time is a common complaint in western society. In response, there has been a proliferation of ... books, articles, and seminars on time management, along with their assertions, prescriptions and anecdotes. However, what exactly is time management? Despite the epidemic of time management training programs, there is currently a lack of agreement about the definition of time management and a dearth of literature summarizing time management across disciplines. Furthermore, it has been argued that there is a lack of a theoretical model of time management. Although self-report instruments purporting to examine time management exist in several disciplines, to date, there has been no published psychometric review or comparison of these instruments for assessing generic time management. Therefore, this article examines the different dimensions time management to improve effectiveness and efficiency with in organizations.


Autosomal‐dominant myopathic disorder associated with diaphyseal medullary stenosis with malignant fibrous hisƟocytoma (DMS‐MFH) is characterized by myopathy, bone fragility, and osteosarcoma. DMS‐MFH was recently associated with mutaƟons in the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase gene (MTAP). MTAP is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme crucial for polyamine biosynthesis. Two disease‐causing mutaƟons have been idenƟfied in MTAP: c.813‐2A>G and c.885A>G, both of which result in dysregulated alternaƟve splicing of MTAP isoforms. Here, we report on myopathy in two cousins with the c.813‐2A>G mutaƟon. Both developed a progressive limb‐girdle type myopathy at age 30 years. To our knowledge, we are the first group to characterize the myopathy associated with DMS‐MFH, discovering varied muscle fiber size, degeneraƟon, and increased centralized nuclei. In this report, expression levels of transacƟve response DNA‐binding protein (TDP)‐43, light chain (LC)3‐I/II, and p62/sequestome 1 (SQSTM1) in the muscle fibers were increased, suggesƟng a possible dysregulaƟon of autophagy. ElucidaƟon of the pathologic mechanism(s) in DMS‐MFH offers the potenƟal to uncover key molecular signaling pathways and the promise of novel future treatments.


TiN is a non-oxidic ceramic widely employed as a hard coating material for cutting tools due to its high thermal and chemical stability. Among all 2D coating techniques, Inkjet printing (IJP) is one of the most promising for the fabrication of layers with customized designs. However, despite its advantages, this process has not been used so far with this material. In this work, we prepared TiN suspensions for their implementation in IJP with a nozzle of 70 μm. A complete study of the ink properties was performed to formulate a suitable ink with a high level of dispersion and to evaluate the jetting during the printing process. Moreover, after a sintering process at 1100 °C under vacuum, a complete hardness analysis of the coated discs was performed, resulting in values ranging from ~4 to 7 GPa, depending on the grid design.


Combined with the present manual process of hydrographic calculation in Shafan Reservoir in Jinhua, the essay talks about a hydrographic calculation system for reservoirs after the analyze of practical demand, by using Visual Basic6.0 as a facility and Access2 000 to deal with the database. With the purpose of obtaining simple operation as well as friendly, agile, practical and safe interface, this system covers hydrographic calculation, report printing, graphs drawing, and database searching. This passage mainly introduces the developing background of this system and its function. Meanwhile it also analyzes the device of the function, difficult techniques it involves and their solutions, which is of great worth for reference in other reservoirs.


Through the material for 0Cr13Ni5Mo(Low carbon martensitic stainless steel)and thick plate of large compound structure of turbine runner chamber,weldability analysis The influence the quality of welding and improve production efficiency,and choose the technical problems of the new Stainless steel flux-cored wire welding materials,improving the corresponding technical measures,improve the level of skills,and guarantee the quality of its products and improve production efficiency targets.


Abstract : This report presents the results of a program to develop and evaluate a precision resin impregnation system. The program objective was to develop a resin impregnator capable of consistently wetting S-glass, Kevlar and graphite roving with resin controlled within plus or minius 2% by weight. The tests conducted demonstrate the ability of the developed equipment to meet resin content control objectives. The effect of the process variables of fiber temperature, resin temperature and winding speed on impregnation quality were evaluated. Short beam shear tests and microstructure analysis were the primary evaluation tests conducted. (Author)


in Table II. More thorough supervision of the entire management of these poor-risk patients is indicated. Most surgeons regard pneumonectomy and pancreatectomy as major procedures requiring masterful surgery and aftercare. The mortality rates for these two procedures, in expert hands, are lower than for hip fractures. Therefore, in a teaching hospital, the fractured hip is not the sphere for the surgical trainee except when "assisted by a master surgeon in the Gallie tradition".9 Survival is the main hurdle in intertrochanteric fractures as union follows faithfully. However, in the intracapsular fractures, the surgeons' difficulties are often prolonged by avascular necrosis and delayed union. The authors concluded this survey after ten years, but will continue to observe the end results for a later report. A changing policy, employing the Jewett unit for fixation of intertrochanteric fractures, and selected use of primary arthroplasty in certain intracapsular fractures, is being pursued. It will be interesting to observe the long-term results over the next ten-year period.


Objective: Cephalohematoma is the most frequent cranial injury in the newborn, occurring in 0,2-3% of live births. It is a collection of blood between the periosteum and the skull. The aim of this study is to examine the patients who were consulted to us from the neonatal clinic. Method: 423 neonates with cephalohematoma were retrospectively anayzed referred to the neurosurgery clinic with a diagnosis of cephalohematoma between July 2016 and December 2018. Patients were evaluated according to gender, the location and persistence time of cephalhematoma, type of birth and treatment modality. Results: Among 423 newborns admitted to our clinic between July 2016 and December 2018, 237 (56,02%) were female and 186 (43,98%) were male. The mean gestational week at birth was 38,9±1,2. All babies were examined monthly, and completely resorption of the cephalhematoma observed in 393 (92%) of the patients within first month while 21 (%5) of the patients within second month. Only 9 (2%) patient cephalohematoma persisted over 2 months and has been calcified. Only 1 (%0,23) of these patients with calcified cephalohematoma persisted over 1 year and required surgery for cosmetic reason. Conclusion: Though a frequently encountered lesion cephalhematoma, usually disappears spontaneously within a few months without any cosmetic problems. Age and clinical examination are important in the treatment strategy of the patient. Calcified cephalhematoma is rarely seen. Surgical treatment should only be performed for cosmetic purposes after one year from birth.


Abstract The preparation of 3-(arylidene) camphors (3-8) from benzaldehyde, o-, m-and p-anisaldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde and thiophen-2-carboxaldehyde is discussed. The arylidenes (3–6, 8) reacted with chlorosulfonic acid-thionyl chloride to give the sulfonyl chlorides (9, 27, 32, 42). In contrast, the m-methoxybenzylidene derivative (5) on similar treatment with chlorosulfonic acid afforded the 4′, 6′-disulfonyl chloride (37). The sulfonyl chlorides were converted into 29 sulfonamides, 2 hydrazides (23, 47) and 4 hydrazones (24–26, 48) for biological screening as candidate pesticides and pharmaceutical agents. The spectral data of the compounds are briefly discussed and the configuration of the benzylidene derivatives have been assigned.


Objective In order to solve the filling difficulty of one type of crankshaft hub tooth. Methods The precision coining process was studied by numerical simulation, the effects of different friction coefficient and pressure relief hole size on metal flow distribution, equivalent strain and forming load were analyzed, and the results were validated by experiments. Results The friction coefficient affected the deformation of metal flow in axial and radial directions, and the pressure relief hole size affected shunt surface position and metal flow velocity. According to the simulation results , qualified products were produced. Conclusion The radial flow resistance was reduced because of too low friction coefficient, which was not conducive to the axial flow of filling tooth shape. Larger friction coefficient was advantageous for tooth filling, but excessive friction coefficient led to large forming load. As the relief hole diameter increased, the shunt of the metal surface was mov鄄 ing outwards, which was adverse to the tooth filling. The simulation results guides the production practice, and is of great significance.


Quality control of different coatings (colorful, paint, marker, safety, etc.) that are applied to the surface of various objects (both metallic and non-metallic) is an important problem. Also, there is a problem of dealing with counterfeit products. So it's necessary to distinguish the fake replicas of marking from the authentic marking of producer. To solve these problems, we propose an automated device (hardware and software complex) for analysis and control of spectral reflection characteristics, albedo and color parameters of extended (up to 150 mm × 150 mm) flat objects. It allows constructing the color image of the object surface as well as its multispectral images in selected regions of the spectrum. Herewith the color of the object surface can be calculated for various standard light sources (A, B, C, D65, E, F2, F7, F11, GE), or to any light source with a predetermined emission spectrum. The paper presents the description of construction and working principles of the proposed hardware and software complex. All color settings calculations correspond to the requirements and recommendations of CIE.


This paper proposes a general framework for nonperturbatively defining continuum quantum field theories. Unlike most such frameworks, the one offered here is finitary: continuum theories are defined by reducing large but finite quantum systems to subsystems with conserved entanglement patterns at short distances. This makes it possible to start from a lattice theory and use rather elementary mathematics to isolate the entire algebraic structure of the corresponding low-energy continuum theory. The first half of this paper illustrates this approach through a persnickety study of (1+1)D continuum theories that emerge from the ZK clock model at largeK. This leads to a direct lattice derivation of many known continuum results, such as the operator product expansion of vertex operators in the free scalar CFT. Many new results are obtained too. For example, self-consistency of the lattice-continuum correspondence leads to a rich, novel proposal for the symmetry breaking structure of the clock model at weak coupling, deep in the BKT regime. This also makes precise what one means by "continuous" when saying that continuous symmetries cannot be broken in (1 + 1)D. The second half of this paper is devoted to path integrals for continuum theories of bosons and fermions defined in this finitary formalism. The path integrals constructed here have both nonperturbative lattice definitions and manifest continuum properties, such as symmetries under infinitesimal rotations or dilatations. Remarkably, this setup also makes it possible to generalize Noether's theorem to discrete symmetries. Dedicated to the fighters against COVID-19. ar X iv :2 10 5. 12 14 7v 1 [ he pth ] 2 5 M ay 2 02 1


A global survey of reef fishes shows that the consequences of biodiversity loss are greater than previously anticipated as ecosystem functioning remained unsaturated with the addition of new species. Additionally, reefs worldwide, particularly those most diverse, are highly vulnerable to human impacts that are widespread and likely to worsen due to ongoing coastal overpopulation.


Expressing concurrency of applications has always been a challenging and error-prone task, yet effective use of multi-core processors and hardware implementations requires that the concurrency of applications be well represented and understood. One approach to the expression of concurrency is streaming. In this paper I express the classic problem of sorting in the streaming paradigm, and explore various algorithmic and architectural design parameters.


Purpose – This paper's central purpose is to demonstrate that facilitative alternative dispute resolution (ADR) processes can assist in the development of a built environment interdiscipline, and that a built environment interdiscipline should include an ADR course in its curriculum.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a brief summary of two empirical studies conducted at the University of Western Australia Law School which investigated the relationship between the teaching of ADR and student engagement.Findings – The research findings show that teaching ADR in an interactive and experiential manner can increase the students' sense of belonging to the school in which it is taught, and simultaneously can contribute to the students acquiring constructive conflict resolution skills.Research limitations/implications – The quantitative data derives from only one school in a university and subsequently, there was a lack of a control group. Yet, the sample size was sufficient for a reasonable analysi...


The `Excessive Deficit Procedure' of the Maastricht Treaty on Economic and Monetary Union proposes two fiscal convergence conditions for entry and continued membership in the EMU: 1) a country's overall budget deficit for each fiscal year must be equal to or below 3% of GDP, and 2) a country's stock of gross public debt must be equal to or less than 60% of GDP. Will the current EMU Excessive Deficit Procedure work as an effective constraint on countries' deficit behaviors? When understood within the context of a political economy model of deficit behavior, recent U.S. evidence on balanced budget rules strongly suggests that effective deficit constraints must use ex post deficit accounting, must be constitutionally grounded, must be enforced by an open and politically independent review panel or court with significant sanctions for violations, and costly to amend. While ex post, constitutionally grounded, and difficult to amend, current EMU rules are not enforced, at present, by an open and politically independent review panel using significant penalties. The ability of the EMU's deficit procedure to constrain in doubt. Institutional reforms that will strengthen the EMU's balanced budget procedures are discussed.


We present a high-precision I-band light curve for the Wolf-Rayet binary WR 20a, obtained as a subproject of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Rauw et al. have recently presented spectroscopy for this system, strongly suggesting extremely large minimum masses of 70.7 ± 4.0 and 68.8 ± 3.8 M☉ for the component stars of the system, with the exact values depending strongly on the period of the system. We detect deep eclipses of about 0.4 mag in the light curve of WR 20a, confirming and refining the suspected period of P = 3.686 days and deriving an inclination angle of i = 74.°5 ± 2.°0. Using these photometric data and the radial velocity data of Rauw et al., we derive the masses for the two components of WR 20a to be 83.0 ± 5.0 and 82.0 ± 5.0 M☉. Therefore, WR 20a is confirmed to consist of two extremely massive stars and to be the most massive binary known with an accurate mass determination.


Accurate prediction of the performance of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) is important to safe and efficient tunneling. Traditional prediction method of TBM performance is restricted by the lack of sufficient rock mass data and the prediction accuracy is low. A comprehensive management and preprocessing framework of TBM big operational data is proposed in this paper, after which a new prediction method of TBM performance is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is tested on 4 different tunnels. Prediction results show that the big operational data based method can predict TBM performance with high accuracy, and in most cases, the random forest algorithm generates better prediction results than the long-short term memory (LSTM) neural network. The data imbalance phenomenon leads to the emergence of big prediction errors on certain operational segments, highlighting the necessity of adopting new sampling methods to create a more balanced dataset, and incremental learning methods to update the prediction model timely.


The operation of programmable computer systems is determined by their program code. Possibilities of maliciously changing program code potentially pose a security risk. Therefore, monitoring the program code integrity is one of the main components of security for programmable systems. This paper is devoted to program code integrity monitoring of computer systems built on the FPGA chips. Integrity monitoring methods are considered, within which monitoring data are embedded into the program code in the form of a digital watermark. Such digital watermark does not affect the operation of the FPGA and does not change the characteristics of the system. The advantages of this approach are that the fact of the presence of monitoring data in the program code and the fact of performing integrity monitoring is hidden from an outside observer. The paper notes the problem of the need to recovery the initial state of program code when performing integrity monitoring. To perform this procedure, the digital watermark must contain the data necessary for recovery. The effective volume of a digital watermark depends on the size and structure of the FPGA program code, as well as on the limitations defined by the watermark embedding key (stego key). Most of this volume is occupied by the data necessary to recovery the initial state. Under these conditions, there is often a shortage of the effective volume of a digital watermark for storing monitoring data. The paper proposes a solution to this problem due to a new approach to the formation of a stego key for embedding a digital watermark in the FPGA program code. An experimental assessment of the approach proposed in the paper is performed. The advantages of the proposed approach are shown in comparison with the existing methods of embedding the digital watermark in the FPGA program code.


Introduction: National efforts toward reducing population sodium intake necessitate developing a feasible and valid monitoring method, especially for the distribution tails given about 90% of the US population consumes more sodium than recommended. Objective: We developed and tested the validity of a statistical approach using one or two timed-spot urines to estimate population distribution of usual 24-hour sodium excretion. Methods: A convenience sample of 407 adults, 18-39 years of age, (54% female, 48% black) collected urine for a 24-hour period, placing each void in a separate container. Of these, 133 repeated the procedure 4-11 days later. Four timed-spot specimens (morning, afternoon, evening, and overnight) were selected from each 24-hour collection. We developed gender-specific equations using Fuller's error-in-the-equation measurement error model to calibrate total sodium excreted in each of the one-spot (e.g., morning) and combined two-spot (e.g., morning + afternoon) urines to 24-hour sodium ex...


and attitudes towards undergraduate training; we aimed to quantify the percentage of clinical ENT in the UK undergraduate medical curriculum. A questionnaire was emailed to 31 UK medical schools to determine the time spent in ENT as a percentage of the curriculum; the number of days duration of a clinical ENT attachment was divided by the total number of days spent in medical school term time, excluding holiday periods. Recipients included undergraduate coordinators, directors of teaching, phase leaders of the year in which ENT is studied and ENT surgeons at the affiliated teaching hospitals; there is no common contact within each university that was able to provide the numerical data required. The questionnaire also enquired whether ENT is combined with other specialties, and the ENT timetable was requested. Twenty-two of 30 (73%) medical schools responded, although some in insufficient detail resulting in a percentage not being calculated. It was found that clinical ENT accounted for an average 0.79% of undergraduate course duration (based on 18 medical schools), ranging from 0% to 2.11%; 2 (9%) medical schools do not provide an ENT placement (Fig. 1). Additional information provided by respondents indicates that further ENT can be covered as student selected components and within paediatrics and GP placements. ENT was combined with other specialities in 17 (77%) medical schools; 7 (41%) combining with more than one other specialty. Timetable information suggests tutorials or lectures are most frequently utilised, closely followed by clinics. Conversely, students are offered minimal clinical teaching in a ward setting. Our survey has illustrated a discrepancy between the percentage of undergraduate teaching dedicated to clinical ENT – <1% – and the large proportion of ENT in GP consultations; 25–50%. In view of this, we believe that adequate time is not allocated to undergraduate ENT training. Optimising the ENT undergraduate experience will include increasing time spent in ENT departments, utilising the best teaching modalities, and implementing a national curriculum that should include recommendations on length of placement.


We study the existence and global exponential stability of posi- tive periodic solutions for a class of continuous-time generalized bidirectional neural networks with variable coecients and delays. Discrete-time analogues of the continuous-time networks are formulated and the existence and global exponential stability of positive periodic solutions are studied using the con- tinuation theorem of coincidence degree theory and Lyapunov functionals. It is shown that the existence and global exponential stability of positive periodic solutions of the continuous-time networks are preserved by the discrete-time analogues under some restriction on the discretization step-size. An example is given to illustrate the results obtained.


ABSTRACT The effects of urbanization of a basin on the runoff have been investigated in the past by the use of linear conceptual models in which the time lag appears as an important parameter. However, in this approach the effects of noise in the data, of sampling rate, of errors due to the lack of synchronization between the effective rainfall and runoff on the instantaneous unit hydrograph do not become readily apparent. A case in which the cumulative effects of these factors are predominant is presented as an example of the possible difficulties which might be encountered in the analysis of urban hydrological data by the unit hydrograph method. The disadvantages of relating the peak discharge, the time to peak discharge and the time lag to the physiographic characteristics alone have been discussed. Alternative regression relationships which involve storm characteristics along with the physiographic characteristics to estimate the peak discharge, time to peak discharge and time lag have been presented.


Mobile ad hoc network is an autonomous system of mobile nodes characterized by wireless links. A major challenge lies in adapting multicast communication to environments where mobility is unlimited and failures are frequent. The multicasting concept deals with one to many data dissemination, many multicast routing algorithm have been proposed like ODMRP, CAMP, NTPMR and so on. In this paper we design fuzzy based priority scheduler and its performance is tested with these multicast routing protocols. The performance of the scheduler is evaluated in terms of the quantitative metrics such packet delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay


In this showpiece, we demonstrate the functionality of Quality Hound — an online program analysis tool that takes as input a Scratch project and presents to the user a visual representation of the detected quality problems. Made accessible via a browser-based user interface, Quality Hound is instantaneously accessible to any Scratch user all over the world. The design of Quality Hound is informed by our research on cataloging and automatically detecting recurring quality problems, commonly referred to as code smells. We envision that Quality Hound can benefit the entire Scratch community by raising the awareness of software quality in this visual programming domain.


This paper presents redescriptions of amphipods in the genus Metopa (Stenothoidae) in the type-collections of the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. For Metopa clypeata and M. abyssalis we redescribe the type-specimens, for M. glacialis and M. groenlandica the redescriptions are based on new material and checked against the type-specimens. For all except M. abyssalis a combination of new line drawings and scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures is provided, for M. abyssalis, line drawings only. A summary of the other species having earlier been designed to Metopa in the Copenhagen collections is given, with a list of their present taxonomic position.


We experimentally investigate the symmetrical 50-Gb/sλ PAM-4 TDM-PON solutions in the O-band to support the PR-30 link loss budget, with the using of DSP and SOA. The performances of DSP and SOA setup are studied.