While humanity has not been able to end the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, newly reported cases of monkey-pox have caused unease.The current review sheds light on the transmission routes, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention of the disease in this early stage of the ongoing monkeypox epidemic.


This paper presents a system for identifying the room in an audio or video recording through the analysis of acoustical properties. The room identification system was tested using a corpus of 13440 reverberant audio samples. With no common content between the training and testing data, an accuracy of 61% for musical signals and 85% for speech signals was achieved. This approach could be applied in a variety of scenarios where knowledge about the acoustical environment is desired, such as location estimation, music recommendation, or emergency response systems.


The 2011 general elections brought hope for ending the PKK-Turkey conflict, with the elec - tions' results and Ocalan's statement about the peace process. As representatives of the Kurds, the AKP and BDP increased electoral turnout. However, just one week later, the PKK conducted an ambush in Silvan, Diyarbakir. Everyone, including Ocalan and Erdogan, was shocked. The new strategy, called the Revolutionary People's War, took the Arab awakenings in Egypt, Tunisia, and Algeria as its model. The PKK aimed to turn Diyarbakir into Tahrir Square of Egypt and spread its war through Diyarbakir via all the Kurds. The paper will discuss the PKK's new strategy, the State's reaction, and the BDP's policies in the framework of war of attrition theory. It proposes that because the PKK couldn't afford such a bloody war, it tried to share the costs of the war with the Kurds. Lack of support from the Kurds led to the PKK's washout, which paved the way for ongo- ing negotiations with Ocalan.


A permanent magnet brushless machine for wind power with novel concentrated windings is introduced in this paper.The special combination of stator slots/rotor poles is employed in the machine,resulting in high power density and low cogging torque.The distinct topology and operation principle are analyzed by using a 3-phase 24/22-pole prototyped machine as an example.Based on finite element method,the design aspects of the prototyped generator are presented.Finally,the experimental results from the prototyped machine,including electro-magnetic-force(EMF),electromagnetic torque,output power and efficiency validate the design.It shows that the open-circuit EMF waveforms are inherently sinusoidal with concentrated windings and without skewing of stator slots or rotor poles,and hence it exhibits significantly higher torque density and efficiency.The results lay a new choice for small wind power generation system.


Salivary gland tumors are one of the rare entities having the annual incidence rate of 0.5 to 2 per 100,000 persons[7]. Majority of them are benign,
only 20% cases are malignant. They usually present as painless mass in the oral cavity or close to their anatomical location. The main challenge is to
differentiate between the benign and the malignant ones. Thus, various imaging modalities are used. Investigations such as ne needle aspiration
cytology and MRI scans provide some useful information, but most cases will require tissue diagnosis to come to a denitive conclusion. Hence,
biopsy or histopathological study of the surgically excised tissue is the gold standard for diagnosis. Benign tumour and early low-grade
malignancies can be adequately treated with surgery alone, while more advanced and high-grade tumour with regional lymph node metastasis will
require postoperative radiotherapy[11]. The role of chemotherapy remains largely palliative. In this article, we have presented a series of cases with
uncommon tumors involving the various salivary glands.


Recently, a new type of duality was found in some deformable mechanical networks, which induces a hidden symmetry when the structures taking the self-dual configuration. However, these structures are usually found accidentally and the origin of this duality is still unclear. In this work, we clarify the mechanism of this duality and propose a design principle of 2D periodic self-dual structures with arbitrary complexity. We find that this duality originates from the partial center inversion (PCI) symmetry of the hinge, which gives the structure an extra freedom degree without modifying its dynamics. For 2D mechanical hinge chains, this PCI symmetry results in dynamic isomers, i.e., dissimilar chain configurations, either periodic or aperiodic, having identical dynamic modes. More importantly, it also enables us to design various 2D periodic isostatic networks with this hinge duality. At last, by further studying a 2D non-mechanical (magnonic) system, we show that the duality and the associated hidden symmetry should exist in a broad range of Hamiltonian systems.


Minimal processing of fruits and vegetables is gaining more importance in the consumer market by presenting products with great convenience, high nutritive value, excellent sensory quality and guarantee of sanity. The offer of minimally processed jackfruit is an alternative, due to operational difficulties presented by the fruit, being a laticifera plant, which restricts the handling and consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage temperature (3 ° C and 6 ° C) in the conservation of jackfruit lasts minimally processed by physico-chemical and sensory analyzes. Processed fruits differed in relation to raw fruits for pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and vitamin C, except for moisture, which averaged 72.3%. The product minimally had processed similar to the fresh fruit sensory quality, demonstrating the potential to be used as convenient product.


2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-Β-D-Glucoside (TSG), a main bioactive component of polygonum multiflorum Thumb, exerts anti-oxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory effects. However, the protective effects of TSG on hepatocytes through anti-inflammatory effects have rarely been investigated. Mouse liver macrophages (Kupffer cells, KUP5 cells) were primed with various concentrations of TSG before Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, and AML12 hepatocytes were cultured with the supernatants of KUP5 cells. The results showed that TSG inhibits the expression of iNOS in KUP5 cells. Meanwhile, Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) and interleukin-1Β (IL-1Β) expression in KUP5 cells were reversed after TSG treatment. Additionally, the expression of Peroxisome Proliferators-Activated Receptors-γ (PPAR-γ) was up-regulated while the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB-a were decreased in KUP5 cells after TSG treatment. Furthermore, GW9662 (PPAR-γ antagonist) treatment could eliminate the anti-inflammatory effects of TSG. In AML12 hepatocytes, the level of AST, ALT, and apoptosis was decreased after being cultured with the supernatants of KUP5 cells pretreated with TSG. Moreover, TNF-a neutralization of KUP5 cells supernatants could decrease the level of AST, ALT, and AML12 hepatocyte apoptosis. These results indicate that TSG activates PPAR-γ, thereby decreasing nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) activation and reducing the release of TNF-a in macrophages to protect hepatocytes from injury. Our study may help further understand the protective effects of TSG on hepatocytes by suppressing liver inflammation.


By observing the higher-order Bragg peaks corresponding to the layer spacing, the smectic-layer order parameters up to the third order were obtained and the center-of-mass distribution function along the layer normal was calculated. The results clearly indicate that the smectic layer distribution is different from a sinusoidal density wave in antiferroelectric liquid crystals and that the smectic- (Sm) layer order is relatively higher in antiferroelectric Sm-[ital C][sub [ital A]][sup (*)] than in ferroelectric Sm-[ital C][sup (*)]. There exists a correlation between the stable antiferroelectricity and the higher smectic-layer order.


Why and how did the special education for the blind start in Taiwan? Industrialization and mandatory education have been considered two main reasons leading to the emergence of special education in the West. The disabled were unable to make a living in traditional ways due to the changes following industrialization, and thus needed to be reeducated in a special educational system. On the other hand, those who were unfit for the regular education system were also sent to special education to keep mass education running smoothly. This study uses documentary sources, government legislation, and oral histories to explore the emergence and development of special education in Taiwan from 1891 to the 1970s. Results show that special education in Taiwan does not follow the path of the West, but has its own unique practice rooted within particular political, economic and social contexts.


We apply theoretical tools from the onto-semiotic approach to present skill levels on tasks requiring visualization and spatial reasoning. These scales are derived from the analysis of visualization and spatial reasoning skills involved in solving a questionnaire supplied to 400 pre-service primary teachers. In order to set skill levels, we describe different types of cognitive configurations considering the network of mathematical objects involved in solving the items. The results show that there may be several configurations at each level and the levels depend on both certain conditions of the task and the visualization skills required. In most cases, the ratio of students expressing high level is significantly below than those of exhibiting low level. The analysis manifests that students put into play variety and quantity of visual objects and processes; however, most did not reach the solution successfully. This leads to the need for specific training actions.


Networks which span organizational boundaries are an important source of knowledge. According to literature they provide flexible access to new knowledge. This paper aims to explore and understand the utilization of highly skilled contractors with regards to organizational knowledge. Based on the theory of social capital and empirical data a grounded theoretical framework is developed. The framework describes contingencies for utilizing contractors' knowledge. Furthermore, we argue that organizational knowledge is mainly created by connecting knowing individuals. In this context our findings indicate that firms embark on strategies of weak and strong ties when utilizing knowledge within a contractor network. These strategies are balanced in the course of time and according to the dynamics of the environment.


Introduction: Estrogen depletion after menopause is accompanied by bone loss and architectural deterioration of trabecular bone. The hypothesis underlying this work is that the μMRI‐based virtual bone biopsy can capture the temporal changes of scale and topology of the trabecular network and that estrogen supplementation preserves the integrity of the trabecular network.


A successful seismic design for a reinforced concrete element is one that can postpone the shear failure until the required ductility and deformation capacity are obtained. After flexural yielding, shear deformations are the main causes for strength and stiffness degradation. An experimental program was carried out to explore the shear behaviour of flexural plastic hinges of elements constructed with different concrete strengths (30–175 MPa) tested under load reversals. The specimen represented a beam–column assembly and was designed to have the inelastic deformation at the beam end only. The research investigated the effect of shear deformations on the hysteretic behaviour and stiffness deterioration, cyclic shear demands, shear resisting mechanisms, and the effect of concrete strength on the hinge shear strength. It was found that the effect of concrete strength on beam shear strength under cyclic loading differs from that under unidirectional loading.


In the article, the authors presented the results of studies on the improvement and development of theoretical and methodological principles and provided practical recommendations for selecting cost-effective options for the combined supply of electricity to the machine-building enterprise. The scientific approaches to the theoretical foundations and scientific and methodological providing of functioning of the organizational and economic mechanism of combined power supply of engineering enterprises. The principles of functioning of organizational and economic mechanism of combined power supply of engineering enterprises are defined. The main foundations of scientific and methodical approach to the complex evaluation of scenarios of combined power supply through the development, formulation and application of the system of organizational and economic solutions to reduce the cost of electric power for engineering enterprises. The structural model to choose cost-effective scenario of combined supply to the machine-building enterprises is suggested. It is improved the structure of the mechanism to increase the effectiveness of the system of organizational and economic solutions of the cost of supply from several sources of electric energy to the engineering enterprise. The scientific and methodical approach to the selection of cost-effective scenarios of combined supply of electricity to the machine-building enterprises is elaborated.


I wish to thank Ann Blum, Eileen Boris, Elizabeth Quay Hutchison, Jocelyn Olcott, Rebekah Pite, and the anonymous readers of the HAHR for their invaluable feedback on various versions of this paper. Catalina Saldaña Lagos provided very able research assistance. I am grateful to María Cristina Rojas and Carlos Eduardo Sánchez Aravena of the Casa Nacional del Niño for graciously permitting access to the files of the Casa de Huérfanos. 1. Casa de Huérfanos, Libros de Entradas (hereafter CHLE), 1896 – 98, 12994 (1897). Fernando Echeñique Zegers is not mentioned on the card, but based on the coincidence with his birth year (1897) he is most likely the infant in question. Isidora Zegers Tupper was married to Gabriel Echeñique Tagle. Their four children would marry into the elite families Undurraga Zañartu, Errázuriz Tagle, Varas Montt, and Searle Pardo. 2. Memoria de la Casa de Huérfanos, Ministerio del Interior (hereafter CHM), 1897.


1538 Background: Genetic testing is a routine practice in oncology care as outcomes of germline testing may impact surgical recommendations, open therapeutic options, as well as inform patients and family members of their cancer risks. Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital (LBJ) is a safety-net hospital that mainly serves low income and uninsured patients (pts), and LBJ oncology clinic is staffed by MD Anderson Medical Oncology faculty and fellows. Pre-test counseling with a certified genetic counselor was offered once a week by referral and transitioned to virtual template at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. This transition in addition to barriers unique to the underserved population led to a decrease in test completion rates and introduced a backlog as patients were re-referred for completion of testing. We discuss our strategies in decreasing a 9-month backlog over the course of one year. Methods: Re-introduction of an on-site general oncology genetic counselor twice a week was implemented in addition to maintaining the virtual platform once a week. The on-site genetic counselor was embedded in the physician's clinic and rotated to ensure coverage for all clinic days. Manual chart review was conducted by on-site genetic counselor and patients were rescheduled to in-person template in conjunction with other same day appointments to improve no-show rate. Patients electing to proceed with germline testing signed appropriate written consent, patient assistance financial forms, and submitted samples prior to leaving clinic. Results: From January 2019 through December 2022, a total of 1716 patients including re-referrals were scheduled and 728 patients seen. When genetic counseling service was available as referral outside of oncology clinic, the completed visit rate was 48%, which decreased to 26% in 2020 after COVID- 19 transition to virtual. The visit completion rate did improve to 36% in 2021 but the most improvement was seen with genetic counselor embedded in physician clinic with 69% in 2022. The number of genetic testing also increased with 79 ordered in 2021 to 211 ordered in 2022. Of those patients who met national criteria for germline testing and expressed verbal consent, 47% completed germline testing in 2021 which improved to 83% in 2022. Conclusions: In our experience, telehealth genetic services is not ideal in the underserved population as there are unique barriers. On-site embedded genetic counseling helps eliminate barriers by allowing patients to complete all steps necessary prior to leaving clinic, leading to successful test completion rates and improved quality of care.[Table: see text]


ABSTRACT. Vapor cloud explosions (VCEs) are very common in operating refineries and petrochemical plants. Limited guidelines are available in industry for design steel modules or piperacks subject to blast loading. The paper aims to provide industrial guidelines for practicing engineers and steel fabricators to optimize the design of steel modules and piperacks subject to blast loading. Analytical procedure is presented to calculate global dynamic response of piperacks and steel modules using multiple degree of freedom (MDOF) dynamic model. Operation loadings and structural design criteria of piperacks are also described. The formation mechanism of Vapour Cloud Explosions (VCEs) is then briefly described. Numerical example is then provided to illustrate the computation procedure. The proposed procedure avoids excessive computational cost required by numerical (FE) (CFD) procedures and can be used in practice to evaluate dynamic response of piperacks subject to blast loading with reasonable accuracy.


While there is a considerable history of work on visual texture, the definition of texture is still imprecise. However, it is generally agreed that a texture is spatially homogeneous and contains repeated visual patterns. In synthetic textures, such as horizontal lines, vertical lines or a checkerboard, the basic structure is repeated exactly. In natural textures, such as grass, wood, sand or rocks, there is some random variation in size, shape, intensity or colour in the repetitions of the basic structure. Figure 10.1 shows some examples of artificial (a,b) and natural (c,d) textures. Texture information is potentially very useful in computer vision applications such as image/video retrieval, automated industrial inspection and robot navigation. However, currently deployed systems do not use texture, primarily because current algorithms result in unacceptably long computation times. Fast and accurate texture recognition could have a major impact on the design of future vision systems.


Building rooftop data are of importance in several urban applications and in natural disaster management. In contrast to traditional surveying and mapping, by using high spatial resolution aerial images, deep learning-based building rooftops extraction methods are efficient and accurate. Although more training data is preferred in deep learning-based tasks, the effect of data volume on building extraction models is underexplored. Therefore, the paper explores the impact of data volume on the performance of building rooftop extraction from very-high-spatial-resolution (VHSR) images using deep learning-based methods. To do so, we manually labelled 0.12m spatial resolution aerial images and perform a comparative analysis of models trained on datasets of different sizes using popular deep learning architectures for segmentation tasks, including Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN)-8s, U-Net and DeepLabv3+. The experiments showed that with more training data, algorithms converged faster and achieved higher accuracy, while better algorithms were able to better mitigate the lack of training data.


The clover root weevil (CRW) (Sitona lepidus) has had, over the last two years, a major impact on pastoral farming in the greater Waikato area. Research into CRW biology, damage profile and financial impact is continuing and far from complete. A survey of farms in the affected areas in 1997/98 yielded a large volume of on-farm observations. A survey of the impact of CRW on clover on a single farm produced data that estimated the cost of CRW to this farming operation. These anecdotal findings are combined with initial results from a glasshouse experiment. Damage by CRW tended to be less on lighter (ash and pumice) soils than on heavier, more water-retentive (peat and clay) soils. Drought reduced CRW egg survival and the ratio of first instar larvae to number of eggs hatched. Damage was greater under hard than lax defoliation regimes and increased with increasing rates of mineral nitrogen application. Red clover appeared to be less affected by CRW than white clover. The general picture suggested that the level of stress placed on the clover plant played a major role in the impact of CRW on those clover plants: the higher the stress levels the greater the impact of CRW.


Information asymmetry is omnipresent within strategic alliances. This diversity in knowledge structure and content between team members comprising the alliance is complicated by the increasing trend of physical distribution of team members in international strategic alliances. While technical solutions to distance work abound, a strong and theoretically grounded approach to how best to implement these solutions is lacking. However, research in the area of shared cognition holds promise as an appropriate solution. This chapter presents a three-part framework for organizing research in the areas of shared cognition and CSCW (Computer Supported Collaborative Work) so that strategic alliance managers will have a resource for implementing their technologically mediated teams. IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This paper appears in the publication, Utilizing Information Technology in Developing Strategic Alliances Among Organizations edited by Salustiano Martinez-Fiero, Jose-Aurelio Medina-Garrido, Jose Ruiz-Navarro© 2006, Idea Group Inc. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB12987 The Role of Shared Cognition and CSCW in Strategic Alliances 75 Copyright © 2006, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. Introduction Consider, if you will, an international strategic alliance based on a composite of several case study investigations. This hypothetical alliance, comprised of two manufacturing corporations, one U.S.-based and one based in France, each engaging in cooperation as a means to gain access to the other organization's market-specific information and thereby open new markets for its own products. Within this alliance, a globally distributed team (comprising members from the Chicago and San Francisco offices of the U.S. firm as well as members from the Paris and Toulouse offices of the French firm) was tasked with developing a marketing strategy for the U.S. firm's product line in France. To begin their work, the team manager scheduled a videoconference between the four offices so that the team could ensure that everyone was on the same page as far as tasking and responsibilities. The meeting went well as a general introduction between the teams and produced a rough course of action. However, several weeks later, the team scheduled a second videoconference to work on some specific details of the marketing plan; this time, the meeting was unproductive. The setup of the videoconference made it difficult for team members to establish an orderly discussion. Team members from various locations would speak over other members and the discussion was difficult for many to follow. The videoconference ended with no progress being made. Initially, the team manger was stunned at the general failure of the second videoconference, but in retrospect he realized that the nature of the videoconference format did not afford the type of communication necessary to deliberate points of a specific plan. In a second effort to accomplish the original goal of a well defined plan of action, the team manager decided to use a threaded discussion board on the team's Web site so that team members could post ideas relevant to particular aspects of the plan and respond to other's ideas in an orderly and deliberative manner. The change of collaboration mode yielded returns in a rapid movement toward completion of the goal of the team and, subsequently, of the alliance. Scenarios such as this are increasingly commonplace. Rapid growth in the amount of inter-organizational collaboration has been a consistent trend in the knowledge-based economy. Organizations continue to focus on and grow their core expertise, choosing to leverage that expertise with other specialized organizations in the form of strategic alliances. This paradigm maximizes the efficiency by which knowledge is brought to bear on the marketplace. However, the process of inter-organizational knowledge access is impeded by asymmetry in knowledge structure and content between team members constituting the alliance. A central benefit of the strategic alliance—access to expertise—is also 16 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the product's webpage: www.igi-global.com/chapter/role-shared-cognition-cscwstrategic/30706?camid=4v1 This title is available in InfoSci-Books, Business-TechnologySolution, InfoSci-Business Technologies, Business, Administration, and Management, InfoSci-Business and Management Information Science and Technology. Recommend this product to your librarian: www.igi-global.com/e-resources/libraryrecommendation/?id=1


The paper describes the development of a computer machine interface utilising software development and hardware devices and the incorporation of a machine vision system for on-line quality and proc...


In this paper, I will prove that the three praj?a(三智) is a point of "The Teaching of Samadhi of no Dispute in all...


An authenticated protocol is presented for routing purposes based on user trust and also describes the way how to use the authenticated protocol In order to create an impulsive wireless Ad Hoc networks which will be used in order to exchange the initial data and the secret keys. This protocol is also used for intruder detection i.e. detecting malicious nodes in the network. The secret keys will be used to encrypt the data. The authenticated protocol will run on the basis of the symmetric / asymmetric scheme and the trust between the users. Trust will build upon direct contact (Faceto-Face) between the users. Our proposed protocol is an automated one which can create the network and share the services through that network securely without any infrastructure. This authenticated network not only allows sharing the services but also allows starting new services among the existing users in it in secured way. There is no intermediate of external support, this protocol itself have all the functions needed. This abstract follows clear explanation of different stages in network, the communication, protocol messages and the network management. KeywordsAuthenticated protocol; ad-hoc; Impulsive network; Security; Intrusion detection;


The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of cristobalite on the strength and thermal properties of alumina-strengthened porcelain. The effects of milling time and sintering condition of mixtures on strength, density and thermal expansion properties were investigated by controlling the proportions of raw materials in compositions that generate cristobalite crystals upon heat treatment. At a composition of 15 mass% corundum, 8 mass% feldspar and 37 mass% fine-grained quartz powder, the highest bending strength of 230 MPa was attained with a bulk density of 2.6 × 10 3 kg.m -3 under appropriate milling conditions and with sintering above 1300°C. Although thermal expansion below 150°C was somewhat greater than that of general porcelain or alumina-strengthened porcelain, test bars of the porcelain resisted quenching with a temperature difference of 140°C, which assured its usability as porcelain for tableware.


Microstructure transformation due to thermomechanical processing has an acute effect the macroscopic properties of low‐carbon steels. This effect includes viscoplastic deformation and phase transformations. Hot forming processes such as press hardening are particularly affected. Most engineering applications require a combination of high strength and sufficient residual ductility, which can be achieved by the development of graded microstructures. Herein, the evolution of phase transformations is investigated by linking experiments and simulations to produce graded microstructures. For this purpose, an extended material model is proposed to represent the evolution of phase transformations under inhomogeneous heating and cooling strategies. On the experimental side, phase transformations are identified during thermomechanical treatment of flat steel specimens using digital image correlation and thermal imaging. Based on the experimental results, the material parameters are identified, and the simulation model is validated. On the numerical side an algorithm for the finite‐element simulation of phase transformations in low‐carbon steels is proposed. The evolution of phase transformations is presented for the simulation of a tensile specimen using the finite‐element method.


fibrous structure intended to form the central ply giving thickness to a complex textile reinforcement involved in the production of a composite material consisting of fibers, of high individual having an effect of "spring". It characterized in that the conformation in web form said high titer of the fibers is performed by carding, and in that continuously immediately after completion of the carded web is projected to the surface of the latter fibers or continuous filaments glass fall to randomly flat in all directions, the assembly then being subjected to a mechanical needling treatment causing said fibers or glass filaments through the entire thickness of the web of synthetic fibers, such so that it comes out on the opposite face, the structure being then receptionnee in the form of a winding.


In this paper, we present an efficient method for recommending hotels for the users. Conventional hotel recommendation systems recommend hotels based on non-spatial attributes of hotels such as price and rating and do not utilize surrounding environments well. In contrast, we consider the coexistence of other facilities such as restaurants and entertainment facilities in the surrounding areas while selecting a hotel for recommendation. We first evaluate the surrounding environment of each hotel. Then, we consider user provided reviews about hotels where he stayed earlier. Based on the user's review, we calculate preferences of that user. Finally, we calculate similarity score between the hotels and the user's preferences and select the top-k hotels. We perform different experiments to show the effectiveness of our approach. Experimental evaluation shows that our approach is well applicable for recommending hotels for the users.


Maternity care assistants (MCAs) are becoming a necessary part of the healthcare workforce as the workload of the midwife increases and the number of qualified midwives falls. These MCAs have been under fire by the press recently for taking on duties not suited to their experience or qualifications. This article will consider what they are are actually allowed to do in the field of midwifery and and how their developing role will benefit themselves, their colleagues and most of all, their patients.


Recieved: 09/11//2018 Accepted: 10/12/2018 Trinh Thanh Phong is one of the typical writers of prose in Tuyen Quang. At the age of sixty five, he has not only contributed much good writing such as novels, poems and stories, for Tuyen Quang literature in particular and Vietnamese literature in general, but also has won awards abroad. "Land at Plains of Jars" is a novel which got Dong Duong Award in the Mekong River Literature Prizes. These were the friendship prizes among Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia awarded in Phnom Penh city in 2008. This paper addresses issues concerning the cachet of Laos culture (especially in friendship between Laos and Vietnam), base on the novel "Plains of Jars"..


Kingdome Differing from Other in Europe… Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Seventeenth‑Century English Language Publications The article discusses the image of Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth in seventeenth‑century English language publications, particularly geographic and historical ones. The author proposes a new evaluation and method of interpreting the existing sources, e.g. diplomatic materials and travel accounts, by taking into account the real readership of these texts depending on their type, specific editions as well as the readers' market. In case of England and Scotland, sources decidedly indicate that due to their developed forms and large number of publications which included information on the Commonwealth, readers could acquire enough information to form a relatively precise opinion of their own on the Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth.


List of names of men who fought in World War II that is posted on a fence outside St. Mary's Catholic Church in Marfa, Texas. It includes names of the men who died and veterans.


Nowadays, anonymous manipulation of digital data with malicious intention is increasing at an enormous rate. With the advent of various technologies, multimedia signal can easily be downloaded, copied and manipulated at any point of time without much effort. Watermark is the pattern of bits added to the multimedia signals, such as audio, video or images, such that this can be extracted and used to check the authenticity of the received signal. The field of watermarking is growing at a fast pace. Watermarking techniques can be used for a variety of applications such as authentication, video indexing, copyright protection and access control. In this paper, CDMA based robust watermarking algorithm using Discrete Cosine Transform is modified for more robust and computationally efficient applications using Walsh Hadamard Transform. Performed a detailed simulation of both the techniques and compared the results. Compared to the existing technique the proposed technique is proved to be more resistant to attacks, computationally and cost wise more efficient. The new technique results in a good quality extracted watermark even at a low embedding gain even though the information hiding capacity is comparatively less.


A real-time surveillance system for IP network cameras is presented. Motion, part-body, and whole-body detectors are efficiently combined to generate robust and fast detections, which feed multiple compressive trackers. The generated trajectories are then improved using a re-identification strategy for long term operation.


This paper demonstrates how uniform circular antenna array (UCA) factor and MATLAB® can be combined to study the number of elements required to generate a mode for orbital angular momentum (OAM). The MATBLAB® simulation shows how many elements should be used to generate the radiation pattern without having to design the structures in an electromagnetic simulator first. The capability is demonstrated with an antenna array formed by 8 dipoles designed and fabricated on a 0.127 mm-thick FR4 laminate substrate, with a relative permittivity of 3.65 and loss tangent of 0.013. To improve the overall gain a backside planar reflector is realized by a 0.64 mm thick Rogers RT/duroid 5880. We illustrate that the reflector position will not affect the total OAM mode in the forward direction and only impacts radiation gain. ANSYS HFSS is used to optimize the array, reflector position and feeding network design. The results include simulation and measured far-field radiation patterns, and phase distributions at 73 GHz. The reflector provides 2.2 dB improvement in gain compared to a design without one. The measured radiation pattern is directed in only one hemisphere and agrees with the simulation.


This paper highlights the petrography and sedimentology study carried out for Khuff gas reservoir of Bahrain field. The topics include a review of the core analysis Electrical, Sonic, Full bore Formation Micro Imager (FMI) logs, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) studies. The study helped in explaining the mineralogy, dolomitization, diagenesis and evolution of the pore system of the reservoir. The study indicated four different facies (a) Peloidal-lime-grainstone to Packstone, Skeletal lime grainstone facies which is interpreted as being very coarse grained, deposited relatively with a high energy, shoal environment, (b) Bioturbated-Lime- Mudstone & Lime-wackestones facies, which are interpreted to be that of lagnoonal environment. (c) Dolomudstone facies, with dolomitized mud supported sediments are interpreted as shallow, restricted lagoon in a supratidal setting. (d) Dolopackstone facies, interpreted as being deposited within a shoal environment. According to the study, depositional environment is identified as lagoonal during transgressive phase and shoal during regressive phase. The diagenesis is dominated by compaction indicated by tight textures in mud rich samples and deformation of framework grains. Porosity enhancement is seen due to the grain dissolution and rare fracturing while porosity destruction is carried by compaction of sparse calcite cement and dolomite. Calcite is the dominant mineral in some samples. The clay content is found to be very minor. SEM analysis showed the presence of good porosity including inter-particle and inter-crystalline porosity. The average porosity is about 17% and the permeability is about 60 md and very few fractures are observed in this formation. This integrated study helped in understanding the reservoir heterogeneity and its potential based on which current wells were completed appropriately and this would also aid in completing the future wells productively.


The fifth anniversary of the statutory recognition procedure in Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 presents a timely opportunity to evaluate the Central Arbitration Committee's (CAC) work in administering the recognition procedure. This article analyses the CAC's interpretive approach in three aspects of the recognition procedure: the 'majority support likely' threshold in determining the admissibility of the union's recognition claim, the contours of the bargaining unit, and deciding whether to order a ballot in situations where the union already has majority membership amongst the workers in the bargaining unit. In each of these contexts, the article concludes that the CAC is resolving ongoing interpretive disputes in a manner that is sensitive to the underlying political values at stake.


Previous work in this laboratory has emphasized the fact that cod liver oil contains vitamin E. Some investigators have not had success with cod liver oil as a source of this vitamin, so it was deemed advisable to test different cod liver oils for their potency in the reproductive vitamin. The rations consisted of casein 18.0, salt mixture 185, 3.7, yeast 12, different cod liver oils from 1 to 5, and dextrin to 100%. Eight cod liver oils were examined. The growing ration served as a control and was outstandingly the best of the group. The growing ration gave a value of 5.4, whereas the oils gave the following figures: 1.79, 1.12, 0.88, 0.73, 0.72, 0.66, 0.56, and 0.08. The figures represent the number of young produced per female per month on each ration. Some of the oils contain far more vitamin E than others, although they contain less than some of our natural foods. The mortality of the young varied with the kind of oil and the level at which administered. Five percent of one oil gave a mortality of 18%, while the same amount of another oil gave a mortality of 100%. The mortality with the first oil was no higher than on the growing ration. A 3% level of the better oil mentioned above gave a mortality of 9%, whereas the other oil gave a mortality of 70%. A considerable number of females died in pregnancy on the various cod liver oil rations. The mortalities of the females in pregnancy on the different oils, expressed as percent, were: 14, 5, 43, 36, 17, 19, 4, and 39. There appeared to be no relation between the mortality of the female and the potency of the oil in vitamin E.


This research aims to study relationship between the accounting information quality, delay in stock price adjustment and future stock returns in accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange, so 92 numbers of companies have been investigated during time period of 2008-2011. Research literature was extracted by the library study method and required financial data was extracted by referring to financial statements and new gift 3 software and they were summarized, classified and computed by software Excel and they finally were analyzed through software including Eviews and Stata. The results showed by using accomplished statistical methods at the 955 level of confidence and by benefiting from regression and Pearson test that there is a significant relationship between accounting information quality and delay in stock price adjustment and future stock return.


We will demonstrate two factorizations of L-functions associated with automorphic forms on GL(n, R), where one factor is a Riemann zetafunction and the other is an L-function associated to an automorphic form for GL(n 1, R) . These will be obtained by establishing the commutation of the Hecke operators and the ?-operator, a homomorphism from automorphic forms on GL(n, R) to automorphic forms on GL(n 1, R) .


The Moonsnail Project engages middle school students in discovery and the process of science by making them collaborators with scientists in the investigation of a genuine scientific hypothesis. During summer 2001, teachers from 14 coastal schools around the U.S. (Alaska, Washington, Oregon, New Jersey, North Carolina, Georgia and Florida) learned about the ecology and paleoecology of marine ecosystems and how to involve students in the collection and analysis of data to document the spatial variation of moonsnail drilling predation. Thirteen of the fourteen participating teachers (93%) from the first workshop incorporated the Moonsnail Project into their curriculum and have actively pursued the collection of data for research. In essence, the students in this project are participating in a research collaboration with other participating schools and scientists, using their data to test existing hypotheses about naticid predation and hypotheses that they develop about marine ecology and paleoecology. Students share their data electronically and communicate with scientists and each other using the project web site. In addition, a scientific conference was held in summer 2002, at which students presented the results of their research and teachers shared their curriculum and experiences. This conference also provided a vehicle for assessment of student learning outcomes. It is clear from reports from teachers and students, as well as newpaper articles, that teachers and students are extremely motivated by participation in a real scientific investigation, and that this excitement has extended to parents and the entire community.


LCT-granitic pegmatites as defined by (Cerny, 1991) are anomalously enriched in Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Sn, Ga, Ta>Nb, (B,P,F) and are host to many of the worlds most precious gemstones including emerald, chrysoberyl and topaz (Minas Gerais, Brazil), sapphire and ruby (Afghanistan and Pakistan), and gem tourmaline (Pala District, California). Twelve Minfile (MF) occurrences of LCT-pegmatites are recorded in BC, with all but one located within the Omineca Belt.


Abstractin this paper,a strong law of large numbers for function of Order 2 random walk in random environments are investigated.Moreover,when the process tending to positive infinity,some sufficient conditions on the law of large number are given.


This study aimed to implement blended learning in Integrated Science Learning Course for undergraduate students by using three parameters, namely, validity, practicality, and effectivity. The research design was post-test group design. This research was conducted for eight months in Science Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The data of research were collected in three ways, that were, validation, observation, and test. The results obtained in this study indicated that the blended learning was: (1) valid based on the expert judgments laid on didactic requirements, construction, content, and technical aspect; (2) practicable in which all teaching and learning instructions were implemented well; and (3) effective in which all students and groups learning could exceed the minimum limit score for cognitive learning outcomes and skills.


Abstract A non-motile mutant of Pseudomonas putida was selected by transposon mutagenesis of the motile wild-type strain isolated from spinach roots. The mutant was indistinguishable from the motile wild-type strain in terms of growth in laboratory media. When separately inoculated to spinach rhizo-sphere, no significant difference in the root colonization activity was observed between the mutant and the wild type. However, when a 1:1 cell mixture of the mutant and the wild-type strain was inoculated to the spinach rhizosphere, the rhizoplane population of the non-motile mutant was as low as one-sixtieth of that of the motile strain. This finding suggests that chemotactic movement is an essential trait for competitive colonization of the roots. In addition, chemotactic migration of the isolates from the root in a soil with low-salinity level (LR-isolates) was inhibited when the isolates were released to a soil with high-salinity level (H-soil). To reveal the factors inhibiting the chemotactic migration of...


Online fi rst: June 29, 2018 SUMMARY Introduction Bilateral abdominoscrotal hydrocele is a rare entity in childhood. The etiology of abdominoscrotal hydrocele has not been fully clarified. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment is surgery. Case outline This paper presents an eight-month-old boy who was admitted at the department of pediatric surgery due to bilateral swellings in the scrotum area. The changes were first noticed when he was three months old and the diagnosis of bilateral abdominoscrotal hydrocele was confirmed after the scrotum ultrasound examination. When the patient was six and eight months old, the symptoms have significantly increased, the magnetic resonance of the abdomen and the lesser pelvis was performed, and the bilateral abdominoscrotal hydrocele was successfully treated with inguinal surgery. The operative and postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion In this paper, we presented a rare form of hydrocele in children, as well as diagnostic evaluation that involved ultrasound and magnetic resonance examination. Surgical treatment by inguinal approach is also presented.


Concerned with the ways in which profeminist men's organizing is taking shape in contemporary Italy and Spain, this article focuses on the collective engagement of men working toward gender justice in the current context of globalized/localized economic crisis and information society. This article results from the author's PhD ethnographic research conducted among profeminist actors in Italy and Spain, and constitutes a reworked version of the paper presented at the American Men's Studies Association (AMSA) International Conference 2015 in New York City (NYC).


This research is to study the effects of aerobic exercise on the nitric oxide(NO) and anti-oxidation enzyme of rat with high-fat food,thus to study whether aerobic exercise can be used as a treatment besides medicine to prevent the accumulation of free radical and losing weight.This rearch is also to explore the mechanism of obesity and losing weight.The reagent kit of Nanjing Jiancheng Bio-engineering Corporation was used to determine the concentration of MDA,SOD,CAT,NO.The results showed that the SOD and CAT concentration in serum of high fat diet group were significantly decreased,the accumulation of MDA was obvious and the level of NO was decreased.The SOD and CAT concentration of high fat diet with aerobic exercise group were obviously increased,the accumulation of MDA is obviously climb,The level of NO in serum were significantly recovered.The weight growthing of obesity rats have been obviously inhabited.It is concluded that obesity was induced by high-fat diet,which can cause the concentration of serum anti-oxidation enzyme decreased.Aerobic exercise can inhibit the accumulating of free radical and recover the normal level of NO induced by high-fat diet.


these studies. MRSA ST239 is found in significantly high numbers in Eastern Australia, and is associated with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial resistance and epidemic potential. The qacA/B genes are thought to be located on multiresistance plasmids, such as pSK1, and co-transmitted with plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance genes; hence their association with this multiresistant strain of MRSA is logical. The high prevalence of this ST239 strain could be due to selective pressure from the use of antiseptic products and/or the widespread use of antimicrobial agents. Our findings suggest the latter, given the absence of a corresponding rise in qacA/B genes with increased antiseptic hand solution use; however, the baseline use of antiseptic agents within the hospital could also explain the high prevalence of qacA/B genes even prior to the hand hygiene campaign. In either case, the high prevalence of qacA/B-carrying MRSA strains is concerning and carries potential implications for antimicrobial treatment, infection control and also MRSA decolonization regimes that are becoming increasingly popular. Clinical studies evaluating the impact of these resistance genes on hand hygiene treatments are currently lacking. However, a recent study showed that colonization with chlorhexidine-resistant strains of MRSA was associated with an increased risk of persistent MRSA carriage after decolonization therapy. In addition, chlorhexidine decolonization protocols have been shown to select for MRSA ST239 strains, all of which carried qacA/B genes. In regions where the prevalence of MRSA ST239 already exists at high levels, the potential for decolonization treatment failure with these agents exists and warrants further attention. In conclusion, a high prevalence of qacA/B genes was found in HA-MRSA isolates in this study. These genes correlated closely with the MRSA strain ST239. These findings highlight the need for further evaluation into the clinical implications of these genes in this era of increasing antiseptic use in hand hygiene and decolonization strategies.


Motorists on Interstate 75 in southeastern Tennessee now have the benefit of a fog detection/warning system to keep them apprised of adverse highway conditions. The warning system monitors conditions along a three-mile highway section that has a history of severe fogging events. These conditions have resulted in several severe reduced visibility related crashes. The most recent crash involved a total of 99 vehicles in December 1990, which resulted in 12 fatalities and 42 injuries. The project was developed by a Tennessee Department of Transportation committee of public safety, traffic operations, design, construction, and maintenance, and Federal Highway Administration representatives.


Snakin-Z is a novel antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that is identified from the fruit of Zizyphus jujuba. This peptide is composed of 31 amino acids which is determined with the sequence of CARLNCVPKGTSGNTETCPCYASLHSCRKYG and molecular weight of 3318.82 Da. Snakin-Z is not identical to any AMP in the peptide database. According to this study, Snakin-Z potentially has antimicrobial property against bacteria and fungi. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of this peptide is suitable for antimicrobial activity. We assessed that Snakin-Z could affect Phomopsis azadirachtae with the MIC value of 7.65 μg/mL and vice versa Staphylococcus aureus with the MIC value of 28.8 μg/mL. Interestingly, human red blood cells also showed good tolerance to the Snakin-Z. On the basis of this study, Snakin-Z can be an appropriate candidate for therapeutic applications in the future due to its antimicrobial property.


/sup 2/H NMR spectra for homologous series of perdeuteriated n-alkanes solubilized in nematic solvents are reported. These flexible solutes acquiesce to the uniaxial environment of the solvent and thereby reflect the nature of the nematic mean field. Quantitative simulations of the quadrupolar splittings exhibited by the alkanes are carried out using a parametrized potential of mean torque in conjunction with an ensemble average over alkane conformers. Two parameterizations were selected in order to gauge the relative importance of attractive (dispersion) forces and repulsive (excluded volume) forces. A detailed examination of the resulting angular dependence of the potential is shown for hexane along with a critical evaluation of the rotational isomeric state approximation itself. The findings suggest that while the latter approximation is adequate, a more elaborate specification of the orientational potential of mean torque for solutes is required - one that explicitly and rigorously couples attractive and repulsive intermolecular interactions.


The 1992 moratorium on fishing for Northern Cod marked a symbolic end to the way of life that had sustained Newfoundland's outports for hundreds of years. It also marked the completion of an ecological regime shift, from an ocean ecosystem dominated by cod and other predatory groundfish, to one in which such fish are comparatively scarce, and lower-trophic-level invertebrates more common. We examine patterns of change seen in large-scale social indicators, which reflect the smaller-scale adaptations of individuals and communities during this ecological shift. Trends in population, migration, age, unemployment and dependency suggest declining conditions in rural Newfoundland over the years of fisheries troubles. The 1992 crisis accelerated previous trends, but did not produce great discontinuities. Some trends date instead to the late-1980s resource-depletion phase that ended the "glory years" of Newfoundland's groundfish boom. Government interventions meant to soften the economic impact of the 1992 crisis also blunted its social impacts, effectively postponing or distributing these over a number of subsequent years. Outport society is adapting to shifts in the regulatory and global-market environment, as well as changing marine ecology. Adaptive strategies include new investments in invertebrate fisheries, changes in education and migration, and continuing reliance on the informal economy.


A 5×2×2 factorial experiment was conducted using 300 Ross 305 broiler chicks aged 3 h after removing from hatcher to examine the effects on physiological adaptive parameters of post hatch fasting (PHF; 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h), intrayolk sac (IYS) inoculation of olive oil (0 or 0.7ml) and sex. The weight loss percentage was significantly greater in the chicks received IYS inoculation of 0.7ml olive oil than non-injected birds at 24, 36 and 48 h age. Yolk residual utilization was 0.0664 and 0.1011 g/h in the injected and non-injected birds, respectively, over the PHF periods of 12 to 48 h. Independent of sex, liver weight was increased (P<0.001) and breast (P<0.05) and leg percentage (P<0.05) were decreased as PHF extended from 12 to 48 h with no difference between the injected and non-injected chicks (P>0.05). Serum GLU level was decreased by 36.03 and 40.31mg/dl in the injected and noninjected birds (P>0.05), respectively. Serum TP, ALB, CRE, URE and UA levels were significantly increased over the extended periods of fasting up to 48 h. Serum very low density lipoproteins concentration was greater in the olive oil-injected birds compared with non-injected chicks at 48 h (P<0.05). The chicks received olive oil inoculation showed greater serum triglycerides and P concentrations than non-injected birds at 36 and 48 h of age. It was concluded that IYS inoculation of 0.7ml olive oil did not aid the increased energy demands in the fasted neonate chicks resulting in greater weight loss and diverged metabolic responses presumably due to intensified ketosis.


The paper looks at the causes for cancellation of a number of suburban rail routes in Russia's regions, and proposes possible solutions to the problem, one of which is reinstating the centralised railway services system which existed under the Transportation Ministry, and proved its performance capabilities and high efficiency.


Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) have been very popular for the network embedding problem that maps nodes in a graph to vectors in a Euclidean space. In this short paper, we show that a special class of GCNs compute approximations of dominant eigenvectors of symmetric matrices with zero column sums.


A method is presented for collecting data which yield a scale on which the entities are ranked in preference and all combinations of value distances are ranked (higher-ordered metric scale). The method is based on the concept of secondary preference, i.e. preference among preferences. This method is compared with a classical method based on 50–50 game comparison. Two empirical studies are presented. The first examines whether both methods yield the same ordering of value distances. The second involves empirical derivation of a higher-ordered metric scale.


An historic garden on the outskirts of New Plymouth is renowned for its landscaping, stunning plantings and majestic old trees. It is also the site of one of architect James Chapman-Taylor's best known works. Taranaki based freelance journalist Ross Nolly visits Tupare Garden, which attracts between 2-3000 visitors annually.


Model‐based estimates of key HIV indicators depend on past epidemic trends that are derived based on assumptions about HIV disease progression and mortality in the absence of antiretroviral treatment (ART). Population‐based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) household surveys conducted between 2015 and 2018 found substantial numbers of respondents living with untreated HIV infection. CD4 cell counts measured in these individuals provide novel information to estimate HIV disease progression and mortality rates off ART.


This paper provides a proposed means to estimate parameters of noise corrupted oscillator systems. An application for a submarine combat control systems (CCS) rack is described as exemplary of the method.


It is possible to consider the Web as an extension of Malraux's "Musee Imaginaire" (museum without walls), even though this takes place through the use of new techniques for the reproduction and the circulation of images. By studying three specific projects on the Web that can be included in the lineage of the museum without walls, it is possible to study the issues that extend and those that renew the imaginary of the "Musee Imaginaire". These include questioning the type of relation between the internet users and this new type of museum, the relation to the idea of cultural democratization, as well as the question of a possible "infinity" of this "Musee Imaginaire" of the Web, and finally that of the status of the work and of its digital image in this new context.


This article employs roll call vote data and Bayesian ideal point estimation to examine inter-party dynamics in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies between 1989 and 2007. It highlights the presence in the Argentine Congress of a strong government vs. opposition dimension as well as identifies the relative position on this dimension, vis-à-vis the governing party, of the most prominent non-governing parties. Special attention is paid to the evolution of inter-party legislative dynamics during Argentina's brief experience with coalition government (1999-2001) and to party behavior in the Chamber during the final two years of President Néstor Kirchner's term in office (2005-07).


On behalf of the author team, we thank Hu and Ding for noting our study to be interesting. Hu and Ding raise pertinent questions related to reproducibility of the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images and intraand interobserver variability. We do acknowledge that the OCTA examination can take a long time, and patient eye movement can be a confounder in any analyses. There are two issues to be considered. One is the reproducibility of the OCTA image and the other is the reproducibility of the local fractal dimension method. In the latter case, as long as the same regions of the same OCTA image are analyzed, the output of the analyses method will be the same, and reproducibility will be excellent. This is logically sound. In the former case, reproducibility may be an issue, if there are significant motion artifacts. In the study by Gadde et al. only patients with normal eyes and relatively stable fixation were used. As such, motion artifacts were minimal in the study cohort images. Figures 1A and 1B from Gadde et al. show an example of an OCTA image with artifacts and the corresponding local fractal dimension analyzed image, respectively. The motion artifacts are evident in both images. Thus, it was relatively easy to eliminate such images from the analyses or revise the study by analyzing repeatability of the OCTA examinations in normal eyes with the local fractal analyses method, if such images had occurred in the study cohort. Gadde et al. also corroborated the results (magnitude of vessel density and its regional distribution around the fovea) of the study with physiologic studies on normal eyes of animals, which did not suffer from any motion artifacts. If motion artifacts played a significant role in the analyzed data, such an agreement between animal eye studies and the study by Gadde et al. may not have been possible. We do concur that disease eyes may require repeat OCTA examinations because such patients may not have stable fixation. This needs to be assessed in future studies. Also with the faster swept source OCTA devices available now, the repeatability of OCTA images can only improve.


Utilization of medicinal plants by familiar farmers from "Assentamento SepéTiaraju" (Serra Azul-SP). The aim of this work was to valorize the traditional knowledge and traditional medicines of "Assentamento Sepé-Tiaraju", by the survey of vegetables species used by familiar agricultures, identifying parts of plants used. · The collection of data was accomplished on "Assentamento de Base Agroecológica Sepé-Tiaraju", on municipal district of Serra Azul-SP. The method "Bola de Neve" was used to choose the informers (10 people). Structured and semi-structured interviews had been carried out, and data were logged in field notebook, with the previous authorization of familiar agricultures. The species used were collected noticing which parts of plants were used and how each product were prepared . The plants cited were collected for propagation and herborization . Botanic identification of collected plants was realized and it were deposited in official , herbarium. The results indicate that, as the familiar agricultures the most plants used by them are cultivated . The use of barks and roots was few times cited . It furnishes , along the cultive of plants, the conservation of vegetal species. Leaves were the mainly vegetal part used by the informers, but they do not differ the methods of prepare.


In the context of sustainable development, it is of practical importance to study whether ESG performance can influence stock price volatility. This paper empirically analyzes the impact of corporate ESG performance on stock price volatility using a sample of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China, from 2011-2021. It is found that corporate ESG performance can significantly reduce stock price volatility, and this finding remains robust after controlling for sample selection bias, changing the measurement of key variables, and transforming the empirical model. Mechanistic tests suggest that analyst attention and corporate reputation are potential mechanisms of influence between ESG performance and stock price volatility. Further study finds that investor sentiment contributes to ESG performance in reducing stock price volatility. This paper provides operational evidence for ESG performance to play a positive screening role, stabilize stock markets and promote high-quality development of listed companies.


In 1911 an article was published by the writer in the Annals of the Ent. Soc. of America, entitled "Some Notes on Heredity in the Coccinellid Genus Adalia Muls." This paper comprised all of the forms of Adalia at that time known to the writer to have been taken in Colo., viz., melanopleura Lee, annectans Crotch, coloradensis Casey, and humeralis Say. These forms were all found to interbreed freely, the different types acting as Mendelian units. In the spring of 1916 experiments were begun for the purpose of determining the biological relation between these forms and A. bipunctata Linn.


Purpose: To examine postoperative sensory recovery of patients who used Nerbridge® for sensory nerves, and the indications. Subjects and methods: We investigated length of the transplanted nerve, postoperative sensory evaluation, and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score in patients who underwent surgery at our center and could be followed up for at least 6 months. The participants were 11 patients (8 men and 3 women) with 17 nerves for study whose mean age at the time of injury was 48 years (15-64 years) and mean follow-up period was 14.4 months (6-28 months). We used the Semmes Weinstein (SW) test for postoperative sensory evaluation. Results: Mean length of the transplanted nerve was 17.3 mm (3-41 mm); the sensory evaluation had 8 patients in the blue range, 6 in the purple range, and 3 in the red range; and the mean DASH score was 16.3 points (1.7-37.5 points). The results tended to be unfavorable for patients with severe injuries such as an amputated finger and those with relatively long transplanted nerves. The results of this study indicated that Nerbridge® worked well with digital nerve deficits on the order of 20 mm. Discussion: When the results following artificial nerve transplants were as good as or better than nerve autografts, the donor site was not problematic and the transplantations with artificial nerves were clearly useful. The product would be decomposed and absorbed in vivo in approximately 3 months. Although the product can be used for a maximum length of 50 mm, in a deficit over 30 mm, the regenerating nerve might be metabolized before reaching its distal nerve stump; thus, a nerve autograft would be preferred in that situation.


Objective To explore the change and significance of serum insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) level in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods 60 elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke were collected and divided into senile group and elder group according to patient's age,30 cases in each group. Another 30 healthy elderly people were collected and designed as control group. Level of IGF-1 was detected by IRMA and compared among three groups. Results Compared with control group,levels of IGF-1 in senile group and elder group decreased significantly(P 0.01),and the level of which in the senile group was significantly lower than that in the elder group(P 0. 05). Conclusion Level of IGF-1 decreases significantly in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke,and the monitoring of IGF-1 level show a very important significance in the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke.


To create cultural brand is the internal need of enhancing the development of national cultural industry. We collected total of 1526 articles relevant to cultural band from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to analyse the data with bibliometrics, social network analysis. We divided the cultural brand research into three stages basing on the changes in the number of papers published each year which has been increasing recently and compared each stage according to their characteristics. The results indicate that the overall cultural brand research, characterized by diversification, shows more decentralization in the content. There are more researches focusing on Chinese traditional culture and innovation development of cultural industry due to the urgent need of the development of Chinese cultural brand. In addition, some traditional fields, such as cultural industry and regional culture, always attract more attention in all stages, while the topics that reflect the development of the time can also be popular in certain stage.


Contents: Introduction Housing deprivation in the EU Fuel poverty in the EU: developing a composite measurement The severity of fuel poverty in Ireland Housing deprivation and self-reported health in the EU Fuel poverty and health in Ireland Fuel-poor households and risk factors Fuel poverty, thermal comfort and household occupancy in Ireland Excess winter mortality in the EU: identifying key risk factors Policy implications, strategies and recommendations Summary and conclusions Appendices Bibliography Index.


This research aims to (1) find out the process of oil palm harvesting using family harvesting methods in the oil palm company of PT Borneo Indah Marjaya (2) Figuring the cost structure of the oil palm harvesting process using family harvesting methods at PT Borneo Indah Marjaya oil palm company. This research was conducted from July to August 2018. The place of research was decided by purposive sampling method, which was deliberately taken place at PT Borneo Indah Marjaya, Laburan Village, Paser Blengkong District, Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, with the consideration that PT Borneo Indah Marjaya applied the family harvesting methods. Data collection in this research was done through observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the harvesting process using the family harvesting methods, in general, is the same as the individual harvest process but the family harvesting methods facilitates two workers (husband and wife) in a certain area and the division of tasks between husbands that harvesting the palm fruits and the wife that collecting the palm loose fruits (brondolan). The cost structure of the palm oil harvesting process using the family harvesting methods derived from the total fixed costs incurred by the company that using the same methods and it's numbered Rp. 15,974,500, while the variable costs are Rp. 2,577,621,975. Based on fixed costs and variables, the total cost is Rp. 2,593,596,475.


The submerged flat-sheet membrane bioreactor(MBR) and reverse osmosis(RO) process were used to design the leachate from Landfill Site in Liuzhou City.The design capacity of the treatment project was 100 m3/ d.The design parameters,features,main structure,and device of this process were presented,and the economic evaluation of this process was presented to provide a reference to its engineering application.


The Forming limit diagram (FLD), also known as a forming limit curves (FLC), is generally used in metal forming for predicting forming behavior of metals. The purpose of the study is to clarify the difference among the FLC of tubes with initial wall-thickness difference under tension-compression strain states using finite element (FE) simulation of tube hydroforming (THF) and different instability criteria. Firstly, geometrical models for SUS304 stainless steel tubes with initial wall-thickness differences were built by introducing an index 'wall-thickness deviation rate'. Secondly, forced-end hydro-bugling of the tubes was modeled and the forming process was simulated by using the commercial finite element (FE) code ABAQUS/Explicit 6.10. Afterwards, the limiting strains of the material in the hydro-bugling process were calculated based on the simulated resultant data and three instability criteria--strain change criterion, strain rate change criterion and strain path change criterion, respectively. Finally, the FLD for the tubes was established and the effect of wall-thickness deviation rate on the FLD was analyzed and the differences among the FLC based on the three instability criteria were compared. The results showed that the FLC are observed to shift in the major–minor strain coordinate system due to the initial non-uniform wall-thickness; however, no distinct differences among the FLC based on the three instability criteria were observed.The Forming limit diagram (FLD), also known as a forming limit curves (FLC), is generally used in metal forming for predicting forming behavior of metals. The purpose of the study is to clarify the difference among the FLC of tubes with initial wall-thickness difference under tension-compression strain states using finite element (FE) simulation of tube hydroforming (THF) and different instability criteria. Firstly, geometrical models for SUS304 stainless steel tubes with initial wall-thickness differences were built by introducing an index 'wall-thickness deviation rate'. Secondly, forced-end hydro-bugling of the tubes was modeled and the forming process was simulated by using the commercial finite element (FE) code ABAQUS/Explicit 6.10. Afterwards, the limiting strains of the material in the hydro-bugling process were calculated based on the simulated resultant data and three instability criteria--strain change criterion, strain rate change criterion and strain path change criterion, respectively. Final...


It was in the late nineteenth century that American people realized America had drifted far too much away from its original dream and vision of Earthly Paradise it had always been associated with, And it could explain why there was such abundant production of utopian literature around that time. William Dean Howells's A. Traveler from Altruria was one of the most important American utopian speculations and designs. though with a few limitations in its vision. The novel concentrates more on the analysis and direct criticism of the unreasonable social system of the industrial American society than presenting a new ideal society. This study first seeks to examine some of the characteristics of the late nineteenth century American society. where individualism and competition, obsession with prosperity and commercialism, fetishism, and severe class division between the haves and the have-nets became principal social phenomena. In this conflicting social context this study continues to focus on analyzing some characteristics of middle and upper-middle class how they form the enemy of the efforts to realize a utopian society. The middle-class intellectual and professional people are categorized into three types in terms of their cultural. social. and religious falsehood and snobbism.


A disc brake OPERATION ELECTRIC PROTECTIVE backward movement. DISC BRAKE (10, 110, 310, 410) can be operated HYDRAULIC PRESSURE OR AN ELECTRIC MOTOR OR EXCLUSIVELY by an electric motor. ELECTRIC MOTOR (40, 340, 440) MOVES A PLANETARY GEAR (52, 352, 452) of a set of planet gears (50, 150, 350, 450). SET planet gears (50, 150, 350, 450) includes a fixed ring gear (70, 370, 470) and a crown DENTADA ROTARY (80, 180, 380, 480), the ring gear ROTARY (80, 180 , 380, 480) LESS TEETH CROWN GEAR SETS (70, 370, 470), SO rotation planet gears (54, 56, 58) makes a DESMULTPLICACION OF rOTATION CROWN TIMING ROTARY (80, 180, 380, 480). ROTATING TOOTHED CROWN (80, 180, 380, 480) engages a spindle (88, 188, 388, 488) connected with the piston (30, 130, 330, 430).


This paper studies pricing mechanisms for short-term contracts for network services in a recurring auction with sealed bids. We propose and evaluate a novel winner selection policy in such an auction. The new approach was motivated by an observation that in a recurring auction enough customers must be willing to participate in future auction rounds to prevent the collapse of prices. Using a simulation, we compare the proposed mechanism with traditional ones. The results demonstrate that the new method increases revenues of the network service provider, minimizes the loss of fairness, and enlarges the stable customer base.


The previous chapter introduced the main research puzzle: how to explain the patterns of compliance in CEE at the time of accession? The process of rule transfer from the EU to the post-communist countries is, however, intrinsically connected to the broader context of enlargement and the negotiations for membership. This chapter provides the historical context needed for understanding transposition of EU directives in the framework of the accession process and describes the institutional features of the negotiation process.


We present a recursive method to explore the electromagnetic wave interaction with discrete self-similar - or pre-fractal - objects. In spite of their interesting properties, few authors have reported the electromagnetic properties of these multi-scale objects. One of the reasons is that the usual numerical methods are not well-adapted to the modeling of such objects because of the presence of many details at different scales. The new electromagnetic analysis proposed avoids this difficulty by taking advantage of the self-similarity properties of pre-fractal objects. The method consists in deriving an iterative process based on changing scale from the smallest to the largest one. This process is found to be analogous to the one that underlies the building of the studied self-similar object. To illustrate this mechanism, the radar cross section of fractal rings is presented and discussed.


Against a backdrop of a new phase of development of merger control in the UK, and the revision of the EC merger control regime (in particular the nature of its relationship with the competent authorities of the Member States) the authors of Merger Control in the United Kingdom - leading experts with first rate regulatory, practical and academic experience - offer a comprehensive statement of the law, architecture, and procedure of merger control in the UK. They explain factors pertinent to the economic appraisal of mergers in a manner accessible to a legal audience; and give invaluable practical guidance on managing the transactional process and regulatory risk.


A method is derived for solving the transcendental dispersion relation of LSM modes in rectangular waveguides loaded by a dielectric slab. It represents an exact solution at certain frequencies, and also determines the regions to which the solution belongs. These regions form a band-structure thus enabling the characterization of the different modes by two degrees of freedom as for homogeneously filled waveguides


The effectiveness of bees in vectoring inoculum of the biocontrol agentGliocladium roseumto raspberry flowers was investigated in shade-cloth-enclosed field plots of raspberry cv. Boyne and cv. Redwing. For bee-vectoring treatments, a colony box of bumblebees with about 50 workers, or a hive of honeybees with about 3000 workers, was placed in each replicate plot enclosure. Each colony box and hive was equipped with an inoculum dispenser to contaminate bees with a powder preparation ofG. roseum(4.0–18.0 × 108CFU/g). Bumblebees carried inoculum loads of 0.3–128 (x = 39.7) × 104CFU/bee and honeybees carried 1.3–81 (x = 29.9) × 104CFU/bee when they emerged from dispensers. Similar amounts of inoculum were delivered to raspberry flowers by bumblebees (mean daily density of 451–2461 CFU/flower) and honey bees (693–1659 CFU/flower). Bees maintained inoculum densities of ≥ 102–103CFU/flower during 6- to 15-day study periods except when weather discouraged foraging. Inoculum density on flowers in plots that were sprayed withG. roseum(107CFU/ml) decreased from about 102–105to < 10 CFU/flower within 2 days. Inoculum density on individual flowers varied (from 0–20,666, 0–4000, and 0–44,166 CFU/flower, respectively) in plots treated with bumblebees, honeybees, or sprays. Incidence of flowers with no inoculum was high in sprayed plots (55–57%) compared to plots treated by bumblebees (6–9%) or honeybees (14–15%).G. roseumgenerally suppressedB. cinereain stamens and stigmas more effectively when applied by bees than as a spray. All treatments moderately suppressed fruit rot in cv. Boyne but not in cv. Redwing. A combination of bee-vectoredG. roseumto protect flowers and a spray against direct infection of fruits is proposed to optimize fruit rot control.


Water-based highly adhesive films with satisfactory electrical conductivity were constructed by Layer-by-Layer(LbL) assembly technique.Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and carbon nanotube(CNT) complexes(PAH-CNT) were assembled with a blend of poly(acrylic acid) and CNT(PAA-CNT) to produce PAH-CNT/PAA-CNT films.Strong adhesion as high as 7 MPa can be achieved when glass substrates deposited with LbL assembled PAH-CNT/PAA-CNT films are slightly pressed together,which means that the glued conductive adhesive films with an area of 1 cm2 can hold a weight of approximate 70 kg.The thin nature of the adhesive films and the incorporated carbon nanotubes endow the adhesive films with satisfactory electrical conductivity.


One of the particularities of what is currently being negotiated between Saudi Arabia and Ansar Allah is that the parties are contemplating establishing a revenue allocation mechanism in the absence of an overarching constitutional or political framework. This paper seeks to highlight some of the opportunities and challenges that are likely to present themselves if the negotiating parties manage to reach agreement on the payment of public sector employees. In addition, the paper explores three case studies from which it seeks to draw lessons learned for Yemen's situation.


In this paper, we consider diffeomorphisms on a closed manifold $M$ preserving a hyperbolic Sinaĭ–Ruelle–Bowen probability measure $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ having intersections for almost every pair of stable and unstable manifolds. In this context, we show the ergodicity of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ when the dimension of $M$ is at most three. If $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ is smooth, then it is ergodic when the dimension of $M$ is at most four. As a byproduct of our arguments, we obtain sufficient (topological) conditions which guarantee that there exists at most one hyperbolic ergodic Sinaĭ–Ruelle–Bowen probability measure. Even in higher dimensional cases, we show that every transitive topological Anosov diffeomorphism admits at most one hyperbolic Sinaĭ–Ruelle–Bowen probability measure.


tein among strains of Haemophilus influenzae: analysis of antigenic determinants, gene sequences, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Infect Immun 1991;59:2658-63. 11. Faden H, Bernstein J, Brodsky L, et al. Otitis media in children. I. The systemic immune response to nontypable Haemophilus influenzae. J Infect Dis 1989;160:999-1004. 12. Shurin PA, Pelton SI, Tager IB, Kasper DL. Bactericidal antibody and susceptibility to otitis media caused by nontypable strains of Haemophilus influenzae. J Pediatr 1980;97:364-9. 13. Haase EM, Campagnari AA, Sarwar J, et al. Strain-specific and immunodominant surface epitopes of the P2 porin protein of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Infect Immun 1991;59:1278-84.


This article has reviewed the small group discussion courses for reading, speaking, listening, and writing at Duksung Women"s University. These courses were mandated as requisite liberal arts courses in 1969. From 1969 to 1977, in the〈Reading〉, students were instructed to write essays after readings. Later, courses such as〈Study in Humanities〉,〈Human Being in Society〉, and〈Introduction to Literature〉 were introduced. As the titles, organizations, and contents of the courses changed, other courses such as〈Seminars in Philosophy〉,〈Seminars in Literature〉,〈Research Methodology and Writing〉,〈University Study Skills〉,〈Communication〉,〈Critical Reading〉, and finally〈Critical Reading and Writing〉were added. Through these courses, students were able to appreciate different perspectives and also develope their creative and critical thinking capabilities in order to prepare them for the entry into information society. In 1997 and 1998, small group discussion courses accounted for 8.3% of the total credits required for graduation. However, recently this has decreased to 3.1%. This study found that, with 2 courses,〈Critical Reading and Writing in Literature〉 and〈Critical Reading and Writing in Humanities and Natural Science〉, where writing ability was not addressed intensively, limitations were remained. Therefore, it is recommended that the university improve the quality of these courses by keeping writing as a separate course and including all four disciplines (philosophy, literature, humanities and social science, and natural science) in seminar courses.


OBJECTIVE Through investigation on multi-drug abuse of MMT clients in 13 methadone clinics and its influencing factors in Yunnan Province,we aimed to reduce the rate of sneaking drugs and high risk behavior of MMT clients,and improve MMT services and comprehensive intervention. METHODS Investigation subjects were all the methadone clients. A cross-sectional investigation by Morphine and Methamphetamine urine test was used. Individual in-depth interview followed. RESULTS 26.7% were Morphine positives and 12.4% were Methamphetamine positives. The sneaking rate of HIV positive group and HIV negative group were the same(P﹥0.05);Logistics Regression Analysis results showed that the operation time of clinics,the expenses,doses,anti-virus therapy knowledge and the drug-using condition after being recruited,etc. were the influencing factors of clients' sneaking things.(All Ps﹤0.05). CONCLUSION MMT clients in Yunnan Province were mainly middle aged males with limited education background. It is common that they sneak Morphine and Methamphetamine during MMT period. It is significant for reducing the sneaking rate of MMT clients by improvING services of methadone clinics and scaling up comprehensive intervention.


Objective:To study the effect of betaloc and amiodalone intravenous injection in patients with acute myocardium infarction(AMI)early complicated ventricular fibrillation(VF).Methods:The 6 AMI patients complicated VF were no controled VF by routine therapy and repeated electrical defibrillation.Then they were treated with betaloc,amiodalone and potassium magnesium aspartate intravenous injection.Results:The 5 AMI patients complicated VF(83.33%)were survival after treat.Except one patient died because heart failure there was no severity adverse reaction.Conclusion:The betaloc,amiodalone and potassium magnesium aspartate intravenous injection may control ventricular fibrillation and decrease mortality in early AMI patients complicated ventricular fibrillation.


The three women-SHEN Feng xi HE Li na and GUAN Xiu gu are the lovers with FAN Jia shu as the centre.As their living environment,the education they recevied and their characters are different,their manifestation words and deeds have great differences.Every one of them has their own misforturne.But there is one point which is the same for them,that is,they are all unfortunate lovers and the victims of fedudal moral concepts .The thesis gives an analysis of the difference and generality of the three wonmen's fate.


Semi-solid rheological slurry of high-carbon steel was prepared by using electromagnetic stirring,then semi-solid forming.The evolution processes of the semi-solid microstructures of high carbon steel such as Cr5MoV,Cr12 and Cr12V during the electromagnetic stirring was studied.Test results show that dedendric primary austenite can be got during suit electromagnetic stirring.The longer electromagnetic stirring time,the more spherical or dedendritic the austenite formed.Solid particle clusters form during electromagnetic stirring in high solid fraction of semi-solid slurry.EBSD experiments indicate that these solid particle clusters are composed by different crystal plane primary austenite grain.During the electromagnetic stirring,the solid particles of primary austenite collide and segregate in some region.


This study aims to improve the science learning process skills using experimental method in grade fifth C of Bantul Timur Elementary School. This type of research is classroom action research grade fifth C of Bantul Timur elementary school. The design of this study is classroom action research according to Kemmis and McTaggart which consists of action planning, action and observation, and reflection. The data were collected using observation. The data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive. The results showed by used experimental method in science learning in the first cycle from 68.13% increased to 80.75% in the second cycle. Students who reach minimum value in the first cycle are 13 students or 43% to 27 students or 90% in cycle II.


The model with failure rate function of bathtub-shaped is helpful in reliability analysis of any system and particularly in reliability associated privative maintenance. The usual Weibull distribution is, however, not capable to model the complete lifecycle of the any with a bathtub-shaped failure rate function. In this paper, failure rate and reliability analysis of the KOMATSU hydraulic excavator/shovel in surface mine is presented and also to improve the reliability and decrease the failure rate of each subsystem of the shovel based on the preventive maintenance. The model of the bathtub-shaped for shovel can also be seen as a simplification of the Weibull distribution.


Background Bilateral leg alignment should be equal for preventing leg length discrepancy and diminishing limping in walking. The candidates for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) sometimes image bilateral TKA seems to get completely same shape and alignment of legs. The query that bilateral TKA, staged in a day and by one surgeon, has an advantage to reconcile one side alignment and component setting to another side, was investigated. Materials and methods This retrospective investigation enrolled 408 knees of 204 patients (74 years old on average) underwent one day TKA and 48 knees of 24 cases (73 years old on average) underwent two days TKA. There were no history of trauma and surgery on both legs and no other obvious features. All components were same (Vanguard PS TKA, Biomet Inc. Warsaw IN). Surgical procedure is single (modified gap technique) with intramedullar rod for the femur and extramedullar system for the tibia without navigation system and patient specific instrumentation (PSI). Postoperative femorotibial angle (FTA), α, β, γ, δ angles were computed and the absolutes of differences between right and left were analyzed. (two sample t test) Results Differences of postoperative FTA were 2.4 +/− 1.9 deg in one day, and 3.6 +/− 3.9 deg. in two days (p Discussion Large volume surgeons purposely do fine adjustment of coronal alignment during operation even if they employ navigation system or PSI. The only landmark for the adjustment of the femur is impalpable femoral head that makes the adjustment difficult although there are several landmarks for the adjustment of the tibia that makes the adjustment reliable. The substitute method for the femoral adjustment is still inaccurate. Several factors such as more range of motion should be considered in sagittal alignment. The differences are wider in sagittal alignment as a result. In summary, bilateral TKA can reconcile one side alignment to other at coronal femoral alignment.


Bioassay-directed fractionation and purification were used to isolate 12 steroids (1-12) from a CH(2)Cl(2) extract of the edible Vietnamese sea urchin Diadema savignyi Michelin. The cytotoxic activity of the CH(2)Cl(2) extract and 12 steroids was evaluated in three human cancer cell lines (HL-60, PC-3, and SNU-C5). Relative to the effects of the positive control, mitoxantrone, the CH(2)Cl(2) extract (with an inhibitory concentration of 50% [IC(50)] values ranging from 1.37±0.15 to 3.11±0.15 μg/mL) and compounds 2 (with IC(50) values ranging from 5.29±0.11 to 6.80±0.67 μM) and 11 (with IC(50) values ranging from 4.95±0.07 to 6.99±0.28 μM) exhibited potent cytotoxic effects against all three tested human cancer cell lines. In addition, the CH(2)Cl(2) extract and compounds 2 and 11 were found to induce apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis was accompanied by alterations of the apoptosis-related protein expression, inactivation of ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and decreased c-Myc expression. These data suggest that compounds 2 and 11 from the edible sea urchin D. savignyi may have potential for the treatment of colon cancer, leukemia, and prostate cancer as complementary cancer remedies.


Relativistic theory is investigated for the spin-2 particle case, where the components of the wave function of a Dirac equation are the components of a symmetric tensor of second rank and of a vector. A most general mass term, compatible with the covariance of the Dirac equation, is used to obtain the linearized Einstein equations for the gravitational field as a zero mass limit. (C.J.G.)


As process technology progresses beyond the 7 nm node, the critical dimension uniformity (CDU) requirement is now in the sub-1 nm regime due to patterning complexity or smaller patterning size. In this report, across-wafer CDU improvement by etch tool correction using the Hydra uniformity system in an advance Lam Research etch tool for a 7 nm FEOL logic application is discussed. The results show that CDU is improved by 60% compared to baseline performance of 3σ < 1 nm, and the post etch CDU is comparable to the ultimate target CDU of post EUV litho development. In conclusion, superior post-etch across-wafer CDU is achieved using the Hydra uniformity system by correcting local non-uniformity after the radial contribution is reduced by traditional multizone ESC tuning.


This document is a hard copy of the CY 1995 airborne and liquid effluent data contained in the Environmental Release Summary (ERS) computer database.


1 Abstract The oncogene MYC is altered and its expression is deregulated in up to 70% of human cancers, including B cell neoplasms. Earlier studies in a mouse model of Eμ-MYC-driven B-cell lymphomas reported that oncogenic MYC relies on aberrant rates of ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) and protein synthesis to sustain rapid growth and proliferation of B-cell lymphomas. As MYC driven B-cell lymphomas are addicted to hyperactivation of RiBi, it has emerged as a potential clinical target.
However, it is unclear whether targeting RiBi induces regression of MYC-driven tumors by decreasing translational capacity and/or by inducing the impaired ribosome biogenesis checkpoint (IRBC), leading to p53 stabilization. We set to address this question by generating an inducible system in Eμ-MYC-driven lymphoma cells to deplete either one of two essential 60S ribosomal proteins (RPs), RPL7a or RPL11, the latter a component of the IRBC complex. Depletion of either RP mRNA by ~50% had an equivalent impact on RiBi, protein synthesis and cell growth, however only depletion of RPL7a led to the induction of the IRBC, p53 stabilization, and acute induction of apoptosis. Importantly, we observed that this response is driven by the selective degradation of the antiapoptotic form of MCL1, of the BCL2 family, whose overexpression is critical to sustain survival and growth of Eμ-MYC lymphomas. MCL1 is commonly overexpressed in many human cancers, especially in B cell malignancies, is frequently found co-amplified with MYC, and its overexpression is associated with bad prognosis, resistance to therapy and relapse.
Despite the tremendous investment in the development of selective MCL1 inhibitors in the clinic, we show that nanomolar concentrations Actinomycin D (ActD), an FDA approved drug for particular types of cancer, specifically disrupts the synthesis of rRNA and RiBi, leading to IRBC activation, p53 stabilization and degradation of the antiapoptotic form of MCL1, and killing Trp53+/+, but not Trp53-/- Eμ-MYC lymphoma cells. Finally, we provide preclinical data that mice bearing Trp53+/+, but not Trp53-/-, Eμ-MYC lymphomas are exquisitely protected from lymphomagenesis by ActD. Therefore, in MYC-driven tumors, the IRBC elicits p53-dependent apoptosis, which is mediated by the loss of the antiapoptotic form of MCL1.


Since water shortage has been a serious challenge in Iran, long-term investigations of alternative water resources are vital. In this study, we performed long-term (1979–2018) model simulation at seven locations (costal, desert, mountain, and urban conditions) in Iran to investigate temporal and spatial variation of dew formation. The model was developed to simulate the dew formation (water and ice) based on the heat and mass balance equation with ECMWF-ERA-Interim (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts–Re-Analysis) meteorological data as input. According to the model simulation, the maximum mean yearly cumulative dew yield (~65 L/m2) was observed in the mountain region in the north part of Iran with a yearly mean cumulative dew yield was ~36 L/m2. The dew yield showed a clear seasonal variation at all selected locations with maximum yields in winter (mean monthly cumulative 3–8 L/m2 depending on the location). Here we showed that dew formation is frequent in northern Iran. In other areas, where there was suffering from water-stress (southern and central parts of Iran), dew can be a utilized as an alternative source of water. The dew yield during 2001–2014 was lower than the overall mean during the past 40 years a result of climate change in Iran.