Hydrogen is an important source used as an energy carrier and a chemical reactant or industrial material. However, if not handled properly, hydrogen content as low as 4% can lead to a life-threatening catastrophe. Hydrogen sensors with higher sensitivity, better selectivity, faster response, and wider dynamic range are of increasing importance in connection with the development. In this paper, a scheme of hydrogen sensor that satisfies these requirements with a single sensing element is proposed which is centered on a nanofiber. The sensor is based on stimulated Raman scattering spectroscopy but the tightly confined evanescent field associated with the nanofiber enhances the Raman gain per unitlength by a factor of more than 104 over free-space beams. In addition, the homemade signal processing circuit plays an important role in the whole sensing system instead of the commercial instruments, which makes it possible to develop a principle prototype. The circuit intergrates tne DFB laser driver circuit, the photoelectric detection circuit and the main control circuit which outputs modulation signal and acts as a digital lock-in amplifier. Several silica nanofibers operating in the telecom wavelength band has been manufactured and measured in an experiment that demonstrates hydrogen detection from hundreds parts per million to 100%. The reported sensor could be used in the field of new energy, electric power and aerospace for detection of hydrogen leakage or monitoring of transformer health conditions with advantages of low cost, small size and outstanding performance.


Abstract. The titer of anti‐A and ‐B IgM antibody was tested in 57 sera from patients aged 65 years or more. 31 of these sera were also titered for the occurrence and titer of IgG antibody. All sera were found to have a low titer (2–64) of IgM antibody but 14 sera contained IgG antibody. However, only two of 12 sera with a higher IgM antibody titer (16–64) exhibited the IgG antibody in contrast to 12 of 19 sera with a low titer of IgM antibody (2–4). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.014).


Abstract The creation and execution of sound business strategy is essential to today's enterprise. Business Performance Management (BPM) offers organizations an IT-enabled approach to formulate, modify, and execute strategy effectively. This article describes Business Performance Management, presents a framework for BPM, and discusses the potential drivers, barriers, and critical success factors for a BPM implementation.


In this study,the total RNA of live mites Dermatophagoides farinae were isolated and used for RT-PCR amplification of the Der f18 gene. The cloned Der f18 was ligated into expression vector pET-24a and then transformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3) cells for expression. Expression of recombinant Der f18 protein was induced by adding IPTG to the growing E.coli BL21 (DE3) cells which contained the constructed plasmid. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the mass weight of the recombinant Der f18 protein was about 52 kDa. IgE reactivity of recombinant Der f18 protein was investigated by immunoblot and the positive results indicate that the recombinant protein have good immunogenicity.


Objective:Investigate the cause of blood rejection induced by non-blood detection and take some measures to reduce the blood rejection rate and save resource.Methods:The 2006—2008 blood rejection induced by non-blood detection was statistically analyzed.Results:There were 8915 bags of non-detecting blood rejection in blood centre from 2006 to 2008.The cause of BR is fatty blood,overdue blood and eccentric bag breakage; the type of BR includes plasma,platelet sampling,whole blood and suspended red cell.Conclusions:It is found that the knowledge of voluntary blood donation and the regulation of consultation before donating blood,blood collection,detection,preparation and storage will play an important part in the control of blood rejection and the reduction of blood waste.


In this study, we analyze data-scarce classification scenarios, where available labeled legal data is small and imbalanced, potentially hurting the quality of the results. We focused on two finetuning objectives; SetFit (Sentence Transformer Finetuning), a contrastive learning setup, and a vanilla finetuning setup on a legal provision classification task. Additionally, we compare the features that are extracted with LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) to see which particular features contributed to the model's classification decisions. The results show that a contrastive setup with SetFit performed better than vanilla finetuning while using a fraction of the training samples. LIME results show that the contrastive learning approach helps boost both positive and negative features which are legally informative and contribute to the classification results. Thus a model finetuned with a contrastive objective seems to base its decisions more confidently on legally informative features.


Summary Horizontal distribution of fine root density and fine root biomass net production were studied in six gaps and adjacent stands of pure Norway spruce using soil cores and in-growth cores. A statistical based model that does not require identifying the specific tree to each fine root was used to predict fine root distribution. This method calibrates fine root biomass functions of single trees by comparing fine root distributions with tree distributions via a least squares fit analysis. The variation of fine root density increases from 100 per cent within the stand to 250 per cent in gaps. The greatest root expansion distances regarding single tree positions were found in 35-year-old stands and in larger gaps. In-growth cores and root change maps based on model predictions show corresponding net growth rates. Net growth rates of fine root biomass differ significantly with distance to the gap edge (α -value of 0.10) with maximum values occurring in a circular strip 2.2 m from the gap edge. Our findings indicate that gaps with an average diameter <15 m should probably not be artificially regenerated because of rapid, below-ground gap closure.


To the Editor:— This is in reference to Dr. Fred V. Hein's "Answer" on the subject of step test equipment ( 204 :1201, 1968). Before any physician ventures to build the "step test stool" with four different heights, as recommended by the Committee on Exercise and Physical Fitness, please publish these much more compact and practical versions of step test equipment.


Introduction. Despite extensive research in the field of innovation, it is necessary to point out the lack of methodological approaches to assess the efficiency of innovation activity of enterprises, although a wide range of recommendations based on existing approaches have been made to address certain aspects of these issues, but they require

further development, deepening and systematization. including those taking into account risk factors.

The importance of addressing the issues of improving existing methods of assessing the effectiveness of investment in innovation, developing methodological approaches to quantitative assessment of the level of innovation risk and uncertainty, finding ways to choose between alternative options for investing in innovative projects, defines the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the organizational provisions of the analysis of the influence of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovative investment projects in construction. In order to achieve this goal, we are tasked with: determining the impact of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovation and investment projects; consider the use of cognitive risk modeling of an investment project.

Research methods. To achieve this goal, the article uses the following general scientific and specific research methods: analysis and synthesis - to improve the interpretation of the concept of "innovation risk"; systematic approach - to clarify the economic content of the concept of "efficiency of innovation-investment projects"; expert evaluation - to calculate the integral values of risk in the implementation of innovative investment projects in construction.

Results. The application of cognitive modeling methodology in the process of analyzing the effectiveness of innovation investment projects is substantiated, it is established that the use of cognitive modeling technology can be considered as one of the possible options for the development of methodological tools for risk assessment of innovative projects in terms of time constraints and the need to take into account the complex system of interconnectedness the number of heterogeneous risk factors.

Discussion. Prospects for further development of the research are structuring and risk assessment, depending on the level of influence on the effectiveness of innovation- investment projects, taking into account organizational, management, production and financial and economic risks.

The use of cognitive modeling technology should be considered as one of the possible ways of developing methodological tools for assessing the risks of innovative projects in the conditions of limited time and the need to take into account the complex system of interrelationships of a large number of heterogeneous risk factors. Further scientific research towards the analysis of the influence of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovation- investment projects in construction should be taken as a basis for the development of an adequate anti-risk mechanism for managing the efficiency of innovation-investment projects.


The development of digitization workflows is an essential part of any formalized large-scale digitization program. Paleontological collections literature has addressed the need for, and utility of, digitized collections for nearly four decades, but no modern, community-vetted set of digitization workflows to accomplish this goal has been widely adopted. With the advent of the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Advancing the Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC) program in 2011, iDigBio, NSF's national coordinating center for facilitating digitization, in collaboration with broad community representation from numerous institutions, launched a series of working groups to address workflow development across all major preparation types. Workflow modules have been developed for pre-digitization curation, data entry, imaging objects (catalogs, field notes and other materials not stored with specimens, labels, twoand three-dimensionally preserved specimens), image processing, and proactive digitization. Modules and the tasks they include may be implemented in any order and customized for specific configurations and institutional parameters. The workflows are made publicly available for download and customization at GitHub and via the iDigBio documentation pages. A review of platforms for electronic data publishing through online aggregators, a crucial step in any digitization program, is also provided. Talia S. Karim. University of Colorado Museum of Natural History, Boulder, Colorado 80503, USA. email@example.com Roger Burkhalter. Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Avenue, Norman, Oklahoma 73072, USA. email@example.com Úna C. Farrell. Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA. email@example.com Ann Molineux. Non-vertebrate Paleontology Lab, University of Texas, 10100 Burnet Road, Austin, Texas 78758, USA. firstname.lastname@example.com Gil Nelson. Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32303, USA. email@example.com Jessica Utrup. Yale University, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Division of Invertebrate Paleontology, 170 Whitney Avenue, PO Box 208118, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. firstname.lastname@example.com Susan H. Butts. Yale University, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Division of Invertebrate Paleontology, 170 Whitney Avenue, PO Box 208118, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. firstname.lastname@example.com Karim, Talia S., Burkhalter, Roger, Farrell, Úna C., Molineux, Ann, Nelson, Gil, and Butts, Susan H. 2016. Digitization workflows for paleontology collections. Palaeontologia Electronica 19.3.4T: 1-14 palaeo-electronica.org/content/2016/1569-digitization-workflows Copyright: Paleontological Society October 2016 KARIM ET AL.: DIGITIZATION WORKFLOWS


This paper describes a new conceptual framework for three-dimensional turbomachinery flow analysis and its use to assess fan stage attributes for mitigating adverse effects of inlet distortion due to boundary layer ingestion (BLI). A non-axisymmetric throughflow method has been developed to describe the fan flow field with inlet distortion. In this the turbomachinery is modeled using momentum and energy source distributions that are determined as a function of local flow conditions and a specified blade camber surface geometry. Comparison with higher-fidelity computational and experimental results shows that the method captures the principal flow redistribution and distortion transfer effects associated with BLI. Distortion response is assessed for a range of (i) rotor spanwise work profiles, (ii) rotor-stator spacings, and (iii) non-axisymmetric stator geometries. For the parameters examined, changes in axisymmetric design result in trades between rotor and stator distortions, or between different radial sections of a given blade row with marginal overall gain. Of the approaches examined, non-axisymmetric stator exit flow angle distributions were found to provide the greatest reduction in rotor flow distortion and thus may offer the most potential for mitigating decreases in performance due to BLI inlet distortion.


We present Monte Carlo simulation results for square-well homopolymers at a series of bond lengths. Although the model contains only isotropic pairwise interactions, under appropriate conditions this system shows spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, where the chain exists in either a left- or a right-handed helical structure. We investigate how this behavior depends upon the ratio between bond length and monomer radius.


In this paper, it was studied on the exhaust muffler of an internal combustion engine. Generally, the theoretical analysis of the exhaust muffler of an engine contains various difficult factors. For example, almost all the recent reports are based on the presupposition that the tail pipe of a muffler has an infinite length. In this report, therefore, a theoretical formula of the attenuation was studied from the point of view that the tail pipe has a finite length. The formula was established by the application of the theory of electric transmission line, and the values calculated by the above formula have been found practically in good agreement with those obtained from the experiments. Moreover, many experiments were executed as to the influence of varying the various factors of the cavities and the tail pipes.


The invention provides a detection and verification system and a detection and verification method of a transformer partial discharge and positioning on-line monitoring assembly. The detection and verification system comprises a power supply, an isolation filtering transformer, a non-partial discharge boosting transformer, a voltage divider, a sample Cx, a digital partial discharge instrument, a ultra high frequency (UHF) sensor and a computer. By the detection and verification system, a transformer UHF on-line monitoring assembly and a partial discharge ultrasonic positioning/UHF positioning on-line monitoring assembly can be detected and verified, and meanwhile, the sensitivity and the positioning error of the on-line monitoring assemblies can be detected and verified. A developed UHF sensor installation tool can realize the detection of various types of UHF sensors, by a developed electrode model, a typical partial discharge fault of a transformer can be simulated, and the detection and the verification of the on-line monitoring intelligent assemblies on the monitoring sensitivity of various typical types of faults are developed.


For independent college human resource management is the key to its connotation development.A couple of problems are outstanding: the management system is not complete;human resources allocation is unreasonable;management regulations are in need;assessment is not strict,and training mechanism has not been established.Efforts should be made to improve the management system,to establish a competitive mechanism,management regulations,assessment rules and the training system inside the college so as to optimize the structure of teaching staff,stimulate vigor and realize the strategic purpose of strengthening the school via its talented members.


This paper presents a simple and low-cost range finding system based on the absorption of light by a dispersive medium. The object to be digitized is immersed in a colored liquid and the 3-D data is obtained by processing a pair of greylevel images taken at different wavelengths. Calibration, acquisition, visualization and manipulation of the 3-D data are implemented through menus and graphic windows on a SUN-3 workstation.


Abstract Air exerts a negative effect on radiation detection using a gas counter because oxygen contained in air has a high electron attachment coefficient and can trap electrons from electron-ion pairs created by ionization from incident radiation in counting gas. This reduces radiation counts. The present study examined the influence of air on energy and rise-time spectra measurements using a proportional gas counter. In addition, a decompression procedure method was proposed to reduce the influence of air and its effectiveness was investigated. For the decompression procedure, the counting gas inside the gas counter was decompressed below atmospheric pressure before radiation detection. For the spectrum measurement, methane as well as various methane and air mixtures were used as the counting gas to determine the effect of air on energy and rise-time spectra. Results showed that the decompression procedure was effective for reducing or eliminating the influence of air on spectra measurement using a proportional gas counter.


Sixty indexes, ranging from social development and economy increasing to ecological protection and transportation system construction, are chosen to construct an index system of adaptability evaluation on transportation system and urban development. A synthesis model with nonlinear characteristic is proposed, and the corresponding procedure is presented based on an improved AHP model, which utilizes the SVD method to improve the required precision of matrix with acceptable consistency weight and detect and amend the significant elements via distance and proximity so as to improve the whole consistency. Taking Shandong Province for the case study, experimental results indicate that the adaptability degree of the system is in an increasing state, which provides robust and effective support for decision-makers working on a range of problems and in various circumstances.


An NMR probe is described which is capable of use in combined multiple pulse–magic angle spinning experiments for removal of homonuclear dipolar broadening and chemical shift anisotropies in randomly oriented samples. Two examples are included to illustrate the utility of the technique.


Biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus species from an artificial wastewater was investigated in a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR) by changing operating mode which simulation oxidation ditch aeration realization of point and achieved alternate anoxic/aerobic, The results show that: the total control for 6 h reaction time, including aeration 3 h, stop aeration 3 h, four conditions under the condition of 30 min, 10 min, 5 min, 3 min anoxic/ aerobic alternate of COD, ammonia nitrogen removal not too big effect, TN, TP influence is bigger. COD removal efficiency is above 89% for four modes and effluent COD is lower than 35mg/L.Ammonia nitrogen average removal efficiency is above 90% for four modes and effluent ammonia is less than 5mg/L.Total nitrogen removal rates was 68.71%, 67.70%, 60.36%, 37.27% respectively for four modes. In instantaneous influent, anoxic and aerobic alternating time should not be less than 5min for TN removal. Mode Ⅰto Ⅳ removal efficiency of TP was 23.05%, -2.17%, 1.19%, 43.61% respectively.


A physician's fatigue raises significant concerns regarding personal and patient safety. Effects of sleep deprivation on clinical performance and the quality of patient care are major considerations of today's health care environment.


Space Debris is the waste or junk which have been left behind by human in space that no longer serves a useful purpose. It could be form of defunct satellites, discarded equipments, and rocket stages. It destroys satellite because due to its very high speed in orbit even relatively small pieces can damage or destroy satellites in a collision. For several decades, orbital debris has been identified as a serious concern. This debris is very dangerous in space especially for the future space mission. As there is the risk of high energy collisions with valuable space crafts. It have been understood that the current space debris environment poses a risk to space craft in earth orbit. As the population of debris continues to grow, the probability of collisions that could lead to potential damage will consequently increase. In addition, there is also the risk of damage on the ground if debris survives Earth's atmospheric re-entry. The prompt implementation if appropriate debris mitigation measures are therefore considered a prudent and necessary step towards preserving the outer space environment for future


The innovation of scientific research management plays a very important role in promoting the development of scientific research in colleges and universities, providing new hi-tech for the society and making full use of the scientific research fruits in colleges and universities as a power source in modern economic development. The innovation lies mainly in the notions, modes and approaches of management, which are the premise, the core and the way of innovation respectively.


Relativistic partial-wave dispersion relations are formulated for elastic nucleon-nucleon scattering. These dispersion relations are integral equations with an inhomogeneous term taken from single-particle exchange contributions. The particles under consideration are $\ensuremath{\pi}(I=1, \mathrm{pseudoscalar})$, $\ensuremath{\eta}(I=0, \mathrm{pseudoscalar})$, $\ensuremath{\rho}(I=1,\mathrm{vector})$, $\ensuremath{\omega}(I=0, \mathrm{vector})$, $\ensuremath{\phi}(I=0, \mathrm{vector})$, and $\ensuremath{\sigma}(I=0, \mathrm{scalar})$. The existence of a $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ meson is not well established. Two possibilities are considered: (i) The $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ meson exists, in which case the mass and coupling constants are taken to be two parameters of the present problem. (ii) The $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ meson does not exist but the $I=0$, $J=0$ two-pion continuum is taken into account. This two-pion continuum can be treated as a superposition of scalar particles with a mass spectrum determined by pion-nucleon and pion-pion interactions. Information on the $\ensuremath{\pi}N$ interaction is obtained from $\ensuremath{\pi}N$ scattering data, while the $S$-wave $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ interaction is represented with a relativistic scattering-length approximation. In addition to the $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ scattering length, a cutoff on the two-pion spectrum is introduced. Thus two parameters are introduced in either (i) or (ii). Aside from the masses and coupling constants of the particles mentioned, a cutoff parameter is needed for each of the vector mesons $\ensuremath{\rho}$, $\ensuremath{\omega}$, and $\ensuremath{\phi}$. These are taken to be coefficients in an exponentially decreasing factor suggested by the Regge-pole behavior of composite particles. A total of twelve adjustable parameters is used and a search program is formulated to fit 560 $\mathrm{pp}$ and $\mathrm{np}$ data collected by the Livermore group ranging from 9.68 to 388 MeV. In both cases (i) and (ii), a fit is obtained with a "goodness to fit" value of approximately 8%, meaning that the ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{2}$ is \ensuremath{\sim}548 if the uncertainty inherent in the theory is assumed to be 8%.


Established methods for determining the electromagnetic field exposure of mobile radio small-cell base stations to the general public are currently based either on numerical far-field computation or on field strength measurement at selected evaluation points. It means that they are not capable of providing a realistic 3-dimensional near-and far-fleld evaluation of mobile radio small-cell base stations. For this reason, a promising hybrid exposure assessment approach – which combines antenna nearfield pattern measurements and numerical computations under varying environmental conditions – was specially adapted to small cells. While the conservatively determined measurement uncertainty of ± 3 dB is comparable to already established methods such as electric field probe measurement, the hybrid assessment offers novel possibilities in terms of flexibility. By moving exposure assessment into a virtual domain, complex installation scenarios or varying antenna operation parameters can typically be investigated within a simulation environment, so that complex measurement campaigns may be substituted by hybrid assessment.


*Mrs. Rice prepared a preliminary report of Parts I and II as a paper for presentation at the American Public Health Association Annual Meeting in October 1965. This complete report, including Part III, was developed independently while serving in her present position as a medical economist, and as Acting Chief of the Special Studies Branch, in the Division of Health Insurance Benefit Studies, Office of Research and Statistics, Social Security Administration.


The invention discloses a mining PHS wireless communication comprehensive management system, which comprises a central server, a dispatch switch, a base station controller, a base station, a mining personal handphone system handheld device and an identification card, wherein the central server is connected with the base station controller through the dispatch switch; the base station controller is connected with the base station; a communication antenna and a positioning antenna are respectively connected with the base station; the base station receives a wireless communication signal of the mining PHS handheld device through the communication antenna; and the base station collects signals of the identification card through the positioning antenna. The mining PHS wireless communication comprehensive management system is integrated with the function of the mining PHS and functions of a staff positioning system, not only can search position of each staff member in a monitor room, but also can realize wireless communication with convenient use and high efficiency. When an emergency happens, the system can well organize staff to evacuate and escape; a single plate for the whole designis fixed in an explosion-proof tank, so the system has a concise structure and convenient connection, reduces cost for hardware, hardware failures and workload for daily maintenance.


A free-energy functional approximation (FEFA) is extended up to the third-order term in the density expansion. The extended free-energy functional approximation (EFEFA) is applied to predict the density profiles of a hard-sphere fluid restricted by hard and permeable walls. For a hard-sphere fluid confined in hard walls and spherical cages, the EFEFA gives better results than the FEFA of Tarazona, and is comparable with computer simulations at even higher density. However, for a hard-sphere fluid restricted by permeable walls the FEFA of Tarazona shows better agreement than the EFEFA when compared with computer simulations. These results suggest that the structural properties of a hard-sphere fluid depend on the geometrical features of walls and wall potentials as well as the model approximations.


Background: One of the active roles of medical recorders is to determine the quality of health services in hospitals with good and complete data or information from medical records. Outpatient medical record services start from the place of registration until obtaining medical record documents used to obtain health services.
Objectives: Objective To find out the factors that cause incomplete filling of medical record files, especially   for Covid-19 patients at Santa Elisabeth Hospital in 2021.
Methods: Methods The type of research used in this research is research qualitative with a qualitative approach and using the interview method, observation, and questionnaire.
Results: The results of the study show that the large workload and time constraints are the main factors for nurses and doctors not filling out completely, and the part of the medical record that is not filled in greatly affects the claim of BPJS or the Ministry of Health.
Conclusion: The incompleteness of the medical record form for Covid-19 patients still has obstacles in the element of lack of communication between health care workers, and discipline of officers due to lack of awareness of doctors about the importance of completing medical record files. The workload is quite high, motivation is low, there is no mix, policy, and SOP in the medical record section, lack of socialization about medical record SOP.


Objective : The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of Diffusion Weighted MR Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) mapping in the diagnosis of meniscal tears in the knee. Conclusion : DWI and ADC mapping technique are fast and easily applicable with routine MRI sequences and these new MRI techniques (for the knee) depicts very important information for menisci and cartilages of the knee.


In this paper, increased attempts are carried out to develop the deep neural networks to diagnose COVID-19 based on Chest X-Ray (CXR). This work introduces a new diagnostic system, utilizing different deep neural networks, InceptionV3, DenseNet121, ResNet50, VGG16 and MobileNetV2 models, to classify CXR images into healthy normal, pneumonia bacterial and COVID-19. Additionally, transfer learning and data augmentation techniques are utilized to solve the problem of scarcity of CXR images; hence the over-fitting of deep models will be avoided. The proposed end-to-end deep system is applied on the dataset sourced from COVID-19 lung CXR images from Kaggle and the IEEE8020 COVID-19 CXR dataset which is introduced by John Hopkins Hospital. The classification results reveal that diagnostic of CXR lung images by InceptionV3 provides the best results, with 98.87% accuracy, 98.88% area under the curve (AUC), 98.98% sensitivity, 98.79% precision, 97.99% F1- score and 1.4574 s computational time. Finally, the ensemble classifier with a voting strategy is proposed to boost the diagnosis performance using the multiple convolutional neural networks (CNNs) instead of one. The classification results are aggregated of each image using the voting technique. It is observed that the performance of the proposed ensemble classifiers with voting strategy reaches the state-of-art performance.


Energy storage systems (ESS) are beginning to be implemented in the Southeast, and their applications and impact on the grid are not have not been characterized or understood in a systematic way. ESS operation and performance depends strongly on the use cases for which they are employed. These use cases can be met by a range of technologies, power ratings and capacities. This necessitates a careful and informed understanding of use case applications in the context of established and developing codes and standards. In spite of the efforts of many organizations and institutions, the process of adopting appropriate standards for a given use case and technology remains a complex and frequently unsolved problem. This paper will provide an overview of relevant energy storage standards and test protocols and how we plan to implement them at the Energy Storage Research Center (ESRC) at Southern Research in Birmingham, AL through the development of a comprehensive test plan with detailed procedures for system evaluation.


The present invention relates to the administration of midazolam. In particular, the invention provides new midazolam compositions for intranasal administration. These compositions contain midazolam in a high concentration of at least 35mg/ml.


The impact of DST 5 and DST 6 satellite sounding data on mid-range forecasting was studied. The GISS temperature sounding technique, the GISS time-continuous four-dimensional assimilation procedure based on optimal statistical analysis, the GISS forecast model, and the verification techniques developed, including impact on local precipitation forecasts are described. It is found that the impact of sounding data was substantial and beneficial for the winter test period, Jan. 29 - Feb. 21. 1976. Forecasts started from initial state obtained with the aid of satellite data showed a mean improvement of about 4 points in the 48 and 772 hours Sub 1 scores as verified over North America and Europe. This corresponds to an 8 to 12 hour forecast improvement in the forecast range at 48 hours. An automated local precipitation forecast model applied to 128 cities in the United States showed on an average 15% improvement when satellite data was used for numerical forecasts. The improvement was 75% in the midwest.


Fat oil and grease (FOG) poses a great problem when not disposed properly. FOG clogs pipes and screens,
which cause overflows and stench problem. FOG entering wastewater treatment plant will require extra
energy for FOG breakdown. Current wastewater pre-treatment plant system handling FOG consumes high
energy and time. This study aims to introduce a new FOG wastewater pre-treatment process by immobilizing
the FOG in a calcium alginate gel beads. Using Design-Expert software, Response surface methodology
(RSM) based on face centred central composite design (FCCCD) was used to optimize two important process
variables – pH of FOG and concentration of sodium alginate using oil entrapment efficiency (OEE) as
response parameter. The mixtures of synthetic FOG wastewater and sodium alginate were dropped in
calcium chloride solution in droplets form to produce gel beads. The optimum combination for having
highest OEE percentage at 87.27% was found to be at pH 4.7 and 10000 ppm concentration of sodium
alginate. Coating the gel beads with chitosan has improved the FOG loss during mechanical expression from
23.73 % to 12.58 % FOG loss. The gel beads were dissolved completely in phosphate buffer solution of pH 5,
8 and 9.


Sandstones of the Middle Cambrian Deimena Group are commercially important as they make up the largest part of the hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir in 15 oil fields discovered in West Lithuania. However, the sandstones are characterised by a very complicated spatial distribution of reservoir quality. In order to better understand the distribution of reservoir properties and their controlling parameters, eighty-two sandstone samples from twenty-one boreholes were studied by means of thin section description, scanning electron microscopy, using backscattered and cathodoluminescence modes and clay fraction analyses. Generally, the sandstones are strongly cemented by quartz, resulting in almost total destruction of porosity but porous domains with preserved early stage quartz cement occur in a complex pattern. The close location of the early and late stage overgrowth types indicates that some sandstone parts were preserved from intense authigenic quartz precipitation. We believe that early carbonate cement was such an inhibitor. Detrital quartz grains in carbonate cemented domains are mostly free of authigenic quartz and as a rule show weakly compacted fabric as compared to the quartz cemented parts. Moreover, large secondary pores are located close to the carbonate cemented domains and indicate that some carbonate cement eventually dissolved. Apparently, the best reservoir properties within the generally strongly quartz cemented Deimena Group sandstones are found in domains where dissolution of the early carbonate cement took place.


Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a rapidly growing technology that is enabling innovation on how network systems are designed and managed. Like any other technology, SDN is susceptible to numerous security threats. The separation of planes and centralized control topology of SDN makes it vulnerable to myriad of attacks. There has been rapid implementation of SDN in variety of networks and this is only growing with time. There are only handful of resources for enterprise networks that are actively transitioning their networks to SDN and require security specification.This paper proposes a security framework that integrates basic security requirements for SDN. First, the security vulnerabilities are identified by assessing the SDN topology. This provides understanding of the issue which is utilized to implement security mechanisms that help mitigate the vulnerabilities. The framework utilizes open-source tools and techniques and integrates well-known security mechanisms. Throughout the paper, the proposed framework is implemented and tested for its success in satisfying some of the basic and crucial security requirements. In doing so, this research offers viable security mechanisms for enterprise networks that are looking for performance and cost-effective security solutions.


Non‐selective inhibitors of Type 4 cAMP‐phosphodiesterases (PDE4s) exert well established anti‐inflammatory effects in non‐infectious models of lung inflammation, such as upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide or ovalbumin, and have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of COPD. However, they also produce side effects, including emesis, nausea, diarrhea, and weight loss, that limit their clinical utility. The PDE4 family comprises 4 subtypes (PDE4A‐D). As each plays unique and non‐overlapping physiological roles, targeting individual subtypes may serve to separate the therapeutically beneficial from side effects resulting from non‐selective PDE4 inhibition. PDE4B has been proposed as a primary target by which PAN‐PDE4 inhibitors exert anti‐inflammatory effects. Here, we assessed whether genetic ablation of PDE4B is per se sufficient to protect mice infected with live P.aeruginosa from acute lung injury and whether PDE4B ablation can dampen immune responses without worsening the bacterial infection.


Optical frequency combs (OFCs) generated in microresonators with whispering gallery modes are attractive for different applications and basic science. The effects associated with Raman nonlinearity are constantly being discovered and investigated experimentally and theoretically expanding the capabilities of microresonator OFCs. Here we obtain experimentally Raman-assisted nested OFCs in two different mode families with soliton-like (sech2-shape) spectral envelopes for each mode family in a silica microsphere. By comparing the experimental frequencies of spectral harmonics with the calculated eigenfrequencies we verified that the generated OFC with a larger bandwidth corresponds to the fundamental TE mode family, and the OFC with a smaller bandwidth to the TM mode family. We report the regime when the pump wavelength (without an OFC nearby) is in the normal dispersion region and Raman-assisted OFCs are generated in the anomalous dispersion region.


Increased iron storage represents a characteristic condition in patients with β-thalassaemia intermedia. Iron overload is an important factor in cellular damage. Recent studies have shown an enhanced lysosomal fragility due to increased iron storage. 13 patients with β°-thalassaemia intermedia, aged 17–44 years, were studied. Both serum ferritin and serum N-acetyl-β-D-glusosaminidase levels were evaluated in all subjects studied. A significant linear correlation (P < 0.05) between serum ferritin and serum N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase levels were found.


An important problem in data sciences pertains to inferring causal interactions among a collection of time series. Upon modeling these as a vector autoregressive (VAR) process, this paper deals with estimating the model parameters to identify the underlying causality graph. To exploit the sparse connectivity of causality graphs, the proposed estimators minimize a group-Lasso regularized functional. To cope with real-time applications, big data setups, and possibly time-varying topologies, two online algorithms are presented to recover the sparse coefficients when observations are received sequentially. The proposed algorithms are inspired by the classic recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm and offer complementary benefits in terms of computational efficiency. Numerical results showcase the merits of the proposed schemes in both estimation and prediction tasks.


The analytical solution for the free vibration of simply supported composite cylindrical shells with stringer and ring stiffeners is presented by using energy method.The Love's theory based on the averaging stiffener theory is used to derive the strain and the kinetic energy of the composite cylindrical shell and the orthogonal stiffeners respectively.Then according to the Lagrange equation, the frequency equations can be deduced.The natural frequencies are compared with the previously published analytical results and a good agreement is observed.The effects of shells and orthogonal stiffeners parameters such as the shell thickness-to-radius ratio, the shell length-to-radius ratio, the stiffener's height, on the frequencies are studied. In addition, the effect of hydrostatic pressure is also discussed. In this paper, the averaging method is used to dispose the stringer and ring stiffeners, which has simplified the theoretic deduction and reduced the calculation.


Japan's primary objective of the 'free and open Indo-Pacific' (FOIP) strategy is to shape and consolidate regional order in the Indo-Pacific region based on the existing rules-based international order. The concept initially aimed to achieve two different objectives—shaping a regional order in the Indo-Pacific and ensuring the defence of Japan; however, Japan has gradually shifted its strategic focus onto the former, separating national defence from the FOIP concept, which reflects a change in the degree of its commitment to the two objectives. On the one hand, as its overall security strategy, Japan has determined to steadily enhance its national defence by increasing its own defence capabilities and strengthening the US–Japan alliance, while transforming its partnerships with like-minded states, such as Australia and India, into a diplomatic, and potentially military, alignment. This has been brought about by shifts in the regional balance of power, particularly the rise of China and the relative decline of the United States. On the other hand, as part of its FOIP strategy, Japan's attempts to build a new regional order in the Indo-Pacific region aim to defend the existing rules-based order established by the United States from challengers, particularly China. Yet, given the strategic uncertainty over Japan's international coalition-building efforts to create a new regional order, Japan has made its approach flexible; Tokyo is using its ambiguous FOIP concept to gauge other states' responses, understand their perspectives, and change its strategic emphases accordingly—so-called 'tactical hedging'. Japan has pursued similar means to achieve the two key objectives. Nevertheless, the country's core interest, the defence of Japan, is more imperative than building a regional order in the Indo-Pacific region, and Japan faces different types of challenges in the future.


Magnesium alloys are gaining importance as structural materials in automotive and aerospace industries. Surface properties such as wear and corrosion resistance have to be improved in order to enhance the usability and application of these materials. Fabrication of magnesium based metal matrix composites is one of the possible ways to improve the surface properties. Friction stir processing (FSP) is a solid-state surface processing technique which enhances the surface properties such as hardness, strength, resistance to corrosion and wear without affecting the bulk properties of the material. In this paper, magnesium alloy AZ 91 has been friction stir processed using titanium carbide particles to form a surface composite. The FSP process parameters used in these investigations are transverse speed of 0.5 mm/sec; rotational speed of 1000 rpm and the axial load of 8 kN. The friction stir processed specimens have been subjected to pin on disc wear test to study the effects of micro particle reinforcement on the surface. The specific wear rate and co efficient of friction have been computed. The fabricated surface composites of AZ 91 with TiC particle exhibited better wear resistance and enhancement in micro hardness compared to the base metal properties. The maximum hardness of 146 VHN has been measured on FSP surface composites against the base metal hardness of 70 VHN. Metallurgical characterization has been done using optical microscopy, EDAX and scanning electron microscopy images.


Let Diff(D, zn) denote the group of smooth diffeomorphisms of the 2-dimensional disc that fix a neighborhood of ∂D and preserve a set zn consisting of n points. Let Diff0(D, zn) denote the identity component of this group. Then the mapping class group Diff(D, zn)/Diff0(D, zn) is isomorphic to Brn, the braid group on n strands. There is a natural "geometric" map ψ : Br2g+2 → Modg,2 induced by lifting mapping classes to a double cover Σg,2 of the disc D ramified over the points of z2g+2. One description of this map is as follows: Each f ∈ Diff(D, z2g+2) has a canonical lift to a homeomorphism of the cover Σg,2; this is the lift that fixes both boundary components pointwise. This gives an injective map Ψ : Diff(D, z2g+2)→ Homeo(Σg,2, ∂Σg,2), and the induced map on the quotient of these groups by their identity components is exactly ψ. Nariman [2] asks if these lifts can be made smooth: is there a map Diff(D, z2g+2)→ Diff(Σg,2, ∂Σg,2) that induces ψ on mapping class groups? Note that the construction above is inherently non-smooth: unless the derivative of f ∈ Diff(D, z2g+2) at each point z ∈ z is a scalar, the lift of f to a homeomorphism of the branched cover will not be differentiable at the branch points. Furthermore, there is some (weak) evidence to suggest that no "smoothing" is possible. For instance, Salter–Tshishiku [4] give obstructions to realizing braid groups by diffeomorphisms, so ψ cannot be obtained by a map that factors through Br2g+2. Work of Hurtado [1] also implies that such a map ψ should essentially be continuous, and that its restriction to the subgroup Diffc(D, z2g+2) of diffeomorphisms fixing a neighborhood of z (which we know to be nontrivial by [4]) must be obtained by embedding copies of covers of the open, punctured disc into Σg,2. This suggests, at least vaguely, that ψ would have to be obtained by branching the punctured disc over z, an inherently non-smooth construction. In [2], Nariman shows – perhaps surprisingly, given the above – that there is no cohomological obstruction to realizing ψ by a map on diffeomorphism groups. Here we confirm Nariman's result and give an alternative proof, via an explicit construction of a realization.


There is extensive opportunity for consumer participation in the Medical Devices Evaluation Committee. Its deliberations should, however, extend beyond the biophysical implications of devices. The author outlines the role of technology assessment in critically examining the social frameworks and implications in decision making. The author proposes a list of preferred consultants to be established by the TGA to undertake studies 'as required' of the social implications of the items within its purview. (non-author abstract)


A Bayesian nonparametric approach to the study of species diversity based on choosing a random discrete distribution as a prior model for the unknown relative abundances of species has been recently introduced in Lijoi et al. (2007, 2008). Explicit posterior predictive estimation of {\it species richness} has been obtained under priors belonging to the $\alpha$-Gibbs class (Gnedin & Pitman, 2006). Here we focus on posterior estimation of {\it species evenness} which accounts for diversity in terms of the proximity to the situation of uniform distribution of the population into different species. We focus on Simpson's index and provide a Bayesian estimator under quadratic loss function, with its variance, under some specific $\alpha-$Gibbs priors.


With the ever-growing demand for conventional fuels, the improvement in the efficiency of the photovoltaic system is the need of the hour. Antireflection coatings enhance the availability of solar power by reducing the percentage of light reflected. A new coating has been developed to improve the solar cell's overall efficiency. This study focuses on enhancing the efficiency of the monocrystalline solar cell when a coating of ZnO-MoO3 is applied at a certain thickness.

A layer of ZnO followed by MoO3 is deposited on a Silicon solar cell substrate using a Pulsed Laser Deposition process. Due to the transmissivity d between the two materials, they act as excellent antireflection coating. The layer thickness has been engineered to lie in the maximum absorption spectrum of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, which is between 400 and 800 nanometers.

Based on the calculation of transmissivities for a given layer thickness of coating material, the coating has been done, and the efficiencies of the coated specimen were compared with the uncoated solar cell. The percentage improvement in the electrical efficiency of a single crystalline silicon solar cell with an anti-reflection coating at 1059 W/m2 is about 35.7%.

Among the available antireflection coating materials, the combination that provides better efficiency when coated on top of a solar cell is hard to find.

This anti-reflection coating could be a better solution to enhance the overall efficiency of the single crystalline silicon solar cell.

Although ZnO and MoO3 coatings have been investigated separately for improvement in solar cell efficiency with varying levels of success, the hybrid coating of ZnO/MoO3 with a performance enhancement of 35.7% is a great leap.


A system of Kyushu Electric Power Company Inc. or KEPCO (about 19 GW) belongs to the western Japan system (110 GW) and has a 500-kV and 220-kV transmission line in a loop configuration. Japan's power system has high reliability and experienced no blackout for the past several decades. However, there is a possibility, though very slight, of a blackout in the event of a big earthquake or unforeseen accident. Considering the risk of blackout, KEPCO has been conducting studies on system restoration. This paper discusses a mechanism of an overvoltage phenomenon during a restoration period in which, about 0.2 seconds or more after a transformer is energized, a voltage becomes maximum in excess of 200% of the rated voltage. The paper also discusses countermeasures against this phenomenon.


The invention relates to the manufacturing field of marine engineering equipment, in particular to a floating state manufacturing method of a giant drilling oil storage platform for developing deep sea oil and gas resources, which also can be applied to building and mounting of large ships or offshore structures. A large-sized floating state manufacturing method uses a descend type work platform as a floating platform built by offshore equipment, various subsections of a total section on the bottom layer are carried and folded on the descend type work platform, the descend type work platform sinks after the bottom layer is built, the total section on the bottom layer and the work platform achieve detachment and steadily enter water by adopting buoyancy of water, then the total section on the bottom layer is used as a floating platform, and a main ship body, a deck and fitting-out of an offshore platform and the like are built on the floating platform. Aiming at the characteristics of large size and overweight of the offshore platform, a floating working platform is sectionally manufactured in a non-machining sectional manufacturing mode, and then is overlapped layer by layer, guarantees quality and precision of floating state manufacturing by adopting dynamic measurement and backward deformation control technology during the manufacturing process, and finally achieves building of giant marine engineering equipment.


Application of nanotechnology has revolutionized many frontier areas; it is paving a way for the researchers for possible application in all sectors. Nanotechnology holds promise for various aspects of fisheries and aquaculture development, like fish health management, fish breeding, aquatic environment management and other areas. Nanotechnological intervention will help to meet the global challenges associated with aquatic organism production, including environmental sustainability, human health, disease control and food security. This aspect of aquaculture and Fisheries is still in infancy and require attention of the scientific fraternity for its widespread use to harness its potential benefit. In the present paper a review on the application of nanotechnology in fisheries and aquaculture is presented.


Objective:To observe the effect of famciclovir combined with UVB phototherapy on the treatment of pityriasis rosea.Methods:140 patients were randomly and equally divided into the treatment group and the control group.Patients in the treatment group received oral famciclovir combined with UVB phototherapy,while patients in the control group received only oral famciclovir treatment.Then the effect and safety of the treatment in both groups were observed.Results:The curative rate in the treatment group was 90.6% with a total effective rate of 97.3%;while the curative rate in the control group was 69.2% with a total effective rate of 76.9%,which was of obvious difference of the effective rate between both groups(P0.05).Conclusion:Famciclovir combined with UVB phototherapy in the treatment of pityriasis rosea is very effective and worthy of clinical applications.


In July of 2011 the Dawn spacecraft is scheduled to begin orbital operations at Vesta, a large main-belt asteroid. Dawn is a NASA Discovery mission that uses solar-electric low-thrust ion propulsion for both interplanetary cruise and orbital operations. Navigating between the Dawn project's four targeted science orbits at Vesta requires a plan that accounts for uncertainties not only in thrust execution, orbit determination, and other spacecraft forces, but also large uncertainties in characteristics of Vesta – such as the asteroid's gravity field and pole orientation. Accommodating these uncertainties requires strategic use of low-thrust maneuvers reserved for statistical trajectory corrections. This paper describes the placement and evaluation of low-thrust statistical maneuvers during two key phases of the Vesta mission along with a discussion of the tools, constraints, and methods used to plan those maneuvers.


With a journalist's eye for detail, Robert Zelnick looks at Justice Sandra Day O'Connor's key role in the controversial University of Michigan affirmative action cases of 2003, providing key background information, detailed descriptions of daily arguments, and an evaluation of the final rulings.


How to make a reasonable plan to protect the resources of the wetland effectively and to give full play to its serving function has become a hotspot in the study field of wetland.Taking wetland in Luyang Lake as an example,firstly this paper introduces the general situation.And based on the status,characteristics and the need of management,aprotection and utilization plan is carried out.Then the ecology,economic and social benefits of the plan are also analyzed.The analysis indicates that the implementation of the plan is of significant ecology,economic and social benefits.Finally,this paper discusses the principles which should be followed in hope to provide the reference for the protection and utilization of wetland resources.


A method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals are provided to increase a signal transmission distance by estimating channels on a transmission channel with low delay dispersion characteristics. A signal transmitting and receiving apparatus includes an FEC(100), an interleaver(110), a symbol mapper(120), a frame builder(160), and a transmitter(180). The FEC(Forward Error Correction) performs an FEC process on input data. The interleaver interleaves the data, which is outputted from the FEC. The symbol mapper converts the interleaved data to data symbols according to plural symbol mapping schemes. The frame builder inserts a pilot symbol to the frame, which includes the data symbols. The transmitter transmits signals in the frame, to which the pilot signal is inserted.


The problem in this research is still many students are less capable of passing on volleyball. This study aims to determine the contribution of the arm muscle strength endurance and hand-eye coordination against passing on volleyball skills. This type of research is correlational. The population in this research that students who take courses in basic volleyball as many as 142 people. Purposive sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 30 people. To measure the strength of arm muscle endurance using a push-up tests, and eye-hand coordination using Und-Fangen Ballwerfen Test. And passing skills on using top passing skills tests. Data were analyzed by product moment correlation and followed with a double. The result showed that 1) the contribution of the arm muscle strength endurance against passing on volleyball skills, namely 15%. 2) contribution to the hand-eye coordination skills of passing on volleyball is 22%. 3) the contribution of the arm muscle strength endurance and hand-eye coordination jointly against passing on volleyball skills is 30%.


The explosive growth of data with the requirements of high reliability and low latency has posed huge challenges to the vehicular networks. One potential solution is to deploy the fog computing servers geographically closer to the vehicles to serve the vehicle-based applications in real time. However, due to the constraint of caching storage space as well as lack of tractable access mode selection and spectrum allocation algorithm, it is very challenging to balance the network transmission performance and fronthaul savings. In this paper, we investigate the joint optimization problem of access mode selection and spectrum allocation in fog computing-based vehicular networks. To solve the problem in an efficient way, the original high complexity optimization problem is divided into two subproblems. Wherein, the vehicle access mode selection problem is solved by Q-learning-based algorithm by considering spectrum allocation profiles and the fronthaul link cost. The randomly vehicular network topologies are modeled as CoX processes and the closed-form payoff expressions are derived by the stochastic geometry tools. On the other hand, the optimal spectrum allocation indicator value can be finally obtained via convex optimization. The analytical results for the proposed algorithm as well as the traditional baseline approaches are evaluated with different weight factors, which verify our theoretical analysis and confirm the proposed approach can achieve significant performance gains.


The survey of research on halakhah in the New Testament offered earlier in the present volume concluded that halakhic study is more generally thought applicable to the Jesus tradition than to Paul's letters. If halakhic study is more obvious with respect to the Jesus tradition, the problem is that halakhic issues are entangled with the complicated development of the synoptic tradition and consequently with the evolvement of the early Christian movement in its relationship with Judaism. The way to tackle this head-on would be to produce a reliable reconstruction of the development of the pertinent halakhah in the framework of first century Jewish and Christian history. Divorce law did not become a conflict area between Jews and Christians. In this exceptional domain, even gentile Christians from the start took a much stricter stance than most Jews and in fact rejected divorce altogether. Keywords: Christian; divorce; halakhah; Jesus; Jews


They do not understand that being brought apart is carried back together with itself; it is a back-stretching harmony as of the bow and the lyre. Herakleitus, Frag. 51 "Tell me, you, the heir of the argument," I said, "what was it Simonides said about justice that you assert he said correctly?""That it is just to give to each what is owed," he said. "In saying this he said a fine thing, at least in my opinion." Plato, Republic 331e (Bloom translation)


Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer death in Puerto Rico and second cause of death in the US. It is well accepted that modifiable lifestyle habits such as diet, contribute to CRC development. Diet could reduce up to 70% of CRC cases. Dietary patterns vary according to race/ethnicity. Puerto Rican Hispanics (PRH) have been shown to have a distinct diet compared to US non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). According to the BRFSS, only 17.7% of PRH and 23.4% of NHW consume fruit and vegetables five times per day. The objective of this study was to describe the association of specific food groups consumption with the risk of colorectal neoplasia (CRN: polyps and/or CRC) in PRH. The validated Colon Cancer Family Registry food frequency questionnaire was administered to healthy individuals (controls) and individuals with CRN (cases) recruited through the Puerto Rico Colorectal Cancer Registry (PURIFICAR). Models adjusted by age, gender, educational attainment and family history of CRC were fitted to estimate the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) through a polytomous logistic regression models comparing cases and controls. A total of 577 subjects were included in the study (controls=254; polyps=50; and CRC=273). The frequency of consumption of fruits, low fat dairy products, eggs, pasta/rice, non-fried chicken, and seafood were significantly different between controls and CRN cases (p Citation Format: Julyann Perez-Mayoral, Sachelly Julian, Marievelisse Soto-Salgado, Michael J. Gonzalez, Marcia Cruz-Correa. Dietary patterns and risk of colorectal neoplasia in Puerto Rican Hispanics: A case control study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 240. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-240


The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoI) lays the foundation for a new industrial revolution, the so-called Industry 4.0, in which every element, from machines to processes, is interconnected and fully automated, producing a huge amount of valuable data, crucial for making industrial processes more efficient and profitable. For this reason, it is common to run machine learning algorithms in order to extract useful information from these data. At the same time, due to bandwidth and privacy issues, it is often infeasible to transfer all these large-scale data to a centralized location where these algorithms can be performed. To address these scenarios, federated learning (FL) has been gaining ground in recent years. FL leaves the training data on the devices where they are produced and builds a global model by aggregating locally computed models, preserving user privacy and avoiding overwhelming the network with unnecessary raw data. However, there are still important challenges and limitations to the application of FL in Industry 4.0, mainly due to security issues and the fact that many solutions still suffer from single points of failure and bottlenecks. In this article, we present FlowChain, a framework that integrates FL with blockchain technology and decentralized identifiers (DIDs) to create an infrastructure that offers the possibility to easily exploit FL in Industry 4.0 scenarios. By using smart contract technology to automate the aggregation of partial models, it is possible to make FL fully decentralized. In addition, the fact that the blockchain is immutable and every transaction is verified and traceable makes FL secure. Furthermore, we exploit DIDs to be able to uniquely identify each element participating in industrial processes. This allows finer-grained control of authorizations so that only IIoT devices with a known and authorized identity can actually participate in the FL training process. Finally, we present some preliminary results that demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.


Turning device and document camera system. To achieve separation of a page of the book opened and operated by the one action, thereby achieving high-speed page turning. Pages (P) for the opened book (B) of the turning device (3) includes: adsorbing portion (35), a book (B) of the open page (P) adsorption; arm portion (34), in the distal end portion having a suction portion (35), in order page (P) of the original position of the suction turn portion (35) adsorbed to a page (P), the suction portion (35) in the page (P) is open destination (P) is separated from the page, while the object with the open portion at positions between the suction original open position (35) swings upward reciprocating action page (P); and a drive unit (the first driving section (33 )), the drive shaft (32) centered on the arm (34) swings. A drive shaft (32) with respect to the binding of the book (B) of the opening (b2) inclined and / or with respect to the book (B) is placed inclined plane.


EPA provides grants and enters into cooperative agreements that support protecting human health and the environment while advancing U.S. national interests through international environmental collaboration.


The utility model provides a fanjet with integration of aircraft structure, this fanjet is including the engine blower that sets gradually, the compressor, the combustion chamber, turbine and interior spray tube, set up interior duct between engine blower and the compressor, the interior duct wall outside is the by -pass air duct, fanjet by -pass air duct wall is connected with the outer wall integration of aircraft, the engine blower front end is connected with air inlet unit, external air current from the air inlet unit entering, two parts air current has been formed through the engine blower after, duct in partly the entering, and through the compressor, the combustion chamber, turbine and interior spray tube, another part gets into the by -pass air duct of outer wall of aircraft and the formation of interior duct wall to final and interior spray tube spun high temperature high -velocity air mixing blowout forms reaction force. With the outer wall integration greatly reduced of fanjet by -pass air duct wall and aircraft totality weight to aircraft contour dimension has been reduced.


India is the world's largest dairy producer. Indian Dairy sector has grown substantively over the years. Dairy products demand in India has increased dramatically in both rural and urban sectors. However, as a larger population is migrating from rural areas to cities. Thus, creates greater demand for dairy products. Tamil Nadu state is the one of the ten largest milk producing states in India. In the state, major milk contributor is Aavin, a Tamil Nadu-based milk producer's union, procures milk, processes it and sells milk and milk products to consumers. This paper analyses consumer perception over the Aavin special reference to the Pollachi Taluk of Tamil Nadu State. The aim of the study is reveal consumer perception over Aavin milk products based on their age, educational qualification and monthly income of the consumers' family. It also depicts level of satisfaction about the product using chi-square test. KeywordsAavin; Consumer behaviour; Dairy products; Milk consumption;


The article examines the approaches and methods of use onboard computing systems for various purposes, using the services of speech interaction. The mechanisms and methods of constructing and voice interfaces. It shows a demo unit of verbal interaction.


The presence of steel fiber in self-compacting concrete mix offers many advantages to the structural elements that cast by this type of mix. Steel fiber acts inside the concrete structural elements like a bridges that delays the cracks propagations and enhances the concrete mechanical properties. Concrete containing steel fiber influences on the workability of concrete so that selfcompacting concrete improves the workability of concrete. In the present study, conduct of the steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete columns subjected to static loading was investigated. The self-compacting concrete as limestone powder was adapted with steel fiber such as 1, 1.5 and 2%. Concrete mechanical properties such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of rupture were investigated. Four stub columns were tested under axial load. The test results show that there was an increase in concrete mechanical properties and load capacity of short column in presence of self-compacting concrete and steel fibers. The amount improvement resulting from use of steel fibers in a concrete (SCC) on the mechanical properties of concrete (compressive, tensile and flexural strength) based on the best steel fiber percentage (2%) is 40.00, 16.67, and 14.29% respectively and the amount of improvement in the behaviour of SFSCC columns as loading is 25.93%. the enhancements in lateral and longitudinal displacements is 20 and 24% respectively.


The article is devoted to semilinear Schrodinger equations in bounded domains. A unified semigroup approach is applied following a concept of Trotter-Kato approximations.Critical exponents are exhibited and global solutions are constructed for nonlinearities satisfying even a certain critical growth condition in \begin{document}$ H^1_0(Ω)$\end{document} .


Chapter Breakdown: v: 1 Loss of econom ic prosperity v: 2-3 Loss of leadership v: 4,12 Children to rule over them v: 5 Oppression of the people v: 6-8 Fam ily leadership also to fail v: 9-11 Immorality as Sodom v: 12-15 Judgment upon their leaders v: 16-4:1 Social conditions will being Lords judgment Resources & Explanations vs: 1-8 Chiasmas emphasis Ludlow p. 104-05 vs: 16-23 Daughters of Zion and the world See Student Manual Isaiah Chapter Four


Biological monitoring has made quite an impressive way since the early, rather scattered observations of environmentally-induced stress on native plants in urban-industrial areas (Nylander, 1866; Arnold, 1901). The heyday really came after World War II though, and, through the following decades, biomonitoring with plants has grown into a serious alternative – or, at least, an useful complement – to traditional (instrumental) methods of assessing contaminants from natural or anthropogenic sources (Burton, 1986; Nimis, 1990). In what concerns air contamination only, such an expansive growth has been sustained mainly by work with lower species – lichens, bryophytes and, to a much lesser extent, nonlichenised fungi. For the last decade, and according to Garty (2000), the number of new references dealing only with lichens in major literature sources has just approached 150. The contribution from higher, vascular plants appears much less relevant. And yet, several genera of those arguably underrated higher plants feature an ubiquity, availability and easiness of sampling that remains unmatched by lower epiphytes. But then, one might ask, how come they are not used more often...?


Abstract We consider the problem of producing an efficient, practical, quantum-resistant non-interactive key exchange (NIKE) protocol based on Supersingular Isogeny Diffie-Hellman (SIDH). An attack of Galbraith, Petit, Shani and Ti rules out the use of naïve forms of the SIDH construction for this application, as they showed that an adversary can recover private key information when supplying an honest party with malformed public keys. Subsequently, Azarderakhsh, Jao and Leonardi presented a method for overcoming this attack using multiple instances of the SIDH protocol, but which increases the costs associated with performing a key exchange by factors of up to several thousand at typical security levels. In this paper, we present two new techniques to reduce the cost of SIDH-based NIKE, with various possible tradeoffs between key size and computational cost.


Objective To understand the depressive status of patients with HIV/AIDS and their family members in order to provide objective information for conducting psychological interventions among them. Method The Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) questionnaires were used for assessing the depressive status and the SPSS software was applied for data analysis. Results The SDS values among the patients with HIV/AIDS and the family members of died AIDS patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls. The proportion of HIV/AIDS patients with medium to severe degree of depression was 15.5%, which was higher than that of healthy controls. The SDS values among female family members of HIV/AIDS patients were higher than those in male ones. Conclusion The depression is a negative psychological status usually occurred among the patients with HIV/AIDS and their family members, and the psychological interventions should be conducted based on the characteristics of different populations.


That a first shaft coupling device (6) and a second shaft (7) including splines carried at the ends of shafts for transmission of a torque between the shafts and means for centering said shafts. The centering means include an axial rod (9) mounted in the axis of rotation of the first and second shafts and whose mutually opposite ends are inserted in bores (10, 11) provided in the two shafts


Abstract A mathematical novel model for elastic semiconductor medium with microstretch properties is investigated. The generalized model is studied in the context of photo-thermoelasticity theory when the semiconductor medium is excited. The governing equations describe the coupled between the propagation of the elastic-thermal-plasma waves when the thermo-microstretch elastic semiconductor material is studied during a rotation field. The linear medium has an isotropic properties. The photothermal transport processes occurs during a two-dimension elastic and electronic deformation when the microinertia of microelement is taken into account. The harmonic wave method can be used to obtain the general solutions for the basic physical variables. The complete analytical solutions of the considered variables are obtained when some mechanical-thermal and plasma conditions are applied on the boundary of the semiconductor medium. The numerical simulations of silicon and germanium media are constructed graphically with many comparisons according to a new parameters with thermal memories and rotation parameter.


The purpose of this final project is to create technical and non-technical specifications of a small cyclotron in order to ensure that all the requirements of a modern laboratory for the production of radioisotope medical applications are met so that it can be procured, installed and demonstrated in the best possible way taking advantage of maximum capabilities of the system always for the benefit of the buyer. For this reason, in the working chapters are listed in detail everything that is necessary and concerns the cylinder, indicating both its principle of operation, as well as its structure, installation requirements and the various technical characteristics of the circulators on the market.


the chemistry of the sex hormones, the control of the uterus, tests for pregnancy, etc. The second half of the book is taken up with the application of the recent discoveries in endocrine physiology to the clinical problems of obstetrics and gynaecology. Primary and secondary amenorrhcea, menorrhagia, the climacteric, toxaemia of pregnancy and functional sterility, together with valuable reviews of recent work on precocious sexual maturity, intersexuality, hormonal sterilization, and the male sex hormones, while the last chapter, which should be of value to those who are engaged in work on endocrine pathology, describes various methods of hormone assay.


The metasurface inspired antenna chip developed by the KIT EOE Laboratory (MACKEY, RFID 920 MHz) is an electrically small antenna that is sufficiently robust to metal objects. However, there have been demands for miniaturization of the available model, which has a length of 200 mm at 920 MHz. Therefore, a new model called the MACKEY type H (RFID 920 MHz band) is proposed herein and is miniaturized to the size of a card. The type H antenna can extend the current path in a meandered manner through slits cut along the long sides of the grid plate. This paper presents the characteristics of the MACKEY type H antenna and its measurement results.


Six fungicides viz., mancozeb 75 WP @ 0.2%, chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 0.2% , tricyclazole 75% WP @ 0.1%, iprodione 25% + carbendazim 25% WP @ 0.1% , difenconazole 25% EC @ 0.1%, azoxystrobin 23 SC @ 0.1% were evaluated for managing leaf spot (Alternaria polianthi) of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single Petal with during kharif, 2010-2013. Four sprays with azoxystrobin (0.1%) at 15 days interval, starting on disease appearance proved to be the most effective and resulted in the lowest disease incidence (10.98 PDI ) compared to control ( 34.39 PDI ). This treatment also gave a fairly good benefit: cost (B: C) ratio of 6.87. The economic analysis, however, revealed the effectiveness of a combo fungicide, iprodion (25%) + carbendazim (25%), followed by difenconazole when they were applied at 0.1% concentration. These treatments recorded highest B:C ratio of 7.11 and 6.90 with 69.98% and 71.47% disease reduction, respectively.


This research was aimed at improving the elementary school teacher competency at cluster I and II in Sukasada District through the teacher group work reinforcement based on lesson study. The design of this research was an action research starting from plan, action, evaluation, and reflection. This research was done at cluster I and II in Sukasada District. The subject in this research was the elementary school teachers who was taught natural science, social science, and mathematics. While the object in this research was teacher competency in designing the lesson plan and applying the lesson plan in the classroom. In achieving the purpose of the research, the research procedures which was done divided into three steps, they were: first, lesson study plan including lesson study workshop, designing lesson plan and assessing lesson plan. Second, lesson teacher action by teacher model, teacher-assessment in applying lesson plan in the classroom, and data analysis. Third, lesson teacher reflection. Teacher competency data in designing lesson plan and applying lesson plan in the classroom was collected by using the checklist and observation method. Whereas, the data analysis used descriptive analysis by determining the mean of the teacher competency in every cycle. The result of this research showed that: 1) there was an improvement of the teacher competency in designing lesson plan in the amount of 18.1% from the first cycle was 65.7 (average category) to the second cycle was 83.8 (good category), 2) there was an improvement of the teacher competency in applying lesson plan in the classroom in the amount of 13.8% from the first cycle was 75.4 (average category) to the second cycle was 89.2 (good category), and 3) overall, there was an improvement of the teacher competency in the amount of 15.9% from the first cycle was 70.6 (average category) to the second cycle was 86.5 (good category). Thereby, the teacher workgroup reinforcement based on lesson study could improve the elementary school teacher competency at cluster I and II in Sukasada District.


A repeated-measures study over a Canadian academic year (6 mo.) examined personal and social predictors of patterns of college freshman drug use among 151 users. Frequency of use, stage of use, and self-reported significant adverse consequences of use were predicted by high social support for use, low expectations for goal attainment, high personal functions of use, and high attitudinal tolerance of use. Changes in personal and social variables over an academic year were related to heavy use patterns. The predictive power was increased by combining personal and social variables in a multivariate field theory.


This chapter analyzes the innovative profile of the Flemish creative 'design sector' using data obtained from 51 companies, taking part in an Innovation Diagnostic of their enterprise. Flemish creative companies are typically very small, but highly innovative. Results clearly show that the Flemish creative industry faces a number of specific challenges, mostly related to risk assessment and financing constraints. Moreover, creative entrepreneurs often lack the necessary economic background required to successfully commercialize their innovations and manage their business in an optimal way. Finally, government support appears not to be very well adapted to the need of micro firms (employing less than ten employees) in general and to the requirements of the creative sector specifically.


Design and implementation of a novel B-ACOSD CFAR algorithm is presented in this paper. It is proposed for detecting radar target in log-normal distribution environment. The BACOSD detector is capable to detect automatically the number interference target in the reference cells and detect the real target by an adaptive threshold. The detector is implemented as a System on Chip on FPGA Altera Stratix II using parallelism and pipelining technique. For a reference window of length 16 cells, the experimental results showed that the processor works properly with a processing speed up to 115.13MHz and processing time0.29 s, thus meets real-time requirement for a typical radar system.


The invention discloses a black fungus plantation matrix material and a processing method. The black fungus plantation matrix material comprises the following raw materials: hickory nut preserved fruit, oil tea shell, wood chip, wheat bran, gypsum and sugar. The processing method comprises the following steps: removing tannic acid of hickory nut preserved fruit and oil tea shell, then adding other accessories such as wood chip in the hickory nut preserved fruit and oil tea shell after removing tannic acid, and adding water for stirring and mixing to complete the preparation of the cultivated matrix material. According to the invention, waste hickory nut preserved fruit and oil tea shell are used, the wood chip amount is reduced, the cost is low, the technology processing method enables simple and easy operation, the resource can be fully used, the effective gains of the mushroom growers can be ensured, so that the processing method is in favor of continuous development of agricultural economy.


tion amongst Oriental races. In fact, it m?y be said to be the dental nil men t of the Orient, as dental caries is of the Occident, It is, however, widespread amongst Western races, and perhaps especially so amongst the European population of the United States of America. Perhaps for reasons not entirely unconnected with the last statement, moie rubbish has probably been written about alveolar pyorrhoea under various names than about any other condition known to the dental surgeon. It is of course Ambroise Paid to whom we are


The concept of natural-scientific criminology is understood by the author as a system of knowledge and methods of natural sciences and engineering in the part and the volume in which they can be used in order to expand the investigation and prevention of crimes. This work in fact is a pattern of developing special forensic techniques. By transmission and scanning electron microscopy combined with x-ray analysis we cannot answer the question how the structure of rubber affects its properties, and how can we purposefully change the structure of the modified rubber with the aim of obtaining a rubber with the desired properties. In addition, a combination of these methods allows to study the morphology of rubber for identifying and developing a method of analysis of traces of rubber, which could not be done earlier due to minor differences in the compositions of the rubbers. By modifying the rubber complex compounds we made significant differences in the composition of rubber, which allowed to identify and then to solve the more difficult task of search of the criminal who left traces of rubber, let it be traces of rubber shoes, car tire marks and other traces. The proposed utility model new samples of criminalistic techniques derived from the natural science knowledge, through the introduction of the achievements of analytical chemistry in service activities of the forensic expert. The use of scientific research will create a powerful source of investigative evidence and information to help establish objective truth in the process of preliminary investigation and subsequent proceedings.


Objective To analyze the ultrasonographic characters in the patients with scalp arteriovenous malformations and evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis.Methods The head soft tissue mass,bilateral superficial temporal artery and occipital artery in 9 patients with scalp arteriovenous malformations were examined using high frequency ultrasound.The caliber,systole peak velocity(Vmax),diastole end velocity(Vmin) and resistance index(RI) of the abnormal vessels were recorded.The findings were compared and analyzed with those of the cerebral angiography and ultrasonography in 40 healthy volunteers.Results These lesions displayed subcutaneous hypoecho or no echo region full of reticular or honeycombed darkspace by two dimensional ultrasound,rich signals with flickering and bright mosaic flow by color Doppler and the spectra of high velocity and low resistance by pulsed Doppler.Arterial spectral shape with high velocity and low resistance were found within the lesions and Vmax( 77.7 ± 14.3 ) cm/s,Vmin( 44.3 ± 5.7 )cm/s,RI= 0.41 ± 0.09 .Sixteen feeding arteries with spectra of high velocity and low resistance were checked out,their caliber,Vmax and Vmin were higher and RI lower significantly than those in the control (P 0.001 ).The draining venous velocities increased and their spectral waveforms were pulsatile and low resistant.Conclusions The ultrasonic imaging of scalp arteriovenous malformations accords with its pathologic manifestation and the high velocity,low resistant hemodynamic changing of the high flow lesion.So they can be differentiated from cavernous hemangioma of the scalp by ultrasonography,which features with low flow lesion.Ultrasonography provides a valuable means to diagnose this disease.


The invention concerns a novel method for making herbicide-tolerant plants, in particular to HPPD inhibiting herbicides, the nucleic acid sequences coding for enzymes capable of being used in said method, expression cassettes containing them and transgenic plants comprising at least one of said expression cassettes.


The "100 Years of Tropical Medicine Conference" which is taking place from 11-14 June 2010 in Townsville, Australia, provides an ideal and timely opportunity to reflect on the contributions of our tropical medicine pioneers in Australia. This conference, a partnership of many professional organisations and hosted by the Tropical Division of the Australian Institute of Medical Scientists
(AIMS) and The Australasian College of Tropical Medicine (ACTM), provides a focus for a centennial celebration of their legacy. It will encapsulate the past, present and future of tropical medicine in Australia - a fascinating
and often romanticised field of medicine and medical science.


Integral membrane proteins (MP) exhibit specific tridimensional conformation and topology that define their various functions. Pathogen surface antigens, encompassing many MP, are at the forefront of the viral strategy which is broadly targeted by the host immune response. These antigens are present in equilibrium under different oligomeric forms with distinctive epitopes, and to obtain them in a soluble form and/or stable constitutes a real risk. The solubilization of a full-length MP directly from a pathogen to rapidly obtain a native antigen mimicking the original conformation of the MP at the pathogen surface is the process development reported in this work. Rabies virus (RABV) was used as a model for this demonstration and its full-length glycoprotein (G) was stabilized in amphiphatic polymers (A8-35 amphipols). The stability of the soluble RABV-G was evaluated under various stress conditions (temperatures, agitation and light exposures) and a long-term stable RABV-G formulation, suitable for the freeze-drying process, was defined using a design of experiment approach. RABV-G/A8-35 in liquid form was shown to be antigenically stable at 5 °C and 25 °C for one month, and a dedicated kinetic model predicted its stability up to 1 year at 5 °C. To mitigate the RABV-G/A8-35 sensitivity to mechanical stress, a solid form of RABV-G/A8-35 and a freeze-drying process were considered, resulting in a 2-year thermally stable product at 5 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a natural full-length MP, extracted from a virus and trapped in amphipols, was kept antigenically stable in the long term, in a defined freeze-dried form out of any refrigerated storage conditions. These results described an easy process to obtain a pure, well conformed native-like antigen of interest, from a circulating pathogen which is of concern for diagnostic (quantification/characterization assays), therapeutic and vaccine strategies. After the physical characterization of the protein, the identification of RABV G/A8-35 neutralizing epitopes has been underway before in vivo testing.


The Society has a long history. Its origins go back to 1868 when a Toronto Astronomical Club was founded by eight amateur astronomers. In 1890 an expanded group obtained a charter under the Revised Statutes of Ontario as the " Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto." In 1903, King Edward V II permitted the use of the word " Royal" and the name of the Society became " The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada."


This study aims to examine the linkage between work–life balance (WLB) and organizational commitment (OC) among women employees in the healthcare sector.,Using a quantitative methodology, this paper drew upon samples of 580 health-care sector employees working in the health-care sector of Jammu and Kashmir in India. A structured questionnaire was administered to gather the required information. Data were analyzed using SMART PLS and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, in which descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance and structural equation modeling were conducted to achieve the objectives of the study.,Findings indicated a significant positive relationship between WLB and OC. Further component-wise analysis revealed a positive relationship between the WLB and affective and normative commitment. However, WLB demonstrated a negative association with continuance commitment.,The study also brought forth the causes and potential consequences of the work–life imbalance and stressed upon the role of organizational policies in managing the relationship between work and non-work domains and subsequently the development of OC among employees.


Proinflammatory cytokines, pathological iron deposition, and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). HO‐1 mRNA levels and mitochondrial uptake of [55Fe]Cl3‐derived iron were measured in rat astroglial cultures exposed to interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) or tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) alone or in combination with the heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) inhibitors, tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP) or dexamthasone (DEX), or interferon β1b (INF‐β). HO‐1 expression in astrocytes was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of spinal cord tissue derived from MS and control subjects. IL‐1β or TNF‐α promoted sequestration of non‐transferrin‐derived 55Fe by astroglial mitochondria. HO‐1 inhibitors, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MTP) blockers and antioxidants significantly attenuated cytokine‐related mitochondrial iron sequestration in these cells. IFN‐β decreased HO‐1 expression and mitochondrial iron sequestration in IL‐1β‐ and TNF‐α‐challenged astroglia. The percentage of astrocytes coexpressing HO‐1 in affected spinal cord from MS patients (57.3% ± 12.8%) was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than in normal spinal cord derived from controls subjects (15.4% ± 8.4%). HO‐1 is over‐expressed in MS spinal cord astroglia and may promote mitochondrial iron deposition in MS plaques. In MS, IFN‐β may attenuate glial HO‐1 gene induction and aberrant mitochondrial iron deposition accruing from exposure to proinflammatory cytokines.


Introduction: Clinical skills are an important indicator that must be achieved in the application of clinical learning to nursing students. Method: The design of this study is a systematic review. This article was prepared in accordance with the PRISMA method. Search for articles using the Pubmed, Proquest, ScienceDirect, and Ebsco databases. Research questions were prepared using the PICO method, and search keywords were based on a database in MeSH Term. The inclusion criteria in this review article are the focus on the application of clinical learning methods, applied to nursing students, the type of Randomized Controlled Trial research, influencing clinical skills, and published since 2011-2020.  There were 2,078 articles found. The included articles were analyzed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. To assess the quality of articles used the Effective Public Health Practice Project. Result: There are six articles included in this study. From the results of the critical assessment in the included article, the application of Flipped Learning, Video Skills, Interactive Clinical Nursing Skills Mobile Applications, High-Fidelity, Clinical Teaching Associates, End-of-Life Care can significantly improve the clinical skills of nursing students. Conclusion: The clinical learning methods applied can improve the clinical skills of nursing students. Therefore, these clinical learning models can be recommended in nursing education.


This experimental study investigated factors that influence cheating in health literacy surveys. The objective was to predict who is most likely to cheat using Google in online knowledge surveys. The experiment randomly assigned 265 participants into three research conditions. The first group completed a pen-and-paper version of the health literacy questionnaire. The second group and the third group completed an online version of the same questionnaire, while the participants of the latter group were explicitly asked to be honest. The number of correct answers was higher in the online groups, indicating that respondents to online surveys were more likely to 'cheat' by using search engines to answer questions. A positive correlation was found between the ability to seek health information on the Web, and the probability that a participant would cheat without the request to avoid using the Internet. In the online group with a request to be honest, no correlation was found. The conclusion is that people who have high ability to seek information online are most likely to cheat.


New clues for the best understanding of the nature of the symmetry-breaking mechanism are revealed in this paper. A revision of the standard gauge transformation properties of Yang-Mills fields, according to a group approach to the quantization scheme, enables the gauge group coordinates to acquire dynamical content outside the null mass shell. The corresponding extra (internal) field degrees of freedom are transferred to the vector potentials to conform massive vector bosons.


Northerly Island in Chicago was once the site of Meigs Field, a 76-acre general aviation airport. The airport was closed in 2003 and the Chicago Park District has plans for a nature preserve on the site. Still in its early stages, the new park has been planted with prairie flowers, grasses and saplings. No money has been budgeted for the nature preserve and no completed plans have been released. Although the Park District has completed a series of community meetings designed to gather input on what should be done with Northerly Island, these meeting have tended to become forums for airport enthusiasts promoting their idea of a combination park and airport. In early February 2005, plans were announced to build a temporary concert pavilion on Northerly Island to raise funds for a permanent park, but this plan has faced opposition. Negotiations between the concert promoter and the park district are still underway.