A novel dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is presented for wideband circular polarization (CP). Two unequal inclined slits are loaded on the diagonal of the square DR to excite a CP mode. The effect of variation of ratio between the length of the slits on the CP and impedance characteristics is studied. The DR is excited by a proper tapered strip, connected to the input microstrip line from one side, and finally matched by a chip resistor from the lateral side. As the key parameters, the position of the excitation and matching lines and the impedance of the chip resistor are carefully optimized to adjust and improve the CP. The proposed configuration offers a relatively compact and easy-to-fabricate feeding network and multiresonant performance providing a 3-dB axial-ratio and impedance bandwidth of about (43-50)% around 3.7 GHz, gain between 4 and 6 dBi. The CP and impedance parameters of the antenna are studied, and reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results is observed.


We reviewed the key measurement and conceptualization problems of the Allen and Meyer's (1990) three-component model (TCM) of organizational commitment (OC), and established an unequivocal grounding of the OC concept which Korean workers perceive. To that end, we examined internal structures of OC construct and validated it in the context of workers in Korean domestic banks. Overall two studies were conducted with data collected from a sample of 519 full time workers of seven domestic banks in Korea. While affective (AC) and continuance commitment (CC) were measured using scales of the TCM as customized, normative commitment (NC) was measured using the six-item scale (Jaros, 2007) according to the researcher's hypotheses on conceptualization of OC. In study 1, measures of the 290 respondents were analyzed using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). There were two phases scrutinizing factor structures of the OC scales. First, ESEM was conducted on the items of OC scale, and on the items measuring other constructs (assumed to be similar to OC or antecedents of OC). The result revealed that, contrary to our expectation, a unidimensional model of AC consisting of 10 items as indicators including six items of the AC construct and four items of the NC construct, fit the data best. In study 2, measures of the rest 229 respondents were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to confirm the model developed in study 1. The result revealed that the unidimensional model of AC fit the data better than the other two-factor (AC, NC) and three-factor(AC, NC, CC) models. We concluded that the construct of OC for Korean bank workers, especially domestic bank officers can best be understood as a singular construct of affective dimension which is newly conceptualized and validated through the current study. Such a result was interpreted in light of the organizational cultural value orientations in Korean domestic banks. Implications for OC theory and its application were discussed concerning the present results.


The use of technology and the Internet in our society is increasing. In Norway, for example, about 85% of the population use the Internet monthly (Gallup, 2008). There is every indication that this number will increase, based on the current development of a new IP-address system to handle the IP shortage we will encounter (Tseng, Lee, Kung, Chou, & Chen, 2005). People use the Internet for a range of activities including private and business purposes, and in particular for maintaining and developing social contact (di Gennaro & Dutton, 2007). Indeed, communication through social networking sites where the main focus is on creating and maintaining friendships is increasingly important to individuals, including young people (di Gennaro & Dutton, 2007). Online social network sites such Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace are used for sharing information about day-to-day life with friends and family, and for connecting with strangers who share the same interests (Subrahmanyam, Reich, Waechter, & Espinoza, 2008). With the help of an avatar—a three-dimensional online character that is created in the virtual world to represent the user and can be personalised in the greatest detail— social interaction with strangers and friends can occur in virtual worlds, like Second Life. Being equipped with both a first and a last name, the avatar can be seen as an embodiment of the user's real self within a virtual world. Virtual worlds


. This paper updates the distribution and relative abundance of ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) in Ohio. In 1998, ruffed grouse were reported in 40 counties covering approximately 31,450 km 2 in glaciated northeastern and unglaciated eastern and southeastern Ohio. The relative abundance of ruffed grouse was rated as "best-good" in about 64% of this range and as "fair-marginal" in 34%. The occupied range of ruffed grouse in Ohio decreased 24% between 1982 and 1998 and the amount of that range with a relative abundance rating of "best-good" declined from 74 to 64%.


"We raised the power of reason, the power of manipulating words, above all other faculties. The written word became our god. We forgot that before words there were actions … that there have always been things beyond words. We forgot that spoken words preceded the written one. We forgot that written form of our letters came from ideographic pictures … that standing behind every letter is an image like an ancient ghost. The image stands for natural movements of the body and other living things." Frank Herbert


The measurement of shear- and normal-stress on a surface is of outstanding practical importance across a vast rangeof scales. On the macroscale, these quantities account for the surface drag on transportation vehicles, thereby a⁄ectingmaneuverability and fuel e¢ ciency. In such environments a detailed knowledge of the surface shear-stress (skin-friction)and pressure can be used to characterize near-surface ⁄uid ⁄ows, such as turbulent boundary layers and separatingstructures, with applications in design and the emerging –eld of ⁄ow control[2]. On the microscale, shear- and normal-stress can be used to characterize the low Reynolds number ⁄ow of complex ⁄uids; their measurement permits quantitativeassessment of both the –rst and the second normal stress di⁄erence of ⁄uids such as wormlike micellar solutions andbiopolymer solutions, and the normal-stress properties of physically-crosslinked gel networks in bio⁄uid systems. Thegoal of this proposal is to develop an integrated system for measuring surface shear-stress and pressure, in collaborationwith industrial partners, to address the combined research and teaching needs of the newly merged Mechanical and OceanEngineering departments.In February 2004 a workshop on shear-stress measurement techniques held at CALTECH


Simultaneous radiosonde observations were made at Funadomari on Rebun Island and at Soya Cape in order to study the kinematic and thermodynamic structure of a cold air mass that penetrates into the Sea of Japan from the Sea of Okhotsk through the Soya Straits when broad band cloud appears on the west coast of Hokkaido. The time interval between sonde observations was ∼ 2 hours. In the period from 26 to 27 Feb. in 1990, we were able to observe the developing stage of the broad band cloud and obtain the kinematic and thermodynamic structure of a meso-β-scale vortex which landed on Rebun Island just prior to the development of the cloud. At altitudes below 1 km, the static stability was higher at Soya Cape than at Rebun Island. It is confirmed that the cold air mass which blew over Rebun Island was closely related to the development and movement of the broad band cloud. The depth of the meso-β-scale vortex defined from the wind field was ∼ 4 km. The level of the cloud top of the vortex. defined as the region where the relative humidity was greater than 70 %, was ∼ 2.5 km at Rebun Island. There was a transient layer whose kinematic and thermodynamic structures were different from those inside the cloud region and the environmental air, at least on the leading side of the cloud region. There appeared a meso-β-scale high temperature region with a strong wind (more than 50 m s -1 ) just below the tropopause and right above the cloud region of the low-level vortex. This upper-level meso-scale disturbance moved with the low-level vortex, and its structure changed in accordance with the developing stage of the low-level vortex.


Serratia odoriferi septicemia is uncommon, usually occuring in an immunosuppressed host e.g. chronic liver diseas, patients with parenteral nutrition or parenteral fluid, IVDU patients. This 43-year-old man presented with cellulitis and hemorrhagic bleb in his right leg. The patient had history of cirrhosis with esophageal varices.


pairs. the the saturation and frontal position curves Studying the mechanisms embedded in the immiscible displacement of the two-phase fluids has many engineering and natural implications, like the CO 2 geological storage, the secondary or ternary oil and gas recovery and the NAPL remediation in underground formations. The pore-scale phenomena such as Haines jump and capillary filling are recognized in the literatures to have a strong impact on the displacement phenomena. Haines jump is characterized by an abrupt jump of some certain two-phase interfaces while rearranging the configuration of the meniscus of the surrounding pores. In contrast, the capillary filling induces a flat interface movement, where non-wetting phase fluid favors the larger pores due to capillary forces, and vice versa. In this article, we have simulated the drainage process in randomly distributed pore structures with varied pore throat diameters. The Haines jump and capillary filling phenomena are recognized to play a significant role in the saturation and frontal position curves. As a result, Haines jump tends to induce a hop of frontal position given the same saturation, whereas the capillary filling evades pore spaces with a fixed frontal position. In addition, the influence of capillary number and viscosity ratio are thoroughly analyzed. The result shows that higher capillary number and higher viscosity ratio are deemed favorable for the entrapment of non-wetting phase fluid (like CO 2 ). The energy equilibrium study shows around 48% of the external input work is dissipated through these instantaneous irreversible events. Ways to reduce the occurrence of these events will undoubtedly increase the displacement energy efficiency. This work has a direct implication for CO 2 geological storage.


Introduction: Although guidelines for heart transplant currently recommend against donors weighing ≥ 30% less than the recipient, recent studies have shown that the detriment of under-sizing may no...


An LCL-type filter is widely used in the grid-connected inverter. However, with only injected grid current control, the current harmonics and low bandwidth caused by the resonance peak cannot be tolerated. The active damping (AD) method with an extra feedback provides a high rejection of the resonance so that the dynamic is improved; however, the high-precision sensing circuit for the extra feedback increases the cost. In this paper, with the signal flow graph and response-fitting methods, an AD method based on the feedback of the injected grid current has been proposed. Then, the novel closed-loop current control requires accurately sensing the injected grid current only, while no observation is needed. Compared with the extra feedback methods, the cost and the complexity are reduced while the reliability is improved. Based on the study of the relation between the controller and the system dynamic, a straightforward design has been proposed. The robustness, harmonic rejection, and digital implementation have been studied. Compared with the conventional control methods, the proposed one promises the satisfactory performance with both analog and digital implementations. Simulations and experiments have verified the proposed control and design strategies.


A straddle carrier for inserting into container terminals and for general transportation purposes has a frame, a load-receiving means (4), preferably a spreader or a top spreader, which hangs between the frame and which can be locked to a load, preferably a container. The straddle carrier also has hoisting winches, by means of which the load-receiving means can be moved vertically, and chassis, which lie on the lower region of the frame and each of which has a plurality of wheels arranged in a row, each said wheel being associated with a wheel driving unit (12) comprising a motor (13), a transmission (14), and a braking device (15). According to the invention, the wheel driving unit (12) can be produced with low technical complexity and also at a low economic cost. This is achieved in that the braking device (15) of each wheel driving unit (12) is arranged on the rapidly revolving side of the transmission (14) that is associated with each of said units.


Abstract – The paper discusses the main challenges in multi-version system design. Most of the current techniques for design diversity rely on a system life cycle within a single design concept, so it is not possible to make a system robust to the defects that are common to each version since widely used Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools usually have only standard algorithms and conventional logic implemented. In this work, we give a solution to the problem of achieving the least correlation level within the multi-version projects by using different approaches to system design. Focusing on the non-classical design based on the genetic algorithms (GAs), we represent the metrics to assess a diversity level in multi-version digital systems and suggest several methods to estimate the reliability of such systems. We prove those by an example of heating controller for AN-70 plane as well. Index Terms – Fault Tolerance, Multi-Version Systems, Design Diversity, Genetic Algorithms, Digital Automata.


Percutaneous insertion of a Swan-Ganz catheter through the internal jugular vein is presumed to have resulted in lodgement of the catheter tip in the wall of the internal carotid artery.


Trimellitic anhydride was reacted with 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether in a mixture of acetic acid and pyridine (3 : 2) at room temperature and was refluxed at 90–100°C, and N,N′-(4,4′-diphenylether) bistrimellitimide (3) was obtained in a quantitative yield. 3 was converted into N,N′-(4,4′-diphenylether) bistrimellitimide diacid chloride (4) by a reaction with thionyl chloride. Then, six new poly(amide imide)s were synthesized under microwave irradiation with a domestic microwave oven through the polycondensation reactions of 4 with six different derivatives of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoin in the presence of a small amount of a polar organic medium such as o-cresol. The polycondensation proceeded rapidly and was completed within 7–10 min, producing a series of new poly(amide imide)s in high yields with inherent viscosities of 0.27–0.66 dL/g. The resulting poly(amide imide)s were characterized by elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetry, solubility testing, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All the polymers were soluble at room temperature in polar solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3447–3453, 2004


Some of the in Europe occurring Epipactis species are so called "Wasp-flowers", because they get pollinated by social wasps like Vespula germanica. Investigations in the past treated mainly the question of the pollinators and the optical attractiveness of the blossoms. Recently, assumptions were made that Epipactis flowers lure their pollinators by specific scents. To find out which cues have a high attractiveness for pollinating wasps, workers of V. germanica were tested in bioassays. In various tests they were offered whole infloresences, blossoms without scent, natural scent and blossom extracts of E. helleborine. Pentane blossom-extracts of E. helleborine and E. purpurata were collected and the wasp attracting volatiles were identified by means of chemical analyses combined with electrophysiological recordings (GC-EAD) and behavioural experiments. Using GC-EAD, 20 compounds triggered receptor potentials in the antennas of V. germanica workers. Seven main components were identified as aldehydes (heptanal, pentadecanal, hexadecanal and vanillin), alcohols (pentadecanol, hexadecanol) and phenols (2-methoxy-4-methylphenol). I used multivariate statistics (principal component analyses, discriminant function analyses) to compare the scents of the wasp pollinated species with the bumble-bee-pollinated species. The bouquets of the wasp-pollinated species were more similar to each other in the main components than to E. atrorubens. The latter is distinguished by a high content of vanillin in the blossom-extract. Furthermore wasps were tested in spontaneous choice tests with y-tubes.


Language acquisition occurs rapidly during early childhood and lays the foundation for future reading success. However, little is known about the brain–language relationships in young children. The goal of this study was to investigate relationships between brain metabolites and prereading language abilities in healthy preschool‐aged children.


We prove the matrix $A_2$ conjecture for the dyadic square function, that is, a norm estimate of the matrix weighted square function, where the focus is on the sharp linear dependence on the matrix $A_2$ constant in the estimate. Moreover, we give a mixed estimate in terms of $A_2$ and $A_{\infty}$ constants. Key is a sparse domination of a process inspired by the integrated form of the matrix--weighted square function.


Chronic diseases such as cancer, and other non-communicable diseases are fast replacing communicable diseases in India and other developing countries. We deal here with the epidemiology of cancer, its control and prevention measures as applicable to Indian situation. Tobacco is the most important identified cause of cancer followed by dietary practices, inadequate physical activity, alcohol consumption, infections due to viruses and sexual behaviour. Cancer prevention includes primary and secondary prevention measures. Public education on 'tobacco and its health hazards', recommended dietary guidelines, safe sexual practices, and lifestyle modifications form the main features of primary prevention of cancer. Incorporating screening for cancer of cervix, breast and oral cancers into peripheral health infrastructure can have a significant effect on reducing mortality from these diseases.


Objective
To evaluate the effect of Notch-Hes1 signaling blockade by a γ-secretase inhibitor on the expression of γδT17 cells in a mouse model of psoriasis-like skin inflammation.

Methods
Forty-five healthy specific pathogen-free (SPF) male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and intervention group by simple random sampling. The model group and intervention group were both topically treated with imiquimod 5% cream (62.5 mg once a day) on the shaved back, the intervention group were then intraperitoneally injected with the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT (10 mg/kg once a day) immediately after topical application of imiquimod, and the control group were topically treated with equivalent amount of vaseline once a day. After 6-day treatment, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was used to evaluate changes of skin lesions. On day 7, blood samples were obtained from all the mice through heart puncture after anesthetization, and spleen and skin tissues were acquired to prepare single cell suspension. Spleen index was compared among the 3 groups. Skin tissues on the mouse back were resected and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe histopathological changes. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of γδT17 cells in the spleen and skin tissues, real-time reverse transcription (RT) -PCR to measure the mRNA expression of Hes1 in single cell suspension of the spleen, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the serum level of interleukin (IL) -17A. Statistical analysis was carried out by using one-way analysis of variance and repeated measures analysis of variance for comparison of indices among groups, and Pearson correlation analysis for evaluating the correlation between different indices.

Results
Twenty-four hours after the final treatment, the intervention group showed milder psoriasis-like skin inflammation, lower PASI score, and milder degree of epidermal thickening and dermal inflammatory cell infiltration compared with the model group. The model group showed significantly increased spleen index (12.534 ± 1.636) , proportions of γδT17 cells in the spleen (24.659% ± 4.603%) and skin tissues (22.127% ± 5.670%) , mRNA expression of Hes1 in the spleen (4.867 ± 0.543) , and serum level of IL-17A ([22.478 ± 2.776] ng/L) compared with the control group (all P < 0.01) . However, the above indices were significantly lower in the intervention group (9.449 ± 1.040, 14.966% ± 5.770%, 13.631% ± 5.946%, 2.541 ± 0.347, [18.639 ± 1.816] ng/L) than in the model group (all P < 0.01) . In the model group and intervention group, there were positive correlations between the proportions of γδT17 cells in the spleen and serum levels of IL-17A (r = 0.56, 0.53 respectively, both P < 0.05) , between the proportions of γδT17 cells in skin lesions and PASI scores (r = 0.56, 0.52 respectively, both P < 0.05) , as well as between the mRNA expression of Hes1 in the spleen and the proportions of γδT17 cells (r = 0.61, 0.58 respectively, both P < 0.05) or serum levels of IL-17A (r = 0.60, 0.54 respectively, both P < 0.05) .

Conclusion
Notch-Hes1 signaling blockade by γ-secretase inhibitor can markedly inhibit the expression of γδT17 cells, and effectively alleviate the severity of psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mouse models.

Key words:
Psoriasis; Amyloid precursor protein secretases; Receptors, Notch; Th17 cells; Interleukin-17; Hes1; γδT17 cells; γ-Secretase inhibitor


Phosphor conversion of light‐emitting diode (LED) radiation has been used in many configurations and combinations to generate white light. The concept of down conversion of, e.g., blue LED emission, offers also the possibility to provide efficient generation of monochromatic, high‐color‐purity light, especially in wavelength ranges in which direct radiation from non‐converted LEDs is relatively inefficient, i.e., in the "yellow gap". In the case described here, a blue‐emitting LED is 'fully' converted to amber emission with a peak wavelength of 595 nm and a color purity of >96%, while demonstrating an external quantum efficiency exceeding that of direct AlGaInP LEDs of the same wavelength by a factor of almost two at room temperature, and the lumen output under equal drive conditions at 85 °C by more than a factor of four. An essential component in this high performance is, besides the choice of the right – nitride – phosphor, the use of this phosphor in a densely sintered ceramic form which has considerable optical advantages over powders. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Oreochromis niloticus is one of the fresh waters fish has fast growth and
efficiency to diet formulation. The Suitability of velvet bean meal as a mayor
source of plant source in diets for tilapia (O. niloticus) was tested by examining
growth, diet intake and survival rate. Tilapia at an initial average length 9,72 cm ±
0,24 cm, average weight 9,42 g ± 0,09 g and density 2 fish/liter. This research was
condueted random complete design with five treatments and three replications.
The treatments are formulated diets with soy bean meal (SBM) protein was
gradually replaced by protein from velvet bean meal (VBM) (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%
respectively). The result shows that the treatments give not significant different
for absolute growth weight, spesific growth rate, diet intake, and survival rate
(P>0,05) with up 100% substitution of SBM with VBM. The best treatments is
diet 25% soy bean meal : 75% velvet bean meal with absolute growth weight
17,83 g, spesific growth rate 1,76%, diet intake 88,79%, and survival rate 86,33%.
Keyword : Absolute growth weight, velvet bean meal, soy bean meal, diet intake,
Oreochromis niloticus


We discuss the p-adic formula (0.3) of P. Th. Young, in the framework of Dwork's theory of the hypergeometric equation. We show that it gives the value at 0 of the Frobenius automorphism of the unit root subcrystal of the hypergeometric crystal. The unit disk at 0 is in fact singular for the differential equation under consideration, so that it's not a priori clear that the Frobenius structure should extend to that disk. But the singularity is logarithmic, and it extends to a divisor with normal crossings relative to Zp in P1Zp . We show that whenever the unit root subcrystal of the hypergeometric system has generically rank 1, it actually extends as a logarithmic F -subcrystal to the unit disk at 0. So, in these optics, "singular classes are not supersingular". If, in particular, the holomorphic solution at 0 is bounded, the extended logarithmic F -crystal has no singualrity in the residue class of 0, so that it is an F -crystal in the usual sense and the Frobenius operation is holomorphic. We examine in detail its analytic form. 0. Introduction In a recent article P. Th. Young, on the line of previous work by N. Koblitz [Ko] and J. Diamond [D], used some combinatorial identities and a principle of p-adic continuity in all variables to compute special values of a certain function F(a, b, c;λ) related to the classical Gauss hypergeometric function F (a, b, c;λ). As in [p-DE IV], the function F(a, b, c;λ), for a, b, c ∈ Zp, c / ∈ Z≤0, is defined to be the maximal p-adic analytic extension of the ratio (0.1) F (a, b, c;λ) F (a′, b′, c′;λp) , where for a ∈ Zp, a′ ∈ Zp is uniquely defined by the condition that (0.2) pa′ − a = μa ∈ {0, 1, . . . , p− 1}. (We also recursively define a = a, and a = (a(i))′, for i = 0, 1, . . . .) In particular, Young obtained the formula (see [Y1, Th. 3.1] and (5.3.1) below) (0.3) F( 2α p− 1 , β p− 1 , 1 + 2α− β p− 1 ;−1) = (−1) α Γp( α p−1 )Γp( β−α p−1 ) Γp( 2α p−1 )Γp( β−2α p−1 ) Received by the editors November 15, 1994. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 11T23, 11S31, 12H25, 14F30. c ©1996 American Mathematical Society 2249 License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use 2250 FRANCESCO BALDASSARRI (where Γp denotes the Morita p-adic gamma function), for any α, β ∈ Z such that (0.4) 0 max(μa(i) , μb(i)) , for any i = 0, 1, . . . . This condition guarantees that the holomorphic solution of the hypergeometric operator at 0 (that is, F (a, b, c;λ)) is a bounded holomorphic function on D(0, 1−) = {λ ∈ Cp | |λ| 1. This might be the best approach (cf. [LDE, Chap. 9], [Dw2]) when a, b, c are in 1 q−1Z∩ (0, 1). In that case one would consider (0.6) F (a, b, c;λ) = F (a, b, c;λ) F (a(f), b(f), c(f);λq) . The condition for F (a, b, c;λ) to extend to an admissible domain of analyticity would then consist of two separate assumptions. The first is (0.5) for i = f − 1, which already guarantees 1-dimensionality of the space of bounded solutions of the system at a generic point. A second condition is needed to guarantee nonsupersingularity of the class of 0, that is, the existence of a bounded solution of the system in D(0, 1−). The condition says that the order of zero at λ = 0 of the lowerright entry of the Frobenius matrix shouldn't exceed c(q−1) [Dw2, Def. 1.11]. This is certainly the case if we insist that condition (0.5) holds for all i = 0, . . . , f − 1. This is the viewpoint of this article and of [p-DE IV]. A separate question is the one of non-supersingularity of the non-singular point λ0 at which we want to evaluate F(a, b, c;λ). In the case considered here, λ0 = −1 and c ± (a − b) ∈ Z, this is automatic (cf. (2.31) and (2.36)). In the case considered by [Ko] and [D], λ0 = 1 is singular, so condition (0.5) appears combined with a similar condition [D, (iii) of Thm. 1.1] at 1, to guarantee that the above mentioned unit root F -crystal also extends to a p-adic formal neighbourhood of 1. Again, non-supersingularity of the class of 1 follows from that condition. While problem 5 also becomes more interesting in the case of a singular fiber, where Frobenius operates on the "eigenvectors of local monodromy" (cf. [GHF, Lemmas 24.3 and 24.5.8]) in this paper, motivated by formula (0.3), we only discuss the non-singular fiber at λ0 = −1. We carefully analyze the relation between the value F( 2α p− 1 , β p− 1 , 1 + 2α− β p− 1 ;−1) = F( β p− 1 , 2α p− 1 , 1 + 2α− β p− 1 ;−1) and the unit root of the L-function (0.7) L(t) = exp ∞ ∑


Abstract
A case of rhinophycomycosis entomophthorae occurring in an immature chimpanzee living in the wild in the Gombe Stream Reserve of Western Tanzania is described. The fungus Entomophthora coronata was cultured from the lesion. Treatment with small doses of iodide, sulphadoxine (Fanasil, Roche), and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprin (Bactrim, Roche) failed to affect the lesion. With the onset of sexual maturity the lesion appeared to undergo an exacerbation. This case is discussed in relation to the disease occurring in humans and it is suggested that if infection can be induced in chimpanzees this might prove to be a model for the further study of the disease.


Antibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are an important cause of nosocomial infections. These strains are currently causing community‐acquired infections, resulting in an increased need for alternative therapies. S. aureus capsules appear to act as important virulence determinants, as bacteria with type 5 and 8 capsules cause 75–90% of nosocomial infections and anti‐capsular antibodies decrease mortality in infected mice. Our research involves construction of analogs of the aminosugars found in S. aureus capsules that we are testing for their ability to prevent capsule synthesis. To measure capsule production, bacteria were incubated with MV‐II‐065 or MV‐II‐063 (both n‐glucosyl 1,2,3‐triazoles with different functional groups), formalinized, trypsinized, and the bacteria used as an antigen in an ELISA. The presence of capsular carbohydrate was determined by incubation with anti‐capsular monoclonal antibodies, followed by a secondary incubation with peroxidase‐conjugate anti‐mouse Ig and a colorimetric substrate. Incubation type 5 S. Aureus with MV‐II‐065 decreased antibody binding, but the compound had no effect on Type 8 capsule synthesis. Studies with MV‐II‐063 (shown below) have indicated inhibition of capsule synthesis in Type 8 bacteria, while type 5 capsule synthesis remains to be tested.


Malignant hypertension is one of the most severe consequences of high blood pressure. The disease is rare in comparison to the prevalence of high blood pressure but continues to challenge clinicians, and to puzzle researchers. In this issue of the Journal of Hypertension, van den Born and coworkers [1] present results of an association of malignant hypertension with the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT). Among 38 white patients with malignant hypertension identified between 1995 and 2005 in an academic referral centre in Amsterdam, approximately two-thirds were homozygous carriers of the T allele. This astonishing frequency of TT homozygotes contrasted with the findings in two control populations of normotensive and hypertensive subjects: in both populations, between 10 and 20% of white participants were homozygous for the T allele, a frequency that is in agreement with numerous studies in similar populations.


The aim of this study is to screen leaves of Calotropis gigantea for the anti-Candida properties against four clinical isolates of Candida. Aqueous, methanol, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts of the leaves of Calotropis gigantea were screened against clinical isolate of Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and C. krusei. The in vitro anti-Candida assay was performed by agar well diffusion method in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test was performed by modified agar well diffusion assay in PDA. The inhibitory effect of aqueous extract on all four tested Candida species was significantly higher than the methanol, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts. Aqueous extract showed low MIC values against C. tropicalis (125 µg/ml), C. krusei (250 µg/ml) and C. albicans (500 µg/ml), followed by the methanol extract against C. tropicalis, C. krusei (500 µg/ml) and petroleum ether extract against C. tropicalis (500 µg/ml). The results prove Calotropis gigantea as a potent source of natural anti-Candida compounds.


The essay argues that Edmund Burke's differences from Adam Smith on government-sponsoredassistance for the unemployed is rooted in their differences about the nature of government, notin their economic theories. Burke, unlike Smith, cannot free himself from the violent display ofpower on which he thinks political legitimacy rests. In this way, his work testifies to the insightsof Michel Foucault. Smith has a different, more bourgeois ideal and a higher estimate of the"bourgeois virtues" of the common person.KEYWORDS: Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations, Edmund Burke, Unemployment Assistance,Virtues, Sublime Style, Government


The characterization of the moisture flows over South America, with a special focus on the Southeast Brazil (SEB), was performed through the analysis of 21 Earth System Models (ESMs) belonging to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for the present climate (1971–2000) and projections for the late 21st century (2071–2100) using a scenario of high radiative forcing (RCP 8.5). The results show that the ESMs simulate well the spatial distribution of the flow and the divergence of moisture in the present climate, when compared with the 20CRv2c reanalysis, although some biases have been identified. In relation to the magnitude of the moisture flow, the models underestimate the moisture convergence mainly on the central, south and southeast regions of South America. On SEB, the simulations show that the main sources of moisture for the region come from the north and east edges, confirming the contribution of moisture from the Amazon Basin and the South Atlantic Ocean. Climate change projections indicate an increase in moisture flow across South America, and regions of moisture convergence (divergence) in the present climate are projected to be even more convergent (divergent) in the future climate. In addition, the moisture flow over the SEB also showed to be more intensified on all lateral edges, as well as the moisture balance. This result is consistent with some studies on projections of climate change towards the end of the 21st century, which indicate that there will be an intensification of meteorological systems such as the Low Level Jet and the South American Monsoon System, contributing to the increase of moisture transport to the SEB region.


Abstract : One focus of modern cognitive science is the interaction between people and complex systems, such as computer and electronic systems. American society is becoming inundated with more and more complex systems. The skills required to design, operate, and fix these systems have become necessary ones for anyone to function successfully in our society. Teaching people to deal with these systems, and designing the systems so that they are easy for people to use, are important goals for an applied cognitive psychology. In this paper we present a framework for understanding the research in the cognitive sciences on human interaction with systems, and describe some of the best research carried out in this area. (Author)


Climatic and hydrologic situation in the territory of Tomsk region have been analyzed from the perspective of water consumption risks. It was ascertained that water consumption risk may be referred to mass risk by the degree of occurrence in the territory of Tomsk region. As a result of complex analysis of climatic, hydrologic and social-economic intensity a general estimation of water consumption risk was obtained. Spatial differentiation of the territory was carried out by the degree of water consumption risks subject to social-economic factor.


The Gordon Research Conference on 'Plant Lipids: Structure, Metabolism and Function' has been instituted to accelerate research productivity in the field of plant lipids. This conference will facilitate wide dissemination of research breakthroughs, support recruitment of young scientists to the field of plant lipid metabolism and encourage broad participation of the plant lipid community in guiding future directions for research in plant lipids. This conference will build upon the strengths of the successful, previous biannual meetings of the National Plant Lipid Cooperative (www.plantlipids.org) that began in 1993, but will reflect a broader scope of topics to include the biochemistry, cell biology, metabolic regulation, and signaling functions of plant acyl lipids. Most importantly, this conference also will serve as a physical focal point for the interaction of the plant lipid research community. Applications to attend this conference will be open to all researchers interested in plant lipids and will provide a venue for the presentation of the latest research results, networking opportunities for young scientists, and a forum for the development and exchange of useful lipid resources and new ideas. By bringing together senior- and junior-level scientists involved in plant lipid metabolism, a broad range of insights will be shared andmore » the community of plant lipid researchers will function more as a network of vested partners. This is important for the vitality of the research community and for the perceived value that will encourage conference attendance into the future.« less


Some studies suggest that loyalty is influenced by perceived value and customer relations, but in the B2B business of product testing services, there is a referral WOM factor that has not been studied empirically. The purpose of this study is to find out how much influence of perceived value and relationship marketing to loyalty and referral word of mouth (WOM) as well as to examine how far referral WOM mediate this effect. The research data used questionnaires from 185 active customers for last six month. The analytical method used is structural equation modeling (SEM) with Lisrel 8.8 as a tool and combined with SPSS 23 to analyze inter-dimensional correlations. The results showed that perceived value and relationship marketing each positively and significantly influence on customer loyalty and referral WOM. Referral WOM mediation function proved to have a positive and significant effect on loyalty. It shows if the company wants to maintain loyalty must pay attention to perceived value received by customers and continue to improve relationship marketing to generate a positive and intensive referral WOM especially for commitment and applied pricing and payment scheme.


Identification of HLA class I ligands from the tumour surface (ligandome or immunopeptidome) is essential for designing T-cell mediated cancer therapeutic approaches. However, the sensitivity of the process for isolating MHC-I restricted tumor-specific peptides has been the major limiting factor for reliable tumor antigen characterization, making clear the need for technical improvement.
Here, we describe our work from the fabrication and development of a novel microfluidic-based chip (PeptiCHIP) and to its use to identify and characterize tumor-speficic ligands on clinically relevant human organoids. Specifically, we assessed the potential of immobilizing a pan-HLA antibody on solid surfaces via well-characterized streptavidin-biotin chemistry, overcoming the limitations of the cross-linking chemistry used to prepare the affinity matrix with the desired antibodies in the immunopeptidomics workflow. Furthermore, to address the restrictions related to the handling and the limited availability of tumour samples, we further developed the concept towards the implementation of a microfluidic through-flow system.
Thus, the biotinylated pan-HLA antibody was immobilized on streptavidin-functionalized surfaces, and immune-affinity purification (IP) was carried out on customized microfluidic pillar arrays made of thiol-ene polymer. Compared to the standard methods reported in the field, our methodology drastically reduces the handling, the amount of antibody and the time required for peptide isolation.
In this work, we carefully examined the specificity and robustness of our customized technology for immunopeptidomics workflows. We tested this novel platform by immunopurifying HLA-I complexes from as few as 106 cells both in a widely studied B-cell line and in patients-derived ex vivo cell cultures. After the final elution in mild acid, HLA-I-presented peptides were identified by tandem mass spectrometry and further investigated by in vitro methods. These results highlight the potential to exploit microfluidics-based strategies in immunopeptidomics platforms and in personalized immunopeptidome analysis from cells isolated from individual tumour biopsies to design tailored cancer therapeutic vaccines.


We present a telecommunication-compatible bias-free photoconductive terahertz emitter composed of a bilayer InAs structure directly grown on a high-resistivity silicon substrate. The bilayer InAs structure includes p+-doped and undoped InAs layers, inducing a strong built-in electric field that enables terahertz generation without requiring any external bias voltage. A large-area plasmonic nanoantenna array is used to enhance and confine optical generation inside the photoconductive region with the highest built-in electric field, leading to the generation of a strong ultrafast photocurrent and broadband terahertz radiation. Thanks to a higher terahertz transmission through the silicon substrate and a shorter carrier lifetime in the InAs layers grown on silicon, higher signal-to-noise ratios are achieved at high terahertz frequencies compared with previously demonstrated bias-free terahertz emitters realized on GaAs. In addition to compatibility with silicon integrated optoelectronic platforms, the presented bias-free photoconductive emitter provides more than a 6 THz radiation bandwidth with more than 100 dB dynamic range when used in a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system.


An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) powder spectrum investigation of rare earth trace impurities in the Gd(HBPz3)2 tropolonate complex (GdTrp) was carried out at 95, 190, and 285 GHz. Ce3+ ion impurities were identified by EPR transitions between levels of the two lowest-lying doublets of the ground J = 5/2 manifold. An important frequency and magnetic-field dependence of the g-factor was observed. The system was successfully described by a Hamiltonian appropriate for tetragonal symmetry without orthorhombic distortion. Compared to conventional microwave EPR spectroscopy, at high fields these effective g-values depend not only on the polar angle between the magnetic field B and the tetragonal axis, but also on the azimuthal angle φ between B and the binary axes of the molecular complex. These dependences include additional terms proportional to (B)2m(cos4φ)n, where m≥n are natural numbers. They show that in the present experiment, the Zeeman interaction is comparable with the zero-field splitting of the ground manifold. It is found that the second, and the third doublet are located at 13.98 ± 0.25 cm−1 and 9.32 ± 0.15 cm−1 above the first one, respectively.


C. Cornoldi, The Contribution of Cognitive Psychology to the Study of Human Intelligence. O. Wilhelm, K. Oberauer, Why are Reasoning Ability and Working Memory Capacity Related to Mental Speed? An Investigation of Stimulus-response Compatibility in Choice-reaction-time Tasks. E. Borella, B. Carretti, I.C. Mammarella, Do Working Memory and Susceptibility to Interference Predict Individual Differences in Fluid Intelligence? M. Marschark, Intellectual Functioning of Deaf Adults and Children: Answers and Questions. E.M. Elliott, K.M. Barrilleaux, N. Cowan, Individual Differences in the Ability to Avoid Distracting Sounds. A. de Ribaupierre, T. Lecerf, Relationships between Working Memory and Intelligence from a Developmental Perspective: Convergent Evidence froma Neo-Piagetian and Psychometric Approach. S. Holmgren, B. Molander, L-G. Nilsson, Intelligence and Executive Functioning in Adult Age: Effects of Sibship Size and Birth Order.


The disparity between the demand for transplants and organ availability has been identified as a worldwide public health concern. In Canada, donation rates and access to transplantation differ between provinces, and deceased donation rates have remained stagnant and rank well below other countries


A thermodynamic analogy in economics is older than the idea of von Neumann to look for market entropy in liquidity, advice that was not taken in any thermodynamic analogy presented so far in the literature. In this paper, we go further and use a standard approach in market fluctuation and develop a set of equations which are a simple model for market fluctuation in a hypothetical financial market.In the past decade or so, physicists have begun to do academic research in economics. Perhaps people are now actively involved in an emerging field often called Econophysics. The scope of this paper is to present a phenomenological analysis for Market Fluctuations through Thermodynamics approach The main ambition of this study is fourfold: 1) First we begin our description with how market parameters vary with time by using of simplest example. 2) To extend that the market fluctuations appears with the enforced changes of macro parameters of the market and land speculations with non existence. 3) Next we derived the equation for how market fluctuates with respect to time in an equilibrium state. 4) Finally we analyze the how the fluctuations affects the perceptions of the market agents on the future. And this paper end with conclusion.


Many of the problems in hydrology must be approached first on a qualitative basis and the phenomena investigated with reference to general relations. A qualitative analysis may be made to determine the kind and nature of the various elementary factors which directly or indirectly enter into the problem, and to arrive at the general form of the relations. For example, the qualitative form of the hydrologic cycle of water may be observed and the fact that precipitation which reaches the surface of the Earth in the several forms of rain, snow, and dew thereafter follows various paths over and through the ground, and finally, with some losses due to evaporation and plant-growth, reaches the ocean and may then complete the cycle by again returning to the atmosphere. The laws governing the movement of water from the clouds to the sea must necessarily be studied qualitatively in order to ascertain all of the factors and the manner in which they are related, one to another. But with the fundamental principles correctly established, the problem takes a quantitative form, and the definite mathematical relations can only be determined by measurements. Although the phenomena of precipitation, runoff, and evaporation are intimately connected, and interdependent, one with another, their relationships for all areas can be expressed only in general terms. The forces of evaporation are in continual operation, whereas the precipitation is intermittent. The surface-runoff is affected by loss to ground-water and by return of ground-water to surface-water flow with many variations due to seasonal and climatic conditions, soils, vegetation, and morphologic features. In general it is true that surface-runoff equals precipitation minus losses, where plant-consumption, evaporation, and transferrence to ground-water are all included in the term "losses."


To maximize production from mature fields, it is essential to identify candidate's wells that are not producing up to their potential. Performing periodic interventions or workovers in wells is an established approach for arresting production decline and maximizing production from the fields. However, for mature fields with large well counts, the process of determining the best candidates for well interventions can be complicated and tedious. This can result in less-than-optimal outcomes. Advanced data analytics modeling offers quick and easy access to important information. The main objective of this study is to identify potential candidate wells for workover operation ahead of time so that we can fix them before they become problem. This was achieved via principal component analysis with the aid of XLSTAT in Excel. In this study, we developed a model based on PCA to quickly identify and rank the workover candidate's wells. The dataset used in this project comprises of 66 oil wells and were obtained from a field operating in the Niger Delta. The first step involved data gathering and validation and uploading into XLSTAT software. Data preprocessing procedures were conducted to condition the dataset so as to give optimum performance during model development. A model was built to identify potential wells for workover operation. The results obtained here showed that the wells are separated to areas designated as (A to E). Wells found in area A indicated that they are potential candidates for workover operation. Wells found in area B showed that they are not under immediate danger, but attention would be needed to monitor and prevent increasing water and gas rates in the future. Wells found in area C indicated that they required immediate attention to prevent further decline in oil production. Likewise, wells found in Area D indicated that they also required immediate attention to prevent further decline in oil production. Finally, Wells found in Area E showed that they have highest oil production, lowest water production and moderate gas production, indicating normal condition with no immediate workover operation required. With advanced data analytics modeling, reservoir engineers or geoscientists will now see a bigger picture either field by field or reservoir by reservoir and quicky identify potential candidate wells for workover operation ahead of time before they become a problem. Hence, the results of the analysis can help us to better target wells that are potential candidates for high water cut, high WOR, High gas rates and low oil rates.


Abstract We investigated growth and determinants of adult female body size in brown bears (Ursus arctos) in 2 study areas in Sweden. Scandinavian female brown bears reached 90% of their asymptotic size at 4.1–4.7 years. Four factors were considered in our analysis of the determinants of adult female size: annual food conditions, population density, multilocus heterozygosity, and yearling body size. Our results suggest that individual body size variation of female brown bears is negatively related to density-dependent factors and positively correlated to density-independent fluctuations in the environment. Density-dependent factors may operate by increasing competition for food, resulting in a decrease in body size. Food resources for brown bears in Sweden fluctuate annually in the boreal forest and influence individual body size. Multilocus heterozygosity and yearling body size were not important in explaining adult size, because initially smaller individuals show compensatory growth when experiencing good food conditions.


3006 Background: FORE8394 is an investigational inhibitor (i) of class 1 (V600) and 2 (activating non-V600) BRAF-altered tumors. FORE8394 did not have paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway in nonclinical studies. Methods: In a phase 1/2a study, patients (pts) aged ≥3 years with BRAF-altered, advanced solid or CNS tumors received FORE8394 (900-3600 mg/day or mg/m2 dosing) with or without a pharmacokinetic booster (cobicistat 150 mg/day). CNS metastases and prior treatment with other BRAFi were allowed. Besides standard safety assessments, skin and eye exams were required. Objective response was assessed by RECIST v1.1 or RANO criteria. Efficacy was evaluated in pts with class 1/2 BRAF alterations and ≥1 post-baseline assessment, with mg/m2 dosing (n=4) reported separately. Results: On 21Nov2022, 110 pts had received ≥1 dose of FORE8394. 85% completed ≥1 4-week cycle. 10 (9%) and 3 (3%) received FORE8394 ≥2 and ≥6 years, respectively; 14 (13%) are ongoing. Pts included 61 (55%) class 1 mutations, 19 (17%) class 2 mutations (excluding fusions), and 17 (15%) BRAF fusions. 64 pts (58%) had ≥2 prior lines of systemic therapy; 28 (25%) received prior MAPKi. Increased ALT (39%), increased AST (35%), fatigue (34%), nausea (27%), diarrhea (22%), and vomiting (20%) were the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); most were grade (G) 1/2. G3+ TEAEs were reported in 49% (54/110), the most common being increased ALT (9%), increased blood bilirubin (6%), and hyponatremia (5%). Transient G1 pyrexia was observed in 8 (7%) pts. All rashes were G1; none required a dose change. No TEAE of hyperkeratosis, papilloma, uveitis, retinal detachment, or LVEF reduction were reported. 1 pt discontinued due to FORE8394-related TEAE. Antitumor activity was observed in pts with MAPKi-naïve, V600 mutant tumors (excluding colorectal cancer [CRC]), 39% (9/23) having a PR (median duration of response [DoR]: 32 months). In 17 pts with V600 mutated tumors (excluding CRC) treated with prior MAPKi, 3 (18%) had PR and 5 (29%) had SD. In V600 mutated tumors, PRs occurred in 6 (55%) gliomas, 3 (100%) ovarian cancers, and 1 each in CRC (7%), small bowel (50%), papillary thyroid (13%) and anaplastic thyroid (25%) cancers. Of pts with BRAF-fusions, a pt with AGK-BRAF-fused melanoma had CR (DoR 51.8+ months); 46% (6/13) had SD. Of note, 1 child with V600E mutated Langerhans cell histiocytosis had SD with improvement in neurodegenerative changes and a progression-free survival of 55.8+ months. Conclusions: As single agent anticancer therapy, FORE8394 had antitumor activity in various tumors with BRAF alterations, including pts previously treated with MAPKi and pts with BRAF fusions. Durable tolerability was observed, and TEAEs indicative of paradoxical MAPK activation were not observed, consistent with the novel mechanism of action of FORE8394. These results support further evaluation of FORE8394. Clinical trial information: NCT02428712 .


Combining solarization, using a plastic cover, with hot water treatment raised the temperature of the soil at 10 and 20 cm depths to 60 and 56°C, respectively for one hour, compared with a maximum temperature of 46°C achieved with solarization alone. In samples taken 40 days after planting tomato, the numbers of Meloidogyne javanica juveniles had decresead by 96% in the solarization plus hot water treatment and by 62% in solarization alone.


is positive, together with an assumption on the rank of/, we show that one can choose μ(y f ) to be the same integer for all/ E U (Theorem 2.1).


Embedded technique is a trend of computer development.The paper first introduces the characteristics of embedded system,then describes how to divide an application into multi_tasks and how to use FSM in analyzing a task.An example is also given.


Managing corrosion integrity for tanks and associated pipelines is a challenging and costly endeavor. In order to inspect tank floors, the tank's hydrocarbons or chemicals are usually emptied from the tank causing the tank to be out-of-service for an extended period of time. In addition to the monetary costs there is also a significantly increased safety risk. The associated piping for transferring the hydrocarbons and chemicals in and out of the storage tanks are an additional integrity risk. The delivery lines are not designed for traditional in-line inspection (ILI) tools, often causing expensive modifications prior to ILI inspection. This paper explains how the attributes of "Unpiggable" tools are designed to overcome this challenge. This paper also explains the attributes of our robotic technology that allows for tank floors to be inspected while the tank is "in-service", thereby overcoming costly delays and increased safety risk. Finally, this paper highlights a case study associated with the inspection of a tank farm delivery line in 2017. The pipeline was located in a densely populated urban area. As a result, Phillips Petroleum Company had these pipelines on their priority list of pipelines to be inspected. The case study will highlight the associated equipment and technology attributes used to inspect the lines.


The effect of low dosage of 60Co-γ radiation on the adult emergence rates of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera and the pupation rates,pupal deformity rates,virus rates and adult monstrosity rates of their F1 to F6 offspring were investigated.The result showed that,irradiation treatment may decrease the pupation and adult emergence rate of H.armigera,and increase the malformation rate of pupae,larvae virus rate and adult deformity rate of this insect,and the effectiveness increasing with the addition of treatment dosage,whereas decreasing with extension of generations.Among the treatment of 20,30,50 Gy radiation,30 Gy radiation may increase the sensitivity of H.armigera to the virus,and caused higher larval mortality than the other two treatments,20 Gy radiation had the minimum influence on the cotton bollworm.


Network congestion in high-speed interconnects is a major source of application runtime performance variation. Recent years have witnessed a surge of interest from both academia and industry in the development of novel approaches for congestion control at the network level and in application placement, mapping, and scheduling at the system-level. However, these studies are based on proxy applications and benchmarks that are not representative of field-congestion characteristics of high-speed interconnects. To address this gap, we present (a) an end-to-end framework for monitoring and analysis to support long-term field-congestion characterization studies, and (b) an empirical study of network congestion in petascale systems across two different interconnect technologies: (i) Cray Gemini, which uses a 3-D torus topology, and (ii) Cray Aries, which uses the DragonFly topology.


Urban areas will be subjected to temperature increases from a combination of global-scale climate change and local-scale urban heat island drivers. The resultant combined heat risk – urban overheating – will notably challenge cities in securing the resilience of public health to combined urban overheating. Although global climate change research is ubiquitous, the urban climate and biometeorological research literature of this century reveals a lag of (sub-) tropical Asian regional studies behind Europe and North America. Through a systematic research review of international urban-scale climate and biometeorological literature from 2000-2019, we propose to reflect the state of the art of the urban overheating issue in Asia alongside its penetration in the regional climate resilience discourses.


Nakul Mallik was born in a low-wage family of the Namashudra caste living in a village, Gajendrapur. He is one of the pioneer Bangla Dalit activists/writers. His signal works include three biographies, a work of religious philosophy; several short story collections, a book of eight one-act plays and Manik Ratan, a story based on rural Bengal and the social situation at the time of Partition. Here Nakul Mallik is in conversation with Jaydeep Sarangi where he frankly narrates the growth and development of Bangla Dalit Movement. This interview took place at Tollygunj railway station, Kolkata where Jaydeep Sarangi and Nakul Mallik met for academic and organizational discussions.


Ours is a moment of great calamity and uncertainty but also one of unprecedented possibility. As I write this foreword, billions of gallons of oil continue to devastate the US Gulf Coast, the global economy continues to lurch from crisis to crisis, and state violence and terrorism continue to feed off one another to create seemingly unending conflict – and these are but a few of the challenges facing our world. If the world can be remade anew and equality, justice and dignity for all are not utopian ideals but attainable and indispensable human rights, the moment to act is now and the need for women's leadership is dire. However, many scholars and activists have come to believe that human rights are an inadequate framework to help us build alternative worlds or futures (Brown 2004). While I continue to believe that human rights remains an essential tool in identifying and implementing the ethical and moral framework by which all people may be afforded justice and self-determination, I also think it is time for the women's movement to reconsider and reimagine the potential efficacy of human rights as a change paradigm in these troubled times. The articulation of women's rights as human rights in the early 1990s was an exciting time for the global women's movement, and our use of this framework as a strategy to position ourselves in the global public policy arena began in earnest at the United Nations (UN) World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna in 1993 (Bunch and Reilly 1994). The human rights framework, which had global normative acceptance, a global infrastructure and accountability mechanisms associated with it, was a practical entry point from which to begin mainstreaming feminism and articulating a different paradigm – starting with the recognition of women's fundamental humanity. This strategy seemed all the more necessary because human rights at that time completely ignored the existence of women. From UN world conferences in Vienna to Cairo, from Copenhagen to Beijing, the international mechanisms that existed for those conferences gave women an opportunity and an infrastruc-


We first show the existence and uniqueness of (pseudo) almost periodic solutions of some types of parabolic equations. Then, we apply the results to a type of Cauchy parabolic inverse problems and show the existence, uniqueness, and stability.


The SMARTFIRE Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) fire field model has successfully reproduced the observed characteristics including measured temperatures, species concentrations and time to flashover for a post-crash fire experiment conducted by the FAA within their C-133 cabin test facility. In this test only one exit was open in order to provide ventilation for the developing cabin fire. In real post-crash fires, many exits are likely to be open as passangers attempt to evacuate. In this paper, the likely impacts on evacuation of a post-crash fire in which various exiting combinations are available are investigated. The fire scenario, investigated using the SMARTFIRE software, is based on the C-133 experiment but with a fully furnished cabin and with four different exit availability options. The fire data is imported into the airEXODUS evacuation simulation software and the resulting evacuations examined. The combined fire and evacuation analysis reveals that even though the aircraft configuration is predicted to comfortably satisfy the evacuation certification requirement, when fire is included, a number of casualties result, even from the certification compliant exit configuration.


This paper represents the data compression for ECG signals using the wavelet and adaptive fractal interpolation method. The method represents any range of ECG signal by fractal interpolation parameters after wavelet transform. The suggested algorithm was evaluate using MIT/BIH database. A high compression ratio (CR) is achieved with a relatively low percent rms difference (PRD).


Although the philosophy of pragmatism was born and developed in the United States of A- merica,the spirit of pragmatism had long before been deeply rooted in the mind of the American people.It had guided their thought and actions and put great influence on the American society.The New Deal,the most important reform in American history,clearly reflected the spirit of pragmatism.However,the combination of the New Deal with pragmatism was not at all a eoineidonee.It showed the dominant position of pragmatism in American society.


A checklist of criteria is presented to help establish the sources of ultra‐high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). These criteria are applied to long‐duration GRBs in order to determine if they are UHECR sources. The evidence seems to favor blazars and radio galaxies (or other sources) over GRBs.


surface fluxes for 2015. We used the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and a fourdimensional variational scheme. Our preliminary results suggest that Australia was a slight carbon sink during 2015 of -0.15 +0.11 PgC y -1 compared to the prior estimate of 0.13 +0.55 PgC y -1 . The monthly seasonal cycle shows there was not a good agreement between the prior and posterior fluxes in 2015. Our monthly posterior estimates suggest that from May to August, Australia was a sink of CO 2 and that from October to December, it was a source of CO 2 compared to the prior estimates, which showed an opposite sign. To understand these results more deeply, we aggregated the CO 2 surface fluxes into six categories using Land Cover Type Product the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and divided them into two areas (north and south). Our posterior fluxes aggregated in the southern and northern Australia indicates that most of the uptake of CO 2 is driven by grasses and cereal crops. Grasses and cereal crops in these two regions represent -0.11 +0.027 and -0.06 +0.05 PgC/y respectively. In the southern region, the monthly time series of this category shows that this uptake occurs mainly from June to September, whereas in the north, it occurs from January to March. We evaluate our posterior CO 2


Anthracnose of chilli (Capsicum spp.) due to causes Colletotrichum capsici major losses throughout India, where chilli plants are grown. Therefore, the present experiment was carried out to understand the behaviour and biology of the pathogen so as to incorporate proper management strategies to reduce the economic loss and get maximum yield. A total of twenty one Colletotrichum capsici isolates, associated with necrotic lesions of chilli leaves and fruit were collected from chilli producing areas in Eastern U.P. Isolated pathogen of Colletotrichum spp. was readily identified by its falcate shaped conidia and abundant setae in the necrotic lesions. Pathogenic behaviour of 21 isolates derived from chilli fruit was established following Koch's Postulates. Variability in cultural, morphological and pathogenic characteristics was observed in all the isolates of Colletotrichum capsici derived from both ripe and unripe chilli fruits.


Measuring intracellular temperature is critical to understand many cellular functions because it influences biochemical reactions, but still remains a challenge. Accurate and noninvasive monitoring of subcellular temperature changes in individual cells might help to clarify intricate cellular processes and led to development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. Most of the thermometric systems proposed for intracellular thermometry are noncontact luminescent nanothermometer (LNT) that use for detection optical properties such as emission intensity, band shape, bandwidth, lifetime or polarization anisotropy, which are capable of acquiring local temperatures with spatial and temporal resolution at the nanoscale. Magnetic induction heating of nanoparticles can be a powerful non-invasive technique for hyperthermia therapy of cancer and other diseases. The efficiency of such local heating systems requires of an adequate monitoring of the nanoheaters (MNHs) local temperature.[1] Single nanoparticles integrating both functions, magnetic heating and luminescent thermometry (MNT-LT), should therefore be the best option. LNT for intracellular mapping must operate at the physiological temperature range and show an outstanding performance in terms of temperature sensitivity uncertainty readout reproducibility and time and spatial resolution. However, other aspects as colloidal stability cell, toxicity, internalization capacity, functionalization with biomolecules or different vectors that can direct the LNT probes to specific organelles are also of great importance. Nevertheless, the main and most difficult requirement that LNT has to meet with is the stability in the cell culture medium and the intracellular environment. The intracellular environment is a complicated media with different local chemical compositions, wide range of pH, ionic strength and viscosity to which the thermometric response must be insensitive.


One-thousand current malpractice cases covering the entire field of medicine were critically reviewed to determine the presence and type, if any, of medical and surgical problems which may add to the burdens of a successful defense. This retrospective analysis parallels courtroom evaluation, since both are colored by the prejudice of hindsight. Therefore, for the benefit of doctor and patient, it is hoped that the conclusions presented will engender increased foresight and awareness of potential pitfalls in practice. Of particular interest is the observation concerning complications of therapy: The fact that such complications occurred was often of less importance than their identification and treatment by the attending physicians.


Composition comprising baclofen and acamprosate, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for use in treating Alzheimer's disease or a selected related disease senile dementia EA type (SDAT, by its English name), dementia with Lewy bodies, mild cognitive impairment (MCI by name) and memory impairment associated with age (AAMI, by its English name).


By controlling the annealing temperature, single phase Fe2CrAl alloys with A2 (1573 K), B2 (873 K), and L21-type structures (673 K) can be obtained.


In this paper, we show via transient thermal analysis that the use of ultra-high-frequency high-power fiber lasers as implemented in the spot-beam annealing method makes it possible to (1) flexibly induce and mimic the overall annealing conditions that were accomplished previously using various other types of lasers, and (2) engineer and leverage the periodic and highly transient thermal spikes that arise due to the individual laser pulses. We point out and discuss how such annealing characteristics may be well-suited for optimally inducing structural/topological relaxation and compositional short-range ordering of amorphous thin films, as for instance are presumably involved in annealing of amorphous IGZO films on high-temperature-processing-intolerant glass/plastic substrates for fabricating stable oxide TFTs for AMOLED displays.


Introduction: The success of a manned lunar outpost may require that indigenous resources be utilized in order to reduce the requirements for the periodic resupply from Earth for the human inhabitants. Some indigenous lunar resources do exist. For instance, studies of the lunar regoliths, acquired by the Apollo and Luna missions from several maria, indicate that upon heating in a vacuum, these soils evolve the volatile gases: helium (He), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen (N2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The He, H, C and N were originally implanted by the solar wind [1]. These gases would be valuable to supply life-support systems. For instance, the H2 could be used as a rocket fuel, or alternatively, reacted with the mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), indigenous to the lunar soil, yielding water (H2O). In an enclosed structure irradiated by solar energy, the H2O, N2 and CO2 could be utilized to grow edible plants for the lunar inhabitants. Alternatively, the H2O could be electrolyzed, using photovoltaic cells, yielding breathable oxygen. The inert gas, He, would be useful to fill inflatable structures. In addition, the lunar He contains a high abundance of the rare isotope He, which has been identified as a potentially valuable fuel for nuclear fusionspace power systems. In order to determine the economic potential of these lunar volatiles, we need information to assess the in situ quantities of these gases and identify the most abundant sites. In order to acquire such information, a large number of soil samples must be acquired and analyzed because it is not known if these volatile gases in the soil vary widely over the distance of a few meters or several kilometers. In addition, all of the lunar soil samples were analyzed on Earth, after being contaminated by terrestrial air and water. For these reasons, therefore, a mobile, robotic vehicle has been proposed which would be landed on a lunar maria and assay the volatiles evolved by heating the indigenous lunar regolith. A lunar rover platform with the sample equipment attached has been designed. This science platform was conceptionally designed to fit on a small Marsokhod Rover (75 kg) with a 100-km range. Sample Collection and Analysis: The proposed sampling protocol would be to collect two samples, nearly adjacent. If the results agreed within the experimental deviation, the rover would proceed 0.5 km along the planned route and select two new samples. The progress of the rover and the results of the analyses would be continuously monitored from Earth so that the sampling protocol could be revised as needed. The scientific equipment would accomplish the assay of the regolith samples in the following sequence:


With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years, fault diagnostics for industrial applications have leaped toward partially or fully automatic provided by the capability of analyzing massive condition monitoring data from sensors and actuators. Generally, AI-based fault diagnostics can achieve high accuracy when failure types appear in training dataset and testing dataset are the same. These diagnostic methods could be invalidated for applications dealing with unprecedented faults because the pretrained classifier for diagnostics tends to misclassify the novel instances into existing known classes. In order to address these limitations of conventional diagnostic approaches, we propose a unified diagnostics framework that can achieve novel fault detection and known fault classification tasks together. Through jointly training a variational autoencoder and a deep neural networks classifier, we convert the original entangled raw data into latent variables with Gaussian probabilistic distributions in the latent space and utilize the probabilistic latent variables to detect novel samples against known fault classes or classify them into one of the existing fault classes if they are not novel. The effectiveness of our proposed joint-training framework is validated through experimental studies on two different bearing datasets. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods in the literature, our unified framework is able to not only accurately detect the novel fault classes but also achieve high classification accuracy of known fault classes.


The objective of this paper is to plan a management model for operations of a small commercial company, where difficulties have been detected in inventory and sales control. In this scenario, by using tools from the Project Management Institute - PMI, we have identified the most suitable way to diagnose and propose an effective solution to the problems of the company. Environment, strategy and operations of the marketer are analyzed, and then it proposes a management model of the aforementioned operations, considering the benefits in terms of efficiency and control that will be obtained with its implementation.


ObjectivesTo understand the distribution and results of drug sensitivity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanni isolated from intensive care unit (ICU) patients and provide guidance for rational clinical application of antibiotics.Drug sensitivity monitoring towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanni collected consecutively from patients in ICU for 1 month per year during 2000 to 2003 was performed by E-test methods. WHONET 5.1 was used simultaneously to analyze the results of drug sensitivity tests.Eighty-four strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples displayed different degree of drug resistance to various antibiotics, its rates of sensitivity towards imipenem,ceftazidime and cefoperazone/sulbactam were 83.3%、83.3% and 82.1%,respectively ; whereas those towards cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were only 28.6% and 40.5% ,respectively. Seventy-five strains of Acinetobacter baumanni isolated from clinical samples showed highest sensitivity rate to imipenem (88%), those towards other drugs were all about 65% or less ,their rates of sensitivity towards ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were only 26.7% and 34.7%, respectively.[Conclusions]Antibacterial drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanni in ICU is still a serious clinical problem, surveillance of drug resistance in ICU should be strengthened. Administration of antibiotics must be based on results of drug sensitivity test to prevent the hospitals from severe prevalence of infection.


ly within a week. Mr. B. had a significant history of similar symptoms on alcohol withdrawal 2 years before and had shown a similar response to lorazepam. The patient fulfilled the criteria for catatonia as per DSM-IV-TR, within the period of withdrawal from alcohol, in the absence of delirium. There was no psychosocial stress beyond the normal range for the patient. Neurological and systemic causes for catatonia were ruled out in the patient through biochemical blood investigations (electrolytes, renal and liver function tests and blood sugar), CSF examination and computed tomography brain imaging. In the context of alcohol, catatonia has been reported in delirium [5] , in benzodiazepine withdrawal [6] and in alcohol withdrawal [3] . Changes in GABA transmission have been postulated as mechanisms in catatonia [1] , alcohol withdrawal [7] and benzodiazepine action. Motor symptoms in catatonia have been explained to be the result of alteration in a 'top-down modulation' of caudate and other basal ganglia by GABAergic mediCatatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by alterations in motor behavior, thought and vigilance [1, 2] . Catatonia in alcohol withdrawal is extremely rare. There is only 1 case report in humans [3] and another in animals [4] . We present a case where catatonia was the presenting feature of alcohol withdrawal. Mr. B., a 30-year-old male, presented with a 15-year history of alcohol dependence (DSM-IV-TR) in March 2008. After 2 days of abrupt cessation of alcohol use, he developed symptoms of decreased sleep and psychomotor agitation lasting for 1 day, followed by stupor, mutism, negativism, rigidity, posturing, echopraxia and autonomic disturbances. The patient's mood appeared to be predominantly anxious and he was agitated. His Bush Francis catatonia rating scale score was 18. He was immediately started on a trial of intravenous lorazepam t.i.d. The response to lorazepam was dramatic and the patient was completely symptom free within 1 day. He was detoxified with lorazepam and his withdrawal symptoms subsided completeReceived: March 29, 2010 Accepted after revision: July 29, 2010 Published online: January 12, 2011


The high-field magnetization process in the hydrogen-charged R2Fe17H3 (R=Tb , Dy, Ho and Er) single crystals is studied along principal crystallographic directions at T=4.2 K and compared with that of the known parent R2Fe17 compounds. Substantial changes of the magnetic anisotropy behavior induced by hydrogenation are found. Depending on the rare earth atom, the R2Fe17H3 compounds possess the "easy-axes", "easy-cone" and "easy-plane" types of magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA), whereas the precursors R2Fe17 have the easy-plane type of MCA only. The various observed types of the field-induced phase transitions in R2Fe17H3 are discussed and information on the effect of hydrogen on the strength of R-Fe coupling is obtained.


In this paper, we generalize the standard blockwise linear predictive (LP) coding by introducing low-pass filtering and downsampling of the LPC vectors at the encoder side, accompanied by interpolation at the decoder. Several concepts in LP coding, such as overlapping frames, interpolation and long analysis frames, can be described in the proposed framework. We also note that the proposed methods are in agreement with previous work on spectral dynamics, which indicates that spectral dynamics is (at least) as important as spectral distortion for speech quality. We have applied the proposed method to low-rate quantization of spectrum parameters. Objective and subjective performance of the new approach is compared to a standard blockwise LP coding, at various rates. We show that both the subjective and objective quality of the new method compare favorably with standard methods. Even at as low rate as 500 bit/s, the proposed method has a good quality.


s e123 8A.09 HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIES AND URGENCIES IN AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. ASSOCIATION WITH SUBSEQUENT CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS DURING 2 YEARS FOLLOW-UP M.Salvetti, A. Paini, L. Torazzi, S. Cobelli, C. Agabiti Rosei, C. Aggiusti, A. Bazza, D. Zotti, F. Bertacchini, D. Stassaldi, C. Concoreggi, E. Agabiti Rosei, M.L. Muiesan. Internal Medicine, University of Brescia, BresciaItaly, Emergency Department, Spedali Civili, Brescia-Italy Background: At present, few data are available on the prognosistic significance of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies admitted to Emergency Departments (ED). The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of total and cardiovascular events (CV) during follow-up in hypertensive patients admitted to an ED of the Brescia Hospital (Northern Italy) with hypertensive emergencies (HE) or urgencies (HU). Methods: Between January and December 2008, medical records of patients aged > 18 yrs, admitted to the ED of the Spedali Civili di Brescia with blood pressure values ≥180 mmHg (SBP) and/or ≥120 mmHg (DBP) were collected and analysed (328 pts were classified as "hypertensive emergency", 890 pts as "hypertensive urgency", 380 pts as "pseudo hypertensive urgency" and 38 pts with "hypertensive urgency and a first diagnosis of hypertension"). Data on 947 patients were analysed; the mean duration of follow-up after admission to the ED was 2 years. Results: A first fatal or non fatal CV event occurred in 226 patients (62 cardiovascular events, 45 cerebrovascular events, 42 hospital admissions for heart failure, 46 cases of new onset renal failure and 31 cases of new-onset diabetes). Patients with CV events were older, more frequently males, with a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and previous CV disease, and a greater proportion of inadequate BP control. During the follow-up a new episode of "hypertensive crisis" was recorded in 203 pts (24%). The incidence of hypertensive crises was significantly higher in patients with hypertensive emergency in comparison with hypertensive urgency (p = 0.03). The incidence of fatal and non fatal events was 14.8, 5.1, 5.3, 2.5 per 100 patient-years in patients with hypertensive emergency, urgency, pseudo-urgency and first diagnosis of hypertension, respectively (p < 0.001 emergency vs others, by the log-rank test). Similar results were obtained when we considered separately the occurrence of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular or renal events. Conclusions: Admission to the ED for hypertensive emergencies identifies hypertensive patients at increased risk for fatal and non fatal cardiovascular events. Our results underline the need for a strict and accurate follow-up in patients with hypertensive crises. in our patients cortisol levels appeared unexpectedly to be negatively related to stress profiles, suggesting a possible primary defect in coping with emotional stress and anxiety in arterial hypertension. 8A.08 PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS ADMITTED TO AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT FOR HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCIES AND URGENCIES A. Paini, M. Salvetti, S. Cobelli, L. Torazzi, C. Agabiti Rosei, C. Aggiusti, D. Zotti, A. Bazza, F. Bertacchini, F. Beschi, D. Stassaldi, C. Concoreggi, E. Agabiti Rosei, M.L. Muiesan. Internal Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia-Italy, Emergency Department, Spedali Civili, Brescia-Italy Background: Few data are available on the prevalence of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies and on clinical characteristics of patients admitted to Emergency Departments (ED). Aim of our study was to provide data on the prevalence of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies in an ED in Northern Italy, over a period of 12 months. Methods: Between January and December 2008, medical records of patients aged > 18 yrs, admitted to the ED of the Spedali Civili di Brescia with blood pressure values ≥180 mmHg (SBP) and/or ≥120 mmHg (DBP) were collected and analysed. Results: Out of 77.154 patients admitted to the ED, BP was found ≥180 mmHg (SAP) and/or ≥120 mmHg (DAP) in 2.2%. Medical records were obtained and analysed in 95% of these patients (1636 pts, 44% males, mean age 70 ± 14 yrs, range 18-102). According to the clinical presentation and the presence of acute organ damage 328 pts (20%) were classified as "hypertensive emergency" (HE, BP 193 ± 15/102 ± 15 mmHg) and 1308 pts (80%) as "hypertensive urgency" (HU). Among urgencies we identify 3 subgroups: 890 pts with "hypertensive urgency" (PA 194 ± 15/99 ± 15 mmHg), 380 with "pseudo-hypertensive urgency" (BP 188 ± 11/94 ± 12 mmHg), 38 with "hypertensive urgency and a first diagnosis of hypertension" (BP 193 ± 18/103 ± 14 mmHg). The most frequent symptoms or signs were: chest pain (20%), dyspnoea (18%), neurological changes (17%), headache (11%), arrhythmias (6%), changes in mental status (3%). Among hypertensive emergencies the different forms of organ damage were distributed as follows: 25% acute coronary syndromes, 25% acute pulmonary oedema, 10% atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, 1% aortic dissection, 32% ischemic stroke, 7% hemorrhagic stroke. Patients with HE were more frequently male and patients with "hypertensive urgency and a first diagnosis of hypertension" were younger as compared with all other groups. Conclusions: Admission to the ED for hypertensive emergencies and urgencies is still high. Our results underline the need for a correct diagnosis and classification of these clinical conditions.


Incorporation of Binder to Pd Supported on Sulfated Zirconia Sreshtha S. Majumdar, Anne-Marie Alexander, Gokhan Celik, Umit S. Ozkan The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A. *firstname.lastname@example.com Introduction With the environmental regulations being more rigorously enforced, it is necessary to develop an efficient aftertreatment system for natural gas-fired lean-burn engines to control the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), unburned hydrocarbons (CHx) and carbon monoxide. We have developed a dual-catalyst aftertreatment system which is a physical mixture of a reduction catalyst (palladium supported on sulfated zirconiaPd/SZ) and an oxidation catalyst (cobalt supported on ceriaCo/CeO2) [1]. This dual-catalyst system utilizes the hydrocarbons, primarily methane, present in the exhaust stream of lean-burn engines for reducing NOx. Timeon-stream activity tests have demonstrated good hydrothermal stability of this system [2]. For practical use of this dual-catalyst aftertreatment system, development of a catalytically active washcoat for cordierite monolith cores is essential. As a first step towards developing an active washcoat, commonly used binders such as alumina, boehmite and silica, were incorporated into the reduction catalyst. The performance of the modified dual-catalyst bed was tested in terms of its catalytic activity for NOx reduction. Characterization techniques such as N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and investigation of acid sites with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) were used to study the effect of addition of binder to Pd/SZ.


THIS HAS AN ENVELOPE EXCHANGER SECTION RIGHT CIRCULAR OR RECTANGULAR, FOR EXAMPLE, IS CROSSING BY A FIRST FLUID AIR FOR EXAMPLE, AND BEAM TUBE HAS RIGHT ANGLES TO THE DIRECTORATE GENERAL FLOW FIRST FLUID IN THIS ENVELOPE . BEAM TUBE IS COVERED BY A SECOND FLUID, STEAM FOR EXAMPLE, AND INCLUDES FIN 60 ARRANGED PARALLEL TO THE DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FLUID FLOW FIRST AROUND THE TUBES, FOR WHICH THE FIN 60 have recesses 82. THE BLADE ARE FORMED PLATES, ALUMINUM FOR EXAMPLE, WHICH ARE ELEMENTS 86 DISRUPTORS FLOW OR GENERATORS WHIRLPOOL FORMS BY STAMPING STAMPING OR FOR EXAMPLE. THE VORTEX CREATED BY THE ELEMENTS 86 INCREASE SUBSTANTIALLY THE HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN TWO FLUIDS.


An important link exists between the selected molecular structure of a sensitizer and the employed shuttle electrolyte to achieve high conversion efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). So far, the most commonly used redox mediator is iodide/triiodide (I−/I3−), which has shown advantages such as desirable kinetic properties and high carrier collection efficiencies. However, it has several disadvantages including a low redox potential, corrosion toward metal materials and competitive blue light absorption. In this respect, the transition metal complex electrolytes represent valuable alternatives to replace traditional I−/I3− couples, and can overcome the drawbacks of the I−/I3− electrolyte. In recent years, the best efficiency of a DSSC was achieved with a porphyrin-sensitized solar cell with a transition metal complex-based redox electrolyte. In particular, in 2014, the Gratzel group published a record DSSC efficiency of 13% using a new porphyrin sensitizer with a Co-polypyridyl-based electrolyte. Here, we describe the engineering of the structure of a new transition metal complex electrolyte and the design of the molecular structure of a sensitizer at the same time. The main focus will be on the correlation between photophysical and electrochemical properties of the metal complex mediators and their DSSC performances. This review provides an in-depth investigation into exciting alternative electrolyte shuttles in DSSCs and the various advantages that they provide, including high conversion efficiency and non-corrosive properties.


Viscoelastic-surfactant (VES) acid is widely used in heterogeneous carbonate reservoir as an important acid system for uniform acidizing. Temperature is a significant parameter that affects the rheological properties and reaction rate of VES acid. However, existing rheological models of VES acids do not consider the effect of temperature, and the diverting performance of VES acid at different reservoir conditions and injection technology is still unclear. Here, the relationship between the rheology of spent VES acid and temperature was studied, and the rheological model of VES acid was optimized. A coupled model of temperature field and two-scale continuum acidizing model was established. Based on this model, the effects of temperature, injection velocity and permeability contrast on the diverting performance were investigated. In addition, a support vector machine (SVM) model was introduced to train and predict the diverting results. The results showed that the viscosity of spent VES acid increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature. With the temperature increasing to 313 K, the viscosity of spent acid reached the maximum of 453.1 mPa·s. The higher the temperature, the worse the diverting performance of VES acid. When the temperature was higher than 343 K, the distance of wormhole propagation was significantly reduced. When the temperature is high, the diverting performance of VES acid can be improved by appropriately increasing the injection velocity. However, when the injection velocity is higher than 0.005 m/s, the uniform dissolution due to the excessive injection velocity will reduce the acidizing efficiency. The higher the permeability contrast, the worse the diverting performance. The maximum diverting permeability contrast of VES is not a constant. The maximum diverting permeability contrast of VES acid at a temperature of 323 K and 343 K is about 10 and 8, respectively. The SVM model has high accuracy for diverting performance prediction of diverting acid, with an overall average correct prediction rate of 87.5% for 200 repetitions of training and prediction. This work quantifies the effects of temperature, injection velocity, and permeability contrast on diverting performance, and proposes a diverting performance prediction model for diverting acid system.


The investigation of wastes, pollutants, contaminated soil, etc. in preparation of their thermal disposal or decontamination is related to several problems. Due to the heterogeneity of the sample materials, thermoanalytieal measurements, using standard sample amounts of about 2050 mg do not lead to reliable results. For this reason, a new thermoanalytical device for about 100 g sample amount was developed. The "Macro STA 419", was constructed and built for simultaneous TG- and DTA-investigations with direct coupled measuring techniques for gas analysis (MS/GC-MS). The new developed device is introduced, some problems and their solutions are discussed and the function of the device is shown.


From the various reception modalities in the treatment centers for adolescents("Maisons des Adolescents") the authors propose a definition of a reception position as part of the ethics of a clinical approach. They emphasize how the request for treatment from the "Maisons des Adolescents " has to be heard. It seems essential to differentiate between the application made by the youth himself and the request made by the family and social circle. They also stress taking the situation at face value in order to interpret the contents of the application, both manifest and latent. This position is expected to make a symbolic break and relocate references regarding the difference between the sexes and the generations. Emphasis is placed on the notion of reference, which, coupled with a position of auxiliary ego, is likely to reintroduce a third party. This reception position cannot be conceived without job training of the multidisciplinary teams who should establish a clinic where the unknown, to which everyone is subject, can be shared.


Guilan is a north province of Iran in which plays an important role in rice production. Since 78.8% of Giulan farmlands are under cultivation of rice, it is the second province ranking as rice producer in Iran. On the other hand, because of dam construction and neighborhood to the Caspian Sea, the volume of fresh water is declining, and is transformed to saline water. In this study, AquaCrop model version 4.0 with additional salinity module was used for calibration and validation in two successive years at Rasht rice Research Institute that is located nearby Rasht city. Five irrigation levels: full irrigation, alternate wetting and drying (AWD), irrigation at 100, 90 and 80% of field capacity (FC) and Four water salinity treatments: fresh water = S0 (EC = 1 dS m -1 ) while S1, S2, and S3 are saline water with 2, 4, and 6 dS m -1 , respectively, were applied for evaluation of rice yield. Statistical analysis, including root mean square error normalized, coefficient of determination (R 2 ), and paired t-tests showed that simulated and observed values are the same at 95% confidence level. Moreover, the FAO AquaCrop model predicted rice yield with more accuracy in less salinity values (EC = 2 dS m -1 and less). Overall, AquaCrop model represented   acceptability in simulation of rice yield under simultaneously water and salinity stress.


we expound the theory on the spatial structure of tourist market synthetically and point out the important significances of studying it in this paper The characteristic of the tourist spatial distribution was studied by analyzing a large number of data, based on which, fined the tourist objective market and put forward how to exploit tourist market of Wuwei This study may provide the basic information and foundation for development of tourism of wuwei Based on tourist market research and data analysis,the paper analyses the spatial distribution and orientation of the tourist market of wuwei, which provides the basis for developing the tourism of Wuwei


Typically, most conventional marine 3D seismic surveys are acquired with infill to ensure adequate subsurface seismic reflection coverage in areas where seismic surveys may have been affected by adverse currents, sub-optimal streamer feather angle matching or source/streamer separations. For a typical 3D seismic survey, infill shooting may be as much as 25% or more of the total cost of prime seismic acquisition. By combining the use of an alternative method for assessing coverage with the use of the lateral control steerable streamer systems, it is possible to reduce infill to at least single digit figures for some surveys where considerably more infill was anticipated.