This experimental study of analgesic nephropathy was conducted on rabbit divided into four equal groups (A,B,C,D). Group A served as control. The drugs acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) 600 mg/Kg/day and Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) 300 mg/Kg/day alone as well as combination of Acetylsalicylic acid (300 mg/Kg/day) and Paracetamol (150 mg/Kg/day) were administered orally to groups B,C and D respectively for 4 weeks. After four weeks, the animals were sacrificed. Histopathological evaluation of renal tissue of each animal revealed that control group "A" animals did not show any abnormality. The acetylsalicylic acid treated group "B" showed acute pyelonephritis (71%), mild pyelitis (14%) and congestion of renal pelvis (14%). The group "C" receiving paracetamol revealed acute pyelonephritis (14%), acute pyelitis (43%), pelvic congestion (14%) and no change in 28% animals. The group "0" receiving combination of acetylsalicylic acid and Paracetamol showed interstitial nephritis (14%), acute pyelitis (14%), cloudy swelling (14%) and pelvic congestion in 43% animals. This study indicates that acetylsalicylic acid is more injurious to kidneys than paracetamol and these drugs do not have potentiating effect (JPMA 38:113 , 1988).


10527 Background: Although there are many reports on post-relapse survival for osteosarcoma,studies on validated clinical outcome measures (progression-free survival at 6 months [6-mo PFS], complete response [CR], partial response [ PR], stable disease [SD]) are lacking. We explored high dose ifosfamide (HDIFO) activity in patients (pts) with relapsed osteosarcoma. Methods: Pts progressing after standard treatment and with measurable disease were eligible. Treatment consisted of ifosfamide 3 gr/m2/day, day 1–5, continuous infusion, every 21 days, until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Overall response rate (ORR: CR + PR), SD, 6-mo PFS, and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Results: Fifty-one pts were enrolled. Median age was 19 (7-68): 21 pts pediatric, 30 pts adult. Female/Male: 18/33. Forty-eight pts were ECOG 0, 3 pts ECOG 1. Line of treatment: 46 pts were in 1stline; 5 pts in ≥ 2nd line. 32/51 had already been treated with lower doses of ifosfamide for the primary tumor. Pattern of metastases:...


Objective To explore the risk factors,clinical symptoms,diagnosis and treatment of aortic dissection.Methods The clinic data of 19 patients with aortic dissection were retrospectively analyzed.Results Most common initial symptom was severe pain(89.5%).12 patients were treated with medicine,2 patients died(1 from shock and 1 from sudden death).4 patients were treated with operation and were all cured.3 patients were treated with Endovascular stent-graft(ESG) and were all improved.The mortality was 10.5%.Conclusions Expedient confirmatory diagnosis and prompt therapy are crucial in achieving a successful outcome.


Introduction:
 Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have classic risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Studies have demonstrated that they have increased markers of cardiovascular disease, including endothelial dysfunction, coronary artery calcification, and increased arterial stiffness leading to myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, and rarely coronary artery dissection. We present a case of a young female with PCOS without any other major classic cardiovascular risk factors except hypertension who presented with chest pain, later found to have myocardial infarction due to dissection of the right coronary artery.

 Case:
 A 33year old female presented with lightheadedness and intermittent dull mid-sternal chest pain. It became progressively worse in 5-6 hours. Past medical history was relevant for hypertension, insulin resistance, PCOS, and overweight. She was noncompliant with her medications. Family history was significant for hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and negative for any connective tissue disorders. Electrocardiogram showed ST-T elevation in leads II, III, and aVF and depression in leads I and aVL. Troponin level was significantly high at 0.378 ng/ml. Dual antiplatelet therapy was initiated. The patient underwent an emergency cardiac catheterization that revealed focal 85% flow limiting dissection in the proximal right coronary artery with a long 35% lesion in the mid right coronary artery and 40% focal lesion in the right posterior descending artery. Percutaneous intervention with a drug-eluting stent was placed successfully. She was discharged later with dual antiplatelet therapy, beta-blocker, angiotensin receptor blocker, and statin.

 Conclusion:
 Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in young females is usually associated with hormonal therapy or in the postpartum state. However, our case report highlights that physicians should have a high index of suspicion for spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a young female with PCOS.


A greenhouse carbon dioxide concentration measurement and control system is designed based on fuzzy control with infrared carbon dioxide gas sensor, and the choice of the control structure parameters are given. According to the experience, the main points of the design of control rules are induced, and the carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy controller is constructed with relevant fuzzy logic. The modular structure is used for system hardware and software design, enhance the versatility and flexibility of the use of system. The application shows that the carbon dioxide measurement and control system achieved using fuzzy control is running stable, fast response, has broad application prospects.


Objective A pair of specific primers were designed according to the full-length gene sequence of goose parvovirus(GPV) B strain in GenBank,based on which VP3 gene was amplified by PCR,cloned,sequenced and analyzed for homology.Methods A pair of specific primers were designed according to the full-length gene sequence of GPV B strain in GenBank,based on which VP3 gene was amplified by PCR,cloned,sequenced and analyzed for homology.Results The cloned VP3 gene,at a length of 699 bp,encoded 233 amino acids.The homology of nucleotides of VP3 genes of seven isolated strains was 99.4% ~ 100%.However,the homologies of nucleotides of isolated strains were 98.7% ~ 99.3% to that of vaccine strain,97.6% ~ 97.7% to that of standard B strain,and 80.8% ~ 81.7% to that of MDPV.Various isolated strains showed close genetic relationship,of which QTH strain showed a homology of amino acids of 97.8% to vaccine strain.The homologies of amino acids of other isolated strains were 96.6% ~ 97.4% to that of vaccine strain,indicating a relatively distant genetic relationship.However,all the isolated strains and vaccine strain showed distant genetic relationships to standard B strain,and the most distant genetic relationships to MDPV.Conclusion A certain variation was observed in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of isolated and vaccine strains of GPV in Heilongjiang Province,China.


This work deals with the effects of the switching frequency of a periodic switching polymerization process (PSPP) with a Ti-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst on the microstructures of ethylene-propylene copolymers in polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-propylene) (PP/EPR) in-reactor alloys. The compositions and structures of PP/EPR in-reactor alloys are investigated by solvent fractionation, C-13 NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), successive self-nucleation and annealing (SSA) by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and statistical deconvolution. The sequence distributions of ethylene-propylene random copolymer (EPR) and ethylene-propylene segmented copolymer (EPS) are successfully deconvoluted from the C-13 NMR spectra of fractionated samples. The results are consistent with the expected effects of the switching frequency on the composition and microstructures of EPR and EPS. A higher switching frequency between the homopolymerization of propylene and the copolymerization of ethylene and propylene increases not only the ratio between the EPS and EPR but also the fractions of long PP segments and long PE segments in the EPS. The effect of the mean residence time on the composition and microstructure of PP/EPR in reactor alloys is also discussed.


Past research has shown that the trade-off of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from diesel engine fueled with dimethyl ether (DME) is improved by setting an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system to Low Pressure Loop. This paper further investigates low fuel consumption and emission of DME diesel engine, the influences of change of compression ratio, nozzle diameter and chamber shape on engine performance and emission characteristics. これまでの研究で,DME過給ディーゼルエンジンのEGRシステムをLow Pressure Loopにすることで,NOxとCO2のトレードオフが改善することを明らかにした.本稿では,燃費と排出ガスを更に低減する為の知見を得ることを目的として,圧縮比の変化,ノズルの小噴孔径化および燃焼室形状がエンジン性能に及ぼす影響を調べた.


The application of the genetic algorithm to staggered time-variant filter design for clutter rejection is presented in this paper. The genetic algorithm implements intellectualized searching and gradual optimization, so the optimal codes are obtained fast and effectually from large amounts of code combinations. And the computation decreases greatly. The filters optimal coefficients are designed by improvement factor maximization method. In addition, the zoom control of fitness amends the genetic algorithm in search of optimal codes. The simulation results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the genetic algorithm.


In this paper, we present some considerations about the internationalization of enterprises and the cultural diversity that companies have to face in order to develop their business. This is because the culture of single countries could influence the culture of the company and, more generally, the management; at the same time, the business culture may be somehow influenced by it. In fact, businessmen, in order to create value, must be able to work with actors belonging to different cultures: cross cultural-management could be a great useful help for this purpose. Moreover, businessmen should possess and be able to use good negotiation.


Purpose

The importance and benefit of work meaningfulness has been recognized from many previous studies. The purpose of this study aimed at how employees in Taiwan sense their work as meaningful by introducing prosocial motivation along with two organizational-related factors – task significance and external prestige.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 451 questionnaires were used to analyze the relationships among task significance, external prestige, prosocial motivation and work meaningfulness.

Findings

The results confirm the research hypotheses. This study advanced our understanding of how work meaningfulness arises through an integration of an individual's psychological state with work contexts. The implications for managerial practices and future research are discussed.

Originality/value

This research represented an initial empirical test for measuring these constructs in Taiwanese society. While all the measurements have good reliabilities, it is only a good start. The examination of these constructs using these measurements needs additional research, preferably, in different cultural and industrial contexts.


This project presents the way of preparation and preservation of the skeleton models, to promote the veterinary students comprehension for the anatomy courses by knowing the general shape through its skeletons of domestic animal. The animals which were prepared for study were skinned and dissected, Then the internal organs were removed and preserved in 10 % formalin solution. The technique of skeleton preservation had five stages: bones boiling with sodium hydroxide, de- greasing by 95% gasoline for 6-8 days, drying in natural temperature, bleaching through hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours and skeleton installation. Skeleton installation included arranging the bones consistently, and fixing them by plastic strips and pasting of the articular surfaces. The fore and hind limbs were supported by iron rods from inside. Finally, the skeleton was fixed on a wooden base. The skeletons models could be used to demonstrate osteology, applied anatomy and to promote scientific knowledge.


The general properties of the ordinary and generalized parafermionic algebras are discussed. The generalized parafermionic algebras are proved to be polynomial algebras. The ordinary parafermionic algebras are shown to be connected to the Arik-Coon oscillator algebras.


AbstractThe restoration of the Hedin altar in Rothenburg o.d.T., dated 1466, is described. The polychromed sculptures were cleaned and loose paint was fixed. Methods and materials used in the restoration of the paintings, the areas polychromed in various techniques and the brocade reliefs are mentioned. The altar was protected from direct sunlight. The construction of the shrine and the technique of carving are extensively discussed. Sculptures made from one piece of lime wood were hollowed out and closed with a plank. Traces of rough finishing are visible. Shrine and predella were polychromed after a preliminary assembly of the sculptures. The various techniques used in the undisfigured polychromy are described as they are observed with the unaided eye. It can be shown that the working methods were rational. The fabrication of relief brocades and the various patterns used are discussed in detail. The treatment of the various paintings on the wings, the predella and the reverse of the shrine is reported. ...


The seating chart created in the classroom is one way for teachers in the class to remember students' names one by one and by remembering students' names, it means there is a teacher concern [4][5]. In addition it becomes the basis for developing sense of community in classroom [4][5]. In this paper discusses combination of computers and wireless sensors to make information seating chart system digitally in classroom. The system will be updated automatically if a student sits down a seat. Sensor section was placed to the student's seat and server section was used to display seating chart to teacher. It was working as planned. This was evidenced by the stored data (the seat's number and RFID code of the student's card) into the MySQL database on the server. The future work will create a Graphical User Interface to be installed the server, so that teacher will use it easy.


Recent years have witnessed an articulated attention given to 'China' as a rising economic power. Parallel to this economic perspective, a renewed attention to the relationship between China and Christianity has also started to become verbalised in speeches of such prominent persons as the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Pope and the general secretary of the World Council of Churches. China is accentuated on the agenda of missionary organizations. Where do fascination and passion for China come from? How does this China-fever influence certain processes within contemporary World Christianity? Where is China in World Christianity today? The present article aims to contest the oversimplifications exercised in the China question and maps the complexity of trajectories involved in the question of the China-World Christianity nexus. Looking at certain examples of global-local dynamics, the article aims to localise 'China' in its relation to World Christianity and vice versa. In doing so, the article focuses on issues such as transnational communities, ecumenical understanding, contextualisation and theological pluralism. The present contribution argues that the 'where' question in this case poses the challenge of moving beyond the geographical and numerical mappings. In order to understand the multiple theological connotations of the 'where' questions, the article proposes a new missiological-ecumenical approach which perceives 'super-diversity' as a guiding principle for the integrity of World Christianity.


We propose a new test of asymmetric information in insurance markets based on observing characteristics of the individual not priced by the insurance market. Asymmetric information is detected if there is a relationship between these unpriced characteristics and both the claims experience of the insured and the quantity of insurance purchased. This test avoids the potential confounding effects of unobserved preferences that have hampered the standard empirical test for asymmetric information. It can also provide a direct test of adverse selection, as distinct from moral hazard. We implement the test using a new data set of annuities in the United Kingdom which contains information on the annuity buyer's place of residence, a characteristic not used in pricing annuities. We find evidence of asymmetric information: individuals who live in higher socio-economic status neighborhoods self-select into annuity contract that provide greater insurance; they are also higher risk (longer lived). External evidence that socio-economic status and longevity are positively correlated, independent of insurance coverage, allows us to further interpret these findings as direct evidence of ex-ante adverse selection, as distinct from moral hazard. Our findings also raise broader questions about how insurance companies select the set of relevant individual attributes that they use in setting prices. We thank Richard Disney, Carl Emmerson, Casey Rothschild, Michael Orszag and Michael Wadsworth for helpful discussions, Hui Shan for outstanding research assistance and the National Institute of Aging and the National Science Foundation (Poterba) for financial support. We are particularly grateful to the employees at the company who provided us with the data and patiently answered numerous questions about it.


BACKGROUND:  Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is transmitted by transfusion of infected blood products and can cause serious diseases in specific risk groups. CMV can be present in infected blood as cell‐free virus (CFV), cell‐associated actively replicating virus (CAV), and cell‐associated latent virus (LV).


Themainobjective ofthis paperistopresent an innovative equipment forpractical teaching incontrol engineering, payingspecialattention to its conceptualisation andits possibilities forthetheoreticalpractical training. Theroleofthecontrol and automation issues applied tothis prototype isdiscussed. A Distributed Control System (DCS)applied tothis prototype andits possibilities will beintroduced.


Companies that listed on IDX required to publish audited financial
statement. Based on regulation No. X.K.6 about the responsibilities of publishing
annual report for issuers and public companies that have been made by Bapepam,
public companies require auditor as an independent party to produce opinion of
fairness of the financial statement. This research trying to analize several factors
that affect companies from making a decision about auditor switching. The object
on this research are the public companies that listed on IDX during 2009-2011.
There are three independent variables used in this research, such as opinion,
reputation of audit firms, and financial distress. Based on this research, all of
those independent variables are taking effect significantly to auditor switching.


Inert gas, composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, is being used in one of the new methods of increasing the recovery of heavy or viscous oils. This method is particularly adaptable in the stimulation of oil production in the 10 to 25/sup 0/ API gravity range, with viscosities of 20,000 to 100 centipoises at 100/sup 0/F. One of the most important advancements in the use of inert gas for oil production stimulation is the development of inert gas generator equipment which will operate under oilfield conditions, and equipment that can be operated by field personnel without constant attention. The most common and apparent source of inert gas for oilfield use is the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. Since the gas must be compressed to inject into oil formations, the engine is used to drive the compressor. For pressures up to 1000 psig the engine will deliver more horsepower to drive a compressor than it will deliver inert gas for compression. Therefore an incinerator burner is added to supply additional products of combustion and to stablize the gas. A trailer mounted inert gas generator, is used to test field results of inert gas stimulation prior to installation of amore » permanent unit.« less


Objective To investigate the antagonistic effects of retinoic acid on keratinocyte proliferation stimulated by trivalent arsenicals and its mechanism.Methods Human epidermal keratinocytes (cell line HaCaT) were cultured in vitro.After treatment with trivalent arsenicals for 3 days,keratinocyte proliferation and the antagonistic effects of different retinoid acid were determined by 3H-TdR method.Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry.Results Certain concentration trivalent arsenicals stimulated keratinocyte proliferation.After incubation with various concentration of arotinoid trometamol or acitretin for 24 h,keratinocyte proliferation stimulated by arsenic were antagonisted by retinoic acid ranging from 0.01 μmol/L to 1 μmol/L and the role of arotinoid trometamol was stronger than acitretin.DNA flow cytometric analysis indicated that the proportion of S phase decreased and that of G0-G1 phase increased.Conclusion Low concentration trivalent arsenicals stimulated keratinocyte proliferation,which were antagonisted by retinoic acid through decreasing the cell proportion of S phrase.It may be one of the mechanisms that retinoid acid treated skin diseases associated with arsenic.


This thesis presents a geometrically exact computational model for simulating the dynamic response of planar and spatial elastic rods undergoing large overall motions. A fully six-dimensional kinematic configuration space is employed for spatial rods to allow the independent representation of rod elongation, bending, shear, and torsion. Spatial orientations are parameterized by quaternions, and it is shown that the equations of motion may be explicitly solved for the derivatives of quaternion elements without any non-orthogonal matrix inversions. A numerical solution method is presented which uses Chebyshev polynomials of variable degree for spatial discretization. Explicit Runga-Kutta and Adams-Bashforth schemes are presented for time integration. A complete implementation of the elastic rod model was written in the Mathematica programming language and is presented, in its entirety, in this thesis. The on-line version of this document can be evaluated with Mathematica, Version 2.2, to reproduce virtually all of the numerical and graphical results it contains. A method for finding the equilibrium configurations of the deformed rods is also developed and implemented. This implementation use Mathematica's symbolic manipulation capabilities to automatically expand and differentiate the rather lengthy equations of motion to obtain the exact symbolic form of the system Jacobian. The computational model is experimentally verified by comparing numerical properties of equilibrium configurations of a planar model with corresponding data obtained from a physical test apparatus. Thesis Supervisor: John R. Williams Title: Associate Professor Thesis Reader: Zaichun Feng Title: Assistant Professor A Geometrically Exact Dynamic Model for Spatial Elastic Rods by Robert K. Beretta Submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering on December 18, 1995, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering Abstract This thesis presents a geometrically exact computational model for simulating the dynamic response of planar and spatial elastic rods undergoing large overall motions. A fully six-dimensional kinematic configuration space is employed for spatial rods to allow the independent representation of rod elongation, bending, shear, and torsion. Spatial orientations are parameterized by quaternions, and it is shown that the equations of motion may be explicitly solved for the derivatives of quaternion elements without any non-orthogonal matrix inversions. A numerical solution method is presented which uses Chebyshev polynomials of variable degree for spatial discretization. Explicit Runga-Kutta and Adams-Bashforth schemes are presented for time integration. A complete implementation of the elastic rod model was written in the Mathematica programming language and is presented, in its entirety, in this thesis. The on-line version of this document can be evaluated with Mathematica, Version 2.2, to reproduce virtually all of the numerical and graphical results it contains. A method for finding the equilibrium configurations of the deformed rods is also developed and implemented. This implementation use Mathematica's symbolic manipulation capabilities to automatically expand and differentiate the rather lengthy equations of motion to obtain the exact symbolic form of the system Jacobian. The computational model is experimentally verified by comparing numerical properties of equilibrium configurations of a planar model with corresponding data obtained from a physical test apparatus.This thesis presents a geometrically exact computational model for simulating the dynamic response of planar and spatial elastic rods undergoing large overall motions. A fully six-dimensional kinematic configuration space is employed for spatial rods to allow the independent representation of rod elongation, bending, shear, and torsion. Spatial orientations are parameterized by quaternions, and it is shown that the equations of motion may be explicitly solved for the derivatives of quaternion elements without any non-orthogonal matrix inversions. A numerical solution method is presented which uses Chebyshev polynomials of variable degree for spatial discretization. Explicit Runga-Kutta and Adams-Bashforth schemes are presented for time integration. A complete implementation of the elastic rod model was written in the Mathematica programming language and is presented, in its entirety, in this thesis. The on-line version of this document can be evaluated with Mathematica, Version 2.2, to reproduce virtually all of the numerical and graphical results it contains. A method for finding the equilibrium configurations of the deformed rods is also developed and implemented. This implementation use Mathematica's symbolic manipulation capabilities to automatically expand and differentiate the rather lengthy equations of motion to obtain the exact symbolic form of the system Jacobian. The computational model is experimentally verified by comparing numerical properties of equilibrium configurations of a planar model with corresponding data obtained from a physical test apparatus. Thesis Supervisor: John R. Williams Title: Associate Professor Thesis Reader: Zaichun Feng Title: Assistant Professor


The surface modification of PAN based carbon fiber (CF) was carried out with O2 or CF4 plasma generated by radio frequency (13.56 MHz) to obtain high compatibility between CF and matrix in CF paper/cement composites (CFRC). The wettability to water on CF surface was remarkably modified to hydrophilic by O2 plasma, and to hydrophobic by CF4 plasma. The CF paper after plasma treatment was used for the preparation of CFRC. CFRC plates (6 mm in thickness) were prepared by the lamination of 12 sheets of CF paper preimpregnated with portland cement paste (water/cement 0.4), and were cured in water. These CFRC's showed 1.5-1.8 g/cm3 in bulk density and 3.5 vol% in CF contents. The flexural strength of the CFRC plate prepared from O2 plasma-treated CF, was about 2.0 times higher (60 MPa) than that of CFRC without plasma treatment on CF. The CFRC plates prepared from CF paper pretreated in CF4 plasma, exibited 1.6 times higher (48 MPa) in flexural strength and 1.6 times larger in deflection com-pared with the CFRC from plasma-untreated CF. The fluoride ion transuded from CF4 plasma-treated CF surface, was interacted as the coupling agent between CF and portland cementhydrate. Therefore the cold plasma treatment on CF is regarded as strengthening of CFRC.


It has been claimed that topic metadata can be used to improve the accuracy of text searches. Here, we test this claim by examining the contribution of metadata to effective searching within websites published by a university with a strong commitment to and substantial investment in metadata. We use four sets of queries, a total of 463, extracted from the university's official query logs and from the university's site map. The results are clear: the available metadata is of little value in ranking answers to those queries. A follow-up experiment with the websites published in a particular government jurisdiction queries confirms that this conclusion is not specific to the particular university. Examination of the metadata present at the university reveals that, in addition to implementation deficiencies, there are inherent problems in trying to use subject and description metadata to enhance the searchability of websites. Our experiments show that link anchor text, which can be regarded as metadata created by others, is much more effective in identifying best answers to queries than other textual evidence. Furthermore, query-independent evidence such as link counts and URL length, unlike subject and description metadata, can substantially improve baseline performance.


The normal faults are distributed around the boundary line of between Saga Plain and Sefuri Mountains (The Research group for Active tectonics in Kyushu, 1989, etc.). Shimoyama (2010) suggested that this normal fault zone relatively uplift the north side block, based on the displacement of boundary between Aso-4 and Mitagawa Formation. According to the Regional evaluation of the active fault (Kyushu), the Headquarter of Earthquake Research Promotion evaluated that the normal fault zone (Saga Heiya Hokuen Fault Zone) can be traced about 22 km from Ogi City to Yoshinonogari Town, based on the feature of gravity anomaly and tectonic geomorphology. However, the distribution and activities of active fault are not understood well. Yoshinogari Heritage, one of the Japan's important heritages, is on a terrace that is formed by Aso-4 pyroclastic flow deposits. Many relics during the Paleolithic era and Early-modern era have been excavated from here. Especially, it is famous for moat-surrounded settlements of the Yayoi period. The prospered moat-surrounded settlements were abandoned in the late third century. In the Nara period, Kando (ancient road) and government agencies which extend to Hizen Province (Saga and Nagasaki Prefecture) from Dazaifu,were established in the northern Saga Plain including the Yoshinogari Heritage. Yoshinogari Heritage and surrounding areas are regions where the civilizations of the many periods remain. Therefore, in this area that records man's activity for a long time, it is expected that influences of fault activities on civilizations can be known. To clarify the time and spatial relationships between active faults and ruins, we described the distribution map on active faults and ruins in and around the Yoshinogari Heritage, based on interpretation of topography using large-scale maps, aerial photograph, 5m DEM and results of field and archaeological surveys, and also conducted several very shallow seismic reflection profiles across clear tectonic scarps.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the mechanical behavior of the proximal end of the femur submitted to the X-shaped polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) reinforcement technique. Methods: Fifteen synthetic femurs, with a Nacional® density of 10 PCF, were divided into two groups: the DX group, with 5 units that were submitted to PMMA reinforcement, and the DP group, with 10 units, which were evaluated intact. The volume of PMMA required, the maximum load, and the absorbed energy to fracture were analyzed by means of a static mechanical bending test simulating a fall on the greater trochanter. Results: A mean of 6 ml of PMMA was used to model the X-reinforcement; it was observed that the DX group presented significantly higher maximum load (median = 1553 N, p = 0.005) and absorbed energy to fracture (median = 9.7 J; p = 0.050) than the DP group (median = 905 N and 6.6 J). Conclusion: X-reinforcement of the proximal end of synthetic femurs showed a statistically significant increase in the maximum load and absorbed energy to fracture in the mechanical assay when compared to the control group. Level of Evidence III, Experimental study.


A fundamental equation of state is presented for the calculation of thermodynamic properties of chlorine. It is expressed in terms of the Helmholtz energy with the independent variables temperature and density. Based on the available experimental data from the literature, the equation is valid from the triple point temperature 172.17 – 440 K with a maximum pressure of 20 MPa. The quality of the equation is evaluated by comparisons with experimental measurements. Since the equation was developed in part for use in mixture models relevant for carbon capture and storage applications, special focus was also given to correct extrapolation behavior.


The change in social, political and technological context and the development of new theoretical viewpoints regarding language learning process have caused what could pass as paradigmatic changes. Globalization, information society, multilingualism, autonomous learning and learning strategies have become significant concepts in the trends that restructure foreign language learning. This study aims to explore the above-mentioned paradigmatic changes in foreign language teaching in light of these significant concepts. The study also attempts to reveal factors that call for innovation and the relationships among them from the application standpoint. Istanbul Universitesi Hasan Ali Yucel Egitim Fakultesi Alman Dili Egitimi Bolumu


Rapid adoption of electric vehicles has introduced new challenges to power utilities by increasing demand on distribution systems. To avoid costly system reinforcements, power utilities can reduce adverse grid impacts and excessive costs for the customers using time-of-use pricing or smart charging programs. Proper infrastructure and data acquisition methodology are the necessities of such program. The data acquisition methodology should be accurate, secure, and economically viable. Different methodologies have been introduced and utilized during the past few years that may not be economically viable or may not provide acceptable accuracy and security levels. In this paper, OCPP has been used to transfer measured data from onboard meters of OCPP-enabled AC Level 2 chargers used in a BC Hydro TOU measurement trial for residential EV charging. The accuracy of the collected data from different chargers has been verified against a utility-grade smart meter. It is shown that the measured data is within a reasonable accuracy range, and it is transferred and stored securely without loss of accuracy. Finally, the collected EV load data is assessed over a period of 24 hours to demonstrate the impact of TOU on the total household load and the importance of proper scheduling.


Half of the global workforce, more so in developing countries, is self-employed, pursuing entrepreneurial activities as their means of livelihood. Most of the self-employed in developing countries are striving to secure a livelihood as own account workers, single person operators, or heads of family enterprises; they are not professionals and employers to whom the term entrepreneur usually refers. Information on the enterprises and earnings of these women and men is an important basis for the development of policies to strengthen their enterprises and livelihoods.


A unique class of multi-channeled porous carbon nanofibers (MCPCNFs) are designed with dual-pathway ion transport capability via a modified electrospinning approach. Combined with other features including high conductivity and numerous functional groups for facilitating the formation of electric double-layer charges, the MCPCNFs exhibit excellent supercapacitive performance, holding great potential for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.


Large diameter drilling piles have been extensively used in foundation engineering However, engineering accidents of drilling pile are more and more popular due to the influence of a variety of factors Taking which kind of reinforcement ways to satisfy the needs of upper structure is the key of handling of foundation accidents Through the handling and analysis of an actual drilling pile accident, application of pressure grouting in handling of pile foundation is expounded


Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are currently a point of focus for bone tissue engineering applications. In this study, a biomaterial (HA-SBA-16) has been developed based on the growth of calcium phosphate (HA) particles within an organized silica structure (SBA-16) to evaluate their application in the osteogenic differentiation process. Indeed, pure SBA-16 was used to compare the effect of structural characteristics on the biological application. The samples were characterized by N2 Adsorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and thermal analysis. In vitro assays were performed to evaluate the viability, cytotoxicity and biological behavior of the ASCs on SBA-16 and HA/SBA-16 nanocomposites to verify their potential as bioactive materials for applications in bone-tissue engineering. The differentiation capacity of the ASCs seeded in SBA-16 and HA/SBA-16 was confirmed by the induction of the increase in AP production/activity of the ASCs, the expression of osteogenic gene markers (type I collagen mRNA, osteopontin and osteocalcin), and functionally, by Von Kossa staining. The results showed that those compositions have beneficial effects in stem cells, maintaining cell viability and allowing/promoting osteogenic differentiation.


The skills that Brandon deployed during the geography game are also skills that help him achieve success in school. These skills include (a) the emotional sensitivity to discern the will of the class in continuing to play, (b) an awareness of what he would have to do to prolong the game, (c) the social sophistication to decide who he wanted to move to his new team, (d) the ability to notice and capitalize on the decision-making processes of others, and, of course, (e) geographic knowledge. These skills are potentially valuable in contexts outside of the community and it is likely that he learned and practiced them there. I observed these skills through his story. Although the list of them is long and impressive, the fact that he was able to alchemize them in the context of school for a purpose he set himself is what made me awestruck.


The insurance industry appears to be lagging behind, as it faces strategic challenges in utilizing the web. The current manual insurance system at Insurance Company of East Africa has not been quite effective in creating awareness of insurance.  The majority of insurers continue to build internet websites that are structured on a corporate orientation rather than customer needs. Customers are left on their own to figure out where they should find useful information. In the E-insurance System we create awareness of information about insurance mode of operation, policies and benefits. Using qualitative research methods like interview and document review the research found the need to develop and E-insurance system to create awareness about insurance to the public. The qualitative research method led to the derivation of the requirements need to develop the E-insurance system. The E-insurance system was developed using PHP, WAMP and MySQL. The data is stored in the insurance database and access to specific information for example viewing of claims is done by authorized users through a secure web interface. The database was designed using MySQL. The user interfaces were designed using html, JavaScript, CSS, PHP and JQuery. Keywords : Insurance, Management System


Abstract The method used to determine the constitutions of rubber, gutta-percha and balata is essentially the same as that used for organic substances of low molecular weights, i.e., the substance is dissolved in a solvent, and the size and character of the particles in solution are determined. For a long time the nature of colloidal solutions of these hydrocarbons was in dispute. Up to twenty years ago, it was commonly assumed that the molecules of these hydrocarbons are relatively small, and that their colloidal particles are formed by the assemblage of small molecules into micelles through the agency of secondary forces. It seemed to Pummerer, Nielsen and Gundel that in certain solvents, such as camphor and menthol, rubber is dissolved in a low-molecular state. Subsequently, however, this observation was proved to be incorrect. According to the opinion of Meyer and Mark, colloidal particles of rubber are composed of relatively long primary-valence chains, which contain from 75–150 isoprene residues. Th...


Business process re-engineering computer-aided manufacture concurrent engineering design for manufacture industrial case study lean manufacture manufacturing management manufacturing process manufacturing systems performance measures test and evaluation total quality management late submissions.


Purposes: To study the immunity status of the occupational communicable diseases and to set up an appropriate immunization program for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration General Hospital health care personnel. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study. The data collection had been performed between November 1, 2012 and June 30, 2013. The immunization status was surveyed from all hospital health care personnel. The immunity tests among all risked personnel were performed. The results were used to set up an appropriate immunization program for the hospital health care personnel. Priority setting for the immunization program included: 1) Number of the risked personnel 2) Number of the risked departments 3) Clinical severity and lack of on-duty personnel if infected 4) Previous immunization. Results: The percentage of risked personnel who got a positive immunity against Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B viruses were 85.71% and 45.26% respectively. Positive history of vaccine immunization was confirmed in the risked personnel as follows; Varicella Zoster 30.50%, Influenza 25.50%, Pertussis 51.10%, Diphtheria 52.86%, Tetanus 50.80%, Rabies 30.36% and Mump-Measles-Rubella 31.5%. Priority setting for immunization are 1) Hepatitis B 2) Hepatitis A 3) Varicella Zoster 4) Influenza. The vaccine immunization in 4 major diseases was contributed to all risked health care personnel. The completed dosage immunization among the risked health care personnel are as follows 1) Hepatitis B vaccination 92.5% 2) Hepatitis A vaccination 100% 3) Varicella Zoster vaccination 100% and 4) Influenza vaccination 86.5% Conclusions: Priority setting for immunization in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration General Hospital is Hepatitis B, Hepatitis A, Varicella Zoster and Influenza. The immunization program was set up for high-risk health care personnel. Keywords: Occupational diseases, health care personnel, vaccination, immunity study, immunity survey


This paper describes the procedure used to design a stable concrete replacement for a gravel durability test road. The replacement road was designed analytically to match the cumulative fatigue damage of the gravel road and consisted of individual test events that existed on various vehicle proving grounds. Although this paper deals specifically with road replacement, the method could easily be adapted to road comparison, i.e., proving ground to proving ground or customer to proving ground.


This study analyzes the road freight sector of São Paulo state to identify the best options to reduce greenhouse gases emissions and local pollutants, such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons. Additionally, the investment cost of each vehicle is also analyzed. Results show that electric options, including hybrid, battery, and hydrogen fuel-cell electric vehicles represent the best options to reduce pollutants and greenhouse gases emissions concomitantly, but considerable barriers for their deployment are still in place. With little long-term planning on the state level, electrification of the transport system, in combination with increased renewable electricity generation, would require considerable financial support to achieve the desired emissions reductions without increasing energy insecurity.


In terms of the economic bottom line, effective school leaders are now supposed to pay close attention to two central tasks which involve managing resources and devising operational strategies in their action plans. Taking a postmodern viewpoint, the first part of this paper aims to discuss the significance of resource allocation in education and the necessity for competing priorities over what needs to be reviewed and done appropriately in the new organization. This part establishes a solid background for a further discussion on the evolving process of business techniques in resource allocation, which begins with strategic planning and then moves onto strategic thinking, values-based approach, metastrategic management and appreciative inquiry. A critical portion of this paper which is concerned with practical strategic management techniques examines the uses of the Balanced Scorecard and the Triple Bottom Line in school management with an investigation into the complementary relationship between the two terms in educational settings. It is mainly argued throughout this analysis that there needs to be a better understanding of the members' values and beliefs in educational leadership.


Community participation is the soul of community construction. The participants,besides the residents in the community,include three kinds of judicial persons: the government,enterprises or companies,social organizations. The residents play elementary roles in the community construction,the three judicial persons play as leaders,supporters and agents with different social effects. All the participants are of their own uniqueness,though they are related in certain way.


The island of Little Nicobar in the southern Nicobars is the least developed of all the inhabited islands in the archipelago. The Nicobarese are one of the few tribal communities who are exempt from the provisions of the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. Studies on the use of wildlife in the Nicobars are rare in spite of the knowledge and use of species for consumption and sustenance. This article focuses on the ethnobiology of herpetofauna in Little Nicobar and the methods of use. This was part of a larger study on the food production and procurement strategies of the 'Payuh', who are the ethnic group of islanders who identify themselves as such on the island of Little Nicobar and surrounding regions; the term 'Payuh' is in use even in the Nancowry group of islands and on the south western coast of Great Nicobar Island but these populations are culturally distinct in many ways. Though local communities have lived off forests and fauna for many years, and occupied the coast for habitation and conversion into plantations, wild species still persist on the island in less disturbed habitats, unlike other islands in the archipelago. This article details the way these islanders describe the herpetofauna.


An experimental study under uniaxial stresses and a theoretical analysis of the zero-phonon lines of the lowest $^{4}T_{2}$ level of ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{++}$ in ZnSe are reported. We first show that a classical model in which vibronic interactions are neglected must be rejected since it predicts a zero-stress spectrum of the zero-phonon lines consisting of three absorption lines with relative dipole strengths of 14, 7, and 9 although only two absorption lines at 19597 and 19 607 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ are observed. Then, in order to interpret this unusual structure we consider Ham's effect corresponding to Jahn-Teller interactions of the $^{4}T_{2}$ electronic state with $E$ vibrational modes. It is shown that the hypothesis of strong Jahn-Teller interactions is consistent with the zero-stress spectrum but inconsistent with pressure-induced splittings and polarizations. Finally a model permitting a correct interpretation of all experimental results has been elaborated by considering a medium coupling to $E$ vibrational modes. We show that the observed lines at 19 597 and 19 607 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ correspond, respectively, to transitions from the $^{6}A_{1}$ ground state to the $|{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{8}(\frac{5}{2})〉$ and $|{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{6}〉$ fundamental vibronic levels of the $^{4}T_{2}$ state. Furthermore, a careful analysis of the dipole strengths of the zero-phonon lines and phonon-assisted lines shows the importance of intensity transfer from the zero-phonon lines to the phonon-assisted lines. The case of ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{++}$ in ZnS is also briefly considered.


The thermal chemistry of ethyl and neopentyl iodides on Pt(111) surfaces was investigated by temperature-programmed desorption and reflection-absorption infrared (RAIRS) spectroscopies. The analysis using RAIRS of the isotopic composition of the ethylidyne formed from adsorption of CH 3 CD 2 I at different temperatures provided a reasonable estimate for the difference in activation energies between α- and β-hydride elimination steps from alkyl groups adsorbed on Pt(111). A study of the reactivity of neopentyl groups on the same surface using selective deuterium labeling yielded additional information on the relative rates of α- versus γ-hydride eliminations. It was determined that C-H bond-scission steps at the α and γ positions display comparable rates and that both are several orders of magnitude slower than dehydrogenation at the β carbon. A comparison is also presented here to similar chemistry on nickel substrates, where dehydrogenation reactions are usually much faster and where α-elimination dominates over the γ counterpart. The implications of these results to catalysis are discussed in the text.


Color image quantization is used to lower the range of colors of an image in an effort to decrease the size of the image and trying to keep the quantized image visibly similar to the input image. Color quantization is performed to reduce the color information while trying to maintain the quality. The technique is used in various fields like computer graphics and image processing. In this paper, comparison of various algorithms is carried out to calculate the mean absolute error and mean squared error and determine the accuracy for each algorithm. The algorithms used in this paper are K-means, median cut, Lloyd max and fast octree.


This research investigates the hyperlink information presentation methods often found in Web sites today. Generally, the information presentation has two formats: a new Webpage appears in a new window, and a new Webpage replace information in an old window. In order to assess the usability of such formats, the efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction of each method is measured. Thirty participants were recruited in our experiment. The participants were divided equally into two groups and each group was assigned to a test condition. The experimental hypothesis was "using a new window yields a higher usability than replacing information in an old window". We investigated two issues: the memory load (when information is being replaced continuously) and the navigation difficulty (when numerous windows are presented simultaneously). The usability assessment results show no significant difference between the two information presentation methods. However, from the experimental data, a recommendation can be drafted for the Web navigation design


To reform teaching,case-based textbook is in trial use in pharmacology teaching and introduce case-based teaching method.Not only review but add new examples to old script and use fresh script in next semester.Teachers optimize the way of lesson preparation and deepen and explore theory of pharmacology and cultivate their organize ability in teaching.In class,teachers use teaching and discussion in parallel.This method facilitates students to combine the latest work practice and theory of textbook and makes their knowledge more systematic and activates participation of students and facilitates effective leaning.The exploration of case-based teaching is effective improvement of traditional textbook compilation and teaching.


Spacious M4L6 tetrahedra can act as catalytic inhibitors for base-mediated reactions. Upon adding only 5 % of a self-assembled Fe4L6 cage complex, the conversion of the conjugate addition between ethylcyanoacetate and β-nitrostyrene catalyzed by proton sponge can be reduced from 83 % after 75 mins at ambient temperature to <1 % under identical conditions. The mechanism of the catalytic inhibition is unusual: the octacationic Fe4L6 cage increases the acidity of exogenous water in the acetonitrile reaction solvent by favorably binding the conjugate acid of the basic catalyst. The inhibition only occurs for Fe4L6 hosts with spacious internal cavities: minimal inhibition is seen with smaller tetrahedra or Fe2L3 helicates. The surprising tendency of the cationic cage to preferentially bind protonated, cationic ammonium guests is quantified via the comprehensive modeling of spectrophotometric titration datasets.


According to a recent golf consumer behaviour study, golf is a popular sport in Canada, however the sport has not recently seen growth (Navicom, 2012). There are approximately 5.7 million golfers in Canada, and an equal 18% are both new and lapsed golfers (i.e., golfers who don't currently play but may return, or no longer play golf altogether; Navicom, 2012). The benefits listed as drivers of engagement and spend include things like socializing with friends and family, enjoyment of the game, and membership in a golf community (e.g., club membership, understanding of rules and etiquette, dress codes; Navicom, 2012). There is however a downward trend suggesting that as Canadians age, they become more likely to lapse or leave the game, which supports a large portion of the research related with leisure activity across the lifespan (Edginton et al., 2006; Lera-Lopez & Rapun-Garate, 2011). At 18-25 years old, participants in this study were more excited about the game and playing more often, as compared with the 26-35 year old group who showed an ambivalence to the game, and finally the 46-59 year old group who were "disillusioned with the game, leaving the game, or expressing disappointment" (Navicom, 2012, p. 23).


The greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has forced the shipping industry to actively reduce the amount of CO2 emissions emitted directly into the atmosphere over the past few years. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is one of the main technological methods for reducing the amount of CO2 emissions emitted directly into the atmosphere. CO2 transport, i.e., shipping CO2 to permanent or temporary storage sites, is a critical intermediate step in the CCUS chain. This study formulates a mixed-integer programming model for a carbon storage and transport problem in the CCUS chain to optimally determine ship allocation, ship departure scheduling, and CO2 storage and transport. Taking advantage of the structure of the problem, we transform the mixed-integer programming model into a simpler model that can be computed efficiently. To evaluate the performance of the simpler model, numerous computational experiments are conducted. The results show that all small-scale instances (each with 10 power plants) and medium-scale instances (each with 30 power plants) can be solved optimality by Gurobi within 14.33 s. For large-scale instances with 60 and 65 power plants, feasible solutions with average gap values of 0.06% and 6.93% can be obtained by Gurobi within one hour, which indicates that the proposed methodology can be efficiently applied to practical problems. In addition, important parameters, including the unit fuel price, the time-charter cost, and the ship sailing speed, are examined in sensitivity analyses to investigate the impacts of these factors on operations decisions. In summary, a lower fuel price, a lower charter cost, or a higher ship sailing speed can increase the profit of the CCUS chain.


A novel non-fullerene small molecule acceptor, TITI-4F, containing a N,N-dialkyl thieno[3',2':2,3]indolo[7,6-g]thieno[3,2-b]indole (TITI) core, was designed and synthesized. Photovoltaic devices based on PM6:TITI-4F can realize a high FF of 0.75, and a PCE of 10.89%. Our work demonstrates that TITI is a promising fused core for high quality acceptors.


A batch cell coupled with a mass spectrometer (MS) composition probe is demonstrated for the first time for measuring high-pressure fluid-phase equilibria at temperatures up to 200 C and pressures up to 600 bar. Compared to gas chromatography (GC), this MS composition probe requires a much smaller sample that is taken from the cell into the spectrometer. Its application is illustrated for 1-butene + ethylene. The apparatus is also tested on two additional systems, supercritical carbon dioxide + decane and supercritical propane + polyisobutene.


Intracranial chordoma is very uncommon and rarely invasde the oral area.This is a report of a case with recurrent cranial chordoma, which is diagnosed from biopsy specimen of cheek tumor.A 43-year-old female visited the department of Dentistry, Matsue Red Cross Hospital on August 18, 1986. She complained of facial spasm and left cheek swelling. Ordinary X-rays (P-A View, Panorama View) demonstrated partial defect of left temporal bone by resection of cranial chordoma 6 years before. The cheek region was suspected to be something like benign tumor involving the facial nerve.But computed tomography findings showed a continuous mass extending from intracranial to pharynx. An intra-oral biopsy specimen showed large-sized physaliphorus cells, then she was diagnosed as recurrence of cranial chordoma with cheek invasion.Cheek tumor was reduced under local anesthesia and facial spasm disappeared after reducion. This should be the first report from oral region of this tumor in Japanese literature.


This paper presents a new method for modeling the gain spectrum in quantum well (QW) structures based on the QW transmission line modeling (QW-TLM) method. In the QW-TLM method, three parallel RLC filters together with their associated weight coefficients constitute a QW-TLM unit, which represents the processes that electrons transit from the conduction band to the heavy hole band, the light hole band, and the spin-orbit split-off band at a specific wave vector. Parallel QW-TLM units are adopted to describe the electron transitions in the wave vector space. Furthermore, the optical gain model of QWs based on the QW-TLM method is presented. The gain spectrum obtained through the QW-TLM method is agreeable with the gain spectrum calculated from the analytical expression in a large wavelength range from 1300 to 1700 nm. In order to reduce the computation time, under sampling QW-TLM is proposed to model the gain curve of QWs. The simulation result shows that the gain curve obtained from under sampling QW-TLM is consistent with the gain curve obtained through the theoretical derivation from 1510 to 1575 nm, which satisfies the requirement of studying the dynamic spectral characteristics of QW devices.


This study analyzed the audited financial statements of a Medical Center in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The results and findings served as the bases for recommendations to improve the financial performance of the company. This study aimed to provide possible actions and methods that could help enhance the business financial activities using Financial Statement Performance Analysis as its main tool for the years 2019 to 2021. This study used the documentary analysis as a technique in determining the financial ratios and providing a comparative financial statement of the Medical Center. The participants of this study are the partners, chief executive officers, the administration and the accountant. The researcher was able to gather data by communicating directly to the participants and visiting the location of medical center. In determining such, the proponents ascertained the Medical Center's performance using the financial statement analysis; comparative statement of financial position, comparative statement of comprehensive income (Horizontal and Vertical Analysis) and statement of cashflow analysis. The ratios that assess profitability and performance that were utilized are as follows (1) Operating Profit Margin (2) Current Ratio (3) Debt Ratio and (4) Debt to Equity ratio (5) Return on Assets and (6) Return on Equity. The following conclusions were drawn: The results of the company comparative analysis shows good financial performance from the company as reflected in the increase from 2020 to 2021 while the decrease from 2019 to 2020. The results of the cash flow analysis shows that the company has enough cash to manage its assets, liabilities, and equity, and it has the potential to enhance its financial position particularly if the partners withdrawals will not exceed the company's net profit for the year. The results of the financial ratios analysis shows that the company's financial reports reflect above average to excellent performance except for the debt ration for 2021 which needs to be monitored and improved in the coming year. The following recommendations were determined: Review the Trade & Other Receivable and generate Aging Report to ensure that receivables are still eligible for collection. Review Accounts recording particularly the Prepayments & Deposits, Partner's withdrawal, Direct Cost and General & Administrative Expenses to ensure correct classification and recording has been conducted. Continuous improvement needed to reduce the Partner's withdrawals should be made in place. The management should be cautious and monitor it's debt management and ensure that debt ratio doesn't increase.


The chemical composition of rye flour can be a good indicator of the bread quality. In this study, the rye flour was mixed with wheat flour in ratios of 10%, 25% and 50%. The chemical parameters (moisture, ash, fat contents and alkalinity) and the physical parameters (diameter, thickness, weight and spread factor) of the biscuits have been analysed. The results of the chemical analysis showed variable results, such as the increase of the fat and ash contents, and the decrease of the moisture content and of the alkalinity. In terms of physical characteristics, the samples generally presented some differences. The Pearson coefficient showed that there is a strong correlation between the width of the biscuits and the proportion of added rye flour, and a weak correlation between the spread ratio and the amount of rye flour that is used.


This paper discusses the principle of train location based on spread spectrum technology. On the basis of this,the authors propose a rudimentary frame of the spread spectrum radio train location system,and compare it with the other train location methods in CBTC system.


University scientific research ability evaluation is a complex process with multiple factors and subjectivity.It is difficult to appraise university scientific research ability correctly.In order to improve the evaluation accuracy,based on analysis of the influenceialfactors of university scientific research ability,PNNis used to establish the evaluation mathematical model of university scientific research ability.The simulation experiment is carried out with MATLAB.The simulation results show that the model improves the evaluation accuracy of university scientific research ability.The evaluation results are more objective and equitable,and offers certain reference for scientific research ability evaluation.


The (weighted) k-median, k-means, and k-center problems in the plane are known to be NP-hard. In this paper, we study these problems with an additional constraint that requires the sought k facilities to be on a given line. We present efficient algorithms for various distance measures such as L1,L2,L∞. We assume that all n weighted points are given sorted by their projections on the given line. For k-median, our algorithms for L1 and L∞ metrics run in O(min{nk,nklog nlog n,n2O(log klog log n)log n}) time and O(min{nklog n,nklog nlog2n,n2O(log klog log n)log2n}) time, respectively. For k-means, which is defined only on the squared L2 distance, we give an O(min{nk,nklog n,n2O(log klog log n)}) time algorithm. For k-center, our algorithms run in O(nlog n) time for all three metrics, and in O(n) time for the unweighted version under L1 and L∞ metrics. While our results for the k-center problem are optimal, the results for the k-median problem almost match the best algorithms for the corresponding one-dimensio...


The defect energies of Ising spin systems with nearest-neighbour interactions whose strengths are normally distributed, have been investigated numerically for square, cubic and hypercubic lattices. In four dimensions the defect energy is independent of the size of the system only when the bonds are distributed with zero mean, but in two and three dimensions the defect energy is independent of the system size for all values of the mean less than a certain critical value. This provides further evidence that four dimensions is the dimensionality below which Edwards-Anderson order cannot exist at non-zero temperatures.


In order to optimize of RT-nexted PCR detection method for classical swine fever virus,the prevalence of classical swine fever in FuJian province was investigated.Two pairs of primers were designed and synthesized to test the sensitivity and specialization by referring to strain Shimen,and the method of detection for CSFV was optimized.The result of sensitivity showed that the most dilution cDNA of CSFV was 1×10-7 ng/mL,and the method could not amplify any band from PRRSV,SIV,PCV2,PRV,PPV spleen and liver of health pig and negative control PK-15 cell except CSFV,which indicated that the RT-nested PCR method was special for CSFV.When this method was applied to detect 133 samples swine tissue from Fujian Province,60 samples were positive,and the positive ratio was 45.1%.The result showed that the RT-nested PCR method was of high sensitivity and specialness;the infection ratio of swinery was high in Fujian Province,and it was needed to strengthen prevention and control of CSF work.


The purpose of this study is to examine the use of statistical and data mining tools to investigate the funding mechanism for healthcare providers. The specific objective is to examine the relationship between the total charges billed by a hospital compared to the payments received for patient care. Currently, hospitals receive a negotiated payment for a particular diagnosis. The payment is based upon an average cost with local conditions taken into consideration. However, some patients who are severely ill will cost considerably more than average. The question becomes whether hospitals can afford to care for such patients, or whether they are forced to cost-shift to stay in business. Simulations about the total charges from different distributions were examined to investigate the payment structure. Predictive modeling was used to examine the different distributions of the total charges compared to reimbursements. The results were then applied to actual payment data to investigate the cost mechanism. Results show that the distribution of total charges and reimbursements are exponential, or come from an exponential family. Also, there is a significant shift between the two distributions. A number of predictors were extracted from the data that might explain the shift of cost and predict the likelihood of future payments. INTRODUCTION According to the US Census Bureau statistics for the year of 2004, about 45.8 million people in the United States are without health insurance coverage, which represents 15.7% of the total population 1 . These uninsured and underinsured individuals have access to many health care facilities even when they are unable to afford the health services cost. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) guarantee that any individual who comes to the emergency department of a hospital with a request for treatment must be accommodated with an appropriate medical screening examination 2 . The health care provider does not have any guarantee of any reimbursement from uninsured or underinsured patients. Government reimbursement programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, generally pay hospitals less than the cost of caring for the people enrolled in these programs, and insurance companies negotiate deep discounts with hospitals 3 . This situation has caused many health care providers to lose money; some of them have cut their budgets and others have closed their emergency departments. The question becomes whether hospitals can afford to care for such patients, or whether they are forced to cost-shift to provide for them. Simulations about the total charges from different distributions were examined to investigate the payment structure. Predictive modeling was used to examine the different distributions of the total charges compared to reimbursements. The data used in this project were obtained from the 2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). MEPS provides nationally representative estimates of health care use, expenditures, sources of payment, and insurance coverage for the U.S. civilian non-institutionalized population. MEPS is co.-sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) 4 . METHOD In order to show the relationship between reimbursements received by the healthcare provider compared to charges incurred when the probability distribution of the total charges is different from that of reimbursements, we used simulations about the total charges from normal, exponential and gamma distributions. We calculated the reimbursements assuming that the payments are based upon an average cost. Simulations are used to approximate real cases. Since the contractual relationship between hospital and insurer is proprietary, it is extremely difficult to get actual data. However, the simulations will be compared to the information provided in the MEPS database. Kernel Density estimation is a data visualization technique to estimate actual population distributions. It was used on the MEPS data to show that both the distribution of the total charges and the reimbursement for hospital outpatient services are not normal. Kernel Density provides a very useful means of investigating an


Detection of insertion and/or deletion (indel) mutations in CALR exon 9, the gene that encodes the endoplasmic reticulum-associated, calcium binding protein calreticulin, is now considered a major criterion for the diagnosis of the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis. MPN-associated CALR indel mutations all result in a +1 frame shift of the coding sequence, leading to an altered amino acid composition of the translated protein and loss of the endoplasmic reticulum retention motif. The two most common CALR mutations are a 52 bp deletion and a 5 bp insertion that account for >85% of indels; however, many others of varying size have been described at a much lower frequency.1 2 A number of screening methodologies can be employed to detect CALR mutations including Sanger sequencing, fluorescent PCR followed with fragment length analysis (FLA) by capillary electrophoresis, high-resolution melt curve analysis, next-generation sequencing and quantitative PCR: each approach having its own limits of …


A landing gear support for a trailer or the like including a pair of legs secured to opposite sides of the forward portion of the trailer and movable between an extended, ground engaging position and a retracted position. Each of the legs includes a gear mechanism with a rotatably mounted shaft extending therebetween such that with a single manual crank both legs may be moved between the extended position and the retracted position. Each of the legs may then be folded upwardly to a substantially horizontal position beneath the trailer body, providing greater ground clearance. To provide the upward movement, the upper ends of each of the legs are secured to swivel members which are pivotally mounted upon base members that are secured to the trailer body, such that the legs may be pivoted about a transversely extended axis to their folded-up position. Each of the swivel members has a spring-loaded pin mounted thereon for insertion into a first hole formed in its associated base member for securing the leg in a vertical unfolded position, and a second hole formed in the base member for securing the leg in its folded-up position.


3D printed polymer models were applied as templates in order to control channel architectures in monolithic catalysts. The resulting Mn- and Na2WO4-containing monoliths exhibited stable 23–25% methane conversion in the oxidative coupling of methane, with a high selectivity of 67–70% towards C2–C3 hydrocarbons.


The larvae of Dioryctria abietella (D. & S.) are among the most destructive pests of the cones of slash pine, Pinus elliottii Engelm., and longleaf pine, Pinus palustris Mill., in the Southern United States. Larval instar data have been particularly useful in laboratory insecticide screening tests where it is essential to use larvae of the same age. The following is a brief account of a test to determine the number of larval instars of D. abietella in Florida.


The basic challenge in weak signal detection is not only to bring the signal to a useful form, but also to determine its presence in the surrounding background noise. One of the well-known and most commonly used methods is energy detection, extended in the following years to compound, hybrid solutions. In this article, the authors have shown that the improvement of detection can be achieved not only by extending already complex algorithms by additional processing branches, but simply by choosing a better decision criterion. For this purpose, the authors have defined a simulation model, which uses machine learning to redefine previously adopted decision thresholds and improve detection efficiency. The presented simulation results show significant improvement in detector performance in comparison with the classical approach.


POPS (Planar Optical Phase Sensor) is a second-generation fringe tracker for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI), intended to simultaneously measure the cophasing and coherencing errors of up to six Unit Telescopes (UT) or Auxiliary Telescopes (AT) in real time. The most promising concepts are probably based on the utilization of Integrated Optics (IO) components, and were the scope of a Phase A study led by Observatoire de Grenoble (LAOG). Herein is described a tentative design built around a multi-axial IO chip whose fringes are dispersed downstream on a detector array, and a Chromatic Phase Diversity algorithm presented in another paper of this conference . We depict the foreseen opto-mechanical, detection and software implementations, and provide numerical results from a realistic simulation model in terms of group and phase delay measurement accuracy and limiting magnitudes in the K band. The ultimate performance of the method is discussed and compared with the original 2nd generation VLTI fringe tracker requirements.


The authors have developed a well-written and useful paper comparing 3 different methods for the calculation of the fatigue life of wind turbine blade pitch bearings. One general comment I have is that there is no discussion of the failure modes typically seen in this application; that is, do these bearings fail by subsurface fatigue? Are there any data sources or examples that might show this? If not, then this reviewer suggests


This letter considers the pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) representation of continuous phase modulation (CPM) with a ternary data alphabet. This technique is applied to the problem of constructing reduced-complexity detectors with near-optimum performance. The usefulness of this approach is demonstrated using the ternary CPM variant known as shaped-offset quadrature phase-shift keying (SOQPSK).


: In the article, the author's views were formed on the basis of studying the research of foreign researchers who conducted research on the formation of clusters in the field of management of recreational activities. Analyzed the indicators of development of the recreational sphere of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2013-2019, determined forecast indicators of development of the sphere in 2020-2022, and proposed a mechanism for forming recreation cluster in our country. Proposed the ways of using Public-Private Partnership mechanism in the organization of the recreational services cluster, and developed recommendations on the optimization of the organization process and management of clusters.


Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a dynamic disease caused by a wide spectrum of pathogens and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is often made on the basis of clinical criteria and assessment of endotracheal aspirates. The use of quantitative endotracheal aspirates or bronchoalveolar lavage with or without protected specimen brush improves diagnostic specificity, may reduce antibiotic consumption, and may be associated with better outcomes. Choice of initial antibiotic therapy is often empiric, based on disease severity, patient risk factors, and the potential for infection with multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Based on clinical response and microbiologic results, antibiotics can be streamlined or discontinued if pneumonia is not present. Targeted prevention strategies are essential to reduce short- and long-term risks of pneumonia.


The brand-new small output radio equipment which is over than 800MHz has an all-in-one interior antenna. We suggested new measuring method and developed related equipment because all-in-one radio equipment's performance evaluation requests old way, which is measuring transmitter output and antenna capacity separately, to be changed. That is, origin of small radio equipments with the 360 degree field measured by measuring the TRP, and also 360 degree opposite reception level measured at the radio equipment by measuring the TIS to make a quantitative evaluation was to be. Furthermore, we made managing frequencies, all-in-one radio equipment's best design and capacity management efficiently by measuring the gain of an antenna mounted on a PCB, the circuit around the genetic material, conductive material on the effects of radiation or the reception level.


This experiments are performed to investigate the effect of ventilation velocity on a high pressure water mist fire suppression in subway train. The experiment is conducted in half scale modeled train of a steel-welled enclosure (8.0m*2.4m*2.1m). The ventilation velocity is controlled by the ventilation duct through an inverter in the range of 0 to 2 m/s. The coverage-radius and an injection angle of an high pressure water mist system are measured. The mist nozzle with 7-injection holes is operated with pressure 80 bar. The heptane pool fires are used. The fire extinguishment times and the temperatures are measured for the ventilation velocities. In conclusion, because the momentum of injected water mist is more dominant than that of ventilation air, the characteristics of water mist, the fire extinguishment times and the temperatures are affected very little by ventilation velocity.


These stars … these vast worlds which we can never reach. I would annex the planets if I could. Cecil Rhodes Let history know that in the ninetieth year of our habitation, the people adjacent to An...


A method of extrusion processing of freshly harvested grain of natural moisture content is presented. Application of this technique makes it possible to exclude such operations as drying, preprocessing, grain grinding and moisturizing prior to extrusion. The comparative analysis of the proposed and traditional methods demonstrates the possibility of reducing energy consumption by 37 % and labor costs by 39 % in the production of feedstuffs. It is shown that the feed obtained by the developed method has a higher dietary and nutritional value than the primary product.


Selective estrogen receptor modulators(SERMs) are structurally different compounds that interact with intracellular estrogen receptors in target organs as estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists.Tamoxifen is currently used to treat advanced breast cancer and also have beneficial effects on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.Raloxifene is the only SERM approved worldwide for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and vertebral fractures.However,SERMs may also be responsible for some potentially very serious adverse effects,such as thromboembolic disorders and,in the case of tamoxifen,uterine cancer.These adverse effects represent a major concern given that long-term therapy is required to prevent osteoporosis.Lasofoxifene,which is a new SERM molecule with potential greater efficacy and potency than previous SERMs,are currently under investigation for phase Ⅲ trials in the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.


In the article the understanding and variants of artistic interpretation of the ideal hero and ideal state are investigated, basing on the book "Aristonomiya" by Akunin-Chkhartishvili, his whole creative work along with the materials of the blog "Love of History" included. The article analyzes the nature of interrelations between the author's concept of "Aristonom" and the complex of national and religious issues.


Robust regression in statistics leads to challenging optimization problems. Here, we study one such problem, in which the objective is non-smooth, non-convex and expensive to calculate. We study the numerical performance of several derivative-free optimization algorithms with the aim of computing robust multivariate estimators. Our experiences demonstrate that the existing algorithms often fail to deliver optimal solutions. We introduce three new methods that use Powell's derivative-free algorithm. The proposed methods are reliable and can be used when processing very large data sets containing outliers.


The use of nucleoside analogues in anticancer and antiviral treatments is often impaired by the slow intracellular activation of these drugs. This problem can be addressed by the modulation of rate‐limiting enzymes in the activation pathways of the nucleoside analogues. Therapeutic strategies based on the combination of optimized activating enzymes and established nucleoside drugs promise significant improvements to traditional chemotherapy.


Since 1990, the standard statistical approach for studying state policy adoption has been an event history analysis using binary link models, such as logit or probit. In this article, we evaluate this logit-probit approach and consider some alternative strategies for state policy adoption research. In particular, we discuss the Cox model, which avoids the need to parameterize the baseline hazard function and, therefore, is often preferable to the logit-probit approach. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the Cox model can be modified to deal effectively with repeatable and competing events, events that the logit-probit approach cannot be used to model.


For all the remedies that have been proposed for cities in distress, what has yet to be proposed is to make a city disappear. This Article explores such a proposal. Specifically, the Article will entertain the idea that a combination of Chapter 9 bankruptcy and disincorporation can be used to address municipal insolvency.


Napoleon III, eager to certify Paris as the hub of civilization, staged two expositions internationales during his reign. They became the model for all subsequent transglobal exhibitions and world's fairs, vehicles for the fruitful interchange of arts and cultures (although often held on the eve of war). In April in Paris, Irena Makaryk turns her attention to the Paris Exposition des Arts Décoratifs in Paris in 1925. Beyond launching art deco as a modernist element of style, the exposition made current a wide array of discoveries and bright ideas in stagecraft. As the late Christopher Innes noted, modernist drama and theatre were, from their inception, international, anti-traditional, and artistically maximalist. Much of this, Makaryk would argue, was consolidated by the Expo Deco.


noteworthy; some of it is new, some, well known. He says that Tiny Alice is not really a difficult play; that The Man Who Had Three Arms is one of his best plays and that it is not about him; and that he does not write about himself, but through his own experience, and the work must transcend the experience that produced it. We have heard most of this before, but here is a remark that I find most evocative: "I like catching people in the middle of a laugh, and them realizing that it's not funny—or catching them in the middle of something awful, and realizing that you can laugh at it. I like doing that, I guess—since I do it so much" (239). For me, this is what makes Albee's best work so amazingly moving; to laugh at the slashing humor through most of Virginia Woolf and be confronted by the cathartic ending. That, to me, is theatre at its best.


Abstract Traffic in human oocytes has existed in the U.S. for only about a dozen years. More recently, however, an even more insidious trend has started to dominate: an urgent desire by scientists to obtain ova for human cloning and experimentation. Offers to purchase or sell "eggs" for $3,000 to $7,000 are now becoming relatively routine where such traffic is permitted by law. These trends are now arriving in Louisiana


The concept of colonization in education has multiple characterizations and is related to many teaching fields and theoreticians. It is commonly related to how teachers are colonizers of students' minds with knowledge and how, sometimes, teachers are not aware of this responsibility. This article presents some reflections about decolonization processes underlying structured education and discusses the need to create teacher awareness and understanding of decolonizing practices and, in time, to spread it to other members of the academic community. The article presents a reflection process in five stages, based on different authors and the reflection from the discussion between this article's authors.


The thickness dependence of the Curie temperature for the ultra-thin ferromagnetic films ranging in thickness from 4 to 7 monolayers has been calculated by considering the effects of the bound condition on the state and configuration of the electron and consequently on the exchange couplings between spins. The results show that the Curie temperature decreases with the reduction of the film's thickness. This confirms the general theoretical expectation from the microscopic point of view and explains the recent experimental results.


The human gastrointestinal tract (GI-tract) is heavily colonized by a multitude of microbes, collectively called the microbiota. The microbiota provide us with metabolic capabilities not encoded in the human genome, e.g. the ability to utilize energy stored in dietary polysaccharides otherwise indigestible to us. Our microbiota also protects us against pathogens by competing for nutrients and binding sites within the GI-tract. Furthermore, given that cells of the GI-tract microbiota outnumber those of the host by ten-fold, this microbial ecosystem can be viewed as 'an organ in an organ'. The GI-tract microbiota has been a subject of intensive research during the last years, and its importance in health and disease is only starting to be realized because of recent breakthrough observations linking the human microbiota composition with major human diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. As the knowledge about the GI-tract microbiota composition and its impact on host health begins to accumulate, undoubtedly much of the research focus will shift from the systems level toward individual species and molecules. Consequently, there will be an increasing need for reductionist/functional proteomic approaches to identify and characterize the various 'molecular players' being utilized by different bacteria during their attachment to the intestinal epithelium of both healthy and diseased hosts. In this review we will highlight our recent findings about mucus adhesion mechanisms of the paradigm probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.


Serum half‐lives for antipyrine were normal or shorter than normal in 19 subjects between 7 and 23 yr of age with β‐thalassemia major. The mean antipyrine serum half life (±SE) for the group as a whole was 8.5 ± 0.6 hr. The mean antipyrine half‐lives (t½) for the younger subjects were within the range reported for normal children, while the mean t½ for the older males approached the values reported for normal adult males. The mean t½ for the older females was shorter than has been reported for normal adult females. The mean apparent volume of distribution for antipyrine (±SE) in the subjects with thalassemia was 0.69 ± 0.01 L/kg. Thus, total body water appears to be increased in thalassemia. The mean metabolic clearance rate for antipyrine (±SE) in the group as a whole (1.07 ± 0.08 ml/min/kg) is substantially higher than the metabolic clearance rates for antipyrine reported in normal adults. Thus, the relatively short t½s of antipyrine in subjects with thalassemia are attributable to rapid rates of clearance of the drug. The data indicate that antipyrine clearance is unimpaired in patients with thalassemia despite evidence of liver damage and iron overload. Our study supports the proposition that hepatic microsomal hemoprotein synthesis is not adversely affected in homozygous β‐thalassemia.


The activity concentrations of Natural Radionuclides 238U. 232Th and 40K in groundwater samples were measured using a Gamma Spectrometry with High Purity Germanium detector. Also. Radiological Hazard due to these Natural Radionuclides through water ingestion is investigated. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K in water samples from boreholes were found to be 0.36 ± 0.07 Bq.L-1. 0.50 ±0.09 Bq.L-1 and 5.32 ± 0.76 Bq.L-1 respectively.  The average Annual Committed Effective Dose was 0.16 ± 0.02 mSv. The  results obtained are below the recommended levels of 10.0 Bq.L-1   and 1.0 Bq.L-1  for 238U and 232Th  respectively for drinking water quality established by the WHO and 1 mSv per year dose limit recommended by the ICRP for public radiation exposure. These results indicate insignificant radiological hazard due to ingestion of NORMS in drinking water from boreholes by the communities in this area.


The objectives of the research are to find out whether : 1) the differences of students' mathematical self-efficacy between students taught by GeoGebra guided discovery learning and students taught by guided discovery learning and 2) the interaction between learning approach and schemata in increasing students' self-efficacy. This research was used quai eksperimental design, then grade VII students' of state junior high school SMPN 22 Medan were selected as the sample of the reserach. The findings of the research showed that students' self efficacy with GeoGebra guided discovery learning is different with students' self efficacy with guided discovery learning, and there is no interaction between learning approach and students' schemata in increasing students' mathematical self efficacy. Keywords: Mathematical Self-Efficacy, GeoGebra guided discovery learning


The utility model discloses an auxiliary tool for coating an oil tank cover. The auxiliary tool for coating the oil tank cover comprises a connection part and a fixing part. The connection part is used for being connected with a technology hole beside an oil tank mouth. The fixing part which extends out of the oil tank mouth is arranged on the connection part and used for abutting against the tank cover of a car body so that the tank cover opens outwards in a small angle. The fixing part is connected with the tank cover in matched mode so that the tank cover is maintained open in the small angle. By arranging the fixing part, the tank cover is supported to be open in the small angle and fixed so that the tank cover is constantly kept open in the small angle. Thus, the problems of a bumped paint film, deformation due to squeezing and the like are avoided.


Objective:Discuss the theraph effeet of psychology intervention to the rehabilitation schizophrenic patients.metheds:Divide the sixty patients into test groups and control groups at random.The two groups were given quantification evaluation by the BPRS and ADL before and after intorvention.Results:The text groups of much lower than the control guoups after 8 weeks.Conclusion:cany out the rehabilitation schizophrenic pationts inprove the level of the rehabilitation and quality of life.


Splenic dysfunction is a significant complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a proven cure for SCD; however, its long‐term effect on splenic function is not well characterized.


For the use in flexible, printable, wearable electronics, Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors (SB-FETs) having various channel materials including low-dimensional nano-materials have been considered so far due to their comparatively simple and cost-effective integration scheme free of junction- and channel-dopants. However, the electric conduction mechanism and their scaling properties underlying their performance differ significantly to that of conventional MOS field-effect transistors. Indeed, an understanding of channel length scaling and drain bias impact has not been elucidated sufficiently. Here, multiple ambipolar SB-FETs with different channel length have been fabricated on a single silicon nanowire ensuring a constant nanowire diameter. Their length scaling behavior is analyzed through drain current and transconductance contour maps each depending on the drain and gate bias. The reduced gate control and extended drain field effect on Schottky junctions were observed in short channels. Activation energy measurement showed lower sensitive behavior of the Schottky barrier to gate bias in short-channel device, and confirmed the thinning of Schottky barrier width for electrons at source interface with drain bias.


The remote control system of the pellet injector, which is used on the HT-7 Tokamak, is described in detail such as hardware system, control interface and the software system. The hardware system includes the present controller analog input card and digit output card etc.The control interface of every unit in the present control system is introduced. The control software, which is based on PC and Windows98 operating system, is programmed with Borland Delphi4.0 development kit. And the experimental result of pellet injection into the plasma of HT-7 Tokamak is the provided.


The osmosedimentation process is an example of spatiotemporal patterns formation in system driven away from equilibrium, a subject of great interest nowadays.


Root-knot nematodes are globally considered one of the most common phytonematodes infecting tomato crops. In this current study, treatments were designed to enhancing the tomato plant resistance against Meloidogyne incognita , this investigation was conducted by different treatments to reduce root-knot harmful effect on tomato plants. Tomato plants were treated with antioxidants i.e ., Selenium (Se) at the concentration of 25 ppm, Vitamin C (VC) at the concentration of 50 ppm and Vitamin E (VE) at the concentration of 50 ppm by irrigation and treated with nematicide Oxineem 24% SL which was added at the rate of 4 L/Fed application method. Generally, the results indicated that treatments of antioxidants showed a significant response in suppression of root-knot nematode. The optimum antioxidant treatment was when irrigating tomato plants with Selenium at 25 ppm 8, 15, 30 and 45 days after inoculation, which decreased all parameters of root-knot nematode compared with control. This positively reflected on the plant health through induction of defense related components. The nematicide Oxineem 24% SL gave the highest reduction in nematode population compared with control. All of treatments were significantly effective in increasing enzyme activities i.e. , Catalase, Peroxidase and Polyphenoloxidase which are responsible for defense mechanisms of infected tomato plants. Antioxidative treatments with the used concentrations have a great influencing effect on all growth parameters of tomato plants. Histological modifications in tomato plant roots infected with M. incognita treated with different chemical inducers poorly formed giant cells in the central cylinder were detected in the stellar region with limited hypertrophy or hyperplasia contained less or free of cytoplasm, fewer numbers of nuclei, vacuolated in most instances, and were smaller than those of untreated infected roots.


at night, forcing him to sit in a chair in order to go to sleep. No antecedent history of trauma was reported. Tingling over the involved area and difficulty in walking began few weeks prior to admission. He had some difficulty in emptying his bladder but no urinary or bowel incontinence. The boy was in acute pain and discomfort on admission. There was marked paravertebral spasm, loss of lumbar lordosis, and tenderness on percussion of lumbar spinous processes. Range of motion of vertebral column was markedly diminished and painful. There was flaccid weakness of distal muscles of lower limbs, more on the left than on the right. Knee and ankle jerks were absent bilaterally. There also was hypoalgesia from L4 downward on the left, and over the lower spine bilaterally. Straight leg raising was limited to 10° bilaterally. Laboratory tests including chest x-ray were unremarkable. Lumbosacral spine x-rays were negative except for mild generalized decalcification of bony structures. Several attempts to enter the spinal subarachnoid space disclosed no C.S.F. but dark blood.