The effect of egg age and storage temperature and duration on the percentage of hatch and time to 50% hatch for eggs of Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, southern corn rootworm, was determined by exposing 1-, 3-, and 5-d-old eggs at 6 temperatures from 0 to 15°C for durations of 1-6 wk. Egg age, storage temperature, storage duration, and their interactions had a significant influence on percentage of egg hatch and time to 50% hatch. Regression models were developed to allow prediction of percentage of hatch and time to 50% hatch. Eighteen treatment combinations maintained egg viability >94%. Percentage of hatch and time to 50% hatch were optimized with 1-d-old eggs incubated at 15°C for 3 wk.


In this paper, we give answers to two open problems concerning Gauss Compound mean posed in the paper: [ZH. H. YANG, A New Proof of Inequalities for Gauss Compound Mean, Int. Journal of Math. Analysis, Vol. 4, (2010), no. 21, 1013–1018.] One of the problems is equivalent to the Vamanamurthy problem.


The subject involves a discussion of the Renaissance and Humanism as preliminary and preparatory to the Reformation. Only brief mention can be made of some of the chief tendencies which were the forerunners of these two great movements-"the antagonism to the scholastic alliance of theology and philosophy," and the teaching of the heretical sects, mysticism, and nationalism. Such tendencies developed a spirit of reflection and criticism which developed a revolt against the "coercion of ecclesiastical authority" and organization and led to the lampooning of the abuses of the Church and of the clergy. With the weakening of the authority of the Church, reason, which was conceived to be the one only guide of life and the supreme arbiter of all questions, sought to displace authority. Individuals began to assert their intellectual independence of the Church and to appeal to the Bible and to conscience as providing standards of life and practice. But when the mind, trained to think in terms of mediaeval subserviency, sought to throw off its ecclesiastical yoke and longed for new ideas, policies, and systems of thought, it was not at first sufficiently constructive to enable


Discussed the experience that Jiaozuo city solved the crisis of coal mine exhausting to realize changing city economic structural type successfully, built relative mathematic mode. Taked as an example, on its mine closure and crisis of economic development, two mathematical methods were used in combining way to analyze and calculate. Firstly the conditions of its industrial structure were analyzed to find out the direction to adjustment by shift-share method. Using the theory of linear programming optimization, the optimization model of economic transition programming for Jiaozuo was established.


have thus in one volume both a philosophical treatise and an economics text. The reviewer is obliged to admit that he found the -philosophical portions the more interesting. The economics of the volume is narrowly and dogmatically &dquo;Austrian.&dquo; There is something a little inconsistent in von Mises' simultaneous attacks upon &dquo;panphysicalism&dquo; and &dquo;mechanism&dquo; and his very mechanical, unilateral approach to the business cycle. The reviewer would agree that von Mises does give one possible explanation of a boom and crisis. But there are scores of others of equal potential validity. A depression-like a broken leg-has many possible sources. Perhaps the basic defect of the book is indicated by its fundamental terminology. If &dquo;praexology&dquo; is too broad, &dquo;catallactics&dquo; is too narrow. I have a feeling that von Mises shoots all around the problem but does not quite face it. His narrowly monetary theory of the cycle prevents him from fully diagnosing the unstable factors inevitably involved in growth. Modern urban man, as I see it, is peculiarly vulnerable to economic insecurity and naturally reaches for some mitigation of industrial fluctuations. Insofar as von


Introduction:Multiple wasp stings is an emergency result from systemic reactions to the toxin with a wide range of manifestations, and we presented 2 patients with distinct clinical and transcriptomic findings. Patient concerns: Two patients without systemic disease presented with nearly 90 painful papules after attacked by a swarm of wasps (Vespa basalis). Diagnosis: Patient 1 was a 44-year-old healthy male whose clinical manifestations mainly comprised hemolysis, hepatic injury, rhabdomyolysis, and acute kidney injury. Patient 2 was a 49-year-old healthy female who presented with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in addition to certain clinical manifestations that were also found in patient 1. We used ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq) to characterize the inflammatory responses of 2 patients with distinct clinical manifestations after multiple wasp stings. Interventions:Both 2 patients received 5 sessions of plasmapheresis, and patient-1 further received mechanical ventilation for 8 days as well as 8 sessions of hemodialysis until day 17. Outcomes: Both patients recovered uneventfully after the aforementioned management. We used RNA-Seq to demonstrate a largely regulated neutrophil-predominated immune response in patient 1. In patient 2, we found a profound neutrophilc response on week 1 and a robust neutrophilic as well as pro-inflammatory responses on week 2. Furthermore, we found increased expression of signals that were associated with renal system process on week 2. Conclusion: In conclusion, we report 2 patients who manifested with shared and distinct presentations after an attack by the same swarm of wasps. Both patients had hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis, hepatic injury and acute kidney injury, and 1 patient had ARDS. The whole transcriptomic analyses were consistent with the distinct clinical manifestation, and these results suggest the potential of RNA-Sequencing to disentangle complex inflammatory responses in patients with multiple wasp stings. Plasmapheresis and corticosteroid were administered to both patients and case 2 also underwent 8 sessions of hemodialysis. Abbreviations: AIN = acute interstitial nephritis, AKI = acute kidney injury, ALT = alanine aminotransferase, ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, ATN = acute tubular necrosis, CK = creatine kinase, Cr = creatinine, CRRT= continuous renal replacement therapy, CVVH= continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, CXR= chest X-ray, ECG = electrocardiogram, Hb= hemoglobin, HD= hemodialysis, IHD= intermittent hemodialysis, LDH= lactate dehydrogenase, PEEP= Editor: Maya Saranathan. The authors did not receive funds associated with this study. Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. The authors have no conflicts of interests to disclose. All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files]. a Department of Internal Medicine, b Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, c Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, d Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, e Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, f Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, g School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, h Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, i Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, j Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, k Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, l Department of Computer Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan. ∗ Correspondence: Wen-Cheng Chao, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard, Sect. 4, Taichung 40705, Taiwan (e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com). Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. How to cite this article: Ou WF, Huang WH, Chiu HF, Mao YC, Wen MC, Chen CH, Hung SJ, Wu MJ, Wu CL, Chao WC. Clinical manifestation of multiple wasp stings with details of whole transcriptome analysis: two case reports. Medicine 2021;100:4(e24492). Received: 5 November 2020 / Received in final form: 28 December 2020 / Accepted: 7 January 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000024492


In my publication of this material in JHS LX 2-21, I stated that no East Greek pottery had been found of a date later than about 600 B.C. (certain fragments of 'Rhodian' B from levels 5-7), and that this left a gap in the Greek contacts of the site, since the next appearance was the Attic of level 4, the earliest piece of which is dated by Professor Beazley (JHS LIX 1) to about 525 B.C. Sir Leonard Woolley, discussing this gap in JHS LVIII 20 ff., concluded that it was accidental and did not imply that relations had actually ceased during that time. Mr. Sidney Smith, in a most interesting article in the Antiquaries' Journal, XXII, 87 ff., contended that the absence of finds was no accident but represented a real break. While working recently over some of the unpublished fragments, I found one which does something to support Sir Leonard Woolley's view.


The traditional archeological data recovery method utilizes 1-meter units and screens all matrix through 1⁄4 inch mesh. Modern excavation techniques have begun to incorporate available GIS and survey technology to increase the amount of area surveyed while maintaining more precise provenience information in an effort to interpret communitywide spatial patterns. Typical clustering assessments rely heavily on visual interpretation of point data. However, the level of precision inherent to these datasets enables the quantification and delineation of nonrandom artifact distribution clusters through more statistical means. Flaking debris data from five piece-plotted archeological excavations was compiled to establish sampling accuracy as it pertains to this non-traditional excavation method. Flaking debris from archeological site 13DB497 was selected for indepth analysis. Statistical procedures were employed to demonstrate both the clustered nature of the distribution as well as to delineate 5 primary clusters. Further interpretations were then conducted to illustrate a potentially significant cultural variation between the 5 clusters and the remaining portion of the excavation. Archeological Excavation Methodology Generally speaking, a traditional archeological mitigation is conducted in one meter units arranged in a fashion sufficient for sampling a defined site area. Typically, units are arranged in a contiguous fashion to form a "trench" or a "block". Their location is generally based on preliminary and/or exploratory test units in an effort to sample the most artifact-laden portion(s) of a site. Each of these units is excavated in levels (e.g. 10 cm) with all associated soil matrix being screened through 1⁄4-inch mesh and recovered artifacts bagged with the Figure 1. Hypothetical Layout of a traditional


After the success of completely controlled propagation in Chinese sturgeon( Acipenser sinensis),it is necessary to find out the possible behavior variation between wild group and second generation. We combined individual test and population test in 3 different experiments: test of substrate color preference,illumination intensity preference and the optimum illumination. The results showed that both 5-month and 7-month juvenile F2 A. sinensis significantly chose white substrate( 95% Confidence interval of preference on white substrate does not contain 50%). 5-month juvenile F2 A. sinensis individuals significantly chose illuminated area( 200-250 lx)( P 0. 05),while 7-month ones significantly chose transition area( 20-50lx)( P 0. 05). Both 5-month and 7-month juvenile F2 A. sinensis populations preferred transition area( 20-50 lx)( P 0. 05) in population test. The different choice of illumination intensity preference between individuals and population in 5-month F2 A. sinensis may be related to 'signal-adaptation hypothesis' and the optimum illumination range. 5-month juvenile F2 A. sinensis significantly chose illumination area of 45-135 lx( P 0. 05); 7-month juvenile F2 A. sinensis significantly chose illumination area of 23-202 lx( P 0. 05). It meant that with the increasing age,F2 A. sinensis strengthened its adaptability to illumination. From all above,both 5-month and 7-month juvenile F2 A. sinensis preferred white substrate,and the optimum illumination range was 20-200 lx. Compared with the existing wild juveniles data,their phototaxis has already declined.


Reinforced concrete bridge columns can be subjected to a series of earthquake excitations as well as axial loads. Transverse reinforcement bars are used in the plastic hinge zone of columns to ensure ductile behavior. Fabrication and placement of those bars in columns is difficult and labor-intensive. Moreover columns with rectangular cross-section require cross-ties and/or overlapping ties in addition to the perimeter ties in order to provide adequate confinement and prevent bar buckling. To solve these problems, the confinement method using interlocking reinforcement is proposed for the transverse confinement of columns of the oblong cross-section. The experimental study for oblong cross-section was carried out by the column test in weak axis and strong axis. The column specimens had 3 types of transverse steel details, such as interlocking spirals(IS), interlocking circular hoop ties(IC), and rectangular ties(RT). The oblong columns with interlocking spirals and with interlocking circular hoop ties showed better seismic performance than the rectangular columns with hoops and cross-ties. Interlocking circular hoop ties, which use the same circular hoop ties as the circular cross-section, considerably reduce the amount of transverse reinforcement than the rectangular ties by about 50%. Connection of rebars can also be simplified. It can be the alternative for oblong section with improved workability and cost-efficiency.


Non-symmetric vacuum magnetic fields with closed magnetic field lines are of interest in the construction of stellarator equilibria. Beyond the result of D.Lortz (ZAMP \textbf{21}, 196 (1970)), few results are available. This work presents a closed-form expression for a class of vacuum magnetic fields in a topological torus with closed field lines. We explicitly obtain the invariants of such a field. We finally show that a three-dimensional low beta magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium may be constructed in a topological torus starting with these closed line vacuum magnetic fields.


The metabolic syndromes are constellation of major risk factor for high fasting tri-aceylglycerols, obesity, low level of HDL cholesterol, higher fasting plasma insulin, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance. A rat model of maternal diet was used to observe this relationship. This study investigated the metabolic syndrome development in relation to low birth weight. In this study 4 pairs of rats was used and was divided into 2 groups each consisting of 2 pairs as G1 normal and G2 was taken from animal lab of national institute of food science and technology. Control group was fed standard diet. Experimental group was fed 50% low diet as compared to control group during child bearing and lactation period. Offspring of rats was introduced solid diet and then reviewed at 20 day and 40 day of age respectively. The mother body weight and feed intake was measured daily. The overall mean body weight of mothers was significantly increased in control and decreased in experimental group. The control dam's offspring body weight significantly higher than experimental dam's offspring till weaning, however low birth weight offspring of rats show catch-up growth after weaning or 20 days. Serum glucose, cholesterol level of low birth weight offspring of rat's was higher than normal weight offspring.


Herbaceous perennial plants reproduce by seeds and asexually by means of vegetative organs. Plants from habitat that are unfavorable to seedling establishment tend to rely largely on vegetative reproduction (Sculthorpe, 1967; Fenner and Thompson, 2005). Asexual reproduction is the dominant form of reproduction for wetland plants, i.e. by shoot fragments (Ceratophyllum), turions (Utricularia), inflorescence plantlets (Echinodorus), runners or stolons (Cryptocoryne), rhizomes (Typha), stem tubers (Sagittaria), root tubers (Nymphoides) and corm (Aponogeton) (Sculthorpe, 1967; Cronk and Fennessy, 2001). Neptunia oleracea Lourerio (daun tangki), although less common as a vegetable, is cultivated in inundated fields or canals (Edwards, 1980; Paisooksantivatana, 1994). It is harvested at three to four weeks after planting and 250 shoots are gathered into a bunch for trading in local market. About 30,000 – 50,000 shoots can be harvested in each harvest in one ha area (Paisooksantivatana, 1994). The sexual reproduction of N. oleracea is initiated when the seeds are released by opening of two sutures from the dry pod and dropped off to the wet ground followed by germination (Windler, 1966; Cook, 1996; Cronk and Fennessy, 2001). This species also generates new plants through auxiliary buds and lenticels at stem (Paisooksantivatana, 1994; Holtum and Ivan, 2002; DPI, 2009). However, in Sarawak, Malaysia, N. oleracea is only gathered from wild and offered for sale in local markets as a leafy vegetable (Voon et al., 1990; Suzalina Akma, 2008; Dayangku Alifah, 2009; Mohd Syahrul, 2009; Muhd Arif, 2009). This study was conducted to evaluate the propagation methods for culturing this potential vegetable using the different forms of plant materials, by seedling and stem cutting. The study was also conducted to evaluate the yield of N. oleracea as well as harvesting period per cycle propagation.


More recent clinical trials have evaluated the potential benefits of low molecular weight heparin therapy in prolonging survival in patients with solid tumour malignancy. The Fragmin Advance Malignancy Outcome Study (FAMOUS) randomised 385 patients to receive the low molecular weight heparin dalteparin sodium (5000 units once daily) or normal saline placebo injections for up to 1 year. Patients in this trial had advanced disease (locally advanced or disseminated). The primary endpoint of this study was mortality one year after randomisation. 46% of dalteparin patients compared to 41% of placebo group patients were alive at 1 year (p=n.s). In a post-hoc sub-group analysis of good prognosis patients (n=102) dalteparin administration was associated with an increase of median survival from 24 months in the placebo group to 43 months in the dalteparin group.


The weakly nonlinear propagation of a pulsed sound beam generated by a real sound source in a homogeneous fluid is considered. The investigation is based on the weakly nonlinear approximation of the Khokhlov–Zabolotskaya–Kuznetsov nonlinear parabolic equation. It is discussed how diffraction and absorption alter the pulse. Analytical and numerical solutions are presented, and the validity of older models on the self‐demodulation of a pulsed signal is discussed.


In the numerous observations made in recent years on the chemical changes which set in after death in muscle, little attention has been paid to those which occur in mammalian muscle during the first few minutes after the cessation of blood flow. The increase which occurs in free phosphorus after two hours incubation of muscle juice or chopped muscle, and from which the so-called lactacidogen is calculated, has not been clearly linked up with the changes which take place in glycogen, lactic acid and free sugar. In the theories of Meyerhof, 1 A. V. Hill, 2 and their co-workers, 3 with regard to muscular contraction, it is considered that lactic acid is very rapidly formed from glycogen. But this cannot occur directly; there must be some intermediate carbohydrate, and it was to obtain evidence of this that present investigation was undertaken. That such a substance may be formed in muscle during the action of insulin is suggested by various observers. 4 The muscles were rapidly dissected from one hind limb of a rabbit immediately after stunning, and frozen to a brittle mass with liquid air. After thorough pulverization in an iron mortar, quantities of from 3 to 5 gm. each of the powdered muscle were placed in weighed vacuum tubes. After all the tubes had again been weighed, equal volumes of 0.9 per cent NaCl solution were added to each, and they were evacuated and well shaken at room temperature. At intervals of 3 to 5 minutes tubes were then taken for the determination of glycogen, free sugar, total carbohydrate, free phosphorus and lactic acid. The results of a typical experiment are shown in curve form. The free sugar in this particular experiment was that found in the Schenck filtrate, but the results are the same in numerous others in which the sugar was dissolved out from the muscle by 80 per cent alcohol.


In the present work, diesel-biodiesel-ethanol (DBE) and diesel-biodiesel-diethyl ether (DBD) fuels are tested with normal diesel engine and the diesel engine coated with the layers of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) of 0.3 mm and yttria-stabilized zirconia of 0.2 mm. The various performance and emission parameters are analyzed and determined. The experimental work was carried out in a single cylinder water cooled engine coupled with eddy current dynamometer. The AVL make five gas analyzer and smoke meter were used to measure the different exhaust pollutants. The result shows that the brake thermal efficiency of coated engine is more than that of base diesel at high loads. The thermal barrier coated engine using fuel as diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol (TDBE) produces the lowest carbon monoxide (CO) emissions among all the fuels that are selected. In addition, it produces the lowest carbon dioxide (CO2) at higher loads. Both the thermal barrier coated engine using fuel as diesel, biodiesel, and diethyl ether (TDBD) a...


ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Research Note Received 07 September 2016 Accepted 19 September 2016 Available Online 22 October 2016 By using the initial estimation of CO concentration in enclosed parking lots, the designer could design a ventilation system with assurance of producing good air quality. In this paper, the practical correlation of CO increasing due to cars and time in enclosed parking lots is proposed. The proposed model is represents the variation of CO concentration in parking lot according to functional parameters. In addition to air flow ventilation, the effect of CO removal effectiveness on the air quality of enclosed parking lots is expressed in the proposed relation.


Memorization techniques are of primary importance in education. Two relevant and extensively used techniques are the Concept maps and the method of loci. Both methods are based on the visualization of information, which helps memorization and retrieval. For these reasons, they are also considered inclusive learning tools for people with Specific Learning Disability. Augmented Reality is a technology that has gained popularity in many sectors, from industry to the medical one, for its effectiveness in visualizing graphical items on top of real contexts. The paper demonstrates that Augmented Reality can also be beneficial for representing and interacting with Concept maps in a 3D virtual space that is linked to the real world. Specifically, the authors developed an Augmented Reality application in which the key features of both the Concept maps (such as visual-spatial logic and concepts organization) and of the method of loci are integrated with those of Augmented Reality technologies to improve the learning process and the retrieval of information.


Neurons are highly polarized cells continuously relying on intracellular transport, through which they communicate with the external world. Among the somatodendritic and axonal compartments many proteins with different functions are sorted to reach long distances. The relevance of neuronal transport in ensuring cell development and homeostasis maintenance raises a big interest on this topic. Moreover, several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, exhibit significant axonal pathology, where transport impairment seems to have a crucial influence. However, the role of this process in neurodegeneration, remains poorly understood. In this study we aim to characterize neuronal transport dynamics of specific proteins, and the molecular machinery regulating this process. Furthermore, we aim to explore transport from the pathological point of view, evaluating the effect that mutant proteins (e.g. TDP43‐related) may have on it.


.......................................................................................................................... viii List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used ....................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation............................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Thesis Objective .......................................................................................... 2 1.2 Study Species and Area ...................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 Calanus finmarchicus ................................................................................. 4 1.2.2 Northwest Atlantic: Newfoundland and Labrador ...................................... 5 1.3 Stage Durations ................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 Defining and Determining a Stage Duration............................................... 7 1.3.2 Empirical Relationships for C. finmarchicus Stage Durations ................... 8 1.3.3 Inherent Individual Variability and Stage Duration Distributions .............. 9 1.3.4 Issues with Estimating Stage Durations using Empirical Relationships .. 10 1.3.5 Survivorship .............................................................................................. 11 1.4 Mortality ............................................................................................................ 12 1.4.1 Importance of Mortality ............................................................................ 12 1.4.2 Mortality Rate Estimation using the Ratio Method .................................. 13 1.4.3 Violations of the Ratio Method ................................................................. 14 1.5 Simulating Population Dynamics .................................................................... 15 1.5.1 Individual-Based Models (IBM) ............................................................... 15 1.5.2 Physical Ocean Models ............................................................................. 16 1.6 Organization of Thesis...................................................................................... 17 Chapter 2: Mortality Estimation .............................................................................. 19 2.1 General ............................................................................................................... 19 2.2 Methods.............................................................................................................. 20 2.2.1 Data ........................................................................................................... 20


In this paper proposes a novel clustering algorithm for energy efficient routing based on a cluster head selection. To extend the lifetime of networks and it improves node energy efficiency, balances energy consumption of all sensor nodes, increases dependability of data transmission and remits network lifetime in comparison of existing clustering protocol. Furthermore, the protocol increases the balance of energy dissipation, quantifiability and dependability of WSN.


Porous pillared bilayer open coordination polymer {[Cd(bpp)2(O3SFcSO3)]·(CH3OH)2 ·(H2O)6}n 1 (Fc = ferrocene) and 3D porous coordination polymer {[Cd(bpy)2(O3SFcSO3)]·(CH3OH)4}n 2 have been assembled from Cd(NO3)2, ferrocene-1,1′-disulfonate, and bridging ligands 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (bpp) or 4,4′-bipyridine (bpy). Both of them show very special adsorption properties to copper salts. Along with the increase in the solution concentration of Cu(NO3)2, the percentage of adsorbed copper ions falls, but the percentage of exchanged central cadmium ions and the amount of adsorbed copper ions rises. In dilute solution, there mainly exists metal ion sorption, whereas both ion sorption and exchange are in charge of the whole progress in strong solution. Meanwhile, such materials could be used as ideal metal ion adsorbent toward some other metal cations, including of Pb2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+. However, when all these metal ions coexist in a mixture solution, the two ferrocenyl complexes selectively adsorb la...


................................................................................................................................ ii PREFACE ................................................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................... x LIST OF BOXES ....................................................................................................................... xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... xii DEDICATION .......................................................................................................................... xiv CHAPTER


Feature selection technology can improve the modeling accuracy and reduce model's complexity, especially for the high dimensional spectral data. Aim at this problem, feature selection approach based on mutual information (MI) and partial least square (PLS) is proposed in this paper. MI values between features and responsible variable are calculated, and the threshold value using to select final features is optimal selected based on PLS algorithm. The numbers of the latent values of the PLS and the threshold value of MI are selected according the modeling performance simultaneously. The experimental results based on the near-infrared spectrum show that the proposed approach has better performance.


inreporting cancer end results has been a source of worry to clinicians and research work ers seeking to evaluate therapy from published reports. In order to overcome thisdifficulty, heJointCommitteeon Reporting Cancer End Results was established to recommend rules and forms aimed at eliminating the major causes of confusion. The Committee was composed of representatives of the American College of Surgeons, the College of American Pathologists, the American College of Radiology and the American Cancer Society with the addition of one member-at-large from the National Cancer lnstitute. The fol lowing report was adopted by the Com mittee. The purpose of any statistical analy sis is to obtain reliable answers to cer tain specific questions. Therefore, the analytic method of choice depends upon the nature of the questions as well as upon the data available and it is frequently necessary to employ several different methods in order to answer various questions. For this reason, no one method of analyzing cancer end re sults can be recommended as a solution to all the problems which may arise. Nevertheless it is possible to outline certain basic principles and to suggest a simple standard type of analysis ap plicable to most sets of data on this subject. More detailed supplementary analyses would then depend upon the exact problem which the investigator seeks to elucidate. The following are among the most common of the numerous reasons for reporting cancer end results: 1) Comparison of the effectiveness of alternative methods of treatment a) in achieving permanent cures, b) in extending the life of the pa tient whether or not permanent cures are achieved, c) in recurrent cases of cancer, d) in the relief of suffering in incurable cases of can cer. 2) Analysis of the influence on the course of the disease of such factors as a) histologic type, b) size and extent of the lesion, c) evidence of metastasis, d) duration of symp toms, e) age and condition of pa tient. While there are various perfectly correct methods by which these com parisons may be made, it is obvious that two different series of cases can be compared only if the same method of analysis is used for both. For example, the effectiveness of a certain treatment used by one doctor can be compared with the effectiveness of an alternative method of treatment used by another doctor only if the end results are pre sented in exactly the same way. Thus a standardized method of reporting is es sential when the purpose of reporting is to make such comparison possible. This in no way limits the freedom of the investigator to make additional analyses by other or more detailed methods when desirable. A great deal of confusion exists in the reporting of cancer end results. Widely different cure rates are pub lished for what appears to be the same type of cancer and it is frequently im possible to tell whether the differences are due to variation in the method of treatment or whether they are due to variations in the method of reporting end results. The principal reasons for this confusion seem to be: a) Selection of cases. The result of therapy depends in no small meas ure upon the condition of the pa tient at the time the treatment is initiated and there are great varia tions in the type of patients coming to the attention of different doctors. For example, some doctors see a


Specialized arthropods and more than 2500 plant species biosynthesize hydroxynitriles and release hydrogen cyanide as a defensive mechanism. The millipede Chamberlinius hualienensis accumulates (R)‐mandelonitrile as a cyanide precursor. Although biosynthesis of hydroxynitriles in cyanogenic plants and in an insect are extensively studied, (R)‐mandelonitrile biosynthesis in cyanogenic millipedes has remained unclear. In this study, we identified the biosynthetic precursors of (R)‐mandelonitrile and an enzyme involved in (R)‐mandelonitrile biosynthesis. Using deuterium‐labelled compounds, we revealed that (E/Z)‐phenylacetaldoxime and phenylacetonitrile are the biosynthetic precursors of (R)‐mandelonitrile in the millipede as well as other cyanogenic organisms. To identify the enzymes involved in (R)‐mandelonitrile biosynthesis, 50 cDNAs encoding cytochrome P450s were cloned and coexpressed with yeast cytochrome P450 reductase in yeast, as cytochrome P450s are involved in the biosynthesis of hydroxynitriles in other cyanogenic organisms. Among the 50 cytochrome P450s from the millipede, CYP3201B1 produced (R)‐mandelonitrile from phenylacetonitrile but not from (E/Z)‐phenylacetaldoxime, whereas plant and insect cytochrome P450s catalysed the dehydration of aldoximes and hydroxylation of nitriles. CYP3201B1 is not phylogenetically related to cytochrome P450s from other cyanogenic organisms, indicating that hydroxynitrile biosynthetic cytochrome P450s have independently evolved in distant species. Our study will shed light on the evolution of cyanogenesis among plants, insects and millipedes.


The study about the implementation method of the Workflow Management System is significative.Workflow can not only specify the business process in one enterprise,but also reconstruct these business processes. Therefore, with these functions,workflow is more suited for the need and characters of the Management Information System.The Workflow Management System designed in this paper is only a kind of prototype system, which can simplify the development process of this Workflow Management System and reserve the main parts of this kind of system. The Workflow Management Prototype System could be perfect in the future and more complex function will be added into it,and in the end, this prototype system can be inducted into the designning of the Management Information System for the enterprises.


The South China Sea dispute is among the most volatile flashpoints in contemporary international relations. This study examines this dispute using the general morphological analysis (GMA) methodology employing eight factors of analysis. These produced 65,536 distinct outcomes in a cross-consistency matrix (CCM) which exist on a spectrum of plausibility. Three scenarios were chosen for foresight analysis which project contemporary trends into the near-to-mid-term future. After the analysis of hundreds of different combinations from the CCM which remained after auditing for analytical noise and plausibility this research found that much of the foresight produced scenarios which were similar to a 'dispute stagnation' scenario. This highlights the present realities of the dispute wherein all parties have entrenched into their political and physical positions with little alternative outside of direct confrontation, an outcome which though possible, is unappealing to claimants due to the secondary effects which it would bring.


This research was undertaken to determine the relationship of bromelain activity and total soluble solids in Smooth Cayenne type pineapple. The plot of bromelain activity and total soluble solids showed a negative slope, and the value of coefficient of determination (R2) for bromelain activity at different total soluble solids levels was 0.571 . The value of coefficient of determination (R2) at three total soluble solids ranges (8 11.0, 11.1 14.0 and 14.1 16.0 °Brix) were 0.000, 0.172 and 0.875 respectively. An inverse relationship appeared to exist between the bromelain activity and total soluble solids in pineapples, especially the R2 value for 14.1-16.0 °Brix was 0.875 . In other words, within this °Brix range, high total soluble solids exhibited low bromelain activity. ภาควิชาวิทยาศาสตรและเทคโนโลยีการอาหาร คณะอุตสาหกรรมเกษตร มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University


Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Pyranophanones and Pyrylophanium Compounds with Intraannular Substituents

The synthesis of [3.3]dithiapyranophanone 6 and 11 is accomplished by use of the two-components-dilution-principle. Pyrolysis of their bis(sulfones) 7 and 12 gives the [2.2]pyranophanones 8, 9 and 13. Under preservation of conformation the intraannular carbonyl-function is used for the synthesis of methylpyranophanoles 14, 16 and 17. The synthesis of pyrylophanium compounds 15 and 18 is possible by elimination in trifluoroacetic acid.

6 exhibits anti-conformation within its crystal-structure and like 7 reveals temperature-dependent behavior in solution. Using 6 as an example, a combination of 13C-NMR-spectroscopy, forcefield-calculation and computer-simulation is applied for the first time to give evidence for molecular-dynamic processes of cyclophanes.

8 and 9 are the syn- and anti-conformers of the desired product, as shown by X-ray structural analysis. 13 reveals anti-conformation within its crystal structure as well as in solution. The conformational analysis of other new phanes described here is based on the 1H-NMR-spectra of these pyrolysis products.

As expected the intraannular substituents of Pyrylophanium-lons 15 and 18 show the characteristic upfield-shift within their 1H-NMR-spectra.


Researchers examined the association between plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations and the incidence of HIV in injecting drug users. A prospective cohort study design was used. Participants were injecting drug users, with or without HIV, followed up every sixmonths between 1May 1996 and 30 June 2007. Cohort members were recruited from an inner city community in Vancouver, Canada, using the method of snowball sampling. In total, 622 injecting drug users with HIV and 1429 injecting drug users without HIV were recruited. The researchers reported that in the community of injecting drug users, a longitudinal measure of plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration was positively correlated with the HIV incidence rate, independently of unsafe sexual behaviours and sharing used syringes. It was concluded the results could help inform HIV prevention and treatment interventions. Which of the following statements, if any, are true? a) Snowball sampling constitutes probability sampling


The following presentation is the report of a case study of a very severe gas-explosion in the enduser's environment and deals with an explosion in a brick-stone residential building in Wilhelmsburg, a community in Lower Austria, on December 2, 1999, which resulted in total collapse of the building. The incident caused ten fatalities (nine within the building, one passing by). Only one inhabitant, a 17-year old girl, survived in a small hollow sphere of the rubble of ruins.


The Transitions Study was designed to establish a cohort of young people (12–25 years) seeking help for mental health problems, in order to longitudinally explore and refine a clinical staging model of the development and progression of mental disorders. This paper presents the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the cohort, particularly the nature and severity of psychopathology.


The article is based on the materials collected by the author (who was a project supervisor) during the sociological research in the Irkutsk and Transbaikal region, held in October-December 2014. The study was aimed at the exposing of the specificity and peculiar features of the functioning models of the local self-government in Irkutsk and Transbaikal region under the conditions of the reform of this social institute. The research also seeks to analyze occurring changes as well as to make the proposals and recommendations in order to render support for the development and consolidation of the local self-government in the regions.


Context: Athletes have routine activity programs, and better physical health is expected among them. There is limited information about the connection between athletes' injuries during sports activity and their future health status. Objectives: The prevalence of spine changes related to sports activities and what risk factors were associated with these events in athletes. Method: SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science were used for article searching. Results: Sports injuries in sports happen frequently. Our data is limited to introducing sports with the highest risk of injury. A history of sports injury, an intense training program, and years of sports activities are factors predicting injury. It has been seen that former top male athletes have more activity than age-matched control individuals. Conclusions: Spinal injury management in athletes needs a proper diagnosis, work-up, and complex rehabilitation plans; otherwise, it can lead to spinal complaints in the future. Rest, appropriate analgesia, and rehabilitation are the three main primary treatments. The usage of orthoses is not recommended for these injuries in general.


Numerous specimens of Polydora redeki Horst are recorded from the SW coast of Finland, from an area where the salinity is about 6 %. This is the northernmost locality known for this polychaete in the Baltic. Some features of the morphology, distribution and habitats of the species are discussed. Harmothoe (Antinoella) sarsi Kinberg and Ne- cardia: P. redeki Horst, P. ligerica Ferroniere reis (Hediste) diversicolor O. F. Muller are com- and P. polybranchia Haswell. P. polgbranchia mon on the S and SW coasts of Finland, whilst has branchiae on all anterior segments except the sedentary species are rarer. Terebellides segments 1 and 5. Besides, it is said to lack stroemi Sars (one somewhat doubtful specimen modified hook-like notosetae on the posterior so far in Finnish waters) (Wikstrom 1931) and segments (Fauvel 1927). P. ligerica is said to Pggospio elegans Claparede (Renfors 1933) were lack anterior branchiae on segments 1 and 5 found as late as 1931. Purasjoki (1946) redis- (and 6 ?). Whether it has modified setae on the covered the latter, which proved to be fairly posterior notopodia or not is doubtful (Fauvel common in some localities. Karling (1934) 1927). P. redeki lacks anterior branchiae on


A. CONCRETE ADHESIVE COMPRISING A MULTI-COMPONENT MIXTURE COMPRISING THE MICROSILICE, PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND CONCRETE MANUFACTURED WITH THIS ADDITIVE. B. MULTI-COMPONENT ADDITIVE, CONSISTING OF SILICA POWDER HAVING IS STABILIZED BY ONE OR MORE WATER-REDUCING AGENTS, ONLY OR IN COMBINATION. THIS MIXTURE IS ESPECIALLY ADVANTAGEOUS AS AN ADDITIVE FOR CONCRETE AND MORTAR AND ENABLES AN IMPROVEMENT IN PLASTICITY, MANEUVERABILITY AND RESISTANCE TO USED CONCRETE AND MORTAR. THE ADDITIVE MAY BE MIXED WITH WATER, ADDING MORE SILICA POWDER TO FORM A SLURRY. C. THE INVENTION APPLIES TO A CONCRETE ADDITIVE COMPRISING A MIXTURE WITH SEVERAL COMPONENTS CONTAINING MICROSILICE.


Many engineering applications can be formulated as optimizations constrained by conservation laws. Such optimizations can be efficiently solved by the adjoint method, which computes the gradient of the objective to the design variables. Traditionally, the adjoint method has not been able to be implemented in many "gray-box" conservation law simulators. In gray-box simulators, the analytical and numerical form of the conservation law is unknown, but the full solution of relevant flow quantities is available. In this paper, we consider the case where the flux function is unknown. This article introduces a method to estimate the gradient by inferring the flux function from the solution, and then solving the adjoint equation of the inferred conservation law. This method is demonstrated in the sensitivity analysis of two flow problems.


The television game show "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" has been adapted for use in a classroom setting to heighten the interest of students and the instructor. The technique enhances interaction between students and instructor and can be used as a review method or as a way of presenting new material. Individual students are given an opportunity to answer multiple-choice questions orally, with the possibility of receiving help from the class at large. Ideas for possible topics are presented.


The knowledge of girth weld tensile behaviour is an essential issue to be considered in the definition of a welding procedure for seamless linepipe, subject to in-plane bending, such as during laying applications. In particular, the evaluation of the behaviour in direction transverse to the welding should be carried out, according to DNV standards. In this paper, a joined application of experimental testing and Finite Element Analysis is carried out to characterize the tensile behaviour of both weld metal and heat affected zone material, until rupture, that is beyond the onset of plastic collapse, in direction transverse to the weld.


A sunple recursion equation giving an approximate description of critical phenomena in lattice systems is proposed. The equations for a d-dimensional spin system and a 2d-dimensional gauge system coincide. An interesting consequence is the zero transition temperature in the two-dimensional Heisenberg model and four-dimensional Yang-Mills model; this corresponds to asymptotic freedom in field theory.


For developing new biological pesticides, the field experiments on controlling Alternaria alternata by applying antagonistic bacteria (Streptomyces globispotus) AM6 metabolized antagonistic substance at different concentrations and times were conducted. The results showed that the tobacco leaves sprayed with agent containing AM6 antagonistic substance had good control effects on Alternaria alternata, the control effects increased with the increase of antagonistic substance concentration. The control effect of the antagonistic substance applied twice at the dilution 100 was up to 80.3%. The control effects reached 46.9%, 64.9% and 69.3%, applied 1, 2, 3 times at the dilution 400, respectively. Meantime, no harmful effect on tobacco plants was found.


OBJECTIVE
Some operative procedures were introduced for repairing hand or foot defects using the free mini-flap from the finger or toe.

METHODS
Eighteen cases of finger tip or foot wound were treated with the free mini-flap and vessel anastomosis. The size of the flap was 2 cm x 1 cm to 6 cm x 4 cm and the length of the pedicle was 2 to 4 cm.

RESULTS
All the eighteen free mini-flaps survived and the results were satisfactory.

CONCLUSION
The method of the mini-flap is a good option for covering of thumb, finger or foot defects when a local or an island flap is not available.


This paper gives some estimation algorithms and a method for monitoring distributed parameter systems based on sensor networks and the adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference scheme. The modern intelligent sensor networks may be seen as distributed sensors, which may be placed in the field of the distributed parameter systems. ANFIS, as a method for non-linear system identification, is a powerful tool to estimate future behavior in distributed parameter systems, from acquired data obtained using wireless sensor connected in a distributed network placed in the field. The algorithms are based on non-linear auto-regression exogenous models. A case study of temperature flow for a parabolic equation is analysed, based on these approaches.


Sorghum is a one of the leading cereal crop, among the cereals Sorghum contain unique variety of bioactive compounds which affect the classification, colour, appearance, nutrition quality, and functionality of the grain. The present study deals with six different genotypes of Sorghum including three without pigmented testa     (IS 3477, IS 33095, IS 7005), three pigmented testa (IS 7155, IS 2898, IS 1202) for their evolution of bioactive components and in vitro free radical scavenging of antioxidant activity. After the process of soxhlation, an obtained methanolic extract from the six genotypes of Sorghum, they were analyzed for their total phenolics and capacity of in vitro free radical assay included Superoxide radical, 1,1-Diphenyl -2- pycrilhydrazyl (DPPH), Hydroxyl radical, and Lipid peroxidation. Here we have estimated the free radical scavenger's order an increased level concentrations of percentage inhibition (10-1280 µg/ mL). The maximum IC 50 values were favoured to pigmented testa genotypes of Sorghum.  These various antioxidant activities were compared to excellent standard antioxidant like Ascorbic acid. The scavenging effects of all grain extracts on the DPPH radical were greater than that of compared with other free radicals. The pigmented testa genotypes exhibited the highest antioxidant capacities than non-pigmented testa genotypes and thus could be potential rich sources of natural antioxidants.


This paper presents a procedure for testing physical layer fault tolerances of Wire/essHART, one of the most important industrial wireless sensor networks protocol. In order to evaluate radio weakness of this protocol, a set of conditions are evaluated in a typical network that can lead to possible faults. It has been identified an error situation that induces to a misinterpretation of the network health state, which is confirmed with experiments undergone using commercial equipment. Possible solutions to avoid misinterpretation of the network behavior are discussed and some possible solutions are presented at the end.


Abstract The survival function method is a well-known alternative procedure for calculating the expectation of a nonnegative random variable with a continuous probability distribution. This paper proves a generalization of this method that can be used to calculate the expectation of a continuously differentiable function of a nonnegative random variable with a continuous, discrete or mixed probability distribution. A similar result is used in actuarial probability manuals, but proofs for the general case along with required assumptions are often not provided. Moreover, generalizations of the survival function method are typically not mentioned in probability textbooks. One of the main contributions of this paper is that it explores some technical conditions that guarantee that the method can be applied. This paper also provides an alternate proof of the generalized survival function method along with a different set of conditions under which the method can be proved to hold. Finally, examples of how the method can be applied to calculate expectations and moment-generating functions and to derive an integral identity are given.


Liquid mineral deposits that extend across a national frontier on land territory or a dividing line on the continental shelf between adjacent or opposite states have increasingly attracted attention in international law during the last two decades. Several common deposits of petroleum or natural gas have recently been discovered, and since the early sixties a considerable number of international agreements have been concluded to deal with the problems of those deposits. This development gives rise to certain considerations regarding an emerging legal concept of cooperation between neighboring states, as has already occurred with water resources shared by two or more states.


With the advancement in technology, devices are required to have superior performance and be as small in size as possible, due to compactness of electronic devices. Most of these devices don't meet all criterias in one go. To enhance the criteria matching, in this work, two dual-band filters have been designed. The first one uses a SIW multi-mode resonator, two of which are magnetically coupled to form a dual-band filter. To achieve miniaturization, the full-mode multi-mode resonator is cut into two using the diagonal symmetry line. This results in a Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) resonator used in the dualband second-order filter design. Using this HMSIW, a size reduction of 50% was achieved while operating at the same frequencies as in the full mode structure. This aids to reduce the size of microwave devices and increase in selectivity. Rogers substrate with a permittivity of 2.2 has been used to design the filter. Center frequencies of operation are 9.5 GHz and 13.8 GHz for the first and second pass-bands, respectively. The insertion loss recorded was 1 dB and 3 dB for the first and second pass-band, respectively.


The $107 million NCNB Plaza in Tamps, Fla. consists of a 32 floor, 500,000 sq ft, 455 ft tall office tower; a 40,000 sq ft, 78 ft tall banking hall, and a 280,000 sq ft parking garage topped by a 3.5 acre park. The entire complex is based on a strict geometric ratios devised by the architect and followed by the structural engineers. The tower is a 150 ft diameter concrete tube with a 77 ft circular core. There are no interior shear walls. The framing consists of radial beams and post-tensioning. The adjacent banking pavilion is two 78 ft cubes joined by a central atrium. For stability, all beam-to-column joints are full-moment connections. The two-level below-grade garage is framed in 39 ft bays with post-tensioned slabs. In the park, a one-way slab and upturned beam system supports a minimum of 1 ft of soil, pools, pavers and a 600 ft long canal, all designed to the architect's 1,5,2,5-ft module.


Despite the growing literature on multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), the data in European White population is limited. Our aim was to capture MIS-C emergence in Poland (central Europe) and to describe its characteristics with a focus on severity determinants. Patients who met the MIS-C definition (fever, multiorgan failure, inflammation, and proven SARS-CoV-2 infection or contact) were reported retrospectively and prospectively in an online survey. Study definitions fulfilment was automatically evaluated by a dedicated software. For the assessment of univariate relationships, either directed or divided by sex, age, or disease severity, we used the test for two categorical variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test for categorical-continuous variable pairs. The analysis involved 274 children, 62.8% boys, median age 8.8 years. Besides one Asian, all were European White. Merely 23 (8.4%) required paediatric intensive care treatment (PICU). They were older (11.2 vs. 8.4 years), and at hospital admission had higher respiratory rate (30 v. 20/minute), lower systolic blood pressure (89 vs. 100 mmHg), prolonged capillary refill time (40% vs. 11%), and decreased consciousness (22% vs. 5%). Teenage boys had more common cardiac involvement (fraction 25.9% vs. 14.7% ) and macrophage activation syndrome (31.0% vs. 15.2%) than others. Boys were also more often hospitalised in PICU with age (from median 11.2 years to 9.1). The severity of MIS-C is not as uniform as it seemed, ethnicity and sex may affect MIS-C phenotype. Management might not be universally applicable and should rather be adjusted to the specific population.


Objective:To assess and compare the curative effects for cervical spondylosis after treatment with 'Threestep and Nine-therapy' and with 'Four-step and Ten-therapy'.Methods:120 subjects were randomized into two groups:treatment group in which 60 cases were treated by three-step and nine-therapy and control group in which 60 cases were treated by Four-step and Ten-therapy,and once every other day were treated 10 times.The clinical symptoms and their scores were observed.Results:After treatment,the clinical symptoms were all improving in both groups(P0.01),with better effects in treatment group than in control group in improving neck and shoulder pain and cervical movement(P0.05).Conclusion:The 'Three-step and Ninetherapy' was quite effetive for cervical Spondylotic radiculopathy,and was worth promoting.


The invention relates to a method to determine xDSL transceiver working scene that includes the following steps: gaining the electric length and noise power parameter of the current line; determine the working scene of the current xDSL transceiver. The invention could optimize the whole capability and improve line-out ratio. And it could effectively save manpower cost and the constructing and maintaining cost.


Abstract The five zoea and one megalopa larval stages of Munida subrugosa (White), 1847, are described, and a key for the separation of the zoea larvae is given. The zoea larvae are compared with previously described specimens from the Falkland Islands, and are found to be distinct from these specimens in all stages except the first.


Science rarely looks at the whimsical, but that is changing as a result of the aptly named What-If Machine (WHIM; www .whim-project.eu/) project. The ambitious project is building a software system able to invent and evaluate fictional ideas. ''WHIM is an antidote to mainstream artificial intelligence which is obsessed with reality,'' says Simon Colton, project coordinator and professor in computational creativity at Goldsmiths College, University of London. ''We're among the first to apply artificial intelligence to fiction.''


book News on the Air has an unusual quality-"It doesn't pretend to know all the answers." It knows enough of them, however, so that it is an immensely important addition to the body of information on radio, and it is a thorough-going pioneering job in radio news that is going to be considered for a long time as an authoritative, brightly written, and fascinatingly infonnative volume on a craft that is just beginning to come into its own. SIC MICKELSON weco, Minneapolu * * * RADIO HEUTE UND MORGEN. By Amo Huth. Zurich & New York: Europa Verlag. 1944. 402 pp,


The apparent molar volumes of the amides formamide, N-methylacetamide (NMA) and N,N-diethylacetamide (DEA), in water and in 6 mol dm–3 guanidinium chloride solutions, have been determined at 25 °C. Results are also given for the enthalpies of dilution of formamide, NMA, acetamide, N-methylformamide (NMF), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-acetylglycinamide (GLY), in 6 mol dm–3 guanidinium chloride solutions, at 25 °C. From the data, partial molar volumes and volumetric and enthalpic interaction coefficients were obtained. The standard state volumes of transfer, from water to 6 mol dm–3 guanidinium chloride solutions, are small and suggest an interplay between the solvational effects of polar and apolar groups on the amides. The volumetric interaction coefficients become increasingly negative as the apolarity of the solutes increases. The enthalpic coefficients in 6 mol dm–3 guanidinium chloride solutions have been treated using a group-additivity approach and the indications are that these are dominated by interactions, which are thermochemically repulsive, between solvated amidic and apolar groups. Some comments are made on the possible mode of action of guanidinium chloride and urea as protein denaturants.


This paper addresses a controller design approach for a specific class of nonlinear time-varying systems based on an appropriate choice of a nonlinear time-varying dynamic feedback. A general form of the nonlinear time-varying dynamic controller is proposed. Lyapunov function theory was extensively used to prove global stability of closed systems. Conditions of local and global asymptotic stability of the nonlinear time-varying system are given. An analytic algorithm of controller design is presented. It is shown that the proposed design technique can successfully be applied to the specific class of the systems, the state variables of which are not fully observed. Simulation results show that the proposed approach to the nonlinear time-varying controller design is effective, and the closed-loop system is robust to small parametrical variations.


SUMMARY In this study, kinematic analysis of 6-DOF RSS parallel manipulator using Denavit Hartenbeng (D-H) method is investigated. In addition, in order to improve the proposed method, determination of all the active and passive angles, required to obtain Jacobian and complete dynamic model of manipulator, is also achieved. The effects of dynamic models of 6-DOF RSS parallel manipulator with its actuators on trajectory tracking control are studied in detail. Feedback dynamic compensation terms of motor-mechanism coupling system that is needed to compute torque control are obtained through both a single link approximation model and a complete dynamic model. The complete model is derived by taking account of the interaction between the input links and coupler links of the manipulator. Simulations showed that obtaining complete model of manipulator by means of D-H method and using computed control law could improve the quality of trajectory tracking control of parallel manipulator.


Along with socio-economic development rapidly,the mutual influence between ecosystem and human activities of the Dongting Lake region has appeared increasingly.Using correlational analysis and regrssion analysis method to analyze ecological carrying capacity and its system coupling relationship from perspective of the system interaction.The results show that: ① The total EC and the per capita EC of Dongting Lake region was continued to decline in nearly 10 years,by drop of 5.12%;The cultivated land EC declined constantly by drop of 12.66%,and the construction land EC went up constantly by rise of 15.49% in the ecological asset types.②Ecological carrying capacity and ecological resilience subsystem,resources and environment subsystems and socio-economic subsystem elements showed a significant correlation.There was mutual coupling relationship and mutual restraint between them,presenting different coupling form,for example "J" shape,inverted "U" shape,straight and "L"shape.③ Industrial structure characteristics and change,advancement of urbanization,rapid social and economic development,mineral development and construction projects and other factors led ecosystem elasticity recession,capacity of resources and the environment reduced,the development function of socio-economic systems was restricted.All above were the important factors of forming this kinds of coupling relationship.


Objective To expolore the vaule of P300 and CT in evaluating the prognosis of cogntive function in patients with acute ischemic cerebrl apoplexy( AICA) .Methods 60 patients with AICA were prospectively studied.P300 and CT were done in acute stage, the cognitive funtion as traced by using MMSE and HDS. Results Seemed to be good indexis of evaluating the prognosis of the patients with AICA, however, stepise miltiple regression were P300,temporal infarct,infarct number.Conclusion P300 be much more sensitive than CT.


According to the characteristics of spontaneous combustion at 14643 caving face and based on the prediction system of symbolic gas chromatography analysis and spontaneous combustion tendency of coal identification,this paper provides the measures of spraying retarder and the injection of fire retardant and nitrogen to form a mine fire prevention and extinguishing technology system.Using the comprehensive system,spontaneous combustion fire disaster that occurred in 14643 coal mining face was successfully controlled and the result was effective.


"Model investigations were made to determine the ditching characteristics of three typical multiengine airplanes equipped with possible arrangements of hydro-ski ditching gear. The behavior of the models was determined from visual observations, acceleration records, and motion pictures of the landings. Data are presented in tabular form and sequence photographs" (p. 1).


5-Norpyridoxol (3,5-dihydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-6-methylpyridine, I) has been synthesized. In contrast to the other two isomeric norpyridoxols (II and III), it proved to be inhibitory to Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. Improved methods of synthesis for some intermediates previously described have been developed.


Maize, groundnut and maize based sequential cropping systems consisted of wide range of weed flora of the groups viz., grasses, sedges and broad leaved weeds. Except Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, majority of weed species differ widely due to soil type, season and cropping system. Both maize and groundnut should be free from weeds up to 60 days after sowing. Due to crop weed competition, yield loss ranging from 40 to 80 per cent in maize and 80 to 90 per cent in groundnut. Research on weed management practices followed in maize realize that integrated weed management practices offer not only good weed control but also higher net rebms and B:C ratio. Several reseach findings also indicate that atrazine or pendirnethaiin application at recommended doses in maize did not leave any residues to affect succeeding crops bite chickpea, cowpea, groundnut, Indian mustard, wheat, linseed and lentil.


Children have the right to get a good education according to the best interests of the child. Formal schools have various obstacles that cause the right to education to be not optimally fulfilled. For this reason, alternatives are needed to fulfill children's right to education. Homeschooling is an informal education path that is increasingly being chosen by parents. Even though the legality of homeschooling has been recognized equally with formal education, attention must be paid to the fulfillment of children's right to education in homeschooling. This is because homeschooling is the realm of parents which is almost absolute, and then because the system of learning and supervision is different from other educational pathways, so further research is needed on how homeschooling is regulated within the national framework, and whether homeschooling can fulfill children's right to education. In this article it will be found that supervision of homeschooling in Indonesia is still weak. Supervision in homeschooling in this case is only supervision from parents and educators. The absence of technical guidelines and implementation instructions for Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 129 of 2014 makes supervision of homeschooling in Indonesia unclear and this leads to potential violations of children's rights to education where there is no guarantee of the quality of education for children who are homeschooling, as well as the potential for possible exposure to radicalism, abuse and exploitation of children.


Sepsis is a common illness; however, it strikes aged people and very young people in more tendency. Themost susceptible age group of sepsis is children, and more specifically newborns and young infants. Inaddition, underlying health problems increase the risk of illness. The aim of this study is to determineprevalence of septicemia in children under five years in Al-Kut hospital for Gynecology obstetrics andpediatrics, numbers of cases are 135 patients. A descriptive analysis study design was used for the purpose isconducted at Al-Kut hospital for Gynecology obstetrics and pediatrics. There was significant differences inthe prevalence of septicemia among children with different ages. The prevalence of septicemia was higher inthe 1st month of age .Generally, prevalence of septicemia did not significantly affected by gender, howeverage is the most influencer since the infection was higher in children samples which were collected fromstool isolates. At end, to reduce the complication and mortality of septicemia and to prevent sepsis formationinfection including antibiotic-resistant pathogens related infection, research recommend a rapid diagnosisand effective treatment.


Traditional cultivars ('Ovčji nos' – 'Schafnase', 'Mašanka' – 'Maschanzker' and 'Zlatna zimska parmenka' – 'Goldparmäne') were compared with resistant ('Topaz', 'Pinova' and 'Querina-Florina') and commercial cultivars ('Gala Schnitzer Schniga', 'Golden Delicious Reinders' and 'Idared') within the system of intensive production aiming to better evaluate production potential, fruit quality and possibilities to implement more ecologically acceptable production practices of certain apple cultivars. In comparison to commercial cultivars, resistant cvs 'Topaz' and 'Pinova' demonstrated relative characteristics with regards to productivity, whilst cv. 'Querina-Florina' had significantly lower yield productivity. Out of traditional cultivars cv. 'Ovčji nos – Schafnase' stands out with higher yields relative to certain commercial cultivars. Fruit quality of all cultivars in research was satisfactory when it comes to fruit size and soluble solids content.


Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy, Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China


Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cooled radiofrequency(RF)ablation for arrhythmias by saline irrigation catheter.Methods:Twenty-six patients with arrhythmia underwent cooled RF ablation by saline irrigation catheter after failure of conventional catheter RF ablation.5cases were with a right-and 1 case with a left-sided resistant accessory pathway,5 cases were with atrial tachycardia,5cases with typeⅠatrial flutter,6 cases with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,and 4 cases with idiopathic ventricular tachycardia.The ablation parameters were compared between saline irrigation catheter RF ablation and conventional catheter RF ablation.The safety and efficacy of cooled RF ablation by saline irrigation were recored and the average duration of follow-up was 15.8±7.5 months.Results:①There were higher peak electrode temperature,impedance,and lower RF power with conventional catheter electrode than with saline irrigation electrode,and there was no difference in the ablation duration.②Acute successful rate of cooled RF ablation by saline irrigation was 100%(26/26),and long-time successful rate was 88.5%(23/26).③A stroke occurred in 1case,and eschar formed on the catheter electrode in 6 cases with conventional catheter electrode.No complications occurred with saline irrigation electrode.Conclusions:Cooled RF ablation by saline irrigation catheter had good efficacy and high safety in treating arrhythmias,especially for those located deep.


The field of crisis management knowledge and expertise is associated with a wide range of fields. Knowledge-based crisis management is a combination of science, art and practice. Iran is an earthquake-prone country. Through years several earthquakes have happened in the country resulting in many human and financial losses. According to scientific standards, the first 24 hours following an earthquake is the most valuable time for saving victims. Yet in the case of Bam only 5% of the victims were rescued within the first 48 hours. The success of disaster management is evaluated in terms of programming, raising public participation, organizing and hiring manpower, and supervising the management process. In this study disaster management is divided into three stages in which different actions are required. The stages and actions are explained in detail. Moreover, features, effects, and losses of the earthquake are described.


Abstract In this research work, we have proposed a one-dimensional (1D) defective annular photonic crystal (DAPC) (AB)5 CDC(AB)5 to identify the presence of reproductive progesterone and estradiol hormones in women. The periodicity of the proposed biosensing design made up of 1D annular photonic crystal (APC) has been broken by introducing a cylindrical cavity D of porous gallium nitride (GaN) material. The inner and outer faces of cylindrical cavity D are surrounded by concentric cylindrical buffer layers of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) material. We have used a modified transfer matrix method with the help of MATLAB software to carry out investigations pertaining to the proposed theoretical work. The two distinct categories of blood samples containing reproductive hormones of different concentrations have been used in this work. The sensitivity of proposed 1D DAPC varies between 159.673 nm nmol−1 L−1 to 170.1525 nm nmol−1 L−1 when a cavity is infiltrated with a blood sample having progesterone hormone whose concentration varies between 0 and 200 nmol L−1. Moreover, the sensitivity of the structure varies between 158.7816 nm nmol−1 L−1 to 170 nm nmol−1 L−1 under the influence of blood samples having estradiol hormones of different concentrations. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed biosensor in the true sense we have also computed quality factor (Q) and figure of merit (FoM) values of the biosensor corresponding to both categories of blood samples of different concentrations. Our study shows that biosensors made up of 1D annular photonic structures are more efficient in comparison to the biosensors made up of planar 1D photonic crystals. Apart from detecting the reproductive hormones in females such kind of APC-based specialized biosensing devices may be very useful in the field of medical engineering and technology.


A same tower multi-parallel line model of phase-splitting parameter is built with EMTDC,which aims to the serious unbalanced current on a Shenzhen 220 kV modernized four-parallel line on the same tower replacing a double-parallel transmission line.Based on study on influenced factors of unbalanced current such as: phase sequence arrangement,line power flow and operation in loop network,suggestions for limiting unbalance current are proposed.Simulation result shows that the strong electromagnetic coupling among each circuits is the primary reason to cause the unbalanced current,and the unbalance of concerned line in the loop network is an important factor as well.Increasing space among lines,reducing the difference of line power flows,adopting negative phase sequence array and loop network open operation under certain conditions are effective measures to limit the unbalance current on a multi-parallel line on the same tower.


Abstract An active noise control device has been fabricated using a 0–3 piezo-composite sensor and actuator. This device has been used with a fast feedback electronic system. The reflection and transmission coefficients have been measured in a pulse tube. The energy was reduced by up to 0. 5 in active noise reduction mode and increased by up to 0. 17 in active noise enhancement mode from 1. 5 to 8. 5kHz. With an air backed noise control device, the echo reduction was increased by up to 12dB from 1 to 8kHz.


The invention provides a data transmission system used for a distributed application system. The data transmission system comprises a sending party and a receiving party, wherein the sending party comprises a data splitting unit used for splitting service data to be sent into multiple data messages, a message generating unit used for generating control messages corresponding to the data messages, a data sending unit used for sending the data messages and the control messages to a message-oriented middleware so as to allow the receiving party to obtain and process the data messages according to the control messages. The invention further provides a data transmission method used for the distributed application system. By the technical scheme, asynchronous and loosely-coupled distributed data transmission can be realized without depending on specific middleware, transportability is good, complexity of system realization can be effectively lowered, and especially, common memory problems and concurrent problems under large-data-volume and cluster environments are solved.


This research examines the extent to which individuals self-reference advertising portrayals and the consequences of doing so. A composite self-referencing measure is developed relative to how self-referencing has been defined and induced in past research. Individuals who exhibited high levels of self-referencing of stimulus advertisements elicited more positive attitudes and cognitive responses than those who exhibited low levels of self-referencing. Self-referencing was also found to mediate the effect of various sex-role portrayals on respondents' attitudes.


For the past 40 years, Jonathan Moreno laments, bioethics has courted a succession of hot trends while turning away from important yet neglected topics such as the degradation of the environment, the insufficiency of the public health system and the global abrogation of social justice (Moreno 2005). We have not fulfilled Van Rensselear Potter's ideal of bioethics as a movement toward a global synthesis of ecology, science and morality. Shamefully, we have become a disparate, uncoordinated group of talking heads—neither a social reform movement nor even a persistent stimulus towards needed reforms. Hurricane Katrina, he believes, should serve as a wake up call, flooding our senses with the rampant injustice, environmental exploitation and poor public health planning that bioethics has so egregiously failed to address. I too believe that Katrina brings important lessons about how bioethics ought to conduct itself. However, I am not inclined to regard negligent urban planning, federal lethargy, criminal looting or class injustice as due in any important way to the failure of bioethics. They are not lightening rods that should jolt us into a new selfunderstanding. At most, these are simply problems that bioethics would do well to seriously examine. If bioethics is inclined to introspection, then it should follow the example of the Greeks and muse on its own hubris. For hubris, I submit, was Katrina's handmaiden in the devastation we now witness. In the wake of Katrina, tens of billions of dollars of public money have been allocated for recovery. Prior to Katrina, much more has been spent on all-hazards disaster preparedness. Yet much of this money has gone to minimally helpful strategies, including government grants for ill-conceived, marginally-relevant academic research. Great quantities of atropine are stashed in the National Pharmaceutical Stockpile, while medics' and hospitals' stores typically remain scant. Yet in a chemical attack, the bulk of the atropine will be needed in the first few minutes or hours—long before the National Stockpile becomes available. Expansive curricula have been constructed, and inter-agency protocols fashioned, for such a chemical attack—yet rarely have provisions been made for simple measures such as the distribution of inexpensive personal decontamination kits (which would prevent casualties from choosing between nudity and prolonged contamination as they processed through a Warm Zone), or essential measures such as the designation of community secondary assessment centers (SAC) or the assembly of mobile medical units. At the recent Illinois Bioterrorism Summit I asked an audience of nearly one thousand public health workers to raise their hands if they knew the location of a designated SAC in their own community. Two hands raised. Yet in the response to Katrina, a single mobile medical unit—Carolinas MED-1, assembled in Charlotte, North Carolina with the aid of a $1.5 million grant—was rapidly deployed to Mississippi where within minutes it set up a functional emergency department (seeing over 100 patients a day) and within hours provided 4 ICU beds plus 7 general medical beds. For only $1 billion, 500 such units could be assembled and run continuously for 20 days—providing 2,000 ICU beds and seeing 50,000 patients a day. But the funding is not there. The preference for federal systems over local strategies, and for technical training over practical preparation, is a symptom of hubris among the educated elite. Much of the nation's public health and disaster preparedness money flows from the federal government to regulatory agencies staffed by educators and researchers, or even directly to university researchers. The thinking seems to be that we need very general, comprehensive, centralized strategies for disaster preparation, mitigation, response and recovery—and that learned, systematic thinkers and theorists are best qualified to develop and implement them. To some degree, no doubt, this belief is true. Clinicians in all localities benefit, for instance, from CDC summaries and guidelines, and vaccine dilution trials have helped us to tailor more workable strategies for smallpox. But much of what we do—at taxpayer expense—to address public health and disaster preparedness is marginally valuable at best. In this vein, the medical response to infectious outbreaks, including bioterror attacks, would probably be just as effective if we had about a tenth the number of bioterror clinical education programs (and less than a tenth as much federal money directed towards the formulation of such). We'd be better off with more personal decontamination kits and mobile clinics. Where is the lesson for bioethics? Quite simply, we should stop thinking of ourselves as politically indispensable, and quit trying to become indispensable. This point pertains on several levels. First, we should be as cautious about acquiring public funds (e.g., federal grants) for projects that enhance our reputations (and ultimately our pocketbooks) as we expect clinical researchers to be in acquiring corporate funds to enhance theirs. In academic bioethics departments, one of the best ways to enhance one's standing is to secure a major government grant— especially when the grant brings in a lot of money. One does not have to worry about censure from a disgruntled


【Objective】To investigate the effects of fosinopril on tubular function in chronic nephritis patients.【Methods】Seventy two patients were randomly divided into the fosinopril group and the routine group.Twenty four hours urinary protein,urinary albumin,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,urinary RBP,urinary α_1-MG and urinary NAG were measured before and after 4 weeks of fosinopril treatment.【Results】The levels of serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,urinary protein, albumin,RBP,α_1-MG and NAG after 4 weeks of treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment(P0.05),the levels of all parameters of renal function and tubular function were declined,compared with the routine group,there were significant difference(P0.05).【Conclusion】Fosinopril can effectively ameliorate the tubular function in chronic nephritis.


The recent distance determination allowed precise estimation of the orbital parameters of Cyg X-1, which contains a massive 14.8 M⊙ BH with a 19.2 M⊙ O star companion. This system appears to be the clearest example of a potential progenitor of a BH-NS system. We follow the future evolution of Cyg X-1, and show that it will soon encounter a Roche lobe overflow episode, followed shortly by a Type Ib/c supernova and the formation of a NS. It is demonstrated that in majority of cases ( ∼ > 70%) the supernova and associated natal kick disrupts the binary due to the fact that the orbit expanded significantly in the Roche lobe overflow episode. In the reminder of cases ( ∼ < 30%) the newly formed BH-NS system is too wide to coalesce in the Hubble time. Only sporadically (∼ 1%) a Cyg X-1 like binary may form a coalescing BH-NS system given a favorable direction and magnitude of the natal kick. If Cyg X-1 like channel (comparable mass BH-O star bright X-ray binary) is the only or dominant way to form BH-NS binaries in the Galaxy we can estimate the empirical BH-NS merger rate in the Galaxy at the level of ∼ 0.001 Myr. This rate is so low that the detection of BH-NS systems in gravitational radiation is highly unlikely, generating Advanced LIGO/VIRGO detection rates at the level of only ∼ 1 per century. If BH-NS inspirals are in fact detected, it will indicate that the formation of these systems proceeds via some alternative and yet unobserved channels. Subject headings: binaries: close — stars: evolution, neutron — gravitation


Vital sign monitoring plays a very important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of a disease, as well as for patient health management. Among other vital signs, respiratory rate (RR) is rarely recorded and often forgotten despite the fact that it is an essential predictor of serious events such as cardiac arrest and deteriorating clinical condition. In this paper, we propose a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar for contactless RR monitoring. We employ FFT to calculate RR in frequency-domain and combine it with Kalman filter to smooth out the estimated RR. We use a public dataset measuring RR from 50 children under 13 years of age recorded with 60 GHz FMCW radar. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields MAE and RMSE of 3.20 and 4.10, respectively, with respect to the reference device. Incorporating Kalman filter reduces the percentage of error by 14.83% and 13.36% compared to without it. The overall results suggest that radar-based technology can be potentially used for contactless RR monitoring which is suitable for those who cannot use contact-based monitoring devices.


ASTM T11 material is a 1.25Cr - 0.5 Mo steel. This material is used in water wall tubes for sub-critical and super critical boilers in a thermal power plant. It is also used in re-heater, primary super-heater tubing system and in main steam piping system depending upon the expected temperature.

Adhunik Metaliks Limited (AML), Sundargarh, Orissa, manufactured the above mentioned material and sent CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory for evaluation of elevated temperature tensile, stress rupture and creep properties at 500 o C, 550 o C and 600 o C. They sent the ASTM T11 material in the form of round bars which were normalized at 920 o C for 2 hours and tempered at 700 o C for 1.3 hours.


We fabricated semiconducting free-standing-beam and Hall-bar structures with a high slenderness ratio, a minimum thickness of 50 nm, and a typical length of several tens of microns using InAs membranes processed from InAs/GaAs heterostructures. These structures showed clear electric conductivity without any intentional doping. We obtained the carrier concentration and mobility by means of standard Hall measurements, thus confirming that both parameters were much larger than those of as-grown heterostructure samples. These results indicate that this material system is promising for micro/nanoelectromechanical system applications.


The method which adopts start-end device to measure the velocity is in common a method of measuring the velocity. The characteristics of this method is in brief the equipments need, operation convenience, test result credibility, measuring the error margin small. It not only can measure the velocity of the normal ammunition, but also can measure the velocity of special ammunition. The trajectory passed the bullet to equip a ballistic segment of marking X1, 2 with the area. The instrument measures the time t1, 2 that a bullet experience when passing two targets. Using to measure 1,2 1,2 / v X t = , compute average speed for a bullet to pass two targets with the formula, and is the moment speed that the bullet passes two targets middles it.


High x-ray conversion efficiency (XRCE) K-shell sources are being developed for high energy density experiments for use as backlighters and for the testing of materials exposed to high x-ray fluxes and fluences. Recently, sources with high XRCE in the K-shell x-ray energy range of iron and nickel were investigated at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The x-ray conversion efficiency in the 5–9 keV spectral range was determined to be 6.8% ± 0.3%. These targets were 4.1 mm diameter, 4 mm tall hollow epoxy tubes having a 50 μm thick wall supporting a tube of 3 to 3.5 μm thick stainless steel. The NIF laser deposited ∼460 kJ of 3ω light into the target in a 140 TW, 3.3 ns square pulse. The absolute x-ray emission of the source was measured by two calibrated Dante x-ray spectrometers. Time resolved images filtered for the Fe K-shell were recorded to follow the heating of the target. Time integrated high-resolution spectra were recorded in the K-shell range.


High oxygen pressures are a fruitful tool for the stabilization of the highest formal oxidation states of transition metals (Mn+) leading to the strongest chemical bonds; the improvement of the Mn+-O bond covalency induces different electronic phenomena. Among the physical characterizations applied to investigate such phenomena, 57Fe and 119Sn Mössbauer spectra are evaluated for studying unusual electronic configurations, orbital ordering, charge disproportionation and insulator-metal transitions in the perovskites series of 57Fe doped RENiO3 nickelates (RE = rare earths, Y and Tl) and 119Sn doped AEFeO3 ferrates (AE = Ca, Sr).


We show the AdS/CFT correspondence between the conformal partial wave and the geodesic Witten diagram with anti-symmetric exchange. To this end, we introduce the embedding space formalism for anti-symmetric fields in AdS. Then we prove that the geodesic Witten diagram satisfies the conformal Casimir equation and the appropriate boundary condition. Furthermore, we discuss the connection between the geodesic Witten diagram and the shadow formalism by using the split representation of harmonic function for anti-symmetric fields. We also discuss the 3pt geodesic Witten diagrams and its extension to the mixed-symmetric tensors.


This paper is a reflection on What is policy? Texts, Trajectories and Tool Boxes, which was first published in 1993, in Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education. It looks back to what the 1993 paper was trying to do and at some of the developments of the ideas first sketched there in my later work, in particular in the book How Schools Do Policy (2012). It also considers the continuing tensions between domination and agency, discourse and text, in policy research and the misuse of the concept of discourse in some policy analysis work.


Multiple image planes in a multiphoton microscope are acquired simultaneously through novel photon counting electronics and previous scaling limitations are overcome by a new Yb:KGW femtosecond oscillator laser design.


In this paper, the role_based access control model in CORBA security reference model is proposed, the permissions to access the objects' methods are associated with roles and users are made members of appropriate roles thereby acquiring the roles permissions, the shortcoming of the original access control model is resolved.


Chronic synovitis is a rare complication of sarcoidosis, virtually confined to the black population. Synovial histology may be nonspecific or show typical sarcoid granulomata. We report 2 cases of chronic sarcoid synovitis in Caucasians. Histology showed typical granulomata in one patient, whose distinctive arthroscopic appearance is discussed.


PurposeThis study develops a conceptual framework and a series of instruments for capturing researchers' data-sharing practices in the social sciences, by synergizing the theory of knowledge infrastructure and the theory of remote scientific collaboration.Design/methodology/approachThis paper triangulates the results of three studies of data sharing across the social sciences, with 144 participants in total, and classifies the confusion, "frictions" and opportunities arising from such sharing into four overarching dimensions: data characteristics, technological infrastructure, research culture and individual drivers.FindingsBased on the sample, the findings suggest that the majority of faculty and students in social science research do not share their data because many of them are unaware of the benefits and methods of doing so. Additional findings regarding social scientists' data-sharing behaviors include: (1) those who do share qualitative data in data repositories are more likely to share their research tools than their raw data; and (2) perceived technical support and extrinsic motivation are both strong predictors of qualitative data sharing (a previously underresearched subtype of social science data sharing).Originality/valueThe study confirms the previously hypothesized nature of "friction" in qualitative data sharing in the social sciences, arising chiefly from the time and labor intensiveness of ensuring data privacy.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0079.


Synergistic electronic modulations is an effective strategy to develop efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the electrochemical hydrogen production via water splitting. Herein, tremella‐like Ni3S2@RuO2 and Ni3S2@NiFeOOH heterostructures catalysts are constructed on Ni foams (NF) by coupling RuO2 and NiFeOOH on Ni3S2 nanoflake arrays. The resulting Ni3S2@RuO2/NF electrode exhibits top‐level hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysis with an extremely low overpotential of 12 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 30.7 mV dec−1, as well as the as‐obtained Ni3S2@NiFeOOH/NF electrode with tunable binding energy for OH* intermediates shows remarkable oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysis with an overpotential of 227 mV at 10 mA cm−2. The electrolyzer employing Ni3S2@RuO2/NF electrode for cathodic H2 production and Ni3S2@NiFeOOH/NF for anodic O2 production merely needs a low voltage of 1.47 V to drive 10 mA cm−2 with excellent durability. The combined theoretical calculation and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation reveal that heterogeneous configuration can induce electron transfer from Ni3S2 to RuO2 through NiRu/SRu bonds, and thus tailor the d‐band center and optimize the activated H2O/H* Gibbs free energies for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction on Ni3S2@RuO2. This study may shed new light on the construction of heterostructures as highest‐performing electrocatalysts and offer unique insight into the theory mechanism.


Objective: Vascular age is the apparent age of the arteries that can be affected by lifestyle risk and genetic factors. Subjects whose vascular age is older than chronological age might have higher cardiovascular risk. The aim of our study was to estimate early vascular aging (EVA) syndrome prevalence in population-based sample of Saint-Petersburg inhabitants according to pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) assessment. Design and method: As a part of all-Russian epidemiology survey ESSE-RF random sampling of 1600 Saint-Petersburg inhabitants (25–65 years) stratified by age and sex was involved. In 452 randomly selected subjects simultaneously cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was measured by VaSera VS-1500 (Fukuda, Japan) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured by SphygmoCor (Atcor, Australia). We used 2 definitions of EVA syndrome - if vascular age calculated from pressure independent stiffness index (CAVI) exceeded the biological age> = 4 years (EVAcavi); and if cfPWV exceeded 2SD for corresponding age group (EVApwv). Hypertension was considered if BP> = 140/90 mmHg or antihypertensive treatment, diabetes type 2 was considered as fasting glucose> = 7.0 mmol/l or treatment. Results: EVAcavi prevalence is much higher, than EVApwv (table 1). According to both criteria, there is an increase of EVA with age. Kappa index of criteria agreement was low – 0,09. Table 1. EVA prevalence according to CAVI and PWV criteria and age Figure. No caption available. Conclusions: Prevalence of EVA syndrome detected by applanational tonometry or volume sphygmography has low agreement. It seems that carotid-femoral PWV criteria do not sensitive to detect EVA even in the oldest age group. At the same time, CAVI is a weak instrument to measure vascular stiffness.