Data binding the expression of Toll-like (TLR) 4 receptor (TLR4ex), or TLR2 receptor (TLR2ex) and transplanted kidney (KT) function and symptomatic infections with CMV (CMV+) and are scarcely available.
 Objective: To investigate the relationships between TLR4ex and TLR2ex, a relapse of CMV+ and transplant function.

 Materials and methods: TLR4ex and TLR2ex were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of KT recipients.
 We compared TLR4ex and TLR2ex among 25 CMV+ patients; 81 patients without CMV infection (CMVn). At the beginning (Day-0) TLR4ex, as well as concentrations of cyclosporin A (CyA) and tacrolimus (TAC) were determined.
 Both CMV+ and CMVn patients were divided according to the respective median of TLR4ex into groups of low-TLR2/4 expression (L-TLR2/4ex) and high-TLR2/4 expression (H-TLR2/4ex). Glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) was assessed on Day-0 and after the follow-up (F-up). The magnitudes of EGFR change (ΔEGFR) were evaluated. Stable treatment along the F-up period (median 11.9 months) was applied.

 Results. In CMV+ TLR2ex of 64,3% and TLR4ex in 67% is below respective median. Past CMV strongly affected TLR2ex and moderately TLR4ex. On Day-0: in CMV+ we found no link of TLR2 ex and TLR4ex with EGFR; In CMV+ TLR2ex and TLR4ex were lower but Day-0 EGFR did not differ from H-TLR2 or H-TLR4ex. In CMVn: GFR-TLR4ex link was present with no similar in case of GFR-TLR2ex. In patients treated with tacrolimus CMV strongly affected TLR4ex, blurring CMV+/CMVn differences.
 Post F-up: in CMV+ with L-TLR4ex EGFR declined, there was no change of EGFR in H-TLR4ex; L/H-TLR2ex showed no differences in EGFR. In CMVn with H-TLR4ex EGFR rose, there was no change in L-TLR4ex. In case of TLR2ex we showed no similar differences. Regression analysis points out the impact of CMV+ and TLR4ex on eGFR and ΔEGFR. No similar impact of CMV+ and TLR2ex on eEGFR and ΔEGFR was found.

 Conclusion: In the group who had a symptomatic CMV + infection, low TLR4 expression increases the risk of worsening EGFR. In CMVn, high TLR4 expression increases the chance of EGFR improvement. Historic CMV + strongly affects TLR2ex. However, TLR2ex cannot be used as a factor in assessing the risk of EGFR deterioration.


The software design phase is important and challenging due to its high impact on other phases of software development life cycle. Design pattern is a proven solution based on software developers' experience to solve recurring problems, which used to acquire quality software design. However, the large number of design patterns has made it difficult to select the right one for a particular design problem. To overcome this difficulty, several approaches with different methods have been proposed to automate the design pattern selection process. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a framework called "DPSA" which includes the classification of existing approaches, a comparison between approaches based on provided criteria, and also analyzing each approach based on these criteria. DPSA helps future research to a) employing the existing approaches taking into account the specification of each one and b) comparing the current works with the future.


Although it is the market economy's basic premise that the property rights are defined clearly,the validity protect is just the fully condition to establish property rights institution.There exists widespread invasion phenomenon of the property rights in our economy life,so it is difficult to realize the decision's order of the owners and its efficiency target.It is important to sum up the categories of the infringement actions and to analyze the reasons.Only in this way,can we make a system explanation about it.


The paper describes the study on processes for recovering cadmium from zinc concentrate roasting dust collected by electrostatic precipitator (ESP), including comparison of three cadmium leaching processes, i.e. water leaching, acid leaching and oxidation acid leaching points out that the oxidation acid leaching-arsenic removal-cementation-briquetting-casting is an optimal process for recovering cadmium from cadmium-bearing dust collected by ESP, where the cadmium leaching efficiency can be higher than 90% and grade of crude cadmium can reach 99.10%.


We have studied second harmonic generation (SHG) in a polar ferrimagnet ${\text{GaFeO}}_{3}$, employing a ${\text{FeO}}_{6}$ cluster model in which the Fe atom is slightly shifted from the center of the octahedron. The electric-dipole transition could take place between the $3d$ states through the effective hybridization of the $4p$ states with the $3d$ states, due to the breaking of the space-inversion symmetry. In the third-order perturbation with ${H}_{\text{int}}=\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{c}\mathbf{j}\ensuremath{\cdot}\mathbf{A}$, we calculate the probability per unit time, ${I}_{\ensuremath{\eta}aa}$, for the process that two photons are absorbed with polarization parallel to the $a$ axis and one photon is emitted with polarization parallel to the $\ensuremath{\eta}(=a,b,c)$ axis. The calculated SHG intensities consist of several peaks as a function of two-photon energy in agreement with the experiments. It is found that the corresponding amplitude ${S}_{aaa}$ at each Fe site changes its sign while ${S}_{baa}$ remains the same with the reversal of the direction of the local magnetic moment. This implies that ${I}_{aaa}$ would disappear while ${I}_{baa}$ would survive in the paramagnetic phase in accordance with the experiment.


In Robin Goodfellow and Mary R. Lea's Literacy in the Digital University, 13 chapters from various authors cover state-of-the-art scholarship on technological changes affecting post-compulsory high...


Aim To observe the effect of salidroside on atherosclerosis of apolipoprotein E gene knockout mice(ApoE- /-) with intermittent hypobaric hypoxia,so as to illuminate the role of salidroside on atherogenesis. Methods Thirty eight-week-old male ApoE- /-mice were randomized into normobaric normoxic group( control group),intermittent hypobaric hypoxia group(IHH),hypobaric hypoxia + salidroside group(intervention group) for 12 weeks. Mice in IHH group and intervention group were exposed to a hypobaric chamber mimicking the hypobaric hypoxia condition on an altitude of 5000 m for 8 hours every day,each group was fed with the same general diet,the intervention group was given salidroside 30 mg /(kg·d),oral gavage,while the control group and IHH group were administered distilled water. Then fasting blood glucose(FBG) and plasma lipid levels were measured,paraffin sections of mice aorta roots were made. The aorta atherosclerotic lesion area and plaque collagen content were meassured by HE staining and Masson staining. Matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and MMP-9,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2( TIMP-2) protein expression were analyzed by Western blot. Results The three groups did not statisticly differ in FBG and plasma lipid levels( P 0. 05).Compared with control group,atherosclerotic plaque area were increased significantly(P 0. 01),whereas plaque collagen content were increased in IHH group(P 0. 01). Compared with IHH group,plaque area and the protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were decreased significantly(P 0. 01),whereas plaque collagen content and the protein expression of TIMP-2 were increased in salidroside intervention group( P 0. 01). Conclusion Salidroside attenuates atherosclerosis and enhances plaque stability in ApoE- /-mice of IHH. The mechanism is in connection with salidroside increased plaque collagen content.


Zeroth-order optimization is a fundamental research topic that has been a focus of various learning tasks, such as black-box adversarial attacks, bandits, and reinforcement learning. However, in theory, most complexity results assert a linear dependency on the dimension of optimization variable, which implies paralyzations of zeroth-order algorithms for high-dimensional problems and cannot explain their effectiveness in practice. In this paper, we present a novel zeroth-order optimization theory characterized by complexities that exhibit weak dependencies on dimensionality. The key contribution lies in the introduction of a new factor, denoted as $\mathrm{ED}_{\alpha}=\sup_{x\in \mathbb{R}^d}\sum_{i=1}^d\sigma_i^\alpha(\nabla^2 f(x))$ ($\alpha>0$, $\sigma_i(\cdot)$ is the $i$-th singular value in non-increasing order), which effectively functions as a measure of dimensionality. The algorithms we propose demonstrate significantly reduced complexities when measured in terms of the factor $\mathrm{ED}_{\alpha}$. Specifically, we first study a well-known zeroth-order algorithm from Nesterov and Spokoiny (2017) on quadratic objectives and show a complexity of $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{\mathrm{ED}_1}{\sigma_d}\log(1/\epsilon)\right)$ for the strongly convex setting. Furthermore, we introduce novel algorithms that leverages the Heavy-ball mechanism. Our proposed algorithm exhibits a complexity of $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{\mathrm{ED}_{1/2}}{\sqrt{\sigma_d}}\cdot\log{\frac{L}{\mu}}\cdot\log(1/\epsilon)\right)$. We further expand the scope of the method to encompass generic smooth optimization problems under an additional Hessian-smooth condition. The resultant algorithms demonstrate remarkable complexities which improve by an order in $d$ under appropriate conditions. Our analysis lays the foundation for zeroth-order optimization methods for smooth functions within high-dimensional settings.


Pandemic Covid-19 forces all components of society together to cut the transmission process through health protocols, always keep a distance, use masks, and often wash hands with soapy water or alcohol-based hand sanitizers. And isolation for sufferers or symptomatic people.In line with the success of suppressing transmission with screening methods, diagnosis, isolation, treatment, and case finding in the community marked by R0 <1, the community can start a new life by staying alert to Covid-19 transmission.The New World Order, which also means living with the possible risk of Covid-19 transmission, must be vigilant and continue to implement the Health protocol.Medical Officers, especially in primary services, are at the forefront of prevention and early detection and management of COVID 19, including family assistance and community empowerment.Greetings healthy and tough!


A 25 year old woman presented to our institution with increasing difficulty in swallowing, talking, and walking, which resulted in her being virtually mute, wheelchair bound, and perpetually drooling. She had presented to another institution two and a half years before with worsening episodes of headache and cramp in both feet. This had progressed to a generalised weakness of her entire body, in addition to impaired speech and problems with motor coordination.

Clinical examination showed cog wheel rigidity and a generalised jerky dystonic tremor, with occasional hemiballismic movement of the arms. The upper limb reflexes and power were normal. Bilateral wasting of the quadriceps muscles was apparent, with generalised brisk reflexes and severe spasticity of the lower limbs. Her speech was slurred but examination of the cranial nerve was otherwise unremarkable. Bilateral corneal discoloration was noted.

The patient's full blood count, renal biochemical profile, and liver biochemical profile were largely normal, although alanine aminotransferase was slightly raised at 35 IU/l (normal range 10-35), as was alkaline phosphatase at 374 U/l (35-104). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed at the time of presentation (fig 1)⇓.

Fig 1 Axial T2 weighted (A and B) and coronal fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) (C) magnetic resonance imaging of the brain

### 1 What abnormalities are seen on the brain images?

#### Short answer

The brain images show increased T2 weighted signal in the pons, midbrain, thalami, and basal ganglia. Putaminal …


Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) is a widely used turfgrass in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate regions in the world. It is a salinity-tolerant plant, but much genetic variation exists among its genotypes. Genetic diversity has been shown to exist from a morphologic level to a molecular level among Chinese natural bermudagrass germplasm resources; however, the extent of variation in their salinity tolerance has remained unclear. We conducted greenhouse hydroponic and sand culture experiments to evaluate the variation in salinity tolerance of natural bermudagrass germplasm resources obtained from their main areas of distribution in China and treated at a 33 dS m−1 salinity level for three weeks. Compared with non-saline controls, salinity stress significantly decreased shoot clipping weight (46.5% and 44.2%) and increased leaf firing (41.1% and 37.6%) in hydroponic and sand culture experiments, respectively, across all genotypes. However, significant genetic variations in relative leaf firing percentage (RLF) and relative shoot weight (RSW) were found among genotypes in both experiments, and their coefficients of variation ranged from 25.5% to 41.6%, indicating that considerable variation exists in the salinity tolerance of Chinese natural bermudagrass germplasm resources. Shoot Na+ concentrations increased under salinity stress for all genotypes in both experiments. However, significant genetic variations were also found in shoot Na+ concentrations. Salinity tolerance in bermudagrass genotypes was found to be significantly negatively correlated with shoot Na+ concentrations in both experiments. Using a cluster analysis of RLF and RSW data, all genotypes were classified into four groups with different salinity tolerances. The results of our evaluation indicate that there is much potential for improving salinity tolerance among Chinese natural bermudagrass cultivars.


Start-up entrepreneurs depend on M&A markets to exit VC investments. I test a novel catering theory of innovation: Does the market structure of potential acquirers impact entrepreneurial decision-making? Using CrunchBase and LinkedIn data, I find that a standard deviation increase in acquirer market concentration decreases the propensity to become an entrepreneur by 4%, suggesting that fragmented markets are appealing entry markets. Likewise, a standard deviation increase in acquirer concentration increases the catering of entrepreneurs by 9%, as measured by technological overlap with potential acquirers. Catering comes at the cost of breakthrough innovation (16% decrease), the key determinant of economic growth.


Aiming at the poor robustness of high-resolution remote sensing image building extraction methods based on machine learning and it is difficult to fully exploit the deep features in images, several methods based on deep learning semantic segmentation have been compared and fully analyzed with average precision, category accuracy, F1 score and IoU as measures. The results show that DeepLabv3plus model can obtain more accurate pixel-level building extraction results, the overall accuracy can be improved by 2%, IoU can be increased by 3%, and the boundary details can be fully expressed. A method of automatic labeling is designed based on multi-source data. Experiments were carried out and proved that the sample sets produced by our method is close to the training results of true value labels.


Cluster analysis of data mining is one of the main methods,but also as an independent tool for the distribution of data,focus on a specific set further clustering analysis.This article describes the process of data mining common data clustering algorithm,cluster analysis discussed the latest research directions-Fuzzy Clustering Method.


Revision History: 11/11/98: Added summary and milestone tables. Added chapter number to section numbers, tables and figures (Tamara T. Helfer & M.A. Holdaway). 3/30/00: Updated for the ALMA specifications and added sections describing the zoom spiral configuration concept (Min S. Yun). Summary Design concepts and sample layouts for antenna configurations for the ALMA are presented. Main D&D Task Design a set of configurations which allow for a range of angular resolution and sensitivity Flexible design philosophy Configurations must allow for graceful expansion through possible collaboration Costing Optimize for shared stations to minimize cost Site placement Choose specific locations for antenna placement on Chajnantor site We assume that the ALMA will comprise N = 64 antennas of 12 m diameter. The geometric collecting area is then 7240 sq. m. Thè`collecting length'' nD, the appropriate measure of the mosaicing sensitivity and for the fraction of occupied cells, is 770 m. The collecting area and collecting length are increased by factors of 3.6 and 2.4, respectively, over the old MMA plan with N = 40 and D = 8 m. We note that the array configuration development plan will need to react to the changes and refinements in the array's concept, particularly with regard to possible collaboration with Japanese partners.


Inspection of the tongue is the main content of Chinese medicine inspection,is one of the main objective basis for determination of treatment based on pathogenesis obtained through differentiation of symptoms and signs.Clinically,patients with spleen deficiency and accompanied symptoms often can be reflected on the tongue.Professor Zhou Fusheng attaches great importance to the tongue in patients with spleen deficiency performance,and as a basis to identify and disease,one of the guidance of Clinical drug addition and subtraction.


Forward scattering by a sphere located anywhere in a Gaussian beam is calculated by using a simple numerical model based on the Fraunhofer approximation. Comparison to experimental results obtained for glass particles placed in a He–Ne laser beam shows excellent agreement. Computed diffraction patterns are displayed for centered and off-centered particles.


Based on the analysis of the characteristics of ship physical fields,this paper presents Lissojous diagram or M-S diagram for magnetic and sound fields.By fitting an M-S curve linearly,the extraction of common characters of magnetic and sound fields can be fulfilled.The analysis and simulation of different velocities,abeam distances and depths results in obtaining the spatial distribution rules of the characters.The rules are very useful to the neural network recognition algorithm for recog-nizing different states of three kinds of ships.


In this paper, a robustness metric and a sensitivity metric have been defined, which can be used to determine a suitable combination of the filter tuning parameters of the extended Kalman filter. These metrics are related to the innovation covariance and their derivation necessitates a change of paradigm from the estimated states to the estimated measurements. The characteristics of these metrics have been inferred in detail and these have been used to predict the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) performances in a 2-D falling body problem. To do so, a general method has been proposed in this paper to obtain an initial choice of the filter tuning parameters based on the available literature. The RMSE performances are then obtained for a range of variation of the most critical tuning parameter, namely the filter process noise covariance. In general, the characteristics predicted from the metrics correlate significantly with the RMSE performances, and hence these can be used to obtain the desired tradeoff between robustness and sensitivity in various filter applications.


A differential geometric approach based on the gap metric is taken to examine the uniqueness of solutions of the equations describing a feedback interconnection. It is shown that under sufficiently small perturbations on the Fréchet derivative of a nonlinear plant as measured by the gap metric, the uniqueness property is preserved if solutions exist given exogenous signals. The results developed relate the uniqueness of solutions for a nominal feedback interconnection and that involving the derivative of the plant. Causality of closed-loop operators is also investigated. It is established that if a certain open-loop mapping has an inverse over signals with arbitrary start time (i.e. zero before some initial time), then the closed-loop operator is causal provided the latter is weakly additive.


Analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes were significant for all the characters indicating existence of sufficient variability among the genotypes. The GCV and PCV was observed highest for leave length followed by number of pod per plant, plant height, pod girth, length of pod, number of branches per plant, number of leave per rachis, number of flower per inflorescence, number of seeds per pod, number of leave per rachis, yield per plant and stem girth, which is an indicative of the genetic variability exists in the drumstick germplasm accessions. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for plant height followed by leave length, length of pod, number of pod per plant, number of branches per plant, pod girth, stem girth number of flower per inflorescence number of seeds per pod which indicated that the predominance of additive gene action in the expression of these characters which could be utilized for the development of high yielding drumstick genotypes. Correlation studies revealed that the yield per plant showed the maximum significant positive correlation with number of leave per rachis follow by number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant number of flower per inflorescence stem girth, leave length, may be advantageous for selecting the high yielding genotype in drumstick from the available germplasm accessions. The path coefficient study show that the highest positive direct effect contributing to yields per plant was observed due to number of branches per plant followed by length of pod, leave length, pod girth, number of pod per plant, pod weight.


This article is based on the idea, clear enough to the intellect but seemingly difficult for most urban Canadians to grasp in the deeper parts of their beings, that Canada is an American country with a totally Indian and Eskimo past and a significant Indian and Eskimo present. The present plight of the United States is a warning of what happens to countries which choose to base themselves on technological and constitutional notions with no reference to historical realities. Thus our educational system should ensure that the ancient cultures of our country become part of our own background, in spite of those, both Indian and white, who would like the present divisions to remain. If this does occur, the country will remain a rich but weak strip of synthetic Anglo-American and Franco-American culture, with a vast decaying hinterland of aboriginal traditional ways. Since what we call "mythology" contained, directly or indirectly, most of the intellectual life of Indian and Eskimo peoples, we must therefore try to understand it, even though our minds, conditioned by Greek and Western logic, find this difficult. These cultures made only slight distinctions among those forms of understanding we classify as scientific, esthetic, moral and so on. There were clear distinctions, but they were made according to different, though equally rational, categories. (The idea that reason and logic are not the same, that logic is only a specialized tool of reason, also seems to be a difficult one. ) The intellectual life of the Indians of North Coastal British Columbia was notably rich. In this paper, which is a more concentrated continuation of an article published in Canadian Literature for February 1975, entitled Wilderness No Wilderness, I am concerned with an astronomical and seasonal diagram which, because of its abstract and geometrical nature, forms a kind of armature upon which many other ideas may be moulded. This diagram is best set forth in the astronomical and calendrical stories of the Haida weather-prophet and astronomer, Walter


That economic and fi nancial power is shifting from West to East – and specifically to China – has become a mantra of our age, repeated so often and so insistently that it appears to be widely regarded as self-evident. Frequently, it is accompanied by the assertion China is set irreversibly on the path to global pre-eminence, if not outright domination. It is only a matter of time, it is sometimes suggested, before China rules the world.


Abstract Coping strategies – cognitive, behavioral, and emotional tactics used to manage stressors – are associated with morbidity and mortality. Between-strategy coping variability, defined as (un)evenness in usage across coping strategies, may reflect context-specific coping and account for additional variance in health outcomes beyond mean strategy use. This study examined prospective associations of mean coping strategy use and between-strategy coping variability with time to death in 823 men from the Normative Aging Study. In Cox proportional hazard models, 1-SD higher in mean usage of positive action, negative action, prayer, withdrawal, and substance use strategies was associated with 17-32% greater risk of all-cause mortality over 27 years, after adjusting for baseline demographics, health status, and depression. Contrary to prior research, mortality risk did not differ by coping variability. We will consider findings within the stress and coping framework and discuss implications for biobehavioral pathways linking coping to all-cause mortality.


In this paper,using opticcs to measure,the date processing method with microcomputer are presented for minimal zone,least square of evaluating perpendicularity error in end surface to axis.The program can be evaluated the flatness and perpendicularity.The testing results show that the algorithm is correct.


F-NMR which makes the fluorine kinetic study very easy to process and evaluate. These results demonstrate that the possibility to measure 19 F-NMR spectra interleaved with the 1 H spectra without the need of any hardware adjustment enhances the kinetic information that can be obtained during on-line monitoring experiments conducted with a Spinsolve™ benchtop NMR system.


A series of poems and images inspired by a week spent in the province of Teruel, in the Spanish autonomous community of Aragon, for the 53rd Practical Geology Course run by the Summer University of Teruel. The syllable structure of the English haikus seeks to mirror the rigid geometry of crystals embedded in their matrix. Preserving this structure in Spanish without significantly changing their meaning proved an insurmountable challenge and, as such, the translations are free.


In this paper presented theoretical considerations of influence selected geometrical and feed parameters on form process of fuel air mixture. Analysis carried with help of mathematical model that described flow air and fluid process inside injector. Mathematical model make possible calculate of outflow air velocity out injector and swirl angles in function change of geometrical and feed parameters.


An experiment was conducted at Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility to develop a technique for characterizing the nonlinear fields of the beam transport system. Two air-core dipole magnets were simultaneously driven at two different frequencies to provide a time-dependent transverse modulation of the electron beam. Fourier decomposition of beam position monitor data was then used to measure the amplitude of these frequencies at different positions along the beamline. For a purely linear transport system one expects to find solely the frequencies that were applied to the dipoles with amplitudes that depend on the phase advance of the lattice. In the presence of nonlinear fields one expects to also find harmonics of the driving frequencies that depend on the order of the nonlinearity. The technique was calibrated using one of the sextupole magnets in a CEBAF beamline and then applied to a dipole to measure the sextupole and octupole strength of the magnet. A comparison is made between the beam-based measurements, results from TOSCA and data from our Magnet Measurement Facility.


We prove a dynamical analogue of the Shafarevich conjecture for morphisms $f:\mathbb{P}_K^N\to\mathbb{P}_K^N$ of degree $d\ge2$, defined over a number field $K$. This extends previous work of Silverman and others in the case $N=1$.


146 pp. Bookmarks supplied by UO. Includes maps and figures. Adopted November 13, 2002; published December 20, 2002. Captured October 26, 2007.


Methods for estimation of grow index of tealeaves based on Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function: BRDF measurements with ground based network cameras is proposed. Due to a fact that Near Infrared: NIR camera data is proportional to total nitrogen while that shows negative correlation to fiber contents, it is possible to estimate nitrogen and fiber contents in tealeaves with ground based NIR camera data and remote sensing satellite data. Through regressive analysis between measured total nitrogen and fiber contents and NIR reflectance of tealeaves in tea estates, it is found that there is a good correlation between both then regressive equations are created. Also it is found that monitoring of a grow index of tealeaves with BRDF measured with networks cameras is valid. Thus it is concluded that a monitoring of tea estates with network cameras of visible and NIR is appropriate.


The Diaries of George G. McKay: Glasgow, Scotland 1851-1854; Koroit, Victoria 1861-1868. Edited by Maxwell McKay Burnet (Great Grandson). Limited edition for family descendants. Copy no. 14 for Melbourne University. One ring binder. Transcripts of the diaries, together with M.M. Burnet's introduction, history of the diaries, contents, synopsis, chronology, maps etc. Includes the diary, 1887-1897, of Hadassah P. McKay, who was later to become the mother of Macfarlane Burnet.


Abstract : The purpose of this research is to determine an appropriate method for estimating cargo airdrop collateral damage risk. Specifically, this thesis answers the question: How can mission planners accurately predict airdrop collateral damage risk? The question is answered through a literature review and a thorough examination of a data set of real world airdrop scoring data. The data were examined to determine critical factors that affect airdrop error risks as well as to determine the characteristics of airdrop error patterns. Through this research it was determined that bivariate normal distributions with parameters pairs determined by empirical data are appropriate for modeling cargo airdrop errors patterns. Collateral risk is estimated by summing numerical integrations of a fit bivariate normal distribution for each drop type across rectangular representations of drop field objects in the field of concern. Airdrop altitude and chute type are found to make a statistically significant difference in airdrop error patterns while airdrop aircraft type does not appear to have a significant effect. This research methodology is implemented in an EXCEL spreadsheet tool that can be easily used by airdrop mission planners including an extension, requested by the research sponsors, to handle bundled drops that fall in a linear spread.


The purpose of this paper is to present the development and testing of an autonomous robot for the sumo competitions. The robot aims is to find your opponent in the ring and force it out of the demarcated area while it should not go out on their own. To achieve task the robot was developed using infrared reflection sensors to determine the position of the opponent and its position in the ring. It also presents the logic used for the automation of the robot and the detailed movements in every possible situation during the competition. At the end is presented the results obtained in a competition and possible changes for future upgrades.


A detailed study of Francis turbines reveals that the disappearance of a stagnation region that develops at part-load operation mitigates vortex breakdown, a destructive effect.


Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri (SMP N) 2 Kalimanah is a secondary school located in the Kalimanah area, Purbalingga, Central Java. Based on observations and interviews that have been conducted, there are problems at the school, namely regarding the promotion and dissemination of information outside the school which is still lacking because at this time it is only focused on posters and wall magazines. The aims of this activity are to create a school information website that specifically displays information for SMP N 2 Kalimanah then provides training for teachers to be able to fill in the website in the future. With the website, the school can connect more easily with parties outside the school because the website can be accessed by everyone anywhere and anytime as long as it is connected to an internet connection. The service activities are divided into several stages, namely need assessment, application implementation, presentation and website training to teachers, as well as simulation and testing. The result of this activity is a school information website at SMP N 2 Kalimanah that can display news, photos, and activities in the school environment to the wider community. In addition, based on the User Acceptance Test that have been carried out, 95% of respondents stated that the school information website had succeeded in solving the problems of promotion and news delivery at SMP N 2 Kalimanah.


Pseudogonalos hahniiis the only known species of Trigonalidae in Europe. It is a hyperparasitoid of lepidopteran larvae via ichneumonid primary parasitoids. Possibly, it has also been reared from a symphytan larva. We report the species for the first time from Estonia, Lithuania and Russian Fennoscandia, and list all known observations from Finland and Latvia. An overview of the biology of the species is presented with a list of all known host records.


We explore the possibility of measuring the CKM parameter gamma using CP tagged decays at a very high luminosity e+e- B Factory. A new collider capable of integrating as much as 10 inverse attobarns per year is being discussed as a possible future for SLAC beyond the current PEP-II program, and could also be in the future of KEK. In two years of operation, it could be possible for a successor to BaBar or Belle to accumulate a sample of one million CP tagged B decays. We find that a theoretically clean extraction of gamma with uncertainty less than 5 degrees may be achievable in the analysis of such a data set.


Background The evolution of the female orgasm in humans and its role in romantic relationships is poorly understood. Whereas the male orgasm is inherently linked to reproduction, the female orgasm is not linked to obvious reproductive or survival benefits. It also occurs less consistently during penetrative sex than does the male orgasm. Mate-choice hypotheses posit that the wide variation in female orgasm frequency reflects a discriminatory mechanism designed to select high-quality mates. Objective We aimed to determine (1) whether women report that their orgasm frequency varies between partners, (2) whether this variation reflects mates' personal characteristics, and (3) whether this variation reflects own and partner sexual behaviour during intercourse. Design We collected survey data from 103 women who rated (1) the extent to which their orgasm frequency varied between partners, (2) the characteristics of previous sexual partners who induced high-orgasm frequency and those who induced low-orgasm frequency, and (3) the specific behaviours during sex with those partners. This is the first study to test within-woman variation in orgasm and partner traits. Results Overall, women reported variation in their orgasm rates with different partners. Partners who induced high-orgasm rates were rated as more humorous, creative, warm, faithful, and better smelling than partners who induced low-orgasm rates, and also engaged in greater efforts to induce partner orgasm. Conclusions Some assumptions and predictions of mate-choice hypotheses of female orgasm were supported, while other aspects of our findings provide reasons to remain sceptical.


The Moon itself is an exciting destination, but once the Apollo 16 astronauts landed, they used it as a viewing platform to look deep into the cosmos.


This paper describes a flow control of the dye in the paper mill with the quasi-Z-source indirect matrix converter (QZSIMC) fed induction motor drive. More than a decade the voltage-source inverter (VSI) and current-source inverter (CSI) have been used to control the speed of the induction motor, which in turns controls the flow of dye. Recently, the matrix converter (MC) has been an excellent competitor for the VSI or CSI for its compactness. The voltage transfer ratio of the VSI, CSI, and MC has been limited to 0.866. Thus, the efficiency of these converters is less. To improve the voltage transfer ratio the quasi-Z-source network (QZSN) is to be used between voltage source and indirect MC (IMC). The modification in the shoot-through duty ratio of the QZSN varies the voltage transfer ratio greater than 0.866. Different voltage transfer ratios are needed for different voltage sag conditions. For a variation of the duty ratio of the QZSN, the fuzzy logic controller has been presented. To control the IMC vector control with space vector modulation has been presented. This paper proposes the implementation of QZSIMC adjustable speed drive for the flow control of dye in paper mill during different voltage sag conditions. A 4-kW prototype has been built and the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified with simulation results and experimental setup. Simulation is done in MATLAB, Simulink platform. Experimental setup is done with the aid of a TMS320F2812 (Texas Instrument) processor. The experimental results validate the maintenance of the speed of an induction motor at the set condition, thus controlling the perfect flow of dye in paper manufacturing technology.


This work presents the approach of directly stabilizing the metrology lasers of a long-range nanopositioning and measuring machine to an optical frequency comb. The frequency comb is referenced to a GPS disciplined oscillator. This way a direct and permanent link of the laser frequency to an atomic clock is created allowing direct traceability to the SI meter definition. Furthermore the longterm stability of the individual comb lines can be transferred onto the metrology lasers enhancing their longterm stability by three orders of magnitude.


In the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), there are about 300 regions where at the moment there are acute dangers to human life due to environmental pollution. These areas comprise about four million square kilometers, whichcorresponds to twenty percent of the former U.S.S.R. Boris Kochurov, a researcher at the Geographical Institute of the Academy of Sciences in Moscow, estimates that alreadyevery third citizenof the CIS lives in an "ecologically critical region." In the overcrowded regions, where heavy industry is concentrated, people inhale industrial exhaust gases and drink polluted water. The health of the millions of inhabitants of such big cities as Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as the cities of the Donets Basin, the Urals, Azerbaijan and Krivoy Rog in Ukraine is directly threatened. But the catastrophe not only concerns the industrial areas. The fifth edition of the document, "The Most Critical Ecological Situations in the CIS," shows forty-seven sites of underground nuclear testing and twenty underground atomic waste disposal sites. The Russian atomic scientist, Andrei Solotkov, maintained that for years the U.S.S.R. probably sank the atomic waste from the reactors of scrapped Soviet atomic submarines and ice-breakers in the Kara Sea, west of Murmansk. According to KGB documents, from 1964 to 1986, 17,000 containers were thrown into the sea. The disposal, however, was not undertaken according to international rules for putting radioactive materials into a 'coffin' or a coat of concrete, by bitumenizing, or by vitrification. The


Local drug delivery is the process by which therapeutic agents are administered to targeted segments of the circulatory system to treat vascular disease. The aims are to optimize therapeutic efficacy by direct drug administration and to minimize untoward effects associated with systemic delivery. This is accomplished in humans with drug-eluting stents (DES), drug-coated balloons (DCB), and direct catheter delivery.

Local drug delivery has revolutionized the percutaneous treatment of coronary artery disease. Though many forms of local drug delivery are used, the most significant advance in this vascular bed relates to reductions in restenosis after DES implantation.1 Interest in translating these successes of local drug delivery from the coronaries to the peripheral vasculature is obvious and desirable, particularly in vascular beds hindered by high restenosis rates.

Paclitaxel is a taxane derivative with antiproliferative properties that make it effective in treating coronary restenosis.2 Paclitaxel has been used in most vascular beds, and several trials using different methods of local delivery for the treatment of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have been recently reported.3–5 The discussion that follows aims to (1) describe the characteristics of paclitaxel that make it suitable for local drug delivery, (2) review the reported literature of paclitaxel use in noncoronary vascular beds, and (3) compare methods and discuss future directions of local drug delivery for PAD.

Paclitaxel is a natural diterpenoid found in Taxus species.2 It inhibits microtubule disassembly and disrupts normal cellular processes including protein signaling, mitosis, and migration.6 Paclitaxel is generally cytostatic, though higher drug concentrations may cause tissue necrosis.7 Paclitaxel is highly lipophilic and poorly soluble in water.8 This promotes rapid tissue uptake, a property that enables brief drug exposure to vessel walls to result in adequate tissue concentrations.

Compared with other antiproliferatives such as sirolimus, the …


We examined the relation between the tooth guide in lateral excursion and habitual chewing side. Out of the 90 subjects studied, 45 had a chewing side preference (habitual chewing group), 19 preferring the right side and 26 preferring the left side. 32 subjects were randomly selected as the control from the subjects without chewing side preference. The data of working side guidance and balancing contacts in those groups were evaluated by principal component analysis. The following results are obtained:1. In the control group, the working side guidance by cuspid and premolars was predominantly observed compared with that in the habitual chewing group.2. The M-type guide of the cuspid was observed on both sides in the control group, while that in habitual chewing group was more predominant on the habitual side than on the opposite side.3. The balancing contacts were considered to be influenced when the working side guidance was not confirmed clearly. The habitual chewing side may be the side with less balancing contact on the working side in mastication.4. The features of tooth guide in lateral excursion had some similarities between the subjects with right/left TMJ symptoms and right/left chewing group. The above suggests TMJ symptoms may appear on the habitual chewing side.


Most of the 14C measurements reported here were made between October 1972 and October 1973. Equipment, measurement, and treatment of samples are the same as reported previously (R, 1968, v 10, p 36–37; 1970, v 12, p 534).


Whereas coronary arteriography demonstrates success of reflow or recanalization after intracoronary thrombolysis, myocardial perfusion imaging with thallium-201 (/sup 201/Tl) permits assessment of viability of reperfused myocytes. The initial distribution of /sup 201/Tl in the myocardium immediately after intravenous injection is the result of both blood flow delivery of the radionuclide to the heart and the extraction fraction for /sup 201/Tl. If /sup 201/Tl is administered during a period of coronary occlusion, a scintigraphic defect will be observed in the territory of the occluded vessel. If, subsequently, blood flow is restored, as with reperfusion, and cellular kinetics transport of /sup 201/Tl returns to normal, myocardial regions initially deprived of /sup 201/Tl will demonstrate delayed redistribution and the defect will tend to normalize within several hours. In a sustained coronary occlusion, the defect will persist after /sup 201/Tl injection. Specific imaging protocols that have been or can be used to assess thrombolytic therapy are reviewed. If intracoronary streptokinase infusion is associated with a substantial enhancement of perfusion and preservation of cellular integrity in the ischemic zone, delayed /sup 201/Tl images obtained several hours after intravenous injection of the radionuclide will demonstrate significantly more /sup 201/Tl activity than the images before reflow. Directmore » intracoronary injections of /sup 201/Tl down the infarct vessel have also been used to evaluate the benefit of thrombolytic therapy by the demonstration of increased /sup 201/Tl uptake after reperfusion in the ischemic zone. Finally, computer methods for subtracting serial images obtained after two separate intravenous /sup 201/Tl injections administered before and after streptokinase infusion might be used to derive a ''functional image'' of the ischemic region that would quantitatively be proportional to the amount of myocardial salvage achieved.« less


A well-resolved decameric water ring was formed in the cryptand-phthalic acid supramolecular adduct of [H 6 L][(PA)-(HPA)] 2 ·(H 2 O) 10 , 1·(H 2 O) 10 (PA 2- = phthalate anion, L = N[(CH 2 ) 2 NHCH 2 (C 6 H 4 -p)CH 2 NH(CH 2 ) 2 ] 3 N). Formations of eight additional hydrogen bonds between the decameric water ring and the adjacent PA 2- and HPA - anions make the water ring stable at room temperature. Structural refinement using low-temperature collected data gave an approximate composition of 1·(H 2 O) 10.67 , in which an extra tetrameric water ring was formed and the tetrameric water rings alternately connect the decameric water rings via sharing the apical 0(12) atoms to generate a novel one-dimensional water chain.


Objective
To investigate the role of protein O-linked mannose β1, 2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (POMGnT1) in the pathogenic process of Alzheimer′s disease (AD).

Methods
The expression of POMGnT1 gene was examined in AD model cells (N2a/amyloid-precursor protein (APP) 695swe, n=3) and N2a/wt cells (n=3) using real-time PCR and Western blotting. This expression was also examined in AD model mice (APP/PS1, n=3) and wild-type mice (n=3) using immunofluorescence staining. Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) were examined in POMGnT1-gene-knockout mice (n=3) and wild-type mice (n=3) using immunochemistry.

Results
The expression of POMGnT1 gene decreased in mRNA and protein levels in N2a/APP695swe cells compared to N2a/wt cells (mRNA: 0.80±0.02 vs 1.00, t=10.52, P<0.01; protein: 0.50±0.02 vs 1.31±0.04, t=18.64, P<0.01). Immunofluorescence results showed the reduced expression of POMGnT1 protein in neurons of APP/PS1 mice. Immunochemistry results showed more Aβ deposits in POMGnT1-gene-knockout mice (2 months old: 0.358±0.014 vs 0.048±0.001, t=22.58, P<0.01; 1 year old: 0.266±0.004 vs 0.229±0.003, t=7.771, P=0.002).

Conclusion
These findings suggest POMGnT1 gene may play an important role in the pathogenic process of AD.

Key words:
Alzheimer disease; Glycosylation; Mannosyltransferases; Mice


The driving-point admittance and the amplitude and phase distributions of the current referred to the driving-point were measured for an insulated cylindrical antenna immersed in a conducting medium. The ratio \sigma/\omega\epsilon_{r}\epsilon_{0} of the conducting medium was varied from \sigma/\omega\epsilon_{r}\epsilon_{0}= 0.036 to 8.8, a range which includes a variety of media such as poor insulators, the ionosphere, plasmas, dry earth, wet earth, lake water and sea water. The antenna height \beta h in radians was varied from \beta h=0.1 through \beta h=2\pi at intervals of 0.1. The thickness of the insulator was varied from b/a = 1.25 to b/a = 12.0 where a is the radius of the antenna and b the radius of the insulator. Measurements have also been made of the admittance, current and phase distributions along an insulated antenna with a conductive top load, that is, one whose tip is in direct contact with the conducting medium. It is found that when the tip of the antenna is in direct contact with the conducting medium, the current increases almost linearly as the end of the antenna is approached. This is quite unlike the decaying sinusoidal distribution on the completely insulated antenna. In a general sense, the experimental results are in fair agreement with an approximate theoretical expression for the admittance of an insulated antenna immersed in a highly conducting solution. The approximate theory is based on the driving-point admittance of a coaxial line whose outer conductor is imperfectly conducting and infinite in extent.


A Monte Carlo simulation technique has been used to investigate the effect of sulphur impurity and ceria support on the surface composition and catalytic activity of Pt–Rh/ceria nanocatalysts. For temperatures in the range of 400–1300 K the surface Pt concentration decreases with increase in sulphur coverage. The Pt concentration at the base of the nanocatalyst in contact with the support increases with metal-support interaction. However, for weak metal-support interaction (Vms<-0.01 eV) the surface Pt concentration slightly increases with metal-support interaction. Overall, sulphur is found to influence the surface composition much more strongly than the metal-support interaction. The MC-simulated surface composition results have been used to study the energetics of the CO+NO reactions over Pt–Rh/CeO2 catalysts. It is found that the CO2 formation rate decreases with increase in sulphur coverage and marginally increases with metal-support interaction up to Vms=-0.01 eV. All the results qualitatively agree with the experimental results.


With growing social science interest in the potential for images to facilitate access to embodied experience, this study re-examines the relative value of visual and verbal methods in body-oriented research. Taking one lead from Kyrölä's (2016) idea of body image as the relationship between representation and corporeality, and another from Gendlin's (1993, 1995, 1997) methods for attending to and articulating from pre-reflective experience, we develop a method that juxtaposes words and images to explore the role of pre-reflective understanding on body image among teenage girls. The study highlights both an influencing role for pre-reflective understanding in body image and the availability of pre-reflective understanding to participants. While recognising persistent challenges in communicating embodied experience, we propose a method for engaging and working with embodied or pre-reflective experience in social science research by integrating the verbal and the visual in a specific way.


Another new method called addition[1] that could obtain a k2 order magic square from two k order magic squares was put forward.Two theorems were proved: Add up two half-magic squares and you would get ak2order perfect magic square;Add up two odd numberk(=2m+1,m=1,2,…)order symmetrical magic squares and you would get a k2 order symmetrical and perfect magic square.


The microstructure of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr RE-containing magnesium alloy was investigated by means of differential thermal analysis and metallo-graphic microscope.The results show that the majority of alloy elements turn into solid solution through uniform heat treatment at 530℃ for 4h.Hot compression tests of Mg-11.21Gd-2.26Y-0.44Zr alloy were performed with Gleeble3800 thermal modeling tester at strain rate 0.001s-1~0.1s-1,deformation temperature 320℃~480℃,and the deformation degree not exceeding 60%.The results show that the flow stress behavior and microstructures strongly depend on the deformation temperature and strain rate during hot compression deformation;the flow stress can be calculated by Sellars equation;the activation energy during hot deformation is 225.67kJ·mol-1 by calculation.


Ore bodies of the Linglong Xishan(West mountain) gold deposit are strictly controlled by NE compresso-shear fault.Spatially,they occur mainly in the syngenetic structure.Both of the ore bodies and the fault all show patterns of swelling and shrinkage,pinching out and reappearing,branching and convergence,en echelon distribution and plunging.From top to depth mineralization is not abruptly weakened but gradually suggesting that a certain mineralization extension to depth is possible.Therefore,we predict that it is potential to depth according to the evident structural control pattern.


Background – Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) have a negative impact on both patients and hospitals. The Central Sterile Services Department
(CSSD) is responsible for providing sterilised medical devices for clinical procedures. CSSD is an essential in-house service for patient care, and it
serves as a signicant indirect cost centre for hospitals. This study ana Methodology– lysed the cost of operations in the CSSD of a Tertiary Care
Teaching Government Hospital in Lucknow, India using the absorption costing method. The Results– total operating cost of CSSD was ₹
13,09,445.98/month, with 43% of the cost being borne by manpower, 22% on electricity and water, 20% on consumables, 12% on machines, and
3% on building. The average cost of CSSD for surgical beds was found to be ₹ 68.52/day. The study's results can aid hospital Conclusionadministration in decision-making, process redesigning, and allocation of the hospital budget for CSSD operations.


This research compares market reaction to seasoned equity offering (SEO) with investment purpose and debt repayment purpose. The research was triggered by pecking order theory's. The sample of this research is 62 Indonesian public companies that carried out SEO during the 2013 to 2019 period. The SEO announcement date is used as event date. The event window is five days around the event date. Abnormal return is measured by market-adjusted model. The result of independent sample t-test shows that market reaction to SEO with investment purpose is better than market reaction to SEO with debt repayment purpose. Average cumulative abnormal return (CAR) of SEO with investment purpose is 0.038 and for SEO with debt repayment purpose is minus 0.006. The difference is statistically significant (p-value=0.011). Therefore, it is concluded that  markets response to additional equity offering, in this case using SEO, depends on the purpose of the SEO.
Keywords: Seasoned Equity Offering; Market Reaction; Abnormal Return; Market-Adjusted Model.


The presence of 'vagrants' of the eastern Atlantic surgeonfish Acanthurus monroviae is confirmed for the south-eastern coast of Brazil. Three other species, Aulostomus strigosus (Aulostomidae). Parablennius pilicornis (Blenniidae) and Epinephelus marginatus (Serranidae) have apparently also crossed the Atlantic from east to west, whereas the great majority of 'amphi-Atlantic' species appears to have their origin in the western Atlantic.


In the anesthetized rat, dog and cat, fenfluramine (0.5-10 mg/kg i.v.) produced a transient hypotensive response followed by a more dominant and prolonged hypertensive response. Pretreatment of the dog and cat with phenoxybenzamine, reserpine or cocaine eliminated the hypertensive phase. In the anesthetized cat, fenfluramine produced a contraction of the nictitating membrane which was blocked by phenoxybenzamine and reserpine. Intraventricular administration of fenfluramine to cats anesthetized with α-chloralose produced a hypotensive response that was eliminated by 24-hour intraventricular pretreatment with reserpepine. Fenfluramine HCl 30 mg/kg i.p.) reduced the myocardial concentration of NE in rats by 30 to 45% at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours after administration. This reduction occurred in both the high speed supernatant and granular fractions. Gas chromatographic analysis for fenfluramine indicated that it accumulated in the supernatant and granular fractions associated with storage of NE which was not inhibited by cocaine. Preincubation of isolated guinea-pig atria with fenfluramine reduced the accumulation of He 3 -NE, the reduction being directly related to the concentration of fenfluramine. When fenfluramine was added to the perfusate of in situ isolated cat spleens tagged with He 3 -NE, there was a 50% increase in the radioactivity of the perfusate leaving the spleen. From these findings, it was concluded that fenfluramine produces its peripheral responses by releasing or displacing NE from one or more of its neuronal storage sites.


To advance disk drive design for increased performance and reliability, a thorough understanding of flow and thermal transport in the disk file is essential. The primary objective of this study is to examine the effects of slider arm blockage on the convective characteristics in a 3.5-inch corotating disk stack. Using an analogous mass transfer system based on naphthalene sublimation, the detailed distribution of local mass transfer coefficient over the disk surface is determined by an automated micropositioning system. By analogy, the mass transfer coefficient can be transformed to the corresponding heat transfer coefficient and friction coefficient. All the transport coefficients reveal strong variation with the arm blockage in the radial direction. However, overall average transfer coefficient obtained by integrating their corresponding local values are rather insensitive to the extent of arm protrusion.


Resuspended road dust has, during the last years, proved to be a contributivecause to high concentrations of inhalable particles (PM10) in ambient air.The connection of PM10 to negative health effe ...


A water jet cutting machine was used to slice potato tubers, and characteristics of the cut surfaces were studied. Irregularities on the cut face were visualized by staining with a nonspecific protein stain. The amount of protein extractable from the cut face was measured and used to quantitate the cellular damage resulting from different water jet operational conditions. Observations were confirmed with scanning electron microscopy. A wide range of water jet settings could be used to cut potato slices. French fries cut with the water jet set to cause intermediate subsurface damage had increased color irregularities but no extreme taste or textural differences compared to conventionally cut controls.


Please cite this article as: Zeanah CH, Chesher T, Boris N, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Committee on Quality Issues (CQI), Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder Development and Attribution, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.08.004.


Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are all-fibre optical filters with applications in sensing and telecommunication systems. The packaging of FBGs offers many challenges to the manufacturer as stringent tolerances for wavelength stability of the filter over widely varying environmental operating conditions are required for state of the art Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) telecommunication systems. This paper presents various processes and packaging techniques that have been developed for FBGs in order to meet these requirements.


The surface aberration effect in the strain scanning method with a Ge analyzer was examined using high- energy X-rays from the undulator synchrotron source. The synchrotron X-rays from the undulator source had an enough intensity for the strain scanning method using a goniometer with the analyzer. The use of a Ge (111) analyzer showed remarkable reduction of the surface aberration effect. However, there still existed the surface aberration for the very-near surface region from the surface to the depth of 50µm. A correction method was proposed by taking into account of the effects of the divergence of the Ge analyzer, the mis-setting of the analyzer and the X-ray attenuation. The proposed correction method was very useful for eliminating the surface aberration effect. The correction method enables a high space-resolutive evaluation of the subsurface stress distribution. The method was successfully applied to the determination of the residual stress distribution of the shot-peened steel. A precise d0 value of the strain-free lattice spacing necessary was determined from the surface stress measured by the conventional sin2ψ method using Cr-Kα radiation.


Herodotus opens the chapter of the Histories with a remark about Sesostrisas the only Egyptian king to rule Aithiopia. In reality, Sesostris' originals, Senusret I and Senusret III, were not the only Egyptian kings to rule parts or the whole of Nubia. In the history of Egypt to the reign of Amasis there are two passages dealing with the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty, 2.137+139 and 2.152. To escape from Sabacos' army, King Anysis fled "into the marshes" where he lived on the island of Elbo. As promised him by an oracle that he received in Aithiopia before he had launched his Egyptian campaign, Sabacos reigned for fifty years over Egypt. Into his account of the customs of the Egyptians, Herodotus inserts a digression about the relations between the Egyptians, the Aithiopians, and the Ammonians. The Aithiopian passages discussed in this chapter are inserted in the account of the Libyan tribes.Keywords: Aithiopia; Egypt; Herodotus; Nubia; Sesostris; Twenty-Fifth Dynasty


F imaging of mice was carried out. For F imaging, 5-flouro-uracil (5-FU) was injected into a mouse and in vivo detection of the catabolism of 5-FU to a-fluoro-P-alanine (FBAL) was carried out. The chemical shift selective (CHESS) imaging technique was employed. The 19F spectra and images give temporal and spatial information of the metabolism for 5-FU in mice.


The incorporation model of micromixing first developed conceptually and quantified by Villermaux and co-workers has been extended to cover both higher rates of micromixing (higher mean and local sp...


Agriculture is classified as a primary sector and is assigned an important role for giving employment opportunity, income generation and fulfilment of starvation needs considered as principal source of livelihood for more than 58% of the population of India. The agricultural production is highly dependent on the weather and is brutally impacted by attack of pests and diseases. The unpredictable and uncontrollable extraneous peril in Indian agriculture has made production risky. The present study makes an attempt to study the status of crop insurance and adaptability of crop Insurance, purchase benefits and satisfaction level among 50 farmers through random sampling method spread over 10 villages in Madikeri taluk of Kodagu District. Questionnaire was distributed for identifying factors influencing and main constraints faced in adoption of crop insurance schemes. The study reveals that landholding size of the farmers, age, income level, access to loan facilities, source of obtaining information about crop insurance programme, number of years occupied in farming activities and loss of crop due to unfavourable weather conditions were the major factors influencing the farmers to adopt crop insurance. Delayed settlement of claims, lack of compensation by the government and insurance companies, lack of awareness about the crop insurance schemes and lengthy procedure to obtain crop insurance after the high disasters were the major constraints faced by the farmers of Kodagu district.


The NADH models, (1R)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide and (1R)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide (1-4, R = X-benzyl or octyl), are readily oxidized by methylene blue (MB⊕), yielding the corresponding pyridinium ions and leuco-methylene blue (MBH). Under aerobic reaction conditions, molecular oxygen, present in the reaction solution, rapidly reoxidizes MBH to MB⊕, thereby allowing the study of the oxidation of the NADH models under pseudo-first-order reaction conditions. In order to elucidate the mechanism of the oxidation of the NADH models by MB⊕, the influence of the MB⊕ concentration, solvent and temperature has been studied as well as the effect of substituent variation in the benzyl group in a series of 1-(X-benzyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamides (1a-f). For one of the model compounds, 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (1a, BNAH), the primary and the secondary isotope effect and the temperature dependence of the kinetic isotope effect have been determined. It is concluded that oxidation of the NADH models by MB⊕ most likely proceeds by a rate-determining hydride transfer process via a linear, symmetrical transition-state structure.


We investigated certain bicomplex duals of the class of bicomplex sequences defined by Srivastava & Srivastava [S2] and of the subclasses defined by Nigam [N1] and Wagh [W2]. Köthe & Toeplitz duals for bicomplex sequence spaces, defined and studied in [W3], have been extended further. Two types of duals namely αβ dual and βα dual have been defined and relations between these duals and the duals of classes defined by [S2] and subclasses defined by [W2] have been established. Relation between these duals and the i2 – conjugate of a bicomplex number is also studied. AMS Subject Classification: 46A45, 46B45.


Surrealism is primarily an endeavour to find the arches of art and to analyze them namely element-by-element. In the article the history of French surrealism in different arts is presented as a history of ideas and forms that have become the general-cultural heritage.


Through comparative study on lose wind velocity,roughness length and the rate of sand transporting of the dissimilarity height of different material types of sand barrier. The results shown that with the increasing of distance from the sand barriers,the percentage of losing wind speed and the roughness length of three kinds of materials decreasing gradually,and the rate of sand transporting increasing gradually. The wind prevention and sand resistance effect of three kinds of materials is not reach to 10H,and the benefit of the wind prevention and sand resistance of Atriplex canescens barrier and Salix psammophila barrier are greater significantly than nylon net barrier.


Because of the existence of the high resistivity skull,the variations of the boundary voltages which are caused by the resistivity changes inside the target area are different to that with non skull object during EIT measurement. In order to study these variations,a simulation model which consists of 7300 resistors was established based on the anatomical atlas of the human head.Simulation results based on this model shown that the existence of the skull and CSF caused the dynamic range of boundary voltages increased from 17 to 28 times.As the skull and CSF was considered,the resulted average and the maximal normalized boundary voltage changes decreased by 11.4 and 8.3 times respectively when the spatial resolution is 0.09 and the conductivity resolution is 0.25.Based on those results,we think that the hardware of brain EIT should be able to measure 0.01% of the boundary voltages changes compared with their full scale ranges(FSR) so that it can detect the resistivity disturbance like this.


The variable frequency speed control is one of the most important issues for fan filter unit (FFU) system. A novel digital variable frequency control system for FFU motors were proposed and developed to decrease running losses, and improve the speed control effect and accuracy. The system uses high-performance digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F2812 as the control core, which adopts a dedicated motor pulse width modulation (PWM) control module to achieve the FFU motors real-time online digital variable frequency control. The composition and working principle of control system were illustrated, the hardware and software design were illustrated in detail. Finally, the experimental results on control system prototype were given, which confirm the effectiveness and validity of the control strategy, and demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve accurate variable frequency speed control of FFU motors.


Background. Patients who undergo surgery for colorectal cancer resulting in an abdominal stoma need extensive teaching and counseling to fully recover and enjoy a satisfactory quality of life.


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CHLOROFORM WITH PLBNTY OF Am. The rapidity and depth of this fall is directly dependent upon the concentration of the chloroform, so that if care is taken to give the chloroform with plenty of air it is possible to obtain ansesthesia with very little fall of pressure, for the heart is very little affected by blood containing only a small amount of chloroform. On the other hand, administration of chloroform with plenty of air, continued after complete anDesthesia has been produced, does ultimately overpower the respiration, although the heart is beating sufficiently well to maintain the blood pressure at a fairly good level. Jrhese statements are well illustrated by an experiment on December 11th, 1890 (Fig. 11),21 where chloroform was administered to a rabbit continuously for a long period of time by dropping it on to a cloth placed round the head of the animal in a conical shape, so as to leave a free opening for air about two inches in diameter. Every now and then tie part of the cloth upon which the chloroform was poured was brought closer to the nose and mouth of the animal, and the moment of bringing the chloroform nearer and of removing it again was noted on the kymograph paper. In the tracings a, b, c, d, e, f, Fig. 11, samples of the respiration and bloodpressure curves are given at various times throughout the experiment; as stated already, chloroform was steadily administered during the whole time. In Tracing a, taken before the administration of chloroform at 3.34 we see: mean blood pressure, 64; pulse rate per minute, 222 ; respiration rate per minute, 30. The chloroform was then placed on the cloth, and the effect of bringing the chloroform nearer and removing it further tried for a number of times. An example of the effect produced is given in Tracing b, showing the inhibition of the respiratory movements, the slowing of the pulse, and the rise of blood pressure owing to the stimulation of the trigeminal and pharyngolaryngeal nerves, when the chloroform is more concentrated; immediately the cloth is removed further from the nose the blood pressure returns to its normal condition, and the slowened respiration gradually quickens up to its previous rate. This experiment was repeated again and again with similar results. The effect of the continuous administration of chloroform in this way for 14 minutes ig given in Tracing c, taken at 4.48, where we see: mean blood pressure, 67; pulse rate per minute, 218; respiration rate per minute, 31. Further continuation of the same experiment shows that the inhibition of the respirations and the slowing of the pulse when the chloroform is brought nearer to the nose become less marked; and, finally, after 3.56-that is, 22 minutes after the beginning of the experiment-the blood pressure and the respirations remained absolutely unaffected when the chloroform was brought close to the nose. At the same time, it was noticed that the corneal reflex was entirely abolished. Tracing d, at 3.57, shows the absence of any effect upon temporary concentration of the chloroform, and we see: mean blood pressure, 69 mm.; pulse rate per minute, 204; respiration rate per minute, 42. It is noticeable that at this period, when all reflexes were abolished and the animal was in a condition of complete anaesthesia, the blood pressure was not lower than before the commencement of the experiment, and the only sign of the action of the anaesthetic is to be found in thc quicker respiration. At 3.58 the respiration rate per minute had increased to 46, the pulse tracing and respiration both remaining absolutely regular. At 3.59 the respiration was 45 per minute, at which it remained till 4.1, the mean blood pressure being then 62 mm. Both respiration rate and blood pressure continued steadily to diminish, and at 4.3, when Tracing e was taken, we see: mean blood pressure, 50 mm.; pulse rate per minute, 218; respiration rate per minute, 37. At 4.5 the respiration rate was 35; at 4.7, 31; at 4.8, 29 ; and at 4.9 the respiration had ceased. The termination of the experiment is shown in Tracing f, in which is seen the diminishing force of the diaphragm contractions, with the final rate, and we see: mean blood pressure, 48 mm.; pulse rate per minute, 126; respiration rate per minute, 24. It is noticeable in this case, as in others (Figs. 1, 2, and 3),22


Writer identification is a classification problem where the classes correspond to a group of writers and the data points are their handwriting samples. This paper proposes an approach to offline text-sensitive writer identification on the basis of a probabilistic generative model of isolated handwritten digits. The model parameters are learned separately for each writer, and the writer of query samples is identified via Bayes decision rule. We deal with a scenario where just a few handwritten instances of a certain Latin digit exist as the training set for each writer. To handle the data sparseness problem, the parameters are learned in a fully Bayesian fashion instead of point estimators through a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm. In addition, the hyperparameters are obtained from a background set which contains samples from various writers. Due to computational concerns, an explicit likelihood function is not defined in the model. Instead, the ideas of approximate Bayesian computation have been used in performing inference. Experimental results support the key ideas of the proposed approach.


Consumer structure is an important indicator to reflect the people's living standards and the economic structure.Scientific consumption structure of rural residents can stimulate rural consumption market.With the factor analysis,this paper makes empirical analysis on the consumption structure of rural residents in Shanxi in 1999~2010.It reveals its change law and provides recommendations for further optimization of the consumption structure of rural residents.


Another fecund year rewards those privileged to specialize in Mark Twain studies. Foremost is the justifiable boast of the Mark Twain Project to have produced ''a new critical edition'' of Twain's masterpiece ''with the only authoritative text based on the complete manuscript.'' A new biography joins several recent e√orts to capture Mark Twain in print. Two breakthrough books turn up troubling aspects of the Hannibal years once presumed to be nearly idyllic—the inescapable racism of that antebellum village and the life-altering tensions between two of the Clemens brothers. In a sign of advancing specialization, even Mark Twain's ''personal experience with . . . the competing medical systems of the nineteenth century'' gains a book of its own. Twain's business a√airs likewise receive book-length examination. Another Oxford reference book assists experts and general readers alike. A magnificent CD-ROM product gives every reader the advantages formerly requiring trips to Bu√alo and Berkeley. The founding of a handsome new journal o√ers an additional venue for those seeking to place critical or pedagogical essays.


When digital broadcasting services are provided through cable television (CATV) networks, viewers watching interactive programs such as quizzes or auctions may respond to the program within a short period. If these responses are transmitted in the upstream channel of the CATV networks using TCP/IP, they will result in burst traffic. The numerous TCP connections will trigger congestion in the upstream transmission facilities and will cause a significant delay in conventional Internet services such as web-browsing. The present paper proposes a new method of controlling the CATV upstream channel to avoid such congestion. We introduce class-based queues at each cable TV station, in which each service class is related to a type of interactive service. The status of the queue is relayed to the cable modems of subscribers using a CATV-specific MAC protocol. This queue-status information is used to suspend further initiation of TCP connections at cable modems. As a result, the TCP connections will be arbitrated in the CATV network, while the delay of the response transmission is traded for smoothing of the burst traffic. We numerically evaluate the effect of the proposed method using the time distribution of responses to an actual quiz program. The results show that the proposed method successfully suppresses interference of the burst traffic with conventional best-effort services.


This article argues for using rhetorical quandaries as a basis for composition courses. Following work in composition that considers the notion of "problem," the article explores constraints as a way to determine main difficulties in writing situations. Course examples indicate connections between difficult writing moments and larger societal dilemmas.


ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to present results obtained by the "Bassin d'essais des carènes" during CYCLOPE project, which was devoted to security and lifetime of surface ships. "Le Bassin" had mainly to achieve trials with rigid and elastic beam segmented models, in order to determine the vertical bending moment. Quantitative comparison of testing campaigns shows that the two techniques give the same results, even in severe sea conditions and even though transient loadings occur. Thanks to this study, "le Bassin" has underlined particularities attached to each type of segmented model, and provides elements helping to choose between them, taking into account expected results, input data, and methodology constraints.


Within the framework of stochastic electrodynamics we derive the noise spectrum of a laser beam reflected from a suspended mirror. The electromagnetic field follows Maxwell's equations and is described by a deterministic part that accounts for the laser field and a stochastic part that accounts for thermal and zero-point background fluctuations. Likewise, the mirror motion satisfies Newton's equation of motion and is composed of deterministic and stochastic parts, similar to a Langevin equation. We consider a photodetector that records the power of the field reflected from the mirror interfering with a frequency-shifted reference beam (heterodyne interferometry). We theoretically show that the power spectral density of the photodetector signal is composed of four parts: (i) a deterministic term with beat notes, (ii) shot noise, (iii) the actual heterodyne signal of the mirror motion and (iv) a cross term resulting from the correlation between measurement noise (shot noise) and backaction noise (radiation pressure shot noise). The latter gives rise to the Raman sideband asymmetry observed with ultracold atoms, cavity optomechanics and with levitated nanoparticles. Our classical theory fully reproduces experimental observations and agrees with the results obtained by a quantum theoretical treatment.


AbstractClimate change adaptation in the infrastructure sector has received increased attention in recent years, but local governments and asset managers frequently find it difficult to identify th...


Measurements were made of the optical transmission properties of pure high‐resistivity (≳1010Ω cm) zinc sulfide single crystals. Transmission measurements were made as a function of crystal thermal processing history. From the data, relative imperfection concentrations were calculated. In particular, the data exhibit a marked increase in the zinc vacancy concentration with temperature. This provides independent confirmation of evidence acquired in studies of Ohmic contacts and Schottky barriers on zinc sulfide.


A control system of three-phase hybrid stepping motor based on AT89C51 is introduced in this paper.With current-tracing PWM method,the current of three-phase windings was controlled to close sinusoidal wave,thus round magnetic field with approximate constant amplitude in the electrical machinery can be formed.By the sine-wave microstep method,resolution ratio of hybrid stepping motor can be improved and low-frequency vibration can be weaken synchronously.


In this paper, we show how the non-holomic control technique can be employed to build completely controlled quantum devices. Examples of such controlled structures are provided.


Studies have been carried out on the simultaneous determination of four parabens,i.e.methylparaben(MP),ethylparaben(EP),propylparaben(PP) and butylparaben(BP)in betelnut.The results showed that the linear correlation coefficients were higher than 0.999.Overall recoveries were 80%~100%,with relative standard deviations(RSDs) less than 4%.The detection limits for the analysis was 0.005 g/kg.The method is sensitive,reproducible,accurate and satisfactory for determination parabens in betelnut.


Semi-prime factorization is an increasingly important number theoretic problem, since it is computationally intractable. Further, this property has been applied in public-key cryptography, such as the Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) encryption systems for secure digital communications. Hence, alternate approaches to solve the semi-prime factorization problem are proposed. Recently, Pythagorean tuples to factor semi-primes have been explored to consider Fermat's Christmas theorem, with the two squares having opposite parity. This paper is motivated by the property that the integer separating these two squares being odd reduces the search for semi-prime factorization by half. In this paper, we prove that if a Pythagorean quadruple is known and one of its squares represents a Pythagorean triple, then the semi-prime is factorized. The problem of semi-prime factorization is reduced to the problem of finding only one such sum of three squares to factorize a semi-prime. We modify the Lebesgue identity as the sum of four squares to obtain four sums of three squares. These are then expressed as four Pythagorean quadruples. The Brahmagupta–Fibonacci identity reduces these four Pythagorean quadruples to two Pythagorean triples. The greatest common divisors of the sides contained therein are the factors of the semi-prime. We then prove that to factor a semi-prime, it is sufficient that only one of these Pythagorean quadruples be known. We provide the algorithm of our proposed semi-prime factorization method, highlighting its complexity and comparative advantage of the solution space with Fermat's method. Our algorithm has the advantage when the factors of a semi-prime are congruent to 1 modulus 4. Illustrations of our method for real-world applications, such as factorization of the 768-bit number RSA-768, are established. Further, the computational viabilities, despite the mathematical constraints and the unexplored properties, are suggested as opportunities for future research.


Canada, one might judge by this volume, is composed of two provinces, formerly known as Upper and Lower Canada, but now called Ontario and Quebec. At any rate the contribution of the maritime provinces to the winning of responsible government for the Canadian people (and it was of considerable extent) is given no adequate recog• nition. Nor, with the exception of two federal statutes, does the book contain any documents illustrating the development of free government in that vast expanse of modern Canada which lies beyond the Great Lakes. Yet the story of how this great tract was acquired, how it was organized into territories and how it was finally parceled into provinces is not the least interesting chapter in the history of empire building. In spite of these limitations, however, Mr. Kennedy has compiled a useful book. He has brought together a great many documents which have not hitherto been available save in out-of-the-way places and has put them together with a great deal of care. W. B. M. Cambridge, Mass.


[1] The present empirical models describing a location and shape of the magnetopause and bow shock are based on a statistical evaluation of magnetopause and bow shock crossings. The crossings are usually identified by a visual inspection of the plots or by automatic methods which are less reliable. We present a new method of determination of the most probable boundary locations. The method is based on continuous plasma and magnetic field measurements in the regions visited by a sounding spacecraft (the solar wind, magnetosheath, and magnetosphere) and on the determination of ratios of these parameters to simultaneously monitored upstream parameters. The regions identified by this method are then used for development of simple models of the magnetopause and bow shock locations parameterized by the upstream pressure. The performance of the models is tested with corresponding boundary crossings based mainly on the THEMIS observations. Both developed models are in a good agreement with the results obtained from identification of crossings.


In Korea, strawberry producers lack efficient and precise yield forecasts, which would allow them to deploy optimal manpower, equipment, and other resources for harvesting, shipping, and marketing. Reliable estimation of the quantity of strawberry fruit with respect to their ripeness level is critical for forecasting the upcoming strawberry production. Typically, the quantity and ripeness of fruits are estimated manually, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this case, automated yield prediction based on robotic agriculture is a realistic option. We provide in this study an automated strawberry fruit recognition and counting system for accurate and reliable yield prediction. This paper proposes a unique neural network training approach for strawberry fruit counting and ripeness detection that combines semantic graphics for data annotation with a fully convolutional neural network (FCN). Semantic graphics, the suggested data annotation approach, is straightforward to apply, and the desired targets can be quickly tagged with little effort. Moreover, the proposed FCN is an enhanced encoder-decoder network designed specifically for efficient learning of semantic graphics. Quantitative analysis of proposed algorithm showed 4.47% increase in detection accuracy over prior techniques while running at higher frames per second.


Sections from grossly uninvolved areas of 100 radical mastectomies for breast cancer and sections from 100 partial mastectomies for fibrocystic disease were randomized and reviewed for various histologic features. Cystic disease was found in 71% of the breast cancer cases and was nearly as common as in the benign breasts. Inflammation, fat necrosis, sclerosing adenosis, apocrine metaplasia, and lobular hyperplasia were more common in benign cystic disease, but duct papillomatosis was slightly more commonly associated with breast cancer. Of 42 cases with atypical duct hyperplasia, 24 were found in the cancer group. All 7 cases that were considered of a borderline nature or included in‐situ carcinoma were associated with breast carcinoma, and none of the fibrocystic disease cases showed atypia of this degree.


Cyberpark 2000 is a project funded by the UE Regional Operating Program of the Apulia Region (2000-2006). The main objective of the Cyberpark 2000 project is to develop a new assessment model for the management and monitoring of protected areas in Foggia Province (Apulia Region) based on Information and Communication Technologies. The results herein described are placed inside the research activities finalized to develop an environmental monitoring system knowledge based on the use of satellite time series. This study include:


In order to find similar salient objects within a collection of images, this study presents an innovative deep end-to-end co-saliency recognition method. The existing methods for characterizing co-saliency primarily depend upon manually created measurements. However, the subjectivity and lack of adaptability of these methodologies results in weak generalization. Additionally, most methods isolate the extraction of characteristics from individual and groups of photographs, ignoring the relation among both of these characteristics that may improve the efficiency of the model. By using a multiple-stage representation for obtaining features from a CNN with high spatial resolution, the suggested method addresses these above issues. This study exploits the learnable consistency using the improved Convolutional auto encoder. At last, final co-saliency maps are generated by fusing the intra-image contrasts and the inter-images stable feature sets. Results from experiments show that the proposed method outperforms with other approaches in terms of efficiency.


Background Meperidine (pethidine) reportedly treats postoperative shivering better than equianalgesic doses of other [micro sign]‐receptor agonists. The authors' first goal was to develop a method to accurately determine postoperative shivering threshold, and then to determine the extent to which meperidine and sufentanil inhibit postoperative shivering. Methods A computer‐controlled infusion was started before operation in 30 patients, with target plasma concentrations of 0.15, 0.30, or 0.60 [micro sign]g/ml meperidine or 0.1, 0.15, or 0.2 ng/ml sufentanil targeted; patients were randomly assigned to each drug and concentration. The infusion was continued throughout surgery and recovery. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide and isoflurane. Core temperatures were [almost equal to] 34 [degree sign]C by the end of surgery. The compensated core temperature at which visible shivering and a 20% decrease in steady‐state oxygen consumption was recorded identified the shivering threshold. A blood sample for opioid concentration was obtained from each patient at this time. The ability of each opioid to reduce the shivering threshold was evaluated using linear regression. Results End‐tidal isoflurane concentrations were <0.2% in each group at the time of extubation, and shivering occurred [almost equal to] 1 h later. Meperidine linearly decreased the shivering threshold: threshold ([degree sign]C) = ‐2.8 [middle dot] [meperidine ([micro sign]g/ml)] + 36.2; r2 = 0.64, P = 0.0005. Sufentanil also linearly decreased the shivering threshold: threshold ([degree sign]C) = ‐7.8 [middle dot] [sufentanil (ng/ml)] + 36.9; r (2) = 0.46, P = 0.02. Conclusions At a given dose, sufentanil inhibited shivering 2,800 times better than meperidine. However, the equianalgesic ratio of these drugs is approximately 4,900. That is, meperidine inhibited shivering better than would be expected based on the equianalgesic potency ratio. These data are thus consistent with clinical observations suggesting that meperidine indeed possesses special antishivering activity.


Nowadays, direction relation research has become an important branch in spatial representation and reasoning area, and especially, the research considering fuzziness and uncertainty may become more and more important. In this paper, a solution is proposed for composing fuzzy direction relations based on fuzzy direction-relation matrix. Firstly, a formal definition and an algorithm are given for the Most operator. Then, a practical method is proposed for composing accurate direction relations. At last, based on composing accurate direction relations on every λ level, our fuzzy composing method is given. Our method is consistent with people's intuition, and it is feasible to be used in the applications which need to compose fuzzy direction information.


Expound the importance of supply chain residue and its distribution in the coordination supply chain system,analyze all the external and internal factors which influence the profit distribution.And confirm the two key factors of them through AHP models,the cooperation satisfaction and the risk,furthermore indicate the important points of research on supply chain residue distribution.


In Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition (CVA), neologisms can be learnt from sentences. These sentences and their related background knowledge should provide a proper context in order to apply CVA techniques. In Daalen-Kapteins 1981[1] a set, consisting of a word and five sentences. They were studied in order to understand, how different groups of individuals could obtain the meaning of the word from the five sentences where that word was used. That word, "kolper", was used in every sentence, each one giving a chunk of information about its meaning. This project tries to emulate Daalen-Kapteins research, constrained to only one sentence. This emulation is achieved by representing the sentence and the proper background knowledge in SNePS, whose knowledge representation structures consists of semantic networks; followed by the noun algorithm to organize information.


Abstract From a regional and historical viewpoint, petroleum exploration in East Asia, since World War II, has passed through three major phases of oil exploration and development activity. In mid-1974, the region entered into a new and fourth major phase. The fourth phase is characterized by an overall slowdown in exploration and development activity in most of the East Asia region. It will result in fewer new exploratory wells being drilled, than were planned previously, and fewer new field wildcat discoveries being made in 1975 and 1976, and possibly for several years beyond. This phase of reduced activity is similar to an earlier period, from early 1964 to mid-1967, when as in the case today, economic and political factors, originating from both within and outside of the East Asian region, contributed to the slowdown in petroleum activity. For 1976 and 1977, the present trend of reduced exploration activity appears irreversible, based upon existing world conditions, attitudes, government policies, new legislation and political slogans. It is forecast for this period, that the basic structure of the oil industry and, in particular, the future number and role of the private oil companies will undergo major changes. Many of these changes will probably have a long term effect on the governments of East Asia, who look toward the petroleum sector to provide their nations much needed foreign exchange savings and income. After 1977, it is expected that the policies and decisions made by the world's bureaucrats and professional politicians, rather than the desires of the petroleum companies, will continue to be the determining factors as to whether the undiscovered petroleum deposits of East Asia are rapidly and efficiently explored and developed. A combination of attractive geological prospects, political stability and large potential regional markets for profitable oil and gas sales in the 1980's, and beyond, exist in many of the nations of East Asia. Hopefully, as present detrimental attitudes, new laws and political rhetoric prove to be contrary to the interests of governments in solving the current energy crisis, these will be reversed and a new surge of exploration activity will sweep through East Asia prior to the 1980's.


The 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) is associated with translocations that disrupt the FGFR1 gene. To date, 8 fusion partners of FGFR1 have been identified. However, no primary leukemia cell lines were identified that contain any of these fusions. Here, we screened more than 40 acute myeloid leukemia cell lines for constitutive phosphorylation of STAT5 and applied an immunoaffinity profiling strategy to identify tyrosine-phosphory-lated proteins in the KG-1 cell line. Mass spectrometry analysis of KG-1 cells revealed aberrant tyrosine phosphorylation of FGFR1. Subsequent analysis led to the identification of a fusion of the FGFR1OP2 gene to the FGFR1 gene. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) against FGFR1 specifically inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of KG-1 cells. Thus, the KG-1 cell line provides an in vitro model for the study of FGFR1 fusions associated with leukemia and for the analysis of small molecule inhibitors against FGFR1 fusions. (Blood. 2006;108:4202-4204)


The reasonable and just foundation of criminal responsibility should be a four gradational constitution,including the philosophical foundation,the essential foundation,the legal foundation and the factual foundation.From the factual foundation to the philosophical foundation,it is a gradual process from appearance to inherence.