Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Privacy and Information Security ................................................................................................... 2 Privacy Values .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Privacy Principles ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Privacy Balancing Process ........................................................................................................................ 4 Recommendations ........................................................................................................................... 5 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 6 References ....................................................................................................................................... 6


4-Acetamidoacetophenone (Ia), 4-acetylbenzenesulfonamide (IIa) and acetohexamide (IIIa) and the respective reduced compounds, 4-substituted α-hydroxyethylphenyl derivatives, are in a reversible drug-metabolite relationship in rats. The pharmacokinetic profiles of these agents were studied after intraportal (pv) administration in comparison with those after intravenous (iv) administration using an interconversion model. Fundamental clearances, CL10, CL12, CL20 and CL21, were calculated using four AUC (area under the plasma concentration-time curve) values obtained after iv administration of the drug and preformed metabolite. The hepatic available fraction of parent drug, FH1 and sequential hepatic available fraction of its metabolite, FH2 were estimated by the following equations.


The lattice site distribution of boron in doped, melt-grown GaAs was studied by means of photoluminescence and local vibrational mode spectroscopy. The investigated samples were cut from nominally Si or Ge doped crystals grown under stoichiometric or Ga rich conditions. In GaAs:Si boron behaves like an amphoteric dopant. The formation of the antisite, B As , is favoured by the growth from a Ga rich melt. In Ge doped GaAs, on the other hand, only the isovalent boron defect, B Ga , was observed. Apart from infrared absorption spectra measured by the established Fourier transform technique the B As -related radiative recombination and the local Raman modes of the boron species are presented. These results demonstrate, that photoluminescence and near infrared Raman spectroscopy are viable tools for the detection of substitutionally incorporated boron in GaAs.


We study transient spiral structures in an isothermal, thin, galactic disc. We find no instability that can grow everywhere from infinitesimal disturbances, but spiral structure does grow in the disc due to an arbitrarily strong, asymmetric, central source. An initially finite spiral undergoes transient swing amplification as it is gradually wound-up by differential rotation. An independent sequence in negative time describes a leading spiral swinging to a trailing spiral. The dynamical coupling is established between the swinging potential and the arm particles, by ensuring that this potential constrains a locally rotating distribution function centred on the arms. This swing amplification propagates in radius at the constant rotational speed of the disc, and leaves behind an exponential density decline in space and time.


Knowledge collaboration is the key for success of open source software (OSS) communities, because not all members have knowledge and skills necessary for software development. Generally, members in OSS communities communicate for knowledge collaboration using communication tools (e.g. mailing lists, discussion forums, bug tracking systems, and so on) so that geographically distributed members collaborate and coordinate their work. In this paper, we apply social network analysis to the data accumulated in communication tools. We analyzed relationships between the density of social networks and OSS releases by time series analysis of 4 OSS communities in SourceForge.net in order to investigate the quality of communications for knowledge collaboration. The analysis results showed that communications among community members with a variety of roles are active before/after OSS released in communities where knowledge collaboration is going well.


We consider operators of convolution generated by L func tions in L and various spaces of almost periodic functions It turns out to be that if such an operator is invertible in one of these spaces then it is in vertible in all the spaces we consider Further we prove that any convolution has identical norms in many natural couples of functional spaces


Ericsson regularly collects traffic datasets from different radio networks around the world. These data sets can be used for several research purposes, ranging from general statistics to more speci ...


Cloud computing dramatically reduces the expense and complexity of managing IT systems. Business customers do not need to invest in their own costly IT infrastructure, but can delegate and deploy their services effectively to cloud vendors and service providers. A number of security and protection mechanisms have been proposed to prevent the disclosure of sensitive information or tempering with the data by employing various policy, encryption, and monitoring approaches. However, few efforts have been focused on data mobility issues in terms of protection of data when it is moved within a cloud or to and from a new cloud environment. To allay users' concern of data control, data ownership, security and privacy, we propose a novel data mobility management model which ensures continuity protecting data at new cloud hosts at new data locations. The model provides a mobility service to handle data moving operation that relies on a new location database service. The new model allows the establishment of a proxy supervisor in the new environment and the ability of the active data to record its own location. The experimental outcomes demonstrate the feasibility, proactivity, and efficiency by the full mobility management model.


. Design patterns are useful Software Engineering tools that enable the reuse of expert solutions to recurring problems. There are a large number of patterns, spread in multiple catalogs and in heterogeneous formats. Selecting and applying the right design pattern requires an in-depth understanding of patterns and their classification. The solution architects must either rely on the advice of experts or laboriously go through the available literature to find the relevant patterns. Pattern applicability will improve if the entire pattern knowledge is available in one place and in a standard format. If the pattern data is augmented with additional knowledge to guide the architect on choosing the right patterns for a particular requirement, it will be immensely useful and productive. The objective of the knowledge discovery process on the design pattern landscape is to extract useful relations and groups of patterns to enable users to select and apply patterns effectively. The present work discusses a model for analyzing existing pattern data, extracting knowledge thereof, and representing this knowledge in a format to enable pattern search and its application.


This research was conducted based on the problems faced by the second grade
students of SMPN 3 Batanghari East Lampung and also from the result of the pretest
that was conducted by the researcher. The problem was the low speaking ability of
the students and also the low marks of students speaking ability in the pretest. For
that reason, the researcher did a classroom action research which covered students
speaking ability and also students' perception of leaning English. The objectives of
this research were to find out about the improvement of students' speaking ability
after applying information transfer task and also students' perception of teaching
learning process through information transfer task. This classroom action research
was conducted at SMPN 3 Batanghari East Lampung. The subjects of this research
were the students of second grade (8-2 class) in the academic year 2015/2016.
This research was a classroom action research which was done in two cycles. Each
cycle of this classroom action research consisted of four stages they were planning,
action, observation and interpretation, and analysis and reflection. In this research the
researcher helped by the English teacher of SMPN 3 Batanghari as the collaborator in
this classroom action research. In this research the researcher applied information
transfer task in the speaking class and used oral descriptive text as the material in this
research. In doing the research the researcher also applied two teaching medias they
were picture and chart which helped the students to transfer the information from
these media into oral language.
The result of the research showed that: first there is significant increase of students'
speaking achievement from the pre-observation test to first cycle until the second
cycle. In the pre-observation there are 11 students (42.30%) whose score are up to 70,
nevertheless after conducting the first cycle, the students' speaking achievement
iii
increased approximately 17 students (65.38%) scores are up to 70. It means that there
is an improvement in students' speaking achievement, about 23.08%. However the
result of the first cycle had not fulfilled the research indicator, so the second cycle
was conducted. After conducting the second cycle the number of students who scored
70 or more is about 22 students (84.61%). It means that there is an improvement in
students' speaking achievement at the second cycle, about 19.23%. Then, the total
improvement of students' speaking ability from pre-observation to cycle two is about
42.31%.
In the learning process, it can be seen that the students were satisfied with teaching
learning process through information transfer task. It can be seen from the result of
students' perception questionnaires that showed at least 20 students (81.15%) stated
that they followed the activities in the teaching learning process and they were
satisfied with it.
From the data above, the researcher concludes that there is significant improvement
in students' speaking ability achievement after applying information transfer task.
Keywords: car, information transfer, speaking ability, teaching speaking.


The effects of pH and L-cysteine HCI on the growth and stability of Biofidobacterium breve were studied. Significantly higher population was obtained by culturing at pH than at any other pH. The cultures that had been grown at pH were more stable during storage than those grown at other pH. The number of B. breve that had been grown at pH 5.5 and 6.0 remained as respectively, after 25 days of storage at . The -galactosidase activity of B. breve grown at pH 5.5 and 6.0 was reduced only to of the control after the same storage condition, whereas the culture grown at pH 7.0 exhibited a signficant decline in population and -galactosidase activity during . The growth of B. breve was promoted by 0.05% L-cysteine HCI, and cells grown in MRS with L-cysteine HCI were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide. With respect to the effect to the effect of osmoprotectants on the survival of B. breve subjected to freeze-drying, addition of 2 mM betaine of 2 mM trehalose increased the growth rate of cells grown under osmotic stress and also made the organism more osmotolerant. Furthermore, the betaine or trehalose increased the survivability of the cells after freeze-drying.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective In the UK, the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) is recommended as part of screening for suspicion of sepsis. Is a change in NEWS a better predictor of mortality than an isolated score when screening for suspicion of sepsis?. Methods A prospectively gathered cohort of 1233 adults brought in by ambulance to two UK nonspecialist hospitals, with suspicion of sepsis at emergency department (ED) triage (2015–2017) was analysed. Associations with 30-day mortality and ICU admission rate were compared between groups with an isolated NEWS ≥5 points prehospital and those with persistently elevated NEWS prehospital, in ED and at ward admission. The effect of adding the ED (venous or arterial) lactate was also assessed. Results Mortality increased if the NEWS persisted ≥5 at ED arrival 22.1% vs. 10.2% [odds ratio (OR) 2.5 (1.6–4.0); P < 0.001]. Adding an ED lactate ≥2 mmol/L was associated with an increase in mortality greater than for NEWS alone [32.2% vs. 13.3%, OR 3.1 (2.2–4.1); P < 0.001], and increased ICU admission [13.9% vs. 3.7%, OR 3.1 (2.2–4.3); P < 0.001]. If NEWS remained ≥5 at ward admission (predominantly within 4 h of ED arrival), mortality was 32.1% vs. 14.3%, [OR 2.8 (2.1–3.9); P < 0.001] and still higher if accompanied by an elevated ED lactate [42.1% vs. 16.4%, OR 3.7 (2.6–5.3); P < 0.001]. Conclusion Persistently elevated NEWS, from prehospital through the ED to the time of ward admission, combined with an elevated ED lactate identifies patients with suspicion of sepsis at highest risk of in-hospital mortality.


Ann Arbor, MI-Quality of life is remarkably similar among patients with newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma randomly assigned to initial treatment with medication or trabeculectomy, according to Nancy K. Janz, PhD.


This paper presents detailed information about national credit support programs, including guarantees for bank loans, implemented in the context of COVID-19 fiscal policy in 2020 in the largest national economies of the European Union and in the United Kingdom. The information was collected through thorough examination of published material and extended exchanges with national authorities and financial sector participants. It helps us understand (1) how countries positioned themselves on the many trade-offs that emerged in designing and implementing the programs; and (2) what explains differences in usage across countries and its leveling off everywhere in the second half of 2020.


The absorption isotherms of four disperse dyes for polypropylene fibers were determined at various temperatures. The affinity, heat of dyeing and entropy of dyeing were calculated from the thermodynamical treatment. The heasts of all four dyes investigated were all negative, so the binding process was exothermic. The affinity of the dye for polypropylene was found to increase with the increase in the hydrophobic character of the dye. The increase in the hydrophobic character of the dye, however, causes the decrease in the heat and entropy of dyeing. This result shows that the higher affinity of the hydrophobic dye comes from the decrease in the entropy of dyeing. From a consideration of the thermodynamical data, it is assumed that the breakdown of so called "iceberg" water structure in the vicinity of the hydrophobic dye takes place in the course of the binding process. The interaction between polypropylene fibre and disperse dye is explained by using the following concept that the binding process involves two main effects: (1) an exothermic interaction (may be dispersion force) (2) an entropic interaction (the formation of a so called. "hydrophobic bond")


ARTICLE INFO Particle damping is a concept in which particles of various sizes, shapes and material is used as damping element to reduce the vibrations of system. Particle damper that affects impact and friction effects of particles by means of energy dissipation. Particle damper is an enclosure or cavity partially filled with particles which is attached to the vibrating system. When the structure vibrates, Particles inside that enclosure or cavity collide with each other and the walls of the enclosure or cavity similarly it will absorb the kinetic energy of the structure and convert it into heat through collision between the particles themselves and walls of the enclosure or cavity. Particle damping offers potential for designing a better passive damping technique with a minimal impact on the strength, stiffness and the weight of a vibrating system. Particle damping is a passive damping due to its conceptual simplicity, potential effectiveness over a wide frequency range, temperature and cost-effectiveness. Keywords— Particle damping, Vibration reduction, Impact and friction effect. Article History Received :18 th November 2015 Received in revised form :


Silicon rubber foam was prepared by chemical blowing method using azobisformamide(AC) as blowing,agent urea as blowing promoter,and benzoyl peroxide(BPO) as cure agent.The rheological properties of blowing agent AC in silicon rubber were investigated by blowing rheometer.The cell structure and tensile properties of the foam were analyzed by means of SEM and electronic universal tester.The results show that the silicon rubber foam with different cell structures could be obtained.The blowing rate and vulcanization rate matched well at an appropriate temperature.The efficiency of blowing was improved as the blowing agent AC addition increased.The foam compound had good tensile properties as the AC addition was 8 portion in 100 portion silicon rubber.


SummaryElectron-spin-resonance spectra of x- or γ-irradiated single crystals of 5-bromouracil (BU), 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR) and 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUDR) were recorded at room temperature as a function of crystal orientation in the magnetic field at 35 GHz (Q-band) and, less extensively, at 10 GHz (X-band). The observed positions of hyperfine lines were fitted to theoretical curves by a computer programme. The results clearly show the existence of two distinct groups of lines, A and B. While the g-factor of group A is close to the free electron value, group B is shifted to lower magnetic fields and is further subject to large variations with changing orientation, both in position and intensity of hyperfine lines.Both groups are correlated to radicals at the pyrimidine group. It is proposed that one of these radicals is formed by hydrogen addition at the oxygen atom bound to C4. Two resonance structures are possible, differing in localization of the unpaired spin density at either C4 or C6. The observed...


The development and maintenance costs of the high-quality communication software tend to remain high because the telephone services must be reliable and secure as they are valuable social infrastructure. Previous studies formulated the description style of the requirements specification in a form with which a machine could deal and had customers use this style to describe the requirements specification. However, no method has been developed to generate test cases from natural language documents. The method for automatically generating the test cases of system testing and acceptance testing from the requirement specification is studied. We propose training data selection quality improvement technique in the cosine similarity with the test data. We confirmed the effectiveness of the methods. We also proposed second method adding the application judgment technique by the standard deviation value. We confirmed usefulness of the proposed methods that obtain the maximum value of accuracy with less training data.


Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of primary prostatic intravascular large B cell lymphoma(IVLBCL) and the prognosis of the patients.Methods:One case of primary prostatic IVLBCL was studied by microscopic observation,immunohistochemistry staining and the clinical follow up.6 cases of prostatic IVLBCL reported in the literature were reviewed.Results:The median age of prostatic IVLBCL patients was 68-year-old.They often complained of progressing dysuria,and their prostatic enlargement was revealed.After the prostatectomy,the pathological biopsy revealed that dysplastic lymphoid cells proliferating in prostatic interstitial vessels.The immunohistochemistry staining revealed that tumor cells had positive expression of B cell marker CD20 and CD79α,and many tumor cells had positive expression of Ki67.After diagnosed as primary prostatic IVLBL,the patients were treated with cyclophosphamide,doxorubincin,vincristine,and prednisolone(CHOP) and/or rituximab,With the good therapeutic effect.Conclusion:The primary prostatic IVLBCL patients have good prognoses after they undergo prostatic resection and chemotherapy.


Reducing the surfactant amount below generally accepted values in polyHIPE chemistry allowed for distinctly improving the mechanical properties of ROMP derived HIPE templated poly(dicyclopentadiene) without compromising the open cellular structure of the scaffold rendering the preparation of a ductile polymer foam with 80% porosity and a Young's modulus of 110 MPa possible.


This paper presents a 2×2 amplifier-multiplier array with on-chip antennas at 163-180 GHz in 45 nm CMOS SOI technology. The measured EIRP is > 2 dBm at 165-175 GHz with a peak value of 5 dBm at 170 GHz meeting the stringiest metal-density rules for antennas. The amplifiermultiplier architecture is scalable to N×M arrays for high EIRP and transmit power.


Rapid detection of AIV is essential in disease outbreak situations, when the rapid identification of viremic animals is crucial to preventing the spread of disease. Viremia can be demonstrated in tracheal or cloacal swabs, tissues (mainly from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts) and faecal samples of infected animals both by virus isolation or nucleic acid detection methods. Although virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs is reliable and sensitive, it is cumbersome and takes longer to perform than nucleic acid-based detection assays. Several reverse transcription (RT)-PCR methods have previously been described for this purpose but conventional RT-PCR methods are difficult to apply when very large numbers of samples are to be analyzed. Recently, realtime PCR protocols for the detection of AIV have become available. This system allows rapid diagnosis and is amenable for automation, which allows high throughput sample monitoring.


Nature corners are the favorable place for children to explore something by themselves,but there exist some misunderstandings in creation and utilization of them. Kindergarten teachers should follow the principles in the Outline and the Guidline and know the features of children of different ages to set exploration targets,to choose inquiry content,to make clear research topics,to design and layout the nature corners,paying attention to the long-term management and guidelines for the infant,optimizing the nature corner creation. By doing the things above,can teachers promote children's independent inquiry.


Abstract : Reprogrammed glucose metabolism due to increased glycolysis and glucose uptake is a hallmark of cancer. We show that cancer cells can suppress glucose metabolism in endothelial, lung fibroblasts, and brain astrocyte niche cells through secreting exosomal miR-122, a miRNA whose level in the circulation predicts metastasis of breast cancer. MiR-122 suppresses glucose uptake and metabolism primarily through down-regulating the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Our results demonstrate that cancer cells are capable of influencing how niche cells metabolize glucose through exosome secretion of miR-122 and the consequent down-regulation of glucose metabolic enzymes in niche cells leading to reduced glucose utilization.


Teaching is a communication activity occurring in the classroom via courses.Negotiation refers to the negotiating between teachers and students about the notions and styles of learning,understanding of knowledge and the assessment of the results.This paper aims at finding out the possibility of carrying out the negotiation as a course in English class through the analysis of the definition,types,rationale and significance.


In the present work of degree I intend to realize a reflection on the advantages that the implementation of a Strategic Direction based on the powerful System of Management Balanced ScoreCard (BSC), according to the level of the competitiveness in the business world of today. In the same way I will present a conceptualization of the terms and more relevant to the development and analysis of the essay, such as the background of each concept, which is the strategic direction, as is its process and what are the specific objectives of this and the advantages Of Establishing a process of Strategic Management in companies. On the other hand, we explain the Balanced ScoreCard, its methodology, the present presented by Kaplan and Norton, the creators of this tool for the development of indicators and the strategies for meeting the objectives proposed by the companies, and the Four perspectives Exposed by Kaplan and Norton that need to be taken into account for the development of the BSC, finding in this way the contribution that each one of them is in the organization and is related to the Strategic Direction. Finally, to conclude the advantages of implementing the Strategic Direction based on the Balanced Scorecard. That allows to establish measurement processes that go beyond the financial part of a company, but instead manages to complement the management analysis from three perspectives: clients, internal processes and learning and organizational growth, translating the vision of The company to real actions and to put in place the strategies proposed by the top management, in addition to generating communication of these to the different people that make up the company.


The periodic beacon message is one of the most common messages in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and plays an important role in enhancing road safety. To protect the identity and location privacy of the vehicle, the beacon messages should be anonymous and unlinkable under a conditional privacy-preserving authentication protocol. However, due to malicious intent or sensor failure, even certified vehicles may share dishonest anonymous beacon messages, thereby endangering road safety. In this paper, according to the three important trust factors including expectation, risk and confidence, we propose a three-factor based data-centric trust model (ERC-TM) to judge the trustworthiness of anonymous beacon messages. First, we evaluate the expectation value, risk value and confidence value of a beacon message respectively. Then, according to the qualitative relationship between trust and the three factors, we propose a trust decision based on the three factors to judge whether the beacon message is trustworthy. The proposed trust model makes the trusted beacon messages have the characteristics of high expectation, low risk and high confidence. We define different attacks according to the modification degree of beacon messages, and conduct simulation experiments in two common traffic scenarios. Simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively identify malicious beacon messages. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of different attacks and the confidence values of the proposed model. In addition, the impact of each trust factor is also analyzed through ablation experiments, and the relevant requirements are discussed.


Currently, interest in autonomous driving of small quadrotors in various ways is increasing. In most cases, quad-rotor autonomous driving is mainly performed with vision data acquired using cameras. However, this method is challenging to implement in an environment where using a camera is difficult, such as in a space with insufficient light. In this work, we designed a low-cost autonomous-driving system for a drone using a microphone sensor instead of vision data using a camera. The microphones are connected to a data acquisition system (DAQ) to read data, and the laptop connected to the DAQ controls the operation of the drone using the data values in real time. We used a microphone sensor to measure the sound of the quadrotor to estimate its position and set up several flight paths to test the autonomous flight of quadrotor. Unlike drones that use vision data, our research has presented a new method in the field of quadrotor autonomous driving by implementing autonomous driving of drones using a microphone sensor.


Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, and system for deploying virtual resources, which relate to the technical field of communications and are capable of improving the reliability of virtual resource deployment. The method comprises: a management node sends a first resource deployment request message to a VIM, wherein the first resource deployment request message is used for requesting the VIM to deploy virtual resources to be deployed, the virtual resources comprise at least one virtual unit, the first resource deployment request message carries a reliability parameter corresponding to the virtual resources, and the reliability parameter is used for representing the maximum quantity of the virtual units which are allowed to be deployed within one area; the management node receives a resource deployment response message sent by the VIM, wherein the resource deployment response message is used for indicating success or failure of the request of the first resource deployment request message. The method is applicable to an NFV system.


China's "Science and Technology Daily," a state-run newspaper, published a revealing series of articles in 2018 on 35 different Chinese technological import dependencies. The articles, accessible here in English for the first time, express concern that strategic Chinese industries are vulnerable to any disruption to their supply of specific U.S., Japanese, and European "chokepoint" technologies. This issue brief summarizes the article series and analyzes the Chinese perspective on these import dependencies and their causes.


This study examines the link between societal level values measured in student and teacher samples and the Global Peace Index (GPI). Consistent with predictions, strong and consistent correlations between harmony, hierarchy (negative), and intellectual autonomy were observed. Overall, an integrated set of values was systematically related to GPI. Effects remain strong and stable even when controlling for economic, societal, and political development and perceptions of corruption. Furthermore, evidence that values and societal developments interact in their relation with GPI was found. Implications for conflict management are discussed.


Transducer is a key part of phased array ultrasonic system.The capability of directivity is an important factor for transducer performance.In the paper,the space directivity of the linear phased array was studied systemically.Then,the influence of array transducer parameters on beam main lobe,side lobe and grating lobe was analyzed.Finally,the designing principle of linear array transducer was given.


An analysis based on the signal theory is presented about the shortcomings of the doctoral entrance examination system and the suitability of the application system.Suggestions are also offered on the reform in the recruitment of doctoral students.


The paper describes and illustrates the optimal design of the stator tooth shape and rotor magnet magnetization distribution in a HDD spindle motor using Finite Element Method and Taguchi's Design of Experiment (DOE) method. The optimal design process also includes considerations of manufacturing and process noises, such as manufacturing tolerances for the stator tooth shape and variation of the rotor magnet magnetization distribution due to the magnetization fixture and process. Objective of the optimal design using the combined Taguchi's DOE and FEA approach is to make the spindle motor torque performance insensitive to the noises with moderate computational efforts. The optimal process is automatically realized by a simulation and analysis tool that integrates with Taguchi's DOE and FEM analysis. In the digest, the optimal design process is briefly introduced and some of the results are presented.


Objectives To complete reporting of outcomes after total withdrawal of all rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy and re-treatment after flare in Assessing Very Early Rheumatoid arthritis Treatment study (NCT01142726). Methods Patients with early RA were initially randomised to double-blind, weekly subcutaneous abatacept plus methotrexate, or abatacept or methotrexate monotherapy. At month 12, patients with Disease Activity Score (DAS)28 C reactive protein (CRP) <3.2 had all RA treatments rapidly withdrawn and were observed for ≤12 months or until flare. After ≥3 months' withdrawal, patients with protocol-defined RA flare received open-label abatacept plus methotrexate for 6 months (re-treatment). Results  Proportion of patients in DAS28-CRP–defined remission remained numerically higher in original abatacept plus methotrexate and abatacept arms versus methotrexate arm up to day 253 of withdrawal. At the end of the withdrawal period, few patients remained in remission across all arms: 9/73 (12.3%), 7/50 (14.0%) and 6/53 (11.3%), respectively. For patients entering re-treatment, after 6 months' re-treatment, 95/124 (76.6%) and 78/124 (62.9%) patients achieved DAS28-CRP <3.2 and <2.6, respectively; mean changes in DAS28-CRP and Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index scores from re-treatment baseline were –2.87 and 0.76, respectively. Re-treatment was well tolerated; exposure-adjusted infection rates per 100 patient-years were lower with abatacept plus methotrexate during withdrawal (7.2) and re-treatment (17.2) versus initial treatment periods of months 0–6 (116.6) and 6–12 (64.6). Conclusions Most patients flared within 6 months of therapy withdrawal and few sustained major responses for 1 year. Re-treatment with abatacept plus methotrexate was effective and well tolerated in this controlled setting.


In this paper, a temporal search plugin, RaTeR has been implemented to support web search based on temporal operators. Traditional commercial search engines provide web search based on time. Google, the most used search engine supports search tools based on time but does not support information retrieval based on temporal relations (operators). Information retrieval based on temporal information helps in temporal ordering of events. The efficiency of the system depends on the effective representation of temporal knowledge. Temporal knowledge representation has to be unambiguous for efficient reasoning about temporal order of events. Allen's temporal relation "before" is ambiguous with respect to ordering as it is contextual. REseT (Reference Event based Temporal) relations reduces the ambiguity and hence facilitate better ordering of events. The architecture of RaTeR is presented and some key modules are discussed. And finally, RaTeR has been evaluated using the measures precision, fall-out and is found to be more efficient for temporal operator based web queries.


In this article, ethnomusicologist Sylvia Angelique Alajaji interviews electronic music composer, filmmaker, sound artist, and producer Lara Sarkissian on her career, artistic process, making music as an Armenian in diaspora, and the ways she uses music to bring into conversation the various (often quieted) presents of the diaspora with its many (often quieted) pasts, thus creating soundscapes of future possibility.


Following the opening speech, Sir EDWARD WAYNE presided at a session on biochemistry, physiology, and pathology. The first lecture, illustrated by slides, was given by Dr. J. P. VON WARTBURG, of Switzerland, who reported on some special research work in the field 'of biochemistry of alcohol which suggested that the speed of sobering up might 'be influenced by enzymes. Dr. von Wartburg raised the question of whether anything would be gained in the fight against alcoholism if a pill were produced which would shorten the time usually needed to sober-up. If the time were cut by half, would people drink twice as much ? Or would it help to cut the terrible number of road accidents due to alcohol ? The answer to these and many similar questions could not be the responsibility of the people who were doing the research, but they must be considered sooner or later. The second lecture was given by Dr. M. HEBBELINCK, of Belgium, who dealt with the metabolism of alcohol and some physiological effects. He referred in particular to -the theory that free acetic acid should not be regarded as a direct intermediary in the metabolism of alcohol. On the basis of data during the second world war, several investigators had implicated alcohol as of direct importance in cirrhosis of the liver. It had been noted that during the war the restriction of alcohol in France was associated with a temporary disappearance of cirrhosis, and that nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition did not inhibit the decrease in the frequency of cirrhosis.


Objective To investigate the expression of claudin-3 and β-catenin in borderline ovarian tumors(BOTs) and its clinicopathological significance.Methods We examined the expressions of claudin-3 and β-catenin and their relationship with the clinicopathological features in 17 normal ovarian tissues,31 epithelial benign ovarian tumors,39 epithelial malignant ovarian tumors and 69 BOTs by SP immunohistochemistry method.Results The positive expression rate of claudin-3 protein in BOTs(59.4%,41/69) was significantly lower than that in the malignant ovarian tumors(89.7%,35/39),and higher than that in normal ovaries(5.9%,1/17) and benign ovarian tumors(22.6%,7/31)(P0.01);the expressions were not significantly different between the normal ovaries and benign ovarian tumors(P0.05).The positive expression rate of β-catenin protein in BOTs(52.2%,36/39) was significantly lower than that in the malignant ovarian tumors(84.7%,33/39),and higher than that in normal ovaries(11.8%,2/17) and benign ovarian tumors(29.0%,9/31;P0.01 or P0.05);the expressions were not significantly different between the normal ovaries and benign ovarian tumors(P0.05).The expression of claudin-3 and β-catenin was correlated with the clinciopathological stage and intraperitoneal metastases(P0.05),but not with the histological type or age of BOTs patients(P0.05).Expression of claudin-3 and β-catenin was positively correlated in BOTs(r=0.439,P=0.000).Conclusion Claudin-3 and β-catenin may play a synergistic role in the oncogenesis and progression of BOTs.Simutaneous detection of claudin-3 and β-catenin is valuable for diagnosis and treatment of BOTs.


GENTLEMEN,-Having performed the operation of staphylosaphy for the closure of a fissure in the soft palate of a girl of 14 before you'last -week, I take this opportunity of gving you some details Of th-esubject which will, I think, be of service to you as practitioners. Cleft palate occurs in infants otherwise well formed, or in combination with hare-lip; and in either case it may affect the soft palate only, or both the hard and the soft palates. When hare-lip is present, the fissure usually extends from the lip through the alveolus and the entire palate; but there are many exceptions, a fissure of the soft palate alone frequently accompanying a single hare-lip. That both affections are the result of arrest of development in the early weeks of foetal life cannot be doubted, and that they are hereditary cannot be denied; still, cases of cleft plate occur in families not known to inherit the malformation; and, in the great majority of cases, it 'will be found that the mother has been much out of health in the early weeks of pregnancy, or that the pregnancy has followed very closely upon a previous one, or has occurred during lactation. The experience of 'Professor Haughton of Dublin first showed, in the case of the larger carnivora, the effect of diet upon the production of cleft palate; and it is very desirable, in the case ofA patent the subject of the deformity herself, or having alreedy given birth to a child with cleft palate, that, in subsequent pregnancies, every care should be taken to improve her health, and to administer food and medidnes'calculated to ptomote the fbrmation of bone. Wen a hare-lip and ceft palate are continutous, the latter deformity is sufficiently obvious; but, when a cleft palate occurs alone, it may be easily overlooked for the first few hours of life, and the earliest intimiatin of the malformation may be given by the inability of the infant to suck, and by the fact thtat milk introidced into its mhouth with ispoon returns through the nostrili. Under these circumstances, infants are often allowed to pine away through insufficient feeding; but, with proper care, this may generally be obviated. 'A large-sized India-rubber teat, or an ordinary covered spoon, such as is used for the administration of nauseous medicines, may be used to convey the milk to the gullet; but a much less troublesome and more effectual method is that adopted by Mr. Oakley Coles, who attaches a flap Of elastic India-rubber (Fig. x) to the nipple of an ordinary feedingbottle. This overlies the nipple (Fig. 2), and is introduced into the moutb with it; and, when the infant is suckled, rises up tgainst the cleft, and enables the child to swallow. The India-rubber is undoubtedly the cleanest and most effectual flap which can be employed; but I have often directed the use of a leaf-shaped piece of kid-leather with advantage, when the India-rubber could not be teadily procured. Mr. Francis Mason has etnployed a very thin plate of soft metal, moulded to the patient's mouth, but allows that the instrument is not available in all cases. If no other plan be adopted, the miere closing of the nestrils by the nurse's finger and thumb at each effort of deglutition, will give material assistance to s&ccessful swallowing. The question of surgical interference, in cases of cleft palate, is one which must be consiered as still stib judice. Thit it is possible to close the entire length of a cleft, exten'ding thlrougih both hard and soft palates, at an early age, is undoubted, buit it may be questioned whether, in many of these cases, a better result, as regards articulation, would not have been obtained by the use of some form of apparatus. It is most satisfactory to the patents of a child, suffering from any congenital malformation, that the deformity Should be repalred by operation as soon as possible; but grave disapq6ntmrent is apt to fodllow when, as years go on, the power of articulation fails to improve in the ratio anticipated. The sufferer is inclined to complain that the operation hes not improved his voice so much as his power of eating tomfortably, and is sometimes annoyed to find that no miechanical contriv-


A speech prosthesis has been developed based on the following idea. When a handicapped person such as a laryngectomee tries to speak in vain, the movements of the mouth, tongue, etc., are elicited. By detecting the movements, what he or she is trying to say can be determined. Then a speech synthesizer is driven to produce a voice of good quality.


1 Intravenous injection of five Goldblatt units (Gbl.U) of renin, or intravenous infusion of 2·5 μg of angiotensin into nephrectomized rats decreased plasma volume by 22 ± 2% (calculated from the increase of the haematocrit) or by 14 ± 2% (calculated from the increase in protein concentration) within 2 minutes. Fifteen minutes and 60 min after injection or infusion, the plasma volume (calculated from both parameters) was still 10% lower than initially. 2 The initial discrepancy between haematocrit values and plasma protein concentration was neither due to mobilization of red blood cells (r.b.c.) from the spleen, nor to an increase in r.b.c. volume. 3 The observed decrease in plasma volume was large enough to explain the drinking response to renin and angiotensin. Renin may thus induce or aggravate hypovolaemia rather than signalling its occurrence to hypothalamic receptors.


The true potential energy curve for the ground state of AlO was extended up to the obsd. vibrational levels v = 22 using revised vibrational consts. The dissocn. energy for the ground state of AlO was estd. to be 4.15 ± 0.05 eV by the method of curve fitting. The Lippincott potential function was used for fitting with the RKRV curve. [on SciFinder(R)]


We present a method of time coding with ABAB synchronization timing control for real-time 3D superresolution range-gated imaging (3DSRGI). To meet the high precision of time delay and pulse width in ABAB synchronization time sequencing, phase shift is implemented to achieve ns-scaled delay and width accuracy without restoring to high clock frequencies. Theoretical analysis and experiments prove that 1 ns delay and width precision is obtained by our timing control unit based on a single field-programmable gate array with 5 ns clock cycle. Finally, a prototype experiment of 3DSRGI is demonstrated at a 10 Hz video rate with 696 pixels \times 520 pixels.


XML Schema Designs for environment-specific types based on XML base types are disclosed. The invention provides a series of "base types" in the XML Schema. Each base type is in an environment-specific XML Schema namespace that disambiguates the environments types from all other types defined by any other environment. The XML Schema Design then defines the final type as an anonymous type, derived from the environment-specific base type. The base type is defined with any XML Schema typefacets that apply to all derivatives of the base type, and the anonymous final type is defined with additional XML Schema type facets to fully describe the type.


This essay examines the relationship between the representation of antiquity in popular theatre and painting in late-Victorian and Edwardian London. While there is a long tradition of theatrical and visual interchange, the nineteenth century witnessed an increased merging of cultural categories. Classics, traditionally associated with an educated elite, entered the popular arena through the appropriation of high-art academic images. In toga plays, a decadent Rome provided sensational plot lines and an array of familiar heroes and villains, while pictorial detail was privileged in the quest for theatrical spectacle. At the same time, tableaux vivants staged in variety theatres legitimized a display of the female body through imitations of Greek-subject paintings. If Roman melodramas may have been criticized for historical inaccuracies, notional nudity found in tableaux involved these shows in the much more controversial issue of distinctions between art and obscenity. Classicizing performance brought indicators of exclusivity into a much wider arena, and in doing so found itself at the heart of major debates surrounding gender, class, and culture.


A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of sensor nodes that dynamically self-organize themselves into a wireless network without the utilization of any preexisting infrastructure. One of the major problems in WSNs is the energy consumption, whereby the network lifetime is dependent on this factor. In this paper, we propose an optimal routing protocol for WSN inspired by the foraging behavior of ants. The ants try to find existing paths between the source and base station. Furthermore, we have combined this behavior of ants with fuzzy logic in order for the ants to make the best decision. In other words, the fuzzy logic is applied to make the use of these paths optimal. Our algorithm uses the principles of the fuzzy ant colony optimization routing (FACOR) to develop a suitable problem solution. The performance of our routing algorithm is evaluated by Network Simulator 2 (NS2). The simulation results show that our algorithm optimizes the energy consumption amount, decreases the number of routing request packets, and increases the network lifetime in comparison with the original AODV.


The correspondences between logarithmic operators in the CFTs on the boundary of AdS_3 and on the world-sheet and dipole fields in the bulk are studied using the free field formulation of the SL(2,C)/SU(2) WZNW model. We find that logarithmic operators on the boundary are related to operators on the world-sheet which are in indecomposable representations of SL(2). The Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation is used to determine the conditions for those representations to appear in the operator product expansions of the model.


In order to precisely control the wind power generation systems under nonlinear variable wind velocity, this paper proposes a novel maximum power tracking (MPPT) strategy for wind turbine systems based on a hybrid wind velocity forecasting algorithm. The proposed algorithm adapts the bat algorithm and improved extreme learning machine (BA-ELM) for forecasting wind speed to alleviate the slow response of anemometers and sensors, considering that the change of wind speed requires a very short response time. In the controlling strategy, to optimize the output power, a state feedback control technique is proposed to achieve the rotor flux and rotor speed tracking purpose based on MPPT algorithm. This method could decouple the current and voltage of induction generator to track the reference of stator current and flux linkage. By adjusting the wind turbine mechanical speed, the wind energy system could operate at the optimal rotational speed and achieve the maximal power. Simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed technique.


Abstract : The purpose of this theses is to study the impact of the Congressional Budget process on the Department of the Navy (DoN) fiscal year 1990 budget. The thesis focuses on four specific events that took place during the FY 1990 budget process. These four events are (1) the actions of the Authorizing and Appropriating Committees, (2) a technical estimating difference between the congressional Budget Office and the Department of Defense (DoD), (3) the Byrd Amendment which took money from DoD and other appropriations to fund the war on drugs and (4) the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings sequestration process. Each of these events had a separate and distinct effect on the FY 1990 DoN budget.


A distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser strain sensor was implemented to measure acoustic emission induced by the hydraulic fracturing process. A study of practical sensor mounting configurations and their characteristics was carried out to find a practical solution. Combining the suitable mounting configuration and ultrahigh strain sensitivity of the DFB fiber laser, the evolution of the hydraulic fracturing process was well monitored. This study shows that fiber lasers can be useful alternatives to piezoelectric sensors in the field of hydraulic fracturing for gas and oil extraction.


This paper shows that grammatical subjects are articulated with teaching. In this sense, we comment and reflect on a few results obtained by means of search on the subject relative to the teaching of grammar in Portuguese Language Schoolbooks. The search focused the analysis on a book used in third grade (current fourth year) of Basic Education and guided itself in the hope that the activities would part from the functioning of the language system, and that should not necessarily be related to a lack of consideration to the orientations found in traditional handbooks.


A kinetic and thermodynamic study of the reaction of the 2,4,6-triphenylthiopyrylium ion (1) with butylamine and cyclohexylamine has been performed in Me2SO at 25°C. The reaction involves the initial formation of both the corresponding 2H- and 4H-thiopyrans, which equilibrate to form only the more stable 2H adduct. The kinetic data are consistent with a two-step process wherein the formation of the protonated 2H- and 4H-thiopyran intermediates is the rate-controlling step. A comparison with the addition reaction of 1 with CH3O- shows that the relative stabilities of the 2H and 4H isomers are strongly affected by the charge of the thiopyran derivative. Equilibrium data indicate that the acidity of the ammonium ion is strongly enhanced by the presence of the thiopyranyl moiety. © 1984 American Chemical Society.


Over recent years, the financial health of the urban co-operative sector has shown a remarkable improvement. In 2011–12, the sector showed an increased return on assets and a further fall in the ratio of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs). As per the new CAMELS rating model, 61 per cent of the UCBs, accounting for about 78 per cent of the total banking business of the UCB sector, had ratings of 'A' and 'B', indicating the good financial health of this sector. The Co-operative movement in India was started a century ago with the enactment of Co-operative society Act in 1904. The Co-operative structure in India can broadly be divided into two segments. While the urban areas are served by Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs), rural co-operatives operate in the rural parts of the country. The banking related activities of UCBs are governed by the Reserve Bank of India(RBI),whereas the registration and management related activities are governed by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies(RCS) in case of UCBs operation in single state and Central RCS in case of multi-state UCBs. Keeping the above facts the present paper evaluates the performance of UCBs with absolute financial figures.


A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a cluster of sensor nodes where each sensor node has capability to monitor, measure and disseminates the data to the neighboring node. Collected data is normally forwarded to base station for analysis and processing. Many protocols for network with static sink are available in literature. However, WSN with mobile sink(s) is the contemporary research issue amongst the researchers. The existing approaches have high communication overhead and latency. As an alternative of existing protocol we are presenting Tide-based Data Dissemination (TBDD) protocol for mobile sink in WSNs where we added the concept of tides and relay nodes in rendezvous region (RR) that results in highly secured, reliable and energy efficient protocol. The nodes in RR take part in the communication which results in increase of network life time as well as address the sink mobility.


AMONG the relatively new orally administered radio-opaque mediums for cholecystography that are in common use today, Priodax (iodoalphionic acid) has enjoyed the greatest popularity since its intro...


A mobile robot generates position error when it changes directions. To reduce the position error a gyro sensor can be used. However, the effect of gyro sensor is not fully measured precisely for various conditions. This paper focuses on the effect of gyro sensor by measuring position error which is comprised of angular error and distance error. In the experimentation, the position errors of mobile robots for five different courses are measured for the robot with a gyro sensor and those without it. The closed courses include three, five, seven, nine and eleven direction changes which cause to generate considerable position errors. The experimental result shows that the angular error is reduced to about 14.3%~41.4% after a gyro sensor is used. Further, the position errors in distance are reduced to 22.4~31.8% when a gyro sensor is used. The remarkable difference between the two kind of errors is that the angular error increases steadily whereas the distance error increases rapidly but does not increase anymore over a certain level as the number of direction change increases.


How far is it true that the aesthetic appreciation of nature obscures, rather than illuminates, its objects? Do we not humanise nature, read our own subjectivity into it, sentimentally distort it, in our aesthetic – as distinct from scientific – approaches? I argue that not all humanising falsifies, and that we can respect nature as well as annex its forms and expressive qualities in our aesthetic appreciation. Respecting/humanising are explored as two of the chief key concepts for an understanding of the complexity of aesthetic attitudes to nature.


Neelam Rani. Meizotropis pellita (Fabaceae family), an endangered plant commonly known as Patwa was screened for potential antimicrobial activity against medically important bacterial strains, namely Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activity was determined in alcoholic and aqueous extract using agar well diffusion method. The alcoholic extracts have shown antimicrobial activity while aqueous extract was inactive against all the tested bacterial strains. E.coli was the most resistant strain while Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes were most sensitive bacterial strains. The results of the study suggest that the plant contain some important bioactive compounds which can be used for development of new herbal drugs.


[Objective] The research aimed to study the extraction and purification technologies of polysaccharides in sea cucumber.[Method] Using Stichopus japonicus produced in Dalian as research object,polysaccharides in sea cucumber was extracted and purified by alkaline extraction method.[Result] The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: KOH concentration of 3%,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶50,extraction time of 4 h,extraction temperature of 60 ℃.Under these technology conditions,the extraction rate of polysaccharides was 20.69%.This process conditions were suitable for extracting polysaccharides from sea cucumber.Using hydrogen peroxide oxidation discoloration and acetate precipitation method,the protein was removed.And the final yield of polysaccharides was 7.96% and rate of purity was 82.39%.[Conclusion] The research provided references for extraction and purification of polysaccharides from S.japonicus and the relevant studies.


Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of neuronal nicotinic receptor antagonist mecamylamine in circulatory failure induced by DDV in dogs.Methods 20 male dogs were randomized into 4 groups:control(A);treatment with mecamylamine(B);treatment with atropine(C);treatment with mecamylamine and atropine(D).Animals were given intramuscular DDV,and when the mean blood pressure decreased to 40~45 mm Hg,the drugs were intramuscularly injected and the hemodynamic changes were observed.Results In anesthetized dogs poisoned with DDV,the circulatory failure was characterized by a decrease in mean blood pressure(MAP),which could be improved significantly if mecamylamine at 0 01 mg/kg,or atropine at 0 1 mg/kg,or both were used.After treatment with atropine and mecamylamine,△MAP?△+dp/dtmax?△-dp/dtmax and △Vpm were much higher than those in dogs treated with either of the two drugs alone.It suggested that there was synergism between mecamylamine and atropine.Conclusion The therapeutic effects of mecamylamine,an antagonist of nicotinic receptors,against circulatory failure induced by DDV were observed with synergism between mecamylamine and atropine. [


Special epistemological problems arise when exotic systems of ideas and affects are studied by a foreigner. Difficulties in knowing "the native view" are discussed, and a partial solution for this epistemological problem is proposed. Exemplification through substantive semantic analysis of a key morality term used by Montenegrin tribesmen results in a descriptive portrait of the moral self. In contrast to certain trends in ethnographic semantics, which are antiseptically formal, overstructured, unduly self-contained, or static, emphasis here is placed upon open-ended semantic inquiry and fuller articulation with the general ethnographic context by taking native decisions and social processes into direct account. [methodology/theory, morality, psychological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, Circum-Mediterranean]


High T c Nb 3 Ge films prepared by coevaporation have been irradiated by 20 MeV sulfur ions at low temperatures ( c vs. dose decreased from 22 K to 4.3 K with a slight minimum of ∼70 mK depth at \phi t\sim 3.10^{15} cm-2before saturation. - Filmsirradiated by doses up to \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{15} cm-2could be annealed to the pre-irradiation T c . In contrast, strong irradiation led to an (X-ray-) amorphous structure, from which T c values of only 15-17 K could be recovered, similar to the results obtained for amorphous NbGe films condensed at LN 2 temperature. - The behaviour of the film resistivity during the heat treatment indicates that for films irradiated by low doses only lattice defects anneal, whereas for high dose damaged films recrystallization from the amorphous state occurs.


The algorithm for the QoS model based on scalable core is introduced. The algorithm can provide a service with flexibility, scalability, robustness and a higher guarantee level. Experiments are made to prove that it is possible to extend the current Diffserv framework to accommodation algorithms by using Dynamic Packet State and Core Stateless Fair Queue. The key extension needed is to associate each Per Hop Behavior (PHB) additional space in the packet header with the storing of PHB specific Dynamic Packet State. Such a paradigm will significantly increase the flexibility and capabilities of the services that can be built with a Diffserv like architecture.


Deposition of basement membrane components, such as collagen IVα5, is associated with altered endothelial cell function in pulmonary hypertension. Collagen IVα5 harbors a functionally active fragment within its C-terminal non-collageneous (NC1) domain, called pentastatin, whose role in pulmonary endothelial cell behavior remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that pentastatin serves as a mediator of pulmonary endothelial cell dysfunction, contributing to pulmonary hypertension. In vitro, treatment with pentastatin induced transcription of immediate early genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines and led to a functional loss of endothelial barrier integrity in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Mechanistically, pentastatin leads to β1-integrin subunit clustering and Rho/ROCK activation. Blockage of the β1-integrin subunit or the Rho/ROCK pathway partially attenuated the pentastatin-induced endothelial barrier disruption. While pentastatin reduced the viability of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cell proliferation was induced. These effects on the pulmonary vascular cells were recapitulated ex vivo in the isolated-perfused lung model, where treatment with pentastatin induced swelling of the endothelium accompanied by occasional endothelial cell apoptosis. This was reflected by increased vascular permeability and elevated pulmonary arterial pressure induced by pentastatin. This study identifies pentastatin as a mediator of endothelial cell dysfunction, which thus might contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disorders such as pulmonary hypertension.


Field cricket species are ideal model organisms for the study of sexual selection because cricket calling songs, used to attract mating partners, are pronouncedly sexually dimorphic. However, few studies have focused on other sexually dimorphic traits of field crickets. The horn‐headed cricket, Loxoblemmus doenitzi, exhibits exaggerated sexual dimorphism in head shape: males have flat heads with triangular horns, while females lack horns. This study examines the relationship between horn length, male calling efforts and diet quality. Horn length was not found to be significantly correlated with calling efforts. When diet was manipulated for late‐stage nymphs, calling efforts in the group with poor‐quality diet treatment was significantly lower than that of crickets in the group with high‐quality diet treatment. However, horn length was not affected by diet quality. The implication of these results in the context of the evolution of multiple signals and sexual dimorphism is discussed.


THIS paper discusses some of the findings from a recent survey of HIV and Aids-related issues amongst a random household sample of 16-30 year- olds. The focus of the discussion is on the method ological problem of respondent refusal, particularly internal non-response when significant numbers of respondents refused to answer the more sensitive questions asked by the interviewer. Differences be tween respondents who refused to answer such questions, and those who were willing to answer, are presented. Refusers were younger than those who responded, and less likely to be in a stable partner ship. It is argued that this loss of information has important implications, and a general need for cau tion in interpreting the results of such surveys is emphasised.


Indoor Mobile navigation systems are becoming more widespread in many areas (transport, public institutions, logistics and others.). It is becoming popular navigation based on fingerprint radio access points Wi-Fi. As a mechanism for storing and processing the radio fingerprint is often considered a model of artificial neural networks (ANN). The paper examines the main issues related to the creation of complex programs for indoor mobile navigation using neural networks. We justify the choice of AAN learning algorithms for an indoor mobile navigation system.


This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn and Cu on physiological responses of tobacco at the different leaf ages for the purpose of phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated field. Plant height was significantly decreased at Zn and Cu concentrations of 1.0 mM or higher. Especially, root dry weight decreased more (50% reduced) than shoot dry weight. Zn and Cu accumulation in the shoot and root was dramatically increased after 2.0 mM treatment. The accumulation pattern was different by leaf aging in that Zn accumulated more in senescence leaf and Cu accumulated more in growing leaf. The amounts of heavy metal accumulations per plant were 146,000 mg/kg for Zn and 20,500 mg/kg for Cu at 2.0 mM treatment. The proper harvesting time would be suggested as vegetative growth stage for Zn and reproductive stage for Cu. The concentrations of other inorganic ions (Mg, Mn, Fe) were decreased when Zn and Cu concentrations were increased. Cu concentration and Zn concentration of both shoot and root were decreased in Zn treatment and Cu treatment, respectively.


We examine a family of nite energy SO(3) Yang-Mills connections over S 4 , indexed by two real parameters. This family includes both smooth connections (when both parameters are odd integers), and connections with a holonomy singularity around 1 or 2 copies of RP 2. These singular YM connections interpolate between the smooth solutions. Depending on the parameters, the curvature may be self-dual, anti-self-dual, or neither. For the (anti)self-dual connections, we compute the formal dimension of the moduli space. For the non-self-dual connections we examine the second variation of the Yang-Mills functional, and count the negative and zero eigenvalues. Each component of the non-self-dual moduli space appears to consist only of conformal copies of a single solution.


At small scales, vision is a widely used contactless sensor allowing multi-dimensional measurements, notably position, orientation, displacements and relative distances. The most convenient procedure consists in processing natural features present in images of the scene of interest. However, this approach results in performances that are object-dependent, sensitive to noise and restricted to measurement ranges smaller than the field of observation. Different kinds of structured patterns attached to the moving object of interest were proposed to overcome these limitations. This paper presents a phase-based visual X, Y, $\Theta$ positioning method combining nanometric resolution, large measurement range and robustness against common types of images alterations. The paper describes the phase-based position coding/decoding principles and then demonstrates the large range-to-resolution ratio as well as the method capabilities to reconstruct the correct position despite significant levels of image noise/occlusion. Finally, the trade-off between image size, resolution obtained and computation speed is discussed.


Based on the monitoring data of nearly 1 000 days from a health monitoring system of a serviced bridge,the initial data were clarified for creep analysis from amount of monitoring data by analysis the loading and temperature informations synthetically.By analysis on the clarified monitoring data,the creeping strains of the bridge were obtained successfully,and measured results have a good agreement with the theoretical results.Based on the creep analysis,the deformation of the bridge were deduced and verified by the FEM results.By the analysis of the serviced bridge,we can get not only the variation of the creeps of the concrete of a serviced bridge directly,but also can deduce the deformation tendence of the bridge.


an important concern fo r owners of concrete highway barriers and dividers (sometimes known as Jersey barriers). Concrete can provide good performance throughout the service life of the barrier. Good concrete can have an extremely long life span under the right conditions. Wa t e r, although important for concrete hydration and hardening, can also play a role in decreasing the durability of concrete. Water not consumed in the hydration reaction will remain in the microstructure pore spaces and create tiny capillaries. In areas of the country that are subjected to freezing and thawing, water containing de-icing chemicals is drawn into the concrete through these capillaries. This external source of alkali reacts with the amorphous silica


This paper studies why some clusters in a certain region are more dynamic than others, even though they all operate within the same basic innovative regional environment. We first established which variables were to be used to measure the dynamics of a regional cluster. We included both inputs and outputs of the innovative regional environment and also cluster development-related variables. We then applied this to two clusters located in the Valencian Region, Spain. The first cluster is involved in the footwear industry, while the other is involved in the ceramic tile industry. The evolution of the variables which had an influence on their dynamics was studied to determine which variables had similar behaviours and how their evolution was related to the clusters' life cycle and to the evolution of regional income. The results show that regional innovation impacts on clusters' productivity and that when clusters lose their dynamism, employment, sales and exports are the most affected variables.


Although it has been suggested that infiltration of water vapor into multi-layer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) can increase leakage current, few studies have reported how this increase is directly linked to the infiltration. In this work we performed accelerated temperature and humidity stress tests with heavy water as a tracer and investigated, using secondary ion mass spectrometry, whether traces of water vapor could be detected in MLCCs. In particular, deuterium was found in areas where an augmented leakage current was detected. It is clear that infiltration of water vapor into MLCCs increased the leakage current. This finding could lead to further improvements in MLCCs.


A general model for constrained optimum water pricing and capacity expansion is applied to the twin cities of Kitchener‐Waterloo (KW), Ontario. The model identifies the water price and water supply capacity, which maximizes the present value of net economic benefits over a planning horizon. Constraints on the rate of price change and financial cost recovery are included. Results for KW indicate that significant economic benefits can be achieved by jointly optimizing decisions about water pricing and capacity expansion. It is also shown that optimum policies are compatible with the goal of financial cost recovery on the part of the supply authority. The benefits of optimum pricing and capacity expansion are likely to be greatest in water supply systems which exhibit economics of scale or in cities where the rate of population growth is small.


Gate oxide reliability characteristics using different diffusion barrier metals for a tungsten polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) gate stack were investigated in detail. The insertion of a thin WSix layer in a tungsten poly gate stack could effectively relieve the mechanical stress of a gate hardmask nitride film during a post thermal process, which contributes to better gate oxide reliability and the stress-immunity of the transistor. This insertion could also prevent the formation of a Si–N inter-dielectric layer, which could lower the contact resistance between poly and tungsten effectively. A W/WN/WSix/poly gate stack could be a promising candidate for a future W poly gate that shows reliable high-speed characteristics in dynamic random access memory applications.


The rules and regulations of documentation of the medical record concerning the definition of the chief complaints and their criterion should be changed and developed in order to adapt the constant changing of medicine service. Combining the opinions declared in domestic medical literatures which brought forward by some specialists, based on personal experiences of clinical quality control and examination on the medical records, the author summarizes the main points of chief complaints and the common problems about them.


Within the Austrian economists' community, value investing is characterized as a useful investment strategy, and one that is in line with Austrian economics, in particular Austrian value theory. In fact, value investing shares some basic findings with Austrian value theory, especially the crucial distinction between values and prices. However, value investing also contradicts some fundamentals of Austrian economics. Therefore, the authors argue that value investing's seeming compatibility with Austrian economics must be characterized as a myth. The aim of this article is to illustrate what makes value investing incompatible with Austrian economics and, hence, to terminate this myth.


We believe the authors of the 2009 update of the guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia1 have confused mortality predictors with severity-of-illness scores. They state 'we have concentrated only on studies that have used mortality as the main outcome measure'. We recognise that there are difficulties in using intensive care admission as an outcome measure because of variation in admission criteria. However, 30-day survival of patients with low mortality predictor scores does not mean they were not severely ill, merely that …


With the development of Internet technology, we have ushered in the "big data era". The arrival of big data has made data calculation, acquisition, and statistics more convenient, and has had a significant impact on people's lives, social management, and national governance. However, because the information unearthed by big data analysis technology may exceed people's imagination, its privacy issues have also attracted much attention. This paper first briefly introduces the definition and current status of big data and its privacy issues, describes the privacy protection link model, and then starts from the privacy protection technology of big data, introduces the K-anonymization traditional big data privacy protection technology, advantages and disadvantages, Specific algorithms, etc.


In this article a previously proposed interpretation of Minoan 'horns of consecration' as a symbol of sun is reexamined. A clay model of 'horns of consecration' from the peak sanctuary of Petsophas, the results of astronomical research on Minoan peak sanctuaries, the idols of the so-called 'Goddess with Upraised Arms" and a clay model of 'horns of consecration' from the Mycenaean cemetery of Tanagra are put forward as evidence for a possible adoption or a parallel development under the influence of adjacent cultures by the Minoans (and by the Mycenaeans, at least after 1400 B.C.) of religious notions related to the Egyptian symbols of the 'mountain' and the 'horizon', both connected with the Sun in Egyptian cosmology and religion. It is concluded that the 'horns of consecration' may represent a practical device as well as an abstract symbol of the Sun, a symbol of catholic importance, which embraced many aspects of Minoan religious activities as represented on Minoan iconography.


Objective: To examine the impact of a national current affairs television program about the association between osteonecrosis of the jaw and bisphosphonates on subsequent prescription use, fractures and deaths.


2014 Shock induced electrical polarization of nitromethane has been investigated in the 3 to 8.3 GPa range of pressure. Experimental results agree with Allison's phenomenological theory and lead to a polarization relaxation time of about 10 nanoseconds. We point that other works on the polarization of nitromethane have been published. Our results disagree in interpretation and relaxation time (30 picoseconds) but an agreement, within 15 %, is found for the dielectric constant. Tome 13 N° 11 Novembre 1978


Reported here are the effects of added formic acid on inhibitory effect of Salmonella gallinarum in poultry feed. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the viability of S. gallinarum and pH of poultry feed using different dietary formic acid levels (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) on inhibitory effect of S. gallinarum in broiler feed. Experiment one was conducted to investigate the viability of S. gallinarum and pH of artificially contaminated diet at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment in vitro. Formic acid showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the viability for all treatments with time after treatment. Various formic acid levels in vitro showed a reduction in the pH of the diet depending upon the concentration of treated acid, and the diet remained acidic below the growth range of S. gallinarum. This meant that the bacterial cells were exposed to stressful conditions that made them unable to grow. Experiment two was conducted to find out the effect of dietary formic acid levels on S. gallinarum colonization and pH in the contents of crop, small intestine, large intestine and ceca and mortality rate of broiler chicks at 7, 14 and 21 days of age when fed artificially contaminated diet with S. gallinarum. The numbers of S. gallinarum re-isolated from all treated groups except in groups treated with 0.5% formic acid, decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared with the control group. The treatment significantly (p<0.05) lowered the pH of the crop, small intestine, large intestine and ceca contents in all groups except the groups treated with 0.5% formic acid compared with the control. All treated groups showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in overall mortality rate during the experimental period (3 to 21 days) compared with the control. The results indicate that addition of formic acid in a total concentration of 1.5% to the diet of newly hatched broiler chicks significantly decreases the contamination of diet with S. gallinarum. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 3 : 390- 395)


Temperature profiles of dispersed kerosene and water were measured in a spray column heat exchanger, 15 cm. in diameter and 160 cm. long. Dispersed packing of drops and narrow temperature ranges were used. The flow rates used were 0 to 50 liters/min. of water and 5 to 40 liters/min. of kerosene. The physical picture that emerges from the temperature profiles is that heat is transferred from fully mixed drops to fully mixed wakes while the wakes are formed, by shedding and renewal of elements of wakes in most of the column and by complete mixing of all streams at the water inlet at the top of the column. Mathematical equations were developed from the physical model. The volume of the wakes and the rate of shedding of wake elements were estimated from the temperature profiles and were used to calculate the temperature profiles for this and for other studies. The agreement of the calculated profiles with the experimental data is very good.


Introduction. Objective: linguacultural analysis of the edification words, collected in a free associative experiment (FAE) and published in the "Kazakh Associative Dictionary".
Materials & Methods. Set of associations of instructive character singled out by the continuous sampling method into a separate fragment of the world paremiological image is a unique representative research material included into the Kazakh Associative Dictionary, in the 23 655 associative reactions of the students of different universities in Shymkent city for112 stimulus words, 272 sayings – edifications recorded in 200 questionnaires. Archetypal layers of the ethnic linguistic consciousness represented in the edifying paremias reflect the Kazakh spiritual and moral values. The content of the FAE and Kazakh Associative Dictionary reflects the indicative feature of the study, i.e. introduction of the gender factor differentiating the men and women associations; it provided for revealing and presentation of the reliable characteristics of the gender determined linguistic consciousness of the informants. The content of the sayings-edification mainly relates to the moral life of the nation, they enshrine the generally accepted ethical norms.
Results. Gender irrelevant positions: evil and good are equally evaluated differently; respect for elders is clearly manifested.
Gender marked positions: for men – duty to the homeland, responsibility for the family; desire to work together; for women – the desire to protect family values, to correspond to the accepted world order, androcentrism.
Conclusions. The linguistic consciousness of the ethnos (in particular, its fragment as an actively demanded paremiological fund) reflects archetypal ideas about the ethnic spiritual and moral worldview values, on which stable elements of the modern Kazakh linguistic culture are formed and actively functioning; being vital for the ethnic integrity.


In this paper, a new methodology is proposed for extraction of unstructured road networks from satellite images using binary image segmentation. The segmentation method is implemented by determining a global threshold which is obtained from a statistical evaluation using a number of sample satellite images. The thresholding method is based on the observation that the roads in unstructured environments are brighter than non-road areas. In addition, it is observed that in an aerial image, the area covered by roads is only a small percentage. Hence, road pixels are generally populated at the brighter end of the image histogram. After thresholding, morphological operations are applied to the resultant binary image. The results showed that proposed method can be used for automatic extraction of unstructured road network from a variety of satellite images.


The direct power control (DPC) scheme for doubly-fed generator (DFIG) wind energy systems is known to have simple control structure and fast dynamic response in comparison with other well developed control approaches such as field oriented control (FOC). The simplicity of this method comes from employing hysteresis-based controls for the stator active and reactive powers. However, these controllers have non-linear behavior, which causes a variable switching frequency for converter. This paper proposes a constant switching frequency controller that can replace the hysteresis-based controller and provides wide range of speed operation for DFIG wind power systems. The proposed control strategy is tested by simulation using MATLAB/Simulink and PSIM, and also experimentally using a 5.5 kW DFIG laboratory set up.


I am pleased to submit the tenth annual Department of Labor (the Department or DOL) Performance and Accountability Report to Congress and the American people. Work in the United States is evolving rapidly with demographic trends, technological advances, and international competition. To help workers succeed in the midst of change and economic uncertainty, the Department must anticipate new trends and adopt effective strategies. With that in mind, we set out to modernize the Department – to transform DOL into a more effective and efficient government agency that delivers benefits for its customers and stakeholders alike. During my tenure as Secretary of Labor, the Department responded in many new and innovative ways to the challenges of the 21 st Century. Four examples of progress stand out. First, the Department successfully updated the 50‐year‐old white‐collar overtime regulations under the Fair Labor Standards Act to provide millions of low‐wage vulnerable workers with strengthened overtime protections. Second, DOL achieved the first major update of union financial disclosure regulations in more than 40 years, giving union members enhanced information on how their hard‐earned dues are spent. Third, the Pension Protection Act of 2006 complements the Department's record enforcement of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and achieves the President's goals of stronger funding and greater transparency of our pension system, including important reforms to expand retirement security and protect workers in defined contribution plans. And fourth, the Department has been privileged to assist our returning veterans, who have fought so bravely to defend our freedom at home and throughout the world. Among our actions, the Department published the first‐ever regulations implementing the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act, launched ReaLifelines to provide one‐on‐one services to seriously wounded service members, initiated the HireVetsFirst campaign, and, this past August, inaugurated America's Heroes at Work, which focuses on the challenges of returning service members with Traumatic Brain Injury and Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder. The Program Performance Overview in the Management's Discussion and Analysis section of this report includes many more examples that highlight the impact DOL programs have had on individuals over the last seven years. This report documents the latest evidence of the Department's transformation with program and financial performance results. While the Department did not meet all of its 2008 goals, we are continuing to focus on improving program performance. Organized by types of workers we serve, the following is a summary of our performance …


Avril Drummond1† & Lynn Legg2 †Author for correspondence 1Division of Rehabilitation and Ageing, B Floor, Medical School, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Tel.: +44 115 823 0226 Fax: +44 115 823 0231 Avril.Drummond@ nottingham.ac.uk 2Academic Section of Geriatric Medicine, Level 3, Centre Block, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK Tel.: +44 141 211 4953 Fax: +44 141 211 4944 E-mail: step@ clinmed.gla.ac.uk 'A series of trials has shown that treatment by an occupational therapist, who is an expert in stroke care, can reduce activity limitation in people who have had a stroke.'


The fluctuation-dissipation analysis is carried out for the loop nonlinear RLC-circuit in equilibrium on the basis of the dual linear Langevin stochastic equations approach. It was found that the asymmetry of both the voltage thermal fluctuations at the capacitor and the current thermal fluctuations at inductor is a function of the resistor quadratic nonlinearity, the small signal capacity of capacitor, and the small signal inductance of inductor. At the same time the nonlinear characteristics of both capacitor and inductor do not influence the mentioned above asymmetries.


Recently Taha [5] discussed a simple two-sample squared rank test for detecting scale parameter changes when the distribution in question is asymmetrical and one-sided. Earlier Mood [3] introduced a two-sample squared rank test for detecting scale changes in the case of a symmetrical distribution having fixed median. A common assumption made in the development of both of these tests is that the underlying distributions are continuous. Therefore the influence of ties on these tests has not been investigated. The exact variance adjustment necessary for these tests in the case of existing tied observations will be presented in this note. Hemelrijk [1] previously considered the effect of ties for the two-sample Wilcoxon test. Later Putter [4] gave a comprehensive discussion of the effect of ties on the sign test and the Wilcoxon test. Taha's and Mood's squared rank tests are based on two independent samples Xi (i = 1, * , m) and yi (i = 1, * , n) of the random variables X and Y. The null hypothesis of either test states that X and Y have the same distribution. The observations in the pooled sample (x, , ... , Xm , S * *, Yn) are arranged in increasing order according to their real values. It is assumed that there are k classes of obtained values in the resulting ranking scheme. (Tied observations with the same value form one class.) Here ti represents the number of observations in the jth class of values ranked from below, and m + n =1 = t Nis the total number of observations in the pooled sample. The number of values associated with the x's and y's in the jth class will be denoted by a, and bi respectively (i.e. a, + b, = t, for j = 1, ... , k). Define S, = ]hl th and ao = bo = to = So = 0. In the presence of ties, either test may be represented by


1. Life expectancy and mortality rates from diseases arising in various organs vary with sex because of differential exposure to external hazards and because of essential differences between males and females in aspects not directly connected with reproduction. This review attempts to collate data about the structural and functional dimorphism of mammals exclusive of the genital organs and psychological aspects.


The purpose of this study is to investigate globalization and its economical effect on entrepreneurship. It is a survey which organized in the vocational schools in Fars province from trainer's point of view. Globalization is an inevitable multi-dimensional process, and a new historical experience which traversed (rises) economic borders to cultural, and political space. It affects on different aspects of education system such as economy, culture, and politic. But it effects mostly on economy. In the current study descriptive survey research design was used. This study is delimited to vocational schools in Fars province as one of most famous provinces at the centre of Iran. The questionnaire is main instrument of the research and Likert scale is used so that each question can be rated on five–point scale of distress (1-5) ranging from "Strongly Disagreed" to "Strongly Agreed". Researchers used multi-stage random sampling which is one method of probability techniques and selected 10 vocational schools. They also used some measures of central tendency or average such as mean and percentage in order to analysis the results of the survey. Economic effects of globalization on entrepreneurship resulted in some results such as more attention to vocational courses, technology and the uses of IT. In the process of globalization and in order to train experts, for the economy of capitalization, many of the educational affairs are done by private sections and the stress is on the vocational courses. Globalization is not limited


The α-γ transition is discussed starting from the elastic stability conditions of the α-N2 phase. The α phase can be shown to become unstable on increasing pressure. The energy potential surface near the phase transition point has been calculated using an ab initio intermolecular potential. The probable path of the transition is traced on the surface.


The isospin-breaking correlator of the product of flavor octet vector currents, $V^3_\mu$ and $V^8_\nu$, $\Pi^{38}_{\mu\nu}(q^2)$ is computed to next-to-next- to-leading (two-loop) order in Chiral Perturbation Theory. Large corrections to both the magnitude and $q^2$-dependence of the one-loop result are found, and the reasons for the slow convergence of the chiral series for the correlator given. The two-loop expression involves a single ${\cal O}(q^6)$ counterterm, present also in the two-loop expressions for $\Pi^{33}_{\mu\nu}(q^2)$ and $\Pi^{88}_{\mu\nu}(q^2)$, which counterterm contributes a constant to the scalar correlator $\Pi^{38}(q^2)$. The feasibility of extracting the value of this counterterm from other sources is discussed. Analysis of the slope of the correlator with respect to $q^2$ using QCD sum rules is shown to suggest that, even to two-loop order, the chiral series for the correlator may not yet be well-converged.


Postmodernism is the raging fad, and in geography Michael Dear is perhaps its best known Brooks Brothers, Wall Street ad man. Uncharacteristically, in his commentary on what I have to say about Australia's wild horses, he loses his cool and flails away at me with a ceremonial tomahawk and a parlor house derringer. He shows that he does not understand biology or biologists. He can't find his way into my public publishing record. He chooses to turn away from the delicious horse fodder I offer up. He plays coy and querulous with the simplest of ideas. He equivocates and contradicts himself. He appeals to a cheap literary trick (Let's have fun reconstructing Symanski's unrecorded thoughts). And, to what will surely be the bountiful delight of those enamored with tropes, he spawns several ironies, a couple of which are more than a little disheartening. How ironical that Dear should accuse me of being "stubbornly anchored in an outmoded Judeo-Christian tradition that emphasizes Man's Dominion Over Nature." The British, Dear's ancestors, introduced the many domestic animals into Australia that turned feral, now well more than a million critters that are having, and have had, such a devastating impact on Australia's native flora and fauna, on fragile ecosystems best suited to small and lightfooted wallabies, bilbies, and lizards. Innocent as Dear may be of all this (I'd be the last to argue that one ought to be blamed for the arrogance of one's ancestors), he has little reason to be taking the high-moral ground with me, implying that like all good postmodernists, he embraces a biocentric point of view. Were it true, one would expect Dear to be as keen as I am to rid the Australian outback of calamitous introduced feral species-not just horses. He would not be interested in having his ancestors' mistakes persist in the name of horse love and indifferent temporizing while overbearing foreign intruders pillage natives and animal liberation crackpots are given a hearing. The embracement of filibustering under the seemingly enobling idea that "all voices are of equal value" sanctions mischievous politics, and, in this instance, leaves the strong impression that Dear harbors imperialist and colonialist sympathies. Using a disreputable literary technique a la Joe McGinniss, Dear also mistakingly infers my state of mind on this issue of Judeo-Christian dominance over nature. Between the spring of 1992 and December of 1993 I taught four lecture courses on environmental analysis to more than 1,600 students. These were courses in which a centerpiece idea was the imperative to adopt some form of biocentric philosophy. Dear's assertions that "supporters of a postmodern science are perhaps most common in the field of biology" . . . and that "they typically endorse the Gaia thesis" bear no resemblance to the mind-sets of biologists who have been my primary reference group for the past fifteen years or so. The overwhelming majority of professional biologists I know or read (and the one I live with) are hardcore materialists, positivists, or realists. They have not the slightest interest in (or even know about) postmodernism; and those who have heard about its basic tenets consider them irrelevant if not mindless. Nor do they think of the Gaia hypothesis as other than "indisputably wrong" (Ehrlich and Ehrlich 1991:20; Schneider 1991). And this point: Does Dear know the difference between the Gaia hypothesis and a biocentric philosophy? Dear's angst over "my reality [being] preferable" and my cheek for attacking postmodernism without having any kind of "published record" on postmodernism strikes me as a strangely twisted perspective on the postmodernist concern with privilege. It all reminds me of a conversation I had with one of my wife's biology Ph.D. students on a remote cattle station in the Northern Territory in May of 1991. Two days after arriving in Australia, which was


The efficiency of the heat exchanger depends directly on the heat transfer coefficient of the material. However, to improve the thermal performance of the system, a lot more is required from the aspect of the heat transfer fluid. Maximum improvements in cooling capabilities have been constrained because of less thermal conductivities of the working fluids, which is vital in the enhancement of heat transfer. By using nano-sized (1–100 nm) solid particles as an additive suspended in the base fluid is one of the technique to enhancement heat transfer. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the heat transfer characteristics of water based nanofluid as a working fluid for heat exchanger. For the based fluid, a mixture of water & Nanoparticles Al2O3 and CuO Nano particles of concentration 0.1% to 0.5% were added to the base fluid and then evaluate the heat transfer characteristics of the nanofluid. The mass flow rate of nanofluid in the shell and tube was kept at different flow rate between 2 to 9 LPM. The performance of the heat transfer characteristics were evaluated based on certain parameters which are the heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, Absorption rate, effectiveness, Renaults Number, friction factor, Nusselt number, and rate of heat transfer of the Nanofluids. It was found that the nanofluid that exhibited the highest heat transfer performance was the Al2O3 with 0.2% volume fraction in water.


This paper describes a new method to overcome sudden power-off for an MLC type NAND flash memory. The proposed scheme compresses the FTL metadata located in RAM and stores them into NAND flash memory. The experimental results show that it is possible to store two FTL metadata pages into a page without any spaces loss in MLC type NAND flash memory.


Abstract:The author shares his educational pathway from client to clinician and the many Adlerians who have awakened in him the Adlerian spirit of concern for others. He delineates several Adlerian principles most significant to him and most regularly applied in his clinical and training work.


South Africa is in a process of transformation and uncertainty. The South African Police Services (SAPS) is in a process of transformation. The macro transformation as the stimulus affects the whole of society and everybody's life. As Haiman (1985:74) points out, ""Change and the need to adapt to change are facts of managerial life.