DryEcoMate is a horticultural dehydrator developed through a partnership between the Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Synege and Regipomo. It is an energy-efficient, low-cost, modular, and portable dehydrator that works exclusively with renewable energy, namely solar thermal and photovoltaic and can operate independently of the instant weather conditions. To optimize a dehydration process, it is essential to optimize the following factors: Time, Product Quality, Energy Efficiency, Cost and Flavor / Odour. DryEcoMate allows the optimization of these factors by effectively controlling dehydration air temperature and air circulation speed, depending on the type of product to be dehydrated, the solar radiation and outdoor temperature at each time. DryEcoMate allows the use of outdoor air conditions at each moment, optimizing the process by reading the temperature and relative humidity conditions of the outside air, the air at the entrance of the dehydration chamber and the air at the exit of the dehydration chamber as to allow, at each instant and through the recirculated air / air flow mix, the control system to optimize the operating conditions of the equipment. DryEcoMate is a lightweight mobile device that allows to be moved and placed in the position that best suits it and allows greater efficiency in operation at all times. This equipment allows its placement in the best orientation at all times depending on the solar time, but also on the location of the production of dehydration at each moment of production. For this, in addition to its lightweight construction, the implementation of 100% swivel wheels allows ease of orientation and placement location. DryEcoMate is equipped with a solar thermal panel, a photovoltaic solar panel, a dehydration chamber, an electric resistance, fans to force air circulation inside the chamber, motorized air dampers actuators / valves, temperature and RH probes and a control system, which allows the equipment to operate under optimized conditions in each instant.


Introduction: Odontogenic tumors which may be benign or malignant, constitute a group of heterogeneous
lesions that are derived from the tooth-producing tissues or their remnants that are entrapped either within
the jawbones or into the adjacent soft tissues. Aim of the study was to determine the pattern of occurrence
and clinicopathological presentation of odontogenic tumors among patients attending the oral and
maxillofacial unit at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania using 2005 WHO
classification.
Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study that included patients with oral
and maxillofacial tumors. Patients' information was gathered using a structured questionnaire. Clinical and
histological examination was done, and the findings were recorded in a specially designed form. Data was
processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.
Results: A total of 102 patients with histological diagnosis of odontogenic tumors comprising 52 (51%)
males and 50 (49%) females, were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 34.07 ± 14.8
SD years and the most affected age group was 20-29 years. Majority 76 (74.5%) of the patients had
odontogenic tumors comprised of odontogenic epithelium with mature fibrous stroma without odontogenic
ectomesenchyme. Ameloblastoma was the most (65.7%) common odontogenic tumor followed by
odontogenic myxoma/myxofibroma (5.9%) and Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (5.9%).
Conclusion: Generally, the sociodemographic distribution and frequency of occurrence, of odontogenic
tumors seen in this study is similar to that reported in other African and Asian studies but differed with
American and European studies. Ameloblastoma was the most common odontogenic tumor with a high
propensity for the mandible compared to the maxilla.


Precision machining of thin-walled parts has always been a problem worth exploring in machining industry. Thin-wall parts are parts with relatively thin wall thickness, which are usually used in high-precision mechanical devices, aerospace equipment, automotive parts and other fields. Thin-wall parts are difficult to process and require high manufacturing technology. There are many difficulties and challenges in processing and manufacturing. Moreover, the deformation prediction technology is very important in the processing or clamping process of thin-wall parts, which can help manufacturers predict and optimize the design and processing technology of parts, so as to improve the accuracy and quality of parts and reduce the production cost.


The article analyzes the essence and contents of the practice of integration, its general methodological principles, summarizes the existing theoretical concepts of international economic integration. The developed foreign theories of integration as a basis for the research rely on the formation of integrated structures as a result of toughening competition in sectoral markets, while domestic economists in their theories rely on the experience of Russian companies that were formed during the first and the second wave of privatization, which confirms the specific nature of the integration processes in Russia.


The classes of binary and ternary matroids are both relatively well understood as is their intersection, the class of regular matroids. This paper considers the union M of the classes of binary and ternary matroids. M is a minor-closed class and the focus of the paper is on determining its set of excluded minors. It is conjectured here that this set of excluded minors unique matroids that are obtained by relaxing a circuit-hyperplane in each of AG(3; 2) and T 12 , where T 12 is a 12{element rank{6 self-dual binary matroid having an interesting link to the Petersen graph. The paper proves, by hand, that this conjectured list contains all excluded minors for M with at most fteen elements, and notes that a computer check shows that M has no further excluded minors with fewer than twenty-four elements. The structure of all remaining excluded minors is described. Moreover, it is proved that if M has an innnite set of excluded minors, then both the classes of binary and ternary matroids contain innnite antichains.


W ith a greater number of young children participating in sports, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in the immature athlete are becoming more common. Improvement in diagnosis and imaging is leading to better recognit ion. Now the controversy of operati ve versus conservative treatment must be resolved. There is some reason to be cautious with surgical treatment after a case report by Koman1 described a valgus deformity after ACL reconstruction. At the 2002 meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, a poste r presentation by Warren et al .? suggested that a delay in ACL treatment leads to an increased risk of injury to the meni sci. They reviewed 39 patients , 14 years old and younger, and divided them into 3 groups: acute, less than 6 weeks to reconstruction, and chronic (more than 6 weeks to surgical reconstruction) groups. Medial meniscal tears were more common in the chronic group (36%) compared with the acute group (11%). The lateral tears were equal in frequency . Their recommendation was that the ACL should be reconstructed early to prevent further damage to the medial meniscus.


Purpose

This research investigates the perceived collaboration between public, private, and volunteer organisations during maritime crisis work, with an emphasis on learning and collaboration. The purpose of this paper is to investigate participants' perceived collaboration training in relation to learning and usefulness.

Design/methodology/approach

The exercise studied in this research was run in the far North in Norway. It was estimated by the participants to be Europe's most extensive exercise in 2016. Mixed methods research approach was applied, i.e. on-site observations, photos and interviews were conducted during the exercise. After the exercise, an online survey was distributed to emergency personnel holding different positions in conjunction with this exercise.

Findings

As reported, the exercise contributed to new insights on the relationship between collaboration and learning. The study showed that collaborative elements in exercises contribute to perceived learning (R=0.86, R2=0.74), and that learning in turn had a perceived beneficial effect on actual emergency work (R=0.79, R2=0.62).

Research limitations/implications

The possible research implications from this study include more focus on collaboration and new training schemes that could increase learning and usefulness.

Practical implications

Collaboration between actors seemed to suffer from the size of the exercise. A smaller exercise, less dependency on predetermined scripts, and more receptivity towards improvisation could improve collaboration.

Social implications

Increased awareness on the outcomes of collaboration exercise might increase their learning and usefulness, providing societies with improved rescue services.

Originality/value

This research implies that increased perceived collaboration has an effect on learning and usefulness in maritime exercises.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review intuition in the context of organizational change. The authors argue that intuition as a concept requires attention and its formulation is necessary prior to its application in organizations. The paper provides a critique of dual process theory and highlights shortcomings in organization theorizing of intuition.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is conceptual and provides in-depth theoretical discussions by drawing from the literature on decision and intuition in the context of organizational change.

Findings

Investigating whether dual process theory is sufficiently clear, the authors found ambiguity. Specifically, the current definition provided by Dane and Pratt is not clear in terms of its four sections: the consciousness of non-conscious processing, involving holistic associations, that are produced rapidly, which result in affectively charged judgments. Finally, the authors note that the evolutionary perspective is missing and they provide foundational concepts for such a perspective, including the discussion of information templates, memes and genes, as argued by research, condition intuition.

Originality/value

The paper finds that an evolutionary perspective develops a picture of intuition as an adaptive resource. This evolutionary perspective is currently absent in research and the authors provide foundational concepts for such a perspective. They propose specific arguments to highlight the evolutionary perspective.


Fourteen groups of young commercial chickens were immunized once with a live NDV vaccine using different vaccine doses and routes of vaccination in five experiments. Three to six weeks later, small groups were selected from each flock. Sera were tested by the haemagglutination-inhibition test and a monoclonal antibody blocking ELISA, and the birds were challenged with a virulent NDV strain. Degree of protection was dose-dependent in those groups where the vaccine was administered orally at 3 weeks of age. Aerosol and eye drop vaccinations performed in day-old chicks provided full protection at 5 or 6 weeks of age. There was a good agreement between the two serological methods and positive results in any of the tests were reliable forecasts of protection.


The IoT-based smart grid provides many benefits to both energy consumers and energy producers, such as advanced metering functions, improved reliability, and management. Increasingly with the rise of smart homes and smart cities, security is a concern, as data networks increasingly run parallel to power networks. Ensuring good security practices are implemented in the smart home is critical. This study proposes a Home Area Network architecture design, and secure ChaCha20-Poly1305 Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) based authentication scheme, based on the recent LoRa 2.4 GHz technology; a robust and highly tunable transmission technology. This results in a network that balances performance considerations, whilst providing confidentiality, integrity and authenticity through the use of symmetric key-based authentication and encryption scheme. A performance analysis is conducted using a practical test bench to determine the impact that the proposed security mechanisms have on the LoRa network. The secure architecture proposed by this study has a minimal impact on the transmission time of a packet compared to a network with no security measures. This additional latency does not negatively impact on the smart home user in terms of network performance.


T he surge of capital inflows in the post-crisis period prompted proposals for reassessing capital flow volatility in developing countries. Based on that, this article analyzes Brazilian external vulnerability from 1995 to 2010. The objective is twofold: 1) to measure Brazil's capital-flow volatility; and, 2) to apply and analyze two measures of capital flight. Specifically, it aims to compare the volatility and capital flight measures in order to evaluate external vulnerability. While financial flow volatility may capture moments of waves of massive capital inflows and the transition to sharp reversals, capital flight may indicate the sensitivity of capital flows toward Brazil due to unstable factors and external shocks. In this sense, large capital flight from Brazil of the kind that occurred during the 2008 international financial crisis can be caused by high capital-flow volatility.


The research aims to analyze the influence of local government revenue, fiscal balance funds, and capital expenditures on the financial performance of local governments with community participation as a moderating variable. The population in this study were all regency and city governments in Bali Province consisting of 8 regencies and 1 city with a period of 5 years from 2014 to 2018. The total population in this study was 45. The sample technique used was the saturated sample the analysis technique used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the study showed that the local government revenue and capital expenditure had a positive effect on the financial performance of the regional government, while the fiscal balance fund had no effect on the financial performance of the regional government. Community participation strengthens the influence of local revenue, balance funds and capital expenditure on the financial performance of local governments.


Cognitive deficits are a prominent source of distress and functional impairment in both depression and anxiety, yet our understanding of these deficits and their mechanisms are limited. These cognitive deficits could be accounted for by fundamental deficit(s) in specific aspects of executive function (EF). Research on the structure of executive dysfunction in depression and anxiety has the potential to provide a mechanistic account of maladaptive patterns of behavior. Item-level exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on an ecologicallysensitive measure of EF. Consistent with Miyake et al. (2001), a three-factor model of EF including updating, shifting, and inhibition best fit the data. Structural equation modeling examined the relationship of EF factors to dimensions of psychopathology (anxious apprehension, anxious arousal, anhedonic depression). All three dimensions of psychopathology predicted shifting impairment, with anxious apprehension exhibiting the strongest relationship. Additionally, anxious arousal and anhedonic depression were associated with deficits in updating and inhibition, with anxious arousal exhibiting the stronger relationship in both domains. Implications for the development and maintenance of psychopathology are discussed, including proposed mechanisms of emotion regulation.


High signal-to-noise Canada-France-Hawaii telescope Reticon spectra are presented for the sharp-lined helium-strong stars Delta Ori C and HD 58260. Line profiles of the two stars have been modeled using a line synthesis program that incorporates the effects of a magnetic field and nonuniform abundances on the line profiles of a star. The star Delta Ori C displays very peculiar helium line profiles that can be reproduced with two different models: a helium-rich spot on an otherwise extremely helium-poor star or a vertical variation in the helium abundance from 0.40 below to 0.005 above tau 4471 = 0.35. HD 58260 also shows evidence of a similar, but less extreme, peculiarity. Both stars have substantial surface magnetic fields. Differential magnetic intensification of the Si III multiplet 2 lines indicate dipolar field strengths of approximately 9 kG for Delta Ori C and 8 kG for HD 58260. HD 58260 appears to be somewhat evolved, and has metal abundances 5-10 times lower than the roughly normal abundances of Delta Ori C. 70 refs.


We show that Y. Prokhorov's ``Simple Finite Subgroups of the {C}remona Group of Rank 3'' implies that, over any field of characteristic $0$, the essential dimensions of the alternating group, $A_7$, and the symmetric group, $S_7$, are $4$.


Part I Introduction and general observations: introduction - towards an institutional analysis of Dutch consensualism, F. Hendriks, Th.A.J. Toonen Polder politics in the Netherlands - the "viscous state" revisited, F. Hendriks Dutch administrative culture in a historic perspective, N. Randeraad, D.J. Wolffram consensus democracy in a post-modern perspective, P.H.A. Frissen local politics - the not-in-my-back-yard syndrome revisited, P.W. Tops. Part II Observations in policy domains: the Dutch negotiating economy - learning through concertation, A.C. Hemerijck infrastructure planning - balancing between fixation and enrichment, G.R. Teisman water management in the Netherlands - the re-invention of incremental policy, V.J.J.M. Bekkers, A.M.B. Lips breakthroughs in the Polder - institutional sclerosis and Polder politics, J.F.M. Hoppenjan the stuggle for greenscape - power and decision-making about rural area policy, C.E. Peters criminal investigation in the Dutch constitutional state - viscosity or decisiveness?, E.R. Muller, A.H. Pieterse. Part III Comparative observations: the flexibility of viscosity - new social movements in a comparative perspective, J.W. Duyvendak the low countries between divergence and convergence, M. Brans, R. Maes explaining the paradox of the Polder model - warts and all, R.H. Cox "Modell Deutschland" going Dutch? - the Dutch Polder from a german perspective, R. Kleinfeld the embarrassment od success - institutional underpinning of Polder politics, Th.A.J. Toonen, F. Hendriks.


Correlates of the "contrarian" investment strategy of countercyclical hiring were investigated through the use of regression models that explain variance in four measures of such hiring at the indi...


The indivisibility of Canada's national and international political and economic interests is recognized. These interests can be furthered only if the interdependence of economic, social and political considerations are expressed through clear cut national policy goals for integrating rural and urban interests. These goals in themselves are meaningless without the requisite government authority backed up by resources and personnel for the implementation process. An integral part of implementation is the need to ensure participation of the resident population in development goal setting and implementation of programs. Current international experience supporting the need for local residents to be so involved are presented.

L'AIDE AU DEVELOPPEMENT AGRICOLE:

L'indivisibilite des interets economiques et politiques du Canada au niveau national et international est deja reconnue. Ces interets peuvent etre favoriser seulement si l'interdependance des considerations economiques, sociales et politiques sont exprimees a trovers une politique nationals precise afin d'integrer les interets rurals et urbains. Ces ambitions sont en eux-memes sans signification, sans l'autoritee gouvernementale secondee par les ressources et le personnel pour un meilleur developpement. Une partie integrante de ce developpement sera le besoin d'assurer la participation de la population residante dans un cadre de croissance. Les experiences courantes, supportant le besoin des residents locaux aetre engager, sont presentees.


Title of Research Project : Microbiological Quality of Common Sweets from Hisar City Full name of degree holder : Nisha Agarwal Title of degree : Master of Science Name of Discipline : Food Science and Technology Name and Address of Major : Dr. B. S. Yadav,Professor Advisor Food Microbiology Centre of Food Science and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar-125 004 (India) Degree awarding University/ : CCS Haryana Agricultural University Institute Hisar-125 004 (India) Year of award of degree : 2007 Major subject : Food Science and technology Total number of pages in the : 28+iii+I Research project Number of words in abstract : 220 Approx.


Background Rapid tranquillisation (RT) is a high risk clinical intervention in terms of potential physical health complications. There has been no published work in the UK to survey nationally whether standards for post RT physical monitoring (as set out in organisation's RT documents) are being adequately audited. Aim To review current auditing of RT practice in England, with particular emphasis on examination of post RT physical monitoring. Method A scrutiny of evidence provided by English NHS mental health trusts to illustrate auditing of adult RT documents. Results Fifty-eight mental health trusts in England were contacted. Less than one-third could provide evidence of an audit of post RT physical health monitoring. These audits were variable with respect to what aspect of physical health monitoring they focused on. When results of all audits were combined, it revealed a concerning finding that basic physical observations and investigations were not performed consistently following RT. Conclusions and Implications for Clinical Practice The current paucity of trust audits of post RT physical monitoring and the poor practice observed in those audits could reflect a lack of clarity in both trust and national guidelines, as well as poor clinical practice. Given the risks to a patient's physical health associated with RT it is essential to ensure high quality care in this area.


Sal Island (Cape Verde Archipelago) preserves a magmatic history ranging from ≈ 25.6 Ma to ≈ 0.6 Ma. The chemistry of magma- tism varies from Hy-normative (Serra Negra basalts: ≈ 5 Ma) to highly SiO2-undersaturated (nephelinites and melilitites). The calculated tempera- tures of magmatic segregation are higher than those usually considered for the asthenosphere, thus endorsing the role of a mantle plume to the origin of Cape Verde magmatism. Nephelinites and melilitites are characterized by pronounced K negative anomalies which are interpreted as reflecting the interaction of plume magmas with the lithosphere. Some of the Sal lavas are characterized by low 143Nd/144Nd (down to 0.512577) - when compared with the HIMU component. These values are similar to those usually reported for the Southern Cape Verde Islands. This suggest the role of a EM1-type end-member to the magma sources of the Sal, which is for the first time evidenced from the whole rock composition of one of the Northern Cape Verde Islands.


Five palynological assemblages have been recognized in the Kamthi Formation of Godavari Graben. The assemblages are characterized by overall abundance of striate disaccate pollen. The associated palynofossils, however, distinguish the palynoassemblages at various levels of the formation. The Lower Member containing coal seams shows unequivocal resemblance with the Raniganj palynoflora of Damodar Valley and Son Mahanadi coalfields District change in lithology at the beginning of the Middle member is marked by the appearance of Parasaccites rich assemblage simulating a cooling phase akin to that observed during the Talchir period. The younger sediments of the Middle Member contain Corisaccites Guttulapollenites Assemblage and Densipollenites Assemblage in order of succession representing the uppermost Permian palynoflora in Godavari Graben. The youngest assemblage also indicates close proximity to the Permian Triassic, thus making the Kamthi Formation a time transgressive unit.


A review of the taxonomic status of the Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Taylor, 1962 based on a molecularphylogeny, scalation, and color pattern analyses indicate that it is composed of a single, recently expanding, widespreadpopulation with weakly supported phylogeographic substructuring with no discrete morphological differentiation betweenpopulations. However, based on sampling, significant mean differences in selected scale counts occur between some pop-ulations. The molecular phylogeny and morphological analysis strongly indicate lineage independence between a subsetof individuals from the Bukit Panchor, Penang population and their closest relative C. pantiensis Grismer, Chan, Grismer,Wood & Belabut, 2008 from southern Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, the analyses indicate that the individuals of thissubset are conspecific and not part of C. quadrivirgatus as previously suggested. Additionally, this subset is morphologi-cally distinct from all other Sundaland species of Cyrtodactylus, and as such is described herein as Cyrtodactylus payacola sp. nov.


The process ofmathematics learninginclassVIIIMTsNThawalibPariamaninclinedin one directionfrom the teachertothe student.The teacherexplainsthe subject matter, givesomeexample problemsandprovidetraining. Student do the exercises individually. In addition,atthe time of doingthe exercisesonlypartiallyserious studentsworking onthe exercise, some arebusywiththeir ownactivities. Teachers alsogive to studentsthe opportunityto askaboutthe material thathas not beenunderstoodyetonlyoneortwo people areasked, in classdiscussionswere rarely donebythe teacher. Thisresultstudent learning activities are lessbecause ofthe lack ofdiscussionin the classroomso that thestudents' mathematics learningis low. Toovercomethisproblem, oneatemptsto doisto apply the methodBuzzGroup. From theresearch datathat has beenanalyzed, showed thatan increase inthe activity ofeachmeeting, andlearningoutcome datawereanalyzedby t-test, the datashowed thatstudents' mathematics learningoutcomeswhichapplybuzzgroupmethodis betterthanthe dataof student learning outcomeswhichapplyconventional learninginclassVIIIMTsNThawalibPariaman. KeyWords : methodsbuzzgroups, activities, learning outcomes.


We present an experimental proposal to tune the effective lattice structure in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterobilayers with time-periodic Floquet drive. We show that elliptically polarized light with sub-terahertz frequencies $\hbar\omega\sim 1$ meV and moderate electric fields $E\sim0.2$~MV/cm allows tuning between the native triangular lattice and a square lattice, while linearly polarized light enables dimensional reduction to a quasi-one-dimensional geometry. Without drive, these twisted TMDs simulate the single band Fermi-Hubbard model; we show that this approximation still holds in the presence of drive. This control opens the door to explore a rich variety of correlated phases of matter, such as spin liquids and d-wave superconductivity.


The Multivalent Browser is built on a architecture that separates functionality from concrete document format. Almost all functionality is made available via relatively small modules of code called behaviors that programmers can write to extend the core system. Behaviors can be as significant and powerful as parser-renderers for scanned paper, HTML, or TeX DVI; as fine-grained as hyperlinks, cookies, and the disabling of menu items; and as innovative or uncommon as in situ annotatins, "lenses", collapsible outline displays, new GUI widgets, and Robust Hyperlink support. Behaviors can be combined in arbitrary groups for each individual document, in effect spontaneously creating a custom browser for every one. Common aspects of document functionality can be shared, so that, for example, the same behavior that handles multipage support for scanned paper documents also provides such support for DVI and PDF; similarly, the behaviors that support fine-grain annotation of HTML also support identical annotation on scanned paper, UNIX manual pages, DVI, and PDF.We have designed and implemented this architecture, and implemented behaviors that support all of the above functionality and more. Here we describe the architecture that allows such power and fine-grained access, yet composes disparate behaviors and resolves their mutual conflicts.


Overview The National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) was the first of a new class of stellarators known as "compact stellarators." The differentiating feature of a compact stellarator as compared to the traditional stellarator is the use of a "quasi-axisymmetric" magnetic fields to accomplish shaping and confinement. This property permits a more compact device with performance characteristics similar to the well-developed tokamak concept. The advantage of a stellarator is this it is not as prone to disruptions and can be steady state in operation. Currently, there are 13 operating stellarators in the world, ranging from university scale devices to LHD, the world's largest operating fusion experiment One additional stellarator, Wendelstein 7-X, in Germany is under construction. The NCSX Project was managed by PPPL in partnership with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The NCSX was a highly developmental project, which distinguished itself from most other DOE construction projects. Unfortunately, primarily due to budget constraints, this project was terminated in May 2008.


THE INFLAMMATORY dermatoses that occur during pregnancy have been reported under a variety of confusing terms, such as erythema multiforme of pregnancy,1 prurigo annularis,2 toxaemic rash of pregnancy,3 prurigo gestationis of Besnier,4 late-onset prurigo of pregnancy (PP),5 pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy,6 and papular dermatitis of pregnancy.7 Only dermatologists could have so many denominations for clinical situations whose exact pathogenesis and cause are not known and that may in fact belong to the same disease entity! With the exception of pemphigoid (herpes) gestationis (PG), we know of no criteria that can be used to differentiate these conditions. 8 Holmes and Black 9,10 came to a similar conclusion and, in an attempt to rationalize the obsolete nomenclature, proposed a classification that included four entities: PG, polymorphic eruption of pregnancy (PEP), PP, and pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy (PFP). 10 The hope that this


The conformationally constrained f‐L‐Met‐Acnc‐L‐Phe‐OMe (n = 4,9–12) tripeptides, analogues of the chemoattractant f‐L‐Met‐L‐Leu‐L‐Phe‐OH, were synthesized in solution by classical methods and fully characterized. These compounds and the published f‐L‐Met‐Xxx‐L‐Phe‐OMe (Xxx = Aib and Acnc where n = 3, 5–8) analogues were compared to determine the combined effect of backbone preferred conformation and side‐chain bulkiness at position 2 on the relation of 3D‐structure to biological activity. A conformational study of all the analogues was performed in solution by FT‐IR absorption and 1H‐NMR techniques. In parallel, each peptide was tested for its ability to induce chemotaxis, superoxide anion production and lysozyme secretion from human neutrophils. The biological and conformational data are discussed in relation to the proposed model of the chemotactic receptor on neutrophils, in particular of the hydrophobic pocket accommodating residue 2 of the tripeptide. Copyright © 2002 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Two new diarylheptanoids, 1-(3′,5′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-3-heptanone (1) and 1-(2′,4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4″-methoxyphenyl)-3-heptanone (2), along with known diarylheptanoid yakuchinone A (3), and five flavanoids, tectochrysin (4), chrysin (5), izalpinin (6), kaempferol 7, 4′-dimethyl ether (7), and kaempferide (8) were isolated from the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. Their structures were determined by means of spectroscopic methods. Antioxidant activities of all the isolated compounds were evaluated using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Compounds 1–3 and 6–8 exhibited potent antioxidant activities in the DPPH assay.


Preface and Acknowledgements Maps Revolution and Restoration, 1658-65 Court and Kingdoms, 1665-72 Church and Country, 1672-78 The Restoration Crisis, 1678-83 Resettlement and Unsettlement, 1683-88 The Glorious Revolution and its Aftermath Abbreviations Endnotes Select Bibliography Index


The competitive demand for increased production rates and tighter quality control in manufacturing integrated circuits requires inspection at higher speeds, finer resolution and at various stages during fabrication, all at an affordable cost. Manual inspection is tedious and entails a degree of concentration that is difficult to maintain over long periods of time. This paper presents a simple, low cost photo mask inspection system based on an IBM compatible PC. Both the reference comparison as well as feature extraction approaches have been implemented for guaranteed defect detection. The defects are further analyzed to obtain details regarding the location, dimension, and type of defect. The system also generates a diagnostic report providing detailed information regarding each defect, that has been detected, for use in on line mask repair. The paper describes configuration of the system along with the image processing algorithms used. The paper also discusses the results obtained, the specifications and over all performance of the system.


Within the trial was studied the behavior of 3 tomato landraces - SJ 370, SJ 373, AB 343 and a modern cultivar - Saint Pierre to the additional fertilization with two organic fertilizers - Vinasse and OPF. The highest early yields were found with AB 343 (6.57 kg/m2 ) and SJ 370 (6.53 kg/m2 ). The values registered by the variants fertilized with OPF were with 34% and 33% higher than those obtained by the standard. SJ 370 registered the highest total yield with a very significant difference compared with the standard. From organoleptic point of view, the most appreciated landrace was SJ 370.


Standard RGB-D trackers treat the target as a 2D structure, which makes modelling appearance changes related even to out-of-plane rotation challenging. This limitation is addressed by the proposed long-term RGB-D tracker called OTR – Object Tracking by Reconstruction. OTR performs online 3D target reconstruction to facilitate robust learning of a set of view-specific discriminative correlation filters (DCFs). The 3D reconstruction supports two performance- enhancing features: (i) generation of an accurate spatial support for constrained DCF learning from its 2D projection and (ii) point-cloud based estimation of 3D pose change for selection and storage of view-specific DCFs which robustly localize the target after out-of-view rotation or heavy occlusion. Extensive evaluation on the Princeton RGB-D tracking and STC Benchmarks shows OTR outperforms the state-of-the-art by a large margin.


This paper presents the ArabicProcessors team's system designed for sarcasm (subtask 1) and sentiment (subtask 2) detection shared task. We created a hybrid system by combining rule-based features and both static and dynamic embeddings using transformers and deep learning. The system's architecture is an ensemble of Naive bayes, MarBERT and Mazajak embedding. This process scored an F1-score of 51% on sarcasm and 71% for sentiment detection.


Metadata provides more detail about data, but is not actually information. To be useful, it needs managing and structuring. The planning and management of any project needs information about the project work packages. Information is derived from structured data. Systems must enable good quality research, exploit all relevant databases, and access all project related data. In addition, systems must actively anticipate what information is going to be required at each point in the workflow. (14 pages)


Propagation of an electromagnetic excitation in a Si/liquid crystal composite ma- terials | nonideal 1D photonic crystal that constitutes a topologically ordered set of layers with a random number of admixture plasma layers is numerically simulated within the virtual crystal approximation. Peculiarities of the dependence of photonic band gap width on admixture plasma layers concentration have been studied. The results are the evidence of substantial photon mode spectrum reconstruction caused by presence of defect layers which difier from the basic ones in both the composition and thickness. 1. INTRODUCTION Propagation of electromagnetic waves in layered crystalline ambiences is currently drawing a close attention. Ref. (1) gives the account of the related research carried out for photonic crystals based on silicon and liquid crystal (LC), Ref. (2) | for composite materials containing the plasma layers. The interest towards these objects is on one hand due to their signiflcance for electronics, and on the other hand due to the advance of technology allowing growth of ultrathin fllms and periodic structures with controlled characteristics. There are numerous theoretical and experimental studies exciton-like excitations in ideal dielec- tric superlattices. A general theory of optical waves in anisotropic crystals, including those, formed of macroscopic layers, is discussed in Ref. (3). The further development of the theory of layered structures requires considering more complex models like superlattices with randomly included ad- mixture layers. A better understanding of how the optical properties of such systems depend on concentration of admixture layers gives basis for modeling and constructing the layered materials with prescribed characteristics. The method applied for calculating polariton excitation spectra is rather similar to the ones, used in cases of other quasiparticle excitations, like electronic, phononic etc. In the present work we employ the virtual crystal approximation (VCA) (4), based on conflgurational averaging, for description of polariton excitations in a macroscopically inhomogeneous medium. It is a well-known method; however its use up to now (5) has been limited to microscopic calculating the quasiparticles excitations spectra in disordered systems. Mathematical posing of the problem is similar in these two cases. Within VCA the conflgurationally dependent parameters of the Hamiltonian are replaced with their conflgurationally averaged values. Description of transformation of a polariton spectrum in a su-ciently simple superlattice, using this approximation, is the flrst step towards the study of imperfect systems. However investigation of properties of polariton spectra and the related physical quantities (density of elementary excitation states, characteristics of the normal electromagnetic waves etc.) in less simple systems requires application of more complex method (such are the method of the coherent potential or the averaged T-matrix method). In the paper a superlattice is modeled as a set of macroscopically homogeneous layers with randomly included extrinsic (with respect to the ideal superlattice) layers of variable composition and thickness. Corresponding conflguration-dependent material tensors in our model of an imper- fect superlattice are represented in terms of random quantities. After conflguration-averaging the translational symmetry of a considered system is \restored" that allows us obtain the system of equations which deflne normal modes of electromagnetic waves, propagating in one-dimensional \periodic" medium. Investigation of disorder efiects in an imperfect superlattice allowing modeling the properties of photonic crystal containing the plasma layers is still of a great interest (2). Development of the theory of photonic structures requires consideration of model systems such as photonic superlattice with plasma layers. Within the VCA we study a model of 1D-superlattice as a macroscopically homogeneous layered system, which is a topologically ordered ensemble of Si (layers of variable thickness) and LC sublattice with randomly included admixture plasma layers.


Random utility models often involve terms which represent alternative-specific errors, and the main attractive feature of the multinomial probit (MNP) model is that it allows a rather general covariance structure for these errors. However, since observed choices only reveal information regarding utility differences, and since scale cannot be determined, not all parameters in an arbitr~iry MNP specification may be identified. This paper examines identification restrictions that arise in the linear-in-parameters multinomial probit framework, and provides discussion and recommendations for estimation and analysis of probit normalizations.


ABSTRACT Populist parties are on the rise. But what happens when they are in government? In order to grasp the effect of populist parties in government systematically, the paper includes all 28 EU member states in an analysis which estimates the effect of populist parties in power on the increase of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The results show that depending on their ideological orientation populist government participation is clearly associated with increasing GHG emissions. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the effect is quick. This is above all true for right-wing populist parties in government. Furthermore, the analysis shows that populist parties have different impacts in various regions of the EU. While right-wing populist governments are associated with an increase of GHG emissions in North Western and Eastern Europe, left-wing populist governments in Southern Europe have the opposite effect.


E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com Purpose: To compare morphometric changes in the chorioretinal complex after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment in patients with pathologic myopia (PM)-related choroidal neovascularization (CNV) versus those with age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-related CNV. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective comparative uncontrolled cohort study involving 156 patients (169 eyes) with subfoveal CNV. Of these, 82 (85 eyes) had pathologic PM-related CNV, and 74 (85 eyes) had AMD-related CNV. Patients with AMD underwent a treatment regimen of three mandatory monthly 0.5-mg (0.05-mL) intravitreal ranibizumab injections followed by pro re nata (PRN) dosing according to re-treatment criteria. Patients with PM underwent a treatment regimen of two mandatory monthly 0.5-mg (0.05-mL) intravitreal ranibizumab injections or 2-mg (0.05-mL) intravitreal aflibercept injections followed by PRN dosing according to re-treatment criteria. Primary outcomes were central retinal thickness (CRT) and CNV thickness at month 12. Secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and number of injections at month 12. Results: At month 12, (1) mean OCT-based CRT in AMD and PM groups decreased from 349 μm to 258 μm (P = 0.00), and from 306 μm to 228 μm (P = 0.00), respectively, and (2) mean CNV thickness in AMD and PM groups decreased from 183 μm to 108 μm (P = 0.00), and from 229 μm to 173 μm (P = 0.00), respectively. In addition, mean (SD) BCVA in the AMD group improved from 0.25 (0.23) at baseline to 0.33 (0.29), whereas that in the PM group improved from 0.17 (0.11) to 0.35 (0.19). The mean number of anti-VEGF injections was 5.4 (2.1) and 2.2 (0.6) for the AMD and PM groups, respectively, with the betweengroup difference being statistically significant (P = 0.00). Conclusions: Decrease in central retinal thickness and improvements in visual acuity after anti-VEGF treatment for AMD-related subfoveal CNV were similar to those after anti-VEGF treatment for PM-related subfoveal CNV. At month 12, percent decreases in CNV thickness compared to baseline were 26% and 41% for anti-VEGF treated patients with AMD-related and PM-related subfoveal CNV, respectively. Patients with AMD-related CNV required, on average, 3 more antiVEGF injections than those with PM-related CNV.


A topology of the main circuit for the harmonic compensator with a resonant AC link soft-switching is analyzed.Using positive ramp sawtooth wave and under the topology,the on-off operation of the all switches can be centralized at the reset timing of the sawtooth wave,which is convenient for the realization of soft-switching.Here we perform the simulation about the main circuit system.The results confirm that the soft-switching operation of all switches can be realized by the proposed method.


The category of the sacred in particular and the role of transcultural concept-formation in general have undergone an obvious crisis. For the most part, "the sacred," if not an empty label, has been linked with theologism, and transcultural concepts have been condemned for their general non-comparability and colonialist intent. The author approaches the matter of transcultural templates through an analysis of certain concepts of sacrality. With some exceptions, the discourse of sacrality has indeed been dominated by a single model, where "the sacred" became a reified noun—a substantive term for a supernatural reality, a label for the transcendent, or even an epithet for divinity, mystery, the wholly other. As such, the expression has functioned to bestow a sense of unity to the diversity of cultures, link that unity with a transcendent reality, and offer a simple way of making sense of otherwise foreign beliefs and practices by giving them a familiar, generic referent.


Geography has ancient historical origins that trace to Greece, Rome, North Africa, and Southwest Asia? Martin (2005).The growth of geographical thought in fifteenth and sixteenth century Europe, which built on those traditions, was deeply intertwined with the colonial project. Three key Enlightenment figures-Immanuel Kant, Alexander von Humboldt, and Carl Ritterdeveloped geography as a science of space, which proved crucial to its inclusion as a discipline in modem universities, including those in the United State (Hartshorne,1959).Despite this relatively parallel growth in student interest, geography and law came to occupy very different places in the U.S. academy over the first half of the twentieth century. In addition to belonging in both of the increasingly balkanized social and natural sciences, geography made intellectual choices that marginalized it. At the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century, many leading U.S. geographers had embraced environmental determinism, which argues that the physical environment controls socio-cultural development (Semple,1911). As environmental determinism came under attack in the 1920s and 1930s, the discipline turned to regional and morphological approaches, which became devalued in broader mid-century U.S. academic discourse. This trend continued for twenty more years, even as the beginnings of a postmodern turn emerged in the U.S. academy Murphy (2006). Neil Smith notes that geography was endangered at Harvard, for example, because of the "lack of clear intellectual terrain and set of goals" and "the alleged low calibre of geographical scholarship "by Smith (1987). Abstract: Geography simply is a science by virtue of the fact that it is a truth-seeking discipline whose raw materials consist of empirical observations seeking to make law-like statements. A law should be unrestricted in its application over space and time. It is thus a "universal statement" of unrestricted range. This suggests at least one important criterion for distinguishing a law. A key concept in this respect is that laws must be proven through objective procedures and not accepted simply because they seem plausible. A valid law must predict certain patterns in the world, so that having developed an idea about those patterns; the researcher must formulate them into a testable hypothesis "a proposition whose truth or falsity is capable of being asserted". Four types of laws which have relevance for human geographer: Cross-sectional laws; Equilibrium laws; Dynamic laws and Statistical laws. Positivist-led geography has wider application of laws for successful and fruitful analysis of geographical phenomena together with spatial patterns. There are two alternative routes to explanation, or which are followed in establishing a scientific law "induction" and "deduction". Tobler"s First Law (TFL) was a product of the quantitative revolution of the 1960s, and efforts to turn geography into a nomothetic science stated that "everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things". Spatial analysis, and indeed life itself, would be impossible. Less well known is his (Tobler) second law, which complements the first: "The phenomenon external to an area of interest affects what goes on inside". Others scholars have offered up their versions of this law examples include: "Ecology" "Cognitive geography" "Political behaviour" and "Financial". The primary task of scientific method is to explain empirical phenomena, now encapsulated in geographic law and illuminated by advanced in geomatic science. TFL forms the conceptual foundation for the entire field of geostatistics and its cousins in other disciplines.


This paper presents a new method of partial discharge data analysis for the investigation of space charge and degradation phenomena in high voltage insulation systems. The basic principles of the pulse-sequence-analysis are illustrated and the characteristic differences with regard to standard procedures that have been established during the past few years are outlined. A description is given of an electronic partial discharge acquisition system, which is designed on a plug-in interface board for a standard personal computer to perform long term measurements of all the discharge parameters required for the succeeding PSA. Electrical treeing in polyethylene is used to demonstrate the usefulness of the PSA method. It is shown that information on space charge phenomena and the development of the local degradation can be obtained by considering correlations between consecutive discharge pulses.<<ETX>>


Considering the actual panorama of a multi-level governance on EU, the macro-regional strategies - specifying the EU strategy for Danube region (EUSDR) fosters coordination across three dimensions: sector policies; different levels of governance from EU to regional or local, and across administrative boundaries. This chapter analyzes and assesses the ability, challenges, and obstacles of Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) strategies, projects, and programs to improve integration and cohesion peripheral territories as is the case of the border region of Romania – Serbia, enabling articulating border areas and creating synergies among them. In this regard, it will be considered the latest findings on new insights towards spatial integration in border and transnational contexts. The chapter presents some hypothesis for a good-planned, long-term sustainability for this territory and lesson learned regarding the coordination and management of policies in the EU's system of multi-level governance that could have a wider application and scope.


Objective To investigate the effect of laser recanalisation in the stenosis or obstruction of lacrimal passage.Methods Laser lacrimal passage recanalisation was done by YY-P 25 Laser made in Wuhan.The follow up time was 6 months and the results were analysed.Results 186 cases(198eyes)received treatment and 158 cases (168 eyes)of them were cured(84.95%).Conclusion In laser lacrimal passage recanalisation,this type of laser has the advantage of easy operation,safe and good results.


Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments measure the response of the hydrogen nuclei after perturbed by an external magnetic field. This response consists in the relaxation of the total hydrogen magnetization, which is related with the exponential decay occurring in each pore size. Usually, the Laplace Inverse Transform is used to transform this time decay to a T2 distribution, which represents how is the relaxation inside the pore space and is commonly used in the oil and gas industry to get important petrophysical rock properties, such as total and effective porosity, fluid distribution and rock permeability. The estimation of these rock properties is independent of lithology.
 The mentioned relaxation of the magnetization occurs for three different mechanisms: interaction of the hydrogen nucleus with the pore surface, interaction between the hydrogen nucleus between them and diffusion in a magnetic field gradient. The biggest contribution to the relaxation in porous media is due to interaction with the pore surface. For this reason, the T2 distribution can be related with the pore size distribution inside the rock.
 This paper presents the results of calculating the pore size distribution from NMR data obtained through Logging While Drilling (LWD) and wireline technologies. It is shown the complete workflow, including the saturation calculation used to extract the hydrocarbon and/or filtrate signals from the T2 distribution. A comparison between both results is performed, showing similarities and differences of both procedures.


Whether the presence of trade unionism in the U.S. economy exacerbates or mitigates the extent of labor market discrimination against black workers depends on the size of union/nonunion wage differentials for black and white workers as well as the extent to which black and white workers are unionized. This paper contains an analysis of the likely determinants of a union's policy regarding race and estimates of the effect of the presence of unionism on the average wage of black workers relative to the average wage of white workers under various types of union organizational structure. The results imply that in 1967 the ratio of black to white male wages might have been 4 percent higher in the industrial union sector and 5 percent lower in the craft union sector than they would have been in the absence of all unionism.


Due to the limited and varying availability of cheap infrastructure and resources, cloud network systems and applications are tested in simulation and emulation environments prior to physical deployments, at different stages of development. Configuration management tools manage deployments and migrations across different cloud platforms, mitigating tedious system administration efforts. However, currently a cloud networking simulation cannot be migrated as an emulation, or vice versa, without rewriting and manually re-deploying the simulated application. This paper presents SENDIM (Sendim is a northeastern Portuguese town close to the Spanish border, where the rare Mirandese language is spoken), a Simulation, Emulation, aNd Deployment Integration Middleware for cloud networks. As an orchestration platform for incrementally building Software-Defined Cloud Networks (SDCN), SENDIM manages the development and deployment of algorithms and architectures the entire length from visualization, simulation, emulation, to physical deployments. Hence, SENDIM optimizes the evaluation of cloud networks.


This paper aims to study in a conceptual frame called «liquid culture» two discursive strategies that I have labelled as «integration» and «resistance to assimilation» in which are involved hypercodified messages. Both strategies act in a very different way but they have in common the relationship with remediation and some other process that show the metamorphosis of a literary text. In this case the poem by Kipling titled «If» is studied as a part of TV advertisement and as textual part of a picturebook by Mauro Evangelista tittle Lettera a un figlio. Final conclusions invite to rethink the nature of literary text and the canals of «cultural» circulation in the context of mass culture and new media.


An apparatus of cleansing a pipe is provided to improve the cleansing efficiency by scrapping an inner wall of the pipe in two directions using a cleaning ball pushed by a high water pressure. An apparatus of cleansing a pipe(10) comprises a pump(130) and a cleaning ball(140) inserted into the pipe. The apparatus of cleaning the pipe includes a converter of converting a direction of discharging water. The convert includes an intake pipe(241) communicating with the pump, a first pipe, a second pipe, a discharging pipe(242), a first bypass, a second bypass, a first cap disposed at a front end of the first pipe and a second cap disposed at a front end of the second pipe. The first pipe has a first end communicating with the intake pipe and a second end communicating with a first end of the pipe through a first connection pipe(221). The second pipe has a first end communicating with a second end of the pipe through a second connection pipe(222). The discharging pipe communicates with a second end of the second pipe. The first bypass has a first end communicating with the front end of the first pipe and a second end communicating with a rear end of the second pipe. The second bypass has a first end communicating with the front end of the second pipe and a second end communicating with a rear end of the first pipe.


This article introduces an innovative method of training in writing skills in content areas for college students. The method involves the use of a peer-review panel to encourage students to write in-class essays in academic and professional formats. The basic features are: Students take the instructor's perspective; they internalize class performance standards; and thus, they voluntarily incorporate those standards in their attitudes toward instruction as well as in their learning behaviors.


The present invention belongs to the field of optical functional materials, and particularly relates to a near-infrared-aza -BODIPY dyes and preparation method and application. As shown in the general formula of formula I. The present invention provides a novel near-infrared-aza -BODIPY dyes which have absorption over 730nm, 740nm fluorescence emission over; good light stability of the dye, the fluorescence quantum yield of 0.28.


o do the work of financial aid to poor students in independent college well,we should establish multi financial aid system,foster the concept of financial aid with development,give full play to the educational function of helping the learner,respect their psychological features,attach importance to the inner communication and win over our country's support and help in policy.


Late Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian intra-salt Ara reservoirs of the South Oman Salt Basin represents a unique self-charging petroleum play with respect to hydrocarbon and overpressure generation and dissipation. Reservoir bodies (termed 'stringers') are isolated in salt and frequently contain low-permeable dolomites that are characterized by high initial production rates because of hard overpressures. A database of more than 30 wells has been utilized to understand the distribution and generation of overpressures in intra-salt reservoirs that can be separated by up to 350 m of salt. A temporal relationship of increasingly overpressured reservoirs within stratigraphically younger units is observed, and two distinctly independent trends emerge from the Oman dataset; one hydrostatic to slightly above hydrostatic and one overpressured from 17 to 22 kPa m )1 , almost at lithostatic pressures. Structural, petrophysical and seismic data analysis suggests that overpressure generation is driven by fast burial of the stringers in salt, with a significant contribution by thermal fluid effects and kerogen conversion. Structural and geometric information indicates that present-day hydrostatic stringers have been overpressured in their earlier geologic evolution. Evidence for these initial overpressures in currently hydrostatic reservoirs is provided by hydrocarbonveined cores from halite overlying the reservoirs. A proposed pressure deflation mechanism can be related to the complex interplay of salt tectonics and fast deposition of early Cambrian to Ordovician age clastics.


Less than six months ago, 25 colleagues gathered for a celebration. We were recruited for the Innovators in Teaching and Learning cadre, lured by the dangle of a wireless laptop and the desire to become edge users of technology. Today we again celebrate the modest, but steady diffusion that our team members have made. We've come to think with you about the strengths of our cross-disciplinary team, the formation of a community of learners, and the application of our new skills in our teaching.


Based on the Aspen-plus soft,SOFC stack model is established.The SOFC hybrid power system without CO2 capture is designed.Then,the zero CO2 emission SOFC hybrid power system is proposed.The performances of these two systems are compared and analyzed.With the mode of pure oxygen combustion,the outlet gas of zero CO2 emission SOFC hybrid power system is composed of only CO2 and steam,so it is easy to get CO2 with higher concentration by means of condensation.Compared with the conventional power system with CO2 capture,the energy consumption of CO2 capture in the new system decreases a lot.This paper also analyzes the effects of the main parameters on the performance of the hybrid power system.Above research achievements will provide the useful guide for further study on zero CO2 emission SOFC hybrid power system.


SUMMARY

The question how currency devaluation would affect the net terms of trade has been debated for many years, chiefly because one wanted to know what this change in the terms of trade would do to real national income, and also how this income change in turn would alter the trade balance. Yet, changes in the net terms of trade can have determinate effects on real income only if the productivity of resources is unchanged, and devaluation usually affects productivity through the resource reallocation which it induces; indeed, where there is no such reallocation the net terms cannot be affected by devaluation. Hence, even if the net terms should be adversely affected by devaluation, this may be associated with an improved use of resources which raises productivity enough to cause real national income to be increased rather than reduced. A deterioration of the net terms of trade may sometimes be a pre-condition for an increase in real national income as well as for an improvement in the balance of trade. The presumption is strong that the devaluation of an overvalued currency will lead to a more efficient allocation of resources. The contention that a deterioration of the net terms of trade will normally cause a reduction of the real national income and a worsening of the balance of trade by equal amounts must surely be rejected.

The conceptual identity between real output and real income cannot be maintained when the terms of trade change. Clear analysis of the problems under discussion requires distinctions between "real output", "real intake", and "real income". If the idea of a "change in the real balance of trade" is to make sense, it must relate to the difference between changes in real domestic output and real domestic intake. The socalled "primary burden" of devaluation may be interpreted as the fall in real intake when real output and terms of trade are unchanged; if there is any "secondary burden", it need not be another reduction in real intake, but rather a reduction in real income. Since real output and real income may move simultaneously in different directions, it becomes necessary to ask on which of them the spending propensities—investment, consumption, imports, hoarding—are based. Depending on the incidence of changes in "income", it will sometimes be real output, sometimes real income that will determine expenditures. Yet in most algebraic models there is just a simple Y for both.


A method for structuring a surface layer of an object, characterized in that secreting biocomponents are attached adherent to the surface of the object in a nutrient medium or an osmotic protective medium excretion products and that the nutrient medium or the osmotic protective medium with the biocomponents contained therein after discharging the elimination product of the object surface are removed.


A project of Quality of Life at Work (QLW) is evaluated by the relation between the Yoga practice and the way in which ten employees from a public University notice the QLW and how they deal with stress. This project was divided into strategies of Confrontation and Avoidance. Litterature indicates that Yoga benefits the psychosomatic functioning and emotional control. Under the quantitative outline, there is a hypothesis that the Yoga practicioner would tend to show an increase in strategies of confronting the stress and a decrease in avoidance. Method: quali-quantitative, with a baseline and repeated measures. Instruments: Questionnaire about QLW, and Inventory of Coping answers at work, utilized Bol. Acad. Paulista de Psicologia, Sao Paulo, Brasil V. 78, no 01/10, p. 199-218 1 Profa. Dra. do Departamento de Psicologia da Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos e do Programa de Pos-graduacao em Engenharia de Producao da EESC USP. Contato: Al. Das Crisandalias, 616, ap. 32 – Sao Carlos – SP – Brasil – 135566-570. E-mail: email@example.com Agradecimentos aos Bolsistas de extensao (Proex-UFSCar): Jeferson Tadeu Nunes, Sonia Pinheiro, Estela Carneseca e Malubia Ferreira. 2 Cientista Social, Instrutor de Yoga e Mestrando (Bolsa FAPESP) no Programa de Posgraduacao em Engenharia de Producao da EESC – USP, sob orientacao da Profa. Associada Doris Lieth Nunes Pecanha. Contato: Rua Conde do Pinhal, 3.246 – V. Faria – Sao Carlos – SP – Brasil – CEP 13569-030. Tel.: (16) 9783-9388. E-mail: email@example.com 200 at the beginning and at the end of the project. Press conference. Qualitative results: when finalizing the practice, there was an increase of the experiences of pleasure, and a minimization of the experiences of anguish, expressing an improvement in QLW; quantitative results: there was an increase of the Confrontation strategies, especially in the subcategory of Positive Revaluation; and a decrease in the search for external Orientation. In the Avoidance strategies, the Resigned acceptance was the most sensitive to the intervention, being less utilized at the end of the practice. Conclusion: in general, the participants stopped avoiding problematic situations, and started to face them positively. The Positive Revaluation, associated to a lesser search for external orientation, corroborates the expected autonomy decurring from the practice of Yoga. The decrease in the Resigned Acceptance suggests an active attitude that, in general, characterizes a Yoga practicioner. Results, although limited to the small group, confirm the mentioned hypothesis, encouraging the use and research of Yoga as a QLW tool.


An electrodynamic balance has been constructed in which the perturbative forces from applied magnetic fields are used to probe the superconducting properties of single levitated charged grains of high Tc superconductors with diameters ≲10 μm. The low‐temperature magnetization of selected Ba2YCu3O7 grains has been observed to exhibit a flux exclusion near 80% of the theoretical maximum. Hysteresis, flux creep, and the lower critical field are identified.


The Maudsley Hospital study of therapy in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, George Szmukler family therapy of early-onset, short-history anorexia nervosa, Christopher Dare outpatient family therapy for bulimia nervosa, Jack S. Brandes impasses in the family treatment of bulimia, Laura Giat Roberto family treatment in the day hospital, D. Blake Woodside and Lorie Shekter-Wolfson integrating individual and family therapy in an inpatient eating disorder unit, Lorie Shekter-Wolfson and Sidney Kennedy mutual support groups for families in management of eating disorders, Donna MacAulay.


Literary works are the creative and imaginative writing. It is made as the communication and the reflection of life. There are some of literary works, such as poetry, drama, short story and novel. The literary works can be understood by the theory to interprate the meaning; literaly or figuratively. This study is about the sociology of literature. The problem of this study is how the condition of woman in Indonesia, especially Jakarta which was as a prostitudes reflected in WS. Rendra's Bersatulah Pelacur-pelacur Kota Jakarta.  The object of this study is Bersatulah Pelacur-pelacur Kota Jakarta poem written by W.S. Rendra. It use Liberal Feminism perspective of Feminism Theory. The poem is the primary source of data and the secondary source of data is the other references or materials related with this research. This study is also belongs to qualitative research. The result of the study is to reveal the social conditions, society, and government of Indonesia which assumed that women was weak and contemptible by literary works. The outor wanted to tell how a prostitution which is basically forbidden to be legalized in Indonesia, even the government officials become the lovers of the world of prostitution.


One hundred and thirty Atlantic sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon terraenovae livers were collected from April 1999 to October 2001 from inshore waters of the Mississippi Sound to investigate seasonal and inter-annual variation in their energetic condition. A decline in the hepato-somatic index (I H ) was observed from 1999 to 2001. In addition, I H , liver specific energy content and total energy content were lowest during the summer and highest during the spring and autumn, while liver water content was highest during the summer and lowest during the spring and autumn.


In order to elucidate the magnetic nature of the lithium chromium dioxide ${\text{LiCrO}}_{2}$, in which the ${\text{Cr}}^{3+}$ ions form a two-dimensional triangular lattice in the ${\text{CrO}}_{2}$ plane, we have performed a positive muon-spin rotation and relaxation $({\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}\text{SR})$ experiment using a powder sample in the temperature range 1.7\char21{}155 K. Weak-transverse-field measurements indicated the existence of a bulk antiferromagnetic (AF) transition at ${T}_{N}=61.2\text{ }\text{K}$. Below ${T}_{N}$, zero-field (ZF) ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}\text{SR}$ measurements demonstrated the formation of static long-range order; the observed ZF spectrum was well reproduced by the AF spin structure proposed by neutron measurements. The $\text{ZF-}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}\text{SR}$ measurements also indicated that ${\text{LiCrO}}_{2}$ is a pure paramagnet for $T\ensuremath{\ge}62.5\text{ }\text{K}$, since its internal magnetic field $({H}_{\text{int}})$ can be explained by solely nuclear magnetic moments. This means that, contrary to previous suggestions by susceptibility and heat capacity measurements, no short-range order exists for $T\ensuremath{\ge}62.5\text{ }\text{K}$. However, $\text{ZF-}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}\text{SR}$ detected the change in ${H}_{\text{int}}$ from a low-$T$ static state to a high-$T$ dynamic state at 115 K, most likely connected to a change in the position/motion of the Li ions.


The accuracy of cast partial dentures was investigated by measuring various dimensions of the investment cast and the metal casting. While other investigators have been concerned with inlay casting and the changes in dimension of gypsum products and cast alloys, the influences upon the accuracy of large castings has not been well defined. Eighty investment models and castings made under different known conditions were measured, and the information was summarized by statistical techniques. On the basis of the data, two hypotheses were formed and tested. One change in technique was made to improve the accuracy, and hence fit, of the castings. The shape and design of the master model or die was associated more with measuring needs than with clinical verisimilitude. The report is divided into two parts-the investment cast and the casting process.


The invention provides a support method for surrounding rock stress second disturbance to a lower roadway in a process of forming adjacent dead zones. The support method comprises the following steps: grouting the roadway after the surrounding rock stress first disturbance; performing anchor bolt support after more than ten days; installing a plurality of rows of two anchor bolt sets with equal row distance and anchor bolt distance, wherein one anchor bolt in one anchor bolt set is arranged on the centre of a quadrangle surrounded by four anchor bolts of another anchor bolt set; axes of all anchor bolts are vertical to the tangential direction of the positions of the anchor bolts inside the roadway; performing a tensile test after maintenance; performing reinforcement mesh support after the second disturbance to the roadway, wherein the reinforcement mesh is clung to the surface of a grouting layer and is welded with the root parts of the anchor bolts; washing the working surface by high-pressure water; coating a dry mixed material to the surface of the roadway under the coaction of wind power and water power; watering to maintain the surface of the roadway for not less than ten days and nights, so as to complete the support of the lower roadway under the second disturbance condition. With the adoption of the support method, the roadway is prevented from severely deforming by the surrounding rock stress second disturbance in the forming process of adjacent dead zones, thereby the roadway is effectively strengthened.


Background Spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) are a group of auto-inflammatory diseases, with overlapping symptoms, that include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (Und SpA), enteropathic arthritis, and reactive arthritis (1). Objectives To characterize the disease in a large Colombian cohort with SpAs, assessing differences in its classification, clinical manifestations, laboratory results, radiographic changes, and treatment, according to the type of SpA. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 621 patients with SpAs, in whom sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics were analyzed based on the type of diagnosis. Statistical association was examined by means of Chi-square tests, Fisher9s exact test, Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression analyses. In all cases, a p value Results Out of the 621 patients included, AS was observed in 54,7%, PsA in 35,7%, and Und SpA in 9,5%. AS was positively associated to male gender (OR 2.05 95%IC 1.5–2.8), younger age at onset, axial involvement (OR 23.2 95%IC 15.2–35.5), uveitis (OR 3.8 95%IC 2.25–6.57), radiographic sacroilitis (OR 6.95 95%IC 3.02–16.02), and HLA-B27 positivity (OR 2.3 95%IC 1.5- 3.5). PsA was associated to female gender, older age at onset, arthritis, and peripheral involvement. According to the therapeutic approach, more use of conventional DMARD therapy was found in PsA and Und SpA, while more use of biology therapy in AS. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the larger existing cohort with SpAs in Colombia. Understanding the natural history of disease is important to do an early diagnosis and treatment that could prevent irreversible disability. References Ehrenfeld M. Spondyloarthropathies. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2012;26(1):135–45. Acknowledgements None. Disclosure of Interest None declared


The GIS Weasel is a product of the Modeling of Watershed Systems (MoWS) project (http://wwwbrr. cr.usgs.gov/projects/SW_MoWS/), a part of the USGS National Research Program. This project seeks better understanding of hydrologic processes, their spatial and temporal variability, and their interactions across scales. These goals are met through the development of more robust computational models, as well as parameter estimation techniques.


Exon 20 insertion mutations (Ex20ins) are the third most common type of EGFR oncogenic mutation in lung cancer patients. While several small molecules have been approved (mobocertinib) or are in clinical development (e.g. CLN-081, BDTX-189) none have demonstrated meaningful CNS activity and they can be associated with treatment-limiting adverse events, including wild-type (WT) EGFR-mediated toxicities. LNG-451 is a CNS-penetrant, wild-type EGFR-sparing, covalent inhibitor of EGFR Ex20ins. In cell viability assays dependent on five EGFR Ex20ins mutations, LNG-451 was a potent inhibitor (IC50 7 - 78 nM) including the three most prevalent insertions (V769_D770insASV IC50 = 78 nM, D770_N771insSVD IC50 = 53 nM, H773_V774insNPH IC50 = 75 nM). LNG-451 had low potency in WT EGFR dependent cell assays (WT EGFR Ba/F3 IC50=1,960 nM, cell panel IC50 = 1630 nM). LNG-451 was 21-fold selective for its least potent Ex20ins (V769_D770insASV) relative to WT EGFR. LNG-451 potently inhibited cells dependent on EGFR L861Q (IC50 = 6 nM), EGFR G719S (IC50 = 8 nM), and EGFR G719S/T263P (IC50 = 11 nM). LNG-451 is a highly selective kinase inhibitor (1 μM LNG-451, >90% inhibition for 7 of 409 WT kinases) with screening hits having a similarly positioned cysteine as EGFR. In a Ba/F3 cell-derived xenograft model harboring an EGFR V769_D770insASV exon 20 insertion mutation (EGFR V769_D770insASV CDX), 10 and 50 mg/kg LNG-451 QD PO dosing for 15 days was well-tolerated and resulted in tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 75.7% and 105.4%, respectively. LNG-451 was efficacious and well-tolerated in the EGFR Ex20ins HuPrime® LU0387 H773-V774insNPH patient-derived xenograft tumor model: 10 mg/kg LNG-451 QD, 67% TGI; 50 mg/kg LNG-451 QD, 91% tumor regression. LNG-451 was highly active in the intracranial PC9-luc xenograft mouse model. In a single dose PK/PD study using the EGFR V769_D770insASV CDX, similar LNG-451 concentrations were observed in tumor, large intestine, and skin tissues (e.g. 50 mg/kg LNG-451 3h post dose: tumor, 8387 ng/mL; large intestine tissue, 14483 ng/mL; skin, 4623 ng/mL). LNG-451 potently suppressed EGFR phosphorylation in tumor tissue (e.g. 99%, 3 h post 50 mg/kg dose) but had minimal-to modest suppression of phospho-EGFR in large intestine tissue (e.g. 4.2%, 3h post 50 mg/kg dose) and skin tissue (e.g 1.9%, 3h post 50 mg/kg dose). Taken together, LNG-451 is a wild-type EGFR-sparing, CNS-penetrant EGFR Ex20ins inhibitor that is expected to provide strong anti-tumor efficacy for patients with advanced/metastatic solid cancers harboring oncogenic EGFR exon 20 insertions with reduced WT EGFR-driven toxicities.
 Citation Format: Brion W. Murray, Anjali Pandey, Bruce Roth, Tracy Saxton, Daniel J. Estes, Himanshu Agrawal, Santosh Vishwakarma, Gurulingappa Hallur, Ishtiyaque Ahmad, Ravi Trivedi, Helen Jenkins, Paul G. Pearson. LNG-451 is a potent, CNS-penetrant, wild-type EGFR sparing inhibitor of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3332.


【During the reflow process in SMT, the molten solder has been observed to move upward and solidify along the gullwing lead, which is called the wicking phenomenon. In this paper, possible causes of the wicking are investigated, and its effects on the solder joint profile are quantitatively estimated by introducing the wicking constant. The free energy reduction by intermetallic formation between the copper and tin seems to be the major source of wicking action. The joint profiles of the gullwing lead are calculated using the previous finite element formulation incorporated with the wicking constant. The calculated results show reasonably good agreements with the experimental data when the wicking effects are considered.】


For three phase LCL-filtered gird converters, this paper designs a robust control strategy to reduce high frequency and subsynchronous or supersynchronous oscillations. Two components, namely the grid side inductor component and the LC filter component, constitute a three phase LCL-filtered grid converter. Model predictive control (MPC) with a disturbance observer is used to control the interconnection voltage of the LC filter. Proportional resonance (PR) control regulates the grid side current. It is possible to combine MPC with PR's advantages. The dynamic performance is enhanced by MPC's intrinsic ability to achieve active damping without extra control and reduce modulation latency. In addition to achieving zero steady state error, PR control greatly simplifies the control process when compared to the overall MPC of the entire grid converter. By analyzing the frequency response of the transfer function and output impedance, it is possible to determine that the proposed control has a sufficient phase margin and that, even when the system and control parameters change, the grid converters' output impedance is always resistive or inductive at the entire frequency, suppressing subsynchronous and high frequency oscillations. To further reduce the oscillations and harmonics, an improved MPC control framework and a feedback compensation mechanism are proposed. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed control in current tracking, harmonic suppression, and response to grid impedance variations are verified by comparative analysis of simulation results.


This paper outlines the chemical industry's policy with respect to responsible care as applied to the transport of dangerous goods by road. The responsible care initiative requires companies to demonstrate their commitment to improve all aspects of performance which relate to protection of health, safety and the environment. In the case of transport this requires ongoing, formal safety programmes which cover: (a) The responsibilities of the parties involved; (b) Risk reduction; (c) Selection and monitoring of contractors; (d) Specification of equipment; (e) Training of managers, supervisors and drivers; (f) Control of operations; (g) Auditing; (h) Incident reporting and investigation; and (i) Emergency response. The paper describes the way in which these management programmes operate in practice in the chemical industry, and is based largely on the content of the UK Chemical Industries Association Code. It highlights particularly the special problems of applying these procedures to inter-modal movements and gives a view on the way inter-modal practices need to develop in the future. It states briefly the results of recent governmental studies of dangerous goods distribution and relates these to the industry's current practices. For the covering abstract of this conference, see IRRD 859800.


Many higher education institutions have assumed the role of diffusing knowledge, values, attitudes and behaviours that favour sustainability. A key objective in such work is training university teachers to apply sustainability criteria to their respective disciplines. While university teachers' active participation is essential to achieving this goal, their ideas about and predispositions towards introducing sustainability into curricula are not always understood or appreciated. In this paper, we report on a questionnaire survey at the University of Valencia, Spain, on the current baseline situation for introducing sustainability across the university's curricula. We also report on a measure to periodically review the situation, including progress of and/or decline in introducing sustainability into diverse subject areas, focusing on a series of indicators grouped under the common name 'π Indicator'. Key findings from the survey include the widespread support for introducing sustainability across the university's curricula; however, as might be expected, significant differences occur in how questions are addressed by staff from various disciplines, including how they relate to departmental perceptions, interpretations and performance of sustainability‐related teaching.


The objectives of this study was to comparatively assess the dry matter, nutritive value and sensory properties of cheese produced from cow and sheep milk using three different local coagulants of plant origin: Calotropis procera leaf extract, Carica papaya leaf extract and lemon fruit juice. The following proximate and mineral compositions were assayed: dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash, carbohydrates, magnesium, copper, potassium, iron, zinc, calcium. Relative to that made with Calotropis procera and Carica papaya , cheese made with lemon juice was harder, less cohesive and gave a higher significant value (P 0.05) overall acceptability (5.77). This study suggests that sheep milk and Carica papaya leaf extract have the potential to compete favourably well with the commonly used cow milk and  Calotropis procera leaf extract. Keywords: Calotropis procera , Carica papaya , lemon juice, proximate composition, coagulant


The Aether Scalar Tensor (AeST) theory is an extension of General Relativity (GR), proposed for addressing galactic and cosmological observations without dark matter. By casting the AeST theory into a $3+1$ form, we determine its full non-perturbative Hamiltonian formulation and analyse the resulting constraints. We find the presence of four first class and four second class constraints and show that the theory propagates six degrees of freedom on general backgrounds. We determine the case of small perturbations around Minkowski space as an example stemming from our analysis.


The problem of nutrient in take in teenagers tends to be caused by a poor and irregular diet as well as psychosocial factors involved frequently become the cause of this matter. This research is aimed to determine the factors associated with food selection in high school students in Yogyakarta City. The design of this research was observational, with crosssectional design on 2 high schools in Yogyakarta City. The sampling was done by simple random sampling. A sample of 107 students was examined as the sample. The variable examined in this research wasthe role of the family, peers,pocket money, the level of knowledge and mood towards food selection. The data were analyzed by using chi-square. Factors significantly related(p <0.05) to the food selection is the role of the family in the selection of staple foods, side dishes from animal products, side dishes from vegetables, vegetables and fruits. The significant relationshipis also found at the level of knowledge with food selection of vegetables and fruits. In addition, a significant relationship between mood and selection of staple foods and side dishes from animal products is also found. Meanwhile, there is no significant relationship between pocket money and the role of peers towards all types of food selection. The role ofthe family, the level of knowledge and mood are related to food selection, while pocket money and peers are not related to food selection.
Keywords : Food selection, teenagers


Tris(acetylacetonato)aluminium(III) was resolved for the first time by h.p.l.c. on a (+)-poly(triphenylmethyl methacrylate) column, and the circular dichroism spectrum and racemization rates of one of the optical isomers were measured.


Learners of English mistakenly omit sentence-final punctuation marks (called missing sentence boundaries in this paper). Detection of missing sentence boundaries is useful in automated essay scoring and learner corpus creation. This paper proposes a novel method for detecting sentences that contain missing sentence boundaries. It first automatically generates training data. Then, from the training data, it creates a model for detecting sentences that contain missing sentence boundaries. It further uses some options such as sampling of training data to reduce bias and noise that inevitably exist in the training data. Experiments show that it achieves an F-measure of 0.716 and outperforms the method used for comparison. In addition, it has following two advantages: (i) it does not require manually annotated training data and (ii) the performance is adjustable.


Gravity waves (GWs) are generated at all altitudes in the atmosphere, but sources above the lower stratosphere are rarely considered by parameterizations employed in general circulation models. This study assesses the potential impact on the thermosphere produced by small‐scale waves originating at different heights. Within the proposed numerical framework, GW sources are represented by wave momentum forcing, whose values are expressed relative to the forcing required to obtain typical wave spectra around the tropopause. The relative importance of tropospheric and extra‐tropospheric sources and the response in the thermosphere are studied in a series of sensitivity experiments. They demonstrate that the accumulation of wave momentum steeply drops with height as a consequence of decreasing density, even when the forcing is maintained at a uniform level throughout the middle atmosphere. When a broad spectrum is forced at twice the tropospheric rate, the thermospheric drag is increased by only a factor of two, and that increase is produced by waves that were forced in the lower stratosphere. With increasing altitude, vertically localized sources contribute progressively less. For example, for GWs excited near the mesopause to produce an impact comparable with that due to waves propagating from below, the forcing must be orders of magnitude stronger than in the troposphere. The estimated forcing of the so‐called secondary harmonics by breaking primary waves is much weaker, such that the systematic dynamical effect of secondary waves in the thermosphere is negligible compared to that of the primary GWs generated in the troposphere.


China has maintained a nearly fixed exchange rate of 8.26 renminbi (RMB) to the U.S. dollar since 1994, in spite of the near total collapse of practically every other fixed exchange rate regime over the last decade. Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China, happens to have the world's other so-far durable fixed exchange rate regime. That is a coincidence, geographically speaking. In Hong Kong's case the stability of its exchange rate derives from the currency board apparatus that was installed before the 1997 reversion to China. The Hong Kong currency board model may be appropriate for smaller developing economies. Large economies are better candidates for floating exchange rates. If China is going to fulfill the objective of competing on the level of Japan, Europe, or the United States, it would make sense to move to an RMB floating regime (see, e.g., Dorn 2003). This advice coincides with recent pronouncements from the International Monetary Fund, encouraging China to drop or modify the peg. How did China's fixed exchange rate survive when over the last 15 years fixed exchange rate regimes have self-destructed in such far-flung places as Russia, Mexico, Thailand, the Philippines, Turkey, and Argentina, to name a few? Pegged Exchange Bates and Capital Controls The superficial answer is that China is different because it does not allow full capital account convertibility. This means money can flow into China but it cannot subsequently leave without permission. China allows convertibility for current account transactions but not for capital account items. Yet economists know capital controls are never absolute and, as Milton Friedman is fond of saying, there is no such thing as a legislative proscription. Circumstantial evidence suggests China's controls are porous. And indeed the controls are leaking. One investment bank estimates that $70 billion of "hot money" (betting on a revaluation of the RBM) flowed into the PRC in 2003 only to flow back out in May and June 2004 when a change to foreign exchange regime looked less likely. Hot money was defined as the change in foreign exchange reserves less total of the trade surplus and foreign direct investment flows. What then is the significance of capital controls? Consider Malaysia's much touted experience with capital controls in the late 1990s which was much misunderstood. Malaysia installed capital controls in September 1998, a full 14 months after the onset of the Southeast Asian currency crisis (usually marked from July 1997, the date when Thailand released the baht from its peg). Despite misleading claims, Malaysia did not find a "kinder, gentler way" to deal with its currency crisis by the rather public freezing of foreign exchange trading and capital transfers. Rather, Malaysia merely locked the barn door after the horses had escaped. Malaysia did, however, reinforce its reputation as having a government that would resort to extreme steps to get its way with the market. And it is important to remember that Malaysia had resorted to capital controls on at least one other occasion in the same decade, though in the earlier case it was to halt the appreciation in the ringgit. The important concept to take from this is that when a government installs capital controls it serves notice to traders or, if you like, speculators that they are playing with fire. It is a statement of willingness on the government's part to undertake heavy-handed measures that are designed to be extremely costly if not ruinous to anyone who has a trading position not favored by the government. That implied threat is the significance of China's capital controls, leaky though they may be in their current form. What would motivate China to give up the fixed RMB? The system has attracted a lot of commentary over the last 10 years, most of which concerns bogus issues. China got high praise for not devaluing the RMB in the late 1990s, especially in the midst of the Southeast Asian currency crisis (the episodes involving Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia). …


Objective To observe the analgesic effect of Mallinckrodt and Keluoqu tablet(KLQ) on post-operative pains of patients with breast augmentation.Methods The study was conducted in 60 patients with post-operative pain.They were randomly divided into group A(n=30)and B(n=30).Patients in each group were treated with Mallinckrodt or KLQ in a regimen of 1 tablet one time.Results The total effective rate of group A was 96.7%vs 83.3% of group B and there was significant difference(P0.05) between group A and group B in analgesic effects.Conclusion Mallinckrodt is effective in treatment of moderate to severe post-operative pain.


s: In teaching of program designing language class, the adoption of task-driving teaching method combined with detailed performing projects of group coordination can both enhance teaching quality and develop students' research quality to explore, create, deliberate and coordinate. What teachers do is mainly to determine the general tasks, stage tasks and guide students to finish task as well as give a summery and scores to the students' tasks.


The subject of this paper is a complementary area consisting of management systems (QMS) and information systems (IS), i.e., the theoretical and practical need for their parallel design, development, implementation and operation. Companies are increasingly concerned with managing the quality of their products and services in accordance with international standards. Designing a quality management system requires the intensive participation of managers and employees who perform analysis and reengineering of business processes and accompanying procedures. Very similar requisites and tasks characterize the design of a company's information system, but these two endeavours are most often implemented as separate projects, handled by different teams, equipped with unrelated methodologies. Within the scope of this paper, the author's ambition was to establish a model of synergistic connection of the information system and the quality management system through the establishment of a Quality management system suitability function and check to what extent the definition of common databases, integrated data model and information model confirms or refutes the hypothesis that the integration of QMS and IS contributes to better overall business results and individually improves each of the connected systems.


A study of the gastric anatomy of Thallomys paedulcus revealed a sacculated stomach, with a proximal keratinised forestomach (corpus) leading to an apical fornix ventricularis, that possesses several diverticula and a distal glandulär hindstomach (antrum). A pregastric and a pyloric pouch occur proximal to the bordering fold (grenzfalte) and the pyloric sphincter respectively. The stomach is one of the most complex yet described for a rodent but can be categorised as bilocular hemiglandular, and has certain parallels with the stomachs of some African cricetid rodents. An oesophageal valve and groove may alow for alternate pathways of digesta flow and/or regurgitation. Keratin squames sloughed from the lumenal surface of the corpus and the diverticula of the fornix ventricularis provide a microhabitat for numerous symbiotic bacteria.


. The extragalactic background at ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma ray energies is reviewed. Early work on the diffuse backgrounds in each of these bands was motivated, at least in part, by the idea that these fluxes were the result of processes which produced a truly diffuse flux with profound cosmological implications. As we will see, these processes were not observed. However, the study of this background has led to the discovery of unexpected processes at work in the Universe. Our current understanding of these backgrounds is presented.


This paper examines asymmetric impacts of various percentages of futures trading activities on price volatility for energy futures of crude oil and heating oil at the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX). Due of turbulent energy futures prices from the early 2000s, this paper applies threshold autoregressive model to determine structure changes, and the sample prior to and beginning 2000s are also analyzed separately. Results for periods beginning 2000s strongly confirm findings by Bessembinder and Seguin (1993) of a significant positive relation between unexpected volume and volatility and a significant negative relation between expected open interest and volatility. We further find stronger impacts of extremely higher or lower unexpected volume for both two and extremely higher unexpected open interest for heating oil on the volatility since 2000s whereas smaller impacts are found prior to 2000s. Hence, it provides more valuable insights on varying relations of volatility, volume, and open interest in energy futures markets throughout the time.