Abstract A feasible approach that uses an auto-generation technique is proposed to design and retrofit water distribution networks (WDNs) subjected to earthquakes. Because pipelines are laid along roads, the road information is extracted and then integrated into the auto-generation technique whereby the rules relevant to laying the pipelines are established. An optimisation model with parameters of network topology and pipeline diameter is developed to design and retrofit WDNs, whose seismic functional reliability index serves as a constraint. An intelligent optimisation program via a particle swarm algorithm is employed to generate the optimal network after a number of evaluations and evolutions. For illustrative purposes, a hypothetical and a real WDN model are investigated, respectively. Numerical results indicate that the optimisation and design method developed in this paper provides a new perspective towards the rational balance between risk and investment.


Botryoid Rhabdomyosarcoma of the female genital tract is rare in the cervix. It tends
to occur in children and young women and has comparatively better prognosis than sarcoma
botryoides of the vagina and uterus. We report a case of 20 year old female with Botryoid
Rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as a cervical polyp. Only a few cases are reported in literature
till now.. The definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by histopathology only.


The CORBA architecture defines the semantics of the interaction of distributed objects. These semantics are fixed and hardly extensible. CORBA services can extend the basic functionality of an ORB, but they are based on those fixed semantics. AspectIXis an open and more flexible architecture than CORBA, but an AspectIXimplementation can also host CORBA-compliant applications. A pectIXadopts a fragmented object model, which means that each client owns a local part of the distributed object and that these local parts, called fragments, can interact with one another. A local fragment can be intelligent and carry a part of the distributed object's functionality, or it can be dumb and act as a stub only, as in the CORBA-compliantAspectIX profile. A client can configure several functional and nonfunctional properties of the object's semantics, so-called aspects, by using a generic configuration interface. A local fragment implementation may be transparently replaced by another one if it cannot fulfill the requirements of a new configuration. We will show how this configuration interface helps to solves problems in wide-area systems (replication, consistency), mobile agents (mobility), and process control systems (realtime constraints, fault tolerance).


This paper describes the development of the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel sounder which can jointly estimate the direction of departure (DOD), the direction of arrival (DOA) and the delay time of arrival (DTOA), for the advanced modeling of wireless channels. The algorithm and the hardware architecture are described, as well as the experimental results using the prototype.


Metanastria terminalia is one of the major pests on Chinese olive (Cananium burser aceae) orchards. According to the experiment of breeding individually or colonically, the biology and morphology of Metanastria terminalia were studied. The laboratory population life—tables were developed in order to analyze and compare the infection to the development of Metanastria terminalia under two different breeding.


CT scans were obtained in five patients who presented with abdominal pain and were found to have an abdominal aortic aneurysm without evidence of hypovolaemia. A periaortic haematoma and evidence of a rupture was found on scanning in three of the patients and confirmed at immediate operation. A retrospective diagnosis of rapidly expanding (acute) aneurysm was made in the other two patients in whom no other pathology was found at early elective operation. CT scanning is useful in differentiating small well-controlled ruptures from rapidly expanding aneurysms.


Venlafaxine is an antidepressant that has marked in China, it is the first inhibitor that inhibits the ruptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine (SNRIs). Because of positive clinical efficacy , immediate antipressant effect, less adverse reaction and better tolerability, it is getting obtained more and more attention. This article reviews the pharmacokinetics characters of venlafaxine, the effects of dosage regimens, age, gender, hepatic dysfunction and renal dysfuntion on its pharmacokine-tics, and the drug-drug interactions.


Thirty-two Holstein heifers were used to determine the effect of energy and undegraded intake protein (UIP) on growth and feed efficiency from 6 mo of age until calving. Treatment diets were randomly assigned to one of four groups of eight Holstein heifers between 138 and 250 d of age (average of 180). Treatments were in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, consisting of two levels of energy (supporting.6 or .9 kg ADG) and two levels ofUIP (30 or 50% of CP). Heifers were fed treatment diets in a confinement facility until 385 d of age, constituting phase I of the trial. Isonitrogenous diets based on com silage, alfalfa silage, ground orchardgrass hay, shelled com, soybean meaL blood meal, and minerals were fed as a TMR. High VIP was achieved by substitution of blood meal for soybean meal. Phase IT began at the end of phase I and continued until calving. During phase ll, heifers were housed together and fed a common diet to achieve. 7 kg ADG. DMI (kg/d) for phase I was 4.46,5.42, 7.38, and 5.95 for Low Energy:Low VIP, Low Energy:High VIP, High Energy:Low VIP, and High Energy:High DIP. ADG (kg) was .62, .74, 1.01, and .96. Feed efficiencies were 8.12, 7.58, 7.44, and 6.43 kg DMIlkg


Prostate cancer is currently the most prevalent cancer and third leading cause of cancer related deaths amongst Canadian men. Highly sensitive, but non-specific, diagnostic techniques have made it challenging for clinicians to balance treatment efficacy with associated side-effects. Prostate imaging techniques are being investigated to assist in diagnosis, staging, monitoring, and localizing prostate cancer within the gland itself. Measuring changes in tissue biomechanics could provide important functional and morphological information about prostate cancer.
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a potential candidate for imaging tissue mechanical properties, in vivo. MRE gives quantitative stiffness measurements by transmitting micrometer amplitude shear waves into tissues. Previous reports of performing MRE in prostate cancer patients have used an external source to generate shear waves inside the prostate, which has imposes limitations on the spatial resolution of the stiffness maps (elastograms). An alternative approach is to use an internal or intra-cavitary actuator to generate shear waves in closer proximity to the prostate in order to produce higher resolution elastograms. Since clinically significant prostate cancers can have diameters on the order of 1 cm, high resolution elastograms are essential in order to evaluate MRE as a potential tool for assisting in disease prognosis.
This thesis demonstrates the technical feasibility of intra-cavitary (transurethral, endorectal) MRE for the purposes of evaluating localized regions of stiffness within the prostate gland. First, a combination of gel and canine experiments were performed to help outline the imaging characteristics of intra-cavitary MRE. Secondly, the feasibility of performing endorectal MRE by connecting a piezoceramic actuator to an endorectal radiofrequency receive coil while simultaneously preserving the signal to noise ratio of the acquired images wave demonstrated. Thirdly, the feasibility and tolerability of endorectal MRE in conjunction with current clinical endorectal RF coil designs was successfully demonstrated in human volunteers. This represented the first evaluation of endorectal MRE in humans. Lastly, a compliant mechanical amplifier was designed in order to develop a reliable high amplitude piezoceramic actuator for performing intracavitary MRE. Taken together, this work demonstrates the feasibility of intracavitary MRE and provides a method for locally probing the biomechanical properties of the prostate gland.


MOON is a notation for designing complete systems, addressing the description of subsystems to be executed by both computer and non-computer processors. The design method is object-oriented in approach, based primarily on the Mascot 3 notation and also on the JSP notation. Systems and subsystems are defined as collections of data repositories, related activities and subsystems. It should therefore also be considered as a modular notation. MOON abstracts a system to a hierarchy of networks of activities and data repositories, using an extension of the Mascot 3 notation. A further development of the system uses a more data-oriented approach, describing actions and data items separately using an extension of the JSP notation. The extensions to the two notations ensure that consistency between network and program abstractions can be enforced.


Prior to the late 1980s the Caspian Tern was considered a vagrant to coastal Tanzania. Since the early 1990s numbers
 wintering along the coast have continued to increase to the extent that there are now approximately 700 birds
 spending their non-breeding season north of 8 degrees south. Data from regular counts at key sites suggests that four
 roost sites hold more than 100 birds each. It is suggested that these birds are from the poorly known Malagasy
 population estimated at 1,000 to 2,000 birds with a 1% level of just 15 (Wetlands International 2012). If this is the
 case these counts represent either a major shift in the behavior of these birds or an undocumented increase in the
 size of the population. If the former then Tanzania now seasonally hosts approximately 50% of the population with
 four sites holding more than 6% and as such they qualify as shadow Ramsar sites.


Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are consists of mobile devices connected wirelessly. MANETs communicate without any fixed infrastructure or any centralized domain. All the nodes are free to move randomly within the network and share information dynamically. Routing protocol in MANET show how the mobile nodes messages are forwarded in a multi-hop fashion. The wireless connectivity and node mobility in MANET networks contributes in rapid topological changes, which brings the need for a channel aware routing protocol. Hence, the need for efficient routing protocols to allow the nodes to communicate. In such a communication scheme a routing protocol play an important role in the network performances. Achieving high user data rates over multi-hop wireless paths is considered the ultimate goal for MANET. To overcome this problem, several important modifications to the routing protocol algorithms are then considered to operate better in networks. This research work proposed a SNR-based routing metric for Dynamic Mobile Ad hoc Network onDemand (DYMO) routing protocol. This paper starts by investigate and compare the performance among reactive routing protocols in MANET. Secondly, the DYMO protocol choose routes based on SNR metric are modeled as proposed the new routing metric. Simulations scenarios are used for the work of the research by develop the new routing metrics in DYMO protocol module in OMNET++. The results show that SNR-DYMO improves the performance of the MANET in terms of throughput and packet delivery ratio throughout all simulation scenarios.


English is one of the basic general subjects that students must study in higher education. Outside the general basic courses, the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of the Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung held an English language practicum program for 4th semester students. During a period of 4 years, the implementation of the English practicum seemed to be ineffective. This can be seen from the percentage of the attendance of students who actively participate in practicum, only 20% of the total 40 students in the group. The design of this study uses quantitative research with a pre-experimental approach. The final results of this study indicate that of the five components of the English practicum the objectives, methods, materials, time and facilities and infrastructure showed ineffective results.


The influence of ZnO and Nb2O5 additions on the sinterability, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of (Mg0.95Ca0.05)TiO3 (abbreviated as 95MCT hereafter) ceramic is investigated. XRD patterns indicate that MgTi2O5 secondary phase can be effectively suppressed by ZnO and Nb2O5 additions, which is beneficial for improving the microwave dielectric properties. Appropriate amount of Nb2O5 addition can effectively improve the Qf value of 95MCT ceramic, which is suggested to be ascribed to the reduced oxygen vacancies. When the ZnO: Nb2O5 mole ratio is 1.5 and the co-doping content is 0.25wt%, the optimal microwave dielectric properties can be obtained Qf=72730GHz(6.8GHz), εr=20.29 and τf=-6.84ppm/°C and the sintering temperature of 95MCT is lowered from 1400°C to 1320°C.


For a link to this poster and other related publications please scan this QR code -> In this study we are attempting to reach out to the health care community that are interested in the heath effects of poor air quality. Recent work (Van Donkelaar et al 2010) has correlated satellite-derived total-column AOD to PM2.5 concentrations. In a similar manner ground based total-column AOD should be able to be used to derive PM2.5 concentrations. The addition of NO2 and O3 values from other sources would allow the AQHI to be reported instead of the less familiar, at least to the heath care community, AOD values.


ABSTRACT Suburban bus routes usually serve a city's peripheral areas with sparse density of travel demand. The distribution of many suburban trips is many-to-one, with all the passengers bound for a common destination like an airport. This paper proposes a methodology for the optimal design of a suburban bus route for airport access, with the objective of minimizing the total access time. Its decisions are the selection of pickup locations from candidate stops and the corresponding visiting sequence. We first consider a special model which is polynomially solvable, and then develop a dynamic programming approach to address this special case. Later, we formulate a generic model and prove it to be NP-hard. Apart from the dynamic programming approach, an artificial bee colony (ABC) approach is developed for good-quality solutions of the practical-size problem. Finally, case studies are carried out to validate the applicability of the proposed models and solution methods.


COVID-19 is one infectious disease that attacks the respiratory tract and could cause death. The first case in Central Sulawesi started from Palu. The government has done various interventions to push down the COVID -19 spreading, such as isolation treatment for positive patients in hospitals provided by the government. This condition led the stress for the susceptible patient. One treatment that could perform to reduce stress is social support. The aim of the research is to analyze the association between social support and stress levels toward positive COVID -19 patients in Palu, Central Sulawesi Province. This is quantitative research with an analytical design and cross-sectional approach. The population is a total of positive COVID-19 patients who were admitted in Anutapura Hospital, Undata Hospital, and the Emergency Unit of Central Sulawesi Province. The total sampling is 67 respondents that were taken by accidental sampling technique. Instrument of research by SSRS questionnaire has been modified by researcher, validity and reliability testing, and stress level using the DASS 21 questionnaire. It used the Chi-Square test for the statistical test. Based on statistical test we found that p-value = 0,023 < 0,05. In conclusion, we found a significant association between social support and stress levels toward positive COVID 19 patients in Palu, Central Sulawesi Province. More social support provides more slight stress level for personal experiences.


Performances created specifically for young people are a twentieth-century development. With the arrival of films, v ideos, and TV in recent decades at festiva l times and at home, young people have access to a much wider variety of theatre forms than their parents did. And, s ince 1980, more kids have had a chance to see live performance through one of the several touring theatre companies for you ng people that have been in operation since that time.


In 1970 Robert Mutch formally proposed the following hypothesis: "Fire-dependent plant communities burn more readily than non-fire-dependent communities because natural selection has favored characteristics that make them more flammable" (Mutch 1970:1047). Although the paper in which the hypothesis was presented is widely cited in the ecological literature, there has been little effort at critical evaluation. The recent article by Buckley in this journal (Buckley 1983), while purporting to test Mutch's hypothesis, in fact does not and addresses two specific hypotheses of his own. Buckley's study involved dunefield vegetation in central Australia. The vegetation consists of dense grassland dominated by Triodia basedowii in the swales and an open shrub cover on the dune crests. The first specific hypothesis that Buckley tested was that fire is essential for the seedling regeneration of Triodia. His experiments showed that it was not. The second hypothesis was that shrub species found in the grasslands (subject to frequent and intense fires) survive fire better than or resprout more vigorously than shrub species characteristic of the dune ridges (burned by infrequent, low-intensity fires). The results showed that this was the case. The implication that fires are then responsible for excluding dunecrest shrubs from the swale grasslands is weakened somewhat by his statement that the dune shrubs regenerate from seed. It appears that fire may play a role in maintaining this vegetation gradient, but unfortunately Buckley does not separate the role of fire from that of the obvious edaphic gradient. In the absence of fire I suspect that a vegetation gradient would still remain. Mutch's hypothesis, however, deals rather specifically with flammability rather than reproduction or recovery after fire. Mutch discussed mainly chemical aspects of fuels, but the argument is easily extended to other traits that influence flammability (Rundel 1981). It seems apparent that communities that burn readily or frequently are more flammable than communities that do not. A lightning strike (or a dropped cigarette) in a grassland is much more likely to cause a fire than one in an adjacent mesic forest. The problem I see in Mutch's hypothesis is in attributing this to natural selection for increased flammability. Although the hypothesis is presented at the level of community evolution, the evolution of increased flammability by individual species seems to be the main thrust of his paper. Most fire-dependent communities are in fact made up of one or a few species responsible for the flammability (e.g., grasses, pines, or eucalypts) plus many species well adapted to the burning regime but lending little to fuel or flammability. The apparent evolution of numerous characteristics to resist fire or recover after fire by species in communities that burn frequently has lead to the suggestion that these species have also evolved characteristics that increase their flammability. The traits to resist or recover are numerous, but even some of these may have evolved for reasons other than recovery after fire (Gill 1981). I would contend that many characteristics of species that increase their flammability are merely incidental or secondary results of selection for other traits that increase individual fitness: e.g., herbivore deterrence, water-use efficiency, or nutrient retention; and not the result of selection for flammability. Along similar lines, Newman (1978) argued that although allelopathy may operate in nature, allelopathic interactions are best considered fortuitous outcomes of other plant characteristics. For example, the following scenario is quite straightforward. A plant with higher levels of a phenolic compound in its leaves suffers less herbivore damage and refore produces more offspring than its neighbors. In time the entire population has higher phenolic contents. The phenolics in the leaves cause them to decompose more slowly and the higher fuel accumulation leads to hotter and/or more frequent fires. There is now selective pressure on individuals (with the higher levels of phenolics) for improved mechanisms to resist fire or recover after the fire. In this example there is selection on individuals for increased herbivore resistance and fire resistance, but no selection for increased flammability. It is more difficult to imagine how increased flammability of an individual would increase its fitness. It would seem to require a simultaneous increase in resistance or recovery ability at the very least. High flammability may also be due to traits that are selectively neutral. For example, grasses by their general growth form tend to produce well-aerated litter. If a grass grows as scattered individuals in the understory of a forest it does little to increase flammability. In dense swards, however, grasses can form an excellent fuel. Although Williamson and Black (1981) suggest otherwise, there is probably little selective pressure on "litter deposition patterns" of trees. Differences between pine and oak leaf litter would seem to be an unavoidable consequence of differences between oak leaves and pine needles. This is not to say that trees whose leaves form heavy fuels would not have more


A transducer system and method for harmonic imaging is provided. At least one transducer element is provided. The transducer element comprises two stacked piezoelectric layers. Information from each of the layers is independently processed during one of a transmit event, a receive event, and both transmit and receive events. Information from the transducer element is provided to a filter. The filter isolates harmonic information for imaging. By providing a multi-layer transducer element with independent processing for each layer, a wide bandwidth transducer for harmonic imaging is provided. The null associated with most transducers at the second harmonic of a fundamental frequency is removed or lessened.


Mark 1:40-45 40 A leper came to him begging him, and kneeling he said to him, "If you choose, you can make me clean." 41 Moved with pity, Jesus stretched out his hand and touched him, and said to him, "I do choose. Be made clean!" 42 Immediately the leprosy left him, and he was made clean. 43 After sternly warning him he sent him away at once, 44 saying to him, "See that you say nothing to anyone; but go, show yourself to the priest, and offer for your cleansing what Moses commanded, as a testimony to them." 45 But he went out and began to proclaim it freely, and to spread the word, so that Jesus could no longer go into a town openly, but stayed out in the country; and people came to him from every quarter.


The use of x-glucosidase inhibitors is now very popular in the treatment of NIDDM patients with postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose has been reported to reduce the postprandial plasma glucose levels as well as the insulin response and may improve the metabolic control in NIDDM patients regardless of their concomitant antidiabetic therapy (1). Voglibose, another a-glucosidase inhibitor(2) not only inhibits the small intestine brush-border maltase and sucrase 190—270 times more effectively than acarbose but also has less malabsorption side effects (3). The effect of voglibose on postprandial hyperglycemia in NIDDM patients may be clinically evidenced as a decrease in HbAlc and fructosamine (4). However, an improvement in the daily glycemic excursion with voglibose has not yet been sufficiently studied, Recently, Wójcicki (5) designed a new marker called "J"-index to address the importance of mean levels and the variability of daily glucose concentrations. We investigated the effects of voglibose on the daily glycemic excursions in NIDDM patients using the "j"-index.


The article considers the life and work of one of the poets of literature of the early twentieth century, Baybatyr Yerzhanuly, whose years of birth and death have not yet been fully specified and defined. Based on the available archival documents and reasonable information provided by the descendants of the poet, it was found that Baybatyr was born in 1897 in the former Kyzylzhar (now North Kazakhstan Region) and died in 1939. It was revealed that in 1935 the poet was arrested by the East Kazakhstan Military District (Military Commissariat of the regional administration), and an investigation was carried out on him. In a collection of literature of the early twentieth century, published in 1994, in an article about Baybatyr Yerzhanov, the scientist Zh. Tilepov, referring to the opinion of the journalist Seyten Sauytbekov, claims that Baybatyr was born in the South Kazakhstan region. It was found that this idea was presented a bit hastily. Archival data and manuscripts relating to the life and work of the writer are submitted to the public for the first time. For example, the original manuscript of his such books as "Get up, Kazakh!", "Love for learning", were found in the written letter based on the Arabic script "It is embraced with death" together with one chapter of the work "For the Collective Farm", death certificate, questionnaire, completed by the poet's handwriting during the investigation. Based on the collected material, the biography of the poet was supplemented. The article found and revealed that the poet had two sons and one daughter, as well as his wife Marjan, and that along with teaching and editorial work, he combined poetry, writing and journalistic skills.


Abbreviations: AHOTP, accelerated health officers training program; CI, confidence interval; DF, degree of freedom; EWLA, Ethiopian women lawyers association; FGC, female genital cutting; FGM, female genital mutilation; HTP, harmful traditional practice; IEC, information education and communication; KAP, knowledge attitude and practice MDG, millennium development goal; NCTPE, national committee of traditional practices of Ethiopia; P, p-value; UNICEF, united nations international children fund; WAO, women's affairs office; WHO, world health organization Introduction


Dialpainting became an occupation in 1917 when young women from working-class backgrounds, most of them in their teens and early twenties, were hired to decorate the faces of watches used by soldiers in the trenches with a new paint containing radium. The military's needs declined, but in 1919 consumers launched a decade-long fad in luminous wristwatches, and by the mid-1920s, "studios" in Orange, New Jersey; Ottawa, Illinois; and Waterbury, Connecticut employed hundreds of dialpainters. Ignorant of the hazards of their work, the dialpainters breathed dusty air saturated with radium, painted eyelids and fingernails for evening social engagements, and, in what was the most dangerous practice of all, pointed the brush by placing it between their lips-that is, "lippointing." Lippointing was abolished throughout the industry in 1927, but not before dozens of dialpainters had died, contracted malignant cancers, suffered facial disfigurement, or otherwise become seriously ill, their bones burdened with radium. Dialpainters who began work after the elimination of lippointing fared better, and voluntary radium tolerance standards developed during World War II added a measure of protection for some workers. Even so, dialpainters working in the 1940s and 1950s and later decades suffered from a variety of radium-related illnesses and were subject to higher-than-normal rates of breast cancer and foot tumors. Not until 1979 or 1980 was the last


Manufacturing of heterostructure ICs at VLSI integration levels has heretofore not been realized. Recently, epitaxial material quality and availability has improved dramatically with the proliferation of low-pressure metalorganic-chemical-vapor-deposition (LP-MOCVD) material. In addition, the quality of GaAs IC manufacturing has steadily improved in integration level and density of interconnect. As a result, complexity consistent with the fabrication of VLSI structures is now feasible using LP-MOCVD material with H-MESFET technology. Results are presented which were obtained using the H-MESFET approach to achieve high density, VLSI complexity GaAs ICs.<<ETX>>


Sulfonyl uorides (SFs) have been identied and utilized in the realms of biology, pharmaceuticals and functional molecules for their unique stability-reactivity balance. Owing to the relatively low reactivity toward nucleophilic substitution and the exclusive heterolytic property, SF electrophiles are privileged motifs in the selective covalent interaction with context-specic amino acids or proteins for diverse applications (Fig. 1). For example, Murthy and co-workers disclosed that 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl uoride (NBSF, Fig. 1) was effective at killing Gram-negative bacteria, where the SF group could possibly react with target proteins directly or via an intermediate. By holding a compatible electrophilicity, SFs have found remarkable utility as covalent probes in chemical biology, which enable the efficient targeting of active-site amino acid residues. Meanwhile, through the reaction of SFs with active site amino acids to


This paper studies the departure process of M(superscript x)/G/1 queue with adaptive multistage vacation and server set-up, close-down time. By using direct probability decomposition, renewal theory and the Laplace-Stieltjes transform, we discuss the expected number of departures occurring during the time interval (0, t] and its asymptotic expansion. Furthermore, the stochastic decomposition of departure process and the inaccuracy in previous references are discovered.


The objective of this work was to evaluate mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of chitosan films as functions of the concentrations of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC, added as nanoreinforcement, 0-20%), and glycerol (plasticizer, 030%), according to a central composite design. The film forming solutions were elaborated from a chitosan solution (3% in 1.5% acetic acid solution). MCC and glycerol addition was followed by homogenization and vacuum degassing. The films were casted and left to dry at 24C and 42% RH, during 24 h. Results were analyzed by response surface methodology. All models were highly significant (p<0.01). Tensile strength and Young's modulus, as well as water vapor barrier, were favored by MCC addition. Although favored by glycerol, elongation at break was low (typically lower than 20%).


In developing countries, conventional centralized wastewater treatment has failed to provide the needs of societies for the collection and treatment of domestic wastewater. Hence it is necessary to develop decentralized wastewater treatment system which may provide possibilities for reuse of wastewater and improve local environmental conditions. The Moving Bed Sequencing Batch Reactor (MBSBR) is an efficient process for wastewater treatment and becoming a feasible solution for small treatment plants. Laboratory scale experimentations were carried out applying the MBSBR process for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The aim of the study was to evaluate performance of MBSBR under varied operating conditions. The effect of different carrier   fill percent, influent COD and cycle time were investigated. The process has demonstrated relatively lesser COD removal efficiency for the system operated with 60 and 70 % fill of carrier and aeration period less than 2.5 h. Carrier fill of 30 % has shown relatively higher COD removal efficiency during most of the cycles. The design guidelines in terms of SLR, VLR, HRT and F/M were developed. Very high sludge settleability was observed in MBSBR. Sludge settleability decreased with reduction in carrier fill. The COD removal efficiencies of MBSBR system was 16 % higher than those of the conventional aerobic SBR system under the same operating conditions. MBSBR is demonstrated to be better choice when compared to SBR and MBBR for domestic wastewater treatment due to high COD removal efficiencies.


Introduction Risk factors for aspiration are not well characterized in the trauma patient population. Improved understanding is important due to features of this patient population that place them at high risk for morbidity and mortality with aspiration. Methods In a retrospective analysis of patients who suffered a traumatic injury from 2016 to 2018, potential risk factors were recorded and analyzed with logistic regression to evaluate the trauma patient at risk for aspiration. Results Of the 146 patient charts analyzed, 56 (38%) had at least one documented aspiration event, while 90 (62%) patients had none. Multivariate logistic regression found a significant association between impaired consciousness and aspiration events (p = 0.012). Conclusions This study was a novel characterization of trauma patients likely to have experienced an aspiration event while hospitalized. The results suggested candidate risk factors for aspiration exist in a trauma-specific population. Impaired consciousness is likely to show a significant association with aspiration in trauma patients in future studies.


An oriented asynchronous video embedded image processing system based on DSP and FPGA is designed in this paper.The flexible architecture of the system avoids the requirement of dual-port RAM display memory for which the inter-frame synchronization method is desired.This architecture can ensure the quality of output images and is convenient to improve the performance index of image processing.Taking FPGA as kernel,the system connects DSP and 4-chip frame memory,and incorporates buffer and display memory by frame memory cycle reusing,which saves the process of data transmission.When frame frequencies of input video are less than those of output video,status transformation rules of frame memory are analyzed in term of overall system;as frame frequencies of output video are less than those of input video,status transformation rules of frame memory are analyzed in term of single frame memory,and finally source codes is provided.This scheme has already applied to some products.The higher technology specifications can be met by upgrading.


The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1990, Op. 1609) ruled that A catalogue of the organic remains of the County of Wilts by Benett (1831b) is an available work for the purposes of taxonomic nomenclature. Prior to the ruling, there was some question about the availability of her privately printed catalogue, in which she erected many validly proposed taxa by name and figure or by indication to previously available works. The ICZN Opinion cited the paper by Spamer et al. (1989) as documentation of the taxonomic nomenclature used by Benett and the disposition of her collection in which there is type material for species proposed by her and by other authors.


Objective The research Ping tiao drinks damps the lump effect and the immunity function influence to the mouse S180 sarcoma,and lengthens the function to the H22 liver cancer mouse life,for Ping tiao the clinical practice which drinks to provide the experiment to rest on.Methods Takes the male Kunming mouse,(tests to S180 takes 75,tests to H22 takes 50),body weight:18±2g,the stochastic various divisions are 5 groups,makes the mold 2nd days to start for the medicine.To S180 mouse,after the experiment ended 2nd days to execute,measures its body weight,the spleen,the chest gland and the transplant lump weight,the computation damp the lump rate,the spleen index,the chest gland index.To H22 mouse,observation life,computation life rate of elongation.Results ①Ping tiao drinks each group to damp the lump rate to the S180 sarcoma mouse remarkably to be higher than the model group(P0.05);②Ping tiao drinks each group of and the model group and 5-Fu treatment group compares,may cause the chest gland index,the spleenindex to elevate(P0.01)obviously;③Also obviously excels in model group(P0.01)and 5-Fu treatment group(P0.05)to H22 mouse life.Conclusion Ping tiao drinks to mouse S180 has strongly damps the lump function,and can obviously enhance organism immunity function,but also may lengthen H22 liver cancer mouse life,this is the clinical topic which as soon as is worth further studying.


The radius r neighborhood of a set X, denoted Nr(X), is the collection of points within a distance r of X. We discuss some of the properties preserved by the radius r neighborhood in Rn. In particular, we find a collection of sets which have a unique pre-image when mapped under Nr. This problem has interesting ties to convex geometry. Acknowledgements: I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Diane Davis for all of her valuable feedback and support. Without her, I would have never written this paper. I would also like to thank the RHUMJ referee, whose comments greatly improved the quality of my work. RHIT Undergrad. Math. J., Vol. 17, No. 1 Page 61


Wishes are an important category of speech etiquette, whose significance in society culture and life is undeniable. The purpose of this article is to compare the main ways of wishes in two completely different linguistic cultures. The main research methods include comparative, definitional, component and contextual analysis and ethnic-linguistic-culturological one. In the process of the study, we came to the conclusion that one of the few units of speech etiquette can function in parallel with many other phenomena of speech etiquette, such as greeting, farewell, congratulation, condolence, gratitude, advice, etc. Despite the fact that wishes are a natural norm of communication, they have a huge force of influence on a person, as they are aimed on the creation of a good mood for an interlocutor. In Tatar and English, wishes have different forms of use, which characterizes them as the most common unit of speech etiquette. Wishes are chosen by a speaker with an emphasis on the generally accepted value system, on the idea of a value system of a listener, as well as his own ideas about what is good or bad, pleasant or unpleasant for an addressee. The materials of this article can be used in the practice of intercultural communication, in the translation process of teaching English to a Tatar language audience at higher education institutions and schools in order to develop intercultural communication among learners.


This article contains results of research which may be used as a basis for modernization of a currently applied technology or development of a basic technology for integrated processing of high-magnesia siderites, which satisfies current environmental requirements. It is fount that the application of the developed principles for processing of siderite ores of the Bakal deposit allows us to produce both an iron ore concentrate with the content of iron up to 60% (in comparison with 50-52% of iron using the applied technology) and magnesia with the content of magnesium oxide higher than 98%.


The Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS) is an integrated software implementation of physics-based fate and transport models for health and environmental risk assessments of both radioactive and hazardous pollutants. This atmospheric component report is one of a series of formulation reports that document the MEPAS mathematical models. MEPAS is a ``multimedia`` model; pollutant transport is modeled within, through, and between multiple media (air, soil, groundwater, and surface water). The estimated concentrations in the various media are used to compute exposures and impacts to the environment, to maximum individuals, and to populations.


In this paper,a new arithmetic based on video hiding technique is presented.With the models of geometry for 3D vision,the object's motion,in the same scene's frame sequence,can be expressed by the combination of three basic motions.In this way,the purpose of hiding a large amount of information is achieved.The results of experiment show that the new arithmetic can get a better balance between the security and the embedded information quantity in information hiding.


We have demonstrated dark-field imaging using a full-field hard x-ray microscope by using a custom capillary-based condenser. The condenser provides illumination with a numeric aperture about 3-mrad with high efficiency. This high illumination angle allows full-resolution imaging using a 50 nm hard x-ray zone plate. The zeroth order beam from the condenser is well out of the zoneplate range - which allows a high signal-to-noise ratio in the image plane. Small particles with high scattering power, such as colloidal gold markers used in biology are well-suited for dark-field imaging. Combining with high brightness source from NSRRC BL01B, the dark field image can be acquired within several minutes with high contrast ratio. In this paper, the dark field image of IC and the zoneplate defect will be demonstrated and studied in different energy under dark field mode.


It is a widely held viewpoint in Christian apologetics that in addition to defending Christian theism against objections (negative apologetics), apologists should also present arguments in support of the truth of theism and Christianity (positive apologetics). In contemporary philosophy of religion, the Reformed epistemology movement has often been criticized on the grounds that it falls considerably short of satisfying the positive side of this two-tiered approach to Christian apologetics. Reformed epistemology is said to constitute or entail an inadequate apologetic methodology since it rejects positive apologetics or at least favours negative over positive apologetics. In this paper I argue that this common objection fails on two grounds. First, while the arguments of Reformed epistemology are relevant and useful to apologetics, neither Reformed epistemology nor its epistemological project should be identified with a distinct school or method of apologetics. Secondly, while certain claims of Reformed epistemology seem to imply a rejection of positive apologetics, or at least a preference for negative or positive apologetics, I argue that no such conclusion follows. In fact, although unimpressed by particular versions of natural theology and positive apologetics, Reformed epistemologists have provided criticisms of each that can constructively shape future approaches to the apologetic employment of natural theology and Christian evidences.


A waterborne polyurethane crosslinking agent was synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI) as initial materials,N-methyl diethanolamine(MDEA) as the hydrophilic chain-extender and methyl-ethyl ketoxime as blocking agents.The proper extension reaction time of MDEA hydrophilic chain extension was discussed by NMR,and the deblock process of waterborne polyurethane crosslinking agent was detected by in-situ FTIR.The results showed that the proper extension reaction time of 60 mins was determined by NMR.When the temperature was over 70℃,the bands sites,such as NH and —CO groups associated with hydrogen bond interaction,shifted to the higher wavenumbers,and the NCO groups were de-blocked and to participate in crosslinking reaction at or above 120℃.


This study evaluated the effect of individual differences in diurnal preferences on a problem-solving test of intelligence and a measure of a personality trait of how much someone enjoys thinking.

 Archival data from 85 participants who had completed measures online were utilized in this study. The sample was 51.8% female, 71.8% Caucasian, and mean age was 19.5. Participants completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Composite Morningness Questionnaire (CMQ), Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), and Need for Cognition Scale-Short Form (NFC). Raw score totals were utilized. Diurnal preferences were later grouped for morning, evening, or in between based on published MEQ and CMQ cutoffs. Lower scores indicate evening types, and higher scores indicate morning types.

 Scores on measures of diurnal preference were significantly positively related to NFC (MEQ r = 0.28, p = 0.011; CMQ r = 0.36, p = 0.001) meaning that morning types tend to enjoy effortful mentation more. Diurnal preferences were not significantly related to CRT performance. One-way ANOVA was performed with diurnal preferences as the group factor and NFC and CRT as dependent variables. Significant main effects were not found for MEQ and NFC nor MEQ and CRT. Significant main effects were found for CMQ and NFC F(2,77) = 5.33, p = 0.007, but not for CMQ and CRT.

 These findings indicate that diurnal preference was not associated with performance on the problem-solving intelligence test used in this study. However, morning types appear to be higher for personality traits related to motivation to engage in thinking and would be expected to do better on some cognitive tests that demand more test engagement.


Purpose To report a case of peripheral ulcerative keratitis associated with erythema elevatium diutinum, an unusual form of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Method: Observational case report. Results A 39-year-old man who developed peripheral ulcerative keratitis with three severe flare-ups in nine months after ten years of recurrent erythema elevatium diutinum. Serologic investigations for systemic disorders associated with vasculitic peripheral ulcerative keratitis were unremarkable except hypocomplementemia; microbiological cultures yielded nothing. Erythema elevatum diutinum was the only possible clue for peripheral ulcerative keratitis in the patient, although his ocular lesion did not appear in parallel with the cutaneous lesions. Conclusion. Erythema elevatum diutinum should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral ulcerative keratitis.


Conflicts of interest represent an increasing problem in organizations, given the expansion of stakeholder concerns, needs, and expectations. Existing remedies to address these conflicts largely involve aligning management incentives with the interests of investors, or recusing parties with special interests from the decision-making effort. Both focus on a dyad between the primary stakeholder and the decision-maker. However, increasingly complex situations involving multiple stakeholders exist. The added complexity of considering multiple stakeholders heightens uncertainty that can facilitate the pursuit of self-interest. Ironically, a potential remedy may involve ensuring the presence of competing interests. A review of military procurement suggests that competing interests can mitigate self-interest.


Entropy of a quantum oscillator in the presence of a quantum environment (or heat bath) is studied here. The spectral density, which comprises the environmental influences, here corresponds to a quasi-monochromatic thermal harmonic noise. This further implies that the environment is a structured one compared to the usually employed unstructured strictly ohmic environment. The entropy is found to be vanishing as the temperature approaches its absolute zero value, which thereby guarantees the third law of thermodynamics. At very high temperatures the classical behavior is observed. Similar to the usually employed ohmic-Drude bath model, the coefficient of the leading temperature dependent term in the entropy (at low temperatures) is proportional to the damping strength but not on other parameters of the spectral density characterising the bath.


Diurnal wind systems typically develop in mountainous areas following the daytime heating and nighttime cooling of sloping surfaces. While down-slope winds have been extensively treated in the literature, up-slope winds have received much less attention. In particular, the physical mechanisms associated with the development of these winds, as well as the search for appropriate parameterization of turbulent fluxes of mass, momentum, and heat over slopes in numerical weather prediction models are still open research topics.

Here we present some preliminary results from the analysis of turbulence data (sonic wind speed, temperature, humidity, and turbulent fluxes) collected at two slope stations which are part of the i-Box initiative. The i-Box project (Rotach et al. 2017) aims at studying turbulent exchange processes in complex terrain areas. The experimental setup is composed of six stations disseminated in the surroundings of the alpine city of Innsbruck, in the Inn Valley. The two stations adopted for the present study are located at different points on the valley sidewalls, one with a slope angle of 27° (labelled NF27) and one with a slope angle of 10° (NF10). Both stations are located over slopes covered by alpine meadow and at an altitude of about 1000 m MSL (400 m above the valley floor). The station NF27 has two measurement points, 1.5 and 6.8 m AGL, while the station NF10 has one measurement point, at 6.2 m AGL.

The analysis shows that criteria proposed in the literature for the selection of valley-wind days may not apply for the identification of slope-wind days. Furthermore, from the analysis of second order moments, scaling relationships are derived for up-slope flow conditions. In addition, measurements representing the evolution of the up-slope flow structure from the early morning to the mid-afternoon are compared with an existing, simplified, analytical model, which provides the evolution of the vertical profiles of temperature and along-slope wind velocity as generated by a sinusoidal forcing representing the daily cycle of surface temperature. An improvement of the existing model, where the surface energy budget is considered as the boundary condition for the surface temperature, is also tested.


The invention relates to a multi-LD (Laser Diode) intensive array, which comprises a plurality of pylons arranged intensively, wherein an LD is fixed on each pylon; each pylon is an inclined pylon; and the inclination direction of the upper surface is the same as the power supply indicating direction of the LD or the output direction of a tail optical fiber. Preferably, each pylon adopted by the array is a two-dimensional inclined pylon; the upper surface of each pylon inclines along two different directions; the direction of one pitch-up inclination angle is the same as the power supply indicating direction of the LD; and the direction of the other pitch-up inclination angle is the same as the output direction of the tail optical fiber. The multi-LD intensive array has the advantages that: (1) an LD electrode and the output tail optical fiber are convenient to sort out; (2) the space is fully utilized; (3) compared with a step-shaped array, the intensive array has the characteristics that: the height of the intensive array is reduced, and the cooling effect can be ensured; and (4) high flexibility is achieved, and intensive arrays can be manufactured and used separately, manufactured separately and used as parallel arrays or manufactured and used integrally according to different requirements.


In the study of stability of VVER-1000 reactor core the state variables method and Routh criterion were used. By calculating temperature reactivity coefficients for fuel and moderator we have shown that the reactor core remains stable against 1$ reactivity or less than 1$. The coefficients were calculated for different concentration of boric acid as a function of temperature. The concentration above 1800ppm prevails itself as a positive effect. It should be noted that 1800ppm boric acid concentration had minimal effect on fuel temperature reactivity coefficient. The simulation calculation for 1$ reactivity insertion showed that the prompt neutron life time between 2 to 50μs causes sharp rise in flux for shorter lifetime, while decays remain more or less the same for 2 to 50μs prompt neutron lifetime.


This article aims to precisely define the method used for interpreting a selection of almost three hundred photographs by the graphic reporter Ceferino Yanguas, from amongst the nearly three thousand images that make up his complete work. While that work represented a conscious attempt to combine the best of the disciplines that, in one way or another, have approached photography (Semiotics, Anthropology, History, Art History and one of its branches, Iconography), this work will try to put into play all of those disciplines, all of those tools, at the service of the most famous image by Yanguas: the semi-naked woman


Mintonius, gen. nov, is erected for two species of large snakes (100-140 cm) from the north-central United States and adjacent Canada, principally around the Great Lakes region. The genus contains M. vulpinus and M. gloydi, and is distinguishable from its closest relatives, Pantherophis, Pituophis, and Scotophis, by aspects of its scutellation, color pattern, and gross morphology, as well biochemically, genetically, and phylogenetically. Key Words: evolutionary history, phylogeny, taxonomy, Fox Snake.


The purpose of the study was to establish relationships pertaining to the use of practices involving the prevention or correction of discipline problems between academic and industrial arts teachers.


Absolute rate coefficients for the reaction OH + CH3CHO → products (1) were measured over the temperature range 201–348 K using the technique of pulsed laser photolytic generation of OH coupled to detection by pulsed laser induced fluorescence. The experiments were carried out at total pressures of 50 or 100 Torr (He or Ar bath gas). The accuracy of the rate constants obtained was enhanced by on-line optical absorption measurements of the acetaldehyde concentration. The temperature dependence of the rate coefficient, expressed in Arrhenius form, is given by k1(201–348 K) = 4.38 × 10−12 exp{(366 ± 40)/T} cm3 s−1 with the rate coefficient at room temperature of 1.53 × 10−11 cm3 s−1. The estimated total error (95% confidence) associated with the rate coefficient derived from this expression is estimated as 5%, and is independent of temperature. The present results, which extend the database on this reaction to cover temperature relevant for the upper troposphere, are compared to previously published measurements, and values of k1 for atmospheric modelling are recommended.


Car parking spaces for disabled motorists are routinely abused by able-bodied drivers. In the UK, the 1971 Disabled Persons Parking Scheme (Blue Badge Scheme) has contributed to the mobility of many disabled people. In private off-street car parks, such as those at supermarkets, spaces for disabled drivers are not usually legally enforceable. Owners can agree with the local authority that a parking place order can be made, with penalties or excess charges levied on offenders. The Baywatch Campaign survey of supermarket car parks showed that parking bay abuse was common. BPT Automation has launched the HandiPark mini parking-barrier. The barrier is activated through a hand-held remote control device.


Although all of the tendinous structures can be injured, the digital flexor tendons are commonly affected. The goals of tendon surgical reconstruction are to provide a strong anastomosis site, re-establish normal vascularization, restore the tendon microanatomy, functional length and minimize formation of restrictive adhesions that adversely affect the gliding function of the injured tendons. Various techniques of digital flexors tenorrhaphy have been described; either by different suture pattern, prosthetic materials, natural bio-absorbable materials, tendon transplantation and tendon shielding. This review highlights the recent assessment of different techniques used for digital flexors tenorrhaphy in equine and evaluation of the extent and quality of the digital flexor tendons healing and case prognosis after these surgical manoeuvres by ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biomechanical properties and histopathological examinations. It could be concluded that the use of preserved bio-absorbable augmentation devices either glycerolized bovine pericardium (GBP) xenograft, allograft and allograft shielding with GBP were a good alternative technique accelerating digital flexor tendons repair with restoring their biomechanical properties. Ultrasonography and MRI have provided accurate methods in monitoring the status of healing progression after tenorrhaphy in equine.


This paper considers simple fixed-output wavelength converters to implement shared-per-node optical packet switching with wavelength domain contention resolution capability. Scheduling algorithm and logical performance analysis are presented in synchronous context. Packet loss probability is evaluated and validated through simulation, and results are applied for comparisons with previously proposed sharing schemes. Power consumption evaluation is also presented. The results obtained outline that the proposed architecture performs very close to the general shared-per-node scheme, while employing simpler components.


By using a nanostructured outer layer alone to protect against CMAS the durability of ceramic thermal barrier coatings that are subject to CMAS impact is significantly improved.


The invention discloses an information verification method and device. The method includes the steps that original verification information is generated; according to the original verification information, operable information is generated and displayed; information, input by a user, to be verified is acquired; whether the information to be verified is matched with the original verification information is judged; if yes, it is determined that the information to be verified passes the verification, and otherwise, it is determined that the information to be verified does not pass the verification, wherein the information to be verified is input when the user operates the operable information. According to the method, because the original verification information is not displayed directly, an attacker can not pass the verification through a script means or other machine means and an intelligent image recognition technology. Thus, based on the verification results, the login behavior of the normal user and the login behavior of the attacker can be reliably distinguished.


The ORNL gas-cylinder fire and impact shield was designed and fabricated at the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant for the transport of cylinders filled with radioactive gases. The shield was evaluated analytically and experimentally to determine its compliance with the applicable regulations governing containers in which radioactive and fissile materials are transported, and the results are reported herein. Computational and test procedures were used to determine the structural integrity and thermal behavior of the cask relative to the general standards for normal conditions of transport and the standards for hypothetical accident conditions. Results of the evaluation demonstrate that the container is in compliance with the applicable regulations.


This study is an investigation of the drugs effect on some pathogenic Acanthamoeba isolated from Iraqi waters, where the problem of environmental adaptation that characterizes this organism in addition to being a reservoir for many pathogenic microorganisms that take shelter in it to escape disinfectants and medicines is sometimes difficult to treat it with traditional treatments. Twenty water samples were collected from different water regions in Iraq, namely the Dokan Lake, Tigris River, Euphrates River and Najaf Sea, 5 samples from each source. Acanthamoeba was isolated from water samples on NNA and PYG media, using an inverted microscope with an electron microscope to determine their phenotypic features. PCR and Sequencing were also used to determine their genotype. The isolates were belonged to the T3 genotype that causes corneal infections. Then two types of drugs were used to treat it, which were Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin at three different concentrations, 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.6% and their inhibitory effect was compared with each other and with the positive control of the Chlorohexidine drug at a concentration of 0.2% which was recommended to treat Acanthamoeba keratitis. The results showed that both drugs have an inhibitory effect against Acanthamoeba growth, and that the chloramphenicol had more effect to inhibit compared with gentamicin and chlorhexidine, and it can be used as an alternative treatment instead of chlorohexidine for treating Acanthamoeba keratitis.


Changes in levels of known anaerobic energy reserves [glucose, glycogen, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and phosphocreatine and lactic acid] have been determined in microgram quantities of three different but homogeneous cytologic zones of the experimental glioblastoma during prolonged ischemic incubation. Normal murine white matter was studied under identical conditions. Lightly anesthetized white matter, once rendered ischemic, rapidly cleaves glucose and glycogen to form lactate in quantities expected from anaerobic hexose degradation, and in addition rapidly exhausts endogeneous ATP and phosphocreatine reserves. Peripherally situated cells of the ischemic experimental glioblastoma produce lactate in significant excess to that expected from measured hexose degradation, and in addition maintain low but readily measurable levels of ATP despite prolonged incubation. The rate of expenditure of energy reserves (metabolic rate) is several fold greater at the tumor periphery in comparison to the tumor core. Observations made at the microchemical level provide experimental confirmation for certain theoretic models which have been formulated to explain the observed growth rates of transplanted experimental tumors.


The study of processes of consumption, of engagements with toys, media and technology, is an emerging research agenda for the anthropology of children and childhood (Schwartzman 2001: 10). The interest in the topic reflects the growing economical potential of the so-called 'kids market' (McNeal 1997); it seems that in the wealthier parts of the world "[t]o be a child is to be a consumer within a very specific market" (Langer 2004: 255). Consumption appears to have become a necessary and indispensable context in which children develop, but it is not sufficient in itself. From the perspective of anthropology, it is thus important to study how exactly children construct their social belongings and understandings when much of their material world is commercially branded. Detailed ethnographic analysis can demonstrate how commercially imposed meaning blends with children's everyday talk and practice, possibly supporting current forms of consumer capitalism and its globalizing hegemony (Cook 2004: 151).


The most recent laser system at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory is ''Shiva'' (peak power, over 2 x 10/sup 13/ W). The goal of Shiva is to demonstrate significant thermonuclear burn by isentropic compression of the deuterium/tritium target to more than 1,000 times its normal liquid density. Isentropic compression requires a shaped laser pulse, carefully controlled irradiation of the target, and high laser power and energy. Therefore, Shiva has been designed to deliver focusable energy of more than 10 kJ within less than 1 nsec. The main elements of the Shiva laser system are a master oscillator, 20 separate laser amplifier chains mounted on a space frame, and an isolated target chamber. The Shiva laser system is controlled by a net of computers. Each of the four major laser sections (power conditioning, alignment, beam diagnostics, and target diagnostics) is interfaced to sets of first-level microprocessors. These are, in turn, connected to a second-level minicomputer associated with each laser section. A top-level computer connected to the four minicomputers will provide overall integrated control.


and performed well on the condition where a quantificational NP was used as a potential antecedent of a pronoun. The crucial difference between the two conditions is the fact that, in some contexts, a pronoun can be construed as coreferent with a proper noun that c-commands it in its governing category. A variety of cases where a pronoun corefers with a c-commanding referential NP were famously discussed in Evans (1980). In contrast, a pronoun cannot corefer with a c-commanding quantificational NP because the latter does not pick out a referent. However, Chien & Wexler's (1999) finding that there is an asymmetry in children's performance on the quantificational vs. referential NP conditions has not been replicated in more recent experiments. Thus Elbourne (2005) presents a summary of experiments (Lombardi & Sarma (1989), Boster (1991)) in which children did equally poorly on the quantificational NP and referential NP antecedent conditions. At the same time, there is evidence suggesting that 5-6-year-olds do not yet have the correct semantics of the quantifier every. Thus it was found that children treat "every N" as a simple plural (Roeper et al, in press) and that they do not respect constraints on the movement of every (Coles-White, de Villiers & Roeper, 2004). All of these experimental findings cast doubt on the idea that the asymmetry between children's poor performance on the referential NP condition and their superior performance on the quantificational NP condition that was found in Chien & Wexler's (1999) experiment can be taken as evidence to the effect that 5-6-year-old English-speaking children obey Principle B. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In sections 2 and 3, I briefly summarize Thornton & Wexler's (1999) and Reinhart's (2004) accounts of children's Principle B delay, respectively. In section 4, I propose an account of why adults compute the disjoint reference reading in "regular" Principle B contexts (henceforth B contexts) and of what forces the coreference reading in contexts that I will dub Exceptional Coreference contexts. In section 5, I summarize acquisition predictions of each of the accounts in question. In section 6, I discuss the experiment on B-contexts and Exceptional Coreference contexts. Section 7 is the conclusion.


This essay was prepared for presentation as a lecture to the Hoover Institution. In it, I focus on three areas in which the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act, popularly known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), has proven especially problematic. First, the legal ethics rules added to the Act at the last minute have proven incapable of dealing with the incentives that condition lawyers to turn a blind eye to client misconduct. Second, the structure Congress chose for the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), the accounting oversight board created by SOX, turns out to have serious constitutional defects. Finally, and most importantly, corporate compliance costs have gone up far more than anyone anticipated and are staying up far longer than even Cassandra might have predicted. Worse yet, these costs disproportionately impact smaller public corporations, which are an important engine of economic growth. Taken together, these three areas of concern highlight why Congress should think twice before trying instant legislation in the future.


ABSTRACT This study sought to examine the relationship between perception of parents' marriage, marital satisfaction, and attachment behaviors. Participants included 521 married couples taken from the RELATE project. Gender differences were found between husbands and wives perception of parents' marriage and marital satisfaction. Results also indicated that attachment behaviors were positively and significantly related to increased martial satisfaction for both husbands and wives. Additionally, attachment behaviors moderated the relationship between perception of parents' marriage and marital satisfaction. When perception of parents' marriage was negative but attachment behaviors were high, marital satisfaction increased. These findings underscore the importance attachment behaviors play in married relationships. Clinical implications and future research are discussed.


I examined how the performance of Castilleja wightii (Scrophulariaceae), a generalist root parasite, is affected by the availability of different combinations of host species. In this greenhouse study, I focused on pairs of hosts consisting of either two leguminous host individuals (Lupinus arboreus; Fabaceae), two non-nitrogen-fixing hosts (Eriophyllum stachaedifolium; Asteraceae), or one individual of each of these species. Castilleja growth and reproductive performance were greatly improved by the simultaneous attack of two distinct host species, even though Castilleja grown with two Lupinus hosts had significantly higher nitrogen content. Different combinations of host species also strongly affected the growth of aphid colonies feeding on the Castilleja used in this experiment. Across all treatments, the growth of aphid colonies was positively correlated with the nitrogen content of the parasitic plants, which, in turn depended on the combination of hosts attacked. Aphid colonies feeding on parasites ...


There is significant interest in developing evolutionary techniques to train ensembles of agents to solve problems that are too broad or too complex for a single monolithic agent to solve. In this paper we compare the performance of an ensemble approach based on the idea of Orthogonal Evolution of Teams (OET) to Island and Team techniques. Unlike Island or Team approaches, OET explicitly places evolutionary pressure on both the ensemble members and on the ensemble as a whole. Our results show that this leads to more balanced solutions with agents that have fitnesses comparable to those evolved independently that also cooperate well. Additionally, we show that there are clear efficiency trade-offs between population size and ensemble size when the number of evaluations is fixed.


Personal characteristics are described in the article - such as personality traits, instrumental motivation, cognitive skills, expertise, and interpersonal skills, which help explain why some people exhibit significant creative production and others not, even when environmental conditions are favorable. Factors of the educational environment that influence creative expression are also presented, signaling criticism of the school for not nurturing creativity, although there is a growing recognition of the need to contemplate the development of the ability to create. Strategies that favor and promote the development of the creative potential to be implemented by the teacher are also pointed out.


The results of measuring chemical and hydrobiological indices of wastewater in real conditions of the sewage treatment plant of DP "Chernihivvodokanal» (Ukraine) were analyzed, and coefficients of correlation between phosphates concentration after biological purification of wastewater and the hydrobiological indices were calculated. It was established that the informativeness of indices as for the quality of the process of water purification from phosphates decreases in the series: the number of the hydrobiont species CSW – silt volume – the silt index – silt dose; correlation coefficients vary from К cor. =–0,39381 to К cor. =–0,0485. Using the method of fluctuation smoothing with the help of SMA – simple moving average – we identified the trend: the influence of season on the number of hydrobionts and phosphates concentration in wastewater. A change in phosphates concentration in the wastewater purified by biological way occurs mainly simultaneously in antiphase to the change in the number of hydrobiont species, characteristic for satisfactory performance of silt. The use of obtained data allows giving preference in the analysis of the course of the process to one or several indices that would contribute to operational control of purification process.


The role of parents is needed for children's development. However, early marriage can affect the nutritional status of children born and growing so that they become stunted . The study was conducted with a study design crossectional. The research respondents were fertile age couples (PUS) in Sleman, Gunung Kidul and Bantul regencies with 210 respondents. Selection of three districts is based on high early marriage rates. The results showed that there were still many young couples and adult couples who had not sent their children to PAUD and family participation in BKB activities was still very low in addition to fulfilling the essential needs of infants not yet optimal. In addition, it was found that there were no significant differences between the growth of toddlers from young couples with toddlers from adult couples. Under five conditions measured by body weight per age, height per age, and body weight per height showed the same conditions between young toddlers and toddlers from adult couples. However, there are significant differences in the development of toddlers between young couples with adult partners, where toddlers from adult couples have better gross motor skills. Cross-sector commitments namely BKKBN through the Efforts of Toddler Development, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, as well as strengthening Primary Health Care and Posyandu are very necessary to overcome this problem. Keywords: development of toddlers; couples of childbearing age; young couple; adult couples


Many physicians refuse to treat Jehovah Witnesses (JW) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for fear of treatment related death. Treatment generally necessitates transfusion support due to severe and prolonged pancytopenia caused by standard induction and consolidation chemotherapy regimens. Because JW will not accept blood products, these patients are being denied treatment. Treating a JW with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) incurs much less risk than treating those with AML. ALL and APL are very sensitive to non-myelosuppressive drugs, therefore treatment can be initiated with vincristine and prednisone with or without Lasparaginase or all-trans retinoic acid respectively until blood counts have recovered and standard therapy can proceed. For this reason, we will be focusing on the treatment of JW with AML. Standard treatment of AML begins with remission induction chemotherapy aimed at the rapid eradication of acute leukemic clones. Induction chemotherapy usually consists of cytarabine 100 mg/m/day on days 1–7 and either idarubicin 12 mg/m/day or daunorubicin 45 mg/m/day on days 1–3. A patient is considered to be in complete remission when peripheral blood counts return to normal and there are less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow with none of the leukemic phenotype. It is known that there are still residual, undetected leukemic cells that result in a relapse if further consolidation therapy is not administered. A patient's cytogenetics and other prognostic factors determines the form of consolidation therapy, which could be 2–4 cycles of cytarabine or an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. During the first cycle of induction chemotherapy, patients with AML are given an average of 10.8 red blood cell transfusions and 8.5 platelet transfusions during a period of about 30 days [1] leading physicians to believe that a JW could not survive treatment without the ability to transfuse. In the literature, only 21 cases have been reported on the treatment of AML in JW. Here we report our experience treating JW without blood followed by a brief literature review to demonstrate the ability and relative success in treating these patients. JW believe that once blood has been removed from the body, it should be disposed of and not returned. This proscription applies to red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma. However, the decision to accept minor blood fractions (albumin, cryoprecipitate, clotting factors), organs and stem cells are up to the individual congregant. Until recently, JW patients were not being offered bloodless autologous stem cell transplants (ASCT) for fear that they could not survive treatment. We treated our first JW with a bloodless autologous stem cell transplant successfully 9 years ago. We have completed the largest published series of bloodless ASCT, with only two mortalities related to profound anemia of the sixty patients [2]. To support our patients during pancytopenia, we have derived a bloodless schema aimed at supporting patients through severe anemia and thrombocytopenia (see Figure 1). After establishing a bloodless ASCT program, we have learned that patients can survive extreme pancytopenia. We do not believe that the inability to transfuse for anemia and thrombocytopenia represents an absolute contraindication to starting induction chemotherapy. The strategies used in our


An approach to the modification of the compactly supported radial basis functions (RBFs) is proposed and used to simulate the wave propagation in an anisotropic laminate. The correlative matrixes and the procedures of solution are presented in the paper. Three examples simulating wave propagation in isotropic and anisotropic plates are used in the paper to verify this method. The stress wave propagation histories in the examples are obtained. The comparison is also made between the results by this method and the results by finite element method. The good agreement shows that this method can be used to simulate the wave propagation history in anisotropic material efficiently.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at increased risk for cardiac death and respiratory failure following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Platelets are crucially involved in pathogenesis of CAD and might also contribute to pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Approach and Results: We enrolled a cohort of 122 participants from February 2020 to July 2020 including 55 patients with preexisting CAD and acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (CAD-SARS-CoV-2positive), 28 patients with CAD and without SARS-CoV-2 (CAD-SARS-CoV-2negative), and 39 healthy controls. Clinical and cardiac examination of the CAD-SARS-CoV-2positive group included blood sampling, echocardiography, and electrocardiography within 24 hours after hospital admission. Phenotyping of platelets was performed by flow cytometry; plasma levels of chemokines were analyzed by ELISA. Respiratory failure of patients was stratified by the Horovitz index as moderately/severely impaired when Horovitz index <200 mm Hg. The clinical end point was defined as Horovitz index <200 mm Hg with subsequent mechanical ventilation within a follow-up of 60 days. CAD-SARS-CoV-2positive patients display a significant enhanced platelet activation and hyper-inflammation early at time of hospital admission. Circulating platelet/leukocyte co-aggregates correlate with plasma levels of cytokines/chemokines like IL (interleukin)-6, CCL2, and CXCL10 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand) as well as activation of platelets is associated with CCL5 and elevation of pulmonary artery pressure. Furthermore, furin is stored and released from activated platelets. High furin plasma levels are associated with poor clinical prognosis in CAD-SARS-CoV-2positive patients. Conclusions: Patients with CAD and SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit elevated systemic platelet activation and enhanced plasma levels of the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase furin, which may contribute to an unfavorable clinical prognosis.


This research seeks to see how the public's attitude towards the infobnn_prov_kalteng social media Instagram account currently has a total of 11,500 followers, with responses in the form of comments and likes on average still below 100 for each post uploaded. The purpose of this study was to examine how much influence content marketing carried out by Central Kalimantan BNNP Public Relations on Instagram and other social media has had on public attitudes. In this study, the samples taken were followers of Instagram account infobnn_prov_kalteng, which has 266 followers. The research methodology used is quantitative and analyzed with Data Analysis Techniques: Descriptive analysis and PLS SEM analysis with Smart Pls 3.0 tools. The results of the study show that the role of online engagement is very important (76%). An important research implication is that content marketing has a positive and significant effect on public attitudes through online engagement. This has the implication that if the Central Kalimantan BNNP admin maintains the quality of the content and regularly posts by creating interesting content, the public will receive a positive response.


The session of the Audio Visual Commission on 22 June 2015 was entitled Sound Recordings and Digital Libraries, chaired by Andrew Justice (Associate Head Music Librarian, University of North Texas, Denton, TX). The first paper was by Jeremy Allen Smith (Special Collections Librarian and Curator of the James R. and Susan Neumann Jazz Collection, Oberlin Conservatory, Oberlin, OH) on "Music Has Its Destiny: On Collecting Audio in a Digital Age." This presentation explored the history and evolving discourses around notions of collecting and the relationship between audio collectors and music special collections libraries. With an emphasis on the unique issues surrounding born-digital and digitized audio, Smith addressed the ramifications of what has been termed "post-material" cultural production for the ongoing library work of preserving and providing access to recorded sound. Private collectors, long playing an influential role in determining the holdings of audio archives and music special collections libraries, can be partly understood as demonstrating a practical strategy for librarians in building efficient collections. This approach also recognizes that individual collectors often have the ability to develop unique expertise and collections in highly specific areas that would not otherwise be accessible to institutionally-based librarians with wide-ranging responsibilities. Traditionally, audio collectors have necessarily focused on physical formats from across the twentieth century, including wax cylinders, 78s, LPs, and CDs. However, in a digital age where audio is more commonly accessed by streaming and downloads, what happens to collectors? Instead of building collections fueled by the thrill of the hunt, passion for scarce material items, cultural preservation, obsession, or completism, the digital age makes us question whether it is even possible collect that which does not exist as a physical object. Smith presented five observations of what it means to identify as an audio collector in an era where abundance replaces scarcity and streaming access substitutes for physical formats: * Access, sharing and participating become more important than owning * Music as product versus music as service; collecting lists instead of objects * Broad communication of best practices for digital preservation is even more essential * The tactile cannot be replaced * The thrill of the hunt lives on, but through obscure corners of the internet; since we still like to access audio content, the future holdings of audio archives and music libraries will be affected An extensive discussion followed Smith's presentation, with specific focus on list (and hence metadata) collecting, digital preservation best practices, and the age-old question of how music libraries can continue to collect nonphysical sound recordings. The second paper was presented by Andrew Justice (Associate Head Music Librarian, University of North Texas, Denton, TX) on "So Many Bits, It Hertz: Digital Recordings and Sound Quality." Addressing the question of sound quality in digital recordings, Justice began with the histories and attributes of various digital sound platforms: Compact Discs, digital tape, and file formats. Focusing on compression, the attributes of uncompressed, losslessly compressed, and lossy compressed files were explained, along with major examples of each type. Emphasizing the importance of listening, examples of the same extracted section at various levels of compression were provided for side-by-side comparison: Michael Jackson's song "Wanna Be Startin' Somethin' " from 1982's Thriller album, the opening to the scherzo from Minnesota Orchestra's 2013 Grammy Award[TM]-winning recording of Sibelius' first symphony, and Moment's Notice from John Coltrane's 1957 album Blue Train (1997 remaster). Justice then turned to streaming services like Spotify, Pandora, Naxos, and YouTube, presenting information about file type and bitrate taken from the services' websites; a noticeable lack of sound quality and/or vague language about it from the providers themselves warrants further consideration. …


Little is known about whether commercial e-learning portals (CELPs) in language learning are worth the investments made and the role of pedagogy surrounding CELP use is poorly elaborated. The present study surveyed 20 primary school (grades 2-6) teachers in Singapore with prior CELP experience. The results showed teachers were supportive of CELPs but were unsure of what to do or why in some cases. The teachers also raised concerns about the technology used and the potential of the material provided to promote critical thinking. In response, the paper recommends ways in which teachers' capabilities with CELPs can be increased. Particular attention is paid to a design-based approach to ICT usage that identifies the unique benefits of electronic media. The paper ends with a recommendation for a full-scale study into the use of CELPs and the planning involved in using them to adjust curriculum to accommodate students' ever-changing needs and interests.


Underground Gas Reservoir (UGS) is one of the important types of reservoirs which after depletion, a significant amount of gas will inject into the reservoir. Then, in winter and in emergency cases, the stored gas will transfer to consumption centers. Here, forecasting of gas production rate will play an important role to discover when the reservoir will be depleted and, how much stored gas amount will be then injected. The forecasting procedure of UGS highly depends on affecting factors such as pressure, gas in place, bulk volume and etc. Due to complexity and non-linearity manner of input and output variables, an intelligent data driven modeling procedure is useful to apply. In this paper, therefore, a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network is applied to predict the production rate. Also, a time series model is conducted to predict time based variables. The results show a 99 percent of accuracy which demonstrate superiority of the proposed approach over existing traditional models.


Changes in consumer behavior in accessing information in the digitalization era have become a challenge for radio broadcaster RRI Medan to maintain its existence. Therefore, communication management needs to innovate and develop effective communication strategies to stay relevant and interesting to listeners. This research was conducted to determine the communication strategy of broadcaster RRI Medan in maintaining its existence in the digitalization era. This type of research is descriptive qualitative which aims to explain and describe. Researchers use content analysis in analyzing data. The data analysis used in this study is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Radio conveys information and instructions to its listeners quickly, or it can be said that it is also delivered directly. Having a good communication strategy as well as interesting content really helps radio in maintaining its existence in society. In addition, Broadcasters are the spearhead for broadcast radio. The research results show that. RRI Medan also makes it easier for listeners to listen to broadcasts through the RRI play go application and other internet access. In this effort, RRI Medan can maintain its existence in the digitalization era


Xiang Bengui is a famous contemporary writer of Miao nationality in our country.His local novels not only persist realism creation spirit faithfully,attend to engrave real and credible character image and describe splendid life trivia,but also exert himself in local characteristic exaggeration,and attend to put the description of the rich local custom and folk and nationality's a esthetic interest together,thus have presented his own obvious creative individuality,and displayed the high artistic personal status.


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Editor,

We report a case of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) of the epiglottis in a pregnant lady who presented with stridor. It is very rare for stridor caused by laryngeal KS to be the initial presentation of HIV infection in a pregnant patient that has not been previously reported.


To study the prevalence of patients fulfilling the clinical consensus criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in a dementia population followed up with postmortem examination. To compare the clinical and neuropathological findings in the clinical Lewy body dementia (LBD) group with findings in a clinically defined group with Alzheimer's disease (AD).


Objective: To investigate the change of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis(RVVC) pathogenic strains and sensitivity.Method: From Aug.2009 to Jun.2010 in our hospital,105 cases of patients with gynecological clinic RVVC,while taking the first 402 cases suffering from vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC) as control group,comparison of two groups of pathogenic bacteria strain changes and drug sensitivity.Result: Two groups compared RVVC pathogenic strains non-white candida ratio of 15.2% and VVC pathogenic strains of non-white candida ratio of 8.2%,There was statistically significant difference(P0.05);two groups pathogenic strains of in vitro drug sensitivity test,non-white candida albicans resistance to white candida albicans than increased,but there's no statistical significance(P0.05).Conclusion: RVVC pathogenic strains of non-white candida albicans increased markedly,possibly one of the causes recurrent seizures,but no significant resistance to antifungal agents.


This paper presents a low voltage and low-power CMOS low noise amplifier for 3–5 GHz ultra-wideband receivers. The proposed LNA cascades two common source amplifiers leading to perform high gain while using low supply voltage. In addition, the LNA input network includes a combination of high pass filtering structure with inductive degeneration technique to achieve a wideband input matching with low noise figure. Using a 0.18 μm CMOS technology, simulation results show a power gain S21 better than 18 dB with noise figure below 2.7 dB in the frequency range of 3–5 GHz. The return losses S11 and S22 are better than −10 dB and −11 dB, respectively. All achieved results are obtained while consuming 2.1-mW from a 0.6-V supply voltage.


18 LLE Review, Volume 93 Introduction Hydrodynamic instabilities put severe constraints on target designs for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments.1,2 A large number of papers published over the last 30 years have been dedicated to the study of the seeding and subsequent growth of the hydrodynamic instabilities that develop during the shell implosion.3 A particularly large effort (both theoretical and experimental) has been directed to understanding the growth rate of the dominant hydrodynamic instability—the Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability.4 The RT instability inevitably occurs in systems where the heavier fluid is accelerated by the lighter fluid. Such conditions arise during the shell compression in ICF implosions, where the heavier shell material is accelerated by the lighter blowoff plasma.1 The RT-instability growth amplifies the shell distortions seeded by initial surface roughness and laser nonuniformities (laser "imprint"). Grown to substantial amplitudes, the shell nonuniformities reduce the shell ρR and the neutron yield. Fortunately for ICF implosions, the thermal conduction that drives the ablation process creates several stabilizing effects that reduce both the nonuniformity seeding and the RT-growth rates.3 Indeed, seeding due to the laser nonuniformity is determined by how quickly the plasma atmosphere is created around the imploding shell. The laser radiation is absorbed at some distance from the cold shell. The larger this distance (the conduction zone), the larger the smoothing effect5 of the thermal conductivity within the conduction zone and the smaller the laser imprint. The stabilization of the RT modes is also due to the thermal conductivity that drives the mass ablation of the shell material. The ablation process is characterized by the ablation velocity Va, which is defined as the ratio of the mass ablation rate to the shell density, V m a = ̇ . ρsh The larger the value of the ablation velocity, the larger the ablative stabilization.3 Taking thermal smoothing and ablative stabilization into account, one can make a general statement that the higher the initial intensity of the drive laser pulse, the smaller the nonuniformities and the more stable the implosion. Indeed, the higher intensity tends to create the conduction zone in shorter time, reducing the laser imprint. In addition, the initial shock launched by the higher-intensity pulse is stronger, resulting in larger shock preheat. This reImproved Performance of Direct-Drive ICF Target Designs with Adiabat Shaping Using an Intensity Picket