This thesis explores the nature of the ego, drawing upon Christian and secular conceptions, in order to determine whether it is something to be affirmed or denied. Contemporary perspectives which either overvalue the individual self, or retort by refuting it, are questioned in the light of psychology, spirituality and Christian doctrine. I have been vexed by the existence of two seemingly opposing views within Christian popular culture. Those who look to the mystical tradition, the Spirituality of the Desert, claim that self-denial is the path to spiritual enlightenment and discovery of the true self; the ego is a false self. By contrast, the world of psychology endorses the merits of a healthy ego. Accordingly, psychology has made a significant contribution to pastoral theology and the life of church communities, especially in relation to personality dynamics. I seek to overcome this dichotomy through a broadening of our understanding of the self and adoption of the notion of personhood arising from a theological anthropology, which includes a relational understanding of imago Dei, Christological kenosis and the social doctrine of the Trinity. Findings are related to the paradoxical demand of Christian discipleship, encapsulated by Jesus' teaching that his followers must lose themselves in order to be save themselves. The thesis concludes with a more practical turn, applying the insights of the earlier psychology and spirituality chapters, to assess tools for daily life for enhancing emotional and spiritual intelligence, which are taken as interdependent. The goal is for the ego to become servant, not master. The overall approach is a theoretical interdisciplinary one, drawing on the perspectives of philosophy, sociology, psychology, spirituality and theology, in order to gain a comprehensive picture of the ego. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement.


Non-government higher education in Henan Province is facing with a great opportunity for development.In order to meet the social and economic needs,as well as people's need for higher education,we should size up the situation with a scientific outlook on development,and vigorously promote the development of Henan's Non-goernment higher education.In so doing,the government's fiscal burden be reduced,and a sustainable,sound and coordinated development of higher education in Henan Province be guaranteed.


Radio frequency identification (RFID) is gaining significant interest from the aircraft manufacturing industry. It has become an increasingly recognized technology, with its real time tracking ability at a much greater level of accuracy, and provides more value across a supply network. RFID-enabled technology with an associated system structure has emerged to provide solutions which apparently close the gap between the physical flow of materials and the information flow in the production system. As manufacturing supply chains rapidly enter the virtual world of the networked RFID system, their information systems are sharing the fundamental information that require intelligent tracking and tracing performance. This paper discusses broad issues inherent in aircraft parts manufacturing with various applications including regulatory and quality requirements, production planning and control, product traceability, inventory management, and also labor productivity. A theoretical model with generic RFID framework is presented. The framework is then applied to an aircraft part manufacturing process with associated decision cost factors as a case study.


Summary
1. We conducted an experimental study of predation by benthivorous fish on a natural community of stream invertebrates using a reach-scale approach. Over a 2-year period (experimental phase), the benthic invertebrate community of a stretch containing two species of benthivorous fish was compared with a fishless stretch. Thereafter, all fish were removed and benthic community structure was analysed again to account for natural differences between the two stretches (reference phase).

2. Benthivorous fish at the moderate densities investigated did not affect total benthic biomass or density, but did alter species composition. In addition, the fish effect differed between pool and riffle habitats, with larger effects in the pools indicating a habitat-specific predation effect. In the reference phase, when all fish were removed from the stream, the difference between the two stretches was reduced.

3. The benthivorous fish reduced the densities of four taxa (Pisidium sp., Dugesia gonocephala, Gammarus pulex, Limoniidae), representing 29% of total biomass. It is possible that density reductions of other species were masked by prey migration despite the relatively large spatial scale. Indeed, higher drift activity in the upstream fishless stretch could have increased the density of Baetis rhodani in the fish stretch, as indicated by the results of a drift model.

4. Our results provide insights into stream food web ecology because fish predation showed effects even in a natural system where habitat complexity was high, environmental factors were highly variable and many predator and prey species interacted and because benthivorous fish were the focus, whereas the majority of previous predation experiments in streams have used drift-feeding trout.


Tourism is often seen as an industry with the ability to facilitate development. In the Nordic countries, interest has been pointed towards its ability to maintain viability in rural areas in an era of decline in primary industries. Since nature is one of the most distinct attractions of Norway, as well as the main attraction of most rural areas, nature-based tourism is particularly interesting in this context. As a contribution to the lacking research on the supply-side of nature-based tourism, this article seeks to contribute to the understanding of the role of nature-based tourism as a tool for rural development. The main purpose was to map the direct local value creation through tracking of income and profit leakages. Additionally, an attempt of explaining the found difference was performed through analyses of certain aspects of the businesses. The average Norwegian nature-based tourism operator was found to give a local value creation of 39% of their turnover. The large variation (SD = 44%) was found to be affected more by the overall economic performance of the businesses than by the amount of direct leakages, since direct leakages were overall quite low both when it came to investors and to employees. Maintaining year-round activity and improving product quality was found to be important ways of achieving more robust businesses. Results also indicate that well-organized systems for cooperation and marketing can improve the overall performance of the industry.


Task-based measures of image quality (IQ) quantify the ability of an observer to perform a specific task. Such measures are employed for assessing and optimizing medical imaging systems. Although the Bayesian ideal observer is optimal by definition, it is frequently both non-linear and intractable. In such cases, linear observers are commonly employed. However, the optimal linear observer, the Hotelling observer (HO), becomes intractable when considering large images. Channelized methods have become popular for reducing the dimensionality of image data. In this work, we propose a novel method for determining efficient channels by learning them with autoencoders (AEs). Autoencoders are neural networks that can be employed to learn concise representations of data, frequently for the purposes of reducing dimensionality. We trained several AEs to encode task-specific information by modifying the standard loss function and examined the effect of hidden layer size and the use of tied/untied weights on the resulting representation accuracy. Subsequently, HOs were applied to both the original images and the dimensionality-reduced versions of them produced by the AEs. It was demonstrated that, for a suitable specification of the AE, the performance of the HO was relatively unaffected by the encoding of the image. However, the computational cost of inverting the covariance matrix was greatly reduced when the HO was applied with the encoded data due to its reduced dimensionality. Our findings suggest that AEs may represent an attractive alternative to the use of heuristic channels for reducing the dimensionality of image data when seeking to accurately approximate the performance of the HO on signal detection tasks.


By studying the resonant tunneling of electrons through self-assembled ring-shaped (InGa)As quantum dots embedded in the quantum well of an $(\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{Ga})\mathrm{As}∕\mathrm{Ga}\mathrm{As}∕(\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{Ga})\mathrm{As}$ heterostructure, we find evidence for the existence of excited states of the quantum dots which exhibit a $2{p}_{z}$-like character along the growth direction $z$. The states are investigated by magnetotunneling spectroscopy with magnetic fields applied parallel and perpendicular to $z$.


Current seismic design procedures for cold -formed steel frame/wood panel (CFSFWP) shear walls utilise force-based approaches, which are recognised as having a number of shortcomings. To assist in the realization of an alternative Direct Displacement-Based seismic Design (DDBD) methodology for CFSFWP shear walls, recommendations for the equivalent viscous damping, EVD, and the design displacement profile of CFSFWP shear wall systems are provided in this paper. The EVD expression is proposed using the results of an established calibration procedure in which numerous non-linear time history (NLTH) analyses are undertaken for different SDOF systems. The results of NLTH analyses of a 3-storey case study building indicate that the design procedure is very promising and therefore future research will look to further develop and test the approach.


Wavefront coding (WFC) is kind of computational imaging technique that controls misfocus and misfocus-related aberrations of optical systems by appending a specially designed phase distribution to the pupil function. This technology has been applied in many fields to increase the performance or/and reduce the cost of imaging systems. The application of WFC technology on an off-axis three-mirror anastigmatic (TMA) system has been proposed in our previous work. In this letter, we describe the alignment, the imaging experiment and image restoration of an actual TMA system with WFC technology. 2014 中文 Optics Letters.


Program Goals: The project purpose was to develop effective vaping prevention education resources in collaboration with students and the community. The goal was to develop specifically tailored educational presentations via working with a middle school student organization and substance abuse counselor in a school district that serves primarily low income and minority students. Evaluation: As part of a residency advocacy rotation in Fall 2016, I worked in a school district with a steadily increasing number of students caught vaping, with strong demand from community leaders for youth-focused …


Background: The purpose of acuity assessment, triage, in the emergency department is to recognize critically ill patients and to allocate resources. The Emergency Severity Index (ESI) is used widely around the world and has been shown to be at least as good as other 5-level assessment instruments. In this study, we assess validity of the ESI triage system in a Finnish Emergency department for predicting 30-day mortality as primary outcome and hospital admissions, high dependency unit or intensive care unit admissions as secondary outcomes, and efficiency for predicting emergency department length-of-stay and utilized resources as secondary outcomes. Methods: We collected data of all adult patient visits to the emergency department during a one-month period. The data was analyzed for the primary and secondary outcomes stratified by age: younger adults (18-64 years), older adults (65-79 years) and oldest old (>80 years). Results: Of the 5909 visits, 5511 were eligible for analysis, 2725 of them men. Median age was 59 years; 30-day mortality was 150 (2.7%). In all age groups, 30-day mortality was consecutively higher with statistical significance between each step from between categories 1 to 3. There were 2274 admissions, 190 of the to HDU or ICU.  Hospital admission rates were significantly higher between each step between categories 2 to 4 for all adults. HDU/ICU admissions were higher in category 2 than in category 3 in all age groups. Resource utilization was higher in category 3 than in category 4; categories 4 and 5 differed only in the younger adult group. Most patients in categories 4 and 5 required ≥2 and 0 resource, respectively. Median length of stay at the emergency department was 3h 47min. For all patients ED-LOS varied without linearity; LOS was longest in category 3 in all age groups. Conclusions: ESI seems to be a valid tool for acuity assessment in all age groups in our population: it recognized severely ill patients by predicting mortality and hospital admissions in the higher triage categories in all age groups. Having failed to predict both resource consumption and ED-LOS, ESI was not associated with efficiency in our population.


In this paper, a new broadband waveguide-based power divider has been presented in W-band. With a symmetric waveguide-based structure, this proposed divider has properties of low loss, wide band, symmetrically power dividing, good output isolation and good heat dissipation. In the whole W-band (75110GHz), the 3D EM simulation results show that, the return loss is less than -17dB; between the outputs, the magnitude difference is less than 0.05dB, while the phase difference less than 0.45 degree; and the isolation between the outputs is more than 11dB and the maximum isolation, 15.5dB, is occurred at 90GHz. The new waveguide divider will be widely used in W-band wideband high power combing systems.


'Active citizenship' is a concept currently used in the supranational educational policy of the European Union. While alluding to a potential to promote democracy and human rights this policy seems ...


Use of soil tillage tool in agricultural field wants for soil failure. Behavior of soil failure: soil deformation and soil failure depend on soil properties and action force method. The subsoiler used to change the depth of soil from the surface to the ground breaking into a small block. The objective of this research was to determine soil flow pattern around the subsoiler type curved leg used computational fluid dynamics and to study soil fracture and soil movement of subsoiler type curved leg. Simulations carried out using ANSYS Fluent 14.0 commercial CFD software. The computational fluid dynamics used predict the soil flow through subsoiler type curved leg at subsoiler operating speed constant. For a subsoiler speed of 1.02 m s, with operating at 400 mm depth, rake angle of 30°. The results show, the soil failure is lateral deformation of subsoiler and soil movement on the surface of rake angle.


Recently, the burden of coronary events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has increased with a high recurrence rate and mortality. The management of blood lipid levels in patients with ACS is challenging under the current treatment mode. Based on practice experience of domestic specialists and the reference of international clinical practice, together with the evidence of lipid lowering in patients with ACS, this expert consensus proposes suggestions targeting lipid-lowering interventions, commonly used lipid-lowering drugs, and the clinical pathway of lipid management in patients with ACS. This work aims to standardize the lipid management and reduce the recurrence risk of cardiovascular events in patients with ACS.


A stock Exchange is a market where securities are traded. Every day, billions are traded at various stock exchanges across the world. In recent years prediction of movement of stock market is regarded as fascinating and has created a demand in financial market time series prediction. A precise forecasting of equity market is needed to provide higher returns for investors. Since there is high complexity in predicting stock market profits, developing models for it becomes difficult. The data mining and machine learning techniques has played an important role in Prediction of stock market movement. This study attempted to develop a deep learning model using Recurrent Neural Network for forecasting movement in the National Stock Exchange of India's benchmark broad based stock market index(NIFTY 50) for the Indian equity market. In this paper the NIFTY 50 index and INFYOSYS Ltd historical data from Yahoo finance companies has been selected for forecasting and analysis.


The study aimed to describe the role of the church in the organized protest movements in the provinces of Agusan from 1950-2000. It used the historical research design to analyze the primary documents that determined the goals, objectives, and programs of the protest movements. It described the type of organization and membership as well as the type of protest actions articulated by the participants which were validated through an actual interview of the participants. The study revealed that the role of the church was mainly evangelization in the light of its teachings to holistically transform the people into becoming more vigilant to the social issues confronting themy. This was supported by the different programs that were the end results of Vatican II concretized in the grassroots level through the creation of the different sectoral organizations. The programs and objectives of these groups affected the peoples' level of awareness that set them in motion to organize and unite to find measures to articulate change. The study concluded that the role of the church to organize protest was to convey to the people of God their responsibility to themselves, their families, and their respective communities. It, therefore, suggested that the church continue to provide a venue for the marginalized people to express their concerns; to keep initiating and supporting programs to mobilize people for social transformation; and to maintain its stand to act as the conscience of the society which should not be misconstrued as meddling in the affairs of the state.


This paper presents some recent research findings on the aviation team processes and how they are trained. The focus is on cockpit crews for the following reasons: most of the teamwork research has been done with cockpit crews; and, much of what is being learned with cockpit crews is being adapted to other teams. First, theoretical developments are addressed, with a background review of team process research, a rationale for the importance of this research to aviation teams, and an overview of some research for identifying team processes in aviation environments. This is followed by a section where the measurement of those processes and the progress made in measurement tool development are discussed. Some strategies for training teamwork are explained and a short discussion is provided of some major trends in aviation team training research.


The term aero-osteolysis has been used to describe a diverse group of disorders in which lysis of the bone of the distal extremities is an outstanding feature. A sporadic case of Hajdu-Cheney syndrome with interesting roentgenologic features is described here. A 15-year-old Cameroonian woman was seen because of a generalized pustular skin disease that she had caught 8 months before. She had no previous personal or family medical history. The patient was a healthy woman of normal weight (51 kg) and height (159 em). She had diffuse hyperpigmented macules associated with juvenile acne. The face showed flared nostrils and coarse features. The most striking physical abnormality was shortening of the fingers, broadening of the distal phalanges with a curvature of the nails of the 2nd and 3th fingers which resembled clubbing. Similar but less marked changes could be observed in the toes. These changes had not been present during childhood, and had progressed slightly. No neurologic abnormalities were seen. Routine hematologic and blood chemical tests as well as 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, HIV and syphilis serologies were normal. Nasal scrapings for Mycobacterium leprae were negative. Radiography of hands and feet showed resorption of the distal end of the terminal phalanges, the middle phalange of the 5th right finger and in the 1st phalange of the 4th, 5th left and 5th right toes (Figure). Radiography of the skull showed a moderate a.p. lengthening with persistent separation of the sutures. The enlargement of the sella turcica seen on radiography was not confirmed by CT. Dental alveolysis was also observed. Radiography of the thoracic and lumbar spine showed moderate demineralization without vertebral collapse. The aero-osteolysis described by HAJDU & KAUNTZE (4) and CHENEY (I) is a generalized osseous dysplasia in which the lytic process in the digits is most striking. Short stature, osteoporosis, premature loss of teeth and a distinctive facial appearance are also features. A few cases have been described in the literature, with approximately equal sex incidence (2, 3). There are 4 main features of this syndrome. Aero-osteolysis usually begins in the first decade and affects the distal phalanges of hands and feet, in some exceptional cases involving metacarpals and metatarsals (5). It is sometimes associated with an abnormal nail curvature in digits with osteolytic lesions, described as "clubbing", probably due to shortening of the distal phalanges (3). Skull abnormalities include a persistent separation of the sutures with Wormian bone formation, platybasia, sellar elongation but normal endocrine function. There is a distinctive facial appearance with thick and straight hair with prominent eyebrows and lashes. The Copyright © Acta Radiologica /994


Background: this research aims to present a typology of logistics service pro viders (LSPs) based on the level of their innovativeness. It also attempts to exam-ine whether particular generations of LSPs significantly differ from one another in terms of the undertaken innovative activities. Methods: the data were collected through interviews of 55 managers in the logistics service sector. In the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. The level of innovation activity was measured by the number of implementations, taking into account a division between product, process, marketing, and organi sational innovations. To assess the innovativeness, there was applied a summary scale, which was analysed in terms of homogeneity (Cronbach's alpha indicator) and standardisation (sten scores). Results: based upon this, five types of LSPs were defined, i.e. entities with a very high level of innovativeness, high level of innovativeness, average level, low level, and very low level of innovative activity. Simultaneously, LSPs were also divided into three groups in terms of their competences relating to the logistics ser vices and level of outsourcing (i.e. 2PL, 3PL, and 4PL). The group with the highest level of innovativeness is made up of foreign and mostly large-sized companies. The other distinguishing characteristics of this group are: global coverage, annual revenue above PLN 500 million, and the ability to provide a rich palette of developed logistics services. Conclusions: the survey results show an immense diversity of the research sample in terms of innovative activities. One can assume that the leading LSPs are currently developing their offers and market competition methods. Logistics ser-vices' managers can use the typology in order to build the competitive advantage in the market. It also provides practical insights for supply chain managers by showing them the key role of innovation for selection of logistics service providers. sten


To fix the strict relation between the valve pressure and bubble film's parameter the high-speed camera is used in this paper to record the situation of underwater air bubble films in the flume. Then the single picture is intercepted from the record to calculating the size distribution and numeric density of bubbles through partitioning the picture into some special districts combined with element analysis. Moreover the moving speed of bubbles could be also fixed by drawing the track of bubbles when several consecutive intercepted pictures were compared together. These results can provide some reference of the target character for laboratorial underwater laser detection of wake bubbles.


Objective: Pneumonia is a leading cause of hospital admission among children less than five years in sub-Saharan Africa. It is also associated with considerable economic cost to the households affected. This study sought to quantitatively measure the economic burden of households with children less than 5 years admitted at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) on account of pneumonia.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving children less than 5 years admitted to the KATH for pneumonia. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select 157 eligible participants from the Paediatric Ward of KATH from June to August 2016. A structured questionnaire and data abstraction form was used to collect primary and secondary data respectively. We applied point (median) and interval estimation (interquartile range) on the various cost components (Pre-admission cost, direct cost and indirect costs). Estimates of the disability adjusted life years (DALY) was done using the prevalence-based approach.
Results: The median preadmission cost was estimated at GH₵ 70 [US$ 18] ranging from GH₵ 5(US$ 1) to GH₵ 600 (US$ 154). Households spends an average of GH₵ 600 (US$ 154) (IQR: GH₵ 387.68 [US$ 99], GH₵ 778 [US$ 199] in treating an episode of childhood pneumonia in Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. The median direct non-medical cost was GH₵ 60 (US$ 15). The median indirect cost was GH₵ 165 (US$ 42). The median DALY recorded was 1,253.476 YLL.
Conclusion: Pneumonia poses economic burden on households whose children are affected considering their low socio-economic status.


The following guide will assist you in citing resources in your paper according to the Modern Language Association's Style Guide 7th edition.


Understanding and completing a basic mathematical concept is often faced by students. This problem is fundamental to mathematical ability. This ability is part of the competency to understand mathematical concepts. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the students' ability to understand matrix concepts. This study is a quantitative descriptive, be held on grade XI students from Multi Media I of a vocational high school at Kefamenanu. The number of participants in this study was 26 students. The instrument used is a test of the ability to understand the concept of the matrix and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the ability to understand the matrix concept of grade XI Multi Media I students is in the medium category with a percentage of 56.6%, with details of 7 students in the high category, 13 students in the medium category, and 6 students in the low category. There are 96% of students can restate a concept, 46% of students can classify objects according to the concept, 57% of students can give examples and non-examples of concepts, 61% of students can present concepts in various forms of mathematical representation, and 23% of students can use, utilize and select settlement procedures.


Objectives To design a comprehensive road traffic injury surveillance system for National Highways & Motorway Police of Pakistan on the basis of WHO Injury Surveillance Guidelines and keeping in view several Police Accident Databases. Methods The Injury Surveillance System for National Highways & Motorway Police of Pakistan has been designed keeping in view the Injury Surveillance Guidelines published by World Health Organisation and several Police Accident Databases being used in different countries. Important variables have been included in the Injury Surveillance System as per WHO Injury Surveillance Guidelines and other Police Accident Databases. Result The newly devised injury surveillance system for National Highways & Motorways Police of Pakistan has been designed based upon important variables such as use of alcohol or psychoactive substance have been adopted from WHO Injury Surveillance Guidelines and several Police Road Accident Databases which are helpful in carrying out comprehensive analysis of road traffic accidents and associated injury. Conclusions A new injury surveillance system has been designed which will be helpful in estimating true magnitude of road traffic accidents and associated injury, and analysing causes of road traffic accidents to devise effective preventive measures. It will also be helpful in establishing an effective coordination between National Highways & Motorways Police of Pakistan and other important stakeholders so that effective Road Traffic Injury Prevention policies can be devised to tackle the problem.


In order to deal with the main problems of electric vehicle (EV), such as the short driving range, the short life of batteries, the variation of the road state and driving mode and so on, based on constructing the main circuit diagram of the EV's control system and researching driving and regenerative braking process, the mathematical model of the system was established, driving and regenerative braking controller was designed for the EV. To improve the stability and reliability of the system, neural network (NN) self-adaptive PID control algorithm was researched and applied to the system. The controller comprises a back propagation (BP) NN and a radial basis function (RBF) NN. The former is used to adaptively adjust the parameters of the PID controller on line. The later is used to establish nonlinear prediction model and perform parameter prediction. The experimental results show that the NN self-adaptive PID controller is superior to traditional PID controller at response speed, steady-state tracking error and resisting perturbation. Additionally, it can recover more energy, lengthen batteries' life, and increase the driving range than PID controller by 5.3%.


Part I. Isolation of T Cells from the Tissues 1. Isolation of T Cells from the Skin Beate Lorenz and Esther von Stebut 2. Isolation of Leukocytes from Mouse Central Nervous System Iva Lelios and Melanie Greter 3. Isolation of T Cells from the Gut Sonja Reissig, Christopher Hackenbruch, and Nadine Hovelmeyer 4. T Cell Isolation from Mouse Kidneys Isis Ludwig-Portugall and Christian Kurts Part II. Analysis of T Cell Function and Phenotypes 5. Intracellular Staining for Cytokines and Transcription Factors Florian Mair and Vinko Tosevski 6. Surface Capture Staining Vinko Tosevski and Florian Mair 7. Mass Cytometry Analysis of Human T Cell Phenotype and Function Evan W. Newell and Lai Li Yun 8. Detection of NF-kappaB Pathway Activation in T Helper Cells Oliver Gorka, Stefan Wanninger, and Jurgen Ruland 9. Assessing the Suppressive Activity of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Christian Thomas Mayer and Tim Sparwasser 10. In vitro Generation of Microbe Specific Human Th17 Cells Julia M. Braun and Christina E. Zielinski 11. In vitro Polarization of T-Helper Cells Julie Rumble and Benjamin Segal Part III. In vivo Models of T Cell Function 12. A Method for the Generation of TCR Retrogenic Mice Elisa Kieback, Ellen Hilgenberg, and Simon Fillatreau 13. Mouse Models of Allergic Airway Disease Helen Meyer-Martin, Sebastian Reuter, and Christian Taube 14. Induction of Colitis in Mice (T-Cell Transfer Model) Benno Weigmann 15. Manipulation of T Cell Function Conditional Gene Targeting in T Cells Anna Sledzinska, Lynsey Fairbairn, and Thorsten Buch 16. Aldara-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation: Isolation and Characterization of Cutaneous Dendritic Cells and Innate Lymphocytes C.T. Wohn, S. Pantelyushin, J.L. Ober-Blobaum, and B.E. Clausen 17. Induction of Passive EAE Using Myelin-Reactive CD4+ T Cells Rhoanne C. McPherson, Helen E. Cambrook, Richard A. O'Connor, and Stephen M. Anderton 18. Experimental Mouse Models of T Cell-Dependent Inflammatory Bowel Disease George X. Song-Zhao and Kevin J. Maloy 19. Analysis of Chromosomal Aberrations in Murine HCC Kristian Unger and Mathias Heikenwalder


With the popularization of new technology web2.0, new media is changing the mode of human life and existence and consequently challenges the Chinese traditional ethics with the change of life and the deconstruction of ethical values and propels the Chinese traditional ethics is to evolve towards modern ethnics. Such evolution features the evolution towards the citizen society ethics, the appeal for the value of modern citizen and the reconstruction of modern ethical norms. Modern China should conduct appropriate guidance of the new media to promote the formation of the socialist civic society and citizen ethics, strengthen the construction of the legal regulations and ethical norms of new media, constantly improve the environment of new media dissemination, strengthen moral self-discipline of new media users and promote the forming of modern citizen personality.


Solvation effect on the tunneling rates in the case of coupled motion of two protons along the reaction coordinate was semiempirically, CNDO/2, computed. The following molecular transition-state complexes (TSC) were studied: +AH—BH—A, where A was either NH3 or H2O and BH was HF. Solvation was modeled with water molecules attached to each side of the perpendicular axis, through the bridge HF at different distances F/O. FN and FO (on-line) distances were also varied. Lower and narrower barriers were observed with the close positioning of the solvating molecules. This effect is reflected in higher tunneling probabilities. Thus, solvation favors the tunnel phenomenon in proton-transfer processes. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The purpose of this study was to determine quantitatively to what extent various stem, crown, and branching attributes conformed to subjective evaluations of form for jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) in northwestern Ontario and which environmental variables were associated with the form-related variation. Six fire-origin stands established on deep soils were selected on the basis of their form and subjectively evaluated as good (2), medium (2), or poor quality (2). Ten dominant trees were randomly chosen from each stand, and 26 attributes were determined for each sampled tree. These attributes were categorized as growth (2), stem form (6), crown form (6), or branch characters (12). Data on surrounding stand conditions and microsite were also collected. Climatic factors for each stand were interpolated from nearby weather station data. These data were analyzed by canonical discriminant analysis. The first function separated the poor-quality stands from the other two classes, while the second function separ...


ObjectiveTo investigate the colonic hyperplastic and absorptive adaption in short bowel rats.Methods[WT5"BZ] The rats were resected (80~85)% small intestine and treated by Pepti 2000. Nutritional state of the body and morphologic changes of the colon were investigated.On POD21,the proximal colon was perfused continuously with 15 N glycine and xylose solution by using a closed in vivo recirculation technique. [WT5"HZ]Results[WT5"BZ] On POD21, enteral nutrition group′s net nitrogen was almost the same as the control group and the weight was only (10±18)g less than preoperation. The mucosal thickness of the colon, the plica height and surface area of the enteral nutrition group were greater than those of the control group ( P 0 01).DNA content and colonic mucous hyditloid cells of the enteral nutrition group were higher than those of the control group ( P 0 05). After 3 h of recirculation, the level of water, xylose and 15 N glycine absorption( P 0 05) was elevated of the enteral nutrition group. Conclusion[WT5"BZ] Colonic morphologic and functional adaption occurred in short bowel rats. Early and proper enteral nutrition can not only give enough nutrition but also enhance colonic adaption to the short bowel rats.


Audiology, education, and the hearing impaired child , Audiology, education, and the hearing impaired child , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز


Report issued by the Brookhaven National Laboratory discussing the Emergency Radiological Monitoring Team. Equipment, training, and personnel required for the team is presented. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.


Abstract : This paper analyzes the problem of tracking targets in noisy conditions. First a basic background is provided. That includes general concepts from estimation theory and a specific description of the Kalman filter and its use for treating the various aspects of the target tracking problem. Then progressively more difficult situations of target tracking examples are simulated and the results are analyzed and compared with the literature. Keywords: Target Tracking, Kalman Filter, Monte Carlo Simulation, Estimation theory, Error covariance matrix, and Maneuvering targets.


The invention provides a stepped frequency-modulated signal time-frequency detection method which comprises the following steps: carrying out autocorrelation processing on stepped frequency-modulated signals x(t) to obtain interpulse recurrence interval estimated value Tr; carrying out Radon-STFT transform on the stepped frequency-modulated signals x(t) to obtain an initial frequency estimated value f0 and a frequency modulation slope estimated value k of local linear frequency modulation signals e ; multiplying the local linear frequency modulation signals with the stepped frequency-modulated signals x(t) to obtain coarse demodulation signals xde(t); carrying out filtering on the coarse demodulation signals xde(t) to obtain signals xfilters(t); carrying out reduction on the signals xfilters(t) to obtain new signals xnew(t); and with the Tr being a window, carrying out short-time Fourier transform on the new signals xnew(t) to obtain stepped frequency-modulated signal time-frequency detection. The method can detect the stepped frequency-modulated signals under the condition of low signal to noise ratio, and the detection accuracy is higher.


Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a technology to store electrical energy employed for decades, mainly through large scale systems. Today, small scale compressed air energy storage (SS-CAES) are also recently applied as an alternative to replace batteries in autonomous systems and as storage for intermittent renewable sources, promoting load leveling. These systems require compact and efficient power stages, with remarkable presence of power electronics. In this context, this article offers a comprehensive overview of SS-CAES systems, presenting the operating principles of various types of configurations, as well as information regarding energy density, efficiency, cost, limitations and challenges to be overcome in order to become an competitive alternative.


In this paper we present a solution that manages in real time the frequent errors of big data flows. In this model, we propose a repository in which the metadata, errors, and cleaning correction algorithms are stored for a given domain. In the first step, the system is supervised by an advisor that estimates the corresponding errors cleaning algorithm for a given context, according to the obtained results. At the second step, the system, thanks to its learning module, becomes autonomous in the selection algorithm procedure. To allow this capability, the proposed approach is designed and built on the basis of the Strategy Pattern. This pattern brings the possibility of building a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, make them interchangeable and allow them to evolve independently of used context.


In 1613 Quevedo left Spain to join his friend, Pedro Téllez Girón, Duke of Osuna and at that time Viceroy of Sicily. Two years later Quevedo was chosen by the Sicilian Parliament to present in person the triennial contribution of 300,000 ducats to the King of Spain. During the eight months he spent in Madrid, the satirist gained a wealth of experience in intrigue and practical politics. The purpose of this article is to edit with brief comment letters recently uncovered in Spain which bear on this sojourn in Madrid. These documents clarify the nature of Quevedo's relationship with the Duke of Osuna, facilitate the analysis of his experiences at the Court and reactions to current political practices, and make possible the rectification of various misconceptions. No attempt will be made below to restate what is already known about these years of Quevedo's life.


Using pricing algorithms that make use of tracking results, companies can integrate in their pricing factors external to the company, which, in addition to the real-time market environment, may also include the presumed ability of individual customers to pay. This inevitably entails significant discrimination and privacy risks as well as the risk of non-transparent markets. The thesis addresses these aspects of the permissibility of smart pricing in terms of data protection and unfair competition law, comprehensively considering the economic and technical bases as well as the various forms of implementation, both online and offline. By evaluating the current legal situation, legally compliant implementation possibilities will be identified.


Abstract A survey of the bryophyte flora, Anthocerotophyta (hornworts), Marchantiophyta (liverworts), and Bryophyta (mosses) of Jefferson County, Ohio was conducted from 1998 to 2004. Jefferson County (106,416 ha) is located in the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau region. Its eastern border is the Ohio River. Approximately 20% of the county has been mined for coal since the early 1900's, and 29% has been cleared for agriculture. Seventeen (17) species of liverworts and 1 species of hornwort were found. Jefferson County records for moss species increased from 0 to 115. The moss flora of Jefferson County is compared to that of other Ohio counties using Sørenson's similarity index (SI).


Aortic thrombosis (Leriche's syndrome) is generally considered to be a rare condition. The true incidence may be roughly assessed from post-mortem findings, and there are reports of several large necropsy series in the literature. Straus et al. (1946), combining the results from several such series, arrived at an incidence of 0.12%, a figure frequently quoted subsequently. Other figures are given in the Table:


This paper presents the design of a laser measurement system for measuring the 3-dimensional(3D) displacement of railway track. The system consists of a three-channel laser sensor and a regular tetrahedral target. With three lasers, the sensor placed at a stationary position away from the railway track gets the 3-dimensional displacement of a target on the railway track. The structural displacement is computed in real time through processing the measured data. A clever conversion formula developed in this paper enables measurement of 3D displacement by tracking three sets of one-dimensional data of a target without vision technology. The efficacy of the laser system in 3D displacement measurement of the railway track was demonstrated through a fine-tuning table test. The maximum error is 1mm, which nearly equals to the accuracy of the laser sensor. An artificial means of marking the target is also proposed to further improve the adaptability of the system to the dark environment.


Objective: To compare the mean homocysteine level of ESRD patients undergoing regular hemodialysiswith normal age and gender matched controls. Methodology: This observational study was conducted at Dialysis Unit of Fauji Foundation Hospital, fromJanuary 2011 to October 2012. Cases included patients from 12-65 years age of either gender who wereon regular hemodialysis for more than three months at a frequency of three times a week. Controls werechosen from the healthy relatives and hospital employees who had normal renal functions and were matchedfor age and gender. Total homocysteine in plasma was measured by HPLC and fluorescence detection. Results: We included 55 hemodialysis patients and 55 controls. The mean age of cases and controls was45.67±10.68 and 45.94±10.50 years respectively. There were a total of 24 (21.8%) males. The two groupswere similar in respect to age and gender distribution. The mean homocysteine level of cases and controlswas 17.69±5.17 and 12.85±3.27 μmol/L respectively (p =0.00). Conclusion: Plasma homocysteine levels are significantly higher among homodialysis subjects as comparedto normal controls.


Abstract
The article presents scientific evidence that confirms the new paradigm that  "early" diagnosis is not always beneficial, and that screening and early diagnosis can do more harm than good. As a result, of screening, in a number of cases, lesions are diagnosed that, although have histological patterns of cancer, are often clinically insignificant, indolent i.e. overdiagnosis takes place. Such lesions primarily include latent cancers of the prostate and thyroid gland. An increase in the incidence of certain types of cancers in the United States and other developed countries, as a result, of the introduction of PSA screening, mammography, ultrasound examination of the neck and other highly sensitive diagnostic methods, with stable or decreasing mortality, is a sign of overdiagnosis. In Russia, there is also a marked increase in the incidence of cancer of the prostate, breast, thyroid, kidney and melanoma, while mortality from these forms of cancer is stable or decreasing. The increase in the incidence of all malignant formations in Russian, as in American men, is determined by the increase in the incidence of prostate cancer.
In randomized clinical trials of the efficacy of screening for prostate and breast cancer, an excess of the detected cases of cancer in the screening group compared with the control group indicates overdiagnosis. With an increase in follow-up (10-15 years), the number of excess cases in the screening group decreases. However, in some studies even after 10-15 years of follow-up, the excess of cancer cases in the screening group persisted, i.e. overdiagnosis was confirmed. Thus, the problem of overdiagnosis is also relevant to controlled clinical trials, despite a well-verified protocol and strict adherence to it. The danger of overdiagnosis in real life, daily practice, and especially with opportunistic screening, which, by definition, is carried out without quality control, is much higher. Overdiagnosis often leads to unnecessary, sometimes excessive treatment and a deterioration in the quality of life of patients who are not cancer patients.
Refusal of aggressive therapy and active follow-up should be the method of choice for the management of patients with asymptomatic neoplasms identified at the screening. Such tactics will avoid unnecessary and excessive interventions, which, in turn, will prevent a deterioration in the quality of life of patients and, in addition, will reduce the cost of treatment.
Key words: overdiagnosis, screening, early diagnosis, trends in incidence and mortality, prostate cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer


John McDonald's scathing assessment of the motivations of the Blake Prize was published at the weekend in the Fairfax press and aired on Radio National. It centres on his view that the Blake fails to produce enough clearly recognisable religious symbols.


This cohort study uses data from the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program database to examine the risk of early postoperative mortality among US veterans with a robust physiologic reserve undergoing open or endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.


The Λ-nucleon potential effective in ΛH4 is estimated by means of a wave function which allows the nuclear core a radial expansion and a spheroidal distortion correlated with the instantaneous Λ-core distance. The inclusion of such distortions reduces by about 13% the Λ-nucleon potential required to fit the observed binding energy.


This paper takes the Tarim River as an example to study the selection of Manning's roughness coefficient (n) in numerical simulation and presents a new method for calibrating Manning's roughness coefficient of a flume model. The measured topographic data and hydraulic data obtained from the flume experiments are taken as the initial boundary conditions in flow simulation, and n value for a flume model of the Qiman reach of Tarim River is calibrated by using a CCHE2D model. The consistency between the simulated water surface and the measured water surface with different n value is compared by using the error analysis method. Manning's n value for a flume model which meets the minimum error requirements is determined. The relative error between n value obtained by the empirical method and n value obtained by the numerical simulation method is analyzed. The result shows that the calibration method of n value for a flume model by using the CCHE2D model and error analysis presented in this paper is feasible and reliable.


The plutonic rocks of the westernmost part of the Sirwa massif belong to the Ediacaran post-collisional magmatic chain of the Anti-Atlas.The geochemistry of major and trace elements attests that the fractional crystallization cannot account for the variations between the granitoids and the associated MME.They represent two contemporaneous but independent magmatic tendencies.However,Sr and Nd configur data argue for a similar and juvenile material source


Background: Rosiglitazone is thiazolidinediones group of drug which decreases blood sugar by activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Aim: The study aimed to design and prepare rosiglitazone microcapsule. Methods: The rosiglitazone microcapsule formulations (F1 to F8) were prepares by ionic gelation technique using carbopol – 934, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose as rate controlling polymer in different ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:2.5 (Drug: polymer). The drug polymer compatibility was studied using FTIR and DSC techniques. The prepared microcapsule were evaluated for yield, particle size, shape (SEM study), wall thickness, flow property, drug content, loose surface crystal study, swelling index, percentage moisture loss, in vitro drug release and kinetic studies, stability study and mucoadhesion property. Results & discussions: The microcapsules size was small and spherical shape, with good flow properties. No such significant physical or chemical interaction was occurred between drug and polymer. The drug content was found to be satisfactory. Highest drug content (84%) was obtained with F8. All microcapsule formulations released drug in control manner. The microcapsule formulation F8 (0.8%) Hydroxy propyl cellulose) was found to release the drug only 15.003 % even after 8 h in constant manner with regular fashion for longer period of time when compared to other microcapsules formulations. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the microcapsule formulation F8 is the best optimized formulation, which could be use for safe management of type II diabetes.


Savings is both a risk management strategy and determinant of magnitude of investment but its determinants and mobilization strategy are controversial issues in literature. This study thus aimed at investigating the effects of group design characteristics on savings among rural agricultural micro-credit groups in Nigeria. The study was conducted in Imo state of Nigeria. Using two micro finance institutions that were purposely selected, 54 micro credit groups were randomly selected via stratified sampling from the two micro finance institutions afore-selected. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression technique were used in data analysis. Results show that some problems limiting the access to group formal financial services are not only related to one another but are caused by group members and coordinators. It also shows that gender composition, membership size, age of the groups and frequency of meeting per month are inversely related to savings while fund size and random method of allocation are directly related to savings. The study recommends among others, formation of groups by younger farmers, based on the dictates of lifecycle hypothesis.


While General Relativity has been adopted as the standard theory of relativity, there are alternative theories, with important implications for gravitational physics, which can only be discounted with tests of sufficient accuracy. In addition to its contributions to lunar and solar system dynamics, Lunar Laser Ranging, in combination with other solar system data continues to refine some important limits. Satellite laser ranging tracking of geodetic satellites can provide similar tests, but the accuracy is usually limited by gravitational and nongravitational perturbations.


The invention discloses an image processing apparatus based on photographing of an unmanned aerial vehicle and an image processing method thereof. The apparatus comprises a measurement module (1), a photographing device (2) and an image processing apparatus (3), wherein the measurement module (1) measures flight condition data of the unmanned aerial vehicle and photographing parameters of the photographing device (2); the image processing apparatus (3) comprises a memorizer (4) and a processor (5), the memorizer (4) stores a database, and the database comprises keywords associated with the flight condition data and the photographing parameters; when the measurement module (1) transmits the flight condition data and the photographing parameters of a photographing time to the memorizer (4) and the photographing device (2) transmits photographing materials to the memorizer (4), the processor (5) reads corresponding keywords in the database based on the flight condition data and/or the photographing parameters, and names the photographing materials with the keywords according to a predetermined order.


In health-related professions, education has unique challenges. Problem-based learning can be extremely useful and driven by strategies such as group-work (GW) and peer assessment (PA), which are both used as formative and assessment tools. This study aimed to explore experience and perceptions about GW and PA held by educators and students in optometry. In a first survey, 45 Italian educators (43.8 ± 13.0 years old) of optometric clinical modules answered an email questionnaire investigating their attitudes towards GW and PA. In a second survey, 66 3rd-year undergraduates (22.5 ± 2.0 years old) answered a questionnaire investigating the perception and attitudes towards GW and PA at the beginning and at the end of a module of Advanced Optometry structured with a formative/summative GW activity with a final PA. Two-thirds of optometry educators declared they use GW, but not as a summative assessment tool. Only a quarter of the sample answered that they used PA at least once. Educators' attitudes towards GW were more positive than PA (p < 0.001). About 60% and 80% of the interviewed students stated they have never participated in GW and PA, respectively. Students' pre-course attitudes towards GW and PA resulted in values close to the middle of the scale with no significant differences and positive correlations between them (p < 0.001). When students' GW attitudes were compared with educators' GW attitudes, the latter were more positive. Students' post-course attitudes towards GW and PA were enhanced. Although GW and PA are considered very good strategies to improve teaching, the results of the present study have demonstrated that the use of these strategies in Italian optometric higher education is limited. However, the study has also demonstrated that Italian optometry educators have positive attitudes towards "social" teaching strategies especially for GW. Furthermore, optometry students showed improved attitudes towards these strategies once exposed to them. Overall, the results of the study open the possibility to integrate "social" teaching strategies to improve the effectiveness of optometry education.


The coming on of north-east old industrial base developing plan offers an opportunity of development for higher vocational education. Developing direction of higher vocational education, student's knowledge structure, teaching reform and graduate's specification are discussed in the paper.


Through the space finite element method, a whole bridge model is established, and it is used in analyzing the causes of defects arisen from Yijia River RC rigid frame arch bridge, and the effect of diaphragms on the cross rigidity of whole bridge can be found. So in the design and construction of rigid frame arch bridge, the effective connection between diaphragms and arch ribs should be emphasized. The space statics analysis on a piece of slightly curved plate gives reasons of cracks in slightly curved slabs. This method can contribute to the design of rigid frame arch bridge greatly.


By September 2009 an estimated 9084 species of extant reptiles have been described by a total of 4579 papers and books which are listed in a supplementary file. In this review I summarize the history of these species beginning with Linnaeus in 1758. While it took 80 years to reach the first 1000 species in 1838, species descriptions since then have been added roughly at the rate of 1000 new species every 20 years, with a significant acceleration only during the past two decades. The top 40 most productive herpetologists (in terms of "species output") have described 4780 species, amounting to over half of all species. George Albert Boulenger leads this elite list with 573 species that are still recognized today. Historically, 18 classic works of the 18 th and 19 th century can be singled out, describing almost 1000 species still recognized, including the Erpetologie Generale, published between 1834 and 1854 in nine volumes. The top 25 journals have published more than 3600 species descriptions in the past 250 years (including 169 in Zootaxa, ranked sixth), corresponding to about 40% of all species.


Mild hybrid vehicles have been explored as a potential pathway to reduce vehicle emissions cost-effectively. The use of manual transmissions to develop novel hybrid vehicles provides an alternate route to producing low cost electrified powertrains. In this paper, a comparative analysis examining a conventional vehicle and a mild hybrid electric vehicle is presented. The analysis considers fuel economy, capital and ongoing costs and environmental emissions, and includes developmental analysis and simulation using mathematical models. Vehicle emissions (nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons) and fuel economy are computed, analysed and compared using a number of alternative driving cycles and their weighted combination. Different driver styles are also evaluated. Studying the relationship between the fuel economy and driveability, where driveability is addressed using fuel-economical gear shift strategies. Our simulation suggests the hybrid concept presented can deliver fuel economy gains of between 5 and 10%, as compared to the conventional powertrain.


We invoke the characterization of Pythagorean-hodograph polynomial curves and prove that it is impossible to parameterize any real curves, other than a straight line, by rational functions of its arc length.


Aiming at the complex electromagnetic pulse response problems faced by the ship system, the research focuses on the coupling response of cables and typical antennas in the ship system under high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP). Using the Computer Simulation Technology(CST) cable studio and microwave studio, combined with engineering practice, a three-dimensional parametric simulation model of the multi-cable coupling of the ship system is established to study single-core cables and coaxial cables with shielding layers, typical shipborne antennas' coupling response under HEMP. The research results can guide the protection design of the ship system against the complex electromagnetic environment.


Materials with magnetic and luminescent properties have broad biomedical applications. Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) stands out due to its high stability and magnetization. In order to increase biocompatibility and confer luminescence, this material may be coated with silicon dioxide (SiO2) containing europium ions. Thus, the work aims to coat CoFe 2O4 (core) with SiO2 and europium (III) (3).The samples were structurally characterized by XRD and presented single phase system. And the exposure of the samples to electromagnetic radiation and magnetic fild confimed the obtaining of the material with both properties of interest.


The influence of distortion of a shaped beam reflector on the radiation characteristics of an antenna under shock wave is studied. The far field of a shaped reflector antenna is modeled and analyzed based on the physical optics (PO) method. Results of measurement and calculation are compared when the shaped reflector is not distorted, and good agreement is obtained. The radiation characteristics of the antenna are studied when the shaped beam reflector are distorted by shock waves, including the value the location and the area of distortion. The results show that the distortion affects chiefly on the horizontal radiation patterns, and less on the vertical ones.


The measurement of vessel wall motion and cyclic strain has important applications in physiology and disease research, the design of intravascular devices, and cardiovascular treatment planning. However, present methods for measuring wall motion and strain have limitations. We developed a method to measure vessel wall velocity using phase contrast (cinePC) magnetic resonance imaging techniques. These data are then used to calculate the cyclic strain in the wall. This method was evaluated using a pulsatile flow rig with a simulated vessel fabricated from polyvinyl alcohol cryogel. Although further development and validation are required, this method has promise for measuring vessel motion and cyclic strain in vivo.


ABSTRACT The government of China plays an important role in the external environment of private sector enterprises (PSEs), having a significant effect on their survival and development. Therefore, managing their relationship with the government becomes a key aspect of strategic decision-making and operating actions of PSEs. We extend the evidence of this by introducing a new dimension of political connection: partial state ownership of PSEs. Using a data set of 262 publically listed PSEs in China, we empirically investigate the effects of partial state ownership of PSEs on the access to bank loans.


For low-temperature deposition of oxide films relating to Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors, photo-absorption and -decomposition properties were examined with respect to copper and alkaline-earth s-diketonates. It was confirmed that all s-diketonates examined were promising as source materials for photochemical vapour deposition (photo-CVD) using a low-pressure mercury lamp, in view of their large light absorption coefficients at wavelength 254 nm. The light irradiation was effective for the formation of highly crystalline oxide films at temperatures below 600 °C. By combining two sources, Ca2CuO3 and SrCuO2 films were prepared. Photo-CVD of c-axis oriented Bi2Sr2CuOx film was achieved by the irradiation of ternary sources of Bi(C6H5)3 and strontium and copper s-diketonates at 500 °C.


both by the shape of the object in question in the earliest representations of it, and by the beliefs and practices of the Baganda and other kindred peoples, which are fully described in their article (Man, 1911, no. 97) and in RoscOE, The Baganda, pp. 52, 54-5, 109 ff., 235 ff., 303 ff. Their theory is accepted by S E T H E ap. BORCHARDT, Grabdenkmal des Konigs Sahu-re, n, p. 77, but is somewhat sharply attacked by VON BISSING in his paper Die Reliefs vom Sonnenheiligtum des Raihures (Sitsb. d. kbn. Bayr. Akad. d. Wiss., Jhrg. 1914, 9. Abh.), pp. 9, 10. Among the Baganda the afterbirth was regarded as a second child, which, being born dead, became a ghost immediately it left the womb. A ghost, this people be lieved, must have a material object to which it could attach itself. The ghost of the dead king attached itself to his jawbone, which, sometime after the burial of the corpse, was separated from the skull and placed in a special building or temple (The Baganda, p. 235 ff.). The ghost of the placenta, which is furnished with no such con venience, had to content itself with the stump of the umbilical cord when it dropped from the real child. It was this, not the placenta (which was almost immediately buried), that figured so conspicuously in certain ceremonies connected with the living and dead kings among the Baganda. Mr ROSCOE tells me, however, that, although the stump of the king's umbilical cord is substituted for his placenta, the Baganda always speak of the relic as though it were the actual placenta, which indeed he took it to be till a careful examination of the object revealed the true facts of the case. Naturally the stump of the cord is much more easily preserved than the fleshy placenta, which, even if smoke-dried, would soon crumble into dust, leaving its ghost without a material object to which it could attach itself.


Using extended Huckel theory molecular orbital calculations, two equally preferred conformations of the nicotinium ion have been predicted from total energy minimization as a function of geometry. The calculated conformations are in good agreement with reported nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-predicted conformations of several nicotine derivatives. In only one predicted nicotinium ion conformation are there found to be two atoms, including the quaternary nitrogen atom, of comparable charge and interatom distance to those found in acetylcholine. Specifically these atoms in the nicotinium ion relate very closely to the quarternary nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen atoms of acetylcholine in its calculated preferred conformation. This observation permits time prediction that the two principal atoms necessary for nicotinic activity in the nicotinium ion are a quaternary nitrogen atom and a negatively charged atom about 4.85 A removed. As an adjunct to the study, an extended Huckel theory population analysis of acetylcholine in its calculated preferred conformation indicates a slightly negative total (σ + π) charge density on the ether oxygen atom.


Susceptibility to toxic chemical exposures is determined by genotype-environment interactions. Genetically variable natural populations live in spatially, temporally, and chemically complex environments, and their exposures to persistent organic pollutants should be carefully considered when quantifying evolution's role in mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance. Although most natural populations' genomes are not sequenced, reasonably robust lower-throughput custom platforms and data imputation methods help infer missing genotypes and improve the analysis of non-model organisms' sequencing data. Such datasets yield insights about population processes and variance of allelic diversity within and between sensitive and resistant populations. The advantage of this approach is that an a priori choice of biomarkers of an adverse effect is not necessary. Population genomics provide insights into the sequence variations that define differences in gene expression and protein polymorphisms underlying mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to polluted environment. Complementary "omics" approaches with model-organism and natural populations offer a better understanding of biological effects and should be an integral component of comprehensive ecological and human health risk assessment.


The ghost problem exists in multi-DF station multi-target passive cross-location under complicated environment.The number of ghost is increased rapidly and the correct association is more difficult along with the increasing DF station and target.Aimed at this problem,two algorithms of eliminating ghost based on redundant information are presented.By associating data with azimuth angle or TDOA redundant information selectively,high computation burden can be avoided effectively when associating directly with azimuth angle data of all DF stations,based on ensuring certain association probability.Computer simulations show that these two algorithms are effective.Because of using additional TDOA redundant information,the correct association probability of eliminating ghost algorithm based on TDOA redundant information is higher than that of eliminating ghost algorithm based on azimuth angle redundant information when the TDOA error is lower than 0.5ms.The eliminating ghost algorithm based on TDOA redundant information is more adapted to the occasion with high TDOA precision、low space between targets,and big DF error.


Quantitative skeletal muscle mass loss has the potential to predict the therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This study aimed to assess the impact of muscular quality on the abovementioned outcomes.


A voltage scalable zero-crossing based (ZCB) pipelined ADC is built in 65nm GP (general purpose) CMOS process and LP (low power) CMOS process. The highly digital implementation characteristic of the zero-crossing based circuit technique enables energy efficient operation and supply voltage scaling. A unidirectional coarse-fine charge transfer scheme is developed to allow low-voltage operation as well as high speed and high resolution. At 1.0V(GP) / 1.2V(LP) nominal supply and 50MS/s, the ADC achieves 67.7dB(GP) / 68.1dB(LP) SNDR after calibration while dissipating 4.07mW(GP) / 4.93mW(LP), resulting in an FOM of 41.0fJ/step(GP) / 47.5fJ/step(LP). The supply voltage scalability is demonstrated down to 0.5V(GP) / 0.8V(LP) and improves the FOM to 28.0fJ/step(GP) / 37.8fJ/step(LP), while maintaining higher than 66dB SNDR.


Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relation is a universal mathematical relation in causal signal and has been used in many fields. The principle and application conditions of K-K relation in Φ-OTDR are studied numerically and experimentally.


for an Invited Paper for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Laser Ranging to the Moon: How Evolving Technology Enables New Science JAMES FALLER, JILA-University of Colorado Technological advances have long been the enabler of scientific progress. The invention of the laser is a prime example of this symbiotic relationship between technical progress and scientific advances. The laser, which today is omnipresent in each of our lives, made its first appearance during the time that I was a graduate student in Professor Dicke's group at Princeton. A major change occurring during that time period was that technology was transforming the study of gravitational physics from just a theoretical subject into also an experimental subject where one could hope to measure things using by-then-available laboratory technologies and techniques. During this same time, the idea for the lunar laser ranging experiment was born. The history and accomplishments of this experiment–a still ongoing experiment which is one of the real scientific triumphs of NASA's Apollo program–will be given.


The rapid development and continuous transformation of big data has imposed higher requirements for the e-commerce professional's data sorting and network technology applications. They provided more favorable conditions and opportunities for the development of e-commerce professionals. Universities and colleges have becoming the major exporter of talent training, and they must follow the direction of information reform and cultivate e-commerce composite innovative talents that are more in line with the requirements of the development of the times. This article combines the new requirements of e-commerce professionals and the problems in the training of e-commerce professionals in the context of big data, from cultivating applied talents, optimizing professional curriculum, strengthening cooperation between schools and enterprises, and strengthening the construction of teachers. Other aspects also propose suggestions for e-business talents training mode under the background of big data.[1]


The present study investigate the efficiency of marketing of Apple in Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. Kullu district was purposively selected for the study as apple is primarily grown crop in the district. The sample drawn for the study comprised of 100 apple growers of Kullu and Naggar blocks. The various analytical tools were used to analyse the efficiency of marketing channels of apple. The marketing channels involves in the study area is three in number, channel I (Producer– Retailer–Consumer) was the most effective channel as it had the highest marketing efficiency index of 2.28. Majority 18 per cent of the growers marketed apple through channel II (Producer– Wholesaler–Retailer–Consumer). The price spread was the lowest (Rs. 397.9) in channel I (Producer–Retailer–Consumer); and accordingly, the producer's share in final consumer rupee was the highest (69.57 %) in channel I.


Structural stability, electronic structure, and optical properties of ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}{\mathrm{BaI}}_{3}$ hybrid perovskite are examined from theory as well as experiment. Solution-processed thin films of ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}{\mathrm{BaI}}_{3}$ exhibited a high transparency in the wavelength range of 400--825 nm (1.5--3.1 eV for which the photon current density is highest in the solar spectrum) which essentially justifies a high band gap of 4 eV obtained by theoretical estimation. Also, the x-ray diffraction patterns of the thin films match well with the ${00l}$ peaks of the simulated pattern obtained from the relaxed unit cell of ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}{\mathrm{BaI}}_{3}$, crystallizing in the $I4/mcm$ space group, with lattice parameters, $a=9.30$ \AA{}, $c=13.94$ \AA{}. Atom projected density of state and band structure calculations reveal the conduction and valence band edges to be comprised primarily of barium $d$ orbitals and iodine $p$ orbitals, respectively. The larger band gap of ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}{\mathrm{BaI}}_{3}$ compared to ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}{\mathrm{PbI}}_{3}$ can be attributed to the lower electronegativity coupled with the lack of $d$ orbitals in the valence band of ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{2+}$. A more detailed analysis reveals the excellent chemical and mechanical stability of ${\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{NH}}_{3}{\mathrm{BaI}}_{3}$ against humidity, unlike its lead halide counterpart, which degrades under such conditions. We propose La to be a suitable dopant to make this compound a promising candidate for transparent conductor applications, especially for all perovskite solar cells. This claim is supported by our calculated results on charge concentration, effective mass, and vacancy formation energies.


The most critical aspect of the cold chain is refrigerated transport, appropriate transport conditions can guarantee the quality of perishable foods. This study introduces the interval type-2 fuzzy logic method to reduce the prediction error, presents an interval type-2 fuzzy logic model for the time series of one hour of power load forecasting and adopted the first modeling process model structure and then use back propagation algorithm to adjust the model parameters are determined by simulation. In view of the two type of fuzzy measure the importance of system identification in the field of fuzzy in type-2, the study of type-2 fuzzy measure, proposed the axiomatic definition of the ordinary type-2 fuzzy similarity and fuzzy inclusion degree, which is intuitive understanding of people axioms.


Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of voriconazole in the treatment of malignant tumor patients with invasive fungal infection.Methods Forty four malignant tumor patients complicated with invasive fungal infection were randomly enrolled in two groups.They were administered by Voriconazole and Itraconazole respectively.Results In Voriconazole group,the cure rate and overall clinical efficacy rate were 68.2% and 77.3% respectively.The rate of side effects in Voriconazole group was 27.3%.In Itraconazole group,the cure rate and overall clinical efficacy rate were 61.9% and 76.2% respectively.The adverse reaction rate was 19.0%.But there were no significant differences in overall cure rate,clinical efficacy rate and adverse reaction rate between two groups.Conclusion Voriconazole was effective and safe in the treatment of malignant tumor complicated by invasive fungal infection,which is more economical than Itraconazole.


Despite of all hardware capabilities, optimization of software always was one of actual tasks. Usually optimization of software was aimed to reduce an execution time. But recent decades it's possible sometimes also to reduce energy consumption and/or energy efficiency of computing because of enhanced energy saving capabilities. Indeed, if computations are made faster, CPU can suspend unusual computational and control blocks. In case of parallelization which is one of optimization techniques, power consumption can raise in short periods of computations because of using multiple CPUs simultaneously. At once execution time can be decreased dramatically so energy efficiency of computing still increasing. In the paper the authors provide the experiments on small size mini PC Raspberry Pi 3B which show that using of optimization tiling method not only speed up a processing but also increase energy efficiency of computing. For such low power systems this can be useful to increase power on time with a battery power source.


To delay lipid oxidation during meat processing, synthetic antioxidants have been used in the food industry, but the consumers' concern over their toxicity increased interest in research with natural antioxidants. The aim of this work was to analyze the water activity (Aw), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), moisture and trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen (TCASN) in brined tilapia fillets treated or pretreated with natural rosemary extract (Rosmarinus officinalis) and stored for 240 days at −18C. Higher Aw (0.900 ± 0.010) and moisture (70.13 ± 0.20) values were observed in the pretreated fillets. The TBARS values in the treatment (3.31 ± 0.79) and pretreatment (3.39 ± 0.53) were half the value of the control treatment (6.14 ± 1.21) at 240 days. Statistical differences were observed in TCASN values in 180 (0.112 ± 0.020) and 240 (0.132 ± 0.017) days, with the pretreatment showing a more protective effect in protein oxidation. In this study, rosemary proved to be protective during the frozen storage, especially when its extract was used as pretreatment, before the salting process.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Fish consumption is highly elastic, because the annual average consumption of seafood per person in Brazil is only 6.8 kg. The federal government has set a goal to increase it to 12 kg by 2007.

Salting is an older food preservation process still used today, and is extremely important because, despite advances in food technology, increased monitoring and improved knowledge, it is emphasized as an easy, cheap and effective process that does not require refrigeration. Tilapia is a highly prolific fish, with a production volume that is increasingly higher each year in Brazil. Therefore, it calls for interesting research to allow an increased shelf life for this species.


Wool growth rates of grazing sheep that were resistant to infection with the intestinal nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis were measured in the presence and absence of a larval challenge. In one experiment, resistant sheep exposed to a moderate level of larval challenge grew 11 per cent less wool than unchallenged resistant sheep grazing the same paddock. A second experiment confirmed the previous results but showed that the magnitude of this wool growth depression did not depend on the severity of the challenge


he French historian, Jean-Claude Monod, claims that there are three waves of political theology in the twentieth century. This includes the "general democratic reorientation of French intellectuals in the 1980 [to question's of political theology] . . . the German secularization debate in the Weimar period and Latin American liberation theology of the 1960s and 1970s."1 Only quite recently have American scholars directed their attention toward the fascinating and curious appearance of political theology that emerged on the intellectual scene in France as far back as the 1970s.2 The theologico-political question in France arose from many French intellectuals disillusionment with Marxism and their new found appreciation for democracy and republicanism. With the rise of the anti-totalitarian movement in France in the 1970s, many former Marxists and radicals suggested that the political hubris and associated with Marxist regimes was inseparable from its totalizing and determinate understanding of history.3


The recurrence of οἰωνός and the evident lack of continuity in h. Cer. 43-46 are due to the adaptation by the author of an Anatolian topic that we find in the Hittite myth of the vanishing god: the sending of an eagle to go and look for the missing god.


This article aims to assess the impact of access to formal financial systems on the emergence and growth of small and medium-sized companies in the city of Chibuto from 2016 to 2017. The city of Chibuto was selected because it is an easily accessible location and the consequent guarantee dynamics in the information collection process. The research is descriptive, with a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative), using non-probabilistic methods, based on intentional sampling. Interviews were conducted with the Tax Authority of Chibuto, 2 commercial banks (Millenium BIM and BCI) and 47 small and medium-sized companies were surveyed. Regarding the services offered by traditional banking, most of the interviewed entrepreneurs revealed that they do not adhere to them due to factors related to the cost of capital (high interest rates) and the required requirements. The majority of small and medium enterprises, or about 72% of them, use their own capital to finance their businesses while 28% use alternative sources of financing such as credit unions, Micro-finance, district development fund (FDD) and other unspecified sources as an alternative to traditional banking.


The partnership between school, family and community for the development and care of children has been interested in research by many scientists. This study aims to investigate Vietnamese early childhood educators' perspectives on an integrated model to early childhood education and care in Vietnam. A self-assessment tool with 5 standards and 15 criteria was administered to 420 teachers working in 30 kindergartens across 6 provinces of Vietnam. The self-assessment tool considered 5 areas of the school, family and community partnerships, including: planning and building childcare education environments; connecting and sharing information between the school, family and the community in child care and education; coordinating in individual child education; making decisions about policies related to child care and education; and evaluating child development. Through average score analysis, the results show that early childhood educators in Vietnam stressed the significance of school, family and community involvement in early childhood education and care.


As an extension of the geochemistry programme in eastern North Greenland (Ghisler & Stendal, 1980; Steenfelt, 1980), a systematic collection of stream mosses was carried out in 1980. This report presents some preliminary results on metal distribution with a discussion of the employed extraction method.


We describe an adult patient with a left circumflex coronary artery fistula in whom color Doppler three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated clearly the exact site of the communication with the coronary sinus near the left atrial appendage. This could not be delineated definitively by multiplane two‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.


The aim of this exercise is twofold: to give, without further ado, students and representatives of life in the regions some clues in order to understand the birth of nouvelle-Aquitaine; and to leave for future researchers in regional economies an account from one who has observed (and lived through) the establishment of territorial reform 2014-2016. To this end, the first section retraces how we have moved on from more than half a century of stable French regional authorities to a reduction, in less than one year, of their number from 22 to 13. The second section sets out an initial synthetic vision of Nouvelle-Aquitaine emphasising two distinct characteristics: its enormous size and the evident hierarchy of its towns and cities. The third section, written, as it were, on the spot and thus without, perhaps, the required detachment, concerns the analysis of the first year "of transition" and poses questions on the future of this territorial reform.


Landmarks in urban areas, such as castles, churches, bell towers, tall buildings, large hills, and tall trees, are common points of geographical reference in landscapes. However, modern construction methods have pushed buildings higher, so the visibility of these landmarks has been reduced. This article develops a simple analytical model for use in an urban setting to estimate how building height and density affect the area from where a landmark is visible. The probability of visibility from observation points will be derived by the use of a stochastic process. Three relationships between the visibility of a landmark and its setting are mathematically derived and illustrated using a monocentric city.


Development of stronger materials and improved fabrication techniques permit designers of filament-wound rocket motor cases to decrease wall thickness. As the walls become thinner, stiffness (resistance to bending deflection) and buckling become more critical. Design analyses and parametric curves for stiffness and buckling are presented. The buckling analysis uses Hess's equation for the buckling of orthotropic materials. The results are compared with existing test data, and a correction factor (kc ~ 0.66) for use with theoretical criticalcompression buckling stresses is determined.


From the Book:
The very fact that you are looking at this book proves that you are interested in a language with a future, since the possibilities for XML are downright enormous. We will do all we can to provide you with a quick, concise introduction to the subject. If you already have some prior knowledge about HTML, you will be better able to put it into practice with the aid of this book. If not, you will also find here an HTML crash course and the corresponding reference with the most important tags.

Read more about the following technologies: DTD, SGML, CSS, XSL, XSLT, XLINKS and XHTML. You will get to know the underlying interrelationships. Unfortunately, it would be beyond the scope of this book for us to go into detail about each of these topics, but, when you have read the book, you will know at which point you should hook into XML in order to achieve your goals. We hope you will enjoy reading this book and quickly learn what you need to know.


Summary. Priapism is a common complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) that could lead to erectile dysfunction and psychosocial problems. Treatment of established fulminant priapism is usually not satisfactory. It is therefore important to prevent this complication of SCD. The alpha‐adrenergic agonist etilefrine (50–100 mg/d) produced a good clinical response in 13 of 18 (72%) adults who have recurrent priapism; 17 had SCD and one sickle cell trait. After a follow‐up of 1–48 months, none of the 18 people on etilefrine developed hypertension or sexual dysfunction. Similar efficacy and safety profiles of the drug have been reported previously.


Current literature has suggested that there is a reluctance on the part of the domestic apparel industry to adopt advanced computer technology. This study was designed to investigate the attitudes of Louisiana apparel manufacturers towards computer technology. An attitude questionnaire was mailed to all identified apparel manufacturers in the state. The results indicated that the apparel industry in the state of Louisiana is comprised of many small, privately owned companies. A large array of products in a variety of size ranges is produced in the state. Statistical analyses indicated that there were some differences between attitudes of apparel manufacturers and contractors. In general, contractors were not as aware of the availability and transferability of advanced technology for the apparel industry as manufacturers. Manufacturers and contractors who had some formal training with CAD/CAM systems had more positive attitudes toward the competitiveness of the industry with imported products. It is recommended that the apparel industry in the state explore the technological options available to modernize for a more competitive future.


The invention discloses an elevator cabin guide rail bracket for an expresselevator. The guide rail bracket comprises an adjusting bracket, guide rail pressing plates and a fixing bracket, wherein the fixing bracket comprises two fixing bracket steel angles; the adjusting bracket has a trapezoidal structure formed by bending two ends of steel angles, and comprises a first supporting arm steel angle and a second support arm steel angle positioned on two sides, and a connecting arm steel angle positioned between two supporting arm steel angles and welded on bent seams; two ends of the adjusting bracket are respectively arranged on a horizontal connecting surface of the two fixing bracket steel angles and are mutually welded with the fixing bracket steel angles; and two guide rail pressing plates are connected to a vertical connecting surface of the connecting arm steel angle. The guide rail bracket has the advantages of high rigidity and tensile strength, wide adjusting range, and convenient installation.


In the area of technological advancement, environmental awareness are always drawing the attention of the scientists for eco-friendly and recyclable products. Different kinds of composite materials are available in the world fabricated from different materials. Natural composite fabricated from natural fiber are attracted the researchers because of their unique characteristics like bio-degradable, availability, non-toxic nature etc. In this study, a new composite materials of epoxy matrix reinforced with three different fillers (banana fiber, jute fiber and jute fabricate bio-degradable polythene) have been prepared by die molding process. Different cylindrical block have been made using different types of fiber size with equal weight ratio and different weight ratio of fiber and epoxy resin. The center composite design protocol along with the response surface method has been adopted for compression testing of composite materials. A quadratic model has been proposed to predict the compressive load of the molded green composite materials within five levels of the two process parameters. Statistical tools are used for best fitting of the developed quadratic model and desirability analysis is coupled with it in order to find out the optimum process condition for which maximum compressive load is achieved. It has been observed that grain size more than 1 mm and the weight ratio between fiber and resin close to 50% shows the better compressive strength for this particular composite material within this experimental limit.


A numerical simulation model based on finite element analysis was established in this article to determine the temperature distribution in wood during an insecticidal heating treatment. The calculated temperature was compared with that measured from a typical operation and shows the feasibility of applying finite element analysis to predict the thermal response of wood. On the basis of the results, further experiments were conducted to analyze the effects on the shape of wood sections, the temperature elevation rate and heat preservation value as a result of the thermal response of wood. The calculated results provide a theoretical reference for designing a monitoring system and operating process for insecticidal treatment of wood.


The physicochemical properties of rice flour produced by 3 different grinding methods using various steeping times (3, 6, 9, and 12 hrs) were investigated. Roller mill gave coarse rice flour; the pin mill, intermediate flour; and mixed when both (roller & pin mills) were used. With the increase of steeping times, the rice flours became finer and the contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude ash decreased. Damaged starch was noticeably high in rice flour by roller & pin mills compared to those by roller or pin mills alone. Amylose contents, solubility and swelling power increased as the steeping times increased. Water binding capacity was the highest in roller & pin mills, followed by pin mill. In scanning electron microscope (SEM), pin mill showed distribution of separated fine particles of rice flours. The physicochemical properties of rice flours showed many differences by steeping times of rice and grinding methods. With sufficient steeping times, the rice flours obtained from pin mill were relatively fine having less damaged starch.


Abstract The models of the distribution of the elements of the geomagnetic field must be updated regularly. For this purpose geomagnetic measurements have to be carried out repeatedly at geomagnetic observatories as well as at temporary observation points. In this paper the results of the geomagnetic survey that was carried out in Slovakia in the year 2014 are presented. The measurements were performed at 12 observation points and they were reduced to the 2014.5 epoch. The secular variation between 2007.5 and 2014.5 was also calculated. The obtained values of the geomagnetic elements were used for calculating a 1st-degree polynomial model for the distribution of magnetic declination, inclination and total field. The comparison with the IGRF model showed that the polynomial model provided more accurate results for magnetic inclination and total field. For magnetic declination, on the contrary, the IGRF model produced slightly better results than the polynomial model.


. This paper presents a glue pellet control system for assembly of electronic components on printed circuit boards, which has an objective to control silicone glue to achieve constant volume and helps to reduce wastes as required by the company using the motor control technique. The experimental results of the proposed system were evaluated and compared to the previous system, which was the air compressing system. The test results were found that the weight and volume of the silicone glue using the proposed system providing more accuracy and precision than the pneumatic by 0.0013 compared to 0.0021; 38%. In addition, the system also provided better full usage of glue from the tube compared to the previous system.


In this paper, we present a deep hybrid model to detect abnormal flights. Deep hybrid models for anomaly detection use deep neural networks mainly autoencoder as feature extractors, the features learned within the hidden representations of autoencoder are then input to cluster algorithm to detect abnormal flights. The model can detect flight anomalies and associated risks without requiring predefined criteria or domain knowledge. In this paper, 2018 annual flight data of Daocheng Yading airport was taken as the experimental data which contains 981 flights. Our model performed well and 91 abnormal flights were detected.


This paper highlights the process of supervision that aims to developing critical thinking amongst social work students by consciously creating spaces for them, so as to enable them to reflect upon their own position and the social context within which the individuals, groups and societies exist. It is hoped that the paper will generate debate as well as a critical and constructive evaluation of the role of supervision in the context of third world countries, which face the problem of structural inequality in their societies. The paper is also expected to provide insights for fieldwork supervisors who may wish to challenge their students to question the existing status quo in the society. The paper is based entirely on the author's experiences as a field work supervisor, her observations and discussions with students during individual conferences, group meetings, community field visits and through fieldwork reports of the students.


Due to the emergence of multi‐drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, there is an urgent need to search for new antimycobacterial drugs. The present work describes the bioactivity‐guided fractionation of Chamaedora tepejilote hexane extract which led to the isolation and the characterization of squalene, farnesol, methylic ester of hexadecanoic acid, β‐sitosterol and ursolic acid. Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, determined by radiorespirometric Bactec assay, showed ursolic acid, squalene and farnesol to produce a M. tuberculosis growth inhibition of 99% at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


To produce monthly employment and unemployment estimates for all 50 States, the District of Columbia and selected metropolitan areas, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) uses time series models applied to estimates from the Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS design raises two types of problems for time series modeling. The first, and most obvious, is the variability in the data due to small samples. Secondly, the CPS has an overlapping design that induces strong autocorrela tions in the survey errors (SE).


This paper presents a theoretical approach and a computational approach of the main aeroelasticity problems that appear at wind turbine blades. The stall flutter is studied with typical section model, and the full‐scale blade is analyzed using CFD programs and other software.


It is argued that cholinergic drugs have an effect on both attentional and memory aspects of information processing. This thesis is supported by studies with anticholinesterases, cholinolytics, and nicotine.