Embodiment provides a moving redirection processing method and apparatus according to the present invention, the method comprising: with the configuration of the topology of bone joints, and the symmetry of the bone and joints motion data to determine characteristic of the bone joints the location and name of the source bone and the bone comprising a target bone; the name and location of the name and location of the first feature points of the source bone joint and a second joint feature point of the target bone, the source for skeletal bone joint to the target point mapping process; the articulation point of the source bone motion data is transmitted to the joint point of the target bone, the aspect of the present invention can improve the accuracy of motion maps bone redirect .


Compatibility of the Reggeized form of QCD multi-particle amplitudes with the s-channel unitarity requires fulfilment of an infinite number of the "bootstrap" relations. On the other hand, it turns out that fulfillment of all these relations ensures the Reggeized form of energy dependent radiative corrections order by order in perturbation theory. It is extremely nontrivial, that all these relations are fulfilled if the Reggeon vertices and trajectory satisfy several bootstrap conditions. The full set of these conditions in the next-to-leading order was derived in the last year and the ultimate condition was shown to be satisfied recently. It means that the Reggeization hypothesis is proved now in the next-to-leading approximation.


Individual space-speed profiles are very informative to study drivers behavior and their road usage. Due to uncertainties in the measurements of position and speed from sensors, there is need of use a smoothing procedure in order to estimate these space-speed profiles. The purpose of this study is to propose a smoothing method based on a functional approach. This approach take inspiration from Functional Data Analysis, a statistical domain that has developed recently. So, we define and study some properties of the functional space of space speed profiles. Then, due to the correspondence between speed and position (and implicitly time), we prove that a change of study area (distance vs time) is more appropriate and leads to a smoothing problem under monotonicity constraint. An estimation method of monotone smoothing spline is used and tested with simulated data.


ABSTRACT In light of Government endeavours to transform New Zealand's (NZ) mental health system and services, this short communication reports on secondary qualitative data on barriers to positive outcomes in treatment of patients at risk for suicide (PRS) from the unique multi-disciplinary perspective of 12 positively inclined clinicians. According to grounded theory, interview data were collected and analysed iteratively until we reached data saturation. We present these data in two categories, distal barriers, that is those emanating from the context of practice, and proximal barriers, that is those emanating from clinicians themselves. Overall, the 12 clinicians interviewed converged in describing experiencing the NZ mental health system as interfering rather than supporting their clinical endeavours with PRS, and NZ clinical training as partially failing to prepare them for clinical suicidology. Despite limitations due to the secondary nature of these data, this short communication provides insights into the subjective experience of positively inclined clinicians, a unique professional group, in relation to a health challenge of national importance, and invites consideration that positively inclined clinicians might represent a valuable source of information in relation to improving suicidal patients' care in NZ.


The Talbot effect in quantum physics is known to produce intricate patterns in the probability distribution of a particle, known as "quantum carpets", corresponding to the revival and replication of the initial wave function. Recently, it was shown that one can encode a $D$-level qudit, in such a way that the Talbot effect can be used to process the $D$-dimensional quantum information [Far\'{\i}as et al, PRA (2015)]. Here we introduce a scheme to produce free-propagating "entangled quantum carpets" with pairs of photons produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. First we introduce an optical device that can be used to synthesize arbitrary superposition states of Talbot qudits. Sending spatially entangled photon pairs through a pair of these devices produces an entangled pair of qudits. As an application, we show how the Talbot effect can be used to test a $D$-dimensional Bell inequality. Numerical simulations show that violation of the Bell inequality depends strongly on the amount of spatial correlation in the initial two-photon state. We briefly discuss how our optical scheme might be adapted to matter wave experiments.


In recent years, disasters have continued and disaster rescue has become a global hotspot. The development of disaster rescue in the United States and Japan is relatively mature and the system is relatively complete. In contrast, China's disaster rescue starts late and is still in its infancy. This paper tries to summarize the research status of disaster rescue in the United States, Japan and China and illustrate its implications to China's disaster rescue in the future.

Key words:
Disaster; Rescue; Research status; Implication


Abstract Purpose To assess the relationship between combined contraceptive vaginal ring (CVR) and vaginal microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Materials and methods We enrolled 20 women for 8 weeks in an open-label study using CVR (NuvaRing®) that delivered 15 mcg ethinylestradiol and 120 mcg etonogestrel daily. The vaginal microbiome was assessed at baseline and after 2 months by sequencing the 16S rRNA genes amplified from the total genomic DNA isolated from the sample. Results Bacterial distribution richness and equity did not significantly change after 2 months, and the dominant bacterial strain was Lactobacillus crispatus. Only one woman with a history of vestibulodynia and recurrent vulvovaginitis showed an increase in bacterial biodiversity, with a switch to the relative abundance of anaerobic bacteria. Conclusions Our results suggest that CVR does not adversely affect the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiome. However, special care should be taken in patients with a history of vestibulodynia and/or recurrent vulvovaginal infections. SHORT CONDENSATION Contraceptive vaginal ring does not adversely affect vaginal microbiome except in the case of recurrent vulvovaginal infections or vestibulodynia.


The short term load forecasting plays a critical role in power system operation and economics. The accuracy of short term load forecasting is very important since it affects generation scheduling and electricity prices, and hence an accurate short term load forecasting method should be used. This paper proposes a Genetic Algorithm optimized Radial Basis Function network (GA-RBF) with a fuzzy corrector for the problem of short term load forecasting. In order to demonstrate this system capability, the system has been compared with four well known techniques in the area of load forecasting. These techniques are the multi-layer feed forward neural network, the RBF network, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference System and the genetic programming. The data used in this study is a real data of the Egyptian electrical network. The weather factors represented in the minimum and the maximum daily temperature have been included in this study. The GA-RBF with the fuzzy corrector has successfully forecasted the future load with high accuracy compared to that of the other load forecasting techniques included in this study.


but so far no data about this transcriptional factor have been published for malignant plasma cells. FOXP1 is considered a potential therapeutic target in a variety of cancers. Koon et al. wrote a review in 2007 about FOXP1 changes in gastrointestinal, lung, head, neck and breast cancer, genitourinary malignancies and B-cell lymphomas. They stated that FOXP1-directed therapy could have significant potential, but that many data about FOXP1 function are still missing. It is still not clear whether FOXP1 acts as an oncogene or tumour suppressor, or if there are other, as yet uninvestigated malignancies in which it has prognostic value. Our data describe a case of MM with hyperploidy, multiple IgH translocations and FOXP1 expression; to our knowledge this is the first reported case with six translocated genes as well as the first reported case of FOXP1 expression in malignant plasma cells. It demonstrates the need for further investigation into the prognostic value of FOXP1 protein expression in MM.


Group classification of a class of third-order nonlinear evolution equations generalizing KdV and mKdV equations is performed. It is shown that there are two equations admitting simple Lie algebras of dimension three. Next, we prove that there exist only four equations invariant with respect to Lie algebras having nontrivial Levi factors of dimension four and six. Our analysis shows that there are no equations invariant under algebras which are semi-direct sums of Levi factor and radical. Making use of these results we prove that there are three, nine, thirty-eight, fifty-two inequivalent KdV-type nonlinear evolution equations admitting one-, two-, three-, and four-dimensional solvable Lie algebras, respectively. Finally, we perform a complete group classification of the most general linear third-order evolution equation.


In previous accounts (MacArthur and MacArthur 1961; MacArthur, MacArthur and Preer, 1962) the following conclusions were suggested for Eastern deciduous forests. 1) The amount of vegetation, measured in area of leaves per unit volume of space, which lies in each of three horizontal layers corresponding to herbs, shrubs, and trees over 25' tall, determines the diversity of bird species which will breed in five acres of that habitat. 2) The number of breeding bird species is greatest when the three layers have equal amounts of foliage. 3) Knowledge of the number of plant species, or their volume, does not improve our prediction of the number of bird species. 4) In fields, bushy fields and other early stages in forest succession, the actual bird species and their abundances can be predicted from measurements of the variety of patches of vegetation present, by showing that each bird species has a preference for a certain characteristic proportion of foliage in each layer. It is the purpose of this report to extend these conclusions, where possible, to more complicated habitats and to produce a general synthesis of the partitioning of the environment among breeding bird species.


the Baroque writers used the term "Gothic" synonymously with barbarous. Poets like Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, philosophers like the great Scholastics who introduced Aristotelianism into European thinking, and artists like Giotto, were not included in this condemnation: they were not considered Gothic, but ranked among the founders of modern times. Italy had never fully accepted Northern Gothicism, and France, where Gothic art had reached its most sublime heights, had turned away from it to the renaissance of classic harmony earlier and with more determination than the Germanic nations of Europe. Up to this day, the spirit which Baroque rejected in the form of Gothicism, remained repugnant to the Latin world, as the example of Santayana shows, who calls the world dominated by it "morose and barbarous at its inmost core."


A new quasiconstant hysteretic current mode control is presented by introducing a switching frequency feedback to the normal hysteretic control. The merits of the new control approach are good stability and fast dynamic response. The switching frequency is stabilized within small range around the reference frequency, which makes the design of the filtering circuit become easier. Experiments are carried out to test the stability and the dynamic performance of the new control approach.


This paper analyzes the relationship and impact of stress-resistant institutional investors and stress-sensitive institutional investors on institutional investors' shareholding on corporate risk-taking, using a sample of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2020. It was found that (1) the shareholding ratio of stress-resistant institutional investors was negatively related to the level of corporate risk-taking; (2) while the shareholding ratio of stress-sensitive institutional investors was not significantly related to the level of corporate risk-taking. Studying the impact of institutional investor shareholding on corporate risk-taking, and implementing effective measures to improve the level of corporate risk-taking will help corporates to develop healthily and the economy to grow steadily.


PC‐3 prostate cancer cell growth is inhibited by 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 D) and retinoids, but not to the same extent as the androgen receptor (AR) positive LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Previous reports suggest a role for AR in growth inhibition of LNCaP cells by 1,25 D and retinoids. PC‐3 cells do not express AR. We therefore asked whether re‐expression of AR would enhance the response of PC‐3 cells to 1,25 D and retinoids.


The effects o f thidiazuron (TDZ) on adventitious shoot bud formation from leaf and peti ole explants excised from in-vitro-grown plantlets o f a begonia were tested by a two-step procedure: a short exposure (5 to 120 min) to 40 pM TDZ in liquid MS medium followed by culture on agar-solidified MS medium without growth regulators. Exposure of explains for five min to TDZ induced bud formation, but the number o f buds was in creased with prolonged exposure. Sixty min exposure to TDZ resulted in the highest mean number o f regenerated shoots (24/leaf disc: 44/petiole segment after five weeks o f cul ture). Shoots generated after two weeks in culture without, or with a small amount of, cal lus. During the third and fourth week in culture shoots developed small roots, and from the mother explant separated shoots elongated and further developed. The sucrose concentra tion in the basal expression medium influenced the efficiency of shoot organogenesis. The frequency of shoot formation tended to increase when the medium was supplemented with 2% sucrose instead with 3%.


We present combinatorial rules (one theorem and two conjectures) concerning three bases of Z[x1,x2,....]. First, we prove a "splitting" rule for the basis of key polynomials [Demazure '74], thereby establishing a new positivity theorem about them. Second, we introduce an extension of [Kohnert '90]'s "moves" to conjecture the first combinatorial rule for a certain deformation [Lascoux '01] of the key polynomials. Third, we use the same extension to conjecture a new rule for the Grothendieck polynomials [Lascoux-Schutzenberger '82].


This study aims to determine the effect of dividend policy (DPR) and capital structure (DER) on stock prices in manufacturing companies on the Indonesian stock exchange either partially or simultaneously. The data in this study were obtained from the Indonesian Stock Exchange, which is willing to be a respondent.
This study uses a quantitative research approach. The sample used is the annual financial statements for the period 2012-2014. Quantitative data analysis method by conducting research directly in the field. By taking the data used is multiple linear regression analysis which is processed using SPSS 20.
The research results show that. Partially, dividend policy has no significant positive effect on stock prices and capital structure and has a significant negative effect on stock prices.


Rhodoliths are free-living calcareous nodules composed of non-geniculate coralline Rhodophyta algae. One potential rhodolith bioturbator is the sand tilefish Malacanthus plumieri, which builds mounds with these nodules over sand bottoms. Here, we tested (1) whether mounds act as a different habitat within a rhodolith bed, supporting specific associated assemblages, and (2) the potential role of M. plumieri as a bioturbation agent on rhodolith beds. We used multiple techniques (benthic and fish assemblage assessments, and videos with marked rhodoliths to assess fish behavior) to compare fish-built mounds with non-mounded control areas. M. plumieri was not observed removing rhodoliths from mounds; however, it spent 15% of its time rearranging mounds or adding new rhodoliths to the mound. A higher fish richness was recorded on mounds (mean = 9.4 ± SE 1.7) compared with the non-mounded control areas (5.5 ± SE 2.7) (t = −2.2; p < 0.05). The benthic assemblages also differed between the mounds and the control areas (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 11.8 and p < 0.01). The categories that contributed most to dissimilarity between mounds and non-mounded control areas (SIMPER) were crustose coralline algae free of epiphytes and sand (15.5%), Dictyota jamaicensis (9.8%), Dictyota pulchella (9.4%), sand (9.3%) and Dictyopteris justii (8.2%). Because of their contribution to seascape heterogeneity, we suggest that the presence of M. plumieri mounds is an important variable in predicting diversity in rhodolith beds.


An endoscopic antral biopsy specimen was taken from a 48-year-old, white woman with iron deficiency anemia who was currently taking ferrous sulfate, 250-mg tablets, twice a day. Microscopic examination of the biopsy specimen revealed oxyntic and transitional mucosa with marked crystalline, brown-pigmented material deposited in the superficial mucosa (Figure 1, original magnification 364). Mucosal injury was apparent, including pyknotic nuclei and distortion of the epithelium associated with encrustation of iron material. In addition, focal luminal acute inflammatory exudates and mucosal erosion were evident. An iron stain (Gomori method) confirmed that the brown pigment material was crystalline iron (Figure 2, original magnification 364). The iron stain also highlighted hemosiderin pigment accumulation in the deep fundic glands. No Helicobacter pylori organisms or intestinal metaplasia were identified on special stains (Giemsa and periodic acid‐Schiff/Alcian blue). Oral iron medication has been widely used for prevention and treatment of anemia. It is well recognized that iron overdose can cause severe corrosive injury to the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes mucosal necrosis, ulceration, and ischemia. Although mucosal injury that results from iron tablet ingestion at the therapeutic level has been rarely reported, 1,2 it can be seen in approximately 1% of biopsy specimens taken from the upper GI tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, during endoscopic examinations. 1 Ferrous sulfate is the most common iron medication associated with the pathologic findings. The diagnosis of iron deposition in the mucosa is straightforward. Material from iron tablets has a characteristic brown crystalline and clumpy fibrillar appearance. It represents oxidized inorganic iron and is refractile but not polarizing. Most of the iron is extracellular. It can be luminal, lying adjacent to the surface epithelium and admixed with luminal fibrinoinflammatory exudates. In addition, crystalline iron is often seen in the lamina propria or granulation tissue or forming iron-containing thrombi in blood vessels. 1,2 The crystalline iron can be easily distinguished from hemosiderin pigments despite positive staining by iron for both substances. The latter is intra


Network protocols are hard to test due to the many nondeterministic events they handle. Protocol implementers must carefully handle all possible events (timeouts, packet losses, network failures) in all possible protocol and network states. Conventional testing can explore only a minute fraction of the exponential number of such combinations, leaving a residue of errors even in well-tested systems.
This thesis proposes CMC a C Model Checker specifically designed to find and diagnose deep errors in network protocol implementations. CMC works directly description. Thus, CMC avoids the upfront cost traditionally associated with model checking, making it practical to scale to large systems.
This thesis applies CMC to two network protocols: AODV & TCP. CMC checked three publicly available AODV implementations and found a total of 35 errors including an error in the underlying AODV protocol specification. CMC successfully checked the Linux TCP implementation, demonstrating its applicability to large, complex systems. It found four instances where the particular TCP implementation checked (version 2.4.19) fails to satisfy the TCP specification.


Polystyrene foams have various applications, and cutting of them is usually performed with a heated metal wire. However, it has recently been reported that micro- and nanoparticles are released by such thermal cutting at a rate of a few billion particles per second, and these particles have a high likelihood of getting into the respiratory system of the operator. HBCD, as the additive flame retardant, can also be released and is mostly incorporated into the emitted particles.


The article researches the process of forming an international marketing strategy of an enterprise, taking into account the globalization of enterprise activities. The theoretical aspects of globalization are considered, namely: the essence of globalization and the international global market, market conditions for the functioning of business structures. It is noted that the global market as a component of the global economy balances global supply and demand in the market, and the company's success in the global market is achieved only through the development and adherence to a long-term development plan, which is its international strategy. It is proved that the formation of an international marketing strategy should be performed according to a certain algorithm, based on market research, which consists of gathering information about the potential of the market to which it is planned to enter, studying its features, and the features of international business in general. It is noted that the necessary stage of formation is the segmentation of the market of goods and services in order to find groups of consumers or buyers with the same characteristics for one type of goods, which in the future provides the opportunity to form a trade policy precisely for the globalization of the enterprise. The article substantiates the levels according to which an international strategy should be formed – corporate, functional and instrumental. Also, the article considers the ways of entering the market, which depend on the scale of the enterprise's activities, the purpose in general, and the product to be sold on the international market. The importance of determining before the enterprise enters the international market marketing communications that must be implemented and used at the enterprise and the presence of a distribution system at the enterprise, which includes the choice of distribution channels, sales conditions, training of sales personnel, tasks of sales personnel, is indicated. It is emphasized that when entering international markets, enterprises should use international marketing tools, the content of which is important in modern realities, and its principles are vital.


Blood-brain barrier permeability to L-Iactate was studied in 18 patients with the double indicator tech nique. Venous outflow curves were obtained during normo-and hypercapnia and were analyzed by means of a model that takes tracer backflux and capillary hetero geneity of transit times into account. The average unidi rectional extraction of L-Iactate was 15%; the transport from the blood to the brain (PS I) was 0.081 ml g-I min-I and the transport from the brain to the blood (PS 2) was on the same order of magnitude. In hypercapnia. arterial pH Lactate is a key intermediate in brain ischemia, where it is produced at increased rates, and this may have deleterious effects upon the course of brain infarction. The transport of lactate across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) therefore becomes of major interest. Furthermore, in brain ischemia, tis sue pH and maybe also local plasma pH change, and this may effect the transfer rates. The transport kinetics across the BBB in humans has so far not been described. In rats, L-lactate has been shown to cross the BBB by means of facilitated diffusion me diated by a stereospecific monocarboxylic acid car rier (Nemoto and Severinghaus, 1971; Oldendorf, 1972). This carrier permits the escape of lactate from the brain, the brain normally exhibiting a small net efflux of lactate (Drewes et aI., 1973). The present study investigated the bidirectional transport across the human BBB of lactate and the influence of hypercapnia upon this transport. 581 significantly by 110%. PS 2 also increased although a sta tistically significant difference compared to the resting state was not reached. It is concluded that L-Iactate is easily taken up by the human brain, and that the mecha nism by which it crosses the blood-brain barrier is equil ibrative. Furthermore, the brain permeability to lactate is enhanced by hypercapnia and the mechanism is believed to act through the decrease in pH. Key Words: Blood brain barrier-Humans-Lactate-pH dependence Double indicator technique. Eighteen patients (mean age of 46 ± 12 years, range of 24 to 71 years) hospitalized for various cerebral disorders requiring carotid angiograms were studied in connection with the angiography after informed consent had been obtained. The study was conducted in agreement with the local ethical committee. Patients with major cerebral le sions (e.g., larger tumors) that might interfere with BBB function were excluded. After percutaneous punctures in the neck under local anesthesia, using the Seldinger technique …


This study examined US high school social studies teachers' self-efficacy in teaching the federal budget, national debt and budget deficit prior to and after implementing a pilot curriculum on these topics. The authors examined 24 teachers' topical knowledge, inquiry-based instructional skills in democratic-dialogue-focused lessons and attitudes in civic engagement activities by using baseline and post-self-efficacy surveys, and interviews. The findings revealed that the implemented pilot curriculum had no effect on teachers' confidence of topical knowledge in teaching the topics, while a positive effect was found in the confidence of teachers in facilitating democratic dialogue. Additionally, after using the curriculum, teachers showed an increase in their belief that citizens can make a difference in society. The qualitative data from interviews with the teachers confirmed the survey results, and the teachers' positive perceptions of the curriculum experience suggested an overall success of the curriculum experience for teachers' self-efficacy. The authors believe the findings are suggestive of a process of learning that teachers themselves undertake in mastering content knowledge. An understanding of how teachers confront economic and public policy teaching tools and increases in self-efficacy may result in more empowered teachers and informed students.


Based on the native greening trees and introduction trees in Wuxi city,by the three aspects of the habits,the level and the ornamental quality were investigated.The results showed that over 105 tree species were local tree,of which 59 species were deciduous trees,46 species were evergreen trees,and the ratio of spices of deciduous to evergreen was 1.3∶1.Over 59 tree species were deciduous trees,of which 49 species were arbors,10 species shrubs,and the ratio of spices of shrub to arbor was 5∶1.There were 34 foliage species,16 flower specises,and 10 fruit species.Meanwhile over 46 species were evergreen tree,of which 25 species were arbors,21 species shrubs,and the ratio of spices of shrub to arbor was 1.1∶1.There were 32 species were foliage type,7 flower type,and 7 fruit type.


Post-harvest activities, namely sorting and grading, are usually done by the visual method by looking at the color or the size of the fruit. Technological advancements by using computer assistance make harvesting and detecting the ripening process of tomatoes easier. The purpose of this research is to apply the Hue, Intensity, Saturation (HIS) color transformation method to detect the ripeness of vegetable tomatoes and determine the accuracy of the HIS and Red, Green, Blue (RGB) methods. In this research, some samples of tomatoes' RGB values were taken through image processing by ripening level, between unripe, under-ripe, and ripe. After the RGB value is obtained, it will be converted into HIS using means, variance, and range color feature extraction. In classifying this research using the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. With the results, the accuracy of the KNN method is better than SVM with an average of 87.80% and 74.38%. The result of this research indicates that the more accurate method is HIS with an average of 89.65% compared to the RGB method with an average of 89.35% and the CIElab method with an average of 84.41%. This is because it is easier for HIS to identify objects with different hues by providing a threshold value in the range of hue values (spectral wavelengths) that surround the object.


Zinc(Zn) is an essential micronutrient for humans,but Zn deficiency has become serious as equally as iron(Fe) and vitamin A deficiencies nowadays.Selection and breeding of high Zn-density crops is a suitable,cost-effective,and sustainable way to improve human health.However,the mechanism of high Zn density in rice grain is not fully understood,especially how Zn transports from soil to grains.Hydroponics experiments were carried out to compare Zn uptake and distribution in two different Zn-density rice genotypes using stable isotope technique.At seedling stage,IR68144 showed higher 68Zn uptake and transport rate to the shoot for the short-term,but no signifi-cant difference was observed in both genotypes for the long-term.Zn in xylem sap of IR68144 was consistently higher,and IR68144 exhibited higher Zn absorption ratio than IR64 at sufficient(2.0 μmol/L) or surplus(8.0 μmol/L) Zn supply level.IR64 and IR68144 showed similar patterns of 68Zn accumulation in new leaves at seedling stage and in de-veloping grains at ripening stage,whereas 68Zn in new leaves and grains of IR68144 was consistently higher.These results suggested that a rapid root-to-shoot translocation and enhanced xylem loading capacity may be the crucial processes for high Zn density in rice grains.


There are four main issues in the generative analysis of Chinese tone:(1) the structure of tone,that is,the relationship between pitch height(register) and pitch contour;(2) the relationship between the structure of tone and structural properties of tone sandhi;(3) the relationship between tone and syllable;(4)the formation of sandhi domain and the relationship between the domain-internal structure and tone sandhi.Against these four issues,the paper investigates the typology and characteristics of Chinese tone sandhi.


Brain health is an important focus for coming decades due to population ageing. Although the term 'brain health' is increasingly used in lay and professional settings, a clear definition of the term is lacking. We conducted an analysis of the concept of brain health to inform policy, practice, and research.


RNA interference(RNAi) is a process induced by double stranded RNA and regulates the corresponding gene expression and gene silencing at mRNA level.As a conserved mechanism,it functions in kinds of eukaryotes and participates into the development regulation,antivirus defense,genetic damage repair,gene expression regulation and other important processes of life.There are initiation step,effecter step and amplification step in RNAi pathway where Dicer,AGO,RdRP and other proteins function alone or together.Here,we reviewed the advance of RNAi mechanism and functions of the main proteins in RNAi.


The use of commercially available digital computer systems and components in safety critical systems (nuclear power plant, military, and commercial applications) is increasing rapidly. Commercial dedication (the process of assuring that a commercial grade item will perform its intended safety function) has demonstrated benefits in cost savings and a wide base of user experience, however, care must be taken to avoid difficulties with some aspects of the dedication process such as access to vendor development information, configuration management, long term support, and system integration.


The purpose of the research is to develop a mechanism of process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness of the enterprise in terms of the economic processes informatization. The following general scientific and applied research methods were used in the research process: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction were used in the process management of determining the methodological basis of the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness; systematization and generalization in the process of clarifying the purpose, object and subject of the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness; the method of abstraction and formalization — to substantiate the conceptual provisions of the process management mechanism of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness in terms of the economic processes informatization; monographic methods — for in-depth study of the tasks; abstract-logical methods — for theoretical generalization of research results and formulation of conclusions and suggestions. The suggested mechanism for the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness in terms of the economic processes informatization allows to determine the level of resource potential and a better choice of the optimal competitive strategy of the enterprise development, and decision making will more precisely justify specific measures to strengthen the market position. The practical significance of the study is, first of all, to build a scheme for the process management of ensuring the enterprise competitiveness of in terms of the economic processes informatization, which creates prerequisites for a responsible and sound policy to improve the management of competitiveness. Originality lies in substantiating the structural elements of the process management of ensuring the competitiveness of the enterprise in terms of the economic processes informatization that affect and determine measures to improve the management of the enterprise competitiveness, which combines the study of active business processes, financial support and information support.


(joint work with Andrew J. Sommese and Charles W. Wampler). Over the past decade, many algorithms have been developed for the numerical irreducible decomposition of the solution sets of polynomial systems. These algorithms form the foundation of the field of numerical algebraic geometry. At the crux of all such algorithms lies the technique of homotopy continuation, a method for numerical path-following. Homotopy continuation is straightforward and robust if the solution curves to be traced are not near singularities. However, in the presence of singularities, the necessary linear algebra operations grind to a halt due to a lack of numerical precision. Therefore, by increasing precision adaptively in such situations, one may have more success in path-tracking. In this talk, I will briefly describe the effects of ill-conditioning on homotopy continuation, a new technique involving adaptive precision path-tracking, and the implementation of this technique in the software package Bertini, which is being developed by the authors. Zhewei Dai (Alma College): Local Regularization of the Autoconvolution Problem. We develop a local regularization theory for the nonlinear autoconvolution problem. Unlike the classic regularization techniques such as Tikhonov regu-larization, this theory provides regularization methods that preserve the causal nature of the autoconvolution problem, allowing for fast sequential numerical solution. We prove the convergence of the regularized solutions to the true solution as the noise level in the data shrinks to zero, with a certain convergence rate. We propose several regularization methods and provide theoretic basis for their convergence. Our numerical results confirm effectiveness of the methods, suggesting superiority of our methods over the existing ones, especially in recovering sharp features in the solution. (joint work with Richard Moeckel). The stationary configurations of four point vortices (configurations which do not change shape or size) consist of equilibria, uniformly rotating relative equilibria, and rigidly translating configurations. We investigate the finiteness of such configurations for any four nonzero vorticities. Along the way some upper and lower bounds for such configurations are also found, as well as some open questions. The techniques used in the proofs include computational algebra (resultants, Groebner bases) and BKK theory. The input to our algorithms is a " noisy " multivariate polynomial f (x, y, ...), that is, the complex rational coefficients of f are considered imprecise with an unknown error that causes f to be irreducible over the complex numbers C. Such errors could have resulted from a physical measurement or from the …


Providing adequate perioperative analgesia and sedation while minimizing respiratory depression remains an elusive goal. The past year has witnessed continued evaluation of the respiratory effects of agonist and antagonist drugs, administered by various routes, individually as well as in combination


The comparison was performed between the two kind of solution system, sodium hydroxide/glycol and sodium hydroxide/isopropanol. Textured Si structure for nano-crystalline silicon film solar cell was prepared with sodium hydroxide/isopropanol under different corrosion time and corrosion temperature, and the optimized preparation technology of textured Si structure were gained and textured nano-crystalline silicon film solar cell was prepared successfully. The results show that the monocrystalline silicon subtrates possess integrate and regular pyramid type textured structures, and the reflectivity of textured silicon substrate is 11.02%. Testing on the standard condition (AM1.5,radiation intensity of 0.1 W/cm2,(25±1)℃), the cell with performance parameters of S = 1 cm2,Voc= 528 mV,Isc = 28.8 mA and η = 7.2% can be obtained. Compared to the cell without textured Si structure, the transfer efficiency is improved by 2.4%.


Seven varieties of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) from the Germoplasma Bank located at the Álvaro Barba Machado Experimental Agricultural Station, belonging to the Universidad Central  ̈Marta Abreu ̈ de Las Villas were analyzed to determine % moisture, % total fat , % of ashes, % of non-digestible fiber and % of carbohydrates. Determining the energy, to evaluating the most suitable for human and animal


BEING HUMAN suggests an absence of sniped fur or claws. But practice nurses do have something in common with tigers - that intuition which allows us to relate to our patients during consultations.


Online E-commence system has been growing rapidly in world. It's become an increasingly popular method for commercial procurement. This study will come out with a model of online bidding system (OBS) can be bid in a computerized environment. The framework is designed to be a simple and easy to use the system. It provides real-time information during the bidding so that seller can check the current price for the registration number and revise his bid. At the same time, it could help buyer to notify the winner within open bidding process. Utilize the features like bid notification, OBS system will help buyer and seller to obtain fair price with great efficiency.


In this article, a new fault diagnosis problem is formulated, which involves a large number of normal samples and in which almost all the fault classes are few-shot classes. Although this problem is common in many industrial scenarios, it remains a challenge overlooked in previous studies. To develop a novel solution for addressing this challenge, we employ long-tailed distribution in this work and name this new task the long-tailed fault diagnosis accordingly. Specifically, we divide the long-tailed fault diagnosis procedure into representation learning and classification. On this basis, we propose a method using progressively balanced supervised contrastive learning (PBS-SCL) for representation learning and a learnable linear classifier (LLC) for classification. The designed scheme consists of two phases. In the first phase, PBS-SCL is utilized to learn a more discriminative deep representation. In the second phase, an LLC is combined with the learned representation for better classification. Experiments are conducted on both the Tennessee Eastman process (TEP) benchmark dataset and a practical plasma etching process dataset. The results obtained show that the proposed method achieves significantly improved long-tailed fault diagnosis performance compared with existing methods.


ABSTRACT The power industry is facing a great deal of ample generation, and with constant fluctuations in load on a daily basis, the focus lies on meeting the requirement of peak load especially during peak hours. To understand this phenomenon and satisfy the urge to identify the primary consumers, as per the studies carried out, 60% of the load is due to Heating, Ventilation, and Air-conditioning systems and the remaining is accounted for by the lighting load. In this paper, the issues regarding the power demand and supply of energy-efficient buildings are presented. Attempts are made to review the different research works carried out in the field of economic analysis, thermal and solar modeling of the domestic and commercial buildings with the use of a renewable energy source, especially solar energy. Results provide a better understanding of the thermal modeling in buildings and depict an adaptive solution for load profile requirement and reduction of power dissipation.


To investigate differences in the frictional behavior between initially bare rock surfaces of serpentinite and powdered serpentinite ("gouge") at subseismic to seismic slip rates, we conducted single‐velocity step and multiple‐velocity step friction experiments on an antigorite‐rich and lizardite‐rich serpentinite at slip rates (V) from 0.003 m/s to 6.5 m/s, sliding displacements up to 1.6 m, and normal stresses (σn) up to 22 MPa for gouge and 97 MPa for bare surfaces. Nominal steady state friction values (μnss) in gouge at V = 1 m/s are larger than in bare surfaces for all σn tested and demonstrate a strong σn dependence; μnss decreased from 0.51 at 4.0 MPa to 0.39 at 22.4 MPa. Conversely, μnss values for bare surfaces remained ~0.1 with increasing σn and V. Additionally, the velocity at the onset of frictional weakening and the amount of slip prior to weakening were orders of magnitude larger in gouge than in bare surfaces. Extrapolation of the normal stress dependence for μnss suggests that the behavior of antigorite gouge approaches that of bare surfaces at σn ≥ 60 MPa. X‐ray diffraction revealed dehydration reaction products in samples that frictionally weakened. Microstructural analysis revealed highly localized slip zones with melt‐like textures in some cases gouge experiments and in all bare surfaces experiments for V ≥ 1 m/s. One‐dimensional thermal modeling indicates that flash heating causes frictional weakening in both bare surfaces and gouge. Friction values for gouge decrease at higher velocities and after longer displacements than bare surfaces because strain is more distributed.


A system (1) for controlling an electrically-assisted steering device may comprise a selection switch (100) which is adapted to select any steering mode from a plurality of steering modes (110), a control switch (200) which is adapted to a to change electric power for controlling the required steering force, a control part (300) which is adapted to detect the electric current according to a signal (at least one of the two switches, the selection switches (100) and / or the control switch 200) has been obtained, and to transmit a control signal according to the detected electrical current, and a driving part (400) which is adapted to control the steering force required in accordance with the control signal that has been obtained (from the control part 300) .


A simplified plasmonic lens composed of a single concentric annular ring with cross section of an asymmetric slot is proposed and investigated. By adding an auxiliary nanocavity under the primary annular slot, unidirectional plasmonic waves are efficiently launched to the inward direction and focused to a hot spot in the center. Due to the asymmetric slot, high excitation efficiency for unidirectional inward focusing can be achieved by numerically optimizing the geometric parameters of the single annular ring using the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method. The proposed structure can decrease background noises and prevent crosstalks of nearby components in optical networks. This advantage for the plasmonic lens would dramatically increase the integration level of future nanophotonic circuits and devices.


The form of the original stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm accords with the definition of forward Euler method, which has some inherent defects. Thus, in order to improve the original SGD algorithm, a Lagrange-type 1-step-ahead numerical differentiation method based parameter update algorithm is presented and validated. Instinctively, the new algorithm can fix some inherent flaws of the SGD algorithm. However, a series of experimental results show that the Lagrange-type 1-step-ahead numerical differentiation method cannot be applied to reduce the computational error of SGD. In addition, this method makes the model appear the phenomenon of non-convergence. Finally, on the basis of comparative experiments, the divergence phenomenon is analyzed and explained.


Formulas for calculating the flow rate ratio of each branch pipe are derived taking the diffuser effect on divided flow and the nozzle effect on confluent flow which is caused by branching streams in a header into consideration. Effects of the divided flow factor σD and of the confluent flow factor σo in those formulas on the flow rate ratio of each branch pipe are evaluated from the experimental results for water. The factors σD and σo are dimensionless numbers given by [numerical formula] where ησ is the diffuser factor which represents the pressure recovery factor due to branching of the fluid from a header, ψn is the nozzle factor due to adding of the fluid from branch pipes into a header, (ζ+λι/d) and m are the resistance coefficient of branch pipe and the ratio of crosssectional area of the header to one of the branch pipe respectively. A method for calculating the flow rate ratio of each branch pipe in the case where the inlet or the outlet of header is placed between both closed ends of the header is also presented.


With the arrival of the era of big data, information technology has greatly promoted the development of education, accelerated the transformation and innovation of educational mode. blended learning, which combines traditional classroom teaching and online learning, has become the mainstream mode of foreign language teaching in Universities in China. However, many problems arise in the process of blended learning in College English, which affects the effectiveness of blended learning and the achievement of teaching objectives. This study points out the possible problems in blended learning from both teachers' and students' perspective, and puts forward some strategies to improve the effectiveness of blended learning from the perspective of instructional design, teaching resources and learning evaluation.


. In this paper, a new class of harmonic univalent function using the modified Salagean differential operator is introduced. New results on the new class are obtained. Distortion bounds, Convolution and Convex combination in the new class are also established. The work extended some earlier results .


Using geostationary satellite data, we show that strong cloud perturbations downwind of isolated continental anthropogenic aerosol sources can live for multiple days, and 7% of tracks live longer than 48 hr. The median lifetime for polluted cloud tracks in Eastern Europe studied using Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager data is 18 hr but shows a strongly skewed distribution toward longer lifetimes. This suggests that ship‐track‐like cloud perturbations help infer causal relationships between aerosols and clouds. Strong anthropogenic cloud perturbations are usually visible until favorable liquid‐water low‐level clouds exist. Only in 12% of cases do liquid‐phase stratiform clouds persist, but tracks disappear. Longer‐lived tracks occur in anticyclonic conditions, and in case of statically very stable lower troposphere and low relative humidity above clouds.


A new species of the genus Metaphycus Mercet was reported from Yunnan Province,southwestern China.It was reared from soft scale insects Parasaissetia citricola(Kuwana).Metaphycus striatus,sp.nov.(figs.1-4).This species is related to Metaphycus parasaissetiae Zhang et Huang,but can be distinguished from the latter by: 1) antennal scape in outer aspect with dorsal margin dark,F1—F3 dark brown and F4—F6 white;2)F4—F5 larger than F1—F3;and 3)ovipositor about 6 times as long as gonostylus.Holotype 1♀,paratype 7♀♀7♂♂,Binchuan County(25.8°N,100.5°E),Yunnan Province,China,Sep.-1988,ex Parasaissetia citricola(Kuwana) on citrus.Type specimens are kept in the Colletions of Pest Natural Enemies,School of Life Science,Hubei University.


In-pile test loops for irradiating liquid plutonium fuel alloys have been designed and operated in the Omega West Reactor. These loops provide a sodium environment for test fuel capsules at temperatures corresponding to those expected for LMBFR. Seven fuel capsules have been irradiated with up to 2% burnup of plutonium. Irradiation of two fuel specimens is currently in progress. The report describes the design, construction and operation of che irradiation loops and handling of the irradiated test fuel capsules.


RUSS IAN WEE KLY NE WSPAPER "ZA VTRA " AS A PROPAGAND IST OF IMPER IAL IDEOLOGY S u m m a r y The article is dedicated to various types of the imperial ideology in "Zawtra" magazine. Conducted analyses lead to conclusion, that the imperial ideology dominates in entire magazine's writing content, not only in pieces about political affairs, but also about culture or even biographical reviews. The article is also an attempt of analyzing the magazine transformations starting form "perestroika" period till nowadays; from expressing an idea of " the spirit opposition" to "the imperial ideology" of Russian state.


Now a days, the load demand of the world is dramatically increasing day by day. This situation creates a big gap between the energy production and the energy consumption. The conventional energy sources are depleting globally. So it is a global phenomenon to restore the power energy and to look forward the other means of energy production. The load demand and power production gap can be reduced by Micro Grid. Micro grids is a group of localized electricity units and load that operates both in islanded mode/ autonomously or in grid connected mode. Grid connected mode is a small power generating unit that is connected with conventional grid system. Grid connected mode is a small power generating unit that is being connected with conventional grid system. Micro grid mostly utilizes the renewable sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy, geo thermal energy and the other sources of distributed generation. While operating a power system in micro grid, the maintenance and flow of electricity is not simple task as compared to the unidirectional power flow in case of conventional grid station. Another problem is the identification of fault in power system in case of micro grids detection of fault location and its recovery is not an easy task. In this research work, I have developed a SCADA module through which fault location is detected automatically, by observing the power at different feeders and its dial recovery is done by supply the power from other nearby power generating station. This is only possible when the system has ability to operate in ring main system, but it normally operates in radial configuration. Keywords— Smart Grid, Micro Grid, Power System, Power Transmission, SCADA, PLC.


Brazil has undergone a process of economic stabilization in the mid-1990s, leading to structural changes and regional disparities reduction. Nevertheless, inequalities among Brazilian regions persist. This paper aims to analyze the contribution of Brazilian industrial innovative firms to reduce regional income disparities, focusing on the Northeast, one of the poorest regions of the country. In the 1990s, many companies have expanded their activities to this region, leading to an industrial relocation that had important consequences on reducing regional disparities. Considering innovation as a driving factor of development, this paper uses the Survey of Technological Innovation (PINTEC) data, which is the most important database on technological innovation in Brazil. The reduction of regional inequalities was measured by the annual average salary, according to the Annual Manufacturing Survey (PIA) data. Two statistical methods were used: Multidimensional scaling (MDS) and Hypothesis Tests about the difference among selected 2000 Pintec and 2008 Pintec variables. For innovative and non-innovative firms in the Northeast and Southeast between 2000 and 2008, the MDS shows that some innovative firms have reduced their salary gap, while non-innovative firms have increased it. In Hypothesis Tests, firms from Southeast are proportionally more innovative than those from Northeast, but Northeastern companies had improvements in cooperative relations, which may have influenced the reduction of salary disparities between regions. Thus, innovative companies are the ones that effectively contributed for reducing regional disparities showing that for the Brazilian case, innovation was a positive driving factor for development and therefore contributes for reducing regional disparities.


Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia, Volume 13 (2001) Young sheep are more susceptible to internal parasite infections than older sheep, but immunity is enhanced by dietary protein supplementation (van Houtert et al. 1995; Datta et al. 1999). A study was made of the effect of protein supplementation of young grazing sheep on their later resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes. Twelve groups of 15 Merino ewe weaners 4–5 months old were allocated to 0.8 ha pasture plots and given cottonseed meal pellets daily for 10 weeks at the rates of 0, 85 or 170 g per head. All groups remained in their respective plots for a further 8 weeks after supplementation ceased, and were then treated with anthelmintic and grazed as one flock. Faecal egg counts (FEC) and liveweight gains (LWG) were monitored each 2 weeks up to Week 18, and then at Weeks 29, 42 and 52. Fleece weight was recorded at shearing at Week 31. Supplementation lowered FEC (P<0.05) during the feeding period and this effect persisted up to 8 weeks after supplementation ceased (P<0.05), but there was no significant carry–over effect at Weeks 29, 42 and 52 (Figure 1). Supplementation increased LWG during the Long–term effect of dietary protein supplementation on resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections and production in young grazing Merino ewes


The riddle of Panurge has occupied the attention of scholars for several generations. Who is this character, what are his parallels in literary history, and what is his role in Rabelais's text? To paraphrase Edwin Duval, Panurge has been associated with Mercury, Ulysses, Tyl Eulenspiegel, the pranksters of folk myth, and the Devil himself.(1) Each of these associations is correct, since Panurge is an intrinsically multiple character, who undergoes radical changes in the various books. I would like to offer my own conception of this intriguing character in relation to the trickster figures of the nouvelle literature, in order to demonstrate that certain aspects of Rabelais's art, which may seem troubling to readers of later periods, are in fact quite normal in the comic literature of his day. I will start with the image of a body, that is, with a body that is represented in Rabelais's text and subsequently defaced by its language. In this case, the body happens to be female, which is crucial to our thinking on the subject in recent years. Could the body that is set upon by dogs in Pantagruel have been other than female? ... tous les chiens qui estoient en l'eglise accoururent a ceste dame, pour l'odeur des drogues que il [Panurge] avoit espandu sur elle. Petitz et grans, gors et menuz, tous y venoyent, tirans le membre et la sentens et pissans partout sur elle. C'estoyt la plus grande villanie du monde. (333) The misogynistic purposes of Panurge's trick can hardly be doubted. A female dog is dissected and dismembered for the sake of the trickster's revenge, which is carried out be male animals on a defenseless woman. However typical the substitution of animals for the trickster may be in early-modern comedy, Rabelais highlights the antagonism of male and female in this scene in a way that is unavoidably disturbing for us. Still, it remains true that the idea of a body being covered in an undesirable substance--urine, feces, eggs, cheese, 2 etc.--is a commonplace of the comic literature of the early-modern period.(2) In the other examples of this literary phenomenon that I have in mind, the marking of the body is sometimes carried out for no apparent reason other than the comic pleasure it presumably produces in the reader or the listener of these quintessentially oral tales. In one particularly messy example of this type of narrative, tale 81 of Philippe de Vigneulles's Cent Nouvelles nouvelles, one of the listeners to whom this type of story is retold reacts as follows to the tale: "... ledit Jaiquemin rioit si tres fort qu'il pissoit en ses brayes." (Vigneulles 319). The story of corporeal desecration thus aroused the kind of bodily excess and contact with its surroundings that Bakhtin described as the characteristic feature of the grotesque body, which is typical of the comic literature of this period (Bakhtin 26). Rabelais's variation of the scatological procedure contains several indices that allow one to relate his text to a comic tradition that is, perhaps, best represented in the tales of Philippe de Vigneulles. Referring to Panurge's trick, the narrator of the above passage later comments that Pantagruel "veit le mystere, qu'il trouva fort beau et nouveau" (Rabelais 334). In the tales of this period in French, this type of narrative often combines the scatological marking of the body with a parody of religious ritual. Here, Rabelais refers to a swarm of male dogs urinating on a woman's head as a religious procession and "mystere". In other words, Rabelais's Joke substitutes the absolutely vulgar for the absolutely sacred, and puts the disfigured body of woman in the place of the suffering body of Christ, as Bakhtin noted in his analysis of this passage (229-231). Thus the marking of the body with a scatological substance is combined here with a metaphor that parodies a religious ritual. In the nouvelles of Philippe de Vigneulles, the kinds of tricks that Panurge plays on the others are quite common. …


In the experience of one in-house investment fund, investing in emerging markets requires commitment and the devotion of resources to research. The indispensable element of the research is travel to the emerging market countries.This presentation comes from the Managing Emerging Market Portfolios conference held in San Francisco, California, on September 28-29, 1993.


This paper deals with the bio-economy of the larval populations of pleurostiet Scara- baeidae. The field surveys were carried out to see the population dynamics during the periods from July 1956 to July 1957 and from Noy, 1957 to Nov. 1958 en the flood plain of the River lamagawa near Tokyo. On the other hand, several representative species were . Teared on quartz sand and soils in the laboratcrry, and fed on dried leayes of siebeldi and Miseanthus geniculat"s to determine the amounts of such bioeconQmic items as ingestion, defecation, assimilatioll, respiration and growth. Computations of population metabolism were made based on the above two series of data. The quantitative relations obtained for population metab31ism


The cyclic voltammetry of four binuclear Cu(II) 1,3,5-triketonates and their diamine Schiff-base derivatives has been investigated in DMF with (C/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 4/NClO/sub 4/ as the supporting electrolyte. Addition of simple cations such as Na/sup +/ to these solutions has a profound effect on the reduction potentials of the Cu(II) ions and on the stability of the reduced product. In the presence of a sufficient concentration of Na/sup +/ ions, the complexes exhibit one CV wave due to the coppers with peak separations of 42-44 mV and cathodic half-peak widths of 42-44 mV also. These results may be obtaned with no instrumental iR compensation, providing a high concentration of the supporting electrolyte is present. The process is reversible with use of the criteria of scan rate dependence of the cathodic peak current and width and the equivalence of the cathodic and anodic peak heights. Controlled-potential electrolysis results prove that the process involves the transfer of two electrons. All of the experimental facts may be explained by the reversible, sequential transfer of two electrons at the same potential. Although the two Cu(II) ions in the diamine Schiff bases are in much different coordination environments within the same molecule, they give risemore » to the same CV wave shapes as the triketonates; i,e., ..delta..E/sub p/ and E/sub pc/ - E/sub p///sub 2/ both are very nearly 42 mV. Thus, they also undergo two-electron transfer at the same potential. The only significant difference between the simpler binuclear Cu(II) triketonates and the diamine Schiff-base derivatives is that E/sub 1///sub 2/ values for the Schiff bases are about 0.1V more negative than for their triketonate analogues.« less


Nanocrystalline MoBi2(Se0.5Te0.5)5 thermoelectric thin films have been deposited on ultrasonically cleaned glass and FTO-coated glass substrates by Arrested Precipitation Technique. The change in properties of MoBi2(Se0.5Te0.5)5 thin films were examined after annealing at the temperature 473 K for 3 h. The structural, morphological, compositional and electrical properties of thin films were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, etc. Thermoelectric properties of the thin films have been evaluated by measurements of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient in the temperature range 300–500 K. Our aim is to investigate the effect of annealing on behaviour of MoBi2(Se0.5Te0.5)5 thin films along with photoelectrochemical properties.


Gear as a critical component of transportation, its operating status has a direct impact on traffic safety. Under the high speed and heavy load, the spalling is one of the main failure mechanisms of the gear teeth. This study focuses on the effect of spalling defects in different positions on the time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS). By studying the distribution of meshing force in meshing process, a torque was found when the teeth mesh in the spalling region. Thus, a torsional stiffness is introduced to indicate the effect of different spalling positions. And a time-varying meshing stiffness model considering torsional stiffness is established. The result shows that the TVMS decreases when the teeth are engaged in the spalling region with the spalling width increasing. The increase of spalling offset distance also results in a reduction of TVMS. This is due to the fact that both the spalling width and the spalling offset distance cause the change of torque. Moreover, the spalling length affects the range of meshing stiffness and the teeth meshing area. Based on the above model, quantitative results are obtained for the spalling defects in different positions.


Demand uncertainty and supply rigidity often create inventory shortages. Inventory shortages can have adverse consequences on both short- and long-term customer behaviors. Using data from an online grocer, this study has the following three main objectives: First, the authors empirically investigate the true nature of shortage costs by examining how stockouts and fulfillment rates affect customer's purchase behavior in both the short and long run. Second, the authors study how consumers' reactions to inventory shortages differ across customer segments. They use these observations to illustrate how the seller might benefit from prioritizing fulfillment policies according to customer traits. Third, the authors study how the impact of inventory shortages varies across product categories. Using these insights, the authors discuss how the seller should allocate limited resources to improve order fulfillment across these categories. Overall, the authors find that stockout rates have a dramatic but nonlinear impact on the seller's profitability. This suggests that the firm can achieve many of the benefits of improving fulfillment rates through small decreases in stockout rates. They also find significant differences in how different types of customers respond to stockouts and that prioritizing inventory according to transaction history measures and basket contents can lead to large increases in contribution while only requiring moderate reductions in stockout rates.


When a magnetic rotor is simultaneously rotated and translationally moved above an aluminum guideway a traveling time-varying magnetic field is created in the air-gap. This field induces eddy currents in the guideway that can simultaneously create suspension and propulsion or braking forces. The transient fields and the forces created by this moving rotor are modeled using a novel 2D analytic based A-φ method in which the presence of the rotor field is incorporated into the boundary conditions of the guideway. The solution is obtained by using the spatial Fourier transform and temporal Laplace transform. The performance of the method is compared with a previously presented 2D transient finite element model.


The effect of coating with Lactobacillus rhamnosus‐loaded poly[vinyl] alcohol and sodium alginate‐based nanofibers (LR) and also poly(vinyl) alcohol and sodium alginate‐based nanofiber (PS) on fatty acid stability of fish fillets was tested. LR and PS dope solutions were successfully electrospun. Scanning Electron Microscopy images of nanofibers, with 60.09 nm < diameter of nanofibers <522.1 nm, were defined to be smooth, cylindrical, and ultrafine. Thermal decomposition of LR and PS were determined as higher than 200 and 300 °C, respectively by Differential Scanning Calorimeter. Nanofibers could be used to keep the stability of Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)s such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in fish fillets. Besides PUFAs, the rapid changes in predominant Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) value like oleic acid in fish fillets coated with LR and PS were successfully limited as compared to the uncoated samples. Polyene index and predominant saturated fatty acids values (C16:0, C18:0, and C14:0) of the samples coated with LR and PS were found to be more stabile. Furthermore, the sharply decrease in ω‐3/ω‐6 ratio of fish fillets was limited. Loading LR to PS provided higher atherogenic and thrombogenic index. The use of probiotic bacteria‐loaded polymer‐based characterized nanofibers has been determined to be a new application for the fatty acid stability of fish. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Applied tests revealed differences between the fatty acid profile of uncoated and coated samples. Enrichment of PS and NaAlG‐based nanofibers with Lactobacillus rhamnosus provided better stable in terms of PUFA and MUFA in fish fillets.


Different techniques for the stage-by-stage development of the deposit are proposed; the techniques allow to improve development parameters and to reduce the payback period.


This paper is aimed on the evaluation of the impact of subsidies from European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, Struct ural funds and Cohesion fund on the development of rural areas. A case study on the rural villages (with less than 2000 inhabitants) in Libereck ý region in the Czech Republic was performed. We chose i ndicators in relation to the rural development and to th e rural policy goals from economic al , social, demographic, infrastructural and geographic al areas. Subsequently they were utilized to group the municipalities by hierarchical cluster analysis using Euclidian distances and Ward method of clusterization . The villages were ranked according to their development state into three groups . The impact of subsidies on the development level was assessed by logit model. I t was proved that obtained subsidies lower the odds that the village will belong to the group of le ss develope d municipalities against the odds that it will fall into the category of the most developed . However, the impact is not statistically significant.


A dedicated Heart Valve Unit was launched in 2018 to meet the demands of the growing transcatheter heart valve program by optimizing patient care in a single dedicated unit.

 To assess the performance of the heart valve unit (all steps of patient care in a single unit with intermediate care facilities) over a conventional approach (preparation on a normal ward, postprocedural intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring and transfer to an additional monitoring ward before discharge) in a high volume center.

 Retrospective analysis including patients undergoing transcatheter mitral or tricuspid valve repair who were admitted to the Heart Valve Unit (02/2018–01/2020) compared to a conventional patient care approach (02/2016–01/2018). Patients who were already preprocedurally admitted to the ICU or in whom ICU monitoring postprocedurally was mandatory (direct annuloplasty, valve replacement) were excluded. The Heart Valve Unit patient care algorithm is presented in figure 1. We assessed procedural numbers, length of hospital stay, length and need for ICU monitoring, patient transfers between wards and periprocedural safety including in-hospital mortality.

 We observed a 164% increase in procedures (521 vs. 316 in total, 369 vs 282 with mitral valve procedures and 152 vs 34 tricuspid valve procedures) with the launch of the Heart Valve Unit over the 2-year-interval compared to the earlier time period. Length of in-hospital stay was significantly decreased compared to a conventional approach (9±7 vs. 12±11 days, p<0.001). In particular, postprocedural stay could be shortened from 7±7 to 5±6 days (p<0.001). Patients were less transferred between different wards in the Heart Valve Unit setting (p<0.001). Whereas all patients were postprocedurally transferred to the ICU in the conventional setting, only 16% of patients required an ICU bed immediately after the procedure due to complex interventions, intraprocedural events or high-risk comorbidities. The length of stay on ICU declined from 1.4±1.4 to 0.5±2.2 days. Among the patients re-transferred to the Heart Valve Unit directly after the procedure, 2% (10 patients) required an ICU bed in the further course due to hemodynamic instability (2), severe bleeding (4), seizures (1), ventricular fibrillation (1), anaesthetic overhang (1) or after urgent surgery due to a atrioventricular fistula (1). After stabilization, all patients were re-transferred to the Heart Valve Unit and discharged hereinafter. There was no intra-hospital death among these patients.

 A dedicated Heart Valve Unit allows a safe and optimized patient care structure for transcatheter valvular interventions by combining all pre- and postprocedural steps in a single unit, thereby decreasing length of in-hospital stay to meet increasing economic demands. ICU capacity can be specifically used for complex procedures aftercare and complication monitoring.

 Type of funding sources: None.


In the paper, the numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer proceeding in an axially symmetrical articular cartilage sample subjected to the cryopreservation process is presented. In particular, a two-dimensional (axially symmetrical) model with imprecisely defined parameters is considered. The base of the heat transfer model is given by the interval Fourier equation and supplemented by initial boundary conditions. The phenomenon of cryoprotectant transport (Me2SO) through the extracellular matrix is described by the interval mass transfer equation. The liquidus-tracking (LT) method is used to control the temperature, which avoids the formation of ice regardless of the cooling and warming rates. In the LT process, the temperature decreases/increases gradually during addition/removal of the cryoprotectant, and the articular cartilage remains on or above the liquidus line so that no ice forms, independent of the cooling/warming rate. The discussed problem is solved using the interval finite difference method with the rules of directed interval arithmetic. Examples of numerical computations are presented in the final part of the paper. The obtained results of the numerical simulation are compared with the experimental results, realized for deterministically defined parameters.


There are advantageous conditions to sustainable developing forestry in Huangzhong.Current situations and problems about forestry development were summarized.Current conditions of forestry production were analyzed.Countermeasures of sustainable development of forestry were suggested.


The objective of this paper is to document the impact of several types of ESOP announcements on shareholder wealth. The market welcomes the news of initiation ESOPs, nonleveraged ESOPs and ESOPs implemented by firms with B‐BAA Moody's bond rating. However, the market indifferently responds to announcements of expansion ESOPs, leveraged ESOPs and ESOPs adopted by firms with A‐AAA Moody's bond rating. Announcements of nonleveraged ESOPs, expansion ESOPs and B‐BAA rating ESOPs are found to be associated with some resolution of asymmetric information.


Background: The worldwide epidemiology of dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
is changing fast. The Indian encounter with this disease is fascinating and captivating. In recent years the
disease has distorted its course exhibiting in a severe form as DHF, dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and
Expanded Dengue Syndrome.
Methods: The present study is an observational prospective study conducted in a single unit of the
department of Medicine of a tertiary care hospital. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained
prior to enrolment of any patient.
Results: The work presented in this study expands the knowledge base of dengue clinical profile and
management. Fever, thrombocytopenia, raised transaminases were the common findings in the 150 patients
studied. Hemorrhagic manifestations were observed in 20 patients who had required platelet transfusion.
Conclusion: Dengue fever is always the foremost of these arboviral infections with significant impact on
socioeconomic and healthcare cost for the patient. The clinical picture can be non-specific viral prodrome to
classical dengue fever to life threatening dengue shock syndrome(DSS)/dengue haemorrhagic fever(DHF).
Early diagnosing and with aggressive management particularly for DHF and DSS remains the cornerstone
strategy for good outcomes.


1. nara-construction in Japanese In this paper, I will discuss the nara-construction in Japanese and describe a number of peculiarities that this construction has by comparing it with a topic wa-construction and a nominative-ga construction. After that, I will present a semantic analysis of the nara-construction, Especially, I will argue that nara restricts a modal base by generating the statements about the properties of a syntactic constituent preceding nara which the speaker has in mind, necessitating a modal interpretation in the rest of the sentence (cf. the rest part of the sentence excluding NP-nara in case of the nominal nara-construction and the conditional consequent in case of the clausal nara-construction).. In Section 3, I will briefly mention a syntactic characteristic of the nara-construction, which implies that nara-construction is also syntactically characteristic. Section 4 concludes the paper.


There has been extensive ongoing debate on the application of aseptic technique in wound management over the previous decades and changes to the way in which theory is applied to clinical practice have occurred regularly. Clinicians often express confusion over the way various techniques should be applied, particularly when practising in clinical settings in which maintenance of strict asepsis is inherently difficult (for example, community-based wound management). Wound cleansing, use of open but unused wound dressings and storage of wound management equipment are frequent issues on which clinicians request guidance. A systematic review using Joanna Briggs Institute methods was undertaken in order to establish the current state of the scientific literature on this topic and inform the development of recommendations for practice in this field. All levels of evidence were included in the review, including opinion papers. Findings from the 20 quantitative studies were reported in narrative summary and findings from 37 qualitative research papers were aggregated in a thematic synthesis. Although high-level evidence on wound cleansing solutions was identified, the review concluded that there is a paucity of scientific literature on most topics related to asepsis in wound care.


Climate change causes natural disasters to occur at higher frequency and increased severity. Using a unique dataset on German banks, this paper explores how regionally less diversified banks in Germany adjusted their loan loss provisioning following the severe summer flood of 2013, which affected widespread regions mostly in Eastern Germany. The analysis uses a difference-in-differences estimation with banks being allocated to the treatment and control group based on the region of their primary operational activities. This paper yields various results: German savings and cooperative banks located in the affected regions experienced a significantly higher, but ephemeral, impairment flow in the years following the flood. Impairments were mostly driven by corporate loans concentrated in specific sectors, such as agriculture and manufacturing, and to some extent by retail mortgage loans. While results suggest that the profitability of banks is impacted by additional factors, we do not find evidence that banks suffered from damages to their own property. The results are robust to various model specifications.


The neodymium electrolysis produces unnecessary high emission of CF4 and C2F6. These perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are potent greenhouse gases and are not filtered or destroyed in the off-gas. A process control in analogy to the aluminum electrolysis can reduce the PFC emission to a great extend and keep the process in a green process window. Therefore, a theoretical analysis is done of the cell voltage of the industrial neodymium electrolysis in dependence on the neodymium oxide concentration in the electrolyte. The analysis shows the different contributions to the cell voltage focusing on the impact of the anodic overvoltage on the cell voltage, by which the electrolysis process can be controlled. The model of the cell voltage is evaluated by laboratory neodymium electrolysis with a similar setup as the industrial cell. The relation of the oxide concentration, the anodic current density and the cell voltage with the cell resistance are measured. The continuous off-gas measurements show the gas concentration and PFC emissions. The effect of Nd2O3 feeding on the galvanostatic electrolysis is analyzed as well. Based on the results a process control strategy is proposed similar to the aluminum electrolysis strategy. The green process window is in a narrow oxide concentration range, making a continuous and precise oxide feeding essential.


Secondary arcs and its reliable suppression is one of the key technical challenges of half-wavelength transmission lines(HWTL).We tested and physically simulated the HWTL secondary arcs to study its extinction characteristics,and proposed an equivalent test topology via Thevenin transform based on the established equivalent circuitry.Moreover,we experimentally investigated different secondary arc currents as well as voltage gradients to obtain the physical dynamics of the arcs,compared the frequency spectra of the short arcs and the secondary arcs through the Fourier transform,and captured the developing images of the arcs with a high-speed imaging system.Also,we investigated the impacts of wind on the arcing behaviors.The obtained results show that,the secondary arc will extinguish immediately when the secondary arc current is below 150 A and the recovery voltage gradient is less than 3.9 kV per meter.However,the arcing time will be more than one second when the secondary arc current and the recovery voltage gradient are more than 240 A and 7.0 kV per meter respectively.It is also shown that wind is the critical factor influencing the secondary arc motion and the arcing time.


It is compelling to process scientific literature to support the development of new science and technology. We propose a method to predict new relationships between a starting concept of interest and other concepts by mining scientific literature. In contrast to previous research, we measure the relationship between two concepts not only by their co-occurrence in scientific literature, but also by their sibling relationship in a hierarchical structure of concepts. Therefore, the predicted relationships of concepts obtained with our method are more pertinent to existing relationships within current scientific literature. By introducing a parent set, we propose a measure to evaluate the closeness of two concepts in a hierarchical structure of concepts. In order to deal with the combinatorial problems, we present two ways to limit the number of new relationships, which can be interactively enforced by the user. As in most of the previous research on literature-based discoveries, we choose biomedicine as the field in which to demonstrate our method. A comparison with related research shows that our method exhibits better performance, except in term of Recall. The new relationships predicted by this method can serve as candidates for new research themes, as impetus for inspiration, or as hypotheses to be tested in future.


Workers are the most important resource in crowdsourcing. However, only investing in worker-centric needs, such as skill improvement, often conflicts with short-term platform-centric needs, such as task throughput. This paper studies learning strategies in task assignment in crowdsourcing and their impact on platform-centric needs. We formalize learning potential of individual tasks and collaborative tasks, and devise an iterative task assignment and completion approach that implements strategies grounded in learning theories. We conduct experiments to compare several learning strategies in terms of skill improvement, and in terms of task throughput and contribution quality. We discuss how our findings open new research directions in learning and collaboration.


The leading line of materials presented in the article is vectorized to reveal and substantiate the coexistence and synthesis of modern and traditional, innovative and enduring, integrated and substantive as actual, conceptual and inalienable concepts in the discourse on the globalization processes taking place in the present world, in particular on the concepts of transition of all mankind to a fundamentally new post-industrial civilization in general and the planetary society in particular. In the specified way, under a particular angle of view and aspects of scientific vision, the essential and functional contexts of folk art as a special field of cultural and creative progress of Ukrainians are highlighted. Through the prism of the analysis of its cognitive, developmental and educational potentials, their place and role in the field of the formation of erudite, competent, versatile personality capable of penetrating into the modern society, to meet its demands, interests and norms of the present dynamic life is determined. Putting the subject of research into the rank of actual and effective components of moderation of modern artistic education, the author argues that moving forward, opening the new, giving preference to a modern, innovative, globalized modelling of the content and forms of the present life, should not neglect the achievements of the past, the traditions generated by him and customs of material, spiritual, general cultural nature, since without them the present and future loses its meaningful meaning. In the justification, the above emphasis is placed on the fact that the development of students as young generations, on the true bases of domestic art, must necessarily include the study of "folk" branch. It is about understanding of one's national background, knowledge of the origins, ways of development and general features of artistic creation of folk artists, penetration of the principles of perception of the world, ideas and concepts of artistic expression of the real and the imaginary. All this is so significant that without that, even the simplest algorithm for the acquisition of artistic education will be destroyed and the process of learning, upbringing and development in this area will become unproductive. It follows that these vectors and the content of artistic and aesthetic education, based on the idea of the revival of national culture, artistic traditions, achievements, are indisputably popular, relevant and extremely important and significant both for the younger generations in particular and for society as a whole.


Human-aware Artificial Intelligent systems are goal directed autonomous systems that are capable of interacting, collabo-rating, and teaming with humans. In this sense, human ac- tivity reasoning plays a significant role in human-computer interaction. In this context, it is important to consider the tem- porality of such evidence in order to distinguish activities and to analyse the relations between them. This work tackles the problem of reasoning about activities a human performs con-sidering their temporality and durability and possible over- lappings between them. Thus, the main contribution is an argumentation-based framework for reasoning about human activities.


This paper is a study of space modality that represents its operators and their functional potential in the novel "Inferno" by D. Brown. The theoretical background is based on theory of modality by D. Bennet, K. Kessler, L. Talmy, T. Regier, S. Svorou that defines textual modality as the expression in the text of author's attitude to the narration, his conceptions, points of view, positions, system of values, formed in order to transmit them to the reader. By applying modern researches in linguistics six types of modality are differentiated: alethic, deontic, axiological, epistemic, time and space. The main question is how time and space modality are realized in the novel "Inferno" by D. Brown. In order to find the answer, a literary text of about 600 fragments with special deixises has been conducted. By applying the theory of space modality to corresponding deixises, demonstra tive pronouns, adverbs, toponyms, nominative units with spatial and temporal meaning exact time markers, adverbs, expressing time relations have been singled out. It has been proved that literary space has important functions in the analyzed novel: indication of the location of the objects and characters, the influence on the addressee's consciousness, intensification of moral and ethic characteristic of personages, creation of com plicated literary structure; fishes out linguistic operators of space modality presentation in the context of a literary text as pronouns, proverb (here, there, far, near), proper names (toponymes, antroponymes), nomina tive units asspace operators (house, shack, church, cathedral, space), finds all these phenomena in D. Brawn's novel "Inferno", which are presented in this text by such space markers as: conference room, chamber, the grotto, located its crenellated tower, in the direction, nearby buildings the hall, around a single sculpture, bal cony that overlooked the hall, at the expansive room beneath them, the distant sky, the garret, the dark space beneath them, endless tunnel, church, cathedral, space the garret on foot, entering through a doorway at the other end of the attic.


The invention discloses low-ratio methanol gasoline for automobiles and a preparation method thereof. The low-ratio methanol gasoline for automobiles comprises: by volume, 77 to 92% of gasoline, 5 to 20% of methanol, and 0.1 to 3% of additives. The additives comprise: by weight, 40 to 85% of water-resistant cosolvents, 15 to 60% of gas-resistance regulators, 4.5 to 15% of corrosion-resistant swellers, 1.5 to 3% of a purification dispersant, and 0.1 to 2% of one or more colorants. The low-ratio methanol gasoline for automobiles adopts easily available raw materials, can be prepared by simple processes, and solves the problems that the existing methanol gasoline has poor water resistance, can produce gas-resistance easily and can cause strong corrosion and swelling of automobile engine parts. A performance test on the low-ratio methanol gasoline for automobiles proves that all indexes of the low-ratio methanol gasoline for automobiles satisfy gasoline standards; and the low-ratio methanol gasoline for automobiles does not have special requirements on an automobile engine and an oil-way system, realizes clean discharge, has a wide application range and can replace the existing 93# petrochemical gasoline.


In economic terms, we have seen a revolutionary mode of upward redistribution gush-up, rather than trickle-down. In the political domain we have seen the return of a rhetoric about the rooted political community. It is not only far-right movements that have insisted on their right to be culturally different, against the outsiders who want to radically transform and subvert white and Christian Europe.


The active element has the greatest influence on the properties of active filters and may cause oscillations especially in more complicated networks. An active filter network is described which is almost independent of element changes. The analysis shows that the constant of the negative impedance converter may be changed by as much as ±10% without appreciably influencing the properties of the filter. Synthesis was carried out for a whole system of filters of fourth- and sixth-degree with various minimum attenuations in the stop-band. The changes of all other elements are briefly considered and it is shown that the influence of all elements not determining the position of the transmission zero is less than the same relative change of the impedance converter constant.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish how sales are propelled when consumer spending level falls. Design/methodology/approach – Case study together with deductive research approach was used. Findings – While conventional marketing strategies did little to enhance sales, Geiz‐ist‐Geil was found to be very helpful in sustaining sales levels when consumer spending levels were plummeting.Practical implications – Theoretical literature on marketing strategy is silent on the use of non‐conventional marketing strategy. Geiz‐ist‐Geil strategy is found to be useful in propelling sales. There is an urgent need to put greater focus on non‐convention marketing strategies. In addition, practitioners need to look beyond the confines of the 4Ps strategy. There is a need for managers to adopt non‐conventional strategies. Originality/value – Contrary to previous theoretical literature, where it is conspicuous by its absence, the use of non‐conventional marketing strategy (i.e. Geiz‐ist‐Geil strategy) is emph...


So far there has been no detailed research done in Lithuania that would allow to analyze the attitudes of the Russian-speaking citizens towards their native language. In this article, an attempt is made to determine the subtle relation between the Lithuanian citizens of non-Lithuanian nationality and the Russian language which is considered to be native in their families, while they either are Russians or identify themselves as Russians.
Certain questions concerning this problem are taken into consideration: do Russian-speaking citizens feel good about using their native language; do they feel affinity to Russia as their symbolic homeland or the mother country of their language; do they want their children to have a good command of Russian and consider it their native language; is their relationship with their native language affected by the manifestation of Russophobia in public discourse and mass media.
The data of the sociolinguistic projects Language Use and Ethnic Identity in Lithuanian Cities (2007–2009) and A Sociolinguistic Map of Lithuania (2010–2012) focussing on Vilnius, Klaipėda and Visaginas is discussed. These cities have been selected as the ones with the largest Russian-speaking population as compared to other regions of Lithuania.
The analysis of in-depth interviews reveals that for the Russian-speaking people in Lithuania the native language remains the only real indicator of their ethnic self-identification. Most of the respondents do not regard Russia as a country close to them in terms of lifestyle and mentality, they do not perceive Russia as a symbolic concept defining their self-identity; it is for them the space of their mother tongue. The respondents claim that they value their mother tongue, see it as emotionally closest and stress the relation between the Russian language and culture as well as the pragmatic value of knowing Russian nowadays. Young respondents declare that they intend to do their best to pass their mother tongue to their future children.
However, the intentions of the Russian-speaking people of Lithuania to support the vitality of their native language, which requires more effort than is usual for people living in the environment of a different language. In the Lithuanian media and online comment sections, ethnic and linguistic intolerance towards local people who speak another language is livened up periodically. Therefore Russian-speaking residents of Lithuania need to be psychologically strong in order to resist the pressure of public discourse and to sustain their native language.