Leguminous seeds belong to plant foods which are generally rich in phenolic compounds. Cowpea seeds are a major source of plant proteins and vitamins for man, feed for animals. Polyphenolic compounds are secondary metabolites of amino acids present in many plant species, including legume. Their content depends on various factors, such as cultivar, pedoclimatic and cultivation conditions. The influence of cultivar, locality on the total polyphenols (TPC) and antioxidant activity (TAC) of Cowpea seeds was studied. Cowpea cultivars were cultivated under different climatic conditions in Iraq Republic. The main objective of the present work was to consider the changes of total polyphenols content in dependence on variety and to evaluate an antioxidant potential of three Cowpea varieties (white, light brown and red color) in different localities of Erbil City in Kurdistan Region Iraq and to evaluate the content of bioactive compounds (polyphenolics) in legumes commonly utilized in the human diet in Iraq, to compare their antioxidant capacity and to evaluate the influence of grown locality on observed parameters. Total polyphenols were determined by the Lachmans method and expressed as mg of Gallic acid equivalent per kg dry matter. Total antioxidant capacity was measured by the Brand-Williams method using a compound DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Analysis of variance indicated significant differences (p <0.05) among locality and color for phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity. The various varieties of white color cowpea had significant influence on TPC and TAC and affected by locality too. From tested seeds the highest polyphenol content was measured in red color (802.323 ±15.937 - 825.700 ±8.494 mg.kg -1 GAE). The lowest value was in white color (480.195 ±15.286 - 721.952 ±25.004 mg.kg -1 GAE).The similar trend was observed at values of TAC. The highest TAC value was determined in red color (28.709 ±15.937 - 34.777 ±8.494% DPPH). The lowest value was in white color (6.065 ±0.836% - 9.578 ±0.884% DPPH). The various varieties had significant influence on TPC and TAC according to used statistical analyses. Correlation between the phenolic contents and antioxidant activity was significantly positive (r = 0.783645). Our results confirmed that legumes can be a good source of bioactive compounds in the human nutrition.


From the Publisher:
Based on numerous interviews with top CEOs and other professionals,Managing Interactively helps readers become well-versed communicators in today's global,technologically focused organizations.
Best-selling author Mary Boone examines the techniques and issues that surround clear and effective communication skills in the rapidly changing digital environment and presents provocative new ideas that will help readers address today's communication challenges. Distilling the experience of top executives into easily applied techniques,each chapter features actual stories from expert communicators who have learned how to successfully adapt their communication strategies to today's technologies.
Managing Interactively is a must-have for anyone facing the communication challenges of today's volatile business world.
How technolog is changing the practice of management It's a challenge to manage in a networked world. Getting "buy-in" is no longer enough to ensure the creation and execution of superb ideas and business strategies. Managers have to connect,inform,and engage people in new was to encourage innovation and action.
Managing Interactively gives you direct,practical advice about how to improve your collaboration quotient and use new communication methods and technologies with all busienss partners—including customers,employees,contractors and alliance partners. Based on interviews with 85 executives from savvy companies like General Electric,Microsoft,and IBM,Managing Interactively explains how to:
* Develop the ten key competencies necessary for interactive management
* Leverage intellectual capital
* Unleash creativity and innovation throughhigh-powered collaboration
"Finally! A book about the new requirements for communicating effectively in the New Economy. Our interactive world requires you to manage interactively and Mary Boone shows how. "—Don Tapscott,co-author of Digitral Capital: Harnessing the Power of Business Webs and chairman of Digital 4Sight Praise for Leadership and the Computer
"Mary Boone has written a terrific book. Interviews with CEOs give it its special edge. "—Tom Peters
"Each profile is a valuable example of how to advance a management plan of vision. "—The New York Times


A new kind of spin-one chain Hamiltonian consisting of competing dimer and trimer projection operators is proposed. As the relative strengths and signs of the interactions are varied, the model exhibits a number of different phases including the gapped dimer phase and the gapless trimer phase with critical correlations described by a conformal field theory with central charge $c=2$. A symmetry-protected topological phase also exists in this model, even though the microscopic interactions are not the simple adiabatic extensions of the well-known Heisenberg and Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki models and contain both two- and three-particle permutations. A fourth phase is characterized by macroscopically degenerate ground states. While bearing almost a one-to-one resemblance to the phase diagram of the bilinear-biquadratic spin-one chain Hamiltonian, our model is rooted in a very different physical origin, namely, the two competing tendencies of spin-one particles to form singlets through either dimer or trimer formation.


A diblock copolymer of crystalline polyethylene (PE) and amorphous poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), PE69-b-PMMA92, was synthesized; this polymer is thermally stable up to 270 °C. The morphological structures of thermally annealed nanoscale thin films of the copolymer were investigated in detail at various temperatures by using in-situ grazing incidence X-ray scattering (GIXS) with a synchrotron radiation source. Quantitative GIXS analysis found that the PE and PMMA blocks undergo phase separation to produce a vertically oriented hexagonal PE cylinder structure in the PMMA matrix that is very stable up to around 100 °C (which is the onset temperature of PE crystal melting and PMMA glass transition); over the range 100–200 °C, slight variations with temperature in the cylinders' dimensions and orientation were observed. Furthermore, the PE block chains of the cylinder phase crystallize and undergo crystal growth along the cylinders' long axes; however, these lamellar crystals do not stack properly because ...


An efficient method based on SSNF algorithm and threshold de-noising to remove the noise in the image is proposed. To the disadvantages of the unified threshold denoising method, which causes the image fuzzy distortion because of "over-killed", by using inter-scale dependency of wavelets coefficients, some edge information that "overkilled" by the unified threshold are extracted and reserved, Thereby, more image details are reserved. The experiment results show that the algorithm can effectively weaken the unified threshold's tendency of "over-killed", and reduce the image fuzzy distortion.


Aim  Local recurrence is an important endpoint of rectal cancer treatment, but details of this form of treatment failure are less well described. The aim of this study was to acquire deeper knowledge of local recurrence regarding symptoms, diagnostic work‐up, clinical management, health‐care utilization and outcome.


The minimum number of units in a network has been proposed to be obtained using a very simple formula using graph theory (Hohmann, E. C. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 1971.; Linnhoff, B. et al. Comput. Chem. Eng. 1979, 3, 295). This is done, usually, assuming that thermodynamic feasibility holds, especially in Pinch technology, where it is applied above and below the pinch, but also for cases where the pinch is ignored. While the failure of this formula is informally known in the community, to our knowledge no realistic counterexample was presented before. We provide such an industrial counterexample. In addition, we propose to use a recently developed MILP model (Barbaro, A., and Bagajewicz, M. Comput. Chem. Eng. 2005, 29, 1945) that guarantees finding the global minimum number of exchangers. Finally, we point out the large number of alternative solutions that real industrial problems may exhibit.


Evasion of law is not an action of cheating,breaking or evading law in nature,but it is an action that the litigant chooses to do subjectively.Such an action has a nature of mixture of legal and illegal action,which is neither legal nor illegal. Effectiveness is based on nature, and illegal action results in illegal end. So the effectiveness of evasion of law can be fully accepted and practised.And the reservation of public order can be used in rejecting the laws of other country if the evasion of law does harm to the country's benefits, where the court is located.


The invention provides a manipulator for substrate moving which can detect the deviation of a substrate, a robot system for substrate moving and a substrate deviation detection method. A substrate position modification method is also provided. The robot system for substrate moving comprises a robot for substrate moving, comprising a contact part contacting the lower part of the substrate and a manipulator for substrate moving for detecting a plurality of sensors contacting with the gravity center of the substrate; a first control device having a differential operation part and a first judging part. The differential operation part respectively calculates the differential between the detection value of each sensor. The first judging part determines the position deviation direction of the substrate based on each differential.


ABSTRACT Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can take advantage of existing market limitations by offering new sustainable technologies and business models. The literature on open innovation examines the capabilities of firms to integrate external actors in order to create value. In this context, the research highlights the need to understand practices, the processes implemented and the interfaces between certain internal functions and suppliers of SMEs. Our study is based on SMEs in the textile industry and allows us to observe the practices of sustainable purchasing and supply management in a type of organisation and an industry that are not often addressed in the literature. Our results highlight open innovation as a practice within a sustainable supply chain that offers opportunities for mutual gain and learning without creating imbalance between customer and supplier and by developing sustainable purchasing.


The purpose of this study was to know the student's Arabic vocabulary mastery in the class that did not use simulation methods and classes that used simulation methods, and to what degree the effectiveness of the methods used to increase student's Arabic vocabulary mastery of the XI class in Pondok Pesantren Modern Ta 'dib al-Syakirin, Medan Johor. The research method used is an ex post facto quantitative study method. The results of this study indicate that for mastery of the student's Arabic vocabulary when not using the practice of simulation are obtained with an average of 64.72, where 4 students are "excellent", 2 people who are "good",7 people who are predicated "enough", and 5 people who are predicated "less". While the student's Arabic vocabulary mastery when using simulation methods is obtained with an average value of 83.61, which are 5 students on a "satisfactory" predicate, 10 on "excellent", 2 on a "good" predicate, and 1 person on a "less" predicate. As well as analysis of data, it has been found that the use of simulated methods is effective to increase student's Arabic vocabulary mastery with a level of effectiveness given by 0.54 based on n - gain tests by "moderate" since n-gain values are in the range of 0.30. < g < 0.70.


The prevalence of a range of DSM‐IV psychiatric disorders in a sample of 119 4–16‐year‐old children with Williams syndrome (WS) was assessed using a structured diagnostic interview with their parents. Most children (80.7%) met criteria for at least one DSM‐IV diagnosis. The most prevalent diagnoses were Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; 64.7%) and Specific Phobia (53.8%). There was a significant shift in Predominant Type of ADHD as a function of CA, from Combined for the youngest group (ages 4–6 years) to Inattentive for the oldest group (ages 11–16 years). The prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) increased significantly with age. These findings are another step toward defining the behavioral phenotype of WS. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


s, which should not exceed half a page, must be submitted by 1 June, 1994. Please send in your abstract with your registration form. Indicate title (capitals), name and institute, and country. The principal working language of the conference will be English. A selection of papers will be published in the Conference Proceedings. The proceedings will be made available on the international book market. Manuscripts intended for publication should be received in print and, if possible, also on a floppydisk (MS-DOS; ASCII-format or WordPerfect) during the conference. An editorial board will comment on the articles before 15 December 1994; the definitive version of each contribution has to be submitted before 1 February 1995. The overview of abstracts will be published as a book entitled The Functioning of Economy and Labour Market in a Peripheral Region The Case of Frieslund. For further information. please contact: Fryske Akademy C.U.R.E.


1
Structure and Synthesis of the BCR

2
BCR Signaling

3
BCR Antigen Uptake Function

4
Functions of the BCR in B-Cell Maturation and Activation

5
Conclusion

Keywords:

B-cell antigen receptor (BCR);
BCR signaling;
B lymphocytes and making antibodies;
pre-BCR and B-cell development;
protein tyrosine kinase activation by BCR;
signaling complex formation;
BCR signaling pathway downstream-NF-jB transcription factor activation;
BCR antigen uptake function


The complexes cis-[M(CO)2(dmpe)2](M = Cr or Mo; dmpe is Me2PCH2CH2PMe2) react with alkyl halides RX [RX is CX4(X = Cl or Br), C2Cl6, 4-YC6H4CH2X (Y = H, X = Cl, Br, or I; Y = NO2, X = Br), Ph2CHBr, R3CX (R = Ph, X = Cl; R = Me, X = I), or CH2C(R)CH2X (R = Me, X = Cl; R = H, X = Br)] to form trans-[M(CO)2(dmpe)2]X (M = Cr or Mo) and subsequently either cis-[M(CO)2(dmpe)2X]X or trans-[MH(CO)2(dmpe)2]X (M = Mo only). The reaction has been studied by i.r., e.s.r., and electronic spectroscopy and the rate of the reaction has been measured as a function of the concentration of RX in certain cases. Evidence for the intervention of para-magnetic (free-radical) species is provided by e.s.r. measurements and the observation of the effect of a spin trap (nitrosodurene). The results indicate that electron transfer by an outer-sphere process from the metal(0) complex to RX produces the metal (I) cation (M = Cr or Mo), which (when M = Mo) is then converted, by a second electron transfer to the RX substrate (which involves an inner-sphere process), into the molybdenum(II) final product. Comparisons are made with reactions of cis-[Mo(CO)2(dppe)2](dppe is Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2) and with oxidative-addition reactions of other metal complexes.


Gall bladder of a common carp is taken in some areas of Asia as a traditional medicine for improvement of their general health problems like hypertension, poor visual acuity, and impotence. Many cases have been reported on acute hepatitis, acute renal failure, gastrointestinal problems and neurological symptoms following ingestion of raw carp bile juice. We experienced a case of anuric ARF, acute hepatitis, and rhabdomyolysis that developed after indigestion of raw carp bile juice, not yet seen in previous studies. In this case, anuric state of patient was resolved after 4 days with continuous renal replacement therapy. Thus we report this case with review of literature.


There is ltttle doubt that the content of fears and worries shifts in the course of growth and development. The early investigations by Calkins (2), Binet (1), Mosso (10), Hall (3), and others, added considerably to our knowledge of the rather obscure phenomenon subsumed under such terms as fears, worries, anxieties, apprehension, vulnerability, and the Uke, and pointed out that changes may be expected relative to age levels. While these works were stimulative and suggestive, it was not until some 25 years later that these shifts became the specific area of investigation. In 1924·25 M. C. Jones in a series of experiments (8, 9) found that in children from two to five years there is an irregular increase in the display of fears toward animals, imaginary creatures, the dark, being abandoned, and bodily injury through accidents. At the end of this pre·school period these fears began to decltne and fears of humiliation and failure increased. These general findings were supported and elucidated by the work of Jersild and Holmes (6), Jerst1d, Markey, and Jersild (7), Holmes (4), Jersl1d (5), and others.


The uptake of glucose and of 3-O-methyl-d-glucose by cormel slices of Gladiolus X gandavensis Van Houtte was studied in relation to cormel dormancy. Uptake was higher in nondormant cormels. Incubation of nondormant cormels with abscisic acid (ABA) reduced their uptake capacity. Treatment of dormant cormels with 6-benzyladenine (BA) did not affect their uptake rate. ABA and BA promoted O(2) uptake, indicating that differences in uptake are not related to differences in energy supply.


Abstract In October 2012, supported by veteran advocacy group Equitas, Canadian Forces veterans of the Afghanistan campaign filed a class action lawsuit against the Federal Government. The case, Scott v. Canada, is named after lead Plaintiff Daniel Scott. In Scott, the Plaintiffs allege that under the recently enacted Canadian Forces Members and Veterans Re-establishment and Compensation Act, commonly known as the New Veterans Charter (NVC), many veterans receive less support than under the previous Pension Act. Further, they allege that the New Veterans Charter is a contravention of the 'social covenant' between Canadian citizens, the Canadian government, and past and present Canadian military members and their families.


The Hg content is determined usually with atomic absorption spectrom ter,Hg analyzer.In this paper,we have a discussion about the testing method of trace Hg in soil with AFS-230E atomic fluorescence spectrome ter,which is characterized by the simple,rapid operation,high sensitivity,little disturbance of matrix and stable analysis result,etc.The recovery of testing Hg 90%~105%,limit of detection 0.00005 mg/L,which can meet the requirement of trace Hg test of soil in planting field.


Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD) or Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death around the globe. Early identification of the disease can significantly save precious lives. But the identification of heart-related diseases is a challenging task as it relies on a wide range of factors. Machine Learning algorithms have strong potential in prediction-related domains. In this paper, we have used an Ensembled model called the Hard Vot-ing Ensemble Model to detect heart disease. A dataset containing 13 features is taken from the UCI repo using Kaggle. Seven different algorithms are used, tested, and trained, accuracy is measured and out of those, models with the best accuracy are picked and ensembled together. The ensemble model resulted in higher accuracy than all other individual models.


In an effort to recognize roentgenographically finer changes in the vertebral column in cases of tumors of the spinal cord, a series of measurements of the size of the vertebral canal and a special study of the pedicles were made. As a preliminary, the roentgen films of one hundred normal spines were studied. The following conclusions were reached : The inner borders of the pedicles are convex, but pedicles with flat inner borders occurred in 59 per cent of the films of all parts of the vertebral column, and pedicles with concave inner borders occurred in 20 per cent of the films taken below the level of the seventh thoracic vertebra. The measurements of the distance between the inner borders of the pedicles showed that the distance is greater in the cervical and lumbar regions than in the thoracic region. From the second to the fifth cervical vertebra, the interpedicular spaces increased in size from vertebra to vertebra, while from the fifth cervical to the second thoracic vertebra the space between the inner borders of each pair of pedicles became progressively smaller. It was not unusual, however, for the interpedicular spaces of several vertebrae to be of the same size. From the second to the fifth thoracic vertebra the spaces became gradually smaller. From the fifth to and including the ninth thoracic vertebra the size of the spaces was unchanged. From the tenth thoracic to the fifth lumbar vertebra the spaces become progressively larger, although, just as in the cervical region, it was not unusual for the interpedicular spaces of several vertebrae to be of the same dimension. Exact figures were given regarding the usual and the extreme size of the interpedicular spaces at the different vertebral levels. The studies of the shape of the vertebral pedicles and measurements of the size of the vertebral canal showed that it was possible in a number of instances to make the diagnosis of tumor of the spinal cord and to determine the location and the approximate size of the neoplasm from the roentgen films. It was often possible to confirm clinical signs and to determine exactly where the operation for the removal of a growth should be performed. These studies led to the following conclusions : On anteroposterior roentgen films of the normal spine, the inner borders of the pedicles are usually convex, but pedicles with flat inner borders are frequently seen in all parts of the vertebral column; pedicles with concave inner borders sometimes occur below the level of the seventh thoracic vertebra. Accurate measurements of the interpedicular spaces can be made from the fifth cervical to the fifth lumbar vertebra. The measurements give reliable information as to the comparative size of the canal at the different vertebral levels. In cases of tumor of the spinal cord there is often an increase in the size of the vertebral canal at the level of the growth. This can be recognized by measure¬ ments of the spaces between the pedicles. Enlargement of the canal was found in 43 per cent of sixty-seven cases and was especially frequent when the tumor


The most coherent version of descriptive investigation into translation appears to be Toury's descriptive translation studies. This major stream of research rests on important assumptions such as translations as cultural facts, target-orientedness of translation, and translation as a norm-governed activity. Despite its innovations, this theoretical line displays serious shortcomings such as its artificial use of scientific discourse, lack of practical methodologies, and the assumption that it has monopoly over description. The purpose of the present study is to propose Ricoeur's extended translation theory, supplemented by his narrative theory, as an alternative way of describing translation. To accomplish this, the study focuses on explicitation as one of the major translation universals hypotheses in DTS. The narrative theory not only describes minimal and maximal aspects of translation, but also suggests conceptions that encompass the major innovations of DTS.


In March 1985 the Pacific Coast Conference on British Studies devoted its annual meeting to honoring George Dangerfield upon the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of his book, The Strange Death of Liberal England. Scholars from various parts of the United States and from several British Universities came together to pay their respects to Dangerfield, and to talk about his famous history. The principal organizers of the meeting were Professor Peter Stansky of Stanford University; Professor R. J. Q. Adams of Texas AM and Professor Dan Krieger, California Polytechnic State University. These organizers made two requests of me. They invited me to deliver an oral comment upon a paper about Dangerfield which was presented to the conference by Professor Carolyn White of the University of Alabama; and they also asked that I write this essay about "Dangerfield-the man and historian." The idea was to make his personality known to a wider audience by recalling certain experiences and by relating certain anecdotes which illustrate the character of this remarkable scholar and man of letters. The celebration of the anniversary of 7he Strange Death of Liberal England actually began a few months earlier when the Chancellor of the University of California, Santa Barbara, Dr. R. A. Huttenback, presented Dangerfield with a University Medal in commemoration of the book. At this ceremony at U.C.S.B. Dangerfield casually remarked that The Strange Death of Liberal England had appeared in nineteen editions and he thought, but was not entirely certain, that a twentieth edition was about to be produced. I first met Dangerfield when I came to U.C.S.B. as an Associate Professor of History. A colleague told me he lived in the town and this colleague arranged a meeting. I found that George Dangerfield dwelt half-way up a mountain side in splendid isolation in a splendid house just outside Santa Barbara in a place called the Toro Canyon Road. A large cocktail party was in progress when I arrived but my host at once took pains to make me welcome. I found a slim, animated and vibrant man who wanted to talk to me about English history. I had recently written a book about Arthur Balfour and he asked if he could borrow it. Later, when he had read it he was good enough to say he liked it and that he proposed to write to his bookseller in London in order to purchase a copy. When I said he could keep the copy I had lent him he was surprised. He did not seem able to understand how delighted I was that so eminent a writer wanted to own a


The Ada 9X program is revising and refining Ada 83 [1] to satisfy critical revision requirements [2] while minimizing the impact to the existing Ada community. The real-time community has generated several of these revision requirements based upon their needs which SE not adequatdy satisfied by the predefine capabilities of A& 83. 'Ihe Catalogue of Interface Features and Options (CIFO) [3] was developed to satisfy these requirements well in advance of Ada 9X. The CIFO supplies access to the capabilities that programmers need to develop real-time applications in A& 83 via specified interfaces to runtime environments. These interfaces can be used to access ruptime services and to tailor the runtirne environment to meet application specific requirements. This paper explains where Ada 9X subsumes CIFO capabilities, together with any differences. Features of the CIFO that are not covered by the Ada 9X proposals are also discussed. ~. INTRODUCTION The definition of the Ada language [1] provides the flexibility that is needed to tailor the implementation of several important runtime capabilities to various target architectures. This flexibility leads to a multiplicity of interfaces to mntime environm ents. A real-time programmer frequently needs to how the interface to these runtime features to satisfy application requirements. The Catalogue of Interface Features and Options [3] defines a common interface to runtime environments through Entries. A CEO Enny gives the programmer a contract for the interface to the specified runtime feature. Thus, the applicathm code is portable across CIFO implementations. The Ada 9X program is responding to the requirements for additional real-time support by defining proposals which extend the functionsii~ of Ada 83. The Ada 9X Mapping Specification [4, 5,61 describes runtime enhancement proposals for general solutioos to many of the Entries in the CIFO. Hence, the curmmt Ada 9X specification has the necessary facilities to meet most of the needs of the real-time application programmer defined as part of the language standard. This paper evaluates the Ada 9X support for the CIFO Entries. A brief summaIY of CIFO 3.0 and its Entries is given in the next section. Section 3 reviews the A& 9X features that support real-time progr amming. The Ada 9X coverage of the CIFO Entries is exsmiued in Section 4. Section 5 summarizes the results.


Objective To explore the effect of internal fixation and three approaches to wound surface,aseptic dressing traditionally,DR acellular xeno-dermis and vacuum sealing drainage(VSD),on treatment of tibiofibula fracture complicated with osteofascial compartment syndrome.Methods Sixty-seven patients with tibiofibula fracture complicated with osteofascial compartment syndrome were randomly divided into three groups,which were treated by internal fixation adjuvant treatment of traditional method(group A,n=35),DR acellular xeno-dermis(group B,n=13) and VSD(group C,n=19) respectively.After the granulation tissue grew well,phase II line free skin grafting was performed.Results All patients with VSD group wound repair healing was well,and bone compartment syndrome was well controlled.Compared with group A,group B and C were better in the average switching frequency,3 d postoperative wounds effusion quantity,relieve leg swelling degree,pain,the wound infection rate,length of hospital stay,the second phase of wound repair time,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion The internal fixation adjuvant treatment of VSD is a simple but utility method of treating tibiofibula fracture complicated with osteofascial compartment syndrome,which can shorten hospital stay,reduce the infection and exudation,relieve swelling and pain.DR acellular xeno-dermis is not significantly superior to VSD,but it's cheaper and easier to use,especially suitable for the basic level hospital.


This paper explores the potential benefits of developing a retirement income that considers both immediate fixed annuities (IFA) and immediate variable annuities (IVA) using a stochastic utility model combined with a scenario framework. Optimal annuity allocations vary considerably across household type, but certainty equivalent retirement income increases by 20 percent, on average, when incorporating annuities. Total annuity allocations increase when both IFAs and IVAs are considered, and retirees realize only approximately two-thirds of the benefits of annuitization when just one annuity type is considered. IVA allocations were typically higher than IFA allocations because most households already have a base level of fixed guaranteed income (through Social Security); therefore, IVAs can be a unique diversifier from a retirement-income perspective. Overall, this analysis strongly suggests retirees (and financial advisors) should consider annuities as part of a retirement-income strategy, and that they should consider different types of annuities to create the best possible plan.


These keynote speeches discuss the following: Research challenges in multimedia & cloud computing; Latest trends and technologies in JAVA; Challenges & issues in V-learning; and Recent trends in digital era.


The structure and distribution of the silver particles in receiving layer in instanto-photography have been directly observed by high voltage electron microscopy. The aggregates of the silver particles in receiving layer in the presence of toner have been clearly seen. This proves that the function of the toner is to induce rapid formation of small particles and then which collect rapidly to aggregates.Silver covering power and properties of nucleus of receiving layer which relate to silver particles structure and distribution of receiving layer have been studied respectively.


Glia cell proliferation associated with myelination within the central nervous system was first described by Roback & Scherer (1935). Since then changes in cell number related to myelination in the whole brain have been studied by Uzman & Rumley (1958) and by Bass, Netsky & Young (1969) by estimating the total DNA content of the brain. Certain fibre tracts have also been examined,for example the corpus callosum (Hillebrand, 1966; Schonbach, Hu & Friede, 1968; Schmidt, 1969; Lucas, 1972), the pyramidal tract (Heider, 1967; Matthews & Duncan, 1971) and the optic nerve (Vaughn, 1969; Blunt, Baldwin & Wendell-Smith, 1972). These latter studies showed changes in glial population per unit area, and were not primarily concerned with the increase in total cell population which would accompany growth in length and cross-sectional area of the particular tract being studied. The present work is an attempt to measure the increase in the total glia population within a well-defined fibre bundle of the mouse brain, before, during, and after the onset of myelination. The anterior limb of the anterior commissure was selected as it is a small, well-defined tract which can be easily identified in both horizontal and coronal sections, and unlike the commissure proper its fibre content eventually shows a uniform degree of myelination (Nakamuru, Omori & Omori, 1960). In order to relate changes in nuclear population to the phase of myelination, particularly the fast phase described by Mcllwain (1955), the percentage of myelinated fibres present at various ages was also recorded.


Heat transfer optimization is a crucial aspect of the design process for Formula Student race cars, particularly for the radiator, usually housed in a side pod. For the car to operate at peak performance, a well-designed radiator-sidepod system is essential such that it can dissipate heat generated by the engine faster, for the car to run in optimal performance. Testing the car physically for various radiator-sidepod design iterations is a very difficult task, also considering the costs to manufacture the radiator-sidepod setup. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive methodology for analysing heat transfer through radiator setup using Computational Fluid Dynamics and to validate it through experimental investigations, to enhance performance and efficiency of the radiator setup. It further explains how to find out its heat transfer efficiency, and to choose the right radiator-sidepod setup, giving optimal performance. The flow of coolant inside the radiator, as well as external air flow through sidepod, is considered for realistic results in numerical analysis. Various radiator dimensions and sidepod designs are considered in the scope of this paper. The heat transfer simulation is performed in ANSYS Fluent, and their results compared. The final radiator-sidepod setup concluded as optimal setup in this study provided an average temperature drop of 2.9 °C through experiment and 2.72 °C through numerical analysis, providing uniform airflow through the radiator face with less dirty air.


Edutainment is an emerging field in educational technique.Chinese Ph.D and MA theses represent the disciplinary frontier in China.Based on the concerned theses,this review attempts to depict the status quo in Chinese edutainment research in terms of three aspects: theoretical study,design and development,and application.


The velocity of tidal current at the location of Haya Strait shows that the velocity of ocean currents could reach 2.54 m/s with the available power density of Pd = (0 −3670) x10−3 kW/m2. To utilise the available energy, then a prototype of bulb propeller tidal turbine in the form of Venturi canal was designed and tested using a raft platform. The dimensions of the turbine; inlet diameter D0 = 4 meter and impeller diameter D1 = 1.5 meter and outlet diameter = 2.60 meter. At the speed stated above, hydraulic force obtained reached 324 kW. Optimization of turbine output parameters is carried out through structural modification and cross-view geometrical modification. Turbine meridian cross view section is modified to be streamlined. In this case, cross view modification by adapting ducted-turbine that is carried out without changing the inlet dimension. Flow velocity was measured at three turbine sections, namely at the inlet section, the impeller housing section and the outlet section. Rate of meridian flow is measured at three meridian positions, which are Vo at the inlet, V1 at the impeller and V2 at the outlet. Output parameters are calculated based on the water velocity and the data measured at the three corresponding sections. The maximum power coefficient was found to be 0.593 that occurs at the induction factor value of a = 0.346 and the maximum thrust coefficient of CT = 1 was found at the induction factor value of a = 1. The hydraulic power is changed from 0.00 ÷ 226 kW to 0 ÷ 324 kW, or an increase of 43%. The turbine brake power is changed within the range of 0.00 ÷ 194 kW to 0 ÷ 221 kW that is equivalent to 14% of power increase.


The development of lace has a profound impact on the economic development and new employment in some regions, so the demand for lace is increasing year by year. However, the quality inspection problem has been troubling the whole lace industry. In order to solve this problem, this paper uses the fingerprint identification method to extract and match the details of feature points to detect the defects of lace images. Firstly, a series of preprocessing is carried out between the template and the image to be matched, including normalization, distinguishing the initial foreground and background color, removing the void and burr, image refinement, etc. Secondly, two kinds of detail feature points, namely, endpoints and bifurcation points, are extracted from the thinning graph and the feature information of lace detail points is counted. Then, three kinds of pseudo feature points, short line, outlier and ring, are removed according to the process of distance and ring method. Finally, the Euclidean distance is used to calculate the distance between each step length of the same feature point in the two images and the current feature point, and the distance is saved. If the coordinates of the pixel points stored within the synchronous length are basically the same, it means that the two images are the same. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the compared algorithms in terms of both recognition rate and algorithm speed, which meets the requirements of small and medium-sized lace enterprises.


Can a novel sperm selection technique (GST) yield higher rates of embryos and offspring of the desired sex in couples undergoing ICSI with PGT-A?

 GST consistently enriched spermatozoa, resulting in a higher proportion of embryos and offspring of the desired sex without impairing clinical outcomes or offspring health.

 Although various methods to select sex-specific spermatozoa have been proposed over the years, many of these techniques have been shown to have varying degrees of success in addition to being time-consuming and costly. Moreover, the use of fluorescence and electrical charges in some of these methods has raised concerns about their potential contribution to congenital malformations. Here, we tested a novel sperm selection method aimed at achieving a higher proportion of embryos of the desired sex, without compromising clinical outcome or offspring health.

 Over a 6-year period, ejaculates from male partners of couples (n = 109) undergoing ICSI with PGT-A were processed using GST to enrich spermatozoa for the couples' preferred sex. Standard sperm processing was carried out for couples undergoing ICSI exclusively to assess conceptus aneuploidy, comprising the control group (n = 1,261). The proportion of male and female spermatozoa in the initial and selected specimens, PGT-A results, and ICSI outcomes were compared between the two groups.

 A total of 1,370 couples were treated in 2,483 ICSI cycles. Standard sperm processing was performed for 1,261 couples who did not have an offspring sex preference. For 109 consenting couples, GST was used to enrich spermatozoa for their desired sex (IRB 1306014043). To confirm sex enrichment, ≥1,000 sperm cells were screened by fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) for 9 chromosomes. The couples' PGT-A results and ICSI outcomes were compared between the control and GST cohorts.

 For the control cohort (n = 1,261), ejaculates were processed in the standard fashion. Spermatozoa sex ratio was unaffected. These couples (maternal age, 37.1±4yrs; paternal age, 39.1±6yrs) underwent 2,356 ICSI cycles (1.2±1), yielding an 80.9% fertilization rate (14,830/18,321). PGT-A results confirmed that 46.6% (n = 760) of their embryos were female and 53.4% (n = 872) were male. They achieved a 76.3% (725/950) implantation rate and a 64.9% (617/950) clinical pregnancy rate resulting in 569 healthy deliveries (48% female, 52% male).
 From the study cohort (n = 109), 60 couples desired a female and 49 desired a male child. Those who desired female offspring (maternal age, 37.9±4yrs; paternal age, 40.8±6yrs) obtained an 81.6% sperm sex enrichment, per FISH. They underwent 74 ICSI cycles and achieved a 77.6% (592/763) fertilization rate resulting in 78.1% (235/301) female embryos that generated a 79.3% (23/29) implantation rate, yielding 16 singleton deliveries of healthy female offspring that are developing normally.
 The 49 couples (maternal age, 37.6±3yrs; paternal age, 40.8±5yrs) preferring male offspring obtained an 80.8% sperm sex enrichment. They underwent 53 ICSI cycles and achieved a 74.7% (481/644) fertilization rate with an equivalent proportion of male embryos (231/292, 79.1%). Their implantation rate was 90.9% (20/22), yielding 14 healthy male singletons, all developing normally.

 Although our sperm sex selection method does not guarantee offspring of a specific sex, it allowed couples participating in the study to obtain a greater proportion of conceptuses of their desired genotype. This method does not aim to replace PGT-A, but rather reduce embryo wastage.

 Semen specimens processed by GST yielded satisfactory fertilization and embryo development, comparable to those from the control cohort. Moreover, offspring health was not negatively affected. These encouraging findings indicate that our method is safe and can consistently enrich for the desired embryo sex in a reliable and ethically palatable manner.

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SCORES OF nurses could each lose thousands of pounds a year in income by working on primary care groups (PCGs), it has been revealed.


ABSTRACT This article is an eloquent response to the Roman Catholic clergy sexual abuse crisis from a lay Catholic woman. In it Estes outlines what a real apology would look like.


We herein report the trace level determination of t-butyl alcohol and t-butyl chloride by GC of dolasetron mesylate using a DB-502 column. This method was developed based on an oven programming approach using a nitrogen gas as the mobile phase. The detection limit for the t-butyl alcohol and t-butyl chloride using our developed method was 1.5 ppm. The quantification limit for the t-butyl alcohol and t-butyl chloride using our developed method was 4.5 ppm respectively. Our method is also compatible with the GC-MS (mass spectrometry) technique using helium gas mobile phase instead of nitrogen gas. The successful separation of t-butyl alcohol and t-butyl chloride were confirmed by determination of their corresponding specific molecular masses. We expect that our method will be applicable for the trace level determination of t-butyl alcohol and t-butyl chloride during the control of manufacturing processes, and for use in rapid analysis for quality control in the pharmaceutical industry. Finally, this method was validated according to the International Council on Harmonization Validation Guidelines Q2 (R1).


This paper presents flow visualization of free jets from a sonic nozzle by LIF (Laser lnduced Fluorescence) method and an analysis of their structures by picture processing. LlF method in this paper uses a property that iodine, seeded in carrier gas, radiates fluorescence by irradiation of laser beam. Features of free jets, mach disk and barrel shock, are measured from picture processing of developed films.


Objective: To study the relationship between abnormal pregnancy and cytogenetics. Methods: Chromsome karyotype for peripheral blood was analysed from 2532 cases with the history of abnormal pregnancy. Results: There are 248 cases abnormal chromosome karyotype of the 2532 cases. The incidence of abnormal rate was 9.79%.somatic chromosome mutation in 28 cases. Conclusion: The abnormality of chromosome is one of the basic reasons of disfavorable pregnancy.


The use of high capacity electrode materials based on alloying and dealloying reactions with Na is very effective for improving energy density of batteries. However, their application brings on electrical isolation such as detachment of the electrode mixture layer from a current collector, causing rapid capacity fading. We previously found that Cu electrochemically grows in sheet form by electroplating in a CuSO4-based aqueous solution with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). In the present study, our goal was to elucidate the formation mechanism of Cu sheets by characterization using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and electron scatter diffraction patterns (EBSD) mapping. Then, the cycling performance of a Sn negative electrode for Na-ion batteries was significantly upgraded by the application of a roughened-Cu substrate with optimized sheet thickness. The STEM images and EBSD maps revealed that the Cu sheet was a single crystal, and the results obtained from XRD...


The purpose of this study is to research what the art therapy by collage has influence upon rearing stress as make the mental retardation children's mothers an object. The concrete study contents are as mentioned below. First, analyze and bring light on the effects that the art therapy by collage influence upon rearing stress of mental retardation children's mothers as classified by sessions. Second, bring light on the effects that the art therapy by collage influence upon rearing stress related to parental distress. Third. bring light on the effects that the art therapy by collage influence upon rearing stress related to parent-child dysfunctional interaction. Fourth, bring light on the effects that the art therapy by collage influence upon rearing stress related to difficult child. This study was enforced making two different groups, among mental retardation children's mothers aged from 34 to 43 years old, as one experimental group consists of 6 persons who agreed to a participation of the art therapy, and the other one controlled group consists of 6 persons who did not agree to a participation of the art therapy. Compared before the fact & after the fact using PSI / SF measured the rearing stress, and the study consequence analyzed before the fact & after the fact of both of the experimental group and the controlled group as used the sessional analysis and PSI / SF. Conclusion of this study is as mentioned below. First, as a result of alteration of rearing stress by sessional analysis, the fact that the art therapy by collage helped rearing stress of the mental retardation children's mothers to be reduced. Second, we could realize that the art therapy by collage affected to reduce the rearing stress related to parental distress. Third, the art therapy by collage affected to reduce the rearing stress related to parent-child dysfunctional interaction. Fourth, the art therapy by collage affected to reduce the rearing stress related to difficult child. Therefore, according to this study, it has been brought to light that the art therapy by collage would be effective for the rearing stress of mental retardation children's mothers.


Analysis of the near-UV resonance Raman enhanced vibrations in the 1000-1700-cm{sup {minus}1} range of Cu{sup II}, Fe{sup III}, and Co{sup III} complexes of octaethylporphyrin and etioporphyrin I {pi} cation radicals and of the corresponding complexes with {sup 2}H substituted at the porphyrin methine carbon positions is presented. Comparison of analogous spectra of octaethylporphyrin vs etioporphyrin I complexes is used to identify vibrations involving the pyrrole b-carbon atoms and thus serves as an alternative to isotopic labeling at this position. The results are consistent with and provide an extension of our earlier vibrational assignments, which were based on structural trends and depolarization ratios of the Raman bands in the 1450-1700-cm{sup {minus}1} region. Our results reveal that the wavenumbers of the octaethylporphyrin C{sub a}C{sub m}, C{sub a}N, and C{sub a}C{sub b} internal stretching coordinates decrease slightly while those of the C{sub b}C{sub b} stretching coordinates increase when the macrocycle is oxidized by one electron. The magnitude of the wavenumber shifts caused by methine carbon deuteriation and b-carbon substitution are comparable for the neutral and {pi} cation species. This suggests that although the force constants are changed ({approx}1-3%) upon oxidation, the overall potential energy distributions of the normal coordinates of the {pi} cationmore » radical remain similar to those of the parent compounds, most likely reflecting similar macrocycle stereochemistry for neutral and oxidized species in CH{sub 2}Cl{sub 2} solution. Our analysis suggests that the optical and resonance Raman spectral properties of these complexes strongly reflect the conformation of the oxidized porphyrin ring. This implies that the distinct optical spectra of the cobaltic octaethylporphyrin {pi} cations.« less


Plastic waste entering the riverine harms local ecosystems leading to negative ecological and economic impacts. Large parcels of plastic waste are transported from inland to oceans leading to a global scale problem of floating debris fields. In this context, efficient and automatized monitoring of mismanaged plastic waste is paramount. To address this problem, we analyze the feasibility of macro-plastic litter detection using computational imaging approaches in river-like scenarios. We enable near-real-time tracking of partially submerged plastics by using snapshot Visible-Shortwave Infrared hyperspectral imaging. Our experiments indicate that imaging strategies associated with machine learning classification approaches can lead to high detection accuracy even in challenging scenarios, especially when leveraging hyperspectral data and nonlinear classifiers. All code, data, and models are available online: https://github.com/RIVeR-Lab/hyperspectral_macro_plastic_detection.


The introduction of Diagnosis Related Groups has significantly changed the German healthcare sector, particularly the financial situation of hospitals. In order to meet the new requirements and to streamline organizations, hospitals attempt to implement a process driven organization. First of all, this paper explains the basic theory of business processes and subsequently introduces the two methodologies Business Process Optimization and Business Reengineering. A case study is used to illustrate the courses of action of Business Reengineering. Finally, both methodologies and their applicability in hospitals are critically compared. This paper offers an overview of process theory and of two popular procedures for implementing a process organization in hospitals.


This blanket concept uses a dilute suspension of fine solid breeder particles (Li/sub 2/O, LiAlO/sub 2/, or Li/sub 4/SiO/sub 4/) in a carrier gas (He) as the coolant and the tritium breeding stream. A small fraction of this stream is processed outside the reactor for tritium recovery. The blanket consists of a beryllium multiplier and carbon/steel reflector. A steel clad is used for all materials. A carbon reflector is employed to reduce the beryllium thickness used in the blanket for a specific tritium breeding ratio. The breeder particle size has to exceed few microns (greater than or equal to2 microns) to avoid sticking problems on the cold surfaces of the heat exchanger. The helium gas pressure is in the range of 2 to 3 MPa to carry the blanket and the heat exchanger loop. The solid breeder concentration in the helium stream is 1 to 5 volume percent. A high lithium-6 enrichment is used to produce a high tritium breeding ratio and to reduce the breeder concentration in the helium gas. At a lithium-6 enrichment of 90%, the local tritium breeding ratio is 2.03 based on a one-dimensional poloidal model. The total thickness of the helium stream is only 4more » cm out of the 50 cm total blanket thickness. The blanket uses a 35 cm of beryllium for neutron multiplication. A simple multi-layer design is employed where the blanket sector has the helium coolant flowing in the poloidal direction. The blanket concept has several unique advantages which are very beneficial for fusion reactors including ITER. 10 refs., 2 tabs.« less


English is taught and learned as a foreign language in Korea, which results in an inadequate amount of natural input, which, in turn, makes it imperative that language input be manipulated in ways that would lead to better learning outcomes. In this quasi-experimental study, 91 Korean elementary school students were randomly assigned into one of the five input frequency distribution conditions (one balanced distribution condition, three skewed-first distribution conditions with three different levels of skewedness, and one control condition) and exposed to a novel construction in English. The results showed overall that frequency did work and that the more skewed the distribution was, the more learning outcomes were observed (in terms of the extent of construction learning as well as the generalizability of the learned knowledge). The findings are discussed in light of the input-driven usage-based and frequency-based approaches to language learning.


The male's wisdom has already been our dominance culture.Female's wisdom in female life core still the recessive feeling relatively.The Female's wisdom needs to be enlightened from internal to external in order to gear to the human civilization.Cainozoic born after 1980.The person born after the 1980 is the main body of the cainozoic.As the example of the wisdom education,the main body of this paper is to carry out multivariant criticism to the poem written by my student Hong Wu—a college student.Using the type of "conversation" and through the logic study,we can draw a conclusion that Hong Wu's poem can enlighten the female wisdom.


Elution of the antibody coating human erythrocytes in a case of auto‐immune haemolytic disease showed a specificity for the antigen E which was not present on the patient erythrocytes. The patient's serum contained iso‐immune anti‐C and anti‐E specificities.


. The genus Aplastodiscus currently includes 15 valid species, and a further five candidate species have already been pointed out in the literature. We here describe one of these candidate species, assigned to the A. albosignatus group, from the southeastern slopes of the Espinhaço Range, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is cryptic with A. cavicola , being morphologically similar in both adult and larval stages. However, the two species are not sister taxa. The advertisement call of the new species is markedly distinct from all other known species of its genus. Examination of topotypic samples of A. cavicola corroborates the presence of this species in the Espinhaço Range, but also indicates the need for a revision of the taxonomic status of populations from the state of Rio de Janeiro assigned to this taxon. praorbital and infraorbital lines behind region medially and laterally to the nares, respectively. Posterior supraorbital and posterior infraorbital lines are irregu-larly arranged behind the eyes. Angular lines extend ob-liquely from below eyes to the ventral contour of body and are distinct in the mid-ventral region of the body. Anterior oral lines extend from the lateral region of oral disc and approach the angular lines ventrally. Longitudinal oral line located between the anterior oral line and angular line. Dorsal and middle lines extend from the mid-dorsal body region to the tail; the first, medially located ones converge anterior to the junction and continue posteriorly along the dorsal fin to halfway down the tail; middle lines located dorsolaterally reach the body–tail junction where they join the middle caudal series. Along the proximal third of tail, this middle series turns towards the dorsal fin of the tail, reaching the dorsal fin base, and turns incon-spicuous in the distal third of the tail. Ventral body lines extend anterodorsally from near the vent tube to the region above the spiracle. Following a small gap without neuro-masts, they continue posteroventrally from below the base of the spiracle to the mid-abdominal region.


sections and ensures their better preservation. The use of von Willebrand factor and smooth muscle α-actin as markers allow evaluating not only the structure, but also the functional status of the studied blood vessels. This provides application of the proposed method for scientific and clinical diagnostic studies.


Reactive oxygen species such as superoxide are potentially harmful byproducts of the aerobic metabolism in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and complexes I (the ETF enzyme) and III (the cytochrome bc1 complex) of the electron transport chain have been identified as primary sources. The exact mechanisms of superoxide production have not been fully established, but a crucial starting point would be the binding of molecular oxygen within one of the protein complexes. The present investigation offers a comprehensive computational approach for the determination of binding modes and characteristic binding times of small molecules inside proteins, which is then used to reveal several O2 binding sites near the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor of the ETF enzyme. The binding sites are further characterized to extract the necessary parameters for further studies of possible electron transfer between flavin and O2 leading to radical pair formation and possible superoxide production.


Whole body skeletal scintigraphy was performed using 99mTc-(1-hydroxyethylidene) diphosphonate in 9 paraplegic, 4 hemiplegic and 3 hemiparetic patients. In 5 paraplegic and all 4 hemiplegic patients, whose paralysis ranged from 2 months to 9 years in duration, a diffusely increased localization of the technetium complex was seen in the bones of the involved extremities. The other 4 paraplegic patients, whose paralysis exceeded 9 years in duration, and all 3 hemiparetic patients had normal skeletal 99mTc complex localization.


Urinary CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels have been described as up-regulated in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) during acute rejection (AR), suggesting that urinary CXCR3-binding chemokines may be of predictive and diagnostic value (1, 2). Indeed, high pretransplant serum CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels were found to be associated with lower 5-year graft survival rates and AR within the first year after kidney transplantation, a finding interpreted as suggesting that pretransplant CXCR3-binding chemokine assessment may identify patients at risk for AR and graft loss (3, 4). In the latter two studies, KTRs receiving induction therapy were excluded from the analysis, potentially obscuring the clinical usefulness of these findings, because the majority of KTRs now receive some form of induction therapy (5). To address this issue, we have investigated whether pretransplant serum CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels are also predictive for AR in KTRs receiving basiliximab or alemtuzumab induction therapy as risk stratification based on biomarkers is of great potential benefit for KTRs. Sixty-four KTRs, 44 receiving basiliximab, tacrolimus, and steroids, with azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil, and 20 receiving alemtuzumab, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil were enrolled. Of this cohort, 10 patients experienced a biopsy-proven AR episode and 2 patients had an AR episode diagnosed by clinical criteria without biopsy confirmation within the first year after transplantation. Pretransplantserumsampleswereassayed in duplicate for CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK) following the manufacturer's instructions. Total leukocyte CXCR3 (ABI assay ID Hs00171041 m1) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) (forward primer TGCTTTCCTTGGTCAGGCAGTA, reverse primer TCCAACAAAGTCTGGCTTATATCCA, and probe TCAAGGTCGCAAGCTTGCTGGTGAAA) gene expression were determined using standard real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction techniques. For statistical analysis, the Mann-Whitney U test was used, and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results in the text are expressed as mean standard deviation. Pretransplant demographics were similar between patients with and without AR, except for gender distribution (data not shown). End-stage renal disease patients had significantly higher CXCL9 levels and similar CXCL10 levels compared with healthy controls (data not shown). When patients were grouped based on the occurrence of AR within 1 year after transplantation, no significant difference in CXCL9 levels (296.4 452.9 vs. 150.1 88.4, P not significant; Fig. 1A) or CXCL10 levels (158.2 91.2 vs. 103.2 32.9, P not significant; Fig. 1B) between nonrejecting patients and patients with AR was observed. Rotondi et al. (4) described cutoff values for CXCL9 and CXCL10 of 272.1 and 133.2 pg/mL, respectively, as useful for identifying patients with higher immunologic risk. To explore the lack of predictive value of CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels for AR in the patient cohort analyzed in this study, separately and combined, we stratified into high and low CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels based on these cutoff values. Only 1 patient had high CXCL9 levels, 20 patients had high CXCL10 levels, and 11 patients had high levels of both (Fig. 1C). The sole patient with high CXCL9 levels did not develop AR, whereas two patients with high CXCL10 levels (10%) and one patient with high levels of both (9%) experienced AR. For the patients with only high CXCL10 levels, it should be noted that CXCL10 levels were just above the cutoff (133.4 and 147.1 pg/mL, respectively). The finding that CXCR3-binding chemokine levels fail to predict AR in alemtuzumab-treated KTRs may be explained by the rapid lymphocyte depletion (6) (Fig. 1D). Consequently, cells responsive to CXCL9 and CXCL10 are lost, confirmed by decreased CXCR3 gene expression (Fig. 1E). Basiliximab does not cause lymphocyte depletion but impairs T-cell activation by interleukin2R -chain blockade (7). Because activation is required for CXCR3 expression (8), basiliximab may prevent CXCR3 expression, rendering T cells unresponsive to CLCL9 and CXCL10 signaling. At the time of writing, two patients lost their grafts, one because of AR and one because of cytomegalovirus infection. The former had CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels below the cutoff values, and the latter had CXCL10 levels above the cutoff value (205.9 pg/mL). The demonstration that pretransplant serum CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels failed to predict AR in patients receiving basiliximab or alemtuzumab induction therapy stresses the importance of performing biomarker studies in patients receiving different immunosuppressive regimens. To be widely applicable, any biomarker should be capable of defining patients at risk irrespective of the immunosuppressive regimen.


That x is desired is a necessary but not a sufficient ground for claiming that x is good or that x ought to be or that x is desirable—and these three phrases I take to be synonymous for Dewey. Everything that is desirable is desired but it is not the case that everything that is desired is desirable. What else is needed to make a desire desirable is the main burden of Dewey's ethics.


Speed of injection of bupivacaine was assessed in 73 women who received epidural analgesia in labour. Rapid injection was shown to produce quicker onset of epidural block and more reliable perineal anaesthesia than slow injection, but there was no difference in the final extent of the block.


Purdue's ECET department has supported surface mount technology (SMT) in its labs for over 10 years. In that time the department has expanded its teaching of the design and assembly of devices incorporating surface mount components (SMCs) from design basics and simple manual assembly in one undergraduate class, to more complex designs and manual & automated assembly in two electronic manufacturing courses, one undergraduate and one dual-level. The students in the department routinely use Cadence electronic computer aided design (ECAD) software for the design and analysis of circuits and for the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs). The boards are fabricated by a commercial PCB fabricator, then assembled in one of two laboratories the department has with assembly equipment suitable for both manual and automated assembly of SMCs. This paper will briefly discuss the design concepts unique to SMT devices and the manual and automated assembly technologies suitable for use in teaching laboratories. SMCs from chip resistor and capacitor components through fine-pitch quad flat pack ICs can be manually soldered and desoldered from PCBs with equipment costing no more than $800. The paper will give examples of the manual tools necessary to perform these operations, as well as of semi-automated and fully-automated equipment suitable for SMC assembly, and ranging in cost from $6K for semi-automated tools to $30K for a small automated assembly line. The paper will also present examples of projects completed by students, as well as learning objectives for the undergraduate course.


A bounded stochastic optimal semi-active control strategy for random excited hysteretic systems by using MR damper is proposed and illustrated by an example of a single degree-of-freedom hysteretic system. First, the dynamics of MR damper and the hysteretic force are expressed by using the Bouc-Wen model. Then, the system is converted into an equivalent nonlinear non-hysteretic stochastic system, from which the optimal bounded semi-active control law consisting of optimal unbounded control and bang-bang control is derived by using stochastic averaging method and stochastic dynamical programming principle. Finally, the response of optimally controlled system is predicted from solving the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov (FPK) equation associated with the fully averaged Itô equation. Numerical results show that the proposed control strategy has high control effectiveness and efficiency.


We utilize localized surface plasmon resonance excited on an Au nanoparticle array for optical trapping. The radiation field from the resonant oscillating dipoles has large gradient, which results in dielectrophoretic force with lower optical intensity than conventional optical tweezers.


The purpose of this research was to determine characteristics that differentiated potentially publishable from nonpublishable manuscripts submitted for publication. We examined 128 manuscripts sent as initial submissions to Psychology of Women Quarterly and forwarded to one of its Associate Editors between April 1981 and September 1985. Each manuscript was independently evaluated by two raters and characterized on a number of dimensions. In addition, each reviewer criticism was categorized. Simple manuscript characteristics (type of research, length of manuscript, number of tables and figures, characteristics of the research sample) did not differentiate potentially publishable from rejected manuscripts. However, external reviewers judged rejected manuscripts to have more total problems, especially problems with regard to the significance of the research, suitability of the research for the Journal, and research conception, design, and analysis.


Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are digital representations of the topographic information of a geographic area and are based on a high number of points defined by the X-, Yand Z coordinates describing the Earth's three dimensional shape. The term DEM is generic and includes two distinct products: Digital Terrain Models (DTM), describing the ground of the imaged area, and Digital Surface Models (DSM) describing the surface including the above ground objects elevation. DEMs may either be arranged regularly in a raster or in a random point cloud. These products have become a major component for an extensive number of remote sensing and environmental applications, such as mapping, orthoimage generation, virtual terrain reconstruction and visualization, simulations, civil engineering, land monitor‐ ing, forestry, flood planning, erosion control, agriculture, environmental planning, archaeol‐ ogy and others. Different techniques based on Earth imaging products belonging to different families are commonly used in order to obtain the elevation information. The most common techniques are based on Optical imagery, LiDAR (Light Radar) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). In this chapter the main focus will be on techniques exploiting Optical and SAR sensors: InSAR (Interferometric SAR) and Photogrammetry. The generic term DEM will be used, even if usually the data recorded with optical sensors refers to above ground objects (DSM), while the one obtained with SAR usually is a DSM/DTM composite. An overview and some results will be shown, outlining the main strengths and weaknesses of the approaches, thus leading to the fusion hypothesis in order to exploit the inter-platform complementarity and the intrinsic advantages of both techniques. Two different product levels (raster and point cloud) – on which the fusion approaches have to be built – are also proposed, as well as examples of such approaches.


A theoretical study of depletion interactions between pairs of small, globular colloids dispersed in a lyotropic nematic of hard, rodlike particles is presented. We find that both the strength and range of the interaction crucially depends on the configuration of the spheres relative to the nematic director, and on their size. The interaction is significantly stronger parallel than perpendicular to the director, explaining the emergence of stringlike aggregates observed in experiment.


To solve the problem of strong subjectivity and low credibility of complaints, a new detection model of false information in environment complaints based on graph convolution was proposed. Firstly, the text of environment complaint is preprocessed: then the word in the complaint text and lexicon are used as nodes, the edges between words are constructed by point mutual information, the edges between text and words are constructed by term frequency-inverse document frequency, and the edges between text and text are constructed by text similarity. The edges between words, text-word relationship and text-text relationship are used to construct the text graph of environmental complaint based on word co-occurrence, text-word relationship and text-text relationship; finally, the node information is passed between nodes through graph convolution, and the coupling between complaint information is used to detect complaint false information. Through designing experiments, the model is compared with the methods of common classification models, and the experimental results show that the model has good performance. It is suitable to be applied in the task of environment-based false complaint detection.


The drastic decrease of the incidence of Measles and Rubella at the stage of elimination of these infections is notified on the territory of North- Western Federal Region (NWFR) of Russia. At the same time the number of cases with the error clinical diagnosis of Measles and Rubella increased. The most frequent error is the infection caused by Parvovirus (PVI). The disease is of the independent particular medical and social significance for obstetrics, maternity and childhood protection, blood donation service, transplantation of organs/tissue etc. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of PVI on the territory of NWFR of Russia in different periods of 2009–2012 and 2015–2016. The data of the laboratory diagnosis of PVI for patients with exanthema were analyzed. Materials and methods. The serum specimens of patients with exanthema from bank of sera of St. Petersburg Subnational Measles/Rubella laboratory, collected in 2009–2012 (n = 495) and in 2015 (n = 336) as well as 69 sera of patients with exanthema from the "Infectious Disease Hospital N30" in St. Petersburg, collected in March-May, 2016 were studied. The specific IgM-PV B19 antibodies were determined by the «recomWELL Parvovirus B19 IgM» (MICROGEN GmbH, Germany) ELISA test-system. The presen ce of the specific IgM-PV B19 antibodies in sera of patients was the evidence of the acute PVI. Results. The obtained results demonstrated the prevalence of PVI on the territory of NWFR. In 2009–2012 as well as in 2015 years PVI was revealed on the overwhelming majority (9 of 11) of administrative territories of the NWFR. The essential predominance of PVI was determined in St. Petersburg and bordering territories of NWFR (Kaliningrad Oblast', Leningrad Oblast', Republic of Karelia). In 2010, 2011 and 2015 years the part of sera detected as IgM-PV B19 positive on an average was equal to 14%. Meanwhile in 2012 the part of the detected IgM-PV B19 positive sera was statistically higher (p < 0.05) and consisted 45.5% of those tested in St. Petersburg Subnational Measles/Rubella laboratory. According to the results obtained the epidemical increase of PVI incidence was observed on the territory of NWFR in 2012. Among the cases with the laboratory confirmed PVI (i.e. IgM-PV B19 positive sera) the part of cases with the error clinical diagnosis of Rubella consisted 56.2% in 2012 and 34.0% in 2015. Comparing the initial clinical diagnosis of patients from the "Infectious Di sease Hospital N 30" in St. Petersburg in March-May, 2016, with the results of IgM-PV B19 ELISA of sera we revealed that none of patients with the laboratory confirmed PVI had the initial clinical diagnosis PVI at the stage of hospitalization. Thus the results obtained evidence the prevalence of PVI on the territory of NWFR; clinical diagnosis of PVI turns to be the problem for clinicians; the differential diagnosis of PVI with Rubella is necessary and of extremely importance at the stage of elimination of Measles and Rubella in Russia.


As North America's oil and gas producers continue to successfully unlock energy resources, mostly by unconventional means, pipeline infrastructure capacity must grow to get their production to refineries and markets efficiently, economically, and safely. But, even aside from the inevitable legal thicket of permitting issues, new pipelines still take years and massive capital outlays to move from their first digital drawings through construction into commissioning and full operation.


Roller bearings are widely used in machinery. Keeping the contact surfaces of bearings properly lubricated strongly mitigates wear effects, improving bearing fatigue life. Therefore, systematically selecting the lubricant fluid that satisfies bearing operation conditions allows the lubricating layer to be able to carry the applied load, the operating temperature, and the roughness on contact. The nonlinear constrained optimization method is used for lubricant selection, seeking to find the fluid that best fits the bearing operation conditions. Roller bearing lubrication is characteristically elastohydrodynamic (EHL); namely, the Hertz theory describes the load applied on the contacts of a cylindrical roller bearing, and the Stribeck condition classifies the tribological condition of the surfaces in contact. This work concludes that roughness and speed are the most important parameters to consider when choosing a fluid lubricant.


List of tables, figures and activities Foreword Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Identity, discourse and Facebook 3. An online ethnography of Facebook discourse 4. Place and identity on Facebook 5. Time, age and identity on Facebook 6. Professional and educational identity on Facebook 7. Stance-taking and identity on Facebook 8. Privacy and identity on Facebook 9. Conclusion Appendix Glossary Notes References Index


Data for vitamin D in the National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference are being updated. High priority foods including fish and vitamin D fortified orange juice, breakfast cereals, milk, American cheese, and yogurt were sampled (n=446) according to a nationwide plan, to be analyzed by qualified laboratories. A lack of certified reference materials required development of control materials to ensure accurate measurements. Matrix‐specific food homogenates (e.g. salmon, orange juice) were prepared and analyzed by six laboratories experienced in determining Vitamin D. Initial results showed wide disparity among the laboratories (CV = 26–46%). Subsequent recovery studies, mass spectrometric analysis, verification of standards, optimization of extraction solvents resulted in reliable values. The three labs chosen for future analyses obtained statistically similar results. These data were used to assign mean values and tolerance limits for four of the control materials. Due to inconsistent data for salmon, further work is required to validate those results.


The current national and regional economical conjuncture in many countries, requires a sustainable management of different urban infrastructures, including road signs. From the set of possible solutions to improve the existing infrastructure's management, analysis and spatial representation, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have proved to be an essential tool for the functional competencies of local administration (municipalities), managers of municipal road networks. This study presents a framework of existing national regulations on road signs, as well as the shortcomings in the definition of methodologies for GIS-based management systems implementation. The paper continues with the critical assumptions considered in their definition and the municipalities specific competences needed for their implementation. A low-cost methodology is proposed and applied to a case study in a small Portuguese village: Belmonte. The results have shown the potential of these low-cost systems, revealing relevant time and economical gains, providing municipalities with fundamental information for the definition of realistic and well-founded strategic plans and budgets, and allowing better information to their citizens. The gathered information can help in inventory, inspections, maintenance and replacement allowing detailed reports and geo-referenced electronic database and maps of a municipality's road signs at reasonable costs. These maps and reports are the starting point to forecast the projected lifespan of the municipality's signage allowing more accurate project sign management budgets for future years. Aspects that need further development in order to improve the proposed system are also addressed.


On September 21,1999,an earthquake with magnitude M=7.3 occurred in the central area of Taiwan , in the earthquake more than 100,000 buildings were completely or partially destroyed. Even the buildings suffered slight structure damage , the non-structure were still serious. In this paper , the damage of window glass and door for a hotel located in the epicentral area are investigated after earthquake. The main purpose of this investigation is to understand the damage factors that worth to be learned by the architect or building designer. For the exit and door , followings are observed: (1) Lower story obtained higher damage than higher story. (2) Usually the damaged door seriously has surround brick wall with damage level higher than III or crack wider than 2.0mm. (3) Deformed steel doors are more difficult to opened than wooden doors. For the window , it is observed that most of damage are occurred at fixed window glass , and the window glass with slim-shape appears less damage than short-squat shape. Also , it is found that in this hotel almost all the glass with 3.0mm thickness are broken to piece , however only a very low percentage of 5.0mm reinforced glass are seriously damaged. During earthquake , besides the structural safety , non-structural safety must also be well considered by the building designer. The damages of window glass and door of this hotel provide a good lesson for practical design.


Microglia(MG)is recognized as the main immune effector in central nervous system injury and disease.MG can regulate the tumorigenesis and development of brain metastases tumor(BMT)by different ways.Studing the roles and mechanisms of MG in BMT will provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of BMT.

Key words:
Microglia; Brain neoplasms; Nitric oxide; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Endothelin-1


The legacy of space and time in geography influences the fundamental ways in which geographers analyze and understand the dynamic world. Starting with Kant's separation of space and time, geographers have traditionally considered space and time to be two orthogonal dimensions, while some geographers, such as Ullman (1974) and Massey (1999), have argued for the interdependence of the two. This book examines spatial and temporal concepts from a wide range of disciplines and offers a comprehensive look at the essence, implications, and implementation of space and time in geography. It contributes to the rich literature of time geography and sets a milestone in the development of geographic information science. The book consists of two parts, which collectively argue that cognitive understanding of space and time is critical to learning world knowledge and developing robust and versatile digital geographic representation. Part 1 (Chapters 1–8) covers theories of world knowledge representation, and Part 2 (Chapters 9–15) brings theoretical and conceptual syntheses of representation to digital design and implementation. After the introductory Chapter 1, Peuquet examines ancient and modern understanding of world knowledge about space and time. She seeks the most fundamental ideas of space and time from ancient Greek philosophy and American views. She searches scientific evidence from cognitive studies on how humans acquire, understand, and encode world knowledge. Her essays synthesize various means of acquiring knowledge through direct and indirect experiences. While cultural and cognitive differences may influence the way in which we transform observations to understanding, Peuquet cites studies to support the view that maps and languages are universal tools for encoding and communicating world knowledge. On the basis of extensive cognitive studies on learning and understanding, she concludes that the representation of space and time should be of multiple forms and levels, incorporate metaphors (schemata), and accommodate information needs for "what," "where," and "when" knowledge. Central to the book is the premise that digital representation of space and time is best informed by human cognition. Peuquet views the computer as a tool for storing information, a medium for communicating knowledge, and a means for solving geographic problems. In Part 2, she discusses the opportunities, limitations, and implementations of computer technologies on geographic information and visualization. Recent advances in data-acquisition technologies have made the environment data rich but information poor. The transformation challenges modern computer technologies to digest vast amounts of data for the production of information and the discovery of knowledge. Expanding on the need to meet the challenge, Peuquet evaluates conventional geographic information systems (GIS) data structures for storing geographic data, new perspectives for geographic representation in GIS, and current means of user interactions with databases. She briefly reviews the transition of flat files, hierarchical data models, network data models, and relational data models in database management systems (DBMS). She then relates the DBMS transition to vector and raster representations of geographic data in GIS. Her discussions cover object versus field views of reality and technical details of key vector and tessellation schemes. While developed separately, she argues that DBMS and GIS follow a broadly parallel development of data representations, mainly in response to practical needs and with #1423—ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY—VOL. 80 NO. 2—80205-yuan_br


Transition probabilities are evaluated for the 2s2p 3P1 to 2s2 1S0 transition in beryllium-like ions for Z=4-10 and Z=14, using configuration-interaction wavefunctions. The convergence of the results with respect to the basic set of orbitals is considered. The question of at what stage the Breit interaction should be included in the Hamiltonian is discussed.


The present experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of rearing water temperature in combination with or without hormone application on masculinization of newly hatched O. niloticus fry. Nile tilapia fry (0.025 g) were reared in three levels of temperature 25, 30 and 35°C and in each rearing temperature fry were fed diet with or without supplementation of 60 mg 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. O. niloticus fry fed diet without MT and reared at different water temperature 25, 30 and 35°C significantly increased the male ratio from 48.67 to 48.67 and 65.33% after one week; 48.67 to 64.00 and 72.67% after two weeks; 48.67 to 68.67 and 77.33% after three weeks and 48.67 to 80.67 and 84.00% after four weeks, respectively. While fry fed diet supplemented with MT with increasing rearing water temperature from 25 to 30 or 35 °C significantly increased male percentage from 58.00 to 84.67 and 86.00% after one week; 67.66 to 93.33 and 96.67% after two weeks; 79.00 to 97.33 and 98.67% after three weeks and 85.67 to 98.00 and 99.33% after four weeks. Mortality rate for O. niloticus fry reared at different water temperature 25, 30 and fed diet without MT significantly increased from 10.33 to 14.00 and 14.33% after one week; 10.33 to15.33 and 15.00% after two weeks; 10.33 to 15.33 and 15.17% after three weeks and 10.33 to 15.83 and 16.83% after four weeks. But, supplementation of O. niloticus feed diet supplemented with MT and increasing rearing water temperature from to 30 or 35°C significantly increased mortality rate from 14.67 and 14.00% after one week; 16.00 and 15.67% after two weeks; 15.33 and 15.67% after three weeks and 16.00 and 17.33% after four weeks of treatment. The highest fry body weight was recorded for fry group administrated with MT and reared at water temperature of 35°C and the opposite trend was observed with fry group reared at the lower temperature (25°C) and fed diet without MT.


Abstract In the thermal neutron–induced fission of 233U, the cumulative and independent yields of various fission products within the mass ranges of 77 to 109 and 123 to 155 have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The lower yields of 86Br and 136I than usual trend indicate the formation of delayed neutron emitters 87Br and 137I. From the cumulative yields, the post-neutron mass yield distribution was obtained after applying the charge distribution correction. The data from the present and earlier work of our laboratory in the 233U(nth,f) reaction were compared with similar data of 232,235U(nth,f) and 238U(n,f) reactions to examine the effect of mass difference of the fissioning systems on the fine structure of the mass yield distribution. The mass yield distribution in the 233U(nth,f) reaction was also compared with those of 229Th(nth,f), 241Pu(nth,f), and 245Cm(nth,f) reactions to examine the effect of charge and mass difference of the fissioning systems and also to examine the different behaviors of standard I and standard II asymmetric modes of fission.


Objective To establish the quality evaluation system for the roots of Codonopsis pilosula by using multipoint sampling and to analyze the quality differences in the roots of C.pilosula from different habitats.Methods To detect the total ash,acid-insoluble ash,and ethanol-soluble extracts;to detect the contents of lobetyolin and establish the HPLC fingerprint for the roots of C.pilosula from different habitats;to combine the indexes of total ash;acid-insoluble ash,ethanol solubility extract,and the content of lobetyolin with HPLC fingerprint to establish the quality evaluation system for the roots of C.pilosula,which was used to assess the quality for the roots of C.pilosula from different habitats.Results The detection results of ash and acid-insoluble ash indicated that these contents in most samples could meet the standard of Chinese Pharmacopeia 2010;There are significant differences among the contents of lobetyolin in different samples;HPLC fingerprint had nine common peaks and the correlation coefficient reached over 0.8;the quality evaluation system could be used to assess the quality for the roots of C.pilosula from different habitats.Conclusion The quality for the roots of C.pilosula from different habitats could be assessed and controlled by the quality evaluation system established by multipoint combined with fingerprints in this research.


The work seeks to ascertain the potential of austempering time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high carbon steel using epoxidized cotton seed oil bath. Five sets of high carbon steel (HCS) samples were heated to an austenitizing temperature of 830°C in the furnace, soaked at that temperature for 1 hour and quenched interruptedly at a temperature of 310°C in epoxidized cotton seed oil (ECO) bath for 15 – 75 minutes (at regular intervals of 15 minutes for different samples' sets). Subsequently, samples air-cooled at ambient temperature. Hounsfield tensometer, Indentec universal hardness tester and Izod impact tester were used to determine the mechanical properties of the austempered samples. From the outcome of the investigation, appreciable improvement was noted in tensile strength (1210 N/mm2), hardness (397 HBN) and impact strength (12.1 J/mm) of the austempered samples. Further, samples were subjected to metallographic sample preparation, succeeded by microstructural examination using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The structures observed to be majorly bainite. The austempering time of 15 minutes produced the outstanding combination of mechanical properties.


A permanent magnet coupling device for a cylindrical transmission shaft comprises at least a group of outer rotor drum assemblies and a group of inner rotor drum assemblies, at least a pair of outer rotor drum shaft coupling mechanisms adaptive to the outer rotor drums, at least a pair of inner rotor drum shaft coupling mechanisms adaptive to the inner rotor drums and corresponding input shaft couplings and output shaft couplings, wherein each group of outer rotor drum assemblies and each group of inner rotor drum assemblies are nested with each other and coupled by permanent magnet air gap magnetic fields; at least radial air gap magnetic field permanent magnet coupling assemblies or axial air gap magnetic field permanent magnet coupling assemblies are arranged and assembled on the adjacent corresponding positions of the outer rotor drums and the inner rotor drums; and the outer rotor drums and the inner rotor drums are coupled with the corresponding input shaft couplings or output shaft couplings by the corresponding adaptive rotor drum coupling mechanisms. The device has the characteristics of higher transmission efficiency, simple and reliable structure, convenient installation, resistance to severe environment, tolerance for shaft eccentricity, load isolation, reduction of vibration and noises, prolonging of equipment life, etc, and has the advantages of not damaging the motors and not affecting the safety of power grids.


It was the rough and early days of oil. Every week a well blew, every month someone was killed. This Thursday was Dovett's father's turn. The well blew sending fire into his plaid shirt that his mother, the serious-eyed girl, had ironed fresh that morning. Dovett's father had one thought, to go home to his mother so that she could douse his whole body in water ... When he arrived home he was singed to nothing and fell on the doorstep calling his mother to put the flames out. Brand, At the Full, 198 In works such as At the Full and Change of the Moon, Dionne Brand plays with the possibility of the phenomenal return of the repressed, with the repetitions of history that tell us that the past is not quite closed. Dovett's granddaughter Maya, for example, breaks the glass of the Amsterdam display window in which she earns her living; as she flees this frame, she thinks that her life is connected to the past by 'circumstances': 'her father falling into his grave or for that matter his father falling in flames at the doorstep. There was no way to know, really, which thing led to which, if there was a sequence' (224). Both Dovett and Maya experience crises within the limits of doors and windows, which suggests that the violence of their lives is connected, that it is somehow able to return of its own volition. In her theoretical and sometimes autobiographical meditation on memory, A Map to the Door of No Return, Brand forges links among memory, history, and haunting by returning to the image of the door. The door of no return acts as a metaphor for all of the forts through which African slaves passed as they were taken from the west coast of Africa. Brand conceptualizes this door as a paradox – both a horrific place where origin and history were forgotten and a site where forgetting engenders creative possibilities for diasporic Afro–North Americans. In her recent long poem Thirsty, Brand explores this paradoxical theme of the door of no return by using the doorway as a trope for the door of no return and its legacies. The doorways of Thirsty, like the door of no return, can be both limiting and enabling spaces. In the first half of this paper, I will argue that the door functions as a trope for fixed forms, such as slavery and capitalism, that limit our ability to understand how past and present experience interact. Like the disabling aspect of the door of no return, the sundering of memory and history, these


The real-time Fourier transformation (RTFT) has been previously proposed and demonstrated for a multitude of applications in the areas of optical communications, temporal signal processing, switching, filtering, time-division multiplexing, etc. Here, we present a technique for performing the RTFT simultaneously over all the channels of a multiwavelength (wavelength-division multiplexing) signal traveling in a single optical fiber. The technique only requires the reflection of the original signal in an appropriately designed structure of superimposed chirped fiber gratings. To demonstrate our proposal, we design a real-time optical spectrum analyzer operating on three different wavelength channels. The design is proved to function correctly by means of numerical simulations.


This paper studies on the dangerous edge that presents in the Mod-dejavoo algorithm.It points out that the location and the role of the dangerous edge,by comparing the control-flow graphs around the program changed,analysing the characteristics of Java.It also points out the dangerous edge does not occur uniquely.It proposes a method to find the location and quantity based on the Mod-dejavoo algorithm,which generates regression test set effectively.The research provides test set screening with a new method.


Based on the series data of deep ground water exploitation and dynamic groundwater monitoring in recent 40 years,using hydro-geology,groundwater dynamics and geo-statistical methods,the paper revealed the formation and evolution rule of deep groundwater depression funnel in Dezhou,identified and determined that the dominant factor to form the ground water depression funnel was artificial exploitation.The thesis established the model revealing relationship between variation of deep groundwater depression funnel with artificial exploitation and predicted the change trend of water table in central depression funnel and mean water table under different exploitation condition.The results can provide a solid foundation for making reasonable countermeasures of deep groundwater depression funnel in Dezhou.


In the present investigation, double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens manufactured using 3D printing (ALM) are investigated from an experimental point of view. The influence of the aspect ratio A/λ (A = amplitude, λ = wavelength) in the fracture toughness of non-conventional interfaces is analysed, specifically for trapezoidal profiles. The particular geometry of the interface herein considered corresponds to that with the greatest ratio A/λ using the current technical capabilities of ALM (Additive Layer Manufacturing) devices. In the first part of the investigation, a preliminary analysis comprising the assessment of the applicability of different materials, which are supported by the 3D printer (nailon and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer composites), are shown in the manufacturing section. This first part of the study is analysed from different points of view: from non-conventional interfaces manufacturing of different typologies (to determine the printer accuracy) to the actual specimen manufacturing. In the laboratory test section, the set-up of the test and specimens before the laboratory test are described. The fracture toughness of conventional and structured interfaces, in particular with trapezoidal profiles, are compared.


This guide contains recommended reference books, websites, and online databases—collections of scholarly journal articles and other resources—that support research in Film Studies.