JR East has been developing "Feeder line and storage battery hybrid train system" to decrease negative environmental impact by diesel trains that have been operated in non-electrified lines. The development of the battery charging system on ground that supplies electric power to the hybrid train has been tested since last year, and we decided the outline of the facilities. Construction of the battery charging facilities is scheduled this year and the charging test is also scheduled next year.


We study the electron density profiles and some electronic properties such as the gap Homo-Lumo, in a model molecular wire consisting of a simple linear crystal composed of identical atoms. The valence electrons move in a model potential constructed by combining atomic spherical potential energy boxes corresponding to each atom and the effect of some asymmetric crystal vibrations on the electron density distribution is also analyzed for these model molecular wires


In this work we will provide the results of an investigation into electron and hole mobility at high inversion charge density (6 to 8x1012 cm-2) in TiN/HfO2/SiOx/Si MOSFETs. We examine the influence of oxide charge on carrier mobility by using temperature bias stress to deliberately increase the density of oxide charge in the HfO2/SiOx gate stack. The temperature dependence of the electron mobility (50 K to 350 K) and hole mobility (218 K to 373 K) is determined before and after the various levels of oxide and interface degradation to allow an experimental determination of the Coulomb scattering term (alpha) as a function of temperature for various oxide charge levels. Based on the temperature dependant alpha determined for a 3nm HfO2 gate thickness n channel MOSFET, an empirical model has been developed which accurately predicts the measured electron mobility for the 2.4, 2.0 and 1.6nm HfO2 gate thicknesses.


The unbalanced bidding is frequently used in engineering bidding by the bidder to gain more profit. Based on the practice, several common strategies for the unbalanced bidding of highway engineering are provided. And for the sakes of the tender and the investor, tracing the unbalanced bidding to its source, discussion is made on the countermeasures


Based on the current situation and competitive layout of Fujian retail chain enterprises,the paper discusses the significance of reverse logistics management to Fujian retail chain enterprises and brings forth the approaches which are fit for the reverse logistics management of fujian retail chain enterprises.


According to dynamic stress testing of Unit 1~# turbine runner of Lijiaxia hydropower station,the dynamic stress and static stress of turbine runner are analyzed under different operation conditions such as:stress value levels,stress distributions,frequency characteristics of dynamic stress.The initiation causes of dynamic stress and its influence on turbine runner's life are also researched.The research results can provide guidance for deeper research on the turbine runner crack mechanics and the reliable high-performance operation of huge hydropower station.


The purpose of thesis is to create a graphical user interface for the FTP server vsftpd. The FTP protocol and its functions are presented for better understanding and the capabilities and configurational files of the vsftpd server as well. Before the application development, planning of the system architecture was performed and the functional and non-functional specifications were presented thorough. For managing the FTP server we created a Java server that accepts commands and responds via XML files. We developed a client in PHP for the user interface that generates commands based on the user input and sends them to the server. A stress test was performed to test the application aswell. The conclusion presents findings and ideas for the continued development of the application.


The present study merges the concepts of Packaging Engineering with the application of
factorial design and sensorial analysis in a real case of the manufacture of a product. This
is achieved through the investigation of he most important factors for the Packaging of a
milk Half and Half, obtained from different themes of the Packaging Engineering...


2013 Background: The EORTC/NCIC 22981/26981 study demonstrated a significant improvement in median overall survival (OS) from 12.1 to 14.6 months in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) who received concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide to standard post-operative radiotherapy (RT) (Stupp et al.). The current study was performed to determine if those results have translated into an OS benefit in a population-based cohort.

METHODS
Patients, ages 20 years and older, who had been diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2006 (follow-up through December, 2007) with a GBM in a brain or central nervous system site and who underwent surgical resection and post-operative RT were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 17 registries research database. Patients were grouped into three time periods for comparison: 2000-2001, 2002-2003, and 2005-2006 (which likely represented the group treated after the EORTC/NCIC trial initial presentation in 2004). OS was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox multivariable regression modeling was used to estimate proportional hazard ratios controlling for potential confounders, such as age, gender, race, extent of surgery, and SEER registry.

RESULTS
7,022 patients were selected with a median follow up of 13 months. Of the cohort, 79.3% received a gross total resection. The median and two year OS for the entire cohort for 2000-2006 was 13 months and 20%, respectively. Over the three time periods studied, there was a significant improvement in the median and 2 year OS of 12 months and 14% for 2000-2001, 13 months and 18% for 2002-2003, and 14 months and 25% for 2005-2006 (p < 0.0001). The estimated adjusted hazard ratio showed that patients diagnosed in 2005-2006 had significantly improved OS when compared to patients diagnosed in earlier time periods (HR = 0.651 95% CI: 0.606 -0.699).

CONCLUSIONS
The median and 2 year OS of 14 months and 25% in 2005-2006 was similar to the median and 2 year OS of 14.6 months and 26% seen in the EORTC/NCIC phase III study. These results are encouraging and suggest that the improved OS associated with the EORTC/NCIC regimen for GBM patients has successfully been translated to population-based settings.


Improvements in the performance of fish species used in aquaculture are being accomplished using a variety of approaches, including both traditional and molecular genetic methodologies. Historical gains in productivity have been achieved by domestication, selection, interspecific and interstrain crossbreeding, polyploidy, and synthesis of monosex populations. More recently, transgenesis has been explored as a technique to enhance growth rate and other performance characteristics. Domestication of species, without directed selection, can yield improvement in production characteristics. Domesticated strains of farmed fish usually grow faster than wild strains, and this effect can be achieved fairly rapidly: for example in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, domestication can improve the growth rate by approximately 2–6% per generation. In contrast, directed selection (mass selection) for body weight in fish has resulted in an up to 55% increase in body weight after four to ten generations of selection. In channel catfish, correlated responses to selection include higher dressing percentage, but a decreased ability to tolerate low concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Intraspecific crossbreeding can increase growth in channel catfish, common carp and salmonids, but crossbreeding does not always result in heterosis. Interspecific hybridization seldom results in overdominant performance in fish. However, one catfish hybrid, channel catfish female 3 blue catfish (I. furcatus) male, exhibits improved performance for several traits including growth, disease resistance, survival, tolerance of low dissolved oxygen, angling vulnerability, seinability, dressing and fillet %. Ploidy manipulation and sex-control technologies have also played an important role in enhancing production performance. Induction of triploidy does not improve performance in catfish hybrids, but in salmonids triploidy can enhance flesh quality by preventing sexual maturation, although growth rate is somewhat reduced


Linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) compensator control of transverse vibrations was implemented on an aluminum cantilevered beam in a "smart structure" paradigm. The beam was mounted with two self-sensing self-actuating piezoceramic patches. The Euler-Bernoulli beam equation was discretized via a Galerkin type approximation (referred to as the full-order model). To reduce the size of the resulting finite-dimensional approximating system, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) was employed as a reduced basis method. A reduction of dimension from 34 to 2 was obtained through the model reduction technique. Feedback control based on the reduced order system was implemented in real time using a dSpace DS1103 control system. Experimental results indicate that POD-based control achieves comparable control attenuation with full-order model-based control.


A model has been developed to predict the selectivity of polyion gels for one counterion over another of a different size. The model, essentially an extension of the Kagawa—Gregor model is based on purely electrostatic interactions between the gel and the counterions and takes into account their differing distances of closest approach. This model was tested against experimental data involving cross‐linked polymethacrylic acid with Li+, Me4N+, and Et4N+ ions exchanging for K+; it was found to predict these selectivities to a good degree of accuracy, particularly with the unhydrated quaternary ammonium ions. The model correctly predicts the variation of selectivity with counterion size ratio and also correctly predicts the variation of selectivity with counterion concentration ratio. Discrepancies between theory and experiment attributable to pressure—volume effects were also evaluated and remaining differences were ascribed to adsorption phenomena.


Plants use nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium as inorganic nitrogen (N) sources. These N compounds are included in plant tissues at various concentrations depending on the balance between their uptake and assimilation. Thus, the contents of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium are physiological indicators of plant N economy. Here, we describe a protocol for measurement of these inorganic N species in A. thaliana shoots or roots.


This study assesses the association of audiometric hearing loss and hearing aid use with dementia among community-dwelling older US Medicare beneficiaries.


The propagation of electrostatic waves is studied in plasma system con- sisting of pair-ions and stationary additional ions in presence of the Sagdeev potential (pseudopotential) as function of electrostatic potential (pseudoparticle). It is remarked that both compressive and rarefective solitary waves can be propagated in this plasma system. These electrostatic solitary waves, however, cannot be propagated if the density of stationary ions increases from one critical value or decreases from another when the temperature and the Mach number are fixed. Also, when pseudoparticle is affected with a little dissipation of energy, it is trapped in potential well and can oscillate. Oscillations generate shock wave in the media, and in the negative minimal point of the well it is possible to compute numerically the shock wavelength for the allowed values of the plasma parameters.


An overview of the software design, methods and data abstraction of the OptiLab framework is presented. The framework is
aimed at the advanced analysis and optimization of mathematical models of physical fields and also coupled problems. The algorithms of
the framework are implemented with respect to solution demands and huge data requirements. The paper presents a short description
of the framework, its basic concept and structure.


Objective:To study the effect of evidence-based nursing used in the teaching of nursing technique. Methods:A total of 125 nursing students were selected and randomly divided into experimental class with 63 students and normal class with 62 students. The former was taught with traditional teaching method,while the latter with evidence-based nursing method. Results:The practice test scores of the students in experimental class are significantly higher than the normal class(P0.01) . 90.32 percent of the students in experiments class take a positive attitude to evidence-based nursing teaching method Conclusions:Bringing evidence-based nursing into the teaching of nursing technique can improve the teaching effect.


To organize work in such a manner that it becomes meaningless, boring, stultifying, or nerve-racking for the worker would be little short of criminal; it would indicate a greater concern with goods than with people, an evil lack of compassion and a soul-destroying degree of attachment to the most primitive side of this worldly existence.
E. F. Schumacher, Small Is Beautiful: Economics as if People Mattered
And don't make the mistake of calling us resilient. To not have been destroyed, to not have given up, to have survived, is no badge of honor. Would you call an attempted murder victim resilient?
Tommy Orange, There There
(...)


Purpose Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma have been considered 'radioresistant' due to the fact that they do not respond to conventionally fractionated radiation therapy. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) provides high-dose radiation to a defined target volume and a limited number of studies have suggested the potential effectiveness of SRS in radioresistant histologies. We sought to determine the effectiveness of SRS for the treatment of patients with radioresistant brain metastases. Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective review of our institutional database to identify patients with RCC or melanoma brain metastases treated with SRS. Treatment response were determined in accordance with the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Results We identified 53 radioresistant brain metastases (28% RCC and 72% melanoma) treated in 18 patients. The mean target volume and coverage was 6.2 ± 9.5 mL and 95.5% ± 2.9%, respectively. The mean prescription dose was 20 ± 4.9 Gy. Forty lesions (75%) demonstrated a complete/partial response and 13 lesions (24%) with progressive/stable disease. Smaller target volume (p < 0.001), larger SRS dose (p < 0.001), and coverage (p = 0.008) were found to be positive predictors of complete response to SRS. Conclusion SRS is an effective management option with up to 75% response rate for radioresistant brain metastases. Tumor volume and radiation dose are predictors of response and can be used to guide the decision-making for patients with radioresistant brain metastases.


Because of the current increase in energy requirement, reduction in fossil fuels, and global warming, as well as pollution, a suitable and promising alternative to the non-renewable energy sources is proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Hence, the efficiency of the renewable energy source can be increased by extracting the precise values for each of the parameters of the renewable mathematical model. Various optimization algorithms have been proposed and developed in order to estimate the parameters of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In this manuscript, a novel hybrid algorithm, i.e., Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Puffer Fish (HPSOPF), based on the Particle Swarm Optimization and Puffer Fish algorithms, was proposed to estimate the proton exchange membrane fuel cell parameters. The two models were taken for the parameter estimation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, i.e., Ballard Mark V and Avista SR-12 model. Firstly, justification of the proposed algorithm was achieved by benchmarking it on 10 functions and then a comparison of the parameter estimation results obtained using the Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Puffer Fish algorithm was done with other meta-heuristic algorithms, i.e., Particle Swarm Optimization, Puffer Fish algorithm, Grey Wolf Optimization, Grey Wolf Optimization Cuckoo Search, and Particle Swarm Optimization Grey Wolf Optimization. The sum of the square error was used as an evaluation metric for the performance evaluation and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The results obtained show that the value of the sum of square error was smallest in the case of the proposed HPSOPF, while for the Ballard Mark V model it was 6.621 × 10−9 and for the Avista SR-12 model it was 5.65 × 10−8. To check the superiority and robustness of the proposed algorithm computation time, voltage–current (V–I) curve, power–current (P–I) curve, convergence curve, different operating temperature conditions, and different pressure results were obtained. From these results, it is concluded that the Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Puffer Fish algorithm had a better performance in comparison with the other compared algorithms. Furthermore, a non-parametric test, i.e., the Friedman Ranking Test, was performed and the results demonstrate that the efficiency and robustness of the proposed hybrid algorithm was superior.


BACKGROUND: The treatment of acetabular fractures has seen major advances in the field of orthopaedic traumatology. Conservative treatment of acetabular fractures leads to poor results. Newer diagnostic tools like the Computed Tomography (CT) scan help in analyzing the three dimensional disturbance in the normal anatomy and plan the surgical management accordingly. In recent years operative treatment has become the treatment of choice in the management of acetabular fractures as precise anatomical reduction with adequate internal fixation can be attained. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the functional outcome of operatively managed acetabular fractures, and assess the efficacy of operative fixation of acetabular fractures, and also study the complications of operative fixation of acetabular fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty five patients (49 male & six female) admitted to Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Trauma and Orthopaedics with acetabular fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation. All patients were evaluated with Matta et al score with a minimum of follow up of six months. RESULTS: There were 24 (43.6%) patients with bicolumnar fractures, 15(27.3%) had posterior column fractures, 10(18.1%) had posterior wall fractures, five (9.1%) had transverse fractures, and one (1.8%) patient had an anterior column fracture. Full weight bearing was attained in thirty five (63.6%) patients in 16 weeks and in twenty (36.4%) patients after 16 weeks. Forty five (81.8%) patients were free of complications. According to Matta et al score 27(49.1%) had excellent, 15(27.3%) had good, nine (16.4%) had fair, and four (7.3%) had poor results. CONCLUSION: Open reduction and internal fixation of acetabular fractures is a reliable technique, minimizes healing time and provides congruent joint reduction. Operative treatment of acetabular fractures results in predictable union and good clinical results with a low rate of complications.


Abstract In the current study, by using the mixed-ligand synthesis approach, two new Zn(II)-containing coordination polymers (CPs), namely, [Zn3(bpda)3(bib)2]·H2O (1), [Zn5(OH)2(H2O)2(bpda)4(bib)2]·2H2O (2), (H2bpda = biphenyl-2,4′-dicarboxylic acid, bib = 1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene) were solvothermally synthesized. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of the two compounds against the breast cancer was determined and the detailed mechanism was investigated. Firstly, the trans-well method assay was implemented for the determination of the compounds' inhibitory activity against the breast cancer migration ability. In addition to this, the real time RT-PCR was utilized to in-depth measure the signaling pathway of YAP relative expression level.


While the method of moments (MoM) is well suited for analyzing the thin, planar, patch-type of frequency selective surface (FSS) elements, the same cannot be said for arbitrary elements that have a finite thickness, and are inhomogeneous in nature. We employ a periodic version of the finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm to analyze the effect of thickness on the frequency response of an FSS. The method is general enough to handle arbitrary elements as well.


Following on the data, from the same group, which assigned a gene for respiratory atopy to chromosome 1 1q13, this study investigated the epidemiological observation that children of atopic mothers are at higher risk of atopy than those of atopic fathers. Data were evaluated by affected sib pair analysis. Although atopy free sibs showed the expected 50/50 distribution in allele inheritance at the llql3 locus, affected sibs showed a significant (p=0.001) deviation from random allele inheritance at this locus. Paternal alleles at this locus were randomly inherited by affected sib pairs and unaffected sibs alike. Having ruled out increased recombination in males at this chromosomal region, the authors feel that "the inheritance of atopy at this locus has occurred through the maternal line". Since the corresponding area of the murine genome is known to be imprinted, the article speculates on this as a possible explanation. While the excess sharing of maternal alleles among affected sibs is independent of the mothers' own atopic state, atopy is also seen in children of atopic fathers and non-atopic mothers, in which patient group 1 1q13 maternal and paternal alleles are randomly distributed. Given the independent observation that the risk of atopy is increased if both parents are atopic, this patient subgroup could possibly represent a genetically distinct form of atopy. The results await comparison with and corroboration by other patient datasets. Meanwhile their precise significance must remain uncertain. However, they do suggest that the earlier linkage reports in this patient cohort between respiratory atopy and chromosome llql3 were not misplaced, although confirmation by other researchers using other patient datasets has been slow to emerge. Finally, given the generality of 'atopy' as a descriptive term and as a clinical response, one wonders if the authors should not continually emphasise the predominantly respiratory nature of the symptomatology in this patient cohort.


. Based on the analysis of modern scientific sources, the article analyzes the place and role of psychological counseling in the rehabilitation process. Traditionally, psychotherapy, which has proven its effectiveness, plays the most important role in the rehabilitation process. Psychological counseling as a part of psychological rehabilitation has not been studied enough. Based on a thorough scientific analysis, it was determined that psychological counseling is the earliest link of psychological intervention and accompanies the rehabilitation process at each of its stages. Psychological counseling fulfills informational and motivational goals, is applied not only directly to the patient, but also to his family members and medical staff. The work indicates that psychological methods are a part of medical rehabilitation. Psychological rehabilitation involves the use of such forms of work as psychological diagnosis, psychological education and information, psychological counseling, psychological support and accompanying psychotherapy, group work. One of the main principles of the rehabilitation process is phasing, which assumes that the patient goes through the corresponding stages of rehabilitation sequentially: from the onset of the disease to its final consequence. Each of the stages provides its own tasks, methods and means for solving them. It is worth noting that psychological methods accompany the rehabilitation process at each of its stages: hospital and post-hospital. From the first days of rehabilitation, it is necessary to contribute to the maintenance of a positive psycho-emotional state of the patient: the patient must be sure of a favorable outcome of the disease, and in the absence of such a perspective, appropriate instruction of relatives is necessary. It is important to create comfortable conditions for the patient, which involves not only isolating the patient from negative information of a domestic nature, but also attentive treatment of the patient, where he will feel care from relatives, medical personnel, and employees from production activities.


Secondary cases of meningococcal disease among healthcare workers are rare and avoidable. In this report, we describe a secondary infection in a healthcare worker who did not have significant contact with respiratory secretions of the index case.


audience, social scientists in particular. Theoretical weakness is shown, for instance, in the editors' conception of a conceptual framework (pp. 16, 18), in the lack of definition of categories, such as "rural poor," and in the uncritical references to democracy and to development, the meanings of which in the present world context are now under debate. The use of the term "farmers" to designate what appear to be selected peasants in the Asian context (and, once selected, converted into "clients") seems to point at a rural development strategy which is not new. At present, the farmer-based development strategy through which some peasants may be transformed into farmers to compete effectively in the market is favored in the neoliberal agenda. The book does not discuss the possible consequences this strategy may bring to the rural social structure of the countries in which changes are being introduced, nor does it ask if these changes will foster the development of an agrarian bourgeoisie.


Abstract Rather than seeking to "reform" Islam, the West should consider ways to maximize the values of respect and inclusivity within Islam, without devaluing the faith by seeking to dilute its substance. Efforts toward that end include the Daniel Pearl Foundation, established by the Pearl family after the death of Daniel Pearl in 2002. The Foundation is dedicated to cross-cultural understanding, and has organized an event series with Daniel's father, Judea Pearl, and Dr. Akbar Ahmed, called "Daniel Pearl Dialogue for Muslim-Jewish Understanding." This interfaith program aims to create a model for respectful faith relations as a foundation for peace.


The present paper performs a numerical study of the influence of fluctuations on the temperature field over the thermal radiation field with the purpose to simulate the effect of Turbulence-Radiation Interactions (TRI). To evaluate the behaviour of the divergence of radiative heat flux for a flame in a cylindrical cavity, four temperature profiles are imposed: an average temperature profile and other three with 10%, 20% and 30% of turbulence intensity. The radiative transfer equation is solved using the discrete ordinates method (DOM) and the participating medium is treated as a gray gas. The results achieved demonstrate that the fluctuations of temperature profiles increase significantly the mean divergence of the radiative heat flux in comparison with the average temperature profile, reaching to approximately 20% for the profile with 30% of turbulence intensity.


This article analyzes Japan9s labor market reform in response to its protracted recession, focusing on the institutional configuration of policymaking. It argues that although the centralization of decision-making authority bypassed bureaucracy-led policymaking, policy coordination with coalition partners and political compromise with opposition parties prevented across-the-board labor market deregulation in Japan.


Causality-informed machine learning has been proposed as an avenue for achieving many of the goals of modern machine learning, from ensuring generalization under domain shifts to attaining fairness, robustness, and interpretability. A key component of causal machine learning is the inference of causal structures from observational data; in practice, this data may be incompletely observed. Prior work has demonstrated that adversarial perturbations of completely observed training data may be used to force the learning of inaccurate causal structural models (SCMs). However, when the data can be audited for correctness (e.g., it is cryptographically signed by its source), this adversarial mechanism is invalidated. This work introduces a novel attack methodology wherein the adversary deceptively omits a portion of the true training data to bias the learned causal structures in a desired manner (under strong signed sample input validation, this behavior seems to be the only strategy available to the adversary). Under this model, theoretically sound attack mechanisms are derived for the case of arbitrary SCMs, and a sample-efficient learning-based heuristic is given. Experimental validation of these approaches on real and synthetic data sets demonstrates the effectiveness of adversarial missingness attacks at deceiving popular causal structure learning algorithms.


was to evaluate the long-term refractive effect of Femto Lasic technology in the correction of moderate to high hyperopia associated with hypermetropic astigmatism. The study included 68 patients (68 eyes) aged 17 to 42 years (26.12±4.89), the ratio of women: men - 40%: 60%. Inclusion criteria: moderate to high hypermetropic refraction from 3.75 to 9.0 dptr (6.48 ±1.1) and hypermetropic astigmatism from 0.5 to 6.0 dptr (2.47±1.5). The Femto Lasic operation was performed according to the standard technology, where the first stage was the formation of a corneal flap using a VizuMax femtolaser using a fast mode (180 nJ, spot distance 4.5 µm), and the second stage was corneal ablation using a MEL 80 excimer laser. On the first day after the operation, in 54% of cases (37 eyes), myopic refraction from 0.25 to 3.0 dptr was obtained, in 29.8% (20 eyes), hyperopia was preserved in the range from +0.25 to +1.75 dptr, in 16.2% of cases (11 eyes), emmetropia was achieved. After 12 months, hypermetropic refraction from 0.5 to 4 dptr prevailed in 67.6% (46 eyes), myopia persisted in 21.6% (15 eyes) from 0.5 to 1.25 dptr, and emmetropia prevailed in 10.8% (7 eyes). Femto Lasik is highly effective in the correction of medium and high hyperopia associated with hypermetropic astigmatism.


Since it's born,the Communist Party of China(CPC) has been representing farmer benefit faithfully.In the process of formulating economic policy,the CPC always makes its best to maximize the benefit of farmer class.This can be drawn from the formulation,adjustment and cancellation in agriculture tax system made by CPC in different history conditions.This paper elaborates the transformation and execution of agriculture tax system before and after CPC totally reigned the China.The purpose of this study is to make up the theatrical vacancy in this field and provide benefit for studying the history of capital politics.


Temperature controlled heating of the graphite tube atomizer for flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy : with special application to the determination of trace metals in biological materials


Standard procedure for determination of A subgroups was established by agglutinability of red cells using Falcata japonica lectin besides the reaction with human anti-A, eel anti-H sera and Dolichos biflorus lectin. Family example of Aint which members demonstrate difference in A antigen strength of erythrocytes and in activity of serum A-enzyme was found by the standarized procedure.A2> and A3 red cells did not react with Dolichos biflorus while Falcata japonica agglutinated A2 red cells but not A3 red cells at a titier of 1 : 64. There are dispersions in agglutinability of A2 red cells with Falcata japonica. Weaker α-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity than that of A1 was demonstrated in Aint and A2 sera by the conversion of group O red cells into A active cells using papain treated cells as acceptor and anti-A immune serum for agglutinability test. A-transferase activity which converts O red cells into A active cells at the presence of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine was found in group B sera.


Islam in Azerbaijan is a multifaceted phenomenon which can be understood only in the context of a society in transition. One of the most important problems of Azerbaijani Islam is the relationship between Shi'ism and Sunnite Islam which is still dominated by an ecumenical and sometimes eclectic spirit. This situation is increasingly beleaguered by foreign missionaries on the one hand and put under pressure by the dynamic development of Azerbaijani society on the other hand. Nowadays Islam plays only a very limited role in the political sphere and only a small part of the population supports the idea of establishing an 'Islamic order'. This is due to the long tradition of secularism in Azerbaijan and to the fact that the strong nationalistic movement is secular in character and sometimes even fights together with the ruling elite against their rival, political Islam. But, on the longer run and if the political elite of Azerbaijan does not succeed in improving the disastrous standard of living of the vast majority of the people, the population may express its discontent through a politicized form of Islam.


In the field of multi-agent systems (MAS) the concept of game theory is widely in use ([15]; [23]; [30]). The initial aim of game theorists was to find principles of rational behavior. When an agent behaves rationally it "will act in order to achieve its goal and will not act in such a way as to prevent its goals from being achieved without good cause" [19]. In some situations it is rational to cooperate with other agents to achieve its goal. With the introduction of the "trembling hand" noise ([32]; [4]) a perfect strategy would take into account that agents occasionally do not perform the intended action. To learn, adapt, and evolve will be of a major interest for the agent. It became a major task for game theorists to describe the dynamical outcome of model games defined by strategies, payoffs, and adaptive mechanisms, rather than to prescribe solutions based on a priori reasoning. The crucial thing is what happens if the emphasis is on a conflict of interest among


This paper addresses an (online) parameter identification problem for a first order system affected by an unmeasured input with a priori known bounds. The study is motivated by an estimation problem arising in control of direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines. Several adaptation approaches are investigated and applied to the DISI engine example.


Sleep is such a complex and dynamic process and dream that it still is a scientific enigma. Over more than a century of research has established a wide range of dream-relevant theories, whereas, no one has yet reached an accurate conclusion about the function and meaning of dreams. So, in this project, I desire to review the relationship between sleep and dream and illustrate what is the function of sleep and dream. Firstly, is to state the specific processes of sleep. Humans undergo REM (Rapid Eye Movement) and NREM (non-rapid-eye-movement) during sleep. Additionally, there are various functions of REM, NREM sleep, and dreams which remain controversial. The third ambition of this project is to discuss whether dreams can act as a kind of therapy for mental disorders. And evaluate the effectiveness of lucid dreaming therapy (LDT) in patients suffering from mental disorders.


The exponential data generation embraces unstructured object storage systems as an effective solution to improve performance. Key-Value (KV) SSD object storage devices are unveiled to mitigate the shortcomings of traditional Key-Value stores on block devices, including device low-bandwidth utilization and KV-store resource-draining operations on the host CPU and block devices. Samsung KV-SSDs are built on top of NVMe over Fabric hardware, which supports storage remote access protocols (i.e., RDMA). Network Key-Value (NKV) is a software eco-system developed by Samsung that enables data distribution and storage disaggregation of KV-SSDs. Most widely used big data processing platforms, such as Hadoop, Presto, deploy Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) to take advantage of rapid data access by co-locating storage and compute nodes. The co-allocation of compute and storage node limits the scalability and utilization resources and thus increases the total cost of ownership. In this paper, we present a new storage disaggregation model for big data processing platforms. Our new system layout leverages resource disaggregation by separating compute infrastructure from storage infrastructure and utilizes the benefits of new evolving storage technology, i.e., KV-SSD, for large-scale data access and processing. The goal of this work is to facilitate independent scaling of storage and compute resources, and shift the data retrieval load from the hosts to storage nodes. We evaluate our designed architecture using TPC-DS benchmark. Our results show that the CPU load on compute nodes is non-negligibly released with sustaining the same performance compared to the conventional Hadoop with HDFS.


Advance biological wastewater treatment is performed in various ORP conditions including anaerobic, anoxic and oxic processes. For removal of specific industrial and petrochemical contaminants such as: aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX), the anaerobic treatment is recommended as the adequate alternative for their removal. Anaerobic treatment process is well known as an efficient method to degrade high strength wastewater. For investigations of the treatment processes in laboratory conditions, anoxic reactor of the 5 L volume working on the HRT value of 20 h as well as anaerobic reactor of the 2,5 L and the value of HRT 72 h and 144 h were used. The concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in municipal wastewater amounted to between 1.0 to 12.0 mg/L. A moderate negative influence of these compounds on COD removal in anoxic and anaerobic processes has been shown.


Since the beginning of Mars planet exploration, the characterization of carbon dioxide hypersonic flows to simulate a Mars spaceship atmosphere reentry conditions has been an important issue. We developed a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometer with new room-temperature operating DFB diode lasers to characterize the velocity, the temperature and the density of such flows. This instrument has been tested during two measurement campaign in a free piston tunnel cold hypersonic facility and in a high enthalpy arc jet wind tunnel. These tests also demonstrate the feasibility of fiber optics coupling with wind tunnel for integrated or local flow characterization with an optical probe.


Responsible research and innovation (RRI) is a concept that is currently being heavily promoted by research funders, led by the European Commission. Research undertaken in the next Framework Programme, Horizon 2020, is expected to be led by RRI which will be a cross-cutting theme of all European funded research. National funders (e.g. the Dutch NVO or British EPSRC) are similarly experimenting with RRI. One problem of this current discourse is that it is heavily weighted in favour of publicly funded research and innovation activities. It mostly neglects the important role that entrepreneurs outside of publicly funded research can play. This paper therefore explores the relationship of RRI and entrepreneurship in a technological environment. It does so by offering a comparison of an entrepreneur, a technology entrepreneur, an intrapreneur and a manager. It then moves to the description of the space of RRI which is constituted by the three axes of actors, activities and normative foundations. This space of RRI is then explored to locate possible roles of entrepreneurship. This provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research as well as policy interventions in an international context.


: Career development planning is a key issue in the development of university teachers, and it is also an important foundation for their success in the field of education and contributions to society. After investigating and analyzing some universities, it was found that university teachers face challenges such as a lack of incentive mechanisms, low sense of belonging, and lack of understanding of career planning. Over time, this can lead to instability in the teaching staff and insufficient personal potential development. The development of teachers in higher education is not only related to the survival and development of universities, but also closely related to the survival interests of teachers themselves. In order to change this situation, this article conducts a detailed analysis and proposes countermeasures: strengthening confidence in responding to teacher career development, establishing an effective teacher incentive mechanism in the university system, establishing an evaluation system beneficial to teacher career development, and establishing a lifelong learning awareness. The best positioning of a university teacher is to plan their career in a timely manner, utilize their strengths and knowledge, make contributions to the construction of socialist education with Chinese characteristics within their own abilities, and gain a sense of achievement and honor in the pursuit of teaching career.


The journal is going from strength to strength and the number of submissions increases each month. As editor I am becoming very busy replying to emails and sending out submissions for review on an almost daily basis. Research articles are now blind reviewed and it can be time-consuming finding suitable reviewers and ensuring prompt reviews are sent in, but also satisfying once an article reaches its final acceptance. I am extremely grateful to those members of the editorial board who have sent in very detailed and well-considered reviews. This issue language assessment research and The first evaluative case study, presents a new insight into the positive effects of reflective-focused assessment, which emphasizes the learners ' reflective outcomes and more reflective, self-regulated and provides a sense of individuality. The study is conducted with thirty participants through reflection-focused assessment and leaner-centered education as well as gathering qualitative data through interviews and observing available documents. The researchers find that reflective assessment, which provides evidence of knowledge, dispositions, and skills, can bring prospective results in an educational context.


This paper clarifies the hierarchical structure of the sharp constants for the discrete Sobolev inequality on a weighted complete graph. To this end, we introduce a generalized-graph Laplacian A
 =
 I
 −
 B
 on the graph, and investigate two types of discrete Sobolev inequalities. The sharp constants C
 0
 (
 N
 ;
 a
 )
 and C
 0
 (
 N
 )
 were calculated through the Green matrix G
 (
 a
 )
 =
 (
 A
 +
 a
 I
 )
 −
 1
 (
 0
 <
 a
 <
 ∞
 )
 and the pseudo-Green matrix G
 ∗
 =
 A
 †
 . The sharp constants are expressed in terms of the expansion coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of A. Based on this new discovery, we provide the first proof that each set of the sharp constants {
 C
 0
 (
 n
 ;
 a
 )
 }
 n
 =
 2
 N
 and {
 C
 0
 (
 n
 )
 }
 n
 =
 2
 N
 satisfies a certain hierarchical structure.


Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation, where actual hardware under text is coupled with a real-time digital model in closed loop, is a powerful tool for analyzing new methods of control for emerging distributed power systems. However, without careful design and compensation of the interface between the simulated and actual systems, PHIL simulations may exhibit instability and modeling inaccuracies. This paper addresses issues that arise in the PHIL simulation of a hardware battery inverter interfaced with a simulated distribution feeder. Both the stability and accuracy issues are modeled and characterized, and a methodology for design of PHIL interface compensation to ensure stability and accuracy is presented. The stability and accuracy of the resulting compensated PHIL simulation is then shown by experiment.


Tissue samples of liver (n=80) were examined from carcasses of camels of either sex, irrespective of age groups and breeds during post-mortem examination from July 2017 to June 2018. Out of these, 36 samples showed gross lesions were processed for subsequent histopathological examination. An overall incidence of liver lesions in camel recorded was and these 45 per cent (36 out of 80). Diverse pathological lesions in liver were abscess, cirrhosis, fatty changes, haemorrhages, haemosiderosis, hepatitis, hydatidosis, hydropic degeneration and necrosis showing occurrence as 2.50, 8.75, 5.00, 6.25, 1.25, 5.00, 5.00, 3.75 and 7.50 per cent, respectively. Cirrhosis (8.75 per cent) and haemosiderosis (1.25 per cent) were reported as the most prevalent and least prevalent pathological conditions, respectively, affecting liver of camels during the study period.


We report hybrid n‐ZnO/i‐InGaN/p‐GaN solar cells in which the n‐GaN layer of n‐GaN/i‐InGaN/p‐GaN solar cell was replaced with n‐type ZnO. In this study, inverted structures were used for hybrid ZnO/nitride solar cells where p‐type GaN was first grown on sapphire substrate, followed by i‐InGaN and n‐ZnO layers. The as‐fabricated device showed high series resistance and low energy conversion efficiency due to the formation of damaged p‐GaN region during dry etching. On the other hand, formation of microrods on the p‐GaN eased the removal of the damaged p‐GaN resulting in significantly lowered series resistance and enhanced energy conversion efficiency.


Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) films were prepared on the ITO coated glass plates in sol-gel dip-coating process and post-annealing at different temperatures. The structural properties of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is shown that the PZT ferroelectric thin films with (110) preferential orientation and well-crystallized perovskite structure can be obtained after annealing at 680°C for 30 minutes. The P-E hysteresis loops were measured by the Sawyer-Tower test system with a compensation resistor at room temperature. Values of the remanent polarization (Pr) and the coercive electric field (Ec) are 19.36•C/cm2 and 95 kV/cm, respectively, for the prepared PZT thin films. The relative dielectric constant er and the dissipation factor tg• of the PZT thin films are equal to 639 and 0.23, respectively, which were measured in a LCR meter.


Thalidomide (Thalomid) has been commercially available in the United States since October 1998. The use of thalidomide in the treatment of malignancies is growing as its potential utility for treating multiple myeloma, renal-cell cancer, and AIDS-


Understanding the effects of traditional livestock grazing abandonment on the ability of mountain grasslands to sustain multiple ecosystem functions (ecosystem multifunctionality; EMF) is crucial for implementing policies that promote grasslands conservation and the delivery of multiple ecosystem services. In this study, we evaluated the effect of short- and long-term transhumant sheep abandonment on EMF through a grazing exclusion experiment in a grassland of the Cantabrian Mountains range (NW Spain), where transhumant sheep flocks graze in summer. We considered four key ecosystem functions, derived from vegetation and soil functional indicators measured in the field: (A) biodiversity function, evaluated from total plant species evenness, diversity and richness indicators; (B) forage production function, evaluated from cover and richness of perennial and annual herbaceous species indicators; (C) carbon sequestration function, evaluated from woody species cover and soil organic carbon indicators; and (D) soil fertility function, evaluated from NH4+-N, NO3–-N, P and K content in the soil. The EMF index was calculated by integrating the four standardized ecosystem functions through an averaging approach. Based on linear mixed modeling we found that grazing exclusion induced significant shifts in the considered individual ecosystem functions and also on EMF. Long-term livestock exclusion significantly hindered biodiversity and forage production functions, but enhanced the carbon sequestration function. Conversely, the soil fertility function was negatively affected by both short- and long-term grazing exclusion. Altogether, grazing exclusion significantly decreased overall EMF, especially in long-term livestock exclusion areas, while the decline in EMF in short-term exclusions with respect to grazed areas was marginally significant. The results of this study support the sustainability of traditional transhumance livestock grazing for promoting the conservation of grasslands and their ecosystem function in mountain regions.


The purpose of this performed research was to establish the influence of the usage proportion of vegetal protein supplements on the microbiological quality indicators of compositions meant for filling in the manufacture of one semi-smoked salami assortment. Microbiological analyses were performed on fifteen composition samples manufactured in three technological variants (for each case was used one processing recipe): using the manufacture technology without protein supplements (recipe A); using the manufacture technology with 3% vegetal protein supplements (recipe B) and 5% vegetal protein supplements (recipe C), where one part of animal raw material (meat, bacon) had been replaced with vegetal protein supplements (recipe B and C). The results of microbiological exam highlighted the following aspects: the analysed samples are in accordance with O.M.S. 975/1998 requirements in the case of the following parameters: Salmonella /25 g (absent) and coagulazo-positive Staphylococcus/g (maximum 10); One can observe values over the maximum admitted by the same O.M.S. both in the case of sulphite-reducing Clostridium (100 maximum) and Bacillus cereus (10 maximum): the number of Bacillus cereus germs is over the admitted value only in the case of one manufactured batch from C recipe (20% from analysed samples), this may be explained by an easy contamination with this germ of the textured protein concentrate (there were no values exceeding the maximum admitted in the case of the samples from B recipe); there were no values exceeding the maximum admitted in the case of coliform bacteria /g product and Escherichia coli /g product (1000 for the number of coliform bacteria /g product, respective 100 for Escherichia coli /g product) that indicate a close observance of the hygiene norms through the technological operations until the filling operation; one can observe that in the case of the samples where the textured protein concentrate exceeded sulphite-reducing Clostridium and Bacilus cereus admitted values, these reverberated directly and mathematically in the composition meant for filling; in conclusion, the hygienic quality of the compositions is influenced both by the microbiological load of the protein supplements and the usage proportion in the manufacture technological recipes.


The invention provides a sensing system and a data processing method thereof. The sensing system comprises a sensor, a data acquisition module and a data processing module which are connected in turn, and is characterized in that: the data processing module is provided with a logical expression processing module; and the logical expression processing module processes sensor data acquired by the data acquisition module by adopting a logical expression. The data processing method comprises that: the sensing system senses environmental parameters by the sensor, acquires the parameter information of the sensor by the data acquisition module and transmits corresponding processing instructions according to processing rules by the data processing module. The data processing method is characterized in that: the sensor data acquired by the data acquisition module is processed in form of logical expression by the logical expression processing module.


No other document so clearly and dramatically illustrates the death throes of Roman
paganism in its struggle against Christianity than do three letters addressed to the young
Emperor Valentinian II in the year 384 AD. These letters are the third relatio (official
report) by the City Prefect of Rome, Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, and the reactions to its
contents contained in two letters (epp. 17 and 18) of the Bishop of Milan, (Saint) Ambrose,
addressed to that same Prince.


Bimetal-laminated sheet deep-drawing is much more complicated than single sheet due to its special combined technology and the differences between the mechanics characteristics of two component metals,and there are many effect factors on its deep-drawing property.Deep-drawing process of stainless-steel-aluminum sheet was simulated under different setting conditions and different thickness ratios of the two component metals based on the elastic-plastic code ANSYS software,and the influences of the setting condition and metal thickness ratio on the bimetal-laminated sheet deep-drawing property were discussed.The result shows that both appropriate blank-holder force and appropriate blank-holder gap can avoid wrinkling on bimetal-laminated sheet deep-drawing effectively,and the deep-drawing property of this kind of sheet is better when the thickness ratio of stainless-steel layer to aluminum layer is 3∶1.


Water stable isotopes (δ18O and δD) in Antarctic snow pits and ice cores are extensively applied in paleoclimate reconstruction. However, their interpretation varies over some climate change processes that can alter isotope signals after deposition, especially at sites with a low snow accumulation rate (<30 mm w.e. year−1). To investigate post-depositional effects during the archival processes of snow isotopes, we first analyzed δ18O and δD variations in summer precipitation, surface snow and snow pit samples collected at Dome A. Then, the effects of individual post-depositional processes were evaluated from the results of field experiments, spectral analysis and modeling simulations. It was found that the sublimation–condensation cycle and isotopic diffusion were likely the dominant processes that modified the δ18O at and under the snow–air interface, respectively. The sublimation–condensation cycle can cause no significant isotopic modification of δ18O from field experiments with ~3 cm snow. The diffusion process can significantly erase the original seasonal variation of δ18O driven by atmospheric temperature, leading to an apparent cycle of ~20 cm average wavelength present in the δ18O profile. Through the comparison with the artificial isotopic profile, the noise input from the diffusion process was the dominant component in the δ18O signal. Although some other processes (such as drifting, ventilation and metamorphism) were not fully considered, the quantitative understanding for the sublimation–condensation and diffusion processes will contribute to the paleoclimate construction using the ice core water isotope records at Dome A.


e12580Background: TILs have been proposed as a prognostic biomarker in many tumor types both in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant setting. In TNBC, TILs are present at the highest level and have been demonstrated to be associated with better prognosis. TNBC is a highly diverse group of cancers and subtyping is necessary to better identify patient-tailored therapies. Cluster analysis by gene expression identified 6 TNBC subtypes (2 basal-like, 1 immunomodulatory, 1 mesenchymal, 1 mesenchymal stem-like and 1 luminal androgen receptor) to be informative for patients' tailored therapy selection. Methods: We retrospectively collected 160 early stage TNBC consecutively treated at our Institution from 2006 to 2015. Data were obtained for clinico-pathological patients' characteristics. On IHC archive slides we analyzed stromal TILs scored as a continuous variable and androgen receptor's (AR) percentage and intensity of expression. We performed Cox analyses for DFS and for OS, and we used chi-square and Fisher test to ...


Currently, wireless video signal transmission systems are becoming more widespread, while the requirements for image quality and transmission distance are increasing. AHD-H and FULL HD video signal widths reach 25 … 28 MHz, while components of higher frequencies that may appear in the spectrum under the influence of external conditions must be filtered out before applying signal to the modulator. The article describes a fully differential fourth-order active low-pass filter constructed using two operational amplifiers. The upper cutoff frequency has tuning in the range of 25 … 40 MHz; the maximum output signal amplitude is rail-to-rail, with a total harmonic distortion of not more than 0.8%. Active filter developed in 65 nm process, current consumption is not more than 30 mA.


Situated in the historic centre of the city of Edinburgh, scenic Calton Hill, and the view from the Hill, has been subject to the gaze of painters and photographers. This article examines the drawn, painted and photographic panoramas associated with the site. In tracing the course of this imagery, the author defines the notion of the panoramic in terms of perspective (the wide field-of-view) and of history (the passage of time).


A-42-year old man presented with progressive difficulty in walking and climbing stairs for past 2 days, weak handgrip and inability to raise arms above shoulder level for the past 1 day. He developed intermittent choking on swallowing liquids since the morning of the day of admission. We discuss here Guillain Barre Syndrome as an acute immune mediated polyneuropathy.


The burst mode experiment is commonly used to measure non-linear piezoelectric material properties. However, the theory that is often employed is highly simplified, making use of linear results. Here we represent a more rigorous theory based closely on the underlying non-linear partial differential equations. Since time domain solutions are not available analytically, the approach is in two parts: the PDE is solved in the frequency domain, then an auxilliary non-linear ordinary differential equation is solved in the time domain. Comparison of the two yields the material parameters. Also, we suggest the excitation portion of the I(t) curve be studied rather than the decay part normally used since the former contains more features, has a well-defined initial condition (current and charge both zero) and is less susceptible to experimental artefacts.


AIM: To observe the effect of thymus protein oral solution in treating peptic ulcer. METHODS: Forty one patients with peptic ulcer who still had ulcer found by endoscope after 4 wk regular medical treatment were divided into two groups. The treatment group of 23 patients (M 15, F 8; age 40 a± s 10 a) was given regular treatment together with thymus oral protein solution and the control group of 18 patients (M 13, F 5; age 37 a±12 a) was treated together with 0.9 % sodium chloride solution. Two groups were reexamined by endoscope after the treatment for 4 wk and observed the cured rate of the ulcer. RESULTS: The cured rate in treatment group 74 %(17/23) was significantly higher than that of the control group 35 %(6/18)( P 0.01). CONCLUSION: Thymus protein oral solution can increase the cured rate of peptic ulcer.


Background: Myopia is one of the common Refractive Visual Errors (RVE) that produces musckeloskeltal complaines, such as stiffness, fatigue and muscular pain in the neck which in turn may affect cervical curvature and range of motion. Aim of Study: To investigate the relationship between refractive visual errors subjects and cervical curvature and cervical range of motion. Patients: Fifty participants 15-30 years old from Kasr Al-Aini Hospital in October 2016. They assigned in two equal groups refractive myopic and normal sighted). Methods: Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) was assessed by using O.B gonyometer, cervical angles (OC-C2 , C 1 -C2 , C2-C7) were measures by using corel draw program in X-ray. Results: Comparison between groups revealed no significant different in OC-C 1 and a significant different in C 1 -C2 and C2-C7, additionally there was a significant difference in flexion, extension, Rt. and Lt. rotation (p=0.007, 0.01, 0.0001, 0.001) between groups respectively, there was no significant correlation between right and left eye and cervical angles and range of ROM. Conclusion: Myopia causes changes in cervical curve and ROM but the degree of Myopia is not correlated to this changes of cervical curve and ROM.


Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the causal agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a pandemic responsible for approximately two million deaths each year. HIV remains a true world health concern despite progress in the field of antiviral therapy, mainly due to emerging drug resistant viruses. Thus, innovative methods are needed to facilitate the discovery of novel antivirals. Cell based assays utilizing retroviral technology allows for the stable expression of genes of interest in a wide range of eukaryotic cells. We have previously developed an assay where the HIV-1 PR is fused between the DNA-binding and transactivation domains of the Gal4 prototypic transcription factor. PR fused within Gal4 auto-catalytically cleaves itself, leaving behind two non-functional Gal4 domains. However, when inhibited, the fusion protein remains intact, retaining its function as a transcription factor. The intact Gal4-PR fusion activates expression of the green fluorescence reporter gene, which serves as a biosensor for PR activity. The assay was adapted to drug resistant PR variants in a multiplex format for flow cytometry. We exploited the power of genetic engineering to barcode individual cells with genes encoding fluorescent proteins through retroviral technology. Fluorescent genetic barcoding gives the cell an inherited characteristic that distinguishes it from its counterpart. We have shown the applicability of fluorescent barcoded multiplexing to cell-based assays that rely themselves on genetic barcoding, or on classical staining protocols. The multiplexed format enhances high throughput capabilities for screening of peptides and chemical compound libraries and serves as a platform for drug discovery against PRs of important human viral pathogens


The search for safe evacuation routes is an important issue to save flood victims so they can reach the evacuation centre. This research is a simulation of searching for safe and fast travel evacuation route that have 24 alternative routes. Every road that will be transverse has a limit with certain criteria. Calculate of the weight of the constraints using the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method, namely the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) andWeight Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) based on Fuzzy logic. The criteria of obstacle that qualitative for obscurity so that it makes sense fuzzy will provide supportive input for the MCDM problem. The Fuzzy AHP method is applied to calculate the weight of an application while the Fuzzy WASPAS (WASPAS-F)method is used to determine the safest alternative route. By using the Fuzzy AHP and WASPAS-F methods, a safe and fast pathway weights 0.662


Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of unsymmetrical extraction treatment of patients with severe deep overjet.Methods All patients were extracted maxillary first premolars and one mandibular central incisor and treated with straights wise appliance.At last we carried on the analysis and the summary through the contrast around the treatment and the review to the total treatment process.Results Total treatment time was 1.5 to 2.5 years.All extraction space was closed after the treatment.All patients achieved satisfactory treatment results,good occlusal relationship and soft tissue profile.Conclusion If we can pay attention to the treatment skill and process,flexibly choose the extraction method and make the private treatment objective,good results will be achieved.


It PROPOSED CONTROL DEVICE FOR HAVING MOTOR VEHICLE AT LEAST TWO ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER TO ACHIEVE AT LEAST THE SAME control function. STAGES have been provided for testing operability CONTROL DEVICE. EXECUTION OF THE STAGES OF MEASURE IS DISTRIBUTED BETWEEN AT LEAST TWO ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER, so that each computer element performs at least one of the measures TEST TO BE SUCH EXTENT OF TESTING MADE BY THE OTHER COMPUTER ELEMENT.


Honeynets have become an important tool for researchers and network operators. However, the lack of a unified honeynet data model has impeded their effectiveness, resulting in multiple unrelated data sources, each with its own proprietary access method and format. Moreover, the deployment and management of a honeynet is a timeconsuming activity and the interpretation of collected data is far from trivial. In this paper we propose HIVE (Honeynet Infrastructure in Virtualized Environment), a new highly scalable automated data collection and analysis architecture, which is built on top of proven FLOSS (Free, Libre and Open Source) solutions integrated and extended with new tools we developed. We use virtualization to ease honeypot management and deployment, combining both high-interaction and low-interaction sensors in a common infrastructure. We address the need for rapid comprehension and detailed data analysis by harnessing the power of a relational database system, which provides centralized storage and access to the collected data while ensuring its constant integrity. Finally, we present some techniques for the active monitoring of centralized botnets we integrated in our infrastructure.


Data mining is a lively process used in many leading technologies of this information era. Eclat growth is one of the best performance data mining algorithms. This work is indented to create a suave interface for Eclat growth algorithm to run in multi-core processor-based cloud computing environments. Recent improvements in processor manufacturing technology make it possible to create multi-core high performance Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Many cloud services are already providing accessibility to these high-power processor virtual machines. The process of blending these technologies with Eclat Growth is proposed here in the name of "Multi-core Processing Cloud Eclat Growth" (MPCEG) to achieve higher processing speeds without compromising the standard data mining metrics such as Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1-Score. New procedures for Cloud Parallel Processing, GPU Utilization, Annihilation of floating point arithmetic errors by fixed point replacement in GPUs and Hierarchical offloading aggregation are introduced in the construction process of proposed MPCEG


Public language,as a means to convey information in public,is closely related with our daily life and a factor to judge how the society is civilized.The paper attempted to understand the features of the public language in Zhoushan City by conducting a survey in the governmental organizations and public service industries with the purpose of standardizing public language,purifying the social atmosphere and establishing good social moral style.With Zhoushan as a case study,further efforts were made to explore the features of public language in medium-sized open cities in China and some suggestions were offered to standardize public language.


The minimum wage touches upon economic, political, sociological, psychological, and legal issues. The inherent interest of economists in the minimum wage is centered upon the classic query of cost-benefit; that is, does the benefit derived from the production of a particular employee justify the additional cost to the employer of the higher wage that an employee will be paid after an increase in the minimum wage (Brown, Gilroy, & Kohen, 1982)? Politically, fiscal liberals have historically been in favor of larger increases to the minimum wage while fiscal conservatives have opposed them (Levin-Waldman, 2001). Sociologically, the minimum wage has been considered a welfare program with the goal of improving the income of the lowest paid workers, workers who tend to be from disadvantaged groups such as minorities (Chaplin, 2003). Social psychologists have pointed to motivation theories when studying the effects of the minimum wage on welfare recipients (Page, Spetz, & Millar, 2002). The legal issues in minimum wage laws range from the power of the state to enact a minimum wage law and to the question of constitutionality of the federal minimum wage laws (Levin-Walden, 2001). The emphasis on increases to the minimum wage as a means of social welfare rests on the assumption that minimum wage employees are dependent on such government policies in order to obtain a wage increase (Even & Macpherson, 2004). The apparent paradox in wage mandates is that the government tells employers what to pay, but not who to hire. If an increase in the minimum wage results in fewer opportunities for employment for a particular group of people, the increase leads to application of the law of unintended consequences. The term unintended consequences refers to the "detrimental, unintended consequences of actions undertaken for what are intended to be noble purposes" (Shaffer, 2003, 5). The ability to predict outcomes is dependent upon awareness of all variables that could influence an event. With complex systems, however, complete knowledge of all such variables is always unobtainable. This means there will always be a discrepancy between that which is planned for and that which actually results. Three of the most significant pieces of legislation affecting individuals with disabilities are thought to have succumbed to the law of unintended consequences: First, studies have suggested that the "consequences of the employment provision of the ADA [Americans with Disabilities Act] has led to less employment of disabled workers" (DeLeire, 2000, p.21). Second, according to Oyer and Schaefer (2003), rather than increasing the hiring of women, minorities, and people with disabilities, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, has, in fact, had no effect on the hiring of women and people with disabilities, and has had "a mild negative effect on average black employment" (p. 44). Third, the Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 was touted as a means of rescuing the Social Security Administration from bankruptcy by providing a program that would return its beneficiaries to the workforce (Growick & Drew, 2003). According to Growick and Drew, the initial dismal results of the Ticket to Work program are related to three unintended consequences that diverted attention from the primary objectives of this program. The purpose of this examination of the employment of individuals with disabilities and minimum wage rates is not limited to increases in minimum wages as isolated events, but also to examine the employment of individuals with disabilities over time. Rehabilitation professionals should not only understand how disability affects employment opportunities; they must likewise understand the interaction between public policies, including the minimum wage and other laws that may unintentionally limit the employment opportunities for the very people whom the policies are meant to assist. …


The AdS/CFT correspondence is explored for ``partially massless'' fields in AdS space (which have fewer helicity states than a massive field but more than a conventional massless field). Such fields correspond in the boundary conformal field theory to fields obeying a certain conformally-invariant differential equation that has been described by Eastwood et al. The first descendant of such a field is a conformal field of negative norm. Hence, partially massless fields may make more physical sense in de Sitter as opposed to Anti de Sitter space.


Ferritins from horse spleen (Sigma Chemical Co.) and those obtained from turkey liver and dark and light muscles were separated by gel chromatography and SDS gel electrophoresis. The results indicated that the basic subunits of 20 000-22 000 Da are similar between the ferritins extracted from liver or turkey muscles. The amount of iron/ferritin molecules in muscles is very low, only approximately 5% of that in the liver. Dark and light muscles during storage at 4 degrees C released iron from ferritin. Ferritin extracted from turkey muscles stimulated muscle membrane lipid peroxidation. It seems that ferritin plays an important role in the process of muscle lipid peroxidation by being one of the main sources for "free" iron for this reaction.


Background: The adoption of 'evidence-based healthcare' requires that practitioners can identify and interpret findings from rigorous research with a view to introducing them into clinical practice. This, in turn, necessitates the prior acquisition of skills in information retrieval and critical appraisal. Aim: To examine how the systematic retrieval and subsequent appraisal of research might usefully inform clinical practice. Method: A community dietitian investigated the effect of vitamin C on the healing of pressure sores using skills acquired from a course on systematic reviews and critical appraisal. Results: A systematic search across a range of databases identified two randomized controlled trials which were critically appraised and a critical commentary produced. Conclusion: There is insubstantial evidence to support use of a daily vitamin C supplement for healing pressure sores. Over 20 years' treatment of pressure sores has been found to be based on a single flawed study.


In the global economy, the efficient use of resources in the building sector has become a central issue for sustainable development. Urban mining is an increasingly important area in constructing and demolishing of buildings. This article applies urban mining as a key approach for circular economy. In terms of material efficiency, the highest potential is seen in the use of concrete manufactured from recycled aggregates. The town hall building of the city of Korbach (Germany) has been dismantled and will be rebuilt with use of recycled materials from the old building. A recycling concrete (RC-scenario) is assessed from end of life (EoL) to gate within the life cycle assessment (LCA) boundaries, in comparison with conventional concrete i.e. a business as usual (BAU) scenario. The environmental assessment is done based on the product material, energy and water as well as the climate footprint. The product material footprint is determined in terms of Raw Material Input (RMI) and Total Material Requirement (TMR) and the product energy footprint in terms of Cumulated Energy Demand (CED) for non-renewable resources. The product water footprint is assessed by the Available Water Remaining (AWARE) method and the product climate footprint by values from the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The footprints are calculated using the software openLCA with the LCA database GaBi construction materials. The RC-scenario shows no significant savings in terms of product energy, water and climate footprint, whereas advantages could be clearly seen in terms of the product material footprint. The method and selected footprints have proven to be suitable for the environmental assessment of urban mining as an approach for circular economy with regard to SDG11 and SDG12.


What role do extra-legal factors play in whether defendants plead guilty to a criminal offense? In this study, we provide qualitative evidence that pretrial detention is a contributing factor in adjudication outcomes. Many of our subjects reported that the prospect of being held in unsanitary and unsafe jails was sufficient to induce their acceptance of a plea, even when they maintained their innocence. Others worried that being held pre-trial would have a negative impact on employment and family responsibilities, and so chose to plead. Our quantitative analyses bolster these self-reports: in a national sample, defendants held in custody pre-trial are significantly more likely to enter a guilty plea, all else equal. These findings have important implications for individual outcomes, but also for the accountability of the criminal justice system as a whole.


This thesis addresses an aspect of the problem of the over-representation of
Indigenous Australians in the criminal justice system in Victoria. A sociolinguistic examination is made of the process and practice of the Victorian Koori Court, to identify the extent that this court provides a more culturally appropriate justice process, leading to a more appropriate sentencing outcome for the Koori offender.


This study measured and analyzed the correlation coefficient between movements of thoracoabdominal tumors and external respiration in a free-breathing state, using cyberknife image guided radiotherapy(IGRT). This study subjects included a total of 30 patients with lung tumors(n=10), liver tumors(n=10) and pancreatic tumor(n=10) who underwent radiotherapy, and the movements of tumors were analyzed using converted log data of the tumor motion tracking system(MTS). In a free-breathing state, In relation to Peason's correlation coefficient between external respiration and lung tumors in the entire treatment process, the correlation coefficient was 0.646(p<0.05) in the cranio-caudal direction, 0.365(p<0.088) in the left and right direction and 0.196(p<0.115) in the antero-posterior direction. The correlation coefficient of liver tumors was 0.841(p<0.000) in the cranio-caudal direction, 0.346 (p<0.179) in the left and right direction and 0.691(p<0.001) in the antero-posterior direction. The correlation coefficient of Pancreatic tumors was 0.683(p<0.000) in the cranio-caudal direction, 0.397(p<0.006) in the left and right direction and 0.268(p<0.127) in the antero-posterior direction. In conclusion, the measurement findings of thoracoabdominal tumor movement using IGRT would be helpful in determining an accurate target volume. Moreover, the analysis of correlation between external respiration and movements of internal tumors would provide important information to correct movements of tumors for diverse radiotherapy techniques.


Among those 9–26 years of age, vaccination can prevent specific types of genital human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted infection and cause of cervical and other cancers. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with HPV vaccine initiation and completion among females surviving childhood cancer.


Abstract : The U.S. Army Engineer Division, Ohio River, is responsible for maintaining a navigable channel on the Ohio River during low-flow periods through the manipulation of the navigation dams on the river. In addition, during periods of flooding on the lower Ohio and lower Mississippi Rivers, the Ohio River Division directs the operation of Barkley and Kentucky Reservoirs on the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers, respectively. Flood control regulations by these reservoirs are met by controlling, to some degree, the Ohio River stage at Cairo, Illinois. A mathematical model, SOCHMJ, for unsteady-flow solutions in multi-junction systems has been modified to include the effect of five navigation dams on the Ohio River in addition to the effect of operations at Barkley and Kentucky Reservoirs. For economical applications of the model to the system extending from Louisville, Kentucky, on the Ohio River, Livermore, Kentucky, on the Green River, Mt. Carmel, Indiana, on the Wabash River, Barkley Dam on the Cumberland River, Kentucky Dam on the Tennessee River, and Cape Girardeau on the upper Mississippi River to Caruthersville on the lower Mississippi River, the model has been modified to accept two time steps. A large time step applies to large branches, whereas a smaller time step is used to step computations forward on small branches within the large time step. An initial calibration of the model to 1975 data has been completed with encouraging results. Similar results from an application using 1976 data with no additional calibration of the model are also presented. (Author)


According to theoretical analysis on the cause of signaljam in cable TV system ,this article proposes the problem solving methods in practical operation,in order to mak the signal output of the cable TV system more stable and the TV picture clearer.


We present a simple and reproducible method for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates by controlling wettability. A superhydrophilic SU-8 microstructured surface generated using O2 plasma treatment led to the formation of a monolayer of aggregated Ag nanoparticles with nanoscale gaps. The SERS substrate showed a highly sensitive and uniform SERS response.


The main pay of the block Lufeng 13-2 is a reservoir of medium porosity high permeability,and the exploration and appraisal wells drilled in the initial exploration period had skin factors of up to 50.By studying the geology of the reservoir and the types of the cement in the reservoir rocks,a new formate drill-in fluid containing recessive acids,was developed,based on the conception of dissolving and removing carbonate cement with recessive acids.The removing of most of the carbonate cement in the pore throats was observed in laboratory experiments such as dynamic displacing and static immersing.The effective radii of the pore throats were thus increased.Field application showed that an increase by 137% of fluid production was obtained.


Anopheles triannulatus is a small anopheline species belonging to subgenus Nyssorhynchus Blanchard, that was originally described by Neiva and Pinto (1922) from anomalous females captured at Fazenda S5o Jo5o, on the west bank of the Cuiab• River, in Central Brazil. It is commonly reported in anopheline surveys conducted both inside and outside forests in South America (Deane et al. 1948, Faran 1980, Faran & Linthicum 1981 ,Charlwood & Wilkes 1981, Lourenco-de-Oliveira et al. 1989, Rubio-Palis et al. 1992, Rubio-Palis 1994, Lourenqo-de-Oliveira & Luz 1996). It is widely distributed in South America East of the Andes including Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guyana, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru, and in Central America in Panama, Costa Rica and Nicaragua (Faran 1980, Faran & Linthicum 1981). Since the 1920s, but particularly after the 1940s, An. triannulatus has been considered to be a polymorphic species (Pinto 1939, Galv•o 1940, Galv•o & Lane 1941, Deane et al. 1947a,b, Forattini 1962, Faran 1980) or a complex of sibling species (Rosa-Freitas et al. 1998) because of morphological variations detected in adult and immature stages, especially in Brazil. The taxonomic status of the forms/varieties described as An. triannulatus 1.s. has


An organic light emitting device is provided. The device has a first electrode, a second electrode, and an emissive layer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The emissive layer includes an emissive material with an intrinsic emission spectrum having a peak emission wavelength in the visible spectrum less than 500 nm. The device includes a color saturation enhancement layer in direct contact with the first electrode. The color saturation enhancement layer consists essentially of one or more metals or conductive doped inorganic semiconductors, and has an index of refraction at least 0.2 different from that of the organic layers. The color saturation enhancement layer has a thickness of 1-10 nm. The reflectivity of the color saturation enhancement layer is in the range 5% to 30% for the peak wavelength in the intrinsic emission spectrum of the emissive material. Preferably, the color saturation enhancement layer is disposed between the first and second electrodes.


The purpose of this research is that those who are studying have a definite goal of gaining as much knowledge as possible and getting good results on exams, for those who are working, the goal is to work as best as possible to complete existing responsibilities and get good income from what they do. . The research method used is a qualitative method in the form of a literature study where the author presents and discusses overcoming PAK Learning Difficulties, and invites all of us to dedicate what we do in our daily lives just to glorify His name. The Lord God will see whether what we are doing glorifies His name or not. By teaching PAK so that more and more souls are saved.


The sustainable development of electronic control unit plays a vital role in the development of road vehicles. The proposing system concentrates on fuel savings, Universal Electronic Control unit, LabVIEW programming based Controller Area Network protocol, android mobile based user interface and Image processing based autonomous vehicle. Fuel savings is achieved with the help of ethanol blended fuel. Universal Electronic Control Unit can be fixed into any fuel based engine like battery, diesel, petrol etc. Before fixed into the system the operating modes of the Electronic Control Unit are programmed earlier. NI Data dashboard based control and NI vision acquisition software and vision assistant module based image processing employs the autonomous vehicle. Programming for the proposing system done in LabVIEW platform and cRIO-9022 is used as the main controller. The adaptability of the LabVIEW software allows up gradation of the program and hence, permits the user to customize the Universal Electronic Control Unit to ends needs. 25-30% of fuel consumption is reduced by the ethanol fumigation to protect the environment from pollution and is also implemented Controller Area Network operating with 250k baud rate at 533MHz clock frequency. Rate of NOx, CO emissions is also reduced because of ethanol fumigation.


The problem of how an oversampling of translations affects the bounds of an affine frame has been proposed by Chui and Shi. In particular, they proved that tightness is preserved if the oversampling factor is coprime with the dilation factor. In this paper we study, in the dyadic dilation case, oversampling of translation by factors which do not satisfy the above condition, and prove that tightness is preserved only in the case of affine frames generated by wavelets having frequency support with very particular properties.


Since the introduction of the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology System for Reporting Pancreaticobiliary Cytology, much experience has been gained and published concerning the utility of the diagnostic categories, malignancy risk of the categories and reproducibility of the system. This new information has resulted in modifications to the system which will become part of the World Health Organization (WHO) System for Reporting Pancreatic Cytology. Herein we report our experience with the system and information from the published literature.


Speech disorder after brain damages in aphasia – case study
Cranial-cerebral traumas are a serious sociomedical issue. Brain damages, caused by experienced
injury, often lead to various kinesthetic deficits, as well as to cognitive and language disorders.
Due to the damage of a nervous system, there are many deep speech disorders such as aphasia, mainly
senso-motorical type. The right evaluation of the appearing deficits, the right definition of therapeutical
objectives and implementing of the therapy can give brain trauma patients the chance to regain the
possibility to communicate.


BACKGROUND: Sinonasal polyposis is frequently encountered in rhinology practice and has a significant effect on the quality of life. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery with conventional instruments or powered tools is the modality of choice. The objective of our study was to compare the efficacy of microdebrider assisted endoscopic sinus surgery versus conventional instruments and to assess the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in both methods. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 50 patients with bilateral sinonasal polyposis of which 25 patients underwent conventional polypectomy and the rest 25 patients underwent microdebrider assisted endoscopic polypectomy. The study aimed at comparing the intraoperative (blood loss, duration of surgery) and post operative results (postoperative pain, symptoms, scarring, synechiae formation, polyp recurrence) and the data was statistically analysed. RESULTS: Paired t test was used for statistical analysis of the data obtained. The intraoperative mean blood loss and duration of surgery were significantly higher in the conventional group (p-value <0.001) as compared to microdebrider group. Postoperative pain in both groups were compared and was significantly higher in the conventional group (p-value<0.001). Scarring, synechiae formation and recurrence of polyps were significantly higher in the conventional group in our follow up period of 6 months, however results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Microdebrider assisted polypectomy is precise, relatively bloodless surgery, with cutting and suction in a single tool making the duration of surgery shorter with minimal trauma and thus offers better intraoperative and postoperative outcomes and better therapeutic results in comparison to endoscopic sinus surgery using conventional instruments.


This chapter discusses issues surrounding the pump laser diodes for broadband Raman amplifiers, which range from fundamentals to industry practices of Raman pump sources based on the so-called 14XX nm pump laser diodes. It also refers to design issues of wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) pumping for realizing a broad and flat Raman gain spectrum over the signal band. Section 5.1 introduces fundamentals of pump laser diodes. Section 5.2 refers to the principle and design issues of WDM pumping technique. Section 5.3 discusses details of pump laser diodes and their efficiently combining and depolarizing technologies. Section 5.4 describes practical Raman pump units.And Section 5.5 briefly touches upon ongoing issues on copumped Raman amplifiers and their pumping sources. This chapter is mainly devoted to a particular type of pump laser diodes called InGaAsP/InP GRIN-SCH strained layer MQW structure with BH structure, which is most widely used in the market.


The biological effects of organometals are of great concern because of their toxic effects. Organotin and -lead compounds are known to be highly neurotoxic but the molecular mechanisms by which such substances act are only poorly understood. We investigated the effects of five different organometals [trimethyllead (Me3Pb+), triethyllead (Et3Pb), triphenyllead (Ph3Pb), dibutyltin (But2Sn) and trimethyltin (Me3Sn)] on cytoskeletal structure as well as on cell cycle distribution and proliferation of cells in culture. Normal rat kidney cells (NRK) normally express so-called stress fibers of actin filaments. These fibers, visualized by rhodamine-phalloidin staining, were monomerized by all compounds in a concentration dependent manner. The influence on the cytoskeleton suggested that an alteration of cell cycle distribution and/or proliferation may be likely. However, not all tested compounds exerted an effect on these parameters. Whereas Me3Pb and Et3Pb blocked cell division of undifferentiated HL-60 cells leading to an increase in Gj/mitosis, Ph3Pb has not such an effect. Out of the tin compounds, only Me3Sn induced alterations on the cell cycle by increasing the cell number within G[-phase. The differences in the action of the organometals may be due to the very low concentrations that have to be used for long-term incubations during cell cycle investigations. I N T R O D U C T I O N Within the environment the heavy metals play an important role in toxic phenomena in man, animals and even plants. Lead is a widely distributed element, in both organic and inorganic forms. The alkylleads are especially important because they have been used as fuel additives since 1923. Although the use of leaded gasoline has decreased in North America and Western Europe, it is still in use in other parts of the world. The main applications of organic tin compounds are the production of Polyvinylchloride and polyurethane in the case of dialkyltins and the use as biocides in the case of trialkyltins. Organotin and -lead compounds are known to be highly neurotoxic, each producing distinct effects, but the biochemical mechanisms mediating this toxicity are still unclear. Our group· and others have reported that both organotin and -lead induce an immediate elevation of the cytosolic calcium concentration. After longer exposure, liberation of arachidonic acid can be detected, suggesting a calcium dependent stimulation of phospholipase A2. In various systems organolead caused disturbance of the mitotic spindle,' and in some studies polyploid cells could be detected. Zimmermann and coworkers" showed effects of triethyllead on the intermediate filaments, the neurofilaments and the microtubules. In human neutrophils, a decrease of F-actin content induced by organotin compounds has been found. Röderer and Doenges showed effects of trimethyllead on the in vitro assembling of microtubules from mammalian brain. Recently, we reported that HL-60 cells round up after exposure to organometals," suggesting that these compounds may directly or indirectly disrupt the cytoskeleton, which plays an important role in cellular functions such as division and migration. We were therefore interested in the influence of organometals on actin filaments, which contribute to the cytoskeleton, and on cell cycle progression, which can be disturbed by mitogenic and antimitogenic substances. M A T E R I A L S & M E T H O D S Chemicals All cell culture reagents and media were from Life Technologies (Eggenstein, FRG). Rhodamine-phalloidin was purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, USA). All organometals were obtained from Alfa, Johnson Matthey GmbH (Karlsruhe, FRG). Triethyllead was further purified according to Gelius. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) was obtained from Sigma (Deisenhofen, FRG).


Using Ce(NO3)3 ·6H2O and Ti(OC4H9)4 as reactants,the TiO2/CeO2 composite films on the surface of ITO glass were prepared by the sol–gel process.The samples were characterized by SEM,XRD,UV-Vis and FT-IR.The electrochemiluminescence(ECL) of the products was studied by the cyclic voltammetry(CV).The results show that the ECL property of the TiO2/CeO2 composite films has greatly been improved,compared with that of pure TiO2.


By the treatment of N-3-bromo-3-alkenylthioamides with sodium hydroxide in DMF-H2O in the presence of tetra-butylammonium bromide, series of 6-alkylidene-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine derivatives were prepared in moderate to good yields. The cyclization is supposed to proceed via both the intramolecular vinylic nucleophilic substitution and the elimination-addition mechanisms (formation of acetylenic intermediates) in a competitive manner.


This study aims to determine whether the quality of service has an influence on purchasing decisions for Honda Beat motorbikes at PT. Tunas Dwipa Matra Parepare Branch, where the truth is proven, Ha1 is accepted and Ho1 is rejected. and Product Quality has an influence on the Purchase Decision of Honda Vario motorbikes at PT. Tunas Dwipa Matra Branch of Parepare, where the truth is proven, Ha2 is accepted and Ho1 is rejected. As well as Service Quality and Product Quality jointly influence Purchase Decisions. This can be seen from the quality of service and product quality showing the calculated F value = 40.752 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05. So in this study, it can be stated that Service Quality and Product Quality have a joint and significant influence on Purchasing Decisions at PT. Parepare Branch of Dwipa Matra Branch.


Boosting the resilience of power systems is a core requirement of smart grids. In fact, resilience enhancement is crucial to all critical infrastructure systems. In this study, we review the current research on system resilience enhancement within and beyond smart grids. In addition, we elaborate on resilience de fi nition and resilience quanti fi cation and discuss several challenges and opportunities for system resilience enhancement. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the concept of resilience and develop a wide perspective on enhancing the system resilience for critical infrastructures.


This article examines how the introduction of a mix of state and market-based regulatory mechanisms representing formal and informal institutional elements, respectively, impacts disclosure level of director and executive remuneration in Australia. In doing so, our study steps beyond the simple state versus market dichotomy that the extant literature is primarily concerned with and proposes a symbiotic relationship between the two. The results of our study reveal that both state regulation and self-regulation as bundles of corporate governance can potentially join forces to ease agency conflicts. What is more, certain well-institutionalized organizational practices that guide agents toward self-regulation remain highly relevant and significant, even in the presence of pervasive state regulation. The synthesis of constructs borrowed from agency and institutional theories and its testing in an empirical setting of Australia verifies the significance of formal (state regulation) and informal (self-regulation) institutional aspects in addressing moral hazard agency conflicts. Our research provides insights for public policy makers as to how policies can be developed for good corporate governance. Particularly, in the context of current global economic crises, policy makers would be better off choosing those institutional mechanisms of corporate governance that complement the state regulation with self-regulation for the management and regulation of the modern global economy.


Islamic law is used in attempts to invalidate ordinary laws on the basis of an alleged repugnance to Islam. The 'repugnance' argument became a common issue in the late 1980s but it can in fact be traced back to the late 1960s. One of the first cases was Chaudhary Tanbir Ahmad Siddiky v. The Province of East Pakistan and others. The interpretation of statutory provisions in the light of Islamic law did indirectly lead to the creation of another gateway for the infusion of Islamic law into the legal system. The key to be turned to open the door to Islam was hidden in the formula 'justice, equity and good conscience'. A review of the case law indicates that it was mainly Justice Afzal Zullah who relied on principles of Islamic law in the interpretation of statutes or the 'filling of gaps' not covered by Pakistan's written law.Keywords: Afzal Zullah; Islamic law; Pakistan; residual law