Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate the association between ocular dominance and central corneal thickness (CCT) among normal eyes. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of a tertiary care center in Southern India. Subjects and Methods: Participants of the study included 87 outpatients and volunteers with bilateral nonpathological eyes. This study was performed according to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. To determine the dominant eye, hole-in-card test was utilized. Masked of the ocular dominance result, an independent observer measured CCT at the visual axis with specular microscopy (CEM-530, Nidek, Canada) by noncontact modality. Three readings were obtained from each eye. The right eye was first examined. Average of the three CCT readings was used for analysis. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical methods included paired t-test (for comparison of eyes within patient) and Chi-square test to assess the association between ocular dominance and CCT. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The 87 volunteers studied were aged 37.6 ± 14.8 years and 62.1% were female. CCT was 525.5 ± 28.4 μm in the right eye and 534.8 ± 29.8 μm in the left eye. Right eye was dominant in 63 (72.4%) patients. CCT in the dominant eye was 528.0 ± 29.5 μm and was significantly thinner (P < 0.001) than the nondominant eye (532.2 ± 29.3 μm). This was true in 69.0% of the patients. However, thinner cornea in a person was not indicative of a dominant eye (P = 0.535). Conclusions: As with other populations, right eye dominance was seen in South Indian population among nonpathological eyes. CCT is predominantly thinner in the dominant eye. Yet, this result cannot be applied to an individual by labeling the eye with thinner cornea as dominant with precision.


Successful implementation of any advanced computer system depends on its usage. Users--in this case, enginemen--will not be enticed to use advanced train control systems because these systems have sophisticated software structures and complex hardware configurations. Rather, they will use the systems only if useful information can be obtained through simple man-machine interface (MMI) procedures. Human factoring methods can be used to develop MMI and related displays for the locomotive on-board terminal and to promote safe, efficient, and reliable train operation.


Using the formalism of current algebra and PCAC (partially conserved axial-vector current) we calculate the amplitudes for emission of two neutral pions in pp yields K/sup +/K/sup -/ and in pp yields K/sup +/K/sup -/K/ sup +/ K/sup -/, and sup -/ pi /sup 0/ pi /sup 0/)/(pp yields /K/sup -/K/sup +/K/sup - ) pi /sup 0/ pi /sup 0/)/pp yields K/sup +/K/sup -/K/sup +/K/ sup -/) at various energies. (auth)


The use of EPON for network allocation is gradually becoming the main stream for broadband network. This technology makes full use of the features of optical network and passive optical splitter to reduce equipment costs, operation and maintenance costs for network operators and to provide faster and more stable broadband network for users. The article introduces the working principle of EPON, establishes EPON system based on OPNET technology, analyzes the current bandwidth allocation algorithm, and proposes improvement to the algorithm. Experimental emulation finds that the new algorithm can provide good QOS service and is greatly improved in the aspects of packet delay, average queue and bandwidth utilization rate.


The mantled variation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) involves a significant deficit in genome-wide methylation as well as the mis-expression of a variety of genes affecting both the in vitro-propagated material from which the palms originate and the adult regenerants (for a review see [1]). This reversible floral phenotype is morphologically similar to B-class MADS-box mutants: indeed, the abnormal flower displays an homeotic conversion of male floral organs into female ones [2]. In order to investigate the role of epigenetic processes in the transcriptional regulation of EgDEF1, the ortholog of APETALA3/DEFICIENS in the oil palm genome, we have studied the DNA methylation pattern of this gene concomitantly with its transcript production in the developing inflorescence. The exploration of the genomic region surrounding the gene led to the isolation of several retroelements which were also examined. Although our results do not point to a direct implication of DNA methylation in the regulation of the EgDEF1 gene, they raise exciting new questions about the possible mechanisms underlying the variant phenotype. (Texte integral)


The objective of this paper is to describe a technique for performing state machines using a ROM for the description of the next state logic and output logic, the block ROM is a functional block in a Xilinx FPGA, taking advantage of these are native to most programmable devices of this company.


Organic dyes are used for dyeing cotton, plastic, wool etc. The dye manufacturing and dyeing industries are releasing unused organic dyes as an effluent. Every year five billion tons of waste organic dyes are pumped into river, ocean and other water bodies. The dyes are stable and non – bio degradable. Many methods are adopted to remove the dyes from dye effluent. But, these methods are creating another environmental issue and also dye removal is not 100% successful. Identification of Human, animal and fish poisoning organic dyes are essential, to control their toxicity. In this present investigation, sardine fish is selected to identify the fish poisoning and non – poisoning organic dyes through adsorption method. The experimental conditions like contact time, temperature, dye concentration, fish powder dosage are optimized to find out the maximum toxic effect of organic dyes on fish. The poisoning effect has been evaluated by adsorption thermodynamics, kinetics and isotherms.


The present paper aims to stress the role that young people play as 'actual citizens', actively engaged in constructing the meaning-and-actions that define their own participation in the community. The case examined is the Chiampo Valley, in the North-East of Italy. This area is the most important tannery district in Europe and has serious problems concerning industrial waste management. By means of a questionnaire, we focus on the way 229 secondary school students perceive themselves as members of the local community, on what they see as being priorities in their own context, and on the contributions that they may make to addressing environmental issues. The results suggest that it is important for local institutions to give a voice to young people-as they themselves require-by developing participatory processes in institutional decision-making regarding environmental policies and-in general-the life of the community.


Between the 1850s and the early 1900s, most of the native forest of western Taranaki was systematically destroyed. This destruction likely accounted for the disappearance of bellbirds (Anthornis m. melanura), and other native birds, from most of that area. The return of bellbirds to New Plymouth in the 1920s may have been a direct result of increased food that had become available to them there. However, bellbirds have recently become rare visitors to New Plymouth. This may be the result of a possible reduction in the population of bellbirds in nearby Egmont National Park and/or increasing ambient temperatures in cooler months of the year. Medway, D.G. 2009. Why did bellbirds (Anthornis m. melanura) return to New Plymouth, and why have they gone again? Notornis 56(1): 34-39.


This project is based on the elaboration of a documentary with an observational and participative narrative style that will show the loneliness and the low state of mind that the older adult faces when being away from his family in an asylum. The objective of the documentary is to visualize this social reality, that is, opinions, anecdotes, testimonies and experiences of those involved, aimed at those who have a relative in an asylum and do not have the possibility of having them in their home to generate a habit of continuous visits to these places and in this way reduce the depressive and solitary state to which the older adult is submitted within these sites. The moments to be documented are all those natural events that take place within the asylum, capturing the reality that the elderly face every day. The documentary will be supported by relevant interviews of all those who are part of this universe within a nursing home that is: social worker, nurse, occupational therapist and patients (older adult). The project is aimed at an audience between 25 and 65 years old. The documentary aims to achieve the objective through closed shots that show the expressions and facial features at the time of an interview, open plans for samples of solitude and environment and a colorization with soft colors that goes hand in hand with the theme of the project.


Secondary electromagnetic reflection is a great challenge in the field of high conductivity electromagnetic interference (EMI) material due to the poor electromagnetic absorption ability. In this work, a multilayer stack strategy compositing of the absorption‐dominated thin films and the reflection‐dominated thick film is proposed to realize both high shielding effectiveness (SE) and low reflection. The film comprises 3D woven silver nanowire (AgNWs) networks embedded in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, and the shielding film thickness can be adjusted via controlling coating cycles. It can be found the three‐ply stack of two thin films and a thick film, (B:F)10(B:F)10(B:F)40, (B:F)5(B:F)10(B:F)40, and (B:F)5(B:F)5(B:F)40, can achieve EMI SEs up to 40.8, 40.7, and 36.3 dB, and the absorptions up to 0.59, 0.65, and 0.69, respectively. Results from verification investigation and theoretical simulation indicate that the multilayer can regulate the shielding mechanism of AgNWs‐based films from reflection‐dominated to absorption‐dominated, with no apparent deterioration of EMI SE. The synergistic effect of a multilayer stack is regarded to originate from a special "absorb‐absorb‐reflect‐absorb‐absorb" course. This finding suggests a promising approach to acquiring both high‐efficient and absorption‐dominated EMI shielding material.


Sharm El Sheikh (Sharm) in South Sinai, Egypt, is situated in an area of extreme aridity (annual rainfall between 20–50 mm/yr). It has been undergoing rapid development and attracts about one million tourists annually which results in an ever-increasing demand for water. The main source of water is desalinated seawater produced by two government-owned reverse osmosis (RO) plants, two centralised privately-owned RO plants and by about 50 decentralised small RO plants in hotels. The government-owned RO plants sell water to the local residents at a very low subsidized price while the two centralised private RO plants (owned by two different companies) charge commercial rates and raise prices considerably in the summer periods of high water demand. For all the plants, there are concerns over high energy consumption and the impact of brine discharge on the environment. Other sources of water in Sharm include tankers and pipes delivering groundwater from Al Tor (100 km distance) and treated domestic wastewater for landscape irrigation. The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) is not regulating and monitoring water management sufficiently. Increasing water shortages and price rises as well as environmental degradation would impact the tourism industry. This paper describes the current water resources management practices in Sharm, and outlines strategies which could be undertaken to improve the situation.


From the PersPective of the systemsaPProaeh,the urban eeonomie functions re-fer to the role Played by the eeonomy of theeity in its surrounding areas.Beeause of different geograPhieal loeations,historiealeonditions,the various roles and funetionsof the eities in the national economy,theeeonomie funetions of a eity may be of sin-gle


Sodium alginate (SALG) is a substance derived from brown seaweed that has been shown to reduce blood pressure (BP). However, its effects on renovascular hypertension caused by 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) are not yet clear. Previous research suggests that hypertensive rats have increased intestinal permeability, and that SALG improves the gut barrier in inflammatory bowel disease mouse models. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine whether the antihypertensive effects of SALG involve the intestinal barrier in 2K1C rats. Rats were fed either a 1.0% SALG diet or a control diet for six weeks after being subjected to 2K1C surgery or a sham operation. The systolic BP was measured weekly, and the mean arterial BP was measured at the end of the study. Intestinal samples were taken for analysis, and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels were measured. The results showed that BP in 2K1C rats was significantly higher than in SHAM rats when fed CTL, but not when fed SALG. The gut barrier in 2K1C rats was improved by SALG intake. Plasma LPS levels also differed depending on the animal model and diet. In conclusion, dietary SALG may alleviate 2K1C renovascular hypertension by altering the gut barrier.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants influencing low- and middle-income households in accepting the Islamic public-private housing co-operative model (IPHCM) as an alternative to contemporary affordable public housing models in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach
Using self-administrated questionnaires, data are collected from low- and middle-income households dwelling in Programme Perumahan Rakyat projects in Kuala Lumpur and the state of Selangor. The study used the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and used the partial least squares technique to examine the proposed hypothesised relationships.

Findings
The findings of this study suggest that subjective norm and perceived consumer religiosity is the most influential determinants affecting the behavioural intention of low- and middle-income households in accepting the IPHCM model. Attitude had a significantly positive relationship with households' behavioural intentions towards accepting the IPHCM model.

Practical implications
The findings of this study can serve as a guideline for policymakers to understand the behavioural intention of low- and middle-income households in accepting newly developed models in affordable public housing space.

Originality/value
Behavioural aspects regarding the acceptance of affordable public housing models in Malaysia have yet to be profoundly explored in the literature. This study has extended the TPB by incorporating perceived consumer religiosity, in the affordable public housing domain, to analyse its effects on households' acceptance of the IPHCM model.


Background: Endoscopic therapy is the mainstay in the treatment of esophageal strictures. Refractory strictures are difficult to treat with patients requiring frequent endoscopic therapy. Intralesional steroid injection combined with SG dilation has been reported to reduce the frequency of endoscopic dilation in such cases.Methods: Ten patients with benign esophageal strictures (corrosive 4, peptic 2, anastomotic 2, radiation-induced 2) were selected for this study. All of them had refractory esophageal stricture. They were being managed with intermittent endoscopic dilation by using Savary Gilliard dilators. All patients were treated by intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg in a 4-quadrant fashion after SG dilation and were followed up for a period of 1 years. At each session, SG dilation was done followed by 4 injections (4 quadrants) at the proximal margin of the stricture. The interval between dilations and frequency of dilations were calculated before and after triamcinolone injections. A periodic dilation index (PDI) (number of dilations per month) before and after the triamcinolone injections was calculated.Results: The PDI decreased significantly from 1.7 before injection to 0.6 after injection. This effect was seen irrespective of the etiology of the stricture involved.Conclusions: Intralesional triamcinolone therapy is a useful and effective therapy for symptom relief in benign refractory esophageal strictures.


We report on the discovery of an infrared cometary nebula around PSR J1549−4848 in our Spitzer survey of a few middle-aged radio pulsars. Following the discovery, multi-wavelength imaging and spectroscopic observations of the nebula were carried out. We detected the nebula in Spitzer Infrared Array Camera 8.0, Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer 24 and 70 μm imaging, and in Spitzer IRS 7.5–14.4 μm spectroscopic observations, and also in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer all-sky survey at 12 and 22 μm. These data were analyzed in detail, and we find that the nebula can be described with a standard bow shock shape, and that its spectrum contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and H2 emission features. However, it is not certain which object drives the nebula. We analyze the field stars and conclude that none of them can be the associated object because stars with a strong wind or mass ejection that usually produce bow shocks are much brighter than the field stars. The pulsar is approximately 15″ away from the region in which the associated object is expected to be located. In order to resolve the discrepancy, we suggest that a highly collimated wind could be emitted from the pulsar and produce the bow shock. X-ray imaging to detect the interaction of the wind with the ambient medium- and high-spatial resolution radio imaging to determine the proper motion of the pulsar should be carried out, which will help verify the association of the pulsar with the bow shock nebula.


This paper addresses the loss (if any) in radar target recognition performance if the features are extracted directly in the compressive domain compared to those extracted in the classical (Nyquist rate) domain. This study examines the impact of extracting wavelet features from compressively sampled signatures on recognition performance. Two other comparison schemes involve; 1) signal reconstruction after compressive sampling followed by wavelet decomposition, and 2) wavelet decomposition applied directly onto compressively sampled signatures using the compressive-domain equivalent discrete wavelet transform. These comparisons use real radar signatures collected in a compact range, and include various additive noise and azimuth ambiguity scenarios.


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) is the recently reported disease caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID19 spreads among population through the close/direct contact and nasal droplets when an infected person sneezes, coughs, talks or breaths. On an average, COVID19 infected patient develops clinical symptoms 5-6 days after the infection and some develops symptoms even after 14 days of infection. Detailed study on the symptoms shown by COVID19 patients can help in identifying individuals so that proper identification and isolation of patients can be done and transmission of virus can be reduced significantly. In this study, a total of 99 (66 males and 33 female) COVID19 infected symptomatic patients without any comorbidities were included. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were used for the collection of samples from the suspected patients to extract total RNA and perform real time PCR for the detection of genetic material for SARS-CoV-2. Samples with Ct value ≤ 36 in case of Orf1ab gene and E gene with good sigmoidal curve were reported as positive for novel SARS-CoV-2. Fever, shortness of breath, dry cough and cough with sputum production persisted for longer timer and were more common symptoms reported by the COVID19 infected patients. In conclusion, understanding of the clinical symptoms shown by COVID19 infected patients can help in identification and isolation of patients so that transmission of virus can be reduced significantly.


In allusion to the protein in silk,this paper optimizes hydrolysis conditions with orthogonal experimental design method;detects and analyzes the content of amino acid in silk protein hydrolysate with high performance liquid chromatography of OPA and FMOC-Cl online automatic precolumn derivatization and thus evaluates the content change of amino acid in silk protein hydrolysate under various hydrolysis conditions;obtains the hydrolysis condition most suitable for silk through comprehensive optimized analysis,i.e.4 mol/L hydrochloric acid hydrolysate and hydrolysis for 15 h at constant temperature 105 ℃.By comparing the results of amino acid analysis under the standard hydrolysis condition and optimized hydrolysis condition,we can see that,except histidine and isoleucine with a lower content,other amino acids have a content significantly higher than that after hydrolysis under the standard acid condition;the growing rate is between 5.88% and 73.13% and the total content of amino acid increases by 13.68%,which can reflect the amino acid content composition of silk more accurately.


In the context of the current international situation, the most important are issues of national selfdetermination and identity. One of the most important elements of the «national norm» expression is the national language and the factors that determine its development. In this context, the national language may be an essential tool, both domestic and foreign policies of the state (the instrument of soft power). This issue is particularly acute for the national political and cultural elite at the present stage. Theoretical approaches to the formation of values and ethical guidelines of the Russian society can be based, to a certain extent, on the fundamental postulates of the main currents of Russian philosophy of the XIX century, especially paying attention to the concept of the "Russian idea". It is important to understand that in this case the national language becomes a political tool in the global sense and objective may be part of the whole complex of state branding policy. The tactics of the national language promotion in an international environment (methods and forms) must be not aggressive in nature and create a pressure effect on the subconscious of citizens of that state for which this mechanism is provided. Image effect is achieved through the common moral and ethical attitudes, wearing ethnic, national determination by the country. On the other hand, the study of the impact on the public consciousness of a social system by means of the facts surrounding the use of the studied linguistic tools, allows you to view philosophy as a system of knowledge in the interdisciplinary field of application, vibrating between the different areas of social sciences.


Adding spatial penalty terms in fuzzy c-means (FCM) models is an important approach for reducing the noise effects in the process of image segmentation. Though these algorithms have improved the robustness to noises in a certain extent, they still have some shortcomings. First, they are usually very sensitive to the parameters which are supposed to be tuned according to noise intensities. Second, in the case of inhomogeneous noises, using a constant parameter for different image regions is obviously unreasonable and usually leads to an unideal segmentation result. For overcoming these drawbacks, a noise detecting-based adaptive FCM for image segmentation is proposed in this study. Two image filtering methods, playing the roles of denoising and maintaining detail information are utilised in the new algorithm. The parameters for balancing these two parts are computed by measuring the variance of grey-level values in each neighbourhood. Numerical experiments on both synthetic and real-world image data show that the new algorithm is effective and efficient.


The invention discloses a vibration-damping cutter bar used for deep hole processing of a long sleeve of a spinner. The vibration damping cutter bar comprises a cutter bar outer body, a cutter head holder and a cutter bar inner cavity mechanism. The cutter bar inner cavity mechanism consists of a vibration damping block, a sealing plate, elastic rubber and a cooling water pipe. The vibration damping block is arranged inside the cutter bar inner cavity, close to the cutter head holder, and is isolated from the cutter head holder through the sealing plate. The vibration damping cutter bar disclosed by the invention is reasonable in design and simple and compact in structure, and the excellent vibration damping performance of the vibration damping cutter bar well eliminates the vibration of the cutting tools and ensures the high precision of the deep hole processing of the long sleeve.


In Slaty-backed Gulls, Larus schistisagus, some males prey on seabird chicks and deliver these prey to their own broods. Females rarely prey on seabird chicks. Effects of this individual diet variation on reproductive success in relation to parental care behavior were studied on Teuri Island, Hokkaido. Pairs delivering more seabird chicks to their broods raised more fledglings. Their chicks grew faster than those of pairs delivering mostly fish, possibly because energy value of food-loads with seabird chicks was greater than those with fish or marine invertebrates. Timing of breeding, territory size and egg volume also affected reproductive success. The diet variation was not, however, related to these factors. Diet overlap between mates did not affect division of parental care between mates nor reproductive success directly. Males tending to prey on seabird chicks remained more on territory, probably because their food was easily accessible and they foraged more efficiently. This may explain why their mates attended less than other females without decreasing reproductive success.


According to the current motion-sensing technology,it presents the map browsing based on gesture recognition.Through the design and recognition of Microsoft Kinect gesture,and connection with browsing operation with OpenLayers platforms,the customized motions for map browsing operations have been achieved.


A large number of insect peptides have now been isolated which regulate key physiological events, such as lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, eclosion behaviour, diuresis, salivary yland secretion, and the biosynthesis of ecdysteroids, juvenile hormones and pheromones[ 1,2]. peptides have been identified using insect hindgut preparations to assay for myotropic and myoinhibitory peptides[3] Some of these are structurally related to vertebrate neuropeptides, for example, the leucosulfakinins. locustasulfakinin and drosulfakinins (peptides predicted from Ihsophiko cDNA) are related to the CCWgastrin family, and the locustatachykinins have structural features common with the mammalian tachykinin family The observation that peptide material exists in the synaptic neuropile and in nerve cells that lack the morphology of neurosecretory cells, suggests that some of the insect peptides isolated (or structurally related molecules) function locally within the CNS as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. The demonstration that locust synaptic membranes are enriched with neuropeptidedegrading enzymes (aminopeptidase and endopeptidase) provides further evidence in support of a central function for neuropeptides in insects[4,5 1. The insect endopeptidase has similar properties to those of mammalian endopeptidase 24: 1 1 (enkephalinase) [7]. It is a neutral metalloendopeptidase, is inhibited by phosphoramidon (ICso, 0.3pM) and can hydrolyse peptide bonds comprising the amino group of phenylalanine. In our studies on the neuronal endopeptidase from insects we have used [Zl-Ala2,Leu5]enkephalin as a substrate to characterise the enzyme from heads of the housefly Mmcu Jomesticcr. Head membranes were prepared as described previously [4]. Incubation of [D-Ala2,LeuS]enkephalin with the membranes at neutral pH gave rise to a number of metabolites including Tyr-/)Ala-Gly and Phe-Leu (Fig. la). The appearance of both fragments was only partially inhibited (40%) by 10 pM-phosphoramidon indicating the possible involvement of at least two peptidases. [D-Ala2.LeuS]enkephalin is widely used as a substrate for mammalian endopeptidase but is also susceptible to hydrolysis at the Gly-Phe bond by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)[7]. The possibility that an ACE-like enzyme was present in the insect membranes was investigated by looking at the effect of captopril on [l)-Ala2,LeuS]enkephalin breakdown. Captopril(10 pM) reduced the Tyr-D-Ala-Gly peak by 50% and a mixture of 10 pM-captopril and 10 pM-phosphoramidon resulted in over 90% inhibition of the hydrolysis of the Gly3-Phe4 bond (Fig. I b) We then used an ACE substrate (Hip-His-Leu), to assay for the putative peptidyldipeptidase activity of the insect membranes using h p.l.c. to quantify the release of hippurate[6]. The insect ACE-like activity was inhibited by the chelators, EDTA (ImM) and 1,IO-phenanthroline ( I mM), and activated by ZnCI2. Maximal activity was obtained at pH 8.2 when Tris buffers were used in the assay. The peptidyldipeptidase activity was inhibited by captopril in a dose dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.411 M. In conclusion, we have identified a peptidyldipeptidase associated with membranes prepared from heads of the housefly, which displays properties similar to those of mammalian ACE To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the In addition, families of n


More complex activities, financial reporting, and risk aggregation of banking groups increase the relevance of research on their financial stability. The purpose of our study is to analyze the effectiveness of banking groups' regulation in the Russian Federation and to develop proposals for its optimization. The scientific novelty includes the identification and proof of the hypothesis of the dependence of the banking groups' financial stability on the level of the group control, as well as measures to improve the regulation of activities and financial stability of banking groups in Russia. The research methodology is based on a linear model on panel data (fixed effects models, random effects models, and pool models). The empirical base of the study includes data on the 26 largest Russian banking groups and parent credit institutions of banking groups from 2010 to 2020. A hypothesis was put forward that the financial stability of the banking group depends on the effectiveness of the regulatory control within the group. To confirm the hypothesis, the authors assessed the financial stability of banking groups using the Zscore, while the banking groups were divided into two pools depending on the level of regulatory control. As a result, this hypothesis was confirmed. For banking groups with a high level of regulatory control, a model of financial stability and the factors that have the greatest impact on it were identified. The authors suggested the following measures to improve the regulation and financial reporting of the banking groups: 1) to expand the regulatory consolidation of the reporting of banking groups to the level of accounting, which will create the basis for a complete risk assessment; 2) to clearly define approaches to formalizing the assessment and management of the forced financial support risks for the group companies; 3) to unify the disclosure by banking groups of information about risks, methods for their assessment and management, including the relationship with the business model of activity. These measures are aimed at improving the risk management of credit institutions.


In this paper we introduce the satellite communication system which consists of redundant central station with management module to increase the stability of the satellite link. Configuration of redundant central station in satellite communication system can minimize the service interruption due to unstable link or some module error. According to this, we expect to ensure efficient use of technology for the next-generation VSAT services and broadcasting services.


In an iterative scheme of identiication and model based control design, compatible criteria in both the identiication and the control design are a prerequisite during the iterations involved, in order to ensure performance improvement of the unknown plant to be controlled. In case of H 1-norm based control design paradigms this unleashes the need for an alternative identiication criterion other than the classical (weighted) H 2-norm based criteria that are being used frequently. This report presents a procedure for performing a control relevant and approximate identiication of a possibly unstable and feedback controlled plant by using an H 1-norm based identiication criterion. A uniied approach to handle both stable and unstable plants is obtained by estimating a stable factorization of the plant, based on noisy frequency domain data obtained from closed loop experiments. It will be shown that the H 1-norm based criterion can be handled by the parametrization of all stable factorizations of a certain McMillan degree, and a certain non{linear constrained minimization. The procedure is illustrated by an example.


The dynamics of a semiconductor laser with delayed feedback are investigated on the basis of single-mode rate equations with retarded argument. Spontaneous emission in lasing mode, limited bandwidth of optoelectronic feedback and the presence of an impurity with saturable absorption are also taken into account. The existence of a hierarchy of multistable periodic attractors with different structures (slowly and rapidly oscillating ones) are found. Complex temporal structures: metastable chaotic regimes, quasiperiodic regimes and intermittency are obtained as a result of different bifurcations of multidimensional maps.


Multifunctional grid-tied inverters (MFGTIs) have been paid much attention to handle the commonly concerned power quality issues of the microgrids. An MFGTI can not only interface the renewable energy resource into the utility grid, but also can compensate the harmonic and reactive current in the microgrid as an auxiliary service. However, the apparent capacity of an MFGTI for power quality compensation is limited. Therefore, how to enhance the power quality of the microgrid by optimal utilization of the limited and valuable capacity becomes a technical challenge. In this paper, two optimal control objectives of MFGTIs are presented based on a comprehensive power quality evaluation algorithm by means of analytic hierarchy process theory. One objective aims to obtain the expected power quality using minimal apparent capacity of the MFGTI. Another objective focuses on enhancing the power quality as well as possible in the given available apparent capacity condition. The two proposed strategies are compared in performance, and the paper also discusses how to use them in practice for the best performance. Experimental results performed on a microgrid in the laboratory confirm the validation and feasibility of the proposed optimal control strategies.


To improve the prediction performance of partial least square regression algorithm (PLS), the consensus strategy was applied to develop the multivariate regression model using near-infrared (NIR) spectra and named as C-PLS. Coupled with the consensus strategy, this algorithm can take the advantage of reducing dependence on single model to obtain prediction precision and stability by randomly changing the calibration set. Through an optimization of the parameters involved in the model including criterion threshold and number of sub-models, a successful model was achieved by effectively combining many sub-models with different accuracy and diversity together. To validate the C-PLS algorithm, it was applied to measure the original extract concentration of beer using NIR spectra. The experimental results showed that the prediction ability and robustness of model obtained in subsequent partial least squares calibration using consensus strategy was superior to that obtained using conventional PLS algorithm, and the root mean square error of prediction can improve by up to 45.2%, indicating that it is an efficient tool for NIR spectra regression.


Blind separation is an information theoretic problem , and we have proposed an information theoretic 'sigmoid-based' solution [2]. Here we elaborate on several aspects of that solution. Firstly, we argue that the separation matrix may be exactly found by maximis-ing the joint entropy of the random vector resulting from a linear transformation of the mixtures followed by sigmoidal non-linearities which are the cumulative density functions of the 'unknown' sources. Secondly, we present the learning rule for performing this max-imisation. Thirdly, we discuss the role of prior knowledge of the c.d.f.'s of the sources in customising the learning rule. We argue that sigmoid-based methods are better able to make use of this prior knowledge than cumulant-based methods, because the optimal non-linearity they should use is just an estimate of the source c.d.f. We also suggest that they may have the edge in terms of robustness and speed of convergence. Improvements in convergence speed have been facilitated by the introduction of pre-whitening of the mixture data. An example result demonstrating this is the perfect separation of ten artificially mixed audio signals in 10 seconds of workstation computing time (4 to prewhiten and 6 to separate). Statistically independent sources propagating in a medium are subject to several forms of distortion and interference. They may be (1) mixed with other sources (2) mixed with time delayed versions of themselves , and (3) time-delayed. The mixing may be linear or non-linear. The inversion of these three forms of scrambling without any knowledge of their form may be called blznd szgnal processzng, or blznd zdentzficatzon. When the mixing is linear, we usually refer to (1) as the problem of blind separation [4], (2) as the problem of blind deconvolution, and (3) as the problem of blind time alignment. These problems are znformation theoretzc problems in the sense that we are dealing with the removal of statistical dependencies introduced by the medium, and the correct measure of statistical dependency is mutual information (see below). In the most general information theoretic formalism, no special status is given to noise introduced by the medium or the sensors. It is regarded as another 'source' to be separated out. It cannot be assumed to be characterised only by second-order statistics (gaussian). In fact, if we are lucky (and we usually are), it will not be gaussian, for it is the higher-order statistics which characterise a signal as independent and enable it …


PURPOSE: A method for lubricating one or more blade pitch bearings of a wind turbine is provided to prevent an insufficient lubrication state of each bearing by changing pitch angles of one or more rotor blades. CONSTITUTION: A method for lubricating one or more blade pitch bearings of a wind turbine(1) is as follows. The electric capacity or resistance of blade pitch bearings is measured. Lubrication states of blade pitch bearings are determined by a lubrication sensing device(7), which generates lubrication information signals. If the lubrication information signals indicate an insufficient lubrication state, a rotor blade is operated to lubricate the blade pitch bearings.


The biomedical elasticity micron wood fiber light density materials(BEWM for short) is introduced. BEWM belongs to a branch of medical material for biology and as a new kind of lignin material mainly applied in medicine and other aspects which have direct contact with the human, it has great space of application and popularization in future medicine, automobile and airplane industries that are closely related to humans. BEWM is characterized by plasticity, toughness, elasticity, permeability, absorbability and permeability, lightness and softness. At present, lumber is the cheapest and most practical biomedical elasticity light density material. It should be the natural parent metal of BEWM, and because of its absorbability and permeability, people won't suffer from dermatitis and folliculate when their skin contacts with BEWM. BEWM can be permeated extremely well and it can also be penetrated by X rays. It is a pure and natural renewable material without any radiation and pollution. Biological material is the most potential branch discipline among the disciplines of life sciences. BEWM is a research direction of the branch.


BACKGROUND
Pregnant women with low weight/height (wt/ht) have lower plasma volume and reduced birth weight than women with normal wt/ht.

AIM
To explore the hormonal mechanisms involved in these alterations.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Plasma volume, and several hormones related to plasma volume regulation were determined in 24 near term pregnant women with low wt/ht and in 30 with normal wt/ht.

RESULTS
Newborns's weight, height and ponderal index were reduced in the low wt/ht group. Plasma volume (3042 +/- 101 vs 3631 +/- 101 ml, p < 0.001); plasma renin activity (7.5 +/- 0.9 vs 11.1 +/- 0.9 ng/ml/h, p < 0.01) and aldosterone (428 +/- 47 vs 710 +/- 58 pg/ml, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced in the low wt/ht group. Similar reductions were observed in serum estradiol and progesterone levels. Urinary kallikrein activity (354 +/- 112 vs 824 +/- 134 nmoles/24 h, p < 0.05), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (561 +/- 90 vs 1121 +/- 165 ng/24 h, p < 0.05) and thromboxane B2 (110 +/- 29 vs 280 +/- 29 ng/24 h, p < 0.05) were also reduced in low wt/ht women.

CONCLUSIONS
We postulate that the reduced levels of vasoactive hormones observed in pregnant women with low wt/ht may interfere with plasma volume expansion and, in turn, cause low birth weight.


The invention discloses a reactance value measurement system for a three-phase reactor. The reactance value measurement system comprises the processes as follows: a direct current side of a three-phase inverter power supply unit provides a direct current power supply to an inverter by rectification of the system or by virtue of a storage battery; output of an alternating current side is respectively connected with one end of a to-be-tested three-phase reactor after passing through a low-pass filter composed of an RC; the other end of the to-be-tested three-phase reactor is connected with a neutral point of the system; a three-phase electric signal detection unit is respectively connected to a three-phase inverter power supply unit in series and is output to three-phase phase lines of the to-be-tested three-phase reactor; collected current signals are respectively output to a first wiring terminal of a calculation control unit; the composition and connection relationships of the calculation control unit are as follows: the calculation control unit comprises the first wiring terminal, a conditioning circuit, an A/D part, a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), a dual-port RAM and a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) part, which are sequentially connected with one another; the CPLD is also externally connected with a PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) transmission circuit and an input and output circuit respectively; the PWM transmission circuit and the input and output circuit are externally linked through a second wiring terminal. The reactance value measurement system has the advantages of being compact in structure, advanced in function, high in test efficiency, convenient for field use, accuracy in measurement, and small in measurement error.


In the mobile radio device connected to a wireless network, it describes a method for controlling the reconfiguration of a plurality of radio access bearers. Mobile radio device is connected via a voice connection and a data connection at the same time. Data connection is used voice connection and at the same time. Transmission of one or more signaling messages for the data connection, is delayed until the voice connection terminates. Typical signaling message comprises a message to reconfigure a radio access bearer corresponding to the data connection, and a message that is estimated to exceed a predetermined transmission time interval. .FIELD 7


Traditionally, N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) has been regarded as unsuitable for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under visible light. Ni-modified β-FeOOH nanorod cocatalysts enabled to use N 2p holes in the N-TiO2 photoanode induced by 400-500 nm visible light photons for the OER, enhancing anodic photocurrent of N-TiO2 with 13-fold with 100% faradaic efficiency.


This study was attempted in order to examine relationship of elementary school students' safety consciousness upon risk recognition of accidental type. We carried out targeting 378 elementary school students who attended 4 schools in J city and K city of J province from June 25 July 15, 2009. The statistical processing was done by SPSS WIN 12.0 Version. The statistical significance was set to p<.05. As for correlation between variables in safety characteristics and safety consciousness, and risk recognition of accidental type, the safety consciousness showed positive correlation with risk recognition of traumatic accident(r=.179, p<.01) and risk recognition of environmental accident(r=.104, p<.05).The whole data of risk recognition of accidental type, the safety education within 1 year(β=.139, t=2.654, p<.01) and traffic safety consciousness(β =.172, t=2.714, p<.01) were indicated to had significant influence upon the risk recognition of accidental type.


Objective: This article is the first in a series of international case studies developed by the American Cancer Society to illustrate use of publicly available surveillance data for regional tobacco control. Design: A descriptive analysis of Brazil and Paraguay cigarette production and trade data from official sources. Methods: Per capita cigarette consumption for Brazil and its neighbour was calculated from 1970 to 1998 using data on production, imports, and exports from NATIONS, the National Tobacco Information Online System. Results: A 63% decrease was observed in the estimate of per capita consumption of cigarettes in Brazil between 1986 and 1998 (from 1913 cigarettes per person in 1986 to 714 cigarettes per person in 1998) and a 16-fold increase in Paraguay was observed during the same period (from 678 cigarettes per person in 1986 to 10 929 cigarettes per person in 1998). Following Brazil's 1999 passage of a 150% cigarette export tax, cigarette exports fell 89% and Brazil's estimated per capita consumption rose to 1990 levels (based on preliminary data). Per capita consumption in Paraguay also fell to 1990 levels. Conclusions: These trends coincide with local evidence that large volumes of cigarettes manufactured in Brazil for export to Paraguay are smuggled back and consumed as tax-free contraband in Brazil. It is hoped that this case study will draw wider public attention to the problems that smuggling presents for tobacco control, help identify other countries confronting similar issues, and stimulate effective interventions.


Amid the debates on total quality management (TQM), empirical investigations of the process of change have been largely neglected. This article examines the process of change involved in implementing TQM and employees'experience of participation, and it evaluates the impact of employee participation in TQM on their commitment to the organization. The research design involved a survey of employees in a U.K. manufacturing setting, with three measurement occasions: 6 months prior to and 9 months and 32 months after the introduction of TQM. The findings suggest that supervisory participative style is positively related to employee participation. The extent of employee participation is positively related to the assessment of the benefits of TQM. Furthermore, how employees assess the beneficial impact of TQM is more important in predicting subsequent participation in TQM than is their initial participation. Finally, no relationship is found between employee participation in TQM and organizational commitment.


Yuan Changying makes her prose possess a rich and colorful style by applying peculiar diction,delicate syntax,original conception and novel use of rhetorical devices.She always inserts smart comments in her free narration so as to reveal the profound philosophyt by in life.She also displays either joyful or indignant emotions through her vivid and gorgeous lyrical description, mingling the feelings with the scenes.Her adroit and unconventioal language skills serve as one of the main reasons to popularize her prose.


This paper has two main parts: (1) a primer on confidence and reliability in the Irregular Terrain Model (ITM); (2) a description of urban and suburban clutter in the Extended Hata model and in ITM. Recent interference analyses are used to illustrate the discussions. The goal is to clarify the appropriate use of the two models in this area.


This article aims to explore how in the Cave Birds poems Ted Hughes employs innovative poetic strategies to subvert the established and dominant value system of modern humanism and rational determinism. His critical attitude towards dominant value system of secular humanism and scientific determinism is constant, and his criticism about modernity enters a new stage in Cave Birds. The affirmation of what he considers as positive actually involves a good deal of abstraction from the complex predicament of human in modern world. The form of individuality and the wholeness of being that the poet propagates in Cave Birds basically demand a disengagement of consciousness from the outer reality. Through an internal and metaphorical expression of an individual's transformation, his poetic works attempt to defamiliarize the recurrent subject matter of Human-Nature relationship.


Hawaii`s extensive renewable resources and limited access to conventional fuels has created a natural environment for the development and implementation of renewable energy processes. Hawaii has invested in municipal waste-to-energy incineration, hydropower, wind energy, solar photovoltaic (PV), small-scale solar, geothermal, and innovative hybrid wind/diesel and wind/pumped hydro systems. While regarded as a leader in the field of renewable energy, Hawaii`s approach has generally focused on research and development rather on implementation and commercialization. Despite being a front-runner in the use of renewable energy resources, Hawaii`s dependence on petroleum continues to be among the highest in the United States. The introduction of coal-fired electricity generation has helped to diversify the energy base and decrease the share of oil. But, coal`s low fuel costs may also impact negatively on the prospects for renewable energy. The combination of the impending decline of sugarcane and the growing concerns for energy and environmental security is changing Hawaii`s energy landscape. While a number of traditional options may be phased out over the next few years, the emergence of new prospects holds considerable promise for an expanded role for renewable energy in the future. This is the first of a two-part series that examines lessons learned frommore » Hawaii`s renewable energy experience with an aim towards developing more focused and effective plans for the future. In this first part, Hawaii`s geography and economy are described, followed by a discussion of the energy supply and demand structures, and the role of key institutions within the energy community. In addition, an overview of Hawaii`s renewable energy resources and the critical challenges facing the advancement of renewable energy technologies and conventional energy systems are presented. 40 refs., 13 figs., 21 tabs.« less


The work seeks to provide a management perspective about museums, theatres, and related organizations (like auction houses) from the angles of philosophy, policy, organizational design, economics, and technology. The work seeks to examine the unprecedented crisis engendered by the COVID-19 pandemic on arts organizations across the world and the management strategies adopted to handle the pandemic. The work delves into the immense significance of digital technologies such as streaming technologies, algorithm-driven sales, and information storing digital ledgers like blockchains in guiding the fortunes of the arts organization both during and beyond the phase of pandemics. The key message of the book is that art organizations will not be the same even after the COVID-19 pandemic. Arts organizations that have for long relied on the real world of exhibitions and performances will be tempted to straddle in both the real and virtual models. Their revenue earnings models will also be more diversified than at present, so would their reach to their customers. Further the advent of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) based on blockchain platform Ethereum, it is argued, will turn democratize the world of creation, collection, and consumption thus nudging extant institutions to change their prevalent methods of doing business in arts works.


Applied talents training model curriculum is a comprehensive system.In this paper,the goal and location of medical physics,course structure,teaching materials and methods,as well as teachers' team construction were discussed to improve the teaching quality and the ability of medical students in applied model curriculum of"Medical Physics".


It is a very important thought of Karl Marx on historical determinism that "Man's purpose gives the law to his modus operandi". This thought has been ignored in a long period and has not been explained correctly. This article argues that "purpose" here means "practical conception" which is a unity of external measure and internal measure, of objective laws and activity of consciousness, of historical determinism and subjective choice. To act in accordance with objective laws and exert subjective dynamic role are very complicated things.


Background: A global RNase MRP substrate hunt has never been performed. Results: We identified new potential substrates for RNase MRP. Conclusion: Results confirm a role for RNase MRP in the cell cycle and identify new roles in the biosynthesis of other RNA-protein complexes. Significance: Knowing the identity of RNase MRP substrates is critical to understanding its function and role on a system-wide scale. RNase mitochondrial RNA processing (MRP) is an essential, evolutionarily conserved endoribonuclease composed of 10 different protein subunits and a single RNA. RNase MRP has established roles in multiple pathways including ribosome biogenesis, cell cycle regulation, and mitochondrial DNA replication. Although each of these functions is important to cell growth, additional functions may exist given the essential nature of the complex. To identify novel RNase MRP substrates, we utilized RNA immunoprecipitation and microarray chip analysis to identify RNA that physically associates with RNase MRP. We identified several new potential substrates for RNase MRP including a cell cycle-regulated transcript, CTS1; the yeast homolog of the mammalian p27Kip1, SIC1; and the U2 RNA component of the spliceosome. In addition, we found RNase MRP to be involved in the regulation of the Ty1 transposon RNA. These results reinforce and broaden the role of RNase MRP in cell cycle regulation and help to identify new roles of this endoribonuclease.


is painting reflexive pronoun contexts ( O pateras zografizi ton eafto tou "the father is painting himself"), quantificational antecedent and clitic contexts ( kathe pateras ton zografizi "every father is painting him"), quantificational antecedent and reflexive pronoun contexts ( kathe pateras zografizi ton eafto tou "every father is painting himself"), and na -clause-clitic contexts ( O pateras ton ide na chorevi "the saw him A strong pronoun condition was although the main aim of this study to look at possible dissociations between clitics and strong pronouns as the The results indicated both patients showed almost ceiling performance on all


The recent progress in MBE growth of HgCdTe at the Research Center for Advanced Materials and Devices, and the National Laboratory for Infrared Physics is reported. It is found that the excellent compositional uniformity and reproducibility of HgCdTe can be archived by MBE technique. The results of surface morphology, dislocation density, electrical properties and focal plane array detectors are described in the paper.


Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene in meningomas and its relationship with angiogenesis and peritumor vasegenic brain edema (PVBE).Methods The expression of VEGF gene in 35 meningomas were detected by immunohistochemical method.Micro-blood-vessels were immunostained with anti-factor Ⅷ-related antigen monoclonal antibody and the vascular development was measured by micro-blood-vessel counting (MVC).PVBE was used as the extent of peritumor brain edema,which was a ratio generated by dividing the edema volume by that of the tumor volume.Results The expression of VEGF gene was detected in 35 cases of meningomas (77%).VEGF was highly expressed in malignant meningomas and angiomatous meningomas (100%).VEGF expression was significantly positively correlated with MVC and PVBE ( r = 0.682?3,P 0.01;r =0.765?3,P 0.01).Conclusion VEGF was widely distributed in meningomas and played an important role in the development of both angiogenesis and PVBE.


This study investigates the inclination of University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) students towards
entrepreneurship. Specifically it aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurship education and
university students' inclination towards entrepreneurship. This study also examines the moderating effects of
demographic characteristics and family business background on budding entrepreneurs undergoing
entrepreneurship education. The sampling population comprised of 84 students from the final year UMK
students pursuing the undergraduate programme in Entrepreneurship. A self administered questionnaire was
used in this study to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of 2 parts: the first part dealt with the
Demographic characteristics of the respondents with sub-headings – personal information, family information,
education and Willingness to become an entrepreneur. The second part was sub-divided into 2 parts – part A
and B, whereby 'Part A' covered questions on personality traits (innate talents) of the respondents and 'Part B'
comprised of questions on experiential or acquired traits. That is knowledge and skills acquired due to socioeconomic
forces. The role of Role models in form educators, books and technology in promoting
entrepreneurship was also discussed. After screening a total of 80 questionnaires were deemed completed and
usable. This yielded a response rate of 95.2 percent. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, multiple regression,
one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test were used to test the hypothesized proposition. The results of
factor analysis suggested that university students' entrepreneurial inclination was due to their opting to pursue
entrepreneurial study programme. Multiple regression was performed to examine the relationship between
entrpreneurship education and inclination towards entrepreneurship. The results showed that the role of
university in promoting entrepreneurship have statistically significant relationship with student inclination
towards entrepreneurship. The hypothesis testing results indicated that in demographic characteristics fathers'
occupation and role of university did have an impact on university students' inclination towards
entrepreneurship.


The natural change of population represents the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths, the two decisive factors of population development. Although in our modern and open society migration is an important factor in population change, the major contours of population development can still be traced by comparing births and deaths and by revealing the underlying processes. The difference between the number of births and the number of deaths gives the absolute value of natural increase or decrease, while the difference between the two ratios gives the rate of increase or decrease for the total population.


Modelling studies of the spinal system to WBV and repeated shock provide a possibility to predict the forces acting on the disks and endplates of vertebrae. These forces can be used to estimate the health risk. Due to the complex structure of the human body, only complex dynamic models based on human anatomy can reflect adequately the dynamic properties of the spine and adjacent parts of the body. The review will concentrate on models of this type. Two types of model are less suitable: (1) Static models do not reflect sufficiently the dynamic properties of the lumbar spine, (2) phenomenological models reproduce input-output relations without considering anatomical structures.


We measured emissions of methane from asphalt surfaces used in pavement for roadways. Maximum emissions were 22 mg/m2/hr for 1- to 4-week-old pavement during maximum sunlight intensity. Emissions were much smaller at low sunlight intensity and dropped off to negligible amounts at night. Smaller emissions were observed for asphalt pavement of 2.5 to 3 years approximate age under similar conditions. Companion measurements of carbon monoxide emissions resulted in maximum emissions of about 2.6 mg/m2/hr for 1-week-old pavement. These findings indicate that emissions of CH4 and CO are a function of both sunlight and temperature. Based on our results, methane emissions from asphalt pavement cannot be a significant source of atmospheric methane as compared to other identified methane sources. Therefore, although asphalt methane emissions are a form of fossil fuel methane, they cannot explain the relatively high fraction of 14C-depleted methane in the atmosphere.


Three stratigraphically adjacent soils were sampled from a site in the south of England known to suffer from historic mercury contamination. Anoxic microcosms were set up containing differing quantities of organic carbon to promote microbial activity and half the samples were then treated with mercury (II). Biological, chemical and geochemical indicators were then monitored for 4-6 months to determine (1) the impact of mercury on a range of terminal electron accepting processes, and (2) the fate of the metal as the microcosms aged. Contrasting results were obtained with the three soils, linked primarily to mercury sorption characteristics at the start of the experiment. Significant differences between the soil types were also evident as the microcosms aged and when mercury was selectively extracted using a series of washes of increasing strength [1]. However a significant portion of the mercury was not accounted for using this technique and further experimental work was carried out to quantify mercury volatilisation into the headspace and to apportion this to methyl-mercury and elemental mercury fractions. Specific soil horizons sorbed only half of the 40ppm mercury added as Hg (II), suggesting potential pathways for mercury migration in groundwaters at the site. In order to address this issue, microbial and mineralogical remediation agents have been tested in the microcosms to remove residual mercury from solution. The positive results from these experiments will be used to form the basis of a remediation strategy at the site.


This paper presents some recent results of the authors jointly with Peter Ebenfelt concerning local biholomorphisms which map one realanalytic or real-algebraic submanifold of C N into another. It is shown that under some optimal conditions such mappings are determined by their jets of a predetermined finite order at a given point. Under these conditions, if the manifolds are algebraic, it is also shown that the components of the holomorphic mappings must be algebraic functions. The stability group of self mappings is shown to be a finite dimensional Lie group for most points in the case of real-analytic holomorphically nondegenerate real hypersurfaces in C N . The notion of Segre sets associated to a point of a real-analytic CR submanifold of C N is one of the main ingredients in this work. Properties of these sets and their relationship to minimality of these manifolds are discussed.


Background: There is emerging evidence that post-traumatic growth is a relevant concept in addiction recovery. However, existing measures, such as the post-traumatic growth inventory, were designed to measure post-traumatic growth in general trauma populations. It is unclear if the post-traumatic growth inventory is suitable for individuals in recovery from substance-related addiction. The current study aimed to qualitatively assess the content validity of the post-traumatic growth inventory for individuals in addiction recovery. Method: The think-aloud method was applied, and semi-structured interviews utilized, to collect data from 20 individuals in recovery from unhealthy alcohol and/or drug use. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze data in relation to item interpretation and experience of post-traumatic growth. Findings: Qualitative assessment supported three out of five subscales on the post-traumatic growth inventory (new possibilities, personal strength and appreciation of life). Modifications were suggested on some items from the relating to others domain and responses to the spiritual change domain possibly reflected a cultural influence. There was an identified need to include items that account for positive changes in health behavior. Conclusions: The current study highlights domains of post-traumatic growth for those in addiction recovery and how the post-traumatic growth inventory may understate some forms of positive life change. Future research should focus on validating a revised version of the post-traumatic growth inventory for this population.


Th is is a study of clusters and their infl uence on companies and the environment in Serbia, with the aim of ana- lysing information regarding companies, clusters and the process of cluster development in Serbia. Some of the most inter- esting features for Serbian companies were drawn out and presented in order to identify and analyse similar processes and externalities in future research about Serbian companies. In order to create a comprehensive study, both quantitative and qualitative research methods have been applied. In total, thirty-nine companies have been surveyed in fi ve Serbian clusters, gaining useful answers regarding companies which joined the clusters and the expectations and aspirations of cooperation within each cluster. Th e research methodology was analysed in-depth and valuable conclusions have been drawn. Often, Serbian companies did not start cooperating through an awareness of the benefi ts that clusters can off er, but rather out of the need to overcome certain common legal and business problems. Th e majority of the companies within the clusters are micro and small companies, without research and development (R&D). Th is study showed that even clusters in Serbia do not have an R&D division, leading us to the conclusion that companies need to improve their internal knowledge manage- ment, support innovations and invest in new material and product development.


Abstract The robustness of relationships between forecast model output and forecast skill is tested using a 14-winter set of Northern Hemisphere 500-mb geopotential height analyses and forecasts produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts operational model. During the period of record, model skill improved substantially at the medium range, as the model itself went through many upgrade cycles. It is found, through independent trials using subsamples of the full 14-winter record, that apparently useful forecast correction and skill prediction relationships are sensitive to sampling variability and are of limited use in an operational setting. Interannual variability and nonstationarity in the time series of forecasts both appear to contribute to the lack of robustness. The occurrence or nonoccurrence of El Nino conditions appears to have a large effect on the form of many of the results. The amplitude of mean errors associated with the day-10 forecast shows no dependence on the initi...


The study focused on the impact of health and agriculture financing on economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. The study utilized the time series data which was extracted from Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin. Unit Root test was performed with the use of Augmented Dickey-Fuller test in order to ascertain the stationarity of all the variables and they were all found to be stationary at order 1 in the two specified models (composite and disaggregated). Error Correction Model (ECM) was used to analyze the data in order to determine the speed of adjustment from the short run to the long run equilibrium state. Casualty test was used to confirm causal relationship among the variables of interests. The study revealed that Federal Government expenditure in Health sector has a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. Federal Government expenditure in Agricultural sector equally had a positive effect on economic growth but surprisingly not significant. Considering the disaggregated form, Federal Government capital expenditure in both Health and Agricultural sectors have positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth while Federal Government recurrent expenditure on health has a positive and statistically insignificant effect in economic. It was also revealed that there is causal relationship among the variables. Based on the findings, the study concluded that Federal Government Expenditure in Health Sectors and Agriculture Sectors have effect on economic growth in Nigeria.


The article analyzes the case of "maras" and other transnational youth groups, adopting an academic and political positioning. Taking its own ethnographic location from an adjacent conception, it proposes the problematization of limit extreme situations experienced by the individuals involved in its research. The interconnections between violence and youth receive this way both a local and a transnational outlook.


The grain industry occupies a leading position in the domestic agricultural market, and today, under the conditions of the 2022 war, the effective functioning of the grain market is extremely important to solve the problem of ensuring food and national security not only in Ukraine, but also in many other countries of the world. The purpose of the research is to conduct a correlation-regression analysis of the profitability of grain production in Ukraine, to single out the main influencing factors, to build a linear regression model based on the factors identified. Previous studies devoted to this topic (conducted by scientists from Ukraine, Great Britain, Egypt, Bangladesh, Iran, Niger, Nigeria, Zimbabwe and China) cover a wide range of factors influencing the profitability of grain production. However, the authors assume that to the greatest extent the studied indicator is influenced by precisely those factors that come from the essence of the definition of the profitability indicator. In order to test this hypothesis, the method of correlation-regression analysis was used, which allowed to identify factors that significantly impact the profitability of grain production in Ukraine. Model building and calculation of the regression coefficients were conducted using the software package STATISTICA. It was found that the most significant variables are yield, sales prices, costs of production and sales, on the basis of which a linear regression model was built, that reflects the dependence of the profitability of grain production in Ukraine on the above-mentioned indicators ( ). With an increase in yield per unit, profitability increases by 1.27 units. With an increase in the selling price per unit, the profitability increases by 0.0242. If the cost per unit of production increases, then the profitability of cereals will decrease by 0.0007. The distribution of the residuals of the model obtained by the authors is close to the normal distribution, and the histogram of the distribution of residuals is close to the graph of the normal distribution, therefore, we can conclude that this model is adequate. Based on the analysis of the distribution of residues, the model can be considered satisfactory. The analysis revealed a negative scale effect in the grain industry, which can be avoided if agricultural land is used effectively. The cancellation of the moratorium on the sale of land opens the way for the transfer of land to more efficient users, which will have a positive effect on the profitability of production.


The provision of a Fe (II) -substituted beta type zeolite in which an ion exchange with Fe (II) ions was carried out, and which can effectively nitric oxide or hydrocarbon contained in a gas to be purified adsorb and remove, even when oxygen is contained in high concentration in the gas or temperature of the gas is low. In the Fe (II) -substituted beta type zeolite, a ratio of SiO The amount of supported Fe (II) is preferably from 0.01 mass% to 6.5 mass% based on the Fe (II) -substituted beta type zeolite.


We examine a class of Brownian based models which produce tractable incomplete equilibria. The models are based on finitely many investors with heterogeneous exponential utilities over intermediate consumption who receive partially unspanned income. The investors can trade continuously on a finite time interval in a money market account as well as a risky security. Besides establishing the existence of an equilibrium, our main result shows that the resulting equilibrium can display a lower risk-free rate and a higher risk premium relative to the usual Pareto efficient equilibrium in complete markets. Consequently, our model can simultaneously help explaining the risk-free rate and equity premium puzzles.


Let ⌈ be a subgroup of the modular group PSL(2,Z) then ⌈ acts on the upper half plane H = {zЄC : Im z > 0} and we can form the Riemann surface M = H/⌈, see [3]. The complex line bundles on a Riemann surface M form a group H1(M, *), see [4], and whenever we raise a line bundle to a power it will be in this group. Let κ denote the canonical bundle on M then a modular form of weight ν is a section of the bundle . A modular n-jet is then a section of Jn the n-th jet bundle, see [7]. We can reformulate these ideas in the following terms. A modular form can be viewed as a function Φ: H → C and a modular n-jet as a vector valued function Φ: H → Cn+1 both of which satisfy a transformation law under the elements of Γ.


Chapter Overview In the past few decades, many practitioners of cognitive science and philosophy of mind have staked out programs and positions under the label of " embodied cognition " (EC). They have widely differing views, however, of what embodiment consists in and why a program of embodied cognition might be an improvement over classical cognitivism. Frederique de Vignemont and I have recently proposed a general characterization of embodied cognition (Goldman & Vignemont, 2009), and I have expanded on the ramifications of this conception when one adds to it evolutionary considerations and a certain attractive conception of neuroarchitecture (Goldman, 2012). On this occasion, I review the definitional proposal in the context of other conceptions of embodiment and show how an assortment of empirical evidence lends strength to our proposal. Finally, I reply to Lawrence Shapiro (this volume, Chapter 3), who raises a series of challenges for our conception. Existing proposals for EC can be divided into two general categories: proposals predominantly derived from computer science, artificial intelligence (AI), and robotics; and proposals predominantly derived from cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. In the first section, I look at samples of both kinds of proposals. The second section then reviews the definition of embodiment we have proposed and how extensive the range of embodiment is likely to be given the empirical findings that have already emerged. Finally, in the third section, I reply to Shapiro's comments.


Abstract The reliability and validity of two bases of power instruments designed by Bachman, Smith, and Slesinger (1966) and by Student (1968), were theoretically and empirically evaluated. The evaluation showed that the scales of the two instruments were poor in face, content, and convergent validities and low in retest reliabilities.


The properties of animal silk are closely related with the secondary structure of silk protein.the shrinkage in different solvents and the change of secondary structure of spider silk by different condition water are studied in the paper.The results demonstrate that the spider silk shrinks strongly to 50 percent of its length treated by water;the IR absorbing spectra demonstrates thatβ-sheet of the secondary structure of spider silk treated by water increases,at the sametime,β-turn changes little.The high frequency parts and low frequency parts of hydrogen bonds changes due to water affecting,then make the amide I C=O electron cloud density decrease,which means the vibration frequency of amideI decrease too.The result proofs that the frequency of amide I is closely related with hydrogen bonds.


Abstract : The cross section for backscattering from an anisotropic random dielectric medium is computed for the case where the wavelength is much smaller than the outer scale length of the medium and where the path length through the medium can be many times the mean free path for small-angle forward scattering. The cross section as a function of K sub i and K sub f, the initial and final wavevectors, is obtained by an extension of the cumulative forward-scatter single-backscatter calculation of DeWolf. The cross section for the general case is computed by expanding the general expression for the cross section in terms of path dependent correlation functions using Kubo's cumulant expansion method. Evaluation of the resulting Fourier transform is achieved by a functional Taylor Series expansion in terms of multiple convolutions of the projected correlation functions. Numerical results are obtained for the case of a Gaussian correlation function and a method is presented for calculating the cross section for the Kolmogoroff spectrum. (Author)


During decomposition of plant litter, it remains unclear whether carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are released at similar proportional rates, which hinders our prediction of soil C and N dynamics under the context of global changes. Here, we investigated the relationships between C and N release and their responses to N addition (5 g N m−2 yr−1) to better understand this question. Litter gross N release and immobilization were differentiated by the 15N‐labeling technique. Results showed that the linear relationship between gross N release and C release followed the 1:1 line during the first year but then deviated above the 1:1 line for three types of the four studied litters. Nitrogen addition did not change this relationship, showing an inhibition effect on both C and N releases from the N‐rich foliar litter at the later stage. The inhibition effect of N addition was not found in the N‐poor twig litter, indicating that initial litter N interacted with deposited N to affect litter N release. We propose a novel conceptual model to describe that under N addition, the decrease in gross N release caused a decline in net N release from N‐rich litter, while a decline in net N release from N‐poor litter was due to the increase in gross N immobilization. These findings point to the importance of differentiating the gross N release and immobilization processes for understanding the response of litter N cycling to increasing N deposition and the relationships between C and N release during different stages of litter decomposition.


The study of NMR chemical shifts offers a direct way of monitoring the amphiphile aggregation numbers which are difficult to obtain in an unambiguous.way by other experimental techniques. Earlier studies have used computer programs to calculate the aggregation number directly from the observed chemical shifts by fitting, with an iterative routine, the calculated shifts to the experimental ones using only two internally adjusted parameters. In the present work a program is developed in which four parameters are internally adjusted by the regression procedure. The new program leads to (a) quicker convergence, (b) a more reliable optimum solution and (c) a more internally consistent solution which leads to better interpretation of results for different carbon numbers as compared to that reported in literature.


Field "A" is the exploration field which has two productive layers, starting from the top is a layer K1 and L5. The oil reserves in this field amounted to 35.54 MMSTB. The field development planning system using PSC (Production Sharing Contract) for 30 years beginning in January 2012 to January 2042, carried out with the addition of 8 + 5 vertical wells with hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells and pumps on each well. The field development scenarios generate cumulative oil production of 10.91 MMSTB and 30.7% recovery factor. Based on the economic analysis conducted, it can be said that the development scenario profitable taking into account the NPV @ 10% amounting to US$ 21,948,937.46, ROR is 33.24% (15% of bank interest), DPIR is 0.7, PIR is 2.03 and POT is 3.69 years from 24 years of time contract. Keywords: economic analysis, hydraulic fracturing, production sharing contract


The effects of malathion stress on,inerganic sulfur metabolism in female rats were investigated by extracting macromolecules contain ing ester sulfate from cellular lipoprotein. Sulfolipid,·mucopolysac charide, nucleotide, and sulfate transfer ·fraction were extracted from the lipoprotein prepared from five to seven pooled livers from rats fed diets containing 0.42 , 0.10, and 0. 0002 percent sulfate. Six groups of rats (two groups per diet) were fed the diets for 2 1 days. Rats were given either malathion in corn oil or only corn oil by stomach tube every 24 hours for three days and were killed on day 2 1. Lipoprotein was isolated from liver by exhaustive sa 1 t extraction. Determination of the specific activities of the macromolecules from lipoprotein by liquid sci1:1-tillation counting revealed a statistically significant increase in so4= incorporation into sulfolipid of malathion-stressed rats as compared with controls fed the diet contain ing 0. 10 percent sulfate. In general, malathion stress caused in creases in specific.activities of liver lipoprot�in macromolecules. These increases were generally intensified by decreasing the level of dietary sulfate. An investigation was initiated in order to identify the cellular ccxnponent and the mechanism causing the increased so4= incorporation into sulfolipid observed in malathion-stressed rats. Total galactose, sulfate, and 35s activity were determined in liver lipoprotein sulfo lipid extracted frcxn nuclei, mitochondria, and the residue from groups iv


HKU's Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine reformed their curriculum system of Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery in 1997 and in 2012 respectively, and formed a six-year curriculum system which is running. Based on large amounts of raw materials, combined with on-site to learn from experience, the purpose is to introduce the structure and characteristics of this curriculum system, as well as its specific implementation of the method in the first three academic years. Compared with the old curriculum system, the significant difference is the arrangement of the first three-year-teaching, they not only extend reasonably the teaching time of the general part of basic medical courses, PBL teaching, integrated teaching, but also enrich and deepen the teaching contents of the system-based modules, contact to clinical early and medical humanities education. It is a kind of "ability oriented" comprehensive teaching mode which provides a good example for us.

Key words:
Hong Kong; Faculty of medicine; Bachelor of medicine & bachelor of surgery; Curriculum system


Many of us investigate health disparities in adult cancer care. Kagawa-Singer and colleagues 1 note, however, that we have made little progress in racial and ethnic disparities here in America. Similarly, poor impact likely holds true in disparities emerging from poverty and old age. Disparate cancer care is not limited to any one society or culture; thus, persistent disparities concern us all. Recent events in my own geriatric oncology practice prompt me to wonder if it is time to reappraise disparities research to achieve a more robust and actionable equity agenda by better capitalizing on our collaborative skills and values of holism in nursing to advance the science. Transdisciplinarity and intersectionality are tools by which we might achieve progress in crossing disciplinary boundaries and studying social identity in health. Let me address transdisciplinarity first. As our knowledge of cancer branches in infinite ways, the number of disciplines relevant to inquiry within the scope of cancer nursing research expands proportionately. We rely on interdisciplinary teams to ensure our research is sharply conceived and well implemented, but I worry that the explosion of knowledge has outpaced our current collaborations. In maintaining established interdisciplinary teams, we also tend to maintain disciplinary boundaries and epistemological domains. The questions ''what to do with new data?'' and ''how to frame those data?'' gravitate to familiar answers. We incline toward fitting new information into accepted models. As a result, teams may not offer sufficient energy to transcend disciplinary boundaries in order to advance research and may limit capacity to produce new data and new understandings that emerge in crossing those bounds. Effective inquiry into the cancer experience is increasingly complex, informed by diverse sources of information that do not belong in any single discipline. For instance, demographic variables and data may be viewed within demography or claimed and reclassified by branches of anthropology and gerontology. These same variables may be used in research by a clinically oriented interdisciplinary team. The experience and genesis of disparate cancer care clearly warrant such pluralistic perspectives. I believe the study of disparities and practice of health and social equity must be ever more tangibly transdisciplinary in order to heighten the impact of research in redressing disparities. Next, I address intersectionalityVmost approaches to health disparities depend on isolation of factors and reduction of influences in order to highlight outcomes. Conversely, our knowledge of cancer reveals a web of interconnecting influences, processes, outcomes, and experiences. The need to elucidate interconnection between and among concepts, principles, and relationships implies that continued reliance on reductionist frames limits value and progress in disparities research. Studies of health disparities are often straightforward explorations of outcomes for people who share one or a few characteristics. In structuring studies, the focus is commonly on defining separable disparities and using accustomed demographic variables to operationalize the social determinants of health hypothesized to create disparate care. Disparate care is a complex and nuanced human experience, one generally not well represented by reducing it to 1 or 2 characteristics, such as socially ascribed race and gender. Increasingly, integrative and interpretive approaches reflect intricacy in the experience of disparities. Improved understandings of intersecting social identities result when the person is treated as an integral whole. Intersectionality provides critical conceptual perspective on those intersecting social identities. It helps explain the social and cultural dialectics that create more and less inequitable experiences in health and social care as well as society at large.


Cooperative inversion has the potential to significantly improve subsurface imaging. However, success or failure can be highly dependent on knowledge of underlying site specific geological and petrophysical relationships. Combinations of structural or textural seismic attributes can be integrated into geostatistical clustering to provide a framework able to carry inversion of lower resolution EM or potential field data to an outcome with improved detail and accuracy. Cross-gradient type methods link direction of change of different physical parameters within inversion. Outcomes will be dependent on the presumption that the direction of change of petrophysical parameters like velocity, density and electrical conductivity are indeed linked. Cooperative and joint inversion need to be validated by information harvested at drill sites. Here new low cost multi-scale, multi-parameter logging while drilling technologies could be designed to feed real time imaging based on cooperative inversion. We will; (i) examine theoretical possibilities, (ii) give examples of practical successes and failures, and (iii) consider the future of cooperative inversion.


Disclosed is a blood cell trajectory display device (1) for displaying the blood cell trajectory leading to an agglutination, that is equipped with a TV camera (3) that continuously films the flow of blood, a calculation unit (70) that analyzes the blow flow images obtained by the TV camera (3), and a display (8). The calculation unit (70) analyzes a plurality of blood flow image frames and detects the agglutination of blood cells in the blood, and in cases in which blood cell agglutination has been detected, detects the position of said blood cells in the blood flow image frame prior to the frame in which the agglutination was detected, and requests the trajectory of said blood cells to the agglutination point. The display (8) displays the blood cell trajectory requested by the calculation unit (70).


Purpose: Little formal eye skills training has historically been available to Australian general practitioners at undergraduate or postgraduate levels. The development of the National GP Eye Skills Workshop was a joint initiative of the Royal Australian Colleges of General Practice and Ophthalmology, to enhance the skills of Australian general practitioners in a range of important ocular examination and procedural areas.


. Assume that S is a commutative complete discrete valuation domain of characteristic p , S ∗ is the unit group of S and G = G p × B is a finite group, where G p is a p -group and B is a p (cid:48) -group. Denote by S λ G the twisted group algebra of G over S with a 2 -cocycle λ ∈ Z 2 ( G, S ∗ ) . We give necessary and sufficient conditions for S λ G to be of OTP representation type, in the sense that every indecomposable S λ G -module is isomorphic to the outer tensor product V # W of an indecomposable S λ G p -module V and an irreducible S λ B -module W .


The invention provides a shock-proof sprain-preventing sole, which sequentially comprises an undersole, a mid-sole and an inner-sole from top to bottom, and is characterized in that: a sprain-preventing skeleton is also arranged between the mid-sole and the inner-sole, the sprain-preventing skeleton is made of a thermosplastic urethanes (TPU) material, and the sprain-preventing skeleton is at least arranged on a quarter part between a front half sole and a heel; and two sides of the sprain-preventing skeleton are respectively bent and extent to form a positioning sheet closely along corresponding surfaces of the mid-sole and the inner-sole, each positioning sheet is divided into an upper positioning sheet and a lower positioning sheet, the upper positioning sheets are bent and extent to two outer side walls of a quarter part of the inner-sole closely along two sides of the bottom surface of the quarter part of the inner-sole, and the lower positioning sheets are bent and extent to two outer side walls of a quarter part of the mid-sole closely along two sides of the upper surface of the quarter part of the mid-sole. The shock-proof sprain-preventing sole not only has an excellent shockproof function and can effectively absorb and eliminate an impact force of the feet from the ground, but also can be automatically restored, so the over-deformation of the sole can be prevented, the sprain of the feet can be avoided, and the balance and movement stability of the human body can be maintained.


Vehicular networking major concern is to effectively support intelligent transportation system applications. For that, robust, adaptive techniques for efficient communication and control between vehicles need to be developed. In this paper, the key issue under investigation is the efficient, intelligent provision of medium access control in vehicular ad hoc networks in the case of broadcast beaconing. A well established option is proposed, for controlling nonlinear systems using linguistic information, by utilizing fuzzy logic control. In particular, an intelligent adaptive controller, based on the traffic density, is built to regulate dynamically the contention window during message broadcasting. Simulation results, on dense and dynamic scenarios, reveal the inbuilt robustness and proficient control of the system provided by the proposed controller. This is in contrast with the conventional, IEEE 802.11p standard, solution we compared against, in terms of channel utilization, latency, collisions, beacon reception rate, and beacon inter-arrival time.


The freight forecasting of river-sea direct transport (RSDT) is crucial for the policy making of river-sea transportation facilities and the decision-making of relevant port and shipping companies. This paper develops a multi-step approach framework for freight volume forecasting of RSDT in the case that direct historical data are not available. First, we collect publicly available shipping data, including ship traffic flow, speed limit of each navigation channel, free-flow running time, channel length, channel capacity, etc. The origin–destination (O–D) matrix estimation method is then used to obtain the matrix of historical freight volumes among all O–D pairs based on these data. Next, the future total freight volumes among these O–D pairs are forecasted by using the gray prediction model, and the sharing rate of RSDT is estimated by using the logit model. The freight volume of RSDT is thus determined. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by forecasting the RSDT freight volume on a shipping route of China.


Engineers today cannot meet their professional obligation to the welfare of society if they do not have a broad, multidisciplinary vision, and yet a multidisciplinary vision is becoming enormously difficult to obtain. A new curriculum must emerge that can integrate a focused, discipline-based scientific approach with an integrated approach. To do this, we must recognize that there is already a structure that is deeply embedded into the current pedagogy, which values performance ratios such as efficiency as paramount. Current trends indicate a call for a broader, reflexive, and preventative curriculum, but like many other calls for change, these will fail if the focus continues to be on wrong values. A model for an adaptive engineering curriculum is developed that strives to maintain a scientific approach as well as a broad "culture-based approach." A new way of thinking about engineering curriculum must involve a "resymbolization" in which experience, context, community, and certain nonmeasurable principles are valued.


The present invention, mammalian body (e.g., eyes) relates to improved apparatus and methods for delivering the drug directly to the interior of the. This method, by inserting a slow release drug delivery device in the desired position of the mammalian body, the drug (which is effective in obtaining a local or systemic physiological or pharmacologically desired diagnostic effect comprising administering to the a). In particular, the present invention relates to an improved sustained release drug delivery device, the device comprises a drug core, the unitary cup and permeable plug.


Hydrogels are used to enhance biocompatibility and reduce inflammation in biomedical applications, and as area-enlarging matrices in bioanalytical devices. For either of these applications, the str ...


The invention relates to a hot-air anti-icer for an engine inlet, belonging to the technical field of anti-icing for aero-engine inlets. The invention aims to provide the hot-air anti-icer which is capable of effectively controlling the flow direction of hot-air so as to improve heat exchange efficiency. The hot-air anti-icer apparatus comprises an air introducing pipeline introducing hot air out from a compressor, an annular pipeline communicated with the air introducing pipeline, a plurality of supports supporting the annular pipeline to the front wall surface of an inlet nacelle, a plurality of diversion blade cascades installed on a lip part formed on an air spraying throat of the annular pipeline and used for guiding air-flow and an exhaust pipeline used for discharging air having undergone heat exchange in a heat exchange passage. According to the invention, sprayed hot-air is allowed to flow, as closely as possible, along an anti-icing surface in the heat exchange passage at the front of the inlet and to spirally flow forward in the heat exchange passage, so heat exchange efficiency is improved to the greatest extent.


The authors discuss the experience and prospects of the cooperation between educational institutions and the industrial organizations. Through the example of constructional colleges, promising options for the development of educational campuses have been identified. The presented conclusions may be used in the elaboration of the development plans of secondary professional education institutions with specialization in construction.